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Mars is a world defined by extremes: it boasts the largest volcano in the solar system, canyons that dwarf Earth’s Grand Canyon, and dust storms that can swallow the planet for weeks at a time. Yet alongside these dramatic features lies a far subtler enigma, a ribbonlike cloud that mysteriously appears each year, stretching for thousands of kilometres across the Martian sky. Scientists have known of this recurring formation for decades, but only now are they uncovering the mechanics behind it.&nbsp;According to the Daily Galaxy, this ghostly feature, formally known as the Arsia Mons Elongated Cloud (AMEC), emerges on the western side of Arsia Mons, a dormant giant of a volcano nearly 20 kilometres high. Each Martian morning during the southern summer solstice season, water vapour condenses into ice crystals, forming a bright streak that can extend over 1,800 kilometres. By late morning, sunlight and changing winds cause the cloud to dissipate, only for the cycle to repeat daily for nearly three months. Despite its plume-like look, the cloud has nothing to do with volcanic activity, the volcano itself has been silent for millions of years.<h2>Cracking the Mystery</h2>For years, computer models struggled to explain how such a massive and consistent structure could arise in Mars’ thin, dusty atmosphere, an atmosphere just 1 per cent the density of Earth’s. The key turned out to be a process called homogeneous nucleation, in which ice particles form without the usual dust grains serving as seeds. This requires extreme supersaturation of water vapour, something researchers once thought impossible on Mars. But when scientists simulated conditions with unusually high water content interacting with the slopes of Arsia Mons, the AMEC appeared in their models just as it does in the sky.&nbsp;Much of this progress stems from long-term monitoring by the European Space Agency’s Mars Express orbiter, which has been circling the planet since 2003. Its High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) has captured a vast array of Martian clouds, from fluffy, Earthlike formations to structures shaped by atmospheric waves. Using this treasure trove of images, researchers at the German Aerospace Centre have built the HRSC Cloud Atlas, a detailed catalogue that is allowing scientists to trace how topography, winds, and dust interact to create Mars’ atmospheric patterns.<h2>Why It Matters</h2>The AMEC is more than a spectacular curiosity. Its regular appearance shows how water vapour, terrain, and air currents combine to create surprisingly stable weather systems in Mars’ fragile atmosphere. Unlocking these processes not only sharpens our understanding of Martian meteorology but also sheds light on where and how water moves around the Red Planet, vital knowledge for future exploration and the search for habitability.

Composed entirely of water ice, as Mars’ temperatures are far too low for liquid water, the cloud grows each dawn, disappears by evening, and then reappears the next day for nearly three months.

Mars is a world defined by extremes: it boasts the largest volcano in the solar system, canyons that dwarf Earth’s Grand Canyon, and dust storms that can swallow the planet for weeks at a time. Yet alongside these dramatic features lies a far subtler enigma, a ribbonlike cloud that mysteriously appears each year, stretching for thousands of kilometres across the Martian sky. Scientists have known of this recurring formation for decades, but only now are they uncovering the mechanics behind it. According to the Daily Galaxy, this ghostly feature, formally known as the Arsia Mons Elongated Cloud (AMEC), emerges on the western side of Arsia Mons, a dormant giant of a volcano nearly 20 kilometres high. Each Martian morning during the southern summer solstice season, water vapour condenses into ice crystals, forming a bright streak that can extend over 1,800 kilometres. By late morning, sunlight and changing winds cause the cloud to dissipate, only for the cycle to repeat daily for nearly three months. Despite its plume-like look, the cloud has nothing to do with volcanic activity, the volcano itself has been silent for millions of years. Cracking the Mystery For years, computer models struggled to explain how such a massive and consistent structure could arise in Mars’ thin, dusty atmosphere, an atmosphere just 1 per cent the density of Earth’s. The key turned out to be a process called homogeneous nucleation, in which ice particles form without the usual dust grains serving as seeds. This requires extreme supersaturation of water vapour, something researchers once thought impossible on Mars. But when scientists simulated conditions with unusually high water content interacting with the slopes of Arsia Mons, the AMEC appeared in their models just as it does in the sky. Much of this progress stems from long-term monitoring by the European Space Agency’s Mars Express orbiter, which has been circling the planet since 2003. Its High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) has captured a vast array of Martian clouds, from fluffy, Earthlike formations to structures shaped by atmospheric waves. Using this treasure trove of images, researchers at the German Aerospace Centre have built the HRSC Cloud Atlas, a detailed catalogue that is allowing scientists to trace how topography, winds, and dust interact to create Mars’ atmospheric patterns. Why It Matters The AMEC is more than a spectacular curiosity. Its regular appearance shows how water vapour, terrain, and air currents combine to create surprisingly stable weather systems in Mars’ fragile atmosphere. Unlocking these processes not only sharpens our understanding of Martian meteorology but also sheds light on where and how water moves around the Red Planet, vital knowledge for future exploration and the search for habitability.

Composed entirely of water ice, as Mars’ temperatures are far too low for liquid water, the cloud grows each dawn, disappears by evening, and then reappears the next day for nearly three months.

A 1,800 kilometre cloud reappears on Mars every year and scientists finally know why

NASA has confirmed that an asteroid, 2025 FA22, is set to zip past Earth on September 18, 2025. The rare cosmic event is being tracked by NASA’s Centre for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) and JPL. Discovered by the Pan-STARRS 2 Survey in Hawaii earlier this year, FA22 has attracted international and Indian public attention due to its impressive size, estimated to be between 120 and 280 meters.&nbsp;According to a report in India Today, asteroid 2025 FA22's size is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the famous Qutub Minar in Delhi, which rises approximately 73 meters. At its maximum estimated size, the asteroid would be nearly four times larger than the monument, making it an enormous object by cosmic standards.&nbsp;The asteroid FA22 travels in a moderately elongated and slightly tilted orbit around the sun, completing one revolution in about 1.85 years. NASA has confirmed that this asteroid will pass Earth at a distance of roughly 8,42,000 kilometres on September 18, which is a little more than twice the distance to the moon.<h3>A low Torino Scale rating indicates no immediate threats</h3>While using radar and powerful optical telescopes, International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) groups decided to use this cosmic event to refine FA22’s orbit and study its composition. Amid rising concern over a potentially hazardous asteroid which has drawn attention, experts stress that FA22 poses no collision threat to Earth in the foreseeable future.&nbsp;Earlier, the experts gave a low Torino Scale rating in terms of risk, but further data indicated no immediate threats for Earth in its close encounter, as it will be safely beyond the Moon’s orbit.&nbsp;Asteroids of this scale and closeness approach Earth only once or twice in a decade, making FA22 a rare and valuable subject of study. The detailed observations during its flyby are expected to enhance future impact predictions and broaden knowledge about similar celestial bodies.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/5-most-dangerous-asteroids-that-threaten-earth-and-apophis-that-scared-us-all-1750245240903">5 asteroids that have a high chance of hitting Earth in future...and 1 that scared us all</a>

NASA indicated that asteroid 2025 FA22's size is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the famous Qutub Minar in Delhi, which rises approximately 73 meters. It will be nearly four times larger than the monument, making it an enormous object by cosmic standards.

NASA has confirmed that an asteroid, 2025 FA22, is set to zip past Earth on September 18, 2025. The rare cosmic event is being tracked by NASA’s Centre for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) and JPL. Discovered by the Pan-STARRS 2 Survey in Hawaii earlier this year, FA22 has attracted international and Indian public attention due to its impressive size, estimated to be between 120 and 280 meters. According to a report in India Today, asteroid 2025 FA22's size is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the famous Qutub Minar in Delhi, which rises approximately 73 meters. At its maximum estimated size, the asteroid would be nearly four times larger than the monument, making it an enormous object by cosmic standards. The asteroid FA22 travels in a moderately elongated and slightly tilted orbit around the sun, completing one revolution in about 1.85 years. NASA has confirmed that this asteroid will pass Earth at a distance of roughly 8,42,000 kilometres on September 18, which is a little more than twice the distance to the moon. A low Torino Scale rating indicates no immediate threats While using radar and powerful optical telescopes, International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) groups decided to use this cosmic event to refine FA22’s orbit and study its composition. Amid rising concern over a potentially hazardous asteroid which has drawn attention, experts stress that FA22 poses no collision threat to Earth in the foreseeable future. Earlier, the experts gave a low Torino Scale rating in terms of risk, but further data indicated no immediate threats for Earth in its close encounter, as it will be safely beyond the Moon’s orbit. Asteroids of this scale and closeness approach Earth only once or twice in a decade, making FA22 a rare and valuable subject of study. The detailed observations during its flyby are expected to enhance future impact predictions and broaden knowledge about similar celestial bodies. Also read: 5 asteroids that have a high chance of hitting Earth in future...and 1 that scared us all

NASA indicated that asteroid 2025 FA22's size is estimated to be nearly twice the size of the famous Qutub Minar in Delhi, which rises approximately 73 meters. It will be nearly four times larger than the monument, making it an enormous object by cosmic standards.

Asteroid to hit Earth? NASA says space rock bigger than 'Qutub Minar' is moving toward Earth

The Earth spins at a remarkable speed, approximately 1,600 kilometres per hour at the equator. If this rotation were to cease abruptly, even for a mere second, the consequences would be catastrophic. The sudden halt would unleash immense forces, leading to widespread destruction and long-term environmental changes.&nbsp;An instantaneous stop would subject everything not anchored to the planet to a sudden deceleration. At the equator, this means an abrupt halt from a speed of about 1,600 km/h. Objects, structures, and individuals would continue moving at this velocity, resulting in severe impacts. Buildings would collapse, and unsecured objects would be propelled eastward with devastating force. The sheer energy released would cause widespread devastation. &nbsp;

The sudden stop of Earth's rotation would induce massive tectonic stresses

<h2>What would happen?</h2>&nbsp;Redistribution of Water and Land: The Earth's rotation contributes to the equatorial bulge, causing oceans to be displaced towards the equator. If the planet were to stop spinning, this centrifugal force would vanish, leading to a redistribution of water. Water would move towards the poles, potentially flooding regions and exposing landmasses that were previously submerged. This shift could create new coastlines and alter existing ones dramatically.&nbsp;Climate and Weather Disruptions: The cessation of Earth's rotation would have profound effects on climate and weather patterns. Without the planet's rotation, the day-night cycle would be disrupted, leading to prolonged periods of daylight and darkness. This imbalance would cause extreme temperature variations, with one side of the Earth experiencing continuous sunlight and the other enduring perpetual night. Such conditions would be inhospitable for most life forms, leading to ecological imbalances.&nbsp;Geological Consequences: The sudden stop of Earth's rotation would induce massive tectonic stresses. These stresses could result in earthquakes and volcanic activity as the planet's crust adjusts to the new conditions. The redistribution of water and land would also affect the Earth's crust, potentially leading to further geological upheaval.&nbsp;Magnetic Field and Radiation Exposure: Earth's rotation plays a crucial role in generating its magnetic field through the dynamo effect. If the planet stopped spinning, this magnetic field could collapse, leaving the surface exposed to harmful solar and cosmic radiation. The absence of a protective magnetic shield would increase radiation levels, posing significant risks to all forms of life.&nbsp;Long-Term Adaptation Challenges: In the aftermath of such a catastrophic event, life on Earth would face unprecedented challenges. The extreme environmental conditions would require significant adaptation. Survivors would need to find ways to cope with altered climates, disrupted ecosystems, and increased radiation levels. The long-term survival of life would depend on the ability to adapt to the new, harsh realities of a non-rotating Earth. &nbsp;

An instantaneous stop would subject everything not anchored to the planet to a sudden deceleration. At the equator, this means an abrupt halt from a speed of about 1,600 km/h. 

The Earth spins at a remarkable speed, approximately 1,600 kilometres per hour at the equator. If this rotation were to cease abruptly, even for a mere second, the consequences would be catastrophic. The sudden halt would unleash immense forces, leading to widespread destruction and long-term environmental changes. An instantaneous stop would subject everything not anchored to the planet to a sudden deceleration. At the equator, this means an abrupt halt from a speed of about 1,600 km/h. Objects, structures, and individuals would continue moving at this velocity, resulting in severe impacts. Buildings would collapse, and unsecured objects would be propelled eastward with devastating force. The sheer energy released would cause widespread devastation.

An instantaneous stop would subject everything not anchored to the planet to a sudden deceleration. At the equator, this means an abrupt halt from a speed of about 1,600 km/h.&nbsp;

What if Earth stopped spinning for just one second?

TRAPPIST-1e, a rocky exoplanet orbiting an ultracool dwarf star 40 light-years from Earth, has emerged as one of the most compelling candidates for hosting extraterrestrial life. Its size and density resemble Earth’s, and it lies within the star’s habitable zone, where temperatures could allow liquid water to exist. Recent studies suggest it may possess a nitrogen-rich atmosphere and surface conditions capable of supporting life. Scientists are now focused on probing its climate, atmospheric composition, and potential water retention, making TRAPPIST-1e a key target in the ongoing quest to understand life beyond our solar system. &nbsp;

TRAPPIST-1e is situated within the habitable zone

&nbsp;<h2>A Promising Candidate in the Habitable Zone</h2>&nbsp;TRAPPIST-1e is situated within the habitable zone of its star, the region where temperatures might allow liquid water to exist on a planet's surface. Its size and density are comparable to Earth's, indicating it is likely a rocky planet. This positioning makes it one of the most Earth-like exoplanets discovered to date. The presence of an atmosphere is crucial for sustaining life. Initial studies using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggested that TRAPPIST-1e might have a nitrogen-rich atmosphere, similar to Earth's. However, the planet's proximity to its star exposes it to intense stellar radiation, which could strip away lighter gases, potentially leaving behind a thicker atmosphere composed of heavier gases.&nbsp;For life as we know it, liquid water is indispensable. If TRAPPIST-1e retains an atmosphere, it could support surface water. Climate models suggest that moderate levels of carbon dioxide could create a greenhouse effect, warming the planet to temperatures suitable for liquid water. However, the planet's potential for water retention remains under investigation. &nbsp;

&nbsp;<h2>Ongoing Research and Future Prospects</h2>&nbsp;Scientists continue to study TRAPPIST-1e to determine its habitability. Upcoming observations aim to clarify the planet's atmospheric composition and assess its capacity to support liquid water. While current data are promising, definitive conclusions about the presence of life-supporting conditions on TRAPPIST-1e are yet to be reached.&nbsp;In summary, TRAPPIST-1e presents characteristics that make it a compelling candidate in the search for extraterrestrial life. Its location in the habitable zone, potential atmosphere, and size comparable to Earth are factors that warrant further study. As research progresses, TRAPPIST-1e may provide valuable insights into the conditions that support life beyond our solar system.&nbsp;

Scientists are now focused on probing its climate, atmospheric composition, and potential water retention, making TRAPPIST-1e a key target in the ongoing quest to understand life beyond our solar system.

TRAPPIST-1e, a rocky exoplanet orbiting an ultracool dwarf star 40 light-years from Earth, has emerged as one of the most compelling candidates for hosting extraterrestrial life. Its size and density resemble Earth’s, and it lies within the star’s habitable zone, where temperatures could allow liquid water to exist. Recent studies suggest it may possess a nitrogen-rich atmosphere and surface conditions capable of supporting life. Scientists are now focused on probing its climate, atmospheric composition, and potential water retention, making TRAPPIST-1e a key target in the ongoing quest to understand life beyond our solar system.

Scientists are now focused on probing its climate, atmospheric composition, and potential water retention, making TRAPPIST-1e a key target in the ongoing quest to understand life beyond our solar system.

Scientists identify TRAPPIST-1e as a potential Earth-like world, here’s why

Which places on Mars carry the best proof of life? Scientists have identified a few select regions on Mars where clues and hints about the existence of life on the red planet billions of years ago are most likely to be revealed. 

Which places on Mars carry the best proof of life? Scientists have identified a few select regions on Mars where clues and hints about the existence of life on the red planet billions of years ago are most likely to be revealed.&nbsp;

5 sites on Mars that reveal whether life ever existed on Mars

Scientists say humans might get to watch a black hole exploding in the next 10 years. Primordial black holes are a mysterious theoretical phenomenon, but if they are still around, one of them might soon burst.

Scientists say humans might get to watch a black hole exploding in the next 10 years. Primordial black holes are a mysterious theoretical phenomenon, but if they are still around, one of them might soon burst.

Black hole from the time of Big Bang might be on the precipice of exploding

Are you an introvert, an extrovert, an ambivert, or something completely different? Turns out there's a new personality type on the block that has remained unheard of in all the noise. An American psychiatrist has coined a new term, "otroverts," for a select group of people who ironically don't do that well in group settings. If you've ever found yourself standing at a party, wondering why everyone else seems to belong while you don't, you might be what psychiatrist Dr Rami Kaminski calls an "otrovert." No, we're not talking about introverts who would rather stay at home, read a book, than go out and participate in group activities. Here's all you need to know about "otroverts". Scroll down to know if you qualify as one.&nbsp;Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/-little-fights-with-wife-trump-downplays-domestic-violence-data-shows-it-s-a-national-epidemic-in-pics-1757491088470">'Little fights with wife': Trump downplays domestic violence — data shows it's a national epidemic | In Pics</a><h2>Who are the Otroverts?</h2>Unlike introverts who turn inward and extroverts who thrive in groups, otroverts sit in a third category — friendly, capable of deep one-on-one bonds, but unable to connect with groups as a whole. According to a Daily Mail report citing American psychologist Dr Rami Kaminski, Otroverts are a poorly understood personality type. These people struggle to feel a sense of belonging to a group and prefer to stand apart from social collectives. Simply put, an otrovert is someone who does not feel any sense of belonging to any group.Note: the term "otrovert" is not a recognised personality type in mainstream psychology.<h2>So, are otroverts just anti-social?</h2>Nope, otroverts are anything but antisocial. According to Kaminski, this personality type is actually very friendly and can forge really deep connections with other people. "The only social difference happens in the lack of connection to groups: collective identity or shared traditions," explains the psychologist.Despite often being popular and welcomed in groups, otroverts feel like outsiders, notes Kaminski. That disconnect can cause discomfort or pressure to "fit in".Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-s-latest-wild-plan-reopen-insane-asylums-like-joker-s-arkham-amid-his-crime-crackdown-here-s-what-he-said-1756784333958">Trump's latest wild plan: Reopen 'insane asylums' like Joker's Arkham amid his crime crackdown. Here's what he said</a>Yet there are advantages. Otroverts tend to be independent thinkers, less bound by group norms, and often more creative. Kaminski points to figures like Albert Einstein, Frida Kahlo, Franz Kafka, and Virginia Woolf as examples.<h2>Are you an otrovert? These are the traits of one</h2><ul><li>Dislike for team sports or group rituals</li><li>Prefers working alone but can connect deeply with individuals</li><li>Often found in deep conversation on the sidelines rather than mingling at parties</li><li>Immune to the "Bluetooth phenomenon", the unconscious way most people emotionally sync with those around them</li></ul>"Otroverts might struggle to fit in," says Kaminski, "but that gives them freedom. They're untethered, less fearful of rejection, and able to see solutions others can't."While Otroverts cannot form emotional connections in a group setting or with shared rituals, one-on-one connections are their game. "Otroverts find it very difficult to be part of a group, even if the group is composed of individuals who are each good friends," says Dr Kaminski, adding, "the problem lies in the relationship with the group as an entity, rather than with its individual members."Kaminski, who considers himself an otrovert, recalls joining the Scouts as a child and feeling nothing during the communal oath-taking. That, he says, was the first clue.&nbsp;&nbsp;

American psychiatrist Dr Rami Kaminski has coined a new term, "otrovert," to describe a personality type that doesn't qualify as either an introvert or an extrovert. Are you one? Scroll down to find out.

Are you an introvert, an extrovert, an ambivert, or something completely different? Turns out there's a new personality type on the block that has remained unheard of in all the noise. An American psychiatrist has coined a new term, "otroverts," for a select group of people who ironically don't do that well in group settings. If you've ever found yourself standing at a party, wondering why everyone else seems to belong while you don't, you might be what psychiatrist Dr Rami Kaminski calls an "otrovert." No, we're not talking about introverts who would rather stay at home, read a book, than go out and participate in group activities. Here's all you need to know about "otroverts". Scroll down to know if you qualify as one. Also read | 'Little fights with wife': Trump downplays domestic violence — data shows it's a national epidemic | In Pics Who are the Otroverts? Unlike introverts who turn inward and extroverts who thrive in groups, otroverts sit in a third category — friendly, capable of deep one-on-one bonds, but unable to connect with groups as a whole. According to a Daily Mail report citing American psychologist Dr Rami Kaminski, Otroverts are a poorly understood personality type. These people struggle to feel a sense of belonging to a group and prefer to stand apart from social collectives. Simply put, an otrovert is someone who does not feel any sense of belonging to any group. Note: the term "otrovert" is not a recognised personality type in mainstream psychology. So, are otroverts just anti-social? Nope, otroverts are anything but antisocial. According to Kaminski, this personality type is actually very friendly and can forge really deep connections with other people. "The only social difference happens in the lack of connection to groups: collective identity or shared traditions," explains the psychologist. Despite often being popular and welcomed in groups, otroverts feel like outsiders, notes Kaminski. That disconnect can cause discomfort or pressure to "fit in". Also read | Trump's latest wild plan: Reopen 'insane asylums' like Joker's Arkham amid his crime crackdown. Here's what he said Yet there are advantages. Otroverts tend to be independent thinkers, less bound by group norms, and often more creative. Kaminski points to figures like Albert Einstein, Frida Kahlo, Franz Kafka, and Virginia Woolf as examples. Are you an otrovert? These are the traits of one Dislike for team sports or group rituals Prefers working alone but can connect deeply with individuals Often found in deep conversation on the sidelines rather than mingling at parties Immune to the "Bluetooth phenomenon", the unconscious way most people emotionally sync with those around them "Otroverts might struggle to fit in," says Kaminski, "but that gives them freedom. They're untethered, less fearful of rejection, and able to see solutions others can't." While Otroverts cannot form emotional connections in a group setting or with shared rituals, one-on-one connections are their game. "Otroverts find it very difficult to be part of a group, even if the group is composed of individuals who are each good friends," says Dr Kaminski, adding, "the problem lies in the relationship with the group as an entity, rather than with its individual members." Kaminski, who considers himself an otrovert, recalls joining the Scouts as a child and feeling nothing during the communal oath-taking. That, he says, was the first clue.

American psychiatrist Dr Rami Kaminski has coined a new term, "otrovert," to describe a personality type that doesn't qualify as either an introvert or an extrovert. Are you one? Scroll down to find out.

Forget introvert or extrovert — are you secretly an overlooked personality type called ‘otrovert’?

Everyone recognises Albert Einstein, but few realise just how deeply his ideas have shaped the world we live in. Over a hundred years ago, this German-born scientist turned the way we understand space, time, and energy completely upside down. His discoveries changed everyday life understandings, from the phones in our pockets to the medicine that saves lives. It was a new way of seeing the universe, and its impact is still felt in countless ways today.<h2>Transformative Discoveries</h2>Einstein's theory of relativity (1905) and general theory of relativity (1915) revolutionised physics and people's understanding of the universe. &nbsp;His equation E=mc² demonstrated the equivalence of mass and energy, leading to nuclear power and advancing atomic theory.His work on the photoelectric effect, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, became fundamental to quantum mechanics. Scientific American reports that this discovery helped establish quantum theory and later enabled the development of photovoltaic cells and modern electronics.

"Imagination is more important than knowledge," Einstein famously said, as quoted by the Perimeter Institute. This philosophy drove theoretical breakthroughs that seemed impossible at the time.<h2>Impact on Everyday Life</h2>His theories power numerous technologies we use daily. Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites must account for relativistic effects to maintain accuracy. Without Einstein's corrections for time dilation, GPS would accumulate errors of several kilometres per day.Medical imaging technologies, including MRI scanners and PET scans, rely on principles Einstein helped establish. National Geographic reports that these diagnostic tools save countless lives by allowing doctors to see inside the human body without invasive procedures.Nuclear medicine also stems from Einstein's work. His mass-energy equivalence principle enables nuclear power generation and radiotherapy treatments for cancer patients.<h2>His Influence on Science and Society</h2>Modern cosmology owes much to Einstein's general relativity. His theory predicted the expansion of the universe, black holes, and gravitational waves - all later confirmed by observations. The detection of gravitational waves by LIGO in 2015 validated predictions Einstein made a century earlier.Einstein's advocacy for civil rights and his warnings about nuclear weapons demonstrate how his influence extended beyond physics.&nbsp;Today's quantum computing research builds upon quantum mechanical principles Einstein helped establish, despite his famous scepticism about quantum indeterminacy. Tech companies worldwide invest billions in quantum technologies that could revolutionise computing, cryptography, and artificial intelligence.Einstein's legacy reminds us that theoretical science often leads to practical applications that transform society.&nbsp;

Albert Einstein's revolutionary theories continue to shape modern science and technology. From GPS satellites to medical imaging, his discoveries drive innovations that impact our daily lives and scientific understanding.

Everyone recognises Albert Einstein, but few realise just how deeply his ideas have shaped the world we live in. Over a hundred years ago, this German-born scientist turned the way we understand space, time, and energy completely upside down. His discoveries changed everyday life understandings, from the phones in our pockets to the medicine that saves lives. It was a new way of seeing the universe, and its impact is still felt in countless ways today. Transformative Discoveries Einstein's theory of relativity (1905) and general theory of relativity (1915) revolutionised physics and people's understanding of the universe. His equation E=mc² demonstrated the equivalence of mass and energy, leading to nuclear power and advancing atomic theory. His work on the photoelectric effect, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, became fundamental to quantum mechanics. Scientific American reports that this discovery helped establish quantum theory and later enabled the development of photovoltaic cells and modern electronics.

Albert Einstein's revolutionary theories continue to shape modern science and technology. From GPS satellites to medical imaging, his discoveries drive innovations that impact our daily lives and scientific understanding.

The legacy of Albert Einstein in modern science

The icy region under the Arctic Ocean is known to trap an organism which scientists long believed turned dormant. Since the frozen region had caught it, one would assume the organism wouldn't remain active anymore. However, a new study has found that this is not the case. In fact, the vast community of these creatures is alive and even moving, Discover Wildlife reported. This is nothing but microscopic algae known as diatoms that line the frozen undersurface in the Arctic. The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, states that despite being trapped inside ice, these algae haven't gone cold turkey. The study noted that temperatures in this region can drop as low as –15 degrees Celsius, yet this has not stopped the algae from being active. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/thousands-of-barrels-with-mysterious-chemical-dumped-off-the-coast-of-california-are-making-halo-rings-1757582289880">Thousands of barrels with mysterious chemical found in the ocean in California cause major scare</a>&nbsp;The algae are mobile even in such harsh conditions. It further states that this is the lowest temperature ever recorded for movement by a eukaryotic cell, the type shared by plants, animals and fungi. This finding has shown that the algae play a vital role in the Arctic food web. Their mobility means they help transfer resources while managing to survive in one of the harshest regions on Earth. The research was carried out over 45 days at the Chukchi Sea in 2023 using the research vessel Sikuliaq. This sea is a small region in the Arctic Ocean, located between Russia and Alaska. The scientists retrieved ice cores from 12 research stations. A detailed analysis revealed that the algae were active within the ice. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/511-billion-barrels-of-oil-discovered-in-antarctica-can-trigger-world-war-1752036274384">511 billion barrels of oil discovered in Antarctica can trigger World War. Here's how</a>&nbsp;<h2>What kept it alive in harsh sub-zero conditions?</h2>They then replicated the icy environments and the micro channels that form when seawater freezes. The artificial environment was artificially controlled, and to their surprise, even there, the algae continued to glide. Lead author Qing Zhang, a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford, said, "You can see the diatoms actually gliding, like they are skating on the ice." Manu Prakash, associate professor of bioengineering at Stanford University and senior author of the study, added, "This is not 1980s-movie cryobiology. The diatoms are as active as we can imagine until temperatures drop all the way down to –15 degrees C, which is super surprising." Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientists-stumbled-upon-four-jet-black-eggs-20-000-feet-below-ocean-they-turned-out-to-be-1752050826299">Scientists stumbled upon four pitch-black eggs 20,000 feet below ocean. They turned out to be...</a>&nbsp;What was keeping these diatoms moving in sub-zero conditions? To know what was happening, more experiments were carried out, which showed that a secretion similar to mucus was keeping them active. “There’s a polymer, kind of like snail mucus, that they secrete that adheres to the surface, like a rope with an anchor,” says Zhang.&nbsp; &nbsp;

This organism was not expected to be alive. So scientists were surprised to see that not only was it living, but also active and gliding in the ice. What is causing such a surprising thing to happen in sub-zero temperature.

The icy region under the Arctic Ocean is known to trap an organism which scientists long believed turned dormant. Since the frozen region had caught it, one would assume the organism wouldn't remain active anymore. However, a new study has found that this is not the case. In fact, the vast community of these creatures is alive and even moving, Discover Wildlife reported. This is nothing but microscopic algae known as diatoms that line the frozen undersurface in the Arctic. The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, states that despite being trapped inside ice, these algae haven't gone cold turkey. The study noted that temperatures in this region can drop as low as –15 degrees Celsius, yet this has not stopped the algae from being active. Also Read: Thousands of barrels with mysterious chemical found in the ocean in California cause major scare The algae are mobile even in such harsh conditions. It further states that this is the lowest temperature ever recorded for movement by a eukaryotic cell, the type shared by plants, animals and fungi. This finding has shown that the algae play a vital role in the Arctic food web. Their mobility means they help transfer resources while managing to survive in one of the harshest regions on Earth. The research was carried out over 45 days at the Chukchi Sea in 2023 using the research vessel Sikuliaq. This sea is a small region in the Arctic Ocean, located between Russia and Alaska. The scientists retrieved ice cores from 12 research stations. A detailed analysis revealed that the algae were active within the ice. Also Read: 511 billion barrels of oil discovered in Antarctica can trigger World War. Here's how What kept it alive in harsh sub-zero conditions? They then replicated the icy environments and the micro channels that form when seawater freezes. The artificial environment was artificially controlled, and to their surprise, even there, the algae continued to glide. Lead author Qing Zhang, a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford, said, "You can see the diatoms actually gliding, like they are skating on the ice." Manu Prakash, associate professor of bioengineering at Stanford University and senior author of the study, added, "This is not 1980s-movie cryobiology. The diatoms are as active as we can imagine until temperatures drop all the way down to –15 degrees C, which is super surprising." Also Read: Scientists stumbled upon four pitch-black eggs 20,000 feet below ocean. They turned out to be... What was keeping these diatoms moving in sub-zero conditions? To know what was happening, more experiments were carried out, which showed that a secretion similar to mucus was keeping them active. “There’s a polymer, kind of like snail mucus, that they secrete that adheres to the surface, like a rope with an anchor,” says Zhang.

This organism wasn't expected to be alive. So scientists were surprised to see that not only was it living, but also active and gliding in the ice. What's causing such a surprising thing to happen in sub-zero temperatures?

Scientists surprised to see organism 'alive and moving' inside Arctic Ocean that they thought was dead

Nearly 50 years after Stephen Hawking proposed the area theorem, according to which when two black holes merge, the resulting black hole will have a bigger event horizon than the combined surface areas of the two black holes separately.  

Nearly 50 years after Stephen Hawking proposed the area theorem, according to which when two black holes merge, the resulting black hole will have a bigger event horizon than the combined surface areas of the two black holes separately. &nbsp;

Black holes collide to create an even bigger monster, proving a 50-year-old theory right

Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed an atmospheric water generator capable of extracting clean drinking water directly from air without requiring any external energy source.The innovative device, detailed in a study published in the Nature Water journal, represents a significant breakthrough in addressing global water scarcity challenges, particularly in arid and drought-stricken regions where traditional water sources are limited.

<h2>How the Device Works</h2>The atmospheric water harvester utilises a novel metal-organic framework (MOF) material that captures water vapour from air through a process called adsorption. The device operates entirely on passive solar energy, making it completely sustainable and energy-independent.According to the MIT research team, the device can produce up to 2.8 litres of clean water per kilogram of MOF material daily, even in environments with humidity levels as low as 20 per cent.<h2>Revolutionary MOF Technology</h2>The key innovation lies in the specially designed MOF material, which consists of crystalline structures with microscopic pores that attract and trap water molecules from the atmosphere."This technology could be a game-changer for communities in water-stressed regions," said Professor Evelyn Wang, lead researcher at MIT's Department of Mechanical Engineering, speaking to BBC News.The MOF material releases captured water when heated by solar energy during the day, allowing the device to operate continuously without electricity or mechanical components.<h2>Global Water Crisis Solution</h2>The World Health Organisation estimates that 2.2 billion people worldwide lack access to safely managed drinking water services. This new technology could provide a sustainable solution for remote communities, disaster relief efforts, and regions affected by climate change.Field trials conducted in Arizona's desert conditions demonstrated the device's effectiveness in extremely arid environments, producing clean water meeting WHO drinking standards.<h2>Cost-Effective Water Production</h2>The research team projects that large-scale production could reduce costs to approximately £0.02 per litre of water generated, making it economically viable for widespread deployment.Few media reported that the device requires minimal maintenance and can operate for over 10 years with proper care, significantly reducing long-term operational costs compared to traditional water purification systems.<h2>Future Applications and Deployment</h2>MIT researchers are collaborating with humanitarian organisations to deploy pilot projects in water-scarce regions across Africa and the Middle East starting in 2026. The technology could also benefit military operations, space missions, and emergency response scenarios where conventional water infrastructure is unavailable or compromised. Commercial applications are expected to begin within the next three years, with manufacturers already expressing interest in licensing the technology for mass production.

MIT scientists have created a solar-powered device using advanced MOF material to extract clean water directly from air. This breakthrough could help tackle water shortages worldwide, offering a low-cost, sustainable way to produce drinking water without external energy.

Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed an atmospheric water generator capable of extracting clean drinking water directly from air without requiring any external energy source. The innovative device, detailed in a study published in the Nature Water journal, represents a significant breakthrough in addressing global water scarcity challenges, particularly in arid and drought-stricken regions where traditional water sources are limited.

MIT scientists have created a solar-powered device using advanced MOF material to extract clean water directly from air. This breakthrough could help tackle water shortages worldwide, offering a low-cost, sustainable way to produce drinking water without external energy.

This solar-powered device, developed by an MIT scientist, can extract drinking water from the air using solar energy

NASA has restricted Chinese nationals from accessing the US space agency's facilities, data systems, and meetings. This move stems from national security concerns and increasing technological competition between the US and China. Here is what you should know.<h2>What did NASA say about restrictions on Chinese nationals?</h2>Chinese contractors and researchers who had access to NASA systems and facilities &nbsp;found themselves barred starting September 5.&nbsp;This abrupt cutoff signals a firm stance to protect sensitive technology and information from potential security breaches.Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-no-way-not-going-to-happen-acting-nasa-chief-duffy-says-china-will-not-beat-us-to-the-moon-1757520784597">'No way, not going to happen': Acting NASA chief Duffy says China will not beat US to the Moon</a>Confirming the development, Bethany Stevens, NASA's press secretary, said the agency took "internal action pertaining to Chinese nationals—including restricting physical and cybersecurity access to our facilities."<h2>NASA stopped collaborating with China over a decade ago</h2>The enforcement of access restrictions on Chinese nationals working with NASA is a reinforcement of a long-standing policy, reflective of heightened vigilance over security risks.The US law has prohibited NASA from collaborating with China or Chinese nationals on space programme since 2011.&nbsp;This was over concerns about spying and theft of intellectual property.&nbsp;The new ban this month is an extension of such efforts, in order to prevent NASA from sharing sensitive data with China.Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/-president-loves-space-he-asked-me-us-will-reach-the-moon-under-trump-asserts-nasa-chief-1757566924166">'President loves space. He asked me...' — NASA has enough budget to reach the Moon, asserts acting chief</a><h2>US vs China in space: Suspicion and visa challenges</h2>The restrictions come amid the space race between the US and China, in lunar exploration and beyond.&nbsp;NASA's acting administrator Sean Duffy said China aims to return to the moon before the US, and Washington sees this as a critical geopolitical competition.<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-seismometer-exposes-red-planet-s-cannibal-history-1757237723828/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-seismometer-exposes-red-planet-s-cannibal-history-1757237723828/embed</a>Control over lunar resources like rare earth minerals, metals, and helium is a strategic priority for both nations.There has been a growing distrust between the two countries, leading to tighter visa controls for Chinese students and researchers in the science and technology fields. Recent cases of alleged espionage involving Chinese nationals in the US have intensified scrutiny.&nbsp;This has led to restrictions in space programmes as well as in broader scientific collaboration.Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/-most-compelling-evidence-to-date-nasa-s-perseverance-may-have-found-traces-of-life-on-the-red-planet-1757520653568">'Most compelling evidence to date...': NASA's Perseverance may have found traces of life on the red planet</a>US lawmakers such as Senator Ted Cruz have publicly urged NASA to secure American leadership in space exploration before China can gain a dominant position.&nbsp;

NASA has restricted Chinese nationals' access to its facilities and data amid the US vs China space race. The move aligns with long-standing US laws barring collaboration with China in space



NASA has restricted Chinese nationals from accessing the US space agency's facilities, data systems, and meetings. This move stems from national security concerns and increasing technological competition between the US and China. Here is what you should know. What did NASA say about restrictions on Chinese nationals? Chinese contractors and researchers who had access to NASA systems and facilities found themselves barred starting September 5. This abrupt cutoff signals a firm stance to protect sensitive technology and information from potential security breaches. Also read: 'No way, not going to happen': Acting NASA chief Duffy says China will not beat US to the Moon Confirming the development, Bethany Stevens, NASA's press secretary, said the agency took "internal action pertaining to Chinese nationals—including restricting physical and cybersecurity access to our facilities." NASA stopped collaborating with China over a decade ago The enforcement of access restrictions on Chinese nationals working with NASA is a reinforcement of a long-standing policy, reflective of heightened vigilance over security risks. The US law has prohibited NASA from collaborating with China or Chinese nationals on space programme since 2011. This was over concerns about spying and theft of intellectual property. The new ban this month is an extension of such efforts, in order to prevent NASA from sharing sensitive data with China. Also read: 'President loves space. He asked me...' — NASA has enough budget to reach the Moon, asserts acting chief US vs China in space: Suspicion and visa challenges The restrictions come amid the space race between the US and China, in lunar exploration and beyond. NASA's acting administrator Sean Duffy said China aims to return to the moon before the US, and Washington sees this as a critical geopolitical competition. https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-seismometer-exposes-red-planet-s-cannibal-history-1757237723828/embed Control over lunar resources like rare earth minerals, metals, and helium is a strategic priority for both nations. There has been a growing distrust between the two countries, leading to tighter visa controls for Chinese students and researchers in the science and technology fields. Recent cases of alleged espionage involving Chinese nationals in the US have intensified scrutiny. This has led to restrictions in space programmes as well as in broader scientific collaboration. Also read: 'Most compelling evidence to date...': NASA's Perseverance may have found traces of life on the red planet US lawmakers such as Senator Ted Cruz have publicly urged NASA to secure American leadership in space exploration before China can gain a dominant position.

NASA has restricted Chinese nationals' access to its facilities and data amid the US vs China space race. The move aligns with long-standing US laws barring collaboration with China in space&nbsp;

NASA has BANNED CHINESE nationals from working on its space programmes. Here is why

Scientists have successfully revived the genome of the Spanish Flu that struck the world in 1918. This was thought impossible since the lung it was decoded from had been preserved in a substance that damages the RNA. The achievement was revealed in the peer-reviewed study published in the journal BMC Biology. The influenza A virus (H1N1) strain was taken from the lung of an 18-year-old man who died in the first wave of the Spanish Flu pandemic in Switzerland. Sequencing of the genome has also shown how the virus mutated rapidly in the early stages to adapt to the human body. A team of European researchers took the preserved autopsy sample from the lung tissue that had been placed in formalin. It was kept at the University of Zurich’s medical collection, and no kind of study was carried out on it for over 100 years. Dr Verena Schünemann and his team managed to sequence the genome despite the lung sample ZH1502 being kept in formalin, which causes crosslinking and damages RNA. He said in the paper that not only did their work reveal the virus’s genetic structure, but also showed that it was fast-changing in the early days of the pandemic.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/the-invisible-killer-in-kerala-s-waters-brain-eating-amoeba-claims-fifth-life-in-less-than-a-month-1757397388167">The invisible killer in Kerala’s waters: ‘Brain-eating amoeba’ claims fifth life in less than a month</a>&nbsp;To overcome the challenge posed by formalin, Schünemann’s team developed a new ligation-based RNA sequencing protocol. This method was specifically devised to work on degraded or ancient viral RNA and helped them recover more than 98 per cent of the viral genome at high quality. It avoids the use of phenol-chloroform chemicals to be able to retain information about RNA strand orientation. They found that several mutations occurred early on in the virus, since this man died on July 15, 1918, during the first wave. This finding shows that the virus quickly turned dangerous, as opposed to previous theories that state it only mutated towards the second half of 1918. "The virus already showed signs of human-specific adaptation well before the second wave hit," the researchers wrote in the paper.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/russian-doomsday-radio-buzzes-again-transmits-two-coded-messages-people-ask-who-s-listening-and-why-now-1757394065471">Russian 'Doomsday Radio' buzzes again, transmits two coded messages: LISTEN!</a><h2>Spanish Flu timeline changes</h2>&nbsp;This changes the timeline of the virus since earlier samples sequenced came from the autumn or winter of 1918, showing dangerous viral changes. But now that the genome from the summer of the year has also been revived, it shows that the virus was becoming deadly much earlier. However, it isn't clear whether this represents co-circulating viral strains or a swift mutation sweep. The researchers compared the 1918 genome diversity with that of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and determined that the Spanish Fly strains had more genetic diversity in certain segments. Scientists believe there could be several more such tissues in formalin and the new methodology can be used to gain insights into diseases like tuberculosis, HIV, or pre-antibiotic bacterial infections. &nbsp;

Spanish Flu gripped the world from 1918 to 1920. The lung of an 18-year-old who died in the summer of 1918 has revealed secret mutations that had remained unknown until now. The Spanish Flu had turned deadly way before previously thought. 

Scientists have successfully revived the genome of the Spanish Flu that struck the world in 1918. This was thought impossible since the lung it was decoded from had been preserved in a substance that damages the RNA. The achievement was revealed in the peer-reviewed study published in the journal BMC Biology. The influenza A virus (H1N1) strain was taken from the lung of an 18-year-old man who died in the first wave of the Spanish Flu pandemic in Switzerland. Sequencing of the genome has also shown how the virus mutated rapidly in the early stages to adapt to the human body. A team of European researchers took the preserved autopsy sample from the lung tissue that had been placed in formalin. It was kept at the University of Zurich’s medical collection, and no kind of study was carried out on it for over 100 years. Dr Verena Schünemann and his team managed to sequence the genome despite the lung sample ZH1502 being kept in formalin, which causes crosslinking and damages RNA. He said in the paper that not only did their work reveal the virus’s genetic structure, but also showed that it was fast-changing in the early days of the pandemic. Also Read: The invisible killer in Kerala’s waters: ‘Brain-eating amoeba’ claims fifth life in less than a month To overcome the challenge posed by formalin, Schünemann’s team developed a new ligation-based RNA sequencing protocol. This method was specifically devised to work on degraded or ancient viral RNA and helped them recover more than 98 per cent of the viral genome at high quality. It avoids the use of phenol-chloroform chemicals to be able to retain information about RNA strand orientation. They found that several mutations occurred early on in the virus, since this man died on July 15, 1918, during the first wave. This finding shows that the virus quickly turned dangerous, as opposed to previous theories that state it only mutated towards the second half of 1918. "The virus already showed signs of human-specific adaptation well before the second wave hit," the researchers wrote in the paper. Also Read: Russian 'Doomsday Radio' buzzes again, transmits two coded messages: LISTEN! Spanish Flu timeline changes This changes the timeline of the virus since earlier samples sequenced came from the autumn or winter of 1918, showing dangerous viral changes. But now that the genome from the summer of the year has also been revived, it shows that the virus was becoming deadly much earlier. However, it isn't clear whether this represents co-circulating viral strains or a swift mutation sweep. The researchers compared the 1918 genome diversity with that of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and determined that the Spanish Fly strains had more genetic diversity in certain segments. Scientists believe there could be several more such tissues in formalin and the new methodology can be used to gain insights into diseases like tuberculosis, HIV, or pre-antibiotic bacterial infections.

Spanish Flu gripped the world from 1918 to 1920. The lung of an 18-year-old who died in the summer of 1918 has revealed secret mutations that had remained unknown until now. The Spanish Flu had turned deadly way before previously thought.&nbsp;

107-year-old lung used to revive deadly Spanish Flu genome: This changes history

NASA’s Perseverance rover may have uncovered the strongest clue yet that microbial life once existed on Mars. A rock sample named “Sapphire Canyon,” collected from a dried riverbed in Jezero Crater, contains chemical signatures that scientists say could be of biological origin, according to new research published in Nature. The sample was extracted from a rock called “Cheyava Falls” in 2024, located in a geological area known as the Bright Angel formation — a site believed to have been shaped by flowing water long ago. The presence of certain minerals and organic molecules in this sample raises the possibility that it holds a “potential biosignature” — a feature or substance that may indicate past life, although further analysis is required to be certain.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-no-way-not-going-to-happen-acting-nasa-chief-duffy-says-china-will-not-beat-us-to-the-moon-1757520784597">'No way, not going to happen': Acting NASA chief Duffy says China will not beat US to the Moon</a>&nbsp;“This is the most compelling evidence to date for potential ancient life on Mars,” said NASA’s acting administrator Sean Duffy. “It’s a major step forward in our search for life beyond Earth.” Perseverance began studying the Bright Angel formation — a group of rock layers lining the edges of the ancient Neretva Vallis river channel — in July 2024. The terrain’s clay- and silt-rich sedimentary rocks are ideal for preserving ancient life, much like similar deposits on Earth.&nbsp;The rover’s scientific instruments, particularly PIXL and SHERLOC, detected a combination of organic carbon, sulfur, iron oxides, and phosphorus in the Cheyava Falls rock. These elements could have served as energy sources for microbial life — if it ever existed there. A particularly intriguing feature was the discovery of tiny “leopard spot” mineral patterns — zones rich in vivianite (an iron phosphate often found near decaying matter on Earth) and greigite (an iron sulfide linked to certain microbes). These minerals could have formed through reactions between organic matter and minerals in the rock, a process microbes are known to use for energy. However, scientists also note that these minerals can be produced without life, under certain geological conditions.&nbsp;Importantly, the Bright Angel rocks don’t appear to have undergone extreme heat or acidity — two non-biological conditions that could create these minerals — which makes the biological explanation more plausible, though not yet proven. “This find caught us off guard,” said Joel Hurowitz, lead author of the paper and a planetary scientist at Stony Brook University. “We assumed we’d find signs of life in older rocks. These are relatively young, which may mean Mars was habitable longer than we thought.”&nbsp;NASA stresses that although the results are exciting, they don’t confirm past life on Mars. Scientists must still rule out all non-biological explanations. “Extraordinary claims demand extraordinary evidence,” said Katie Stack Morgan, deputy project scientist. “This peer-reviewed publication is a major step, but more work lies ahead.”&nbsp;Sapphire Canyon is one of 27 core samples Perseverance has collected since landing in Jezero Crater in 2021. These samples may eventually be returned to Earth for detailed study in a future mission. In addition to rock sampling, the rover also monitors weather and tests materials for future human exploration of Mars. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), managed by Caltech, oversees the Perseverance mission as part of the broader Mars Exploration Program.

'Most compelling evidence to date...': NASA's Perseverance may have found traces of life on the red planet

NASA’s Perseverance rover may have uncovered the strongest clue yet that microbial life once existed on Mars. A rock sample named “Sapphire Canyon,” collected from a dried riverbed in Jezero Crater, contains chemical signatures that scientists say could be of biological origin, according to new research published in Nature. The sample was extracted from a rock called “Cheyava Falls” in 2024, located in a geological area known as the Bright Angel formation — a site believed to have been shaped by flowing water long ago. The presence of certain minerals and organic molecules in this sample raises the possibility that it holds a “potential biosignature” — a feature or substance that may indicate past life, although further analysis is required to be certain. Also Read: 'No way, not going to happen': Acting NASA chief Duffy says China will not beat US to the Moon “This is the most compelling evidence to date for potential ancient life on Mars,” said NASA’s acting administrator Sean Duffy. “It’s a major step forward in our search for life beyond Earth.” Perseverance began studying the Bright Angel formation — a group of rock layers lining the edges of the ancient Neretva Vallis river channel — in July 2024. The terrain’s clay- and silt-rich sedimentary rocks are ideal for preserving ancient life, much like similar deposits on Earth. The rover’s scientific instruments, particularly PIXL and SHERLOC, detected a combination of organic carbon, sulfur, iron oxides, and phosphorus in the Cheyava Falls rock. These elements could have served as energy sources for microbial life — if it ever existed there. A particularly intriguing feature was the discovery of tiny “leopard spot” mineral patterns — zones rich in vivianite (an iron phosphate often found near decaying matter on Earth) and greigite (an iron sulfide linked to certain microbes). These minerals could have formed through reactions between organic matter and minerals in the rock, a process microbes are known to use for energy. However, scientists also note that these minerals can be produced without life, under certain geological conditions. Importantly, the Bright Angel rocks don’t appear to have undergone extreme heat or acidity — two non-biological conditions that could create these minerals — which makes the biological explanation more plausible, though not yet proven. “This find caught us off guard,” said Joel Hurowitz, lead author of the paper and a planetary scientist at Stony Brook University. “We assumed we’d find signs of life in older rocks. These are relatively young, which may mean Mars was habitable longer than we thought.” NASA stresses that although the results are exciting, they don’t confirm past life on Mars. Scientists must still rule out all non-biological explanations. “Extraordinary claims demand extraordinary evidence,” said Katie Stack Morgan, deputy project scientist. “This peer-reviewed publication is a major step, but more work lies ahead.” Sapphire Canyon is one of 27 core samples Perseverance has collected since landing in Jezero Crater in 2021. These samples may eventually be returned to Earth for detailed study in a future mission. In addition to rock sampling, the rover also monitors weather and tests materials for future human exploration of Mars. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), managed by Caltech, oversees the Perseverance mission as part of the broader Mars Exploration Program.

NASA’s Perseverance rover found a Mars rock with chemical signs that may hint at past microbial life — the strongest clue yet from the Red Planet

Acting NASA Administrator Sean Duffy made a fierce statement about the space agency's quest to return humans to the Moon during a press conference on Wednesday. He dismissed China's efforts to send humans to the Moon, strongly asserting that the United States will be the first country to race to the pole, leaving behind everyone else striving to do the same. Duffy said that the US will return to the Moon before China. "No way, not going to happen," Duffy said, referring to China and its program to put a man on the Moon before the US, over 50 years after the Apollo program ended. NASA had called the conference to inform the world about the discovery of the strongest signs of life on Mars in the past. The finding was published in the journal Nature. NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover collected a sample from an ancient dry riverbed in Jezero Crater, which it said likely preserves evidence of ancient microbial life. Called “Sapphire Canyon,” this sample was taken from a rock named “Cheyava Falls” in 2024. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/has-nasa-found-life-on-mars-social-media-abuzz-with-speculation-over-sapphire-canyon-and-upcoming-announcement-1757487969809">Has NASA found life on Mars? Social media abuzz with speculation over 'Sapphire Canyon' and upcoming announcement</a>&nbsp;<h2>China successfully tested its lunar lander "Lanyue" this year</h2>Notably, China is racing ahead with its mission to send humans to the Moon. It is targeting a timeline before 2030 to land astronauts on the Moon. It also plans to build a research station and even a nuclear station on the lunar body. China seems to be winning the space race, as in August 2025, it successfully completed comprehensive landing and takeoff tests of its new manned lunar lander, named "Lanyue." But, Duffy reiterated NASA's commitment to win this space race and asserted that the US will get there before China. "We need to keep pushing and win this space race," Duffy said. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/600km-solid-core-inside-mars-stuns-scientists-only-the-third-after-earth-and-moon-1757337941390">600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - Only the third after Earth and Moon</a>&nbsp;Duffy also used the occasion to stress that NASA and President Donald Trump are committed to exploring space and sending humans to the Moon and Mars. He also dismissed any concerns about the budget allocated to NASA to carry out its missions, stating that what they have is enough. "We need science for the Moon and Mars. We can accomplish our mission with the given budget. The president loves space. He asked me about it," Duffy said. Trump had announced considerable budget cuts for NASA, raising a question mark on the future of the Artemis missions, aimed at sending humans to the moon once again.&nbsp;While Duffy tried to claim a major win for Trump at the press conference, reporters continued to stump him by asking about what NASA is doing to bring back samples from Mars. This particular mission has been in jeopardy for a long time, as the initial plans had to be scrapped because of the rising costs. "I have to look at dollars, time, and return. We need to get these samples back in a better way. Resources are precious. We need to work to our best possible abilities." &nbsp;

Acting NASA administrator Sean Duffy has asserted that China will not beat the US in the race to the Moon. He said at a press conference that they will win the space race and that the budget allocated to them is enough.

Acting NASA Administrator Sean Duffy made a fierce statement about the space agency's quest to return humans to the Moon during a press conference on Wednesday. He dismissed China's efforts to send humans to the Moon, strongly asserting that the United States will be the first country to race to the pole, leaving behind everyone else striving to do the same. Duffy said that the US will return to the Moon before China. "No way, not going to happen," Duffy said, referring to China and its program to put a man on the Moon before the US, over 50 years after the Apollo program ended. NASA had called the conference to inform the world about the discovery of the strongest signs of life on Mars in the past. The finding was published in the journal Nature. NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover collected a sample from an ancient dry riverbed in Jezero Crater, which it said likely preserves evidence of ancient microbial life. Called “Sapphire Canyon,” this sample was taken from a rock named “Cheyava Falls” in 2024. Also Read: Has NASA found life on Mars? Social media abuzz with speculation over 'Sapphire Canyon' and upcoming announcement China successfully tested its lunar lander "Lanyue" this year Notably, China is racing ahead with its mission to send humans to the Moon. It is targeting a timeline before 2030 to land astronauts on the Moon. It also plans to build a research station and even a nuclear station on the lunar body. China seems to be winning the space race, as in August 2025, it successfully completed comprehensive landing and takeoff tests of its new manned lunar lander, named "Lanyue." But, Duffy reiterated NASA's commitment to win this space race and asserted that the US will get there before China. "We need to keep pushing and win this space race," Duffy said. Also Read: 600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - Only the third after Earth and Moon Duffy also used the occasion to stress that NASA and President Donald Trump are committed to exploring space and sending humans to the Moon and Mars. He also dismissed any concerns about the budget allocated to NASA to carry out its missions, stating that what they have is enough. "We need science for the Moon and Mars. We can accomplish our mission with the given budget. The president loves space. He asked me about it," Duffy said. Trump had announced considerable budget cuts for NASA, raising a question mark on the future of the Artemis missions, aimed at sending humans to the moon once again. While Duffy tried to claim a major win for Trump at the press conference, reporters continued to stump him by asking about what NASA is doing to bring back samples from Mars. This particular mission has been in jeopardy for a long time, as the initial plans had to be scrapped because of the rising costs. "I have to look at dollars, time, and return. We need to get these samples back in a better way. Resources are precious. We need to work to our best possible abilities."

Acting NASA administrator Sean Duffy has asserted that China will not beat the US in the race to the Moon. He said at a press conference that they will win the space race and that the budget allocated to them is enough.

'No way, not going to happen': Acting NASA chief Duffy says China will not beat US to the Moon

Scientists discovered huge tunnels in Brazil and Argentina decades ago and were surprised to see such complex creations made when ancient humans walked the planet. To create such vast tunnels would not have been easy in the absence of complex equipment. Experts think that it is also almost impossible that geological processes shaped these tunnels. The mystery of who built these tunnels was solved in 2018 when a study published in Science Advances revealed that these tunnels were actually made by a creature that has now gone extinct. According to researchers, giant ground sloths burrowed through the ground to make the tunnels. Geology professor Heinrich Frank first discovered these tunnels. These structures are over 1,968 feet long and nearly six feet high. What's more, over 1,500 such tunnels were found in the Rio Grande do Sul region in southern Brazil alone. Humans didn't possess the tools and craft to make them, nor could they have been the work of nature.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/biblical-killer-cain-lives-mormon-folklore-says-adam-and-eve-s-outcast-son-may-be-bigfoot-1756716087132">Biblical killer Cain lives? Mormon folklore says Adam and Eve's outcast son may be Bigfoot</a>&nbsp;Frank noted that these “paleoburrows” had big claw scratches, set up in a parallel layout. This was a clue that these tunnels were the handiwork of giant creatures. “There’s no geological process in the world that produces long tunnels with a circular or elliptical cross-section, which branch and rise and fall, with claw marks on the walls,” Frank told Discover. He noted that he had come across "dozens of caves that have inorganic origins," and he is sure that &nbsp;"digging animals had no role in their creation."Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientists-stumble-upon-a-20-7-feet-long-anaconda-on-tv-show-could-24-foot-creatures-be-next-1755517634345">Scientists stumble upon a 20.7 feet green anaconda on TV show. Could 24 foot creatures be next?</a>&nbsp;To prove that the tunnels weren't made by natural processes, scientists point to the fact that the sheer scale, geometry, and features show that they did not originate from geological processes like erosion or lava tubes. They also do not resemble any known anthropogenic structures. They point to the giant claw marks to state that a prehistoric animal made these tunnels, more specifically giant ground sloth (Megatherium or related genera), This sloth scuttled through the grounds of South America during the Pleistocene epoch, some 8,000–10,000 years ago. They weren't ordinary sloths, but resembled elephants. Their limbs were strong, and their claws were huge, which allowed them to excavate the ground to build the tunnels.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientists-stumbled-upon-four-jet-black-eggs-20-000-feet-below-ocean-they-turned-out-to-be-1752050826299">Scientists stumbled upon four pitch-black eggs 20,000 feet below ocean. They turned out to be...</a>&nbsp;They were built over several generations, as proven by their length and the area they were spread across. They most likely served as shelters for the sloths, who were herbivores. Human footprints, seemingly showing that they followed the sloths, have also been found in the tunnels. “It is possible that the behaviour was playful, but human interactions with sloths are probably better interpreted in the context of stalking and/or hunting,” according to researchers. &nbsp;

Giant tunnels discovered in Brazil and Argentina were not made by humans. They also did not come into existence because of nature. So who built them? Scientists say a creature that looked like an elephant, but was actually a sloth, burrowed through Earth.

Scientists discovered huge tunnels in Brazil and Argentina decades ago and were surprised to see such complex creations made when ancient humans walked the planet. To create such vast tunnels would not have been easy in the absence of complex equipment. Experts think that it is also almost impossible that geological processes shaped these tunnels. The mystery of who built these tunnels was solved in 2018 when a study published in Science Advances revealed that these tunnels were actually made by a creature that has now gone extinct. According to researchers, giant ground sloths burrowed through the ground to make the tunnels. Geology professor Heinrich Frank first discovered these tunnels. These structures are over 1,968 feet long and nearly six feet high. What's more, over 1,500 such tunnels were found in the Rio Grande do Sul region in southern Brazil alone. Humans didn't possess the tools and craft to make them, nor could they have been the work of nature. Also Read: Biblical killer Cain lives? Mormon folklore says Adam and Eve's outcast son may be Bigfoot Frank noted that these “paleoburrows” had big claw scratches, set up in a parallel layout. This was a clue that these tunnels were the handiwork of giant creatures. “There’s no geological process in the world that produces long tunnels with a circular or elliptical cross-section, which branch and rise and fall, with claw marks on the walls,” Frank told Discover. He noted that he had come across "dozens of caves that have inorganic origins," and he is sure that "digging animals had no role in their creation." Also Read: Scientists stumble upon a 20.7 feet green anaconda on TV show. Could 24 foot creatures be next? To prove that the tunnels weren't made by natural processes, scientists point to the fact that the sheer scale, geometry, and features show that they did not originate from geological processes like erosion or lava tubes. They also do not resemble any known anthropogenic structures. They point to the giant claw marks to state that a prehistoric animal made these tunnels, more specifically giant ground sloth (Megatherium or related genera), This sloth scuttled through the grounds of South America during the Pleistocene epoch, some 8,000–10,000 years ago. They weren't ordinary sloths, but resembled elephants. Their limbs were strong, and their claws were huge, which allowed them to excavate the ground to build the tunnels. Also Read: Scientists stumbled upon four pitch-black eggs 20,000 feet below ocean. They turned out to be... They were built over several generations, as proven by their length and the area they were spread across. They most likely served as shelters for the sloths, who were herbivores. Human footprints, seemingly showing that they followed the sloths, have also been found in the tunnels. “It is possible that the behaviour was playful, but human interactions with sloths are probably better interpreted in the context of stalking and/or hunting,” according to researchers.

Giant tunnels discovered in Brazil and Argentina were not made by humans. They also did not come into existence because of nature. So who built them? Scientists say a creature that looked like an elephant, but was actually a sloth, burrowed through Earth.

Who built 2,000-foot ancient tunnels in Brazil and Argentina? Not humans, not nature, but...

How were black holes discovered? These cosmic giants are a relatively new discovery, yet they have been theorised for over 200 years. Who was the first person to talk about black holes, or as they were initially known, “dark stars.”

How were black holes discovered? These cosmic giants are a relatively new discovery, yet they have been theorised for over 200 years. Who was the first person to talk about black holes, or as they were initially known, “dark stars.”

How were black holes discovered? 240-year-old concept hypothesised 'dark stars' which turned out to be...

Earth has a new quasi-moon that has been right there all along, but somehow scientists failed to see it earlier. Named 2025 PN7, it has been near our planet for decades, moving in a stable orbit. It will remain there for several more to come. The finding was published in Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. The quasi-moon was discovered on August 2 by the Pan-STARRS observatory in Hawaii. After astronomers spotted 2025 PN7, they scanned through past data from the telescope to see whether it had been observed earlier. To their surprise, they found images of the quasi-moon dating back to 2014. They noted that it has been moving alongside Earth in a stable orbit for over 60 years. It is not going anywhere for 60 more years, when it will ultimately escape and drift away. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/was-mini-moon-asteroid-once-part-of-our-moon-nasa-will-try-to-find-out-when-it-returns-779866">Was 'mini-moon' asteroid once part of our Moon? NASA will try to find out when it returns</a>&nbsp;Notably, Earth has around seven such quasi-moons. Quasi-moons are nothing but asteroids that are on similar orbits to our planet. However, they aren't caught by Earth's gravitational force and are only influenced by it. This is why they do not fully qualify to be called a moon. They share Earth's orbit around the Sun and do not actually orbit the planet. Scientists have stated that 2025-PN7 is around 62 feet wide, and between 4.5 million kilometres and 59.8 million kilometres away from Earth. It belongs to an elite group of near-Earth asteroids. The Pan-STARRS observatory located the quasi-moon in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/when-will-earth-get-its-next-mini-moon-a-1981-and-2022-visitor-returns-in-778199">When will Earth get its next mini-moon? A 1981 and 2022 visitor returns in...</a>&nbsp;<h2>What is a quasi-moon of Earth?</h2> One of the most famous quasi-moons is Kamoʻoalewa, officially known as 2016 HO3. It was detected on April 27, 2016, and has an elongated shape instead of a sphere. It measures between 131 and 328 feet across, and a Chinese mission will soon study the quasi-moon. The Tianwen-2 mission was launched in May this year and has been designed to collect samples from Kamoʻoalewa. It will bring them back to Earth in 2027. The aim of the mission is to find clues that could offer more insights into the origin of the solar system.&nbsp;<h2>Are quasi-moons and mini-moons the same?</h2> No, quasi-moons and mini-moons are not the same. As mentioned above, quasi-moons orbit in the same path as Earth, sharing its space and keeping pace with it. They are asteroids influenced by Earth's gravity but not caught by it. Meanwhile, mini-moons are asteroids that get caught in Earth's gravitational force. They are also temporary and drift away within weeks to a few years. Quasi-moons, on the other hand, accompany the planet for a longer time. We had a mini-moon last year when asteroid 2024 PT5 &nbsp;visited and stayed from Sep 29 to Nov 25.

Earth has seven quasi-moons, and one of them has been with us for over 60 years, yet scientists have only now found it. Quasi-moon is an asteroid that moves in the same orbit as Earth and is influenced by our planet's gravity. Yet, it is not a mini-moon.

Earth has a new quasi-moon that has been right there all along, but somehow scientists failed to see it earlier. Named 2025 PN7, it has been near our planet for decades, moving in a stable orbit. It will remain there for several more to come. The finding was published in Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. The quasi-moon was discovered on August 2 by the Pan-STARRS observatory in Hawaii. After astronomers spotted 2025 PN7, they scanned through past data from the telescope to see whether it had been observed earlier. To their surprise, they found images of the quasi-moon dating back to 2014. They noted that it has been moving alongside Earth in a stable orbit for over 60 years. It is not going anywhere for 60 more years, when it will ultimately escape and drift away. Also Read: Was 'mini-moon' asteroid once part of our Moon? NASA will try to find out when it returns Notably, Earth has around seven such quasi-moons. Quasi-moons are nothing but asteroids that are on similar orbits to our planet. However, they aren't caught by Earth's gravitational force and are only influenced by it. This is why they do not fully qualify to be called a moon. They share Earth's orbit around the Sun and do not actually orbit the planet. Scientists have stated that 2025-PN7 is around 62 feet wide, and between 4.5 million kilometres and 59.8 million kilometres away from Earth. It belongs to an elite group of near-Earth asteroids. The Pan-STARRS observatory located the quasi-moon in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. Also Read: When will Earth get its next mini-moon? A 1981 and 2022 visitor returns in... What is a quasi-moon of Earth? One of the most famous quasi-moons is Kamoʻoalewa, officially known as 2016 HO3. It was detected on April 27, 2016, and has an elongated shape instead of a sphere. It measures between 131 and 328 feet across, and a Chinese mission will soon study the quasi-moon. The Tianwen-2 mission was launched in May this year and has been designed to collect samples from Kamoʻoalewa. It will bring them back to Earth in 2027. The aim of the mission is to find clues that could offer more insights into the origin of the solar system. Are quasi-moons and mini-moons the same? No, quasi-moons and mini-moons are not the same. As mentioned above, quasi-moons orbit in the same path as Earth, sharing its space and keeping pace with it. They are asteroids influenced by Earth's gravity but not caught by it. Meanwhile, mini-moons are asteroids that get caught in Earth's gravitational force. They are also temporary and drift away within weeks to a few years. Quasi-moons, on the other hand, accompany the planet for a longer time. We had a mini-moon last year when asteroid 2024 PT5 visited and stayed from Sep 29 to Nov 25.

Earth has seven quasi-moons, and one of them has been with us for over 60 years, yet scientists have only now found it. Quasi-moon is an asteroid that moves in the same orbit as Earth and is influenced by our planet's gravity. Yet, it is not a mini-moon.

WHAT! Earth has been sharing its orbit with a cosmic body for 60 years. We have only now seen it

NASA is set to announce something the Perseverance rover has found on Mars. The space agency doesn't call a lot of press conferences unless it has some big news. This is why its latest call is generating buzz that the rover scouting the Red Planet since 2021 has made a major discovery, possibly about the existence of life. NASA is careful not to make wrongful assertions about life on other cosmic bodies, and doesn't make a lot of public announcements. But, it has called reporters to gather for an announcement on September 10 at 11 am ET. Space enthusiasts are almost sure that the space agency is going to inform the world about something huge. Perseverance has been searching for clues of life on Mars near the Jezero Crater. Scientists say a river flowed in this region billions of years ago.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/600km-solid-core-inside-mars-stuns-scientists-only-the-third-after-earth-and-moon-1757337941390">600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - Only the third after Earth and Moon</a>&nbsp;NASA has been routinely studying Mars using its rovers, of which Perseverance and Curiosity continue to roam the red planet. The rovers have come across strange-looking rocks in the recent past. There was a rock with spherules on it, another with zebra lines and one that resembled a human face. Last year, Curiosity crushed a rock, revealing pure sulfur on Mars. Perseverance spotted white rocks strewn across its surface, creating intrigue about the red planet. NASA has revealed all these discoveries through press releases, but not to a melee of reporters.&nbsp;<h2>What could NASA announce?</h2> In July last year, the Perseverance rover found a piece of the rock in an area called Neretva Vallis, which is part of the Jezero Crater. It was named "Sapphire Canyon" and scientists are believed to have found biosignatures, signs of ancient microbial life, in this rock. Social media is abuzz with speculations that NASA could reveal more about this sample that came from a vein-filled rock named "Cheyava Falls." At the 56th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Texas, Joel Hurowitz presented a study that stated thatthe &nbsp;Perseverance rover had found unusual spots and seed-like shapes in ancient Martian rocks. The study noted that these "poppy seeds" and "leopard spots" could be signs of life. Reports suggest that Hurowitz will be present at the press conference and reveal more about the discovery made on Mars, possibly proof of ancient life that likely existed billions of years ago. &nbsp;

Has the Perseverance rover found life on Mars? NASA's call to the media for a meeting on Wednesday has sparked speculation that the rover has possibly found signs of life on the Red Planet.  

NASA is set to announce something the Perseverance rover has found on Mars. The space agency doesn't call a lot of press conferences unless it has some big news. This is why its latest call is generating buzz that the rover scouting the Red Planet since 2021 has made a major discovery, possibly about the existence of life. NASA is careful not to make wrongful assertions about life on other cosmic bodies, and doesn't make a lot of public announcements. But, it has called reporters to gather for an announcement on September 10 at 11 am ET. Space enthusiasts are almost sure that the space agency is going to inform the world about something huge. Perseverance has been searching for clues of life on Mars near the Jezero Crater. Scientists say a river flowed in this region billions of years ago. Also Read: 600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - Only the third after Earth and Moon NASA has been routinely studying Mars using its rovers, of which Perseverance and Curiosity continue to roam the red planet. The rovers have come across strange-looking rocks in the recent past. There was a rock with spherules on it, another with zebra lines and one that resembled a human face. Last year, Curiosity crushed a rock, revealing pure sulfur on Mars. Perseverance spotted white rocks strewn across its surface, creating intrigue about the red planet. NASA has revealed all these discoveries through press releases, but not to a melee of reporters. What could NASA announce? In July last year, the Perseverance rover found a piece of the rock in an area called Neretva Vallis, which is part of the Jezero Crater. It was named "Sapphire Canyon" and scientists are believed to have found biosignatures, signs of ancient microbial life, in this rock. Social media is abuzz with speculations that NASA could reveal more about this sample that came from a vein-filled rock named "Cheyava Falls." At the 56th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Texas, Joel Hurowitz presented a study that stated thatthe Perseverance rover had found unusual spots and seed-like shapes in ancient Martian rocks. The study noted that these "poppy seeds" and "leopard spots" could be signs of life. Reports suggest that Hurowitz will be present at the press conference and reveal more about the discovery made on Mars, possibly proof of ancient life that likely existed billions of years ago.

Has the Perseverance rover found life on Mars? NASA's call to the media for a meeting on Wednesday has sparked speculation that the rover has possibly found signs of life on the Red Planet. &nbsp;

Has NASA found life on Mars? Social media abuzz with speculation over 'Sapphire Canyon' and upcoming announcement

'Oumuamua is most likely a piece of a body that resembles Pluto, and was flung out of the solar system when it was a chaotic place right after being born. The first interstellar visitor was observed in 2017, changing the dynamics and understanding of cosmic space.

'Oumuamua is most likely a piece of a body that resembles Pluto, and was flung out of the solar system when it was a chaotic place right after being born. The first interstellar visitor was observed in 2017, changing the dynamics and understanding of cosmic space.

Is 'Oumuamua a piece of ancient solar system? Scientists think it came from 'exo-Pluto'

Everything we know about Interstellar object 3I/Atlas: Where is the interstellar comet coming from? Could it really be an alien spaceship? Will it hit Earth? Is 3I/Atlas really a comet, or could it be an entirely new piece of space rock?

Everything we know about Interstellar object 3I/Atlas: Where is the interstellar comet coming from? Could it really be an alien spaceship? Will it hit Earth? Is 3I/Atlas really a comet, or could it be an entirely new piece of space rock?

All you should know about interstellar object 3I/Atlas: Size, origin, arrival, and why has it turned green

India's Kerala on Monday (Sep 8) reported its fifth death this month due to the brain-eating amoeba. According to reports, the patient, a native of Malappuram was undergoing treatment for the brain-eating amoeba, aka primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The Naegleria fowleri, aka "the brain-eating amoeba", lives and thrives in water bodies with stagnant water, a feature made alarming by the fact that, to date, in Kerala, the traditional practice of pond bathing remains a common practice. In the Southern Indian state, "Kulams" and temple ponds often serve as traditional bathing and swimming spots.<h2>What we know about the deceased patient</h2>The patient has been identified as 56-year-old Sobhana, from Thiruvali near Wandoor in Malappuram district. She was admitted to the hospital last week and had been in a critical condition since then.&nbsp;This was the fifth fatality since August 14th. Earlier, on Saturday (Sep 6), a patient identified as 45-year-old Ratheesh, a native of Sulthan Bathery in Wayanad district succumbed to the infection.&nbsp;According to reports, 11 people are currently undergoing treatment for the amoeba at Kozhikode MCH. The condition of at least one of the patients is reported to be serious. A total of 42 cases have been reported across Kerala this year.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/alert-sounded-kerala-girl-dies-of-brain-eating-amoeba-how-safe-are-you-explained-primary-amoebic-meningoencephalitis-naegleria-fowleri-1755492493924">Alert sounded after Kerala girl dies of 'brain-eating amoeba' — How safe are you? | WION Explains</a><h2>What is primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)?</h2>Amoebic meningoencephalitis or amoebic encephalitis is caused by Naegleria fowleri, aka "the brain-eating amoeba". It is a microscopic single-celled organism found in warm freshwater bodies like lakes, rivers and hot springs.&nbsp;The organism mainly thrives in warm water and heat and grows best in high temperatures up to 115°F (46°C) but can at times survive warmer temperatures.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/trump-once-accused-of-marital-rape-dismisses-domestic-violence-as-little-fight-with-wife-1757387427951">Trump, once accused of marital rape, dismisses domestic violence as ‘little fight with wife’</a><h2>How does it infect people?</h2>Naegleria fowleri can enter the body via infected water. This can happen when people go swimming, diving, or dunk their heads in water contaminated by this amoeba. The amoeba, as per the United States Centres for Disease Control (CDC) travels up your nose and enters the brain cavity, where it slowly destroys brain tissue and causes a rare but usually fatal infection called Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).&nbsp;Even if people don't go swimming in the above-mentioned water bodies, they can still risk infection if they use Naegleria fowleri-contaminated water to cleanse their noses and clear sinuses. In rare instances, people have been infected by chlorine-free pool water, water parks, etc.

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">56-year-old dies from brain fever in Kerala. 11 people undergoing treatment for disease.<a href="https://twitter.com/JyotsnaKumar13?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@JyotsnaKumar13</a> speaks to <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@sdhrthmp</a> for more details. <a href="https://t.co/YdUpvxNygh">pic.twitter.com/YdUpvxNygh</a>&mdash; WION (@WIONews) <a href="https://twitter.com/WIONews/status/1965272873888538629?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 9, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

A 56-year-old woman in Kerala has died from primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), marking the state's fifth fatality from the "brain-eating amoeba" this month. All you need to know about the invisible killer in Kerala’s waters.

India's Kerala on Monday (Sep 8) reported its fifth death this month due to the brain-eating amoeba. According to reports, the patient, a native of Malappuram was undergoing treatment for the brain-eating amoeba, aka primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The Naegleria fowleri, aka "the brain-eating amoeba", lives and thrives in water bodies with stagnant water, a feature made alarming by the fact that, to date, in Kerala, the traditional practice of pond bathing remains a common practice. In the Southern Indian state, "Kulams" and temple ponds often serve as traditional bathing and swimming spots. What we know about the deceased patient The patient has been identified as 56-year-old Sobhana, from Thiruvali near Wandoor in Malappuram district. She was admitted to the hospital last week and had been in a critical condition since then. This was the fifth fatality since August 14th. Earlier, on Saturday (Sep 6), a patient identified as 45-year-old Ratheesh, a native of Sulthan Bathery in Wayanad district succumbed to the infection. According to reports, 11 people are currently undergoing treatment for the amoeba at Kozhikode MCH. The condition of at least one of the patients is reported to be serious. A total of 42 cases have been reported across Kerala this year. Also read | Alert sounded after Kerala girl dies of 'brain-eating amoeba' — How safe are you? | WION Explains What is primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)? Amoebic meningoencephalitis or amoebic encephalitis is caused by Naegleria fowleri, aka "the brain-eating amoeba". It is a microscopic single-celled organism found in warm freshwater bodies like lakes, rivers and hot springs. The organism mainly thrives in warm water and heat and grows best in high temperatures up to 115°F (46°C) but can at times survive warmer temperatures. Also read | Trump, once accused of marital rape, dismisses domestic violence as ‘little fight with wife’ How does it infect people? Naegleria fowleri can enter the body via infected water. This can happen when people go swimming, diving, or dunk their heads in water contaminated by this amoeba. The amoeba, as per the United States Centres for Disease Control (CDC) travels up your nose and enters the brain cavity, where it slowly destroys brain tissue and causes a rare but usually fatal infection called Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even if people don't go swimming in the above-mentioned water bodies, they can still risk infection if they use Naegleria fowleri-contaminated water to cleanse their noses and clear sinuses. In rare instances, people have been infected by chlorine-free pool water, water parks, etc.

A 56-year-old woman in Kerala has died from primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), marking the state's fifth fatality from the "brain-eating amoeba" this month. All you need to know about the invisible killer in Kerala’s waters.

The invisible killer in Kerala’s waters: ‘Brain-eating amoeba’ claims fifth life in less than a month

A team of astronomers from China have figured out the origin point of interstellar object 3I/Atlas. Earlier observations had shown that this mysterious object is travelling from the thick disk of the Milky Way. However, Yiyang Guo and his team from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University have deduced that it might have actually come from the thin disk of our galaxy. The thin disk is a region full of new stars and dust that sits inside a puffy region that is known as the thick disk. The latter has residents that are quite old and also has a different composition than the thin disk. Around 10 per cent of the galaxy’s stars can be found in the thick disk. Guo analysed the current orbit of 3I/ATLAS and the orbits of nearby stars to learn where this interstellar object could have come from. Their research changes the earlier view that it originated from among the ancient stars in the Milky Way.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/interstellar-object-3i-atlas-grows-visible-tail-in-live-gemini-images-1757049928075">Interstellar object 3I/ATLAS grows visible tail in live Gemini images. So, it's a comet?</a>&nbsp; Guo and his team posted their findings to the preprint server arXiv. They suspected that any of the stars could have flung 3I/Atlast into interstellar space. They looked at the past orbits of the object and of 30 million stars to confirm if this was a possibility, since this is a common way interstellar objects are formed. It is like a slingshot, where if an asteroid or comet comes near a planet, the gravitational force throws it out of the star system. The researchers were looking for one such star that came close to <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/all-the-ways-humans-can-intercept-3i-atlas-before-it-slips-away-alien-spaceship-or-comet-1756878424334">3I/Atlas</a>, and likely shoved it out into interstellar space. Simulations revealed that 25 stars passed within 1 parsec (3.26 light-years) of<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/interstellar-object-3i-atlas-grows-visible-tail-in-live-gemini-images-1757049928075"> 3I/ATLAS</a>. But the problem was that even though these stars were close enough to slingshot it, the relative speeds were too high, and so none of them could be called a culprit.&nbsp;<h2>3I/Atlas and the several anomalies</h2>So the researchers shifted their focus to the stars in the thin disk, matching its current motion to the velocity distribution of stars in the thin disk. Since most of the stars reside in the thin disk, the researchers zeroed in on the possibility that 3I/Atlas likely originated in this region of the Milky Way. This is one aspect of the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/loeb-says-mars-reconnaissance-orbiter-hirise-could-spy-on-3i-atlas-to-reveal-if-it-is-an-alien-probe-or-just-a-comet-1756814643185">interstellar visitor</a> among a myriad of things that have baffled scientists. For one, its trajectory aligns perfectly with the planets in the solar system, leading some scientists, like Avi Loeb, to claim that it has been deliberately sent by an alien civilisation to seed probes. &nbsp;The coma of <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/listed-all-the-clues-that-point-to-3i-atlas-being-an-alien-tech-not-a-comet-1756794218372">3I/Atlas</a> is exhibiting strange occurrences, as it contains one of the highest ratios of carbon dioxide to water ever observed in any comet. The object has been deduced to be a comet, although no tail was visible for a very long time. But, in late August, the Gemini telescope in Chile saw that it was becoming more active as it hurtles towards the inner solar system, and has developed a tail.

Origin of interstellar object 3I/Atlas: Scientists have proposed an alternate theory about the origin of the interstellar visitor racing towards the inner solar system. It has come from the Milky Way, but from where exactly?

A team of astronomers from China have figured out the origin point of interstellar object 3I/Atlas. Earlier observations had shown that this mysterious object is travelling from the thick disk of the Milky Way. However, Yiyang Guo and his team from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University have deduced that it might have actually come from the thin disk of our galaxy. The thin disk is a region full of new stars and dust that sits inside a puffy region that is known as the thick disk. The latter has residents that are quite old and also has a different composition than the thin disk. Around 10 per cent of the galaxy’s stars can be found in the thick disk. Guo analysed the current orbit of 3I/ATLAS and the orbits of nearby stars to learn where this interstellar object could have come from. Their research changes the earlier view that it originated from among the ancient stars in the Milky Way. Also Read: Interstellar object 3I/ATLAS grows visible tail in live Gemini images. So, it's a comet? Guo and his team posted their findings to the preprint server arXiv. They suspected that any of the stars could have flung 3I/Atlast into interstellar space. They looked at the past orbits of the object and of 30 million stars to confirm if this was a possibility, since this is a common way interstellar objects are formed. It is like a slingshot, where if an asteroid or comet comes near a planet, the gravitational force throws it out of the star system. The researchers were looking for one such star that came close to 3I/Atlas, and likely shoved it out into interstellar space. Simulations revealed that 25 stars passed within 1 parsec (3.26 light-years) of 3I/ATLAS. But the problem was that even though these stars were close enough to slingshot it, the relative speeds were too high, and so none of them could be called a culprit. 3I/Atlas and the several anomalies So the researchers shifted their focus to the stars in the thin disk, matching its current motion to the velocity distribution of stars in the thin disk. Since most of the stars reside in the thin disk, the researchers zeroed in on the possibility that 3I/Atlas likely originated in this region of the Milky Way. This is one aspect of the interstellar visitor among a myriad of things that have baffled scientists. For one, its trajectory aligns perfectly with the planets in the solar system, leading some scientists, like Avi Loeb, to claim that it has been deliberately sent by an alien civilisation to seed probes. The coma of 3I/Atlas is exhibiting strange occurrences, as it contains one of the highest ratios of carbon dioxide to water ever observed in any comet. The object has been deduced to be a comet, although no tail was visible for a very long time. But, in late August, the Gemini telescope in Chile saw that it was becoming more active as it hurtles towards the inner solar system, and has developed a tail.

Origin of interstellar object 3I/Atlas: Scientists have proposed an alternate theory about the origin of the interstellar visitor racing towards the inner solar system. It has come from the Milky Way, but from where exactly?

Origin of 3I/ATLAS: Scientists claim the interstellar visitor is travelling from THIS point in space

A team of scientists from the US and China has made a startling discovery about our red neighbour, Mars. They have found a solid core inside the planet, a finding that could reshape all understanding about the red planet. Mars should ideally not have this core, but astronomers are shocked to see that it is real. The finding was published in the journal Nature. Seismic data collected by NASA's InSight lander, which is no longer in use, was analysed by researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China and the University of Texas at Austin. They studied Marsquakes on the red planet and discovered that a 600km solid core sits inside Mars. The researchers say that this presents new clues to how Mars formed, and that <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/asteroid-2024-yr4-moon-earth-collision-2032-space-rock-1749628743606">Earth </a>wasn't the only planet to have tectonic plates. &nbsp;Nicholas Schmerr, a planetary seismologist at the University of Maryland, College Park, wrote alongside the paper that this provides a new understanding of Mars’ deep interior. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/oldest-black-hole-can-fit-50-million-suns-and-was-born-with-the-big-bang-1757307294530">Oldest black hole can fit 50 million suns and was born with the Big Bang — 'Lonely and naked'</a>&nbsp;<h2>What lies inside Mars?</h2>The NASA InSight mission was launched in 2017 to specifically study the interior of <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/-we-ve-never-seen-marsquakes-reveal-stunning-structures-hiding-inside-the-red-planet-1756969195002">Mars</a>. A seismometer installed on it captured seismic activity, while a heat probe tracked internal heat flow. Mars’ crust, mantle and partially liquid metal core were earlier mapped using this data. The researchers used more data from the lander and found two distinctive types of seismic waves. The PKKP was one, which travelled through the planet’s core, while the PKiKP, bounced off the boundary of a solid inner core. The latter had proved that the Earth and Moon had solid cores. If Mars had a liquid core, then the PKKP waves should have been delayed by 50 to 200 seconds as compared to when they actually reached InSight. The speed of these waves helped calculate the radius of this solid inner core, which is measured at about 600km in radius. Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/-we-ve-never-seen-marsquakes-reveal-stunning-structures-hiding-inside-the-red-planet-1756969195002">'We've never seen...' — Marsquakes reveal 4.5-billion-year-old structures embedded in the red planet</a>&nbsp;<h2>Tectonic plates on Mars</h2>Meanwhile, Ross Mitchell, a geologist at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics in Beijing, told SCMP that high pressure and low temperature together force the liquid metal to "freeze" to form the core inside a planet. This is true for every cosmic body, be it a planet or a Moon; however, the time it takes to freeze the core differs. For most, this process doesn't happen fast enough. He says that if the revelation made in the paper holds true, "then it’s three of a kind: Earth, the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-s-james-webb-telescope-discovers-tiny-new-moon-orbiting-uranus-1757150537547">moon </a>and now Mars have inner cores." With Earth, the process was simple. The movement of surface plates helps carry heat from deep inside the planet to the surface. This was a major factor in the rapid cooling of the liquid metal.&nbsp;For Mars, tectonic plates were not believed to exist. Besides, the cooling of the core was thought to have been impeded by the presence of a molten layer between its mantle and core. However, Mitchell argues, that this blanket's role could have been shoved aside if Mars had plate tectonics in the past, helping it "cool rapidly despite the insulation."&nbsp;

Mars has a solid core, a stunning discovery that changes everything that has been thought about the formation of the red planet. A team of scientists studied Marsquakes to reveal that a 600km solid core sits inside the red planet.

A team of scientists from the US and China has made a startling discovery about our red neighbour, Mars. They have found a solid core inside the planet, a finding that could reshape all understanding about the red planet. Mars should ideally not have this core, but astronomers are shocked to see that it is real. The finding was published in the journal Nature. Seismic data collected by NASA's InSight lander, which is no longer in use, was analysed by researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China and the University of Texas at Austin. They studied Marsquakes on the red planet and discovered that a 600km solid core sits inside Mars. The researchers say that this presents new clues to how Mars formed, and that Earth wasn't the only planet to have tectonic plates. Nicholas Schmerr, a planetary seismologist at the University of Maryland, College Park, wrote alongside the paper that this provides a new understanding of Mars’ deep interior. Also Read: Oldest black hole can fit 50 million suns and was born with the Big Bang — 'Lonely and naked' What lies inside Mars? The NASA InSight mission was launched in 2017 to specifically study the interior of Mars. A seismometer installed on it captured seismic activity, while a heat probe tracked internal heat flow. Mars’ crust, mantle and partially liquid metal core were earlier mapped using this data. The researchers used more data from the lander and found two distinctive types of seismic waves. The PKKP was one, which travelled through the planet’s core, while the PKiKP, bounced off the boundary of a solid inner core. The latter had proved that the Earth and Moon had solid cores. If Mars had a liquid core, then the PKKP waves should have been delayed by 50 to 200 seconds as compared to when they actually reached InSight. The speed of these waves helped calculate the radius of this solid inner core, which is measured at about 600km in radius. Also Read: 'We've never seen...' — Marsquakes reveal 4.5-billion-year-old structures embedded in the red planet Tectonic plates on Mars Meanwhile, Ross Mitchell, a geologist at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics in Beijing, told SCMP that high pressure and low temperature together force the liquid metal to "freeze" to form the core inside a planet. This is true for every cosmic body, be it a planet or a Moon; however, the time it takes to freeze the core differs. For most, this process doesn't happen fast enough. He says that if the revelation made in the paper holds true, "then it’s three of a kind: Earth, the moon and now Mars have inner cores." With Earth, the process was simple. The movement of surface plates helps carry heat from deep inside the planet to the surface. This was a major factor in the rapid cooling of the liquid metal. For Mars, tectonic plates were not believed to exist. Besides, the cooling of the core was thought to have been impeded by the presence of a molten layer between its mantle and core. However, Mitchell argues, that this blanket's role could have been shoved aside if Mars had plate tectonics in the past, helping it "cool rapidly despite the insulation."

Mars has a solid core, a stunning discovery that changes everything that has been thought about the formation of the red planet. A team of scientists studied Marsquakes to reveal that a 600km solid core sits inside the red planet.

600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - Only the third after Earth and Moon

Scientists at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) have discovered a protein that may play a major role in brain ageing and memory loss.&nbsp;The research, published in ScienceDaily, focused on a protein called FTL1. In their study, scientists found that when the protein was present in excessive amounts, it damaged brain cells and led to memory problems in mice.&nbsp;When researchers removed the protein, the effects were remarkable. The brains of the mice began to function as if they were younger, with improved memory and cell activity.&nbsp;Lead researcher Professor Li Gan explained that the study offers “a promising path” to understanding age-related cognitive decline, although much more work is needed before it can be applied to humans.&nbsp;

FTL1 protein

<h2>How FTL1 Affects the Brain</h2>As the brain ages, proteins and other substances can build up in ways that disrupt normal function.&nbsp;The UCSF team discovered that FTL1 interferes with the brain’s ability to maintain healthy connections between neurons, the cells responsible for processing and storing information. This disruption can lead to memory loss and other symptoms linked to ageing and conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.&nbsp;By reducing or blocking the protein, researchers were able to reverse these effects in laboratory experiments, restoring brain activity to a more youthful state.&nbsp;<h2>For the Future</h2>While the findings are early, they raise hope for new treatments that could slow or even reverse cognitive decline in humans.&nbsp;According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 55 million people worldwide currently live with dementia. Understanding how proteins like FTL1 work could help scientists develop drugs to prevent or treat these conditions.&nbsp;Professor Gan stressed that clinical trials are still years away, but this research represents an important step in the fight against age-related brain diseases.

Researchers at UCSF have found a protein, FTL1, that may speed up brain ageing and memory loss. Blocking it in mice restored youthful brain activity. Could this lead to future dementia treatments? Know more below.

Scientists at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) have discovered a protein that may play a major role in brain ageing and memory loss. The research, published in ScienceDaily, focused on a protein called FTL1. In their study, scientists found that when the protein was present in excessive amounts, it damaged brain cells and led to memory problems in mice. When researchers removed the protein, the effects were remarkable. The brains of the mice began to function as if they were younger, with improved memory and cell activity. Lead researcher Professor Li Gan explained that the study offers “a promising path” to understanding age-related cognitive decline, although much more work is needed before it can be applied to humans.

Researchers at UCSF have found a protein, FTL1, that may speed up brain ageing and memory loss. Blocking it in mice restored youthful brain activity. Could this lead to future dementia treatments? Know more below.

Scientists discover protein that may help reverse brain ageing

Without gravity, humans and every other life on Earth would gradually die. Mammoth structures like mountains will also crash, crumble and float in the air. Oceans will dissipate into space, and Earth will become a barren land

Without gravity, humans and every other life on Earth would gradually die. Mammoth structures like mountains will also crash, crumble and float in the air. Oceans will dissipate into space, and Earth will become a barren land

Zero-G apocalypse - What would happen is gravity vanished suddenly?

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Scientists claim the 3I/ATLAS is travelling from THIS point in space

600km solid core inside Mars stuns scientists - It should not exist