Ottawa, Canada

Wildfires in Canada last year released more greenhouse gases than some of the largest pollution emitting countries, revealed a report on Wednesday (August 28). Shockingly, the wildfires released 647 megatonnes of carbon, which is seven to ten times that of the largest national emitters for the year 2022.

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This revelation has called into question the national emission budgets that rely on forests to be carbon stores. 

What research shows

The study published in the journal Nature revealed that at nearly 650 megatonnes of carbon,  these emissions were more than that of Japan, Germany, and Russia in 2022.

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Only India, China, and the United States emitted more carbon than that from the wildfires. This means that if Canada's wildfires were to be ranked as global carbon emitters, it would be the world's fourth-largest emitter.

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While typical emissions from Canadian wildfires over the last ten years have been in the range of 29 to 121 megatonnes, this massive jump in emissions is caused by climate change.

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Driven by fossil fuel burning, climate change has led to drier and hotter conditions and in turn extreme wildfires.

In 2023, wildfires laid claim to around four per cent of Canada's forests, burning 15 million hectares (37 million acres).

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Forests: Good or Bad?

This finding has become a cause of major concern. Forests are typically viewed as a long-term carbon sink that helps with industrial emissions. However, as it turns out, the emissions from forest wildfires might actually be aggravating the problem that is climate change.

"If our goal is really to limit the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, we need to make adaptations into how much carbon we are allowed to emit through our economy, corresponding to how much carbon is being absorbed or not absorbed by forests," stated Brendan Byrne, an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the author of this study.

(With inputs from agencies)