The Nobel Peace Prize 2021 is being awarded to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov for safeguarding freedom of expression, ‘which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace’.<o:p></o:p>

Maria Ressa is a Filipino-American journalist, an author and the co-founder and CEO of Rappler. Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov is a Russian journalist who is known as the Editor-in-Chief of the a Russian newspaper, Novaya Gazeta.

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The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPrize</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPeacePrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPeacePrize</a> <a href="https://t.co/KHeGG9YOTT">pic.twitter.com/KHeGG9YOTT</a>
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"Ms Ressa and Mr Muratov are receiving the Peace Prize for their courageous fight for freedom of expression in the Philippines and Russia. At the same time, they are representatives of all journalists who stand up for this ideal in a world in which democracy and freedom of the press face increasingly adverse conditions," the committee said in a statement.

Last year, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to&nbsp;World Food Programme for its efforts on&nbsp;fighting hunger and food insecurity around the world.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-scientists-david-julius-ardem-patapoutian-win-nobel-prize-in-medicine-for-research-about-temperature-and-touch-418138">US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch</a>

Ressa has been awarded this prestigious award for her work throughout the years in exposing abuse of power, authoritarianism and misuse of violence in her home country,&nbsp;the Philippines. She also heads Rappler, which was founded in 2021 as one of the main and biggest investigative journalism company in the country.

"As a journalist and the Rappler’s CEO, Ressa has shown herself to be a fearless defender of freedom of expression," the committee said. "Rappler has focused critical attention on the Duterte regime’s controversial, murderous anti-drug campaign. The number of deaths is so high that the campaign resembles a war waged against the country’s own population. Ms Ressa and Rappler have also documented how social media is being used to spread fake news, harass opponents and manipulate public discourse."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-tanzanian-writer-abdulrazak-gurnah-conferred-nobel-prize-for-literature-2021-418900">Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah conferred Nobel Prize for Literature 2021</a>

Meanwhile,&nbsp;Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for fighting for freedom of rights and standing up as the voice of criticism and opposition in Russia, even&nbsp;under "increasingly challenging conditions".

"Novaja Gazeta is the most independent newspaper in Russia today, with a fundamentally critical attitude towards power. The newspaper’s fact-based journalism and professional integrity have made it an important source of information on censurable aspects of Russian society rarely mentioned by other media," the committee said. "Since its start-up in 1993, Novaja Gazeta has published critical articles on subjects ranging from corruption, police violence, unlawful arrests, electoral fraud and ”troll factories” to the use of Russian military forces both within and outside Russia."

The committee also highlighted how the Russian journalist has carried on serving his duties even as him, his colleagues and his company was repeatedly attacked, harassed, threatened and even killed. "Despite the killings and threats, editor-in-chief Muratov has refused to abandon the newspaper’s independent policy. He has consistently defended the right of journalists to write anything they want about whatever they want, as long as they comply with the professional and ethical standards of journalism."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/syukuro-manabe-klaus-hasselmann-and-giorgio-parisi-win-2021-nobel-prize-in-physics-418351">Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi win 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics</a>

These two journalists have been awarded Nobel Peace Prize for being a strong supporter of fact-based and independent journalism. The two winners have managed to stand strong against all criticism and dangers throughout the years to help people exercise their rights to freedom, and motivate a more diverse and correct idea of democracy.

"The award of the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov is intended to underscore the importance of protecting and defending these fundamental rights," the committee added.

Kremlin has also congratulated the 'courageous' Nobel Prize winner Muratov.&nbsp;We can congratulate Dmitry Muratov, he persistently works in accordance with his own ideals, he is devoted to them, he is talented, he is brave. Of course, it's a high grade and we congratulate him," Kremlin spokesperson, Dmitry Peskov said.

Muratov dedicated his award to the six journalists who have lost their lives while doing their work for the betterment of the society.&nbsp;"I can't take credit for this. This is Novaya Gazeta's. It is that of those who died defending the right of people to freedom of speech," Muratov was cited by Russian news agency TASS as saying.

<o:p></o:p>

The Nobel Peace Prize 2021 is being awarded to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov for safeguarding freedom of expression, ‘which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace’.

The Nobel Peace Prize 2021 is being awarded to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov for safeguarding freedom of expression, ‘which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace’. Maria Ressa is a Filipino-American journalist, an author and the co-founder and CEO of Rappler. Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov is a Russian journalist who is known as the Editor-in-Chief of the a Russian newspaper, Novaya Gazeta. BREAKING NEWS: The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.#NobelPrize #NobelPeacePrize pic.twitter.com/KHeGG9YOTT — The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) October 8, 2021 × "Ms Ressa and Mr Muratov are receiving the Peace Prize for their courageous fight for freedom of expression in the Philippines and Russia. At the same time, they are representatives of all journalists who stand up for this ideal in a world in which democracy and freedom of the press face increasingly adverse conditions," the committee said in a statement. Last year, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to World Food Programme for its efforts on fighting hunger and food insecurity around the world. Also read | US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch Ressa has been awarded this prestigious award for her work throughout the years in exposing abuse of power, authoritarianism and misuse of violence in her home country, the Philippines. She also heads Rappler, which was founded in 2021 as one of the main and biggest investigative journalism company in the country. "As a journalist and the Rappler’s CEO, Ressa has shown herself to be a fearless defender of freedom of expression," the committee said. "Rappler has focused critical attention on the Duterte regime’s controversial, murderous anti-drug campaign. The number of deaths is so high that the campaign resembles a war waged against the country’s own population. Ms Ressa and Rappler have also documented how social media is being used to spread fake news, harass opponents and manipulate public discourse." Also read | Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah conferred Nobel Prize for Literature 2021 Meanwhile, Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for fighting for freedom of rights and standing up as the voice of criticism and opposition in Russia, even under "increasingly challenging conditions". "Novaja Gazeta is the most independent newspaper in Russia today, with a fundamentally critical attitude towards power. The newspaper’s fact-based journalism and professional integrity have made it an important source of information on censurable aspects of Russian society rarely mentioned by other media," the committee said. "Since its start-up in 1993, Novaja Gazeta has published critical articles on subjects ranging from corruption, police violence, unlawful arrests, electoral fraud and ”troll factories” to the use of Russian military forces both within and outside Russia." The committee also highlighted how the Russian journalist has carried on serving his duties even as him, his colleagues and his company was repeatedly attacked, harassed, threatened and even killed. "Despite the killings and threats, editor-in-chief Muratov has refused to abandon the newspaper’s independent policy. He has consistently defended the right of journalists to write anything they want about whatever they want, as long as they comply with the professional and ethical standards of journalism." Also read | Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi win 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics These two journalists have been awarded Nobel Peace Prize for being a strong supporter of fact-based and independent journalism. The two winners have managed to stand strong against all criticism and dangers throughout the years to help people exercise their rights to freedom, and motivate a more diverse and correct idea of democracy. "The award of the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov is intended to underscore the importance of protecting and defending these fundamental rights," the committee added. Kremlin has also congratulated the 'courageous' Nobel Prize winner Muratov. We can congratulate Dmitry Muratov, he persistently works in accordance with his own ideals, he is devoted to them, he is talented, he is brave. Of course, it's a high grade and we congratulate him," Kremlin spokesperson, Dmitry Peskov said. Muratov dedicated his award to the six journalists who have lost their lives while doing their work for the betterment of the society. "I can't take credit for this. This is Novaya Gazeta's. It is that of those who died defending the right of people to freedom of speech," Muratov was cited by Russian news agency TASS as saying.

Nobel Peace Prize awarded to journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov

Born in Tanzania and based in UK, author Abdulrazak Gurnah was conferred the Nobel Prize in Literature for 2021 on Thursday. His writings mainly deal with the physical and mental disruptions faced by refugees.&nbsp; 
 
Announcing the award - the first to a non-European writer since Japan-born Kazuo Ishiguro in 2017 - the Swedish Academy cited his "uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents". 
 
Born in 1948 in Zanzibar, Gurnah reached the UK as a refugee at the end of the 1960s. After his PhD in 1982, he began his academic career with teaching at a Nigerian university and is currently a Professor and Director of Graduate studies at the UK`s University of Kent.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-scientists-david-julius-ardem-patapoutian-win-nobel-prize-in-medicine-for-research-about-temperature-and-touch-418138">US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch</a> 
 
His focus is on postcolonial writing and in colonial discourse, especially&nbsp;on Africa, the Caribbean and India.

Beginning with 'Memory of Departure' (1987), his 10 novels include the Booker and Whitbread-nominated 'Paradise' (1994), with the most recent being 'Afterlives' (2020). 
 
He has also a collection of short-stories titled 'My Mother Lived on a Farm in Africa' (2006) to his credit. 
 
The prize is awarded by the Swedish Academy and is worth 10 million Swedish crowns ($1.14 million). 
 
The prizes, for achievements in science, literature and peace, were created through a bequest in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and wealthy businessman Alfred Nobel. They have been awarded since 1901, with the final prize in the line-up - economics - a later addition.

Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/syukuro-manabe-klaus-hasselmann-and-giorgio-parisi-win-2021-nobel-prize-in-physics-418351">Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi win 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics</a> 
 
Past literature winners have primarily been novelists such as Ernest Hemingway, Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Toni Morrison, poets such as Pablo Neruda, Joseph Brodsky and Rabindranath Tagore, or playwrights such as Harold Pinter and Eugene O`Neill.

Born in Tanzania and based in UK, author Abdulrazak Gurnah was conferred the Nobel Prize in Literature for 2021 on Thursday. His writings mainly deal with the physical and mental disruptions faced by refugees.

Born in Tanzania and based in UK, author Abdulrazak Gurnah was conferred the Nobel Prize in Literature for 2021 on Thursday. His writings mainly deal with the physical and mental disruptions faced by refugees. Announcing the award - the first to a non-European writer since Japan-born Kazuo Ishiguro in 2017 - the Swedish Academy cited his "uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents". Born in 1948 in Zanzibar, Gurnah reached the UK as a refugee at the end of the 1960s. After his PhD in 1982, he began his academic career with teaching at a Nigerian university and is currently a Professor and Director of Graduate studies at the UK`s University of Kent. Also read: US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch His focus is on postcolonial writing and in colonial discourse, especially on Africa, the Caribbean and India. Beginning with 'Memory of Departure' (1987), his 10 novels include the Booker and Whitbread-nominated 'Paradise' (1994), with the most recent being 'Afterlives' (2020). He has also a collection of short-stories titled 'My Mother Lived on a Farm in Africa' (2006) to his credit. The prize is awarded by the Swedish Academy and is worth 10 million Swedish crowns ($1.14 million). The prizes, for achievements in science, literature and peace, were created through a bequest in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and wealthy businessman Alfred Nobel. They have been awarded since 1901, with the final prize in the line-up - economics - a later addition. Read: Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi win 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics Past literature winners have primarily been novelists such as Ernest Hemingway, Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Toni Morrison, poets such as Pablo Neruda, Joseph Brodsky and Rabindranath Tagore, or playwrights such as Harold Pinter and Eugene O`Neill.

Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah conferred Nobel Prize for Literature 2021

The Nobel Prize for Chemistry has been awarded to Benjamin List and David WC MacMillan this year “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis”.

They have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for their development of a precise new tool for molecular construction: organocatalysis. This has had a great impact on pharmaceutical research, and has made chemistry greener," the Nobel Committee said.

The duo, both of whom are 53-year-old scientists, will be equally splitting the cash prize of $1.1 million, 10-million-kronor).

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-scientists-david-julius-ardem-patapoutian-win-nobel-prize-in-medicine-for-research-about-temperature-and-touch-418138">US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch</a>

This duo has been awarded as they managed to develop a precise new tool for molecular constructions.

"Many research areas and industries are dependent on chemists' ability to construct molecules that can form elastic and durable materials, store energy in batteries or inhibit the progression of disease," the Nobel Committee at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in a statement. "This work requires catalysts, which are substances that control and accelerate chemical reactions, without becoming part of the final product."

Before their research, scientists around the world believed that there were only two types of catalysts, and this duo has managed to bring a new path of discovery in the scientific world.

David WC MacMillan is a professor at the prestigious Princeton University in the US and Benjamin List is a director at the Max Planck Institute in Germany.&nbsp;

In 2020, Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to France’s Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer Doudna for developing a gene-editing technique.

Nobel Prizes for Literature and Peace are expected to be announced on October 11.

A few days ago, American scientists&nbsp;David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were awarded&nbsp;Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of temperature and touch receptors."

The Nobel Prize for Chemistry has been awarded to Benjamin List and David WC MacMillan this year “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis”. They have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for their development of a precise new tool for molecular construction: organocatalysis.

The Nobel Prize for Chemistry has been awarded to Benjamin List and David WC MacMillan this year “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis”. They have been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for their development of a precise new tool for molecular construction: organocatalysis. This has had a great impact on pharmaceutical research, and has made chemistry greener," the Nobel Committee said. The duo, both of whom are 53-year-old scientists, will be equally splitting the cash prize of $1.1 million, 10-million-kronor). Also read | US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch This duo has been awarded as they managed to develop a precise new tool for molecular constructions. "Many research areas and industries are dependent on chemists' ability to construct molecules that can form elastic and durable materials, store energy in batteries or inhibit the progression of disease," the Nobel Committee at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in a statement. "This work requires catalysts, which are substances that control and accelerate chemical reactions, without becoming part of the final product." Before their research, scientists around the world believed that there were only two types of catalysts, and this duo has managed to bring a new path of discovery in the scientific world. David WC MacMillan is a professor at the prestigious Princeton University in the US and Benjamin List is a director at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. In 2020, Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to France’s Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer Doudna for developing a gene-editing technique. Nobel Prizes for Literature and Peace are expected to be announced on October 11. A few days ago, American scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of temperature and touch receptors."

Nobel Prize for Chemistry awarded to Benjamin List and David WC MacMillan

Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi have been awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize for Physics, "for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems," announced the award-giving organisation on Tuesday. Watch this report for more details.

Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, Giorgio Parisi win 2021 Nobel Prize for Physics

US scientists&nbsp;David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of temperature and touch receptors."

Their research reveals new ways to manage chronic and acute pain caused by a variety of illnesses, injuries, and therapies.&nbsp;

"Our ability to sense heat, cold and touch is essential for survival and underpins our interaction with the world around us.David Julius utilised capsaicin, a pungent compound from chilli peppers that induces a burning sensation, to identify a sensor in the nerve endings of the skin that responds to heat. Ardem Patapoutian used pressure-sensitive cells to discover a novel class of sensors that respond to mechanical stimuli in the skin and internal organs, " the Nobel Assembly said in a statement announcing the prize.

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<h5>The 10 million kronor ($1.1 million) prize will be split between David Julius, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, and Ardem Patapoutian, a molecular biologist and neuroscientist at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California.</h5>
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The seminal discoveries by this year’s <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPrize</a> laureates in physiology or medicine have explained how heat, cold and touch can initiate signals in our nervous system. The identified ion channels are important for many physiological processes and disease conditions. <a href="https://t.co/TxMTwSDHas">pic.twitter.com/TxMTwSDHas</a>
— The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) <a href="https://twitter.com/NobelPrize/status/1444959297608331267?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 4, 2021</a></blockquote>
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The two produced groundbreaking findings that sparked a flurry of studies, resulting in a fast improvement in our knowledge of how our nerve systems perceive heat, cold, and mechanical stimuli. 
 
Watch:&nbsp;

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The laureates discovered crucial gaps in our knowledge of the complicated interplay between our senses and our surroundings.&nbsp; 
 
Last year's Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to three scientists who identified the liver-wreaking hepatitis C virus, a finding that led to treatments and tests to prevent the illness from spreading through blood banks.&nbsp;

Week of the Nobel Prize:

In a week of Nobel Prizes, medicine is always first.The physics prize is typically awarded on Tuesday, while the chemistry prize is awarded on Wednesday.

The Nobel Prizes for Literature and Peace will be announced later this week, followed by the Nobel Prizes for Economic Sciences.

(With inputs from agencies)

US scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of temperature and touch receptors.

US scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of temperature and touch receptors." Their research reveals new ways to manage chronic and acute pain caused by a variety of illnesses, injuries, and therapies. "Our ability to sense heat, cold and touch is essential for survival and underpins our interaction with the world around us.David Julius utilised capsaicin, a pungent compound from chilli peppers that induces a burning sensation, to identify a sensor in the nerve endings of the skin that responds to heat. Ardem Patapoutian used pressure-sensitive cells to discover a novel class of sensors that respond to mechanical stimuli in the skin and internal organs, " the Nobel Assembly said in a statement announcing the prize. The 10 million kronor ($1.1 million) prize will be split between David Julius, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, and Ardem Patapoutian, a molecular biologist and neuroscientist at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. × The seminal discoveries by this year’s #NobelPrize laureates in physiology or medicine have explained how heat, cold and touch can initiate signals in our nervous system. The identified ion channels are important for many physiological processes and disease conditions. pic.twitter.com/TxMTwSDHas — The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) October 4, 2021 × The two produced groundbreaking findings that sparked a flurry of studies, resulting in a fast improvement in our knowledge of how our nerve systems perceive heat, cold, and mechanical stimuli. Watch: The laureates discovered crucial gaps in our knowledge of the complicated interplay between our senses and our surroundings. Last year's Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to three scientists who identified the liver-wreaking hepatitis C virus, a finding that led to treatments and tests to prevent the illness from spreading through blood banks. Week of the Nobel Prize: In a week of Nobel Prizes, medicine is always first.The physics prize is typically awarded on Tuesday, while the chemistry prize is awarded on Wednesday. The Nobel Prizes for Literature and Peace will be announced later this week, followed by the Nobel Prizes for Economic Sciences. (With inputs from agencies)

US scientists David Julius, Ardem Patapoutian win Nobel prize in medicine for research about temperature and touch

Covid-19 vaccine pioneers, media watchdogs, climate activists and Belarus opposition leaders are just some of those tipped for Nobel glory when the latest prize recipients are announced from Monday against the background of the pandemic.

Launched 120 years ago, the medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace awards created by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel, as well as the more recent economics prize, will be given out in Stockholm and Oslo from October 4-11.

While the list of contenders is a closely guarded secret, Nobel experts say research on messenger RNA (mRNA), which forms the basis of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines, is a hot favourite for the medicine or chemistry prizes.

"It would be a mistake if the Nobel Committee did not give the prize to mRNA vaccine technology," Swedish science journalist Ulrika Bjorksten told AFP.

She cited as possible laureates Katalin Kariko of Hungary and Drew Weissman of the United States, whose pioneering research led directly to the first mRNA vaccines.

These have been injected in over a billion people worldwide in a race to ease a pandemic that has claimed the lives of more than 4.7 million people.

Kariko and Weissman have already received several accolades, including the Lasker Prize in the US, often seen as a precursor to the Nobel.

Other fields that could be honoured include cell communication, the workings of the immune system, the discovery of the breast cancer gene, epigenetics and antibiotic resistance.

The medicine prize opens the Nobel season on Monday, followed by the awards for physics on Tuesday, chemistry on Wednesday, literature on Thursday and peace on Friday.&nbsp;

The economics prize wraps up the Nobel season on October 11.

Peace prize for the climate?

Among those generating buzz for the peace prize -- the only one to be given in Oslo -- are media watchdogs, Belarusian opposition leaders and climate campaigners, such as Swedish activist Greta Thunberg.

The image of the prestigious award has been hit hard over the past years as one of its previous laureates, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, became embroiled in a war.

Another, Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi, was accused of defending the massacre of members of the Rohingya minority.

Last year, the World Food Programme won.

There is speculation that climate activists are next in line as the world experiences a torrent of deadly weather disasters, from asphalt-melting heatwaves to flash floods and untameable wildfires.

"It is the most important issue at the moment," said Nobel historian Asle Sveen.

Other experts believe the time may be right for organisations fighting for freedom of information and the rights of journalists, such as Reporters Without Borders or the Committee to Protect Journalists.

Non-violent opposition of Belarus's autocratic regime, spearheaded by Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, is also seen as a worthy winner.

Although earlier deemed favourites, the World Health Organization and the Covax vaccine-sharing scheme have been hampered by the slow distribution of jabs to poor countries.

'Discover a genius'

For the literature prize, to be announced on Thursday, punters suggested the Swedish Academy may look further afield after honouring several European and North American laureates.

"I do believe they really want to discover a genius from a previously neglected area," said Jonas Thente, literary critic at Swedish daily Dagens Nyheter.

He suggested "someone with a primary interest in cross-cultural experiences", such as 44-year-old Nigeria-born Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.

"She is probably too young, but she would fit the profile."

Some names have been bandied about in Stockholm's literary circles for years,&nbsp;Hungary's Peter Nadas, Canada's Margaret Atwood, Syrian poet Adonis and Somali author Nuruddin Farah.

Some newer names to emerge include India's Vikram Seth, China's Liao Yiwu and Mozambican writer Mia Couto.&nbsp;

Last year, the honour went to American poet Louise Gluck.

While the names of the Nobel laureates are kept secret until the last minute, the Nobel Foundation has already announced that the glittering prize ceremony and banquet held in Stockholm in December for the science and literature laureates will not happen this year due to the pandemic.

Like last year, laureates will receive their awards in their home countries.

A decision has yet to be made about the peace prize ceremony held in Oslo.

This year's winners take home 10 million Swedish kronor (just under one million euros, $1.13 million), to be shared if more than one person is honoured in a discipline.

Covid-19 vaccine pioneers, media watchdogs, climate activists and Belarus opposition leaders are just some of those tipped for Nobel glory when the latest prize recipients are announced from Monday against the background of the pandemic.

Covid-19 vaccine pioneers, media watchdogs, climate activists and Belarus opposition leaders are just some of those tipped for Nobel glory when the latest prize recipients are announced from Monday against the background of the pandemic. Launched 120 years ago, the medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace awards created by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel, as well as the more recent economics prize, will be given out in Stockholm and Oslo from October 4-11. While the list of contenders is a closely guarded secret, Nobel experts say research on messenger RNA (mRNA), which forms the basis of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines, is a hot favourite for the medicine or chemistry prizes. "It would be a mistake if the Nobel Committee did not give the prize to mRNA vaccine technology," Swedish science journalist Ulrika Bjorksten told AFP. She cited as possible laureates Katalin Kariko of Hungary and Drew Weissman of the United States, whose pioneering research led directly to the first mRNA vaccines. These have been injected in over a billion people worldwide in a race to ease a pandemic that has claimed the lives of more than 4.7 million people. Kariko and Weissman have already received several accolades, including the Lasker Prize in the US, often seen as a precursor to the Nobel. Other fields that could be honoured include cell communication, the workings of the immune system, the discovery of the breast cancer gene, epigenetics and antibiotic resistance. The medicine prize opens the Nobel season on Monday, followed by the awards for physics on Tuesday, chemistry on Wednesday, literature on Thursday and peace on Friday. The economics prize wraps up the Nobel season on October 11. Peace prize for the climate? Among those generating buzz for the peace prize -- the only one to be given in Oslo -- are media watchdogs, Belarusian opposition leaders and climate campaigners, such as Swedish activist Greta Thunberg. The image of the prestigious award has been hit hard over the past years as one of its previous laureates, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, became embroiled in a war. Another, Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi, was accused of defending the massacre of members of the Rohingya minority. Last year, the World Food Programme won. There is speculation that climate activists are next in line as the world experiences a torrent of deadly weather disasters, from asphalt-melting heatwaves to flash floods and untameable wildfires. "It is the most important issue at the moment," said Nobel historian Asle Sveen. Other experts believe the time may be right for organisations fighting for freedom of information and the rights of journalists, such as Reporters Without Borders or the Committee to Protect Journalists. Non-violent opposition of Belarus's autocratic regime, spearheaded by Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, is also seen as a worthy winner. Although earlier deemed favourites, the World Health Organization and the Covax vaccine-sharing scheme have been hampered by the slow distribution of jabs to poor countries. 'Discover a genius' For the literature prize, to be announced on Thursday, punters suggested the Swedish Academy may look further afield after honouring several European and North American laureates. "I do believe they really want to discover a genius from a previously neglected area," said Jonas Thente, literary critic at Swedish daily Dagens Nyheter. He suggested "someone with a primary interest in cross-cultural experiences", such as 44-year-old Nigeria-born Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. "She is probably too young, but she would fit the profile." Some names have been bandied about in Stockholm's literary circles for years, Hungary's Peter Nadas, Canada's Margaret Atwood, Syrian poet Adonis and Somali author Nuruddin Farah. Some newer names to emerge include India's Vikram Seth, China's Liao Yiwu and Mozambican writer Mia Couto. Last year, the honour went to American poet Louise Gluck. While the names of the Nobel laureates are kept secret until the last minute, the Nobel Foundation has already announced that the glittering prize ceremony and banquet held in Stockholm in December for the science and literature laureates will not happen this year due to the pandemic. Like last year, laureates will receive their awards in their home countries. A decision has yet to be made about the peace prize ceremony held in Oslo. This year's winners take home 10 million Swedish kronor (just under one million euros, $1.13 million), to be shared if more than one person is honoured in a discipline.

Nobel prize season returns under pandemic spotlight

Japanese chemist Ei-ichi Negishi who won the Nobel prize for developing a method for creating complex chemicals necessary for manufacturing drugs and electronics has died aged 85, his US university said.

Negishi died on Sunday in Indianapolis, Purdue University said in a statement on Friday, adding his family would lay him to rest in Japan sometime next year.

The Manchuria-born scientist graduated from the prestigious University of Tokyo and worked at Japanese chemical giant Teijin before going to the United States on a Fulbright scholarship in 1960 to study chemistry. He joined the Purdue faculty in 1979.

In 2010, he won the Nobel Prize for chemistry along with Richard Heck of the University&nbsp;of Delaware and Akira Suzuki of Hokkaido University.

Through the trio's work, organic chemistry has developed into "an art form, where scientists produce marvelous chemical creations in their test tubes," the award citation said.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/hong-kong-democracy-activist-agnes-chow-released-from-prison-390942">Also Read |&nbsp;Hong Kong democracy activist Agnes Chow released from prison</a>

Heck laid the groundwork for bonding carbon atoms by using a catalyzer to promote the process in the 1960s.

Negishi fine-tuned it in 1977 and it was taken a step further by Suzuki, who found a practical way to carry out the process.

Negishi likened their work to playing with Lego building blocks.

"We found catalysts and created reactions that allow complex organic compounds to, in effect, snap together with other compounds to more economically and efficiently build desired materials," he was quoted as saying in the university statement.

"Legos can be combined to make things&nbsp;of any shape, size, and color, and our reactions make this a possibility for organic compounds."

According to Purdue, their work is widely used, from fluorescent marking essential for DNA sequencing to agricultural chemicals&nbsp;that protect crops from fungi to&nbsp;materials for thin LED displays.

"The world lost a great and gracious man -— one who made a difference in lives as a scientist and a human being," Purdue President Mitch Daniels said.

"We're saddened by Dr. Negishi's passing but grateful for his world-changing discoveries and the lives he touched and influenced as a Purdue professor."

Japanese chemist Ei-ichi Negishi who won the Nobel prize for developing a method for creating complex chemicals necessary for manufacturing drugs and electronics has died aged 85, his US university said.

Japanese chemist Ei-ichi Negishi who won the Nobel prize for developing a method for creating complex chemicals necessary for manufacturing drugs and electronics has died aged 85, his US university said. Negishi died on Sunday in Indianapolis, Purdue University said in a statement on Friday, adding his family would lay him to rest in Japan sometime next year. The Manchuria-born scientist graduated from the prestigious University of Tokyo and worked at Japanese chemical giant Teijin before going to the United States on a Fulbright scholarship in 1960 to study chemistry. He joined the Purdue faculty in 1979. In 2010, he won the Nobel Prize for chemistry along with Richard Heck of the University of Delaware and Akira Suzuki of Hokkaido University. Through the trio's work, organic chemistry has developed into "an art form, where scientists produce marvelous chemical creations in their test tubes," the award citation said. Also Read | Hong Kong democracy activist Agnes Chow released from prison Heck laid the groundwork for bonding carbon atoms by using a catalyzer to promote the process in the 1960s. Negishi fine-tuned it in 1977 and it was taken a step further by Suzuki, who found a practical way to carry out the process. Negishi likened their work to playing with Lego building blocks. "We found catalysts and created reactions that allow complex organic compounds to, in effect, snap together with other compounds to more economically and efficiently build desired materials," he was quoted as saying in the university statement. "Legos can be combined to make things of any shape, size, and color, and our reactions make this a possibility for organic compounds." According to Purdue, their work is widely used, from fluorescent marking essential for DNA sequencing to agricultural chemicals that protect crops from fungi to materials for thin LED displays. "The world lost a great and gracious man -— one who made a difference in lives as a scientist and a human being," Purdue President Mitch Daniels said. "We're saddened by Dr. Negishi's passing but grateful for his world-changing discoveries and the lives he touched and influenced as a Purdue professor."

Nobel-winning Japanese chemist, Ei-ichi Negishi, dies at 85

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world and brought everyone to heel, conspiracy theories have taken over the virtual space. Almost every object now deemed mandatory in safe human existence was subjected to the conspiracy treatment - from the virus itself to the tools used to prevent it.

Many believed masks harboured harmful waves and were instead spreading the virus. Of course, none of these are scientifically correct. Masks are a great way to protect oneself against the virus, and vaccines do save lives!

During the pandemic rush hour, many have seemed to forget the larger foe lurking in the shadows - artificial intelligence. Literature dating back to decades predicted the world would slip into a technology coma of sorts, whereby everything we own and do will be dictated by the tech available to us.&nbsp;

Although that it certainly true to some extent, technology has played a tremendous role in making our lives easier in all spheres of life from travel to knowledge accumulation.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/science/first-ship-controlled-by-artificial-intelligence-prepares-for-maiden-voyage-381721" hreflang="en">First ship controlled by artificial intelligence prepares for maiden voyage</a>

But artificial intelligence has one benefit humans don’t - it is artificial! While humans are marred by limits due to our physicality, AI can relentlessly work. It can continue to create, assess, observe, and implement without needing rest.&nbsp;

AI will soon become capable of outworking humans. This will trigger a series of changes for our general ways of life. Many fields will become entirely dependent on artificial intelligence. And even though AI may not be outsmarting us any time soon, a Nobel Prize winning scientist Daniel Kahneman recently told The Guardian how AI will outwit us in all spheres imaginable.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/technology/researchers-develop-artificial-intelligence-that-can-detect-sarcasm-in-social-media-384519" hreflang="en">Researchers develop artificial intelligence that can detect sarcasm in social media</a>

Referring to the power-play which will naturally ensure once artificial intelligence crosses a certain threshold of development, Kahneman said that “Clearly, AI is going to win… It’s not even close”. In fact, he wondered how people would adjust to this and called it a “fascinating problem”.

He cited the COVID-19 pandemic to explain how the human mind is incapable of dealing with problems that develop exponentially.&nbsp; Kahneman said that humans are experienced in “a more or less linear world”. When things explode unreasonably, like the Covid surges reported globally, “we’re not equipped for it”. He also said that it “takes a long time to educate intuition”.&nbsp;

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world and brought everyone to heel, conspiracy theories have taken over the virtual space. Almost every object now deemed mandatory in safe human existence was subjected to the conspiracy treatment - from the virus itself to the tools used to prevent it.

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world and brought everyone to heel, conspiracy theories have taken over the virtual space. Almost every object now deemed mandatory in safe human existence was subjected to the conspiracy treatment - from the virus itself to the tools used to prevent it. Many believed masks harboured harmful waves and were instead spreading the virus. Of course, none of these are scientifically correct. Masks are a great way to protect oneself against the virus, and vaccines do save lives! During the pandemic rush hour, many have seemed to forget the larger foe lurking in the shadows - artificial intelligence. Literature dating back to decades predicted the world would slip into a technology coma of sorts, whereby everything we own and do will be dictated by the tech available to us. Although that it certainly true to some extent, technology has played a tremendous role in making our lives easier in all spheres of life from travel to knowledge accumulation. Also read: First ship controlled by artificial intelligence prepares for maiden voyage But artificial intelligence has one benefit humans don’t - it is artificial! While humans are marred by limits due to our physicality, AI can relentlessly work. It can continue to create, assess, observe, and implement without needing rest. AI will soon become capable of outworking humans. This will trigger a series of changes for our general ways of life. Many fields will become entirely dependent on artificial intelligence. And even though AI may not be outsmarting us any time soon, a Nobel Prize winning scientist Daniel Kahneman recently told The Guardian how AI will outwit us in all spheres imaginable. Also read: Researchers develop artificial intelligence that can detect sarcasm in social media Referring to the power-play which will naturally ensure once artificial intelligence crosses a certain threshold of development, Kahneman said that “Clearly, AI is going to win… It’s not even close”. In fact, he wondered how people would adjust to this and called it a “fascinating problem”. He cited the COVID-19 pandemic to explain how the human mind is incapable of dealing with problems that develop exponentially. Kahneman said that humans are experienced in “a more or less linear world”. When things explode unreasonably, like the Covid surges reported globally, “we’re not equipped for it”. He also said that it “takes a long time to educate intuition”.

Humans don't stand a chance against artificial intelligence. A Nobel-winning scientist explains why

The civil disobedience movement that is continuing to put pressure on the Myanmar junta to give up power has been nominated for the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize, a Norwegian academic said on Friday.&nbsp;

Calling it an important "mass mobilisation for democracy", Kristian Stokke, professor of sociology at the University of Oslo told news agency AFP that if the movement turns out to be successful, it would "inspire other non-violent pro-democracy" causes elsewhere.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/myanmar-coup-uk-sanctions-military-owned-myanmar-conglomerate-373219/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

"The civil disobedience movement is an important mass mobilisation for democracy in Myanmar that is taking place, so far, with non-violent means," the professor said.&nbsp;

"This pro-democracy movement, especially if successful, can also have consequences outside Myanmar and inspire other non-violent pro-democracy movements elsewhere at a time when democracy is under pressure from authoritarian forces."&nbsp; 
&nbsp; 
As many as 320 people have been killed and about 3,000 detained since the coup ousted the democratically-elected government in Myanmar, according to the Assistance Association of Political Prisoners (AAPP).&nbsp;

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/myanmar-activists-call-for-anti-coup-protest-as-junta-marks-armed-forces-day-373467">Myanmar activists call for anti-coup protest as junta marks Armed Forces Day</a>

"What is important and gives a glimmer of hope is that what started as a response to a military coup has become a broader alliance across the many differences, especially ethnic ones, within Burmese society," Stokke added.&nbsp;

The Nobel committee only considers January 31 deadline for this year's awards and so the nomination by Stokke will be taken next year.&nbsp;

The civil disobedience movement that is continuing to put pressure on the Myanmar junta to give up power has been nominated for the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize, a Norwegian academic said on Friday.

The civil disobedience movement that is continuing to put pressure on the Myanmar junta to give up power has been nominated for the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize, a Norwegian academic said on Friday. Calling it an important "mass mobilisation for democracy", Kristian Stokke, professor of sociology at the University of Oslo told news agency AFP that if the movement turns out to be successful, it would "inspire other non-violent pro-democracy" causes elsewhere. Watch | "The civil disobedience movement is an important mass mobilisation for democracy in Myanmar that is taking place, so far, with non-violent means," the professor said. "This pro-democracy movement, especially if successful, can also have consequences outside Myanmar and inspire other non-violent pro-democracy movements elsewhere at a time when democracy is under pressure from authoritarian forces." As many as 320 people have been killed and about 3,000 detained since the coup ousted the democratically-elected government in Myanmar, according to the Assistance Association of Political Prisoners (AAPP). Also read | Myanmar activists call for anti-coup protest as junta marks Armed Forces Day "What is important and gives a glimmer of hope is that what started as a response to a military coup has become a broader alliance across the many differences, especially ethnic ones, within Burmese society," Stokke added. The Nobel committee only considers January 31 deadline for this year's awards and so the nomination by Stokke will be taken next year.

Myanmar protesters nominated for Nobel Peace Prize

October 22 in History: From Long March to declining Nobel Prize and more

October 15 in history: From Napolean's exile to Gorbachev's Nobel Prize and more

U.S. academics Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson won the 2020 Nobel Economics on Monday for work on auctions hailed as benefiting buyers and sellers around the world of everything from fishing quotas to aircraft landing slots.

Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson win 2020 Nobel Economics Prize

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson “for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.” 
 
<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uns-world-food-progamme-wins-nobel-peace-prize-2020-333901">Also read: UN's World Food Progamme wins Nobel Peace Prize 2020</a>

The winners were announced Monday in Stockholm by Goran Hansson, secretary-general of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

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2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences | Paul Milgrom, and Robert Wilson win the coveted <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelEconomicsPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelEconomicsPrize</a> for their work on inequality, and health economics. The prestigious award comes with $1.1 million cash prize. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPrize</a> <a href="https://t.co/VC7dyncMgM">pic.twitter.com/VC7dyncMgM</a>
— WION (@WIONews) <a href="https://twitter.com/WIONews/status/1315615771247034369?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 12, 2020</a></blockquote>
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"This year’s Laureates, Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson, have studied how auctions work. They have also used their insights to design new auction formats for goods and services that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies. Their discoveries have benefitted sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world,” the academy said.&nbsp;

Technically known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, the award was established in 1969 and is now widely considered one of the Nobel prizes.

The Nobel award comes with a 10-million krona ($1.1 million) cash prize and a gold medal.

(With inputs from agencies)

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson “for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson “for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.” Also read: UN's World Food Progamme wins Nobel Peace Prize 2020 The winners were announced Monday in Stockholm by Goran Hansson, secretary-general of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences | Paul Milgrom, and Robert Wilson win the coveted #NobelEconomicsPrize for their work on inequality, and health economics. The prestigious award comes with $1.1 million cash prize. #NobelPrize pic.twitter.com/VC7dyncMgM — WION (@WIONews) October 12, 2020 × "This year’s Laureates, Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson, have studied how auctions work. They have also used their insights to design new auction formats for goods and services that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies. Their discoveries have benefitted sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world,” the academy said. Technically known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, the award was established in 1969 and is now widely considered one of the Nobel prizes. The Nobel award comes with a 10-million krona ($1.1 million) cash prize and a gold medal. (With inputs from agencies)

America's Paul R Milgrom, Robert B Wilson win Nobel Prize in economics

American economists Paul R Milgrom and Robert B Wilson have been awarded the Nobel Prize in economics on Monday for “improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.”

Since it was first awarded in 1969, Americans have dominated the economics prize, with 63 of the 86 laureates holding US citizenship, including those who have dual nationalities.

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2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences | Paul Milgrom, and Robert Wilson win the coveted <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelEconomicsPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelEconomicsPrize</a> for their work on inequality, and health economics. The prestigious award comes with $1.1 million cash prize. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPrize</a> <a href="https://t.co/VC7dyncMgM">pic.twitter.com/VC7dyncMgM</a>
— WION (@WIONews) <a href="https://twitter.com/WIONews/status/1315615771247034369?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 12, 2020</a></blockquote>
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Only two women have won this prestigious award till now.

Here is a list of the winners:

2020: Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson (US)

2019: Abhijit Banerjee (US), Esther Duflo (France-US), Michael Kremer (US)

2018: William Nordhaus (US) and Paul Romer (US)&nbsp;

2017: Richard Thaler (US)

2016: Oliver Hart (Britain-US) and Bengt Holmstrom (Finland)

2015: Angus Deaton (Britain-US)

2014: Jean Tirole (France)

2013: Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert Shiller (US)

2012: Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley (US)

2011: Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims (US)

2010: Peter Diamond and Dale Mortensen (US) and Christopher Pissarides (Cyprus-Britain)

2009: Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson (US)

2008: Paul Krugman (US)

2007: Leonid Hurwicz, Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson (US)

2006: Edmund Phelps (US)

2005: Thomas Schelling (US), Robert J. Aumann (US-Israel)

2004: Finn Kydland (Norway), Edward Prescott (US)

2003: Robert Engle (US), Clive Granger (Britain)

2002: Daniel Kahneman (Israel-US) and Vernon Smith (US)

2001: George Akerlof (US), A. Michael Spence (US), Joseph Stiglitz (US)

2000: James Heckman (US), Daniel McFadden (US)

1999: Robert Mundell (Canada)

1998: Amartya Sen (India)

1997: Robert Merton (US), Myron Scholes (US)

1996: James Mirrlees (Britain), William Vickrey (US)

1995: Robert Lucas Jr (US)

1994: John Harsanyi (US), John Nash (US), Reinhard Selten (Germany)

1993: Robert Fogel (US), Douglass North (US)

1992: Gary Becker (US)

1991: Ronald Coase (Britain)

1990: Harry Markowitz (US), Merton Miller (US), William Sharpe (US)

1989: Trygve Haavelmo (Norway)

1988: Maurice Allais (France)

1987: Robert Solow (US)

1986: James Buchanan (US)

1985: Franco Modigliani (US)

1984: Richard Stone (Britain)

1983: Gerard Debreu (US)

1982: George Stigler (US)

1981: James Tobin (US)

1980: Lawrence Klein (US)

1979: Theodore Schultz (US), Arthur Lewis (Britain)

1978: Herbert Simon (US)

1977: Bertil Ohlin (Sweden), James Meade (Britain)

1976: Milton Friedman (US)

1975: Leonid Kantorovich (Soviet Union), Tjalling Koopmans (US)

1974: Gunnar Myrdal (Sweden), Friedrich von Hayek (Britain)

1973: Vassily Leontief (US)

1972: John Hicks (Britain), Kenneth Arrow (US)

1971: Simon Kuznets (US)

1970: Paul Samuelson (US)

1969: Ragnar Frisch (Norway), Jan Tinbergen (Netherlands)

The Swedish National Bank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was first granted to its first recipients, Ragnar Frisch of Norway and Jan Tinbergen of the Netherlands, &nbsp;almost 70 years after the series of prestigious prizes that Nobel helped establish through funding set aside in his will.

(With inputs from agencies)

American economists Paul R Milgrom and Robert B Wilson have been awarded the Nobel Prize in economics on Monday for “improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.

American economists Paul R Milgrom and Robert B Wilson have been awarded the Nobel Prize in economics on Monday for “improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.” Since it was first awarded in 1969, Americans have dominated the economics prize, with 63 of the 86 laureates holding US citizenship, including those who have dual nationalities. 2020 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences | Paul Milgrom, and Robert Wilson win the coveted #NobelEconomicsPrize for their work on inequality, and health economics. The prestigious award comes with $1.1 million cash prize. #NobelPrize pic.twitter.com/VC7dyncMgM — WION (@WIONews) October 12, 2020 × Only two women have won this prestigious award till now. Here is a list of the winners: 2020: Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson (US) 2019: Abhijit Banerjee (US), Esther Duflo (France-US), Michael Kremer (US) 2018: William Nordhaus (US) and Paul Romer (US) 2017: Richard Thaler (US) 2016: Oliver Hart (Britain-US) and Bengt Holmstrom (Finland) 2015: Angus Deaton (Britain-US) 2014: Jean Tirole (France) 2013: Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert Shiller (US) 2012: Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley (US) 2011: Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims (US) 2010: Peter Diamond and Dale Mortensen (US) and Christopher Pissarides (Cyprus-Britain) 2009: Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson (US) 2008: Paul Krugman (US) 2007: Leonid Hurwicz, Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson (US) 2006: Edmund Phelps (US) 2005: Thomas Schelling (US), Robert J. Aumann (US-Israel) 2004: Finn Kydland (Norway), Edward Prescott (US) 2003: Robert Engle (US), Clive Granger (Britain) 2002: Daniel Kahneman (Israel-US) and Vernon Smith (US) 2001: George Akerlof (US), A. Michael Spence (US), Joseph Stiglitz (US) 2000: James Heckman (US), Daniel McFadden (US) 1999: Robert Mundell (Canada) 1998: Amartya Sen (India) 1997: Robert Merton (US), Myron Scholes (US) 1996: James Mirrlees (Britain), William Vickrey (US) 1995: Robert Lucas Jr (US) 1994: John Harsanyi (US), John Nash (US), Reinhard Selten (Germany) 1993: Robert Fogel (US), Douglass North (US) 1992: Gary Becker (US) 1991: Ronald Coase (Britain) 1990: Harry Markowitz (US), Merton Miller (US), William Sharpe (US) 1989: Trygve Haavelmo (Norway) 1988: Maurice Allais (France) 1987: Robert Solow (US) 1986: James Buchanan (US) 1985: Franco Modigliani (US) 1984: Richard Stone (Britain) 1983: Gerard Debreu (US) 1982: George Stigler (US) 1981: James Tobin (US) 1980: Lawrence Klein (US) 1979: Theodore Schultz (US), Arthur Lewis (Britain) 1978: Herbert Simon (US) 1977: Bertil Ohlin (Sweden), James Meade (Britain) 1976: Milton Friedman (US) 1975: Leonid Kantorovich (Soviet Union), Tjalling Koopmans (US) 1974: Gunnar Myrdal (Sweden), Friedrich von Hayek (Britain) 1973: Vassily Leontief (US) 1972: John Hicks (Britain), Kenneth Arrow (US) 1971: Simon Kuznets (US) 1970: Paul Samuelson (US) 1969: Ragnar Frisch (Norway), Jan Tinbergen (Netherlands) The Swedish National Bank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was first granted to its first recipients, Ragnar Frisch of Norway and Jan Tinbergen of the Netherlands, almost 70 years after the series of prestigious prizes that Nobel helped establish through funding set aside in his will. (With inputs from agencies)

Americans always dominate the Nobel economics prizes

The bookies are placing their bets on New Zealand's PM Jacinda Ardern for this year's Nobel Peace Prize, a report claimed.&nbsp;

A report by NZ Herald said most of the bookmakers have kept Ardern in the top three candidates with climate activist Greta Thunberg and the World Health Organization.&nbsp;

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/american-louise-gluck-wins-nobel-prize-in-literature-333470#:~:text=American%20poet%20Louise%20Gl%C3%BCck%20has,beauty%20makes%20individual%20existence%20universal.%E2%80%9D">American Louise Glück wins Nobel Prize in Literature&nbsp;</a>&nbsp; &nbsp; 
 
The New Zealand prime minister, who is nominated for her work post deadly Christchurch shootings and during coronavirus pandemic, is in a three-point lead over other two leading candidates, the report said.&nbsp;

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/emmanuelle-charpentier-jennifer-a-doudna-win-nobel-prize-in-chemistry-333141#:~:text=Emmanuelle%20Charpentier%20and%20Jennifer%20A,Prize%20in%20Chemistry%20on%20Wednesday.&amp;text=C%20virus%20discovery-,The%20Nobel%20Committee%20said%20they%20were%20given%20the%20award%20for,CRISPR%2FCas9%20genetic%20scissors.%22">Emmanuelle Charpentier &amp; Jennifer A. Doudna win Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a>

Ardern was nominated last year too, but the prestigious prize was conferred upon Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his contribution to settle the conflict with neighbouring Eritrea.

Meanwhile, various polls have shown that Ardern is poised to win the October 17 general election and getting Peace Prize would be a big election boost for the 40-year-old prime minister.&nbsp;

An opinion poll by TVNZ/Colmar Brunton has found that Ardern's centre-left Labour Party has a support of 48 per cent, well short of the record 59 per cent it received in mid-May, but enough to retain her seat with the support from other smaller parties.&nbsp;

In terms of choice as preferred PM, Ardern led the list with 54 per cent support and far more than her closest rival who had a backing of 18 per cent in the poll conducted in late July.&nbsp;

The bookies are placing their bets on New Zealand's PM Jacinda Ardern for this year's Nobel Peace Prize, a report claimed. A report by NZ Herald said most of the bookmakers have kept Ardern in the top three candidates with climate activist Greta Thunberg and the World Health Organization.

The bookies are placing their bets on New Zealand's PM Jacinda Ardern for this year's Nobel Peace Prize, a report claimed. A report by NZ Herald said most of the bookmakers have kept Ardern in the top three candidates with climate activist Greta Thunberg and the World Health Organization. Also read | American Louise Glück wins Nobel Prize in Literature The New Zealand prime minister, who is nominated for her work post deadly Christchurch shootings and during coronavirus pandemic, is in a three-point lead over other two leading candidates, the report said. Also read | Emmanuelle Charpentier & Jennifer A. Doudna win Nobel Prize in Chemistry Ardern was nominated last year too, but the prestigious prize was conferred upon Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his contribution to settle the conflict with neighbouring Eritrea. Meanwhile, various polls have shown that Ardern is poised to win the October 17 general election and getting Peace Prize would be a big election boost for the 40-year-old prime minister. An opinion poll by TVNZ/Colmar Brunton has found that Ardern's centre-left Labour Party has a support of 48 per cent, well short of the record 59 per cent it received in mid-May, but enough to retain her seat with the support from other smaller parties. In terms of choice as preferred PM, Ardern led the list with 54 per cent support and far more than her closest rival who had a backing of 18 per cent in the poll conducted in late July.

New Zealand PM Jacinda Ardern is bookies favourite to win Nobel Peace Prize

The World Food Programme(WFP)&nbsp;has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2020. The United Nations food assistance branch has been honoured for feeding millions of people.

"The need for international solidarity and multilateral cooperation is more conspicuous than ever. The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 2020 to the World Food Programme for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict," Berit Reiss-Andersen, chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, said.

The World Food Programme is the world's largest humanitarian organisation addressing hunger and promoting food security. In 2019, the WFP provided assistance to close to 100 million people in 88 countries, who are victims of acute food insecurity and hunger. The World Food Programme delivers food and assistance to conflict and disaster-torn area. It also focuses on nutrition, especially for mothers and children.

The programme is funded by voluntary donations. It has over 17,000 staff worldwide and at a time when more and more people are sleeping hungry courtesy the Wuhan virus, the Nobel Peace Prize to the World Food Programme seems just.

It also goes down the history as one of the less controversial Nobel Peace Prizes, since the word "peace" is pretty relative. This relativity has been exploited by the Nobel committee who have awarded less deserving people raising multiple eyebrows worldwide and somewhere eroded the charm of the award.

Critics say the Nobel Peace Prize is a "political tool" which is used by the West to promote its narrative. The prize is sometimes given to those with violent pasts, sometimes it was presented to those who cannot even justify the award.

Former US President Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 just nine months after taking office. The nomination of the awards had closed 12 days after he had assumed office.

The Dalai Lama in 1989 won the award for being a Tibetan exile.

The Nobel Peace Prize website reads: "The award of the Peace Prize gave the Dalai Lama the opportunity to present a plan for the restoration of peace and human rights in Tibet. In the plan, he had recommended that the country be turned into an ecologically stable and demilitarized zone that might serve as a buffer between major Asian powers."

However, 31 years on, there is still no peace in Tibet. It is not the only Peace Prize that was extremely hasty. In 1991, Aung San Suu Kyi was awarded the Nobel Prize for "her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights" back then she was a political prisoner. Today, she is the de-facto leader of Myanmar and under her at least 24,000 Rohingya Muslims have been killed in the country's Rakhine State and 700,000 others have fled Myanmar.

The biggest irony of the Nobel Peace Prize is that one of the world's strongest symbols of peace was never honoured - Mahatma Gandhi's nomination was never considered. He was nominated for the Peace Prize in 1937, 1938, 1939, 1947 and shortly before he was assassinated in 1948. However, the year he died the Norwegian Nobel Committee decided to make no award.

It said: "There was no suitable living candidate." The Nobel Committee now calls Gandhi the "missing laureate".

The World Food Programme(WFP) has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2020. The United Nations food assistance branch has been honoured for feeding millions of people.

The World Food Programme(WFP) has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2020. The United Nations food assistance branch has been honoured for feeding millions of people. "The need for international solidarity and multilateral cooperation is more conspicuous than ever. The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace Prize for 2020 to the World Food Programme for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict," Berit Reiss-Andersen, chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, said. The World Food Programme is the world's largest humanitarian organisation addressing hunger and promoting food security. In 2019, the WFP provided assistance to close to 100 million people in 88 countries, who are victims of acute food insecurity and hunger. The World Food Programme delivers food and assistance to conflict and disaster-torn area. It also focuses on nutrition, especially for mothers and children. The programme is funded by voluntary donations. It has over 17,000 staff worldwide and at a time when more and more people are sleeping hungry courtesy the Wuhan virus, the Nobel Peace Prize to the World Food Programme seems just. It also goes down the history as one of the less controversial Nobel Peace Prizes, since the word "peace" is pretty relative. This relativity has been exploited by the Nobel committee who have awarded less deserving people raising multiple eyebrows worldwide and somewhere eroded the charm of the award. Critics say the Nobel Peace Prize is a "political tool" which is used by the West to promote its narrative. The prize is sometimes given to those with violent pasts, sometimes it was presented to those who cannot even justify the award. Former US President Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 just nine months after taking office. The nomination of the awards had closed 12 days after he had assumed office. The Dalai Lama in 1989 won the award for being a Tibetan exile. The Nobel Peace Prize website reads: "The award of the Peace Prize gave the Dalai Lama the opportunity to present a plan for the restoration of peace and human rights in Tibet. In the plan, he had recommended that the country be turned into an ecologically stable and demilitarized zone that might serve as a buffer between major Asian powers." However, 31 years on, there is still no peace in Tibet. It is not the only Peace Prize that was extremely hasty. In 1991, Aung San Suu Kyi was awarded the Nobel Prize for "her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights" back then she was a political prisoner. Today, she is the de-facto leader of Myanmar and under her at least 24,000 Rohingya Muslims have been killed in the country's Rakhine State and 700,000 others have fled Myanmar. The biggest irony of the Nobel Peace Prize is that one of the world's strongest symbols of peace was never honoured - Mahatma Gandhi's nomination was never considered. He was nominated for the Peace Prize in 1937, 1938, 1939, 1947 and shortly before he was assassinated in 1948. However, the year he died the Norwegian Nobel Committee decided to make no award. It said: "There was no suitable living candidate." The Nobel Committee now calls Gandhi the "missing laureate".

Nobel Peace Prize politics and the 'missing laureate'

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on Wednesday.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-british-scientists-win-nobel-prize-in-medicine-for-hepatitis-c-virus-discovery-332626">Also Read:&nbsp;US-British scientists win Nobel Prize in medicine for Hepatitis C virus discovery</a>

The Nobel Committee said they were given the award for discovering "one of gene technology’s sharpest tools - the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors."

The Committee said researchers can "change the DNA of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high precision. This technology has had a revolutionary impact on the life sciences, is contributing to new cancer therapies and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases come true."

Charpentier had published her discovery in 2011, the Committee informed while stating that the same year, she initiated a collaboration with Jennifer Doudna, an experienced biochemist with a vast knowledge of RNA.&nbsp;

"Together, they succeeded in recreating the bacteria’s genetic scissors in a test tube and simplifying the scissors’ molecular components so they were easier to use," Nobel Committee said.

"In their natural form, the scissors recognise DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and Doudna proved that they could be controlled so that they can cut any DNA molecule at a predetermined site. Where the DNA is cut it is then easy to rewrite the code of life," the Committee informed.

Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, said, "There is enormous power in this genetic tool, which affects us all. It has not only revolutionised basic science but also resulted in innovative crops and will lead to ground-breaking new medical treatments."

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on Wednesday. Also Read: US-British scientists win Nobel Prize in medicine for Hepatitis C virus discovery The Nobel Committee said they were given the award for discovering "one of gene technology’s sharpest tools - the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors.

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on Wednesday. Also Read: US-British scientists win Nobel Prize in medicine for Hepatitis C virus discovery The Nobel Committee said they were given the award for discovering "one of gene technology’s sharpest tools - the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors." The Committee said researchers can "change the DNA of animals, plants and microorganisms with extremely high precision. This technology has had a revolutionary impact on the life sciences, is contributing to new cancer therapies and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases come true." Charpentier had published her discovery in 2011, the Committee informed while stating that the same year, she initiated a collaboration with Jennifer Doudna, an experienced biochemist with a vast knowledge of RNA. "Together, they succeeded in recreating the bacteria’s genetic scissors in a test tube and simplifying the scissors’ molecular components so they were easier to use," Nobel Committee said. "In their natural form, the scissors recognise DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and Doudna proved that they could be controlled so that they can cut any DNA molecule at a predetermined site. Where the DNA is cut it is then easy to rewrite the code of life," the Committee informed. Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, said, "There is enormous power in this genetic tool, which affects us all. It has not only revolutionised basic science but also resulted in innovative crops and will lead to ground-breaking new medical treatments."

Emmanuelle Charpentier &  Jennifer A. Doudna win Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Roger Penrose of Britain, Reinhard Genzel of Germany and Andrea Ghez of the US won the Nobel Physics Prize on Tuesday for their research into black holes.

Ghez is just the fourth woman to receive the Physics prize since 1901 when the first Nobel prizes were handed out.

The physicists were selected "for their discoveries about one of the most exotic phenomena in the universe, the black hole," the Nobel Committee said.

The term "black hole" refers to a point in space where matter is so compressed as to create a gravity field from which even light cannot escape.

Penrose was honoured for showing "that the general theory of relativity leads to the formation of black holes", while Genzel and Ghez were jointly awarded for discovering "that an invisible and extremely heavy object governs the orbits of stars at the centre of our galaxy."

Penrose used mathematical modelling to prove back in 1965 that black holes can form, becoming an entity from which nothing, not even light, may escape. His calculations proved that black holes -- super dense objects formed when a heavy star collapses under the weight of its own gravity -- are a direct consequence of Einstein's general theory of relativity.

Genzel and Ghez have led research since the early 1990s focusing on a region called Sagittarius A* at the centre of the Milky Way.&nbsp;

Using the world's largest telescopes, they discovered an extremely heavy, invisible object -- around 4 million times greater than the mass of our Sun -- that pulls on surrounding stars, giving our galaxy its characteristic swirl.

In April 2019, astronomers unveiled the first photo of a black hole.

Genzel is connected to the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, Germany and the University of California. Ghez is a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at the University of California.

The trio will share the Nobel prize sum of 10 million Swedish kronor (about $1.1 million, 950,000 euros), with half going to Penrose and the other half jointly to Genzel and Ghez.

They would normally receive their prize from King Carl XVI Gustaf at a formal ceremony in Stockholm on December 10, the anniversary of the 1896 death of scientist Alfred Nobel who created the prizes in his last will and testament.

But the in-person ceremony has been cancelled this year due to the coronavirus pandemic, replaced with a televised ceremony showing the laureates receiving their awards in their home countries.

This year's Nobels season kicked off Monday when the medicine prize was awarded to Americans Harvey Alter and Charles Rice together with Briton Michael Houghton for the discovery of the Hepatitis C virus, paving the way for a cure.

The winners of this year's Chemistry Prize will be announced on Wednesday, followed by the literature prize on Thursday.&nbsp;

The peace prize will be announced on Friday, with speculation that Swedish teenager Greta Thunberg and other climate activists or press freedom groups could get the nod for the latter.

The Economics prize will wrap up the Nobel awards season on Monday, October 12.

(with inputs)

Roger Penrose of Britain, Reinhard Genzel of Germany and Andrea Ghez of the US won the Nobel Physics Prize on Tuesday for their research into black holes. Ghez is just the fourth woman to receive the Physics prize since 1901 when the first Nobel prizes were handed out.

Roger Penrose of Britain, Reinhard Genzel of Germany and Andrea Ghez of the US won the Nobel Physics Prize on Tuesday for their research into black holes. Ghez is just the fourth woman to receive the Physics prize since 1901 when the first Nobel prizes were handed out. The physicists were selected "for their discoveries about one of the most exotic phenomena in the universe, the black hole," the Nobel Committee said. The term "black hole" refers to a point in space where matter is so compressed as to create a gravity field from which even light cannot escape. Penrose was honoured for showing "that the general theory of relativity leads to the formation of black holes", while Genzel and Ghez were jointly awarded for discovering "that an invisible and extremely heavy object governs the orbits of stars at the centre of our galaxy." Penrose used mathematical modelling to prove back in 1965 that black holes can form, becoming an entity from which nothing, not even light, may escape. His calculations proved that black holes -- super dense objects formed when a heavy star collapses under the weight of its own gravity -- are a direct consequence of Einstein's general theory of relativity. Genzel and Ghez have led research since the early 1990s focusing on a region called Sagittarius A* at the centre of the Milky Way. Using the world's largest telescopes, they discovered an extremely heavy, invisible object -- around 4 million times greater than the mass of our Sun -- that pulls on surrounding stars, giving our galaxy its characteristic swirl. In April 2019, astronomers unveiled the first photo of a black hole. Genzel is connected to the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, Germany and the University of California. Ghez is a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at the University of California. The trio will share the Nobel prize sum of 10 million Swedish kronor (about $1.1 million, 950,000 euros), with half going to Penrose and the other half jointly to Genzel and Ghez. They would normally receive their prize from King Carl XVI Gustaf at a formal ceremony in Stockholm on December 10, the anniversary of the 1896 death of scientist Alfred Nobel who created the prizes in his last will and testament. But the in-person ceremony has been cancelled this year due to the coronavirus pandemic, replaced with a televised ceremony showing the laureates receiving their awards in their home countries. This year's Nobels season kicked off Monday when the medicine prize was awarded to Americans Harvey Alter and Charles Rice together with Briton Michael Houghton for the discovery of the Hepatitis C virus, paving the way for a cure. The winners of this year's Chemistry Prize will be announced on Wednesday, followed by the literature prize on Thursday. The peace prize will be announced on Friday, with speculation that Swedish teenager Greta Thunberg and other climate activists or press freedom groups could get the nod for the latter. The Economics prize will wrap up the Nobel awards season on Monday, October 12. (with inputs)

Trio awarded Nobel Physics Prize for research into black holes

The Nobel Committee on Monday announced this year's Nobel prize for medicine jointly to&nbsp;American Harvey J. Alter, Charles M. Rice and Briton&nbsp;Michael Houghton&nbsp;“for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.”

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The 2020 <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NobelPrize?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NobelPrize</a> in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded jointly to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.” <a href="https://t.co/MDHPmbiFmS">pic.twitter.com/MDHPmbiFmS</a>
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The Committee said the "three scientists have made a decisive contribution to the fight against blood-borne hepatitis" while adding that it is a "major global health problem that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world."

"Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice made seminal discoveries that led to the identification of a novel virus, Hepatitis C virus. Prior to their work, the discovery of the Hepatitis A and B viruses had been critical steps forward, but the majority of blood-borne hepatitis cases remained unexplained," the Nobel Committee informed.

"The Nobel Laureates’ discovery of Hepatitis C virus is a landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases," it said, adding," Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health.

The Committee said that due to their discovery it allowed rapid development of anti-viral drugs directed at hepatitis C.

"For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating Hepatitis C virus from the world population," it asserted while informing that to achieve the goal international efforts facilitating blood testing and making anti-viral drugs available across the globe will be required.

The Nobel Committee on Monday announced this year's Nobel prize for medicine jointly to American Harvey J. Alter, Charles M. Rice and Briton Michael Houghton “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.

The Nobel Committee on Monday announced this year's Nobel prize for medicine jointly to American Harvey J. Alter, Charles M. Rice and Briton Michael Houghton “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.” BREAKING NEWS: The 2020 #NobelPrize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded jointly to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.” pic.twitter.com/MDHPmbiFmS — The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) October 5, 2020 × The Committee said the "three scientists have made a decisive contribution to the fight against blood-borne hepatitis" while adding that it is a "major global health problem that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world." "Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice made seminal discoveries that led to the identification of a novel virus, Hepatitis C virus. Prior to their work, the discovery of the Hepatitis A and B viruses had been critical steps forward, but the majority of blood-borne hepatitis cases remained unexplained," the Nobel Committee informed. "The Nobel Laureates’ discovery of Hepatitis C virus is a landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases," it said, adding," Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health. The Committee said that due to their discovery it allowed rapid development of anti-viral drugs directed at hepatitis C. "For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating Hepatitis C virus from the world population," it asserted while informing that to achieve the goal international efforts facilitating blood testing and making anti-viral drugs available across the globe will be required.

US-British scientists win Nobel Prize in medicine for Hepatitis C virus discovery

The Russian President Vladimir Putin has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by a Russian writer Sergey Komkov.

As many suspected Kremlin was behind this nomination, the&nbsp;Russian Presidential Spokesman Dmitry Peskov cleared the air by saying Kremlin did not nominate the President.

"You all know that completely different people are nominated for this award, this is an initiative of those submitting the nomination. In this case, [the nomination was submitted by] the aforementioned writer," he said.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/frozen-poo-narcissists-eyebrows-and-alligator-studies-win-spoof-ig-nobel-awards-328584">Also read:&nbsp;Frozen poo, narcissists' eyebrows and alligator studies win spoof 'Ig Nobel' awards</a>

"If this decision is made (to award Putin the prize - TASS) - great, if not, it’s no problem as well," Peskov said.

The nomination has been submitted by a group of Russian public figures, including the famous writer&nbsp;Sergey Komkov. As per the group, the nomination was sent to Oslo on September 10.

The nomination comes during a critical time when the leader has been accused of poisoning his opponent&nbsp;Alexei Navalny, which was confirmed by laboratories in Germnay, France and Sweden, but denied by Russian experts and government.

His nomination came few weeks after the US President <a href="https://www.wionews.com/topics/donald-trump">Donald Trump</a>&nbsp;was <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-president-donald-trump-nominated-for-nobel-peace-prize-2021-following-israel-uae-deal-326247">nominated</a> for the&nbsp;Nobel Peace Prize&nbsp;by a&nbsp;Norwegian lawmaker for facilitating peace agreements between countries of Middle East.

The Russian President Vladimir Putin has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by a Russian writer Sergey Komkov. As many suspected Kremlin was behind this nomination, the Russian Presidential Spokesman Dmitry Peskov cleared the air by saying Kremlin did not nominate the President.

The Russian President Vladimir Putin has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by a Russian writer Sergey Komkov. As many suspected Kremlin was behind this nomination, the Russian Presidential Spokesman Dmitry Peskov cleared the air by saying Kremlin did not nominate the President. "You all know that completely different people are nominated for this award, this is an initiative of those submitting the nomination. In this case, [the nomination was submitted by] the aforementioned writer," he said. Also read: Frozen poo, narcissists' eyebrows and alligator studies win spoof 'Ig Nobel' awards "If this decision is made (to award Putin the prize - TASS) - great, if not, it’s no problem as well," Peskov said. The nomination has been submitted by a group of Russian public figures, including the famous writer Sergey Komkov. As per the group, the nomination was sent to Oslo on September 10. The nomination comes during a critical time when the leader has been accused of poisoning his opponent Alexei Navalny, which was confirmed by laboratories in Germnay, France and Sweden, but denied by Russian experts and government. His nomination came few weeks after the US President Donald Trump was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by a Norwegian lawmaker for facilitating peace agreements between countries of Middle East.

After Trump, Russian President Vladimir Putin nominated for Nobel Prize

Knives made out of frozen faeces, narcissistic eyebrows and a helium-breathing alligator were among the bizarre scientific studies featured in this year's Ig Nobel awards.&nbsp;

Harvard University's annual spoof on the Nobel Prize awards rewards amusing and often weird scientific discoveries. &nbsp;&nbsp;

On Thursday, at the 30th annual Ig Nobel ceremony's -- a 75-minute pre-recorded virtual event -- ten awards were handed out for notable achievements in physics, peace, psychology, economics, medicine and more. In lieu of a handsome windfall and medal, the winners received a paper cube and a £10tn dollar bill from Zimbabwe.

The night's most memorable award was the peace prize. It was given to the governments of India and Pakistan for having their diplomats ring each other’s doorbells in the middle of the night and run away before anyone answered.

Another memorable award was given to a US-based researcher, Metin Eren, for concluding that 'knives manufactured from frozen human faeces do not work'. He made a knife from his frozen faeces, and then set about butchering an animal hide, an endeavour that ended in failure.

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This year’s awards also included a physics prize for work that recorded the shapes earthworms adopt when vibrated at high frequency.&nbsp;

Chris Watkins, a British psychologist, shared the economics prize. His research found that French kissing was more common between partners in areas of high income inequality.&nbsp;

Boris Johnson shared the medical education prize with Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin and a choice selection of other world leaders for demonstrating during the Covid-19 pandemic that politicians can have a more immediate effect on life and death than scientists and doctors can.

The psychology prize went to researchers who discovered a way to identify grandiose narcissists from their eyebrows.

The acoustics prize went to a team that enticed a Chinese alligator to bellow at high pitch after inhaling helium.

The management prize went to five Chinese assassins who subcontracted the hit to each other but failed to get the job done.

Award winners also included a team of Dutch and Belgian researchers who looked at why the sound of chewing drives people mad.

Knives made out of frozen faeces, narcissistic eyebrows and a helium-breathing alligator were among the bizarre scientific studies featured in this year's Ig Nobel awards.

Knives made out of frozen faeces, narcissistic eyebrows and a helium-breathing alligator were among the bizarre scientific studies featured in this year's Ig Nobel awards. Harvard University's annual spoof on the Nobel Prize awards rewards amusing and often weird scientific discoveries. On Thursday, at the 30th annual Ig Nobel ceremony's -- a 75-minute pre-recorded virtual event -- ten awards were handed out for notable achievements in physics, peace, psychology, economics, medicine and more. In lieu of a handsome windfall and medal, the winners received a paper cube and a £10tn dollar bill from Zimbabwe. The night's most memorable award was the peace prize. It was given to the governments of India and Pakistan for having their diplomats ring each other’s doorbells in the middle of the night and run away before anyone answered. Another memorable award was given to a US-based researcher, Metin Eren, for concluding that 'knives manufactured from frozen human faeces do not work'. He made a knife from his frozen faeces, and then set about butchering an animal hide, an endeavour that ended in failure. × This year’s awards also included a physics prize for work that recorded the shapes earthworms adopt when vibrated at high frequency. Chris Watkins, a British psychologist, shared the economics prize. His research found that French kissing was more common between partners in areas of high income inequality. Boris Johnson shared the medical education prize with Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin and a choice selection of other world leaders for demonstrating during the Covid-19 pandemic that politicians can have a more immediate effect on life and death than scientists and doctors can. The psychology prize went to researchers who discovered a way to identify grandiose narcissists from their eyebrows. The acoustics prize went to a team that enticed a Chinese alligator to bellow at high pitch after inhaling helium. The management prize went to five Chinese assassins who subcontracted the hit to each other but failed to get the job done. Award winners also included a team of Dutch and Belgian researchers who looked at why the sound of chewing drives people mad.

Frozen poo, narcissists' eyebrows and alligator studies win spoof 'Ig Nobel' awards

The White House on Wednesday acknowledged the nomination of President Donald Trump for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize, while calling it a testimony to Trump's "bold diplomacy and vision".

“Today, President Donald J Trump was nominated for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership in brokering the Abraham Accords, bringing about the full normalization of relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and marking a major step toward a more peaceful Middle East”, the White House press statement said.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-president-donald-trump-nominated-for-nobel-peace-prize-2021-following-israel-uae-deal-326247">US President Donald Trump nominated for Nobel Peace Prize 2021</a>

The&nbsp;US president has been nominated for the 2021 Nobel Prize for his efforts in normalising ties between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, and for facilitating the historic deal. He was nominated by&nbsp;Christian Tybring-Gjedde, a member of Norwegian Parliament.

“This historic diplomatic breakthrough between Israel and the United Arab Emirates is the most significant step toward peace in the Middle East in more than a quarter of a century”, the statement further read.

'He has done more for peace than others'

Tybring-Gjedde said that Trump has done more for peace than numerous holders of the coveted award. “For his merit, I think he has done more trying to create peace between nations than most other Peace Prize nominees,"&nbsp;Tybring-Gjedde told&nbsp;Fox News.

“This peace deal is a testament to the bold diplomacy and vision of President Trump, and he is honored to be considered by the Nobel Committee. President Trump will host the Israeli and Emirati delegations for a signing ceremony of the Abraham Accords on September 15 at the White House”, White House statement further said.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/world/meet-donald-trumps-latest-admirer-noor-bin-ladin-the-niece-of-osama-bin-laden-325838" hreflang="en">Meet Donald Trump's latest admirer - Noor Bin Ladin, the niece of Osama Bin Laden</a>

President Trump had earlier claimed that he was robbed of the Nobel Peace Prize.

During a rally in Toledo, Ohio, in January 2020,&nbsp;Trump had&nbsp;said he deserved the prize which was earlier awarded to Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. “I made a deal, I saved a country, and I just heard that the head of that country is now getting the Nobel Peace Prize for saving the country. I said, ‘What, did I have something do with it?'” Trump claimed.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/world/us-election-2020-kamala-harris-will-never-be-president-of-us-says-donald-trump-325860" hreflang="en">US election 2020: Kamala Harris will never be president of US, says Donald Trump</a>

Abiy received the peace prize for ending Ethiopian border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea, which was settled in 2018.

Earlier, allies of the US president had said that Trump deserves the Nobel Prize for his negotiations with North Korea. Trump had also complained about his predecessor, President Barack Obama receiving the coveted award.

The White House on Wednesday acknowledged the nomination of President Donald Trump for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize, while calling it a testimony to Trump's "bold diplomacy and vision".

The White House on Wednesday acknowledged the nomination of President Donald Trump for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize, while calling it a testimony to Trump's "bold diplomacy and vision". “Today, President Donald J Trump was nominated for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership in brokering the Abraham Accords, bringing about the full normalization of relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and marking a major step toward a more peaceful Middle East”, the White House press statement said. Also read: US President Donald Trump nominated for Nobel Peace Prize 2021 The US president has been nominated for the 2021 Nobel Prize for his efforts in normalising ties between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, and for facilitating the historic deal. He was nominated by Christian Tybring-Gjedde, a member of Norwegian Parliament. “This historic diplomatic breakthrough between Israel and the United Arab Emirates is the most significant step toward peace in the Middle East in more than a quarter of a century”, the statement further read. 'He has done more for peace than others' Tybring-Gjedde said that Trump has done more for peace than numerous holders of the coveted award. “For his merit, I think he has done more trying to create peace between nations than most other Peace Prize nominees," Tybring-Gjedde told Fox News. “This peace deal is a testament to the bold diplomacy and vision of President Trump, and he is honored to be considered by the Nobel Committee. President Trump will host the Israeli and Emirati delegations for a signing ceremony of the Abraham Accords on September 15 at the White House”, White House statement further said. Also read: Meet Donald Trump's latest admirer - Noor Bin Ladin, the niece of Osama Bin Laden President Trump had earlier claimed that he was robbed of the Nobel Peace Prize. During a rally in Toledo, Ohio, in January 2020, Trump had said he deserved the prize which was earlier awarded to Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. “I made a deal, I saved a country, and I just heard that the head of that country is now getting the Nobel Peace Prize for saving the country. I said, ‘What, did I have something do with it?'” Trump claimed. Also read: US election 2020: Kamala Harris will never be president of US, says Donald Trump Abiy received the peace prize for ending Ethiopian border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea, which was settled in 2018. Earlier, allies of the US president had said that Trump deserves the Nobel Prize for his negotiations with North Korea. Trump had also complained about his predecessor, President Barack Obama receiving the coveted award.

Trump's Nobel Peace Prize nomination a 'testament to his bold diplomacy and vision': White House

John Hume, a Roman Catholic architect of Northern Ireland's Good Friday peace agreement who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in ending 30 years of sectarian violence, died on Monday at the age of 83, his SDLP party said.&nbsp;

Hume, who is credited with kick-starting peace negotiations in the British region, shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998 with Northern Ireland's then first minister, David Trimble of the Protestant Ulster Unionist Party.

Hume died in a care home in his native Londonderry in the early hours of Monday morning, his family said in a statement.&nbsp;

"The death of John Hume represents the loss of 20th century Ireland’s most significant and consequential political figure," SDLP leader Colum Eastwood said in a statement.&nbsp;

"This is an historic moment on this island but most of all it is a moment of deep, deep sadness."

Hume, a moderate nationalist and civil rights campaigner, held pioneering talks with Gerry Adams, who was at the time the leader of the Sinn Fein party that was then the political wing of the Irish Republican Army (IRA).&nbsp;

The talks helped pave the way for a joint initiative by the British and Irish governments in 1993.&nbsp;

That spawned a peace process and an IRA truce in 1994 and talks that produced the watershed Good Friday accord.

"All of us, should bow our heads in respect &amp; thanks. What an extraordinary man, peacemaker, politician, leader, civil rights campaigner, family man, Derryman, inspiration," Irish Foreign Minister Simon Coveney said in a statement.

John Hume, a Roman Catholic architect of Northern Ireland's Good Friday peace agreement who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in ending 30 years of sectarian violence, died on Monday at the age of 83, his SDLP party said.

John Hume, a Roman Catholic architect of Northern Ireland's Good Friday peace agreement who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in ending 30 years of sectarian violence, died on Monday at the age of 83, his SDLP party said. Hume, who is credited with kick-starting peace negotiations in the British region, shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998 with Northern Ireland's then first minister, David Trimble of the Protestant Ulster Unionist Party. Hume died in a care home in his native Londonderry in the early hours of Monday morning, his family said in a statement. "The death of John Hume represents the loss of 20th century Ireland’s most significant and consequential political figure," SDLP leader Colum Eastwood said in a statement. "This is an historic moment on this island but most of all it is a moment of deep, deep sadness." Hume, a moderate nationalist and civil rights campaigner, held pioneering talks with Gerry Adams, who was at the time the leader of the Sinn Fein party that was then the political wing of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). The talks helped pave the way for a joint initiative by the British and Irish governments in 1993. That spawned a peace process and an IRA truce in 1994 and talks that produced the watershed Good Friday accord. "All of us, should bow our heads in respect & thanks. What an extraordinary man, peacemaker, politician, leader, civil rights campaigner, family man, Derryman, inspiration," Irish Foreign Minister Simon Coveney said in a statement.

John Hume, Northern Irish Catholic leader and Nobel Peace laureate, dies at 83

The Nobel Prize Banquet has been cancelled for the first time since 1956 due to coronavirus pandemic.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/wuhan-welcomes-tourists-100-days-after-lifting-coronavirus-induced-lockdown-315171" hreflang="en">Wuhan welcomes tourists 100 days after lifting coronavirus-induced lockdown</a>

The event hosts around 1,300 guests including the Swedish royal family and traditionally marks the conclusion of the Nobel Week. The banquet hosts winners of the coveted prize are invited to the Swedish capital Stockholm for talks and the award ceremony.

This year's Nobel Prize winners will be announced, however, the event that is usually held on December 10 will not take place.

Last time the event was called off in 1956 in a protest against Soviet Union's invasion in Hungary.&nbsp;

The ceremony has also cancelled during World War One and Two.&nbsp;

These coveted prizes have been given to people with achievements in fields such as science, literature and peace since 1901 under the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel.&nbsp;

Nobel Foundation Chairman Lars Heikensten is an interview with Dagens Nyheter, the Swedish newspaper said: “There are two problems. You cannot gather that many people next to each other. And it is uncertain whether people can travel to Sweden to the extent they want.”

In a first, all announcements will be streamed live on nobelprize.org this year.

The Nobel Prize Banquet has been cancelled for the first time since 1956 due to coronavirus pandemic. Also read: Wuhan welcomes tourists 100 days after lifting coronavirus-induced lockdown The event hosts around 1,300 guests including the Swedish royal family and traditionally marks the conclusion of the Nobel Week.

The Nobel Prize Banquet has been cancelled for the first time since 1956 due to coronavirus pandemic. Also read: Wuhan welcomes tourists 100 days after lifting coronavirus-induced lockdown The event hosts around 1,300 guests including the Swedish royal family and traditionally marks the conclusion of the Nobel Week. The banquet hosts winners of the coveted prize are invited to the Swedish capital Stockholm for talks and the award ceremony. This year's Nobel Prize winners will be announced, however, the event that is usually held on December 10 will not take place. Last time the event was called off in 1956 in a protest against Soviet Union's invasion in Hungary. The ceremony has also cancelled during World War One and Two. These coveted prizes have been given to people with achievements in fields such as science, literature and peace since 1901 under the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel. Nobel Foundation Chairman Lars Heikensten is an interview with Dagens Nyheter, the Swedish newspaper said: “There are two problems. You cannot gather that many people next to each other. And it is uncertain whether people can travel to Sweden to the extent they want.” In a first, all announcements will be streamed live on nobelprize.org this year.

Nobel Prize banquet cancelled for first time since 1956 due to COVID-19

The Nobel committee today officially handed over the coveted peace prize to Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed at a glittering ceremony in Oslo.

Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed receives Nobel Prize in Oslo

Nobel literature laureate Peter Handke, who backed Serbia during the wars in ex-Yugoslavia, receives his prize at a gala ceremony Tuesday in Stockholm, where hundreds are expected to protest.

The Swedish Academy's pick for the 2019 prize, announced in October, triggered outrage in the Balkans and beyond because of Handke's support for late Serbian strongman Slobodan Milosevic.

The 77-year-old Austrian author will receive his Nobel Prize from Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf at a formal ceremony with this year's other laureates, followed by a gala banquet attended by more than 1,200 special guests.

The Academy honoured Handke "for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience."

It called him "one of the most influential writers in Europe after the Second World War."

The choice of Handke came as the Academy struggles to recover from a rape scandal that resulted in the 2018 prize being postponed and awarded this year to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk.

But its pick of Handke has done little to improve its predicament: one Nobel committee member resigned over the choice, one Academy member and representatives of the embassies of Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, Kosovo and Turkey have said they will boycott Tuesday's ceremony, and at least two demonstrations are due to unfold as he receives his prize.

Handke has also not been invited to a traditional event for literature laureates with high school students in a Stockholm suburb, where many students are of foreign background. Tokarczuk will however attend.

At the Nobel banquet, Handke is the laureate seated furthest from the king and queen at the head table, while Tokarczuk will be seated between the king and Prince Daniel, the husband of Crown Princess Victoria.

Neither the Nobel Foundation nor the palace has commented on seating arrangements.

In 1997 Handke was accused of minimising Serb war crimes in his book "A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia".

He also drew criticism for speaking at the 2006 funeral of Milosevic, who died while on trial for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Protests divide Academy

Hundreds of people are expected to attend an anti-Handke protest at the Norrmalmstorg square in central Stockholm, while a second demonstration is planned outside the Stockholm Concert Hall where the prize ceremony will take place. &nbsp;

"He's allowed to write what he wants. The problem is that he is being honoured for his writings," the organiser of one of the protests, Teufika Sabanovic, told AFP.

"He defends war criminals, he qualifies genocide, he qualifies genocide deniers. Where is the limit for what is acceptable?" she said.

Born in Srebrenica in 1990, she lost her father and 70 percent of her relatives in the hamlet when some 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys were slaughtered by Bosnian Serb forces in July 1995, which the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has recognised as a genocide.

In Stockholm on Friday at a press conference, Handke dodged questions on the Balkan wars, telling reporters: "I like literature, not opinions."

But in an interview with German weekly Die Zeit in late November, Handke defended his writings.

"Not one word I have written about Yugoslavia can be denounced, not a single one. It's literature," he said.

Back then, "reporting about Serbia was monotone and one-sided," Handke told Die Zeit.

He said he "of course" had to be at Milosevic's 2006 funeral.

"He voted against dissolving Yugoslavia in one of the last ballots. His funeral was Yugoslavia's funeral too," Handke said. "Have people forgotten that this state was founded in opposition to Hitler's Reich?"

At the same time, Handke said he "not once bowed down before him -- not internally, not externally."

The head of the Swedish Academy's Nobel committee, Anders Olsson, has insisted Handke is "not a political writer".

Olsson responded to a letter from survivors of war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina: "It is obvious that we understand Peter Handke's literary work in very different ways."

But another committee member, Peter Englund, disagreed.

Englund headed the Swedish Academy between 2009 and 2015 and reported on the 1990s conflicts in the Balkans for Swedish newspapers.

"I will not participate in Nobel Week this year.... Celebrating Peter Handke's Nobel Prize would be pure hypocrisy on my part," Englund told the daily Dagens Nyheter.

Ironically, in 2014 Handke called for the Nobel Literature Prize to be abolished, saying it conferred a "false canonisation" on the laureate.

Nobel literature laureate Peter Handke, who backed Serbia during the wars in ex-Yugoslavia, receives his prize at a gala ceremony Tuesday in Stockholm, where hundreds are expected to protest.

Nobel literature laureate Peter Handke, who backed Serbia during the wars in ex-Yugoslavia, receives his prize at a gala ceremony Tuesday in Stockholm, where hundreds are expected to protest. The Swedish Academy's pick for the 2019 prize, announced in October, triggered outrage in the Balkans and beyond because of Handke's support for late Serbian strongman Slobodan Milosevic. The 77-year-old Austrian author will receive his Nobel Prize from Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf at a formal ceremony with this year's other laureates, followed by a gala banquet attended by more than 1,200 special guests. The Academy honoured Handke "for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience." It called him "one of the most influential writers in Europe after the Second World War." The choice of Handke came as the Academy struggles to recover from a rape scandal that resulted in the 2018 prize being postponed and awarded this year to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk. But its pick of Handke has done little to improve its predicament: one Nobel committee member resigned over the choice, one Academy member and representatives of the embassies of Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, Kosovo and Turkey have said they will boycott Tuesday's ceremony, and at least two demonstrations are due to unfold as he receives his prize. Handke has also not been invited to a traditional event for literature laureates with high school students in a Stockholm suburb, where many students are of foreign background. Tokarczuk will however attend. At the Nobel banquet, Handke is the laureate seated furthest from the king and queen at the head table, while Tokarczuk will be seated between the king and Prince Daniel, the husband of Crown Princess Victoria. Neither the Nobel Foundation nor the palace has commented on seating arrangements. In 1997 Handke was accused of minimising Serb war crimes in his book "A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia". He also drew criticism for speaking at the 2006 funeral of Milosevic, who died while on trial for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Protests divide Academy Hundreds of people are expected to attend an anti-Handke protest at the Norrmalmstorg square in central Stockholm, while a second demonstration is planned outside the Stockholm Concert Hall where the prize ceremony will take place. "He's allowed to write what he wants. The problem is that he is being honoured for his writings," the organiser of one of the protests, Teufika Sabanovic, told AFP. "He defends war criminals, he qualifies genocide, he qualifies genocide deniers. Where is the limit for what is acceptable?" she said. Born in Srebrenica in 1990, she lost her father and 70 percent of her relatives in the hamlet when some 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys were slaughtered by Bosnian Serb forces in July 1995, which the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has recognised as a genocide. In Stockholm on Friday at a press conference, Handke dodged questions on the Balkan wars, telling reporters: "I like literature, not opinions." But in an interview with German weekly Die Zeit in late November, Handke defended his writings. "Not one word I have written about Yugoslavia can be denounced, not a single one. It's literature," he said. Back then, "reporting about Serbia was monotone and one-sided," Handke told Die Zeit. He said he "of course" had to be at Milosevic's 2006 funeral. "He voted against dissolving Yugoslavia in one of the last ballots. His funeral was Yugoslavia's funeral too," Handke said. "Have people forgotten that this state was founded in opposition to Hitler's Reich?" At the same time, Handke said he "not once bowed down before him -- not internally, not externally." The head of the Swedish Academy's Nobel committee, Anders Olsson, has insisted Handke is "not a political writer". Olsson responded to a letter from survivors of war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina: "It is obvious that we understand Peter Handke's literary work in very different ways." But another committee member, Peter Englund, disagreed. Englund headed the Swedish Academy between 2009 and 2015 and reported on the 1990s conflicts in the Balkans for Swedish newspapers. "I will not participate in Nobel Week this year.... Celebrating Peter Handke's Nobel Prize would be pure hypocrisy on my part," Englund told the daily Dagens Nyheter. Ironically, in 2014 Handke called for the Nobel Literature Prize to be abolished, saying it conferred a "false canonisation" on the laureate.

Handke to receive Nobel Prize at ceremony amid controversy

Fix the climate crisis and save the Earth, one of this year's Nobel laureates for physics urged on Saturday, saying the idea of humans escaping our planet to live in other solar systems was farfetched and unrealistic.

Swiss astronomer Didier Queloz, who shared the 2019 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering planets orbiting distant suns, said he had heard the argument against fighting <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/climate-change-has-ill-effects-on-health-but-not-enough-funding-world-health-organisation-265954">climate change </a>because 'it doesn't matter because anyway we're going to leave the Earth at some point'.

"I think this is just irresponsible ... because the stars are so far away, I think we should not really have any hope, serious hope, to escape the Earth," Queloz said at a news conference in Stockholm where he is to collect his share of the 9-million-Swedish-crown ($910,000) prize next week.

"So we better spend our time and energy trying to fix it than trying to imagine that we will ... destroy it and leave it," he said.

Some scientists, including late cosmologist and theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, have said threats such as nuclear war and climate change are so serious humans may have to eventually leave the Earth in order to survive as a species.

Briton Stanley Whittingham, awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry along with American John Goodenough and Akira Yoshino of Japan for inventing the lithium-ion battery, said a pragmatic approach was needed to the climate crisis.

"We've got to do things step-wise and have some solutions in mind," he said at the same event. "I think lithium batteries are going to help electrification of transportation, including big trucks, and in the US&nbsp;it's already helping solar and wind take over from coal power plants."

The prizes for achievements in science, literature and peace were created and funded in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel and have been awarded since 1901. This year's award ceremony and banquet is on Dec 10.

Fix the climate crisis and save the Earth, one of this year's Nobel laureates for physics urged on Saturday, saying the idea of humans escaping our planet to live in other solar systems was farfetched and unrealistic.

Fix the climate crisis and save the Earth, one of this year's Nobel laureates for physics urged on Saturday, saying the idea of humans escaping our planet to live in other solar systems was farfetched and unrealistic. Swiss astronomer Didier Queloz, who shared the 2019 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering planets orbiting distant suns, said he had heard the argument against fighting climate change because 'it doesn't matter because anyway we're going to leave the Earth at some point'. "I think this is just irresponsible ... because the stars are so far away, I think we should not really have any hope, serious hope, to escape the Earth," Queloz said at a news conference in Stockholm where he is to collect his share of the 9-million-Swedish-crown ($910,000) prize next week. "So we better spend our time and energy trying to fix it than trying to imagine that we will ... destroy it and leave it," he said. Some scientists, including late cosmologist and theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, have said threats such as nuclear war and climate change are so serious humans may have to eventually leave the Earth in order to survive as a species. Briton Stanley Whittingham, awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry along with American John Goodenough and Akira Yoshino of Japan for inventing the lithium-ion battery, said a pragmatic approach was needed to the climate crisis. "We've got to do things step-wise and have some solutions in mind," he said at the same event. "I think lithium batteries are going to help electrification of transportation, including big trucks, and in the US it's already helping solar and wind take over from coal power plants." The prizes for achievements in science, literature and peace were created and funded in the will of Swedish dynamite inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel and have been awarded since 1901. This year's award ceremony and banquet is on Dec 10.

Fix climate crisis, Earth is all we've got: Physics Nobel prize winner

BSP chief Mayawati on Sunday congratulated Indian-origin economist Abhijeet Banerjee for winning the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences and stated that every Indian should be proud of this achievement and it should not be seen from a political perspective.

Taking to Twitter, Mayawati lauded Banerjee for his achievement.

"Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee for the experimental approach to alleviate poverty and winning the Nobel Prize. But it is completely wrong to see this from a political perspective, every Indian should be proud of this achievement," Mayawati tweeted in Hindi.

Banerjee, an Indian-origin economist, and the academic professor was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences.

He won the coveted award along with his French-American wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty."

The 58-year-old Kolkata-born economist is currently the Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

BSP chief Mayawati on Sunday congratulated Indian-origin economist Abhijeet Banerjee for winning the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences and stated that every Indian should be proud of this achievement and it should not be seen from a political perspective.

BSP chief Mayawati on Sunday congratulated Indian-origin economist Abhijeet Banerjee for winning the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences and stated that every Indian should be proud of this achievement and it should not be seen from a political perspective. Taking to Twitter, Mayawati lauded Banerjee for his achievement. "Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee for the experimental approach to alleviate poverty and winning the Nobel Prize. But it is completely wrong to see this from a political perspective, every Indian should be proud of this achievement," Mayawati tweeted in Hindi. Banerjee, an Indian-origin economist, and the academic professor was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He won the coveted award along with his French-American wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty." The 58-year-old Kolkata-born economist is currently the Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Abhijit Banerjee's achievement should not be seen from political perspective: Mayawati

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on Wednesday made a gaffe by repeatedly talking about Nobel Prize laureate Abhijit Banerjee, as 'Abhishek Babu'.

In an apparent slip of tongue, Mamata on Wednesday congratulated Abhijit Banerjee by mentioning him as 'Abhishek Babu'.

"In West Bengal, there are people like Amartya Sen, Mother Teresa who have won the Nobel Prize and now Abhishek Babu (referring to Abhijit Banerjee) has also got a Nobel Prize. Sourav Ganguly got the opportunity (BCCI President post). Bengal is proud and is moving forward," said Mamata while speaking to reporters.

Reportedly, she repeated the same name, 'Abhishek Babu', while informing the reporters about her plan to meet the Nobel laureate's mother.

Abhijit Banerjee, an Indian-origin economist, and the academic professor was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences.

He won the coveted award along with his French-American wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty."

On Monday, Ganguly also filed his nomination for the post of BCCI president in Mumbai.Mamata met the family members of Abhijit Banerjee at their residence in Kolkata on Wednesday.

"If more people like Abhijit Banerjee continue their work for the society, we will be happy," the Chief Minister said after meeting the family.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on Wednesday made a gaffe by repeatedly talking about Nobel Prize laureate Abhijit Banerjee, as 'Abhishek Babu'. In an apparent slip of tongue, Mamata on Wednesday congratulated Abhijit Banerjee by mentioning him as 'Abhishek Babu'.

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee on Wednesday made a gaffe by repeatedly talking about Nobel Prize laureate Abhijit Banerjee, as 'Abhishek Babu'. In an apparent slip of tongue, Mamata on Wednesday congratulated Abhijit Banerjee by mentioning him as 'Abhishek Babu'. "In West Bengal, there are people like Amartya Sen, Mother Teresa who have won the Nobel Prize and now Abhishek Babu (referring to Abhijit Banerjee) has also got a Nobel Prize. Sourav Ganguly got the opportunity (BCCI President post). Bengal is proud and is moving forward," said Mamata while speaking to reporters. Reportedly, she repeated the same name, 'Abhishek Babu', while informing the reporters about her plan to meet the Nobel laureate's mother. Abhijit Banerjee, an Indian-origin economist, and the academic professor was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He won the coveted award along with his French-American wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty." On Monday, Ganguly also filed his nomination for the post of BCCI president in Mumbai.Mamata met the family members of Abhijit Banerjee at their residence in Kolkata on Wednesday. "If more people like Abhijit Banerjee continue their work for the society, we will be happy," the Chief Minister said after meeting the family.

Mamata commits gaffe, lauds 'Abhishek Babu' as Nobel Prize winner

A Norwegian politician has nominated the "people of Hong Kong" for the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, in a move which risks drawing China's ire.

"I have nominated the people of Hong Kong, who risk their lives and security every day to stand up for <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/hong-kong-leader-carrie-lam-abandons-speech-after-heckles-from-lawmakers-256227">freedom of speech and basic democracy</a>, to the Nobel Peace Prize for 2020," Guri Melby, a member of Norway's parliament for the liberal party, said in a Twitter post on Tuesday.

In an interview published by the newspaper&nbsp;Aftenposten on Wednesday Melby explained that "what they do has an impact far beyond Hong Kong, both in the region and in the rest of the world".

The former British colony is going through its worst political crisis since its return to China in 1997.

Millions have taken to the streets of Hong Kong, initially against a now-dropped bid by its leaders to <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/firmly-oppose-us-house-of-representatives-insistence-on-passing-hong-kong-democracy-act-china-256179">allow extraditions to the Chinese mainland</a>.

But after Beijing and Hong Kong chief executive Carrie Lam took a hard line, the movement snowballed into a broader push for democracy and police accountability.

Activists say <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-senator-warns-hong-kong-of-becoming-police-state-255828">freedoms are being eroded by Beijing</a>, contrary to a deal that outlined Hong Kong's 1997 return to China from British colonial rule.

Melby's initiative is likely to displease China, which was already angered by the Nobel Committee's 2010 decision to give the award to imprisoned Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo, who has since died.

Although the Nobel Committee is independent of the government in Norway, Beijing froze its relations with the Scandinavian country, suspended negotiations for a free trade agreement and blocked imports of Norwegian salmon.

Relations between the countries did not normalise until December 2016, after Oslo committed to not "support actions that undermine" Chinese interests.

Nominations are however common and this year the Nobel Committee had to pick from 301 candidates.

In the end, the prize was awarded to Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his work in resolving the conflict with bitter foe Eritrea.

A Norwegian politician has nominated the "people of Hong Kong" for the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, in a move which risks drawing China's ire. "I have nominated the people of Hong Kong, who risk their lives and security every day to stand up for freedom of speech and basic democracy, to the Nobel Peace Prize for 2020," Guri Melby, a member of Norway's parliament for the liberal party, said in a Twitter post on Tuesday.

A Norwegian politician has nominated the "people of Hong Kong" for the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, in a move which risks drawing China's ire. "I have nominated the people of Hong Kong, who risk their lives and security every day to stand up for freedom of speech and basic democracy, to the Nobel Peace Prize for 2020," Guri Melby, a member of Norway's parliament for the liberal party, said in a Twitter post on Tuesday. In an interview published by the newspaper Aftenposten on Wednesday Melby explained that "what they do has an impact far beyond Hong Kong, both in the region and in the rest of the world". The former British colony is going through its worst political crisis since its return to China in 1997. Millions have taken to the streets of Hong Kong, initially against a now-dropped bid by its leaders to allow extraditions to the Chinese mainland. But after Beijing and Hong Kong chief executive Carrie Lam took a hard line, the movement snowballed into a broader push for democracy and police accountability. Activists say freedoms are being eroded by Beijing, contrary to a deal that outlined Hong Kong's 1997 return to China from British colonial rule. Melby's initiative is likely to displease China, which was already angered by the Nobel Committee's 2010 decision to give the award to imprisoned Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo, who has since died. Although the Nobel Committee is independent of the government in Norway, Beijing froze its relations with the Scandinavian country, suspended negotiations for a free trade agreement and blocked imports of Norwegian salmon. Relations between the countries did not normalise until December 2016, after Oslo committed to not "support actions that undermine" Chinese interests. Nominations are however common and this year the Nobel Committee had to pick from 301 candidates. In the end, the prize was awarded to Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed for his work in resolving the conflict with bitter foe Eritrea.

'People of Hong Kong' nominated for Nobel Peace Prize 2020

Politicians from various&nbsp;parties and affiliations in the country congratulated <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/abhijit-banerjee-wife-esther-duflo-win-nobel-prize-in-economics-255829">Abhijit Banerjee, the Indian-origin economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics</a>. He shared the award with his wife Esther Duflo. They're both professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The third co-awardee is Michal Kremer. All the awardees were honoured for their contributions and the experimental approach&nbsp;in the alleviation of poverty.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi tweeted ''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on being conferred the 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He has made notable contributions in the field of poverty alleviation.''

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Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on being conferred the 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He has made notable contributions in the field of poverty alleviation.
— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) <a href="https://twitter.com/narendramodi/status/1183740421568172034?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2019</a></blockquote>
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Former Congress President Rahul Gandhi congratulated Banerjee and said ''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on winning the Nobel Prize in Economics. Abhijit helped conceptualise NYAY that had the power to destroy poverty and boost the Indian economy.''

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee tweeted, “Another Bengali has done the nation proud. We are overjoyed.”

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Hearty congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, alumnus of South Point School &amp; Presidency College Kolkata, for winning the Nobel Prize in Economics. Another Bengali has done the nation proud. We are overjoyed. 
 
জয় হিন্দ । জয় বাংলা ।
— Mamata Banerjee (@MamataOfficial) <a href="https://twitter.com/MamataOfficial/status/1183689705193213952?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2019</a></blockquote>
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&nbsp;The Chief Minister of Delhi, Arvind Kejriwal also extended his wishes and said ''Big day for every Indian. Heartiest congratulations to eminent economist Abhijit Banerjee for being among the winners of this year’s Nobel prize for Economics. Work on poverty alleviation gets highest endorsement.''

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Big day for every Indian. 
 
Heartiest congratulations to eminent economist Abhijit Banerjee for being among the winners of this year’s Nobel prize for Economics. Work on poverty alleviation gets highest endorsement.
— Arvind Kejriwal (@ArvindKejriwal) <a href="https://twitter.com/ArvindKejriwal/status/1183690508436066305?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2019</a></blockquote>
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The General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) Sitaram Yechury&nbsp;said ''Prof Abhijit Banerjee, the calumny spread about both Presidency &amp; JNU is rebuffed yet again. You’ve done your alma mater proud, adding further distinction. This is the second Economics Nobel from Presidency!''

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Prof Abhijit Banerjee, the calumny spread about both Presidency &amp; JNU is rebuffed yet again. You’ve done your alma mater proud, adding further distinction. This is the second Economics Nobel from Presidency! <a href="https://t.co/0sbGCAufzV">https://t.co/0sbGCAufzV</a>
— Sitaram Yechury (@SitaramYechury) <a href="https://twitter.com/SitaramYechury/status/1183697452005609477?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2019</a></blockquote>
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President of India Ram Nath Kovind congratulated Banerjee and tweeted&nbsp;''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer on winning “the Nobel prize” in economic Science “for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty”. Their research has helped economists better understand how to fight poverty in India &amp; the world.''

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Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer on winning “the Nobel prize” in economic Science “for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty”. Their research has helped economists better understand how to fight poverty in India &amp; the world
— President of India (@rashtrapatibhvn) <a href="https://twitter.com/rashtrapatibhvn/status/1183743579132293120?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2019</a></blockquote>
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&nbsp;

Politicians from various parties and affiliations in the country congratulated Abhijit Banerjee, the Indian-origin economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics.

Politicians from various parties and affiliations in the country congratulated Abhijit Banerjee, the Indian-origin economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics. He shared the award with his wife Esther Duflo. They're both professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The third co-awardee is Michal Kremer. All the awardees were honoured for their contributions and the experimental approach in the alleviation of poverty. Prime Minister Narendra Modi tweeted ''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on being conferred the 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He has made notable contributions in the field of poverty alleviation.'' Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on being conferred the 2019 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He has made notable contributions in the field of poverty alleviation. — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 14, 2019 × Former Congress President Rahul Gandhi congratulated Banerjee and said ''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee on winning the Nobel Prize in Economics. Abhijit helped conceptualise NYAY that had the power to destroy poverty and boost the Indian economy.'' West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee tweeted, “Another Bengali has done the nation proud. We are overjoyed.” Hearty congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, alumnus of South Point School & Presidency College Kolkata, for winning the Nobel Prize in Economics. Another Bengali has done the nation proud. We are overjoyed. জয় হিন্দ । জয় বাংলা । — Mamata Banerjee (@MamataOfficial) October 14, 2019 × The Chief Minister of Delhi, Arvind Kejriwal also extended his wishes and said ''Big day for every Indian. Heartiest congratulations to eminent economist Abhijit Banerjee for being among the winners of this year’s Nobel prize for Economics. Work on poverty alleviation gets highest endorsement.'' Big day for every Indian. Heartiest congratulations to eminent economist Abhijit Banerjee for being among the winners of this year’s Nobel prize for Economics. Work on poverty alleviation gets highest endorsement. — Arvind Kejriwal (@ArvindKejriwal) October 14, 2019 × The General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) Sitaram Yechury said ''Prof Abhijit Banerjee, the calumny spread about both Presidency & JNU is rebuffed yet again. You’ve done your alma mater proud, adding further distinction. This is the second Economics Nobel from Presidency!'' Prof Abhijit Banerjee, the calumny spread about both Presidency & JNU is rebuffed yet again. You’ve done your alma mater proud, adding further distinction. This is the second Economics Nobel from Presidency! https://t.co/0sbGCAufzV — Sitaram Yechury (@SitaramYechury) October 14, 2019 × President of India Ram Nath Kovind congratulated Banerjee and tweeted ''Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer on winning “the Nobel prize” in economic Science “for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty”. Their research has helped economists better understand how to fight poverty in India & the world.'' Congratulations to Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer on winning “the Nobel prize” in economic Science “for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty”. Their research has helped economists better understand how to fight poverty in India & the world — President of India (@rashtrapatibhvn) October 14, 2019 ×

Prime Minister Modi congratulates Abhijit Banerjee on winning Nobel Prize in Economics

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