Bolivia announced a record cocaine seizure from the country's western Oruro department, officials said on Friday, giving the drugs a local street value of $224 million but nearly double that in Europe where the illicit cargo was likely headed.

Bolivia announces biggest-ever cocaine bust at nearly 9 tons

For women around the world, life is a seemingly never-ending rollercoaster of menstruation, which let us be honest isn't always a joyride. It comes with its hormonal ups and downs and period pain that can turn the journey into a bit of a turbulence.&nbsp;

Despite it being common knowledge that period pains can affect the daily lives of menstruating individuals, there is still a certain stigma when it comes to conversations on this 'taboo' topic.

On one hand, countries like Spain have approved menstrual leaves, on the other hand, nations and individuals continue to ignore what can be a debilitating issue for many women.

<h2>The ‘pain’ of period pain</h2>

What causes period pains? The answer is both tricky and straight. Every month, a woman's body sheds the uterine lining, a natural process characterised by cramps. Think rhythmic contractions, which help your body shed the waste material it doesn't need.&nbsp;

However, period pain, while a shared experience, varies from person to person.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;Gravitas | Paid Period Leave: Smriti Irani's comments spark debate

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-paid-period-leave-smriti-iranis-comments-spark-debate-669772/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>
</div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

Dr Smita B Kalappa, Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Apollo Clinic, J P Nagar, Bengaluru,&nbsp; says, "Period pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, can vary significantly among individuals. For some women, the pain might be mild and manageable, ranking at a 2 or 3 on that scale. Others might experience more severe pain, reaching up to a 7, 8, or even 9, where it significantly disrupts daily activities and requires medication or medical attention."

In an exclusive conversation with WION, Dr Kalappa explained, "Not all women experience the same level of pain or discomfort during their periods. The severity and type of menstrual pain can vary greatly among individuals."&nbsp;

"Some may have mild cramps or discomfort that doesn't interfere much with their daily activities, while others might experience intense pain that significantly affects their quality of life," she adds.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-is-popping-meftal-spas-for-menstrual-cramps-safe-medical-experts-answer-668854">Is popping Meftal spas for menstrual cramps safe? Medical experts answer</a>

Dr Sandhya Rani, Sr Consultant - Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Aster Women and Children, Bengaluru explains that for a lucky few — around 17 per cent, period pain is minimal. Around 50-90 per cent face moderate pain, and roughly 5-10 per cent face severe pain.

To help men understand the pain women go through, Dr Rani quotes John Guillebaud, a University College London reproductive health professor, who in a 2018 article said that patients described menstrual cramping pain as "almost as bad as having a heart attack."

<h2>How can women deal with dysmenorrhea, aka period pain?</h2>

Dr Gaana Sreenivas, Consultant - Obstetrician &amp; Gynaecologist, BirthRight by Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bannerghatta, Bengaluru suggests that first and foremost women must reduce stress, and improve their mental and physical health. Deep breaths, meditation, or yoga are good options to do this. Furthermore, exercise, drinking soothing teas like chamomile, fennel, and ginger tea can also help, she said.

However, she warns that caffeine can make cramps worse, and instead recommends decaf for coffee lovers.

Alternatively, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help alleviate menstrual cramps. These help by reducing inflammation and thereby easing the pain. However, these drugs must be taken under medical supervision.&nbsp;

Applying heat can also help&nbsp;calm period cramps, "a&nbsp;hot bag is a lifesaver," she says, adding "Good emotional, social, physical, and psychological support is a must to tide over the phase of period pains".

<h2>How much bleeding is normal?</h2>

Typically, a woman loses between 20 to 80 millimetres of blood, equivalent to one and a half shot glasses during a normal menstrual cycle.&nbsp;

However, as with pain, this can vary from person to person. Those, with heavy menstrual flow, can lose much more than 80 ml. This can be due to a variety of factors "ranging from non-cancerous uterine growths like fibroids or polyps to more serious conditions such as uterine or cervical cancer," states Dr Rani.

Also read |&nbsp;<a data-ctorig="https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/life-fun/health-and-wellness/foods-that-you-should-avoid-during-menstrual-pain-1702496955967" data-cturl="https://www.google.com/url?client=internal-element-cse&amp;cx=006054055338965708568:09spwrlibei&amp;q=https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/life-fun/health-and-wellness/foods-that-you-should-avoid-during-menstrual-pain-1702496955967&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjtwuqdqK-DAxWe8zgGHQlxCNEQFnoECAcQAg&amp;usg=AOvVaw3wrbXdnR2tS5MygDdSeoXB" dir="ltr" href="https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/life-fun/health-and-wellness/foods-that-you-should-avoid-during-menstrual-pain-1702496955967" target="_blank">Foods That You Should Avoid During&nbsp;Menstrual Pain</a>

Additionally, hormone-related health issues, like thyroid issues or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can also contribute to a heavy menstrual flow. It could also be a warning sign of conditions like "von Willebrand disease (VWD) or platelet function disorder, and non-bleeding-related disorders like liver, kidney, or thyroid disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, and cancer, can also impact menstrual bleeding," she explains.

<h2>When should one consult a doctor?</h2>

Open conversations about periods and period pain can empower women, remove the shame and stigma, and also help level the so-called professional playing field.&nbsp;

It is crucial for women to consult healthcare professionals for personalised advice, ensuring a more informed and empowered approach to managing period pain.&nbsp;

"If the pain is exceptionally severe and unmanageable with over-the-counter medications, or if it's interfering significantly with work, it might be necessary to seek medical advice promptly," advises Dr Kalappa.

"Empathy and support can go a long way in helping women to manage this sometimes debilitating condition and also to open up and seek proper guidance instead of suffering in silence and labouring under many myths and misconceptions," she adds.

For women around the world, life is a seemingly never-ending rollercoaster of menstruation, which let us be honest isn't always a joyride. It comes with its hormonal ups and downs and period pain that can turn the journey into a bit of a turbulence.

For women around the world, life is a seemingly never-ending rollercoaster of menstruation, which let us be honest isn't always a joyride. It comes with its hormonal ups and downs and period pain that can turn the journey into a bit of a turbulence. Despite it being common knowledge that period pains can affect the daily lives of menstruating individuals, there is still a certain stigma when it comes to conversations on this 'taboo' topic. On one hand, countries like Spain have approved menstrual leaves, on the other hand, nations and individuals continue to ignore what can be a debilitating issue for many women. The ‘pain’ of period pain What causes period pains? The answer is both tricky and straight. Every month, a woman's body sheds the uterine lining, a natural process characterised by cramps. Think rhythmic contractions, which help your body shed the waste material it doesn't need. However, period pain, while a shared experience, varies from person to person. Also read | Gravitas | Paid Period Leave: Smriti Irani's comments spark debate × Dr Smita B Kalappa, Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Apollo Clinic, J P Nagar, Bengaluru, says, "Period pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, can vary significantly among individuals. For some women, the pain might be mild and manageable, ranking at a 2 or 3 on that scale. Others might experience more severe pain, reaching up to a 7, 8, or even 9, where it significantly disrupts daily activities and requires medication or medical attention." In an exclusive conversation with WION, Dr Kalappa explained, "Not all women experience the same level of pain or discomfort during their periods. The severity and type of menstrual pain can vary greatly among individuals." "Some may have mild cramps or discomfort that doesn't interfere much with their daily activities, while others might experience intense pain that significantly affects their quality of life," she adds. Also read | Is popping Meftal spas for menstrual cramps safe? Medical experts answer Dr Sandhya Rani, Sr Consultant - Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Aster Women and Children, Bengaluru explains that for a lucky few — around 17 per cent, period pain is minimal. Around 50-90 per cent face moderate pain, and roughly 5-10 per cent face severe pain. To help men understand the pain women go through, Dr Rani quotes John Guillebaud, a University College London reproductive health professor, who in a 2018 article said that patients described menstrual cramping pain as "almost as bad as having a heart attack." How can women deal with dysmenorrhea, aka period pain? Dr Gaana Sreenivas, Consultant - Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, BirthRight by Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bannerghatta, Bengaluru suggests that first and foremost women must reduce stress, and improve their mental and physical health. Deep breaths, meditation, or yoga are good options to do this. Furthermore, exercise, drinking soothing teas like chamomile, fennel, and ginger tea can also help, she said. However, she warns that caffeine can make cramps worse, and instead recommends decaf for coffee lovers. Alternatively, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help alleviate menstrual cramps. These help by reducing inflammation and thereby easing the pain. However, these drugs must be taken under medical supervision. Applying heat can also help calm period cramps, "a hot bag is a lifesaver," she says, adding "Good emotional, social, physical, and psychological support is a must to tide over the phase of period pains". How much bleeding is normal? Typically, a woman loses between 20 to 80 millimetres of blood, equivalent to one and a half shot glasses during a normal menstrual cycle. However, as with pain, this can vary from person to person. Those, with heavy menstrual flow, can lose much more than 80 ml. This can be due to a variety of factors "ranging from non-cancerous uterine growths like fibroids or polyps to more serious conditions such as uterine or cervical cancer," states Dr Rani. Also read | Foods That You Should Avoid During Menstrual Pain Additionally, hormone-related health issues, like thyroid issues or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can also contribute to a heavy menstrual flow. It could also be a warning sign of conditions like "von Willebrand disease (VWD) or platelet function disorder, and non-bleeding-related disorders like liver, kidney, or thyroid disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, and cancer, can also impact menstrual bleeding," she explains. When should one consult a doctor? Open conversations about periods and period pain can empower women, remove the shame and stigma, and also help level the so-called professional playing field. It is crucial for women to consult healthcare professionals for personalised advice, ensuring a more informed and empowered approach to managing period pain. "If the pain is exceptionally severe and unmanageable with over-the-counter medications, or if it's interfering significantly with work, it might be necessary to seek medical advice promptly," advises Dr Kalappa. "Empathy and support can go a long way in helping women to manage this sometimes debilitating condition and also to open up and seek proper guidance instead of suffering in silence and labouring under many myths and misconceptions," she adds.

Explained | Period Pain: Understanding and managing menstrual cramps, experts weigh in

Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) recently issued a drug safety alert for Mefenamic acid and urged both consumers and healthcare professionals to exercise heightened vigilance concerning the potential adverse drug reaction (ADR) linked to Meftal spas medication, which is often prescribed for conditions such as menstrual cramps and rheumatoid arthritis. According to experts, it can cause an adverse reaction that includes Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome.&nbsp;

To understand it better, WION spoke to some medical experts.&nbsp;Here's what they had to&nbsp;say!

"If necessary, painkillers are generally safe, although any medication can have side effects, albeit rarely. Pills with mefenamic acid composition are usually prescribed or consumed for period pain. Although it is relatively safe it can cause DRESS syndrome in 1 in 10000 exposures," says&nbsp;Dr Meghana Reddy Jetty, Consultant - Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Laparoscopic Surgery, BirthRight by Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bengaluru.

"DRESS syndrome is a unique and serious response some people have as a reaction to certain medications. It's a bit peculiar because it takes its time to show up. When it does, it brings along a mix of symptoms like fever, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, and increased eosinophils—those are a type of white blood cell. And it doesn't stop there; it can mess with other parts of the body, too, ranging from mild to pretty severe. Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor before taking pills for period pain,"&nbsp;Dr Meghana states.

What can be the alternatives?

"Home remedies, including certain foods such as ginger, cinnamon, lemon, and dark chocolate, can be beneficial for alleviating period pain. A 2018 study conducted among university students revealed that adopting vegetarian diets and increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with fewer cramps and decreased menstrual pain," says&nbsp;Dr Meghana. "Additionally, using a hot water bag, engaging in regular exercise, and maintaining proper hydration can help alleviate period cramps. It is advisable to avoid certain substances, including caffeine, carbonated beverages, alcohol, excessively salty and spicy foods, as well as overly oily foods."

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-aids-day-skin-conditions-related-to-hiv-aids-665051">World AIDS Day: Skin conditions related to HIV/AIDS</a>

Meanwhile, Dr Prathima Reddy, Director &amp; Lead Consultant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SPARSH Hospital, Bengaluru, highlights the importance of&nbsp;shifting away from symptomatic solutions, such as popping pills and moving towards embracing healthier coping mechanisms.

The medical expert says, "It is a concerning fact that the dependence on painkillers among women to manage period pain and headaches is increasing. While these medications offer temporary relief, they may not necessarily address the underlying causes of discomfort and can even pose health risks with long-term use. In today's demanding world, women juggle various responsibilities, often neglecting their well-being. It is crucial to move towards a holistic approach to their health, recognising the unique challenges they face. It is a must to advocate for a shift away from symptomatic solutions, such as popping pills, and towards embracing healthier coping mechanisms."

Dr Prathima adds, "Chronic reliance on painkillers masks underlying issues that may be related to hormonal imbalances, stress, or lifestyle factors. Addressing these root causes through self-care practices, stress management techniques, and mindful approaches is essential for sustainable well-being. Instead of seeking quick fixes, women should prioritise self-care. This includes adopting a healthy diet, exercising regularly, practising mindfulness and relaxation techniques, and prioritising adequate sleep."

WION also spoke to&nbsp;Dr Sandhya Rani, Sr. Consultant - Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Aster Women and Children Hospital, Whitefield, Bengaluru, who emphasised the fact that "painkillers should only be used after consulting a doctor since overuse of painkillers can lead to serious side effects&nbsp;and complications like allergy, gastritis, DRESS syndrome, liver and kidney damage, etc."

"Pain during periods (dysmenorrhea) and headache are the most common causes of absence from school or work in young girls and women. Painkillers are the most often used or abused medication for instant relief of discomfort. It is essential to understand the root cause of pain and treatment rather than resorting to OTC (over-the-counter) medication. However, consultation with a doctor and evaluation of the cause is an important step. Treatment options may range from lifestyle changes to painkillers, hormonal tablets, and injections may be offered. Headaches can be due to stress, migraines, vision defects, premenstrual, sinusitis, and other medical conditions. A thorough evaluation by a doctor is important before popping in painkillers," says Dr&nbsp;Sandhya.

Conclusion&nbsp;

The recent safety alert issued by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission regarding Mefenamic acid highlights potential risks associated with commonly prescribed medications like Meftal spas. Medical experts caution about the rare yet severe DRESS syndrome linked to these drugs, emphasising vigilance and consultation before usage.

Exploring alternatives, experts advocate holistic approaches, stressing lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and non-medicinal remedies to manage period pain effectively. They stress the need to move away from dependence on symptomatic solutions and promote comprehensive well-being strategies, urging individuals, especially women, to prioritise self-care practices.

Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content provided on this website should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem or disease. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, please contact your healthcare provider immediately. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on a website.

Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) recently issued a drug safety alert for Mefenamic acid and urged both consumers and healthcare professionals to exercise heightened vigilance concerning the potential adverse drug reaction (ADR) linked to Meftal spas medication, which is often prescribed for conditions such as menstrual cramps and rheumatoid arthritis.

Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) recently issued a drug safety alert for Mefenamic acid and urged both consumers and healthcare professionals to exercise heightened vigilance concerning the potential adverse drug reaction (ADR) linked to Meftal spas medication, which is often prescribed for conditions such as menstrual cramps and rheumatoid arthritis. According to experts, it can cause an adverse reaction that includes Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. To understand it better, WION spoke to some medical experts. Here's what they had to say! "If necessary, painkillers are generally safe, although any medication can have side effects, albeit rarely. Pills with mefenamic acid composition are usually prescribed or consumed for period pain. Although it is relatively safe it can cause DRESS syndrome in 1 in 10000 exposures," says Dr Meghana Reddy Jetty, Consultant - Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Laparoscopic Surgery, BirthRight by Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bengaluru. "DRESS syndrome is a unique and serious response some people have as a reaction to certain medications. It's a bit peculiar because it takes its time to show up. When it does, it brings along a mix of symptoms like fever, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, and increased eosinophils—those are a type of white blood cell. And it doesn't stop there; it can mess with other parts of the body, too, ranging from mild to pretty severe. Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor before taking pills for period pain," Dr Meghana states. What can be the alternatives? "Home remedies, including certain foods such as ginger, cinnamon, lemon, and dark chocolate, can be beneficial for alleviating period pain. A 2018 study conducted among university students revealed that adopting vegetarian diets and increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with fewer cramps and decreased menstrual pain," says Dr Meghana. "Additionally, using a hot water bag, engaging in regular exercise, and maintaining proper hydration can help alleviate period cramps. It is advisable to avoid certain substances, including caffeine, carbonated beverages, alcohol, excessively salty and spicy foods, as well as overly oily foods." Also read: World AIDS Day: Skin conditions related to HIV/AIDS Meanwhile, Dr Prathima Reddy, Director & Lead Consultant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SPARSH Hospital, Bengaluru, highlights the importance of shifting away from symptomatic solutions, such as popping pills and moving towards embracing healthier coping mechanisms. The medical expert says, "It is a concerning fact that the dependence on painkillers among women to manage period pain and headaches is increasing. While these medications offer temporary relief, they may not necessarily address the underlying causes of discomfort and can even pose health risks with long-term use. In today's demanding world, women juggle various responsibilities, often neglecting their well-being. It is crucial to move towards a holistic approach to their health, recognising the unique challenges they face. It is a must to advocate for a shift away from symptomatic solutions, such as popping pills, and towards embracing healthier coping mechanisms." Dr Prathima adds, "Chronic reliance on painkillers masks underlying issues that may be related to hormonal imbalances, stress, or lifestyle factors. Addressing these root causes through self-care practices, stress management techniques, and mindful approaches is essential for sustainable well-being. Instead of seeking quick fixes, women should prioritise self-care. This includes adopting a healthy diet, exercising regularly, practising mindfulness and relaxation techniques, and prioritising adequate sleep." WION also spoke to Dr Sandhya Rani, Sr. Consultant - Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Aster Women and Children Hospital, Whitefield, Bengaluru, who emphasised the fact that "painkillers should only be used after consulting a doctor since overuse of painkillers can lead to serious side effects and complications like allergy, gastritis, DRESS syndrome, liver and kidney damage, etc." "Pain during periods (dysmenorrhea) and headache are the most common causes of absence from school or work in young girls and women. Painkillers are the most often used or abused medication for instant relief of discomfort. It is essential to understand the root cause of pain and treatment rather than resorting to OTC (over-the-counter) medication. However, consultation with a doctor and evaluation of the cause is an important step. Treatment options may range from lifestyle changes to painkillers, hormonal tablets, and injections may be offered. Headaches can be due to stress, migraines, vision defects, premenstrual, sinusitis, and other medical conditions. A thorough evaluation by a doctor is important before popping in painkillers," says Dr Sandhya. Conclusion The recent safety alert issued by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission regarding Mefenamic acid highlights potential risks associated with commonly prescribed medications like Meftal spas. Medical experts caution about the rare yet severe DRESS syndrome linked to these drugs, emphasising vigilance and consultation before usage. Exploring alternatives, experts advocate holistic approaches, stressing lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and non-medicinal remedies to manage period pain effectively. They stress the need to move away from dependence on symptomatic solutions and promote comprehensive well-being strategies, urging individuals, especially women, to prioritise self-care practices. Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content provided on this website should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem or disease. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, please contact your healthcare provider immediately. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on a website.

Is popping Meftal spas for menstrual cramps safe? Medical experts answer

Britain has the worst cocaine habit in Europe, with rates of consumption much higher than Mexico and Colombia, international data show...

Britain has worst cocaine habit in Europe, figures show

A recently identified coronavirus variant named JN.1 has raised alarm&nbsp;among healthcare professionals, experts, authorities, and the general public. This COVID19 subvariant, JN.1, is a descendant of BA.2.86.&nbsp;

On 18 December, recent data from the Union Health Ministry disclosed that India recorded 260 fresh cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus), causing an increase in active cases to 1,828. The death toll has now reached 5,33,317.

The symptoms of the JN.1 novel Covid variant encompass a runny nose, a sore throat, fever, and headaches. One may encounter mild upper respiratory symptoms that generally show improvement within a span of four to five days.

<h2>10 updates about the JN.1 COVID variant:&nbsp;</h2>

<ul>
	<li>India records 260 new cases, total active at 1,828</li>
	<li>'Report symptoms, increase testing': Govt advisory amid Covid spike, new variant</li>
	<li>The Karnataka government has dismissed the current necessity for border movement restrictions, affirming that it has implemented comprehensive precautionary measures.</li>
	<li>The Union health ministry has called upon states to remain watchful due to the surge in COVID cases in Kerala. In response to the significant spike in daily cases, Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya has scheduled a meeting with state health ministers on Wednesday. Kerala has witnessed a substantial rise in daily cases, nearly tripling within a week, along with 10 reported deaths from December 1 to 17.</li>
	<li>The World Health Organization issues a warning that "Covid is still undergoing changes and evolution" as cases of the JN.1 subvariant continue to rise.</li>
	<li>The central government issues a Covid advisory to states amid the increasing prevalence of the Omicron subvariant.</li>
	<li>In Karnataka, the requirement for wearing masks is now mandatory for individuals aged 60 and above.</li>
	<li>The central government has guided state governments, urging them to ensure appropriate health arrangements.</li>
	<li>The JN.1 variant is highly adept at evading the immune system and spreads rapidly. This allows it to infect individuals with prior COVID-19 infections as well as those who have been vaccinated.</li>
	<li>The Covid variant possesses a notable quantity of distinct mutations, particularly in the spike protein, which could potentially enhance infectivity and evade the immune response.</li>
</ul>

 
(With inputs from agencies)

A recently identified coronavirus variant named JN.1 has raised alarm among healthcare professionals, experts, authorities, and the general public. This COVID19 subvariant, JN.

A recently identified coronavirus variant named JN.1 has raised alarm among healthcare professionals, experts, authorities, and the general public. This COVID19 subvariant, JN.1, is a descendant of BA.2.86. On 18 December, recent data from the Union Health Ministry disclosed that India recorded 260 fresh cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus), causing an increase in active cases to 1,828. The death toll has now reached 5,33,317. The symptoms of the JN.1 novel Covid variant encompass a runny nose, a sore throat, fever, and headaches. One may encounter mild upper respiratory symptoms that generally show improvement within a span of four to five days. 10 updates about the JN.1 COVID variant: India records 260 new cases, total active at 1,828 'Report symptoms, increase testing': Govt advisory amid Covid spike, new variant The Karnataka government has dismissed the current necessity for border movement restrictions, affirming that it has implemented comprehensive precautionary measures. The Union health ministry has called upon states to remain watchful due to the surge in COVID cases in Kerala. In response to the significant spike in daily cases, Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya has scheduled a meeting with state health ministers on Wednesday. Kerala has witnessed a substantial rise in daily cases, nearly tripling within a week, along with 10 reported deaths from December 1 to 17. The World Health Organization issues a warning that "Covid is still undergoing changes and evolution" as cases of the JN.1 subvariant continue to rise. The central government issues a Covid advisory to states amid the increasing prevalence of the Omicron subvariant. In Karnataka, the requirement for wearing masks is now mandatory for individuals aged 60 and above. The central government has guided state governments, urging them to ensure appropriate health arrangements. The JN.1 variant is highly adept at evading the immune system and spreads rapidly. This allows it to infect individuals with prior COVID-19 infections as well as those who have been vaccinated. The Covid variant possesses a notable quantity of distinct mutations, particularly in the spike protein, which could potentially enhance infectivity and evade the immune response. (With inputs from agencies)

New Covid variant JN.1 detected in India. 10 points you need to know

The UK has witnessed a notable rise in norovirus cases in recent weeks, with nearly 1,500 confirmed cases reported by the beginning of this month. This marks a 60 per cent increase compared to the same period last year, posing challenges for healthcare resources and staff, according to the Royal College of Emergency Medicine Scotland.

<h2>'Winter vomiting bug'</h2>

Norovirus, often referred to as the "winter vomiting bug," is highly contagious and known to cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Health experts express concern about the surge in cases, particularly with the approaching Christmas season.

Norovirus is a highly contagious virus causing symptoms similar to the stomach flu, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Unlike the flu, norovirus is not preventable with a vaccine. The virus spreads easily through contact with an infected person.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-kerala-sees-uptick-in-covid-19-cases-with-over-750-active-cases-in-state-669284">Also read |&nbsp;India: Kerala sees uptick in COVID-19 spread with over 750 active cases in state</a>

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) notes that it leads to inflammation in the stomach or intestines, resulting in acute gastroenteritis. Symptoms typically manifest 12 to 48 hours after exposure, with most individuals recovering within one to three days.

There is no specific medication for norovirus, and recovery typically relies on the body's natural healing process.

Also watch |&nbsp;UK PM Sunak argued let virus 'rip a bit' new Covid Inquiry diary extract claims

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/uk-pm-sunak-argued-let-virus-rip-a-bit-new-covid-inquiry-diary-extract-claims-667798/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

The CDC recommends drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, a common concern with norovirus. Regular handwashing with soap and water is crucial, as the virus can persist in the feces of recovered individuals for at least two weeks.

The surge in norovirus cases raises concerns about the strain on healthcare resources and staff as the festive season approaches. With no specific treatment available, preventive measures, including proper hygiene and fluid intake, become crucial in curbing the spread of the virus.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The UK has witnessed a notable rise in norovirus cases in recent weeks, with nearly 1,500 confirmed cases reported by the beginning of this month. This marks a 60 per cent increase compared to the same period last year, posing challenges for healthcare resources and staff, according to the Royal College of Emergency Medicine Scotland.

The UK has witnessed a notable rise in norovirus cases in recent weeks, with nearly 1,500 confirmed cases reported by the beginning of this month. This marks a 60 per cent increase compared to the same period last year, posing challenges for healthcare resources and staff, according to the Royal College of Emergency Medicine Scotland. 'Winter vomiting bug' Norovirus, often referred to as the "winter vomiting bug," is highly contagious and known to cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Health experts express concern about the surge in cases, particularly with the approaching Christmas season. Norovirus is a highly contagious virus causing symptoms similar to the stomach flu, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Unlike the flu, norovirus is not preventable with a vaccine. The virus spreads easily through contact with an infected person. Also read | India: Kerala sees uptick in COVID-19 spread with over 750 active cases in state The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) notes that it leads to inflammation in the stomach or intestines, resulting in acute gastroenteritis. Symptoms typically manifest 12 to 48 hours after exposure, with most individuals recovering within one to three days. There is no specific medication for norovirus, and recovery typically relies on the body's natural healing process. Also watch | UK PM Sunak argued let virus 'rip a bit' new Covid Inquiry diary extract claims The CDC recommends drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, a common concern with norovirus. Regular handwashing with soap and water is crucial, as the virus can persist in the feces of recovered individuals for at least two weeks. The surge in norovirus cases raises concerns about the strain on healthcare resources and staff as the festive season approaches. With no specific treatment available, preventive measures, including proper hygiene and fluid intake, become crucial in curbing the spread of the virus. (With inputs from agencies)

UK sees surge in Norovirus cases with over 1,500 infected

Your mental health is more connected to your physical health than you think. Research says severe mental illnesses mean almost double the risk of multiple physical health problems. Molly Gambhir tells you more.

Gravitas | How does your mental health impact your physical health?

Every year on December 12, the World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach. The United Nations originated this concept of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), emphasizing the principle that individuals, irrespective of their geographical or financial circumstances deserve access to high-quality healthcare without encountering financial hardships. 
Enhancing health systems grounded in primary healthcare is essential for diminishing disparities, eliminating obstacles to healthcare services, and proactively addressing health emergencies through prevention, detection, and response measures.

<h2>World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: History</h2>

 
On 12 December 2012, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution calling on countries to intensify their initiatives in attaining universal healthcare (UHC). The key aim of this developmental initiative was to guarantee that individuals, irrespective of their geographical location, could avail themselves of top-notch and cost-effective healthcare. &nbsp;

<h2> 
World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Theme</h2>

 
The theme for Universal Health Coverage Day 2023 is - “Health For All: Time for Action". The theme for this year calls upon leaders to implement policies ensuring fair access to crucial health services without causing financial burdens. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its unpredictable nature and severe consequences, emphasized vital lessons in healthcare. It highlighted the necessity for a healthcare system that is more resilient and adaptable in the times ahead. &nbsp;Across various sectors, including governments, NGOs, the private sector, and civil society, allows us to hold our leaders responsible and strive towards achieving universal health coverage by 2030.

<h2>World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Significance</h2>

 
On this occasion, proponents share the narratives of countless individuals eagerly anticipating access to healthcare services, applaud the advancements achieved to date, and urge leaders to commit substantial resources to health initiatives. This represents a worldwide endeavour and a pivotal stride toward realizing the 2030 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objective.

On this particular day, the World Health Organization (WHO) urges governments worldwide to allocate investments towards fortifying the resilience of their health systems. The emphasis is on ensuring the capacity of healthcare systems to withstand challenges and uncertainties, delivering comprehensive health services for everyone in a world marked by turbulence and unpredictability. This call underscores the importance of proactive measures and sustained efforts to establish robust healthcare infrastructures capable of addressing the diverse and evolving health needs of populations across the globe.

Every year on December 12, the World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach.

Every year on December 12, the World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach. The United Nations originated this concept of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), emphasizing the principle that individuals, irrespective of their geographical or financial circumstances deserve access to high-quality healthcare without encountering financial hardships. Enhancing health systems grounded in primary healthcare is essential for diminishing disparities, eliminating obstacles to healthcare services, and proactively addressing health emergencies through prevention, detection, and response measures. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: History On 12 December 2012, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution calling on countries to intensify their initiatives in attaining universal healthcare (UHC). The key aim of this developmental initiative was to guarantee that individuals, irrespective of their geographical location, could avail themselves of top-notch and cost-effective healthcare. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Theme The theme for Universal Health Coverage Day 2023 is - “Health For All: Time for Action". The theme for this year calls upon leaders to implement policies ensuring fair access to crucial health services without causing financial burdens. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its unpredictable nature and severe consequences, emphasized vital lessons in healthcare. It highlighted the necessity for a healthcare system that is more resilient and adaptable in the times ahead. Across various sectors, including governments, NGOs, the private sector, and civil society, allows us to hold our leaders responsible and strive towards achieving universal health coverage by 2030. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Significance On this occasion, proponents share the narratives of countless individuals eagerly anticipating access to healthcare services, applaud the advancements achieved to date, and urge leaders to commit substantial resources to health initiatives. This represents a worldwide endeavour and a pivotal stride toward realizing the 2030 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objective. On this particular day, the World Health Organization (WHO) urges governments worldwide to allocate investments towards fortifying the resilience of their health systems. The emphasis is on ensuring the capacity of healthcare systems to withstand challenges and uncertainties, delivering comprehensive health services for everyone in a world marked by turbulence and unpredictability. This call underscores the importance of proactive measures and sustained efforts to establish robust healthcare infrastructures capable of addressing the diverse and evolving health needs of populations across the globe.

World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Date, theme, history and significance

Media icon Oprah Winfrey recently made a stunning appearance at the premiere of The Color Purple in Los Angeles, showcasing a remarkable weight loss transformation. The 69-year-old executive producer of the musical&nbsp;coming-of-age period drama film&nbsp;donned a vibrant floor-length purple gown, accentuated with a glittery purple clutch and matching heels.

Entertainment Tonight caught up with Winfrey on the red carpet, inquiring about the secret behind her weight transformation. In response, Winfrey revealed that her transformation was the result of several strategies woven together for best results.

"It’s not one thing, it’s everything," Oprah said. The billionaire also declared her intent to maintain her current state while speaking to the publication on the red carpet. "I intend to keep it that way," Oprah added.

Winfrey hosted a panel for Oprah Daily in September to address the ongoing obesity and weight crisis in the US. The host also addressed&nbsp;the ongoing discussions about weight loss drugs like Ozempic in Hollywood. She was joined by&nbsp;obesity specialists Dr Fatima Cody Stanford and Dr Melanie Jay along with psychologist Dr Rachel Goldman and Sima Sistani, the CEO of WeightWatchers

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bts-member-jung-kook-gets-emotional-during-last-live-session-with-army-before-military-enlistment-668957">BTS member Jung Kook gets emotional during last live session with ARMY before military enlistment</a>

During the panel, Winfrey expressed her belief in individual choices regarding body acceptance, stating, "Shouldn’t we all just be more accepting of whatever body you choose to be in? That should be your choice."

Oprah also revealed that she contemplated taking the drug but eventually decided to avoid it, thinking it was an easy way out. The host shared, "Even when I first started hearing about the weight loss drugs, at the same time I was going through knee surgery, and I felt: ‘I’ve got to do this on my own.’ Because if I take the drug, that’s the easy way out."

Media icon Oprah Winfrey recently made a stunning appearance at the premiere of The Color Purple in Los Angeles, showcasing a remarkable weight loss transformation.

Media icon Oprah Winfrey recently made a stunning appearance at the premiere of The Color Purple in Los Angeles, showcasing a remarkable weight loss transformation. The 69-year-old executive producer of the musical coming-of-age period drama film donned a vibrant floor-length purple gown, accentuated with a glittery purple clutch and matching heels. Entertainment Tonight caught up with Winfrey on the red carpet, inquiring about the secret behind her weight transformation. In response, Winfrey revealed that her transformation was the result of several strategies woven together for best results. "It’s not one thing, it’s everything," Oprah said. The billionaire also declared her intent to maintain her current state while speaking to the publication on the red carpet. "I intend to keep it that way," Oprah added. Winfrey hosted a panel for Oprah Daily in September to address the ongoing obesity and weight crisis in the US. The host also addressed the ongoing discussions about weight loss drugs like Ozempic in Hollywood. She was joined by obesity specialists Dr Fatima Cody Stanford and Dr Melanie Jay along with psychologist Dr Rachel Goldman and Sima Sistani, the CEO of WeightWatchers Also read: BTS member Jung Kook gets emotional during last live session with ARMY before military enlistment During the panel, Winfrey expressed her belief in individual choices regarding body acceptance, stating, "Shouldn’t we all just be more accepting of whatever body you choose to be in? That should be your choice." Oprah also revealed that she contemplated taking the drug but eventually decided to avoid it, thinking it was an easy way out. The host shared, "Even when I first started hearing about the weight loss drugs, at the same time I was going through knee surgery, and I felt: ‘I’ve got to do this on my own.’ Because if I take the drug, that’s the easy way out."

Oprah Winfrey opens up about sudden weight loss at The Color Purple LA premiere

Every year on December 12, World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach. The United Nations initiated the&nbsp;concept of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), emphasising the principle that individuals, irrespective of their geographical or financial circumstances deserve access to high-quality healthcare without encountering financial hardships. 
Enhancing health systems grounded in primary healthcare is essential for diminishing disparities, eliminating obstacles to healthcare services, and proactively addressing health emergencies through prevention, detection, and response measures.

<h2>World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: History</h2>

 
On 12 December 2012, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution calling on countries to intensify their initiatives in attaining universal healthcare (UHC). The key aim of this developmental initiative was to guarantee that individuals, irrespective of their geographical location, could avail themselves of top-notch and cost-effective healthcare. &nbsp;

<h2> 
World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Theme</h2>

 
The theme for Universal Health Coverage Day 2023 is - “Health For All: Time for Action". The theme for this year calls upon leaders to implement policies ensuring fair access to crucial health services without causing financial burdens. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its unpredictable nature and severe consequences, emphasised vital lessons in healthcare. It highlighted the necessity for a healthcare system that is more resilient and adaptable in the times ahead. Various sectors, including government, NGOs, the private sector, and civil society, allow us to hold our leaders responsible and strive towards achieving universal health coverage by 2030.

<h2>World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Significance</h2>

 
On this occasion, proponents share the narratives of countless individuals eagerly anticipating access to healthcare services, applaud the advancements achieved to date, and urge leaders to commit substantial resources to health initiatives. This represents a worldwide endeavour and a pivotal stride towards realising the 2030 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objective.

On this particular day, the World Health Organization (WHO) urges governments worldwide to allocate investments towards fortifying the resilience of their health systems. The emphasis is on ensuring the capacity of healthcare systems to withstand challenges and uncertainties, delivering comprehensive health services for everyone in a world marked by turbulence and unpredictability. This call underscores the importance of proactive measures and sustained efforts to establish robust healthcare infrastructures capable of addressing the diverse and evolving health needs of populations across the globe.

(With inputs from agencies)

Every year on December 12, World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach.

Every year on December 12, World Universal Health Coverage Day is commemorated, acting as a worldwide appeal for healthcare that is both equitable and within reach. The United Nations initiated the concept of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), emphasising the principle that individuals, irrespective of their geographical or financial circumstances deserve access to high-quality healthcare without encountering financial hardships. Enhancing health systems grounded in primary healthcare is essential for diminishing disparities, eliminating obstacles to healthcare services, and proactively addressing health emergencies through prevention, detection, and response measures. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: History On 12 December 2012, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution calling on countries to intensify their initiatives in attaining universal healthcare (UHC). The key aim of this developmental initiative was to guarantee that individuals, irrespective of their geographical location, could avail themselves of top-notch and cost-effective healthcare. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Theme The theme for Universal Health Coverage Day 2023 is - “Health For All: Time for Action". The theme for this year calls upon leaders to implement policies ensuring fair access to crucial health services without causing financial burdens. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its unpredictable nature and severe consequences, emphasised vital lessons in healthcare. It highlighted the necessity for a healthcare system that is more resilient and adaptable in the times ahead. Various sectors, including government, NGOs, the private sector, and civil society, allow us to hold our leaders responsible and strive towards achieving universal health coverage by 2030. World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Significance On this occasion, proponents share the narratives of countless individuals eagerly anticipating access to healthcare services, applaud the advancements achieved to date, and urge leaders to commit substantial resources to health initiatives. This represents a worldwide endeavour and a pivotal stride towards realising the 2030 Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objective. On this particular day, the World Health Organization (WHO) urges governments worldwide to allocate investments towards fortifying the resilience of their health systems. The emphasis is on ensuring the capacity of healthcare systems to withstand challenges and uncertainties, delivering comprehensive health services for everyone in a world marked by turbulence and unpredictability. This call underscores the importance of proactive measures and sustained efforts to establish robust healthcare infrastructures capable of addressing the diverse and evolving health needs of populations across the globe. (With inputs from agencies)

World Universal Health Coverage Day 2023: Theme, date, history and significance

The World Health Organization (WHO) called on countries to raise taxes on alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), on Tuesday (Dec 5) while noting that a majority of the countries do not incentivise healthier behaviours.&nbsp;

The recommendations were based on the United Nations health agency's study of the taxation rates which found that the average global tax rate on such “unhealthy products” was low, and hiking taxes could result in healthier populations and reduce the deaths&nbsp;they cause.&nbsp; 
 
“WHO recommends that excise tax should apply to all sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and alcoholic beverages,” said the UN agency&nbsp;in a statement. Excise taxes target specific consumer products.&nbsp;

<h2>Millions of deaths due to alcohol and SSBs</h2>

Around 2.6 million people across the world die from drinking alcohol, while more than eight million die from having an unhealthy diet, according to WHO, adding that implementing a tax on them “will reduce these deaths.”

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/69-million-children-in-rich-countries-living-in-poverty-unicef-666670">69 million children in 'rich' countries living in poverty: UNICEF</a>

The UN agency also said that raising the tax will not only help reduce the consumption of these beverages but also incentivise companies to make healthier products.&nbsp;

“Taxing unhealthy products creates healthier populations. It has a positive ripple effect across society, less disease and debilitation and revenue for governments to provide public services,” said Rüdiger Krech, the UN agency’s health promotion director, in the statement.&nbsp;

“In the case of alcohol, taxes also help prevent violence and road traffic injuries,” he added.

The tax on these products would also help prevent non-communicable diseases such as cancers, diabetes and heart diseases, said the UN health agency.&nbsp;

<h2>What else did WHO find?</h2>

The report also noted that half of all countries taxing SSBs are also taxing water – not something that the WHO recommends. Around 108 countries of its 194 members impose some taxation on SSBs. Globally, excise taxes on average represent just 6.6 per cent of the price of a soda.

Additionally, at least 148 countries have applied excise taxes to alcohol at the national level. However, wine is exempted from excise taxes in at least 22 countries, most of which are in Europe, said WHO.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/suspect-who-fired-flare-gun-at-officers-in-virginia-neighbourhood-presumed-dead-us-police-666747">Suspect who fired flare gun at officers in Virginia neighbourhood presumed dead: US police</a>

The tax, according to the UN agency, on the price of the most sold brand of beer is 17.2 per cent. Meanwhile, the tax on "the most sold brand of the most sold&nbsp;type of spirit" is 26 per cent.

“A significant body of research has demonstrated that people who engage in heavy episodic drinking tend to drink the cheapest available alcoholic beverages,” said the WHO.&nbsp;

The report citing a 2017 study said taxes that increase alcohol prices by 50 per cent would help avert over 21 million deaths over half a decade and generate nearly $17 trillion in additional revenues.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The World Health Organization (WHO) called on countries to raise taxes on alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), on Tuesday (Dec 5) while noting that a majority of the countries do not incentivise healthier behaviours.

The World Health Organization (WHO) called on countries to raise taxes on alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), on Tuesday (Dec 5) while noting that a majority of the countries do not incentivise healthier behaviours. The recommendations were based on the United Nations health agency's study of the taxation rates which found that the average global tax rate on such “unhealthy products” was low, and hiking taxes could result in healthier populations and reduce the deaths they cause. “WHO recommends that excise tax should apply to all sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and alcoholic beverages,” said the UN agency in a statement. Excise taxes target specific consumer products. Millions of deaths due to alcohol and SSBs Around 2.6 million people across the world die from drinking alcohol, while more than eight million die from having an unhealthy diet, according to WHO, adding that implementing a tax on them “will reduce these deaths.” ALSO READ | 69 million children in 'rich' countries living in poverty: UNICEF The UN agency also said that raising the tax will not only help reduce the consumption of these beverages but also incentivise companies to make healthier products. “Taxing unhealthy products creates healthier populations. It has a positive ripple effect across society, less disease and debilitation and revenue for governments to provide public services,” said Rüdiger Krech, the UN agency’s health promotion director, in the statement. “In the case of alcohol, taxes also help prevent violence and road traffic injuries,” he added. The tax on these products would also help prevent non-communicable diseases such as cancers, diabetes and heart diseases, said the UN health agency. What else did WHO find? The report also noted that half of all countries taxing SSBs are also taxing water – not something that the WHO recommends. Around 108 countries of its 194 members impose some taxation on SSBs. Globally, excise taxes on average represent just 6.6 per cent of the price of a soda. Additionally, at least 148 countries have applied excise taxes to alcohol at the national level. However, wine is exempted from excise taxes in at least 22 countries, most of which are in Europe, said WHO. ALSO READ | Suspect who fired flare gun at officers in Virginia neighbourhood presumed dead: US police The tax, according to the UN agency, on the price of the most sold brand of beer is 17.2 per cent. Meanwhile, the tax on "the most sold brand of the most sold type of spirit" is 26 per cent. “A significant body of research has demonstrated that people who engage in heavy episodic drinking tend to drink the cheapest available alcoholic beverages,” said the WHO. The report citing a 2017 study said taxes that increase alcohol prices by 50 per cent would help avert over 21 million deaths over half a decade and generate nearly $17 trillion in additional revenues. (With inputs from agencies)

WHO calls for higher taxes on alcohol and sugary drinks. Here's why

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets. 
 
The tests were carried out on more than 1,700 women in Singapore, New Zealand and the United Kingdom who have been planning to conceive. In these tests, it was found that most of them were lacking nutrients which are found in abundance in dairy and meat products and are important for healthy development of foetus. 
 
“We were surprised at how common low or marginal status was for these micronutrients,” said Prof Keith Godfrey, who is the lead author of the study at the University of Southampton and an epidemiologist.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/children-develop-behavioural-issues-if-mothers-experience-high-stress-during-pregnancy-study-660254">Children develop behavioural issues if mothers experience high stress during pregnancy: Study</a>

“For the individual, the simple answer is that unless you’re following a really high-quality diet, you may need to consider taking a supplement,” he added, as reported by The Guardian.

<h2>Are supplements, and probiotics good options to increase the level of nutrients?</h2>

The women, who were between the age group of 18 to 38, were included in the Nipper study – which is an international trial that has been exploring whether combinations of nutrients as well as probiotics taken before and during pregnancy help in improving the health of the babies and their mothers. 
 
The blood levels of vital nutrients were measured by the doctors after the women were recruited and they were randomly assigned to either a standard vitamin supplement for pregnant women which contains folic acid, beta-carotene, iron, calcium and iodine, and an enhanced version which contained additional riboflavin, vitamins B6, B12 and D, probiotics, zinc and myo-inositol, which is a form of sugar.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas: New study suggest advises mothers to talk to their baby bumps

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-new-study-suggest-advises-mothers-to-talk-to-their-baby-bumps-662094/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

According to a report in Plos Medicine, before conceiving, marginal or low levels of folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12 or vitamin D were found in nine out of 10 women and many suffered from vitamin B6 deficiency in late pregnancy. 
 
The supplements were found to improve vitamin levels in women, although not always to sufficient levels. “More work needs to be done to identify the ideal quantities, but certainly the amounts we gave, which you can purchase over the counter at the chemist, were sufficient to substantially reduce the prevalence of deficiency,” said Godfrey.

(With inputs from agencies)

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets.

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets. The tests were carried out on more than 1,700 women in Singapore, New Zealand and the United Kingdom who have been planning to conceive. In these tests, it was found that most of them were lacking nutrients which are found in abundance in dairy and meat products and are important for healthy development of foetus. “We were surprised at how common low or marginal status was for these micronutrients,” said Prof Keith Godfrey, who is the lead author of the study at the University of Southampton and an epidemiologist. Also read: Children develop behavioural issues if mothers experience high stress during pregnancy: Study “For the individual, the simple answer is that unless you’re following a really high-quality diet, you may need to consider taking a supplement,” he added, as reported by The Guardian. Are supplements, and probiotics good options to increase the level of nutrients? The women, who were between the age group of 18 to 38, were included in the Nipper study – which is an international trial that has been exploring whether combinations of nutrients as well as probiotics taken before and during pregnancy help in improving the health of the babies and their mothers. The blood levels of vital nutrients were measured by the doctors after the women were recruited and they were randomly assigned to either a standard vitamin supplement for pregnant women which contains folic acid, beta-carotene, iron, calcium and iodine, and an enhanced version which contained additional riboflavin, vitamins B6, B12 and D, probiotics, zinc and myo-inositol, which is a form of sugar. Watch: Gravitas: New study suggest advises mothers to talk to their baby bumps According to a report in Plos Medicine, before conceiving, marginal or low levels of folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12 or vitamin D were found in nine out of 10 women and many suffered from vitamin B6 deficiency in late pregnancy. The supplements were found to improve vitamin levels in women, although not always to sufficient levels. “More work needs to be done to identify the ideal quantities, but certainly the amounts we gave, which you can purchase over the counter at the chemist, were sufficient to substantially reduce the prevalence of deficiency,” said Godfrey. (With inputs from agencies)

Vegan diet behind troubled pregnancy? Here's what researchers think

HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, targets the immune system and, when untreated, can progress into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). With a compromised immune system, individuals become susceptible to opportunistic infections, often life-threatening.

Dermatological conditions are prevalent, affecting over 90 per cent of those with HIV. These conditions range from infections to neoplastic disorders, manifesting on the skin and mucosa, often indicative of the specific HIV stage.

Some skin conditions are telltale signs of HIV/AIDS, aiding in diagnosis:

Kaposi's Sarcoma: Characterised by cancerous skin patches or nodules in mucous membranes, this tumorous condition appears as purple lesions and is an AIDS-defining condition, prevalent in extremely low CD4 counts.

Herpes Zoster (Shingles): This virus, causing blisters in dermatological distributions, leads to severe, burning pain across the trunk or face.

Molluscum Contagiosum: Identified by pink or flesh-coloured skin lesions, this highly contagious condition spreads through skin contact, appearing anywhere on the body.

Candidiasis: A fungal infection causing white lesions in the oral cavity (thrush), genital areas, and nodular skin lesions. Other infections like histoplasmosis and cryptococcal infections result in similar skin manifestations.

Dermatophyte Infections: These fungal skin infections are more frequent in HIV patients.

Viral Infections: Immune decline invites various viruses, causing macular rashes on the trunk and face, like Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and Epstein Barr virus.

Drug Reactions: Anti-HIV drugs or medications for opportunistic infections may induce rashes, ranging from self-resolving to severe conditions like Steven Johnson syndrome or Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-aids-day-myths--facts-about-acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome-664981">World AIDS Day: Myths &amp; facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome</a>

Photodermatitis: HIV can increase skin sensitivity to UV radiation, affecting exposed areas post-sun exposure.

Chronic Dermatological Conditions: Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema exacerbate in HIV patients, becoming treatment-resistant and prone to secondary infections.

Systemic Disease Manifestations: HIV/AIDS can affect any organ, presenting systemic disorders that manifest as skin involvement.

Hyperpigmentation: Commonly observed in HIV patients on the skin and nails.

Understanding the intricate link between HIV/AIDS and dermatological manifestations is vital, aiding in early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and proactive care for individuals affected by this complex condition.

(With inputs from&nbsp;Dr Mala Kaneria- Consultant, Infectious Diseases, Jaslok Hospital &amp; Research Centre, Mumbai)

HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, targets the immune system and, when untreated, can progress into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). With a compromised immune system, individuals become susceptible to opportunistic infections, often life-threatening.

HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, targets the immune system and, when untreated, can progress into Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). With a compromised immune system, individuals become susceptible to opportunistic infections, often life-threatening. Dermatological conditions are prevalent, affecting over 90 per cent of those with HIV. These conditions range from infections to neoplastic disorders, manifesting on the skin and mucosa, often indicative of the specific HIV stage. Some skin conditions are telltale signs of HIV/AIDS, aiding in diagnosis: Kaposi's Sarcoma: Characterised by cancerous skin patches or nodules in mucous membranes, this tumorous condition appears as purple lesions and is an AIDS-defining condition, prevalent in extremely low CD4 counts. Herpes Zoster (Shingles): This virus, causing blisters in dermatological distributions, leads to severe, burning pain across the trunk or face. Molluscum Contagiosum: Identified by pink or flesh-coloured skin lesions, this highly contagious condition spreads through skin contact, appearing anywhere on the body. Candidiasis: A fungal infection causing white lesions in the oral cavity (thrush), genital areas, and nodular skin lesions. Other infections like histoplasmosis and cryptococcal infections result in similar skin manifestations. Dermatophyte Infections: These fungal skin infections are more frequent in HIV patients. Viral Infections: Immune decline invites various viruses, causing macular rashes on the trunk and face, like Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and Epstein Barr virus. Drug Reactions: Anti-HIV drugs or medications for opportunistic infections may induce rashes, ranging from self-resolving to severe conditions like Steven Johnson syndrome or Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Also read: World AIDS Day: Myths & facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Photodermatitis: HIV can increase skin sensitivity to UV radiation, affecting exposed areas post-sun exposure. Chronic Dermatological Conditions: Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema exacerbate in HIV patients, becoming treatment-resistant and prone to secondary infections. Systemic Disease Manifestations: HIV/AIDS can affect any organ, presenting systemic disorders that manifest as skin involvement. Hyperpigmentation: Commonly observed in HIV patients on the skin and nails. Understanding the intricate link between HIV/AIDS and dermatological manifestations is vital, aiding in early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and proactive care for individuals affected by this complex condition. (With inputs from Dr Mala Kaneria- Consultant, Infectious Diseases, Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai)

World AIDS Day: Skin conditions related to HIV/AIDS

In recent times, a concerning surge in reproductive health issues is evident among young women who smoke. A spectrum of concerns is affecting both teenagers and young professionals, typically between the ages of 20 and 40. The act of smoking has been intricately linked to an array of potential reproductive health challenges, casting a shadow on the well-being of women and their future offspring.

Here are some potential reproductive health issues smokers may face:

Menstrual Irregularities: Smoking has been correlated with disruptions in the menstrual cycle, particularly among those with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

Fertility Challenges: Smoking is connected to heightened difficulties in conception. Nicotine and other harmful substances in cigarettes can negatively impact the ovaries and disrupt hormonal balance, making conception more challenging.

High-Risk Pregnancy &amp; Complications: Pregnant women who smoke face an elevated risk of complications, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental issues. Exposure to second-hand smoke is also linked to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the developing foetus.

Increased Risk of Miscarriage: Women smokers have a higher likelihood of experiencing miscarriages compared to non-smokers. The toxic components of cigarettes may compromise the viability of a developing pregnancy.

Potential risk of Cervical Cancer: One of the third most common cancers in women worldwide, Cervical Cancer is a preventable disease. Smoking not only worsens the persistence of HPV, a well-known precursor to cervical cancer, but it also places an additional burden on the already complex landscape of women's health.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-aids-day-myths--facts-about-acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome-664981">World AIDS Day: Myths &amp; facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome</a>

Young women who smoke may unknowingly expose themselves to these risks, jeopardising their reproductive health and the health of potential future generations.

"We have been noticing a significant uptick in reproductive health issues among young women who smoke, and it is crucial that we take proactive steps to address this trend. Approximately over 10 per cent of women presenting with various reproductive disorders are constant smokers. Many women adopt smoking and alcohol consumption as 'stress busters.' Smoking among young women not only threatens their health but also poses specific and alarming risks to their overall well-being," says Dr Prathima Reddy, Director &amp; Lead Consultant-Obstetrics and Gynaecology at SPARSH Hospital, Bangalore.

"It is crucial that we prioritise education, intervention, and support to mitigate these risks. We need to empower young women with knowledge about the potential risks they face and encourage them to make healthier lifestyle choices," adds Dr Prathima.

Dr Samta Singhania, Infertility specialist, Obs &amp; Gyne, Apollo Clinic, Pune, says, “Smoking can accelerate the loss of eggs, which can reduce fertility. Women are born with a set number of eggs that decrease over time, and smoking can speed up this decline. Smoking can harm the fallopian tubes, where fertilisation typically occurs.

"This damage can interfere with the egg's journey from the ovary to the uterus, making conception difficult. Smoking can disrupt hormone levels essential for conception and pregnancy. It can affect estrogen production, which is crucial for the menstrual cycle and maintaining a healthy reproductive system. Smoking increases the risk of miscarriage. Smoking can reduce a woman's ovarian reserve, which refers to the number and quality of eggs available for fertilisation. Women who smoke may reach menopause earlier than non-smokers.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

In recent times, a concerning surge in reproductive health issues is evident among young women who smoke. A spectrum of concerns is affecting both teenagers and young professionals, typically between the ages of 20 and 40.

In recent times, a concerning surge in reproductive health issues is evident among young women who smoke. A spectrum of concerns is affecting both teenagers and young professionals, typically between the ages of 20 and 40. The act of smoking has been intricately linked to an array of potential reproductive health challenges, casting a shadow on the well-being of women and their future offspring. Here are some potential reproductive health issues smokers may face: Menstrual Irregularities: Smoking has been correlated with disruptions in the menstrual cycle, particularly among those with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Fertility Challenges: Smoking is connected to heightened difficulties in conception. Nicotine and other harmful substances in cigarettes can negatively impact the ovaries and disrupt hormonal balance, making conception more challenging. High-Risk Pregnancy & Complications: Pregnant women who smoke face an elevated risk of complications, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental issues. Exposure to second-hand smoke is also linked to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the developing foetus. Increased Risk of Miscarriage: Women smokers have a higher likelihood of experiencing miscarriages compared to non-smokers. The toxic components of cigarettes may compromise the viability of a developing pregnancy. Potential risk of Cervical Cancer: One of the third most common cancers in women worldwide, Cervical Cancer is a preventable disease. Smoking not only worsens the persistence of HPV, a well-known precursor to cervical cancer, but it also places an additional burden on the already complex landscape of women's health. Also read: World AIDS Day: Myths & facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Young women who smoke may unknowingly expose themselves to these risks, jeopardising their reproductive health and the health of potential future generations. "We have been noticing a significant uptick in reproductive health issues among young women who smoke, and it is crucial that we take proactive steps to address this trend. Approximately over 10 per cent of women presenting with various reproductive disorders are constant smokers. Many women adopt smoking and alcohol consumption as 'stress busters.' Smoking among young women not only threatens their health but also poses specific and alarming risks to their overall well-being," says Dr Prathima Reddy, Director & Lead Consultant-Obstetrics and Gynaecology at SPARSH Hospital, Bangalore. "It is crucial that we prioritise education, intervention, and support to mitigate these risks. We need to empower young women with knowledge about the potential risks they face and encourage them to make healthier lifestyle choices," adds Dr Prathima. Dr Samta Singhania, Infertility specialist, Obs & Gyne, Apollo Clinic, Pune, says, “Smoking can accelerate the loss of eggs, which can reduce fertility. Women are born with a set number of eggs that decrease over time, and smoking can speed up this decline. Smoking can harm the fallopian tubes, where fertilisation typically occurs. "This damage can interfere with the egg's journey from the ovary to the uterus, making conception difficult. Smoking can disrupt hormone levels essential for conception and pregnancy. It can affect estrogen production, which is crucial for the menstrual cycle and maintaining a healthy reproductive system. Smoking increases the risk of miscarriage. Smoking can reduce a woman's ovarian reserve, which refers to the number and quality of eggs available for fertilisation. Women who smoke may reach menopause earlier than non-smokers.”

There's an alarming link between smoking and reproductive health among young women

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that is typically caused by various pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. Pneumonia is of two types: bacterial and viral, and understanding the differences between them is important for effective diagnosis and treatment. This article delves into the differences between bacterial and viral pneumonia and their treatment and management.&nbsp;

<h2>Difference between Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia&nbsp;</h2>

1. Causative Agents: The most fundamental difference between bacterial and viral pneumonia lies in the causative agents. Bacterial pneumonia is caused by bacteria, while viral pneumonia is caused by viral infections. Understanding this differentiation is important because it affects treatment choices.

2. Symptoms: Both bacterial and viral pneumonia have common symptoms, including fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. However, bacterial pneumonia typically causes a high fever, productive cough with yellow or green mucus, and severe chest pain, while viral pneumonia may exhibit itself with a more gradual onset and flu-like symptoms.

3. Chest X-rays: Radiological imaging can provide insights that help in determining what kind of pneumonia it is. Bacterial pneumonia often presents with lobar consolidation, while viral pneumonia exhibits more diffuse infiltrates.

4. Duration: Bacterial pneumonia comparatively progresses more rapidly, whereas viral pneumonia may have a longer incubation period and a slower onset.

5. Treatment and Antibiotics: Antibiotics are effective in case of bacterial pneumonia but have no impact on viral pneumonia. Viral pneumonia treatment usually involves antiviral medications, rest, and supportive care. Treatment of bacterial pneumonia may require hospitalisation and intravenous antibiotics.

<h2>Treatment and Management of Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia&nbsp;</h2>

Bacterial Pneumonia:

Treatment for bacterial pneumonia generally starts with antibiotics tailored to the specific pathogen responsible. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be needed for intravenous antibiotics and close monitoring. Patients are advised to rest, stay hydrated, and manage symptoms with fever-reducing medications. Furthermore, oxygen therapy may be administered to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the blood.

Viral Pneumonia:

Treatment for Viral pneumonia is centred on managing symptoms and providing supportive care. Antiviral medications, like oseltamivir for influenza, can be prescribed. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter cough medicines may help in getting rid of the discomfort. Oxygen therapy is given to patients with breathing difficulties, and hospitalisation is necessary for severe cases.

<h2>Preventive Measures</h2>

Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some measures to help in preventing both types of pneumonia:

1. Vaccination:

&nbsp; &nbsp;- Bacterial Pneumonia: The pneumococcal vaccine, like Pneumovax or Prevnar, is available for adults and children to protect against the most common bacteria causing pneumonia.

&nbsp; &nbsp;- Viral Pneumonia: Annual influenza (flu) vaccination is important, as many cases of viral pneumonia are caused by influenza viruses. Furthermore, vaccines for other respiratory viruses like COVID-19 can help in reducing the risk of viral pneumonia.

2. Good Hygiene Practices:

&nbsp; &nbsp;- Handwashing: Frequently wash your hands with soap and water for at least 30 seconds, especially after being in public places and using public restroom. 
&nbsp; 
&nbsp; &nbsp;- Avoid Close Contact: Avoid contact from individuals who are sick, and practise social distancing during outbreaks of respiratory infections.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-aids-day-myths--facts-about-acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome-664981">World AIDS Day: Myths &amp; facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome</a>

3. Respiratory Etiquette:

&nbsp; &nbsp;Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or handkerchief while coughing or sneezing&nbsp;to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets that may contain infectious agents.

4. Avoid Smoking:

&nbsp; &nbsp;Smoking damages the lungs and impairs the body's ability to defend against infections. Avoiding smoking or getting exposed to secondhand smoke to reduce the risk of pneumonia.

5. Good Nutrition and Exercise:&nbsp;

&nbsp;Maintain a healthy lifestyle to boost your immune system's ability to fight off infections. Eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients, stay physically active, and get adequate rest.

6. Environmental Precautions:

&nbsp; &nbsp;Minimise exposure to environmental pollutants and toxins, like air pollution and hazardous chemicals, which can impair the respiratory system's defences.

7. Get Regular Health Checkups:

&nbsp; Regular checkups can help in identifying and managing underlying medical conditions that may increase your vulnerability to pneumonia.

8. Travel Precautions:

&nbsp;When travelling, particularly to areas with known outbreaks or high infection rates, follow local health guidelines and take all necessary precautions, like wearing masks and practising good hand hygiene.

9. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

During pandemics or in high-risk environments, wearing appropriate PPE, like masks and gloves, provides an additional layer of protection against respiratory infections.

By following these preventive measures, you can reduce your risk of both bacterial and viral pneumonia.

To sum up, understanding the key differences between bacterial and viral pneumonia is necessary for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Both types of pneumonia can be severe, and early detection is important. Preventive measures significantly reduce the risk of pneumonia. If you think you have pneumonia-like symptoms, seek immediate medical help to receive the appropriate care and management. Remember, pneumonia can be a serious condition, and getting the right treatment on time can make all the difference in a patient's recovery.

(Authored by&nbsp;Dr Arun Chowdary Kotaru, Consultant- &nbsp;Respiratory/ Pulmonology &amp; Sleep Medicine, Artemis Hospital Gurgaon)

Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content provided on this website should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem or disease. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, please contact your healthcare provider immediately. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on a website.

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that is typically caused by various pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. Pneumonia is of two types: bacterial and viral, and understanding the differences between them is important for effective diagnosis and treatment.

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that is typically caused by various pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. Pneumonia is of two types: bacterial and viral, and understanding the differences between them is important for effective diagnosis and treatment. This article delves into the differences between bacterial and viral pneumonia and their treatment and management. Difference between Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia 1. Causative Agents: The most fundamental difference between bacterial and viral pneumonia lies in the causative agents. Bacterial pneumonia is caused by bacteria, while viral pneumonia is caused by viral infections. Understanding this differentiation is important because it affects treatment choices. 2. Symptoms: Both bacterial and viral pneumonia have common symptoms, including fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. However, bacterial pneumonia typically causes a high fever, productive cough with yellow or green mucus, and severe chest pain, while viral pneumonia may exhibit itself with a more gradual onset and flu-like symptoms. 3. Chest X-rays: Radiological imaging can provide insights that help in determining what kind of pneumonia it is. Bacterial pneumonia often presents with lobar consolidation, while viral pneumonia exhibits more diffuse infiltrates. 4. Duration: Bacterial pneumonia comparatively progresses more rapidly, whereas viral pneumonia may have a longer incubation period and a slower onset. 5. Treatment and Antibiotics: Antibiotics are effective in case of bacterial pneumonia but have no impact on viral pneumonia. Viral pneumonia treatment usually involves antiviral medications, rest, and supportive care. Treatment of bacterial pneumonia may require hospitalisation and intravenous antibiotics. Treatment and Management of Bacterial and Viral Pneumonia Bacterial Pneumonia: Treatment for bacterial pneumonia generally starts with antibiotics tailored to the specific pathogen responsible. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be needed for intravenous antibiotics and close monitoring. Patients are advised to rest, stay hydrated, and manage symptoms with fever-reducing medications. Furthermore, oxygen therapy may be administered to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the blood. Viral Pneumonia: Treatment for Viral pneumonia is centred on managing symptoms and providing supportive care. Antiviral medications, like oseltamivir for influenza, can be prescribed. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter cough medicines may help in getting rid of the discomfort. Oxygen therapy is given to patients with breathing difficulties, and hospitalisation is necessary for severe cases. Preventive Measures Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some measures to help in preventing both types of pneumonia: 1. Vaccination: - Bacterial Pneumonia: The pneumococcal vaccine, like Pneumovax or Prevnar, is available for adults and children to protect against the most common bacteria causing pneumonia. - Viral Pneumonia: Annual influenza (flu) vaccination is important, as many cases of viral pneumonia are caused by influenza viruses. Furthermore, vaccines for other respiratory viruses like COVID-19 can help in reducing the risk of viral pneumonia. 2. Good Hygiene Practices: - Handwashing: Frequently wash your hands with soap and water for at least 30 seconds, especially after being in public places and using public restroom. - Avoid Close Contact: Avoid contact from individuals who are sick, and practise social distancing during outbreaks of respiratory infections. Also read: World AIDS Day: Myths & facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 3. Respiratory Etiquette: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or handkerchief while coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets that may contain infectious agents. 4. Avoid Smoking: Smoking damages the lungs and impairs the body's ability to defend against infections. Avoiding smoking or getting exposed to secondhand smoke to reduce the risk of pneumonia. 5. Good Nutrition and Exercise: Maintain a healthy lifestyle to boost your immune system's ability to fight off infections. Eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients, stay physically active, and get adequate rest. 6. Environmental Precautions: Minimise exposure to environmental pollutants and toxins, like air pollution and hazardous chemicals, which can impair the respiratory system's defences. 7. Get Regular Health Checkups: Regular checkups can help in identifying and managing underlying medical conditions that may increase your vulnerability to pneumonia. 8. Travel Precautions: When travelling, particularly to areas with known outbreaks or high infection rates, follow local health guidelines and take all necessary precautions, like wearing masks and practising good hand hygiene. 9. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): During pandemics or in high-risk environments, wearing appropriate PPE, like masks and gloves, provides an additional layer of protection against respiratory infections. By following these preventive measures, you can reduce your risk of both bacterial and viral pneumonia. To sum up, understanding the key differences between bacterial and viral pneumonia is necessary for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Both types of pneumonia can be severe, and early detection is important. Preventive measures significantly reduce the risk of pneumonia. If you think you have pneumonia-like symptoms, seek immediate medical help to receive the appropriate care and management. Remember, pneumonia can be a serious condition, and getting the right treatment on time can make all the difference in a patient's recovery. (Authored by Dr Arun Chowdary Kotaru, Consultant- Respiratory/ Pulmonology & Sleep Medicine, Artemis Hospital Gurgaon) Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The content provided on this website should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem or disease. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, please contact your healthcare provider immediately. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on a website.

Differentiating between bacterial and viral pneumonia: Treatment and management

In the global fight against HIV/AIDS, misconceptions and misinformation persist alongside the progress made in raising awareness and providing treatment. It's crucial to debunk myths surrounding this condition to promote accurate understanding and support those affected.

On World AIDS Day, which is observed every year on December 1, let's look at some common myths and the corresponding facts about AIDS:

Myth: AIDS can be transmitted through casual contact.

Fact: HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is not spread through everyday contact like hugging, shaking hands, or sharing utensils. It is transmitted through specific bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.

Myth: You can get HIV from mosquito bites.

Fact: HIV cannot be transmitted through mosquito bites. The virus does not survive or replicate in mosquitoes, and therefore cannot be spread this way.

Myth: HIV/AIDS only affects certain groups of people.

Fact: HIV/AIDS can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. It's a global health issue that impacts individuals from diverse backgrounds.

Myth: AIDS can be cured with antibiotics or herbal remedies.

Fact: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively manage HIV, there is currently no cure for AIDS. Antibiotics cannot eliminate the virus, and unproven herbal remedies do not provide a cure.

Myth: HIV/AIDS is a death sentence.

Fact: With advancements in medical treatment, people living with HIV can lead long and healthy lives. Early diagnosis, access to proper healthcare, and adherence to treatment significantly improve outcomes.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-puppy-eyeliner-latest-k-beauty-trend-is-taking-social-media-by-storm---heres-a-quick-guide-663789">Puppy eyeliner, latest K-beauty trend, is taking social media by storm - here's a quick guide</a>

Myth: HIV can be transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat.

Fact: HIV is not transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat, even if these fluids come into contact with someone who has the virus. It is not spread through casual contact or by sharing personal items.

Myth: You can tell if someone has HIV by their appearance.

Fact: There are no specific physical characteristics that indicate if someone has HIV. People living with HIV may appear healthy and show no visible signs of the virus.

Myth: Using condoms is not effective in preventing HIV transmission.

Fact: Correct and consistent use of condoms significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission during sexual activity. Additionally, PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a preventive measure for those at higher risk of HIV infection.

Myth: If the mother is HIV positive, the baby will also be HIV positive.

Fact:&nbsp;If a mother is positive, but is on treatment and has undetectable viral loads, then the chances of mother-to-child transmission are diminished. Besides, the child can be given antiretroviral treatment for several weeks after birth.&nbsp;Although HIV can be transmitted through breastfeeding, taking HIV medicines, and having an undetectable viral load during pregnancy and throughout breastfeeding lowers the risk of passing HIV to less than 1 per cent. Pregnant people with HIV should talk to their healthcare provider about options for feeding their baby.

Understanding the facts about HIV/AIDS is crucial in combating stigma, promoting prevention, and supporting those living with the virus. Education, awareness, and access to healthcare are fundamental in the global effort to control the spread of HIV and improve the lives of those affected by AIDS.

(With inputs from&nbsp;Dr&nbsp;Mala Kaneria- Consultant, Infectious Diseases, Jaslok Hospital &amp; Research Centre, Mumbai)

In the global fight against HIV/AIDS, misconceptions and misinformation persist alongside the progress made in raising awareness and providing treatment. It's crucial to debunk myths surrounding this condition to promote accurate understanding and support those affected.

In the global fight against HIV/AIDS, misconceptions and misinformation persist alongside the progress made in raising awareness and providing treatment. It's crucial to debunk myths surrounding this condition to promote accurate understanding and support those affected. On World AIDS Day, which is observed every year on December 1, let's look at some common myths and the corresponding facts about AIDS: Myth: AIDS can be transmitted through casual contact. Fact: HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is not spread through everyday contact like hugging, shaking hands, or sharing utensils. It is transmitted through specific bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Myth: You can get HIV from mosquito bites. Fact: HIV cannot be transmitted through mosquito bites. The virus does not survive or replicate in mosquitoes, and therefore cannot be spread this way. Myth: HIV/AIDS only affects certain groups of people. Fact: HIV/AIDS can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. It's a global health issue that impacts individuals from diverse backgrounds. Myth: AIDS can be cured with antibiotics or herbal remedies. Fact: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively manage HIV, there is currently no cure for AIDS. Antibiotics cannot eliminate the virus, and unproven herbal remedies do not provide a cure. Myth: HIV/AIDS is a death sentence. Fact: With advancements in medical treatment, people living with HIV can lead long and healthy lives. Early diagnosis, access to proper healthcare, and adherence to treatment significantly improve outcomes. Also read: Puppy eyeliner, latest K-beauty trend, is taking social media by storm - here's a quick guide Myth: HIV can be transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat. Fact: HIV is not transmitted through saliva, tears, or sweat, even if these fluids come into contact with someone who has the virus. It is not spread through casual contact or by sharing personal items. Myth: You can tell if someone has HIV by their appearance. Fact: There are no specific physical characteristics that indicate if someone has HIV. People living with HIV may appear healthy and show no visible signs of the virus. Myth: Using condoms is not effective in preventing HIV transmission. Fact: Correct and consistent use of condoms significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission during sexual activity. Additionally, PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a preventive measure for those at higher risk of HIV infection. Myth: If the mother is HIV positive, the baby will also be HIV positive. Fact: If a mother is positive, but is on treatment and has undetectable viral loads, then the chances of mother-to-child transmission are diminished. Besides, the child can be given antiretroviral treatment for several weeks after birth. Although HIV can be transmitted through breastfeeding, taking HIV medicines, and having an undetectable viral load during pregnancy and throughout breastfeeding lowers the risk of passing HIV to less than 1 per cent. Pregnant people with HIV should talk to their healthcare provider about options for feeding their baby. Understanding the facts about HIV/AIDS is crucial in combating stigma, promoting prevention, and supporting those living with the virus. Education, awareness, and access to healthcare are fundamental in the global effort to control the spread of HIV and improve the lives of those affected by AIDS. (With inputs from Dr Mala Kaneria- Consultant, Infectious Diseases, Jaslok Hospital & Research Centre, Mumbai)

World AIDS Day: Myths & facts about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

A 35-year-old man in Vietnam, who suffered severe headaches for five months, was left dumbfounded when he discovered that the cause of his discomfort was a pair of chopsticks firmly lodged in his skull.

He had visited the Cuba Friendship Hospital in Dong Hoi on November 25. He complained of headaches and fluid discharge.

CT scans conducted by doctors unveiled a rare and potentially life-threatening condition known as tension pneumocephalus, marked by a dangerous increase in intracranial pressure - the pressure within the skull and the brain tissue.

The skull, being a rigid structure, contains the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood. The balance between these components helps maintain a stable intracranial pressure.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/dead-girl-sold-for-9300-as-ghost-bride-in-china-whats-this-spine-chilling-chinese-tradition-664611">Dead girl sold for $9,300 as ‘ghost bride’ in China. What's this spine-chilling Chinese tradition?</a>

A subsequent examination revealed an extraordinary source of the man's suffering—a pair of chopsticks penetrating up his nose and into his brain.

Dr Nguyen Van Man, the head of the Department of Neurosurgery, reportedly deemed the case "very rare."

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/angolan-woman-billionaire-battles-736m-asset-freeze-alleges-political-persecution-664597">Angolan woman billionaire battles $736mn asset freeze, alleges political persecution</a>

<h2>A brawl five months ago&nbsp;</h2>

The patient, initially puzzled about how eating utensils made their way into his skull, recalled a night of revelry in Vietnam five months prior. During a blurry brawl fueled by drinks, someone had thrust an unknown object into his face. But he only has fragmented memories of the incident.&nbsp;

<section>
Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/lottery-sales-in-china-reach-665-billion-in-october-664544">Lottery sales in China reach $6.65 billion in October</a>

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/lottery-sales-in-china-reach-665-billion-in-october-664544/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>
</div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

When the man initially sought medical attention after the altercation, doctors found no chopsticks or nasal abnormalities.

Looking back, the patient pieced together the puzzle, speculating that he had been jabbed in the nose with the culinary tools, unknowingly carrying them in his skull until the revelation.
</section>

Fortunately, skilled surgeons successfully removed the chopsticks through endoscopic surgery via the nose.

Employing microsurgery, they sealed the fistula—an abnormal connection between the artery and vein in brain and spinal cord tissue. The patient, now in stable condition, is eagerly awaiting discharge from the hospital, finally free from the headaches of chopsticks.

(With inputs from agencies)

&nbsp;

A 35-year-old man in Vietnam, who suffered severe headaches for five months, was left dumbfounded when he discovered that the cause of his discomfort was a pair of chopsticks firmly lodged in his skull.

A 35-year-old man in Vietnam, who suffered severe headaches for five months, was left dumbfounded when he discovered that the cause of his discomfort was a pair of chopsticks firmly lodged in his skull. He had visited the Cuba Friendship Hospital in Dong Hoi on November 25. He complained of headaches and fluid discharge. CT scans conducted by doctors unveiled a rare and potentially life-threatening condition known as tension pneumocephalus, marked by a dangerous increase in intracranial pressure - the pressure within the skull and the brain tissue. The skull, being a rigid structure, contains the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood. The balance between these components helps maintain a stable intracranial pressure. Also Read | Dead girl sold for $9,300 as ‘ghost bride’ in China. What's this spine-chilling Chinese tradition? A subsequent examination revealed an extraordinary source of the man's suffering—a pair of chopsticks penetrating up his nose and into his brain. Dr Nguyen Van Man, the head of the Department of Neurosurgery, reportedly deemed the case "very rare." Also Read | Angolan woman billionaire battles $736mn asset freeze, alleges political persecution A brawl five months ago The patient, initially puzzled about how eating utensils made their way into his skull, recalled a night of revelry in Vietnam five months prior. During a blurry brawl fueled by drinks, someone had thrust an unknown object into his face. But he only has fragmented memories of the incident. Watch | Lottery sales in China reach $6.65 billion in October × When the man initially sought medical attention after the altercation, doctors found no chopsticks or nasal abnormalities. Looking back, the patient pieced together the puzzle, speculating that he had been jabbed in the nose with the culinary tools, unknowingly carrying them in his skull until the revelation. Fortunately, skilled surgeons successfully removed the chopsticks through endoscopic surgery via the nose. Employing microsurgery, they sealed the fistula—an abnormal connection between the artery and vein in brain and spinal cord tissue. The patient, now in stable condition, is eagerly awaiting discharge from the hospital, finally free from the headaches of chopsticks. (With inputs from agencies)

Chopsticks in skull cause headaches for Vietnamese man for 5 months. Then he remembered this...

Health scare has emerged from UK. Even as the respiratory illness in China raises global alarm,an incident in UK has put authorities on guard.

UK: Health scare in United Kingdom due to swine flu

In the wake of the sudden rise in respiratory illnesses in China, India asks states and union territories to review the preparedness of their health infrastructure.

India on alert after China's rising respiratory illness

China has urged caution as it faces a significant increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly in schools and hospitals.

Respiratory illnesses in China: What we know so far

Diabetes has become a global concern today affecting approximately 422 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).&nbsp;Both men and women with diabetes encounter challenges related to fertility, pregnancy, and sexual health. It can cause adverse effects on sperm, embryo quality, and DNA integrity. This stems from the body's inability to effectively regulate glucose levels, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels.

For men, diabetes has been linked with low sperm production, reduced sex drive, decreased testosterone and can even lead to retrograde ejaculation. Diabetes in women can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and ovulation issues making conception difficult.

Glucose is a crucial element of one’s body, and insulin acts as the key to unlocking cells, allowing them to absorb and use this vital energy source. When this process falters, as in the case of diabetes, it can result in symptoms like heightened thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue.

The long-term impact of consistently elevated blood sugar levels is concerning. It can lead to damage in blood vessels, nerves, and organs throughout the body, giving rise to various health complications. Managing diabetes effectively becomes crucial not only for symptom relief but also for preventing these potential complications and maintaining overall well-being.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-can-diabetes-affect-your-reproductive-health-medical-expert-answers--diabetes-awareness-month-2023-662710">Can Diabetes affect your reproductive health? Medical expert answers | Diabetes Awareness Month 2023</a>

Steps to ensure sexual health and well-being include:

Professional Guidance: Embarking on a successful pregnancy journey requires a foundation of mutual understanding and support. The initial step involves open communication with a healthcare professional. For those managing diabetes with medications or hypoglycemic agents, consulting with a doctor is paramount to determine the optimal and safe time for conception.

Regulate Blood Sugar Levels: In order to effectively manage gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, it is crucial to control your blood levels. Regular insulin checks and timely follow-ups are key to mitigating risks associated with diabetes while simultaneously improving conception chances.

Underlying Medical Conditions: Addressing any additional health concerns, such as those related to the heart, kidneys, or liver due to diabetes, is crucial before stepping into parenthood. Tackling these issues beforehand is essential as they can be dangerous during one’s fertility journey.&nbsp;

Exercises: Incorporating exercise into your routine is a valuable aspect of maintaining overall health and improving fertility rates. However, it's equally crucial to consult with your healthcare professional to ensure that your chosen physical activities align with your specific health needs and are safe for you. As part of a well-rounded approach to health, consider including Kegel and pelvic exercises. These exercises not only contribute to overall physical fitness but can also be particularly beneficial for enhancing sexual well-being.

Well-balanced Diet: A nutritious diet plays a pivotal role in effectively managing diabetes and promoting fertility. For women aiming to enhance both aspects, a well-rounded diet should encompass a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean protein sources, and healthy grains. It's advisable to restrict the consumption of calorie-dense, high-fat meals, and sugary beverages.

Paying Heed to Menstrual Cycles: Paying attention to the menstrual cycle is a key aspect of holistic health, especially for individuals managing diabetes. The menstrual cycle can indeed influence blood sugar levels by affecting the sensitivity of glucose and insulin, subsequently impacting metabolism.

Stress Reduction: Indulging in stress-reduction activities such as Yoga, meditation, and journaling helps facilitate sexual well-being.

Healthy Sleep Routine: Sleep is an important aspect of ensuring optimal health and well-being. A sound sleep for 6-8 hours is crucial for maintaining sexual and overall well-being.

(With inputs from&nbsp;Dr Sandeep Talwar, Infertility Specialist, Nova IVF Fertility, Vasant Vihar)

Diabetes has become a global concern today affecting approximately 422 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Both men and women with diabetes encounter challenges related to fertility, pregnancy, and sexual health.

Diabetes has become a global concern today affecting approximately 422 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Both men and women with diabetes encounter challenges related to fertility, pregnancy, and sexual health. It can cause adverse effects on sperm, embryo quality, and DNA integrity. This stems from the body's inability to effectively regulate glucose levels, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels. For men, diabetes has been linked with low sperm production, reduced sex drive, decreased testosterone and can even lead to retrograde ejaculation. Diabetes in women can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and ovulation issues making conception difficult. Glucose is a crucial element of one’s body, and insulin acts as the key to unlocking cells, allowing them to absorb and use this vital energy source. When this process falters, as in the case of diabetes, it can result in symptoms like heightened thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. The long-term impact of consistently elevated blood sugar levels is concerning. It can lead to damage in blood vessels, nerves, and organs throughout the body, giving rise to various health complications. Managing diabetes effectively becomes crucial not only for symptom relief but also for preventing these potential complications and maintaining overall well-being. Also read: Can Diabetes affect your reproductive health? Medical expert answers | Diabetes Awareness Month 2023 Steps to ensure sexual health and well-being include: Professional Guidance: Embarking on a successful pregnancy journey requires a foundation of mutual understanding and support. The initial step involves open communication with a healthcare professional. For those managing diabetes with medications or hypoglycemic agents, consulting with a doctor is paramount to determine the optimal and safe time for conception. Regulate Blood Sugar Levels: In order to effectively manage gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, it is crucial to control your blood levels. Regular insulin checks and timely follow-ups are key to mitigating risks associated with diabetes while simultaneously improving conception chances. Underlying Medical Conditions: Addressing any additional health concerns, such as those related to the heart, kidneys, or liver due to diabetes, is crucial before stepping into parenthood. Tackling these issues beforehand is essential as they can be dangerous during one’s fertility journey. Exercises: Incorporating exercise into your routine is a valuable aspect of maintaining overall health and improving fertility rates. However, it's equally crucial to consult with your healthcare professional to ensure that your chosen physical activities align with your specific health needs and are safe for you. As part of a well-rounded approach to health, consider including Kegel and pelvic exercises. These exercises not only contribute to overall physical fitness but can also be particularly beneficial for enhancing sexual well-being. Well-balanced Diet: A nutritious diet plays a pivotal role in effectively managing diabetes and promoting fertility. For women aiming to enhance both aspects, a well-rounded diet should encompass a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean protein sources, and healthy grains. It's advisable to restrict the consumption of calorie-dense, high-fat meals, and sugary beverages. Paying Heed to Menstrual Cycles: Paying attention to the menstrual cycle is a key aspect of holistic health, especially for individuals managing diabetes. The menstrual cycle can indeed influence blood sugar levels by affecting the sensitivity of glucose and insulin, subsequently impacting metabolism. Stress Reduction: Indulging in stress-reduction activities such as Yoga, meditation, and journaling helps facilitate sexual well-being. Healthy Sleep Routine: Sleep is an important aspect of ensuring optimal health and well-being. A sound sleep for 6-8 hours is crucial for maintaining sexual and overall well-being. (With inputs from Dr Sandeep Talwar, Infertility Specialist, Nova IVF Fertility, Vasant Vihar)

Fertility and diabetes: Steps diabetic people can take to ensure sexual health

Diabetes is a fast-growing concern with 1 in every 11 adults of the world population being diagnosed with Type 1 &amp; 2 diabetes and the prevalence is expected to reach 700 million by 2045. Recent studies suggest a troubling 50 per cent projected increase in Type 1 diabetes cases among younger populations over the next decade.

Type 1 diabetes is autoimmune where the insulin-producing cells are damaged. When these blood sugar levels are not controlled or treated, they escalate and result in type 2 diabetes, where the pancreas struggles to produce sufficient insulin required to control these blood levels. Beyond the evident risks of cardiac issues, kidney damage, and obesity, diabetes can also pose serious threats to reproductive health, according to medical experts.

From Blood Glucose to Fatherhood: Diabetes and Male Fertility

Diabetes has also been linked to ejaculation problems and infections like balanitis. Men with diabetes may also experience diminished sexual drive or libido due to the impact of high blood sugar levels on the nervous system and hormonal levels, influencing testosterone levels. Insufficient testosterone levels can result in a decreased interest in sexual activities and related issues.

Speaking to WION, Dr Parul Gupta Khanna (Infertility Specialist, Nova IVF Fertility, Gurugram) highlighted, "Diabetes has also been associated with low sperm production and motility which makes conception difficult. Additionally, elevated blood sugar levels can induce DNA damage by causing fragmentation in DNA, leading to genetic mutations and deletions that might influence embryo quality and elevate the risk of birth defects. Diabetes can also cause Retrograde ejaculation, hindering nerves’ control over the bladder muscles during ejaculation, causing semen to enter the bladder instead of exiting through the penis."

Beyond Blood Sugar: Diabetes and the Complex Landscape of Female Fertility

"Diabetes leads to a spectrum of reproductive health issues, affecting aspects such as delayed puberty, irregular menstrual cycles, subfertility, unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, and even amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) and the onset of early menopause. It can also raise the likelihood of developing PCOS and worsen its symptoms. In addition to impacting uterine lining and egg quality, elevated blood sugar levels can harm fertility and surge the risk of miscarriage. Furthermore, women with diabetes are also at a greater risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy," said Dr Parul.

"Vaginal dryness is yet another challenging issue for women with diabetes, often resulting in painful intercourse. The underlying cause may be nerve damage affecting the lubrication of the vagina, particularly during or after menopause when low estrogen levels come into play," the medical expert added.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-celebrity-hair-transplant-surgeons-reveal-the-secret-behind-mohammed-shamis-hair-transformation-660392">Celebrity hair transplant surgeons reveal the secret behind Mohammed Shami's hair transformation</a>

Bridging the Gap: A Guide to Diabetes Care for Optimal Fertility

Some strategies for managing diabetes and promoting reproductive health are:

Medication and Insulin Therapy: Consistent adherence to prescribed medications and insulin regimens is crucial for maintaining optimal blood sugar levels.

Balanced Diet: Adopting a nutritious, well-rounded diet ensures a steady supply of essential nutrients, aiding in weight management and overall health.

Regular Exercise: Incorporating physical activity not only helps in weight control but also enhances insulin sensitivity, contributing to better blood sugar management. Kegel and pelvic exercises are a great start &nbsp;to facilitate sexual well-being

Lifestyle Modifications: Implementing lifestyle changes, such as monitoring carbohydrate intake and regular meal planning, can contribute significantly to blood sugar control.

Addressing Underlying Health Conditions: Treating underlying medical conditions is as crucial as managing fertility and improving fertility rates. Women battling underlying issues like PCOS and obesity and men navigating lower sperm production should take prescriptions on time.&nbsp;

Diabetes is a fast-growing concern with 1 in every 11 adults of the world population being diagnosed with Type 1 & 2 diabetes and the prevalence is expected to reach 700 million by 2045.

Diabetes is a fast-growing concern with 1 in every 11 adults of the world population being diagnosed with Type 1 & 2 diabetes and the prevalence is expected to reach 700 million by 2045. Recent studies suggest a troubling 50 per cent projected increase in Type 1 diabetes cases among younger populations over the next decade. Type 1 diabetes is autoimmune where the insulin-producing cells are damaged. When these blood sugar levels are not controlled or treated, they escalate and result in type 2 diabetes, where the pancreas struggles to produce sufficient insulin required to control these blood levels. Beyond the evident risks of cardiac issues, kidney damage, and obesity, diabetes can also pose serious threats to reproductive health, according to medical experts. From Blood Glucose to Fatherhood: Diabetes and Male Fertility Diabetes has also been linked to ejaculation problems and infections like balanitis. Men with diabetes may also experience diminished sexual drive or libido due to the impact of high blood sugar levels on the nervous system and hormonal levels, influencing testosterone levels. Insufficient testosterone levels can result in a decreased interest in sexual activities and related issues. Speaking to WION, Dr Parul Gupta Khanna (Infertility Specialist, Nova IVF Fertility, Gurugram) highlighted, "Diabetes has also been associated with low sperm production and motility which makes conception difficult. Additionally, elevated blood sugar levels can induce DNA damage by causing fragmentation in DNA, leading to genetic mutations and deletions that might influence embryo quality and elevate the risk of birth defects. Diabetes can also cause Retrograde ejaculation, hindering nerves’ control over the bladder muscles during ejaculation, causing semen to enter the bladder instead of exiting through the penis." Beyond Blood Sugar: Diabetes and the Complex Landscape of Female Fertility "Diabetes leads to a spectrum of reproductive health issues, affecting aspects such as delayed puberty, irregular menstrual cycles, subfertility, unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, and even amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) and the onset of early menopause. It can also raise the likelihood of developing PCOS and worsen its symptoms. In addition to impacting uterine lining and egg quality, elevated blood sugar levels can harm fertility and surge the risk of miscarriage. Furthermore, women with diabetes are also at a greater risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy," said Dr Parul. "Vaginal dryness is yet another challenging issue for women with diabetes, often resulting in painful intercourse. The underlying cause may be nerve damage affecting the lubrication of the vagina, particularly during or after menopause when low estrogen levels come into play," the medical expert added. Also read: Celebrity hair transplant surgeons reveal the secret behind Mohammed Shami's hair transformation Bridging the Gap: A Guide to Diabetes Care for Optimal Fertility Some strategies for managing diabetes and promoting reproductive health are: Medication and Insulin Therapy: Consistent adherence to prescribed medications and insulin regimens is crucial for maintaining optimal blood sugar levels. Balanced Diet: Adopting a nutritious, well-rounded diet ensures a steady supply of essential nutrients, aiding in weight management and overall health. Regular Exercise: Incorporating physical activity not only helps in weight control but also enhances insulin sensitivity, contributing to better blood sugar management. Kegel and pelvic exercises are a great start to facilitate sexual well-being Lifestyle Modifications: Implementing lifestyle changes, such as monitoring carbohydrate intake and regular meal planning, can contribute significantly to blood sugar control. Addressing Underlying Health Conditions: Treating underlying medical conditions is as crucial as managing fertility and improving fertility rates. Women battling underlying issues like PCOS and obesity and men navigating lower sperm production should take prescriptions on time.

Can diabetes affect your reproductive health? Medical expert answers | Diabetes Awareness Month 2023

Health experts often explain the benefits of healthy eating habits and also ask us to follow a well-balanced diet for well-being. But research suggests that healthy eating will not only improve the present, but also the future.&nbsp;

Results of the latest study, published in the journal <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00868-w">Nature Food</a>, found that if a person switches to a healthy diet and sticks to it, he/she can add up to 10 years to your life.&nbsp;

The findings were published after the researchers analysed food intake data and health outcomes of nearly half a million residents in the United Kingdom.&nbsp;

This long-running study, titled "Life expectancy can increase by up to 10 years following sustained shifts towards healthier diets in the United Kingdom", was published on Nov 20.&nbsp;

Lars Fadnes, who is a public health researcher at the University of Bergen in Norway, led the team of researchers who studied the life expectancy of some 467,354 people.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/when-eyes-talk-to-ear-microphones-in-ear-canal-can-tell-where-a-person-is-looking-662333">When eyes 'talk' to ear: Microphones in ear canal can tell where a person&nbsp;is&nbsp;looking</a>&nbsp;

For this UK Biobank study, which started in 2006, all the residents documented their eating habits.&nbsp;

The researchers identified healthy and unhealthy eaters, as well as persons whose food intake matched the UK's Eatwell Guide. They also studied those who followed a diet termed the longevity diet.&nbsp;

"We show that sustained dietary change from unhealthy dietary patterns to the Eatwell Guide dietary recommendations is associated with 8.9 and 8.6 years gain in life expectancy for 40-year-old males and females, respectively," the researchers wrote in the study.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/japanese-sea-worms-detach-rear-end-to-swim-in-search-of-romance-reveals-study-662421">Japanese sea worms detach rear end to swim in search of romance, reveals study</a>&nbsp;

<h2>'Exciting, but not surprising'&nbsp;</h2>

The study noted that in the same population, sustained dietary change from unhealthy to longevity-related eating patterns is associated with a 10.8 and 10.4 years rise in life expectancy in males and females, respectively, in the same population.&nbsp;

The study mentioned that the maximum gains are obtained from consuming more whole grains, nuts and fruits and less sugar-sweetened beverages and processed meats.&nbsp;

"Understanding the contribution of sustained dietary changes to life expectancy can provide guidance for the development of health policies," it added.&nbsp;

The study author Katherine Livingstone of Deakin University, told ScienceAlert: "It's exciting, but not surprising, to see the enormous health benefits of making dietary changes."&nbsp;

"This work is important as it demonstrates that it's never too late to make small and sustained changes towards a healthier diet," added Livingstone, who is also the study author.&nbsp;

Health experts often explain the benefits of healthy eating habits and also ask us to follow a well-balanced diet for well-being. But research suggests that healthy eating will not only improve the present, but also the future.

Health experts often explain the benefits of healthy eating habits and also ask us to follow a well-balanced diet for well-being. But research suggests that healthy eating will not only improve the present, but also the future. Results of the latest study, published in the journal Nature Food, found that if a person switches to a healthy diet and sticks to it, he/she can add up to 10 years to your life. The findings were published after the researchers analysed food intake data and health outcomes of nearly half a million residents in the United Kingdom. This long-running study, titled "Life expectancy can increase by up to 10 years following sustained shifts towards healthier diets in the United Kingdom", was published on Nov 20. Lars Fadnes, who is a public health researcher at the University of Bergen in Norway, led the team of researchers who studied the life expectancy of some 467,354 people. Also read: When eyes 'talk' to ear: Microphones in ear canal can tell where a person is looking For this UK Biobank study, which started in 2006, all the residents documented their eating habits. The researchers identified healthy and unhealthy eaters, as well as persons whose food intake matched the UK's Eatwell Guide. They also studied those who followed a diet termed the longevity diet. "We show that sustained dietary change from unhealthy dietary patterns to the Eatwell Guide dietary recommendations is associated with 8.9 and 8.6 years gain in life expectancy for 40-year-old males and females, respectively," the researchers wrote in the study. Also read: Japanese sea worms detach rear end to swim in search of romance, reveals study 'Exciting, but not surprising' The study noted that in the same population, sustained dietary change from unhealthy to longevity-related eating patterns is associated with a 10.8 and 10.4 years rise in life expectancy in males and females, respectively, in the same population. The study mentioned that the maximum gains are obtained from consuming more whole grains, nuts and fruits and less sugar-sweetened beverages and processed meats. "Understanding the contribution of sustained dietary changes to life expectancy can provide guidance for the development of health policies," it added. The study author Katherine Livingstone of Deakin University, told ScienceAlert: "It's exciting, but not surprising, to see the enormous health benefits of making dietary changes." "This work is important as it demonstrates that it's never too late to make small and sustained changes towards a healthier diet," added Livingstone, who is also the study author.

Making these changes in your diet can add 10 years to your life

Imagine having a digital twin that makes it possible for you to receive the right medical treatment. This video answers the question - how would that be possible?

Cancer patients get 'digital twins' for personalised treatments | World News | WION

health

Health, News on Health, stories on Health, articles on Health, Health stories at Wion, Health news, Health latest news