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The cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO) on Friday (Jul 5) classified talc as "probably carcinogenic" for humans. This comes a few weeks after a research claimed that it established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer.&nbsp;

In the latest development, WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) said that based on "limited evidence" talc could cause ovarian cancer in humans, while there are "sufficient evidence" it is linked to cancer in rats and "strong mechanistic evidence" that it shows carcinogenic signs in human cells.&nbsp;

The cancer agency admitted that there were numerous studies which consistently showed an increase in the rate of ovarian cancer in women who use talc on their genitals, however, it further added that it previously could not rule out that the talc in some studies was contaminated with cancer-causing asbestos.&nbsp;

"A causal role for talc could not be fully established," according to the agency's findings published in The Lancet Oncology.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-species-was-healthier-and-less-stressed-during-first-year-of-covid-19-pandemic-study-738373">THIS species was healthier and less stressed during first year of COVID-19 pandemic: Study</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Facts or misleading claims?&nbsp;</h2>

IARC said that most people are exposed to talc in the form of baby powder or cosmetics. The most significant exposure to talc occurs when talc is being mined, processed or used to make products.&nbsp;

Talc is a naturally occurring mineral that is mined across the world and frequently used to manufacture talcum baby powder.

As quoted by the news agency AFP, Kevin McConway, who is a statistician at the UK's Open University not involved in the research, warned that for the IARC's evaluation, the "most obvious interpretation is actually misleading".&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/monsters-bitter-river-no-sun-region-heres-all-about-mysterious-elements-in-worlds-oldest-map-738353">Monsters, Bitter River, No Sun Region: Here's all about mysterious elements in world's oldest map</a>&nbsp;

He said that the agency is only aiming "to answer the question of whether the substance has the potential to cause cancer, under some conditions that IARC do not specify," he said.&nbsp;

McConway added that because the studies were observational it could not prove causation.&nbsp;"There isn’t a smoking gun that the talc use causes any increased cancer risk," he said.&nbsp;

<h2>Link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer&nbsp;</h2>

A recently published research&nbsp;in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on May 15, found that usage of talcum powder on the genitals was linked to ovarian cancer, which begins in the female organs that produce eggs (ovaries).&nbsp;

The risk is higher for those who frequently use the powder for long periods of time.

Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has progressed to the pelvis and stomach. At this stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat and may be fatal.&nbsp;

Researchers from the National Institutes of Health examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone-related cancers.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

The cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO) on Friday (Jul 5) classified talc as "probably carcinogenic" for humans. This comes a few weeks after a research claimed that it established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer.

The cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO) on Friday (Jul 5) classified talc as "probably carcinogenic" for humans. This comes a few weeks after a research claimed that it established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer. In the latest development, WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) said that based on "limited evidence" talc could cause ovarian cancer in humans, while there are "sufficient evidence" it is linked to cancer in rats and "strong mechanistic evidence" that it shows carcinogenic signs in human cells. The cancer agency admitted that there were numerous studies which consistently showed an increase in the rate of ovarian cancer in women who use talc on their genitals, however, it further added that it previously could not rule out that the talc in some studies was contaminated with cancer-causing asbestos. "A causal role for talc could not be fully established," according to the agency's findings published in The Lancet Oncology. Also read: THIS species was healthier and less stressed during first year of COVID-19 pandemic: Study Facts or misleading claims? IARC said that most people are exposed to talc in the form of baby powder or cosmetics. The most significant exposure to talc occurs when talc is being mined, processed or used to make products. Talc is a naturally occurring mineral that is mined across the world and frequently used to manufacture talcum baby powder. As quoted by the news agency AFP, Kevin McConway, who is a statistician at the UK's Open University not involved in the research, warned that for the IARC's evaluation, the "most obvious interpretation is actually misleading". Also read: Monsters, Bitter River, No Sun Region: Here's all about mysterious elements in world's oldest map He said that the agency is only aiming "to answer the question of whether the substance has the potential to cause cancer, under some conditions that IARC do not specify," he said. McConway added that because the studies were observational it could not prove causation. "There isn’t a smoking gun that the talc use causes any increased cancer risk," he said. Link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer A recently published research in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on May 15, found that usage of talcum powder on the genitals was linked to ovarian cancer, which begins in the female organs that produce eggs (ovaries). The risk is higher for those who frequently use the powder for long periods of time. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has progressed to the pelvis and stomach. At this stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat and may be fatal. Researchers from the National Institutes of Health examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone-related cancers. (With inputs from agencies)

WHO's cancer agency says talc 'probably carcinogenic' for humans

Rains have brought some respite in several parts of India from searing heatwave temperatures that troubled people, especially in the northern parts of the country. However, the relief came with its own health-related problems linked to waterlogging and disruptions in medical facilities, affecting millions of people.&nbsp;

The intense heatwave, when temperatures exceeded 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit), caused heat stroke cases and heat-related deaths. WION spoke to doctors to understand how the heatwave impacted our kidneys after a study by All India Institute Of Medical Sciences Delhi (AIIMS) revealed that there has been an increase in cases of kidney stones.&nbsp;

Stone(s) in the kidney can be a painful and recurrent condition which is increasing in the younger population. Recently, it has been seen that there is a rise in kidney cases among youngsters. Kidney stones are deposits of minerals and salts that are formed inside the kidney. They affect parts of the urinary tract, from the kidney to the bladder. When the stone moves through the urinary tract, it causes a urinary tract infection, severe pain and vomiting. It can also cause other complications like fever and sepsis.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-explained-is-forgetfulness-a-key-indicator-of-alzheimers-disease-experts-tell-when-to-seek-help-733275">Explained: Is forgetfulness a key indicator of Alzheimer's disease? Experts tell when to seek help</a>&nbsp;

Experts say&nbsp;that this trend is concerning because it indicates the shift in traditionally associated demographics with the condition. The major factor contributing to this condition is longer exposure to heat waves.&nbsp;

While responding to WION, Dr Amit Tiwari, Consultant - Urology, Manipal Hospital, Gurugram, highlighted how the issue has been affecting the younger generation. He said that kidney stones traditionally were seen among older adults. However, according to recent trends, there has been an increase in the number of younger adults being diagnosed with kidney stones. Various factors contribute to the rise, including sedentary lifestyle, environmental factors like heat waves and eating habits.&nbsp;

Dr Tirthankar Mohanty, Consultant Nephrologist, Manipal Hospital, Ghaziabad told WION, "As the ambient temperature goes up, we tend to lose more water through sweat. This tends to make us dehydrated, and as you know, kidney stones are salt crystals predominantly made of calcium, which will tend to get deposited at a higher rate if you are dehydrated."&nbsp;

Dr Pankaj Kumar Gupta, Consultant Urologist, Department of Urology, The Calcutta Medical Research Institute (CMRI), told WION: "These days there has been a rise in kidney stone formation and related complications including infections in kidneys and kidney failure among young people. Hot weather conditions, busy lifestyles and unhealthy diets are the primary reasons behind kidney-related diseases."&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/heatwave-in-india-leads-to-alarming-rise-in-fainting-episodes-more-needs-to-be-done-to-address-the-issue-716748">Heatwave in India leads to alarming rise in fainting episodes. More needs to be done to address the issue</a>&nbsp;

<h2>What are the main factors and how to mitigate the issue?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Gupta said a sedentary lifestyle, eating outside food, having packaged food and dehydration may contribute to the formation of kidney stones as well as obstruct the spontaneous passage of small stones in the kidney. &nbsp;

Dr Tiwari explained that young people often underestimate the importance of adequate water intake, especially during sports and outdoor activities. This ignorance leads to serious health concerns. He added that it is important for everyone, particularly the younger population, to understand the value of hydration.&nbsp;

"You should drink at least three litres of liquids in a day or more if you work out or spend time in heat," Dr Tiwari said.&nbsp;

Not just intake of water, Dr Mohanty explained how the passing of urine plays its role. He said we must pass at least 2.5 litres of urine per day in order to prevent kidney stones. He agreed that it is very difficult to measure urine, hence one should take as much water as possible to make urine look white.&nbsp;

"If your urine looks yellow. Then it means you are dehydrated. You should increase your water intake," Dr Mohanty said.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-air-pollution-leads-to-rise-in-cases-of-respiratory-infections-like-influenza-what-are-preventive-measures-705828">Air pollution leads to rise in cases of respiratory infections like influenza. What are preventive measures?</a>&nbsp;

<h2>How does diet play its part in the formation of kidney stones?&nbsp;</h2>

Experts have said that we must have a balanced and healthy approach towards our kidney health. Food habits especially a high protein diet, salty food like pickles, dry fruit and less water intake are the main factors that create chances of kidney stones.&nbsp;

Dr Mohanty said that consuming less salt is beneficial for the health of the kidneys. He said that salt, which is sodium, tends to increase calcium removal through the urine, which increases the tendency for calcium stone formation. He also advised that one should consume fruits and vegetables because they tend to make your urine more alkaline, which prevents stone formation, especially the calcium oxalate, which happens to be the most common one around. He said that taking too much oxalate-containing food like spinach, nuts, etc. is not advisable.&nbsp;

He categorically mentioned that people should know that it is not a good idea to eliminate those foods from your diet altogether because they have some other health benefits. So as you hold onto their healthy foods, they should be taken in moderation.&nbsp;

Dr Tiwari chimed in saying including water-rich fruits and vegetables is beneficial. He also talked about the importance of awareness saying that universities and educational institutions also play a big part in informing the public about the risks of dehydration and the importance of maintaining regular fluid intake.&nbsp;

Rains have brought some respite in several parts of India from searing heatwave temperatures that troubled people, especially in the northern parts of the country.

Rains have brought some respite in several parts of India from searing heatwave temperatures that troubled people, especially in the northern parts of the country. However, the relief came with its own health-related problems linked to waterlogging and disruptions in medical facilities, affecting millions of people. The intense heatwave, when temperatures exceeded 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit), caused heat stroke cases and heat-related deaths. WION spoke to doctors to understand how the heatwave impacted our kidneys after a study by All India Institute Of Medical Sciences Delhi (AIIMS) revealed that there has been an increase in cases of kidney stones. Stone(s) in the kidney can be a painful and recurrent condition which is increasing in the younger population. Recently, it has been seen that there is a rise in kidney cases among youngsters. Kidney stones are deposits of minerals and salts that are formed inside the kidney. They affect parts of the urinary tract, from the kidney to the bladder. When the stone moves through the urinary tract, it causes a urinary tract infection, severe pain and vomiting. It can also cause other complications like fever and sepsis. Also read: Explained: Is forgetfulness a key indicator of Alzheimer's disease? Experts tell when to seek help Experts say that this trend is concerning because it indicates the shift in traditionally associated demographics with the condition. The major factor contributing to this condition is longer exposure to heat waves. While responding to WION, Dr Amit Tiwari, Consultant - Urology, Manipal Hospital, Gurugram, highlighted how the issue has been affecting the younger generation. He said that kidney stones traditionally were seen among older adults. However, according to recent trends, there has been an increase in the number of younger adults being diagnosed with kidney stones. Various factors contribute to the rise, including sedentary lifestyle, environmental factors like heat waves and eating habits. Dr Tirthankar Mohanty, Consultant Nephrologist, Manipal Hospital, Ghaziabad told WION, "As the ambient temperature goes up, we tend to lose more water through sweat. This tends to make us dehydrated, and as you know, kidney stones are salt crystals predominantly made of calcium, which will tend to get deposited at a higher rate if you are dehydrated." Dr Pankaj Kumar Gupta, Consultant Urologist, Department of Urology, The Calcutta Medical Research Institute (CMRI), told WION: "These days there has been a rise in kidney stone formation and related complications including infections in kidneys and kidney failure among young people. Hot weather conditions, busy lifestyles and unhealthy diets are the primary reasons behind kidney-related diseases." Also read: Heatwave in India leads to alarming rise in fainting episodes. More needs to be done to address the issue What are the main factors and how to mitigate the issue? Dr Gupta said a sedentary lifestyle, eating outside food, having packaged food and dehydration may contribute to the formation of kidney stones as well as obstruct the spontaneous passage of small stones in the kidney. Dr Tiwari explained that young people often underestimate the importance of adequate water intake, especially during sports and outdoor activities. This ignorance leads to serious health concerns. He added that it is important for everyone, particularly the younger population, to understand the value of hydration. "You should drink at least three litres of liquids in a day or more if you work out or spend time in heat," Dr Tiwari said. Not just intake of water, Dr Mohanty explained how the passing of urine plays its role. He said we must pass at least 2.5 litres of urine per day in order to prevent kidney stones. He agreed that it is very difficult to measure urine, hence one should take as much water as possible to make urine look white. "If your urine looks yellow. Then it means you are dehydrated. You should increase your water intake," Dr Mohanty said. Also read: Air pollution leads to rise in cases of respiratory infections like influenza. What are preventive measures? How does diet play its part in the formation of kidney stones? Experts have said that we must have a balanced and healthy approach towards our kidney health. Food habits especially a high protein diet, salty food like pickles, dry fruit and less water intake are the main factors that create chances of kidney stones. Dr Mohanty said that consuming less salt is beneficial for the health of the kidneys. He said that salt, which is sodium, tends to increase calcium removal through the urine, which increases the tendency for calcium stone formation. He also advised that one should consume fruits and vegetables because they tend to make your urine more alkaline, which prevents stone formation, especially the calcium oxalate, which happens to be the most common one around. He said that taking too much oxalate-containing food like spinach, nuts, etc. is not advisable. He categorically mentioned that people should know that it is not a good idea to eliminate those foods from your diet altogether because they have some other health benefits. So as you hold onto their healthy foods, they should be taken in moderation. Dr Tiwari chimed in saying including water-rich fruits and vegetables is beneficial. He also talked about the importance of awareness saying that universities and educational institutions also play a big part in informing the public about the risks of dehydration and the importance of maintaining regular fluid intake.

Explainer: Experts tell why kidney stone cases rise among young people due to heatwave

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal. Dementia includes the loss of cognitive functioning — thinking, remembering, learning and reasoning.&nbsp;

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia. Notably, everyone with forgetfulness doesn't have Alzheimer's. Experts have often noted that there are many causes of memory loss and cognitive decline, ranging from stress and depression to medications and other medical conditions.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/infant-formula-revolution-scientists-modify-tobacco-like-plant-to-produce-human-breast-milk-nutrients-732547">Infant formula revolution? Scientists modify tobacco-like plant to produce human breast milk nutrients</a>&nbsp;

People frequently ask whether or not forgetfulness is always a sign of Alzheimer's disease and when exactly to seek help. Well, forgetfulness can indeed be a sign of Alzheimer's disease, especially when it is persistent and begins to interfere with daily life.&nbsp;

While occasional forgetfulness is common for many people, particularly as they age, Alzheimer's disease involves progressive cognitive decline that goes beyond normal age-related changes.&nbsp;

WION reached out to experts to know more about it and get detailed insight into what exactly needs to be done when we come across someone who is experiencing persistent or worsening forgetfulness or other cognitive symptoms.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/how-long-you-pee-might-signal-bladder-health-731649">Scientifically speaking, THIS is how much time one should spend peeing</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Is forgetfulness always a sign of Alzheimer's disease?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Mahendra JV, HOD &amp; Consultant - Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Institute of Neurosciences, Ramaiah Memorial Hospital told WION, "Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases."&nbsp;

Dr Mahendra explained that it is critical to distinguish between normal age-related forgetfulness and symptoms that will indicate Alzheimer's. He said that normal forgetfulness can include losing things from time to time or occasionally forgetting names but remembering them later.&nbsp;

In contrast, Alzheimer's-related memory loss includes forgetting recently learned information, asking the same questions repeatedly, or having trouble with familiar tasks like managing finances or following a recipe.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/want-a-better-deal-your-facial-expressions-matter-most-while-negotiating-731526">Want a better deal? Your facial expressions matter most while negotiating</a>&nbsp;

Dr VP Singh, Chairman, Neurosurgery, Neurosciences, Medanta, Gurugram told WION, "It's important to know the difference between benign memory lapses and something more serious like Alzheimer's disease."

Forgetfulness in Alzheimer's tends to be more severe and it disrupts daily life, Dr Singh added.&nbsp;

Dr Nishant Shanker Yagnick – Consultant, Neurosurgery- Manipal Hospital, Gurugram told WION, "Memory of an individual can also be impacted by depression and anxiety. Addressing these conditions can help in the improvement of memory. Quality sleep is important for good mental health. Conditions like vitamin deficiencies and thyroid and chronic infections also affect memory. These are curable conditions and treating the underlying condition can also restore the functioning of the brain."&nbsp;

Dr Ritu Jha, Director &amp; HOD - Neurology, Neurosciences, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad told WION, "Dementia is diagnosed after ruling out common reversible conditions like medication overdose, emotional disturbances, hormonal imbalance, vitamin B12 deficiency or some structural lesion in the brain."&nbsp;

<h2>When should one&nbsp;seek help for memory loss?&nbsp;</h2>

While age is one of the prominent factors resulting in Alzheimer's disease, genetics also play a major role. Most cases are not directly inherited, having a family history of the condition increases the risk. Specific genes such as the APOE ε4 allele are known to influence susceptibility to Alzheimer's.&nbsp;

A history of severe head trauma, particularly repeated concussions, has been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life. Factors such as low levels of education, social isolation, and certain sleep disorders may also contribute to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease.&nbsp;

All experts said that early diagnosis is the key to managing Alzheimer's and other types of dementia. Experts have said that if you or a loved one are experiencing frequent memory lapses, it is essential to seek medical advice.&nbsp;

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia can lead to better management of the condition and improve the quality of life. It can also provide access to treatments that help slow the progression of symptoms.&nbsp;

Dr Yagnick said, "Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is one of the treatment options being explored for Alzheimer's. It involves implanting a device that sends electrical signals to specific areas of the brain. These signals can help regulate abnormal impulses in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function and memory. While still in the experimental stages for Alzheimer's, DBS has shown promise in treating other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease."&nbsp;

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal.

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal. Dementia includes the loss of cognitive functioning — thinking, remembering, learning and reasoning. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia. Notably, everyone with forgetfulness doesn't have Alzheimer's. Experts have often noted that there are many causes of memory loss and cognitive decline, ranging from stress and depression to medications and other medical conditions. Also read: Infant formula revolution? Scientists modify tobacco-like plant to produce human breast milk nutrients People frequently ask whether or not forgetfulness is always a sign of Alzheimer's disease and when exactly to seek help. Well, forgetfulness can indeed be a sign of Alzheimer's disease, especially when it is persistent and begins to interfere with daily life. While occasional forgetfulness is common for many people, particularly as they age, Alzheimer's disease involves progressive cognitive decline that goes beyond normal age-related changes. WION reached out to experts to know more about it and get detailed insight into what exactly needs to be done when we come across someone who is experiencing persistent or worsening forgetfulness or other cognitive symptoms. Also read: Scientifically speaking, THIS is how much time one should spend peeing Is forgetfulness always a sign of Alzheimer's disease? Dr Mahendra JV, HOD & Consultant - Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Institute of Neurosciences, Ramaiah Memorial Hospital told WION, "Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases." Dr Mahendra explained that it is critical to distinguish between normal age-related forgetfulness and symptoms that will indicate Alzheimer's. He said that normal forgetfulness can include losing things from time to time or occasionally forgetting names but remembering them later. In contrast, Alzheimer's-related memory loss includes forgetting recently learned information, asking the same questions repeatedly, or having trouble with familiar tasks like managing finances or following a recipe. Also read: Want a better deal? Your facial expressions matter most while negotiating Dr VP Singh, Chairman, Neurosurgery, Neurosciences, Medanta, Gurugram told WION, "It's important to know the difference between benign memory lapses and something more serious like Alzheimer's disease." Forgetfulness in Alzheimer's tends to be more severe and it disrupts daily life, Dr Singh added. Dr Nishant Shanker Yagnick – Consultant, Neurosurgery- Manipal Hospital, Gurugram told WION, "Memory of an individual can also be impacted by depression and anxiety. Addressing these conditions can help in the improvement of memory. Quality sleep is important for good mental health. Conditions like vitamin deficiencies and thyroid and chronic infections also affect memory. These are curable conditions and treating the underlying condition can also restore the functioning of the brain." Dr Ritu Jha, Director & HOD - Neurology, Neurosciences, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad told WION, "Dementia is diagnosed after ruling out common reversible conditions like medication overdose, emotional disturbances, hormonal imbalance, vitamin B12 deficiency or some structural lesion in the brain." When should one seek help for memory loss? While age is one of the prominent factors resulting in Alzheimer's disease, genetics also play a major role. Most cases are not directly inherited, having a family history of the condition increases the risk. Specific genes such as the APOE ε4 allele are known to influence susceptibility to Alzheimer's. A history of severe head trauma, particularly repeated concussions, has been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life. Factors such as low levels of education, social isolation, and certain sleep disorders may also contribute to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease. All experts said that early diagnosis is the key to managing Alzheimer's and other types of dementia. Experts have said that if you or a loved one are experiencing frequent memory lapses, it is essential to seek medical advice. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia can lead to better management of the condition and improve the quality of life. It can also provide access to treatments that help slow the progression of symptoms. Dr Yagnick said, "Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is one of the treatment options being explored for Alzheimer's. It involves implanting a device that sends electrical signals to specific areas of the brain. These signals can help regulate abnormal impulses in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function and memory. While still in the experimental stages for Alzheimer's, DBS has shown promise in treating other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease."

Explained: Is forgetfulness a key indicator of Alzheimer's disease? Experts tell when to seek help

Fish oil, which is derived from the tissues of oily fish, can cause first-time heart problems to otherwise healthy people. Fish oils contain omega-3 fatty and their supplements are commonly used to reduce cardiovascular risk, but a <a href="https://bmjmedicine.bmj.com/content/3/1/e000451">new study</a>, published this week in BMJ Medicine, revealed that it might be doing the opposite.&nbsp;

Researchers analysed nearly 12 years of data from the UK Biobank study&nbsp;conducted from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2010, with a follow-up until March 31, 2021.&nbsp;

The research involved more than 415,000 participants aged between 40 and 69 years living in the United Kingdom. Nearly one-third of the people said they regularly took fish oil supplements, and those people were more likely to be women, older, and White.&nbsp;

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"Regular use of fish oil supplements might be a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and stroke among the general population, but could be beneficial for progression of cardiovascular disease from atrial fibrillation to major adverse cardiovascular events, and from atrial fibrillation to death," the researchers wrote in the study, which was published in The BMJ (British Medical Journal).&nbsp;

Fish oil was associated with a 13 per cent increased risk of atrial fibrillation as a first-time cardiac condition, as well as a 5 per cent increased risk of stroke.&nbsp;

Notably, the researchers also found that people with cardiovascular illness who took fish oil supplements had a 15 per cent lower chance of advancing from atrial fibrillation to a heart attack. They also had a 9 per cent lower risk of going from heart failure to death.&nbsp;

What is atrial fibrillation? It is an irregular (and sometimes very rapid) heart rhythm that increases the chance of suffering a stroke.&nbsp;

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Considering the findings, the authors wrote that "further studies are needed to determine the precise mechanisms for the development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease events with regular use of fish oil supplements".&nbsp;

It is advisable that people must consult an expert&nbsp;or doctors before consuming any supplements.&nbsp;

Fish oil, which is derived from the tissues of oily fish, can cause first-time heart problems to otherwise healthy people. Fish oils contain omega-3 fatty and their supplements are commonly used to reduce cardiovascular risk, but a new study, published this week in BMJ Medicine, revealed that it might be doing the opposite.

Fish oil, which is derived from the tissues of oily fish, can cause first-time heart problems to otherwise healthy people. Fish oils contain omega-3 fatty and their supplements are commonly used to reduce cardiovascular risk, but a new study, published this week in BMJ Medicine, revealed that it might be doing the opposite. Researchers analysed nearly 12 years of data from the UK Biobank study conducted from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2010, with a follow-up until March 31, 2021. The research involved more than 415,000 participants aged between 40 and 69 years living in the United Kingdom. Nearly one-third of the people said they regularly took fish oil supplements, and those people were more likely to be women, older, and White. Also read: Doctors in India miraculously save three-year-old who accidentally inhaled LED bulb "Regular use of fish oil supplements might be a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and stroke among the general population, but could be beneficial for progression of cardiovascular disease from atrial fibrillation to major adverse cardiovascular events, and from atrial fibrillation to death," the researchers wrote in the study, which was published in The BMJ (British Medical Journal). Fish oil was associated with a 13 per cent increased risk of atrial fibrillation as a first-time cardiac condition, as well as a 5 per cent increased risk of stroke. Notably, the researchers also found that people with cardiovascular illness who took fish oil supplements had a 15 per cent lower chance of advancing from atrial fibrillation to a heart attack. They also had a 9 per cent lower risk of going from heart failure to death. What is atrial fibrillation? It is an irregular (and sometimes very rapid) heart rhythm that increases the chance of suffering a stroke. Also read: Beware! Your ready-to-eat ultra-processed food may be readying you for stroke and dementia Considering the findings, the authors wrote that "further studies are needed to determine the precise mechanisms for the development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease events with regular use of fish oil supplements". It is advisable that people must consult an expert or doctors before consuming any supplements.

Are fish oil supplements causing more harm to the heart than good?

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recently issued guidelines which suggested that even home-cooked food can be unhealthy if not prepared properly.&nbsp;

It is a preconceived notion that home-cooked meals are healthier options as compared to junk food. But in its latest dietary guidelines, ICMR said, "Even home-made foods may become unhealthy if prepared with high fat, high sugar or salt."&nbsp;

ICMR has warned that foods high in fats, sugar or salt (HFSS) are harmful to health because they contain less micronutrients and fibre. They are also calorie-dense. The medical research also mentioned that saturated fat raises the risk of obesity. Ghee or butter, coconut oil, palm oil, and vanaspati all include saturated fats.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/consumption-of-coffee-might-lower-risks-of-parkinsons-study-finds-725355">Consumption of coffee might lower risks of Parkinson's, study finds</a>&nbsp;

"...t also deprives one of the healthy foods that provide essential macronutrients (amino acids and fats), fibre, and micronutrients such as vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, and bio-active substances," the guidelines read.&nbsp;

"High-fat or high-sugar foods cause inflammation and affect the gut microbiota, which changes quickly with diet. This increases the risk of NCDs. Foods with high salt increase the risk of hypertension and tax the kidneys. Hence, high salt intake is unhealthy," the guidelines further added.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/raw-milk-contaminated-with-bird-flu-virus-damaging-multiple-organs-of-mice-study-725263">Raw milk contaminated with bird-flu virus damaging multiple organs of mice: study</a>

ICMR said that a lack of essential amino acids, fatty acids, and micronutrients in the diet can cause anaemia. It can impair cognition and harm learning ability. It can also increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes.&nbsp;

"High fat or high sugar foods cause inflammation and affect the gut microbiota, which changes quickly with diet. This increases the risk of NCDs. Foods with high salt increase the risk of hypertension and tax the kidneys. Hence, high salt intake is unhealthy," it stated.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recently issued guidelines which suggested that even home-cooked food can be unhealthy if not prepared properly. It is a preconceived notion that home-cooked meals are healthier options as compared to junk food.

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recently issued guidelines which suggested that even home-cooked food can be unhealthy if not prepared properly. It is a preconceived notion that home-cooked meals are healthier options as compared to junk food. But in its latest dietary guidelines, ICMR said, "Even home-made foods may become unhealthy if prepared with high fat, high sugar or salt." ICMR has warned that foods high in fats, sugar or salt (HFSS) are harmful to health because they contain less micronutrients and fibre. They are also calorie-dense. The medical research also mentioned that saturated fat raises the risk of obesity. Ghee or butter, coconut oil, palm oil, and vanaspati all include saturated fats. Also read: Consumption of coffee might lower risks of Parkinson's, study finds "...t also deprives one of the healthy foods that provide essential macronutrients (amino acids and fats), fibre, and micronutrients such as vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, and bio-active substances," the guidelines read. "High-fat or high-sugar foods cause inflammation and affect the gut microbiota, which changes quickly with diet. This increases the risk of NCDs. Foods with high salt increase the risk of hypertension and tax the kidneys. Hence, high salt intake is unhealthy," the guidelines further added. Also read: Raw milk contaminated with bird-flu virus damaging multiple organs of mice: study ICMR said that a lack of essential amino acids, fatty acids, and micronutrients in the diet can cause anaemia. It can impair cognition and harm learning ability. It can also increase the risk of noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. "High fat or high sugar foods cause inflammation and affect the gut microbiota, which changes quickly with diet. This increases the risk of NCDs. Foods with high salt increase the risk of hypertension and tax the kidneys. Hence, high salt intake is unhealthy," it stated. (With inputs from agencies)

Are home-cooked meals ‘unhealthy’? ICMR guidelines answer this crucial question

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks worldwide. A new study tells how consuming caffeine can significantly lower the risk of Parkinson's disease in individuals.&nbsp;

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative condition affecting memory and cognitive functions, in which the effects on people's brains get worse over time, but the condition usually takes time.&nbsp;

It is still unclear what causes the illness. Several experts and researchers believe it happens due to genetic and environmental factors.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/worlds-life-expectancy-is-lowest-in-over-a-decade-due-to-covid-who-725276">World's life expectancy is lowest in over a decade due to Covid: WHO</a>&nbsp;

Currently, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. Hence, the focus should be on how to lower the risk, specifically among those who are genetically at higher risk.&nbsp;

Researchers of the latest <a href="https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000209201">study</a>, published in Neurology in the month of April, analysed data collected on 184,024 individuals across an average of 13 years.&nbsp;

According to the international team of researchers, coffee consumers had a lower risk of getting Parkinson's as compared to those who didn't drink coffee at all.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/raw-milk-contaminated-with-bird-flu-virus-damaging-multiple-organs-of-mice-study-725263">Raw milk contaminated with bird-flu virus damaging multiple organs of mice: study</a>&nbsp;

The researchers further analysed the samples of hundreds of Parkinson's patients and examined levels of the key metabolites caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline in the blood, revealing an inverse relationship with the likelihood of developing Parkinson's.&nbsp;

In their published paper, the researchers wrote, "This study demonstrated an inverse association of caffeinated coffee consumption with the risk of Parkinson's disease in one of the largest longitudinal cohorts worldwide with more than 20 years of follow-up."&nbsp;

"These neuroprotective effects align with our findings, which revealed an inverse association between caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline and the incidence of Parkinson's disease," the researchers further wrote.&nbsp;

This is not the first study that has connected the consumption of caffeine to Parkinson's condition. A study published last November in the journal The Lancet said that drinking tea and coffee containing caffeine can significantly reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease in Asian individuals who are genetically at higher risk. The study was from the National Neuroscience Institute in Singapore.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks worldwide. A new study tells how consuming caffeine can significantly lower the risk of Parkinson's disease in individuals.

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks worldwide. A new study tells how consuming caffeine can significantly lower the risk of Parkinson's disease in individuals. Parkinson's disease is a degenerative condition affecting memory and cognitive functions, in which the effects on people's brains get worse over time, but the condition usually takes time. It is still unclear what causes the illness. Several experts and researchers believe it happens due to genetic and environmental factors. Also read: World's life expectancy is lowest in over a decade due to Covid: WHO Currently, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. Hence, the focus should be on how to lower the risk, specifically among those who are genetically at higher risk. Researchers of the latest study, published in Neurology in the month of April, analysed data collected on 184,024 individuals across an average of 13 years. According to the international team of researchers, coffee consumers had a lower risk of getting Parkinson's as compared to those who didn't drink coffee at all. Also read: Raw milk contaminated with bird-flu virus damaging multiple organs of mice: study The researchers further analysed the samples of hundreds of Parkinson's patients and examined levels of the key metabolites caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline in the blood, revealing an inverse relationship with the likelihood of developing Parkinson's. In their published paper, the researchers wrote, "This study demonstrated an inverse association of caffeinated coffee consumption with the risk of Parkinson's disease in one of the largest longitudinal cohorts worldwide with more than 20 years of follow-up." "These neuroprotective effects align with our findings, which revealed an inverse association between caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline and the incidence of Parkinson's disease," the researchers further wrote. This is not the first study that has connected the consumption of caffeine to Parkinson's condition. A study published last November in the journal The Lancet said that drinking tea and coffee containing caffeine can significantly reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease in Asian individuals who are genetically at higher risk. The study was from the National Neuroscience Institute in Singapore. (With inputs from agencies)

Consumption of coffee might lower risks of Parkinson's, study finds

A recently published research claimed to have established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer. The <a href="https://ascopubs.org/doi/abs/10.1200/JCO.23.02037?journalCode=jco">study</a>, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on Wednesday (May 15), found that usage of talcum powder in the genitals was linked to ovarian cancer, which begins in the female organs that produce eggs (ovaries).&nbsp;

The risk is higher for those who frequently use the powder frequently or for long periods of time.

Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has progressed to the pelvis and stomach. At this stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat and may be fatal.&nbsp;

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In the study, researchers from the National Institutes of Health examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone-related cancers.&nbsp;

The report is based on data from the Sister Study, which enrolled more than 50,884 women in the United States from 2003 to 2009.&nbsp;

Data on genital talc use and douching were collected at enrollment (2003-2009) and follow-up (2017-2019).&nbsp;

The women had participated when they were 35 to 74 years old, and each had a sister who had been diagnosed with breast cancer - a situation which put them at higher risk for breast or ovarian cancer.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/infertility-treatment-doubles-the-risk-of-heart-disease-within-first-month-of-delivery-study-722072">Infertility treatment doubles the risk of heart disease within first month of delivery: Study</a>&nbsp;

The researchers found that 41%-64% of participants douched and 35%-56% used genital talc across considered scenarios.&nbsp;

"Frequent douching and douching during young adulthood were positively associated with ovarian cancer, but neither douching nor talc was associated with breast or uterine cancer," the study mentioned.&nbsp;

Watch: Singapore monitoring new Covid-19 wave as infections rise

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A report by the American Cancer Society mentioned that when talking about whether "talcum powder is linked to cancer, it is important to distinguish between talc that contains asbestos and talc that is asbestos-free".&nbsp;

It noted that talc that has asbestos is generally accepted as being able to cause cancer if it is inhaled. The evidence about asbestos-free talc is less clear. The report was last revised on December 6, 2022.&nbsp;

It also stated that "many studies in women have looked at the possible link between talcum powder and ovarian cancer. Findings have been mixed, with some studies reporting a slightly increased risk and some reporting no increase".&nbsp; 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

A recently published research claimed to have established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on Wednesday (May 15), found that usage of talcum powder in the genitals was linked to ovarian cancer, which begins in the female organs that produce eggs (ovaries).

A recently published research claimed to have established a link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on Wednesday (May 15), found that usage of talcum powder in the genitals was linked to ovarian cancer, which begins in the female organs that produce eggs (ovaries). The risk is higher for those who frequently use the powder frequently or for long periods of time. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has progressed to the pelvis and stomach. At this stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat and may be fatal. Also read: Sleep wrinkles: How to prevent them and preserve your skin In the study, researchers from the National Institutes of Health examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone-related cancers. The report is based on data from the Sister Study, which enrolled more than 50,884 women in the United States from 2003 to 2009. Data on genital talc use and douching were collected at enrollment (2003-2009) and follow-up (2017-2019). The women had participated when they were 35 to 74 years old, and each had a sister who had been diagnosed with breast cancer - a situation which put them at higher risk for breast or ovarian cancer. Also read: Infertility treatment doubles the risk of heart disease within first month of delivery: Study The researchers found that 41%-64% of participants douched and 35%-56% used genital talc across considered scenarios. "Frequent douching and douching during young adulthood were positively associated with ovarian cancer, but neither douching nor talc was associated with breast or uterine cancer," the study mentioned. Watch: Singapore monitoring new Covid-19 wave as infections rise × A report by the American Cancer Society mentioned that when talking about whether "talcum powder is linked to cancer, it is important to distinguish between talc that contains asbestos and talc that is asbestos-free". It noted that talc that has asbestos is generally accepted as being able to cause cancer if it is inhaled. The evidence about asbestos-free talc is less clear. The report was last revised on December 6, 2022. It also stated that "many studies in women have looked at the possible link between talcum powder and ovarian cancer. Findings have been mixed, with some studies reporting a slightly increased risk and some reporting no increase". (With inputs from agencies)

New research finds link between talcum powder use and ovarian cancer

A recent study found that consuming a spoonful of olive oil a day could lower the risk of dying from dementia. The <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2818362">study</a>&nbsp;was published in JAMA Network Open on Monday (May 6).

Dementia is not a specific disease, it is, however, a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interfere with everyday basic activities. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia.

To conduct the study, researchers observed more than 90,000 adults in the United States over 28 years. A total of 65 per cent of whom were female. At the beginning of the study, the mean age was 56. The study mentioned that there were a combined 92,383 participants in the study.&nbsp;&nbsp;

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There were two groups for the study. The group of women was from the Nurses' Health Study from 1990 to 2018, meanwhile, the male cohort was from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. The men's group was also from the same years as the women. The study mentioned that all subjects were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer from baseline.

According to the research, those who consumed more than seven grammes of olive oil daily, which is roughly about half a tablespoon, had significantly lower dementia-related mortality rates as compared to those who consumed less than that amount.

There were 37,649 total deaths and 4,751 dementia-related deaths during the course of the study. The researchers used to assess the olive oil intake every four years using a food frequency questionnaire.

"These findings provide evidence to support dietary recommendations advocating for the use of olive oil and other vegetable oils as a potential strategy to maintain overall health and prevent dementia," the study stated.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ultra-processed-foods-at-higher-risk-of-premature-death-reveals-30-year-study-719666">With ultra-processed foods, one is at higher risk of premature death, reveals 30-year study</a>&nbsp;

While the study acknowledged that increased olive oil use could indicate a healthier diet, it also suggested that olive oil could reduce dementia mortality by improving vascular health.

Caroline Thomason, RD, CDCES, a dietitian based in Washington, D.C. who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today: "This study is interesting and makes sense to me because we have a lot of research on monounsaturated fats and brain and cognitive health."

"There seems to be a positive correlation between eating heart-healthy fats like olive oil and improved brain health," Thomason added.

A recent study found that consuming a spoonful of olive oil a day could lower the risk of dying from dementia. The study was published in JAMA Network Open on Monday (May 6).

A recent study found that consuming a spoonful of olive oil a day could lower the risk of dying from dementia. The study was published in JAMA Network Open on Monday (May 6). Dementia is not a specific disease, it is, however, a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interfere with everyday basic activities. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia. To conduct the study, researchers observed more than 90,000 adults in the United States over 28 years. A total of 65 per cent of whom were female. At the beginning of the study, the mean age was 56. The study mentioned that there were a combined 92,383 participants in the study. Also read: New study reveals that your body's cells age rapidly within a day There were two groups for the study. The group of women was from the Nurses' Health Study from 1990 to 2018, meanwhile, the male cohort was from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. The men's group was also from the same years as the women. The study mentioned that all subjects were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer from baseline. According to the research, those who consumed more than seven grammes of olive oil daily, which is roughly about half a tablespoon, had significantly lower dementia-related mortality rates as compared to those who consumed less than that amount. There were 37,649 total deaths and 4,751 dementia-related deaths during the course of the study. The researchers used to assess the olive oil intake every four years using a food frequency questionnaire. "These findings provide evidence to support dietary recommendations advocating for the use of olive oil and other vegetable oils as a potential strategy to maintain overall health and prevent dementia," the study stated. Also read: With ultra-processed foods, one is at higher risk of premature death, reveals 30-year study While the study acknowledged that increased olive oil use could indicate a healthier diet, it also suggested that olive oil could reduce dementia mortality by improving vascular health. Caroline Thomason, RD, CDCES, a dietitian based in Washington, D.C. who was not involved in the study, told Medical News Today: "This study is interesting and makes sense to me because we have a lot of research on monounsaturated fats and brain and cognitive health." "There seems to be a positive correlation between eating heart-healthy fats like olive oil and improved brain health," Thomason added.

Consumption of olive oil could lower risk of dying from dementia: Study

In contrast to the popular stereotype, stoners aren’t lazy, a new study suggests. The study had found that constant cannabis users don’t appear to experience any reduction in motivation or willingness to exercise effort as a result of their consumption.

Despite common belief, people who use cannabis aren't actually lazy or unmotivated, as a recent study suggests that regular cannabis users show no signs of low motivation or a diminished willingness to put in effort due to their consumption.

The researchers enlisted 260 cannabis users from Reddit who reported getting high at least three times a week for recreational purposes, and not for medical reasons. Using a smartphone app, the participants were sent five questionnaires each day for a week, asking about their current state of intoxication and assessing their motivation levels.

"There is a stereotype that chronic cannabis users are lazy or unproductive," said study author Michael Inzlicht in a statement. "We found that's not the case—while their behaviour might shift slightly when they're high, our evidence indicates that they are not lazy or lacking in motivation at all."

In a series of trials, participants were given a choice: a simple task sorting numbers for a small payment, or a more complex math problem for a bigger reward. Interestingly, regardless of whether they were under the influence of cannabis or not, chronic cannabis users opted for the challenging task at similar rates.

Based on this observation, the study authors write that “when chronic users got high, they were no more motivated, no less motivated for extrinsic or intrinsic reasons, and no less willing to objectively push themselves.” Even more surprisingly, results showed that those with more extreme levels of cannabis use were often more up for a challenge than more moderate users.

Overall, results indicated that chronic cannabis users tend to consume the drug for the simple reason that it feels good and is “associated with a host of increased positive emotions such as awe, inspiration, and gratitude, as well as reduced stress and fear.”&nbsp;

“Interestingly, getting high was not associated with increased suspicion/paranoia among chronic users, contrary to popular depictions and even medical symptom lists,” continue the study authors.

(With inputs from agencies)

In contrast to the popular stereotype, stoners aren’t lazy, a new study suggests. The study had found that constant cannabis users don’t appear to experience any reduction in motivation or willingness to exercise effort as a result of their consumption.

In contrast to the popular stereotype, stoners aren’t lazy, a new study suggests. The study had found that constant cannabis users don’t appear to experience any reduction in motivation or willingness to exercise effort as a result of their consumption. Despite common belief, people who use cannabis aren't actually lazy or unmotivated, as a recent study suggests that regular cannabis users show no signs of low motivation or a diminished willingness to put in effort due to their consumption. The researchers enlisted 260 cannabis users from Reddit who reported getting high at least three times a week for recreational purposes, and not for medical reasons. Using a smartphone app, the participants were sent five questionnaires each day for a week, asking about their current state of intoxication and assessing their motivation levels. "There is a stereotype that chronic cannabis users are lazy or unproductive," said study author Michael Inzlicht in a statement. "We found that's not the case—while their behaviour might shift slightly when they're high, our evidence indicates that they are not lazy or lacking in motivation at all." In a series of trials, participants were given a choice: a simple task sorting numbers for a small payment, or a more complex math problem for a bigger reward. Interestingly, regardless of whether they were under the influence of cannabis or not, chronic cannabis users opted for the challenging task at similar rates. Based on this observation, the study authors write that “when chronic users got high, they were no more motivated, no less motivated for extrinsic or intrinsic reasons, and no less willing to objectively push themselves.” Even more surprisingly, results showed that those with more extreme levels of cannabis use were often more up for a challenge than more moderate users. Overall, results indicated that chronic cannabis users tend to consume the drug for the simple reason that it feels good and is “associated with a host of increased positive emotions such as awe, inspiration, and gratitude, as well as reduced stress and fear.” “Interestingly, getting high was not associated with increased suspicion/paranoia among chronic users, contrary to popular depictions and even medical symptom lists,” continue the study authors. (With inputs from agencies)

Regular cannabis use doesn’t lead to laziness or less motivation, study suggests

With an aging population facing a rise in chronic diseases like dementia, heart disease, and weak bones, there's a growing desire across all ages to live not just longer, but healthier.

For women in their 40s and 50s, it's not too late to take action. A study that monitored more than 11,000 women in Australia has found that midlife is a crucial time to meet physical activity guidelines of at least 150 minutes a week.

Women who consistently followed the guidelines for 15 years showed better physical health compared to those who didn't.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/lost-in-space-satellite-missing-since-1990s-located-in-earths-orbit-how-can-someone-lose-a-satellite-717732">'Lost in space': Satellite missing since 1990s located in Earth's orbit. How can someone lose a satellite?</a>

Even women who were not previously active saw significant benefits. By the final study, their physical test scores were practically on par with those who exercised regularly before their 50s – and a full 3 percentage points ahead of those who never followed the guidelines. While further research is needed to confirm these benefits in men, the results are promising.

"Our findings propose that to maintain good physical health-related quality of life at around age 70, one may be able to make up for not being active earlier by becoming active in the mid-50s," write the research team, led by scientists at the University of Sydney.

Interestingly, women in the study who only started exercising consistently in their 60s did not see the same benefits as those who started in their 50s.&nbsp;

Lead author Binh Nguyen, and her colleagues believe that is because there had not been enough physical activity for the health benefits to be evident by around age 70."

Regular exercise is hardly a new prescription for middle-aged people, or people of any age in reality. Many large population studies have linked physical activity to a lower risk of death, yet surprisingly, few long-term studies have tracked the health effects of exercise as a person ages.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/where-is-wally-us-man-says-his-emotional-support-alligator-has-gone-missing-717348">Where is Wally? US man says his 'emotional support' alligator has gone missing</a>

The study tracked 47- to 52-year-old women in Australia from 1998 to 2019, with intermittent check-ups for mental and physical health occurring every three years.

The study relied on self-reported physical activity, which can be prone to inaccuracy. However, even after accounting for social and economic background, diet, and other health factors, researchers observed a "small but meaningful" benefit.

"Combined with current evidence, this study add to growing evidence of the benefits of maintaining or adopting an active lifestyle in mid-age," the researchers concluded.

(With inputs from agencies)

With an aging population facing a rise in chronic diseases like dementia, heart disease, and weak bones, there's a growing desire across all ages to live not just longer, but healthier.

With an aging population facing a rise in chronic diseases like dementia, heart disease, and weak bones, there's a growing desire across all ages to live not just longer, but healthier. For women in their 40s and 50s, it's not too late to take action. A study that monitored more than 11,000 women in Australia has found that midlife is a crucial time to meet physical activity guidelines of at least 150 minutes a week. Women who consistently followed the guidelines for 15 years showed better physical health compared to those who didn't. Also read: 'Lost in space': Satellite missing since 1990s located in Earth's orbit. How can someone lose a satellite? Even women who were not previously active saw significant benefits. By the final study, their physical test scores were practically on par with those who exercised regularly before their 50s – and a full 3 percentage points ahead of those who never followed the guidelines. While further research is needed to confirm these benefits in men, the results are promising. "Our findings propose that to maintain good physical health-related quality of life at around age 70, one may be able to make up for not being active earlier by becoming active in the mid-50s," write the research team, led by scientists at the University of Sydney. Interestingly, women in the study who only started exercising consistently in their 60s did not see the same benefits as those who started in their 50s. Lead author Binh Nguyen, and her colleagues believe that is because there had not been enough physical activity for the health benefits to be evident by around age 70." Regular exercise is hardly a new prescription for middle-aged people, or people of any age in reality. Many large population studies have linked physical activity to a lower risk of death, yet surprisingly, few long-term studies have tracked the health effects of exercise as a person ages. Also read: Where is Wally? US man says his 'emotional support' alligator has gone missing The study tracked 47- to 52-year-old women in Australia from 1998 to 2019, with intermittent check-ups for mental and physical health occurring every three years. The study relied on self-reported physical activity, which can be prone to inaccuracy. However, even after accounting for social and economic background, diet, and other health factors, researchers observed a "small but meaningful" benefit. "Combined with current evidence, this study add to growing evidence of the benefits of maintaining or adopting an active lifestyle in mid-age," the researchers concluded. (With inputs from agencies)

Midlife exercise may improve health even after years of inactivity: Study

Microplastics are prevalent in our environment, raising major concerns about their impact on human and animal health.&nbsp;

A recent study in Environmental Health Perspectives revealed how consuming these tiny plastic particles are finding their way into human bodies and their presence in human brains.

According to the study authors, ingested microplastics spread from the gut to the brain, liver, and kidneys.

The entrance point could be by skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion (via trophic transfer or infected food).

“Our findings recommend that microplastic exposure can lead to metabolic changes in these tissues, indicating potential systemic effects,” study author Marcus Garcia, PharmD, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy said.

“The implications of our findings for human health are substantial.”

Microplastics, defined as plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size, are now widely found in our environment, contaminating soil, food, and water.

The study authors attempted to duplicate consumption of microplastics in a quantity that is similar to human exposure. Mice were exposed to different amounts of polystyrene or mixed polymer microspheres through oral gastric feeding.

After mice were fed microplastics, the researchers examined serum, brain, liver, kidney, and colon tissues to identify the presence of microplastics.

Alarmingly, researchers detected microplastics in the brain, liver, and kidneys of exposed mice. This discovery suggests that microplastics can travel beyond the gut and potentially reach distant organs throughout the body.

After microplastic exposure, they also found that specific metabolic changes occurred in the colon, liver, and brain.

“By exposing mice to levels of microplastics similar to human ingestion, we discovered that these particles can indeed migrate from the gut into organs such as the liver, kidney, and brain,” Garcia explained.

Microplastics and even smaller nanoplastics that enter the brain may disrupt its delicate functions. This disruption can lead to a series of problems, including loss of brain cells, abnormal protein failure and communication issues between neurons.&nbsp;

The overall consequence could be the development or worsening of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or even problems with brain development in children.

(With inputs from agencies)

Microplastics are prevalent in our environment, raising major concerns about their impact on human and animal health. A recent study in Environmental Health Perspectives revealed how consuming these tiny plastic particles are finding their way into human bodies and their presence in human brains.

Microplastics are prevalent in our environment, raising major concerns about their impact on human and animal health. A recent study in Environmental Health Perspectives revealed how consuming these tiny plastic particles are finding their way into human bodies and their presence in human brains. According to the study authors, ingested microplastics spread from the gut to the brain, liver, and kidneys. The entrance point could be by skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion (via trophic transfer or infected food). “Our findings recommend that microplastic exposure can lead to metabolic changes in these tissues, indicating potential systemic effects,” study author Marcus Garcia, PharmD, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy said. “The implications of our findings for human health are substantial.” Microplastics, defined as plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size, are now widely found in our environment, contaminating soil, food, and water. The study authors attempted to duplicate consumption of microplastics in a quantity that is similar to human exposure. Mice were exposed to different amounts of polystyrene or mixed polymer microspheres through oral gastric feeding. After mice were fed microplastics, the researchers examined serum, brain, liver, kidney, and colon tissues to identify the presence of microplastics. Alarmingly, researchers detected microplastics in the brain, liver, and kidneys of exposed mice. This discovery suggests that microplastics can travel beyond the gut and potentially reach distant organs throughout the body. After microplastic exposure, they also found that specific metabolic changes occurred in the colon, liver, and brain. “By exposing mice to levels of microplastics similar to human ingestion, we discovered that these particles can indeed migrate from the gut into organs such as the liver, kidney, and brain,” Garcia explained. Microplastics and even smaller nanoplastics that enter the brain may disrupt its delicate functions. This disruption can lead to a series of problems, including loss of brain cells, abnormal protein failure and communication issues between neurons. The overall consequence could be the development or worsening of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or even problems with brain development in children. (With inputs from agencies)

Microplastics may travel from gut to brain, new study finds

Teenagers teased by parents about their weight are more likely to struggle with body image well in their adulthood, regardless of their weight, a new study by the University of Bristol reveals.&nbsp;

The research, published in Lancet Regional Health Europe, shows that pressure from family to lose weight during adolescence can have lasting consequences on the children.

Thirteen-year-olds who felt pressure from family members to shed pounds and endured weight-based teasing showed higher levels of internalised weight stigma when they turned 31, according to research by the University of Bristol.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/for-malaysians-every-north-indian-is-a-bengali-googles-former-md-explains-ethnicity-confusion-711785">North Indians are mistaken for Bengalis in THIS country. The simple reasoning dates back to British rule</a>

Internalised weight stigma also means when people believe negative stereotype about weight and apply them to themselves. This can make them feel unattractive, incompetent, or even worthless, regardless of their actual size. It affects people of all weights, not just those with obesity or who are underweight.

The internalised stigma can be a major contributor to eating disorders and an unhealthy obsession with thinness, as per the study.

These negative feelings are fueled by pressure from parents, families, bullies, and even the media, leading to "strong and long-lasting effects on adult psychological health."

More than 4,000 children from in and around Bristol who were first studied in the 1990s and are now 33 were part of the study.

Children in their 13 were asked about how often their parents had made a comment about their weight and how much they were eating that made them feel bad, to what extent family members and people at school teased them about their weight or body shape, and how much pressure they felt to lose weight from family, friends and people they dated.

The researchers reached out to the original group of 4,060 participants 18 years later. Now adults, they were asked a series of questions to determine their current feelings about their weight. These questions delved into their self-esteem and body image, with statements like "I hate myself because of my weight" and "I am less attractive than most other people because of my weight."

The analysis revealed a clear link, those who experienced negative weight comments from parents, pressure to lose weight from family, or felt bombarded by similar messages from the media during their teenage years, showed the strongest association with internalized weight stigma as adults. &nbsp;The researchers highlighted the long-term consequences of such experiences.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/alien-mummies-conference-takes-bizarre-turn-after-ufologist-unveils-pregnant-alien-711844">'Alien mummies' conference takes bizarre turn after ufologist unveils 'pregnant' alien</a>

“The kids who get these comments from family members almost 20 years later have a more negative evaluation of themselves,” said Dr Amanda Hughes, a co-author of the report and a fellow at Bristol medical school’s department of population health science. “This is predicting a difference in people’s self-esteem and psychological health.”

She urged parents to “be really careful” when they talk to children about weight.

“This isn’t to say you shouldn’t be promoting healthy eating or saying exercise is a good thing, but it is about why you are making that case,” she said. “It’s about encouraging healthy eating practices for their own sake or because it makes you feel good. Don’t make it about ‘you need to be thin to be good’.”

(With inputs from agencies)

Teenagers teased by parents about their weight are more likely to struggle with body image well in their adulthood, regardless of their weight, a new study by the University of Bristol reveals.

Teenagers teased by parents about their weight are more likely to struggle with body image well in their adulthood, regardless of their weight, a new study by the University of Bristol reveals. The research, published in Lancet Regional Health Europe, shows that pressure from family to lose weight during adolescence can have lasting consequences on the children. Thirteen-year-olds who felt pressure from family members to shed pounds and endured weight-based teasing showed higher levels of internalised weight stigma when they turned 31, according to research by the University of Bristol. Also read: North Indians are mistaken for Bengalis in THIS country. The simple reasoning dates back to British rule Internalised weight stigma also means when people believe negative stereotype about weight and apply them to themselves. This can make them feel unattractive, incompetent, or even worthless, regardless of their actual size. It affects people of all weights, not just those with obesity or who are underweight. The internalised stigma can be a major contributor to eating disorders and an unhealthy obsession with thinness, as per the study. These negative feelings are fueled by pressure from parents, families, bullies, and even the media, leading to "strong and long-lasting effects on adult psychological health." More than 4,000 children from in and around Bristol who were first studied in the 1990s and are now 33 were part of the study. Children in their 13 were asked about how often their parents had made a comment about their weight and how much they were eating that made them feel bad, to what extent family members and people at school teased them about their weight or body shape, and how much pressure they felt to lose weight from family, friends and people they dated. The researchers reached out to the original group of 4,060 participants 18 years later. Now adults, they were asked a series of questions to determine their current feelings about their weight. These questions delved into their self-esteem and body image, with statements like "I hate myself because of my weight" and "I am less attractive than most other people because of my weight." The analysis revealed a clear link, those who experienced negative weight comments from parents, pressure to lose weight from family, or felt bombarded by similar messages from the media during their teenage years, showed the strongest association with internalized weight stigma as adults. The researchers highlighted the long-term consequences of such experiences. Also read: 'Alien mummies' conference takes bizarre turn after ufologist unveils 'pregnant' alien “The kids who get these comments from family members almost 20 years later have a more negative evaluation of themselves,” said Dr Amanda Hughes, a co-author of the report and a fellow at Bristol medical school’s department of population health science. “This is predicting a difference in people’s self-esteem and psychological health.” She urged parents to “be really careful” when they talk to children about weight. “This isn’t to say you shouldn’t be promoting healthy eating or saying exercise is a good thing, but it is about why you are making that case,” she said. “It’s about encouraging healthy eating practices for their own sake or because it makes you feel good. Don’t make it about ‘you need to be thin to be good’.” (With inputs from agencies)

Teasing kids about weight linked to long-term body image issues, study finds

Many bandages contain chemicals called polyfluorinated substances or PFAS, which are linked to health problems and don't break down in the environment, a recent study shows.

The study conducted by Mamavation and Environment and Health News, tested approximately 40 bandages from 18 brands and found considerable levels of PFAS in 26 of them, including known brands like Band-Aid and Curad.&nbsp;

These findings raise concerns about possible health risks from these bandages that are being used widely.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-cdc-issues-advisory-for-bird-flu-crisis-in-country-heres-look-at-the-precautions-708265">US CDC issues advisory for bird flu crisis in country. Here's look at the precautions</a>

Studies suggest these PFAS can weaken our immune system's ability to fight infections and make vaccines less effective. They might also affect how children learn and develop, and even lead to fertility issues. Some research even suggests links to hormonal problems, certain cancers, and other health concerns.

A recent study by Mamavation and EHN.org is concerning. Around 26 bandages tested recently contain detectable levels of organic fluorine from 11 parts per million to 239 ppm.

Scientist emeritus and former director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Linda S. Birnbaum said that it is concerning to learn that bandages applied to open wounds could lead children and adults to exposure of PFAS.

What is PFAS?

The PFAS are also known as ‘forever chemicals’ because they are highly resistant to degradation and can remain inside the human body. They can build up inside us for years, and potentially cause damage.

Why Are PFAS Used in Bandages?

As per Mamavation, PFAS chemicals are&nbsp;used in bandages for their waterproof qualities. These chemicals have been linked to different health concerns, which are related to growth, obesity, and reproduction and different tests for cancers.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-hubble-telescope-shows-stunning-image-of-tarantula-nebula-ignites-wonder-among-space-enthusiasts-708192">NASA's Hubble telescope shows stunning image of Tarantula Nebula, ignites wonder among space enthusiasts</a>

PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are synthetic chemicals resistant to heat, grease, oil, stains and water and can also be&nbsp;found in products like adhesives, nonstick cookware and food packaging.

(With inputs from agencies)

Many bandages contain chemicals called polyfluorinated substances or PFAS, which are linked to health problems and don't break down in the environment, a recent study shows.

Many bandages contain chemicals called polyfluorinated substances or PFAS, which are linked to health problems and don't break down in the environment, a recent study shows. The study conducted by Mamavation and Environment and Health News, tested approximately 40 bandages from 18 brands and found considerable levels of PFAS in 26 of them, including known brands like Band-Aid and Curad. These findings raise concerns about possible health risks from these bandages that are being used widely. Also read: US CDC issues advisory for bird flu crisis in country. Here's look at the precautions Studies suggest these PFAS can weaken our immune system's ability to fight infections and make vaccines less effective. They might also affect how children learn and develop, and even lead to fertility issues. Some research even suggests links to hormonal problems, certain cancers, and other health concerns. A recent study by Mamavation and EHN.org is concerning. Around 26 bandages tested recently contain detectable levels of organic fluorine from 11 parts per million to 239 ppm. Scientist emeritus and former director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Linda S. Birnbaum said that it is concerning to learn that bandages applied to open wounds could lead children and adults to exposure of PFAS. What is PFAS? The PFAS are also known as ‘forever chemicals’ because they are highly resistant to degradation and can remain inside the human body. They can build up inside us for years, and potentially cause damage. Why Are PFAS Used in Bandages? As per Mamavation, PFAS chemicals are used in bandages for their waterproof qualities. These chemicals have been linked to different health concerns, which are related to growth, obesity, and reproduction and different tests for cancers. Also read: NASA's Hubble telescope shows stunning image of Tarantula Nebula, ignites wonder among space enthusiasts PFAS, or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are synthetic chemicals resistant to heat, grease, oil, stains and water and can also be found in products like adhesives, nonstick cookware and food packaging. (With inputs from agencies)

Common bandages may contain harmful chemicals, reveals study

The global rate of prostate cancer among men is set to double to 2.9 million annually by 2040, followed by an 85 per cent increase in yearly deaths.&nbsp;

Prostate cancer, already a leading cause of mortality, constitutes the most common form of male cancer in over 100 nations. However, with populations ageing and life expectancies rising worldwide, a new analysis predicts a significant surge in both diagnoses and fatalities over the next 15 years, a new comprehensive study suggests.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/is-bird-flu-to-blame-for-thousands-of-dead-penguins-in-antarctica-scientists-rush-to-find-out-707953">Is bird flu to blame for thousands of dead penguins in Antarctica? Scientists rush to find out</a>

The projections signify a rise in diagnoses from 1.4 million in 2020 to 2.9 million by 2040, equating to approximately 330 men being diagnosed with the disease every hour.&nbsp;

Over the same 20-year span, global deaths attributable to prostate cancer are expected to escalate by 85 per cent, from 375,000 to nearly 700,000 by 2040.&nbsp;

The findings were published in the Lancet as part of its landmark commission on prostate cancer and will be presented at the European Association of Urology’s annual congress in Paris on Saturday.

Hereditary factors are much less manageable than, for example, smoking in the cause of lung cancer. A link with weight has been established but it is not yet known if this is a direct cause of prostate cancer.

Researchers also said that health authorities had to encourage earlier screening in developing countries as the disease is often diagnosed too late to give an effective treatment.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/working-odd-shifts-in-your-youth-can-impact-health-in-your-50s-707872">Working odd shifts in your youth can impact health in your 50s: Study</a>

Professor Nick James, the lead author of the study, says, “As men around the world live to middle and old age, there will be an inevitable rise in the number of prostate cancer cases.”

“Improved early detection and education programmes, will help to save lives and prevent ill health from prostate cancer in the years to come,” added James.

(With inputs from agencies)

The global rate of prostate cancer among men is set to double to 2.9 million annually by 2040, followed by an 85 per cent increase in yearly deaths. Prostate cancer, already a leading cause of mortality, constitutes the most common form of male cancer in over 100 nations.

The global rate of prostate cancer among men is set to double to 2.9 million annually by 2040, followed by an 85 per cent increase in yearly deaths. Prostate cancer, already a leading cause of mortality, constitutes the most common form of male cancer in over 100 nations. However, with populations ageing and life expectancies rising worldwide, a new analysis predicts a significant surge in both diagnoses and fatalities over the next 15 years, a new comprehensive study suggests. Also read: Is bird flu to blame for thousands of dead penguins in Antarctica? Scientists rush to find out The projections signify a rise in diagnoses from 1.4 million in 2020 to 2.9 million by 2040, equating to approximately 330 men being diagnosed with the disease every hour. Over the same 20-year span, global deaths attributable to prostate cancer are expected to escalate by 85 per cent, from 375,000 to nearly 700,000 by 2040. The findings were published in the Lancet as part of its landmark commission on prostate cancer and will be presented at the European Association of Urology’s annual congress in Paris on Saturday. Hereditary factors are much less manageable than, for example, smoking in the cause of lung cancer. A link with weight has been established but it is not yet known if this is a direct cause of prostate cancer. Researchers also said that health authorities had to encourage earlier screening in developing countries as the disease is often diagnosed too late to give an effective treatment. Also read: Working odd shifts in your youth can impact health in your 50s: Study Professor Nick James, the lead author of the study, says, “As men around the world live to middle and old age, there will be an inevitable rise in the number of prostate cancer cases.” “Improved early detection and education programmes, will help to save lives and prevent ill health from prostate cancer in the years to come,” added James. (With inputs from agencies)

Prostate cancer cases worldwide expected to double by 2040

A recent study has said that global life expectancy increased by 6.2 years between 1990 and 2021. The study, published in the Lancet journal on Wednesday (Apr 3), said that the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021.

A recent study has said that global life expectancy increased by 6.2 years between 1990 and 2021. The study, published in the Lancet journal on Wednesday (Apr 3), said that the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021. The study said that the leading causes of age-standardised deaths globally were the same in 2019 as they were in 1990- in descending order, these were ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower respiratory infections. Covid disrupted long-standing gains in life expectancy In 2021, COVID-19 replaced stroke as the second-leading age-standardised cause of death. "The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the rankings of the leading five causes, lowering stroke to the third-leading and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the fourth-leading position," the study added. "Long-standing gains in life expectancy and reductions in many of the leading causes of death have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects of which were spread unevenly among populations," it said. Also read | Know how much global life expectancy dropped during COVID-19 pandemic From 1990 to 2019, the global increase in life expectancy totalled 7.8 years. However, from 2019 to 2021, there was a global decline in life expectancy of 2.2 years due to deaths from COVID-19 and Other Pandemic Related Mortality (OPRM) combined. This decrease was partly offset by reductions in other diseases, for a net reduction in global life expectancy of 1.6 years. Despite this notable reduction, researchers observed an overall increase in life expectancy of 6.2 years across the entire study period. Also watch | COVID pandemic anniversary: How a virus led to collapse of global health system | WION Decodes × The study further said that among the various contributing factors to a change in life expectancy, the cause with the greatest effect on the increase in life expectancy worldwide was the reduction in deaths caused by enteric infections which include diarrhoeal, typhoid, and paratyphoid diseases. A reduction in deaths from these diseases has been responsible for a substantial increase in life expectancy of 1.1 years between 1990 and 2021. 'A nuanced picture of world's health' Dr Liane Ong, co-first author of the study, said in a statement that the analysis presented a nuanced picture of the world's health. "On one hand, we see countries' monumental achievements in preventing deaths from diarrhoea and stroke. At the same time, we see how much the COVID-19 pandemic has set us back," Dr Ong said in a statement.

Global life expectancy increased by 6.2 years between 1990 and 2021: Study

Air pollution impacts our health in ways we can't even imagine. It deteriorates the respiratory system and also affects other organs, especially in susceptible groups including the elderly, small children and individuals with pre-existing respiratory diseases.&nbsp;

The pollutants present in the air are linked to an increased risk of influenza infection, which poses a serious threat to human health because of high contagiousness and incidence. Several pandemics of Influenza have caused significant mortality and morbidity.&nbsp;

WION got in touch with experts for an in-depth analysis. While speaking about air pollution and Influenza, Dr (Col) SP Rai Consultant Pulmonary &amp; Sleep Medicine Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai&nbsp;told WION, "Influenza is a severe respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, which causes substantial mortality and morbidity. Influenza can cause mild to severe disease. Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, headache, body ache."&nbsp;

Some&nbsp;can suffer from severe breathlessness and decreased SpO2. It spreads by tiny droplets formed when people with flu cough, sneeze, talk to nearby people. The period of infectiousness usually lasts for five days. It can cause exacerbation of pre-existing lung diseases, Dr Rai added.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-dont-let-menopause-pause-you-embrace-it-with-confidence-and-dismantle-stigmas-699612">Don't let menopause pause you, embrace it with confidence and dismantle stigmas</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Alarming rise in air pollution&nbsp;</h2>

Air pollution is a mixture of tiny particles and substances emitted from&nbsp;vehicular fumes, burning coal/ wood/ stubble burning and natural sources. Soot, dust, smoke, ground-level ozone and carbon monoxide are just a few examples of common pollutants that can contaminate the air we breathe. Particulate matter (PM), especially PM 2.5 is of more concern.&nbsp;

We all know that breathing in clean, fresh air is important for good health and well-being. However, it's not possible because of an alarming rise in air pollution worldwide.&nbsp;

Dr Jejoe Karankumar, Medical Affairs Director, Abbott India commented, "Helping people stay healthy at every stage of life is important. Air pollution and respiratory problems, like flu, can come in the way of this. It's important to raise awareness about the steps people can take to protect themselves against infections like flu, especially at a time when its cases are rising. Preventive care is important, and it's vital for more people, especially those at risk, to get their yearly flu vaccination for greater protection."&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662">Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Air pollution in India&nbsp;</h2>

India's capital New Delhi&nbsp;every year ahead of the winter season faces&nbsp;high pollution levels caused by a combination of factors, including stubble burning, atmospheric changes, and more.&nbsp;

Indian cities&nbsp;occupied six of the top 10 spots for the most polluted cities worldwide in 2022. A report by the Air Quality Life Index also found that high levels of pollution can reduce an average person's life span in India by 5.3 years, compared to what they could have had if the air quality met the World Health Organization's guidelines.&nbsp;

Air pollution isn't just about the outdoor world—the air inside your home or building can be polluted too. Major sources of indoor air pollution include: tobacco smoke and second-hand smoke, Radon from the ground, indoor burning of coal or wood, fumes from paint or cleaning products and spores from mould.&nbsp;

Dr Vivek Nangia, Principal Director &amp; Head, Institute of Respiratory, Critical Care &amp; Sleep Medicine, Max Hospital, Saket, Delhi, said, "I have seen an approximate 25-30% rise in patients, affected by smog and air pollution in Delhi. Many people are experiencing symptoms like breathlessness and cough – and there's been a roughly 30% increase in reported cases of influenza-like illnesses over the last 2-3 weeks."&nbsp;

"Polluted air can also make someone feel worse when they have the flu. It's important for people to protect themselves," Dr Nangia added.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/research-outlines-significant-changes-that-happen-to-body-during-pregnancy-687587">Research outlines significant changes that happen to body during pregnancy</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Who is more susceptible to air pollution-related diseases?&nbsp;</h2>

Poor air quality affects everyone, to some, the effects are far more adverse than others such as children under five years of age, pregnant women, older adults (65 years of age and older), and people with underlying health conditions.&nbsp;

Children are more sensitive to adverse effects of pollutants and viral infections than adults, and studies have shown links between air pollution and a greater risk of upper and lower respiratory infections, particularly flu.&nbsp;

Pregnant women may also become vulnerable to infections like the flu because of air pollution. This affects them disproportionately. Reducing the pregnant mother's exposure to air pollution can lower her risk of being affected by an infection and also help safeguard her&nbsp;child's health better.&nbsp;

Dr Jayalakshmi TK - Senior Consultant Pulmonology, Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai told WION: "During flu season, the risk of transmission is heightened, especially in crowded places where people interact closely. Influenza can cause severe complications, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Studies have also found a link between two pollutants (PM2.5 and ozone) and influenza."&nbsp;

"Prolonged exposure to polluted air increases the risk of developing respiratory illnesses, including asthma, bronchitis, respiratory infections, COPD and even lung cancer," Dr Jayalakshmi added.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-rare-disease-day-challenges-in-protect-newborns-from-rare-growth-affecting-conditions-695195">Rare Disease Day: Challenges in protecting newborns from rare growth-affecting conditions</a>&nbsp;

<h2>What are the preventive measures?&nbsp;</h2>

While speaking on the preventive measures, Dr Jayalakshmi said that during the flu season, pollution and influenza together can be a double whammy impacting respiratory health and hence several proactive measures must be taken.&nbsp;

1. Limit Exposure to Air Pollution: Stay informed about air quality levels in your area and avoid outdoor activities during times of high pollution. Use air purifiers indoors to minimize exposure to indoor pollutants.&nbsp;

2. Practice Good Hygiene: Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially during flu season, to reduce the risk of contracting and spreading influenza. Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets.&nbsp;

3. Maintain Respiratory Health: Adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate hydration and avoid Smoking. These habits strengthen the immune system and improve respiratory function, reducing susceptibility to respiratory infections.&nbsp;

4. Get Vaccinated: Receive annual flu vaccinations to protect against seasonal influenza strains. Vaccination not only reduces the likelihood of contracting the flu but also mitigates its severity if infection occurs.&nbsp;

5. Avoid Crowded Places: In the flu season try to minimize going to crowded places and gatherings, and wear masks when going out, which helps to reduce the inhalation of particulate matter, and also reduces the spread of influenza.&nbsp;

6. Seek Medical Attention Promptly: If experiencing respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, or fever, seek medical advice promptly. Early intervention can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.&nbsp;

Air pollution impacts our health in ways we can't even imagine. It deteriorates the respiratory system and also affects other organs, especially in susceptible groups including the elderly, small children and individuals with pre-existing respiratory diseases.

Air pollution impacts our health in ways we can't even imagine. It deteriorates the respiratory system and also affects other organs, especially in susceptible groups including the elderly, small children and individuals with pre-existing respiratory diseases. The pollutants present in the air are linked to an increased risk of influenza infection, which poses a serious threat to human health because of high contagiousness and incidence. Several pandemics of Influenza have caused significant mortality and morbidity. WION got in touch with experts for an in-depth analysis. While speaking about air pollution and Influenza, Dr (Col) SP Rai Consultant Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai told WION, "Influenza is a severe respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, which causes substantial mortality and morbidity. Influenza can cause mild to severe disease. Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, headache, body ache." Some can suffer from severe breathlessness and decreased SpO2. It spreads by tiny droplets formed when people with flu cough, sneeze, talk to nearby people. The period of infectiousness usually lasts for five days. It can cause exacerbation of pre-existing lung diseases, Dr Rai added. Also read: Don't let menopause pause you, embrace it with confidence and dismantle stigmas Alarming rise in air pollution Air pollution is a mixture of tiny particles and substances emitted from vehicular fumes, burning coal/ wood/ stubble burning and natural sources. Soot, dust, smoke, ground-level ozone and carbon monoxide are just a few examples of common pollutants that can contaminate the air we breathe. Particulate matter (PM), especially PM 2.5 is of more concern. We all know that breathing in clean, fresh air is important for good health and well-being. However, it's not possible because of an alarming rise in air pollution worldwide. Dr Jejoe Karankumar, Medical Affairs Director, Abbott India commented, "Helping people stay healthy at every stage of life is important. Air pollution and respiratory problems, like flu, can come in the way of this. It's important to raise awareness about the steps people can take to protect themselves against infections like flu, especially at a time when its cases are rising. Preventive care is important, and it's vital for more people, especially those at risk, to get their yearly flu vaccination for greater protection." Also read: Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes Air pollution in India India's capital New Delhi every year ahead of the winter season faces high pollution levels caused by a combination of factors, including stubble burning, atmospheric changes, and more. Indian cities occupied six of the top 10 spots for the most polluted cities worldwide in 2022. A report by the Air Quality Life Index also found that high levels of pollution can reduce an average person's life span in India by 5.3 years, compared to what they could have had if the air quality met the World Health Organization's guidelines. Air pollution isn't just about the outdoor world—the air inside your home or building can be polluted too. Major sources of indoor air pollution include: tobacco smoke and second-hand smoke, Radon from the ground, indoor burning of coal or wood, fumes from paint or cleaning products and spores from mould. Dr Vivek Nangia, Principal Director & Head, Institute of Respiratory, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Max Hospital, Saket, Delhi, said, "I have seen an approximate 25-30% rise in patients, affected by smog and air pollution in Delhi. Many people are experiencing symptoms like breathlessness and cough – and there's been a roughly 30% increase in reported cases of influenza-like illnesses over the last 2-3 weeks." "Polluted air can also make someone feel worse when they have the flu. It's important for people to protect themselves," Dr Nangia added. Also read: Research outlines significant changes that happen to body during pregnancy Who is more susceptible to air pollution-related diseases? Poor air quality affects everyone, to some, the effects are far more adverse than others such as children under five years of age, pregnant women, older adults (65 years of age and older), and people with underlying health conditions. Children are more sensitive to adverse effects of pollutants and viral infections than adults, and studies have shown links between air pollution and a greater risk of upper and lower respiratory infections, particularly flu. Pregnant women may also become vulnerable to infections like the flu because of air pollution. This affects them disproportionately. Reducing the pregnant mother's exposure to air pollution can lower her risk of being affected by an infection and also help safeguard her child's health better. Dr Jayalakshmi TK - Senior Consultant Pulmonology, Apollo Hospitals Navi Mumbai told WION: "During flu season, the risk of transmission is heightened, especially in crowded places where people interact closely. Influenza can cause severe complications, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Studies have also found a link between two pollutants (PM2.5 and ozone) and influenza." "Prolonged exposure to polluted air increases the risk of developing respiratory illnesses, including asthma, bronchitis, respiratory infections, COPD and even lung cancer," Dr Jayalakshmi added. Also read: Rare Disease Day: Challenges in protecting newborns from rare growth-affecting conditions What are the preventive measures? While speaking on the preventive measures, Dr Jayalakshmi said that during the flu season, pollution and influenza together can be a double whammy impacting respiratory health and hence several proactive measures must be taken. 1. Limit Exposure to Air Pollution: Stay informed about air quality levels in your area and avoid outdoor activities during times of high pollution. Use air purifiers indoors to minimize exposure to indoor pollutants. 2. Practice Good Hygiene: Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially during flu season, to reduce the risk of contracting and spreading influenza. Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets. 3. Maintain Respiratory Health: Adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate hydration and avoid Smoking. These habits strengthen the immune system and improve respiratory function, reducing susceptibility to respiratory infections. 4. Get Vaccinated: Receive annual flu vaccinations to protect against seasonal influenza strains. Vaccination not only reduces the likelihood of contracting the flu but also mitigates its severity if infection occurs. 5. Avoid Crowded Places: In the flu season try to minimize going to crowded places and gatherings, and wear masks when going out, which helps to reduce the inhalation of particulate matter, and also reduces the spread of influenza. 6. Seek Medical Attention Promptly: If experiencing respiratory symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, or fever, seek medical advice promptly. Early intervention can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.

Air pollution leads to rise in cases of respiratory infections like influenza. What are preventive measures?

Young to middle-aged women who drink more than one alcoholic drink a day, on average, were more likely to develop coronary heart disease than people who drink less, according to new research presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session.

The study said, the women who reported drinking eight or more alcoholic beverages per week were 33 to 51 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease. And women who binge drink three alcoholic beverages per day were 68 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who drink in moderation.

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This study, which examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and heart disease in adults aged 18 to 65, is one of the biggest and most varied of its kind. Concerns about declining health outcomes are heightened by the fact that younger Americans are experiencing an increase in heart attacks and other cardiac diseases.

Furthermore, compared to previous decades, women are now more likely to use alcohol and participate in binge drinking.

Lead study author and Permanente Medical Group cardiologist Dr. Jamal Rana expressed surprise at the findings, saying, "We consistently found a higher risk for women, even without binge drinking." We usually see higher heart disease risk in older women, so I wasn't expecting these findings among younger women. This was really unexpected"

The study analysed the relationship between alcohol consumption from routine assessments conducted between 2014 and 2015 and subsequent coronary heart disease diagnoses over the following four years.

The findings showed a relationship between elevated alcohol intake and a rise in the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Women who reported heavy alcohol consumption had a heart disease risk that was 45 per cent greater than that of those who reported low consumption and 29 per cent higher than that of those who reported moderate consumption.

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The difference was greatest for those classified as binge drinkers, as these women had a 68 per cent higher risk of heart disease than those with moderate alcohol consumption. In a similar vein, those who drank alcohol more frequently overall had a 33 per cent higher risk of heart disease than men who drank less frequently.

"Women often believe they are shielded from heart disease until they reach older age, but this study demonstrates that even when they are young or middle-aged, heavy alcohol consumption or binge drinking can elevate the risk of coronary heart disease," Dr. Rana said, emphasising the significance of increasing awareness about the health risks associated with alcohol consumption.

(With inputs from agencies)

Young to middle-aged women who drink more than one alcoholic drink a day, on average, were more likely to develop coronary heart disease than people who drink less, according to new research presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session.

Young to middle-aged women who drink more than one alcoholic drink a day, on average, were more likely to develop coronary heart disease than people who drink less, according to new research presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session. The study said, the women who reported drinking eight or more alcoholic beverages per week were 33 to 51 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease. And women who binge drink three alcoholic beverages per day were 68 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who drink in moderation. Also read: New York set to be first US city to impose $15 congestion fee This study, which examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and heart disease in adults aged 18 to 65, is one of the biggest and most varied of its kind. Concerns about declining health outcomes are heightened by the fact that younger Americans are experiencing an increase in heart attacks and other cardiac diseases. Furthermore, compared to previous decades, women are now more likely to use alcohol and participate in binge drinking. Lead study author and Permanente Medical Group cardiologist Dr. Jamal Rana expressed surprise at the findings, saying, "We consistently found a higher risk for women, even without binge drinking." We usually see higher heart disease risk in older women, so I wasn't expecting these findings among younger women. This was really unexpected" The study analysed the relationship between alcohol consumption from routine assessments conducted between 2014 and 2015 and subsequent coronary heart disease diagnoses over the following four years. The findings showed a relationship between elevated alcohol intake and a rise in the prevalence of coronary heart disease. Women who reported heavy alcohol consumption had a heart disease risk that was 45 per cent greater than that of those who reported low consumption and 29 per cent higher than that of those who reported moderate consumption. Also read: Here's why narcissists are happier in their lives than psychopaths The difference was greatest for those classified as binge drinkers, as these women had a 68 per cent higher risk of heart disease than those with moderate alcohol consumption. In a similar vein, those who drank alcohol more frequently overall had a 33 per cent higher risk of heart disease than men who drank less frequently. "Women often believe they are shielded from heart disease until they reach older age, but this study demonstrates that even when they are young or middle-aged, heavy alcohol consumption or binge drinking can elevate the risk of coronary heart disease," Dr. Rana said, emphasising the significance of increasing awareness about the health risks associated with alcohol consumption. (With inputs from agencies)

Alcohol consumption linked to increased heart disease risk in young women: Study

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has subsided, but its impact can still be seen as long Covid. Hence, regular monitoring of cases and symptoms, in the form of testing, is necessary.&nbsp;

As we all know samples for Covid diagnostic tests are typically collected using an anterior nares (nasal) swab sample. Some diagnostic tests involve other samples such as mid-turbinate, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, or saliva.&nbsp;

Meanwhile, in the latest development, Johns Hopkins University has highlighted research that shows artificial intelligence (AI) can spot Covid in lung ultrasound images.&nbsp;

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Researchers published a study on March 11 in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-024-00463-5">Communications Medicine</a> that aims to explain the creation of an AI system that analyses lung ultrasound pictures.&nbsp;

The scans detect patterns known as B-lines, which show as bright, vertical anomalies and suggest inflammation in patients with pulmonary problems.&nbsp;

In a news release, the university said, "The findings culminate an effort that started early in the pandemic when clinicians needed tools to rapidly assess legions of patients in overwhelmed emergency rooms."&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662">Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes</a>&nbsp;

The study further noted that the AI was trained by mixing computer-generated images with actual ultrasounds of patients, including some of those who sought care at Johns Hopkins.&nbsp;

As quoted, first author Lingyi Zhao, PhD, who developed the software during postdoctoral fellowship work, said, "Early in the pandemic, we didn't have enough ultrasound images of COVID-19 patients to develop and test our algorithms, and as a result, our deep neural networks never reached peak performance."&nbsp;

Further, the researchers taught the AI to learn from a combination of real and simulated data in order to identify abnormalities in ultrasound scans that suggest a person has COVID-19.&nbsp;

Zhao explained that the tool is a deep neural network, a sort of artificial intelligence designed to act similarly to the interconnected neurons that allow the brain to recognise patterns, process speech, and perform other complicated tasks.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has subsided, but its impact can still be seen as long Covid. Hence, regular monitoring of cases and symptoms, in the form of testing, is necessary.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has subsided, but its impact can still be seen as long Covid. Hence, regular monitoring of cases and symptoms, in the form of testing, is necessary. As we all know samples for Covid diagnostic tests are typically collected using an anterior nares (nasal) swab sample. Some diagnostic tests involve other samples such as mid-turbinate, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, or saliva. Meanwhile, in the latest development, Johns Hopkins University has highlighted research that shows artificial intelligence (AI) can spot Covid in lung ultrasound images. Also read: Don't let menopause pause you, embrace it with confidence and dismantle stigmas Researchers published a study on March 11 in Communications Medicine that aims to explain the creation of an AI system that analyses lung ultrasound pictures. The scans detect patterns known as B-lines, which show as bright, vertical anomalies and suggest inflammation in patients with pulmonary problems. In a news release, the university said, "The findings culminate an effort that started early in the pandemic when clinicians needed tools to rapidly assess legions of patients in overwhelmed emergency rooms." Also read: Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes The study further noted that the AI was trained by mixing computer-generated images with actual ultrasounds of patients, including some of those who sought care at Johns Hopkins. As quoted, first author Lingyi Zhao, PhD, who developed the software during postdoctoral fellowship work, said, "Early in the pandemic, we didn't have enough ultrasound images of COVID-19 patients to develop and test our algorithms, and as a result, our deep neural networks never reached peak performance." Further, the researchers taught the AI to learn from a combination of real and simulated data in order to identify abnormalities in ultrasound scans that suggest a person has COVID-19. Zhao explained that the tool is a deep neural network, a sort of artificial intelligence designed to act similarly to the interconnected neurons that allow the brain to recognise patterns, process speech, and perform other complicated tasks. (With inputs from agencies)

Artificial intelligence tool detects COVID-19 in lung ultrasound images: Study

The European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2024) presented new research which stated that short-term very low-calorie diets are safe for teenagers living with moderate to severe obesity. However, it should be monitored by an experienced dietitian.&nbsp;

According to a report published in Medical Express, researchers in Australia whose work will be soon presented at the European Congress on Obesity in Venice stated that many teens who participated in the study found a very low-calorie diet to be an acceptable strategy to lose weight.&nbsp;

The study stated that very low-energy diets (VLED) comprise eating less than 800 calories per day and are advised for obese persons who want to lose weight but do not react to standard diets and exercise programmes.&nbsp;

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Notably, VLEDs are dietary preparations that meet all nutritional requirements while also providing between 1845 and 3280 KJ (450 and 800 Kcal) per day. This meal replacement is used three times each day to replace breakfast, lunch, and dinner.&nbsp;

Several studies have shown that VLEDs can cause rapid weight reduction in young individuals, however, there is limited information on general adverse effects and VLED acceptability in young people.&nbsp;

There is also limited data on the impact of VLEDs on the growth, heart health and psychological well-being of young people.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662">Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

As quoted by The Guardian, Dr Megan Gow, of Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia, said that such fears are unjustified.&nbsp;

"Given the associated rapid weight loss, their use should be emphasised in clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of severe obesity and obesity-related complications in adolescents, especially before pharmacological or surgical intervention," said Dr Gow.&nbsp;

Obesity and underweight are both forms of malnutrition and are detrimental to people's health in many ways.&nbsp;

<h2>Obesity among teens in India&nbsp;</h2>

A global analysis published in The Lancet journal stated that about 12.5 million children aged between five and 19 in India were overweight in 2022. It stated that of the 12.5, 7.3 million were boys and 5.2 million girls.&nbsp;

The total number of children, adolescents and adults worldwide living with obesity has surpassed one billion.&nbsp;

The researchers said that these trends, together with the declining prevalence of people who are underweight since 1990, make obesity the most common form of malnutrition in most countries.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

The European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2024) presented new research which stated that short-term very low-calorie diets are safe for teenagers living with moderate to severe obesity.

The European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2024) presented new research which stated that short-term very low-calorie diets are safe for teenagers living with moderate to severe obesity. However, it should be monitored by an experienced dietitian. According to a report published in Medical Express, researchers in Australia whose work will be soon presented at the European Congress on Obesity in Venice stated that many teens who participated in the study found a very low-calorie diet to be an acceptable strategy to lose weight. The study stated that very low-energy diets (VLED) comprise eating less than 800 calories per day and are advised for obese persons who want to lose weight but do not react to standard diets and exercise programmes. Also read: Don't let menopause pause you, embrace it with confidence and dismantle stigmas Notably, VLEDs are dietary preparations that meet all nutritional requirements while also providing between 1845 and 3280 KJ (450 and 800 Kcal) per day. This meal replacement is used three times each day to replace breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Several studies have shown that VLEDs can cause rapid weight reduction in young individuals, however, there is limited information on general adverse effects and VLED acceptability in young people. There is also limited data on the impact of VLEDs on the growth, heart health and psychological well-being of young people. Also read: Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes As quoted by The Guardian, Dr Megan Gow, of Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia, said that such fears are unjustified. "Given the associated rapid weight loss, their use should be emphasised in clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of severe obesity and obesity-related complications in adolescents, especially before pharmacological or surgical intervention," said Dr Gow. Obesity and underweight are both forms of malnutrition and are detrimental to people's health in many ways. Obesity among teens in India A global analysis published in The Lancet journal stated that about 12.5 million children aged between five and 19 in India were overweight in 2022. It stated that of the 12.5, 7.3 million were boys and 5.2 million girls. The total number of children, adolescents and adults worldwide living with obesity has surpassed one billion. The researchers said that these trends, together with the declining prevalence of people who are underweight since 1990, make obesity the most common form of malnutrition in most countries. (With inputs from agencies)

Very low calorie diets could be safe for obese teens, say researchers

In today's fast-paced world, prioritising mental health is no longer a luxury but a necessity. While the discourse on mental health is slowly gaining the attention it deserves, professional spheres of workplaces can often be breeding grounds for stress, anxiety, and burnout. According to our recently conducted pan-India workplace wellness survey, “The Silent Struggle”, we found that 48% of corporate employees across India are at the risk of poor mental health, 56% of which are women.

But there is light at the end of the tunnel - steps can be, and are being taken to create a culture of well-being within organisations. Leaders in workplaces are increasingly taking the reins in championing mental health initiatives. Their unique perspectives and empathetic leadership styles are proving instrumental in fostering supportive work environments. Some key strategies that leaders implement to prioritise mental well-being in their organisations, include providing the necessary training and resources, creating a safe space to have conversations around such subjects, and treating those who are going through something difficult, with empathy and care. &nbsp;

Open the dialogue: Conversations and resources 

A crucial first step is to break the silence surrounding mental health. It involves acknowledging that the challenges faced by employees go beyond the professional realm. By encouraging open conversations about mental well-being, leaders can normalise seeking help and reduce the stigma often associated with mental health challenges in the workplace.

To address these challenges effectively, providing mental health resources becomes paramount. It's about creating a support system that empowers employees to navigate the complexities of their mental well-being. Some of the ways in which this can be achieved by organising workshops, inviting mental health professionals to speak at company events, and creating safe spaces for employees to share their experiences. Whether through counselling services, workshops, or educational materials, access to resources plays a crucial role in shaping a workplace that values and prioritises mental health. Additionally, providing easily accessible mental health resources, such as Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) and online support platforms, demonstrates a genuine commitment to employee well-being. &nbsp;

Building empathy into operations 

Empathy is a cornerstone of creating operational strategies that truly support mental well-being. It goes beyond policies and procedures; it's about understanding and acknowledging the human experience. Leaders who understand the&nbsp;challenges faced by their employees are better equipped to create a supportive work environment. Integrating empathy into operational strategies involves recognising that employees have lives outside of work, which helps ensure that the workplace is not just a space for professional growth but a haven that recognises and supports employees' mental health.

This might involve implementing policies that accommodate the diverse needs of employees, especially during critical life stages, like flexible work arrangements, such as remote work options or compressed workweeks. It's also important to acknowledge and accommodate the needs of employees during critical life stages, such as parenthood or caring for elderly family members. By demonstrating flexibility and understanding, leaders can foster a sense of trust and loyalty among their teams. &nbsp;

The power of open communication 

Encouraging open and honest communication about mental health within organisations is essential. Leaders can set the tone by openly discussing their own experiences or challenges with mental well-being. This vulnerability can inspire employees to feel comfortable seeking help when needed, and in turn, contribute to fostering a culture that views mental health discussions as a sign of strength, not weakness.

Furthermore, creating anonymous feedback channels allows employees to voice their concerns or suggestions regarding mental health support systems within the organisation. By actively listening to employee feedback, leaders can tailor mental health initiatives to better meet the specific needs of their workforce. &nbsp;

Championing mental health in the workplace is not just the right thing to do, it's also good for business. A collective responsibility, this necessary action can cultivate a culture of well-being, which leads to organisations supporting a happier and more efficient&nbsp;workforce. Leaders play a crucial role by showing the commitment to creating an environment that prioritises the well-being of every individual. By fostering open conversations, integrating empathy into operational strategies, and breaking the stigma surrounding mental health, they can pave the way for a healthier, more compassionate workplace for all.

In today's fast-paced world, prioritising mental health is no longer a luxury but a necessity. While the discourse on mental health is slowly gaining the attention it deserves, professional spheres of workplaces can often be breeding grounds for stress, anxiety, and burnout.

In today's fast-paced world, prioritising mental health is no longer a luxury but a necessity. While the discourse on mental health is slowly gaining the attention it deserves, professional spheres of workplaces can often be breeding grounds for stress, anxiety, and burnout. According to our recently conducted pan-India workplace wellness survey, “The Silent Struggle”, we found that 48% of corporate employees across India are at the risk of poor mental health, 56% of which are women. But there is light at the end of the tunnel - steps can be, and are being taken to create a culture of well-being within organisations. Leaders in workplaces are increasingly taking the reins in championing mental health initiatives. Their unique perspectives and empathetic leadership styles are proving instrumental in fostering supportive work environments. Some key strategies that leaders implement to prioritise mental well-being in their organisations, include providing the necessary training and resources, creating a safe space to have conversations around such subjects, and treating those who are going through something difficult, with empathy and care. Open the dialogue: Conversations and resources A crucial first step is to break the silence surrounding mental health. It involves acknowledging that the challenges faced by employees go beyond the professional realm. By encouraging open conversations about mental well-being, leaders can normalise seeking help and reduce the stigma often associated with mental health challenges in the workplace. To address these challenges effectively, providing mental health resources becomes paramount. It's about creating a support system that empowers employees to navigate the complexities of their mental well-being. Some of the ways in which this can be achieved by organising workshops, inviting mental health professionals to speak at company events, and creating safe spaces for employees to share their experiences. Whether through counselling services, workshops, or educational materials, access to resources plays a crucial role in shaping a workplace that values and prioritises mental health. Additionally, providing easily accessible mental health resources, such as Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) and online support platforms, demonstrates a genuine commitment to employee well-being. Building empathy into operations Empathy is a cornerstone of creating operational strategies that truly support mental well-being. It goes beyond policies and procedures; it's about understanding and acknowledging the human experience. Leaders who understand the challenges faced by their employees are better equipped to create a supportive work environment. Integrating empathy into operational strategies involves recognising that employees have lives outside of work, which helps ensure that the workplace is not just a space for professional growth but a haven that recognises and supports employees' mental health. This might involve implementing policies that accommodate the diverse needs of employees, especially during critical life stages, like flexible work arrangements, such as remote work options or compressed workweeks. It's also important to acknowledge and accommodate the needs of employees during critical life stages, such as parenthood or caring for elderly family members. By demonstrating flexibility and understanding, leaders can foster a sense of trust and loyalty among their teams. The power of open communication Encouraging open and honest communication about mental health within organisations is essential. Leaders can set the tone by openly discussing their own experiences or challenges with mental well-being. This vulnerability can inspire employees to feel comfortable seeking help when needed, and in turn, contribute to fostering a culture that views mental health discussions as a sign of strength, not weakness. Furthermore, creating anonymous feedback channels allows employees to voice their concerns or suggestions regarding mental health support systems within the organisation. By actively listening to employee feedback, leaders can tailor mental health initiatives to better meet the specific needs of their workforce. Championing mental health in the workplace is not just the right thing to do, it's also good for business. A collective responsibility, this necessary action can cultivate a culture of well-being, which leads to organisations supporting a happier and more efficient workforce. Leaders play a crucial role by showing the commitment to creating an environment that prioritises the well-being of every individual. By fostering open conversations, integrating empathy into operational strategies, and breaking the stigma surrounding mental health, they can pave the way for a healthier, more compassionate workplace for all.

Expert voice | Championing mental health - A woman leader's journey in nurturing wellness at the workplace

Among other deterrents, the biological clock is one of the&nbsp;factors that pose a roadblock in women's career progression. Women face sexism, unequal pay, gender stereotypes, fewer promotions, and other inequalities in workplaces; and learn to fight them all. But in order to maintain respectable career growth, women often sideline their health which keeps deteriorating with time.&nbsp;

One such health-related concern is the stage of menopause, which is a natural decline in reproductive hormones when a woman reaches her 40s or 50s. Menopause means that your menstrual cycles are ending. This natural biological process is diagnosed after you've gone 12 months without a menstrual period.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662">Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes</a>&nbsp;

Despite being a natural process, the physical and mental symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes, can disrupt your sleep, diminish your energy, and have an impact on your emotional health.&nbsp;

WION got in touch with experts to know how women can embrace this crucial phase along with focusing on their career and personal life.&nbsp;

Dr Rituparna Ghosh, Consultant Senior Clinical Psychologist, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai told WION, "Embracing menopause with confidence means acknowledging its challenges while harnessing the resilience and wisdom gained from navigating life's transitions."

"Let us foster environments where women feel empowered to seek support, openly discuss their experiences, and embrace self-care practices that nurture their mind, body, and spirit. Together, let's dismantle stigmas surrounding menopause and empower women to embrace this chapter of life with confidence, resilience, and a renewed sense of purpose," she added. &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

Dr VK Shantha, MD, DGO, DNB, Senior Consultant Obstetrician &amp; Gynecologist, BirthRight by Rainbow Hospitals, Anna Nagar, Chennai told WION, "The menopausal transition is a crucial phase in a woman's life, with various changes such as caring for ageing parents, supporting children, and accepting new obligations."&nbsp;

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that most women go through menopause between the ages of 45 and 55 as a natural component of biological ageing. Some women are luckier than the&nbsp;rest and face fewer issues with menstrual symptoms, while others go through hot flashes, difficulty in sleeping, sexual dysfunction, mood swings, anger, sadness, or a combination of these symptoms, encouraging them to seek treatment.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/research-outlines-significant-changes-that-happen-to-body-during-pregnancy-687587">Research outlines significant changes that happen to body during pregnancy</a>&nbsp;

A decades-old study had accurately projected the future as it noted that using age 50 as a proxy for menopause, about 25 million women pass through menopause each year. The study estimated that in 1990 there were 467 million post-menopausal women in the world, with an average age of about 60 years.&nbsp;It mentioned that by 2030, the world population of menopausal and postmenopausal women is projected to increase to 1.2 billion, with 47 million new entrants each year.&nbsp;

Dr Shantha added, "As medical professionals, we must acknowledge this natural shift and provide women with the knowledge, support, and confidence they require to manage it with grace and resilience."&nbsp;

"Women need comprehensive health services in terms of physical changes and emotional changes including symptom education, management strategies, and treatment accessibility. Celebrating a woman's health is a beautiful way of making her feel empowered enough so that she can make educated health decisions in her life," she added.&nbsp;

<h2>Issues faced by women after menopause&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Padmapriya, HOD- Department of Obstetrics, gynaecology and fertility medicine, Gleneagles Health City, Chennai, told WION about the various issues faced by women after menopause.&nbsp;

She said, "The major health problems faced by women after menopause is non-cancerous conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids in the uterus and cancerous conditions such as endometrial, cervical, ovarian and breast cancers."&nbsp;

"The main factor linked with increased cancer risk after menopause is the increased exposure to hormones, such as estrogen. Early menarche and late menopause increase the exposure to endogenous estrogen, and thereby increase&nbsp;the risk of above-mentioned conditions," Dr Padmapriya added.&nbsp;

However, with the advancement in surgical technologies, there are better treatment options available for women's health issues after menopause.&nbsp;

Dr Padmapriya said, "Robotic-assisted surgery by using advanced technologies like the da Vinci is one such way."&nbsp;

She added that with its precision and ability to access deeper pelvic areas, robotic surgery ensures maximal removal of abnormal tissues, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.&nbsp;

The enhanced adoption of such technologies in India gives new hope to women to tackle their health problems more effectively after menopause, she said.&nbsp;

Among other deterrents, the biological clock is one of the factors that pose a roadblock in women's career progression. Women face sexism, unequal pay, gender stereotypes, fewer promotions, and other inequalities in workplaces; and learn to fight them all.

Among other deterrents, the biological clock is one of the factors that pose a roadblock in women's career progression. Women face sexism, unequal pay, gender stereotypes, fewer promotions, and other inequalities in workplaces; and learn to fight them all. But in order to maintain respectable career growth, women often sideline their health which keeps deteriorating with time. One such health-related concern is the stage of menopause, which is a natural decline in reproductive hormones when a woman reaches her 40s or 50s. Menopause means that your menstrual cycles are ending. This natural biological process is diagnosed after you've gone 12 months without a menstrual period. Also read: Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? WION decodes Despite being a natural process, the physical and mental symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes, can disrupt your sleep, diminish your energy, and have an impact on your emotional health. WION got in touch with experts to know how women can embrace this crucial phase along with focusing on their career and personal life. Dr Rituparna Ghosh, Consultant Senior Clinical Psychologist, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai told WION, "Embracing menopause with confidence means acknowledging its challenges while harnessing the resilience and wisdom gained from navigating life's transitions." "Let us foster environments where women feel empowered to seek support, openly discuss their experiences, and embrace self-care practices that nurture their mind, body, and spirit. Together, let's dismantle stigmas surrounding menopause and empower women to embrace this chapter of life with confidence, resilience, and a renewed sense of purpose," she added. Dr VK Shantha, MD, DGO, DNB, Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist, BirthRight by Rainbow Hospitals, Anna Nagar, Chennai told WION, "The menopausal transition is a crucial phase in a woman's life, with various changes such as caring for ageing parents, supporting children, and accepting new obligations." The World Health Organization (WHO) states that most women go through menopause between the ages of 45 and 55 as a natural component of biological ageing. Some women are luckier than the rest and face fewer issues with menstrual symptoms, while others go through hot flashes, difficulty in sleeping, sexual dysfunction, mood swings, anger, sadness, or a combination of these symptoms, encouraging them to seek treatment. Also read: Research outlines significant changes that happen to body during pregnancy A decades-old study had accurately projected the future as it noted that using age 50 as a proxy for menopause, about 25 million women pass through menopause each year. The study estimated that in 1990 there were 467 million post-menopausal women in the world, with an average age of about 60 years. It mentioned that by 2030, the world population of menopausal and postmenopausal women is projected to increase to 1.2 billion, with 47 million new entrants each year. Dr Shantha added, "As medical professionals, we must acknowledge this natural shift and provide women with the knowledge, support, and confidence they require to manage it with grace and resilience." "Women need comprehensive health services in terms of physical changes and emotional changes including symptom education, management strategies, and treatment accessibility. Celebrating a woman's health is a beautiful way of making her feel empowered enough so that she can make educated health decisions in her life," she added. Issues faced by women after menopause Dr Padmapriya, HOD- Department of Obstetrics, gynaecology and fertility medicine, Gleneagles Health City, Chennai, told WION about the various issues faced by women after menopause. She said, "The major health problems faced by women after menopause is non-cancerous conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids in the uterus and cancerous conditions such as endometrial, cervical, ovarian and breast cancers." "The main factor linked with increased cancer risk after menopause is the increased exposure to hormones, such as estrogen. Early menarche and late menopause increase the exposure to endogenous estrogen, and thereby increase the risk of above-mentioned conditions," Dr Padmapriya added. However, with the advancement in surgical technologies, there are better treatment options available for women's health issues after menopause. Dr Padmapriya said, "Robotic-assisted surgery by using advanced technologies like the da Vinci is one such way." She added that with its precision and ability to access deeper pelvic areas, robotic surgery ensures maximal removal of abnormal tissues, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life. The enhanced adoption of such technologies in India gives new hope to women to tackle their health problems more effectively after menopause, she said.

Don't let menopause pause you, embrace it with confidence and dismantle stigmas

Beetroot is often celebrated for its vibrant hue and nutritional value. It isn't just a kitchen staple as&nbsp;its benefits extend to skincare, offering a natural and effective way to enhance your skin's health and appearance. Here are eight benefits of applying beetroot on the skin and how to incorporate it into your skincare routine:

1. Slows ageing&nbsp; 
Beetroot is rich in antioxidants like vitamin C which makes the skin glow and prevents premature ageing. Beetroot helps the skin look youthful and radiant.

2. Brightens Skin 
Its natural pigments help even out skin tone, reducing the appearance of dark spots and blemishes for a brighter complexion.

3. Hydrates Skin 
Beetroot has a high water content which helps moisturise the skin leaving it soft and supple. You can grind the beetroot and use it as a mask with curd and honey for extra hydration.&nbsp;

4. Anti-inflammatory Properties 
Beetroot contains anti-inflammatory compounds that soothe irritated skin, making it ideal for those with sensitive or acne-prone skin.

5. Promotes Collagen Production 
The vitamins and minerals in beetroot stimulate collagen synthesis, improving skin elasticity and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

6. Detoxifies Skin 
Beetroot's detoxifying properties help eliminate toxins from the skin, promoting a clearer complexion and preventing breakouts.

7. Natural Exfoliant 
Beetroot contains natural acids that gently exfoliate the skin removing dead cells and promoting cell turnover for smoother, more radiant skin.

8. Treats Pigmentation 
Regular use of beetroot can help fade pigmentation and dark spots, giving you a more even skin tone.

Also read |&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-fasting-mimicking-diet-can-increase-your-life-finds-study-heres-what-it-means-692047">Diet that mimics fasting can increase your life, finds study. Here's what it means</a>

<h2>How to incorporate beetroot into your skincare routine</h2>

Beetroot Face Mask 
Grate or blend beetroot into a paste and apply it to clean skin. Leave it on for 15-20 minutes before rinsing off with warm water.

Beetroot Juice Toner 
Mix equal parts beetroot juice, aloe vera juice, and water and apply it to your face with a cotton pad after cleansing. This toner will help balance your skin's pH and tighten pores.

Beetroot-Infused Oil 
Infuse beetroot slices in your favourite carrier oil for a few weeks. Use this oil as a moisturiser or add a few drops to your bath for soft, nourished skin.

Remember to do a patch test before trying any new skincare ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin. With its numerous benefits, beetroot is a versatile addition to your skincare regimen, offering natural solutions for healthy, glowing skin.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-why-chronic-neck-pain-should-not-be-ignored-expert-explains-693023">Why chronic neck pain should not be ignored: Expert explains</a>

&nbsp;

Beetroot is often celebrated for its vibrant hue and nutritional value. It isn't just a kitchen staple as its benefits extend to skincare, offering a natural and effective way to enhance your skin's health and appearance.

Beetroot is often celebrated for its vibrant hue and nutritional value. It isn't just a kitchen staple as its benefits extend to skincare, offering a natural and effective way to enhance your skin's health and appearance. Here are eight benefits of applying beetroot on the skin and how to incorporate it into your skincare routine: 1. Slows ageing Beetroot is rich in antioxidants like vitamin C which makes the skin glow and prevents premature ageing. Beetroot helps the skin look youthful and radiant. 2. Brightens Skin Its natural pigments help even out skin tone, reducing the appearance of dark spots and blemishes for a brighter complexion. 3. Hydrates Skin Beetroot has a high water content which helps moisturise the skin leaving it soft and supple. You can grind the beetroot and use it as a mask with curd and honey for extra hydration. 4. Anti-inflammatory Properties Beetroot contains anti-inflammatory compounds that soothe irritated skin, making it ideal for those with sensitive or acne-prone skin. 5. Promotes Collagen Production The vitamins and minerals in beetroot stimulate collagen synthesis, improving skin elasticity and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. 6. Detoxifies Skin Beetroot's detoxifying properties help eliminate toxins from the skin, promoting a clearer complexion and preventing breakouts. 7. Natural Exfoliant Beetroot contains natural acids that gently exfoliate the skin removing dead cells and promoting cell turnover for smoother, more radiant skin. 8. Treats Pigmentation Regular use of beetroot can help fade pigmentation and dark spots, giving you a more even skin tone. Also read | Diet that mimics fasting can increase your life, finds study. Here's what it means How to incorporate beetroot into your skincare routine Beetroot Face Mask Grate or blend beetroot into a paste and apply it to clean skin. Leave it on for 15-20 minutes before rinsing off with warm water. Beetroot Juice Toner Mix equal parts beetroot juice, aloe vera juice, and water and apply it to your face with a cotton pad after cleansing. This toner will help balance your skin's pH and tighten pores. Beetroot-Infused Oil Infuse beetroot slices in your favourite carrier oil for a few weeks. Use this oil as a moisturiser or add a few drops to your bath for soft, nourished skin. Remember to do a patch test before trying any new skincare ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin. With its numerous benefits, beetroot is a versatile addition to your skincare regimen, offering natural solutions for healthy, glowing skin. Also read | Why chronic neck pain should not be ignored: Expert explains

8 benefits of applying beetroot on skin and how to use it in skincare

Rare Disease Day is observed annually on the last day of February (February 29 in leap years and February 28 in non-leap years) to raise awareness about rare diseases and their impact on the lives of those affected by them.&nbsp;

Policymakers, researchers, and healthcare professionals must come together and&nbsp;advocate&nbsp;for better research, treatment, and support for those living with rare diseases.&nbsp;

<h2>What are rare diseases?&nbsp;</h2>

World Health Organization (WHO) defines rare diseases as a debilitating or lifelong disorder with a prevalence of 10 or less per 10000 populations.&nbsp;

There are around 300 million people who have been diagnosed and live with a rare disease. There are over 7,000 known rare diseases with 70 per cent of these disorders being genetic in origin, but allergens, infections, and environmental factors can trigger them.&nbsp;

A few examples of rare diseases are Phenylketonuria, Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy and Niemann Pick disease, Gaucher's disease and Primary Immunodeficiency disorders. All these disorders affect growth in some way.&nbsp;

<h2>Safeguarding newborns from rare diseases&nbsp;</h2>

To know more about the day and its significance, WION got in touch with Dr Radha Rama Devi, MD (Peds), Cert in Genetic Engineering, Fellow in Inborn Errors of Metabolism (UK), Pediatrician - Genetics at Rainbow Children's Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad.&nbsp;

Dr Rama Devi weighed in on safeguarding newborns from rare growth-affecting conditions. She said that the term faltering growth in newborns includes faltering height, weight and development delay and if it is unrecognised and untreated, it can have adverse consequences for a child's health and development.&nbsp;

Rare diseases, also known as orphan diseases, are conditions that affect a small percentage of the population. Despite their rarity individually, and collectively, rare diseases affect millions of people worldwide.&nbsp;

Approximately five per cent of the newborns with faltering growth will have an underlying organic cause — a medical condition causing defective growth and development, she added.&nbsp;&nbsp;

"Large numbers of rare diseases are reported to cause neonatal growth retardation. These include rare genetic disorders involving the chromosomes, single gene and mitochondrial defects and congenital birth defects. Down syndrome is the highly prevalent common chromosomal defect associated with physical and mental retardation," Dr Rama Devi said.&nbsp;

"Single gene defects include a number of inborn metabolic disorders of small molecule- those genetic defects with impaired metabolism of amino acids, organic acids fatty acids. Congenital birth defects involving the heart, kidney etc can result in growth failure in neonates," she added.&nbsp;

<h2>How to prevent it?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Rama Devi said that it is important to understand the pathophysiology of these rare diseases and technological advances to identify the defects in the newborn. It is now possible to safeguard the baby through early detection and intervention by implementing newborn screening (NBS) of every baby born for treatable rare diseases. NBS is now considered one of the top ten preventive public health programmes&nbsp;in the world.&nbsp;

Dr Preetha Joshi, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensivist, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai told WION that regional screening programmes like the newborn screening blood test for metabolic disorders, can be specifically tailored to clinical and laboratory detection of rare diseases.&nbsp;

"Telemedicine and global collaboration is the need of the hour so that patients can connect with superspecialists from any part of the world for confirming diagnosis and receiving the optimal treatment," Dr Joshi said.&nbsp;

Dr Deepak Mulchandani, Consultant Pediatrician at PD Hinduja Hospital, Khar, Mumbai, told WION that raising awareness and forming support groups can be helpful for patients and families. He added that support groups have been successful for diseases like Down syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome in India and abroad.&nbsp;

Treatment options are limited for most rare diseases, with supportive therapy being the only available option, Dr Mulchandani said.&nbsp;

He added that drug therapy is available but is often costly and at present out of reach for most diseases. Often, such diseases have severe morbidity and even mortality, thus&nbsp;multidisciplinary team of specialists is needed to address the health concerns of patients suffering from rare diseases.

<h2>What are the challenges?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Mulchandani&nbsp;said that "due to variable nature of presentation and unavailability of tests except at tertiary levels such rare disorder are difficult to diagnose and hence often missed" and this leads to distress to the patient and their family and poses a challenge to the treating physician.&nbsp;

Dr Joshi listed some of the challenges that are being faced:&nbsp;

Delayed detection: Since the awareness among doctors is also only slowly increasing, these diseases might get missed due to the symptoms and signs being neither overtly obvious nor specific. Access to advanced genetic testing is also primitive or non-existent in many places.&nbsp;

Limited treatment options: For some of these diseases, the therapies are prohibitively expensive. Even when the right diagnosis is made early, there may be no treatment available to cure it.&nbsp;

Lack of nationwide policies:&nbsp;These policies can help&nbsp;patients and their families to continue care.&nbsp;

<h2>What India is doing to address this issue?&nbsp;</h2>

Indian health ministry launched a new initiative, Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), which aims at early identification and early intervention for children from birth to 18 years to cover 4 'D's viz. Defects at birth, deficiencies, diseases, development delays including disabilities.&nbsp;

Similarly, antenatal screening in the first trimester with proper fetal ultrasound can detect some of the chromosomal defects and should be provided to all pregnant women.&nbsp;

National Inherited Diseases Administration (NIDAN) Kendras were set up in India by the Government for screening of pregnant women and newborn babies for diagnosis of inherited genetic diseases and providing them with&nbsp;comprehensive clinical care.&nbsp;

Rare Disease Day is observed annually on the last day of February (February 29 in leap years and February 28 in non-leap years) to raise awareness about rare diseases and their impact on the lives of those affected by them.

Rare Disease Day is observed annually on the last day of February (February 29 in leap years and February 28 in non-leap years) to raise awareness about rare diseases and their impact on the lives of those affected by them. Policymakers, researchers, and healthcare professionals must come together and advocate for better research, treatment, and support for those living with rare diseases. What are rare diseases? World Health Organization (WHO) defines rare diseases as a debilitating or lifelong disorder with a prevalence of 10 or less per 10000 populations. There are around 300 million people who have been diagnosed and live with a rare disease. There are over 7,000 known rare diseases with 70 per cent of these disorders being genetic in origin, but allergens, infections, and environmental factors can trigger them. A few examples of rare diseases are Phenylketonuria, Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy and Niemann Pick disease, Gaucher's disease and Primary Immunodeficiency disorders. All these disorders affect growth in some way. Safeguarding newborns from rare diseases To know more about the day and its significance, WION got in touch with Dr Radha Rama Devi, MD (Peds), Cert in Genetic Engineering, Fellow in Inborn Errors of Metabolism (UK), Pediatrician - Genetics at Rainbow Children's Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad. Dr Rama Devi weighed in on safeguarding newborns from rare growth-affecting conditions. She said that the term faltering growth in newborns includes faltering height, weight and development delay and if it is unrecognised and untreated, it can have adverse consequences for a child's health and development. Rare diseases, also known as orphan diseases, are conditions that affect a small percentage of the population. Despite their rarity individually, and collectively, rare diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Approximately five per cent of the newborns with faltering growth will have an underlying organic cause — a medical condition causing defective growth and development, she added. "Large numbers of rare diseases are reported to cause neonatal growth retardation. These include rare genetic disorders involving the chromosomes, single gene and mitochondrial defects and congenital birth defects. Down syndrome is the highly prevalent common chromosomal defect associated with physical and mental retardation," Dr Rama Devi said. "Single gene defects include a number of inborn metabolic disorders of small molecule- those genetic defects with impaired metabolism of amino acids, organic acids fatty acids. Congenital birth defects involving the heart, kidney etc can result in growth failure in neonates," she added. How to prevent it? Dr Rama Devi said that it is important to understand the pathophysiology of these rare diseases and technological advances to identify the defects in the newborn. It is now possible to safeguard the baby through early detection and intervention by implementing newborn screening (NBS) of every baby born for treatable rare diseases. NBS is now considered one of the top ten preventive public health programmes in the world. Dr Preetha Joshi, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensivist, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai told WION that regional screening programmes like the newborn screening blood test for metabolic disorders, can be specifically tailored to clinical and laboratory detection of rare diseases. "Telemedicine and global collaboration is the need of the hour so that patients can connect with superspecialists from any part of the world for confirming diagnosis and receiving the optimal treatment," Dr Joshi said. Dr Deepak Mulchandani, Consultant Pediatrician at PD Hinduja Hospital, Khar, Mumbai, told WION that raising awareness and forming support groups can be helpful for patients and families. He added that support groups have been successful for diseases like Down syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome in India and abroad. Treatment options are limited for most rare diseases, with supportive therapy being the only available option, Dr Mulchandani said. He added that drug therapy is available but is often costly and at present out of reach for most diseases. Often, such diseases have severe morbidity and even mortality, thus multidisciplinary team of specialists is needed to address the health concerns of patients suffering from rare diseases. What are the challenges? Dr Mulchandani said that "due to variable nature of presentation and unavailability of tests except at tertiary levels such rare disorder are difficult to diagnose and hence often missed" and this leads to distress to the patient and their family and poses a challenge to the treating physician. Dr Joshi listed some of the challenges that are being faced: Delayed detection: Since the awareness among doctors is also only slowly increasing, these diseases might get missed due to the symptoms and signs being neither overtly obvious nor specific. Access to advanced genetic testing is also primitive or non-existent in many places. Limited treatment options: For some of these diseases, the therapies are prohibitively expensive. Even when the right diagnosis is made early, there may be no treatment available to cure it. Lack of nationwide policies: These policies can help patients and their families to continue care. What India is doing to address this issue? Indian health ministry launched a new initiative, Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), which aims at early identification and early intervention for children from birth to 18 years to cover 4 'D's viz. Defects at birth, deficiencies, diseases, development delays including disabilities. Similarly, antenatal screening in the first trimester with proper fetal ultrasound can detect some of the chromosomal defects and should be provided to all pregnant women. National Inherited Diseases Administration (NIDAN) Kendras were set up in India by the Government for screening of pregnant women and newborn babies for diagnosis of inherited genetic diseases and providing them with comprehensive clinical care.

Rare Disease Day: Challenges in protecting newborns from rare growth-affecting conditions

A study suggests that individuals enduring long-term effects of Covid-19 exhibit measurable memory and cognitive impairments comparable to a discrepancy of approximately six IQ points.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ctorig="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;q=https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjSht2ZsdCEAxUKSWwGHRSFDCUQFnoECAkQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw34Ok4z_DxgU4DsUrrTXk5p" dir="ltr" href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/rising-cases-of-silent-heart-attacks-linked-to-long-covid-wion-decodes-687662" target="_blank">Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long&nbsp;Covid?</a>

A study involving over 140,000 participants conducted in the summer of 2022&nbsp;suggests that the repercussions of Covid-19 on cognitive and memory functions may persist for a year or more post-infection.&nbsp;

Notably, individuals with persistent symptoms lasting over 12 weeks displayed significant deficits in tasks related to memory, reasoning, and executive function. Scientists assert that these findings provide concrete evidence of the tangible impact of brain fog.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ctorig="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-experimenting-with-deadly-covid-like-virus-that-is-fatal-to-mice-report-680390" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;q=https://www.wionews.com/world/china-experimenting-with-deadly-covid-like-virus-that-is-fatal-to-mice-report-680390&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjSht2ZsdCEAxUKSWwGHRSFDCUQFnoECAYQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw37wPfbA9VlAfLqFqEM5iqA" dir="ltr" href="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-experimenting-with-deadly-covid-like-virus-that-is-fatal-to-mice-report-680390" target="_blank">China experimenting with deadly&nbsp;Covid-like virus</a>

Professor Adam Hampshire, a cognitive neuroscientist at Imperial College London and the study's lead author, highlighted the significance of the study, stating that while the concept of brain fog has been widely reported, this research demonstrates its correlation with objectively measurable impairments.

The study, conducted on participants from the React cohort, revealed that even after a year or more, individuals who had previously been infected but were symptom-free still exhibited detectable cognitive deficits, equivalent to around three IQ points.

For those with unresolved symptoms lasting beyond 12 weeks, the deficit was more pronounced, amounting to approximately six IQ points.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ctorig="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/covid-scare-returns-with-jn1-rearing-its-head-do-you-need-to-worry-experts-speak-671776" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;q=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/covid-scare-returns-with-jn1-rearing-its-head-do-you-need-to-worry-experts-speak-671776&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj28N_JsdCEAxVwS2wGHQg7DqAQFnoECAIQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw20sm4ItGibZH3ygFxX9XwI" dir="ltr" href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/covid-scare-returns-with-jn1-rearing-its-head-do-you-need-to-worry-experts-speak-671776" target="_blank">Covid&nbsp;scare returns: With JN.1 spreading fast, do you need to worry</a>

Dr. Maxime Taquet from the University of Oxford, not involved in the study, emphasised that while the average cognitive deficits may be small, a considerable minority could experience more significant impairments affecting their daily functioning and work capacity.

Encouragingly, individuals with longer-lasting symptoms that eventually resolved demonstrated deficits comparable to those who experienced a mild, short-duration illness. On the other hand, individuals with unresolved symptoms lasting 12 weeks or more (indicative of long Covid) and those who had been hospitalised for Covid-19 exhibited more noticeable and broader-ranging cognitive deficits.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ctorig="https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-hamilton-to-ronaldo-athletes-who-tested-positive-for-covid-19-in-2020-352776" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;q=https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-hamilton-to-ronaldo-athletes-who-tested-positive-for-covid-19-in-2020-352776&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj28N_JsdCEAxVwS2wGHQg7DqAQFnoECAEQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw1TViFS_DYCOIPWYANjNpCQ" dir="ltr" href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-hamilton-to-ronaldo-athletes-who-tested-positive-for-covid-19-in-2020-352776" target="_blank">From Hamilton to Ronaldo: Athletes who tested positive for&nbsp;COVID</a>

Variations were also observed among those infected with early virus variants, though attributing these differences to vaccine introduction and improved treatment during the pandemic's progression was inconclusive.

(With inputs from agencies)

A study suggests that individuals enduring long-term effects of Covid-19 exhibit measurable memory and cognitive impairments comparable to a discrepancy of approximately six IQ points.

A study suggests that individuals enduring long-term effects of Covid-19 exhibit measurable memory and cognitive impairments comparable to a discrepancy of approximately six IQ points. Also read: Rising cases of silent heart attacks linked to long Covid? A study involving over 140,000 participants conducted in the summer of 2022 suggests that the repercussions of Covid-19 on cognitive and memory functions may persist for a year or more post-infection. Notably, individuals with persistent symptoms lasting over 12 weeks displayed significant deficits in tasks related to memory, reasoning, and executive function. Scientists assert that these findings provide concrete evidence of the tangible impact of brain fog. Also read: China experimenting with deadly Covid-like virus Professor Adam Hampshire, a cognitive neuroscientist at Imperial College London and the study's lead author, highlighted the significance of the study, stating that while the concept of brain fog has been widely reported, this research demonstrates its correlation with objectively measurable impairments. The study, conducted on participants from the React cohort, revealed that even after a year or more, individuals who had previously been infected but were symptom-free still exhibited detectable cognitive deficits, equivalent to around three IQ points. For those with unresolved symptoms lasting beyond 12 weeks, the deficit was more pronounced, amounting to approximately six IQ points. Also read: Covid scare returns: With JN.1 spreading fast, do you need to worry Dr. Maxime Taquet from the University of Oxford, not involved in the study, emphasised that while the average cognitive deficits may be small, a considerable minority could experience more significant impairments affecting their daily functioning and work capacity. Encouragingly, individuals with longer-lasting symptoms that eventually resolved demonstrated deficits comparable to those who experienced a mild, short-duration illness. On the other hand, individuals with unresolved symptoms lasting 12 weeks or more (indicative of long Covid) and those who had been hospitalised for Covid-19 exhibited more noticeable and broader-ranging cognitive deficits. Also read: From Hamilton to Ronaldo: Athletes who tested positive for COVID Variations were also observed among those infected with early virus variants, though attributing these differences to vaccine introduction and improved treatment during the pandemic's progression was inconclusive. (With inputs from agencies)

Measurable impact of 'brain fog' linked to long Covid: Study

Increased intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) including chips, sodas and energy drinks is associated with a higher risk of 32 adverse health outcomes, a study said on Wednesday (Feb 28).

Increased intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) including chips, sodas and energy drinks is associated with a higher risk of 32 adverse health outcomes, a study said on Wednesday (Feb 28). The study, which was published in the BMJ journal evaluated the existing meta-analytic evidence of associations between exposure to ultra-processed foods and adverse health outcomes. "To evaluate the credibility of evidence, pre-specified evidence classification criteria were applied, graded as convincing (“class I”), highly suggestive (“class II”), suggestive (“class III”), weak (“class IV”), or no evidence (“class V”). The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) framework, categorised as “high,” “moderate,” “low,” or “very low” quality," the study said. It added that over the recent decades, the availability and variety of ultra-processed products sold have substantially and rapidly increased in countries across diverse economic development levels. The findings The study identified 45 unique pooled analyses, including 13 dose-response associations and 32 non-dose-response associations. "Overall, direct associations were found between exposure to ultra-processed foods and 32 (71%) health parameters spanning mortality, cancer, and mental, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic health outcomes," the study said. Also read | Are ultra-processed foods more appealing than less processed options? Here's what a study found Scientists said that across high-income countries, the share of dietary energy derived from UPF ranges from 42 per cent to 58 per cent in Australia and the United States, to as low as 10 per cent and 25 per cent in Italy and South Korea. The study found evidence supporting direct associations between greater exposure to UPF and a higher risk of the prevalence of adverse sleep-related outcomes. It further said that two cross-sectional studies provided limited evidence of an association between greater exposure to ultra-processed foods and risks of prevalent asthma. The analysis also showed direct associations between greater ultra-processed food exposure and higher risks of cardiovascular disease. What are Ultra-processed foods? According to BMJ, UPFs are engineered to be highly desirable, combining sugar, fat, and salt to maximise reward, and adding flavours that induce eating when not hungry. Most such foods are addictive, judged by the standards set for tobacco products, and aggressively marketed with meal deals, super sizing, and advertising. Some of the most commonly sold UPF are sweetened breakfast cereals, white bread, flavoured granola bars, etc.

Greater exposure to ultra-processed foods linked to higher risk of 32 illnesses: Study

Two extensive studies conducted in the United States and published in The British Medical Journal (BMJ) reveal that both short and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is linked to an elevated risk of severe heart and lung disorders.

The studies emphasise the significant impact of PM2.5 exposure, with the Global Burden of Disease study estimating it contributes to 7.6 per cent of global mortality and 4.2 per cent of global disability-adjusted life years.

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In response to compelling evidence, the World Health Organization (WHO) updated air quality guidelines in 2021, recommending annual average PM2.5 levels not exceeding 5 mg/m3 and 24-hour average levels not exceeding 15 mg/m3 on 3-4 days each year.

The first study focused on nearly 60 million US adults aged 65 and over, linking PM2.5 exposure to hospital admissions for various cardiovascular diseases. Exposure between 9 and 10 mg/m3, the US national average during the study period, was associated with a 29 per cent increased risk compared to the WHO guideline of 5 mg/m3.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-breathing-easier-how-to-minimise-the-impact-of-air-pollution-on-lung-health-656062">Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health</a>

The cardiovascular effects persisted for at least three years after exposure, varying by age, education, healthcare access, and area deprivation.

The second study, covering 50 million US adults aged 18 and over, found that even short-term exposure to PM2.5 below the new WHO guideline of 15 mg/m3 was significantly associated with higher rates of hospital admissions and emergency department visits for natural causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease.

Despite limitations, these findings underscore the urgent need to reconsider and possibly revise air quality standards, offering valuable insights for future national regulations.

(With inputs from agencies)

Two extensive studies conducted in the United States and published in The British Medical Journal (BMJ) reveal that both short and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.

Two extensive studies conducted in the United States and published in The British Medical Journal (BMJ) reveal that both short and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is linked to an elevated risk of severe heart and lung disorders. The studies emphasise the significant impact of PM2.5 exposure, with the Global Burden of Disease study estimating it contributes to 7.6 per cent of global mortality and 4.2 per cent of global disability-adjusted life years. Also read: In Pics | World's worst air pollution disasters of all time In response to compelling evidence, the World Health Organization (WHO) updated air quality guidelines in 2021, recommending annual average PM2.5 levels not exceeding 5 mg/m3 and 24-hour average levels not exceeding 15 mg/m3 on 3-4 days each year. The first study focused on nearly 60 million US adults aged 65 and over, linking PM2.5 exposure to hospital admissions for various cardiovascular diseases. Exposure between 9 and 10 mg/m3, the US national average during the study period, was associated with a 29 per cent increased risk compared to the WHO guideline of 5 mg/m3. Also read: Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health The cardiovascular effects persisted for at least three years after exposure, varying by age, education, healthcare access, and area deprivation. The second study, covering 50 million US adults aged 18 and over, found that even short-term exposure to PM2.5 below the new WHO guideline of 15 mg/m3 was significantly associated with higher rates of hospital admissions and emergency department visits for natural causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease. Despite limitations, these findings underscore the urgent need to reconsider and possibly revise air quality standards, offering valuable insights for future national regulations. (With inputs from agencies)

Increased hospital admissions for major heart and lung diseases linked to air pollution: US study