Published: Sep 18, 2026, 10:05 IST | Updated: Sep 18, 2026, 10:05 IST
India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has transformed digital payments, but sustaining a large-scale, low-cost payment ecosystem comes with its own challenges. The debate around UPI’s Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) focuses on who should bear the cost of processing transactions and how payment networks, banks, fintech firms and merchants can maintain a viable digital payments system.