India-China border dispute: What happened in Nathu La in 1967
Nathu La Pass
Monday's scuffle, the biggest confrontation between India and China since the 1967 clashes in Nathu La, has significantly escalated the already-volatile border standoff in the Ladakh region.
The last military conflict between India and China took place at Nathu La in the Indian state of Sikkim in September 1967 when88 Indian soldiers died in action while Beijing lost over 300 men.
In 1967, India decided to fence its border with China and the plan was to put threelayers of barbed wire, the work for which began on August 20, 1967.
Three days later, about 75 Chinese troops marched towards Nathu La in battle uniform and stopped at the border, shouting slogans for about an hour.
Also Read: China took pre-meditated action in Galwan valley that led to violence
There was an uneasy calm over the next week and a half.
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On September 5, China objected to concertina coils on the Indian fence. A supervising officer of the PLA picked up an argument with an Indian commanding officer and the work on the fence stopped for two days.
On September 7, 100 Chinese troops rushed to the border and engaged the Indian soldiers in a scuffle. They resorted to stone-pelting.
When the protesting Chinese army came back to the border on September 11, Lt. Colonel Rai Singh, the commanding officer of the local infantry battalion, went to talk to the Chinese troops.
Chinese soldiers opened fire, injuring Lt Colonel Rai Singh. Indian soldiers retaliated by attacking the Chinese post, but they suffered a heavy casualty.
Soon, Indian artillery fire turned the tide and over 300 PLA soldiers were killed.
Also Read: 20 Indian soldiers martyred in a violent face-off with Chinese troops
On September 12, New Delhi extended a note of unconditional ceasefire across the Sikkim-Tibet border which was rejected by China.
However, China had learnt a lesson in exchange of heavy casualty. On September 15, it handed over bodies of Indian soldiers, along with their arms and ammunition.
The bloodshed at Nathu La too was a result of Chinese insecurity. 53 years later, one question remains unanswered - why does construction on Indian land infuriate china?
China must accept that India has the sovereign right to protect its territory