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In a historic development, scientists in China have reversed the type-2 diabetes using stem-cell therapy, marking a globally significant milestone. The Chinese researchers succeeded after they established stem cell therapy to transplant healthy pancreatic cells to copy the work of insulin that is regulated inside our body. The experiment succeeded for the first time, wherein the patient isn't dependent on injectable insulin or medication while managing their blood sugar. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body is unable to use insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. To manage the condition, patients are often prescribed insulin or other medications. However, once a person becomes insulin dependent, it becomes extremely difficult to restore the normal function of the body, according to a report in the NDTV.<h3>How was type-2 diabetes reversed during experiments?</h3>While reversing type 2 diabetes, researchers involved several key steps. First, researchers obtain stem cells either from the patient or from a donor. These cells are used because of their unique ability to develop into various specialised cell types capable of carrying out specific functions. In laboratory settings, scientists expose the stem cells to targeted chemical and genetic signals that direct them to become pancreatic islet cells, particularly beta cells, which naturally produce insulin. Once reprogrammed, these cells are cultivated into clusters that replicate the structure of healthy pancreatic tissue. These clusters can detect changes in blood glucose levels and release insulin as required. Later, these clusters that produce insulin are transplanted into the body of the patient, most likely in the abdomen. Once inserted, they combined with the blood supply of the patient. But the primary issue experienced is determining whether the cells are accepted or rejected, which will determine the outcome. After transplantation, the newly developed cells begin functioning like healthy pancreatic beta cells, sensing rising blood glucose and releasing insulin as needed to bring sugar levels down naturally. As a result, patients may significantly reduce or no longer need external insulin injections. In the final stage, doctors closely observe patients to confirm that the transplanted cells remain viable, continue producing insulin, and do not cause immune reactions or other complications. Stem cell–based treatment for type 2 diabetes represents a form of regenerative medicine with the potential to offer more personalised and long-term solutions for managing the disease.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientist-claims-heaven-lies-in-the-physical-universe-and-tells-its-exact-location-1771939781638">Scientist claims heaven lies in the physical universe, and tells its EXACT locatio</a>n

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body is unable to use insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. To manage the condition, patients are often prescribed insulin or other medications. 

In a historic development, scientists in China have reversed the type-2 diabetes using stem-cell therapy, marking a globally significant milestone. The Chinese researchers succeeded after they established stem cell therapy to transplant healthy pancreatic cells to copy the work of insulin that is regulated inside our body. The experiment succeeded for the first time, wherein the patient isn't dependent on injectable insulin or medication while managing their blood sugar. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body is unable to use insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. To manage the condition, patients are often prescribed insulin or other medications. However, once a person becomes insulin dependent, it becomes extremely difficult to restore the normal function of the body, according to a report in the NDTV. How was type-2 diabetes reversed during experiments? While reversing type 2 diabetes, researchers involved several key steps. First, researchers obtain stem cells either from the patient or from a donor. These cells are used because of their unique ability to develop into various specialised cell types capable of carrying out specific functions. In laboratory settings, scientists expose the stem cells to targeted chemical and genetic signals that direct them to become pancreatic islet cells, particularly beta cells, which naturally produce insulin. Once reprogrammed, these cells are cultivated into clusters that replicate the structure of healthy pancreatic tissue. These clusters can detect changes in blood glucose levels and release insulin as required. Later, these clusters that produce insulin are transplanted into the body of the patient, most likely in the abdomen. Once inserted, they combined with the blood supply of the patient. But the primary issue experienced is determining whether the cells are accepted or rejected, which will determine the outcome. After transplantation, the newly developed cells begin functioning like healthy pancreatic beta cells, sensing rising blood glucose and releasing insulin as needed to bring sugar levels down naturally. As a result, patients may significantly reduce or no longer need external insulin injections. In the final stage, doctors closely observe patients to confirm that the transplanted cells remain viable, continue producing insulin, and do not cause immune reactions or other complications. Stem cell–based treatment for type 2 diabetes represents a form of regenerative medicine with the potential to offer more personalised and long-term solutions for managing the disease. Also read: Scientist claims heaven lies in the physical universe, and tells its EXACT location

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body is unable to use insulin effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. To manage the condition, patients are often prescribed insulin or other medications.&nbsp;

Hope for millions? China shocks the world with breakthrough diabetes cure: Here's how it succeeded

Across India, food is deeply connected to culture, tradition, and daily life. Yet an uncomfortable reality is emerging: many commonly consumed foods are increasingly compromised by adulteration, contamination, and excessive industrial processing. What was once viewed as isolated malpractice is now being recognised as a systemic vulnerability within the modern food supply chain. Milk, paneer, spices, vegetables, eggs, meat, fish, and packaged foods, items consumed daily by millions, are under growing scientific scrutiny. Public-health experts warn that unsafe food exposure is becoming a major contributor to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. This is a study by Dr. Naval Kumar Verma, MD (Hom), Hon PhD (Doctor of Science), Global Wellness (AYUSH), and a food safety expert<h2>The expanding scope of food adulteration</h2>Food adulteration in India is no longer limited to sporadic incidents. Surveillance reports, food testing data, and regulatory findings indicate recurring lapses at multiple stages of production and distribution.&nbsp;Products frequently flagged include:• Milk, curd, paneer, and ghee • Spices and blended condiments • Fruits and vegetables exposed to pesticide residues • Eggs, poultry, meat, fish, and seafood • Packaged and processed ready-to-eat products&nbsp;The concern is structural rather than individual. From animal feed and farm inputs to processing facilities, cold-chain storage, and retail handling, weaknesses across the supply chain allow contamination risks to persist. Scientific assessments have reported antibiotic residues, hormonal growth stimulants, and microbial contamination, including Salmonella and E. coli, in egg production systems. Chemical traces originating from poultry feed further complicate safety concerns. Chronic exposure to such residues may contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), disruption of gut microbiota, and persistent low-grade inflammation.<h2>Poultry and meat</h2>In many industrial systems, antibiotics are used not only for treatment but also for growth promotion. Excessive or irrational use increases the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria entering the human food chain. Inadequate slaughter hygiene and the addition of chemical preservatives to extend shelf life add further risks. The World Health Organization recognises antimicrobial resistance linked to animal agriculture as one of the most serious global health threats, affecting infection management and modern medical care.<h2>Fish and seafood</h2>Reports frequently highlight artificial preservation using chemicals such as formalin, as well as contamination from heavy metals, including mercury and cadmium. Fish sourced from polluted waters may accumulate toxins over time, posing neurological, hormonal, and long-term cancer risks.<h2>Ultra-processed foods and metabolic disruption</h2>Beyond contamination, another major concern is the rapid expansion of ultra-processed foods. These products, whether vegetarian or non-vegetarian, are typically characterised by:• Refined carbohydrates • Industrially modified fats • High sodium content • Synthetic additives and stabilisers • Low fibre and micronutrient density&nbsp;Research increasingly links high consumption of ultra-processed foods to obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disorders, and certain cancers. Large international cohort studies suggest that these risks persist even when total calorie intake is controlled. Ultra-processed diets can alter gut microbiota composition, promote abnormal fat storage, and accelerate biological ageing.<h2>Food adulteration as chronic biological stress</h2>Unsafe food should not be viewed merely as a regulatory violation. Repeated low-dose exposure to contaminants acts as sustained biological stress.Key mechanisms involved include:• Oxidative stress • Endocrine disruption • Chronic systemic inflammation • DNA damage • Impaired immune response&nbsp;These pathways form the biological foundation of many modern chronic diseases, including autoimmune conditions, infertility, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancers.<h2>The link to India’s rising disease burden</h2>India is experiencing an earlier onset of diabetes and obesity, an increase in hormone-related and digestive cancers, and a surge in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While genetics play a role, environmental and dietary factors are central drivers. International health agencies emphasise that unsafe, ultra-processed, and contaminated food systems are closely intertwined with the global epidemic of NCDs. The growing burden of chronic disease suggests that food safety must be treated as a preventive healthcare priority, not merely a commercial regulation issue.<h2>Global best practices in food governance</h2>Countries with stronger public-health outcomes implement comprehensive food safety strategies, including:• Rigorous monitoring of antibiotic residues • Farm-to-plate traceability systems • Rapid recall and food alert mechanisms • Clear front-of-pack nutritional warning labels • Restrictions on marketing highly processed foodsThese measures recognise food as a public-health intervention rather than solely a market commodity. Nutritional policy must prioritise purity, safety, and long-term metabolic outcomes, not just caloric availability. Animal-based foods should adhere to strict residue limits and responsible farming standards aligned with human health protection.<h2>Reduction in ultra-processing</h2>Industrial formulations that disrupt endocrine and metabolic balance require stronger regulation and consumer awareness. Traditional dietary systems emphasise seasonal eating, digestive strength, and individual constitution. Emerging microbiome and systems-biology research increasingly validates these principles.<h2>Cancer prevention through food policy</h2>Healthcare systems manage disease; food policy has the power to prevent it.What citizens can do:<ul><li>Choose fresh, minimally processed, and traceable foods</li><li>&nbsp;Limit consumption of packaged and processed meats</li><li>&nbsp;Reduce refined and high-carbohydrate packaged products</li><li>&nbsp;Support responsibly sourced, antibiotic-free animal products</li><li>&nbsp;Demand transparency, testing, and stronger enforcement</li></ul><h2>Conclusion</h2>Food adulteration and ultra-processed dietary patterns represent a significant public-health challenge in India. The evidence indicates that unsafe food contributes to inflammation, and chronic inflammation drives non-communicable diseases and cancer. The future of public health will depend not only on hospitals and medicines, but on the integrity of the food system itself. Strengthening regulation, improving transparency, and promoting informed dietary choices are essential steps toward reversing this silent crisis.

India's food safety crisis: How contaminated and ultra-processed foods threaten public health

Across India, food is deeply connected to culture, tradition, and daily life. Yet an uncomfortable reality is emerging: many commonly consumed foods are increasingly compromised by adulteration, contamination, and excessive industrial processing. What was once viewed as isolated malpractice is now being recognised as a systemic vulnerability within the modern food supply chain. Milk, paneer, spices, vegetables, eggs, meat, fish, and packaged foods, items consumed daily by millions, are under growing scientific scrutiny. Public-health experts warn that unsafe food exposure is becoming a major contributor to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. This is a study by Dr. Naval Kumar Verma, MD (Hom), Hon PhD (Doctor of Science), Global Wellness (AYUSH), and a food safety expert The expanding scope of food adulteration Food adulteration in India is no longer limited to sporadic incidents. Surveillance reports, food testing data, and regulatory findings indicate recurring lapses at multiple stages of production and distribution. Products frequently flagged include: • Milk, curd, paneer, and ghee • Spices and blended condiments • Fruits and vegetables exposed to pesticide residues • Eggs, poultry, meat, fish, and seafood • Packaged and processed ready-to-eat products The concern is structural rather than individual. From animal feed and farm inputs to processing facilities, cold-chain storage, and retail handling, weaknesses across the supply chain allow contamination risks to persist. Scientific assessments have reported antibiotic residues, hormonal growth stimulants, and microbial contamination, including Salmonella and E. coli, in egg production systems. Chemical traces originating from poultry feed further complicate safety concerns. Chronic exposure to such residues may contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), disruption of gut microbiota, and persistent low-grade inflammation. Poultry and meat In many industrial systems, antibiotics are used not only for treatment but also for growth promotion. Excessive or irrational use increases the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria entering the human food chain. Inadequate slaughter hygiene and the addition of chemical preservatives to extend shelf life add further risks. The World Health Organization recognises antimicrobial resistance linked to animal agriculture as one of the most serious global health threats, affecting infection management and modern medical care. Fish and seafood Reports frequently highlight artificial preservation using chemicals such as formalin, as well as contamination from heavy metals, including mercury and cadmium. Fish sourced from polluted waters may accumulate toxins over time, posing neurological, hormonal, and long-term cancer risks. Ultra-processed foods and metabolic disruption Beyond contamination, another major concern is the rapid expansion of ultra-processed foods. These products, whether vegetarian or non-vegetarian, are typically characterised by: • Refined carbohydrates • Industrially modified fats • High sodium content • Synthetic additives and stabilisers • Low fibre and micronutrient density Research increasingly links high consumption of ultra-processed foods to obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disorders, and certain cancers. Large international cohort studies suggest that these risks persist even when total calorie intake is controlled. Ultra-processed diets can alter gut microbiota composition, promote abnormal fat storage, and accelerate biological ageing. Food adulteration as chronic biological stress Unsafe food should not be viewed merely as a regulatory violation. Repeated low-dose exposure to contaminants acts as sustained biological stress. Key mechanisms involved include: • Oxidative stress • Endocrine disruption • Chronic systemic inflammation • DNA damage • Impaired immune response These pathways form the biological foundation of many modern chronic diseases, including autoimmune conditions, infertility, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancers. The link to India’s rising disease burden India is experiencing an earlier onset of diabetes and obesity, an increase in hormone-related and digestive cancers, and a surge in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While genetics play a role, environmental and dietary factors are central drivers. International health agencies emphasise that unsafe, ultra-processed, and contaminated food systems are closely intertwined with the global epidemic of NCDs. The growing burden of chronic disease suggests that food safety must be treated as a preventive healthcare priority, not merely a commercial regulation issue. Global best practices in food governance Countries with stronger public-health outcomes implement comprehensive food safety strategies, including: • Rigorous monitoring of antibiotic residues • Farm-to-plate traceability systems • Rapid recall and food alert mechanisms • Clear front-of-pack nutritional warning labels • Restrictions on marketing highly processed foods These measures recognise food as a public-health intervention rather than solely a market commodity. Nutritional policy must prioritise purity, safety, and long-term metabolic outcomes, not just caloric availability. Animal-based foods should adhere to strict residue limits and responsible farming standards aligned with human health protection. Reduction in ultra-processing Industrial formulations that disrupt endocrine and metabolic balance require stronger regulation and consumer awareness. Traditional dietary systems emphasise seasonal eating, digestive strength, and individual constitution. Emerging microbiome and systems-biology research increasingly validates these principles. Cancer prevention through food policy Healthcare systems manage disease; food policy has the power to prevent it. What citizens can do: Choose fresh, minimally processed, and traceable foods Limit consumption of packaged and processed meats Reduce refined and high-carbohydrate packaged products Support responsibly sourced, antibiotic-free animal products Demand transparency, testing, and stronger enforcement Conclusion Food adulteration and ultra-processed dietary patterns represent a significant public-health challenge in India. The evidence indicates that unsafe food contributes to inflammation, and chronic inflammation drives non-communicable diseases and cancer. The future of public health will depend not only on hospitals and medicines, but on the integrity of the food system itself. Strengthening regulation, improving transparency, and promoting informed dietary choices are essential steps toward reversing this silent crisis.

Widespread food adulteration and ultra-processed diets are driving inflammation, antimicrobial resistance, and rising chronic diseases in India

Persistent joint pain is frequently brushed aside as a byproduct of ageing, long workdays, or everyday wear and tear. It is also often associated with fatigue, ageing, or daily strain. However, when there’s no history of injury, then such discomfort might be an early warning sign of arthritis that needs timely attention.&nbsp;The most affected parts of the joints in the legs are the knee and hip, which can also affect younger individuals, particularly those who have a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders.&nbsp;According to Dr Gaurav Bhardwaj, Director, Sports &amp; Joint Replacement Surgery at PSRI Multi-Speciality Hospital, Sheikh Sarai–II, New Delhi, unexplained joint pain may point to the early stages of arthritis, a progressive disease that can severely impact mobility and quality of life if left untreated.&nbsp;"Joint pain is often associated with fatigue, ageing, or daily strain, but when there’s no history of injury, issues like these should not be ignored. Such discomfort may be an early warning sign of arthritis, which is a progressive joint disease that can significantly affect mobility and quality of life if left untreated," Dr Gaurav Bhardwaj said.&nbsp;"The knee and hip are the most affected joints, especially in older adults, but arthritis is a condition that can also affect younger individuals, particularly those with a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders. Inflammatory types of arthritis may additionally lead to fatigue, generalised stiffness, and low-grade fever, indicating involvement beyond the joints," he added.<h3>Some of the notable early signs are as follows:</h3>1. Gradual onset of joint pain: Pain that worsens with daily activities and does not subside easily, often starting as occasional discomfort and gradually becoming more persistent, especially after walking, climbing stairs, or prolonged standing. 2. Morning stiffness or stiffness after rest: Difficulty initiating movement after waking up or sitting for long periods, with the joint feeling tight or heavy before slowly loosening with activity. 3. Swelling or tenderness around joints: Sometimes accompanied by warmth or mild redness, reflecting inflammation inside the joint that may cause visible puffiness and sensitivity to touch. 4. Reduced range of motion: A feeling of restriction while bending or moving the joint, limiting flexibility and making simple actions like squatting, turning, or gripping objects uncomfortable. 5. Grating or clicking sensations: A grinding sound or feeling inside the joint during movement, which may indicate early cartilage degeneration or irregular joint surfaces.&nbsp;Dr Bhardwaj stressed that early diagnosis plays a significant role in de-escalating the disease. With timely intervention, symptoms can often be managed through physiotherapy, weight control, lifestyle modifications, medications, and activity regulation, allowing patients to retain mobility and independence.&nbsp;"Surgery becomes a viable option when arthritis worsens and starts to significantly interfere with day-to-day activities. The treatment of advanced arthritis has been revolutionised by robotic arm-assisted joint replacement surgery. A customised 3D plan of the patient's joint is made using detailed imaging before surgery. To remove damaged bones and cartilage and precisely position the artificial implant during the procedure, the surgeon uses a robotic arm. This methodical approach attemptsprecise alignment, preserves healthy tissue, minimises surgical trauma, and enhances joint function and stability," he further added.&nbsp;This approach aims for accurate alignment, preservation of healthy tissue, reduced surgical trauma, and improved joint stability and function. Patients often experience less pain, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and longer-lasting implant performance. Dr Bhardwaj cautioned that persistent joint pain should not be dismissed as a normal part of ageing. Recognising early symptoms and seeking prompt medical care can help preserve joint health, prevent irreversible damage, and restore an active, pain-free life.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/the-whatsapp-fertility-doctor-why-unqualified-advice-travels-faster-than-evidence-1770033987435">The WhatsApp fertility doctor: Why unqualified advice travels faster than evidence</a>

The most affected parts of the joints in the legs are the knee and hip, which can also affect younger individuals, particularly those who have a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders.

Persistent joint pain is frequently brushed aside as a byproduct of ageing, long workdays, or everyday wear and tear. It is also often associated with fatigue, ageing, or daily strain. However, when there’s no history of injury, then such discomfort might be an early warning sign of arthritis that needs timely attention. The most affected parts of the joints in the legs are the knee and hip, which can also affect younger individuals, particularly those who have a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders. According to Dr Gaurav Bhardwaj, Director, Sports & Joint Replacement Surgery at PSRI Multi-Speciality Hospital, Sheikh Sarai–II, New Delhi, unexplained joint pain may point to the early stages of arthritis, a progressive disease that can severely impact mobility and quality of life if left untreated. "Joint pain is often associated with fatigue, ageing, or daily strain, but when there’s no history of injury, issues like these should not be ignored. Such discomfort may be an early warning sign of arthritis, which is a progressive joint disease that can significantly affect mobility and quality of life if left untreated," Dr Gaurav Bhardwaj said. "The knee and hip are the most affected joints, especially in older adults, but arthritis is a condition that can also affect younger individuals, particularly those with a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders. Inflammatory types of arthritis may additionally lead to fatigue, generalised stiffness, and low-grade fever, indicating involvement beyond the joints," he added. Some of the notable early signs are as follows: 1. Gradual onset of joint pain: Pain that worsens with daily activities and does not subside easily, often starting as occasional discomfort and gradually becoming more persistent, especially after walking, climbing stairs, or prolonged standing. 2. Morning stiffness or stiffness after rest: Difficulty initiating movement after waking up or sitting for long periods, with the joint feeling tight or heavy before slowly loosening with activity. 3. Swelling or tenderness around joints: Sometimes accompanied by warmth or mild redness, reflecting inflammation inside the joint that may cause visible puffiness and sensitivity to touch. 4. Reduced range of motion: A feeling of restriction while bending or moving the joint, limiting flexibility and making simple actions like squatting, turning, or gripping objects uncomfortable. 5. Grating or clicking sensations: A grinding sound or feeling inside the joint during movement, which may indicate early cartilage degeneration or irregular joint surfaces. Dr Bhardwaj stressed that early diagnosis plays a significant role in de-escalating the disease. With timely intervention, symptoms can often be managed through physiotherapy, weight control, lifestyle modifications, medications, and activity regulation, allowing patients to retain mobility and independence. "Surgery becomes a viable option when arthritis worsens and starts to significantly interfere with day-to-day activities. The treatment of advanced arthritis has been revolutionised by robotic arm-assisted joint replacement surgery. A customised 3D plan of the patient's joint is made using detailed imaging before surgery. To remove damaged bones and cartilage and precisely position the artificial implant during the procedure, the surgeon uses a robotic arm. This methodical approach attemptsprecise alignment, preserves healthy tissue, minimises surgical trauma, and enhances joint function and stability," he further added. This approach aims for accurate alignment, preservation of healthy tissue, reduced surgical trauma, and improved joint stability and function. Patients often experience less pain, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and longer-lasting implant performance. Dr Bhardwaj cautioned that persistent joint pain should not be dismissed as a normal part of ageing. Recognising early symptoms and seeking prompt medical care can help preserve joint health, prevent irreversible damage, and restore an active, pain-free life. Also read: The WhatsApp fertility doctor: Why unqualified advice travels faster than evidence

The most affected parts of the joints in the legs are the knee and hip, which can also affect younger individuals, particularly those who have a genetic history, obesity, a history of joint injury, or metabolic disorders.

Persistent joint pain without injury: Early warning signs you shouldn’t ignore

The shocking case surrounding the suicide of three minor sisters in Uttar Pradesh’s Ghaziabad has shaken the entire nation, with concerns raised about the online safety of minors and the popularity of Korean culture. On Tuesday (Feb 4), three girls, aged 16, 14 and 12, tragically died after jumping off the ninth floor of their residential building. The incident has opened broader debates after their obsession with Korean culture and online task-based game came to light.The diary left behind by them revealed disturbing details. They described their love for Korean culture and how much it mattered to them, adding that it was a huge part of their lives and they felt a strong emotional connection to the actors and music they followed.<h2>How do addictions build up in children?</h2>However, these addictions don’t build up overnight. Ananya Murkute, Counselling Psychologist at Cankids KidScan, explained how children can fall into a trap of any addiction. “Nowadays, most families are nuclear, where both parents are working and busy with their hectic schedules. In such scenarios, many parents are unable to spend quality time with their children. Because of this, children may end up feeling lonely,” she said.Murkute further explained, “To combat this loneliness, they fall into habits like playing games online, talking to strangers online, etc. These habits give their brains temporary dopamine (A chemical that makes humans feel happy). This vicious cycle of feeling lonely and then looking for temporary dopamine is how children fall into the trap of any addiction.”<h2>Are task-based games riskier?</h2>She highlighted how task-based games like the Korean Love Game, which the Ghaziabad sisters played, can be riskier than other games. She noted that these games do not differentiate between healthy and unhealthy tasks and can push children to complete the task to feel self-satisfied.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/-death-would-be-better-ghaziabad-sisters-suicide-note-reveals-korean-obsession-beatings-1770274730080">‘Death would be better...’: Ghaziabad sisters’ suicide note reveals Korean obsession, beatings</a>“The human brain is actually designed to feel self-satisfied and fulfilled. These task-based games make children feel fulfilled when they complete a certain task,” she said. “These task-based games are dangerous because they do not differentiate between healthy and unhealthy tasks. As a result, our children, too, without thinking twice, just try to complete the task for that feeling of self-satisfaction.”<h2>How to identify patterns of online gaming addiction in children?</h2>While in many cases, like the recent case involving the three sisters, these addictions creep up quietly, there are certain signs that can help in identifying patterns of such dangerous addictions in children.According to Murkute that early signs may involve children playing games on mobile the whole day, and they are not able to function if they are not given access to mobiles. Another possible indicator may be that their self-esteem dips if they do not win in these games. Children prefer playing games instead of talking to people, and family in real life can also be an early warning sign.<h2>What can parents do?</h2>Murkute suggested what parents can do to prevent their children from falling into dangerous addictions. “Try to take out some time every day for your kids and let them know you are there for them. ⁠Do not create fear in them about parents. Instead, try to be friendly with them and let them know that they can share anything with you. Be emotionally present for them,” she said.“⁠Try to set a boundary around their screen time and have healthy discussions with them about why mobiles are not good for them. Try to channelise their energies into some hobby classes,” she added.

A tragic incident involving minors has reignited concerns over children’s online safety, gaming addiction and emotional isolation, highlighting the need for parental involvement, awareness and healthier digital boundaries.

The shocking case surrounding the suicide of three minor sisters in Uttar Pradesh’s Ghaziabad has shaken the entire nation, with concerns raised about the online safety of minors and the popularity of Korean culture. On Tuesday (Feb 4), three girls, aged 16, 14 and 12, tragically died after jumping off the ninth floor of their residential building. The incident has opened broader debates after their obsession with Korean culture and online task-based game came to light. The diary left behind by them revealed disturbing details. They described their love for Korean culture and how much it mattered to them, adding that it was a huge part of their lives and they felt a strong emotional connection to the actors and music they followed. How do addictions build up in children? However, these addictions don’t build up overnight. Ananya Murkute, Counselling Psychologist at Cankids KidScan, explained how children can fall into a trap of any addiction. “Nowadays, most families are nuclear, where both parents are working and busy with their hectic schedules. In such scenarios, many parents are unable to spend quality time with their children. Because of this, children may end up feeling lonely,” she said. Murkute further explained, “To combat this loneliness, they fall into habits like playing games online, talking to strangers online, etc. These habits give their brains temporary dopamine (A chemical that makes humans feel happy). This vicious cycle of feeling lonely and then looking for temporary dopamine is how children fall into the trap of any addiction.” Are task-based games riskier? She highlighted how task-based games like the Korean Love Game, which the Ghaziabad sisters played, can be riskier than other games. She noted that these games do not differentiate between healthy and unhealthy tasks and can push children to complete the task to feel self-satisfied. Also read | ‘Death would be better...’: Ghaziabad sisters’ suicide note reveals Korean obsession, beatings “The human brain is actually designed to feel self-satisfied and fulfilled. These task-based games make children feel fulfilled when they complete a certain task,” she said. “These task-based games are dangerous because they do not differentiate between healthy and unhealthy tasks. As a result, our children, too, without thinking twice, just try to complete the task for that feeling of self-satisfaction.” How to identify patterns of online gaming addiction in children? While in many cases, like the recent case involving the three sisters, these addictions creep up quietly, there are certain signs that can help in identifying patterns of such dangerous addictions in children. According to Murkute that early signs may involve children playing games on mobile the whole day, and they are not able to function if they are not given access to mobiles. Another possible indicator may be that their self-esteem dips if they do not win in these games. Children prefer playing games instead of talking to people, and family in real life can also be an early warning sign. What can parents do? Murkute suggested what parents can do to prevent their children from falling into dangerous addictions. “Try to take out some time every day for your kids and let them know you are there for them. ⁠Do not create fear in them about parents. Instead, try to be friendly with them and let them know that they can share anything with you. Be emotionally present for them,” she said. “⁠Try to set a boundary around their screen time and have healthy discussions with them about why mobiles are not good for them. Try to channelise their energies into some hobby classes,” she added.

A tragic incident involving minors has reignited concerns over children’s online safety, gaming addiction and emotional isolation, highlighting the need for parental involvement, awareness and healthier digital boundaries.

When online games turn deadly: What Ghaziabad sisters’ tragedy tells us about dark side of online gaming addiction

World Cancer Day is commemorated annually on 4th February to bring awareness among people globally about cancer, highlighting the importance of early detection, prevention, and encouraging access to treatment and care. World Cancer Day helps unite individuals, communities, and governments across the country to take action against one of the leading causes of death globally.&nbsp;On this occasion, we will try to understand how early diagnosis remains the strongest weapon against cancer, helping people to fight in the early stages. When detected early, treatment is more effective, less aggressive, and survival rates among people improve. Awareness of symptoms, timely screening, and access to evidence-based medicine can transform outcomes across populations, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery.<h3>Early detection reduces aggressive therapies</h3>Emphasising the need for early detection and highlighting the broader benefits, Dr Harjot Kaur Bajwa, Senior Consultant Radiation Oncologist at the American Oncology Institute, Hyderabad, stated that when cancer is identified at an early stage, it is often confined to a specific area, making it more responsive to treatment and reducing the need for aggressive therapies.&nbsp;“When cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, it is often localised, making it far more responsive to treatment and significantly improving the chances of long-term survival. Early-stage cancers typically require less aggressive therapies, helping patients avoid the physical strain and long-term side effects commonly associated with advanced disease," she said.&nbsp;"Timely diagnosis also enables clinicians to plan treatment in a more structured, precise, and personalised manner, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery. Importantly, when cancer is detected early, advanced treatment technologies can be used to their full potential. Modern radiotherapy, for instance, can be delivered with high precision and minimal disruption—effectively targeting tumours while sparing healthy tissues and allowing patients to maintain their daily routines," Dr Harjot Kaur Bajwa added.&nbsp;She stated that early detection helps reduce emotional stress and financial burden, shifting cancer care from crisis management to proactive intervention. Bajwa further added that timely medical consultation and regular screenings can save people from life-threatening illnesses.&nbsp;"From the patient’s perspective, early detection reduces emotional distress and financial burden, as prolonged hospital stays and complex interventions are often avoidable. Most importantly, it shifts cancer care from crisis management to proactive intervention. Regular screenings, awareness of early warning signs, and timely medical consultation can mean the difference between a curable condition and a life-threatening illness," Bajwa said. &nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/the-whatsapp-fertility-doctor-why-unqualified-advice-travels-faster-than-evidence-1770033987435">The WhatsApp fertility doctor: Why unqualified advice travels faster than evidence</a>

World Cancer Day: Awareness of symptoms of cancer, its timely screening, and access to evidence-based medicine can transform outcomes across populations, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery.

World Cancer Day is commemorated annually on 4th February to bring awareness among people globally about cancer, highlighting the importance of early detection, prevention, and encouraging access to treatment and care. World Cancer Day helps unite individuals, communities, and governments across the country to take action against one of the leading causes of death globally. On this occasion, we will try to understand how early diagnosis remains the strongest weapon against cancer, helping people to fight in the early stages. When detected early, treatment is more effective, less aggressive, and survival rates among people improve. Awareness of symptoms, timely screening, and access to evidence-based medicine can transform outcomes across populations, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery. Early detection reduces aggressive therapies Emphasising the need for early detection and highlighting the broader benefits, Dr Harjot Kaur Bajwa, Senior Consultant Radiation Oncologist at the American Oncology Institute, Hyderabad, stated that when cancer is identified at an early stage, it is often confined to a specific area, making it more responsive to treatment and reducing the need for aggressive therapies. “When cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, it is often localised, making it far more responsive to treatment and significantly improving the chances of long-term survival. Early-stage cancers typically require less aggressive therapies, helping patients avoid the physical strain and long-term side effects commonly associated with advanced disease," she said. "Timely diagnosis also enables clinicians to plan treatment in a more structured, precise, and personalised manner, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery. Importantly, when cancer is detected early, advanced treatment technologies can be used to their full potential. Modern radiotherapy, for instance, can be delivered with high precision and minimal disruption—effectively targeting tumours while sparing healthy tissues and allowing patients to maintain their daily routines," Dr Harjot Kaur Bajwa added. She stated that early detection helps reduce emotional stress and financial burden, shifting cancer care from crisis management to proactive intervention. Bajwa further added that timely medical consultation and regular screenings can save people from life-threatening illnesses. "From the patient’s perspective, early detection reduces emotional distress and financial burden, as prolonged hospital stays and complex interventions are often avoidable. Most importantly, it shifts cancer care from crisis management to proactive intervention. Regular screenings, awareness of early warning signs, and timely medical consultation can mean the difference between a curable condition and a life-threatening illness," Bajwa said. Also read: The WhatsApp fertility doctor: Why unqualified advice travels faster than evidence

World Cancer Day: Awareness of symptoms of cancer, its timely screening, and access to evidence-based medicine can transform outcomes across populations, reducing complications and supporting faster recovery.

World Cancer Day: Why early detection remains the most powerful tool in saving lives from cancer

Unqualified health advice, often transferred through social media, especially WhatsApp, by non-medical professionals, spreads rapidly in the context of infertility due to emotional urgency. Over half of social media users seeking information related to fertility issues are exposed to misinformation, with only a small fraction of posts being credible.&nbsp;In response to the information, several leading fertility specialist has warned that unverified medical advice circulating on WhatsApp or other social media means is increasingly shaping fertility decisions in India, often delaying timely diagnosis and evidence-based treatment.&nbsp;Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility &amp; IVF, Mumbai, stated that informal advice shared through family groups and personal networks frequently reaches couples before they consult a doctor, influencing critical choices during their most fertile years.&nbsp;"The most influential fertility advice in India today is not delivered in a clinic. It arrives with a notification, often late at night or early morning, forwarded through family WhatsApp groups or shared by a well-meaning friend who “knows someone this worked for.” It may come as a voice note, a screenshot, or a confidently worded paragraph ending with: “Doctors won’t tell you this.” By the time a couple reaches a fertility clinic, many have already been treated, just not by a science-backed formula. This seemingly harmless trend shapes decisions, delays diagnosis, and in some cases, costs people their most fertile years," Dr Navina Singh said.<h3>Why does WhatsApp advice feel more trustworthy than doctors'?</h3>Dr Singh stated that unverified fertility advice is transferred quickly on social media as people feel personal. The advice is considered as lived experience rather than theory, and it often offers certainty where medicine offers nuance. “Do this for three months,” “Avoid IVF till 35,” or “Fix your hormones naturally first” are certain messages that reassure people in their emotionally uncertain phase, Singh said.&nbsp;Highlighting a 2018 study, she confirmed that people often trust anecdotal evidence over statistical data when decisions come with emotion and risk. "Medical evidence evolves slowly. WhatsApp forwards do not. The louder, simpler, and more absolute the claim, the faster it spreads. Platforms reward engagement, not accuracy, and fertility misinformation performs exceptionally well because it promises control over something deeply unpredictable. A 2020 WHO report on health misinformation noted that false medical information spreads significantly faster than factual content, particularly in areas related to reproduction, hormones, and lifestyle disease. Fertility advice fits neatly into this pattern," she added.<h3>The cost of delay is often invisible</h3>The doctor indicated that even assisted treatments, such as IVF, become less effective as age increases or valuable time is lost. One of the most harmful outcomes of relying on WhatsApp-driven fertility advice is delayed medical care. The decline in egg quality with age occurs gradually but cannot be reversed, and conditions like endometriosis, reduced ovarian reserve, or male factor infertility often progress silently without obvious early symptoms.&nbsp;"Data from the Indian Society of Assisted Reproduction shows that a significant proportion of couples seek specialist care only after two to more years of unsuccessful attempts – often after trying multiple alternative or informal interventions. By the time they reach a fertility specialist, not only may natural conception be more difficult, but even assisted treatments like IVF tend to show lower success rates with advancing age. As a result, treatment pathways may become narrower, more complex, and emotionally more demanding than they might have been with earlier intervention," she said.<h3>Why does evidence feel less convincing than a forward?</h3>Dr Navina Singh further underscored that scientific evidence always offers complete answers. However, it still depends on probabilities, ranges, and individual differences. This make feel less satisfied than a simple success story shared online. But surprisingly, this caution is essential because everybody is different, fertility journeys vary, and what benefits one couple may destroy another.&nbsp;"Large-scale studies consistently emphasise early evaluation rather than prolonged trial-and-error approaches, especially when age or symptoms are already known risk factors," she said.<h3>Reclaiming the narrative around fertility care</h3>She further explained that the answer lies not in fear or dismissal, but in literacy. Fertility care works best when decisions are informed, timely, and personalised. Clinics do not compete with WhatsApp forwards on speed, but they must compete on clarity and trust. For individuals considering IVF or even early evaluation, the most valuable advice is rarely the most viral. It is the one that asks questions, reviews evidence, and adapts to the person, not the group chat. &nbsp;

Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility & IVF, Mumbai, stated that informal advice shared through family groups and personal networks frequently reaches couples before they consult a doctor, influencing critical choices during their most fertile years.

Unqualified health advice, often transferred through social media, especially WhatsApp, by non-medical professionals, spreads rapidly in the context of infertility due to emotional urgency. Over half of social media users seeking information related to fertility issues are exposed to misinformation, with only a small fraction of posts being credible. In response to the information, several leading fertility specialist has warned that unverified medical advice circulating on WhatsApp or other social media means is increasingly shaping fertility decisions in India, often delaying timely diagnosis and evidence-based treatment. Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility & IVF, Mumbai, stated that informal advice shared through family groups and personal networks frequently reaches couples before they consult a doctor, influencing critical choices during their most fertile years. "The most influential fertility advice in India today is not delivered in a clinic. It arrives with a notification, often late at night or early morning, forwarded through family WhatsApp groups or shared by a well-meaning friend who “knows someone this worked for.” It may come as a voice note, a screenshot, or a confidently worded paragraph ending with: “Doctors won’t tell you this.” By the time a couple reaches a fertility clinic, many have already been treated, just not by a science-backed formula. This seemingly harmless trend shapes decisions, delays diagnosis, and in some cases, costs people their most fertile years," Dr Navina Singh said. Why does WhatsApp advice feel more trustworthy than doctors'? Dr Singh stated that unverified fertility advice is transferred quickly on social media as people feel personal. The advice is considered as lived experience rather than theory, and it often offers certainty where medicine offers nuance. “Do this for three months,” “Avoid IVF till 35,” or “Fix your hormones naturally first” are certain messages that reassure people in their emotionally uncertain phase, Singh said. Highlighting a 2018 study, she confirmed that people often trust anecdotal evidence over statistical data when decisions come with emotion and risk. "Medical evidence evolves slowly. WhatsApp forwards do not. The louder, simpler, and more absolute the claim, the faster it spreads. Platforms reward engagement, not accuracy, and fertility misinformation performs exceptionally well because it promises control over something deeply unpredictable. A 2020 WHO report on health misinformation noted that false medical information spreads significantly faster than factual content, particularly in areas related to reproduction, hormones, and lifestyle disease. Fertility advice fits neatly into this pattern," she added. The cost of delay is often invisible The doctor indicated that even assisted treatments, such as IVF, become less effective as age increases or valuable time is lost. One of the most harmful outcomes of relying on WhatsApp-driven fertility advice is delayed medical care. The decline in egg quality with age occurs gradually but cannot be reversed, and conditions like endometriosis, reduced ovarian reserve, or male factor infertility often progress silently without obvious early symptoms. "Data from the Indian Society of Assisted Reproduction shows that a significant proportion of couples seek specialist care only after two to more years of unsuccessful attempts – often after trying multiple alternative or informal interventions. By the time they reach a fertility specialist, not only may natural conception be more difficult, but even assisted treatments like IVF tend to show lower success rates with advancing age. As a result, treatment pathways may become narrower, more complex, and emotionally more demanding than they might have been with earlier intervention," she said. Why does evidence feel less convincing than a forward? Dr Navina Singh further underscored that scientific evidence always offers complete answers. However, it still depends on probabilities, ranges, and individual differences. This make feel less satisfied than a simple success story shared online. But surprisingly, this caution is essential because everybody is different, fertility journeys vary, and what benefits one couple may destroy another. "Large-scale studies consistently emphasise early evaluation rather than prolonged trial-and-error approaches, especially when age or symptoms are already known risk factors," she said. Reclaiming the narrative around fertility care She further explained that the answer lies not in fear or dismissal, but in literacy. Fertility care works best when decisions are informed, timely, and personalised. Clinics do not compete with WhatsApp forwards on speed, but they must compete on clarity and trust. For individuals considering IVF or even early evaluation, the most valuable advice is rarely the most viral. It is the one that asks questions, reviews evidence, and adapts to the person, not the group chat.

Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility &amp; IVF, Mumbai, stated that informal advice shared through family groups and personal networks frequently reaches couples before they consult a doctor, influencing critical choices during their most fertile years.

The WhatsApp fertility doctor: Why unqualified advice travels faster than evidence

The Supreme Court of India has held that administering stem cell therapy for the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unethical and amounts to medical malpractice if it is outside an approved and monitored clinical trial. A bench of Justices JB Pardiwala and R Mahadevan ruled that stem cell therapy is not recognised as a sound and relevant medical practice due to the lack of scientific support and empirical evidence on its efficacy.“Therefore, every use of stem cells in patients outside an approved clinical trial is unethical and shall be considered as malpractice,” the Supreme Court ruled.The stem cell therapy is permissible only for approved and monitored clinical trials with the intent to advance science, the bench added.&nbsp;&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-slams-powell-says-unnecessary-high-interest-rates-hurting-economy-national-security-1769702026051">Trump slams Powell, says unnecessary high interest rates hurting economy, national security</a><h2>‘Mere classification of stem cells as drugs not enough’</h2>&nbsp;The court also made it clear that the mere classification of stem cells as “drugs” under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, does not make their therapeutic use for autism permissible as a clinical service.“Although the stem cells administered for therapeutic use in ASD are characterised as drugs under the Drugs Act, 1940, the same by itself is not determinative of the fact that it is permissible to be administered as a clinical service,” the bench said.If doctors offer such treatment as a routine clinical service, they fail to meet the reasonable standard of care owed to patients.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/economic-survey-flags-rising-digital-addiction-among-kids-youth-in-india-will-govt-put-curbs-1769688736105">Economic Survey flags rising digital addiction among kids, youth in India. Will govt put curbs?</a><h2>‘Every medical practitioner owes a duty to…’</h2>&nbsp;The bench observed that every medical practitioner owes a duty to exercise a reasonable degree of care, skill and knowledge expected of a prudent practitioner in the field.&nbsp;It further said that this standard is breached when doctors administer interventions that lack credible scientific backing or are expressly discouraged by authoritative medical bodies.“A medical practitioner cannot be said to meet the standard of reasonable care if he administers an intervention that lacks credible scientific evidence of safety and efficacy or where authoritative medical bodies unequivocally state that such a form of treatment is not recommended,” the judgment said.&nbsp;&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/menstrual-hygiene-is-fundamental-right-supreme-court-orders-free-pads-for-school-girls-1769770333164">Menstrual hygiene is fundamental right: Supreme Court orders free pads for school girls</a><h2>‘Consent invalid if it is not based on…’</h2>&nbsp;After examining the recommendations of the Ethics and Medical Registration Board of the National Medical Commission dated December 6, 2022, read with the Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Social Science Research, the National Guidelines for Stem Cell Research, 2017, and the National Ethical Guidelines formulated by the Indian Council of Medical Research, the court noted that these documents clearly state that stem cell therapy for autism is not recognised as a sound or relevant medical practice.“It is categorically mentioned therein that any stem cell use in patients must only be done within the purview of an approved and monitored clinical trial with the intent to advance science and medicine and not offering it as therapy,” the bench said.&nbsp;The court also held that consent is invalid if it is not based on adequate and credible scientific information.The court noted that offering a choice between no treatment and an unproven therapy does not amount to valid consent, especially when families are emotionally vulnerable.

The court said that consent is invalid if it is not based on adequate and credible scientific information, and it further noted that offering a choice between no treatment and an unproven therapy does not amount to valid consent, especially when families are emotionally vulnerable.

The Supreme Court of India has held that administering stem cell therapy for the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unethical and amounts to medical malpractice if it is outside an approved and monitored clinical trial. A bench of Justices JB Pardiwala and R Mahadevan ruled that stem cell therapy is not recognised as a sound and relevant medical practice due to the lack of scientific support and empirical evidence on its efficacy. “Therefore, every use of stem cells in patients outside an approved clinical trial is unethical and shall be considered as malpractice,” the Supreme Court ruled. The stem cell therapy is permissible only for approved and monitored clinical trials with the intent to advance science, the bench added. Also Read: Trump slams Powell, says unnecessary high interest rates hurting economy, national security ‘Mere classification of stem cells as drugs not enough’ The court also made it clear that the mere classification of stem cells as “drugs” under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, does not make their therapeutic use for autism permissible as a clinical service. “Although the stem cells administered for therapeutic use in ASD are characterised as drugs under the Drugs Act, 1940, the same by itself is not determinative of the fact that it is permissible to be administered as a clinical service,” the bench said. If doctors offer such treatment as a routine clinical service, they fail to meet the reasonable standard of care owed to patients. Also Read: Economic Survey flags rising digital addiction among kids, youth in India. Will govt put curbs? ‘Every medical practitioner owes a duty to…’ The bench observed that every medical practitioner owes a duty to exercise a reasonable degree of care, skill and knowledge expected of a prudent practitioner in the field. It further said that this standard is breached when doctors administer interventions that lack credible scientific backing or are expressly discouraged by authoritative medical bodies. “A medical practitioner cannot be said to meet the standard of reasonable care if he administers an intervention that lacks credible scientific evidence of safety and efficacy or where authoritative medical bodies unequivocally state that such a form of treatment is not recommended,” the judgment said. Also Read: Menstrual hygiene is fundamental right: Supreme Court orders free pads for school girls ‘Consent invalid if it is not based on…’ After examining the recommendations of the Ethics and Medical Registration Board of the National Medical Commission dated December 6, 2022, read with the Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Social Science Research, the National Guidelines for Stem Cell Research, 2017, and the National Ethical Guidelines formulated by the Indian Council of Medical Research, the court noted that these documents clearly state that stem cell therapy for autism is not recognised as a sound or relevant medical practice. “It is categorically mentioned therein that any stem cell use in patients must only be done within the purview of an approved and monitored clinical trial with the intent to advance science and medicine and not offering it as therapy,” the bench said. The court also held that consent is invalid if it is not based on adequate and credible scientific information. The court noted that offering a choice between no treatment and an unproven therapy does not amount to valid consent, especially when families are emotionally vulnerable.

The court said that consent is invalid if it is not based on adequate and credible scientific information, and it further noted that offering a choice between no treatment and an unproven therapy does not amount to valid consent, especially when families are emotionally vulnerable.

‘Stem cell therapy for autism is unethical, medical malpractice,’ says Supreme Court

After Nipah virus cases surfaced in Kerala and West Bengal, India remained on high alert with heightened surveillance, isolation protocols and airport screening of travellers to prevent further spread. According to data released by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the zoonotic virus carries a fatality rate ranging from 40 per cent to 75 per cent.&nbsp;The zoonotic virus travels to humans through infected fruit bats, contaminated food, or close contact with infected individuals. It can also rapidly progress to severe brain inflammation, marking one of the most lethal viral infections.<h3>Health experts express concern</h3>Following the rise in concern over Nipah virus infections, medical experts are warning that the virus can rapidly turn fatal once it enters the human body, particularly due to its ability to invade the brain and disrupt vital functions.&nbsp;Dr Deep Das, neurologist - CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI said,"Nipah first establishes its presence in human beings through upper respiratory tract replication before spreading to the bloodstream, which then allows it to infect both the cardiovascular system and various other body parts. Nipah presents one of its most hazardous characteristics through its ability to create blood vessel damage because it causes blood vessel inflammation, which permits the virus to cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain."&nbsp;"The Nipah virus causes extreme brain inflammation, which results in brain swelling that develops into encephalitis. Nipah infection symptoms start with fever and muscle pain, and headaches, but develop into confusion, lethargy, seizures and loss of consciousness. Severe brain expansion results in the body losing control over vital processes, which include breathing and heart rate regulation. The medical emergency classification of Nipah requires immediate diagnosis and needs intensive isolation and complete neurological and critical care because its progression to life-threatening stages develops quickly, which raises the risk of death," Dr Deep Das added.&nbsp;Providing further insight into how the virus spreads inside the body, Dr Bharath Kumar Surisetti, Consultant Neurologist at Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, explained," Humans contract the Nipah virus when it enters through their respiratory system or when they consume infected food. The virus first infects cells in the mouth, throat, or lungs, where it begins to replicate. Nipah virus uses its surface proteins to bind with ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 receptors, which exist throughout human cells but are found in the highest concentration on blood vessel lining cells. After the virus completes its initial replication process, it starts spreading through the bloodstream, which enables its distribution throughout various body parts."&nbsp;Dr Surisetti added that the Nipah virus posses high preference for endothelial cells containing the blood vessel inner lining. After these cells are infected, it results in inflammation, causing vasculitis and leading to the destruction of blood vessels and damage of organ that include the lungs, kidneys and spleen, causing serious breathing problems in the lungs.&nbsp;"The most dangerous phase occurs when the virus reaches the brain. Nipah virus can enter the blood-brain barrier because it breaks down blood vessels and moves inside infected immune cells and travels through nerves that extend from the nasal cavity. The virus enters the brain and triggers encephalitis, which causes severe brain tissue inflammation. The condition leads to tissue swelling, which blocks blood circulation and causes direct damage to neurons," Dr Surisetti said.&nbsp;"The brain involvement in this condition leads to symptoms which include headache, confusion, seizures and coma and death, which occurs frequently. The survivors will develop lasting neurological issues while experiencing brain inflammation that returns after an extended period of time," Surisetti added.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/why-preventive-heart-screening-can-t-wait-till-50-anymore-here-s-what-doctors-warned-1768742789010">Why preventive heart screening can’t wait till 50 anymore: Here's what doctor warns</a>&nbsp;

The zoonotic virus travels to humans through infected fruit bats, contaminated food, or close contact with infected individuals. It can also rapidly progress to severe brain inflammation, marking one of the most lethal viral infections.

After Nipah virus cases surfaced in Kerala and West Bengal, India remained on high alert with heightened surveillance, isolation protocols and airport screening of travellers to prevent further spread. According to data released by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the zoonotic virus carries a fatality rate ranging from 40 per cent to 75 per cent. The zoonotic virus travels to humans through infected fruit bats, contaminated food, or close contact with infected individuals. It can also rapidly progress to severe brain inflammation, marking one of the most lethal viral infections. Health experts express concern Following the rise in concern over Nipah virus infections, medical experts are warning that the virus can rapidly turn fatal once it enters the human body, particularly due to its ability to invade the brain and disrupt vital functions. Dr Deep Das, neurologist - CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI said,"Nipah first establishes its presence in human beings through upper respiratory tract replication before spreading to the bloodstream, which then allows it to infect both the cardiovascular system and various other body parts. Nipah presents one of its most hazardous characteristics through its ability to create blood vessel damage because it causes blood vessel inflammation, which permits the virus to cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain." "The Nipah virus causes extreme brain inflammation, which results in brain swelling that develops into encephalitis. Nipah infection symptoms start with fever and muscle pain, and headaches, but develop into confusion, lethargy, seizures and loss of consciousness. Severe brain expansion results in the body losing control over vital processes, which include breathing and heart rate regulation. The medical emergency classification of Nipah requires immediate diagnosis and needs intensive isolation and complete neurological and critical care because its progression to life-threatening stages develops quickly, which raises the risk of death," Dr Deep Das added. Providing further insight into how the virus spreads inside the body, Dr Bharath Kumar Surisetti, Consultant Neurologist at Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, explained," Humans contract the Nipah virus when it enters through their respiratory system or when they consume infected food. The virus first infects cells in the mouth, throat, or lungs, where it begins to replicate. Nipah virus uses its surface proteins to bind with ephrin-B2 and ephrin-B3 receptors, which exist throughout human cells but are found in the highest concentration on blood vessel lining cells. After the virus completes its initial replication process, it starts spreading through the bloodstream, which enables its distribution throughout various body parts." Dr Surisetti added that the Nipah virus posses high preference for endothelial cells containing the blood vessel inner lining. After these cells are infected, it results in inflammation, causing vasculitis and leading to the destruction of blood vessels and damage of organ that include the lungs, kidneys and spleen, causing serious breathing problems in the lungs. "The most dangerous phase occurs when the virus reaches the brain. Nipah virus can enter the blood-brain barrier because it breaks down blood vessels and moves inside infected immune cells and travels through nerves that extend from the nasal cavity. The virus enters the brain and triggers encephalitis, which causes severe brain tissue inflammation. The condition leads to tissue swelling, which blocks blood circulation and causes direct damage to neurons," Dr Surisetti said. "The brain involvement in this condition leads to symptoms which include headache, confusion, seizures and coma and death, which occurs frequently. The survivors will develop lasting neurological issues while experiencing brain inflammation that returns after an extended period of time," Surisetti added. Also read: Why preventive heart screening can’t wait till 50 anymore: Here's what doctor warns

The zoonotic virus travels to humans through infected fruit bats, contaminated food, or close contact with infected individuals. It can also rapidly progress to severe brain inflammation, marking one of the most lethal viral infections.

What happens inside the body after the Nipah virus enters — and how it attacks the brain?

The biggest mistakes women make while choosing and using period products involve prioritising convenience over health (scented products), using incorrect absorbency levels, and failing to change products frequently enough, which can lead to discomfort, infections, or Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). Health experts warned that several women put their intimate health at risk unknowingly by sticking to the same menstrual products for years without reassessing whether they still suit their bodies. Gynaecologists say that habits, convenience and cost often outweigh health considerations—leading to irritation, infections and chronic discomfort that many women wrongly accept as “normal”.<h3>What do health experts say?</h3>In response to the issue, Dr Irfana Shahul Hameed, obstetrician and gynaecologist with Plush, highlighted the most common mistake she experienced during practice that women are reluctant to change period products. She said," As a practising gynaecologist, I hear women say, 'I’ve always used this, so I never thought of changing it.' And that, honestly, is the biggest mistake. Many women continue using the same period product for years without ever checking if it still suits their body or lifestyle." "One issue I see very often in my clinic is women wearing pads or tampons for far longer than recommended simply because they’re busy or the flow feels light. Even during low-flow days, a product should be changed every few hours to avoid irritation, infections, and rashes. Another concern is fragranced or highly processed products. These may smell pleasant, but they can disturb the natural balance of the intimate area and trigger itching, burning, or recurrent infections," she added. What alarms doctors the most, however, is how discomfort during periods has become normalised. "What worries me most is how normalised discomfort has become. Periods are not meant to be unbearable. If you experience constant itching, redness, or unusual discharge during your cycle, your period product could be the reason. There is no “best” product for everyone, only what works best for you. Pay attention to your body, read labels, maintain hygiene, and don’t hesitate to switch if something doesn’t feel right," Dr Irfana further added.&nbsp;Also read: '<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/-a-ghost-ship-why-uss-abraham-lincoln-has-turned-off-its-transponders-as-it-s-heading-towards-iran-1769379052612">Ghost mode activated': Why USS Abraham Lincoln has turned off Its transponders as it's heading towards Iran?</a>&nbsp;Echoing similar concerns, Dr Namrata Gupta, Senior Consultant, Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology at CK BIRLA HOSPITALS, Jaipur, says menstrual product choices are often made without understanding their long-term health impact. "Many women choose period products based on convenience, habit, or cost, without realising that this decision directly affects their intimate health. Menstrual needs are not universal—flow pattern, skin sensitivity, daily activity, and medical history differ from one woman to another—yet the same product is often used month after month without questioning whether it is truly appropriate," Dr Namrata said. She also highlights risks associated with tampon use, particularly when products are not changed on time. Delayed replacement has been linked to toxic shock syndrome, while inappropriate absorbency levels can cause problems at both ends of the spectrum—leakage and skin maceration on one hand, and vaginal dryness or microscopic mucosal injury on the other. "From a medical standpoint, prolonged use of the same pad or tampon creates a warm, moist environment that increases friction against the skin. This can lead to contact dermatitis and encourage the overgrowth of bacteria and fungi. In the case of tampons, delayed changing is also linked to a well-recognised risk of toxic shock syndrome. Absorption choice matters just as much: products with inadequate absorption increase leakage and skin maceration, while excessively absorbent tampons may cause vaginal dryness and microscopic mucosal injury," she added. "Menstrual hygiene plays a critical role as well. Poor hygiene practices are strongly associated with vulvovaginitis, urinary tract infections, and local skin infections. Despite this, many women continue to use heavily fragranced products, which can irritate sensitive tissue and disrupt the natural vulvovaginal balance," Dr Namrata also said. Perhaps most concerning, Dr Gupta adds, is the tendency to dismiss warning signs such as excessive pain, repeated leakage, rashes, or recurrent infections, which are often accepted as “part of periods” rather than recognised as signals that the chosen product or practice is unsuitable. As per a gynaecological view, these symptoms frequently indicate that the chosen productor its way of use is unsuitable. Based on their perspective, the ideal period product ensures comfort, appropriate absorption, regular replacement, and minimal chemical exposure. Informed choices are not merely about convenience—they are an essential part of protecting long-term menstrual and reproductive health.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/nipah-alert-these-nations-roll-out-covid-style-screening-after-bengal-outbreak-check-what-travelers-must-know-1769513594789">Nipah alert: THESE nations roll out Covid-style screening after Bengal outbreak—Check what travelers must know</a>

Health experts warned that several women put their intimate health at risk unknowingly by sticking to the same menstrual products for years without reassessing whether they still suit their bodies. 

The biggest mistakes women make while choosing and using period products involve prioritising convenience over health (scented products), using incorrect absorbency levels, and failing to change products frequently enough, which can lead to discomfort, infections, or Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). Health experts warned that several women put their intimate health at risk unknowingly by sticking to the same menstrual products for years without reassessing whether they still suit their bodies. Gynaecologists say that habits, convenience and cost often outweigh health considerations—leading to irritation, infections and chronic discomfort that many women wrongly accept as “normal”. What do health experts say? In response to the issue, Dr Irfana Shahul Hameed, obstetrician and gynaecologist with Plush, highlighted the most common mistake she experienced during practice that women are reluctant to change period products. She said," As a practising gynaecologist, I hear women say, 'I’ve always used this, so I never thought of changing it.' And that, honestly, is the biggest mistake. Many women continue using the same period product for years without ever checking if it still suits their body or lifestyle." "One issue I see very often in my clinic is women wearing pads or tampons for far longer than recommended simply because they’re busy or the flow feels light. Even during low-flow days, a product should be changed every few hours to avoid irritation, infections, and rashes. Another concern is fragranced or highly processed products. These may smell pleasant, but they can disturb the natural balance of the intimate area and trigger itching, burning, or recurrent infections," she added. What alarms doctors the most, however, is how discomfort during periods has become normalised. "What worries me most is how normalised discomfort has become. Periods are not meant to be unbearable. If you experience constant itching, redness, or unusual discharge during your cycle, your period product could be the reason. There is no “best” product for everyone, only what works best for you. Pay attention to your body, read labels, maintain hygiene, and don’t hesitate to switch if something doesn’t feel right," Dr Irfana further added. Also read: 'Ghost mode activated': Why USS Abraham Lincoln has turned off Its transponders as it's heading towards Iran? Echoing similar concerns, Dr Namrata Gupta, Senior Consultant, Obstetrics & Gynaecology at CK BIRLA HOSPITALS, Jaipur, says menstrual product choices are often made without understanding their long-term health impact. "Many women choose period products based on convenience, habit, or cost, without realising that this decision directly affects their intimate health. Menstrual needs are not universal—flow pattern, skin sensitivity, daily activity, and medical history differ from one woman to another—yet the same product is often used month after month without questioning whether it is truly appropriate," Dr Namrata said. She also highlights risks associated with tampon use, particularly when products are not changed on time. Delayed replacement has been linked to toxic shock syndrome, while inappropriate absorbency levels can cause problems at both ends of the spectrum—leakage and skin maceration on one hand, and vaginal dryness or microscopic mucosal injury on the other. "From a medical standpoint, prolonged use of the same pad or tampon creates a warm, moist environment that increases friction against the skin. This can lead to contact dermatitis and encourage the overgrowth of bacteria and fungi. In the case of tampons, delayed changing is also linked to a well-recognised risk of toxic shock syndrome. Absorption choice matters just as much: products with inadequate absorption increase leakage and skin maceration, while excessively absorbent tampons may cause vaginal dryness and microscopic mucosal injury," she added. "Menstrual hygiene plays a critical role as well. Poor hygiene practices are strongly associated with vulvovaginitis, urinary tract infections, and local skin infections. Despite this, many women continue to use heavily fragranced products, which can irritate sensitive tissue and disrupt the natural vulvovaginal balance," Dr Namrata also said. Perhaps most concerning, Dr Gupta adds, is the tendency to dismiss warning signs such as excessive pain, repeated leakage, rashes, or recurrent infections, which are often accepted as “part of periods” rather than recognised as signals that the chosen product or practice is unsuitable. As per a gynaecological view, these symptoms frequently indicate that the chosen productor its way of use is unsuitable. Based on their perspective, the ideal period product ensures comfort, appropriate absorption, regular replacement, and minimal chemical exposure. Informed choices are not merely about convenience—they are an essential part of protecting long-term menstrual and reproductive health. Also read: Nipah alert: THESE nations roll out Covid-style screening after Bengal outbreak—Check what travelers must know

Health experts warned that several women put their intimate health at risk unknowingly by sticking to the same menstrual products for years without reassessing whether they still suit their bodies.&nbsp;

Using same period product for years? Doctors warn this could be mistake

Heart diseases are rising globally, particularly affecting young adults due to a shift in lifestyle that includes sedentary habits, high stress, and increased diabetes/hypertension. Compared to Western populations, Indians show higher risks and earlier onset of heart attacks and cardiac risk among young adults. It is mostly exacerbated by factors like air pollution, substance abuse, and potentially COVID-19 aftereffects, necessitating urgent prevention through diet, exercise, and stress management.&nbsp;Medical experts also warn that cardiac conditions are no longer limited to the elderly, with a growing number of cases being reported among people in their 30s and 40s. Highlighting the shift, Dr Joy Shome, Head of TAVI/TAVR at CK Birla Hospitals, BM Birla Heart Hospital, stated that lifestyle changes and modern-day stress are playing a major role in raising cardiac risk among younger age groups. Sedentary routines, unhealthy diets, smoking and poorly controlled metabolic conditions are emerging as key contributors.&nbsp;“Heart disease is no longer a condition of old age. We are increasingly seeing heart attacks and cardiac risk factors in people as young as their 30s and 40s, often driven by stress, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, smoking, and uncontrolled metabolic conditions. At this age, preventive heart screening becomes crucial rather than optional," Dr Joy Shome said.<h3>Tests can uncover hidden coronary artery disease</h3>Dr Shome emphasised that preventive heart screening should no longer be considered as optional at this stage of life. He noted that basic evaluations such as blood pressure checks, cholesterol and lipid profiles, blood sugar levels, and body measurements, such as waist circumference. Tests like ECGs and echocardiograms may also aid in identifying silent abnormalities, while advanced investigations can uncover hidden coronary artery disease in high-risk individuals.&nbsp;"Basic screening should include blood pressure monitoring, cholesterol and lipid profile, blood sugar levels, and body measurements such as waist circumference. An ECG can help detect silent rhythm abnormalities, while a 2D echocardiogram may be advised if there are symptoms like breathlessness, chest discomfort, or a family history of heart disease. For individuals with multiple risk factors, further evaluation through tests such as a treadmill stress test or CT coronary angiography can be useful in detecting underlying coronary artery disease that may otherwise remain undiagnosed. Early screening helps identify hidden risks before symptoms appear and allows for timely lifestyle changes or medical intervention. The goal in the 30s and 40s should be prevention—because catching heart disease early can significantly reduce the risk of major cardiac events later in life," Dr added. &nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/screening-is-not-optional-anymore-understanding-risks-of-delayed-cervical-checkups-1768739817832">Screening is not optional anymore: Understanding risks of delayed cervical checkups</a>

Medical experts warn that cardiac conditions are no longer limited to the elderly, with a growing number of cases being reported among people in their 30s and 40s. They also said that lifestyle changes & modern-day stress are playing a major role in raising cardiac risk.

Heart diseases are rising globally, particularly affecting young adults due to a shift in lifestyle that includes sedentary habits, high stress, and increased diabetes/hypertension. Compared to Western populations, Indians show higher risks and earlier onset of heart attacks and cardiac risk among young adults. It is mostly exacerbated by factors like air pollution, substance abuse, and potentially COVID-19 aftereffects, necessitating urgent prevention through diet, exercise, and stress management. Medical experts also warn that cardiac conditions are no longer limited to the elderly, with a growing number of cases being reported among people in their 30s and 40s. Highlighting the shift, Dr Joy Shome, Head of TAVI/TAVR at CK Birla Hospitals, BM Birla Heart Hospital, stated that lifestyle changes and modern-day stress are playing a major role in raising cardiac risk among younger age groups. Sedentary routines, unhealthy diets, smoking and poorly controlled metabolic conditions are emerging as key contributors. “Heart disease is no longer a condition of old age. We are increasingly seeing heart attacks and cardiac risk factors in people as young as their 30s and 40s, often driven by stress, sedentary lifestyles, poor dietary habits, smoking, and uncontrolled metabolic conditions. At this age, preventive heart screening becomes crucial rather than optional," Dr Joy Shome said. Tests can uncover hidden coronary artery disease Dr Shome emphasised that preventive heart screening should no longer be considered as optional at this stage of life. He noted that basic evaluations such as blood pressure checks, cholesterol and lipid profiles, blood sugar levels, and body measurements, such as waist circumference. Tests like ECGs and echocardiograms may also aid in identifying silent abnormalities, while advanced investigations can uncover hidden coronary artery disease in high-risk individuals. "Basic screening should include blood pressure monitoring, cholesterol and lipid profile, blood sugar levels, and body measurements such as waist circumference. An ECG can help detect silent rhythm abnormalities, while a 2D echocardiogram may be advised if there are symptoms like breathlessness, chest discomfort, or a family history of heart disease. For individuals with multiple risk factors, further evaluation through tests such as a treadmill stress test or CT coronary angiography can be useful in detecting underlying coronary artery disease that may otherwise remain undiagnosed. Early screening helps identify hidden risks before symptoms appear and allows for timely lifestyle changes or medical intervention. The goal in the 30s and 40s should be prevention—because catching heart disease early can significantly reduce the risk of major cardiac events later in life," Dr added. Also read: Screening is not optional anymore: Understanding risks of delayed cervical checkups

Medical experts warn that cardiac conditions are no longer limited to the elderly, with a growing number of cases being reported among people in their 30s and 40s. They also said that lifestyle changes &amp; modern-day stress are playing a major role in raising cardiac risk.

Why preventive heart screening can’t wait till 50 anymore: Here's what doctor warns

Cervical cancer continues to pose a major public health challenge in India, not because it is hard to detect, but because screening is frequently delayed or skipped. &nbsp;Medical experts highlighted that late diagnosis remains common despite the availability of effective screening tools and preventive measures.&nbsp;Basically, Cervical cancer starts in the cells of the cervix, which is located at the lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb), which connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer typically progresses over time, and before cancer forms in the cervix, the cells of the cervix undergo changes called dysplasia, during which abnormal cells begin to develop in the tissue. If these abnormal cells are not detected or treated, they can eventually turn cancerous and begin to grow, spreading deeper into the cervix and nearby tissues over time.&nbsp;Highlighting the delayed or skipped screening, Dr Manish Sahni, Consultant Surgical Oncologist at Kailash Hospital, Noida, said that cervical cancer often develops without noticeable early symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis. He pointed out that limited awareness about the HPV vaccine among young girls and women, along with poor understanding of early warning signs, remains a key concern.&nbsp;“Cervical cancer continues to be a significant public health concern, not because it is difficult to detect, but because it often develops without noticeable early symptoms. Despite the availability of effective screening tools and preventive measures, late-stage diagnosis remains common due to limited awareness. This is largely driven by a lack of education around the HPV vaccine among young girls and women, as well as poor awareness of early warning signs. Cervical cancer screening tests, such as Pap smears and HPV testing, aim to monitor precancerous changes in cervical cells, enabling early detection and timely intervention before symptoms appear,” he said.<h3>The Consequences of Postponed Screening</h3>Dr Manish Sahni added that if the time for regular screening is delayed, abnormal cellular changes may remain unseen and progress unobserved. Even in the early stages of cervical cancer, a patient may not show symptoms. This means that the condition might progress for years before the onset of abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, or an unusual discharge. By the time symptoms are felt, the cervical cancer may have reached an advanced stage.<h3>Impact on Survival and Treatment Outcomes</h3>He also said the stage at which cervical cancer is diagnosed has a direct impact on survival, with early-stage detection associated with survival rates exceeding 90 per cent. Survival rates decline significantly when the disease is detected at later stages. In many cases, when diagnosed in the late stage, patients are required to undergo multimodal treatment involving chemoradiation. On the contrary, when diagnosed at an early stage, patients can opt for less intensive treatment options such as surgery, loop electrosurgical excision procedures, or cryotherapy, which are associated with better outcomes and reduced treatment-related burden.<h3>Misconceptions Regarding Risk and at-Risk Groups</h3>A false sense of security often leads women to delay or avoid cervical cancer screening. Many women believe they are not at risk due to factors such as age, monogamous relationships, or menopause. However, HPV can remain dormant for many years, leaving women vulnerable to cervical cancer even without recent exposure. Women who have never been screened, those who undergo impulse or irregular screening, and women with compromised immune systems or multiple sexual partners have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer, Dr Manish Sahni added.<h3>The Key Importance of Routine Screening</h3>The severest outcome resulting from the late implementation of cervical screening is death from preventable disease. Adherence to guidelines for proper screening is still the best way to detect and cure this ailment and to maintain a healthy cervix. In today’s world, one cannot opt not to screen the cervix, and this process is needed for health and survival, Dr Manish Sahni further added. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Abhilasha Narayan, Consultant Gynaecological Oncologist at HCG Cancer Hospital, Bangalore, said cervical cancer is largely preventable but continues to affect thousands of women annually due to low participation in screening programmes. She said women who skip regular screening are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage with poorer outcomes. Factors contributing to low screening rates include lack of awareness, limited access to facilities, social stigma, cost concerns and fear of abnormal findings.&nbsp;"Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease, yet it continues to affect thousands of women in India every year, largely because screening is delayed or skipped altogether. Low participation rates in screening programs have a detrimental impact on women's health outcomes. Women who do not receive regular screening are at higher risk of developing cervical cancer, and when diagnosed, they are more likely to have advanced disease and poorer outcomes. It is recognised that there are a large number of women who are consistently under-screened due to a wide range of factors." Dr Narayan said.<h3>Several factors contribute to low screening rates:</h3>● Lack of awareness&nbsp; ● Limited access to facilities&nbsp; ● Social stigma around gynecological screening&nbsp; ● Concerns about the high cost and fear if any abnormalities are found within the bodyDr Narayan added that these challenges are compounded by a widespread misconception that screening is only necessary when symptoms appear. Early cervical cancer and precancerous changes are usually silent. Screening is for all women. One should not wait for any symptoms to undergo screening.<h3>Why does screening matters?</h3>● Early detection helps to diagnose the abnormal cell changes before they turn cancerous.&nbsp; ● Early detection helps to identify and treat precancerous lesions&nbsp; ● It also helps to reduce the anxiety which escalates when diagnosed at the later stage ● Cervical Cancer tends to affect younger women, which is why screening needs to begin early. Pap smear screening should start at 21 years or 25 years of age (once sexually active) and repeat it once in every three years until the age of 65 years. HPV DNA testing is recommended after 30 years. If both the HPV DNA test and Pap test are negative, screening frequency can be adjusted to once in every five years.&nbsp;"Don’t let fear or stigma hold you back – women should prioritize their health and schedule cervical screening on an immediate basis," Dr Narayan further added.&nbsp;Similarly, Dr Vijay Kumar Srinivasalu, Senior Consultant in Medical Oncology at Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, stated that most of the women consult doctors only after they develop symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or unexplained weight loss appear, often indicating advanced disease. Nearly two-thirds of cases present at this stage, despite cervical cancer being one of the most preventable and treatable cancers when detected early through routine screening.&nbsp;"Women presenting with cervical cancer consult us only after symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or unexplained weight loss have appeared. Unfortunately, these symptoms often signal advanced disease which accounts to nearly two-thirds of our practice. What makes this particularly tragic is that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and most treatable cancers when detected early through routine screening. It does not develop overnight, evolves slowly over many years, beginning with precancerous changes in the cervix caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This long pre-cancer phase is precisely why screening works so well. Tests such as the Pap smear and HPV test are designed to identify these early changes, long before cancer develops and any symptoms appear," Dr Srinivasalu said.&nbsp;"Yet, many women delay or avoid screening due to lack of awareness, fear or embarrassment about pelvic examinations, social stigma, or the false belief that screening is unnecessary in the absence of symptoms which is dangerous. By the time symptoms appear, cervical cancer is often already advanced, requiring aggressive treatment such as radical surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. These treatments can significantly affect fertility, sexual health, and overall quality of life," he added.&nbsp;He said that treatment is often simple and effective when cervical abnormalities are detected early, as it can be treated by a minor outpatient procedure. Detecting it early not only saves lives but also saves fertility and long-term well-being of the women. Emphasising the need to avoid postponed screening, he added that they are currently experiencing an increasing diagnosis of cervical cancer in younger women, ranging in age group between 30s and 40s.<h3>According to widely accepted international and national guidelines:</h3>● Screening should begin at 25 years of age. Women between the age group of 25–29 should go for Pap smear test every 3 years.&nbsp; ● And, women with 30-65, should opt for HPV testing every 5 years or Pap smear every 3 years or Co-testing (Pap + HPV) every 5 years. Remember, screening should be continued until at least 65 years, provided previous tests have been adequate and normal.&nbsp;Dr Vijay Kumar Srinivasalu further emphasised that screening is recommended even if you have no symptoms, are married, and received the HPV vaccine. HPV vaccination is a powerful preventive tool and has significantly reduced the risk of cervical cancer. However, it does not eliminate the risk completely. Vaccination and screening work best together, not as substitutes for one another. Cervical cancer is preventable and treatable. Lives can be saved, if timely action is taken.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Cervical cancer typically progresses over time, and before cancer forms in the cervix, the cells of the cervix undergo changes called dysplasia, during which abnormal cells begin to develop in the tissue.

Cervical cancer continues to pose a major public health challenge in India, not because it is hard to detect, but because screening is frequently delayed or skipped. Medical experts highlighted that late diagnosis remains common despite the availability of effective screening tools and preventive measures. Basically, Cervical cancer starts in the cells of the cervix, which is located at the lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb), which connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Cervical cancer typically progresses over time, and before cancer forms in the cervix, the cells of the cervix undergo changes called dysplasia, during which abnormal cells begin to develop in the tissue. If these abnormal cells are not detected or treated, they can eventually turn cancerous and begin to grow, spreading deeper into the cervix and nearby tissues over time. Highlighting the delayed or skipped screening, Dr Manish Sahni, Consultant Surgical Oncologist at Kailash Hospital, Noida, said that cervical cancer often develops without noticeable early symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis. He pointed out that limited awareness about the HPV vaccine among young girls and women, along with poor understanding of early warning signs, remains a key concern. “Cervical cancer continues to be a significant public health concern, not because it is difficult to detect, but because it often develops without noticeable early symptoms. Despite the availability of effective screening tools and preventive measures, late-stage diagnosis remains common due to limited awareness. This is largely driven by a lack of education around the HPV vaccine among young girls and women, as well as poor awareness of early warning signs. Cervical cancer screening tests, such as Pap smears and HPV testing, aim to monitor precancerous changes in cervical cells, enabling early detection and timely intervention before symptoms appear,” he said. The Consequences of Postponed Screening Dr Manish Sahni added that if the time for regular screening is delayed, abnormal cellular changes may remain unseen and progress unobserved. Even in the early stages of cervical cancer, a patient may not show symptoms. This means that the condition might progress for years before the onset of abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, or an unusual discharge. By the time symptoms are felt, the cervical cancer may have reached an advanced stage. Impact on Survival and Treatment Outcomes He also said the stage at which cervical cancer is diagnosed has a direct impact on survival, with early-stage detection associated with survival rates exceeding 90 per cent. Survival rates decline significantly when the disease is detected at later stages. In many cases, when diagnosed in the late stage, patients are required to undergo multimodal treatment involving chemoradiation. On the contrary, when diagnosed at an early stage, patients can opt for less intensive treatment options such as surgery, loop electrosurgical excision procedures, or cryotherapy, which are associated with better outcomes and reduced treatment-related burden. Misconceptions Regarding Risk and at-Risk Groups A false sense of security often leads women to delay or avoid cervical cancer screening. Many women believe they are not at risk due to factors such as age, monogamous relationships, or menopause. However, HPV can remain dormant for many years, leaving women vulnerable to cervical cancer even without recent exposure. Women who have never been screened, those who undergo impulse or irregular screening, and women with compromised immune systems or multiple sexual partners have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer, Dr Manish Sahni added. The Key Importance of Routine Screening The severest outcome resulting from the late implementation of cervical screening is death from preventable disease. Adherence to guidelines for proper screening is still the best way to detect and cure this ailment and to maintain a healthy cervix. In today’s world, one cannot opt not to screen the cervix, and this process is needed for health and survival, Dr Manish Sahni further added. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Abhilasha Narayan, Consultant Gynaecological Oncologist at HCG Cancer Hospital, Bangalore, said cervical cancer is largely preventable but continues to affect thousands of women annually due to low participation in screening programmes. She said women who skip regular screening are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage with poorer outcomes. Factors contributing to low screening rates include lack of awareness, limited access to facilities, social stigma, cost concerns and fear of abnormal findings. "Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease, yet it continues to affect thousands of women in India every year, largely because screening is delayed or skipped altogether. Low participation rates in screening programs have a detrimental impact on women's health outcomes. Women who do not receive regular screening are at higher risk of developing cervical cancer, and when diagnosed, they are more likely to have advanced disease and poorer outcomes. It is recognised that there are a large number of women who are consistently under-screened due to a wide range of factors." Dr Narayan said. Several factors contribute to low screening rates: ● Lack of awareness ● Limited access to facilities ● Social stigma around gynecological screening ● Concerns about the high cost and fear if any abnormalities are found within the body Dr Narayan added that these challenges are compounded by a widespread misconception that screening is only necessary when symptoms appear. Early cervical cancer and precancerous changes are usually silent. Screening is for all women. One should not wait for any symptoms to undergo screening. Why does screening matters? ● Early detection helps to diagnose the abnormal cell changes before they turn cancerous. ● Early detection helps to identify and treat precancerous lesions ● It also helps to reduce the anxiety which escalates when diagnosed at the later stage ● Cervical Cancer tends to affect younger women, which is why screening needs to begin early. Pap smear screening should start at 21 years or 25 years of age (once sexually active) and repeat it once in every three years until the age of 65 years. HPV DNA testing is recommended after 30 years. If both the HPV DNA test and Pap test are negative, screening frequency can be adjusted to once in every five years. "Don’t let fear or stigma hold you back – women should prioritize their health and schedule cervical screening on an immediate basis," Dr Narayan further added. Similarly, Dr Vijay Kumar Srinivasalu, Senior Consultant in Medical Oncology at Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, stated that most of the women consult doctors only after they develop symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or unexplained weight loss appear, often indicating advanced disease. Nearly two-thirds of cases present at this stage, despite cervical cancer being one of the most preventable and treatable cancers when detected early through routine screening. "Women presenting with cervical cancer consult us only after symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or unexplained weight loss have appeared. Unfortunately, these symptoms often signal advanced disease which accounts to nearly two-thirds of our practice. What makes this particularly tragic is that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and most treatable cancers when detected early through routine screening. It does not develop overnight, evolves slowly over many years, beginning with precancerous changes in the cervix caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This long pre-cancer phase is precisely why screening works so well. Tests such as the Pap smear and HPV test are designed to identify these early changes, long before cancer develops and any symptoms appear," Dr Srinivasalu said. "Yet, many women delay or avoid screening due to lack of awareness, fear or embarrassment about pelvic examinations, social stigma, or the false belief that screening is unnecessary in the absence of symptoms which is dangerous. By the time symptoms appear, cervical cancer is often already advanced, requiring aggressive treatment such as radical surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. These treatments can significantly affect fertility, sexual health, and overall quality of life," he added. He said that treatment is often simple and effective when cervical abnormalities are detected early, as it can be treated by a minor outpatient procedure. Detecting it early not only saves lives but also saves fertility and long-term well-being of the women. Emphasising the need to avoid postponed screening, he added that they are currently experiencing an increasing diagnosis of cervical cancer in younger women, ranging in age group between 30s and 40s. According to widely accepted international and national guidelines: ● Screening should begin at 25 years of age. Women between the age group of 25–29 should go for Pap smear test every 3 years. ● And, women with 30-65, should opt for HPV testing every 5 years or Pap smear every 3 years or Co-testing (Pap + HPV) every 5 years. Remember, screening should be continued until at least 65 years, provided previous tests have been adequate and normal. Dr Vijay Kumar Srinivasalu further emphasised that screening is recommended even if you have no symptoms, are married, and received the HPV vaccine. HPV vaccination is a powerful preventive tool and has significantly reduced the risk of cervical cancer. However, it does not eliminate the risk completely. Vaccination and screening work best together, not as substitutes for one another. Cervical cancer is preventable and treatable. Lives can be saved, if timely action is taken.

Cervical cancer typically progresses over time, and before cancer forms in the cervix, the cells of the cervix undergo changes called dysplasia, during which abnormal cells begin to develop in the tissue.

Screening is not optional anymore: Understanding risks of delayed cervical checkups

Amazon has confirmed an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) at its Coventry fulfilment centre in the UK. It is a bacterial infection often labelled a 'Victorian disease'. The GMB union has flagged concerns over multiple TB cases at the site, which employs nearly 3,000 employees, urging authorities to temporarily shut down the warehouse.&nbsp;According to a report by the BBC, the company confirmed that 10 cases of non-contagious TB were detected in September, and said it is coordinating with the National Health Service (NHS) on a screening program.<h3>What is the 'Victorian disease'?</h3>Tuberculosis, also called Victoria's disease, can lead to death of the people if left untreated. When people get infected with the disease, it usually affects the lungs; however, it can also affect the abdomen, lymph nodes, nervous system and bones, damaging the nervous system on the right side of the body.&nbsp;Sometimes, the nerve damage prompt insufficient oxygen supply to the brain, causing numbness in parts of the body. As a result, the hands can go completely numb, making the nerves feel like they are stinging. During this, people may feel pins and needles on the right side of the body, causing pain up to the neck. This shows that the disease primarily affects the lungs, but also the abdomen, bones and nervous system.<h3>Symptoms:</h3><ul><li>Needling of the body</li><li>Body tingling</li><li>Drowsiness in the body</li><li>Numbness in the hands</li><li>Severe pain</li><li>Loss of mobility</li><li>Muscle contraction</li><li>Jaw locking</li></ul>Based on the report released by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on tuberculosis, the disease has claimed the lives of more than 1.6 million people in 2021, making TB the second leading infectious disease after COVID-19.<h3>No further cases at the Coventry fulfilment centre</h3>Meanwhile, Amazon added that no further cases have since been found, and operations at the site are still being continued to run as usual while precautionary screening is underway amid an abundance of caution. "In line with best practice safety procedures, we immediately followed guidance from the NHS and UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) and made all potentially affected employees aware of the situation. We will continue to follow guidance from the experts in the NHS and would respectfully remind public organisations of the need for responsible communications where matters of public well-being are concerned," the spokesperson said, BBC reported.&nbsp;Amazon said the cases, identified in 2025, were non-contagious and that it is working alongside the NHS and the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) to expand screening measures. Dr Roger Gajraj of UKHSA West Midlands said tests are being offered to employees who may have had close contact with those affected. He added that the overall risk is low and that TB is fully treatable with antibiotics.

Amazon has confirmed that 10 cases of non-contagious TB were detected in September, and said it is coordinating with the National Health Service (NHS) on a screening program. 

Amazon has confirmed an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) at its Coventry fulfilment centre in the UK. It is a bacterial infection often labelled a 'Victorian disease'. The GMB union has flagged concerns over multiple TB cases at the site, which employs nearly 3,000 employees, urging authorities to temporarily shut down the warehouse. According to a report by the BBC, the company confirmed that 10 cases of non-contagious TB were detected in September, and said it is coordinating with the National Health Service (NHS) on a screening program. What is the 'Victorian disease'? Tuberculosis, also called Victoria's disease, can lead to death of the people if left untreated. When people get infected with the disease, it usually affects the lungs; however, it can also affect the abdomen, lymph nodes, nervous system and bones, damaging the nervous system on the right side of the body. Sometimes, the nerve damage prompt insufficient oxygen supply to the brain, causing numbness in parts of the body. As a result, the hands can go completely numb, making the nerves feel like they are stinging. During this, people may feel pins and needles on the right side of the body, causing pain up to the neck. This shows that the disease primarily affects the lungs, but also the abdomen, bones and nervous system. Symptoms: Needling of the body Body tingling Drowsiness in the body Numbness in the hands Severe pain Loss of mobility Muscle contraction Jaw locking Based on the report released by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on tuberculosis, the disease has claimed the lives of more than 1.6 million people in 2021, making TB the second leading infectious disease after COVID-19. No further cases at the Coventry fulfilment centre Meanwhile, Amazon added that no further cases have since been found, and operations at the site are still being continued to run as usual while precautionary screening is underway amid an abundance of caution. "In line with best practice safety procedures, we immediately followed guidance from the NHS and UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) and made all potentially affected employees aware of the situation. We will continue to follow guidance from the experts in the NHS and would respectfully remind public organisations of the need for responsible communications where matters of public well-being are concerned," the spokesperson said, BBC reported. Amazon said the cases, identified in 2025, were non-contagious and that it is working alongside the NHS and the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) to expand screening measures. Dr Roger Gajraj of UKHSA West Midlands said tests are being offered to employees who may have had close contact with those affected. He added that the overall risk is low and that TB is fully treatable with antibiotics.

Amazon has confirmed that 10 cases of non-contagious TB were detected in September, and said it is coordinating with the National Health Service (NHS) on a screening program.&nbsp;

What is 'Victorian Disease'? Amazon confirms cases at UK warehouse, union demands immediate shutdown

A research team at KAIST, which included an active duty Army Major, aim to develop a quicker and more dependable method to control bleeding instantly, a leading cause of death in emergencies. Their effort resulted in a next-generation powder-based hemostatic agent that can stop bleeding within a second when sprayed directly onto a wound, potentially saving lives on the battlefield.&nbsp;On December 29th, KAIST said a joint team led by Professor Steve Park of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Professor Sangyong Jon from the Department of Biological Sciences had developed a powder-based hemostatic agent, which rapidly forms a strong hydrogel barrier. Once applied to an injured part of the body, it transforms in about one second, immediately sealing the injury.&nbsp;Developed with real battlefield conditions in mind, the technology benefits from the Army Major’s direct involvement to ensure practical usability. The agent hardens instantly even in extreme environments such as combat zones or disaster sites and remains stable during storage, allowing rapid deployment in emergency care, according to a report in SciTechDaily.&nbsp;PhD candidate Kyusoon Park (Army Major), who participated in the research, said, “The core of modern warfare is minimising the loss of human life,” and added, “I started the research with a sense of mission to save even one more soldier.” He continued, “I hope this technology will be used as a life-saving technology in both national defence and private medical fields.”&nbsp;A patch-type hemostatic products often used as medicine to treat deep or irregular wounds because of its flat shape. It is also sensitive to heat and moisture, limiting its storage and use in demanding settings.<h3>‘AGCL powder’</h3>To overcome these issues, the KAIST team came up with the hemostatic agent in the form of powder that can be applied to wounds of any shape and sizes as well as deep or uneven. A single formulation can also be utilised in a wide range of injury types, which can improve flexibility in emergency care.&nbsp;The ‘AGCL powder’, which has been developed possess a structure in combination of biocompatible natural materials that include Alginate and Gellan Gum (which react with calcium for ultra-fast gelation and physical sealing) as well as Chitosan (which bonds with blood components to enhance chemical and biological hemostasis). It works in the body after reacting with cations such as calcium in the blood in order to turn into a gel state in one second, quickly sealing the wound.&nbsp;AGCL powder is made entirely from natural materials and is safe for use with blood, with tests showing a hemolysis rate below 3 per cent, cell viability above 99 per cent, and antibacterial effectiveness of 99.9 per cent. In surgical liver injury trials, it significantly reduced blood loss and shortened the time needed to stop bleeding compared to existing commercial hemostatic agents. Liver function returned to normal within two weeks after surgery, and no signs of systemic toxicity were detected.&nbsp;While the technology was developed primarily for national defence applications, it holds strong promise for broader use in emergency medicine, including disaster response, developing regions and underserved healthcare settings. The innovation is also seen as a notable example of defence-driven science successfully transitioning to civilian use, with applications ranging from battlefield emergency care to internal surgical bleeding control. &nbsp;

Developed with real battlefield conditions in mind, the technology benefits from the Army Major’s direct involvement to ensure practical usability. The agent hardens instantly, even in extreme environments such as combat zones or disaster sites and remains stable during storage.

A research team at KAIST, which included an active duty Army Major, aim to develop a quicker and more dependable method to control bleeding instantly, a leading cause of death in emergencies. Their effort resulted in a next-generation powder-based hemostatic agent that can stop bleeding within a second when sprayed directly onto a wound, potentially saving lives on the battlefield. On December 29th, KAIST said a joint team led by Professor Steve Park of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Professor Sangyong Jon from the Department of Biological Sciences had developed a powder-based hemostatic agent, which rapidly forms a strong hydrogel barrier. Once applied to an injured part of the body, it transforms in about one second, immediately sealing the injury. Developed with real battlefield conditions in mind, the technology benefits from the Army Major’s direct involvement to ensure practical usability. The agent hardens instantly even in extreme environments such as combat zones or disaster sites and remains stable during storage, allowing rapid deployment in emergency care, according to a report in SciTechDaily. PhD candidate Kyusoon Park (Army Major), who participated in the research, said, “The core of modern warfare is minimising the loss of human life,” and added, “I started the research with a sense of mission to save even one more soldier.” He continued, “I hope this technology will be used as a life-saving technology in both national defence and private medical fields.” A patch-type hemostatic products often used as medicine to treat deep or irregular wounds because of its flat shape. It is also sensitive to heat and moisture, limiting its storage and use in demanding settings. ‘AGCL powder’ To overcome these issues, the KAIST team came up with the hemostatic agent in the form of powder that can be applied to wounds of any shape and sizes as well as deep or uneven. A single formulation can also be utilised in a wide range of injury types, which can improve flexibility in emergency care. The ‘AGCL powder’, which has been developed possess a structure in combination of biocompatible natural materials that include Alginate and Gellan Gum (which react with calcium for ultra-fast gelation and physical sealing) as well as Chitosan (which bonds with blood components to enhance chemical and biological hemostasis). It works in the body after reacting with cations such as calcium in the blood in order to turn into a gel state in one second, quickly sealing the wound. AGCL powder is made entirely from natural materials and is safe for use with blood, with tests showing a hemolysis rate below 3 per cent, cell viability above 99 per cent, and antibacterial effectiveness of 99.9 per cent. In surgical liver injury trials, it significantly reduced blood loss and shortened the time needed to stop bleeding compared to existing commercial hemostatic agents. Liver function returned to normal within two weeks after surgery, and no signs of systemic toxicity were detected. While the technology was developed primarily for national defence applications, it holds strong promise for broader use in emergency medicine, including disaster response, developing regions and underserved healthcare settings. The innovation is also seen as a notable example of defence-driven science successfully transitioning to civilian use, with applications ranging from battlefield emergency care to internal surgical bleeding control.

Developed with real battlefield conditions in mind, the technology benefits from the Army Major’s direct involvement to ensure practical usability. The agent hardens instantly, even in extreme environments such as combat zones or disaster sites and remains stable during storage.

Life saving medicine? Scientists develop spray-on powder that stops bleeding in one second, offers hope in war zones

Air pollution is the presence of harmful natural and industrial substances present in the atmosphere, along with emissions from cars, buses, and trucks. It has a severe impact on everyone’s health and well-being in multiple ways. Beyond causing an estimated 4.2 million premature deaths annually, both short- and long-term exposure to air pollutants can trigger a range of health problems, including lung cancer, asthma and cardiovascular disease.&nbsp;A major contributor is particulate matter (PM), made up of tiny solid and liquid particles released mainly from fuel burning and vehicular emissions. Pollution intensifies during winter because colder, drier air traps pollutants more easily, worsening air quality.&nbsp;Doctors have warned that continuous exposure to winter air pollution can have a long-term impact on lung health and immunity, with effects that often go unnoticed until major damage has been done to the body. During winter months, polluted air tends to remain trapped closer to the ground due to lower temperatures and limited air circulation. This results in prolonged daily exposure to harmful pollutants, particularly fine particulate matter, which can penetrate deep into the lungs.<h3>Doctors warn exposure to winter air pollution has lasting impact</h3>Explaining the risks, Dr Rakesh Godara, Additional Director, Pulmonology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said," Repeated exposure to winter air pollution has a slow but lasting impact on our lungs and immunity. During winter, polluted air stays trapped close to the ground, which means we end up breathing harmful particles every day for several weeks or months."&nbsp;He added that these particles cause persistent irritation and inflammation in the lungs, gradually reducing lung capacity. "These tiny particles go deep into the lungs and cause ongoing irritation and inflammation. Over time, this can reduce lung capacity, making breathing less efficient and increasing breathlessness even during routine activities," he said.&nbsp;Dr Rakesh Godara noted that apart from affecting breathing, pollution also weakens the natural defence mechanisms of the body. It damages the respiratory tract’s protective lining, which makes it harder for the body to fight infections. As a result, it led to frequent respiratory illnesses.&nbsp;"Pollution also weakens the lungs’ natural defence system. Our respiratory tract plays a key role in protecting us from infections, but constant exposure to polluted air damages this protective lining. As a result, the body finds it harder to fight viruses and bacteria, leading to frequent colds, coughs, chest infections, and longer recovery times. Many people also notice worsening of allergies, asthma symptoms, or persistent cough every winter," he added.&nbsp;"Children, older adults, and people with existing lung or heart conditions are most affected, but even healthy individuals are not immune if exposure continues year after year. The effects may not be obvious immediately, but repeated winter pollution can quietly compromise lung health and immunity over the long term, making prevention and early care extremely important," Dr Godara further said.&nbsp;Echoing similar concerns, Dr Arup Halder, Pulmonologist at CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI, highlighted the cumulative impact of pollution exposure on urban populations. He also warned that the damage is often subtle and progressive, meaning many individuals may not realise the decline until they experience persistent breathlessness or reduced exercise tolerance.&nbsp;"Repeated exposure to high levels of winter air pollution can have a lasting impact on both lung capacity and immune health, especially in urban populations. Fine particulate matter, such as PM2.5, penetrates deep into the lungs, causing chronic inflammation, airway narrowing, and gradual loss of lung function over time. This damage is often subtle and progressive, meaning individuals may not realise the decline until they experience persistent breathlessness or reduced exercise tolerance," he said.&nbsp;"Beyond lung capacity, prolonged pollution exposure weakens the body’s immune defences. Constant irritation of the respiratory tract disrupts its natural protective barriers, making individuals more susceptible to recurrent infections, prolonged cough, and slower recovery from common respiratory illnesses. Children, the elderly, and people with asthma, COPD, or other chronic conditions are particularly vulnerable during winter months when pollution levels remain consistently high," he added.Dr Halder also noted that protection of lung during winter is not just about short-term relief, it is a serious investment for respiratory and immune resilience in the long term.&nbsp;"The long-term consequences are not limited to respiratory symptoms alone. Repeated exposure can accelerate the progression of chronic lung diseases and increase the risk of complications, even in otherwise healthy individuals. Reducing exposure through the use of masks, indoor air purification, limiting outdoor activity during peak pollution hours, and seeking timely medical evaluation for persistent symptoms is essential. Protecting lung health during winter is not just about short-term relief—it is a critical investment in long-term respiratory and immune resilience," he further added.&nbsp;

Doctors have warned that continuous exposure to winter air pollution can have a long-term impact on lung health and immunity, with effects that often go unnoticed until major damage has been done to the body.

Air pollution is the presence of harmful natural and industrial substances present in the atmosphere, along with emissions from cars, buses, and trucks. It has a severe impact on everyone’s health and well-being in multiple ways. Beyond causing an estimated 4.2 million premature deaths annually, both short- and long-term exposure to air pollutants can trigger a range of health problems, including lung cancer, asthma and cardiovascular disease. A major contributor is particulate matter (PM), made up of tiny solid and liquid particles released mainly from fuel burning and vehicular emissions. Pollution intensifies during winter because colder, drier air traps pollutants more easily, worsening air quality. Doctors have warned that continuous exposure to winter air pollution can have a long-term impact on lung health and immunity, with effects that often go unnoticed until major damage has been done to the body. During winter months, polluted air tends to remain trapped closer to the ground due to lower temperatures and limited air circulation. This results in prolonged daily exposure to harmful pollutants, particularly fine particulate matter, which can penetrate deep into the lungs. Doctors warn exposure to winter air pollution has lasting impact Explaining the risks, Dr Rakesh Godara, Additional Director, Pulmonology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said," Repeated exposure to winter air pollution has a slow but lasting impact on our lungs and immunity. During winter, polluted air stays trapped close to the ground, which means we end up breathing harmful particles every day for several weeks or months." He added that these particles cause persistent irritation and inflammation in the lungs, gradually reducing lung capacity. "These tiny particles go deep into the lungs and cause ongoing irritation and inflammation. Over time, this can reduce lung capacity, making breathing less efficient and increasing breathlessness even during routine activities," he said. Dr Rakesh Godara noted that apart from affecting breathing, pollution also weakens the natural defence mechanisms of the body. It damages the respiratory tract’s protective lining, which makes it harder for the body to fight infections. As a result, it led to frequent respiratory illnesses. "Pollution also weakens the lungs’ natural defence system. Our respiratory tract plays a key role in protecting us from infections, but constant exposure to polluted air damages this protective lining. As a result, the body finds it harder to fight viruses and bacteria, leading to frequent colds, coughs, chest infections, and longer recovery times. Many people also notice worsening of allergies, asthma symptoms, or persistent cough every winter," he added. "Children, older adults, and people with existing lung or heart conditions are most affected, but even healthy individuals are not immune if exposure continues year after year. The effects may not be obvious immediately, but repeated winter pollution can quietly compromise lung health and immunity over the long term, making prevention and early care extremely important," Dr Godara further said. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Arup Halder, Pulmonologist at CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI, highlighted the cumulative impact of pollution exposure on urban populations. He also warned that the damage is often subtle and progressive, meaning many individuals may not realise the decline until they experience persistent breathlessness or reduced exercise tolerance. "Repeated exposure to high levels of winter air pollution can have a lasting impact on both lung capacity and immune health, especially in urban populations. Fine particulate matter, such as PM2.5, penetrates deep into the lungs, causing chronic inflammation, airway narrowing, and gradual loss of lung function over time. This damage is often subtle and progressive, meaning individuals may not realise the decline until they experience persistent breathlessness or reduced exercise tolerance," he said. "Beyond lung capacity, prolonged pollution exposure weakens the body’s immune defences. Constant irritation of the respiratory tract disrupts its natural protective barriers, making individuals more susceptible to recurrent infections, prolonged cough, and slower recovery from common respiratory illnesses. Children, the elderly, and people with asthma, COPD, or other chronic conditions are particularly vulnerable during winter months when pollution levels remain consistently high," he added. Dr Halder also noted that protection of lung during winter is not just about short-term relief, it is a serious investment for respiratory and immune resilience in the long term. "The long-term consequences are not limited to respiratory symptoms alone. Repeated exposure can accelerate the progression of chronic lung diseases and increase the risk of complications, even in otherwise healthy individuals. Reducing exposure through the use of masks, indoor air purification, limiting outdoor activity during peak pollution hours, and seeking timely medical evaluation for persistent symptoms is essential. Protecting lung health during winter is not just about short-term relief—it is a critical investment in long-term respiratory and immune resilience," he further added.

Doctors have warned that continuous exposure to winter air pollution can have a long-term impact on lung health and immunity, with effects that often go unnoticed until major damage has been done to the body.

Does repeated exposure to winter air pollution weaken lung capacity and immunity? Doctors reveal SHOCKING truths

As winter sets in, hospitals across India are witnessing a sharp rise in ear, nose and throat (ENT) infections among children, driven by cold weather, increased indoor crowding and a rise in seasonal viruses. Doctors indicated that children are particularly vulnerable during this period due to developing immune systems and anatomical factors, and stressed the importance of early identification, proper home care and timely medical intervention to prevent complications.&nbsp;In response to the surge in infections, Dr NVK Mohan, Consultant Otologist, ENT and Cochlear Implant Surgeon at CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI, highlighted the seasonal trend and its impact on children’s health.&nbsp;"Winter brings a noticeable surge in ENT infections among the population, especially children, largely due tocold weather, increased indoor crowding, poor ventilation, and a higher prevalence of respiratory viruses. Children's immune systems are still developing, and their narrower nasal passages and shorter wider Eustachian tubes make them more vulnerable to infections of the ear, nose, and throat during this season.Common winter ENT infections in children include colds, and viral fevers which can in turn lead to sinusitis, sore throat, adenoidal and tonsillar infections, ear infections, accompanied by cough. In many mild cases, home management is sufficient. Parents can focus on ensuring adequate rest, warm fluids, steam inhalation, saline nasal drops, and maintaining good hydration. Simple measures such as hand hygiene, covering our coughs and sneezes, keeping the child warm, and avoiding exposure to sick individuals can help speed recovery and prevent recurrence," Dr. NVK Mohan said.&nbsp;"However, parents should be alert to warning signs that require prompt medical attention. Persistent fever lasting more than three days, severe ear pain, ear discharge, difficulty swallowing, breathing trouble, repeated vomiting, or a child becoming unusually lethargic or irritable should not be ignored. Nasal symptoms lasting beyond 10 days, worsening facial pain, or hearing difficulties may indicate a bacterial infection or complications that need evaluation by an ENT specialist," Dr Mohan added.&nbsp;Dr Mohan further prohibited to used any self-medication with antibiotics as infections resolve on their own. Dr insisted on early medical consultation as it ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications.&nbsp;"It is important to avoid self-medicating children with antibiotics, as most winter ENT infections are viral and resolve on their own. Inappropriate antibiotic use can lead to resistance and delayed recovery. Early medical consultation ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications such as chronic ear infections or hearing problems. With the right balance of home care and timely medical intervention, most winter ENT infections in children can be managed effectively, keeping them healthy and active through the colder months," Dr further added.<h3>Winter increases susceptibility to upper respiratory infections in children</h3>Echoing similar concerns, Dr Amit Nahata, Senior Consultant in ENT and Otolaryngology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said winter conditions significantly increase susceptibility to upper respiratory infections in children. He noted that cold air, dryness and a spike in viral illnesses make the nasal passages and throat more prone to infection.&nbsp;"Winter is a peak season for ENT infections in children because cold weather, dry air, and a rise in viral infections make the upper respiratory tract more vulnerable. Children have narrower airways and an immature immune system, which is why conditions such as the common cold, sore throat, sinus infections, tonsillitis, and ear infections are seen more frequently during these months. In many cases, mild ENT infections can be managed at home. Symptoms like a runny or blocked nose, mild sore throat, low-grade fever, occasional cough, and slight ear discomfort usually settle within a few days with adequate rest, warm fluids, steam inhalation, and proper hydration. Parents should also ensure that the child avoids cold exposure, gets enough sleep, and follows basic hygiene measures such as handwashing," Dr Amit Nahata said.&nbsp;"However, medical attention becomes necessary when symptoms are severe, persistent, or worsening. Parents should seek medical care if the child has high or prolonged fever, severe ear pain, ear discharge, difficulty swallowing or breathing, persistent vomiting, or if symptoms last beyond 5–7 days without improvement. Recurrent infections, hearing difficulty, or sleep disturbance due to nasal blockage or snoring are also warning signs that require evaluation. Another important concern in winter is the tendency to self-medicate with antibiotics, which should be avoided unless prescribed by a doctor. Most winter ENT infections in children are viral and do not require antibiotics. Timely medical assessment helps differentiate between viral and bacterial infections and prevents complications such as hearing loss, chronic sinusitis, or airway problems. Early recognition of red flags and balanced decision-making between home care and medical intervention can significantly reduce complications and ensure a safe recovery for children during the winter season," Dr added.&nbsp;Both doctors cautioned against the misuse of antibiotics, stressing that most winter ENT infections in children are viral and do not require such medication. Unnecessary antibiotic use, they warned, can lead to drug resistance and delayed recovery. They emphasised that recognising warning signs early and balancing home care with timely medical consultation can help children recover safely and avoid long-term complications during the winter months.

Dr Mohan prohibited to used any self-medication with antibiotics as infections resolve on their own. Dr insisted on early medical consultation as it ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications.

As winter sets in, hospitals across India are witnessing a sharp rise in ear, nose and throat (ENT) infections among children, driven by cold weather, increased indoor crowding and a rise in seasonal viruses. Doctors indicated that children are particularly vulnerable during this period due to developing immune systems and anatomical factors, and stressed the importance of early identification, proper home care and timely medical intervention to prevent complications. In response to the surge in infections, Dr NVK Mohan, Consultant Otologist, ENT and Cochlear Implant Surgeon at CK Birla Hospitals, CMRI, highlighted the seasonal trend and its impact on children’s health. "Winter brings a noticeable surge in ENT infections among the population, especially children, largely due tocold weather, increased indoor crowding, poor ventilation, and a higher prevalence of respiratory viruses. Children's immune systems are still developing, and their narrower nasal passages and shorter wider Eustachian tubes make them more vulnerable to infections of the ear, nose, and throat during this season.Common winter ENT infections in children include colds, and viral fevers which can in turn lead to sinusitis, sore throat, adenoidal and tonsillar infections, ear infections, accompanied by cough. In many mild cases, home management is sufficient. Parents can focus on ensuring adequate rest, warm fluids, steam inhalation, saline nasal drops, and maintaining good hydration. Simple measures such as hand hygiene, covering our coughs and sneezes, keeping the child warm, and avoiding exposure to sick individuals can help speed recovery and prevent recurrence," Dr. NVK Mohan said. "However, parents should be alert to warning signs that require prompt medical attention. Persistent fever lasting more than three days, severe ear pain, ear discharge, difficulty swallowing, breathing trouble, repeated vomiting, or a child becoming unusually lethargic or irritable should not be ignored. Nasal symptoms lasting beyond 10 days, worsening facial pain, or hearing difficulties may indicate a bacterial infection or complications that need evaluation by an ENT specialist," Dr Mohan added. Dr Mohan further prohibited to used any self-medication with antibiotics as infections resolve on their own. Dr insisted on early medical consultation as it ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications. "It is important to avoid self-medicating children with antibiotics, as most winter ENT infections are viral and resolve on their own. Inappropriate antibiotic use can lead to resistance and delayed recovery. Early medical consultation ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications such as chronic ear infections or hearing problems. With the right balance of home care and timely medical intervention, most winter ENT infections in children can be managed effectively, keeping them healthy and active through the colder months," Dr further added. Winter increases susceptibility to upper respiratory infections in children Echoing similar concerns, Dr Amit Nahata, Senior Consultant in ENT and Otolaryngology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said winter conditions significantly increase susceptibility to upper respiratory infections in children. He noted that cold air, dryness and a spike in viral illnesses make the nasal passages and throat more prone to infection. "Winter is a peak season for ENT infections in children because cold weather, dry air, and a rise in viral infections make the upper respiratory tract more vulnerable. Children have narrower airways and an immature immune system, which is why conditions such as the common cold, sore throat, sinus infections, tonsillitis, and ear infections are seen more frequently during these months. In many cases, mild ENT infections can be managed at home. Symptoms like a runny or blocked nose, mild sore throat, low-grade fever, occasional cough, and slight ear discomfort usually settle within a few days with adequate rest, warm fluids, steam inhalation, and proper hydration. Parents should also ensure that the child avoids cold exposure, gets enough sleep, and follows basic hygiene measures such as handwashing," Dr Amit Nahata said. "However, medical attention becomes necessary when symptoms are severe, persistent, or worsening. Parents should seek medical care if the child has high or prolonged fever, severe ear pain, ear discharge, difficulty swallowing or breathing, persistent vomiting, or if symptoms last beyond 5–7 days without improvement. Recurrent infections, hearing difficulty, or sleep disturbance due to nasal blockage or snoring are also warning signs that require evaluation. Another important concern in winter is the tendency to self-medicate with antibiotics, which should be avoided unless prescribed by a doctor. Most winter ENT infections in children are viral and do not require antibiotics. Timely medical assessment helps differentiate between viral and bacterial infections and prevents complications such as hearing loss, chronic sinusitis, or airway problems. Early recognition of red flags and balanced decision-making between home care and medical intervention can significantly reduce complications and ensure a safe recovery for children during the winter season," Dr added. Both doctors cautioned against the misuse of antibiotics, stressing that most winter ENT infections in children are viral and do not require such medication. Unnecessary antibiotic use, they warned, can lead to drug resistance and delayed recovery. They emphasised that recognising warning signs early and balancing home care with timely medical consultation can help children recover safely and avoid long-term complications during the winter months.

Dr Mohan prohibited to used any self-medication with antibiotics as infections resolve on their own. Dr insisted on early medical consultation as it ensures accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevents complications.

Winter ENT infections – Children at Risk: When parents should seek medical care vs home management

Women across India continue to avoid public toilets due to persistent concerns over hygiene, safety, design and inadequate facilities. These factors lead many women to avoid using public toilets, sometimes holding their bladder for long periods or even abstaining from food and drink when away from home.&nbsp;The main reason women avoid public toilets is due to the presence of unhygienic conditions, such as soiled toilet seats, urine on the floor, bad smells, and overall lack of cleanliness. Many facilities have inadequate cleaning schedules and a lack of proper maintenance staff.&nbsp;Other factors include feelings of insecurity due to inadequate lighting, broken locks, male caretakers or individuals loitering near women's facilities, and the risk of harassment or violence. Some women feel safer visiting public restrooms in pairs or groups.<h3>Experts underline urgent need for better infrastructure, maintenance</h3>Explaining the issue, Ashima Sharma, Research &amp; Development Lead at Pee Safe, pointed to cleanliness as the biggest deterrent. "Women often are afraid to use public toilets due to the frequently raised issues related to cleanliness and safety. Unclean toilets remain the biggest deterrent, with soiled seats, wet floors, unpleasant odours, and improper disposal of sanitary waste creating both health worries and psychological discomfort," Ashima Sharma said.&nbsp;Sharma added that safety concerns further compound the problem and stressed that rebuilding trust would require both systemic and personal solutions. "Safety is also a concern for women. This is due to factors such as a lack of lighting, remote locations, and the attendance of male staff members. Public restrooms also do not take into consideration the hygiene and comfort of women. There is also a scarcity of facilities for women and a lack of facilities such as soap, toilet paper, functioning locks, and sanitary bins. Improving trust requires practical solutions such as regular cleaning schedules, better lighting, and female attendants. Personal hygiene tools like toilet seat sanitisers, disposable seat covers, portable jet sprays, and female urination devices can also help women use public commodes with greater confidence and comfort," She added.&nbsp;Echoing similar concerns, Prachi Kaushik, Founder and Director of Vyomini Social Enterprise, highlighted how multiple factors collectively discourage women from using public toilets. She stated that many women hesitate to use public commodes due to a mix of hygiene, safety, and comfort concerns.<h3>Some key reasons include:</h3><ul><li>Poor Sanitation and Maintenance – Public toilets are often unclean, with wet floors, broken flushes, or a lack of running water. This creates a perception that they are unsafe for health.</li><li>Fear of Infections – Women are more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other hygiene-related issues, so they avoid using toilets that appear unhygienic or poorly maintained.</li><li>Lack of Privacy – Many public toilets lack proper locks, doors, or partitions, making women feel unsafe or exposed.</li><li>Safety Concerns – In some areas, public toilets are located in isolated spots or lack security, raising fears of harassment or assault.</li><li>Inadequate Facilities – Absence of sanitary bins, soap, toilet paper, or menstrual hygiene disposal options discourages use.</li><li>Social Stigma and Discomfort – Cultural taboos around menstruation and sanitation make some women hesitant to use public facilities, especially if they are not women-only spaces.</li><li>Design Neglect – Many public toilets are designed without considering women’s specific needs, such as space for changing pads, managing children, or ensuring cleanliness.</li></ul>"Addressing these issues through better design, maintenance, and awareness can significantly improve women’s trust in public sanitation infrastructure," Prachi Kaushik further said.&nbsp;&nbsp;

The main reason women avoid public toilets is due to the presence of unhygienic conditions, such as soiled toilet seats, urine on the floor, bad smells, and overall lack of cleanliness. In addition, many facilities have inadequate cleaning schedules and a lack of proper maintenance staff.

Women across India continue to avoid public toilets due to persistent concerns over hygiene, safety, design and inadequate facilities. These factors lead many women to avoid using public toilets, sometimes holding their bladder for long periods or even abstaining from food and drink when away from home. The main reason women avoid public toilets is due to the presence of unhygienic conditions, such as soiled toilet seats, urine on the floor, bad smells, and overall lack of cleanliness. Many facilities have inadequate cleaning schedules and a lack of proper maintenance staff. Other factors include feelings of insecurity due to inadequate lighting, broken locks, male caretakers or individuals loitering near women's facilities, and the risk of harassment or violence. Some women feel safer visiting public restrooms in pairs or groups. Experts underline urgent need for better infrastructure, maintenance Explaining the issue, Ashima Sharma, Research & Development Lead at Pee Safe, pointed to cleanliness as the biggest deterrent. "Women often are afraid to use public toilets due to the frequently raised issues related to cleanliness and safety. Unclean toilets remain the biggest deterrent, with soiled seats, wet floors, unpleasant odours, and improper disposal of sanitary waste creating both health worries and psychological discomfort," Ashima Sharma said. Sharma added that safety concerns further compound the problem and stressed that rebuilding trust would require both systemic and personal solutions. "Safety is also a concern for women. This is due to factors such as a lack of lighting, remote locations, and the attendance of male staff members. Public restrooms also do not take into consideration the hygiene and comfort of women. There is also a scarcity of facilities for women and a lack of facilities such as soap, toilet paper, functioning locks, and sanitary bins. Improving trust requires practical solutions such as regular cleaning schedules, better lighting, and female attendants. Personal hygiene tools like toilet seat sanitisers, disposable seat covers, portable jet sprays, and female urination devices can also help women use public commodes with greater confidence and comfort," She added. Echoing similar concerns, Prachi Kaushik, Founder and Director of Vyomini Social Enterprise, highlighted how multiple factors collectively discourage women from using public toilets. She stated that many women hesitate to use public commodes due to a mix of hygiene, safety, and comfort concerns. Some key reasons include: Poor Sanitation and Maintenance – Public toilets are often unclean, with wet floors, broken flushes, or a lack of running water. This creates a perception that they are unsafe for health. Fear of Infections – Women are more prone to urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other hygiene-related issues, so they avoid using toilets that appear unhygienic or poorly maintained. Lack of Privacy – Many public toilets lack proper locks, doors, or partitions, making women feel unsafe or exposed. Safety Concerns – In some areas, public toilets are located in isolated spots or lack security, raising fears of harassment or assault. Inadequate Facilities – Absence of sanitary bins, soap, toilet paper, or menstrual hygiene disposal options discourages use. Social Stigma and Discomfort – Cultural taboos around menstruation and sanitation make some women hesitant to use public facilities, especially if they are not women-only spaces. Design Neglect – Many public toilets are designed without considering women’s specific needs, such as space for changing pads, managing children, or ensuring cleanliness. "Addressing these issues through better design, maintenance, and awareness can significantly improve women’s trust in public sanitation infrastructure," Prachi Kaushik further said.

The main reason women avoid public toilets is due to the presence of unhygienic conditions, such as soiled toilet seats, urine on the floor, bad smells, and overall lack of cleanliness. In addition, many facilities have inadequate cleaning schedules and a lack of proper maintenance staff.

Why don’t women trust public toilets in India? Experts reveal shocking reasons

As society moves deeper into a technological world, lifestyle changes in eating habits, sleep patterns, work routines and physical activities are increasingly affecting overall health and longevity. While technological advancement has brought convenience, it has also contributed to a rise in lifestyle-related health issues.&nbsp;These shifts are affecting multiple organs and systems that include heart health due to sedentary habits, lung function because of air pollution, liver health linked to poor diet and hygiene, and fertility in both men and women due to changes in lifestyle and daily routine. The collective effect is a growing burden of health-related issues that affect quality of life throughout one's lifespan.&nbsp;If we specially talk about fertility issue, currently, male fertility are declining more than female due to a combination of aging (reduced testosterone, increased sperm DNA damage), lifestyle factors (poor diet, smoking, stress, obesity, alcohol), environmental toxins (plastics, pesticides), medical conditions (diabetes, infections, varicocele), and hormonal imbalances, all leading to lower sperm quality, count, and motility over time, impacting the ability to conceive.<h3>Medical experts cite multiple reasons for male fertility issues</h3>Several medical experts indicated that male fertility issue is driven by lifestyle changes, delayed parenthood and growing clinical evidence of sperm-related issues. “For a long time, infertility evaluations began with women, and the reasons for the inability to conceive were largely assumed to lie with the female. Today, about half of the infertility cases have male issues as the primary factor,” said Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility &amp; IVF, Mumbai, highlighting how modern lifestyle and environmental factors are reshaping fertility patterns.&nbsp;"What we are seeing is not just low sperm counts, but issues with motility, morphology and DNA integrity, often in men who are otherwise healthy and relatively young. Lifestyle plays a significant role here. Long hours of sitting, chronic stress, poor sleep, smoking, alcohol use, heat exposure from laptops or hot baths, and low physical activity all affect sperm production. Unlike eggs, sperm are produced continuously, which makes it possible for them to adapt to changes. Hence, early evaluations and targeted interventions can benefit greatly," she added.&nbsp;She noted that clinicians are now encountering not just low sperm counts but also problems related to motility, morphology and DNA integrity, even among young, otherwise healthy men.&nbsp;"There is also greater clinical awareness now. Semen analysis is simple, non-invasive and informative. Starting with male evaluation saves time, emotional strain and unnecessary interventions for women. In IVF, early identification of sperm-related issues allows clinicians to choose the right approach – whether that is lifestyle correction, medical treatment, ICSI, or additional testing for sperm DNA damage," Dr Navina Singh also said.&nbsp;"Another important reason male evaluation is taking centre stage is delayed parenthood. Just like women, age affects men, too. While sperm production continues, quality declines with time, and genetic integrity becomes more relevant, particularly in repeated IVF failures or early pregnancy losses. This shift does not mean infertility is ‘becoming a male problem’. It means fertility care is becoming more balanced and evidence-driven. When male factors are identified early, treatment becomes more targeted, outcomes improve, and couples move forward with clearer expectations. That change alone has altered how IVF pathways now begin," she further added.&nbsp;Echoing similar concerns, Dr Namrata Gupta, Senior Consultant – Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, warned that modern digital habits are accelerating fertility decline among younger men.&nbsp;“Welcome to the era of nonstop screens, energy drinks, late nights, and 'I’ll sleep later.” As a clinician, I’m seeing the fallout, and it’s real. Men in their 20s and early 30s are showing fertility profiles that once belonged to men in their 40s. One 29-year-old gamer and coder came in shocked: “I’m fit, I don’t smoke.” But his laptop lived on his lap, his phone never left his pocket, and sleep came after midnight every day. His sperm didn’t stand a chance.&nbsp;Continuously raised testicular temperature just enough to slow sperm production and damage DNA. Think of it like overheating a phone battery; it still works, but performance drops fast. Now add screen overload. Late-night scrolling and gaming mess with melatonin, crash testosterone levels, and spike stress hormones. The result? Oxidative stress, a biological “rusting” process that breaks sperm DNA and reduces fertilisation potential. Low sperm count, poor motility, erectile issues, mood swings, and irritability are becoming part of the same story," Dr Namrata said.&nbsp;She stated that beneath the surface, Chronic lifestyle stress, mental, hormonal, and metabolic, is disrupting the male reproductive axis. Cortisol also gets high due to long work hours, performance pressure, and digital overload, resulting in suppression of testosterone. She clarified that due to low testosterone, erections, libido, confidence, and emotions of people are affected. "That 'short temper' or constant irritation many men report? Often hormonal, not just psychological. Substance use is another accelerator. Alcohol may feel like a stress reliever, but it directly impairs testosterone synthesis, increases estrogen levels, and damages sperm DNA," she also said.&nbsp;"Recreational drugs, including cannabis, anabolic steroids, vaping, and stimulants, interfere with spermatogenesis and can cause erectile dysfunction by disrupting nerve signalling and blood flow. Steroid abuse, in particular, can shut down natural sperm production entirely. Sleep deprivation and erratic routines worsen the damage. Testosterone peaks during deep sleep. Miss that window repeatedly, and the body starts conserving reproduction is the first system it downregulates."&nbsp;"The good news? The male body is responsive when given a chance. Start with strength training rather than excessive cardio, as muscle improves insulin sensitivity and testosterone. Sunlight exposure boosts vitamin D, which correlates with better sperm parameters and erectile function. Hydration matters more than supplements; semen volume and viscosity depend on it. Add micronutrients intentionally: zinc for testosterone, magnesium for nerve function, omega-3s for sperm membrane integrity, and antioxidants to counter oxidative stress. Practice digital detox windows. Breathwork and mindfulness aren’t trends; they directly lower cortisol."&nbsp;"Finally, seek evaluation early. Fertility, erections, mood, and behaviour are connected systems, not separate problems. Ignoring them doesn’t make you strong; it delays recovery. In this generation, fertility isn’t declining because men are weak. It’s declining because modern life is loud, fast, and biologically mismatched. Remember: sperm regenerate every ~74 days, so changes today show results in weeks. Fertility isn’t old-school or “uncool.” Protecting sperm is future planning," she further said.&nbsp;Sonu Taxak, Senior IVF Consultant &amp; Director, Yellow Fertility, also said that male factors now play a significant role in infertility cases, ranging from low sperm count and poor motility to abnormalities in sperm shape and DNA integrity. This shift is being driven by changing lifestyles, environmental exposures and delayed parenthood, all of which are affecting male reproductive health.&nbsp;"There has recently been a recognition within fertility practice that the evaluation of male reproductive health has to be conducted right at the beginning of infertility management. This shift is being driven by a documented decline in male fertility, with male factors solely accounting for nearly 20% of infertility cases and contributing to an additional 30–40% of cases overall. Evidence shows male infertility contributes to a significant infertility cases, and an increasing trend among those who have reduced sperm count, motility, morphology, or DNA quality," she added.&nbsp;"Age is an important and often underestimated factor. While men do not have a sharp reproductive decline, there is a progressive decline in sperm quality after age 40. Furthermore, there is a decline in motility, an increase in DNA fragmentation, and a risk of genetic abnormalities. These are known to affect natural conception as well as conception via IVF. On the other hand, delayed childbearing is a growing phenomenon because of professional and social reasons, and thus, age-related decline of male fertility is a rising concern now," she also said.&nbsp;"Besides age, lifestyle and environmental factors such as sedentary lifestyles, obesity, smoking, drinking, chronic stress, poor sleep hygiene, and exposure to environmental toxins and heat impact the production and quality of sperm. In the clinical setting, it would not be unusual to find all of these factors to be present yet unidentified until a ‘structured male evaluation’ could be conducted. If male fertility evaluation is postponed, patients may be directed to proceed with IVF or ICSI, thereby neglecting conditions in males that may affect fertility outcomes. Beginning fertility treatment with a male fertility will enable us to address conditions that can be amenable to treatment before we proceed, thereby saving unnecessary burden on women," she further added.&nbsp;

Male fertility is declining due to a combination of ageing (reduced testosterone, increased sperm DNA damage), lifestyle factors (poor diet, smoking, stress, obesity, alcohol), environmental toxins, medical conditions, and hormonal imbalances.

As society moves deeper into a technological world, lifestyle changes in eating habits, sleep patterns, work routines and physical activities are increasingly affecting overall health and longevity. While technological advancement has brought convenience, it has also contributed to a rise in lifestyle-related health issues. These shifts are affecting multiple organs and systems that include heart health due to sedentary habits, lung function because of air pollution, liver health linked to poor diet and hygiene, and fertility in both men and women due to changes in lifestyle and daily routine. The collective effect is a growing burden of health-related issues that affect quality of life throughout one's lifespan. If we specially talk about fertility issue, currently, male fertility are declining more than female due to a combination of aging (reduced testosterone, increased sperm DNA damage), lifestyle factors (poor diet, smoking, stress, obesity, alcohol), environmental toxins (plastics, pesticides), medical conditions (diabetes, infections, varicocele), and hormonal imbalances, all leading to lower sperm quality, count, and motility over time, impacting the ability to conceive. Medical experts cite multiple reasons for male fertility issues Several medical experts indicated that male fertility issue is driven by lifestyle changes, delayed parenthood and growing clinical evidence of sperm-related issues. “For a long time, infertility evaluations began with women, and the reasons for the inability to conceive were largely assumed to lie with the female. Today, about half of the infertility cases have male issues as the primary factor,” said Dr Navina Singh, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility & IVF, Mumbai, highlighting how modern lifestyle and environmental factors are reshaping fertility patterns. "What we are seeing is not just low sperm counts, but issues with motility, morphology and DNA integrity, often in men who are otherwise healthy and relatively young. Lifestyle plays a significant role here. Long hours of sitting, chronic stress, poor sleep, smoking, alcohol use, heat exposure from laptops or hot baths, and low physical activity all affect sperm production. Unlike eggs, sperm are produced continuously, which makes it possible for them to adapt to changes. Hence, early evaluations and targeted interventions can benefit greatly," she added. She noted that clinicians are now encountering not just low sperm counts but also problems related to motility, morphology and DNA integrity, even among young, otherwise healthy men. "There is also greater clinical awareness now. Semen analysis is simple, non-invasive and informative. Starting with male evaluation saves time, emotional strain and unnecessary interventions for women. In IVF, early identification of sperm-related issues allows clinicians to choose the right approach – whether that is lifestyle correction, medical treatment, ICSI, or additional testing for sperm DNA damage," Dr Navina Singh also said. "Another important reason male evaluation is taking centre stage is delayed parenthood. Just like women, age affects men, too. While sperm production continues, quality declines with time, and genetic integrity becomes more relevant, particularly in repeated IVF failures or early pregnancy losses. This shift does not mean infertility is ‘becoming a male problem’. It means fertility care is becoming more balanced and evidence-driven. When male factors are identified early, treatment becomes more targeted, outcomes improve, and couples move forward with clearer expectations. That change alone has altered how IVF pathways now begin," she further added. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Namrata Gupta, Senior Consultant – Obstetrics & Gynaecology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, warned that modern digital habits are accelerating fertility decline among younger men. “Welcome to the era of nonstop screens, energy drinks, late nights, and 'I’ll sleep later.” As a clinician, I’m seeing the fallout, and it’s real. Men in their 20s and early 30s are showing fertility profiles that once belonged to men in their 40s. One 29-year-old gamer and coder came in shocked: “I’m fit, I don’t smoke.” But his laptop lived on his lap, his phone never left his pocket, and sleep came after midnight every day. His sperm didn’t stand a chance. Continuously raised testicular temperature just enough to slow sperm production and damage DNA. Think of it like overheating a phone battery; it still works, but performance drops fast. Now add screen overload. Late-night scrolling and gaming mess with melatonin, crash testosterone levels, and spike stress hormones. The result? Oxidative stress, a biological “rusting” process that breaks sperm DNA and reduces fertilisation potential. Low sperm count, poor motility, erectile issues, mood swings, and irritability are becoming part of the same story," Dr Namrata said. She stated that beneath the surface, Chronic lifestyle stress, mental, hormonal, and metabolic, is disrupting the male reproductive axis. Cortisol also gets high due to long work hours, performance pressure, and digital overload, resulting in suppression of testosterone. She clarified that due to low testosterone, erections, libido, confidence, and emotions of people are affected. "That 'short temper' or constant irritation many men report? Often hormonal, not just psychological. Substance use is another accelerator. Alcohol may feel like a stress reliever, but it directly impairs testosterone synthesis, increases estrogen levels, and damages sperm DNA," she also said. "Recreational drugs, including cannabis, anabolic steroids, vaping, and stimulants, interfere with spermatogenesis and can cause erectile dysfunction by disrupting nerve signalling and blood flow. Steroid abuse, in particular, can shut down natural sperm production entirely. Sleep deprivation and erratic routines worsen the damage. Testosterone peaks during deep sleep. Miss that window repeatedly, and the body starts conserving reproduction is the first system it downregulates." "The good news? The male body is responsive when given a chance. Start with strength training rather than excessive cardio, as muscle improves insulin sensitivity and testosterone. Sunlight exposure boosts vitamin D, which correlates with better sperm parameters and erectile function. Hydration matters more than supplements; semen volume and viscosity depend on it. Add micronutrients intentionally: zinc for testosterone, magnesium for nerve function, omega-3s for sperm membrane integrity, and antioxidants to counter oxidative stress. Practice digital detox windows. Breathwork and mindfulness aren’t trends; they directly lower cortisol." "Finally, seek evaluation early. Fertility, erections, mood, and behaviour are connected systems, not separate problems. Ignoring them doesn’t make you strong; it delays recovery. In this generation, fertility isn’t declining because men are weak. It’s declining because modern life is loud, fast, and biologically mismatched. Remember: sperm regenerate every ~74 days, so changes today show results in weeks. Fertility isn’t old-school or “uncool.” Protecting sperm is future planning," she further said. Sonu Taxak, Senior IVF Consultant & Director, Yellow Fertility, also said that male factors now play a significant role in infertility cases, ranging from low sperm count and poor motility to abnormalities in sperm shape and DNA integrity. This shift is being driven by changing lifestyles, environmental exposures and delayed parenthood, all of which are affecting male reproductive health. "There has recently been a recognition within fertility practice that the evaluation of male reproductive health has to be conducted right at the beginning of infertility management. This shift is being driven by a documented decline in male fertility, with male factors solely accounting for nearly 20% of infertility cases and contributing to an additional 30–40% of cases overall. Evidence shows male infertility contributes to a significant infertility cases, and an increasing trend among those who have reduced sperm count, motility, morphology, or DNA quality," she added. "Age is an important and often underestimated factor. While men do not have a sharp reproductive decline, there is a progressive decline in sperm quality after age 40. Furthermore, there is a decline in motility, an increase in DNA fragmentation, and a risk of genetic abnormalities. These are known to affect natural conception as well as conception via IVF. On the other hand, delayed childbearing is a growing phenomenon because of professional and social reasons, and thus, age-related decline of male fertility is a rising concern now," she also said. "Besides age, lifestyle and environmental factors such as sedentary lifestyles, obesity, smoking, drinking, chronic stress, poor sleep hygiene, and exposure to environmental toxins and heat impact the production and quality of sperm. In the clinical setting, it would not be unusual to find all of these factors to be present yet unidentified until a ‘structured male evaluation’ could be conducted. If male fertility evaluation is postponed, patients may be directed to proceed with IVF or ICSI, thereby neglecting conditions in males that may affect fertility outcomes. Beginning fertility treatment with a male fertility will enable us to address conditions that can be amenable to treatment before we proceed, thereby saving unnecessary burden on women," she further added.

Male fertility is declining due to a combination of ageing (reduced testosterone, increased sperm DNA damage), lifestyle factors (poor diet, smoking, stress, obesity, alcohol), environmental toxins, medical conditions, and hormonal imbalances.

Male fertility decline: Why more IVF cases now start with male evaluation

Public toilets are shared spaces used by several people every day, making hygiene a consistent and major concern for men, women and children. If the toilets are not continuously maintained or cleaned, then they pose risks of bacterial/viral infections (like E. coli, Salmonella, Norovirus, Hepatitis A) via contaminated surfaces or aerosols, leading to gastrointestinal issues, UTIs (especially for women), skin infections, or respiratory problems.&nbsp;After the pandemic, the awareness about cleanliness, concerns about germ exposure in public washrooms continue to linger among citizens, particularly when it comes to microbes that are invisible to our naked eye. Meanwhile, Public toilets in India have seen major efforts through the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) to end open defecation, increasing availability, but facing challenges in maintenance, hygiene, and design, leading many urban Indians to prefer commercial establishments.<h3>What experts reveal about the hidden reality of public toilets</h3>India-based Research &amp; Development Lead_Pee safe Public, Ashima Sharma, disclosed that the risk in public bathrooms is less about what appears dirty and more about what goes unnoticed. Ashima also said that the pandemic heightened awareness around personal hygiene and cleanliness, prompting people to be more attentive to shared environments.&nbsp;"Bathrooms are shared spaces used by many people throughout the day, which naturally raises questions about hygiene and germ exposure. The pandemic heightened awareness around cleanliness and made people more attentive to shared environments. Even as public facilities are now part of everyday routines again, concerns persist, not only about what is visibly unclean but also about the unseen microbes that may settle on surfaces and linger in the air. Risk increases on surfaces touched repeatedly throughout the day, including flush controls, taps, door handles, and countertops. These areas can carry bacteria linked to digestive illness, along with viruses capable of spreading through contact. Flushing without a lid may further disperse microscopic droplets onto nearby surfaces, increasing environmental contamination. As most restroom-related infections occur when germs are transferred from hands to the face, preventive efforts are best directed toward consistent handwashing, careful surface contact, limited phone use, and, where preferred, the use of toilet seat sanitisers rather than avoiding the seat altogether," Ashima Sharma said.&nbsp;Ketan Munoth, co-founder of Plush, believes that poor hygiene in public spaces is something people have been conditioned to adjust to, and that mindset needs to change. Ketan Munoth also believes that the issue extends beyond germs to the way people have normalised poor hygiene in public spaces.&nbsp;“We’ve been taught for years to simply accept poor hygiene in public spaces. But just because you’re travelling or using a public toilet doesn’t mean your comfort and hygiene should take a back seat. Clean, well-maintained washrooms should be a basic expectation, and public infrastructure must continue to move in that direction. At the same time, real life isn’t always predictable. Facilities aren’t always available, clean, or properly equipped when you need them most, and that’s where being prepared becomes essential - whether that’s carrying intimate hygiene wipes, trusting rash-free pads during periods, relying on period panties for longer protection, or having simple personal care solutions.We also don’t talk enough about disposal. In many public washrooms, period products are discarded poorly - left exposed, thrown loosely, or stuffed into corners because proper disposal systems are missing. That’s why biodegradable disposable pouches aren’t a nice-to-have; they’re essential. Better hygiene starts with preparedness, not adjustment," Munoth said.

Public toilets may look clean, but hidden germs on high-touch surfaces pose real risks. Experts say most infections spread through hand-to-face contact, making handwashing vital. Better hygiene needs improved facilities and personal preparedness.

Public toilets are shared spaces used by several people every day, making hygiene a consistent and major concern for men, women and children. If the toilets are not continuously maintained or cleaned, then they pose risks of bacterial/viral infections (like E. coli, Salmonella, Norovirus, Hepatitis A) via contaminated surfaces or aerosols, leading to gastrointestinal issues, UTIs (especially for women), skin infections, or respiratory problems. After the pandemic, the awareness about cleanliness, concerns about germ exposure in public washrooms continue to linger among citizens, particularly when it comes to microbes that are invisible to our naked eye. Meanwhile, Public toilets in India have seen major efforts through the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) to end open defecation, increasing availability, but facing challenges in maintenance, hygiene, and design, leading many urban Indians to prefer commercial establishments. What experts reveal about the hidden reality of public toilets India-based Research & Development Lead_Pee safe Public, Ashima Sharma, disclosed that the risk in public bathrooms is less about what appears dirty and more about what goes unnoticed. Ashima also said that the pandemic heightened awareness around personal hygiene and cleanliness, prompting people to be more attentive to shared environments. "Bathrooms are shared spaces used by many people throughout the day, which naturally raises questions about hygiene and germ exposure. The pandemic heightened awareness around cleanliness and made people more attentive to shared environments. Even as public facilities are now part of everyday routines again, concerns persist, not only about what is visibly unclean but also about the unseen microbes that may settle on surfaces and linger in the air. Risk increases on surfaces touched repeatedly throughout the day, including flush controls, taps, door handles, and countertops. These areas can carry bacteria linked to digestive illness, along with viruses capable of spreading through contact. Flushing without a lid may further disperse microscopic droplets onto nearby surfaces, increasing environmental contamination. As most restroom-related infections occur when germs are transferred from hands to the face, preventive efforts are best directed toward consistent handwashing, careful surface contact, limited phone use, and, where preferred, the use of toilet seat sanitisers rather than avoiding the seat altogether," Ashima Sharma said. Ketan Munoth, co-founder of Plush, believes that poor hygiene in public spaces is something people have been conditioned to adjust to, and that mindset needs to change. Ketan Munoth also believes that the issue extends beyond germs to the way people have normalised poor hygiene in public spaces. “We’ve been taught for years to simply accept poor hygiene in public spaces. But just because you’re travelling or using a public toilet doesn’t mean your comfort and hygiene should take a back seat. Clean, well-maintained washrooms should be a basic expectation, and public infrastructure must continue to move in that direction. At the same time, real life isn’t always predictable. Facilities aren’t always available, clean, or properly equipped when you need them most, and that’s where being prepared becomes essential - whether that’s carrying intimate hygiene wipes, trusting rash-free pads during periods, relying on period panties for longer protection, or having simple personal care solutions. We also don’t talk enough about disposal. In many public washrooms, period products are discarded poorly - left exposed, thrown loosely, or stuffed into corners because proper disposal systems are missing. That’s why biodegradable disposable pouches aren’t a nice-to-have; they’re essential. Better hygiene starts with preparedness, not adjustment," Munoth said.

Public toilets may look clean, but hidden germs on high-touch surfaces pose real risks. Experts say most infections spread through hand-to-face contact, making handwashing vital. Better hygiene needs improved facilities and personal preparedness.

Are public toilets really that clean? Experts break down the invisible germ risk

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Monday (Dec 22) approved the first daily pill version of Novo Nordisk’s popular weight loss drug Wegovy, revolutionising the way to treat obesity. The move has also given the drugmaker an edge over its rival Eli Lilly, whose oral drug orforglipron, is still under review. The GLP-1 drug uses the same active ingredient, semaglutide, that powers Wegovy and its sister drug Ozempic, which is used for diabetes.Both Wegovy and Ozempic are widely used as injections. The drug mimics a natural hormone that controls appetite and feelings of fullness. While the FDA had already approved a pill to be used for treating diabetes, the approval of the weight loss drug will allow doctors to prescribe the pill to patients with obesity or those who are overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity, such as a heart condition, the company said.“With today’s approval of the Wegovy pill, patients will have a convenient, once-daily pill that can help them lose as much weight as the original Wegovy injection,” Mike Doustdar, president and CEO of Novo Nordisk, said in a statement.According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 40 per cent of American adults have a prevalence of obesity. The new development was lauded by the US Obesity Care Advocacy Network (OCAN), a nonprofit advocacy group for adults with obesity.“This development represents an important opportunity for people living with obesity, offering an alternative for those hesitant to begin injectable therapy and providing a potentially lower-cost option,” the group said in a statement to AFP.According to Novo Nordisk, the Wegovy pills are expected to be available within weeks. The availability of oral pills could also expand the market for weight loss treatments and reduce costs, CBS reported, citing experts.During a clinical trial, the oral Wegovy resulted in a weight loss of 13.6 per cent of the total body weight of participants in about 15 months, which is nearly the same as injectable Wegovy, with an average weight loss of about 15 per cent.

According to Novo Nordisk, the Wegovy pills are expected to be available within weeks. The availability of oral pills could also expand the market for weight loss treatments and reduce costs

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Monday (Dec 22) approved the first daily pill version of Novo Nordisk’s popular weight loss drug Wegovy, revolutionising the way to treat obesity. The move has also given the drugmaker an edge over its rival Eli Lilly, whose oral drug orforglipron, is still under review. The GLP-1 drug uses the same active ingredient, semaglutide, that powers Wegovy and its sister drug Ozempic, which is used for diabetes. Both Wegovy and Ozempic are widely used as injections. The drug mimics a natural hormone that controls appetite and feelings of fullness. While the FDA had already approved a pill to be used for treating diabetes, the approval of the weight loss drug will allow doctors to prescribe the pill to patients with obesity or those who are overweight with at least one weight-related comorbidity, such as a heart condition, the company said. “With today’s approval of the Wegovy pill, patients will have a convenient, once-daily pill that can help them lose as much weight as the original Wegovy injection,” Mike Doustdar, president and CEO of Novo Nordisk, said in a statement. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 40 per cent of American adults have a prevalence of obesity. The new development was lauded by the US Obesity Care Advocacy Network (OCAN), a nonprofit advocacy group for adults with obesity. “This development represents an important opportunity for people living with obesity, offering an alternative for those hesitant to begin injectable therapy and providing a potentially lower-cost option,” the group said in a statement to AFP. According to Novo Nordisk, the Wegovy pills are expected to be available within weeks. The availability of oral pills could also expand the market for weight loss treatments and reduce costs, CBS reported, citing experts. During a clinical trial, the oral Wegovy resulted in a weight loss of 13.6 per cent of the total body weight of participants in about 15 months, which is nearly the same as injectable Wegovy, with an average weight loss of about 15 per cent.

According to Novo Nordisk, the Wegovy pills are expected to be available within weeks. The availability of oral pills could also expand the market for weight loss treatments and reduce costs.

No injections needed! FDA approves THIS ‘once-daily’ oral weight loss pill – All you need to know

As soon as winter arrives, it poses several risks to heart health, particularly for people with existing cardiovascular problems. Falling temperatures can place added strain on the heart, making it especially important for patients and caregivers to remain alert and take preventive precautions.&nbsp;Doctors have warned that winter significantly increases the risk of heart attacks due to a mix of physiological stress and lifestyle changes triggered by cold weather. Medical experts stated that falling temperatures place extra strain on the heart, especially among the elderly and people with existing conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease.&nbsp;In response to the reason explaining why heart attacks spike in winter, Dr Joy Shome, Senior Consultant – Cardiology and Head of TAVR/TAVI at BM Birla Heart Hospital, said, "Winter is a high-risk period for cardiac events because cold weather triggers multiple stress responses in the body. Low temperatures cause blood vessels to constrict, which raises blood pressure and increases the heart’s workload. At the same time, blood becomes slightly thicker, making clot formation more likely—this combination can precipitate heart attacks, especially in people with hypertension, diabetes, valve disease or existing coronary artery blockages. Festive-season factors such as rich food, excess salt and alcohol intake, reduced physical activity, poor sleep and emotional stress further compound the risk. Sudden exposure to cold, particularly during early morning walks or bathing, can act as an immediate trigger."&nbsp;Dr Joy Shome added that festive-season habits such as rich food, excess salt and alcohol, poor sleep and reduced physical activity further compound the risk. "To reduce risk, individuals should dress warmly, avoid sudden cold exposure, continue prescribed heart and blood-pressure medications without interruption, limit salt and alcohol intake, stay physically active indoors, and seek prompt medical attention for warning signs such as chest discomfort, breathlessness or unusual fatigue. Winter heart attacks are largely preventable with vigilance and timely care," he also said.&nbsp;Echoing similar concerns, Dr Rahul Sharma, Additional Director – Cardiology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said,"Due to a number of physiological and lifestyle factors brought on by the cold, heart attacks tend to increase during the winter. Blood vessel constriction brought on by low temperatures raises blood pressure and makes the heart work harder. Additionally, exposure to cold increases stress hormones, which can increase the risk of blood clotting, one of the main causes of heart attacks. Winter also frequently brings weight gain, poor eating habits, decreased physical activity, and an increase in respiratory infections, all of which put stress on the heart. Elderly people and those with pre-existing heart conditions should stay warm, exercise frequently, control their blood pressure and cholesterol, and get help right away if they have symptoms like dyspnea or chest pain."<h3>Cold weather leads to vascular constriction</h3>Meanwhile, Consultant Cardiologist Dr Sunil Kumar Mandal from Kailash Hospital, Greater Noida, indicated that cold weather leads to vascular constriction and thicker blood due to dehydration.&nbsp;"Through the winter months, there is a drastic increase in heart attack cases, with the cold weather being the main reason. Cold and freezing weather causes vascular constriction, which increases blood pressure, and the heart has to pump more powerfully. So, the heart's work would be even harder and slower than under normal conditions, more so if the blood was thick because of fluid loss resulting from the winter's low humidity and people's limited water intake. In this scenario, the risk of a blood clot forming and the consequent event of a heart attack is enormously increased," he said.&nbsp;"Besides, the cold weather has an impact on the body's health by the release of hormones that cause stress, such as adrenaline, which contribute to rapid heartbeats and raise the blood pressure, thus the heart gets more and more exhausted. The winter season has also been known to disturb people's daily habits—less physical activity, unhealthy food, smoking, drinking, and forgetfulness about medications—all detrimental to one's heart health. In addition, winter is the season for respiratory infections, and flu, which, apart from causing discomfort, can also cause the heart to suffer a lot, especially in the elderly and those with existing conditions like hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease," Dr Sunil added.&nbsp;He further emphasised to individuals for regular indoor exercise, maintaining a heart-healthy diet, drinking lots of water, and also prohibited quick transitioning from hot to extremely cold environments.&nbsp;"Hence, individuals with any of the health conditions mentioned above must keep doing some exercise indoors, maintain a heart-healthy diet, drink lots of water, and avoid rapidly moving from hot to extremely cold environments. Regular health checkups and prompt control of risk factors can significantly reduce the chance of heart emergencies during winter. Awareness and preventive measures of the public are still the best weapons to fight against heart attacks during the chilly months of the year," he further added.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Medical experts stated that falling temperatures place extra strain on the heart, especially among the elderly and people with existing conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease.

As soon as winter arrives, it poses several risks to heart health, particularly for people with existing cardiovascular problems. Falling temperatures can place added strain on the heart, making it especially important for patients and caregivers to remain alert and take preventive precautions. Doctors have warned that winter significantly increases the risk of heart attacks due to a mix of physiological stress and lifestyle changes triggered by cold weather. Medical experts stated that falling temperatures place extra strain on the heart, especially among the elderly and people with existing conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease. In response to the reason explaining why heart attacks spike in winter, Dr Joy Shome, Senior Consultant – Cardiology and Head of TAVR/TAVI at BM Birla Heart Hospital, said, "Winter is a high-risk period for cardiac events because cold weather triggers multiple stress responses in the body. Low temperatures cause blood vessels to constrict, which raises blood pressure and increases the heart’s workload. At the same time, blood becomes slightly thicker, making clot formation more likely—this combination can precipitate heart attacks, especially in people with hypertension, diabetes, valve disease or existing coronary artery blockages. Festive-season factors such as rich food, excess salt and alcohol intake, reduced physical activity, poor sleep and emotional stress further compound the risk. Sudden exposure to cold, particularly during early morning walks or bathing, can act as an immediate trigger." Dr Joy Shome added that festive-season habits such as rich food, excess salt and alcohol, poor sleep and reduced physical activity further compound the risk. "To reduce risk, individuals should dress warmly, avoid sudden cold exposure, continue prescribed heart and blood-pressure medications without interruption, limit salt and alcohol intake, stay physically active indoors, and seek prompt medical attention for warning signs such as chest discomfort, breathlessness or unusual fatigue. Winter heart attacks are largely preventable with vigilance and timely care," he also said. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Rahul Sharma, Additional Director – Cardiology at CK Birla Hospitals, Jaipur, said,"Due to a number of physiological and lifestyle factors brought on by the cold, heart attacks tend to increase during the winter. Blood vessel constriction brought on by low temperatures raises blood pressure and makes the heart work harder. Additionally, exposure to cold increases stress hormones, which can increase the risk of blood clotting, one of the main causes of heart attacks. Winter also frequently brings weight gain, poor eating habits, decreased physical activity, and an increase in respiratory infections, all of which put stress on the heart. Elderly people and those with pre-existing heart conditions should stay warm, exercise frequently, control their blood pressure and cholesterol, and get help right away if they have symptoms like dyspnea or chest pain." Cold weather leads to vascular constriction Meanwhile, Consultant Cardiologist Dr Sunil Kumar Mandal from Kailash Hospital, Greater Noida, indicated that cold weather leads to vascular constriction and thicker blood due to dehydration. "Through the winter months, there is a drastic increase in heart attack cases, with the cold weather being the main reason. Cold and freezing weather causes vascular constriction, which increases blood pressure, and the heart has to pump more powerfully. So, the heart's work would be even harder and slower than under normal conditions, more so if the blood was thick because of fluid loss resulting from the winter's low humidity and people's limited water intake. In this scenario, the risk of a blood clot forming and the consequent event of a heart attack is enormously increased," he said. "Besides, the cold weather has an impact on the body's health by the release of hormones that cause stress, such as adrenaline, which contribute to rapid heartbeats and raise the blood pressure, thus the heart gets more and more exhausted. The winter season has also been known to disturb people's daily habits—less physical activity, unhealthy food, smoking, drinking, and forgetfulness about medications—all detrimental to one's heart health. In addition, winter is the season for respiratory infections, and flu, which, apart from causing discomfort, can also cause the heart to suffer a lot, especially in the elderly and those with existing conditions like hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease," Dr Sunil added. He further emphasised to individuals for regular indoor exercise, maintaining a heart-healthy diet, drinking lots of water, and also prohibited quick transitioning from hot to extremely cold environments. "Hence, individuals with any of the health conditions mentioned above must keep doing some exercise indoors, maintain a heart-healthy diet, drink lots of water, and avoid rapidly moving from hot to extremely cold environments. Regular health checkups and prompt control of risk factors can significantly reduce the chance of heart emergencies during winter. Awareness and preventive measures of the public are still the best weapons to fight against heart attacks during the chilly months of the year," he further added.

Medical experts stated that falling temperatures place extra strain on the heart, especially among the elderly and people with existing conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease.

Why do heart attacks spike in winter? Doctors explain the hidden cold-weather triggers

On Friday (December 5), India Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russia President Vladimir Putin announced Economic Cooperation Programme aimed at boosting trade and investment between the two countries till 2030. The announcement came during the 23rd India-Russia Annual Summit held at Hyderabad House in New Delhi, reflecting the strong bilateral ties that have endured various global challenges over decades.&nbsp;In his remarks, PM Modi stressed on the enduring nature of India-Russia relations, describing them as “steadfast like a pole star.” He expressed that the partnership, based on mutual respect and deep trust, has withstood the test of time and several global shifts. Modi highlighted that the new Economic Cooperation Programme will aim to diversify and balance trade, ensuring its sustainability. Additionally, he showed optimism about the India-Russia Business Forum, scheduled to follow the summit, which will serve as a platform to enhance export opportunities, co-production ventures, and innovation between the two countries.&nbsp;Modi further mentioned that both countries are actively working towards finalising a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the Eurasian Economic Union, which will expand economic ties. Reflecting on the historical progression of the partnership, he recalled that 25 years ago, President Putin laid the groundwork for a strategic relationship between India and Russia. Over time, this partnership was elevated to a "special and privileged strategic" status, which has been continually nurtured by Putin.<h2>Here are the key agreements signed during the summit</h2>Several agreements were signed across various sectors, further cementing the bilateral ties between India and Russia. Key highlights include:&nbsp;<ul><li>Energy cooperation: Russia reaffirmed its commitment to providing uninterrupted fuel shipments to support India's growing economy.</li><li>Industrial partnerships: Indian firms inked a deal with Russia’s URALCHEM to set up a urea manufacturing plant in Russia.</li><li>Food safety: India’s FSSAI and Russia’s consumer protection agency formalized agreements to strengthen food safety regulations.</li><li>Healthcare cooperation: Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) were signed to enhance collaboration in medical research and healthcare.</li><li>Maritime logistics: An MoU was signed to bolster India-Russia collaboration in port and shipping operations.</li><li>Migration and mobility: Both countries signed agreements to streamline migration and facilitate the movement of people between India and Russia.</li></ul>President Putin also highlighted joint efforts in building new international logistics routes and proposed future cooperation on small modular nuclear reactors and floating nuclear power plants.<h2>Energy and strategic partnership</h2>The energy and strategic partnership remain central to the India-Russia relationship. PM Modi emphasised that energy security plays a vital role in the partnership, especially in the fields of civil nuclear energy and critical minerals. Both leaders acknowledged the importance of these minerals in securing global supply chains and supporting the clean energy sector, high-tech manufacturing, and emerging industries.&nbsp;The two countries also expressed mutual interest in Arctic operations, with India offering training to seafarers for polar conditions, thus opening up employment opportunities and strengthening bilateral cooperation in the region. Both leaders set their sights on increasing annual bilateral trade to $100 billion and highlighted the shift towards settling trade in national currencies, marking a significant step towards deeper economic integration.<h2>Cultural and diplomatic engagements</h2>The summit was preceded by a formal reception for President Putin at Rashtrapati Bhavan, where he received a tri-services guard of honour. This was followed by a visit to Rajghat, where Putin paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi, further solidifying the cultural and diplomatic ties between the two countries.&nbsp;Prime Minister Modi personally welcomed President Putin at Palam Airport, with a hug, which underscored their strong personal rapport. The two leaders shared a ride to the Prime Minister's residence, where Putin was gifted a copy of the Bhagavad Gita, symbolising the cultural connection between India and Russia.&nbsp;Throughout the visit, President Putin is set to engage in various activities, including participating in the India-Russia Business Forum, launching the RT channel in India, and attending a state banquet hosted by President Droupadi Murmu. Putin also thanked PM Modi for India’s role in mediating the ongoing Ukraine conflict, calling the discussions “informative and useful.” Both leaders reiterated their shared commitment to combating terrorism, promoting regional stability, and collaborating on environmental conservation. Additionally, Russia agreed to join India in the International Big Cat Alliance, a further extension of their environmental cooperation.

Putin India visit: All the deals India-Russia have signed. See details here

On Friday (December 5), India Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Russia President Vladimir Putin announced Economic Cooperation Programme aimed at boosting trade and investment between the two countries till 2030. The announcement came during the 23rd India-Russia Annual Summit held at Hyderabad House in New Delhi, reflecting the strong bilateral ties that have endured various global challenges over decades. In his remarks, PM Modi stressed on the enduring nature of India-Russia relations, describing them as “steadfast like a pole star.” He expressed that the partnership, based on mutual respect and deep trust, has withstood the test of time and several global shifts. Modi highlighted that the new Economic Cooperation Programme will aim to diversify and balance trade, ensuring its sustainability. Additionally, he showed optimism about the India-Russia Business Forum, scheduled to follow the summit, which will serve as a platform to enhance export opportunities, co-production ventures, and innovation between the two countries. Modi further mentioned that both countries are actively working towards finalising a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the Eurasian Economic Union, which will expand economic ties. Reflecting on the historical progression of the partnership, he recalled that 25 years ago, President Putin laid the groundwork for a strategic relationship between India and Russia. Over time, this partnership was elevated to a "special and privileged strategic" status, which has been continually nurtured by Putin. Here are the key agreements signed during the summit Several agreements were signed across various sectors, further cementing the bilateral ties between India and Russia. Key highlights include: Energy cooperation: Russia reaffirmed its commitment to providing uninterrupted fuel shipments to support India's growing economy. Industrial partnerships: Indian firms inked a deal with Russia’s URALCHEM to set up a urea manufacturing plant in Russia. Food safety: India’s FSSAI and Russia’s consumer protection agency formalized agreements to strengthen food safety regulations. Healthcare cooperation: Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) were signed to enhance collaboration in medical research and healthcare. Maritime logistics: An MoU was signed to bolster India-Russia collaboration in port and shipping operations. Migration and mobility: Both countries signed agreements to streamline migration and facilitate the movement of people between India and Russia. President Putin also highlighted joint efforts in building new international logistics routes and proposed future cooperation on small modular nuclear reactors and floating nuclear power plants. Energy and strategic partnership The energy and strategic partnership remain central to the India-Russia relationship. PM Modi emphasised that energy security plays a vital role in the partnership, especially in the fields of civil nuclear energy and critical minerals. Both leaders acknowledged the importance of these minerals in securing global supply chains and supporting the clean energy sector, high-tech manufacturing, and emerging industries. The two countries also expressed mutual interest in Arctic operations, with India offering training to seafarers for polar conditions, thus opening up employment opportunities and strengthening bilateral cooperation in the region. Both leaders set their sights on increasing annual bilateral trade to $100 billion and highlighted the shift towards settling trade in national currencies, marking a significant step towards deeper economic integration. Cultural and diplomatic engagements The summit was preceded by a formal reception for President Putin at Rashtrapati Bhavan, where he received a tri-services guard of honour. This was followed by a visit to Rajghat, where Putin paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi, further solidifying the cultural and diplomatic ties between the two countries. Prime Minister Modi personally welcomed President Putin at Palam Airport, with a hug, which underscored their strong personal rapport. The two leaders shared a ride to the Prime Minister's residence, where Putin was gifted a copy of the Bhagavad Gita, symbolising the cultural connection between India and Russia. Throughout the visit, President Putin is set to engage in various activities, including participating in the India-Russia Business Forum, launching the RT channel in India, and attending a state banquet hosted by President Droupadi Murmu. Putin also thanked PM Modi for India’s role in mediating the ongoing Ukraine conflict, calling the discussions “informative and useful.” Both leaders reiterated their shared commitment to combating terrorism, promoting regional stability, and collaborating on environmental conservation. Additionally, Russia agreed to join India in the International Big Cat Alliance, a further extension of their environmental cooperation.

Russia President Vladimir Putin is in India for his two-day visit, where he held talks with India Prime Minister Narendra Modi, looking to strengthen trade, defence and economic sector. WION takes a look at some of the key deals that has been signed between the two countries

Putin India visit: From defence to energy to fuel supplies, here are all the deals India-Russia have signed. See details

Healthcare technology will deliver improved patient care, regulations, and efficiency in operations. Although huge amounts of money have been invested, on average 60-70 percent of healthcare IT initiatives fail to deliver, according to the expectations on the revenue and patient outcome fronts. According to Arjun Warrier, a specialist in healthcare IT transformation with a work experience of more than 18 years, it is not so difficult to succeed with a project, but it is hard to see why a failure is so widespread.Warrier is a Customer Success Manager at IBM today, where he has managed strategic healthcare implementations that have earned a total of more than 10M ARR. He has worked at Axway in the role of Senior Consultant and Project Manager, and has had zero project failures in close to twenty years, a record of achievement unmatched. His efforts have conserved clients more than 2.5 million dollars in re-work, increased operational ROI by 15-25 and attained 100 percent FDA/DEA compliance during the audits, having received over 50,000 patient records with a 99.9 percent uptime.In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, he provided a rapid analytics platform within the compressed timelines and within the compliance. He also led Controlled Substance Ordering System (CSOS) rollouts to Fortune 500 pharmacy companies, sped up FDA e-submissions at top biopharmas by 25 percent and made major insurers integrate HIPAA-compliantly.&nbsp;Warrier sees the fundamental reason of failure as the lack of alignment between stakeholders - clinical, technical, administrative and regulatory teams tend to have different definitions of success. Another area of weakness is compliance, which is often considered as an after thought and not a part of the initial design. The problem is further worsened by the complexity of legacy systems and poor change management.His remedy: compliance-first and stakeholder alignment solutions. He reduces the number of redesigns and leads to permanent adoption by making compliance part of the project design and involving all stakeholders at the early stages. His models focus on patient-centered outcomes that are measured by the efficiency of workflow and the quality of care rather than the just completion measures.The frameworks by Warrier have been used in the Axway Best of LinkedIn blog of the article titled Innovation in Healthcare Integration Leadership and in LinkedIn blog on the topic of AI in healthcare. He puts across the reusable project success models as well, in podcasts and technical documentation.In the future, he anticipates AI and predictive analytics to anticipate predictable risks in projects, safe simulations through digital twins, and methodologies with embedded regulations will become the norm. According to him, the future of healthcare is systematic and outcome-based models of projects. Failure is not unavoidable: with the proper structures in place, technology can indeed contribute to better patient care.&nbsp;

Warrier sees the fundamental reason of failure as the lack of alignment between stakeholders - clinical, technical, administrative and regulatory teams tend to have different definitions of success.

Healthcare technology will deliver improved patient care, regulations, and efficiency in operations. Although huge amounts of money have been invested, on average 60-70 percent of healthcare IT initiatives fail to deliver, according to the expectations on the revenue and patient outcome fronts. According to Arjun Warrier, a specialist in healthcare IT transformation with a work experience of more than 18 years, it is not so difficult to succeed with a project, but it is hard to see why a failure is so widespread. Warrier is a Customer Success Manager at IBM today, where he has managed strategic healthcare implementations that have earned a total of more than 10M ARR. He has worked at Axway in the role of Senior Consultant and Project Manager, and has had zero project failures in close to twenty years, a record of achievement unmatched. His efforts have conserved clients more than 2.5 million dollars in re-work, increased operational ROI by 15-25 and attained 100 percent FDA/DEA compliance during the audits, having received over 50,000 patient records with a 99.9 percent uptime. In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, he provided a rapid analytics platform within the compressed timelines and within the compliance. He also led Controlled Substance Ordering System (CSOS) rollouts to Fortune 500 pharmacy companies, sped up FDA e-submissions at top biopharmas by 25 percent and made major insurers integrate HIPAA-compliantly. Warrier sees the fundamental reason of failure as the lack of alignment between stakeholders - clinical, technical, administrative and regulatory teams tend to have different definitions of success. Another area of weakness is compliance, which is often considered as an after thought and not a part of the initial design. The problem is further worsened by the complexity of legacy systems and poor change management. His remedy: compliance-first and stakeholder alignment solutions. He reduces the number of redesigns and leads to permanent adoption by making compliance part of the project design and involving all stakeholders at the early stages. His models focus on patient-centered outcomes that are measured by the efficiency of workflow and the quality of care rather than the just completion measures. The frameworks by Warrier have been used in the Axway Best of LinkedIn blog of the article titled Innovation in Healthcare Integration Leadership and in LinkedIn blog on the topic of AI in healthcare. He puts across the reusable project success models as well, in podcasts and technical documentation. In the future, he anticipates AI and predictive analytics to anticipate predictable risks in projects, safe simulations through digital twins, and methodologies with embedded regulations will become the norm. According to him, the future of healthcare is systematic and outcome-based models of projects. Failure is not unavoidable: with the proper structures in place, technology can indeed contribute to better patient care.

Warrier sees the fundamental reason of failure as the lack of alignment between stakeholders - clinical, technical, administrative and regulatory teams tend to have different definitions of success.

Arjun Warrier about the lapses in the medical system: Why projects continue to fail

Air pollution continues to be a major concern in India, with winter months making the problem worse, especially in northern cities. A recent study from Climate Trends shows that even when some sources of pollution drop, factors like weather and geography keep smog levels high. The situation highlights how structural and long-term solutions are needed to tackle this ongoing crisis.&nbsp;Even in 2025, a major drop in farm fires did not improve Delhi’s air. This shows that local pollution sources, combined with weather patterns, are driving severe winter smog in the national capital. Cold temperatures, calm winds and the flat terrain of the Indo-Gangetic plain trap pollutants close to the ground, making it difficult for the air to clear naturally.&nbsp;Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/are-you-a-green-card-holder-find-out-what-can-put-your-status-at-risk-and-how-you-can-protect-it-1764309366704">Are you a Green Card holder? Find out what can put your status at risk and how you can protect it</a><h2>Lack of rain and weak Western Disturbances worsen smog</h2>No rainfall since October, and weak winter weather systems have further reduced the natural washing out of pollutants. This has accelerated early smog formation, leaving millions exposed to unhealthy air earlier in the season than usual.&nbsp;<h2>A decade-long view: Indian cities struggle with air quality</h2>A decade-long analysis of air quality across India, from 2015 to 2025, shows that no major city has achieved safe AQI levels in their annual averages. Delhi remained the most polluted city, with AQI still around 180 in 2025. Northern cities like Lucknow, Varanasi, and Ahmedabad consistently recorded high and unhealthy AQI levels. Other cities, including Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Chandigarh, and Visakhapatnam, showed moderate but still unsafe air quality. Even Bengaluru, which had the cleanest air among major metros, could not consistently reach the ‘good’ category.<h2>Why systemic solutions are needed</h2>The data make it clear that India’s air pollution problem is national, persistent, and structural. It is driven by urbanisation, traffic, industry, and seasonal factors, all of which combine to make winter smog a recurring issue in North India. Experts stress that only systemic, science-based policy measures can reduce pollution levels sustainably and protect public health across the country.

A recent study from Climate Trends shows that even when some sources of pollution drop, factors like weather and geography keep smog levels high. The situation highlights how structural and long-term solutions are needed to tackle this ongoing crisis.

Air pollution continues to be a major concern in India, with winter months making the problem worse, especially in northern cities. A recent study from Climate Trends shows that even when some sources of pollution drop, factors like weather and geography keep smog levels high. The situation highlights how structural and long-term solutions are needed to tackle this ongoing crisis. Even in 2025, a major drop in farm fires did not improve Delhi’s air. This shows that local pollution sources, combined with weather patterns, are driving severe winter smog in the national capital. Cold temperatures, calm winds and the flat terrain of the Indo-Gangetic plain trap pollutants close to the ground, making it difficult for the air to clear naturally. Also read | Are you a Green Card holder? Find out what can put your status at risk and how you can protect it Lack of rain and weak Western Disturbances worsen smog No rainfall since October, and weak winter weather systems have further reduced the natural washing out of pollutants. This has accelerated early smog formation, leaving millions exposed to unhealthy air earlier in the season than usual. A decade-long view: Indian cities struggle with air quality A decade-long analysis of air quality across India, from 2015 to 2025, shows that no major city has achieved safe AQI levels in their annual averages. Delhi remained the most polluted city, with AQI still around 180 in 2025. Northern cities like Lucknow, Varanasi, and Ahmedabad consistently recorded high and unhealthy AQI levels. Other cities, including Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Chandigarh, and Visakhapatnam, showed moderate but still unsafe air quality. Even Bengaluru, which had the cleanest air among major metros, could not consistently reach the ‘good’ category. Why systemic solutions are needed The data make it clear that India’s air pollution problem is national, persistent, and structural. It is driven by urbanisation, traffic, industry, and seasonal factors, all of which combine to make winter smog a recurring issue in North India. Experts stress that only systemic, science-based policy measures can reduce pollution levels sustainably and protect public health across the country.

A recent study from Climate Trends shows that even when some sources of pollution drop, factors like weather and geography keep smog levels high. The situation highlights how structural and long-term solutions are needed to tackle this ongoing crisis.

Why North India struggles with air pollution every winter

In a major decision, the New Zealand government has announced that it is banning new puberty blocker prescriptions for young transgender people. The measure comes amid growing global debate about the number of adolescents seeking to change gender, dividing those concerned about the hastiness in prescribing such impactful medications and those worried about access to remedies they deem life-saving. Critics say the move could further harm the mental well-being of those affected.&nbsp;There is a growing concern that such treatments are being prescribed too quickly and easily, while others deem it as restricting access to ‘essential’ care.&nbsp;Health Minister Simeon Brown said on Wednesday that doctors will no longer be allowed to prescribe gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for cases of gender dysphoria or gender incongruence for patients not already using these treatments.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/iran-says-no-iaea-access-to-bombed-nuclear-sites-without-a-deal-in-place-1763657692116">Iran says no IAEA access to bombed nuclear sites without a ‘concrete deal’ in place</a>&nbsp;The decision resulted from a health ministry finding of a lack of “high-quality evidence that demonstrates the benefits or risks,” Brown added in a statement. The ban would come into force starting December 19.&nbsp;Some countries, like Britain, have already placed a temporary ban on the sale or supply of these drugs to those under 18 who are not already taking them.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/-intellectuals-turning-terrorists-more-dangerous-police-tell-supreme-court-in-2020-delhi-riots-case-1763639800712">‘Intellectuals turning terrorists more dangerous’: Police tell Supreme Court in 2020 Delhi riots case</a>&nbsp;In New Zealand, however, the drugs will still be available for those with early onset puberty, endometriosis, or prostate cancer, as well as for current users. The health ministry said 113 people were using puberty blockers in 2023, down from 140 in 2021.The ban will have a devastating impact on the lives and well-being of transgender and gender diverse young people in New Zealand, said Elizabeth McElrea, an official with a transgender health body.&nbsp;“The ban will lead to worsening mental health, increased suicidality and dysphoria for gender diverse children and young people,” said McElrea, vice president of the Professional Association for Transgender Health Aotearoa.It would bring a higher risk of experiencing marginalization and discrimination for them, she added.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-and-israel-ink-terms-of-reference-for-free-trade-agreement-negotiations-1763654003746">India and Israel ink terms of reference for free trade agreement negotiations</a>&nbsp;Treatment decisions should be made by doctors, young people and their parents, said Shanan Halbert, spokesperson for opposition party Labour on Rainbow issues. He also called for the government to provide adequate support for those hit by the ban.

The ban would come into force in New Zealand starting December 19. Some countries, like Britain, have already placed a temporary ban on the sale or supply of these drugs to those under 18 who are not already taking them.

In a major decision, the New Zealand government has announced that it is banning new puberty blocker prescriptions for young transgender people. The measure comes amid growing global debate about the number of adolescents seeking to change gender, dividing those concerned about the hastiness in prescribing such impactful medications and those worried about access to remedies they deem life-saving. Critics say the move could further harm the mental well-being of those affected. There is a growing concern that such treatments are being prescribed too quickly and easily, while others deem it as restricting access to ‘essential’ care. Health Minister Simeon Brown said on Wednesday that doctors will no longer be allowed to prescribe gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for cases of gender dysphoria or gender incongruence for patients not already using these treatments. Also Read: Iran says no IAEA access to bombed nuclear sites without a ‘concrete deal’ in place The decision resulted from a health ministry finding of a lack of “high-quality evidence that demonstrates the benefits or risks,” Brown added in a statement. The ban would come into force starting December 19. Some countries, like Britain, have already placed a temporary ban on the sale or supply of these drugs to those under 18 who are not already taking them. Also Read: ‘Intellectuals turning terrorists more dangerous’: Police tell Supreme Court in 2020 Delhi riots case In New Zealand, however, the drugs will still be available for those with early onset puberty, endometriosis, or prostate cancer, as well as for current users. The health ministry said 113 people were using puberty blockers in 2023, down from 140 in 2021. The ban will have a devastating impact on the lives and well-being of transgender and gender diverse young people in New Zealand, said Elizabeth McElrea, an official with a transgender health body. “The ban will lead to worsening mental health, increased suicidality and dysphoria for gender diverse children and young people,” said McElrea, vice president of the Professional Association for Transgender Health Aotearoa. It would bring a higher risk of experiencing marginalization and discrimination for them, she added. Also Read: India and Israel ink terms of reference for free trade agreement negotiations Treatment decisions should be made by doctors, young people and their parents, said Shanan Halbert, spokesperson for opposition party Labour on Rainbow issues. He also called for the government to provide adequate support for those hit by the ban.

The ban would come into force in New Zealand starting December 19. Some countries, like Britain, have already placed a temporary ban on the sale or supply of these drugs to those under 18 who are not already taking them.

New Zealand halts new puberty blocker prescriptions for young transgender people

A sewage sample containing the wild form of the polio virus had been found in Germany's Hamburg during the week of October 6, 2025. The wastewater test at an unspecified German location confirmed the presence of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) and on November 10 the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was informed about it.&nbsp;The virus which has been found only in wastewater so far is not a cause of concern as no associated cases of paralysis have been detected in Germany yet.&nbsp;According to the website of the World Health Organisation, WPV1 was last identified from an environmental sample collected in Afghanistan's Kandahar on August 24, 2025.&nbsp;ALSO READ: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/obesity-can-now-get-your-us-visa-denied-unless-you-re-donald-trump-all-you-need-to-know-1763092492815">79-year-old 'overweight' Trump makes obesity and age grounds for US visa denial. All you need to know</a>&nbsp;The detection of the virus comes more than 30 years after Germany witnessed the last cases of wild polio virus infections in people. It is also for the first time that the detection of the virus was marked from environmental sampling in the country since this type of routine monitoring began in 2021, reported Reuters.&nbsp;An expert task force on infection control has been formed by the Hamburg authorities after the detection of the virus. It will co-ordinating closely with Robert Koch Institute (RKI), the country's main public health body and take more samples to study the risks associated with the virus and determine the required public health measures.&nbsp;However, experts say the risk of infection is limited as vaccination against polio is widespread in Germany and the early detection will provide the authorities the opportunity to implement appropriate measures swiftly to protect children and communities.&nbsp;This event brings to light the need for continued vaccination coverage, strong disease surveillance and international solidarity in order to achieve a polio-free world.&nbsp;

The detection of the virus comes more than 30 years after Germany witnessed the last cases of wild polio virus infections in people.

A sewage sample containing the wild form of the polio virus had been found in Germany's Hamburg during the week of October 6, 2025. The wastewater test at an unspecified German location confirmed the presence of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) and on November 10 the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was informed about it. The virus which has been found only in wastewater so far is not a cause of concern as no associated cases of paralysis have been detected in Germany yet. According to the website of the World Health Organisation, WPV1 was last identified from an environmental sample collected in Afghanistan's Kandahar on August 24, 2025. ALSO READ: 79-year-old 'overweight' Trump makes obesity and age grounds for US visa denial. All you need to know The detection of the virus comes more than 30 years after Germany witnessed the last cases of wild polio virus infections in people. It is also for the first time that the detection of the virus was marked from environmental sampling in the country since this type of routine monitoring began in 2021, reported Reuters. An expert task force on infection control has been formed by the Hamburg authorities after the detection of the virus. It will co-ordinating closely with Robert Koch Institute (RKI), the country's main public health body and take more samples to study the risks associated with the virus and determine the required public health measures. However, experts say the risk of infection is limited as vaccination against polio is widespread in Germany and the early detection will provide the authorities the opportunity to implement appropriate measures swiftly to protect children and communities. This event brings to light the need for continued vaccination coverage, strong disease surveillance and international solidarity in order to achieve a polio-free world.

The detection of the virus comes more than 30 years after Germany witnessed the last cases of wild polio virus infections in people.

There is a new polio virus lurking in Germany: What is it?

In a landmark move to improve access to reproductive healthcare, United Kingdom's NHS has made the morning-after pill available for free across nearly 10,000 pharmacies in England. The initiative is designed to address the longstanding ‘postcode lottery’ that has led to uneven access to emergency contraception across different regions. Previously, women in some areas faced charges of up to £30 for the pill or had to book appointments with their GP or a sexual health clinic, which could cause delays. Now, women can visit their local pharmacy, without the need for an appointment, to receive the emergency contraceptive pill at no cost.&nbsp;&nbsp;Dr. Sue Mann, the NHS’s national clinical director for women’s health, hailed the expansion as a ‘game-changer’ that makes reproductive healthcare far more accessible and convenient. She emphasised that this is one of the most significant changes to sexual health services in over 50 years. With four out of five people living within a 20-minute walk of a pharmacy, this initiative ensures that emergency contraception is easily accessible for the majority of the population. The move is part of the NHS’s broader 10-year health plan, which aims to shift healthcare delivery to local communities, making essential services more reachable and reducing the strain on clinics and GPs.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-i-would-like-to-wear-it-right-now-trump-after-receiving-south-korea-s-highest-decoration-1761720090120">'I would like to wear it right now': Trump after receiving South Korea's highest decoration</a>&nbsp;Alongside this, the NHS has announced that people starting new prescriptions for antidepressants will be able to seek advice and support from their local pharmacist about managing medication and healthy lifestyle changes. Henry Gregg, CEO of the National Pharmacy Association, welcomed the change, calling it a crucial step in eliminating regional disparities in reproductive healthcare. Stephen Kinnock, Minister for Care, added that pharmacies are central to communities and vital to ensuring widespread access to healthcare services.

THIS country takes major step forward in reproductive healthcare with free morning-after pill

In a landmark move to improve access to reproductive healthcare, United Kingdom's NHS has made the morning-after pill available for free across nearly 10,000 pharmacies in England. The initiative is designed to address the longstanding ‘postcode lottery’ that has led to uneven access to emergency contraception across different regions. Previously, women in some areas faced charges of up to £30 for the pill or had to book appointments with their GP or a sexual health clinic, which could cause delays. Now, women can visit their local pharmacy, without the need for an appointment, to receive the emergency contraceptive pill at no cost. Dr. Sue Mann, the NHS’s national clinical director for women’s health, hailed the expansion as a ‘game-changer’ that makes reproductive healthcare far more accessible and convenient. She emphasised that this is one of the most significant changes to sexual health services in over 50 years. With four out of five people living within a 20-minute walk of a pharmacy, this initiative ensures that emergency contraception is easily accessible for the majority of the population. The move is part of the NHS’s broader 10-year health plan, which aims to shift healthcare delivery to local communities, making essential services more reachable and reducing the strain on clinics and GPs. Also Read: 'I would like to wear it right now': Trump after receiving South Korea's highest decoration Alongside this, the NHS has announced that people starting new prescriptions for antidepressants will be able to seek advice and support from their local pharmacist about managing medication and healthy lifestyle changes. Henry Gregg, CEO of the National Pharmacy Association, welcomed the change, calling it a crucial step in eliminating regional disparities in reproductive healthcare. Stephen Kinnock, Minister for Care, added that pharmacies are central to communities and vital to ensuring widespread access to healthcare services.

The NHS now offers free emergency contraception at pharmacies nationwide, improving access and ending the postcode lottery for women's reproductive health