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World Prematurity Day is observed every year on November 17 to raise awareness about the challenges women face with their babies when they are born preterm, which occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy as it is meant to last about 40 weeks. UNICEF said in the latest report that preterm birth is a leading cause of death among children under the age of five. Preterm cases have several risk factors, including immature lungs, difficulty regulating body temperature, poor feeding, slow weight gain, delicate digestive systems, and more.&nbsp;

<h2>Nutrition of preterm babies&nbsp;</h2>

An estimated 15 million babies, which means one in 10, are born prematurely worldwide every year — which highlights the magnitude of this lesser-addressed problem. Babies born&nbsp;preterm need special and tailored nutrition that meets their unique dietary needs for growth and development. The nutritional plans should be personalised, catering to the baby's age, weight, and specific health issues.&nbsp;

The world strives to find solutions and opportunities to address preterm birth and sick newborn care.

There's a need to come up with practical approaches to spread awareness to the grassroots levels.

To understand the issues in depth, WION spoke to experts so that their experiences with patients became a lesson for all the mothers who struggle.

Dr Preetha Joshi, consultant, neonatal, pediatric and cardiac intensivist at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, said that preterm babies have more nutritional needs than term babies.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-prematurity-day-2023-expert-advices-families-to-give-kangaroo-care-for-preterm-infants-659700">Expert advices families to give Kangaroo Care for preterm infants</a>&nbsp;

<h2>'Nutrition emerges as a cornerstone'&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Siva Narayan Reddy Vennapusa, DCH, DNB, Consultant - Neonatology &amp; General Pediatrics at Rainbow Children's Hospital, Secunderabad, said that the importance of nutrition emerges as a "cornerstone in nourishing the growth of our tiny patients in the complicated terrain of preterm care".&nbsp;

He said that in such cases, every moment is a "delicate ballet of medical knowledge and caring dedication".

He said, "As a doctor traversing this complex path, my viewpoint extends beyond the clinical domain to an intense dedication to building solid foundations for these little patients."&nbsp;

Emphasising the precise orchestration of micro and macronutrients, he said that the task of proper nutrition has become both an art and a science. Optimal preterm nutrition involves an active combination of evidence-based solutions and personalised care and not just a list of vitamins and minerals.&nbsp;

He said, "Every decision is an investment in the future well-being of these premature babies, from the careful balance of breast milk fortifiers to the perfect timing of introducing nutrient-rich foods."&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-medical-expert-reveals-how-urinary-incontinence-ui-can-be-treated-with-physiotherapy-659651">Medical expert reveals how Urinary Incontinence (UI) can be treated with physiotherapy</a>

<h2>What to add to their diet?&nbsp;</h2>

For preterm babies, mother's milk should be the first choice as it has many benefits, particularly colostrum which is the first milk produced.

Dr Joshi also said that for very preterm infants, total parenteral nutrition might be necessary, delivering essential nutrients intravenously. "This method carries risks like bloodstream infections and is therefore administered in a protocolised manner in Level III Neonatal Intensive Care Units only," she said.&nbsp;

To support the mothers, supporting mothers can provide expressed breast milk, which may be the most important intervention available for preterm infants.

Experts have noted that feeding with expressed human milk reduces the risk of serious infection, which is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants in developing countries.&nbsp;

Dr Joshi said that most term babies require about 85 to 100 calories per kilogramme of body weight, but preterm infants need more, they mostly require slightly higher energy, 105-135 kcals per kilogramme per day. "These extra calories help the baby catch up to reach a healthier height and weight," she said, further adding that caloric intake is important as premature infants require more calories than full-term babies to support their rapid growth.&nbsp;

"A higher intake of protein is also vital for the development of organs and muscles. Fats play a critical role in brain development and are often supplemented in preterm infants to ensure adequate growth. Vitamins and minerals are required in greater amounts due to the accelerated growth rate of preterm infants, particularly for bone development," Dr Joshi told WION.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-letter-writing-and-mental-well-being-why-companies-should-encourage-employees-to-adopt-this-habit-657316">Letter writing and mental well-being: Why companies should encourage employees to adopt this habit</a>

<h2>Kangaroo care, bonding, and more</h2>

Not just the diet, Dr Vennapusa weighed in on an important aspect which goes beyond physical. He said it involves the emotional and psychological components that are essential for overall growth. "Our advice as doctors extends beyond formula and feeding tubes to areas such as parental education, compassionate communication, and creating a supportive atmosphere," he said.&nbsp;

He said that the value of kangaroo care, bonding via shared experiences, and parental warmth. "In this holistic approach, medical expertise converges with the deeply human elements of care, recognising the intricate interplay of physical, emotional, and developmental well-being for our tiniest patients," he said.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/diabetes-awareness-month-expert-reveals-how-homeopathy-can-help-diabetic-patients-maintain-sugar-levels-657369">Expert reveals how homeopathy can help diabetic patients maintain sugar levels</a>

<h2>What should be done post-discharge?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Joshi highlighted the importance of care once the babies are discharged from hospitals.

She said, "Post-discharge, these infants often have nutritional deficits, requiring supplements like iron and vitamins, and possibly protein and energy-enriched formula milk."

She added that they also need very close growth and development monitoring over the first 3-5 years of life by a dedicated multispecialty high-risk follow-up team.&nbsp;

World Prematurity Day is observed every year on November 17 to raise awareness about the challenges women face with their babies when they are born preterm, which occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy as it is meant to last about 40 weeks.

World Prematurity Day is observed every year on November 17 to raise awareness about the challenges women face with their babies when they are born preterm, which occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy as it is meant to last about 40 weeks. UNICEF said in the latest report that preterm birth is a leading cause of death among children under the age of five. Preterm cases have several risk factors, including immature lungs, difficulty regulating body temperature, poor feeding, slow weight gain, delicate digestive systems, and more. Nutrition of preterm babies An estimated 15 million babies, which means one in 10, are born prematurely worldwide every year — which highlights the magnitude of this lesser-addressed problem. Babies born preterm need special and tailored nutrition that meets their unique dietary needs for growth and development. The nutritional plans should be personalised, catering to the baby's age, weight, and specific health issues. The world strives to find solutions and opportunities to address preterm birth and sick newborn care. There's a need to come up with practical approaches to spread awareness to the grassroots levels. To understand the issues in depth, WION spoke to experts so that their experiences with patients became a lesson for all the mothers who struggle. Dr Preetha Joshi, consultant, neonatal, pediatric and cardiac intensivist at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, said that preterm babies have more nutritional needs than term babies. Also read: Expert advices families to give Kangaroo Care for preterm infants 'Nutrition emerges as a cornerstone' Dr Siva Narayan Reddy Vennapusa, DCH, DNB, Consultant - Neonatology & General Pediatrics at Rainbow Children's Hospital, Secunderabad, said that the importance of nutrition emerges as a "cornerstone in nourishing the growth of our tiny patients in the complicated terrain of preterm care". He said that in such cases, every moment is a "delicate ballet of medical knowledge and caring dedication". He said, "As a doctor traversing this complex path, my viewpoint extends beyond the clinical domain to an intense dedication to building solid foundations for these little patients." Emphasising the precise orchestration of micro and macronutrients, he said that the task of proper nutrition has become both an art and a science. Optimal preterm nutrition involves an active combination of evidence-based solutions and personalised care and not just a list of vitamins and minerals. He said, "Every decision is an investment in the future well-being of these premature babies, from the careful balance of breast milk fortifiers to the perfect timing of introducing nutrient-rich foods." Also read: Medical expert reveals how Urinary Incontinence (UI) can be treated with physiotherapy What to add to their diet? For preterm babies, mother's milk should be the first choice as it has many benefits, particularly colostrum which is the first milk produced. Dr Joshi also said that for very preterm infants, total parenteral nutrition might be necessary, delivering essential nutrients intravenously. "This method carries risks like bloodstream infections and is therefore administered in a protocolised manner in Level III Neonatal Intensive Care Units only," she said. To support the mothers, supporting mothers can provide expressed breast milk, which may be the most important intervention available for preterm infants. Experts have noted that feeding with expressed human milk reduces the risk of serious infection, which is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants in developing countries. Dr Joshi said that most term babies require about 85 to 100 calories per kilogramme of body weight, but preterm infants need more, they mostly require slightly higher energy, 105-135 kcals per kilogramme per day. "These extra calories help the baby catch up to reach a healthier height and weight," she said, further adding that caloric intake is important as premature infants require more calories than full-term babies to support their rapid growth. "A higher intake of protein is also vital for the development of organs and muscles. Fats play a critical role in brain development and are often supplemented in preterm infants to ensure adequate growth. Vitamins and minerals are required in greater amounts due to the accelerated growth rate of preterm infants, particularly for bone development," Dr Joshi told WION. Also read: Letter writing and mental well-being: Why companies should encourage employees to adopt this habit Kangaroo care, bonding, and more Not just the diet, Dr Vennapusa weighed in on an important aspect which goes beyond physical. He said it involves the emotional and psychological components that are essential for overall growth. "Our advice as doctors extends beyond formula and feeding tubes to areas such as parental education, compassionate communication, and creating a supportive atmosphere," he said. He said that the value of kangaroo care, bonding via shared experiences, and parental warmth. "In this holistic approach, medical expertise converges with the deeply human elements of care, recognising the intricate interplay of physical, emotional, and developmental well-being for our tiniest patients," he said. Also read: Expert reveals how homeopathy can help diabetic patients maintain sugar levels What should be done post-discharge? Dr Joshi highlighted the importance of care once the babies are discharged from hospitals. She said, "Post-discharge, these infants often have nutritional deficits, requiring supplements like iron and vitamins, and possibly protein and energy-enriched formula milk." She added that they also need very close growth and development monitoring over the first 3-5 years of life by a dedicated multispecialty high-risk follow-up team.

Nutrition of premature babies: Experts share a must-follow guide for mothers and caregivers

Diabetes, a chronic disorder characterised by the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels, has emerged as a global health concern. A significant number of people experience the effects of this condition, and worrisome statistics point to an increasing prevalence of diabetes, especially among young people and adolescents.

According to a study&nbsp;conducted by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Union Health Ministry, published in the journal, The Lancet Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology, diabetes has reached epidemic proportions, impacting over 101 million adults in India, which is often called the “diabetes capital of the world”.

Alarmingly, the study anticipates a surge in diabetes figures in rural areas over the next five years despite their current low prevalence.

<h2>Understanding diabetes</h2>

Diabetes manifests when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin or when there is insulin resistance, a condition known as prediabetes. This will lead to high blood sugar levels, which can result in severe complications such as blindness, amputations, and kidney failure.&nbsp;

Recognising the symptoms of diabetes is of paramount importance for early diagnosis and effective management. Common indicators that should not be ignored include excessive thirst, where an unquenchable need for fluids becomes apparent. Going to the lavatory frequently, any time of the day and at night may indicate that your blood sugar levels are elevated.

Unexplained weight loss, despite maintaining regular eating habits, can also raise an alarm, as can constant hunger, with an insatiable appetite that remains unsatisfied. These symptoms, when identified and acted upon promptly, can be key to initiating early intervention and a better quality of life for individuals living with diabetes.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-breathing-easier-how-to-minimise-the-impact-of-air-pollution-on-lung-health-656062">Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health</a>

<h2>Homeopathic treatment: A holistic approach</h2>

Homeopathic medicine, in combination with hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin, offers a holistic approach to diabetes management. Timely administration of homoeopathic remedies can help maintain insulin levels, allowing for the gradual reduction of conventional anti-diabetic drugs and their eventual discontinuation.&nbsp;

A recent study in Athens demonstrated that combination therapy of homeopathic and allopathic medications yielded promising results. In this study, a group of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 was divided into two groups: Group 1 received conventional oral anti-diabetic drugs and a placebo, while Group 2 received the same oral anti-diabetic drugs along with homeopathy.

Over nine months of treatment, Group 1 showed a 47 per cent improvement, while Group 2, on conventional medication and homoeopathy, showed an impressive 97 per cent improvement in diabetes control.

Homeopathic remedies like Homoeopathic Insulin can help maintain normal blood sugar levels and keep urine sugar-free. Abroma Augusta is recognised as a leading natural homeopathic medicine for diabetes mellitus, while phosphorus serves as a valuable remedy to address vision weakness in diabetic patients. Uranium nitricum is helpful for excessive urination, intense thirst, and a dry mouth.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-clear-vision-amidst-the-smog-how-to-safeguard-your-eyes-from-air-pollution-656205">Clear vision amidst heavy smog: How to safeguard your eyes from severe air pollution</a>

<h2>Self-help measures</h2>

In addition to homeopathic treatments, individuals with diabetes can adopt several self-help measures to manage their condition effectively:

●&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Avoid processed and junk foods high in sugar. 
●&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Consume high-fibre&nbsp;whole foods like oats, fruits, vegetables (eg, bitter gourd), and seeds with a low glycemic index. 
●&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Incorporate regular exercise, such as 30 minutes of daily walking, to maintain a healthy weight. 
●&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Quit smoking or limit alcohol consumption.

The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a pressing global health issue, with India at the forefront of this epidemic. Early diagnosis and holistic management of diabetes are crucial to preventing life-threatening complications. Homeopathic treatments, when combined with lifestyle modifications, offer a promising approach to managing diabetes effectively. Homeopathic treatment should always be pursued under the guidance of a qualified homoeopathy.

(Authored by Dr Mukesh Batra, Padma Shree recipient, founder and chairman of&nbsp;Dr Batra's Healthcare)

Diabetes, a chronic disorder characterised by the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels, has emerged as a global health concern. A significant number of people experience the effects of this condition, and worrisome statistics point to an increasing prevalence of diabetes, especially among young people and adolescents.

Diabetes, a chronic disorder characterised by the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels, has emerged as a global health concern. A significant number of people experience the effects of this condition, and worrisome statistics point to an increasing prevalence of diabetes, especially among young people and adolescents. According to a study conducted by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Union Health Ministry, published in the journal, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, diabetes has reached epidemic proportions, impacting over 101 million adults in India, which is often called the “diabetes capital of the world”. Alarmingly, the study anticipates a surge in diabetes figures in rural areas over the next five years despite their current low prevalence. Understanding diabetes Diabetes manifests when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin or when there is insulin resistance, a condition known as prediabetes. This will lead to high blood sugar levels, which can result in severe complications such as blindness, amputations, and kidney failure. Recognising the symptoms of diabetes is of paramount importance for early diagnosis and effective management. Common indicators that should not be ignored include excessive thirst, where an unquenchable need for fluids becomes apparent. Going to the lavatory frequently, any time of the day and at night may indicate that your blood sugar levels are elevated. Unexplained weight loss, despite maintaining regular eating habits, can also raise an alarm, as can constant hunger, with an insatiable appetite that remains unsatisfied. These symptoms, when identified and acted upon promptly, can be key to initiating early intervention and a better quality of life for individuals living with diabetes. Also read: Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health Homeopathic treatment: A holistic approach Homeopathic medicine, in combination with hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin, offers a holistic approach to diabetes management. Timely administration of homoeopathic remedies can help maintain insulin levels, allowing for the gradual reduction of conventional anti-diabetic drugs and their eventual discontinuation. A recent study in Athens demonstrated that combination therapy of homeopathic and allopathic medications yielded promising results. In this study, a group of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 was divided into two groups: Group 1 received conventional oral anti-diabetic drugs and a placebo, while Group 2 received the same oral anti-diabetic drugs along with homeopathy. Over nine months of treatment, Group 1 showed a 47 per cent improvement, while Group 2, on conventional medication and homoeopathy, showed an impressive 97 per cent improvement in diabetes control. Homeopathic remedies like Homoeopathic Insulin can help maintain normal blood sugar levels and keep urine sugar-free. Abroma Augusta is recognised as a leading natural homeopathic medicine for diabetes mellitus, while phosphorus serves as a valuable remedy to address vision weakness in diabetic patients. Uranium nitricum is helpful for excessive urination, intense thirst, and a dry mouth. Also read: Clear vision amidst heavy smog: How to safeguard your eyes from severe air pollution Self-help measures In addition to homeopathic treatments, individuals with diabetes can adopt several self-help measures to manage their condition effectively: ● Avoid processed and junk foods high in sugar. ● Consume high-fibre whole foods like oats, fruits, vegetables (eg, bitter gourd), and seeds with a low glycemic index. ● Incorporate regular exercise, such as 30 minutes of daily walking, to maintain a healthy weight. ● Quit smoking or limit alcohol consumption. The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a pressing global health issue, with India at the forefront of this epidemic. Early diagnosis and holistic management of diabetes are crucial to preventing life-threatening complications. Homeopathic treatments, when combined with lifestyle modifications, offer a promising approach to managing diabetes effectively. Homeopathic treatment should always be pursued under the guidance of a qualified homoeopathy. (Authored by Dr Mukesh Batra, Padma Shree recipient, founder and chairman of Dr Batra's Healthcare)

Diabetes Awareness Month | Expert reveals how homeopathy can help diabetic patients maintain sugar levels

The surgeons in the United States have performed the world's first transplant of an entire eye in a procedure on a man. This has been hailed as a major breakthrough, but it's not sure the man will regain vision.&nbsp;

For years, surgeons have been able to transplant corneas successfully, but the latest surgery involved removing part of the face and the whole left eye, which included its blood supply and the optic nerve of a donor.&nbsp;

The surgeons then grafted them onto Aaron James, a lineworker from Arkansas who survived a 7,200-volt electric shock in June 2021.&nbsp;

The 46-year-old suffered extensive injuries, including the loss of his left eye, his dominant left arm above the elbow, his nose and lips, front teeth, left cheek area and chin.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/usfda-approves-first-chikungunya-virus-vaccine-657107">First chikungunya virus vaccine approved by FDA for those 18 and above</a>&nbsp;

James was referred to NYU Langone Health for facial transplants. The procedures were carried out by the hospital on May 27.&nbsp;

Previously, transplantation of an entire eye has been successful to some extent in animals, where they have restored partial vision. But it was never done before on a living person.&nbsp;

Meanwhile, the surgeons have revealed that James was recovering well from the dual transplant. They also said that the donated eye looked remarkably healthy.&nbsp;

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Watch:&nbsp;Micromanaged workers at higher risk of heart attacks&nbsp;

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Dr Eduardo Rodriguez, one of the leading surgeons on the team, said: "The mere fact that we've accomplished the first successful whole-eye transplant with a face is a tremendous feat many have long thought was not possible."&nbsp;

"We've made one major step forward and have paved the way for the next chapter to restore vision," Dr Rodriguez added.&nbsp;

Dr Rodriguez told ABC News "We're not claiming that we are going to restore sight. But there's no doubt in my mind we are one step closer".&nbsp;

"This is a huge deal," Kia Washington, a professor of surgery at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, who has been working in the same field for 15 years, told AFP, commending her peers.

James had surgery in his left eye, and his right eye still works. In an interview, James said, "I can see out of it, that's great. But if it'll kick-start the next path in the medical field, then I'm all for it."&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

The surgeons in the United States have performed the world's first transplant of an entire eye in a procedure on a man. This has been hailed as a major breakthrough, but it's not sure the man will regain vision.

The surgeons in the United States have performed the world's first transplant of an entire eye in a procedure on a man. This has been hailed as a major breakthrough, but it's not sure the man will regain vision. For years, surgeons have been able to transplant corneas successfully, but the latest surgery involved removing part of the face and the whole left eye, which included its blood supply and the optic nerve of a donor. The surgeons then grafted them onto Aaron James, a lineworker from Arkansas who survived a 7,200-volt electric shock in June 2021. The 46-year-old suffered extensive injuries, including the loss of his left eye, his dominant left arm above the elbow, his nose and lips, front teeth, left cheek area and chin. Also read: First chikungunya virus vaccine approved by FDA for those 18 and above James was referred to NYU Langone Health for facial transplants. The procedures were carried out by the hospital on May 27. Previously, transplantation of an entire eye has been successful to some extent in animals, where they have restored partial vision. But it was never done before on a living person. Meanwhile, the surgeons have revealed that James was recovering well from the dual transplant. They also said that the donated eye looked remarkably healthy. Also read: This is how long it takes for brain to repair damage due to heavy drinking Watch: Micromanaged workers at higher risk of heart attacks × Dr Eduardo Rodriguez, one of the leading surgeons on the team, said: "The mere fact that we've accomplished the first successful whole-eye transplant with a face is a tremendous feat many have long thought was not possible." "We've made one major step forward and have paved the way for the next chapter to restore vision," Dr Rodriguez added. Dr Rodriguez told ABC News "We're not claiming that we are going to restore sight. But there's no doubt in my mind we are one step closer". "This is a huge deal," Kia Washington, a professor of surgery at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, who has been working in the same field for 15 years, told AFP, commending her peers. James had surgery in his left eye, and his right eye still works. In an interview, James said, "I can see out of it, that's great. But if it'll kick-start the next path in the medical field, then I'm all for it." (With inputs from agencies)

In a major breakthrough, surgeons perform world's first whole eye transplant

Diwali, often referred to as the festival of lights, welcomes a season of happiness, festivity, and community. However, it can also pose some risks to our health, especially our eyes if proper care is not taken. Since it's a time to celebrate with dazzling fireworks and bright diyas, it becomes&nbsp;crucial to prioritise eye safety, especially when it comes to children, says, Dr Neeraj Shah, Chief Medical Officer, Cataract, Cornea &amp; Refractive Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Jaipur.

Here are some essential eye care tips for children during Diwali:

Limit Firework Exposure: Limiting the exposure of children to fireworks which can be exceptionally bright and noisy especially those that produce intense flashes of light is necessary. Protective eyewear while bursting crackers is a must. The eyewear needs to specifically provide safety against crackers.

Supervision is Key: Children are naturally curious, and they may be drawn to fireworks. Always supervise them closely during fireworks displays to prevent them from handling or getting too close to fireworks, which can result in serious eye injuries.

Educating on Firework Safety: Teach children about the importance of maintaining a safe distance from fireworks. Ensure that they never attempt to relight a firework that hasn't gone off as intended, as this can lead to accidents. Tell them to keep their faces away from crackers while trying to light them

Avoid Sparklers: Sparklers, often considered safe for children, can actually be dangerous. They burn at high temperatures and can cause burns or eye injuries. It's best to avoid them altogether.

Wash Hands Thoroughly: After handling fireworks, ensure that children wash their hands thoroughly. They should avoid touching their face, especially their eyes, until their hands are clean to prevent the transfer of potentially harmful chemicals.

Stay Away from Cracker Debris: After fireworks have been set off, the area can be littered with debris. Ensure that children stay away from these areas to prevent accidental eye injuries from debris or small explosive materials.

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Use Diyas Safely: Diyas and candles are integral to Diwali celebrations. Teach children to handle them with care to avoid burns or accidents. Always place them out of their reach to prevent accidental contact.

Prevent Smoke Exposure: Smoke from fireworks can irritate the eyes. If possible, celebrate with eco-friendly and low-smoke fireworks. Keep the area well-ventilated to reduce exposure to smoke.

Eye Drops and First Aid: Have basic eye drops and a first-aid kit on hand in case of minor irritations or accidents. One should seek immediate medical attention in case of any eye injury during the festive season.

While celebrating Diwali, one must not forget to&nbsp;prioritise safety and health, especially when it comes to children. So make sure your kids have a Happy Diwali by following the above-mentioned eye care tips.

Diwali, often referred to as the festival of lights, welcomes a season of happiness, festivity, and community. However, it can also pose some risks to our health, especially our eyes if proper care is not taken.

Diwali, often referred to as the festival of lights, welcomes a season of happiness, festivity, and community. However, it can also pose some risks to our health, especially our eyes if proper care is not taken. Since it's a time to celebrate with dazzling fireworks and bright diyas, it becomes crucial to prioritise eye safety, especially when it comes to children, says, Dr Neeraj Shah, Chief Medical Officer, Cataract, Cornea & Refractive Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Jaipur. Here are some essential eye care tips for children during Diwali: Limit Firework Exposure: Limiting the exposure of children to fireworks which can be exceptionally bright and noisy especially those that produce intense flashes of light is necessary. Protective eyewear while bursting crackers is a must. The eyewear needs to specifically provide safety against crackers. Supervision is Key: Children are naturally curious, and they may be drawn to fireworks. Always supervise them closely during fireworks displays to prevent them from handling or getting too close to fireworks, which can result in serious eye injuries. Educating on Firework Safety: Teach children about the importance of maintaining a safe distance from fireworks. Ensure that they never attempt to relight a firework that hasn't gone off as intended, as this can lead to accidents. Tell them to keep their faces away from crackers while trying to light them Avoid Sparklers: Sparklers, often considered safe for children, can actually be dangerous. They burn at high temperatures and can cause burns or eye injuries. It's best to avoid them altogether. Wash Hands Thoroughly: After handling fireworks, ensure that children wash their hands thoroughly. They should avoid touching their face, especially their eyes, until their hands are clean to prevent the transfer of potentially harmful chemicals. Stay Away from Cracker Debris: After fireworks have been set off, the area can be littered with debris. Ensure that children stay away from these areas to prevent accidental eye injuries from debris or small explosive materials. Also read: Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health Use Diyas Safely: Diyas and candles are integral to Diwali celebrations. Teach children to handle them with care to avoid burns or accidents. Always place them out of their reach to prevent accidental contact. Prevent Smoke Exposure: Smoke from fireworks can irritate the eyes. If possible, celebrate with eco-friendly and low-smoke fireworks. Keep the area well-ventilated to reduce exposure to smoke. Eye Drops and First Aid: Have basic eye drops and a first-aid kit on hand in case of minor irritations or accidents. One should seek immediate medical attention in case of any eye injury during the festive season. While celebrating Diwali, one must not forget to prioritise safety and health, especially when it comes to children. So make sure your kids have a Happy Diwali by following the above-mentioned eye care tips.

Eye care tips for children for a happy Diwali

When it comes to making dietary choices, meat has long been hailed as a fundamental source of protein, featuring prominently in diverse culinary traditions globally. However, recent studies have shed light on a concerning correlation between meat consumption, particularly red meat, and the heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This revelation prompts a critical examination of our dietary habits and a revaluation of what we consider a healthy lifestyle.

<h2>Understanding the link</h2>

A comprehensive study reveals that red meat, rich in "heme" iron, may contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby escalating the risk of diabetes. Moreover, it is&nbsp;associated with higher levels of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, known culprits in cardiovascular disease. The proliferation of processed meats in our daily lives further compounds the issue, with nitrates and preservatives posing a threat to pancreatic cells responsible for insulin production.

Another study amplifies the concern, indicating a 1.5 times higher likelihood of type 2 diabetes when consuming red meats, chicken, and processed meats cooked at high temperatures. The exact mechanism remains unclear, but researchers postulate that chemicals produced during high-temperature cooking, such as charring through grilling and open-fire cooking, may trigger inflammatory responses affecting insulin production and utilisation. This, coupled with an increased risk of weight gain and obesity from such dietary practices, underscores the intricate relationship between diet, cooking methods, and diabetes risk.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-breathing-easier-how-to-minimise-the-impact-of-air-pollution-on-lung-health-656062">Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health</a>

<h2>The greener approach</h2>

In response to these findings, experts are increasingly advocating for a plant-based diet as an effective strategy for both preventing and managing diabetes. The emphasis on a plant-based diet stems from its documented physical benefits, including improved glucose control, reduced neuropathy, weight loss, and lower levels of fats in the blood.

Dr Mukesh Batra, Padmashree Recipient and Founder and Chairman of Dr Batra’s Healthcare, says, "A healthy lifestyle helps build a robust immune system that can resist diseases. However, many people today indulge in processed foods and consume more meat than is recommended. A recent study by Harvard University found that people who eat two servings of red meat per week may have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes."

During the study, people who consumed red meat twice a week had a 62 per cent higher risk of having type 2 diabetes compared to those consuming the least amount of red meat. Every additional daily serving of processed red meat was associated with a 46 per cent greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In comparison, every extra daily serving of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 24 per cent&nbsp;greater risk.

Dr Mukesh adds, "To foster a wholesome way of life and reduce every possibility of type 2 diabetes development, it's crucial to prioritise a balanced diet incorporating a diverse range of whole foods (like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and nourishing fats). Restricting your consumption of refined sugars and processed foods while embracing portion control to regulate your carbohydrate intake effectively is also vital. Moreover, it is also essential to engage in regular physical activity, which can help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Hence, eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods, limiting the intake of processed foods and refined sugars, practising portion control to manage carbs and engaging in physical activities are some tips for maintaining a healthy lifestyle."

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-clear-vision-amidst-the-smog-how-to-safeguard-your-eyes-from-air-pollution-656205">Clear vision amidst heavy smog: How to safeguard your eyes from severe air pollution</a>

Dr Vinodh Kumar S, MBBS, MD (Internal Medicine), Consultant Physician and Diabetologist at Connect &amp; Heal, holds a similar opinion. He says, "The rising incidence of diabetes in India is a concerning trend, primarily linked to the rapid urbanisation and lifestyle changes that have ushered in diets high in fats and refined carbs, along with decreased physical activity and heightened stress levels. These factors have notably contributed to the concerning statistics—101 million individuals living with diabetes and 136 million possibly in the pre-diabetic stage. Moreover, factors such as obesity, specifically central adiposity, and high blood pressure have also been established as significant risk factors."

Dr Vinodh adds, "In this context, educating individuals on the crucial role of nutrition, emphasising the impact of carbohydrates, and advocating for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is paramount. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress through mindfulness practices are equally pivotal. Smoking cessation, alcohol moderation and regular health check-ups are additional essential steps in preventing complications. For those requiring further intervention, tailored lifestyle adjustments like Diabetic diets, fitness regimes, medications, or insulin therapy may be necessary. We must collectively strive for a comprehensive approach to curb this diabetes surge and enhance the well-being of our population."

Understanding the link between red meat and type 2 diabetes emphasises the need for healthier eating and lifestyle habits. Evidence supports the effectiveness of a plant-based diet and mindful cooking. Making informed choices and following expert advice are crucial in building a healthier, diabetes-resistant future amidst the challenges of modern living.

When it comes to making dietary choices, meat has long been hailed as a fundamental source of protein, featuring prominently in diverse culinary traditions globally.

When it comes to making dietary choices, meat has long been hailed as a fundamental source of protein, featuring prominently in diverse culinary traditions globally. However, recent studies have shed light on a concerning correlation between meat consumption, particularly red meat, and the heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This revelation prompts a critical examination of our dietary habits and a revaluation of what we consider a healthy lifestyle. Understanding the link A comprehensive study reveals that red meat, rich in "heme" iron, may contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby escalating the risk of diabetes. Moreover, it is associated with higher levels of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, known culprits in cardiovascular disease. The proliferation of processed meats in our daily lives further compounds the issue, with nitrates and preservatives posing a threat to pancreatic cells responsible for insulin production. Another study amplifies the concern, indicating a 1.5 times higher likelihood of type 2 diabetes when consuming red meats, chicken, and processed meats cooked at high temperatures. The exact mechanism remains unclear, but researchers postulate that chemicals produced during high-temperature cooking, such as charring through grilling and open-fire cooking, may trigger inflammatory responses affecting insulin production and utilisation. This, coupled with an increased risk of weight gain and obesity from such dietary practices, underscores the intricate relationship between diet, cooking methods, and diabetes risk. Also read: Breathing easier! How to minimise the impact of air pollution on lung health The greener approach In response to these findings, experts are increasingly advocating for a plant-based diet as an effective strategy for both preventing and managing diabetes. The emphasis on a plant-based diet stems from its documented physical benefits, including improved glucose control, reduced neuropathy, weight loss, and lower levels of fats in the blood. Dr Mukesh Batra, Padmashree Recipient and Founder and Chairman of Dr Batra’s Healthcare, says, "A healthy lifestyle helps build a robust immune system that can resist diseases. However, many people today indulge in processed foods and consume more meat than is recommended. A recent study by Harvard University found that people who eat two servings of red meat per week may have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes." During the study, people who consumed red meat twice a week had a 62 per cent higher risk of having type 2 diabetes compared to those consuming the least amount of red meat. Every additional daily serving of processed red meat was associated with a 46 per cent greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In comparison, every extra daily serving of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 24 per cent greater risk. Dr Mukesh adds, "To foster a wholesome way of life and reduce every possibility of type 2 diabetes development, it's crucial to prioritise a balanced diet incorporating a diverse range of whole foods (like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and nourishing fats). Restricting your consumption of refined sugars and processed foods while embracing portion control to regulate your carbohydrate intake effectively is also vital. Moreover, it is also essential to engage in regular physical activity, which can help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. Hence, eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods, limiting the intake of processed foods and refined sugars, practising portion control to manage carbs and engaging in physical activities are some tips for maintaining a healthy lifestyle." Also read: Clear vision amidst heavy smog: How to safeguard your eyes from severe air pollution Dr Vinodh Kumar S, MBBS, MD (Internal Medicine), Consultant Physician and Diabetologist at Connect & Heal, holds a similar opinion. He says, "The rising incidence of diabetes in India is a concerning trend, primarily linked to the rapid urbanisation and lifestyle changes that have ushered in diets high in fats and refined carbs, along with decreased physical activity and heightened stress levels. These factors have notably contributed to the concerning statistics—101 million individuals living with diabetes and 136 million possibly in the pre-diabetic stage. Moreover, factors such as obesity, specifically central adiposity, and high blood pressure have also been established as significant risk factors." Dr Vinodh adds, "In this context, educating individuals on the crucial role of nutrition, emphasising the impact of carbohydrates, and advocating for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is paramount. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress through mindfulness practices are equally pivotal. Smoking cessation, alcohol moderation and regular health check-ups are additional essential steps in preventing complications. For those requiring further intervention, tailored lifestyle adjustments like Diabetic diets, fitness regimes, medications, or insulin therapy may be necessary. We must collectively strive for a comprehensive approach to curb this diabetes surge and enhance the well-being of our population." Understanding the link between red meat and type 2 diabetes emphasises the need for healthier eating and lifestyle habits. Evidence supports the effectiveness of a plant-based diet and mindful cooking. Making informed choices and following expert advice are crucial in building a healthier, diabetes-resistant future amidst the challenges of modern living.

Cooking choices, eating habits: Expert-approved strategies for a diabetes-free future

Daye, a gynaecological health startup in the United Kingdom (UK), has launched a tampon that offers screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), British media reported on Monday (Nov 6). The "STI Diagnostic Tampon" uses a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test <a href="https://www.yourdaye.com/products/at-home-vaginal-screening/">for five STIs</a>&nbsp;- chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomonas, mycoplasma and ureaplasma.&nbsp;

This tampon is used in place of a swab or speculum, a report by The Guardian on Monday said. According to Daye, the diagnostic tampon aims to speed up diagnosis and treatment. As per the startup's website, women can order the kit online, collect and send their samples to Daye's partner labs, and receive their results online.

As per The Guardian report, Professor Michelle Tempest from Cambridge University’s medical school said that Daye was redefining STI testing, allowing women to take control of their sexual health “in a noninvasive way in the comfort of their own homes”.

Meanwhile, Dr Amira Bhaiji, an internal medicine physician, said that this tampon was the perfect solution for increased uptake and accuracy of STI testing. Dr Bhaiji added that the kit would give the users "their ownership back, which historically has been known to be quite a lonely and very personal struggle for some to overcome”.&nbsp;

However, Dr Emma Harding-Esch, an epidemiologist, cautioned on some forms of at-home testing. Dr Harding-Esch said that the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (Bashh) considers testing for organisms of doubtful clinical significance, such as ureaplasma, among others inappropriate, as it could lead to overtreatment.

Last year, Daye launched a vaginal microbiome screening service. Speaking to TechCrunch, the startup said it had “thousands” of customers for this service. Daye has also claimed that tampons are a better testing device than swabs or any other protocols that a patient might be administered at a clinic since its test tampons collect more vaginal fluid and cover a larger surface area.&nbsp;

Daye, a gynaecological health startup in the United Kingdom (UK), has launched a tampon that offers screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), British media reported on Monday (Nov 6).

Daye, a gynaecological health startup in the United Kingdom (UK), has launched a tampon that offers screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), British media reported on Monday (Nov 6). The "STI Diagnostic Tampon" uses a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test for five STIs - chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomonas, mycoplasma and ureaplasma. This tampon is used in place of a swab or speculum, a report by The Guardian on Monday said. According to Daye, the diagnostic tampon aims to speed up diagnosis and treatment. As per the startup's website, women can order the kit online, collect and send their samples to Daye's partner labs, and receive their results online. As per The Guardian report, Professor Michelle Tempest from Cambridge University’s medical school said that Daye was redefining STI testing, allowing women to take control of their sexual health “in a noninvasive way in the comfort of their own homes”. Meanwhile, Dr Amira Bhaiji, an internal medicine physician, said that this tampon was the perfect solution for increased uptake and accuracy of STI testing. Dr Bhaiji added that the kit would give the users "their ownership back, which historically has been known to be quite a lonely and very personal struggle for some to overcome”. However, Dr Emma Harding-Esch, an epidemiologist, cautioned on some forms of at-home testing. Dr Harding-Esch said that the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (Bashh) considers testing for organisms of doubtful clinical significance, such as ureaplasma, among others inappropriate, as it could lead to overtreatment. Last year, Daye launched a vaginal microbiome screening service. Speaking to TechCrunch, the startup said it had “thousands” of customers for this service. Daye has also claimed that tampons are a better testing device than swabs or any other protocols that a patient might be administered at a clinic since its test tampons collect more vaginal fluid and cover a larger surface area.

British startup launches tampon that offers STI screening

For Marc Gauthier, everyday activities were a challenge. Having to endure Parkinson’s disease for nearly three decades, taking just a step forward seemed a bigger task for the 63-year-old Frenchman from Bordeaux as one could imagine.

But now he is able to walk for several kilometres without falling over and can perform everyday tasks like any other human being.

It’s all thanks to a special implant that stimulates nerves in his spine.

“Walking in a store would be really difficult, impossible before, because of the freezing of gait that would often happen in those environments. And now, it just doesn’t happen anymore. I don’t have freezing anymore,” Gauthier, who lives near Bordeaux, France, said in a news briefing, speaking in French that was translated to English.

Gauthier is the first person with advanced Parkinson’s to be fitted with experimental spinal cord neuroprosthesis to correct walking disorders.

Step by step, he said, it has helped him get his stride back.

The study, which details how the neuroprosthesis works by targeting specific areas of the spinal cord with electrical stimulation, was published on Monday in Nature Medicine journal.

“Addressing deficits of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease is extremely challenging. These deficits can be very heterogenous. They can be variable across patients. They can affect walking but also symmetry, balance, posture,” Dr Eduardo Moraud, an author of the study and researcher at Lausanne University Hospital in Switzerland, said during the news briefing.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/holy-grail-of-shipwrecks-holding-treasures-worth-20bn-to-be-recovered-from-colombias-sea-656130">‘Holy Grail of Shipwrecks’, holding treasures worth $20bn, to be recovered from Colombia's sea</a>

“The neuroprosthetic approach that we have developed here allows for the first time to target and address these problems individually in a highly specific manner for each patient,” Moraud said.

“It operates in real time, and importantly, it is complementary to other existing therapies.”

<h2>How it works?</h2>

The device is wired to a small impulse generator with its own power supply, and implanted under the skin of Marc's abdomen.

Also read |&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-put-martian-rock-that-hit-earth-in-nuclear-reactor-and-solved-tricky-puzzle-656117">Scientists put Martian rock that hit Earth in nuclear reactor and solve a tricky puzzle</a>

After surgery to fit the device, Marc had weeks of rehabilitation to programme it, using feedback sensors on his legs and shoes.

Neurosurgeon Jocelyne Bloch, who implanted Marc's device&nbsp;around two years ago, said the technology and procedure were similar to that which had helped some spinal-injury patients for many years.

"It is impressive to see how by electrically stimulating the spinal cord in a targeted manner, in the same way as we have done with paraplegic patients, we can correct walking disorders caused by Parkinson's disease," she said, according to BBC.

(With inputs from agencies)

For Marc Gauthier, everyday activities were a challenge. Having to endure Parkinson’s disease for nearly three decades, taking just a step forward seemed a bigger task for the 63-year-old Frenchman from Bordeaux as one could imagine.

For Marc Gauthier, everyday activities were a challenge. Having to endure Parkinson’s disease for nearly three decades, taking just a step forward seemed a bigger task for the 63-year-old Frenchman from Bordeaux as one could imagine. But now he is able to walk for several kilometres without falling over and can perform everyday tasks like any other human being. It’s all thanks to a special implant that stimulates nerves in his spine. “Walking in a store would be really difficult, impossible before, because of the freezing of gait that would often happen in those environments. And now, it just doesn’t happen anymore. I don’t have freezing anymore,” Gauthier, who lives near Bordeaux, France, said in a news briefing, speaking in French that was translated to English. Gauthier is the first person with advanced Parkinson’s to be fitted with experimental spinal cord neuroprosthesis to correct walking disorders. Step by step, he said, it has helped him get his stride back. The study, which details how the neuroprosthesis works by targeting specific areas of the spinal cord with electrical stimulation, was published on Monday in Nature Medicine journal. “Addressing deficits of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease is extremely challenging. These deficits can be very heterogenous. They can be variable across patients. They can affect walking but also symmetry, balance, posture,” Dr Eduardo Moraud, an author of the study and researcher at Lausanne University Hospital in Switzerland, said during the news briefing. Also read | ‘Holy Grail of Shipwrecks’, holding treasures worth $20bn, to be recovered from Colombia's sea “The neuroprosthetic approach that we have developed here allows for the first time to target and address these problems individually in a highly specific manner for each patient,” Moraud said. “It operates in real time, and importantly, it is complementary to other existing therapies.” How it works? The device is wired to a small impulse generator with its own power supply, and implanted under the skin of Marc's abdomen. Also read | Scientists put Martian rock that hit Earth in nuclear reactor and solve a tricky puzzle After surgery to fit the device, Marc had weeks of rehabilitation to programme it, using feedback sensors on his legs and shoes. Neurosurgeon Jocelyne Bloch, who implanted Marc's device around two years ago, said the technology and procedure were similar to that which had helped some spinal-injury patients for many years. "It is impressive to see how by electrically stimulating the spinal cord in a targeted manner, in the same way as we have done with paraplegic patients, we can correct walking disorders caused by Parkinson's disease," she said, according to BBC. (With inputs from agencies)

Parkinson’s patient now able to walk again, thanks to experimental spinal cord implant

Every year on July 28th, World Hepatitis Day serves as a rallying cry for individuals, governments, healthcare organisations, and communities around the globe to unite against Hepatitis. In an interview, renowned Liver Specialist Dr. Sushrut Singh&nbsp;shed light on the common risk factors associated with hepatitis and the varying degrees of severity for different types of hepatitis.&nbsp;

Dr. Singh also spoke about the importance of early diagnosis and measures individuals can take to safeguard themselves from contracting the disease.

<h2>Common risk factors and prevention&nbsp;</h2>

Dr. Singh cautioned that maintaining a healthy liver is crucial for a healthy life. Hepatitis can be caused by various viruses, with Hepatitis A and E being transmitted through contaminated food and water.&nbsp;

To prevent these forms of hepatitis, Dr. Singh stressed the following precautions:

Hygienic food and beverages: Consume food and beverages only from trusted, hygienic sources to reduce the risk of infection.

Disinfect drinking water: Use appropriate methods to disinfect drinking water based on availability, ensuring it is safe for consumption.

Properly wash raw foods: Wash raw foods thoroughly before consumption to eliminate any potential virus-contaminated particles.

Hand hygiene: Regularly wash hands with soap and water before and after meals to minimise the chances of viral transmission.

<h2>Varying degrees of severity</h2>

Dr. Sushrut Singh highlighted that there are primarily four types of hepatitis viruses. "Hepatitis A and E cause acute illness while Hepatitis virus B and C cause Chronic Hepatitis and Cirrhosis," he said.&nbsp;

Hepatitis A and E: Dr. Singh noted that these viruses cause acute illnesses and are usually self-limiting, meaning they resolve on their own. Symptoms may include low-grade fever, body pain, fatigue, and jaundice. While severe liver infection or failure may require hospitalisation, most cases do not require admission, he adds.&nbsp;

Hepatitis B and C: These viruses can cause chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Unlike Hepatitis A and E, they don't typically cause acute disease. Patients at risk for Hepatitis B and C include intravenous drug abuse, individuals with high-risk sexual behavior (unprotected sex with multiple partners), patients requiring dialysis or recurrent blood transfusions, infants born to infected mothers, and partners of infected patients.

Dr. Singh said that early diagnosis is essential in managing hepatitis effectively.&nbsp;

"Simple blood tests can be conducted to detect the presence of the viruses, while liver function tests help assess the severity of liver damage. Advanced tests such as ultrasound and FIBROSCAN are necessary for evaluating chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis," he said.&nbsp;

<h2>Treatment options</h2>

For Hepatitis A and E, Dr. Singh advised that these infections typically resolve on their own with good nutrition, and patients should avoid seeking herbal supplements from unverified sources.

In contrast, Hepatitis B and C can cause significant liver damage if left untreated.&nbsp;

The good news is that very effective and safe treatments, in the form of oral tablets, are now available for these forms of hepatitis. By adopting simple preventive measures and seeking timely medical care, individuals can safeguard their liver health and overall well-being.

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Every year on July 28th, World Hepatitis Day serves as a rallying cry for individuals, governments, healthcare organisations, and communities around the globe to unite against Hepatitis.

Every year on July 28th, World Hepatitis Day serves as a rallying cry for individuals, governments, healthcare organisations, and communities around the globe to unite against Hepatitis. In an interview, renowned Liver Specialist Dr. Sushrut Singh shed light on the common risk factors associated with hepatitis and the varying degrees of severity for different types of hepatitis. Dr. Singh also spoke about the importance of early diagnosis and measures individuals can take to safeguard themselves from contracting the disease. Common risk factors and prevention Dr. Singh cautioned that maintaining a healthy liver is crucial for a healthy life. Hepatitis can be caused by various viruses, with Hepatitis A and E being transmitted through contaminated food and water. To prevent these forms of hepatitis, Dr. Singh stressed the following precautions: Hygienic food and beverages: Consume food and beverages only from trusted, hygienic sources to reduce the risk of infection. Disinfect drinking water: Use appropriate methods to disinfect drinking water based on availability, ensuring it is safe for consumption. Properly wash raw foods: Wash raw foods thoroughly before consumption to eliminate any potential virus-contaminated particles. Hand hygiene: Regularly wash hands with soap and water before and after meals to minimise the chances of viral transmission. Varying degrees of severity Dr. Sushrut Singh highlighted that there are primarily four types of hepatitis viruses. "Hepatitis A and E cause acute illness while Hepatitis virus B and C cause Chronic Hepatitis and Cirrhosis," he said. Hepatitis A and E: Dr. Singh noted that these viruses cause acute illnesses and are usually self-limiting, meaning they resolve on their own. Symptoms may include low-grade fever, body pain, fatigue, and jaundice. While severe liver infection or failure may require hospitalisation, most cases do not require admission, he adds. Hepatitis B and C: These viruses can cause chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Unlike Hepatitis A and E, they don't typically cause acute disease. Patients at risk for Hepatitis B and C include intravenous drug abuse, individuals with high-risk sexual behavior (unprotected sex with multiple partners), patients requiring dialysis or recurrent blood transfusions, infants born to infected mothers, and partners of infected patients. Dr. Singh said that early diagnosis is essential in managing hepatitis effectively. "Simple blood tests can be conducted to detect the presence of the viruses, while liver function tests help assess the severity of liver damage. Advanced tests such as ultrasound and FIBROSCAN are necessary for evaluating chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis," he said. Treatment options For Hepatitis A and E, Dr. Singh advised that these infections typically resolve on their own with good nutrition, and patients should avoid seeking herbal supplements from unverified sources. In contrast, Hepatitis B and C can cause significant liver damage if left untreated. The good news is that very effective and safe treatments, in the form of oral tablets, are now available for these forms of hepatitis. By adopting simple preventive measures and seeking timely medical care, individuals can safeguard their liver health and overall well-being. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

World Hepatitis Day 2023: Liver specialist shares risk factors, severity, and preventive measures

Reports in CNN are all rife about a syphilis outbreak as informed by the Houston Health Department, this Thursday, with an increase of 128% among women in the city, and a ninefold increase in congenital cases in Houston and the surrounding Harris County area since 2019. 
 
While we can see that it is making inroads into the US, this is actually something that needs to be noted and prevented, all over the world. The department said that new infections rose by 57% from 2019 to 2022. There were 2,905 new infections in 2022, compared to 1,845 new infections in 2019.&nbsp;

There were 674 cases among women in 2022, a steep increase from 295 cases in 2019, according to the release. And there were 151 cases of congenital syphilis in 2021, the latest year for which statistics are available, compared to just 16 cases in 2016.

It is all the more worrying when it comes to congenital syphilis which happens when a mother passes the bacterial infection to the baby in the womb. Untreated congenital syphilis can lead to stillbirth or damage to the baby’s organs or bones. Considered the highest risk category, pregnant women should be tested frequently.&nbsp;

What is syphilis

Known as a bacterial infection that is commonly spread through sexual contact, it usually starts with a painless sore on the genitals or mouth – direct contact with the sores spreads the infection. As detailed by the Mayo Clinic, after the initial infection, the syphilis bacteria can remain inactive in the body for decades before becoming active again.

Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores. Early syphilis can be cured, sometimes with a single shot (injection) of penicillin. The cause of syphilis is a bacterium called Treponema pallidum. The most common way syphilis is spread is through contact with an infected person's sore during sexual activity. The bacteria enter the body through minor cuts or abrasions in the skin or mucous membranes. Syphilis is contagious during its primary and secondary stages, and sometimes in the early latent period.

Less commonly, syphilis may spread through direct contact with an active lesion, such as during kissing. It can also be passed from mothers to their babies during pregnancy or childbirth.

The symptoms&nbsp;

In the early stages, because it may not have obvious symptoms, pregnant people and their healthcare providers might not notice it or screen for it at all. 
It starts as painless sores &nbsp;or chancre that spreads the disease that can go undetected as they do not hurt. Primary syphilitic chancres are usually firm, round, small, and painless.

According to the US CDC, the sores will last 3-6 weeks regardless of treatment, but it’s very important to seek medical care nevertheless to prevent the infection from progressing to the next, more dangerous stage.&nbsp;

Syphilis develops in stages, and symptoms vary with each stage. But the stages may overlap, and symptoms don't always occur in the same order. You may be infected with syphilis without noticing any kind of symptoms for years.

How to treat&nbsp;

If detected early, syphilis can be treated with antibiotics. It can also lie dormant in the body without treatmentfor years or even decades before it affects the brain, nerves, eyes, and other organs. It can also cause deafness, blindness, and death.

Other issues may occur like headache, stroke, meningitis, hearing loss, visual problems, including blindness, dementia, loss of pain and temperature sensations, sexual dysfunction in men, bladder incontinence, cardiovascular problems. There could be bulging and swelling of the aorta — your body's major artery — and of other blood vessels. It may also damage heart valves.

 
How to avoid syphilis

Contrary to popular perception and according to the US CDC, syphilis cannot be spread through toilet seats, door knobs, or even from sharing utensils. The only way to avoid syphilis is by avoiding contact with the sores. One should use condoms if one is sexually active. However, it is important to note that contact with the sores in areas not covered by a condom can also spread the disease. 
 
If a child experiences any unusual discharge, sore or rash — particularly if it is in the groin area, then one has to be cautious and take the child for a checkup.

Can it reoccur?

Once cured, syphilis doesn't return on its own. However, you can become reinfected if you have contact with someone's syphilis sore. The biggest risks are having unprotected sex or with multiple partners, or if one is infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Treatment can help prevent future damage but can't repair damage already done.

History of the dreaded disease 
 
History goes back to the Columbian Hypothesis, which states that Columbus’ seamen, who arrived in the Americas in 1492, brought the disease back to Europe following exploration of the Americas. This timing correlates with the first reported outbreaks among the French troops in Europe during the War of Naples in 1495. But there is also evidence that says syphilis was already present in the New World at the time of Columbus’ arrival. There is also new information&nbsp; observed through carbon dating and examination of bone pathology that talks about syphilis occurring and spreading worldwide. There are many theories that are afloat about its origin.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

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Reports in CNN are all rife about a syphilis outbreak as informed by the Houston Health Department, this Thursday, with an increase of 128% among women in the city, and a ninefold increase in congenital cases in Houston and the surrounding Harris County area since 2019.

Reports in CNN are all rife about a syphilis outbreak as informed by the Houston Health Department, this Thursday, with an increase of 128% among women in the city, and a ninefold increase in congenital cases in Houston and the surrounding Harris County area since 2019. While we can see that it is making inroads into the US, this is actually something that needs to be noted and prevented, all over the world. The department said that new infections rose by 57% from 2019 to 2022. There were 2,905 new infections in 2022, compared to 1,845 new infections in 2019. There were 674 cases among women in 2022, a steep increase from 295 cases in 2019, according to the release. And there were 151 cases of congenital syphilis in 2021, the latest year for which statistics are available, compared to just 16 cases in 2016. It is all the more worrying when it comes to congenital syphilis which happens when a mother passes the bacterial infection to the baby in the womb. Untreated congenital syphilis can lead to stillbirth or damage to the baby’s organs or bones. Considered the highest risk category, pregnant women should be tested frequently. What is syphilis Known as a bacterial infection that is commonly spread through sexual contact, it usually starts with a painless sore on the genitals or mouth – direct contact with the sores spreads the infection. As detailed by the Mayo Clinic, after the initial infection, the syphilis bacteria can remain inactive in the body for decades before becoming active again. Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores. Early syphilis can be cured, sometimes with a single shot (injection) of penicillin. The cause of syphilis is a bacterium called Treponema pallidum. The most common way syphilis is spread is through contact with an infected person's sore during sexual activity. The bacteria enter the body through minor cuts or abrasions in the skin or mucous membranes. Syphilis is contagious during its primary and secondary stages, and sometimes in the early latent period. Less commonly, syphilis may spread through direct contact with an active lesion, such as during kissing. It can also be passed from mothers to their babies during pregnancy or childbirth. The symptoms In the early stages, because it may not have obvious symptoms, pregnant people and their healthcare providers might not notice it or screen for it at all. It starts as painless sores or chancre that spreads the disease that can go undetected as they do not hurt. Primary syphilitic chancres are usually firm, round, small, and painless. According to the US CDC, the sores will last 3-6 weeks regardless of treatment, but it’s very important to seek medical care nevertheless to prevent the infection from progressing to the next, more dangerous stage. Syphilis develops in stages, and symptoms vary with each stage. But the stages may overlap, and symptoms don't always occur in the same order. You may be infected with syphilis without noticing any kind of symptoms for years. How to treat If detected early, syphilis can be treated with antibiotics. It can also lie dormant in the body without treatmentfor years or even decades before it affects the brain, nerves, eyes, and other organs. It can also cause deafness, blindness, and death. Other issues may occur like headache, stroke, meningitis, hearing loss, visual problems, including blindness, dementia, loss of pain and temperature sensations, sexual dysfunction in men, bladder incontinence, cardiovascular problems. There could be bulging and swelling of the aorta — your body's major artery — and of other blood vessels. It may also damage heart valves. How to avoid syphilis Contrary to popular perception and according to the US CDC, syphilis cannot be spread through toilet seats, door knobs, or even from sharing utensils. The only way to avoid syphilis is by avoiding contact with the sores. One should use condoms if one is sexually active. However, it is important to note that contact with the sores in areas not covered by a condom can also spread the disease. If a child experiences any unusual discharge, sore or rash — particularly if it is in the groin area, then one has to be cautious and take the child for a checkup. Can it reoccur? Once cured, syphilis doesn't return on its own. However, you can become reinfected if you have contact with someone's syphilis sore. The biggest risks are having unprotected sex or with multiple partners, or if one is infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Treatment can help prevent future damage but can't repair damage already done. History of the dreaded disease History goes back to the Columbian Hypothesis, which states that Columbus’ seamen, who arrived in the Americas in 1492, brought the disease back to Europe following exploration of the Americas. This timing correlates with the first reported outbreaks among the French troops in Europe during the War of Naples in 1495. But there is also evidence that says syphilis was already present in the New World at the time of Columbus’ arrival. There is also new information observed through carbon dating and examination of bone pathology that talks about syphilis occurring and spreading worldwide. There are many theories that are afloat about its origin. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Explainer: Rising cases of syphilis in the US: What is this stigmatised disease all about?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) panel unanimously endorsed Lecanemab (Leqembi) to combat the progression of Alzheimer's. It is a breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) panel unanimously endorsed Lecanemab (Leqembi) to combat the progression of Alzheimer's. It is a breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment. Experts called the clinical trial results of Lecanemab robust, clear, and consistent. It offers hope for 6.5 million individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease. However, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have added a condition to Lecanemab's coverage, Hindustan Times reported. CMS will cover the drug for patients who join a national registry. Patients, doctors, and caretakers are concerned about the registration process and timeline. CMS's Coverage Criteria Alzheimer's Association has expressed their disagreement with the criteria implemented by CMS. According to them, it is unnecessary and could hinder patients' medical coverage. They believe that individuals with Alzheimer's disease should have unrestricted access to FDA-approved therapies, similar to patients with cancer, heart disease, and HIV/AIDS. The Alzheimer's Association believes these life-changing treatments must be available to all. The coverage delays and restrictions also have financial implications. Despite the CMS's reservations, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) will provide lecanemab for patients within the VA system. More about lecanemab In clinical trials, lecanemab showed a 27 per cent slower decline in cognitive abilities among individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's dementia. The drug also demonstrated the potential to increase the capability of patients to perform tasks like dressing and feeding themselves. Side effects of lecanemab The side effects of lecanemab include infusion site reactions and amyloid-related imagining abnormalities (ARIA), characterised by swelling in the brain. According to lecanemab's current label, doctors must monitor patients using MRI imagery to detect signs of ARIA. Unfortunately, Alzheimer's disease has no cure till now. Its advanced stages can lead to severe brain function loss, dehydration, malnutrition, and fatal infections. Lecanemab is not a cure for Alzheimer's disease. But it is an FDA-approved treatment that changes the course of the disease for people in the early stages. According to reports, manufacturers of lecanemab set the price at $26,500 a year. ALSO READ | NASA detects brightest gamma-ray burst of all time, it's 70 times brighter than previous record holder Lecanemab is appropriate for people with early Alzheimer's with diagnosed elevated beta-amyloid. According to the Alzheimer's Association, researchers tested the drug on people living with early Alzheimer's dementia and MCI due to Alzheimer's. These patients have a buildup of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. However, people with more advanced stages of Alzheimer's or those without clinical symptoms did not participate in the clinical trials. Thus, there's no evidence of whether lecanemab would work on patients with a more complicated case of Alzheimer's. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

FDA-approved drug Lecanemab becomes hope for millions of Alzheimer's patients

A survey conducted by the YouGov poll with nearly 2,086 UK adults for the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) found that people are too tired to make healthy lifestyle choices. It found that nearly 40 per cent of all reported cancer cases can be avoided if people choose to live with a healthy lifestyle.&nbsp;

Additionally, about 35 per cent&nbsp;of the people are just tired to make the necessary healthy changes to their diet and lifestyle which would boost their physical activity levels and help them bridge the gap between intentions and concrete actions.&nbsp;

<h2>'Feeling too tired' to be healthy</h2>

Around 29% of men and 40% of women cited ‘feeling too tired’ as the main reason behind not being able to achieve their goals of fitness.&nbsp;Other reasons quoted by the individuals include the cost of food (30%), lack of time (26%), work/life balance (25%), cost of exercising (25%), lack of confidence (16%) and “not knowing where to start” (12%).

Only one in four (24%) surveyed stated that nothing stopped them from making healthy changes to their lifestyle.

<h2>40 per cent of cancer cases can be avoided</h2>

Nearly 40% of all cancer cases can be avoided if people chose to live a healthy lifestyle, World Cancer Research Fund and Cancer Research UK stated.

By eating healthy food, being active, not smoking and maintaining a normal weight, people can lead a healthy lifestyle.&nbsp;On the other hand, diseases like dementia, strokes and diabetes are also on a steady rise due to unhealthy lifestyles in today’s age, making it imperative that individuals opt for healthier ways of living. &nbsp;

<h2>Modern lifestyle to be blamed?</h2>

Modern day lifestyle has its own share in increasing unhealthy lifestyle pattern. From consumption of junk food to comfort and luxury products, each one of them has contributed in its own way in an increase in the unhealthy lifestyle pattern.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-using-sugar-substitutes-for-weight-loss-who-has-a-warning-for-you-592925">Using sugar substitutes for weight loss? WHO has a warning for you</a>

The present day modern lifestyle has first created a crisis and then come out with diet pills and fancy exercise equipment in an attempt to solve the problem.&nbsp;

<h2>Eight-week healthy living plan</h2>

Matt Lambert of the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) was quoted as saying by The Guardian: "People have busy schedules and we know that, for many, the last thing they might want to do when they are tired or lacking in motivation is to start cooking from scratch or going to the gym."

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;Board exam results are out leading a mental health crisis among students

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Meanwhile, in an attempt to change the current statistics related to people not opting for healthy lifestyle, the WCRF is launching an eight week healthy living plan, aiming to&nbsp;encourage individuals to opt for a healthier lifestyle by making the necessary changes in their present one.&nbsp;

In the UK, Department of Health and Social Care also launched its ‘better health – every mind matters’ campaign last week. The campaign is aimed to encourage people to use free apps, such as Couch to 5k and Active 10, to boost their activity levels. 
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A survey conducted by the YouGov poll with nearly 2,086 UK adults for the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) found that people are too tired to make healthy lifestyle choices.

A survey conducted by the YouGov poll with nearly 2,086 UK adults for the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) found that people are too tired to make healthy lifestyle choices. It found that nearly 40 per cent of all reported cancer cases can be avoided if people choose to live with a healthy lifestyle. Additionally, about 35 per cent of the people are just tired to make the necessary healthy changes to their diet and lifestyle which would boost their physical activity levels and help them bridge the gap between intentions and concrete actions. 'Feeling too tired' to be healthy Around 29% of men and 40% of women cited ‘feeling too tired’ as the main reason behind not being able to achieve their goals of fitness. Other reasons quoted by the individuals include the cost of food (30%), lack of time (26%), work/life balance (25%), cost of exercising (25%), lack of confidence (16%) and “not knowing where to start” (12%). Only one in four (24%) surveyed stated that nothing stopped them from making healthy changes to their lifestyle. 40 per cent of cancer cases can be avoided Nearly 40% of all cancer cases can be avoided if people chose to live a healthy lifestyle, World Cancer Research Fund and Cancer Research UK stated. By eating healthy food, being active, not smoking and maintaining a normal weight, people can lead a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, diseases like dementia, strokes and diabetes are also on a steady rise due to unhealthy lifestyles in today’s age, making it imperative that individuals opt for healthier ways of living. Modern lifestyle to be blamed? Modern day lifestyle has its own share in increasing unhealthy lifestyle pattern. From consumption of junk food to comfort and luxury products, each one of them has contributed in its own way in an increase in the unhealthy lifestyle pattern. ALSO READ | Using sugar substitutes for weight loss? WHO has a warning for you The present day modern lifestyle has first created a crisis and then come out with diet pills and fancy exercise equipment in an attempt to solve the problem. Eight-week healthy living plan Matt Lambert of the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) was quoted as saying by The Guardian: "People have busy schedules and we know that, for many, the last thing they might want to do when they are tired or lacking in motivation is to start cooking from scratch or going to the gym." ALSO WATCH | Board exam results are out leading a mental health crisis among students × Meanwhile, in an attempt to change the current statistics related to people not opting for healthy lifestyle, the WCRF is launching an eight week healthy living plan, aiming to encourage individuals to opt for a healthier lifestyle by making the necessary changes in their present one. In the UK, Department of Health and Social Care also launched its ‘better health – every mind matters’ campaign last week. The campaign is aimed to encourage people to use free apps, such as Couch to 5k and Active 10, to boost their activity levels. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Most people are 'feeling too tired' to be healthy, says YouGov Poll

Providing&nbsp;simple&nbsp;and cheap healthcare&nbsp;measures&nbsp;to pregnant women -- such as offering aspirin -- could prevent more than a million babies from being stillborn or dying as newborns in developing countries every year, new research said on Tuesday.

An international team of researchers also estimated that one-quarter of the world's babies are born either premature or underweight, adding that almost no progress is being made in this area.

The team called for governments and organisations to ramp up the care women and babies receive during pregnancy and birth in 81 low- and middle-income countries.

Eight proven and easily implementable&nbsp;measures&nbsp;could prevent more than 565,000 stillbirths in these countries, according to a series of papers published in the Lancet journal.

The&nbsp;measures&nbsp;included providing micronutrient, protein and energy supplements, low-dose aspirin, the hormone progesterone, education on the harms of smoking, and treatments for malaria, syphilis and bacteria in urine.

If steroids were made available to pregnant women and doctors did not immediately clamp the umbilical cord, the deaths of more than 475,000 newborn babies could also be prevented, the research found.

Implementing these changes would cost an estimated $1.1 billion,&nbsp;the researchers said.

This is "a fraction of what other health programmes receive", said Per Ashorn, a lead study author and professor at Finland's Tampere University.

Another study author, Joy Lawn of the London School for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, told AFP that the researchers used a new definition for babies born premature or underweight.

She said the traditional way to determine a baby had a low birthweight -- if it was born weighing under 2.5 kilogrammes (5.8 pounds) -- was "a bit randomly selected" by a Finnish doctor in 1919.

<h2>Raised hopes for surviving childbirth</h2>

This "very blunt measure" has remained the benchmark for more than a century, despite plentiful evidence that "those babies are not all the same", Lawn said.

The researchers analysed a database that included 160 million live births from 2000 to 2020 to work out how often babies are born "too soon and too small", she said.

"Quite shockingly, we found that this is much more common once you start to think about it in a more nuanced way."

The researchers estimated that 35.3 million -- or one in four -- of the babies born worldwide in 2020 were either premature or too small, classifying them under the new term "small vulnerable newborns".

While most of the babies were born in southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, Lawn emphasised that every country was affected.

Another study published on Tuesday estimated that a different&nbsp;simple&nbsp;and cheap treatment plan could reduce the rate of severe bleeding in women after giving birth by 60 percent.

Postpartum bleeding is the leading cause of women dying during pregnancy worldwide, affecting 14 million people a year, mostly in developing countries.

The treatment plan combines a drape, which is put under the woman to measure how much blood is being lost, with uterine massage, an intravenous drip and some drugs to stop the bleeding.&nbsp;

Study co-author Arri Coomarasamy of Birmingham University in the UK said the new approach could "radically improve women's chances of surviving childbirth globally".

Pascale Allotey of the World Health Organization, which co-led the research, said: "No woman should fear for her life when giving birth."

The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, involved more than 210,000 women in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania.

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Providing simple and cheap healthcare measures to pregnant women -- such as offering aspirin -- could prevent more than a million babies from being stillborn or dying as newborns in developing countries every year, new research said on Tuesday.

Providing simple and cheap healthcare measures to pregnant women -- such as offering aspirin -- could prevent more than a million babies from being stillborn or dying as newborns in developing countries every year, new research said on Tuesday. An international team of researchers also estimated that one-quarter of the world's babies are born either premature or underweight, adding that almost no progress is being made in this area. The team called for governments and organisations to ramp up the care women and babies receive during pregnancy and birth in 81 low- and middle-income countries. Eight proven and easily implementable measures could prevent more than 565,000 stillbirths in these countries, according to a series of papers published in the Lancet journal. The measures included providing micronutrient, protein and energy supplements, low-dose aspirin, the hormone progesterone, education on the harms of smoking, and treatments for malaria, syphilis and bacteria in urine. If steroids were made available to pregnant women and doctors did not immediately clamp the umbilical cord, the deaths of more than 475,000 newborn babies could also be prevented, the research found. Implementing these changes would cost an estimated $1.1 billion, the researchers said. This is "a fraction of what other health programmes receive", said Per Ashorn, a lead study author and professor at Finland's Tampere University. Another study author, Joy Lawn of the London School for Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, told AFP that the researchers used a new definition for babies born premature or underweight. She said the traditional way to determine a baby had a low birthweight -- if it was born weighing under 2.5 kilogrammes (5.8 pounds) -- was "a bit randomly selected" by a Finnish doctor in 1919. Raised hopes for surviving childbirth This "very blunt measure" has remained the benchmark for more than a century, despite plentiful evidence that "those babies are not all the same", Lawn said. The researchers analysed a database that included 160 million live births from 2000 to 2020 to work out how often babies are born "too soon and too small", she said. "Quite shockingly, we found that this is much more common once you start to think about it in a more nuanced way." The researchers estimated that 35.3 million -- or one in four -- of the babies born worldwide in 2020 were either premature or too small, classifying them under the new term "small vulnerable newborns". While most of the babies were born in southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, Lawn emphasised that every country was affected. Another study published on Tuesday estimated that a different simple and cheap treatment plan could reduce the rate of severe bleeding in women after giving birth by 60 percent. Postpartum bleeding is the leading cause of women dying during pregnancy worldwide, affecting 14 million people a year, mostly in developing countries. The treatment plan combines a drape, which is put under the woman to measure how much blood is being lost, with uterine massage, an intravenous drip and some drugs to stop the bleeding. Study co-author Arri Coomarasamy of Birmingham University in the UK said the new approach could "radically improve women's chances of surviving childbirth globally". Pascale Allotey of the World Health Organization, which co-led the research, said: "No woman should fear for her life when giving birth." The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, involved more than 210,000 women in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tanzania. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Simple measures can prevent a million baby deaths a year: Study

For many of us, stress is a constant in our lives. Feeling stressed is burdensome -- no one wants to feel stressed, and yet somehow it has a way of finding us time and again. It doesn't let you think straight, make the right decisions or focus on your work. Running away from it or fighting it isn't easy. But when you feel a surge of emotions taking over, causing panic and anxiety, there are things you can do to calm yourself. Since April is Stress Awareness Month, Spiritual and Psychic Mentor, Dr Madhu Kotiya, talks about a few such ways to cope with stress.

Box breathing: While you might have heard and tried deep breathing, there is a method to it which needs to be applied for the best results. There are a number of deep breathing methods, but one of the most popular ones is the box breathing technique. It is so impactful that the US Navy SEALS practice it to stay calm in extremely tense situations.&nbsp;

How to do box breathing?

Imagine a box and inhale counting to four, tracing an imaginary line on one side of the box. Then hold for four and trace the next side of the box. Now exhale for four, repeating the mental tracing and then wait for four before starting it all over again. The method slows down your breathing, distracts your mind, and calms the nervous system, ultimately helping you deal with stress.

Progressive muscle relaxation: This is something you can do in the moment when you feel stressed, or practice it as a regular thing before going to bed at night. This deep relaxation technique controls stress and relieves anxiety and also helps with sleep issues. Doctors use it to treat headaches, high blood pressure and even cancer pain.&nbsp;

How to do progressive muscle relaxation?

The practice requires you to tense up one muscle group at a time and then release it, letting out the pain and anxiety with it. Start with your toes and work your way up to your head. Take a deep breath in&nbsp;and contract one muscle group, such as your feet muscles. Hold for at least 10 seconds and with an exhale release it in a swift motion. Also imagine that as you release the muscles, you are also releasing stressful feelings out of your body. Wait for a few seconds and then move on to the next muscle group.

Visualisation: Imagine your happy place, a place which instantly calms you down and makes you feel happy. For example, sitting on a beach and watching the waves come and go is instant relaxation for many. For others, it might be watching the rain. It could be anything, it just needs to make you feel happy and calm. Now close your eyes and imagine yourself in that environment. Engage all your senses to make the scene more vivid and immersive. This technique is so relaxing that you might just doze off.&nbsp;

Engage in physical activity: Any activity that gets your heart pumping can reduce stress. Take some time to indulge in an aerobic activity or practice yoga. Getting physically engaged helps your brain release endorphins, the brain's feel-good neurotransmitters. It is also known as a runner's high and you can get that rush from an engaging physical activity, such as playing a sport, like tennis or volleyball. Even a short burst of physical activity, like jumping jacks or jogging in place, can help you get over stress.&nbsp;

Practice mindfulness: Mindfulness is the practice of focusing on the here and now. Focus on the physical sensations around you, such as the feeling of your feet on the ground or the texture of an object you are holding. Notice what you are seeing and feeling in the moment. This connects you to the present and reduces anxiety.

Mindful eating: Talking about mindfulness, how about you savour some delicious food which can also help you deal with stress? Pick up something you enjoy, although nothing too greasy or fatty, and really notice its texture,&nbsp;taste and how you feel while eating it.&nbsp;

Connect with family and friends: Talking about your feelings is an ideal way to lighten your burden and feel relaxed. A lot of times we reach out to a friend to talk about something that is bothering us, and this miraculously makes us feel better. So if you are feeling stressed, connect with someone you trust and simply let it all out.

Aromatherapy: Calming essential oils like lavender or chamomile are known to relax and soothe our nerves. Light up a diffuser with a few drops of essential oil to create a soothing atmosphere. You can also apply a few drops of the essential oil mixed with a carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, to your temples for instant relaxation.

Gratitude: Scientists have established the several benefits&nbsp;practising gratitude has not just on our physical health, but also on our mental well-being. List everything you are thankful for in your life. Go over the list and analyse the role each of those things plays in your life. When you focus on the positive aspects of your life, you gain perspective on what is important and what's not, thus reducing stress.

Laughter: A big laugh&nbsp;can practically cure everything.&nbsp;It leaves you feeling energetic and happy. Laughter is known to lower blood pressure, keep your heart healthy and relieve anxiety. When you laugh, your body gets filled up with oxygen-rich air and increases the production of happy hormones, or endorphins. So laugh your stress away and zen out!

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For many of us, stress is a constant in our lives. Feeling stressed is burdensome -- no one wants to feel stressed, and yet somehow it has a way of finding us time and again.

For many of us, stress is a constant in our lives. Feeling stressed is burdensome -- no one wants to feel stressed, and yet somehow it has a way of finding us time and again. It doesn't let you think straight, make the right decisions or focus on your work. Running away from it or fighting it isn't easy. But when you feel a surge of emotions taking over, causing panic and anxiety, there are things you can do to calm yourself. Since April is Stress Awareness Month, Spiritual and Psychic Mentor, Dr Madhu Kotiya, talks about a few such ways to cope with stress. Box breathing: While you might have heard and tried deep breathing, there is a method to it which needs to be applied for the best results. There are a number of deep breathing methods, but one of the most popular ones is the box breathing technique. It is so impactful that the US Navy SEALS practice it to stay calm in extremely tense situations. How to do box breathing? Imagine a box and inhale counting to four, tracing an imaginary line on one side of the box. Then hold for four and trace the next side of the box. Now exhale for four, repeating the mental tracing and then wait for four before starting it all over again. The method slows down your breathing, distracts your mind, and calms the nervous system, ultimately helping you deal with stress. Progressive muscle relaxation: This is something you can do in the moment when you feel stressed, or practice it as a regular thing before going to bed at night. This deep relaxation technique controls stress and relieves anxiety and also helps with sleep issues. Doctors use it to treat headaches, high blood pressure and even cancer pain. How to do progressive muscle relaxation? The practice requires you to tense up one muscle group at a time and then release it, letting out the pain and anxiety with it. Start with your toes and work your way up to your head. Take a deep breath in and contract one muscle group, such as your feet muscles. Hold for at least 10 seconds and with an exhale release it in a swift motion. Also imagine that as you release the muscles, you are also releasing stressful feelings out of your body. Wait for a few seconds and then move on to the next muscle group. Visualisation: Imagine your happy place, a place which instantly calms you down and makes you feel happy. For example, sitting on a beach and watching the waves come and go is instant relaxation for many. For others, it might be watching the rain. It could be anything, it just needs to make you feel happy and calm. Now close your eyes and imagine yourself in that environment. Engage all your senses to make the scene more vivid and immersive. This technique is so relaxing that you might just doze off. Engage in physical activity: Any activity that gets your heart pumping can reduce stress. Take some time to indulge in an aerobic activity or practice yoga. Getting physically engaged helps your brain release endorphins, the brain's feel-good neurotransmitters. It is also known as a runner's high and you can get that rush from an engaging physical activity, such as playing a sport, like tennis or volleyball. Even a short burst of physical activity, like jumping jacks or jogging in place, can help you get over stress. Practice mindfulness: Mindfulness is the practice of focusing on the here and now. Focus on the physical sensations around you, such as the feeling of your feet on the ground or the texture of an object you are holding. Notice what you are seeing and feeling in the moment. This connects you to the present and reduces anxiety. Mindful eating: Talking about mindfulness, how about you savour some delicious food which can also help you deal with stress? Pick up something you enjoy, although nothing too greasy or fatty, and really notice its texture, taste and how you feel while eating it. Connect with family and friends: Talking about your feelings is an ideal way to lighten your burden and feel relaxed. A lot of times we reach out to a friend to talk about something that is bothering us, and this miraculously makes us feel better. So if you are feeling stressed, connect with someone you trust and simply let it all out. Aromatherapy: Calming essential oils like lavender or chamomile are known to relax and soothe our nerves. Light up a diffuser with a few drops of essential oil to create a soothing atmosphere. You can also apply a few drops of the essential oil mixed with a carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, to your temples for instant relaxation. Gratitude: Scientists have established the several benefits practising gratitude has not just on our physical health, but also on our mental well-being. List everything you are thankful for in your life. Go over the list and analyse the role each of those things plays in your life. When you focus on the positive aspects of your life, you gain perspective on what is important and what's not, thus reducing stress. Laughter: A big laugh can practically cure everything. It leaves you feeling energetic and happy. Laughter is known to lower blood pressure, keep your heart healthy and relieve anxiety. When you laugh, your body gets filled up with oxygen-rich air and increases the production of happy hormones, or endorphins. So laugh your stress away and zen out! WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Stress Awareness Month 2023: 10 effective ways to deal with stress

News reports said Wednesday that semen-filled balloons were being thrown at Lady Shri Ram students. LSR is a south Delhi women&#39;s&#39; college.&nbsp;

The matter apparently came to light after a student posted a story on Instagram. The student was taking a rickshaw when a balloon was thrown at her. It was only later that she realised that the balloon had had semen inside it.&nbsp;

Her Instagram post soon went viral.&nbsp;

The LSR Students&#39; Union meanwhile has asked police for increased protection.&nbsp;

The news reports quoted Delhi Police as saying they were trying to get a statement from the student. And that they had increased motorcycle patrolling in the area.&nbsp;

The reports quoted students from LSR as saying similar attacks had taken place in the past as well.&nbsp;

News reports said Wednesday that semen-filled balloons were being thrown at Lady Shri Ram students. LSR is a south Delhi women's' college. The matter apparently came to light after a student posted a story on Instagram.

News reports said Wednesday that semen-filled balloons were being thrown at Lady Shri Ram students. LSR is a south Delhi women's' college. The matter apparently came to light after a student posted a story on Instagram. The student was taking a rickshaw when a balloon was thrown at her. It was only later that she realised that the balloon had had semen inside it. Her Instagram post soon went viral. The LSR Students' Union meanwhile has asked police for increased protection. The news reports quoted Delhi Police as saying they were trying to get a statement from the student. And that they had increased motorcycle patrolling in the area. The reports quoted students from LSR as saying similar attacks had taken place in the past as well.

Stress Awareness Month 2023: Understanding what causes stress

The first sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may appear in the eyes, according to a recent study. Researchers have been exploring how the eye may help in diagnosing Alzheimer’s before symptoms begin.

The first sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may appear in the eyes, according to a recent study. Researchers have been exploring how the eye may help in diagnosing Alzheimer’s before symptoms begin. According to a report by CNN health on Friday (March 24), Dr Christine Greer, director of medical education at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida, said, "The eye is the window to the brain." “You can see directly into the nervous system by looking into the back of the eye, toward the optic nerve and retina,” Dr Greer added. Dr Richard Isaacson, an Alzheimer’s preventive neurologist working at the same institute, said that the disease begins in the brain decades before the first symptoms of memory loss. Dr Isaacson said if doctors are able to identify Alzheimer's in its earliest stages, people can then make healthy lifestyle choices and control their modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, as per the report. The study, published in Acta Neuropathologica in February, said that Alzheimer’s disease pathologies were discovered in the accessible neurosensory retina. "However, their exact nature and topographical distribution, particularly in the early stages of functional impairment, and how they relate to disease progression in the brain remain largely unknown," it said. To better understand the pathological features of the disease in the retina, researchers conducted an extensive histopathological and biochemical investigation of postmortem retina and brain tissues from 86 human donors. The study said that a quantitative examination of superior and inferior temporal retinas from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's patients compared to those with normal cognition (NC) revealed significant increases in amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) forms and novel intraneuronal Aβ oligomers (AβOi), which were closely associated with exacerbated retinal macrogliosis, microgliosis, and tissue atrophy. "These pathologies were unevenly distributed across retinal layers and geometrical areas, with the inner layers and peripheral sub-regions exhibiting most pronounced accumulations in the MCI and AD versus NC retinas. While microgliosis was increased in the retina of these patients, the proportion of microglial cells engaging in Aβ uptake was reduced," it added. The study also pointed out that female patients exhibited higher levels of retinal microgliosis than males. Proteomic analysis of Alzheimer's retinas revealed activation of specific inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial, and photoreceptor-related pathways. In a statement, author Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui, a professor of neurosurgery and biomedical sciences at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, said that the study is the first to provide an in-depth analyses of the protein profiles and the molecular, cellular, and structural effects of the disease in the human retina and how they correspond with changes in the brain and cognitive function. “These changes in the retina correlated with changes in parts of the brain called the entorhinal and temporal cortices, a hub for memory, navigation and the perception of time,” Koronyo-Hamaoui added. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

First signs of Alzheimer's may appear in the eyes, study shows

More than 150 million women worldwide use oral contraceptives to avoid unwanted pregnancies. However, a bombshell study released by researchers at the University of Oxford has now laid bare the risks involved. The study has reportedly established the link between the usage of progestogen and the increased risk of breast cancer.&nbsp;

WATCH&nbsp;|&nbsp;Gravitas: Male contraceptive pill gets closer to reality

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Most contraceptive pills contain oestrogen and progestogen, which are now blamed for increasing the risk of breast cancer by 20-30 per cent among users. The risk was particularly higher among older women than those in their teens and 20s.

The study is published in PLOS Medicine based on data from 9,498 women who developed breast cancer in the age group between 20s and 40s. After five years of usage of oral contraceptives, almost 8 in every 100,000 women were found to have developed breast cancer in the age group 16 to 20. On the other hand, 265 in every 100,000 women from the age group 35 to 39 were found to have developed breast cancer.

However, researchers are of the view that the drawbacks of using oral contraceptives must be rationally weighed against the proven benefits. Claire Knight of Cancer Research UK made it clear that the findings of the new study must not discourage women from using oral contraceptives as they were one of the most effective ways to avoid pregnancy.

Claire said, “There are lots of possible benefits to using contraception, as well as other risks not related to cancer. That’s why deciding to take them is a personal choice and should be done after speaking to your doctor so you can make a decision that is right for you.”

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/researchers-develop-male-pill-an-oral-contraceptive-that-successfully-stops-sperm-in-its-track-562051">Researchers develop 'male pill', an oral contraceptive that successfully stops sperm in its track</a>

A combined pill contains two hormones: oestrogen and progestogen. The hormones are highly effective at stopping ovaries from releasing eggs. On the other hand, the progestogen-only pill thickens the cervical mucus, which prevents the sperm from entering the womb. Both types of pills are 99.7 per cent effective against pregnancy.

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More than 150 million women worldwide use oral contraceptives to avoid unwanted pregnancies. However, a bombshell study released by researchers at the University of Oxford has now laid bare the risks involved.

More than 150 million women worldwide use oral contraceptives to avoid unwanted pregnancies. However, a bombshell study released by researchers at the University of Oxford has now laid bare the risks involved. The study has reportedly established the link between the usage of progestogen and the increased risk of breast cancer. WATCH | Gravitas: Male contraceptive pill gets closer to reality × Most contraceptive pills contain oestrogen and progestogen, which are now blamed for increasing the risk of breast cancer by 20-30 per cent among users. The risk was particularly higher among older women than those in their teens and 20s. The study is published in PLOS Medicine based on data from 9,498 women who developed breast cancer in the age group between 20s and 40s. After five years of usage of oral contraceptives, almost 8 in every 100,000 women were found to have developed breast cancer in the age group 16 to 20. On the other hand, 265 in every 100,000 women from the age group 35 to 39 were found to have developed breast cancer. However, researchers are of the view that the drawbacks of using oral contraceptives must be rationally weighed against the proven benefits. Claire Knight of Cancer Research UK made it clear that the findings of the new study must not discourage women from using oral contraceptives as they were one of the most effective ways to avoid pregnancy. Claire said, “There are lots of possible benefits to using contraception, as well as other risks not related to cancer. That’s why deciding to take them is a personal choice and should be done after speaking to your doctor so you can make a decision that is right for you.” Also Read | Researchers develop 'male pill', an oral contraceptive that successfully stops sperm in its track A combined pill contains two hormones: oestrogen and progestogen. The hormones are highly effective at stopping ovaries from releasing eggs. On the other hand, the progestogen-only pill thickens the cervical mucus, which prevents the sperm from entering the womb. Both types of pills are 99.7 per cent effective against pregnancy. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Using oral contraceptives leads to higher risk of breast cancer among older women, reveals study

The United Nations stated&nbsp;on February 23 that despite maternal death rates declining by a third in 20 years, a woman still dies every two minutes due to complications during pregnancy or childbirth.

The <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/02/1133802">UN</a>&nbsp;reported that rates reduced substantially between 2000 and 2015, but mostly stalled and even reversed in certain countries between 2016 and 2020.

Belarus saw the biggest fall, dropping 95.5 per cent, while Venezuela experienced the highest rise. The United States saw a significant increase between 2000 and 2015.&nbsp;

The worldwide maternal mortality rate decreased by 34.3 per cent during a 20-year period, going from 339 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2000 to 223 maternal deaths in 2020, according to a report by the World Health Organization and other UN&nbsp;organisations.&nbsp;

Yet, that implies that in 2020, almost&nbsp;800 women died every day, or one every two minutes.

"While pregnancy should be a time of immense hope and a positive experience for all women, it is tragically still a shockingly dangerous experience for millions around the world," said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

"These new statistics reveal the urgent need to ensure every woman and girl has access to critical health services... and that they can fully exercise their reproductive rights," she added.

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The poorest nations continue to have the highest rates of maternal mortality.

Around 70 per cent&nbsp;of those deaths recorded in 2020 were in sub-Saharan Africa, where the rate is "136 times bigger" than in Australia and New Zealand, the report's author Jenny Cresswell told AFP.&nbsp;

Rates were more than double the world average in Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen, all of which are dealing with serious humanitarian crises.

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The most common causes of mortality are severe bleeding, infections, complications from botched abortions, and underlying diseases including HIV/AIDS, according to the report.&nbsp;

The WHO said it was&nbsp;"critical" that women have control over their reproductive health, notably about whether or not to have children. This gives women the ability to plan and space out childbearing in order to safeguard their health.

<h2>Where does India stand?</h2>

India's maternal mortality ratio (MMR), which measures the number of deaths per 100,000 live births, decreased from 103 deaths per lakh in 2017–2019 to 97 deaths per lakh in 2018–2020. The most recent statistics made available by the <a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1879912">Ministry of health and family welfare</a>&nbsp;show that this represents a significant improvement above the 130 deaths per lakh in the years 2014 to 2016.

Assam continues to have the highest MMR (195) in the area, but its own performance has improved with time.

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The MMR in the northeastern state was alarmingly high with 237 fatalities per one lakh live births between 2014 and 2016. According to statistics provided on November 28, 2022, this has improved over time, reaching 229 in 2015–2017, 215 in 2016–2018, and 205 in 2017–2019.

Kerala continues to do well in this respect, with a low MMR of 19 per one lakh live births.

The southern state continuously outperformed the nation as a whole and has nearly always decreased even that number, from 46 in 2014–2016, 42 in 2015–2017, 43 in 2016–2018, and 30 in 2017–2019.

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The United Nations stated on February 23 that despite maternal death rates declining by a third in 20 years, a woman still dies every two minutes due to complications during pregnancy or childbirth.

The United Nations stated on February 23 that despite maternal death rates declining by a third in 20 years, a woman still dies every two minutes due to complications during pregnancy or childbirth. The UN reported that rates reduced substantially between 2000 and 2015, but mostly stalled and even reversed in certain countries between 2016 and 2020. Belarus saw the biggest fall, dropping 95.5 per cent, while Venezuela experienced the highest rise. The United States saw a significant increase between 2000 and 2015. The worldwide maternal mortality rate decreased by 34.3 per cent during a 20-year period, going from 339 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2000 to 223 maternal deaths in 2020, according to a report by the World Health Organization and other UN organisations. Yet, that implies that in 2020, almost 800 women died every day, or one every two minutes. "While pregnancy should be a time of immense hope and a positive experience for all women, it is tragically still a shockingly dangerous experience for millions around the world," said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. "These new statistics reveal the urgent need to ensure every woman and girl has access to critical health services... and that they can fully exercise their reproductive rights," she added. × The poorest nations continue to have the highest rates of maternal mortality. Around 70 per cent of those deaths recorded in 2020 were in sub-Saharan Africa, where the rate is "136 times bigger" than in Australia and New Zealand, the report's author Jenny Cresswell told AFP. Rates were more than double the world average in Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen, all of which are dealing with serious humanitarian crises. The most common causes of mortality are severe bleeding, infections, complications from botched abortions, and underlying diseases including HIV/AIDS, according to the report. The WHO said it was "critical" that women have control over their reproductive health, notably about whether or not to have children. This gives women the ability to plan and space out childbearing in order to safeguard their health. Where does India stand? India's maternal mortality ratio (MMR), which measures the number of deaths per 100,000 live births, decreased from 103 deaths per lakh in 2017–2019 to 97 deaths per lakh in 2018–2020. The most recent statistics made available by the Ministry of health and family welfare show that this represents a significant improvement above the 130 deaths per lakh in the years 2014 to 2016. Assam continues to have the highest MMR (195) in the area, but its own performance has improved with time. × The MMR in the northeastern state was alarmingly high with 237 fatalities per one lakh live births between 2014 and 2016. According to statistics provided on November 28, 2022, this has improved over time, reaching 229 in 2015–2017, 215 in 2016–2018, and 205 in 2017–2019. Kerala continues to do well in this respect, with a low MMR of 19 per one lakh live births. The southern state continuously outperformed the nation as a whole and has nearly always decreased even that number, from 46 in 2014–2016, 42 in 2015–2017, 43 in 2016–2018, and 30 in 2017–2019. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Data Lab | A wake-up call: One woman dies every 2 minutes in pregnancy, childbirth: UN

A new study has claimed that&nbsp;the face masks worn by people&nbsp;round-the-clock to curb the spread of the Covid-19 virus did ‘little to nothing’ to stop the transmission. A new scientific review titled “Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses" claims&nbsp;that the face masks failed to play a significant role in controlling the spread of the virus.&nbsp; 
 
The review, which was published by Cochrane Library, included the observation of 12 researchers from around the world. The study claimed that&nbsp;research was conducted on the results of 78 randomised controlled trials to understand whether the physical interventions, which included hand washing and wearing face masks, restricted the spread of coronavirus.

ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science-technology/australian-scientists-finally-solve-the-covid-19-puzzle-discover-lung-protein-that-can-kill-the-virus-560549">Australian scientists FINALLY solve the COVID-19 puzzle; discover lung protein that can kill the virus</a>

“Wearing a mask may make little to no difference in how many people caught a flu-like illness/COVID-like illness (nine studies; 276,917 people); and probably makes little or no difference in how many people have flu/COVID confirmed by a laboratory test (six studies; 13,919 people)," claimed the authors as quoted by Fox News.

In the review, it was claimed that&nbsp;N95 masks, when compared to medical/surgical masks,&nbsp;did not make much difference in how many people caught the flu and did not help in reducing the number of people who caught flu-like illness or any other respiratory illness.

The authors said that they had collected the data for study during the non-epidemic flu seasons, the H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009, the Covid-19 pandemic and epidemic flu seasons up to 2016, Fox News reported.

WATCH | India launches its first nasal vaccine 'iNCOVACC' against COVID-19

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had initially claimed that it is not necessary to wear face masks, however, later they appealed to people to wear masks in 2020. CDC Director Dr Robert Redfield, again in September, called the face masks the most powerful health tool after which they became mandatory across the world.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

You can&nbsp;now write for wionews.com&nbsp;and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.

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A new study has claimed that the face masks worn by people round-the-clock to curb the spread of the Covid-19 virus did ‘little to nothing’ to stop the transmission.

A new study has claimed that the face masks worn by people round-the-clock to curb the spread of the Covid-19 virus did ‘little to nothing’ to stop the transmission. A new scientific review titled “Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses" claims that the face masks failed to play a significant role in controlling the spread of the virus. The review, which was published by Cochrane Library, included the observation of 12 researchers from around the world. The study claimed that research was conducted on the results of 78 randomised controlled trials to understand whether the physical interventions, which included hand washing and wearing face masks, restricted the spread of coronavirus. ALSO READ | Australian scientists FINALLY solve the COVID-19 puzzle; discover lung protein that can kill the virus “Wearing a mask may make little to no difference in how many people caught a flu-like illness/COVID-like illness (nine studies; 276,917 people); and probably makes little or no difference in how many people have flu/COVID confirmed by a laboratory test (six studies; 13,919 people)," claimed the authors as quoted by Fox News. In the review, it was claimed that N95 masks, when compared to medical/surgical masks, did not make much difference in how many people caught the flu and did not help in reducing the number of people who caught flu-like illness or any other respiratory illness. The authors said that they had collected the data for study during the non-epidemic flu seasons, the H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009, the Covid-19 pandemic and epidemic flu seasons up to 2016, Fox News reported. WATCH | India launches its first nasal vaccine 'iNCOVACC' against COVID-19 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had initially claimed that it is not necessary to wear face masks, however, later they appealed to people to wear masks in 2020. CDC Director Dr Robert Redfield, again in September, called the face masks the most powerful health tool after which they became mandatory across the world. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Most of us wore masks for three years. Now study claims it did 'little to nothing' to curb Covid-19

The sale of a toxic chemical DNP or 2.4 Dinitrophenol, often classified as a 'slimming pill', is under tight scrutiny by the UK Home Office department. The 'fat burner' medicine has been added to a list of poisons by the government after it was linked to the death of at least 33 people, reported the Independent.&nbsp;

While families of people who have lost their lives by consuming the medicine are protesting, the DNP medicine is set to be regulated under the Poisons Act 1972. This infers that anyone without a licence from a registered pharmacist will not be able to get their hands on DNP.&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/thousands-of-offshore-firms-owning-uk-property-yet-to-declare-real-owners-report-557408">Thousands of offshore firms owning UK property yet to declare real owners: Report</a>

Though the medicine is already banned for human consumption, many online platforms are being exploited to sell the medicine&nbsp;under the pretext of it being an aid for reducing weight. The renewed crack down on the medicine is appreciated by the father of Bethany Shipsey, then 21-year-old who died in 2017 after consuming pills consisting DNP in them.&nbsp;

Shipsey's parents will meet UK Security Minister Tom Tugendhat to find out ways to expedite the complete ban on the controversial medicine.&nbsp;There have been many excruciating stories like that of Shipsey. One such story is of a student Eloise Parry who suffered a tragic death after swallowing eight diet tablets with DNP in them.&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/barclays-ubs-under-radar-for-alleged-ties-with-russian-oligarchs-offshore-trusts-557401">Barclays, UBS under radar for alleged ties with Russian oligarch’s offshore trusts &nbsp;</a>

In a 2020 trial in the case of her death, Prosecutor Richard Barraclough said, “If you take it, you might live, or you might die."&nbsp; President of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Claire Anderson, said, “Including DNP in the Poisons Act is a positive move as it will restrict its availability, but what’s really needed is an outright ban to reduce the risk to the public."&nbsp;

“We are concerned that DNP is still in circulation and want to see a firm commitment to prosecuting those who make profits from it. We also call on social media companies to remove content promoting or selling DNP to further reduce harm.”

WATCH | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-zelensky-calls-for-russia-to-be-banned-from-paris-olympics-557417">Zelensky calls for Russia to be banned from Paris Olympics</a>

Meanwhile, UK security minister Tom Tugendhat said, “Around the UK, businesses and individuals use various chemicals for a wide range of legitimate uses. However, we must also minimise the risk posed by the illicit use of bomb-making materials and poisons."

“It is our responsibility to ensure our robust controls of these substances are updated and [there are] controls in place against those who wish to abuse them. These steps will do just that.”

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The sale of a toxic chemical DNP or 2.4 Dinitrophenol, often classified as a 'slimming pill', is under tight scrutiny by the UK Home Office department. The 'fat burner' medicine has been added to a list of poisons by the government after it was linked to the death of at least 33 people, reported the Independent.

The sale of a toxic chemical DNP or 2.4 Dinitrophenol, often classified as a 'slimming pill', is under tight scrutiny by the UK Home Office department. The 'fat burner' medicine has been added to a list of poisons by the government after it was linked to the death of at least 33 people, reported the Independent. While families of people who have lost their lives by consuming the medicine are protesting, the DNP medicine is set to be regulated under the Poisons Act 1972. This infers that anyone without a licence from a registered pharmacist will not be able to get their hands on DNP. Also Read | Thousands of offshore firms owning UK property yet to declare real owners: Report Though the medicine is already banned for human consumption, many online platforms are being exploited to sell the medicine under the pretext of it being an aid for reducing weight. The renewed crack down on the medicine is appreciated by the father of Bethany Shipsey, then 21-year-old who died in 2017 after consuming pills consisting DNP in them. Shipsey's parents will meet UK Security Minister Tom Tugendhat to find out ways to expedite the complete ban on the controversial medicine. There have been many excruciating stories like that of Shipsey. One such story is of a student Eloise Parry who suffered a tragic death after swallowing eight diet tablets with DNP in them. Also Read | Barclays, UBS under radar for alleged ties with Russian oligarch’s offshore trusts In a 2020 trial in the case of her death, Prosecutor Richard Barraclough said, “If you take it, you might live, or you might die." President of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Claire Anderson, said, “Including DNP in the Poisons Act is a positive move as it will restrict its availability, but what’s really needed is an outright ban to reduce the risk to the public." “We are concerned that DNP is still in circulation and want to see a firm commitment to prosecuting those who make profits from it. We also call on social media companies to remove content promoting or selling DNP to further reduce harm.” WATCH | Zelensky calls for Russia to be banned from Paris Olympics Meanwhile, UK security minister Tom Tugendhat said, “Around the UK, businesses and individuals use various chemicals for a wide range of legitimate uses. However, we must also minimise the risk posed by the illicit use of bomb-making materials and poisons." “It is our responsibility to ensure our robust controls of these substances are updated and [there are] controls in place against those who wish to abuse them. These steps will do just that.” WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

UK to crack down on sale of DNP; a 'slimming pill' which claimed at least 33 lives

The World Health Organisation has stated that no amount of alcohol is safe for consumption. The WHO statement in The Lancet Public Health journal further added that alcohol causes seven types of cancer.&nbsp;Thus, the carcinogenic effects of alcohol can start at any threshold. No matter what portion of alcohol a person consumes, they are at risk of cancer.&nbsp;

The is no safe level of alcohol because no scientific evidence provides a mark when there is no risk of illness or injury. In 2020, alcohol caused 740,000 cases of cancer&nbsp;in the world, according to the Guardian.

Also Read|&nbsp;<a href="www.wionews.com/science/these-space-candle-stars-help-study-milky-ways-empty-reaches-551868">These 'space candle' stars help study Milky Way's empty reaches</a>

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, alcohol with asbestos, radiation, and tobacco are high-risk Group 1 carcinogens that contribute the most to cancer globally.

Alcohol causes seven kinds of cancer. Out of these, the most prominent ones are bowel cancer and female breast cancer. Moreover, alcohol directly connects to the oesophagus, liver, and colorectal cancers.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;No amount of alcohol is safe to drink

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Any beverage that contains alcohol, despite the price, amount or quality, has a risk of causing cancer. Compounds break down in the body through multiple biological mechanisms during which alcohol can produce cancerous cells.

According to WHO, no studies prove the potential benefits of alcohol on cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. However, research says that people who drink 'booze' are more prone to cardiovascular diseases. Among alcohol consumers, the underprivileged strata of the global population are under more threat due to the quality of alcohol available.&nbsp;

In Europe, where cancer is the leading cause of death, light to medium intake of alcohol has led to 23,000 new cases in 2017. Among them, approximately 50 per cent were cases of female breast cancer. Nevertheless, Europe has the highest alcohol consumption level. Over 200 million people are at risk of having cancer caused by alcohol.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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The World Health Organisation has stated that no amount of alcohol is safe for consumption. The WHO statement in The Lancet Public Health journal further added that alcohol causes seven types of cancer.

The World Health Organisation has stated that no amount of alcohol is safe for consumption. The WHO statement in The Lancet Public Health journal further added that alcohol causes seven types of cancer. Thus, the carcinogenic effects of alcohol can start at any threshold. No matter what portion of alcohol a person consumes, they are at risk of cancer. The is no safe level of alcohol because no scientific evidence provides a mark when there is no risk of illness or injury. In 2020, alcohol caused 740,000 cases of cancer in the world, according to the Guardian. Also Read| These 'space candle' stars help study Milky Way's empty reaches According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, alcohol with asbestos, radiation, and tobacco are high-risk Group 1 carcinogens that contribute the most to cancer globally. Alcohol causes seven kinds of cancer. Out of these, the most prominent ones are bowel cancer and female breast cancer. Moreover, alcohol directly connects to the oesophagus, liver, and colorectal cancers. Watch | No amount of alcohol is safe to drink Any beverage that contains alcohol, despite the price, amount or quality, has a risk of causing cancer. Compounds break down in the body through multiple biological mechanisms during which alcohol can produce cancerous cells. According to WHO, no studies prove the potential benefits of alcohol on cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. However, research says that people who drink 'booze' are more prone to cardiovascular diseases. Among alcohol consumers, the underprivileged strata of the global population are under more threat due to the quality of alcohol available. In Europe, where cancer is the leading cause of death, light to medium intake of alcohol has led to 23,000 new cases in 2017. Among them, approximately 50 per cent were cases of female breast cancer. Nevertheless, Europe has the highest alcohol consumption level. Over 200 million people are at risk of having cancer caused by alcohol. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

No amount of alcohol intake ‘safe’, even low consumption has risk of cancer, warns WHO

A man from England's Greater Manchester who was given a year to live after being diagnosed with an invasive form of cancer is now disease-free. The development occurs after a personalised drug regime that the 51-year-old patient was put on in the United Kingdom.&nbsp;

Robert Glynn, 51, is a welder by profession and was diagnosed with intrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2020 right before he was about to turn 49.&nbsp;

Bile ducts are small tubes that connect the liver, gall bladder and small intestine. They release bile into the human alimentary canal, helping to digest fat. When Glynn was diagnosed with cancer after experiencing severe pain in his shoulder, the cancer spread to his liver and adrenal gland. Glynn's Cancer classed as stage 4, left him with the least prospect to survive for more than a year.&nbsp;

WATCH&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/wion-fineprint-how-music-can-help-cancer-patients-547161">WION Fineprint: How music can help cancer patients</a>

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"I asked my consultant to be honest and tell me how long I’d got if I carried on as I was, and she said 12 months," he was quoted as saying by The Guardian.

According to Liver Cancer UK, only one in 50 people live for at least five years after being diagnosed with bile duct cancer.&nbsp;

Immunotherapy helped Glenn defeat Cancer

Glynn was reportedly deemed a good candidate to participate in a clinical trial of an immunotherapy drug that is already approved for use in lung, kidney and oesophageal cancer.

Immunotherapy acts&nbsp;by helping the human immune system recognise and attack cancer cells.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-a-first-scientists-use-artificial-dna-to-kill-cancer-cells-heres-what-you-need-to-know-547276">Explained: In a first, scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know</a> 
 
The treatment, which is given by a drip and helps a person’s own immune system fight cancer, was combined with standard chemotherapy.

The tumour in his liver shrank from 12cm to 2.6cm, while his adrenal gland tumour shrank from 7cm to 4.1cm. Following this,&nbsp;Glynn was able to undergo surgery in April to remove his tumours.

Surgeons reportedly found only dead tissue, which meant the treatment had killed off all the cancer cells. "They didn’t find any active cancer cells at all. They tested the tumours twice because they couldn’t quite believe it,"&nbsp;said Glynn.

Since his operation in April this year, Glynn has not needed any more treatment and his three-monthly scans show he is clear of cancer.

Other studies are now being carried out with more patients in the UK, with the hope of changing the course of treatment of biliary tract cancer and improving the related survival rate.&nbsp;

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A man from England's Greater Manchester who was given a year to live after being diagnosed with an invasive form of cancer is now disease-free. The development occurs after a personalised drug regime that the 51-year-old patient was put on in the United Kingdom.

A man from England's Greater Manchester who was given a year to live after being diagnosed with an invasive form of cancer is now disease-free. The development occurs after a personalised drug regime that the 51-year-old patient was put on in the United Kingdom. Robert Glynn, 51, is a welder by profession and was diagnosed with intrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2020 right before he was about to turn 49. Bile ducts are small tubes that connect the liver, gall bladder and small intestine. They release bile into the human alimentary canal, helping to digest fat. When Glynn was diagnosed with cancer after experiencing severe pain in his shoulder, the cancer spread to his liver and adrenal gland. Glynn's Cancer classed as stage 4, left him with the least prospect to survive for more than a year. WATCH | WION Fineprint: How music can help cancer patients × "I asked my consultant to be honest and tell me how long I’d got if I carried on as I was, and she said 12 months," he was quoted as saying by The Guardian. According to Liver Cancer UK, only one in 50 people live for at least five years after being diagnosed with bile duct cancer. Immunotherapy helped Glenn defeat Cancer Glynn was reportedly deemed a good candidate to participate in a clinical trial of an immunotherapy drug that is already approved for use in lung, kidney and oesophageal cancer. Immunotherapy acts by helping the human immune system recognise and attack cancer cells. ALSO READ | Explained: In a first, scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know The treatment, which is given by a drip and helps a person’s own immune system fight cancer, was combined with standard chemotherapy. The tumour in his liver shrank from 12cm to 2.6cm, while his adrenal gland tumour shrank from 7cm to 4.1cm. Following this, Glynn was able to undergo surgery in April to remove his tumours. Surgeons reportedly found only dead tissue, which meant the treatment had killed off all the cancer cells. "They didn’t find any active cancer cells at all. They tested the tumours twice because they couldn’t quite believe it," said Glynn. Since his operation in April this year, Glynn has not needed any more treatment and his three-monthly scans show he is clear of cancer. Other studies are now being carried out with more patients in the UK, with the hope of changing the course of treatment of biliary tract cancer and improving the related survival rate. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

UK man, given a year to live, defeats stage-4 Cancer

People who have suffered Covid-19 in the past may find it difficult to recover due to ensuing infection-induced threats related to diabetes and heart diseases. Studies have revealed that Covid-19 leads to cardiovascular problems as well as an increased risk of diabetes. Some are even wondering that a global cardiovascular aftershock might come hot on the heels of the Covid-19 pandemic. And when the world seems to be facing the prospects of another global Covid-19 wave following the massive corona outbreak in China, it becomes important to recall such threats and take necessary precautions.

<h2>Does Covid-19 lead to cardiovascular problems?</h2>

Different studies present conflicting narratives. Researchers used data provided by the US Department of Veterans Affairs to check whether such claims hold water or not. They discovered that people who suffered from Covid-19 faced significantly increased risks for 20 cardiovascular conditions, including potentially fatal problems like heart attacks and strokes. According to the researchers, these complications can occur even in people who appear to have fully recovered from mild infection.

The results were derived from the compiled data of over 150,000 veterans. It was concluded that the risk of fatal cardiovascular conditions, including blood clotting and swelling of the heart, shot up at least 20-fold compared to those who didn’t contract the virus.

Also Read |<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-a-first-doctor-may-have-saved-a-babys-life-by-repairing-heart-using-umbilical-stem-cells-544689">&nbsp;In a first, doctor may have saved a baby’s life by repairing heart using umbilical stem cells</a>

<h2>Does Covid-19 increase the risk of diabetes?</h2>

A study published in The Lancet Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology early March this year revealed that individuals might face an increased risk of diabetes even months after suffering from the plague. According to the most recent study, people who had Covid-19 were about 40% more likely to develop diabetes up to a year later It was also revealed that the risk increased in particular for type 2 diabetes, which occurs when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin.

Watch: China dismantles Zero-Covid policy

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Given that the Covid-19 pandemic might come back to haunt the masses globally, it might trigger a wave of heart diseases and diabetes as well. The threat is real, and it makes it even more important to take precautionary measures, follow Covid-19 protocols issued by local health authorities and get vaccinated as soon as possible.

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&nbsp;

People who have suffered Covid-19 in the past may find it difficult to recover due to ensuing infection-induced threats related to diabetes and heart diseases. Studies have revealed that Covid-19 leads to cardiovascular problems as well as an increased risk of diabetes.

People who have suffered Covid-19 in the past may find it difficult to recover due to ensuing infection-induced threats related to diabetes and heart diseases. Studies have revealed that Covid-19 leads to cardiovascular problems as well as an increased risk of diabetes. Some are even wondering that a global cardiovascular aftershock might come hot on the heels of the Covid-19 pandemic. And when the world seems to be facing the prospects of another global Covid-19 wave following the massive corona outbreak in China, it becomes important to recall such threats and take necessary precautions. Does Covid-19 lead to cardiovascular problems? Different studies present conflicting narratives. Researchers used data provided by the US Department of Veterans Affairs to check whether such claims hold water or not. They discovered that people who suffered from Covid-19 faced significantly increased risks for 20 cardiovascular conditions, including potentially fatal problems like heart attacks and strokes. According to the researchers, these complications can occur even in people who appear to have fully recovered from mild infection. The results were derived from the compiled data of over 150,000 veterans. It was concluded that the risk of fatal cardiovascular conditions, including blood clotting and swelling of the heart, shot up at least 20-fold compared to those who didn’t contract the virus. Also Read | In a first, doctor may have saved a baby’s life by repairing heart using umbilical stem cells Does Covid-19 increase the risk of diabetes? A study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology early March this year revealed that individuals might face an increased risk of diabetes even months after suffering from the plague. According to the most recent study, people who had Covid-19 were about 40% more likely to develop diabetes up to a year later It was also revealed that the risk increased in particular for type 2 diabetes, which occurs when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin. Watch: China dismantles Zero-Covid policy × Given that the Covid-19 pandemic might come back to haunt the masses globally, it might trigger a wave of heart diseases and diabetes as well. The threat is real, and it makes it even more important to take precautionary measures, follow Covid-19 protocols issued by local health authorities and get vaccinated as soon as possible. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

A global cardiovascular aftershock on the way? Studies sound warning bells for diabetics and heart-patients 

The researchers have said that lots of people who lost their smell after they contracted coronavirus may be facing abnormal immune responses in which they suffer nasal cell destruction.&nbsp;

The nasal tissue of Covid patients was analysed by doctors who found inflammation-driving immune cells present inside the delicate nasal lining of those people who were facing the loss of smell which was probably removing vital sensory nerve cells.&nbsp;

North Carolina Duke University neurobiology department's associate professor Dr Bradley Goldstein said that tissues present inside the nose lining “contained unique immune cells producing inflammatory signals, combined with fewer olfactory nerve cells”.&nbsp;

ALSO READ|<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/japan-approves-blood-test-that-might-detect-alzheimers-move-aims-to-reduce-financial-and-emotion-pain-545564"> Japan approves one of the world's first blood test kit that might detect Alzheimer's</a>

The research found unusual immune responses present in patients who are suffering from the loss of sense of smell for months. “It appears that there is an unresolved local immune response, which the delicate olfactory cells are seeing,” he said.&nbsp;

Since it was brought to the notice of doctors that many Covid patients are suffering the loss of smell, it has remained unclear if the sensory cells present in the nose and around the brain have individually or together suffered damage by the virus.&nbsp;

Biopsied tissue present in 24 Covid patients' nasal linings was studied by the researchers, which included nine patients who had no sense of smell for at least four months.&nbsp;

In the tissue, it was found that the nasal lining was infiltrated by T-cells involved in inflammation where smell nerve cells are present.

WATCH| China witnesses a sharp surge in Covid Cases again

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This unusual immune response was present in patients who had no detectable coronavirus, which further indicated that the response persisted after the clearance of infection.

When the number of sensory nerve cells which are involved in smell was studied by the researchers, it was found that those suffering from loss of smell for a long time had fewer cells because the nasal lining's delicate issue was damaged by the T-cell-driven inflammation.

Goldstein added that other symptoms of Covid might be explained by similar immune responses.

“Currently, we have no specific, effective treatments. To develop therapies, we need to understand the pathobiology of the problem: what is damaged and where,” he added.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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The researchers have said that lots of people who lost their smell after they contracted coronavirus may be facing abnormal immune responses in which they suffer nasal cell destruction.

The researchers have said that lots of people who lost their smell after they contracted coronavirus may be facing abnormal immune responses in which they suffer nasal cell destruction. The nasal tissue of Covid patients was analysed by doctors who found inflammation-driving immune cells present inside the delicate nasal lining of those people who were facing the loss of smell which was probably removing vital sensory nerve cells. North Carolina Duke University neurobiology department's associate professor Dr Bradley Goldstein said that tissues present inside the nose lining “contained unique immune cells producing inflammatory signals, combined with fewer olfactory nerve cells”. ALSO READ| Japan approves one of the world's first blood test kit that might detect Alzheimer's The research found unusual immune responses present in patients who are suffering from the loss of sense of smell for months. “It appears that there is an unresolved local immune response, which the delicate olfactory cells are seeing,” he said. Since it was brought to the notice of doctors that many Covid patients are suffering the loss of smell, it has remained unclear if the sensory cells present in the nose and around the brain have individually or together suffered damage by the virus. Biopsied tissue present in 24 Covid patients' nasal linings was studied by the researchers, which included nine patients who had no sense of smell for at least four months. In the tissue, it was found that the nasal lining was infiltrated by T-cells involved in inflammation where smell nerve cells are present. WATCH| China witnesses a sharp surge in Covid Cases again This unusual immune response was present in patients who had no detectable coronavirus, which further indicated that the response persisted after the clearance of infection. When the number of sensory nerve cells which are involved in smell was studied by the researchers, it was found that those suffering from loss of smell for a long time had fewer cells because the nasal lining's delicate issue was damaged by the T-cell-driven inflammation. Goldstein added that other symptoms of Covid might be explained by similar immune responses. “Currently, we have no specific, effective treatments. To develop therapies, we need to understand the pathobiology of the problem: what is damaged and where,” he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Nasal cell destruction causing loss of smell in Covid cases: Researchers

A UK couple, who was fighting cancer and going through chemotherapy in the pregnancy days, gave birth to a ‘miracle baby’. The doctors had diagnosed James Jefferson-Loveday with Hodgkin’s lymphoma in December 2021, months before his wife Bethany was found suffering from cancer, when she was 21 weeks pregnant.

It was the husband’s cancer diagnosis which made the couple try for a baby. After receiving the treatment, the couple gave birth to a healthy baby Heidi, who is being called a “miracle baby”.

Dr Salim Shafeek, from whom the couple received treatment, said, “The combination of being pregnant and having high-grade Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is exceptionally rare, and Bethany is the first case of this I've treated in my 25 years as a Consultant Haematologist."

ALSO READ|&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/revolutionary-gene-therapy-treats-patients-incurable-cancer-gives-hope-to-others-542264">UK couple after battling cancer in the pregnancy days gives birth to a ‘miracle baby’&nbsp;</a>

In her first trimester, Bethany was unwell, while her husband was receiving chemotherapy for his lymphoma. After she sought medical help, she received devastating news. "I will never forget the moment I was given my diagnosis. I remember questioning how this was possible as my husband was undergoing treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma at the time,” said Bethany.

The hospital trust said that she discussed all treatment options with Worcestershire Royal Hospital’s consultant obstetrician before going through six cycles of chemotherapy. Dr Shafeek stated that they were not able to delay the process of chemotherapy or use stronger treatment which had to end in 35 weeks so that she is given enough time to recover from childbirth.

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A ‘miracle’ baby has been born healthy at Worcestershire Royal Hospital despite BOTH mother and father undergoing chemotherapy during the pregnancy. 
 
All three are now well and looking forward to their first family Christmas at home together. 
 
A THREAD 🧵 [1/6]... <a href="https://t.co/Rk6KH3Unqv">pic.twitter.com/Rk6KH3Unqv</a>
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"After every chemotherapy I felt a sense of celebration that I had another one under my belt and was closer to having my baby," Bethany said. She added that her husband "completely understood what I was going through" as he underwent his treatment and also had his head shaved when his wife lost her hair.

WATCH| Gravitas: Medical miracle: Clinical trial manages to free 14 patients of cancer

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The hospital trust stated that she underwent a Caesarean section to deliver her baby daughter Heidi, who was miraculously healthy and free from any adverse effects. "James and I both agree that Heidi's birthday was the best day of our lives. It is the happiest I have ever felt," said the new mother.

"Dr Shafeek described Heidi as a miracle and reflecting back on the past year, he is absolutely right,” she added. She stated that the hospital team is like her family. "All manner of scenarios had been mapped out to ensure a plan was in place to manage any risks should they arise. It's difficult to put into words how grateful we are as a family for everything they have done for us," she said.

(With inputs from agencies)

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A UK couple, who was fighting cancer and going through chemotherapy in the pregnancy days, gave birth to a ‘miracle baby’. The doctors had diagnosed James Jefferson-Loveday with Hodgkin’s lymphoma in December 2021, months before his wife Bethany was found suffering from cancer, when she was 21 weeks pregnant.

A UK couple, who was fighting cancer and going through chemotherapy in the pregnancy days, gave birth to a ‘miracle baby’. The doctors had diagnosed James Jefferson-Loveday with Hodgkin’s lymphoma in December 2021, months before his wife Bethany was found suffering from cancer, when she was 21 weeks pregnant. It was the husband’s cancer diagnosis which made the couple try for a baby. After receiving the treatment, the couple gave birth to a healthy baby Heidi, who is being called a “miracle baby”. Dr Salim Shafeek, from whom the couple received treatment, said, “The combination of being pregnant and having high-grade Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is exceptionally rare, and Bethany is the first case of this I've treated in my 25 years as a Consultant Haematologist." ALSO READ| UK couple after battling cancer in the pregnancy days gives birth to a ‘miracle baby’ In her first trimester, Bethany was unwell, while her husband was receiving chemotherapy for his lymphoma. After she sought medical help, she received devastating news. "I will never forget the moment I was given my diagnosis. I remember questioning how this was possible as my husband was undergoing treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma at the time,” said Bethany. The hospital trust said that she discussed all treatment options with Worcestershire Royal Hospital’s consultant obstetrician before going through six cycles of chemotherapy. Dr Shafeek stated that they were not able to delay the process of chemotherapy or use stronger treatment which had to end in 35 weeks so that she is given enough time to recover from childbirth. A ‘miracle’ baby has been born healthy at Worcestershire Royal Hospital despite BOTH mother and father undergoing chemotherapy during the pregnancy. All three are now well and looking forward to their first family Christmas at home together. A THREAD 🧵 [1/6]... pic.twitter.com/Rk6KH3Unqv — Worcestershire Acute NHS (@WorcsAcuteNHS) December 16, 2022 × "After every chemotherapy I felt a sense of celebration that I had another one under my belt and was closer to having my baby," Bethany said. She added that her husband "completely understood what I was going through" as he underwent his treatment and also had his head shaved when his wife lost her hair. WATCH| Gravitas: Medical miracle: Clinical trial manages to free 14 patients of cancer The hospital trust stated that she underwent a Caesarean section to deliver her baby daughter Heidi, who was miraculously healthy and free from any adverse effects. "James and I both agree that Heidi's birthday was the best day of our lives. It is the happiest I have ever felt," said the new mother. "Dr Shafeek described Heidi as a miracle and reflecting back on the past year, he is absolutely right,” she added. She stated that the hospital team is like her family. "All manner of scenarios had been mapped out to ensure a plan was in place to manage any risks should they arise. It's difficult to put into words how grateful we are as a family for everything they have done for us," she said. (With inputs from agencies)

UK couple, battling cancer in pregnancy, gives birth to perfectly healthy ‘miracle’ baby

Coronaphobia. Does it warrant attention or is it simply another fancy phrase that surfaced during the pandemic?&nbsp;To put an end to this debate, let's be clear: it is not fancy but is in fact extremely genuine. The coronaphobia extends beyond health concerns and includes the dread of losing a loved one or even the worry of losing a career and a life without work. Regardless of the type of COVID phobia, there are several approaches to deal with it and overcome it.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/royal-variety-performance-2022-highlights-star-studded-performances-tributes-more-545013">Royal Variety Performance 2022 highlights: Star-studded performances, tributes &amp; more</a>

People who experience it have terrifying tales to share about how they feel. COVID undoubtedly inspired the creation of other concepts and jargon, such as epidemic learning pods, which anxious parents began setting up for their kids. Following that are social distancing, quarantine, and COVID bubble. Numerous other words, including asymptomatic, self-isolation, personal protective equipment (PPE), N95 respirator, incubation time, community spread, and COVID clusters, are often used by medical professionals. We have to be on top of everything, especially coronaphobia which concerns one's health.&nbsp;

<h2>What is Coronaphobia?</h2>

The genesis of the term Coronophobia took place in December 2020 almost a year after the first COVID&nbsp;case was detected. The researchers who helped develop the word say that coronaphobia is a new form of anxiety that is unique to COVID-19. Anyone can have anxiety when they consider getting a COVID, which can occasionally result in fatalities, and the epidemic was just that. However, there are instances when this worry turns into a serious problem, necessitating the adoption of certain coping mechanisms.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/wion-welcomes-vikram-chandra-as-the-channel-takes-indias-voice-to-the-world-545046">WION welcomes Vikram Chandra as the channel takes India's voice to the world</a>

Researchers reviewed nearly 500 studies and defined coronophobia. As per the researchers, coronaphobia is as "an excessive triggered response of fear of contracting the virus causing COVID-19, leading to accompanied excessive concern over physiological symptoms, significant stress about personal and occupational loss, increased reassurance and safety seeking behaviours, and avoidance of public places and situations, causing marked impairment in daily life functioning."&nbsp;

<h2>What are the factors leading to coronaphobia?&nbsp;</h2>

Now the question that remains is what is it that triggers coronophobia. Researchers have come up with a list which includes various risk factors for coronaphobia. These include adopting new routines and avoidance behaviour, as well as the worry that can arise when you read about world leaders and celebrities who have gotten the virus. These uncertainties include if you'll catch COVID-19 or if your job is in peril. One of the other things that is seen to have caused coronophobia and its related anxiety is spending more time on social media platforms.&nbsp;

WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/eu-parliament-in-brussels-where-world-leaders-decide-the-fate-of-27-nations-545050">EU Parliament in Brussels: Where world leaders decide the fate of 27 nations</a>

<h2>Which gender, age group is at most risk?&nbsp;</h2>

In a conversation with Health media portal, Lily Brown, PhD, director of the Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety at the University of Pennsylvania, said that women have reported more anxiety than men during the pandemic. Brown said that women worry about family members catching the COVID virus or inadvertently spreading the virus themselves. Brown also found that younger people tend to experience increased anxiety in comparison to elder people. The reason behind this is anxieties pertaining to their future.&nbsp;

<h2>How to cope with coronaphobia? Opt for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)&nbsp;</h2>

Coronaphobia can be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). One might choose between individual and group cognitive behavioural treatment in this. This therapy is useful in easing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive disorders, anxiety, and other traumas. The goal of cognitive therapy is to alter a person's erroneous thought patterns by focusing on how ideas and beliefs affect mood and behaviour. The goal of behavioural therapy is to alter unhelpful behaviour patterns by putting an emphasis on actions.

<h2>Managing stress&nbsp;</h2>

Take pauses from reading the news, especially social media news. Eat a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables, lean protein, and other healthy foods to take care of your body. Stretch, breathe deeply, or practise meditation. Avoid using tobacco products, including smoking. Try engaging in some other enjoyable activities. Relate to others. Contact your faith- or community-based groups. <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/stress-coping/cope-with-stress/index.html">Here is the guidance by CDC on how to cope with stress.&nbsp;</a>

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Coronaphobia. Does it warrant attention or is it simply another fancy phrase that surfaced during the pandemic? To put an end to this debate, let's be clear: it is not fancy but is in fact extremely genuine.

Coronaphobia. Does it warrant attention or is it simply another fancy phrase that surfaced during the pandemic? To put an end to this debate, let's be clear: it is not fancy but is in fact extremely genuine. The coronaphobia extends beyond health concerns and includes the dread of losing a loved one or even the worry of losing a career and a life without work. Regardless of the type of COVID phobia, there are several approaches to deal with it and overcome it. ALSO READ | Royal Variety Performance 2022 highlights: Star-studded performances, tributes & more People who experience it have terrifying tales to share about how they feel. COVID undoubtedly inspired the creation of other concepts and jargon, such as epidemic learning pods, which anxious parents began setting up for their kids. Following that are social distancing, quarantine, and COVID bubble. Numerous other words, including asymptomatic, self-isolation, personal protective equipment (PPE), N95 respirator, incubation time, community spread, and COVID clusters, are often used by medical professionals. We have to be on top of everything, especially coronaphobia which concerns one's health. What is Coronaphobia? The genesis of the term Coronophobia took place in December 2020 almost a year after the first COVID case was detected. The researchers who helped develop the word say that coronaphobia is a new form of anxiety that is unique to COVID-19. Anyone can have anxiety when they consider getting a COVID, which can occasionally result in fatalities, and the epidemic was just that. However, there are instances when this worry turns into a serious problem, necessitating the adoption of certain coping mechanisms. ALSO READ | WION welcomes Vikram Chandra as the channel takes India's voice to the world Researchers reviewed nearly 500 studies and defined coronophobia. As per the researchers, coronaphobia is as "an excessive triggered response of fear of contracting the virus causing COVID-19, leading to accompanied excessive concern over physiological symptoms, significant stress about personal and occupational loss, increased reassurance and safety seeking behaviours, and avoidance of public places and situations, causing marked impairment in daily life functioning." What are the factors leading to coronaphobia? Now the question that remains is what is it that triggers coronophobia. Researchers have come up with a list which includes various risk factors for coronaphobia. These include adopting new routines and avoidance behaviour, as well as the worry that can arise when you read about world leaders and celebrities who have gotten the virus. These uncertainties include if you'll catch COVID-19 or if your job is in peril. One of the other things that is seen to have caused coronophobia and its related anxiety is spending more time on social media platforms. WATCH | EU Parliament in Brussels: Where world leaders decide the fate of 27 nations Which gender, age group is at most risk? In a conversation with Health media portal, Lily Brown, PhD, director of the Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety at the University of Pennsylvania, said that women have reported more anxiety than men during the pandemic. Brown said that women worry about family members catching the COVID virus or inadvertently spreading the virus themselves. Brown also found that younger people tend to experience increased anxiety in comparison to elder people. The reason behind this is anxieties pertaining to their future. How to cope with coronaphobia? Opt for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Coronaphobia can be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). One might choose between individual and group cognitive behavioural treatment in this. This therapy is useful in easing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive disorders, anxiety, and other traumas. The goal of cognitive therapy is to alter a person's erroneous thought patterns by focusing on how ideas and beliefs affect mood and behaviour. The goal of behavioural therapy is to alter unhelpful behaviour patterns by putting an emphasis on actions. Managing stress Take pauses from reading the news, especially social media news. Eat a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables, lean protein, and other healthy foods to take care of your body. Stretch, breathe deeply, or practise meditation. Avoid using tobacco products, including smoking. Try engaging in some other enjoyable activities. Relate to others. Contact your faith- or community-based groups. Here is the guidance by CDC on how to cope with stress. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

EXPLAINED: What is Coronaphobia & how to cope with it?

Winter season has arrived and with it, multiple health issues are also appearing. Cold, flu and other respiratory illnesses dominate in the cold season, and a majority of people also struggle with asthma flare-ups.

Winter season has arrived and with it, multiple health issues are also appearing. Cold, flu and other respiratory illnesses dominate in the cold season, and a majority of people also struggle with asthma flare-ups. WION spoke to experts to understand the main reason behind the rising cases of asthma during the winter season and also understand who is at higher risk. Dr Vikram Jaggi (MD, DNB), who is a founder and director of Asthma Chest Allergy Centre in Delhi and Gurgaon weighed in on the same. He said that ranging from mould, dampness and dust mites to exposure to chest infections as well as cold and flu viruses, winter comes with quite a few asthma triggers, with cold air itself being a common trigger. He said that in some cases, cold air leads to the production of histamine in the airways which can "instigate allergy-related irritations causing symptoms in asthmatics to worsen". Dr Jaggi also mentioned that the issue, in fact, can also lead to an attack and newer cases of weather-induced asthma. He stated that cold and flu viruses run rampant during winter, and most people may just seem like a passing malady — for asthmatics it could "result in that infection developing into pneumonia". Who is at higher risk? Dr Jaggi noted that children and the elderly are perhaps the most vulnerable during this time of year. Children are more susceptible to common colds and infections during this time of year, while any exacerbated symptoms in older asthmatics lead to an aggravated condition. Dr Jaggi urged the two mentioned groups to be careful during the winter season and if they are asthmatics, they should pay special attention. Dr (Brig) Ashok K Rajput (Retd), from the department of pulmonology at the CK Birla Hospital (R) in Delhi, also registered what Dr Jaggi said. Dr Rajput stated that kids and older people are more at risk, especially those having underlying obstructive airway disease of in fact any chronic respiratory illness. "Smog and fog add fuel to the fire," said Dr Rajput, further adding that airway mucus thickens, increasing the chance of getting respiratory infections like the common cold or flu. These infections lead to exacerbations and trigger asthma symptoms. Pointing out the air pollution, Dr Rajput said that smoking, pollution due to wood burning, campfires etc all make air quality poor and worsen asthma symptoms. Dr Puneet Khanna, the HOD pulmonology department at the HCMCT Manipal Hospital in Dwarka highlighted how air pollution is leading to respiratory issues. Dr Khanna said that an Air Quality Index (AQI) in the range of 50 to 100 leads to increased inflammatory response and difficulty in breathing for patients sensitive to respiratory diseases. An AQI of above 300 poses problems for healthy people as well. Air pollution has a massive impact on the health of people. it is a known fact that the combined effects of outdoor and household air pollution cause millions of premature deaths every year resulting from stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and acute respiratory infections. Dr Khanna stated that "from smoke inside the home to smog hanging over cities, air pollution is a major threat to health and climate". 'Avoid early morning outdoor walks' Dr Rajput suggested that early morning outdoor walks and exercises are not good for asthmatics and should be avoided. Dr Khanna also urged that early morning walks are not advisable as pollution levels are highest in the morning, and merely walking could result in health complications due to the high concentration of particulate matter. A word to parents Dr Jaggi said that parents should keep a close eye on their children to understand their triggers and communicate them to their doctor. "Since asthma tends to worsen with age, the elderly should be careful and adhere to inhalation therapy as prescribed by their doctor," Dr Jaggi said. He also said that taking the mentioned precautionary measure may help them reduce unexpected triggers and control their symptoms over time, both during and after winters. He also noted that both groups should have an action plan in place in consultation with their doctor, an inhaler as per their doctor’s recommendation. The current situation in New Delhi Dr Puneet Khanna explained the current situation of the Indian national capital, New Delhi, where the air was unbreathable in the past few weeks. Dr Khanna said that the national capital is witnessing a significant deterioration of air quality over the past few days which has coincided with the spike in asthma cases. Every year bad air quality in Delhi accounts for more than a 20 per cent rise in asthma cases across outpatient departments (OPDs) in the city. It is also responsible for asthma-related IPD admissions across the city. He said that environmental air pollution is one of the most important social determinants of health. The inner linings of the lungs are damaged by air pollution thereby increasing the severity of asthma infection. While commenting on the asthma risks, he said that "low temperatures and increased air pollution lead to the suspension of particulate matter for a longer duration which increases the transmission of respiratory viruses including corona, making people more vulnerable to infections". WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Asthma cases rise during winter season - Who is at higher risk and how pollution is making it worse?