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What is meldonium and why was it banned

What is meldonium and why was it banned

Meldonium

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Meldonium was developed to treat patients with heart conditions such as angina, chronic heart failure, cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular disorders

A Russian Olympic curler has been implicated in a doping case in a potential setback as the country battles to recover from a major scandal which triggered its ban from the Pyeongchang Winter Games.

A fresh doping case would be deeply embarrassing for Russia, which has 168 athletes deemed clean competing in Pyeongchang as neutral Olympic Athletes from Russia.

A source close to the matter said the case involved meldonium. Now, here are some facts about this drug.

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What is meldonium
Meldonium is used to treat ischaemia: A lack of blood flow to parts of the body, particularly in cases of angina, chronic heart failure, cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular disorders.The drug also helps to adjust the body's use of energy and can boost stamina and endurance. It increases blood flow, which improves exercise capacity in athletes and increased blood flow means more oxygen to muscle tissue.

Why it was banned
It is categorised as an S4 substance under the Wada code, which addresses hormone and metabolic modulators. The drug was banned when a study revealed that 17 per cent of Russian athletes tested were found to have meldonium in their system.

When it wasbanned
WADA placed the drug on its watch list in 2015 but the decision to add meldonium to the banned list was approved on 16 September 2015, and it came into effect on 1 January 2016.

Why is the drug under the spotlight
Meldonium has been in the spotlight since Russian tennis player and former world number one Maria Sharapova tested positive for the drug in January 2016 and was later banned for 15 months. Sharapova said she was unaware that the drug had been added to the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) banned substances list.

This drug is available in which countries
Meldonium is cheap and available over the counter in Russia and some eastern European countries, where it is marketed as Mildronate by the Latvian pharmaceutical firm Grindeks. It is not licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States.