How to protect yourself from Black fungus infection? Read on

The second coronavirus wave is slowly subsiding in India. But another challenge has emerged.

Black fungus!

India has now been forced to declare this infection an epidemic. The situation is serious. The infection is scientifically known as Mucormycosis. It's a complication associated with the virus.

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A few cases were reported in New Delhi last month with no loss of lives. Since then the infection has killed atleast 219 people. The case count has reached 7,250. With infections reported in at least 13 states & union territories. Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Telangana are the worst-hit.

Considering the scale of infections the central government has directed all states to declare black fungus as an epidemic. The Health Ministry has asked them to list it under The Epidemic Diseases Act 1897.

This means that every single confirmed or suspected case will directly have to be reported to Union Health Ministry. All hospitals, state and private, will have to follow guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of cases.

Are they prepared? Not really. Several hospitals across India have reported shortage of Amphotericin-B. The medicine is key to curing this infection.

The centre says this shortage will be resolved soon. So far, 6 pharma companies were producing this drug. Now the Centre has given permission to five more manufacturers. It has also placed orders to import 6 lakh vials from abroad. The rising cases and shortages have caused alarm. But it's important to understand that the fungus doesn't infect everyone. So far it is only being reported in some Covid-19 survivors.

Doctors blame the panic use of steroids which made it easier for this fungal infection to spread.

How does it spread?

Mucormycosis is caused by a group of molds called Mucormycetes. These molds exist freely throughout the environment. People get infected when they come in contact or breathe in these fungal molds.

Who is the most vulnerable?

According to the Indian Council of Medical Research, four kinds of people are vulnerable

• Those who used steroids during their Covid treatment and ended up with lower immunity.
• Those who had prolonged stays at hospital ICUs and are yet to recover.
• Those with diabetes or a history of Kidney & Heart failure.
• Those who are on medication for major health problems that reduce their ability to fight pathogens.

What are the symptoms?..

Pain under the eyes, one-sided facial swelling, nasal or sinus congestion, black lesions on nasal bridge, stuffy or bleeding nose, toothache or loosening of teeth, and partial loss of vision.

How do you protect yourself from such an infection?

Experts advise the following steps...

• Wear a mask at all times.
• Wear shoes, long trousers and preferably gloves if you step out into a park or for gardening.
• Maintain personal hygiene including a thorough scrub bath.

As infections rise, India must focus on precaution, judicious use of steroids. And immediate treatment where the fungus is detected.