ESA captures scar across Mars in one of its most volcanic regions
Mars scar
The European Space Agency’s Mars Express has spotted a scar on the surface of Mars. The scar can be seen at the foot of a giant volcano. Named Aganippe Fossa, the scar is roughly 600 km long. It is essentially a ‘graben’, which is a ditch-like groove with steep walls on both sides. The graben is near one of the red planet's largest volcanoes, Arsia Mons. The volcano is located in the Tharsis region and attracts special attention due to the presence of several massive volcanoes.
Aganippe Fossa is etched across the lower flank of Arsia Mons. This volcano measures 435 km in diameter and is 9 km tall. Scientists believe that rising magma underneath the mass of the other volcanoes in Tharsis caused Mars’s crust to stretch and crack.
The High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on Mars Express has captured two types of terrain - irregularly shaped mounds and valleys and gentle sloping cliffs and rocky debris. Arsia Mons has a ring-shaped ‘aureole’ based in only the northwestern flank of the volcano.
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Zebra-like patterns can also seen in this area, along with signs that lava once flowed here in the days when the volcano was active. Aureole is a 100,000-square-kilometre disc around the base of the volcano and has a connection with ancient glaciers.
Other volcanoes on Mars
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Olympus Mons is the tallest volcano in the solar system and can be found in the Tharsis area of Mars. It is over 21.9 km tall and last erupted 25 million years ago. It is also the youngest among the large volcanoes found on Mars.
(With inputs from agencies)
