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Our parents grew up in a world without smartphones, tablets, or social media. However, we can hardly imagine our lives without them. In today’s world, digital devices have become a part of everyday life. From educational apps to games and entertainment, many children are increasingly using these devices. While technology can help support learning, creativity, and communication, health experts warn that prolonged exposure to screens can have harmful effects for children.The challenge has become even more distinct as dual-income households become increasingly common, where both parents are engaged in full-time professions. Many parents turn to phones and televisions to keep their young children occupied as they juggle multiple responsibilities. While the screens provide a breather for the parents, health professionals caution that excessive reliance on them may have unintended consequences for a child’s development.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-science-behind-why-you-keep-scrolling-and-how-it-rewires-your-brain-1781455009989">The science behind why you keep scrolling – and how it rewires your brain</a><h2>What health experts say</h2>Speaking to WION, pediatricians highlighted the potential risks associated with excessive screen exposure during childhood.Dr Sujatha Thyagarajan, Lead &amp; HOD - Pediatric Intensive Care and Pediatric Emergency, Aster Whitefield Hospital, said that during growing years, too much exposure to screens can hinder attention span, language learning, and sleep quality. It can also have an impact on social development and how kids manage their emotions.“Children learn better when they do real-world stuff, get in physical play, and have face-to-face conversations,” Dr Thyagarajan said.Dr Rakshay Shetty, Clinical Director, Pediatric Services Head, Pediatric Intensive Care Services, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Marathahalli, highlighted that excess screen exposure can also lower physical activity and reduce in-person contact, which is essential for emotional and cognitive growth of children.“Little kids usually learn best by doing things in the real world, through play, and through direct human engagement, not just videos,” he said.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/the-impossible-balance-how-working-mothers-navigate-parenting-careers-and-family-life-1782210405382">The impossible balance: How working mothers navigate parenting, careers and family life</a><h2>How much screen time is recommended for children?</h2>Health experts recommend that screen time for children below 2 years should only be limited to video calls. For kids aged 2-5 years, screen use should stay around an hour a day, under adult supervision.Dr Nitin M, Consultant - Pediatrician and Neonatologist, Motherhood Hospitals, Electronic City, Bengaluru, explained, “Too much screen time stimulates the brain excessively and may harm a child’s development regarding attention span, language learning, and emotional control. In children younger than eighteen months, screen time should not exceed video chatting. However, between ages two and five years, good television programs should not exceed one hour daily.”“For older children, the ‘right’ boundaries should make sure screens don’t interfere with sleep, exercise, homework, or family back and forth. Parental direction, plus balanced use, is the key part here, overall,” said Dr Rakshay Shetty, Clinical Director, Pediatric Services Head, Pediatric Intensive Care Services, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Marathahalli.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/wion-decodes-why-does-coffee-calm-some-people-instead-of-waking-them-up-here-s-what-science-says-1780995139137">WION Decodes | Why does coffee calm some people instead of waking them up? Here’s what science says</a><h2>Are educational apps really beneficial?</h2>When asked whether applications that claim to be educational are helpful for young children, health experts stated that while they can support learning when used in moderation. However, they cautioned that not every app provides a learning experience.“Educational apps can be beneficial, if they are well designed, and kind of age-appropriate, and also used in moderation. They can support learning by boosting skills like reading, mathematics, problem-solving, and even creativity with interactive activities,” Dr Shetty said.He added, “But not every educational app really gives a solid learning experience. Some lean a lot on entertainment features, rewards, and repetitive tasks, which can make kids feel like they are being productive, yet still not really build deep understanding or critical thinking.”Dr Thyagarajan highlighted that children learn best when getting hands-on exploration, playful imagination, story time, storytelling, plus actual conversation and social interaction.“So, technology should be more like a complement to learning, not a stand-in for real human engagement, or for the everyday experiences outside the screen,” she said.

As digital devices become an integral part of childhood, parents are increasingly grappling with questions about screen time, technology use and healthy habits. Here's what experts say.

Our parents grew up in a world without smartphones, tablets, or social media. However, we can hardly imagine our lives without them. In today’s world, digital devices have become a part of everyday life. From educational apps to games and entertainment, many children are increasingly using these devices. While technology can help support learning, creativity, and communication, health experts warn that prolonged exposure to screens can have harmful effects for children. The challenge has become even more distinct as dual-income households become increasingly common, where both parents are engaged in full-time professions. Many parents turn to phones and televisions to keep their young children occupied as they juggle multiple responsibilities. While the screens provide a breather for the parents, health professionals caution that excessive reliance on them may have unintended consequences for a child’s development. Also read | The science behind why you keep scrolling – and how it rewires your brain What health experts say Speaking to WION, pediatricians highlighted the potential risks associated with excessive screen exposure during childhood. Dr Sujatha Thyagarajan, Lead & HOD - Pediatric Intensive Care and Pediatric Emergency, Aster Whitefield Hospital, said that during growing years, too much exposure to screens can hinder attention span, language learning, and sleep quality. It can also have an impact on social development and how kids manage their emotions. “Children learn better when they do real-world stuff, get in physical play, and have face-to-face conversations,” Dr Thyagarajan said. Dr Rakshay Shetty, Clinical Director, Pediatric Services Head, Pediatric Intensive Care Services, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Marathahalli, highlighted that excess screen exposure can also lower physical activity and reduce in-person contact, which is essential for emotional and cognitive growth of children. “Little kids usually learn best by doing things in the real world, through play, and through direct human engagement, not just videos,” he said. Also read | The impossible balance: How working mothers navigate parenting, careers and family life How much screen time is recommended for children? Health experts recommend that screen time for children below 2 years should only be limited to video calls. For kids aged 2-5 years, screen use should stay around an hour a day, under adult supervision. Dr Nitin M, Consultant - Pediatrician and Neonatologist, Motherhood Hospitals, Electronic City, Bengaluru, explained, “Too much screen time stimulates the brain excessively and may harm a child’s development regarding attention span, language learning, and emotional control. In children younger than eighteen months, screen time should not exceed video chatting. However, between ages two and five years, good television programs should not exceed one hour daily.” “For older children, the ‘right’ boundaries should make sure screens don’t interfere with sleep, exercise, homework, or family back and forth. Parental direction, plus balanced use, is the key part here, overall,” said Dr Rakshay Shetty, Clinical Director, Pediatric Services Head, Pediatric Intensive Care Services, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Marathahalli. Also read | WION Decodes | Why does coffee calm some people instead of waking them up? Here’s what science says Are educational apps really beneficial? When asked whether applications that claim to be educational are helpful for young children, health experts stated that while they can support learning when used in moderation. However, they cautioned that not every app provides a learning experience. “Educational apps can be beneficial, if they are well designed, and kind of age-appropriate, and also used in moderation. They can support learning by boosting skills like reading, mathematics, problem-solving, and even creativity with interactive activities,” Dr Shetty said. He added, “But not every educational app really gives a solid learning experience. Some lean a lot on entertainment features, rewards, and repetitive tasks, which can make kids feel like they are being productive, yet still not really build deep understanding or critical thinking.” Dr Thyagarajan highlighted that children learn best when getting hands-on exploration, playful imagination, story time, storytelling, plus actual conversation and social interaction. “So, technology should be more like a complement to learning, not a stand-in for real human engagement, or for the everyday experiences outside the screen,” she said.

As digital devices become an integral part of childhood, parents are increasingly grappling with questions about screen time, technology use and healthy habits. Here's what experts say.

How much screen time is too much for children? Experts reveal how digital devices affect young minds

Europe’s heatwave could lead to major economic consequences, researchers have found. However, India is already suffering from it as temperatures have been soaring and the monsoon has remained stalled for nearly two weeks. According to a study by Climate Analytics, average household incomes drop by almost 3 per cent across Europe due to heat-and-drought events. For India, where a massive informal workforce exists, and sectors like agriculture heavily rely on the climate, the effects will be amplified manifold.&nbsp;&nbsp;Much research shows that rising temperatures directly impact the pockets of the common man. A World Bank working paper analysed subnational data and found that even a rise of 1 degree Celsius can cause a significant rise in local poverty and inequality indices.&nbsp;According to a study by Emerging Investigators, there is a significant negative relationship between heat waves and household income. The researchers found that the strongest negative correlation existed between heat waves and agricultural income, meaning that the agricultural sector was severely impacted by heat waves.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/europe-s-heatwaves-threaten-to-push-127-million-into-poverty-by-2100-1782369833103">Europe's heatwaves threaten to push 127 million into poverty by 2100, study finds</a>&nbsp;“A severe heatwave is not merely a climatic event; it is an economic shock that lowers productivity, damages crops, increases expenditure on food, electricity and healthcare, and steadily erodes the financial resilience of Indian households,” Prof. (Dr.) Sanjay Kumar, Vice Chancellor, Rayat Bahra University, said.&nbsp;For nearly 90 per cent of India's workforce in the informal sector, such as construction workers, street vendors, and agricultural labourers, heat stress will lead them to miss work, meaning a complete loss of daily wages.&nbsp;<h2>Agricultural impact</h2>The agricultural shock would be massive as extreme temperatures damage crop yields. Researchers from Cambridge estimate that record heatwaves put over 90 per cent of India's population at risk of losing income, going hungry, or facing severe health risks. With Super El Niño already having taken hold ot he the globe, droughts are expected. The monsoon in India was already delayed. The combined toll of heatwaves and droughts on agriculture could be immense.<h2>Food costs</h2> Food inflation is another fallout of extreme heat. As crops are damaged, the supply is heavily impacted. The rising prices will directly impact low-income families who spend the majority of their income on food. A 6–15 per cent spike in grain and vegetable prices directly threatens basic nutrition.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uk-records-its-hottest-june-day-beating-1957-and-1976-highs-who-warns-of-risk-to-lives-1782322982631">UK records its hottest June day, beating 1957 and 1976 highs; WHO warns of risk to lives</a><h2>GDP fall</h2> India’s GDP is in direct line of attack of climate change. It is projected to see a 2.8 decline by 2050, which could severely depress the living standards of nearly half the country's population. States like Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra are at a higher risk of witnessing this fall.&nbsp;<h2>Electricity and water crisis</h2> Increasing heat leads to a rise in demand for electricity, putting pressure on the grids. In this scenario, electric companies purchase expensive emergency fuel while passing on those costs to consumers in the form of surcharges. Heatwaves cause groundwater to deplete, forcing people to buy water from private tankers, putting additional pressure on their pockets.<h2>Health costs</h2> Extreme temperatures lead to heat stress, heatstroke, and a surge in vector-borne diseases. Families end up spending money on medical treatments, as public health facilities are strained. So while families from the informal sector are earning less during rising heat, they are forced to spend more on health and other utilities, dealing them a double blow.&nbsp; &nbsp;

The European heatwave has sent alarm bells ringing for the world. India has been battling extreme heat conditions, with research earlier showing that 95% of the world's hottest countries are in India. Here is how global warming impacts India economically. 

Europe’s heatwave could lead to major economic consequences, researchers have found. However, India is already suffering from it as temperatures have been soaring and the monsoon has remained stalled for nearly two weeks. According to a study by Climate Analytics, average household incomes drop by almost 3 per cent across Europe due to heat-and-drought events. For India, where a massive informal workforce exists, and sectors like agriculture heavily rely on the climate, the effects will be amplified manifold. Much research shows that rising temperatures directly impact the pockets of the common man. A World Bank working paper analysed subnational data and found that even a rise of 1 degree Celsius can cause a significant rise in local poverty and inequality indices. According to a study by Emerging Investigators, there is a significant negative relationship between heat waves and household income. The researchers found that the strongest negative correlation existed between heat waves and agricultural income, meaning that the agricultural sector was severely impacted by heat waves. Also Read: Europe's heatwaves threaten to push 127 million into poverty by 2100, study finds “A severe heatwave is not merely a climatic event; it is an economic shock that lowers productivity, damages crops, increases expenditure on food, electricity and healthcare, and steadily erodes the financial resilience of Indian households,” Prof. (Dr.) Sanjay Kumar, Vice Chancellor, Rayat Bahra University, said. For nearly 90 per cent of India's workforce in the informal sector, such as construction workers, street vendors, and agricultural labourers, heat stress will lead them to miss work, meaning a complete loss of daily wages. Agricultural impact The agricultural shock would be massive as extreme temperatures damage crop yields. Researchers from Cambridge estimate that record heatwaves put over 90 per cent of India's population at risk of losing income, going hungry, or facing severe health risks. With Super El Niño already having taken hold ot he the globe, droughts are expected. The monsoon in India was already delayed. The combined toll of heatwaves and droughts on agriculture could be immense. Food costs Food inflation is another fallout of extreme heat. As crops are damaged, the supply is heavily impacted. The rising prices will directly impact low-income families who spend the majority of their income on food. A 6–15 per cent spike in grain and vegetable prices directly threatens basic nutrition. Also Read: UK records its hottest June day, beating 1957 and 1976 highs; WHO warns of risk to lives GDP fall India’s GDP is in direct line of attack of climate change. It is projected to see a 2.8 decline by 2050, which could severely depress the living standards of nearly half the country's population. States like Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra are at a higher risk of witnessing this fall. Electricity and water crisis Increasing heat leads to a rise in demand for electricity, putting pressure on the grids. In this scenario, electric companies purchase expensive emergency fuel while passing on those costs to consumers in the form of surcharges. Heatwaves cause groundwater to deplete, forcing people to buy water from private tankers, putting additional pressure on their pockets. Health costs Extreme temperatures lead to heat stress, heatstroke, and a surge in vector-borne diseases. Families end up spending money on medical treatments, as public health facilities are strained. So while families from the informal sector are earning less during rising heat, they are forced to spend more on health and other utilities, dealing them a double blow.

The European heatwave has sent alarm bells ringing for the world. India has been battling extreme heat conditions, with research earlier showing that 95% of the world's hottest countries are in India. Here is how global warming impacts India economically.&nbsp;

Analysis: Economic toll of heatwaves and droughts on India amid Europe heatwave

Three Brazilian sisters have become a beacon of hope for scientists researching the secret to a long life after they set the Guinness World Record for the highest combined age of three living siblings. A team of scientists led by Mayana Zatz from the University of Sao Paulo are working on the DNA Longevo Project study, which aims to investigate the biological factors behind ageing. Experts believe that studying the siblings’ case could help in understanding why some people remain ​physically and cognitively resilient at exceptionally advanced ages.Researchers believe genetics may hold many of the answers. The team hopes to uncover traits that help protect the body from the effects of ageing by studying nonagenarians and centenarians and comparing them with people who develop age-related health conditions earlier in life.“Through ⁠DNA testing, we look for protective genes, and we know there are several of them,” said Zatz, ​who coordinates the university’s Human Genome Research Center. “The more people we have who live past 100, especially ​families with multiple centenarians, the more accurate our research will be in identifying them.”The three sisters, Zulina de Deus Nunes, 103, Zoraide de ​Deus Mota, 104, and Levita de Deus Nunes, 109, were identified through LongeviQuest, an organisation that verifies age records around the world and partners with Guinness World Records. They reside in Rio de Janeiro.Scientists believe that inherited factors may play a larger role in preserving health than environmental factors.“When sisters reach that age, ‌there ⁠is clearly a strong genetic component,” said Ben Meyers, CEO of LongeviQuest. “But because they live near each other, they also have a support network, with family able to help when needed. There is definitely a community aspect as well.”The three women have attributed their longevity to simple habits like following a healthy diet and an active lifestyle rather than any secret formula. Recalling their childhood, Zulina said that she spent a lot of time swimming and fishing in rivers. “Everything ⁠was fresh. We didn’t have a refrigerator,” she said.Zoraide added, “Breastfeeding is incredibly important.”Each sister followed a different path through life. Levita worked in crafts before joining a television network, Zoraide built a career in nursing while raising five children, and Zulina devoted herself to caring for her six children and family.“I had a good childhood and adolescence. I can’t complain,” Levita said.Researchers aim to determine how genetic traits may help preserve heart health, muscle strength and cognitive abilities as people grow older.The study’s goal “is to reach 500 centenarians so we can draw more definitive conclusions about longevity,” said researcher ​Joao Paulo Guilherme, who works with Zatz.

Three Brazilian sisters aged 103, 104 and 109 are helping scientists study longevity. Researchers hope their genes can reveal why some people remain healthy and mentally sharp past 100.

Three Brazilian sisters have become a beacon of hope for scientists researching the secret to a long life after they set the Guinness World Record for the highest combined age of three living siblings. A team of scientists led by Mayana Zatz from the University of Sao Paulo are working on the DNA Longevo Project study, which aims to investigate the biological factors behind ageing. Experts believe that studying the siblings’ case could help in understanding why some people remain physically and cognitively resilient at exceptionally advanced ages. Researchers believe genetics may hold many of the answers. The team hopes to uncover traits that help protect the body from the effects of ageing by studying nonagenarians and centenarians and comparing them with people who develop age-related health conditions earlier in life. “Through ⁠DNA testing, we look for protective genes, and we know there are several of them,” said Zatz, who coordinates the university’s Human Genome Research Center. “The more people we have who live past 100, especially families with multiple centenarians, the more accurate our research will be in identifying them.” The three sisters, Zulina de Deus Nunes, 103, Zoraide de Deus Mota, 104, and Levita de Deus Nunes, 109, were identified through LongeviQuest, an organisation that verifies age records around the world and partners with Guinness World Records. They reside in Rio de Janeiro. Scientists believe that inherited factors may play a larger role in preserving health than environmental factors. “When sisters reach that age, ‌there ⁠is clearly a strong genetic component,” said Ben Meyers, CEO of LongeviQuest. “But because they live near each other, they also have a support network, with family able to help when needed. There is definitely a community aspect as well.” The three women have attributed their longevity to simple habits like following a healthy diet and an active lifestyle rather than any secret formula. Recalling their childhood, Zulina said that she spent a lot of time swimming and fishing in rivers. “Everything ⁠was fresh. We didn’t have a refrigerator,” she said. Zoraide added, “Breastfeeding is incredibly important.” Each sister followed a different path through life. Levita worked in crafts before joining a television network, Zoraide built a career in nursing while raising five children, and Zulina devoted herself to caring for her six children and family. “I had a good childhood and adolescence. I can’t complain,” Levita said. Researchers aim to determine how genetic traits may help preserve heart health, muscle strength and cognitive abilities as people grow older. The study’s goal “is to reach 500 centenarians so we can draw more definitive conclusions about longevity,” said researcher Joao Paulo Guilherme, who works with Zatz.

Three Brazilian sisters aged 103, 104 and 109 are helping scientists study longevity. Researchers hope their genes can reveal why some people remain healthy and mentally sharp past 100.

What’s the secret to long life? Scientists believe three Brazilian sisters may hold the key

An asteroid nearly one kilometre, or around 3,300 feet, in size is set to pass by Earth on June 27. This is the first time in four years that an asteroid of this scale will travel close to our planet. The asteroid is named 1997 NC1 and was discovered by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking system on Haleakala in Hawaii. It is moving at a speed of 32,000 kmph. The last time such a huge space rock cane hurtling towards Earth was in January 2022 when asteroid 1994 PC1, almost the same size as 1997 NC1, passed at a distance of 1.98 million km. Asteroid 1997 NC1 will be 2.4 million kilometres from us at its closest point. It is an Aten-type (Earth-crossing) asteroid.&nbsp;In 2013, a meteor 50 to 60 times smaller than asteroid 1997 NC1 exploded over Russia. Known as the Chelyabinsk meteor, it sent a massive sonic boom through the atmosphere. The impact was so huge that windows were shattered in six Russian cities. There were several injuries as well, mostly from the flying glass. Even though NASA and other space agencies were watching for potentially deadly meteors and comets, they missed Chelyabinsk because it came from the direction of the Sun.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/earth-dodged-asteroid-4581-asclepius-by-6-hours-1782284481890">Earth dodged an asteroid by just 6 hours, crossing paths with a potential city-killer</a><h2>How to see asteroid 1997 NC1</h2>&nbsp;If you wish to see asteroid 1997 NC1, you would need a telescope that is at least 6 inches in diameter. But it won't appear like a star zooming through space, but only like a faint star. The asteroid will be best visible on June 26, 27 and 28.<h2>What if asteroid 1997 NC1 crashes into Earth?</h2>&nbsp;It was too small, yet it managed to wreak havoc on the affected areas. The Chelyabinsk meteor exploded 29 km up in Earth’s atmosphere. However, if an asteroid the size of 1997 NC1 were to crash into Earth, it would tear through the atmosphere fully intact. Moving at a speed of 32,000 kmph, it would create a 10 to 15 km wide crater which would go as deep as 1.6 km. Immediately upon impact, both the asteroid and the site would vapourise. Buildings around the impact zone would crash to the ground, and the landscape for hundreds of kilometres would cease to exist. Sunlight would be blocked for months from the resultant rocks and dust.&nbsp;

An asteroid measuring over 3,300 feet is hurtling towards Earth at a speed of 32,000 kmph. Asteroid 1997 NC1 was discovered by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking system on Haleakala in Hawaii. Find out if the large asteroid poses a threat to our planet.

An asteroid nearly one kilometre, or around 3,300 feet, in size is set to pass by Earth on June 27. This is the first time in four years that an asteroid of this scale will travel close to our planet. The asteroid is named 1997 NC1 and was discovered by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking system on Haleakala in Hawaii. It is moving at a speed of 32,000 kmph. The last time such a huge space rock cane hurtling towards Earth was in January 2022 when asteroid 1994 PC1, almost the same size as 1997 NC1, passed at a distance of 1.98 million km. Asteroid 1997 NC1 will be 2.4 million kilometres from us at its closest point. It is an Aten-type (Earth-crossing) asteroid. In 2013, a meteor 50 to 60 times smaller than asteroid 1997 NC1 exploded over Russia. Known as the Chelyabinsk meteor, it sent a massive sonic boom through the atmosphere. The impact was so huge that windows were shattered in six Russian cities. There were several injuries as well, mostly from the flying glass. Even though NASA and other space agencies were watching for potentially deadly meteors and comets, they missed Chelyabinsk because it came from the direction of the Sun. Also Read: Earth dodged an asteroid by just 6 hours, crossing paths with a potential city-killer How to see asteroid 1997 NC1 If you wish to see asteroid 1997 NC1, you would need a telescope that is at least 6 inches in diameter. But it won't appear like a star zooming through space, but only like a faint star. The asteroid will be best visible on June 26, 27 and 28. What if asteroid 1997 NC1 crashes into Earth? It was too small, yet it managed to wreak havoc on the affected areas. The Chelyabinsk meteor exploded 29 km up in Earth’s atmosphere. However, if an asteroid the size of 1997 NC1 were to crash into Earth, it would tear through the atmosphere fully intact. Moving at a speed of 32,000 kmph, it would create a 10 to 15 km wide crater which would go as deep as 1.6 km. Immediately upon impact, both the asteroid and the site would vapourise. Buildings around the impact zone would crash to the ground, and the landscape for hundreds of kilometres would cease to exist. Sunlight would be blocked for months from the resultant rocks and dust.

An asteroid measuring over 3,300 feet is hurtling towards Earth at a speed of 32,000 kmph. Asteroid 1997 NC1 was discovered by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking system on Haleakala in Hawaii. Find out if the large asteroid poses a threat to our planet.

3,300-foot asteroid is racing towards Earth, and is the biggest in four years. Will it crash?

China's secretive Shenlong space plane has once again sparked intrigue among space watchers after reportedly releasing an unidentified object while orbiting Earth. According to commercial space tracking firm LeoLabs, the object was detected on June 22 near Shenlong, which has been in orbit since launching on its fourth mission in February this year.<h2>What did China release in space?</h2>"At 02:30 UTC on 22 June 2026, LeoLabs detected an unknown object in the vicinity of the Chinese Shenlong reusable space plane," LeoLabs said in a post on X. After tracking the object across its global radar network, LeoLabs said it had “assessed with high confidence that it was released from the Chinese spaceplane."

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">At 02:30 UTC on 22 June 2026, LeoLabs detected an unknown object in the vicinity of the Chinese Shenlong reusable spaceplane. This object did not correlate to any other object in our catalog. It was first observed by our Tracker radar in New Zealand. <a href="https://t.co/AEf4gbyJPr">pic.twitter.com/AEf4gbyJPr</a>&mdash; LeoLabs (@LeoLabs_Space) <a href="https://x.com/LeoLabs_Space/status/2069091413795414445?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 22, 2026</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.x.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/did-cia-destroy-an-alien-message-newly-released-ufo-files-reveal-bizarre-1958-mystery-1781337303228">'Message from space': Did CIA destroy an alien message? Newly released UFO files reveal bizarre 1958 mystery</a>The newly detected object has since been catalogued by the US Space Force, according to astrophysicist and satellite tracker Jonathan McDowell.

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">USSF has cataloged a new object (69673) released from the Chinese spaceplane CSSHQ4 (2026-024A) which has been in orbit since Feb 7. Previous missions of the spaceplane have also released such objects, which may be small subsatellites such as cubesats&mdash; Jonathan McDowell (@planet4589) <a href="https://x.com/planet4589/status/2069412042126098666?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 23, 2026</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.x.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

<h2>What is Shenlong?</h2>Shenlong, which translates to "Divine Dragon", is China's reusable space plane programme. Much like the US military's X-37B space plane, Shenlong launches atop a rocket but is designed to return and land on a runway like a conventional aircraft.China has released very little information about the vehicle, and most details about it have emerged through satellite tracking and telescope observations conducted by independent researchers.The space plane was launched on February 6 aboard a Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi Desert. Beijing did not disclose the mission's objectives.<h2>Not China's first mysterious deployment</h2>According to Space, this is not the first time Shenlong has attracted attention for unusual activity in orbit.In 2024, observers reported that the spacecraft may have deployed a small subsatellite or ejected an unnecessary piece of hardware before returning to Earth. Earlier missions also generated speculation after multiple objects appeared near the spacecraft, though some were later identified as launch-related debris.Astronomers have additionally reported signs that Shenlong may deploy solar arrays while in orbit, suggesting it can remain operational for extended periods.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-world-s-largest-whale-graveyard-hidden-7km-beneath-the-indian-ocean-1781170611094">Scientists discover world's largest 'whale graveyard' hidden 7km beneath the Indian Ocean</a><h2>Why are experts watching closely?</h2>According to SpaceNews, one possibility is that China is testing rendezvous and proximity operations (RPO), a capability that allows spacecraft to manoeuvre close to other satellites.Wile such technology has legitimate civilian uses, including satellite inspection, servicing and refuelling, it also has military applications including tamper with adversary satellites in orbit.China is not alone in developing such technologies. Russia has conducted similar manoeuvres with so-called inspector satellites, while the United States is also believed to be pursuing advanced orbital servicing and proximity-operation capabilities.&nbsp;

China's secretive Shenlong space plane has reportedly released an unidentified object while orbiting Earth, reigniting speculation about the true purpose of the reusable spacecraft. What mystery object did China release in space?

China's secretive Shenlong space plane has once again sparked intrigue among space watchers after reportedly releasing an unidentified object while orbiting Earth. According to commercial space tracking firm LeoLabs, the object was detected on June 22 near Shenlong, which has been in orbit since launching on its fourth mission in February this year. What did China release in space? "At 02:30 UTC on 22 June 2026, LeoLabs detected an unknown object in the vicinity of the Chinese Shenlong reusable space plane," LeoLabs said in a post on X. After tracking the object across its global radar network, LeoLabs said it had “assessed with high confidence that it was released from the Chinese spaceplane."

China's secretive Shenlong space plane has reportedly released an unidentified object while orbiting Earth, reigniting speculation about the true purpose of the reusable spacecraft. What mystery object did China release in space?

China's secretive Shenlong space plane releases mystery object in orbit. What is Beijing up to?

In 1989, Earth crossed paths with an asteroid that missed us by only a few hours. It is one of the closest and most terrifying "near misses" in modern astronomical history. NASA has an Asteroid Watch program managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS), to monitor potential space rocks that could threaten Earth. Multiple asteroids cross near our planet daily; however, none pose a danger. The asteroid watch program officially began in 1998, and so nine years earlier, when a space rock came into Earth's orbit, scientists only got to learn about it after nine days had passed.&nbsp;Asteroid 4581 Asclepius was estimated to be about 1,000 feet in diameter. “An impact would have released a devastating amount of energy equivalent to about a gigaton of TNT, which is 67,000 times the energy output of the Hiroshima atomic bomb,” Harvard professor Avi Loeb told WION. A massive shock wave would have levelled cities, experts said.<h2>So what exactly happened in 1989?&nbsp;</h2> The asteroid flew past Earth on March 22, 1989, at a comfortable distance of 684,000 km, nearly twice the distance between our planet and the Moon. But this was not a hazardous event, even though in cosmic terms, this is still quite near. The orbits of Earth and asteroid 4581 Asclepius led them to travel through a common point in space, but at different times. The asteroid was at the same point in our orbit where Earth was just six hours ago.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/apocalypse-an-inevitable-reality-for-humans-today-whether-caused-by-human-stupidity-or-divinity-1773227301958">Apocalypse an inevitable reality for humans today, whether caused by human stupidity or divinity</a>&nbsp;Basically, the asteroid crossed a point in Earth's orbit, and our planet was in that spot just six hours earlier. Just a little bad timing would have been enough to send the asteroid flinging into our planet. The surprising thing is that nobody knew that the asteroid was there. Astronomers Henry Holt and Norman Thomas only discovered the close call at the Palomar Observatory on March 31, 1989. Humanity dodged a bullet, literally.<h2>Effect of asteroid impact on Earth</h2> Asteroid 4581 Asclepius was 1,000 feet in diameter, about the size of three football fields. It was travelling at a speed of 74,000 km/hr, which means an impact would have been catastrophic. It would have released energy equivalent to roughly 600 megatons of TNT. For comparison, the Tsar Bomba, or the RDS-220, the most powerful nuclear weapon ever made by man, yielded energy equivalent to 50 megatons of TNT. The asteroid would have gouged a crater nearly 10 kilometres wide, vapourised the immediate impact zone and generated a massive shock wave. If it had slammed into the ocean, tsunami waves hundreds of feet high would have been generated, wiping out coastlines.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/move-over-rapture-another-prophecy-claims-comet-will-end-the-world-in-2026-1758790270916">Rapture did not happen, but another world-ending event has been prophesied for 2026</a><h2>How does Asclepius compare to the dinosaur-killing asteroid?</h2> The asteroid that struck the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, creating the massive Chicxulub crater, was roughly 10 kilometres in diameter, or nearly 50,000 feet. In comparison, Asclepius was only 1,000 feet, and so was a city-killer asteroid, while the Chicxulub Impactor was a "Planet-Rebooter."Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/asteroid-bound-mission-caught-mars-in-a-completely-new-light-1779458912239">Asteroid-bound mission caught Mars in a completely new light</a><h2>How Asclepius changed asteroid watch</h2> Asclepius miss served as a wake-up call, as before the Asteroid Watch program, only a handful of people observed near-Earth objects as an academic interest. Asclepius's movement past Earth led to a push for automated, computerised sky surveys and dedicated planetary defence initiatives. Today, we not only have a mission dedicated to looking out for the asteroids, but we also have plans to deflect potentially dangerous space rocks. The DART mission was one such test that slammed into the moonlet of an asteroid.

Earth crossed paths with an asteroid and missed an impact by a tiny margin of six hours. No one knew it was about to happen, and scientists detected it only nine days later. This scare led to the push for programs to watch for hazardous asteroids.

In 1989, Earth crossed paths with an asteroid that missed us by only a few hours. It is one of the closest and most terrifying "near misses" in modern astronomical history. NASA has an Asteroid Watch program managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS), to monitor potential space rocks that could threaten Earth. Multiple asteroids cross near our planet daily; however, none pose a danger. The asteroid watch program officially began in 1998, and so nine years earlier, when a space rock came into Earth's orbit, scientists only got to learn about it after nine days had passed. Asteroid 4581 Asclepius was estimated to be about 1,000 feet in diameter. “An impact would have released a devastating amount of energy equivalent to about a gigaton of TNT, which is 67,000 times the energy output of the Hiroshima atomic bomb,” Harvard professor Avi Loeb told WION. A massive shock wave would have levelled cities, experts said. So what exactly happened in 1989? The asteroid flew past Earth on March 22, 1989, at a comfortable distance of 684,000 km, nearly twice the distance between our planet and the Moon. But this was not a hazardous event, even though in cosmic terms, this is still quite near. The orbits of Earth and asteroid 4581 Asclepius led them to travel through a common point in space, but at different times. The asteroid was at the same point in our orbit where Earth was just six hours ago. Also Read: Apocalypse an inevitable reality for humans today, whether caused by human stupidity or divinity Basically, the asteroid crossed a point in Earth's orbit, and our planet was in that spot just six hours earlier. Just a little bad timing would have been enough to send the asteroid flinging into our planet. The surprising thing is that nobody knew that the asteroid was there. Astronomers Henry Holt and Norman Thomas only discovered the close call at the Palomar Observatory on March 31, 1989. Humanity dodged a bullet, literally. Effect of asteroid impact on Earth Asteroid 4581 Asclepius was 1,000 feet in diameter, about the size of three football fields. It was travelling at a speed of 74,000 km/hr, which means an impact would have been catastrophic. It would have released energy equivalent to roughly 600 megatons of TNT. For comparison, the Tsar Bomba, or the RDS-220, the most powerful nuclear weapon ever made by man, yielded energy equivalent to 50 megatons of TNT. The asteroid would have gouged a crater nearly 10 kilometres wide, vapourised the immediate impact zone and generated a massive shock wave. If it had slammed into the ocean, tsunami waves hundreds of feet high would have been generated, wiping out coastlines. Also Read: Rapture did not happen, but another world-ending event has been prophesied for 2026 How does Asclepius compare to the dinosaur-killing asteroid? The asteroid that struck the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, creating the massive Chicxulub crater, was roughly 10 kilometres in diameter, or nearly 50,000 feet. In comparison, Asclepius was only 1,000 feet, and so was a city-killer asteroid, while the Chicxulub Impactor was a "Planet-Rebooter." Also Read: Asteroid-bound mission caught Mars in a completely new light How Asclepius changed asteroid watch Asclepius miss served as a wake-up call, as before the Asteroid Watch program, only a handful of people observed near-Earth objects as an academic interest. Asclepius's movement past Earth led to a push for automated, computerised sky surveys and dedicated planetary defence initiatives. Today, we not only have a mission dedicated to looking out for the asteroids, but we also have plans to deflect potentially dangerous space rocks. The DART mission was one such test that slammed into the moonlet of an asteroid.

Earth crossed paths with an asteroid and missed an impact by a tiny margin of six hours. No one knew it was about to happen, and scientists detected it only nine days later. This scare led to the push for programs to watch for hazardous asteroids.

Earth dodged an asteroid by just 6 hours, crossing paths with a potential city-killer

AI is increasingly improving mental healthcare access by scaling, personalising, and automating support, while simultaneously preserving human connections by triaging severe cases, including monitoring, and bridging between clinical visits. It acts as a signal amplifier and a helpful ally rather than a clinical replacement. AI has also emerged as a transformative force in medical fields, enhancing accessibility, efficacy, and ethicality, thereby helping both individuals and communities. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), mental health disorders are emerging as a substantial contributor to the global disease burden, with depression being the leading cause of disability worldwide. Increasing mental health disorders have put an unprecedented demand on healthcare systems, disclosing the inadequacies of old methods of mental health care. Traditional mental healthcare models, which largely depend on face-to-face consultations and therapy sessions, are struggling to meet the growing need for accessible, affordable and scalable services. The widening gap between the rising demand for mental health support and the limited availability of care underscores the urgent need for innovative and effective solutions. To provide an effective and immediate solution, AI is emerging as a powerful tool in mental healthcare, helping analyse large datasets, identify behavioural patterns and support early detection of mental health conditions. It can enable personalised treatment plans, virtual therapy platforms and improved access to care, particularly for underserved populations. AI also has the potential to reduce stigma and enhance treatment outcomes. However, its growing role raises important ethical, regulatory and privacy concerns that require careful oversight. Experts believe the future of mental healthcare lies in combining AI's analytical capabilities with human expertise to deliver more effective and accessible mental health support. Meanwhile, experts indicate that the technology can help bridge India's massive mental health treatment gap, but it is far from replacing human therapists. Dr Amit Malik, Founder and CEO of Amaha, said India's shortage of mental health professionals makes AI a potentially valuable tool for improving access to support. With fewer than 10,000 psychiatrists and psychologists serving a population of over a billion people, access to care remains severely limited, particularly in smaller towns and rural areas. "The mental health treatment gap in India is stark. Fewer than 10,000 psychiatrists and psychologists serve a population of more than a billion, heavily concentrated in large cities. In smaller towns and rural areas, an entire district may have only one or two specialists, sometimes none at all. Geography, affordability, and stigma make it even harder. This is the context in which AI becomes relevant, but only in well-defined ways," Amit Malik said.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/why-healthy-gut-is-foundation-of-long-term-health-experts-explain-1781794588616">Why healthy gut is foundation of long-term health? Experts explain</a> Malik noted that AI can play a vital role in addressing mild to moderate mental health concerns by helping users identify the right support options and remain involved with their care. It can also act as a digital companion between therapy sessions, inspiring reflection and reinforcing therapeutic exercises. However, he stressed that the core elements of therapy remain deeply human and cannot be replicated by technology. "There is also a dimension of therapy that goes well beyond words. Approaches like psychodynamic therapy, EMDR, and somatic work rely on body cues, non-verbal processing, and a quality of relational presence that is difficult to even describe, let alone automate. A therapist reads micro-expressions, tracks physiological shifts, and notices what is conspicuously absent from a narrative. That quality of attunement is not a feature that can be engineered," he said. "With conditions like bipolar disorder, OCD, schizophrenia, or treatment-resistant depression, recovery rarely follows a linear pathway. It requires psychiatrists, therapists, nurses, and caregivers working in close coordination, across multiple modalities and over a sustained period. AI cannot hold someone through a manic episode, or help them rebuild functioning after a hospitalisation. That work requires a multidisciplinary team and a depth of clinical judgment that technology, at this stage, simply cannot replicate," Malik added. While AI may help more people access mental health resources, Malik emphasised that lasting therapeutic change still depends on the human relationship between therapist and client. "At Amaha, we see AI as infrastructure, not intervention. Used well, it can widen access, reduce the friction that stops people from seeking help, and, by absorbing documentation and administrative load, give clinicians back the cognitive space to be fully present with their clients. That presence, the safety it creates, the ruptures it survives, the repair it enables, is what makes lasting change possible. AI can open the door. It cannot do what happens inside the room," he further added.&nbsp;WATCH: https://www.wionews.com/videos/why-the-zero-to-100-trend-is-winning-the-health-game-1782217612434/embed<h3>Human connection remains essential</h3>Seema Rekha, Founder and Managing Director of Antarmanh Consulting, noted that AI has the potential to help bridge critical gaps in mental healthcare by increasing access to support and early intervention services, but it cannot remove the human relationships at the heart of healing. "In short, AI technology can help address these gaps, especially in a world where there are more needs than trained professionals to help. The provision of information, self-help possibilities, emotional screening, and early detection of any distress is possible through the use of AI technology. However, for those individuals who may be hesitant to use mainstream services due to stigma, distance, and ignorance, AI can help as a first step towards seeking assistance. However, at its very core, the field of mental health care is inherently based on human interaction. Humans heal from their pain through empathy, trust, compassion, and understanding. While this is something that machines cannot do completely, they can offer much-needed assistance in doing so. AI technology can spot patterns and provide prompts, but cannot offer the human element of a therapist, a coach or even a leader," Seema Rekha said. Looking ahead, she argued that the future of mental healthcare should not be framed as a competition between technology and people. Instead, success will depend on how effectively both are integrated to improve patient outcomes. "The future of mental healthcare should neither be technology versus people, nor should it be about balancing the two. Instead, it needs to be about how well the two are brought together in the right ways. In essence, technology should be seen as something that increases the scope of treatment and also allows for more efficient and effective treatment of the patient. However, there is no need to lose sight of the fact that the human part of mental health remains integral at all times. Technology can help open the door, but change happens through human relationships," she added. &nbsp;

AI can play a vital role in addressing mild to moderate mental health concerns by helping users identify the right support options and remain involved with their care. It can also act as a digital companion between therapy sessions, inspiring reflection and reinforcing therapeutic exercises.

AI is increasingly improving mental healthcare access by scaling, personalising, and automating support, while simultaneously preserving human connections by triaging severe cases, including monitoring, and bridging between clinical visits. It acts as a signal amplifier and a helpful ally rather than a clinical replacement. AI has also emerged as a transformative force in medical fields, enhancing accessibility, efficacy, and ethicality, thereby helping both individuals and communities. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), mental health disorders are emerging as a substantial contributor to the global disease burden, with depression being the leading cause of disability worldwide. Increasing mental health disorders have put an unprecedented demand on healthcare systems, disclosing the inadequacies of old methods of mental health care. Traditional mental healthcare models, which largely depend on face-to-face consultations and therapy sessions, are struggling to meet the growing need for accessible, affordable and scalable services. The widening gap between the rising demand for mental health support and the limited availability of care underscores the urgent need for innovative and effective solutions. To provide an effective and immediate solution, AI is emerging as a powerful tool in mental healthcare, helping analyse large datasets, identify behavioural patterns and support early detection of mental health conditions. It can enable personalised treatment plans, virtual therapy platforms and improved access to care, particularly for underserved populations. AI also has the potential to reduce stigma and enhance treatment outcomes. However, its growing role raises important ethical, regulatory and privacy concerns that require careful oversight. Experts believe the future of mental healthcare lies in combining AI's analytical capabilities with human expertise to deliver more effective and accessible mental health support. Meanwhile, experts indicate that the technology can help bridge India's massive mental health treatment gap, but it is far from replacing human therapists. Dr Amit Malik, Founder and CEO of Amaha, said India's shortage of mental health professionals makes AI a potentially valuable tool for improving access to support. With fewer than 10,000 psychiatrists and psychologists serving a population of over a billion people, access to care remains severely limited, particularly in smaller towns and rural areas. "The mental health treatment gap in India is stark. Fewer than 10,000 psychiatrists and psychologists serve a population of more than a billion, heavily concentrated in large cities. In smaller towns and rural areas, an entire district may have only one or two specialists, sometimes none at all. Geography, affordability, and stigma make it even harder. This is the context in which AI becomes relevant, but only in well-defined ways," Amit Malik said. Also read: Why healthy gut is foundation of long-term health? Experts explain Malik noted that AI can play a vital role in addressing mild to moderate mental health concerns by helping users identify the right support options and remain involved with their care. It can also act as a digital companion between therapy sessions, inspiring reflection and reinforcing therapeutic exercises. However, he stressed that the core elements of therapy remain deeply human and cannot be replicated by technology. "There is also a dimension of therapy that goes well beyond words. Approaches like psychodynamic therapy, EMDR, and somatic work rely on body cues, non-verbal processing, and a quality of relational presence that is difficult to even describe, let alone automate. A therapist reads micro-expressions, tracks physiological shifts, and notices what is conspicuously absent from a narrative. That quality of attunement is not a feature that can be engineered," he said. "With conditions like bipolar disorder, OCD, schizophrenia, or treatment-resistant depression, recovery rarely follows a linear pathway. It requires psychiatrists, therapists, nurses, and caregivers working in close coordination, across multiple modalities and over a sustained period. AI cannot hold someone through a manic episode, or help them rebuild functioning after a hospitalisation. That work requires a multidisciplinary team and a depth of clinical judgment that technology, at this stage, simply cannot replicate," Malik added. While AI may help more people access mental health resources, Malik emphasised that lasting therapeutic change still depends on the human relationship between therapist and client. "At Amaha, we see AI as infrastructure, not intervention. Used well, it can widen access, reduce the friction that stops people from seeking help, and, by absorbing documentation and administrative load, give clinicians back the cognitive space to be fully present with their clients. That presence, the safety it creates, the ruptures it survives, the repair it enables, is what makes lasting change possible. AI can open the door. It cannot do what happens inside the room," he further added. WATCH: https://www.wionews.com/videos/why-the-zero-to-100-trend-is-winning-the-health-game-1782217612434/embed Human connection remains essential Seema Rekha, Founder and Managing Director of Antarmanh Consulting, noted that AI has the potential to help bridge critical gaps in mental healthcare by increasing access to support and early intervention services, but it cannot remove the human relationships at the heart of healing. "In short, AI technology can help address these gaps, especially in a world where there are more needs than trained professionals to help. The provision of information, self-help possibilities, emotional screening, and early detection of any distress is possible through the use of AI technology. However, for those individuals who may be hesitant to use mainstream services due to stigma, distance, and ignorance, AI can help as a first step towards seeking assistance. However, at its very core, the field of mental health care is inherently based on human interaction. Humans heal from their pain through empathy, trust, compassion, and understanding. While this is something that machines cannot do completely, they can offer much-needed assistance in doing so. AI technology can spot patterns and provide prompts, but cannot offer the human element of a therapist, a coach or even a leader," Seema Rekha said. Looking ahead, she argued that the future of mental healthcare should not be framed as a competition between technology and people. Instead, success will depend on how effectively both are integrated to improve patient outcomes. "The future of mental healthcare should neither be technology versus people, nor should it be about balancing the two. Instead, it needs to be about how well the two are brought together in the right ways. In essence, technology should be seen as something that increases the scope of treatment and also allows for more efficient and effective treatment of the patient. However, there is no need to lose sight of the fact that the human part of mental health remains integral at all times. Technology can help open the door, but change happens through human relationships," she added.

AI can play a vital role in addressing mild to moderate mental health concerns by helping users identify the right support options and remain involved with their care. It can also act as a digital companion between therapy sessions, inspiring reflection and reinforcing therapeutic exercises.

Can AI improve access to mental healthcare without replacing human connection? Here's what experts say

3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar comet, has been roaming the universe for 12 billion years, according to a new analysis published in Nature Astronomy. A team led by molecular astrophysicist Martin Cordiner of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has discovered that it was born in a very cold, and primordial region of the universe, and could be nearly 12 billion years. Researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to study the ratios of hydrogen and carbon isotopes in the comet, which revealed that it is "not only distinct, but also likely much older than our Solar System." Researchers say 3I/ATLAS is currently nearing Saturn, and will pass Pluto in 2029 and exit the heliosphere in 2035.&nbsp;3I/ATLAS first grabbed headlines after being discovered on July 1, 2025. Calculations showed that it was 7 to 11 billion years old. The comet also displayed several anomalies, such as a lack of tail for a very long time. However, later it was observed to be releasing water like a hose into space. It was a strange visitor that defied the basic rules of a comet. Now with the latest observations, scientists are asking, "What can this unique object tell us about the history of our galaxy?"Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/3i-atlas-photo-juice-took-in-november-2025-just-reached-earth-what-caused-the-4-month-delay-1773233270544">3I/ATLAS photo from November 2025 just reached Earth. What caused the 4-month delay?</a><h2>Isotope ratio in 3I/ATLAS different from any seen in solar system bodies</h2>Cordiner and his team tried to learn the chemistry taking place in the comet's coma through infrared observations from JWST and radio observations from ALMA. Ratios of isotopes of hydrogen and carbon were the primary details being studied as they offer a window into 3I/ATLAS's past. An unusual amount of heavy hydrogen, or deuterium, was found in the water located in the coma. The researchers measured a deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio of 0.98 per cent, more than 10 times higher than that found in bodies in our solar system. The carbon isotopes present in it were also different from those seen in comets, planets and meteorites in our solar system. In fact, they have never even been observed in the nearest star-forming regions. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3iatlas-latest-update-nasa-tess-images-jupiter-1769745274633">NASA's TESS captures 3I/ATLAS once again. But some data is missing. Here's what happened</a>&nbsp;Such extreme deuterium enrichment can only happen when water forms at temperatures below -243 degrees Celsius. This suggests that the comet's water was formed in an extremely cold region. "The detection of such strong deuterium-bearing water is astonishing, as it is so different from any other primitive solar system object, and challenges our understanding of how ices are formed in space," Cordiner said. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-mission-to-study-interstellar-comet-2035-and-2085-1771249095341">Why wait 60 years? Sun can help us reach 3I/ATLAS in the year 2085, if we launch in 2035</a>&nbsp;The unusually high ratios of carbon-12 to carbon-13 showed that the material it was made of was untouched by dying stars, since heavier elements came to exist in the universe only after several generations of stars had been born and passed away. This information was compared with models showing how the Milky Way's chemistry had changed. This led them to conclude that 3I/ATLAS was born when the galaxy was young and is likely 11 to 12 billion years old.&nbsp;However, there is also the possibility that it was born in a region where dust from dead stars had not reached, which leads the material in it to appear older than it actually is.&nbsp;

3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar comet after ‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, has revealed itself to be as old as the universe. It formed when the Milky Way was still young. However, it is possible that it simply appears old. 

3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar comet, has been roaming the universe for 12 billion years, according to a new analysis published in Nature Astronomy. A team led by molecular astrophysicist Martin Cordiner of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has discovered that it was born in a very cold, and primordial region of the universe, and could be nearly 12 billion years. Researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to study the ratios of hydrogen and carbon isotopes in the comet, which revealed that it is "not only distinct, but also likely much older than our Solar System." Researchers say 3I/ATLAS is currently nearing Saturn, and will pass Pluto in 2029 and exit the heliosphere in 2035. 3I/ATLAS first grabbed headlines after being discovered on July 1, 2025. Calculations showed that it was 7 to 11 billion years old. The comet also displayed several anomalies, such as a lack of tail for a very long time. However, later it was observed to be releasing water like a hose into space. It was a strange visitor that defied the basic rules of a comet. Now with the latest observations, scientists are asking, "What can this unique object tell us about the history of our galaxy?" Also Read: 3I/ATLAS photo from November 2025 just reached Earth. What caused the 4-month delay? Isotope ratio in 3I/ATLAS different from any seen in solar system bodies Cordiner and his team tried to learn the chemistry taking place in the comet's coma through infrared observations from JWST and radio observations from ALMA. Ratios of isotopes of hydrogen and carbon were the primary details being studied as they offer a window into 3I/ATLAS's past. An unusual amount of heavy hydrogen, or deuterium, was found in the water located in the coma. The researchers measured a deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio of 0.98 per cent, more than 10 times higher than that found in bodies in our solar system. The carbon isotopes present in it were also different from those seen in comets, planets and meteorites in our solar system. In fact, they have never even been observed in the nearest star-forming regions. Also Read: NASA's TESS captures 3I/ATLAS once again. But some data is missing. Here's what happened Such extreme deuterium enrichment can only happen when water forms at temperatures below -243 degrees Celsius. This suggests that the comet's water was formed in an extremely cold region. "The detection of such strong deuterium-bearing water is astonishing, as it is so different from any other primitive solar system object, and challenges our understanding of how ices are formed in space," Cordiner said. Also Read: Why wait 60 years? Sun can help us reach 3I/ATLAS in the year 2085, if we launch in 2035 The unusually high ratios of carbon-12 to carbon-13 showed that the material it was made of was untouched by dying stars, since heavier elements came to exist in the universe only after several generations of stars had been born and passed away. This information was compared with models showing how the Milky Way's chemistry had changed. This led them to conclude that 3I/ATLAS was born when the galaxy was young and is likely 11 to 12 billion years old. However, there is also the possibility that it was born in a region where dust from dead stars had not reached, which leads the material in it to appear older than it actually is.

3I/ATLAS, the third interstellar comet after ‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, has revealed itself to be as old as the universe. It formed when the Milky Way was still young. However, it is possible that it simply appears old.&nbsp;

Scientists find 3I/ATLAS is as old as the universe. But there is a chance it is faking it

NVIDIA has unveiled a near-zero-water cooling system for AI data centres. Using a closed-loop liquid cooling design, the technology recirculates coolant instead of consuming water, reducing energy use, operating costs and dependence on traditional cooling towers.

NVIDIA has unveiled a near-zero-water cooling system for AI data centres. Using a closed-loop liquid cooling design, the technology recirculates coolant instead of consuming water, reducing energy use, operating costs and dependence on traditional cooling towers.

Can AI data centres run without water? Nvidia introduces near-zero-water cooling technology

Scientists have found an atmosphere around an object beyond the orbit of Neptune which measures only 500 kilometres across. This is the first time that a trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) has exhibited an atmosphere since it was observed on Pluto. Decades of scientific theories suggest that such a small icy body should not be able to exhibit this phenomenon, which is why the findings challenge the idea of how distant bodies in the Solar System evolve. Known as (612533) 2002 XV93, this body lies in the Kuiper Belt and is smaller than Pluto ( 2,377km across). Something as small as this object in the Kuiper does not have sufficient gravity to hold onto an atmosphere for long periods.&nbsp;The discovery was made by a team of astronomers led by Ko Arimatsu at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The object in the Kuiper was observed in January 2024 when it passed in front of a distant star. This is known as stellar occultation, and when this happens, the light of the star at the back changes when the foreground object moves across it. When it disappears sharply, it means the body has no atmosphere. However, if it dims gradually, it shows that there is gas around the object. The data proved that the latter was true. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/sun-may-spare-earth-and-mars-as-study-reverses-course-on-death-of-our-planet-1781952003897">Sun may spare Earth and Mars, as study reverses course on death of our planet</a><h2>An atmosphere for only 1,000 years</h2>But this atmosphere is not expected to last long, as evidence suggests it should stay for only about 1,000 years. The James Webb Space Telescope hasn't detected any frozen surface gases either, which could sustain the atmosphere by slowly evaporating. The origin of the atmosphere remains unclear. Scientists have proposed two methods that it could have formed. First, certain material from inside the object could have only recently reached the surface. Second, a comet explosion released material into space, some of which settled on &nbsp;(612533) 2002 XV93, creating an atmosphere. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/lease-for-life-on-earth-extended-as-study-finds-end-of-times-are-at-least-1-84-billion-years-away-1781617653902">Lease for life on Earth extended as study finds end of times are at least 1.84 billion years away</a>&nbsp;This is the first time that a TNO has displayed signs of an atmosphere. "A thin atmosphere has been observed around Pluto, but studies of other trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) have yielded negative results."

A small body in the Kuiper Belt, beyond Neptune, has exhibited an atmosphere. The last time astronomers found an atmosphere in a trans-Neptunian object was in 1988, when Pluto revealed its own. But it has only recently formed and won't last for more than 1,000 years.

Scientists have found an atmosphere around an object beyond the orbit of Neptune which measures only 500 kilometres across. This is the first time that a trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) has exhibited an atmosphere since it was observed on Pluto. Decades of scientific theories suggest that such a small icy body should not be able to exhibit this phenomenon, which is why the findings challenge the idea of how distant bodies in the Solar System evolve. Known as (612533) 2002 XV93, this body lies in the Kuiper Belt and is smaller than Pluto ( 2,377km across). Something as small as this object in the Kuiper does not have sufficient gravity to hold onto an atmosphere for long periods. The discovery was made by a team of astronomers led by Ko Arimatsu at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The object in the Kuiper was observed in January 2024 when it passed in front of a distant star. This is known as stellar occultation, and when this happens, the light of the star at the back changes when the foreground object moves across it. When it disappears sharply, it means the body has no atmosphere. However, if it dims gradually, it shows that there is gas around the object. The data proved that the latter was true. Also Read: Sun may spare Earth and Mars, as study reverses course on death of our planet An atmosphere for only 1,000 years But this atmosphere is not expected to last long, as evidence suggests it should stay for only about 1,000 years. The James Webb Space Telescope hasn't detected any frozen surface gases either, which could sustain the atmosphere by slowly evaporating. The origin of the atmosphere remains unclear. Scientists have proposed two methods that it could have formed. First, certain material from inside the object could have only recently reached the surface. Second, a comet explosion released material into space, some of which settled on (612533) 2002 XV93, creating an atmosphere. Also Read: Lease for life on Earth extended as study finds end of times are at least 1.84 billion years away This is the first time that a TNO has displayed signs of an atmosphere. "A thin atmosphere has been observed around Pluto, but studies of other trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) have yielded negative results."

A small body in the Kuiper Belt, beyond Neptune, has exhibited an atmosphere. The last time astronomers found an atmosphere in a trans-Neptunian object was in 1988, when Pluto revealed its own. But it has only recently formed and won't last for more than 1,000 years.

A first since Pluto: Did a comet explosion create atmosphere on this object beyond Neptune?

A study by an international team of scientists has found evidence that humans found a way to adapt to extreme climate changes instead of collapsing or relocating thousands of years ago. Ancient mud drilled from the Carmel Coast in northern Israel has thrown light on 4,000 years of environmental history in the ancient Mediterranean. The researchers said their findings prove that human societies survived through droughts. Senior author Tom Levy said, "People have always been problem solvers." Environmental stress did not stress them, and they developed new technologies and strategies to overcome it. The study was published last month in the Quaternary Science Reviews.&nbsp;Scientists state that they did not find a "direct correlation between environmental changes and settlement reorganisation from 8,000 to 4,000 years ago." The researchers say human societies did not always reside near favourable regions. Gilad Shtienberg, the paper’s first author, told Times of Israel that humans came up with creative ways to live through harsh conditions. "During the Neolithic period, many communities were concentrated near reliable freshwater sources...during the Chalcolithic period, populations expanded into the more semi-arid Beersheba valley," he said. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sea-ice-twice-the-size-of-rajasthan-goes-missing-from-antarctica-in-winter-1781702114417">Sea ice twice the size of Rajasthan goes missing from Antarctica in winter</a><h2>Humans came up with ways to live through droughts</h2>So the communities developed new strategies to survive. They came up with early floodwater farming systems, where seasonal floods were used to divert water into the agricultural fields, one of the early forms of irrigation. Instead of relying on rainfall, they planted crops like barley "under managed irrigation rather than relying solely on rainfall." Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/world-environment-day-data-centres-are-coming-to-india-but-at-what-cost-1780567891256">World Environment Day in the age of AI - Are humans sacrificing the climate for data centres?</a>&nbsp;For the study, the researchers dug 52 feet into the Earth and retrieved layers of ancient mud. They were like a time capsule recording changes over centuries. Inside them, they found a clue to climate fluctuations in the form of objects like tiny shells, pollen grains, charred plant fragments and chemical traces. All these elements indicated the climate at the time. For eg. Freshwater snails and mussels indicated rain, while charcoal revealed erosion, and pollen and seeds showed the kind of plants. Also Read: Sea ice twice the size of Rajasthan goes missing from Antarctica in winter&nbsp;Piecing them together, the team created a climate timeline spanning 4,000 to 8,000 years. They found that annual rainfall had dropped by half by around 6,500 years ago along Israel’s coast. A severe drought gripped the region around 4,200 years ago. They compared this data with existing archaeological information to determine if the population declined at this time. They found that the societies found novel ways to deal with the dry conditions instead of moving away.&nbsp; &nbsp;

Droughts have typically been known to trigger migration and population decline in ancient societies. However, a study in Israel has found that humans devised methods to survive these conditions instead of retreating. 

A study by an international team of scientists has found evidence that humans found a way to adapt to extreme climate changes instead of collapsing or relocating thousands of years ago. Ancient mud drilled from the Carmel Coast in northern Israel has thrown light on 4,000 years of environmental history in the ancient Mediterranean. The researchers said their findings prove that human societies survived through droughts. Senior author Tom Levy said, "People have always been problem solvers." Environmental stress did not stress them, and they developed new technologies and strategies to overcome it. The study was published last month in the Quaternary Science Reviews. Scientists state that they did not find a "direct correlation between environmental changes and settlement reorganisation from 8,000 to 4,000 years ago." The researchers say human societies did not always reside near favourable regions. Gilad Shtienberg, the paper’s first author, told Times of Israel that humans came up with creative ways to live through harsh conditions. "During the Neolithic period, many communities were concentrated near reliable freshwater sources...during the Chalcolithic period, populations expanded into the more semi-arid Beersheba valley," he said. Also Read: Sea ice twice the size of Rajasthan goes missing from Antarctica in winter Humans came up with ways to live through droughts So the communities developed new strategies to survive. They came up with early floodwater farming systems, where seasonal floods were used to divert water into the agricultural fields, one of the early forms of irrigation. Instead of relying on rainfall, they planted crops like barley "under managed irrigation rather than relying solely on rainfall." Also Read: World Environment Day in the age of AI - Are humans sacrificing the climate for data centres? For the study, the researchers dug 52 feet into the Earth and retrieved layers of ancient mud. They were like a time capsule recording changes over centuries. Inside them, they found a clue to climate fluctuations in the form of objects like tiny shells, pollen grains, charred plant fragments and chemical traces. All these elements indicated the climate at the time. For eg. Freshwater snails and mussels indicated rain, while charcoal revealed erosion, and pollen and seeds showed the kind of plants. Also Read: Sea ice twice the size of Rajasthan goes missing from Antarctica in winter Piecing them together, the team created a climate timeline spanning 4,000 to 8,000 years. They found that annual rainfall had dropped by half by around 6,500 years ago along Israel’s coast. A severe drought gripped the region around 4,200 years ago. They compared this data with existing archaeological information to determine if the population declined at this time. They found that the societies found novel ways to deal with the dry conditions instead of moving away.

Droughts have typically been known to trigger migration and population decline in ancient societies. However, a study in Israel has found that humans devised methods to survive these conditions instead of retreating.&nbsp;

Study in Israel shows humans stood tall in front of climate change 6,500 years ago

A new study has changed a major belief about Earth's demise in the cosmos. For a long time, it has been hypothesised that the Sun will swallow Earth towards the end of its life when it turns into a Red Giant. However, a new study has proposed that this may or may not happen, and it depends on two things. When the sun burns through all of the hydrogen in its core, it will go through a violent death in which it will expand, in turn increasing its gravitational forces, which will pull Earth towards it. As it nears Earth, intense tidal waves will stir within the star. When they end, Earth will end up inside the sun, dead for eternity. But there is another scenario that can unfold.&nbsp;According to the study published in the journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics on Friday, stellar winds will cause the Sun to lose a lot of mass, pushing away our planet. "Earth's fate depends on a delicate balance between these two effects," astrophysicist Mats Esseldeurs, the lead author, explained. The ultimate fate of our planet will depend on which of the two forces dominates at the time. "If tidal interactions predominate, Earth is engulfed by the sun. If the sun's mass loss predominates, Earth escapes into an orbit larger than the radius of its star," the scientist from Belgium's University of Leuven said in a statement. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/lease-for-life-on-earth-extended-as-study-finds-end-of-times-are-at-least-1-84-billion-years-away-1781617653902">Lease for life on Earth extended as study finds end of times are at least 1.84 billion years away</a>&nbsp;The study is based on tidal dissipation within giant stars. To understand how much mass the sun could lose, the researchers focused on L2 Puppis, a star they call the sun's "old cousin." &nbsp;Stephane Mathis, an astrophysicist and co-author of the study, said that "in the current state of knowledge, Earth could move away from the sun, contrary to what was predicted before." Not only would Earth escape the Sun's wrath, but even Mars would survive. However, Mercury and Venus would not be so lucky and would be swallowed by the Sun. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-theory-suggests-billions-of-mini-universes-could-be-scattered-in-our-own-cosmos-1781512244963">New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos</a><h2>Earth's future - Imminent death</h2> But humans on Earth have nothing to worry about as of now, since the Sun at least has another 5 billion years of life left. By that time, we would have long gone. Earth is currently in the middle of its 10-billion-year cosmic life cycle. As the Sun starts to burn hotter and brighter in about 1-2 billion years, our planet will witness a super-greenhouse effect, with surface temperatures climbing to over 100°C. The oceans will evaporate, and life will cease to exist. &nbsp;

Scientists say that the Sun might not swallow Earth towards its end time. There is a chance that our planet is pushed away instead of being pulled in by the dying star. A study has claimed that this is entirely possible.

A new study has changed a major belief about Earth's demise in the cosmos. For a long time, it has been hypothesised that the Sun will swallow Earth towards the end of its life when it turns into a Red Giant. However, a new study has proposed that this may or may not happen, and it depends on two things. When the sun burns through all of the hydrogen in its core, it will go through a violent death in which it will expand, in turn increasing its gravitational forces, which will pull Earth towards it. As it nears Earth, intense tidal waves will stir within the star. When they end, Earth will end up inside the sun, dead for eternity. But there is another scenario that can unfold. According to the study published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics on Friday, stellar winds will cause the Sun to lose a lot of mass, pushing away our planet. "Earth's fate depends on a delicate balance between these two effects," astrophysicist Mats Esseldeurs, the lead author, explained. The ultimate fate of our planet will depend on which of the two forces dominates at the time. "If tidal interactions predominate, Earth is engulfed by the sun. If the sun's mass loss predominates, Earth escapes into an orbit larger than the radius of its star," the scientist from Belgium's University of Leuven said in a statement. Also Read: Lease for life on Earth extended as study finds end of times are at least 1.84 billion years away The study is based on tidal dissipation within giant stars. To understand how much mass the sun could lose, the researchers focused on L2 Puppis, a star they call the sun's "old cousin." Stephane Mathis, an astrophysicist and co-author of the study, said that "in the current state of knowledge, Earth could move away from the sun, contrary to what was predicted before." Not only would Earth escape the Sun's wrath, but even Mars would survive. However, Mercury and Venus would not be so lucky and would be swallowed by the Sun. Also Read: New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos Earth's future - Imminent death But humans on Earth have nothing to worry about as of now, since the Sun at least has another 5 billion years of life left. By that time, we would have long gone. Earth is currently in the middle of its 10-billion-year cosmic life cycle. As the Sun starts to burn hotter and brighter in about 1-2 billion years, our planet will witness a super-greenhouse effect, with surface temperatures climbing to over 100°C. The oceans will evaporate, and life will cease to exist.

Scientists say that the Sun might not swallow Earth towards its end time. There is a chance that our planet is pushed away instead of being pulled in by the dying star. A study has claimed that this is entirely possible.

Sun may spare Earth and Mars, as study reverses course on death of our planet

The Tōhoku earthquake that struck off the coast of Japan in 2011 significantly shifted some parts of the country from their current place, a study has found. This is the first time that an earthquake jolted a country into changing its position. A new analysis shows that at least one seismic wave from the massive earthquake was so intense that it travelled 2,900 kilometres inside Earth, to the boundary between Earth's mantle and liquid outer core, and shot upwards. GPS observations showed that Japan had shifted to the east by up to 5 to 6 millimetres. Seismologists think that this reflected wave was responsible for the movement. The findings have been published in Science.&nbsp;The Tōhoku earthquake triggered a massive tsunami and killed thousands. It remains one of the most studied natural disasters. The researchers studied the ScS signal, or the wave that returned from deep inside Earth, and was recorded by Japan's GNSS Earth Observation Network System (GEONET).&nbsp;<h2>GPS stations shifted after 2011 earthquake</h2>They found that some GPS stations in Japan were not in their original position and had shifted slightly eastward. Ideally, after an earthquake, the ground returns to its starting position. So the researchers believed it to be a glitch and tried correcting the data. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/japan-megaquake-tsunami-warning-what-it-would-be-like-1765516275400">100 foot tsunami, vigorous shaking: This is what a megaquake would look like in Japan, according to official projections</a>&nbsp;Surprisingly, it still showed a shift in the position of the stations. It could not be explained by any other event either, such as a large underwater landslide. This led them to conclude that the shift was real and permanent. It had occurred when the ScS wave arrived back in Japan after travelling to the core-mantle boundary. Was this wave responsible for the change?<h2>Models confirmed movement in Japan</h2>To know, the researchers created models recreating the wave. One of them showed that the shear wave that returned triggered a broad pulse of fault slip where the two tectonic plates met. This is what happens at the boundary between two tectonic plates during a megathrust earthquake, such as the one in Tōhoku. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/cascadia-fault-can-spawn-rare-magnitude-9-megathrust-earthquakes-a-new-technology-can-help-prepare-for-it-1751524344625">Can a magnitude 9 earthquake hit Earth? This fault has a history of terror tremors</a>&nbsp;When the faults were already under tremendous pressure from the main Tōhoku earthquake, the returning wave added to the stress. Despite being much weaker, it was able to push the faults, leading to a permanent shift. The ScS wave arrived across Japan at the same time, and so this synchronised pulse had the force to move the stressed plate boundaries. The researchers estimated that this event released energy almost equivalent to a magnitude 7.5 earthquake. If their findings are correct, it would be the first known example of a fault-slip event caused by a seismic wave reflected from the core-mantle boundary. &nbsp;

A seismic wave travelled inside Earth, bounced back and slammed into the faults that were already shaking from the 9-magnitude earthquake. This triggered portions of Japan to shift from their place permanently, scientists say.  

The Tōhoku earthquake that struck off the coast of Japan in 2011 significantly shifted some parts of the country from their current place, a study has found. This is the first time that an earthquake jolted a country into changing its position. A new analysis shows that at least one seismic wave from the massive earthquake was so intense that it travelled 2,900 kilometres inside Earth, to the boundary between Earth's mantle and liquid outer core, and shot upwards. GPS observations showed that Japan had shifted to the east by up to 5 to 6 millimetres. Seismologists think that this reflected wave was responsible for the movement. The findings have been published in Science. The Tōhoku earthquake triggered a massive tsunami and killed thousands. It remains one of the most studied natural disasters. The researchers studied the ScS signal, or the wave that returned from deep inside Earth, and was recorded by Japan's GNSS Earth Observation Network System (GEONET). GPS stations shifted after 2011 earthquake They found that some GPS stations in Japan were not in their original position and had shifted slightly eastward. Ideally, after an earthquake, the ground returns to its starting position. So the researchers believed it to be a glitch and tried correcting the data. Also Read: 100 foot tsunami, vigorous shaking: This is what a megaquake would look like in Japan, according to official projections Surprisingly, it still showed a shift in the position of the stations. It could not be explained by any other event either, such as a large underwater landslide. This led them to conclude that the shift was real and permanent. It had occurred when the ScS wave arrived back in Japan after travelling to the core-mantle boundary. Was this wave responsible for the change? Models confirmed movement in Japan To know, the researchers created models recreating the wave. One of them showed that the shear wave that returned triggered a broad pulse of fault slip where the two tectonic plates met. This is what happens at the boundary between two tectonic plates during a megathrust earthquake, such as the one in Tōhoku. Also Read: Can a magnitude 9 earthquake hit Earth? This fault has a history of terror tremors When the faults were already under tremendous pressure from the main Tōhoku earthquake, the returning wave added to the stress. Despite being much weaker, it was able to push the faults, leading to a permanent shift. The ScS wave arrived across Japan at the same time, and so this synchronised pulse had the force to move the stressed plate boundaries. The researchers estimated that this event released energy almost equivalent to a magnitude 7.5 earthquake. If their findings are correct, it would be the first known example of a fault-slip event caused by a seismic wave reflected from the core-mantle boundary.

A seismic wave travelled inside Earth, bounced back and slammed into the faults that were already shaking from the 9-magnitude earthquake. This triggered portions of Japan to shift from their place permanently, scientists say. &nbsp;

Single wave as intense as 7-magnitude earthquake bounced off Earth's core and shifted Japan

A major scare unfolded at the International Space Station (ISS) on June 4 and 5 when Roscosmos came up with shocking plans to fix a persistent leak. NASA ordered its five astronauts to take shelter in a docked Dragon spacecraft in case things turned for the worse at the space module. Reports from Ars Technica and The Register suggest that the plans involved a drill and a saw, leaving NASA shocked. Bethany Stevens, press secretary of the space agency, informed in an X post on June 5 that the Russian cosmonauts were carrying out "a more extensive repair operation on Friday, June 5." She added, "Out of an abundance of caution, NASA has directed all four of the agency's SpaceX Crew-12 members and NASA astronaut Chris Williams to assume an elevated safety posture in the Dragon spacecraft while the repair is underway."&nbsp;So far, there has been no official word on exactly what transpired at the ISS. The leak has been a problem since at least 2019. It is located in a short tunnel section known as PrK, which connects the Russian Zvezda module to the station’s aft docking port. Officials told the two outlets that Roscosmos was ready to take drastic steps to fix the leak on June 4 and the next day.<h2>Russian space agency's drill stop plan scared NASA</h2>Roscosmos used a sealant called Germetall-1 earlier this year to fix the cracks and managed to tame the problem. However, the air started leaking again in May, and the issue aggravated in June. The space agency told NASA about its extensive plans for structural repairs. On June 4, it informed its American counterparts that they would use a drill and a “drill stop” device for physical repairs. The stop was to prevent drilling all the way through the module’s structure. NASA was concerned about the measure and threatened to put the astronauts in suits. "They didn’t care," an official told Ars Technica. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/breaking-nasa-tells-astronauts-on-space-station-to-prepare-for-potential-evacuation-over-leak-1780668462256">ISS leak updates: Roscosmos says first leak has been fixed, NASA says repair efforts have been paused</a><h2>Russian cosmonauts wanted to saw off a bracket, triggering panic</h2>The agencies continued to butt heads into Friday morning when Russian cosmonauts came up with an even more aggressive solution - using a saw to remove a load-bearing bracket. The source said that Roscosmos kept ignoring ground communication with NASA officials. At this point, NASA directed US astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, French astronaut Sophie Adenot, and Russian cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev, all part of Crew 12, and US astronaut Chris Williams, who had flown in a Russian Soyuz spacecraft, to get into SpaceX’s Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft.&nbsp;“We felt there was a very high probability of a bad outcome happening if they sawed that bracket off,” a NASA source said. This prompted Russia to back off and drop the saw plan as well. Roscosmos has now agreed to decommission the PrK module and will no longer try to pressurise it.<h2>What is the International Space Station leak?</h2> The leak at the space station has been a headache for both space agencies. The ISS has been in commission for over two decades, and the wear and tear has started showing, with corrosion being the primary reason for the crack in the PrK module. This portion leads from the main area of the Russian segment to a docking port. The tunnel needs to be pressurised for the cosmonauts to be able to access the Progress spacecraft. It starts leaking when pressure is cycled up or down. This has made the PrK vulnerable to breaking apart without warning and failing completely.&nbsp;

What happened at the International Space Station on June 4? What was the problem with the leak and the fix? NASA sources told two outlets that the Russian space agency had come up with horrific plans that could have created a major problem on the ISS. 

A major scare unfolded at the International Space Station (ISS) on June 4 and 5 when Roscosmos came up with shocking plans to fix a persistent leak. NASA ordered its five astronauts to take shelter in a docked Dragon spacecraft in case things turned for the worse at the space module. Reports from Ars Technica and The Register suggest that the plans involved a drill and a saw, leaving NASA shocked. Bethany Stevens, press secretary of the space agency, informed in an X post on June 5 that the Russian cosmonauts were carrying out "a more extensive repair operation on Friday, June 5." She added, "Out of an abundance of caution, NASA has directed all four of the agency's SpaceX Crew-12 members and NASA astronaut Chris Williams to assume an elevated safety posture in the Dragon spacecraft while the repair is underway." So far, there has been no official word on exactly what transpired at the ISS. The leak has been a problem since at least 2019. It is located in a short tunnel section known as PrK, which connects the Russian Zvezda module to the station’s aft docking port. Officials told the two outlets that Roscosmos was ready to take drastic steps to fix the leak on June 4 and the next day. Russian space agency's drill stop plan scared NASA Roscosmos used a sealant called Germetall-1 earlier this year to fix the cracks and managed to tame the problem. However, the air started leaking again in May, and the issue aggravated in June. The space agency told NASA about its extensive plans for structural repairs. On June 4, it informed its American counterparts that they would use a drill and a “drill stop” device for physical repairs. The stop was to prevent drilling all the way through the module’s structure. NASA was concerned about the measure and threatened to put the astronauts in suits. "They didn’t care," an official told Ars Technica. Also Read: ISS leak updates: Roscosmos says first leak has been fixed, NASA says repair efforts have been paused Russian cosmonauts wanted to saw off a bracket, triggering panic The agencies continued to butt heads into Friday morning when Russian cosmonauts came up with an even more aggressive solution - using a saw to remove a load-bearing bracket. The source said that Roscosmos kept ignoring ground communication with NASA officials. At this point, NASA directed US astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, French astronaut Sophie Adenot, and Russian cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev, all part of Crew 12, and US astronaut Chris Williams, who had flown in a Russian Soyuz spacecraft, to get into SpaceX’s Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft. “We felt there was a very high probability of a bad outcome happening if they sawed that bracket off,” a NASA source said. This prompted Russia to back off and drop the saw plan as well. Roscosmos has now agreed to decommission the PrK module and will no longer try to pressurise it. What is the International Space Station leak? The leak at the space station has been a headache for both space agencies. The ISS has been in commission for over two decades, and the wear and tear has started showing, with corrosion being the primary reason for the crack in the PrK module. This portion leads from the main area of the Russian segment to a docking port. The tunnel needs to be pressurised for the cosmonauts to be able to access the Progress spacecraft. It starts leaking when pressure is cycled up or down. This has made the PrK vulnerable to breaking apart without warning and failing completely.

What happened at the International Space Station on June 4? What was the problem with the leak and the fix? NASA sources told two outlets that the Russian space agency had come up with horrific plans that could have created a major problem on the ISS.&nbsp;

Russian space agency wanted to 'drill and saw' the ISS leak wall, NASA officials say

A healthy gut houses trillions of microbes that dictate essential functions of our body, acting as the central hub to digesting food, regulating our immune system, producing mood-altering neurotransmitters, and controlling metabolism. One of the major roles played by the gut is to keep a balanced microbiome, which helps prevent harmful pathogens from entering the bloodstream and regulates inflammatory responses, as nearly 70 per cent of our immune system resides in it.&nbsp;The other roles include breaking down food and absorbing vital vitamins, minerals, and amino acids required for cellular repair and energy. It also produces about 90 per cent of serotonin in the body, which acts to communicate directly with the brain, influencing mood, anxiety levels, and cognitive function. In addition, it also influences how our body stores fat, controls blood sugar, and regulates hunger hormones. Health experts also highlight the growing importance of gut health, noting that maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is essential not only for digestion but also for immunity, mental wellbeing, metabolism and healthy ageing. Reacting to the healthy gut, Dr Saroj Dubey, Consultant Gastroenterologist at Kailash Hospital, Noida, said the gut houses trillions of microorganisms that collectively form the microbiome. "The gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that collectively form the gut microbiome. These microbes do much more than help digest food. They support immune function, help produce essential nutrients, regulate metabolism, and play an important role in maintaining the body's overall balance. In fact, a significant portion of the immune system resides in the gut, making it a critical line of defence for long-term wellbeing. What makes the gut particularly important is its influence beyond digestion. Through the gut-brain axis, the gut and brain are in constant communication, affecting everything from mood and energy levels to overall health. When the balance of beneficial and harmful bacteria is disrupted, a condition known as dysbiosis can contribute to chronic inflammation, which has been associated with a range of long-term health concerns, including metabolic and lifestyle-related disorders," Dr Saroj Dubey said. However, Dr Dubey said maintaining gut health does not necessarily need drastic lifestyle changes. He added that a diet rich in fibre, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fermented foods, jointly with frequent physical activity, adequate sleep, and stress management, can help to provide a healthy gut microbiome. "Over time, these habits not only support digestive health but also lay a stronger foundation for overall health, resilience, and healthy ageing," he added.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/doctors-remove-10-cm-long-living-worms-from-under-woman-s-skin-in-china-here-is-how-she-got-infected-1781789024261">Chinese woman killed frogs at home, ended up with 10 cm-long living worms under her skin</a><h3>Modern lifestyle &amp; normalised unhealthy eating habits</h3>Echoing a similar opinion on gut health, Pranshul Aggarwal, Executive Director of Medicef Pharma and Purobien Lifesciences, noted that modern lifestyle often comes at the cost of personal health. He stated that the modern lifestyle has normalised unhealthy eating habits, leading to imbalances in our diet, which impact our health gradually. "In today's fast-paced world, being in good health is perhaps the greatest blessing. Ironically, many of us spend our healthiest years chasing financial success, often compromising our well-being in the process. We work harder, sleep less, eat on the go, and neglect self-care—only to spend our hard-earned money later trying to restore the health we once took for granted. At the heart of a healthy body and mind lies an often-overlooked organ system: the GUT. Modern lifestyles have normalised unhealthy eating habits, with refined foods, excess sugar, processed meals, and nutritional imbalances becoming a daily routine. Amidst the rush of achieving our goals, we frequently ignore the subtle signals our gut sends through digestive discomfort, fatigue, improper sleep and other health disturbances," Aggarwal said. "For decades, researchers have sought to understand why so many acute and chronic health conditions appear to be linked to GUT health. Traditional wisdom, particularly systems such as Ayurveda, has long emphasised the central role of digestive health in overall well-being. Today, modern science is increasingly validating this perspective through research on the GUT microbiome, the trillions of beneficial microorganisms that reside within our digestive tract," he added. Aggarwal added that modern scientific research is increasingly validating these traditional beliefs through studies of the gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of beneficial microorganisms living within the digestive tract. He concluded by emphasising that gut health should be viewed as a cornerstone of overall wellness. "These microscopic allies influence immunity, metabolism, energy production, brain function, even growth and development. A balanced gut microbiome supports physical vitality and mental wellness, while its disruption can contribute to a range of acute and chronic health concerns," Aggarwal also said. "The message is clear: a healthy gut is not just about digestion, it is the foundation of long-term health. By nurturing our gut, we take a step toward achieving a healthier body, a sharper mind, and a better quality of life," he further said. &nbsp;

Health experts also highlight the growing importance of gut health, noting that maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is essential not only for digestion but also for immunity, mental wellbeing, metabolism and healthy ageing.

A healthy gut houses trillions of microbes that dictate essential functions of our body, acting as the central hub to digesting food, regulating our immune system, producing mood-altering neurotransmitters, and controlling metabolism. One of the major roles played by the gut is to keep a balanced microbiome, which helps prevent harmful pathogens from entering the bloodstream and regulates inflammatory responses, as nearly 70 per cent of our immune system resides in it. The other roles include breaking down food and absorbing vital vitamins, minerals, and amino acids required for cellular repair and energy. It also produces about 90 per cent of serotonin in the body, which acts to communicate directly with the brain, influencing mood, anxiety levels, and cognitive function. In addition, it also influences how our body stores fat, controls blood sugar, and regulates hunger hormones. Health experts also highlight the growing importance of gut health, noting that maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is essential not only for digestion but also for immunity, mental wellbeing, metabolism and healthy ageing. Reacting to the healthy gut, Dr Saroj Dubey, Consultant Gastroenterologist at Kailash Hospital, Noida, said the gut houses trillions of microorganisms that collectively form the microbiome. "The gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that collectively form the gut microbiome. These microbes do much more than help digest food. They support immune function, help produce essential nutrients, regulate metabolism, and play an important role in maintaining the body's overall balance. In fact, a significant portion of the immune system resides in the gut, making it a critical line of defence for long-term wellbeing. What makes the gut particularly important is its influence beyond digestion. Through the gut-brain axis, the gut and brain are in constant communication, affecting everything from mood and energy levels to overall health. When the balance of beneficial and harmful bacteria is disrupted, a condition known as dysbiosis can contribute to chronic inflammation, which has been associated with a range of long-term health concerns, including metabolic and lifestyle-related disorders," Dr Saroj Dubey said. However, Dr Dubey said maintaining gut health does not necessarily need drastic lifestyle changes. He added that a diet rich in fibre, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fermented foods, jointly with frequent physical activity, adequate sleep, and stress management, can help to provide a healthy gut microbiome. "Over time, these habits not only support digestive health but also lay a stronger foundation for overall health, resilience, and healthy ageing," he added. Also read: Chinese woman killed frogs at home, ended up with 10 cm-long living worms under her skin Modern lifestyle & normalised unhealthy eating habits Echoing a similar opinion on gut health, Pranshul Aggarwal, Executive Director of Medicef Pharma and Purobien Lifesciences, noted that modern lifestyle often comes at the cost of personal health. He stated that the modern lifestyle has normalised unhealthy eating habits, leading to imbalances in our diet, which impact our health gradually. "In today's fast-paced world, being in good health is perhaps the greatest blessing. Ironically, many of us spend our healthiest years chasing financial success, often compromising our well-being in the process. We work harder, sleep less, eat on the go, and neglect self-care—only to spend our hard-earned money later trying to restore the health we once took for granted. At the heart of a healthy body and mind lies an often-overlooked organ system: the GUT. Modern lifestyles have normalised unhealthy eating habits, with refined foods, excess sugar, processed meals, and nutritional imbalances becoming a daily routine. Amidst the rush of achieving our goals, we frequently ignore the subtle signals our gut sends through digestive discomfort, fatigue, improper sleep and other health disturbances," Aggarwal said. "For decades, researchers have sought to understand why so many acute and chronic health conditions appear to be linked to GUT health. Traditional wisdom, particularly systems such as Ayurveda, has long emphasised the central role of digestive health in overall well-being. Today, modern science is increasingly validating this perspective through research on the GUT microbiome, the trillions of beneficial microorganisms that reside within our digestive tract," he added. Aggarwal added that modern scientific research is increasingly validating these traditional beliefs through studies of the gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of beneficial microorganisms living within the digestive tract. He concluded by emphasising that gut health should be viewed as a cornerstone of overall wellness. "These microscopic allies influence immunity, metabolism, energy production, brain function, even growth and development. A balanced gut microbiome supports physical vitality and mental wellness, while its disruption can contribute to a range of acute and chronic health concerns," Aggarwal also said. "The message is clear: a healthy gut is not just about digestion, it is the foundation of long-term health. By nurturing our gut, we take a step toward achieving a healthier body, a sharper mind, and a better quality of life," he further said.

Health experts also highlight the growing importance of gut health, noting that maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is essential not only for digestion but also for immunity, mental wellbeing, metabolism and healthy ageing.

Why healthy gut is foundation of long-term health? Experts explain

We last reported that Antarctica is seeing temperatures that are 20 degrees Celsius above normal for this time of year. Now, another report citing satellite imagery has found a notable ice gap on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. Winter in the southernmost continent runs from March to October, when floating sea ice grows around it. However, satellite images show that nearly 650,000 square kilometres of sea ice is yet to form as compared to the average amount of sea ice between 1991 and 2020. This ice gap is twice the size of the Indian state of Rajasthan.&nbsp;&nbsp;Will Hobbs, a sea ice-ocean interaction scientist at the University of Tasmania, has raised concern, stating that this is the third time in four years when the ice has been this low. He told The Guardian that it is highly unlikely that the ice will return. "I don't think we will see sea ice there any more. It's done."&nbsp;Three record lows have been recorded in the past decade, with the first one in 2016, then in 2022 and in 2023. However, Hobbs thinks that it is not clear if the ice loss is linked to global warming, and it is possible that changes in the ocean were a factor. But one fact remains that Antarctica has been losing a huge amount of ice. Experts say that it has become a pattern. "It's not good news. A warming world is going to have less sea ice," Edward Doddridge, a physical oceanographer at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies in Australia, told ABC News.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/antarctica-melts-as-temperature-soars-20-degrees-celsius-above-normal-in-june-1781518880876">Antarctica feels the heat in June as temperature soars 20 degrees Celsius above normal</a>&nbsp;The absence of sea ice triggers a dangerous domino effect. This vital ice is more than just a habitat for penguins and krill; it is a global climate regulator. It shields the ocean from sunlight, protects glacier-blocking ice shelves, and powers the critical ocean currents that are important to keep our planet's climate stable.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ice-shelf-size-of-indian-capital-city-delhi-will-detach-from-doomsday-glacier-in-2026-1779976277943">Ice shelf the size of Indian capital city Delhi will detach from 'Doomsday Glacier' in 2026</a><h2>Doomsday Glacier to lose its ice shelf in 2026</h2>A previous report in May warned that the Thwaites Glacier, also known as the Doomsday Glacier, will lose its ice shelf this year. Ice shelves float in the ocean while glaciers are attached to the ground. Robert Larter, a marine geophysicist at the British Antarctic Survey, confirmed that this event will most definitely happen, and 2026 is the year it could unfold. A study in March this year also stated that Thwaites will lose 180 billion to 200 billion tons of ice per year by 2067.Also Read:&nbsp;<h2>Heatwave grips Antarctica</h2>&nbsp;On June 6, Antarctica felt the heat from the environment as temperatures soared as high as 15.4 degrees Celsius. This is about 20 degrees Celsius above normal for this time of the year, according to a climate professor at the University of Groningen, Raúl Cordero. The year 2026 has witnessed the onset of a Super El Niño, which could bring droughts and floods to different parts of the world. &nbsp;

Antarctica is feeling weather woes as a major chunk of ice that should have formed around it this winter season has not formed. A whopping 650,000 square kilometres of sea ice is missing, which is about twice the size of Rajasthan.

We last reported that Antarctica is seeing temperatures that are 20 degrees Celsius above normal for this time of year. Now, another report citing satellite imagery has found a notable ice gap on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. Winter in the southernmost continent runs from March to October, when floating sea ice grows around it. However, satellite images show that nearly 650,000 square kilometres of sea ice is yet to form as compared to the average amount of sea ice between 1991 and 2020. This ice gap is twice the size of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Will Hobbs, a sea ice-ocean interaction scientist at the University of Tasmania, has raised concern, stating that this is the third time in four years when the ice has been this low. He told The Guardian that it is highly unlikely that the ice will return. "I don't think we will see sea ice there any more. It's done." Three record lows have been recorded in the past decade, with the first one in 2016, then in 2022 and in 2023. However, Hobbs thinks that it is not clear if the ice loss is linked to global warming, and it is possible that changes in the ocean were a factor. But one fact remains that Antarctica has been losing a huge amount of ice. Experts say that it has become a pattern. "It's not good news. A warming world is going to have less sea ice," Edward Doddridge, a physical oceanographer at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies in Australia, told ABC News. Also Read: Antarctica feels the heat in June as temperature soars 20 degrees Celsius above normal The absence of sea ice triggers a dangerous domino effect. This vital ice is more than just a habitat for penguins and krill; it is a global climate regulator. It shields the ocean from sunlight, protects glacier-blocking ice shelves, and powers the critical ocean currents that are important to keep our planet's climate stable. Also Read: Ice shelf the size of Indian capital city Delhi will detach from 'Doomsday Glacier' in 2026 Doomsday Glacier to lose its ice shelf in 2026 A previous report in May warned that the Thwaites Glacier, also known as the Doomsday Glacier, will lose its ice shelf this year. Ice shelves float in the ocean while glaciers are attached to the ground. Robert Larter, a marine geophysicist at the British Antarctic Survey, confirmed that this event will most definitely happen, and 2026 is the year it could unfold. A study in March this year also stated that Thwaites will lose 180 billion to 200 billion tons of ice per year by 2067. Also Read: Heatwave grips Antarctica On June 6, Antarctica felt the heat from the environment as temperatures soared as high as 15.4 degrees Celsius. This is about 20 degrees Celsius above normal for this time of the year, according to a climate professor at the University of Groningen, Raúl Cordero. The year 2026 has witnessed the onset of a Super El Niño, which could bring droughts and floods to different parts of the world.

Antarctica is feeling weather woes as a major chunk of ice that should have formed around it this winter season has not formed. A whopping 650,000 square kilometres of sea ice is missing, which is about twice the size of Rajasthan.

Sea ice twice the size of Rajasthan goes missing from Antarctica in winter

A mission named Curveball by Rocket Lab saw a rocket that was not meant to reach low-Earth orbit, somehow end up right there. The US Space Force was left puzzled when it spotted HASTE, short for Hypersonic Accelerator Suborbital Test Electron, in orbit. The company launched a mysterious payload on its suborbital rocket on June 11. It took off from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia on a government mission with a secret payload. HASTE is a modified version of the company’s Electron rocket that can fly at five times the speed of sound. It has taken seven flights till now. But its latest launch has stumped everyone.&nbsp;According to Rocket Lab, the rocket offers “reliable, high-cadence flight test opportunities needed to advance hypersonic and suborbital system technology development." It took its first flight on June 17, 2023, and is used as a testing tech by the US Department of Defense and others developing hypersonic technology. Before this, HASTE was contracted by the Department of Defense to deploy a scramjet-powered aircraft developed by Australian aerospace engineering firm Hypersonix.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/griffin-1-lander-will-carry-time-capsule-and-messages-from-japanese-children-to-the-moon-1781602219559">Griffin-1 lander will carry time capsule and messages from Japanese children to the Moon</a><h2>Was the suborbital rocket sent to orbit intentionally?&nbsp;</h2>Curveball was on a government mission, as per the details available, and there is no information on the kind of payload it was carrying. How a suborbital rocket ended up in low-Earth orbit remains a mystery. It is unclear whether Rocket Lab intentionally set it for orbit or if it ended up there by mistake. Gizmodo quoted astronomer Jonathan McDowell as saying that the orbital parameters for Curveball indicate that the rocket’s stages are being tracked in a 200-kilometre orbit with a 40-degree inclination. However, where the payload is now is not known.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-theory-suggests-billions-of-mini-universes-could-be-scattered-in-our-own-cosmos-1781512244963">New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos</a>&nbsp;McDowell wrote on X, "Does this mean CURVEBALL reached orbit and then the payload was deorbited on first orbit?" There is also the possibility that the payload completed its orbit and crashed down on Earth, after which it was recovered over the western US.&nbsp;

HASTE flew on the Curveball mission with a secret payload. Now the payload is missing and the rocket is in low-Earth orbit. It is a sub-orbital rocket and was never meant to reach that high. So, what happened?

A mission named Curveball by Rocket Lab saw a rocket that was not meant to reach low-Earth orbit, somehow end up right there. The US Space Force was left puzzled when it spotted HASTE, short for Hypersonic Accelerator Suborbital Test Electron, in orbit. The company launched a mysterious payload on its suborbital rocket on June 11. It took off from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia on a government mission with a secret payload. HASTE is a modified version of the company’s Electron rocket that can fly at five times the speed of sound. It has taken seven flights till now. But its latest launch has stumped everyone. According to Rocket Lab, the rocket offers “reliable, high-cadence flight test opportunities needed to advance hypersonic and suborbital system technology development." It took its first flight on June 17, 2023, and is used as a testing tech by the US Department of Defense and others developing hypersonic technology. Before this, HASTE was contracted by the Department of Defense to deploy a scramjet-powered aircraft developed by Australian aerospace engineering firm Hypersonix. Also Read: Griffin-1 lander will carry time capsule and messages from Japanese children to the Moon Was the suborbital rocket sent to orbit intentionally? Curveball was on a government mission, as per the details available, and there is no information on the kind of payload it was carrying. How a suborbital rocket ended up in low-Earth orbit remains a mystery. It is unclear whether Rocket Lab intentionally set it for orbit or if it ended up there by mistake. Gizmodo quoted astronomer Jonathan McDowell as saying that the orbital parameters for Curveball indicate that the rocket’s stages are being tracked in a 200-kilometre orbit with a 40-degree inclination. However, where the payload is now is not known. Also Read: New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos McDowell wrote on X, "Does this mean CURVEBALL reached orbit and then the payload was deorbited on first orbit?" There is also the possibility that the payload completed its orbit and crashed down on Earth, after which it was recovered over the western US.

HASTE flew on the Curveball mission with a secret payload. Now the payload is missing and the rocket is in low-Earth orbit. It is a sub-orbital rocket and was never meant to reach that high. So, what happened?

A real 'Curveball': This rocket shouldn't have reached low-Earth orbit, but it somehow did

Southern California is facing the greatest threat of a major earthquake as scientists have revealed that two big fault​ lines are at their highest levels of tectonic stress in 1,000 years. The San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems are carrying more pent-up stress than in the past 1,000 years. If even one of them ruptures, the effects could propagate to the others. The findings were published in the Journal of Geophysical Research on June 3. The study authors state that the two fault lines meet at a junction called the Cajon Pass, which acts like an earthquake gate &nbsp;- it can both prevent and facilitate a rupture from passing through. Stress levels dictate when the gate opens or closes. If the stress and pressure levels are the same on both the San Andreas and the San Jacinto, a rupture on one fault can easily break right through the gate and trigger the other fault. The result is a massive, combined earthquake.<h2>Which places would be affected by this earthquake in California?</h2>&nbsp;Worryingly, this is exactly what is happening at both fault lines at the moment. The researchers said that both of them have comparable, extremely elevated stress levels at the moment, or are "critically loaded". They warned that the resulting earthquake would affect Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside and the Coachella Valley. "Our results show that stress levels on multiple fault segments are now at or above the highest values seen in the past millennium and that the region may be capable of a large through-going rupture involving both fault systems," first author Liliane Burkhard said in a statement.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/not-california-a-magnitude-7-earthquake-can-kill-86-000-people-in-little-known-us-seismic-zone-1757330816093">Scientists warn 86,000 people could die in devastating earthquake in little-known US seismic zone</a><h2>History of major earthquakes in California</h2>&nbsp;A magnitude-7.9 earthquake devastated San Francisco on 18 April 1906. It occurred from a rupture in the northern San Andreas Fault. However, the southern portions remained unaffected. The researchers said that if pressure is relieved on one part of the fault network, the others do not undergo any changes. In this case, the southern fault systems continued to accumulate energy, and some portions have been doing this for centuries. The San Andreas and San Jacinto faults have together caused 36 earthquakes in the past 1,000 years. A 7.9-magnitude quake slammed Southern California in 1857. The gates at the Cajon Pass did not open at this time, but they did when a similar megaquake hit in 1812. So the last Big One happened nearly 170 years ago.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/japan-megaquake-tsunami-warning-what-it-would-be-like-1765516275400">100-foot tsunami, vigorous shaking: This is what a megaquake would look like in Japan, according to official projections</a><h2>Model created a history of tectonic stress in California</h2>&nbsp;Burkhand, a planetary geologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland and at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and his team built a model showing the last 1,000 years of major earthquake activity along the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems. Tree-ring records and age data from sediments were incorporated into the model, which simulated the accumulation, release and propagation of tectonic stress. Burkhard said that they cannot estimate the chances and timing of either of the two branches of the San Andreas fault rupturing, or of a tripartite rupture where these two, plus the San Jacinto fault, are involved.&nbsp;However, understanding how much pressure is accumulating can help officials and policymakers plan for such an event before it hits. "What we can say is that the system is critically stressed, and that physics-based models like this one give us a clearer picture of the range of scenarios we should be prepared for," she said.

The levels of stress in the San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems are at an all-time high. Scientists have warned that if two branches of the San Andreas fault and the San Jacinto rupture at the same time, the event will unleash a monster earthquake.

Southern California is facing the greatest threat of a major earthquake as scientists have revealed that two big fault lines are at their highest levels of tectonic stress in 1,000 years. The San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems are carrying more pent-up stress than in the past 1,000 years. If even one of them ruptures, the effects could propagate to the others. The findings were published in the Journal of Geophysical Research on June 3. The study authors state that the two fault lines meet at a junction called the Cajon Pass, which acts like an earthquake gate - it can both prevent and facilitate a rupture from passing through. Stress levels dictate when the gate opens or closes. If the stress and pressure levels are the same on both the San Andreas and the San Jacinto, a rupture on one fault can easily break right through the gate and trigger the other fault. The result is a massive, combined earthquake. Which places would be affected by this earthquake in California? Worryingly, this is exactly what is happening at both fault lines at the moment. The researchers said that both of them have comparable, extremely elevated stress levels at the moment, or are "critically loaded". They warned that the resulting earthquake would affect Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside and the Coachella Valley. "Our results show that stress levels on multiple fault segments are now at or above the highest values seen in the past millennium and that the region may be capable of a large through-going rupture involving both fault systems," first author Liliane Burkhard said in a statement. Also Read: Scientists warn 86,000 people could die in devastating earthquake in little-known US seismic zone History of major earthquakes in California A magnitude-7.9 earthquake devastated San Francisco on 18 April 1906. It occurred from a rupture in the northern San Andreas Fault. However, the southern portions remained unaffected. The researchers said that if pressure is relieved on one part of the fault network, the others do not undergo any changes. In this case, the southern fault systems continued to accumulate energy, and some portions have been doing this for centuries. The San Andreas and San Jacinto faults have together caused 36 earthquakes in the past 1,000 years. A 7.9-magnitude quake slammed Southern California in 1857. The gates at the Cajon Pass did not open at this time, but they did when a similar megaquake hit in 1812. So the last Big One happened nearly 170 years ago. Also Read: 100-foot tsunami, vigorous shaking: This is what a megaquake would look like in Japan, according to official projections Model created a history of tectonic stress in California Burkhand, a planetary geologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland and at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and his team built a model showing the last 1,000 years of major earthquake activity along the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems. Tree-ring records and age data from sediments were incorporated into the model, which simulated the accumulation, release and propagation of tectonic stress. Burkhard said that they cannot estimate the chances and timing of either of the two branches of the San Andreas fault rupturing, or of a tripartite rupture where these two, plus the San Jacinto fault, are involved. However, understanding how much pressure is accumulating can help officials and policymakers plan for such an event before it hits. "What we can say is that the system is critically stressed, and that physics-based models like this one give us a clearer picture of the range of scenarios we should be prepared for," she said.

The levels of stress in the San Andreas and San Jacinto fault systems are at an all-time high. Scientists have warned that if two branches of the San Andreas fault and the San Jacinto rupture at the same time, the event will unleash a monster earthquake.

California earthquake: Risk of tripartite rupture in 'critically loaded' fault lines at a 1,000-year high

A study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres has pushed the upper limit for complex plant life to survive on Earth by hundreds of millions of years. Previous estimates suggested that Earth's biosphere would meet its demise in about 1.35 billion years. However, three-dimensional (3D) general circulation models show that the more adaptable plants would actually be able to live for another 1.84 billion years. Older models predicted that as the Sun continues to age and brighten, global temperatures will skyrocket quickly, creating a world where plants would not be able to live.&nbsp;&nbsp;As for the humans, we would be gone within the next few hundred million years. But scientists in the new study state that they vastly overestimated how fast the Earth will warm up for the plants. The clear timeline emerged as the new model took into consideration complex, realistic factors like atmospheric circulation and cloud behaviour.<h2>When Sun gets older and brighter, what happens to Earth?</h2>The study explored two extreme scenarios for Earth in the future as the Sun gets older. Our planet will need to endure weathering—the chemical process where atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with rainwater and rocks, locking carbon away. When this happens, the strong weathering could trigger a massive drawdown of CO2 to buffer the rising temperatures. While global temperatures will stay stable, the atmosphere will eventually run out of CO2. The plants would starve and die out in about 1.35 billion years when CO2 drops below 10 parts per million, as per older models. But the new model states that some plant life would be better at adapting to the new circumstances and could live even at 1 part per million of CO2.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/1-8mn-year-old-fiery-discovery-in-south-african-cave-could-change-timeline-of-human-history-1781530048766">1.8 million-year-old 'fiery' discovery in South African cave could change timeline of human history</a>&nbsp;However, the weathering could be weak as well. In this case, the gas levels will remain high, and CO2 won't be removed. The Sun will bake the planet, and in this case, the 3D model shows the climate remains tolerable for most land plants until 1.68 billion years. This thermal ceiling for all plant life could reach 1.87 billion years. The study shows that whether plants die from a lack of carbon dioxide or are roasted from extreme heat, in either case, it has a realistic window of 1.68 to 1.84 billion years before oceans evaporate.

Complex plant life on Earth will be able to survive the most extreme scenario created by the heating and ageing Sun. A study has found that the biosphere could live for another 1.84 billion years. However, humans would have already been long gone.

A study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres has pushed the upper limit for complex plant life to survive on Earth by hundreds of millions of years. Previous estimates suggested that Earth's biosphere would meet its demise in about 1.35 billion years. However, three-dimensional (3D) general circulation models show that the more adaptable plants would actually be able to live for another 1.84 billion years. Older models predicted that as the Sun continues to age and brighten, global temperatures will skyrocket quickly, creating a world where plants would not be able to live. As for the humans, we would be gone within the next few hundred million years. But scientists in the new study state that they vastly overestimated how fast the Earth will warm up for the plants. The clear timeline emerged as the new model took into consideration complex, realistic factors like atmospheric circulation and cloud behaviour. When Sun gets older and brighter, what happens to Earth? The study explored two extreme scenarios for Earth in the future as the Sun gets older. Our planet will need to endure weathering—the chemical process where atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with rainwater and rocks, locking carbon away. When this happens, the strong weathering could trigger a massive drawdown of CO2 to buffer the rising temperatures. While global temperatures will stay stable, the atmosphere will eventually run out of CO2. The plants would starve and die out in about 1.35 billion years when CO2 drops below 10 parts per million, as per older models. But the new model states that some plant life would be better at adapting to the new circumstances and could live even at 1 part per million of CO2. Also Read: 1.8 million-year-old 'fiery' discovery in South African cave could change timeline of human history However, the weathering could be weak as well. In this case, the gas levels will remain high, and CO2 won't be removed. The Sun will bake the planet, and in this case, the 3D model shows the climate remains tolerable for most land plants until 1.68 billion years. This thermal ceiling for all plant life could reach 1.87 billion years. The study shows that whether plants die from a lack of carbon dioxide or are roasted from extreme heat, in either case, it has a realistic window of 1.68 to 1.84 billion years before oceans evaporate.

Complex plant life on Earth will be able to survive the most extreme scenario created by the heating and ageing Sun. A study has found that the biosphere could live for another 1.84 billion years. However, humans would have already been long gone.

Lease for life on Earth extended as study finds end of times are at least 1.84 billion years away

Pittsburgh-based company Astrobotic has unveiled its Griffin-1 lunar lander, a part of NASA's Moon Base II mission. It is the initial phase of establishing a permanent human outpost on the Moon. The lander is currently scheduled to lift off towards the end of 2026 aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. "This is the first infrastructure-class lander going to the surface of the moon," Astrobotic CEO John Thornton said. Griffin will carry several payloads and research and technology demonstrations to the Moon as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program, including the FLIP (Flex Lunar Innovation Platform) rover. Thornton said the lander will be "part of the cornerstone of building the moon base".&nbsp;Astrobotic is currently finishing integrating the payloads with the lander, and work is expected to finish by June 20. Astrobotic's own BEACON CubeRover, which it has developed in coordination with Mission Control Space Services, is part of the mission. The European Space Agency's LandCam-X, will also be carried to the Moon by Griffin and has been designed to help improve lunar landing precision and reliability.&nbsp;Gryphon-1 will be transported to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California next week, where environmental tests will be carried out. Later, it will be delivered to Florida, where the FLIP rover will be integrated into the lander prior to launch.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-theory-suggests-billions-of-mini-universes-could-be-scattered-in-our-own-cosmos-1781512244963">New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos</a><h2>Astrobotic's second moon mission after the failed Peregrine&nbsp;</h2>This is the second lunar mission by Astrobotic. The smaller Peregrine lunar lander was launched in January 2024, but a propellant leak cut short its time in space, and it failed to reach its destination. Peregrine Mission One was the first-ever NASA CLPS flight. Griffin is 6 feet tall and twice as wide as Peregrine. NASA has joined hands with commercial companies for lunar landers, which will deliver technology demonstrations and other payloads to the surface of the moon. It is part of the larger Artemis program, which aims to land humans on the moon, build a base and eventually establish a permanent habitation.<h2>What is Griffin carrying to the Moon?</h2>According to Astrobotic, Griffin's payload capacity to the lunar surface stands at 625 kilograms, costing $1.2 million per kilogram. It will carry 10 payloads from six separate nations in total, with four additional NASA payloads aboard FLIP. Some other items are also being shipped to the Moon. This includes messages from children in Japan on a plaque from the Nippon Travel Agency; a payload from the Galactic Library to Preserve Humanity from Nanofiche carrying a super miniaturised collection of literature and art; and a MoonBox capsule filled with items from around the world sent to the Tokyo-based company Astrobotic on micro SD cards.&nbsp;

Astrobotic's Griffin-1 lunar lander will be launched in late 2026, carrying 10 payloads from different countries and four others from NASA. It also includes messages from Japanese children and a moon capsule. 

Pittsburgh-based company Astrobotic has unveiled its Griffin-1 lunar lander, a part of NASA's Moon Base II mission. It is the initial phase of establishing a permanent human outpost on the Moon. The lander is currently scheduled to lift off towards the end of 2026 aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. "This is the first infrastructure-class lander going to the surface of the moon," Astrobotic CEO John Thornton said. Griffin will carry several payloads and research and technology demonstrations to the Moon as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program, including the FLIP (Flex Lunar Innovation Platform) rover. Thornton said the lander will be "part of the cornerstone of building the moon base". Astrobotic is currently finishing integrating the payloads with the lander, and work is expected to finish by June 20. Astrobotic's own BEACON CubeRover, which it has developed in coordination with Mission Control Space Services, is part of the mission. The European Space Agency's LandCam-X, will also be carried to the Moon by Griffin and has been designed to help improve lunar landing precision and reliability. Gryphon-1 will be transported to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California next week, where environmental tests will be carried out. Later, it will be delivered to Florida, where the FLIP rover will be integrated into the lander prior to launch. Also Read: New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos Astrobotic's second moon mission after the failed Peregrine This is the second lunar mission by Astrobotic. The smaller Peregrine lunar lander was launched in January 2024, but a propellant leak cut short its time in space, and it failed to reach its destination. Peregrine Mission One was the first-ever NASA CLPS flight. Griffin is 6 feet tall and twice as wide as Peregrine. NASA has joined hands with commercial companies for lunar landers, which will deliver technology demonstrations and other payloads to the surface of the moon. It is part of the larger Artemis program, which aims to land humans on the moon, build a base and eventually establish a permanent habitation. What is Griffin carrying to the Moon? According to Astrobotic, Griffin's payload capacity to the lunar surface stands at 625 kilograms, costing $1.2 million per kilogram. It will carry 10 payloads from six separate nations in total, with four additional NASA payloads aboard FLIP. Some other items are also being shipped to the Moon. This includes messages from children in Japan on a plaque from the Nippon Travel Agency; a payload from the Galactic Library to Preserve Humanity from Nanofiche carrying a super miniaturised collection of literature and art; and a MoonBox capsule filled with items from around the world sent to the Tokyo-based company Astrobotic on micro SD cards.

Astrobotic's Griffin-1 lunar lander will be launched in late 2026, carrying 10 payloads from different countries and four others from NASA. It also includes messages from Japanese children and a moon capsule.&nbsp;

Griffin-1 lander will carry time capsule and messages from Japanese children to the Moon

The Great Pyramid of Giza has been around for more than 4500 years. It had survived many earthquakes, including the 5.8 high-magnitude earthquake of 1992, which had shaken some of the outer casing of the pyramid, but the core remained intact. For years, it has been a baffling question for researchers how these architectural monuments stood the test of time. A study published in the Scientific Reports, by Egyptian geophysicist Asem Salama and his colleagues, provides insights into its performance during earthquakes and identifies some interesting features.<h2>Seismic frequency mismatch</h2>Researchers found a seismic frequency mismatch. Researchers measured ambient vibrations at 37 internal and external locations. They found that its natural frequencies, the frequency at which it likes to vibrate, range between &nbsp;2.0 and 2.6 hertz. At the same time, the surrounding soil has a dominant frequency of around 0.6 hertz. The study used a method called horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis, or HVSR, which records tiny background motion from wind, traffic, human activity and natural ground vibrations.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/iran-added-psychologists-assess-donald-trump-behaviour-us-iran-talks-1781588098876">Trump seen as ‘mentally deficient’? Iran reportedly added psychologists for negotiations</a><h2>Internal shock absorbers</h2>The study showed that the Pyramid's internal structures actively manage vibration to dampen the energy before it can compromise the internal structure. Just above the King's chamber in the pyramid, there are relieving chambers which reported reduced vibrations and act as major shock absorbers. Beyond Seismic activity, the granite formation of the structure reflects waves instead of absorbing them. Because of the dense nature of the granites due to high concentration of quartz crystal and their dense molecular structure, they also create acoustic effects.<h2>What does it imply?</h2>Every structure has its natural frequency. If the surrounding frequency during the earthquake matches the frequency, then it could amplify the motion, and this is called resonance, which would be catastrophic. Because the frequencies of the ground and the monument are completely mismatched, earthquake energy cannot efficiently transfer into or be amplified within the structure, thereby protecting it from collapse. But it's also to be noted that modern earthquake design relies on much more than just frequency comparison. Like the intensity of the shaking, the weight and flexibility of the structure, and the centre of mass of the structure. The Pyramid does have a favourable structure, like a broad base, a low centre of mass, a tapering form and a symmetrical plan. It is fair to conclude that the makers of the pyramid made some efficient design and engineering choices.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

A new study reveals how the Great Pyramid of Giza's unique design, frequency mismatch, and internal chambers help it withstand earthquakes.

The Great Pyramid of Giza has been around for more than 4500 years. It had survived many earthquakes, including the 5.8 high-magnitude earthquake of 1992, which had shaken some of the outer casing of the pyramid, but the core remained intact. For years, it has been a baffling question for researchers how these architectural monuments stood the test of time. A study published in the Scientific Reports, by Egyptian geophysicist Asem Salama and his colleagues, provides insights into its performance during earthquakes and identifies some interesting features. Seismic frequency mismatch Researchers found a seismic frequency mismatch. Researchers measured ambient vibrations at 37 internal and external locations. They found that its natural frequencies, the frequency at which it likes to vibrate, range between 2.0 and 2.6 hertz. At the same time, the surrounding soil has a dominant frequency of around 0.6 hertz. The study used a method called horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis, or HVSR, which records tiny background motion from wind, traffic, human activity and natural ground vibrations. Also Read: Trump seen as ‘mentally deficient’? Iran reportedly added psychologists for negotiations Internal shock absorbers The study showed that the Pyramid's internal structures actively manage vibration to dampen the energy before it can compromise the internal structure. Just above the King's chamber in the pyramid, there are relieving chambers which reported reduced vibrations and act as major shock absorbers. Beyond Seismic activity, the granite formation of the structure reflects waves instead of absorbing them. Because of the dense nature of the granites due to high concentration of quartz crystal and their dense molecular structure, they also create acoustic effects. What does it imply? Every structure has its natural frequency. If the surrounding frequency during the earthquake matches the frequency, then it could amplify the motion, and this is called resonance, which would be catastrophic. Because the frequencies of the ground and the monument are completely mismatched, earthquake energy cannot efficiently transfer into or be amplified within the structure, thereby protecting it from collapse. But it's also to be noted that modern earthquake design relies on much more than just frequency comparison. Like the intensity of the shaking, the weight and flexibility of the structure, and the centre of mass of the structure. The Pyramid does have a favourable structure, like a broad base, a low centre of mass, a tapering form and a symmetrical plan. It is fair to conclude that the makers of the pyramid made some efficient design and engineering choices.

A new study reveals how the Great Pyramid of Giza's unique design, frequency mismatch, and internal chambers help it withstand earthquakes.

How the Great Pyramids of Giza survived 4,500 years of earthquakes, study reveals

The total solar eclipse on August 12, 2026, can be seen as a sunset eclipse by people in the Mediterranean. It will be the first total solar eclipse to be visible from Europe in over 27 years. It will happen right before the Perseid meteor shower peaks. 

The total solar eclipse on August 12, 2026, can be seen as a sunset eclipse by people in the Mediterranean. It will be the first total solar eclipse to be visible from Europe in over 27 years. It will happen right before the Perseid meteor shower peaks.&nbsp;

Total Solar Eclipse 2026: What is a 'sunset eclipse' that will be visible in August?

A discovery in South Africa suggests that humans may have learned to control fire many years before previously estimated. Scientists have found burned mammal bones dating up to 1.79 million years in the Wonderwerk Cave, a site where many prehistoric discoveries have been made in the past. These new bones have been found inside several owl remains, such as fossilised pellets, clumps of fur, and animal remains the owls spit out.&nbsp;&nbsp;The researchers believe that the new discovery points to the possibility that Homo erectus carried fire into the cave regularly and used the dry pellets as fuel to fan the flames. The study has been described as a "momentous shift in the relations between hominins and their natural and cultural environments" because learning to control fire marked an important chapter of human history. The groundbreaking archaeological study was published in PLOS One.&nbsp;The international team of scientists analysed 161 fossilised small mammal bones, mostly obtained from pellets. They found clear signs that the tiny bones were exposed to high heat. The discovery was made nearly 100 feet deep inside the cave, which means that natural wildfires were not responsible for this occurrence, as the flames cannot spread that far into a cave's interior. Hence, humans were exposing the bones to fire themselves, the team concluded.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/ancient-humans-had-a-mining-factory-in-the-mountains-7-000-years-ago-for-5-000-years-1780474673699">Ancient humans had a mining factory in the mountains 7,000 years ago, for 5,000 years</a><h2>Homo erectus did not know how to make fire</h2>&nbsp;However, this is different from making the fire themselves and research has shown that Homo erectus were likely "harvesting" natural fires caused by lightning strikes or bushfires and then carried them into the cave, where they used different ways to keep it alive. Piles of dried owl pellets would have acted like a thick wool rug. Homo erectus dropped an ember onto the bones and fur to keep the fire smouldering in a specific, controlled spot while preventing it from spreading to other areas.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/peru-conehead-mummies-another-dna-analysis-bites-the-dust-as-scientists-fail-to-dismiss-extraterrestrial-claims-1780038189654">Another DNA analysis bites the dust as scientists fail to rule out 'extraterrestrial' origins</a>&nbsp;Scientists also dismissed the possibility that the bones could have been stained black by minerals. They used a new, non-destructive luminescence technique. for this, in which they shone a specialised blue light through optical filters onto the bones, which emitted a distinct reddish glow that unburnt bones didn't.

Way before early Humans knew how to make fire, they learned to control it. Previous research showed that this happened about a million years ago. But a South African cave could push this timeline back by several thousand years.

A discovery in South Africa suggests that humans may have learned to control fire many years before previously estimated. Scientists have found burned mammal bones dating up to 1.79 million years in the Wonderwerk Cave, a site where many prehistoric discoveries have been made in the past. These new bones have been found inside several owl remains, such as fossilised pellets, clumps of fur, and animal remains the owls spit out. The researchers believe that the new discovery points to the possibility that Homo erectus carried fire into the cave regularly and used the dry pellets as fuel to fan the flames. The study has been described as a "momentous shift in the relations between hominins and their natural and cultural environments" because learning to control fire marked an important chapter of human history. The groundbreaking archaeological study was published in PLOS One. The international team of scientists analysed 161 fossilised small mammal bones, mostly obtained from pellets. They found clear signs that the tiny bones were exposed to high heat. The discovery was made nearly 100 feet deep inside the cave, which means that natural wildfires were not responsible for this occurrence, as the flames cannot spread that far into a cave's interior. Hence, humans were exposing the bones to fire themselves, the team concluded. Also Read: Ancient humans had a mining factory in the mountains 7,000 years ago, for 5,000 years Homo erectus did not know how to make fire However, this is different from making the fire themselves and research has shown that Homo erectus were likely "harvesting" natural fires caused by lightning strikes or bushfires and then carried them into the cave, where they used different ways to keep it alive. Piles of dried owl pellets would have acted like a thick wool rug. Homo erectus dropped an ember onto the bones and fur to keep the fire smouldering in a specific, controlled spot while preventing it from spreading to other areas. Also Read: Another DNA analysis bites the dust as scientists fail to rule out 'extraterrestrial' origins Scientists also dismissed the possibility that the bones could have been stained black by minerals. They used a new, non-destructive luminescence technique. for this, in which they shone a specialised blue light through optical filters onto the bones, which emitted a distinct reddish glow that unburnt bones didn't.

Way before early Humans knew how to make fire, they learned to control it. Previous research showed that this happened about a million years ago. But a South African cave could push this timeline back by several thousand years.

1.8 million-year-old 'fiery' discovery in South African cave could change timeline of human history

A new study has revealed that getting older does not mean losing mental sharpness, but the brain health and cognitive abilities can continue to improve throughout life. The findings were discovered by researchers at The University of Texas at Dallas' Centre for BrainHealth (CBH) after three years of study. The research article, published in Scientific Reports, a Nature journal, drew on data from The BrainHealth Project (BHP), an initiative started by CBH in 2020 to understand the ability of people to strengthen and optimise brain health across the lifespan. Researchers found 3,966 adults aged between 19 and 94, representing roughly one-fifth of all BrainHealth Project participants. Over the course of three years, participants finished a small training that required only five to 15 minutes per day. During the activity, the team used the BrainHealth Index (BHI), a patent-pending assessment developed by CBH researchers, which was first introduced in a 2021 pilot study. The BHI is formulated to find both improvements and declines in brain health, measuring three primary areas: clarity, emotional balance, and connectedness to people and purpose. "The BrainHealth Index brings together about 20 metrics, including validated gold-standard measures like the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, as well as tasks designed at the Centre for BrainHealth to focus on more complex thinking skills," said Lori Cook MS'02, PhD'09, CBH director of clinical research and corresponding author of the Scientific Reports study. "This battery of assessments produces insights into individual brain health and change over time. Progress is measured by comparing results with participants' own earlier scores." Cook, who is also employed as an adjunct assistant professor in the School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, stated that the discovery challenges common assumptions about ageing and cognition. "Every brain is as unique as a fingerprint and has growth potential," Cook said. "This study challenges the prevailing narrative of inevitable cognitive decline, suggesting instead that brain health can be proactively cultivated at any age."&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-science-behind-why-you-keep-scrolling-and-how-it-rewires-your-brain-1781455009989">The science behind why you keep scrolling – and how it rewires your brain</a><h3>Brain is defined by possibility, says study</h3>According to the researchers, positive changes were observed even among participants in their 80s, showing that efforts to improve brain health can be beneficial long before symptoms or disease appear and can remain effective later in life. "For too long, we've operated under the outdated notion that we need to wait until something bad happens to our brains before we do anything for them," said Sandra Bond Chapman, PhD'86, senior author of the study, CBH chief director and Dee Wyly Distinguished University Chair for BrainHealth. "This study reminds us that our brain is not defined by age -- it is defined by possibility." One of the key findings of the study was that participants who began with the lowest BrainHealth Index scores showed the greatest gains over the course of the research. "Those who are starting at the lowest level appear to have the most opportunity for growth and may be coming in with more preexisting concerns," Cook said. "As such, they may be more motivated to invest the time needed to see more growth potential. But it is noteworthy that we saw measurable growth even in those entering as high performers." Researchers identified engagement as the most significant factor driving improvement. Variables such as age, gender, and educational background did not influence whether participants benefited. However, Cook pointed out that the study sample was not fully reflective of the general population, as most participants were white, female, and had a college education. "We have room to grow when it comes to representation for different demographic groups," she said. "We're working hard to increase representation, so we can be even more confident in how this generalises to the population at large, especially communities typically underrepresented in research." Cook, who has collaborated with Chapman for over 25 years since starting as a research assistant, said she appreciates CBH's integrated approach that combines clinical research, practical care, and community engagement. She also stressed the need to present scientific discoveries in ways that are understandable and relevant to the public. "One piece that is so near and dear to my heart is helping people link neuroplasticity with self-agency," she said. "Brain health isn't just something we strive to maintain; we can actively shape it over time. Research like ours, which provides an objective measure of brain health that people can track over time, can only further boost public awareness." The BrainHealth Project continues to gather long-term insight through additional studies and follow-up research. As part of these efforts, around 400 participants from the Dallas region have undergone more than 1,200 brain scans at the Sammons BrainHealth Imaging Centre. Cook further added that the dataset provides an opportunity to look at neural metrics linked with the BHI, giving the capacity to use periodic brain imaging to figure out future brain mechanisms linked with changes in brain health over time.

Researchers identified engagement as the most significant factor driving improvement. Variables such as age, gender, and educational background did not influence whether participants benefited. 

A new study has revealed that getting older does not mean losing mental sharpness, but the brain health and cognitive abilities can continue to improve throughout life. The findings were discovered by researchers at The University of Texas at Dallas' Centre for BrainHealth (CBH) after three years of study. The research article, published in Scientific Reports, a Nature journal, drew on data from The BrainHealth Project (BHP), an initiative started by CBH in 2020 to understand the ability of people to strengthen and optimise brain health across the lifespan. Researchers found 3,966 adults aged between 19 and 94, representing roughly one-fifth of all BrainHealth Project participants. Over the course of three years, participants finished a small training that required only five to 15 minutes per day. During the activity, the team used the BrainHealth Index (BHI), a patent-pending assessment developed by CBH researchers, which was first introduced in a 2021 pilot study. The BHI is formulated to find both improvements and declines in brain health, measuring three primary areas: clarity, emotional balance, and connectedness to people and purpose. "The BrainHealth Index brings together about 20 metrics, including validated gold-standard measures like the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, as well as tasks designed at the Centre for BrainHealth to focus on more complex thinking skills," said Lori Cook MS'02, PhD'09, CBH director of clinical research and corresponding author of the Scientific Reports study. "This battery of assessments produces insights into individual brain health and change over time. Progress is measured by comparing results with participants' own earlier scores." Cook, who is also employed as an adjunct assistant professor in the School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, stated that the discovery challenges common assumptions about ageing and cognition. "Every brain is as unique as a fingerprint and has growth potential," Cook said. "This study challenges the prevailing narrative of inevitable cognitive decline, suggesting instead that brain health can be proactively cultivated at any age." Also read: The science behind why you keep scrolling – and how it rewires your brain Brain is defined by possibility, says study According to the researchers, positive changes were observed even among participants in their 80s, showing that efforts to improve brain health can be beneficial long before symptoms or disease appear and can remain effective later in life. "For too long, we've operated under the outdated notion that we need to wait until something bad happens to our brains before we do anything for them," said Sandra Bond Chapman, PhD'86, senior author of the study, CBH chief director and Dee Wyly Distinguished University Chair for BrainHealth. "This study reminds us that our brain is not defined by age -- it is defined by possibility." One of the key findings of the study was that participants who began with the lowest BrainHealth Index scores showed the greatest gains over the course of the research. "Those who are starting at the lowest level appear to have the most opportunity for growth and may be coming in with more preexisting concerns," Cook said. "As such, they may be more motivated to invest the time needed to see more growth potential. But it is noteworthy that we saw measurable growth even in those entering as high performers." Researchers identified engagement as the most significant factor driving improvement. Variables such as age, gender, and educational background did not influence whether participants benefited. However, Cook pointed out that the study sample was not fully reflective of the general population, as most participants were white, female, and had a college education. "We have room to grow when it comes to representation for different demographic groups," she said. "We're working hard to increase representation, so we can be even more confident in how this generalises to the population at large, especially communities typically underrepresented in research." Cook, who has collaborated with Chapman for over 25 years since starting as a research assistant, said she appreciates CBH's integrated approach that combines clinical research, practical care, and community engagement. She also stressed the need to present scientific discoveries in ways that are understandable and relevant to the public. "One piece that is so near and dear to my heart is helping people link neuroplasticity with self-agency," she said. "Brain health isn't just something we strive to maintain; we can actively shape it over time. Research like ours, which provides an objective measure of brain health that people can track over time, can only further boost public awareness." The BrainHealth Project continues to gather long-term insight through additional studies and follow-up research. As part of these efforts, around 400 participants from the Dallas region have undergone more than 1,200 brain scans at the Sammons BrainHealth Imaging Centre. Cook further added that the dataset provides an opportunity to look at neural metrics linked with the BHI, giving the capacity to use periodic brain imaging to figure out future brain mechanisms linked with changes in brain health over time.

Researchers identified engagement as the most significant factor driving improvement. Variables such as age, gender, and educational background did not influence whether participants benefited.&nbsp;

Brain health can keep improving into your 80s and beyond, new study reveals

A research paper by Daniel Jampolski and Professor Luciano Rezzolla from Goethe University Frankfurt suggests that it is highly possible that not every black hole we encounter is what it seems, and instead could be a gravastar. Their mathematical model, a first in this regard, shows how a collapsing star could stop right before becoming a black hole and trigger a Big Bang to birth a miniature universe inside itself. This theory also lends credence to the belief that our own universe could be sitting inside a body similar to a black hole. Their findings also solve some of the problems associated with black holes, like how something that was the size of billions of Suns can squeeze into an infinitely small point. Besides, there is the added mystery of what lies beyond the event horizon since everything that falls inside cannot be observed.<h2>Gravastar - A point right before the black hole</h2>The authors propose an ultra compact object known as a gravastar - a radically new mathematical solution to Einstein's equations of General Relativity. The paper states that in some cases, when a dead star collapses, it does not convert into a black hole. There is no singularity or an event horizon, and at the very end of its last stages, the matter is compressed to such extremes that it triggers the birth of a miniature universe inside the dying star. This newly formed universe would be almost the same as the Big Bang that gave rise to our own universe, the authors wrote in the paper. Dark energy would drive its expansion, just like our cosmos. As this mini universe pushes outwards against the inward pull of gravity, the opposing forces would stop it from becoming a black hole. When this stable balance is achieved, a gravastar would be born.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/cosmic-tempest-record-breaking-black-hole-winds-clocked-at-30-the-speed-of-light-1781113650998">Record-breaking black hole winds clocked at 30% the speed of light</a><h2>When black hole is something else entirely&nbsp;</h2>The researchers say their model presents for the first time in 25 years a solution to the question going around for decades - &nbsp;how gravastars could emerge from the collapse of ordinary matter. Jampolski says, "The Big Bang of the emerging universe can unfold once the star has already collapsed almost to the point of becoming a black hole." How matter would behave when compressed to extremes hasn't been well understood till now, leaving room for possibilities.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/wion-special-scientists-just-discovered-cannibal-stars-our-sun-also-once-ate-earth-like-planets-1780484470363">Scientists just discovered cannibal stars. Our Sun also once ate Earth-like planets</a>&nbsp;The study shows that some of the objects we currently classify as black holes might actually be shells hiding entirely separate, expanding universes inside them. &nbsp;Scientists have often debated the possibility that our universe might be sitting inside a black hole. Could our world be one of them?

Scientists have proposed that not all black holes are black holes, and some of them could be gravastars. These are stars that have already died and collapsed, but only to a point where compression of matter triggers the birth of a new universe inside them.

A research paper by Daniel Jampolski and Professor Luciano Rezzolla from Goethe University Frankfurt suggests that it is highly possible that not every black hole we encounter is what it seems, and instead could be a gravastar. Their mathematical model, a first in this regard, shows how a collapsing star could stop right before becoming a black hole and trigger a Big Bang to birth a miniature universe inside itself. This theory also lends credence to the belief that our own universe could be sitting inside a body similar to a black hole. Their findings also solve some of the problems associated with black holes, like how something that was the size of billions of Suns can squeeze into an infinitely small point. Besides, there is the added mystery of what lies beyond the event horizon since everything that falls inside cannot be observed. Gravastar - A point right before the black hole The authors propose an ultra compact object known as a gravastar - a radically new mathematical solution to Einstein's equations of General Relativity. The paper states that in some cases, when a dead star collapses, it does not convert into a black hole. There is no singularity or an event horizon, and at the very end of its last stages, the matter is compressed to such extremes that it triggers the birth of a miniature universe inside the dying star. This newly formed universe would be almost the same as the Big Bang that gave rise to our own universe, the authors wrote in the paper. Dark energy would drive its expansion, just like our cosmos. As this mini universe pushes outwards against the inward pull of gravity, the opposing forces would stop it from becoming a black hole. When this stable balance is achieved, a gravastar would be born. Also Read: Record-breaking black hole winds clocked at 30% the speed of light When black hole is something else entirely The researchers say their model presents for the first time in 25 years a solution to the question going around for decades - how gravastars could emerge from the collapse of ordinary matter. Jampolski says, "The Big Bang of the emerging universe can unfold once the star has already collapsed almost to the point of becoming a black hole." How matter would behave when compressed to extremes hasn't been well understood till now, leaving room for possibilities. Also Read: Scientists just discovered cannibal stars. Our Sun also once ate Earth-like planets The study shows that some of the objects we currently classify as black holes might actually be shells hiding entirely separate, expanding universes inside them. Scientists have often debated the possibility that our universe might be sitting inside a black hole. Could our world be one of them?

Scientists have proposed that not all black holes are black holes, and some of them could be gravastars. These are stars that have already died and collapsed, but only to a point where compression of matter triggers the birth of a new universe inside them.

New theory suggests billions of 'mini universes' could be scattered in our own cosmos

It happens to many of us. Ten minutes turns to 30, then 30 turns to an hour, and suddenly it is two hours since you have been doomscrolling on social media. Whether it is cute cat videos, funny memes, or news content, scrolling social media for hours has become a part of the daily routine for many people, with some even becoming addicted to social media. Amid rising concerns over social media, governments have also started taking action, banning it for teenagers across several nations.Scientists are increasingly studying what makes people hooked on social media and how it affects attention, mood and behaviour. While experts caution against claims that smartphones are “destroying” the brain, evidence suggests that digital platforms can reinforce habits that shape how we consume information.<h2>Why your brain loves endless scrolling</h2>Our social media feeds are endless, which makes it difficult to stop scrolling. While a book has a final page, or a TV show has an ending, our Instagram or Facebook feeds just don’t end. This creates a curiosity: What will be the next post? Our brain, which gets addicted to the dopamine it gets every time your favourite content pops up on the feed, seeks more rewards. As a result, many people continue scrolling for way longer than they intended to get their next rewarding experience.<h2>The dopamine myth and the power of variable rewards</h2>Dopamine is not simply a “feel-good” chemical. It also plays a key role in motivation and reward-seeking behaviour. Psychologists often compare social media feeds to slot machines because both rely on unpredictable rewards. A user might find a funny video, an exciting update or a message from a friend after several swipes. The timing is never certain.Experts call this a variable reward schedule. Because rewards arrive unpredictably, users remain motivated to continue searching. In many cases, the anticipation of a reward becomes just as powerful as the reward itself. This may explain why some people continue to scroll even when they are no longer enjoying the content.Also read |<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/wion-decodes-why-does-coffee-calm-some-people-instead-of-waking-them-up-here-s-what-science-says-1780995139137"> WION Decodes | Why does coffee calm some people instead of waking them up? Here’s what science says</a><h2>A need for novelty</h2>Our brain pays attention to novelty. New information could give us an opportunity, a resource, or a threat. Humans are naturally attracted to unknown experiences – and social media never fails to provide us with fresh content. With every new post, users encounter a new image, video, opinion or headline. This feeds our brains the constant stimulation it desires.Over time, this pattern can encourage rapid switching between different pieces of information. Researchers suggest that constant exposure to highly stimulating content may make slower activities such as reading, studying or deep work feel less engaging by comparison.<h2>Mental health feedback loop</h2>Scrolling becomes even more compelling when content triggers strong emotions. According to researchers, anxiety and information consumption often reinforce one another. People who feel worried may seek more information to reduce uncertainty. But the repeated exposure to content may also increase stress rather than helping them feel better.This creates a feedback loop in which anxiety fuels more scrolling, and more scrolling fuels anxiety. Studies have linked excessive doomscrolling to higher levels of stress, pessimism and emotional exhaustion.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/wion-decodes-what-is-godzilla-el-ni-o-and-how-can-it-impact-the-indian-monsoon-1780917581717">WION Decodes | What is 'Godzilla' El Niño and how can it impact the Indian monsoon?</a><h2>Is scrolling really rewiring the brain?</h2>While scientists refrain from making dramatic claims such as social media is damaging the brain, neuroplasticity may explain how your digital habits can impact behaviour.Scientists generally avoid dramatic claims that social media is damaging the brain. However, the concept of neuroplasticity helps explain how digital habits can shape behaviour.Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to adapt through repeated experiences. The neural pathways that are used frequently become stronger over time. Habits based on novelty, rapid rewards and constant task-switching can become increasingly automatic over time.Social media itself is not harmful and can help educate, entertain and content people. However, it becomes a problem when the endless feeds start replacing focused work, meaningful interactions and time away from screens. Understanding the science behind scrolling reveals that the struggle to stop is not simply about willpower. It is also about these platforms designed to keep attention engaged for as long as possible. WATCH | G7 Summit 2026: World Leaders Gather For The High Stakes Summit In Evian-Les-Bains <a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/g7-summit-2026-world-leaders-gather-for-the-high-stakes-summit-in-evian-les-bains-1781592997144/embed/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/g7-summit-2026-world-leaders-gather-for-the-high-stakes-summit-in-evian-les-bains-1781592997144/embed/embed</a> &nbsp;

What turns a quick social media check into an hour-long scroll? Here’s what neuroscience and psychology say about the habit and its impact on the brain.

It happens to many of us. Ten minutes turns to 30, then 30 turns to an hour, and suddenly it is two hours since you have been doomscrolling on social media. Whether it is cute cat videos, funny memes, or news content, scrolling social media for hours has become a part of the daily routine for many people, with some even becoming addicted to social media. Amid rising concerns over social media, governments have also started taking action, banning it for teenagers across several nations. Scientists are increasingly studying what makes people hooked on social media and how it affects attention, mood and behaviour. While experts caution against claims that smartphones are “destroying” the brain, evidence suggests that digital platforms can reinforce habits that shape how we consume information. Why your brain loves endless scrolling Our social media feeds are endless, which makes it difficult to stop scrolling. While a book has a final page, or a TV show has an ending, our Instagram or Facebook feeds just don’t end. This creates a curiosity: What will be the next post? Our brain, which gets addicted to the dopamine it gets every time your favourite content pops up on the feed, seeks more rewards. As a result, many people continue scrolling for way longer than they intended to get their next rewarding experience. The dopamine myth and the power of variable rewards Dopamine is not simply a “feel-good” chemical. It also plays a key role in motivation and reward-seeking behaviour. Psychologists often compare social media feeds to slot machines because both rely on unpredictable rewards. A user might find a funny video, an exciting update or a message from a friend after several swipes. The timing is never certain. Experts call this a variable reward schedule. Because rewards arrive unpredictably, users remain motivated to continue searching. In many cases, the anticipation of a reward becomes just as powerful as the reward itself. This may explain why some people continue to scroll even when they are no longer enjoying the content. Also read | WION Decodes | Why does coffee calm some people instead of waking them up? Here’s what science says A need for novelty Our brain pays attention to novelty. New information could give us an opportunity, a resource, or a threat. Humans are naturally attracted to unknown experiences – and social media never fails to provide us with fresh content. With every new post, users encounter a new image, video, opinion or headline. This feeds our brains the constant stimulation it desires. Over time, this pattern can encourage rapid switching between different pieces of information. Researchers suggest that constant exposure to highly stimulating content may make slower activities such as reading, studying or deep work feel less engaging by comparison. Mental health feedback loop Scrolling becomes even more compelling when content triggers strong emotions. According to researchers, anxiety and information consumption often reinforce one another. People who feel worried may seek more information to reduce uncertainty. But the repeated exposure to content may also increase stress rather than helping them feel better. This creates a feedback loop in which anxiety fuels more scrolling, and more scrolling fuels anxiety. Studies have linked excessive doomscrolling to higher levels of stress, pessimism and emotional exhaustion. Also read | WION Decodes | What is 'Godzilla' El Niño and how can it impact the Indian monsoon? Is scrolling really rewiring the brain? While scientists refrain from making dramatic claims such as social media is damaging the brain, neuroplasticity may explain how your digital habits can impact behaviour. Scientists generally avoid dramatic claims that social media is damaging the brain. However, the concept of neuroplasticity helps explain how digital habits can shape behaviour. Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to adapt through repeated experiences. The neural pathways that are used frequently become stronger over time. Habits based on novelty, rapid rewards and constant task-switching can become increasingly automatic over time. Social media itself is not harmful and can help educate, entertain and content people. However, it becomes a problem when the endless feeds start replacing focused work, meaningful interactions and time away from screens. Understanding the science behind scrolling reveals that the struggle to stop is not simply about willpower. It is also about these platforms designed to keep attention engaged for as long as possible. WATCH | G7 Summit 2026: World Leaders Gather For The High Stakes Summit In Evian-Les-Bains https://www.wionews.com/videos/g7-summit-2026-world-leaders-gather-for-the-high-stakes-summit-in-evian-les-bains-1781592997144/embed/embed

From dopamine-driven rewards to doomscrolling, here's what science says about why people keep scrolling and how the habit can shape the brain.

The science behind why you keep scrolling – and how it rewires your brain

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