New Delhi

Recent trends in breast cancer statistics reveal a complex picture. While breast cancer mortality has significantly decreased – by 44 per cent over the last three decades – there's a concerning rise in early-onset breast cancer cases, particularly among women under 50. 

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This information comes from the American Cancer Society's update, which also highlights persistent racial disparities in breast cancer outcomes.  

Increase in breast cancer in certain communities 

Black women, particularly, face higher risks of aggressive triple-negative breast cancers and have lower survival rates across most breast cancer subtypes and stages.  

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The increase in breast cancer rates, especially among younger women, is attributed to various factors of modern life. Dr Marisa Weiss, founder of Breastcancer.org, explains that the breast is particularly vulnerable to cancer.  

Factors contributing to the rise 

She points out that aspects of contemporary living contribute to the rising breast cancer rates. 

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- Delayed childbearing 

- Reduced breastfeeding 

- Increased alcohol consumption 

- Obesity and lack of exercise 

- Poor diet 

- Extended use of hormonal medications  

Research indicates that nearly half of all cancer cases in the US are linked to modifiable risk factors, with breast cancer being significantly affected. After lung cancer, breast cancer in women is most closely associated with modifiable risk factors. Alcohol consumption has been linked to higher risks for several cancer types, including breast cancer.  

Measures to reduce it 

To reduce breast cancer risk, experts recommend a multi-faceted approach:  

- Maintaining a healthy weight  

- Exercising regularly  

- Adopting a mostly plant-based diet (such as the Mediterranean diet)  

- Limiting or avoiding alcohol  

- Reducing exposure to environmental pollutants  

- Considering non-hormonal birth control methods  

- Quitting smoking  

- Ensuring good sleep  

- Socialising  

- Considering genetic testing for those at high risk  

Also read: Your favourite cake might be hiding dangerous cancer-causing chemicals: Karnataka govt issues warning

Change in diet 

Dietary recommendations for breast cancer prevention include choosing organic produce, when possible, especially for items on the Environmental Working Group's 'Dirty Dozen' list. Eating lower on the food chain is advised, as larger fish tend to accumulate more environmental toxins. Dr Weiss suggests making fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, beans, and grains the focus of meals, with meat and fish as side dishes.  

For those unable to afford organic options, a Mediterranean or vegetarian diet is still considered highly beneficial for breast cancer prevention. Simple strategies like removing chicken skin and avoiding the fatty parts of fish can also help reduce exposure to harmful substances.  

To conclude, while early-onset breast cancer cases are increasing, and racial disparities persist, there are numerous steps individuals can take to reduce their risk. These include lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and regular medical check-ups. For those with additional risk factors such as dense breasts or a family history of breast cancer, consultation with a doctor about genetic testing and personalised risk management is recommended.