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India's nuclear arsenal now larger than Pakistan's, China far ahead: Report

India's nuclear arsenal now larger than Pakistan's, China far ahead: Report

Representative image (showing a nuclear explosion)

India's nuclear arsenal is now bigger than Pakistan's, with a Swedish think tank claiming that New Delhi had expanded its stockpile to 172 warheads by January 2024. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) said Pakistan's nuclear warheads were 170 in the same month. The report added both South Asian nations continued to expand their arsenal and nuclear delivery systems throughout the last year.

India's focus now on China

The SIPRI report also added that China was far ahead of India in the nuclear race, with its stockpile standing at 500 warheads in January 2024, up from 410 in January last year.

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It added Beijing is continuously expanding its arsenal at the fastest rate in the world. It reported for the first time that China even had some warheads on high operational alert.

The report said while Pakistan remained the top focus of India's nuclear deterrence, the focus is now shifting to the northern neighbour. New Delhi now seems more eager to develop longer-range weapons, including those capable of reaching targets throughout China.

All states expanding their arsenal

Hans Kristensen of SIPRI was quoted by news agency PTI as saying that nearly all nuclear states are expanding their stockpile.

"But in nearly all the nuclear-armed states there are either plans or a significant push to increase nuclear forces," he said.

It said all nuclear states—the US, Russia, the UK, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea and Israel—continued to modernise and expand their nuclear-armed or nuclear-capable weapon systems in 2023. The report said the global stockpile of nuclear warheads was 12,121 in January 2024, of which 9,585 were in military stockpiles for potential use.

The report added Russia and the US possessed almost 90 per cent of the total global nuclear inventory.

"Russia is estimated to have deployed around 36 more warheads with operational forces than in January 2023," SIPRI said.

(With inputs from agencies)