FDA finds contamination in tattoo ink and permanent makeup products of many brands
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The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States has found bacterial contamination in nearly half of permanent makeup (PMU) ink samples and about a quarter of tattoo ink products. The samples also included products frompopular brands that claim to be "sterile."
The scientists tested 75 tattoo and PMU inks for the presence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, the findings of which were published in the Applied and Environmental Microbiology journal on Tuesday (Jul 2).
With the growing trend of using tattoos and PMU inks, the FDA has warned people of contamination in these products which have previously resulted in outbreaks of infections. The FDA also issued guidelines for tattoo ink manufacturers and distributors last year, urging them to take precautions and prevent contamination by microorganisms.
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Researchers examined 49 tattoo ink samples, out of which nine had bacterial growth. While testing for PMU inks, 17 out of 35 were found to be contaminated.
It was also discovered that 35 per centof the sealed and unopened inks which were tested had both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria contamination.
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Aerobic bacteria are bacteria which can survive and grow in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic bacteria can survive even without the presence of oxygen. They can live in the dermal skin layer and injured human tissue.
It is not immediately knownwhich brands were included in the study and whether the FDA took any measures against the brands of which products were found to be contaminated.
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Researchers claim that the sterilisation process undertaken by brands is either ineffective or their claims are false regarding them being "sterile".
Previously, it was believed that tattoo-related infections and complications are caused by allergic and inflammatory reactions due to improper hygiene. However, recent studies have pointed out that contamination of the ink may also be the reason.
(With inputs from agencies)
