Approximately 74 photographs of the Apollo missions by NASA documenting its space exploration are all set to under the hammer.

These include the first picture of the first earthrise witnessed by humans and the first human steps on the moon.

Several of the collection's photographs have belonged to NASA's own archives and were not known to the public, while selected copies appeared on the covers of major influential American magazines&nbsp;to tell the world about the United States' success in the lunar race.

Also see |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/why-has-space-business-has-become-the-final-profitable-frontier-452928" hreflang="en">Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier?</a>

The "very exciting" auction of the private collection, owned by a foreign national whose identity has been kept confidential, takes place on 9 March and will see the 74 items been auctioned individually.

NASA said that it decided to auction the images as this year marks the 60th anniversary for the former American President John F. Kennedy’s famous Moon speech.

''His inspiring words in 1962 were not just about the vision of putting humans on the Moon, but about galvanising the spirit of the times where everything seemed possible for mankind,'' said the US space agency.

The auction also includes photographs of Kennedy's final visit to NASA at Cape Canaveral on 16 November 1963, just six days before his tragic death.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-have-a-new-theory-on-how-former-fireball-earth-became-habitable-459370" hreflang="en">Astronomers have a new theory on how former 'fireball' Earth became habitable</a>

Danish auction house Bruun Rasmussen, which is responsible for the event, said the items are expected to fetch over $2 million.

''It was truly a time of greatness, and there was a sense of incredible accomplishment because we as humans had succeeded in making it to the Moon. A belief in our own abilities and a sense of limitless potential abounded in society, and despite the crises that also existed during that time, humanity achieved some of the greatest things within space exploration – putting a human on the Moon,'' says Laerke Bogh, Head of Department and Specialist at Bruun Rasmussen.

''The spirit of the times and the world history that was written during this period shines through clearly in the photographs. Knowing that these are the original photographs taken by the astronauts during the biggest missions of their lives presents a great thrill in this digital age.''

The idea behind the Apollo programme was to get the first human safely to the Moon and back again to Earth. Between 1968-1972, a series of more or less successful Apollo missions were launched by NASA.

On several of the missions, the spaceships managed to enter the lunar orbit, and on the famous Apollo 11 in 1969, they finally landed on the Moon.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Approximately 74 photographs of the Apollo missions by NASA documenting its space exploration are all set to under the hammer. These include the first picture of the first earthrise witnessed by humans and the first human steps on the moon.

Approximately 74 photographs of the Apollo missions by NASA documenting its space exploration are all set to under the hammer. These include the first picture of the first earthrise witnessed by humans and the first human steps on the moon. Several of the collection's photographs have belonged to NASA's own archives and were not known to the public, while selected copies appeared on the covers of major influential American magazines to tell the world about the United States' success in the lunar race. Also see | Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier? The "very exciting" auction of the private collection, owned by a foreign national whose identity has been kept confidential, takes place on 9 March and will see the 74 items been auctioned individually. NASA said that it decided to auction the images as this year marks the 60th anniversary for the former American President John F. Kennedy’s famous Moon speech. ''His inspiring words in 1962 were not just about the vision of putting humans on the Moon, but about galvanising the spirit of the times where everything seemed possible for mankind,'' said the US space agency. The auction also includes photographs of Kennedy's final visit to NASA at Cape Canaveral on 16 November 1963, just six days before his tragic death. Also read | Astronomers have a new theory on how former 'fireball' Earth became habitable Danish auction house Bruun Rasmussen, which is responsible for the event, said the items are expected to fetch over $2 million. ''It was truly a time of greatness, and there was a sense of incredible accomplishment because we as humans had succeeded in making it to the Moon. A belief in our own abilities and a sense of limitless potential abounded in society, and despite the crises that also existed during that time, humanity achieved some of the greatest things within space exploration – putting a human on the Moon,'' says Laerke Bogh, Head of Department and Specialist at Bruun Rasmussen. ''The spirit of the times and the world history that was written during this period shines through clearly in the photographs. Knowing that these are the original photographs taken by the astronauts during the biggest missions of their lives presents a great thrill in this digital age.'' The idea behind the Apollo programme was to get the first human safely to the Moon and back again to Earth. Between 1968-1972, a series of more or less successful Apollo missions were launched by NASA. On several of the missions, the spaceships managed to enter the lunar orbit, and on the famous Apollo 11 in 1969, they finally landed on the Moon. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA photographs of Apollo missions to go on auction in Denmark

Cellular network and wifi is something we take for granted these days. Entire repository of humankind's knowledge or that one TikTok video is literally at our fingertips. Things have gone ahead so quickly that sometimes it makes us wonder whether there is any new frontier left.

But there are plenty. NASA is setting up cellular network on Moon and Indian-origin Nishant Batra is spearheading the effort. Batra is working as Chief Strategy and Technology Officer (CSTO) at smartphone maker Nokia

He holds an MBA from INSEAD, a master`s degree in telecommunications and a master`s degree in computer science from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, and a bachelor`s degree in computer applications from Devi Ahilya University in India.

Prior to joining the telecommunications major, Batra worked at Veoneer in Sweden, as Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. He had also spent 12 years at Ericsson holding several positions.

Batra is based in Espoo, Finland, and has lived and worked in Asia, Europe and the US.

At Nokia, Batra`s responsibilities include managing technology architecture and pioneering research at Nokia Bell Labs whose

innovations will be used to build and deploy the first ultra-compact, low-power, space-hardened, end-to-end LTE solution on the lunar surface in late 2022.

NASA is looking to regain its presence on the lunar surface with its uncrewed Artemis mission slated for launch in May this year and crewed mission in 2026.

In October last year, the US space agency selected Nokia as a partner to advance "Tipping Point" technologies for the Moon, deploying the first LTE/4G communications system in space and helping pave the way towards sustainable human presence on the lunar surface.

For the mission, Nokia has also partnered with Intuitive Machines to integrate the groundbreaking network into their lunar lander and deliver it to the lunar surface.

The network will provide critical communication capabilities for many different data transmission applications, including vital command and control functions, remote control of lunar rovers, real-time navigation and streaming of high definition video - while containing power, size and cost.

These communication applications are all vital to long-term human presence on the lunar surface.

The network will self-configure upon deployment and establish the first LTE communications system on the Moon.

Nokia`s lunar network has been specially designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the launch and lunar landing, and to operate in the extreme conditions of space.

This is not the first space collaboration for Nokia`s Bell Labs.

In 1962, Bell Labs and NASA launched into orbit Telstar 1, the first communications satellite capable of relaying TV signals between Europe and North America.

In 1964, Bell Labs researchers and future Nobel laureates, Arno Penzias and Bob Wilson, discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the Big Bang, confirming the now predominant theory on the origins of the universe.

(With inputs from agencies)

 
Indian-origin Nishant Batra working as Chief Strategy and Technology Officer (CSTO) at smartphone maker Nokia is helping NASA to build the first ever cellular network on the Moon.

Batra joined Nokia as CSTO and a member of the Nokia Group Leadership Team in January 2021.

He holds an MBA from INSEAD, a master`s degree in telecommunications and a master`s degree in computer science from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, and a bachelor`s degree in computer applications from Devi Ahilya University in India.

Prior to joining the telecommunications major, Batra worked at Veoneer in Sweden, as Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. He had also spent 12 years at Ericsson holding several positions.

Batra is based in Espoo, Finland, and has lived and worked in Asia, Europe and the US.

At Nokia, Batra`s responsibilities include managing technology architecture and pioneering research at Nokia Bell Labs whose

innovations will be used to build and deploy the first ultra-compact, low-power, space-hardened, end-to-end LTE solution on the lunar surface in late 2022.

NASA is looking to regain its presence on the lunar surface with its uncrewed Artemis mission slated for launch in May this year and crewed mission in 2026.

In October last year, the US space agency selected Nokia as a partner to advance "Tipping Point" technologies for the Moon, deploying the first LTE/4G communications system in space and helping pave the way towards sustainable human presence on the lunar surface.

For the mission, Nokia has also partnered with Intuitive Machines to integrate the groundbreaking network into their lunar lander and deliver it to the lunar surface.

The network will provide critical communication capabilities for many different data transmission applications, including vital command and control functions, remote control of lunar rovers, real-time navigation and streaming of high definition video - while containing power, size and cost.

These communication applications are all vital to long-term human presence on the lunar surface.

The network will self-configure upon deployment and establish the first LTE communications system on the Moon.

Nokia`s lunar network has been specially designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the launch and lunar landing, and to operate in the extreme conditions of space.

This is not the first space collaboration for Nokia`s Bell Labs.

In 1962, Bell Labs and NASA launched into orbit Telstar 1, the first communications satellite capable of relaying TV signals between Europe and North America.

In 1964, Bell Labs researchers and future Nobel laureates, Arno Penzias and Bob Wilson, discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the Big Bang, confirming the now predominant theory on the origins of the universe.

(With inputs from agencies)

Cellular network and wifi is something we take for granted these days. Entire repository of humankind's knowledge or that one TikTok video is literally at our fingertips.

Cellular network and wifi is something we take for granted these days. Entire repository of humankind's knowledge or that one TikTok video is literally at our fingertips. Things have gone ahead so quickly that sometimes it makes us wonder whether there is any new frontier left. But there are plenty. NASA is setting up cellular network on Moon and Indian-origin Nishant Batra is spearheading the effort. Batra is working as Chief Strategy and Technology Officer (CSTO) at smartphone maker Nokia He holds an MBA from INSEAD, a master`s degree in telecommunications and a master`s degree in computer science from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, and a bachelor`s degree in computer applications from Devi Ahilya University in India. Prior to joining the telecommunications major, Batra worked at Veoneer in Sweden, as Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. He had also spent 12 years at Ericsson holding several positions. Batra is based in Espoo, Finland, and has lived and worked in Asia, Europe and the US. At Nokia, Batra`s responsibilities include managing technology architecture and pioneering research at Nokia Bell Labs whose innovations will be used to build and deploy the first ultra-compact, low-power, space-hardened, end-to-end LTE solution on the lunar surface in late 2022. NASA is looking to regain its presence on the lunar surface with its uncrewed Artemis mission slated for launch in May this year and crewed mission in 2026. In October last year, the US space agency selected Nokia as a partner to advance "Tipping Point" technologies for the Moon, deploying the first LTE/4G communications system in space and helping pave the way towards sustainable human presence on the lunar surface. For the mission, Nokia has also partnered with Intuitive Machines to integrate the groundbreaking network into their lunar lander and deliver it to the lunar surface. The network will provide critical communication capabilities for many different data transmission applications, including vital command and control functions, remote control of lunar rovers, real-time navigation and streaming of high definition video - while containing power, size and cost. These communication applications are all vital to long-term human presence on the lunar surface. The network will self-configure upon deployment and establish the first LTE communications system on the Moon. Nokia`s lunar network has been specially designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the launch and lunar landing, and to operate in the extreme conditions of space. This is not the first space collaboration for Nokia`s Bell Labs. In 1962, Bell Labs and NASA launched into orbit Telstar 1, the first communications satellite capable of relaying TV signals between Europe and North America. In 1964, Bell Labs researchers and future Nobel laureates, Arno Penzias and Bob Wilson, discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the Big Bang, confirming the now predominant theory on the origins of the universe. (With inputs from agencies) Indian-origin Nishant Batra working as Chief Strategy and Technology Officer (CSTO) at smartphone maker Nokia is helping NASA to build the first ever cellular network on the Moon. Batra joined Nokia as CSTO and a member of the Nokia Group Leadership Team in January 2021. He holds an MBA from INSEAD, a master`s degree in telecommunications and a master`s degree in computer science from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, and a bachelor`s degree in computer applications from Devi Ahilya University in India. Prior to joining the telecommunications major, Batra worked at Veoneer in Sweden, as Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. He had also spent 12 years at Ericsson holding several positions. Batra is based in Espoo, Finland, and has lived and worked in Asia, Europe and the US. At Nokia, Batra`s responsibilities include managing technology architecture and pioneering research at Nokia Bell Labs whose innovations will be used to build and deploy the first ultra-compact, low-power, space-hardened, end-to-end LTE solution on the lunar surface in late 2022. NASA is looking to regain its presence on the lunar surface with its uncrewed Artemis mission slated for launch in May this year and crewed mission in 2026. In October last year, the US space agency selected Nokia as a partner to advance "Tipping Point" technologies for the Moon, deploying the first LTE/4G communications system in space and helping pave the way towards sustainable human presence on the lunar surface. For the mission, Nokia has also partnered with Intuitive Machines to integrate the groundbreaking network into their lunar lander and deliver it to the lunar surface. The network will provide critical communication capabilities for many different data transmission applications, including vital command and control functions, remote control of lunar rovers, real-time navigation and streaming of high definition video - while containing power, size and cost. These communication applications are all vital to long-term human presence on the lunar surface. The network will self-configure upon deployment and establish the first LTE communications system on the Moon. Nokia`s lunar network has been specially designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the launch and lunar landing, and to operate in the extreme conditions of space. This is not the first space collaboration for Nokia`s Bell Labs. In 1962, Bell Labs and NASA launched into orbit Telstar 1, the first communications satellite capable of relaying TV signals between Europe and North America. In 1964, Bell Labs researchers and future Nobel laureates, Arno Penzias and Bob Wilson, discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the Big Bang, confirming the now predominant theory on the origins of the universe. (With inputs from agencies)

Delhi-born Nishant Batra is helping NASA set up cellular network on Moon

NASA has said that its first crewed Artemis mission will not see a launch before 2026. This notice has come after NASA's notification of &nbsp;delays on Artemis-1 uncrewed flight around the Moon.&nbsp;

The agency indicated last week that it would launch no earlier than May, but even that timeline is in doubt, Space.com reported.

"Given the time needed to develop and test the human landing system and NASA`s next generation spacesuits, we estimate the date for a crewed lunar landing likely to slip to 2026 at the earliest," NASA Inspector General Paul Martin was quoted as saying during a House Space and Aeronautics Subcommittee hearing on Tuesday.

He acknowledged that the 2025 deadline that NASA is aiming for doesn`t appear to be feasible.

Martin said there are challenges that need to be faced, "not the least of which would be getting the human landing system certified to operate spacesuits," along with changes in the agency`s acquisition strategy that is expected to take more time in procuring key technologies "that are not mature".

These factors, he said, "often point to taking longer and [requiring] development to get there. So 2025 is not impossible, but it seems improbable."

According to William Russell, the US Government Accountability Office director of contracting and national security acquisitions, the problem is that NASA is seeking to manage "multiple risks simultaneously" while achieving a tight deadline, the report said.

Russell pointed to factors such as the seven-month delay induced by the HLS disputes, a key change in spacesuit development to pivot the work to a contractor instead of in-house work, and cost growth for the Space Launch System rocket and other key infrastructure required to support a human landing.

NASA, for its part, pointed to unanticipated issues that contributed to cost growth and schedule delays, particularly involving the coronavirus pandemic, which has created supply chain hiccups and personnel challenges due to safety protocols.

"Every bit of work that I`ve mentioned is possible because of the people of NASA and our private sector partners," James Free, the agency`s associate administrator of the exploration systems development mission directorate, was quoted as saying.

 
&nbsp;

NASA has said that its first crewed Artemis mission will not see a launch before 2026. This notice has come after NASA's notification of delays on Artemis-1 uncrewed flight around the Moon.

NASA has said that its first crewed Artemis mission will not see a launch before 2026. This notice has come after NASA's notification of delays on Artemis-1 uncrewed flight around the Moon. The agency indicated last week that it would launch no earlier than May, but even that timeline is in doubt, Space.com reported. "Given the time needed to develop and test the human landing system and NASA`s next generation spacesuits, we estimate the date for a crewed lunar landing likely to slip to 2026 at the earliest," NASA Inspector General Paul Martin was quoted as saying during a House Space and Aeronautics Subcommittee hearing on Tuesday. He acknowledged that the 2025 deadline that NASA is aiming for doesn`t appear to be feasible. Martin said there are challenges that need to be faced, "not the least of which would be getting the human landing system certified to operate spacesuits," along with changes in the agency`s acquisition strategy that is expected to take more time in procuring key technologies "that are not mature". These factors, he said, "often point to taking longer and [requiring] development to get there. So 2025 is not impossible, but it seems improbable." According to William Russell, the US Government Accountability Office director of contracting and national security acquisitions, the problem is that NASA is seeking to manage "multiple risks simultaneously" while achieving a tight deadline, the report said. Russell pointed to factors such as the seven-month delay induced by the HLS disputes, a key change in spacesuit development to pivot the work to a contractor instead of in-house work, and cost growth for the Space Launch System rocket and other key infrastructure required to support a human landing. NASA, for its part, pointed to unanticipated issues that contributed to cost growth and schedule delays, particularly involving the coronavirus pandemic, which has created supply chain hiccups and personnel challenges due to safety protocols. "Every bit of work that I`ve mentioned is possible because of the people of NASA and our private sector partners," James Free, the agency`s associate administrator of the exploration systems development mission directorate, was quoted as saying.

Artemis: NASA's crewed mission delayed till 2026

Russian space agency Roscosmos has ceased joint experiments with Germany on the International Space Station.

"The Russian space program will be adjusted against the backdrop of sanctions, the priority will be the creation of satellites in the interests of defense," Roscosmos said in the tweet.

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⚡ Госкорпорация не будет сотрудничать с Германией по совместным экспериментам на российском сегменте МКС. Роскосмос проведет их самостоятельно. 
 
⚡ Российская космическая программа на фоне санкций будет скорректирована, приоритетом станет создание спутников в интересах обороны. <a href="https://t.co/zl7CRNstGG">https://t.co/zl7CRNstGG</a>
— РОСКОСМОС (@roscosmos) <a href="https://twitter.com/roscosmos/status/1499335245635764224?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 3, 2022</a></blockquote>
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The massive global backlash to Moscow's invasion a week ago has already affected a range of scientific initiatives, including a planned Russian-European mission to land a rover on Mars.

"Offlining the satellites of any country is actually a casus belli, a cause for war," said Roscosmos head Dmitry Rogozin.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-map-1-million-space-objects-that-have-never-been-spotted-before-456863">Also read |&nbsp;Astronomers map 1 million space objects that have never been spotted before</a>

Rogozin also said his agency wanted British-based tech firm OneWeb to provide guarantees that its satellites are not going to be used against Russia.

Without these, Rogozin said Russia will cancel the planned March 4 launch of 36 OneWeb satellites from the Baikonur cosmodrome, which Russia rents from Kazakhstan, without compensating OneWeb

Western sanctions have cut Russia off from many global initiatives over the last week. NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station, long home to both astronauts and cosmonauts, in orbit without Russian help.

Also see |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/international-space-station-humanitys-enduring-presence-in-space-450191" hreflang="en">International Space Station: Humanity's enduring presence in space</a>

The European Space Agency meanwhile said a joint mission using a Russian launcher to land a European rover on Mars was "very unlikely" to take off this year as planned.

The ISS itself was born in part from a foreign policy initiative to improve US-Russian relations following the collapse of the Soviet Union and end of Cold War rivalry that spurred the original US-Soviet space race.

But US-Russian ties have frayed since Russia's 2014 annexation of the Crimea region from Ukraine, prompting Congress to ban new government contracts with US&nbsp;companies using Russian rocket engineers for national security launches after 2022.

After ending its space shuttle program in 2011, the United States began paying Roscosmos to ferry NASA astronauts to and from the space station aboard Soyuz capsules. NASA resumed launching its own crew members from US soil in 2020, even as it continued to hitch some rides on Soyuz.

Even before the Ukraine crisis escalated in recent weeks, US-Russian space cooperation was shaken in mid-November when Russia blasted one of its own defunct surveillance satellites in an unannounced missile test that generated a debris field in low-Earth orbit, threatening the space station.

(With inputs from agencies)

Russian space agency Roscosmos has ceased joint experiments with Germany on the International Space Station. "The Russian space program will be adjusted against the backdrop of sanctions, the priority will be the creation of satellites in the interests of defense," Roscosmos said in the tweet.

Russian space agency Roscosmos has ceased joint experiments with Germany on the International Space Station. "The Russian space program will be adjusted against the backdrop of sanctions, the priority will be the creation of satellites in the interests of defense," Roscosmos said in the tweet. ⚡ Госкорпорация не будет сотрудничать с Германией по совместным экспериментам на российском сегменте МКС. Роскосмос проведет их самостоятельно. ⚡ Российская космическая программа на фоне санкций будет скорректирована, приоритетом станет создание спутников в интересах обороны. https://t.co/zl7CRNstGG — РОСКОСМОС (@roscosmos) March 3, 2022 × The massive global backlash to Moscow's invasion a week ago has already affected a range of scientific initiatives, including a planned Russian-European mission to land a rover on Mars. "Offlining the satellites of any country is actually a casus belli, a cause for war," said Roscosmos head Dmitry Rogozin. Also read | Astronomers map 1 million space objects that have never been spotted before Rogozin also said his agency wanted British-based tech firm OneWeb to provide guarantees that its satellites are not going to be used against Russia. Without these, Rogozin said Russia will cancel the planned March 4 launch of 36 OneWeb satellites from the Baikonur cosmodrome, which Russia rents from Kazakhstan, without compensating OneWeb Western sanctions have cut Russia off from many global initiatives over the last week. NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station, long home to both astronauts and cosmonauts, in orbit without Russian help. Also see | International Space Station: Humanity's enduring presence in space The European Space Agency meanwhile said a joint mission using a Russian launcher to land a European rover on Mars was "very unlikely" to take off this year as planned. The ISS itself was born in part from a foreign policy initiative to improve US-Russian relations following the collapse of the Soviet Union and end of Cold War rivalry that spurred the original US-Soviet space race. But US-Russian ties have frayed since Russia's 2014 annexation of the Crimea region from Ukraine, prompting Congress to ban new government contracts with US companies using Russian rocket engineers for national security launches after 2022. After ending its space shuttle program in 2011, the United States began paying Roscosmos to ferry NASA astronauts to and from the space station aboard Soyuz capsules. NASA resumed launching its own crew members from US soil in 2020, even as it continued to hitch some rides on Soyuz. Even before the Ukraine crisis escalated in recent weeks, US-Russian space cooperation was shaken in mid-November when Russia blasted one of its own defunct surveillance satellites in an unannounced missile test that generated a debris field in low-Earth orbit, threatening the space station. (With inputs from agencies)

Russian space agency Roscosmos ceases joint experiments on International Space Station

On Friday, a wayward rocket stage is due to hit the moon and scientists are preparing to study the impact.

It is expected that the rocket stage will collide with Hertzsprung Crater at 7:25 am EST (1225 GMT) on Friday, March 4.

According to Space.com, the Goldstone Solar System Radar near Barstow, California, will monitor the object.

Similarly, NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) will look for the effects of the crash on the Moon's exosphere - a thin gaseous layer - and later scan the lunar surface for impact craters.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/artemis-nasas-crewed-mission-delayed-till-2026-458714" hreflang="en">Artemis: NASA's crewed mission delayed till 2026</a>

Bill Gray, an astronomer with Project Pluto, first reported the doomed debris. Gray initially claimed that the debris was from Elon Musk's SpaceX rocket, but later predicted that the object was a leftover piece of a Chinese rocket, specifically a Long March 3C that launched China's Chang'e 5-T1 moon mission.

However, China's foreign ministry rejected the claim.

The tumbling rocket body that is moving at more than 5,500 mph (2.5km per second) will plough into the moon's surface at an angle, scattering debris and creating a crater that will measure 20 to 30 metres in diameter (65&nbsp;to 100ft).

The crash will be similar to those that occurred during the Apollo program when the third stages of Saturn V rockets were intentionally steered into the moon.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-a-u-turn-scientists-say-black-hole-on-our-cosmic-doorstep-does-not-exist-458308" hreflang="en">In a U-turn, scientists say black hole on our cosmic doorstep does not exist</a>

Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University in Maryland planetary scientist Jeffrey Plescia explained that moon-smacking projectiles are more or less tin cans in both cases.

"The result is that a lot of the energy goes into crushing the projectile rather than excavating the crater," Plescia was quoted as saying to Inside Outer Space.

Plescia noted that Saturn V's third stages formed craters that are shallower than natural craters and have an asymmetric shape, due mostly to low impact angles.

Watch |&nbsp;Report: A rocket launched by Elon Musk's SpaceX in 2015 is all set to hit the Moon in early March

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/report-a-rocket-launched-by-elon-musks-spacex-in-2015-is-all-set-to-hit-the-moon-in-early-march-447831/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

He explained that pre-impact images have already been taken by LRO's powerful camera system, so crater depth and other crash characteristics will be more reliably measured for the March 4 crash.

"The only uncertainty at the moment is the orientation of the booster with respect to the trajectory. It is spinning, but whether it is just turning in rotisserie mode or tumbling is not clear," Plescia said. "I would hope the Chinese actually know this and would be forthcoming."

(With inputs from agencies)

On Friday, a wayward rocket stage is due to hit the moon and scientists are preparing to study the impact. It is expected that the rocket stage will collide with Hertzsprung Crater at 7:25 am EST (1225 GMT) on Friday, March 4.

On Friday, a wayward rocket stage is due to hit the moon and scientists are preparing to study the impact. It is expected that the rocket stage will collide with Hertzsprung Crater at 7:25 am EST (1225 GMT) on Friday, March 4. According to Space.com, the Goldstone Solar System Radar near Barstow, California, will monitor the object. Similarly, NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) will look for the effects of the crash on the Moon's exosphere - a thin gaseous layer - and later scan the lunar surface for impact craters. Also read | Artemis: NASA's crewed mission delayed till 2026 Bill Gray, an astronomer with Project Pluto, first reported the doomed debris. Gray initially claimed that the debris was from Elon Musk's SpaceX rocket, but later predicted that the object was a leftover piece of a Chinese rocket, specifically a Long March 3C that launched China's Chang'e 5-T1 moon mission. However, China's foreign ministry rejected the claim. The tumbling rocket body that is moving at more than 5,500 mph (2.5km per second) will plough into the moon's surface at an angle, scattering debris and creating a crater that will measure 20 to 30 metres in diameter (65 to 100ft). The crash will be similar to those that occurred during the Apollo program when the third stages of Saturn V rockets were intentionally steered into the moon. Also read | In a U-turn, scientists say black hole on our cosmic doorstep does not exist Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University in Maryland planetary scientist Jeffrey Plescia explained that moon-smacking projectiles are more or less tin cans in both cases. "The result is that a lot of the energy goes into crushing the projectile rather than excavating the crater," Plescia was quoted as saying to Inside Outer Space. Plescia noted that Saturn V's third stages formed craters that are shallower than natural craters and have an asymmetric shape, due mostly to low impact angles. Watch | Report: A rocket launched by Elon Musk's SpaceX in 2015 is all set to hit the Moon in early March He explained that pre-impact images have already been taken by LRO's powerful camera system, so crater depth and other crash characteristics will be more reliably measured for the March 4 crash. "The only uncertainty at the moment is the orientation of the booster with respect to the trajectory. It is spinning, but whether it is just turning in rotisserie mode or tumbling is not clear," Plescia said. "I would hope the Chinese actually know this and would be forthcoming." (With inputs from agencies)

Today, space debris will crash into the moon, and scientists don't have any plans to stop it

Astronomers are developing an ingenious system to pulverise asteroids that they believe is the ''Earth's only chance in a catastrophe.''

"So far, humanity has been spared large-scale catastrophe as was visited upon our previous tenants, but counting upon being 'lucky' is a poor strategy in the longer term," said Professor Philip Lubin from the University of California Santa Barbara.

The experiment will be conducted on Trojan asteroids that can be wanderers in the solar system or material left over from their home planet's formation. They become ensnared by the planetary gravitational grip and subsequently orbit the sun along the same path as that planet.

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In picture: The illustration shows&nbsp;pulverising an incoming impactor into tiny pieces&nbsp;(Lubin/Experimental Cosmology Group, UCSB)

"In short intercept scenarios, the asteroid fragments of maximum ~10-meter [about 33 ft] diameter allow the Earth's atmosphere to act as a 'beam dump' where the fragments either burn up in the atmosphere or air burst, with the primary channel of energy going into spatially and temporally de-correlated shock waves," Lubin said.

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"The effectiveness of the approach depends on the time to intercept and size of the asteroid, but allows for effective defense against asteroids in the multi-hundred-meter diameter class and could virtually eliminate the threat of mass destruction caused by these threats," Lubin explains.

"Compared to other threat reduction scenarios, this approach represents an extremely cost-effective, testable, and deployable approach with a logical roadmap of development and testing. Pre-deployment of the system into orbit or a lunar base allows for rapid response on the order of less than a day if needed," Lubin said.

"The great advantage of this approach is that it allows for terminal defense in the event of short warning times and target distance mitigation where orbital deflection is not feasible," said Lubin.&nbsp;

"Even intercepts as close as the Moon with intercept times of a few hours prior to impact are viable."

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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has also launched a test mission DART spacecraft that they hope will alter an asteroid's trajectory with sheer kinetic force, plowing into it at high speed to nudge the space boulder off course just enough to keep our planet out of harm's way.

The asteroid that DART is aiming for poses no actual threat and is tiny compared with the cataclysmic Chicxulub asteroid that struck Earth some 66 million years ago, leading to extinction of the dinosaurs. But scientists say smaller asteroids are far more common and of greater theoretical concern in the near term.

DART's target is an asteroid "moonlet" the size of a football stadium that orbits a chunk of rock five times larger in a binary asteroid system named Didymos, the Greek word for twin.

The team behind DART, short for Double Asteroid Redirection Test, chose the Didymos system because its relative proximity to Earth and dual-asteroid configuration make it ideal for observing the results of the impact.

The plan is to fly the DART spacecraft directly into the moonlet, called Dimorphos, at 15,000 miles per hour (24,000 kph), bumping it hard enough to shift its orbital track around the larger asteroid.

(With inputs from agencies)

Astronomers are developing an ingenious system to pulverise asteroids that they believe is the ''Earth's only chance in a catastrophe.'' "So far, humanity has been spared large-scale catastrophe as was visited upon our previous tenants, but counting upon being 'lucky' is a poor strategy in the longer term," said Professor Philip Lubin from the University of California Santa Barbara.

Astronomers are developing an ingenious system to pulverise asteroids that they believe is the ''Earth's only chance in a catastrophe.'' "So far, humanity has been spared large-scale catastrophe as was visited upon our previous tenants, but counting upon being 'lucky' is a poor strategy in the longer term," said Professor Philip Lubin from the University of California Santa Barbara. The experiment will be conducted on Trojan asteroids that can be wanderers in the solar system or material left over from their home planet's formation. They become ensnared by the planetary gravitational grip and subsequently orbit the sun along the same path as that planet. In picture: The illustration shows pulverising an incoming impactor into tiny pieces (Lubin/Experimental Cosmology Group, UCSB) "In short intercept scenarios, the asteroid fragments of maximum ~10-meter [about 33 ft] diameter allow the Earth's atmosphere to act as a 'beam dump' where the fragments either burn up in the atmosphere or air burst, with the primary channel of energy going into spatially and temporally de-correlated shock waves," Lubin said. Also see | Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier? "The effectiveness of the approach depends on the time to intercept and size of the asteroid, but allows for effective defense against asteroids in the multi-hundred-meter diameter class and could virtually eliminate the threat of mass destruction caused by these threats," Lubin explains. "Compared to other threat reduction scenarios, this approach represents an extremely cost-effective, testable, and deployable approach with a logical roadmap of development and testing. Pre-deployment of the system into orbit or a lunar base allows for rapid response on the order of less than a day if needed," Lubin said. "The great advantage of this approach is that it allows for terminal defense in the event of short warning times and target distance mitigation where orbital deflection is not feasible," said Lubin. "Even intercepts as close as the Moon with intercept times of a few hours prior to impact are viable." Also read | Mexico to send mini-robots to Moon for soil exploration in scientific first The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has also launched a test mission DART spacecraft that they hope will alter an asteroid's trajectory with sheer kinetic force, plowing into it at high speed to nudge the space boulder off course just enough to keep our planet out of harm's way. The asteroid that DART is aiming for poses no actual threat and is tiny compared with the cataclysmic Chicxulub asteroid that struck Earth some 66 million years ago, leading to extinction of the dinosaurs. But scientists say smaller asteroids are far more common and of greater theoretical concern in the near term. DART's target is an asteroid "moonlet" the size of a football stadium that orbits a chunk of rock five times larger in a binary asteroid system named Didymos, the Greek word for twin. The team behind DART, short for Double Asteroid Redirection Test, chose the Didymos system because its relative proximity to Earth and dual-asteroid configuration make it ideal for observing the results of the impact. The plan is to fly the DART spacecraft directly into the moonlet, called Dimorphos, at 15,000 miles per hour (24,000 kph), bumping it hard enough to shift its orbital track around the larger asteroid. (With inputs from agencies)

'Earth's only chance in catastrophe': Astronomers are developing ingenious system to pulverise asteroids

NASA on Tuesday at 4:38 p.m. EST launched a next-generation weather satellite. This is third in this series of satellites. NASA carried out the launch for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was launched by United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida&nbsp;

Mission managers of the newest Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, GOES-T, confirmed at 8:28 pm that the spacecraft’s solar arrays successfully deployed and the spacecraft was operating on its own power.

“We at NASA are proud to support our joint agency partner, NOAA, and their mission to provide critical data and imagery to forecasters and researchers tracking hazardous weather,” said NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy. “While the GOES-R series satellites’ main job is to help with weather prediction, these satellites produce observations that also help with NASA science. Our agencies’ collaboration brings great benefits toward understanding our planet.”

The satellite will provide constant coverage of weather and hazardous environmental conditions in the Western Hemisphere. in addition to this, the GOES program will also predict space weather near Earth which can interfere with satellite electronics, GPS, and radio communications

"Once GOES-T is positioned in a geostationary orbit 22,300 miles above Earth, it will be renamed GOES-18. Following a successful orbital checkout of its instruments and systems, &nbsp;GOES-18 will go into service over the U.S. West Coast and Pacific Ocean. This position puts it in a key spot where it can observe weather sweeping in from the west to the east over the U.S. – giving forecasters an upstream view of what is coming," said NASA in its press release. 
&nbsp;

NASA on Tuesday at 4:38 p.m. EST launched a next-generation weather satellite. This is third in this series of satellites. NASA carried out the launch for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

NASA on Tuesday at 4:38 p.m. EST launched a next-generation weather satellite. This is third in this series of satellites. NASA carried out the launch for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was launched by United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida Mission managers of the newest Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, GOES-T, confirmed at 8:28 pm that the spacecraft’s solar arrays successfully deployed and the spacecraft was operating on its own power. “We at NASA are proud to support our joint agency partner, NOAA, and their mission to provide critical data and imagery to forecasters and researchers tracking hazardous weather,” said NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy. “While the GOES-R series satellites’ main job is to help with weather prediction, these satellites produce observations that also help with NASA science. Our agencies’ collaboration brings great benefits toward understanding our planet.” The satellite will provide constant coverage of weather and hazardous environmental conditions in the Western Hemisphere. in addition to this, the GOES program will also predict space weather near Earth which can interfere with satellite electronics, GPS, and radio communications "Once GOES-T is positioned in a geostationary orbit 22,300 miles above Earth, it will be renamed GOES-18. Following a successful orbital checkout of its instruments and systems, GOES-18 will go into service over the U.S. West Coast and Pacific Ocean. This position puts it in a key spot where it can observe weather sweeping in from the west to the east over the U.S. – giving forecasters an upstream view of what is coming," said NASA in its press release.

NASA launches next-gen weather satellite

NASA&nbsp;is&nbsp;exploring&nbsp;ways&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;the&nbsp;International Space Station&nbsp;in orbit&nbsp;without&nbsp;Russian&nbsp;help, but doesn't see any immediate signs Moscow is withdrawing from the collaboration following the invasion of Ukraine, a senior&nbsp;official&nbsp;said Monday.

Kathy Lueders, who heads the agency's human spaceflight program, told reporters on a call that operations on the research platform were proceeding "nominally" and "we're not getting&nbsp;any&nbsp;indications at a working level that our counterparts are not committed."

"That said, we always look for how do we get more operational flexibility and our cargo providers are looking at how do we add different capabilities," she continued.

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While the US side of the ISS supplies power and life support, Russia is responsible for propulsion and keeping the&nbsp;station&nbsp;afloat: it does this by using docked Progress spacecraft to periodically give the&nbsp;station&nbsp;a boost to maintain its altitude, approximately 250 miles (400 kilometers) high.&nbsp;

Last week, though, Russia's&nbsp;space&nbsp;chief Dmitry Rogozin raised the prospect of pulling out of the partnership in response to US sanctions, allowing the 400 ton structure to come crashing down to Earth while most likely avoiding his country, since its&nbsp;orbit&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;fly much over it.

Lueders said: "Northrop Grumman has been offering up a reboost capability, and you know, our SpaceX folks are looking at can we have additional capability."

The last Northrop Grumman Cygnus cargo vessel that arrived at the ISS on February 21 was the first to boast a capacity to "reboost" the outpost&nbsp;without&nbsp;Russian&nbsp;help.

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On Friday, SpaceX boss Elon Musk tweeted his company's logo in response to Rogozin's rhetorical question about who would save the ISS&nbsp;from&nbsp;an uncontrolled de-orbit.

But Lueders stressed that such plans were a contingency measure only.&nbsp;

"It would be very difficult for us to be operating on our own -- ISS is an&nbsp;international&nbsp;partnership that was created...with joint dependencies," she said.

"As a team, we are looking at where we may have operational flexibilities, but... it would be a sad day for&nbsp;international&nbsp;operations if we can't&nbsp;continue to peacefully operate in&nbsp;space," she concluded.

Watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: A NASA spacecraft has reached the sun

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-a-nasa-spacecraft-has-reached-the-sun-437230/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

A symbol of post Cold War detente, the ISS has been continuously habited for more than 21 years and has weathered past geopolitical storms, notably Russia's&nbsp;invasion&nbsp;of Crimea in 2014. But some observers believe the&nbsp;invasion&nbsp;of&nbsp;Ukraine&nbsp;could hasten the demise of US-Russian&nbsp;space&nbsp;cooperation.

NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station in orbit without Russian help, but doesn't see any immediate signs Moscow is withdrawing from the collaboration following the invasion of Ukraine, a senior official said Monday.

NASA is exploring ways to keep the International Space Station in orbit without Russian help, but doesn't see any immediate signs Moscow is withdrawing from the collaboration following the invasion of Ukraine, a senior official said Monday. Kathy Lueders, who heads the agency's human spaceflight program, told reporters on a call that operations on the research platform were proceeding "nominally" and "we're not getting any indications at a working level that our counterparts are not committed." "That said, we always look for how do we get more operational flexibility and our cargo providers are looking at how do we add different capabilities," she continued. Also read | New artificial intelligence model shows hidden turbulence in Sun's atmosphere While the US side of the ISS supplies power and life support, Russia is responsible for propulsion and keeping the station afloat: it does this by using docked Progress spacecraft to periodically give the station a boost to maintain its altitude, approximately 250 miles (400 kilometers) high. Last week, though, Russia's space chief Dmitry Rogozin raised the prospect of pulling out of the partnership in response to US sanctions, allowing the 400 ton structure to come crashing down to Earth while most likely avoiding his country, since its orbit doesn't fly much over it. Lueders said: "Northrop Grumman has been offering up a reboost capability, and you know, our SpaceX folks are looking at can we have additional capability." The last Northrop Grumman Cygnus cargo vessel that arrived at the ISS on February 21 was the first to boast a capacity to "reboost" the outpost without Russian help. Also read | NASA's Curiosity rover captures image of mineral 'flower' on Mars On Friday, SpaceX boss Elon Musk tweeted his company's logo in response to Rogozin's rhetorical question about who would save the ISS from an uncontrolled de-orbit. But Lueders stressed that such plans were a contingency measure only. "It would be very difficult for us to be operating on our own -- ISS is an international partnership that was created...with joint dependencies," she said. "As a team, we are looking at where we may have operational flexibilities, but... it would be a sad day for international operations if we can't continue to peacefully operate in space," she concluded. Watch | Gravitas: A NASA spacecraft has reached the sun A symbol of post Cold War detente, the ISS has been continuously habited for more than 21 years and has weathered past geopolitical storms, notably Russia's invasion of Crimea in 2014. But some observers believe the invasion of Ukraine could hasten the demise of US-Russian space cooperation.

NASA exploring ways to keep International Space Station afloat without Russia

NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity has captured an image of a tiny and delicate mineral 'flower' on Mars.

“We’re finding things on Mars that are tantalizingly interesting, but we would really need more evidence to say we’ve identified life,” said Paul Mahaffy, who served as the principal investigator of the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) chemistry lab aboard Curiosity.

“So we’re looking at what else could have caused the carbon signature we’re seeing, if not life.”

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The object found by NASA is a mineral formation, with delicate structures that formed by minerals precipitating from water.

“The hardest thing is letting go of Earth and letting go of that bias that we have and really trying to get into the fundamentals of the chemistry, physics, and environmental processes on Mars,” said Goddard astrobiologist Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, who participated in the study.

“We need to open our minds and think outside the box,” Eigenbrode said, “and that’s what this paper does.”

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Unlike Earth, Mars doesn’t have a magnetic field to shield it from the high-energy particles whizzing around in space. That radiation can wreak havoc on human health, and it can seriously compromise the life support systems that Mars astronauts will depend on, as well.

Based on data from Curiosity’s Radiation Assessment Detector researchers are finding that using natural materials such as the rock and sediment on Mars could offer some protection from this ever-present space radiation.&nbsp;

The 1-tonne rover touched down inside an ancient impact basin in August 2012. It quickly discovered a region inside the Gale Crater landing site that was chemically and geologically suited for the same kind of rock-eating microbes commonly found on Earth. 
&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity has captured an image of a tiny and delicate mineral 'flower' on Mars. “We’re finding things on Mars that are tantalizingly interesting, but we would really need more evidence to say we’ve identified life,” said Paul Mahaffy, who served as the principal investigator of the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) chemistry lab aboard Curiosity.

NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity has captured an image of a tiny and delicate mineral 'flower' on Mars. “We’re finding things on Mars that are tantalizingly interesting, but we would really need more evidence to say we’ve identified life,” said Paul Mahaffy, who served as the principal investigator of the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) chemistry lab aboard Curiosity. “So we’re looking at what else could have caused the carbon signature we’re seeing, if not life.” Also read | Astronomers map 1 million space objects that have never been spotted before The object found by NASA is a mineral formation, with delicate structures that formed by minerals precipitating from water. “The hardest thing is letting go of Earth and letting go of that bias that we have and really trying to get into the fundamentals of the chemistry, physics, and environmental processes on Mars,” said Goddard astrobiologist Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, who participated in the study. “We need to open our minds and think outside the box,” Eigenbrode said, “and that’s what this paper does.” Also see | Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier? Unlike Earth, Mars doesn’t have a magnetic field to shield it from the high-energy particles whizzing around in space. That radiation can wreak havoc on human health, and it can seriously compromise the life support systems that Mars astronauts will depend on, as well. Based on data from Curiosity’s Radiation Assessment Detector researchers are finding that using natural materials such as the rock and sediment on Mars could offer some protection from this ever-present space radiation. The 1-tonne rover touched down inside an ancient impact basin in August 2012. It quickly discovered a region inside the Gale Crater landing site that was chemically and geologically suited for the same kind of rock-eating microbes commonly found on Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Curiosity rover captures image of mineral 'flower' on Mars

The wide, open Universe is filled with frenzied activity. Collisions of galaxies are one of the oft-seen phenomena. The idea of galaxies, comprising billions of stars, colliding with another galaxy appears horrific to imagine. We may think of loud boom, bangs just like in the movies.

But such collisions are often less eventful than universe-shattering drama we imagine in our minds. But there is a lot of tug-of-war involved when two galaxies collide. And depending upon which one packs more punch, a single galaxy may emerge victorious or the mishmash of stellar material may give rise to a wholly new galaxy.

But what&nbsp;Hubble Space Telescope has clicked has puzzled the scientists. A head-on collision of two galaxies has formed a weird-looking triangle shape&nbsp;in space.

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So meet our two contenders in the ring. On the right in a spiral galaxy named NGC 2445. On the left is another spiral galaxy but with a name NGC 2445. Both of these galaxies are colliding. By the looks of it, scientists say that NGC 2444 (galaxy in left corner) is winning the tug-of-war and drawing material out of the right-hand side galaxy.

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This has caused newly minted stars from the right-hand side galaxy to leave their places and get arranged in a starnge triangle shape. The triangle is still witnessing a star-birthing frenzy because the right-hand side galaxy has a lot of gas, a necessary fuel needed for birth of new stars.

But what puzzles the scientist is the triangle formed by the stars moving towards the right-hand side galaxy.

Astronomer Julianne Dalcanton of the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics in New York was quoted by NASA when he said that star-formation rings are formed quite commonly at the time of collisions between two galaxies. But this particular collision does not depict a 'ring' but a star-forming triangle. This,&nbsp;in her opinion, is 'weird'.

The wide, open Universe is filled with frenzied activity. Collisions of galaxies are one of the oft-seen phenomena. The idea of galaxies, comprising billions of stars, colliding with another galaxy appears horrific to imagine.

The wide, open Universe is filled with frenzied activity. Collisions of galaxies are one of the oft-seen phenomena. The idea of galaxies, comprising billions of stars, colliding with another galaxy appears horrific to imagine. We may think of loud boom, bangs just like in the movies. But such collisions are often less eventful than universe-shattering drama we imagine in our minds. But there is a lot of tug-of-war involved when two galaxies collide. And depending upon which one packs more punch, a single galaxy may emerge victorious or the mishmash of stellar material may give rise to a wholly new galaxy. But what Hubble Space Telescope has clicked has puzzled the scientists. A head-on collision of two galaxies has formed a weird-looking triangle shape in space. Also Read | Asteroid with three moons of its own found for the first time So meet our two contenders in the ring. On the right in a spiral galaxy named NGC 2445. On the left is another spiral galaxy but with a name NGC 2445. Both of these galaxies are colliding. By the looks of it, scientists say that NGC 2444 (galaxy in left corner) is winning the tug-of-war and drawing material out of the right-hand side galaxy. Also Read | Astronomers believe liquid jewels rain on this sizzling exoplanet that has metal vapour clouds This has caused newly minted stars from the right-hand side galaxy to leave their places and get arranged in a starnge triangle shape. The triangle is still witnessing a star-birthing frenzy because the right-hand side galaxy has a lot of gas, a necessary fuel needed for birth of new stars. But what puzzles the scientist is the triangle formed by the stars moving towards the right-hand side galaxy. Astronomer Julianne Dalcanton of the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics in New York was quoted by NASA when he said that star-formation rings are formed quite commonly at the time of collisions between two galaxies. But this particular collision does not depict a 'ring' but a star-forming triangle. This, in her opinion, is 'weird'.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope clicks colliding galaxies forming a strange space triangle

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) informed that Cygnus spacecraft installation on the International Space Station (ISS) is now complete. The live stream of the same was also available.&nbsp;

The US-based space agency NASA informed that the Cygnus spacecraft, built by Northrop Grumman, was launched atop an Antares rocket at 12:40 pm EST on Saturday (February 19) from its Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia.&nbsp;

Around 4:44 am, NASA astronauts Raja Chari and Kayla Barron captured Cygnus, which carried over 3.7 tonnes of research, hardware and science experiments to the ISS.&nbsp;

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NASA mentioned the key areas of space station research which is facilitated by this mission as a study will pe performed that will examine the effects of a drug on breast and prostate cancer cells.&nbsp;

One of the most highlighted aspects of the mission is to test hydroponic and aeroponic techniques for plant growth. It will allow scientists to observe root growth through video and still images.

Apart from that, an investigation from Colgate-Palmolive will also be done to understand the acceleration of skin ageing in microgravity.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/raw-vegetables-alone-may-not-protect-you-from-heart-diseases-455152">Raw vegetables alone may not protect you from heart diseases</a>

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Success! The S.S. Piers Sellers is now attached to the <a href="https://twitter.com/Space_Station?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Space_Station</a>. Astronauts will unload <a href="https://twitter.com/ISS_Research?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ISS_Research</a>, snacks, and supplies from <a href="https://twitter.com/northropgrumman?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NorthropGrumman</a>'s <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Cygnus?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Cygnus</a> spacecraft. Here's what's on board: <a href="https://t.co/aChAP8QWox">https://t.co/aChAP8QWox</a> <a href="https://t.co/MZ0mLv79u2">pic.twitter.com/MZ0mLv79u2</a>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1495733441542995972?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 21, 2022</a></blockquote>
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The mission also includes a new combustion facility, testing of new hydrogen sensors for the space station’s oxygen generation system.&nbsp;

Astronauts will also analyse whether the demonstration of a lithium-ion secondary battery is capable of safe, stable operation under extreme temperatures and in a vacuum environment.&nbsp;

NASA stated that Cygnus will remain at the space station until May before it deploys CubeSats.&nbsp;

After that, it will dispose of several thousand pounds of trash during its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, which will result in its destruction.&nbsp;

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) informed that Cygnus spacecraft installation on the International Space Station (ISS) is now complete. The live stream of the same was also available.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) informed that Cygnus spacecraft installation on the International Space Station (ISS) is now complete. The live stream of the same was also available. The US-based space agency NASA informed that the Cygnus spacecraft, built by Northrop Grumman, was launched atop an Antares rocket at 12:40 pm EST on Saturday (February 19) from its Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Around 4:44 am, NASA astronauts Raja Chari and Kayla Barron captured Cygnus, which carried over 3.7 tonnes of research, hardware and science experiments to the ISS. ALSO READ | 'Breakthrough in Physics': Artificial Intelligence successfully controls plasma in nuclear fusion experiment NASA mentioned the key areas of space station research which is facilitated by this mission as a study will pe performed that will examine the effects of a drug on breast and prostate cancer cells. One of the most highlighted aspects of the mission is to test hydroponic and aeroponic techniques for plant growth. It will allow scientists to observe root growth through video and still images. Apart from that, an investigation from Colgate-Palmolive will also be done to understand the acceleration of skin ageing in microgravity. ALSO READ | Raw vegetables alone may not protect you from heart diseases Success! The S.S. Piers Sellers is now attached to the @Space_Station. Astronauts will unload @ISS_Research, snacks, and supplies from @NorthropGrumman's #Cygnus spacecraft. Here's what's on board: https://t.co/aChAP8QWox pic.twitter.com/MZ0mLv79u2 — NASA (@NASA) February 21, 2022 × The mission also includes a new combustion facility, testing of new hydrogen sensors for the space station’s oxygen generation system. Astronauts will also analyse whether the demonstration of a lithium-ion secondary battery is capable of safe, stable operation under extreme temperatures and in a vacuum environment. NASA stated that Cygnus will remain at the space station until May before it deploys CubeSats. After that, it will dispose of several thousand pounds of trash during its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, which will result in its destruction.

Watch: Growing plants without soil and other experiments astronauts will do in space

The crowds that cheered the astronaut — about a quarter-million in Washington, four million in New York — adorned themselves in numerous ways. Some wore space helmets fashioned from cardboard and plastic. Others, less showily, wore buttons proclaiming John Glenn “the New Frontier man of the year,” a nod to John F. Kennedy’s famous phrase. Sixty years ago, Glenn became the first American to orbit Earth, opening up the frontier of human exploration in space — a frontier that stretched to the moon and beyond. The flight of Friendship 7 made it all seem possible.

Glenn’s feat marked the start of a spectacular decade: spacewalks, trips around the moon, six lunar landings. Then the frontier receded. Since 1972, no human being has ventured outside Earth’s orbit. A generation has reached middle age without any memory of Americans on the moon.

That could change soon. If NASA’s plan holds, its Artemis program will land the first woman and the first person of color on the moon in 2025. And this, NASA says, is just the beginning. The agency envisions at least 10 lunar landings. Its administrator, Bill Nelson, is waging a campaign to beat other nations in placing “boots on the moon” — not just boots but also, in time, a base. And “the sooner we get to the moon,” NASA has said, “the sooner we get American astronauts to Mars.”

But why bother? There is certainly much of interest on Mars — NASA’s newest rover, Perseverance, and its companion, the tiny helicopter Ingenuity, have made that clearer than ever. What is less evident is the role, the value, of human explorers. To most Americans, machines seem sufficient to the task. A Morning Consult poll last year showed a general interest in space exploration but not in having humans do the exploring.

In 1961, when Kennedy proposed to send Americans to the moon, a senator warned that the administration had “a lot of missionary work” to do. That is surely the case today. Mr. Nelson has been making a persistent pitch for funding, but Congress appears unpersuaded. President Biden, for his part, has signaled support for Artemis but is more focused on the nation’s commercial and military capabilities in space, as well as the vantage point that space provides to observe climate change. Vice President Kamala Harris, the chair of the National Space Council, rarely mentions human spaceflight, stressing instead “the responsibility to look to our home planet.”

And reasonably so. Our planet has plenty to worry about, not least the damage we do to its atmosphere. But there is an argument to be made for the human exploration of space — a better argument, at least, than the White House and NASA have put forward. If the administration fails to sharpen and press its case, if it shies from insisting that humans, not just our inventions, should roam the heavens, the United States will likely cede the moon — and a good deal more than that — to more determined competitors.

Chief among them is China. Its goal is plain: to become a “great space power,” as President Xi Jinping has said. China’s Mars rover, arriving on the heels of our own, has been an impressive success; China also has a probe on the far side of the moon — a first for any nation. Its space station is nearly complete, while the International Space Station, after more than two decades orbiting Earth, approaches obsolescence and NASA turns to private companies to build and run its successors. Like the United States, China hopes to build a research station on the lunar surface. Unlike the United States, China gives no reason to doubt its resolve. It will also have a partner: Russia. The two countries have already begun to align their efforts.

Mr. Nelson cites an “aggressive” China as a reason for Americans to “get off our duff,” but a few national security questions require a fuller airing. What if, for example, China stakes out strategic positions on the moon? What if it asserts control over the resources it and other nations are searching for there: silicon, titanium and, not least, the water that is needed to sustain a human settlement? As Namrata Goswami, an expert on China’s space policy, has argued, “An advantage in accessing the vast wealth of the inner solar system could have an effect on the balance of power” on Earth.

If anyone is as bullish on the new frontier as China, it is the billionaires. Their ambitions, too, should spur NASA to stay in the game. Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk might or might not be visionaries, but they are easily the most powerful people on this planet to speak with a straight face about colonizing other ones. Mr. Musk warns of an “extinction event” that will require us to leave Earth behind. There is a certain egalitarianism in the idea of an escape hatch for humanity, though it is the egalitarianism of rats leaving a sinking (or overheating) ship. It would have to get pretty bad down here before ordinary people follow the billionaires into the black void of space rather than bid them adieu. Mr. Musk’s product placement of a Tesla in orbit and Mr. Bezos’ postflight performance in his cowboy hat leave one wary of their motives and nostalgic for the military bearing of Glenn. If space travel lost its novelty in the early 1970s, it might now be in the process of losing its dignity.

Of course, this takes nothing away from the achievements of Mr. Musk’s aerospace company, SpaceX. Rarely in any industry has such boldness of imagination been matched by such brilliance in execution. The company is an indispensable partner to NASA; a SpaceX landing system will carry astronauts to and from the moon’s surface.

But there is an essential difference between exploration and colonization, and both are a far cry from commercialization. Left to the billionaires, space is less likely to become a haven for humanity than a playground for its wealthiest members. In that event, there will be no more John Glenns — no more astronauts to look up to and emulate, astronauts whose humility and awe in the vastness of space define them as much as their bravery does.

“The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not,” Kennedy said in 1962 at Rice University, warning that “no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.” Perhaps this logic has lost its power; perhaps Americans don’t care if the billionaires and China have the moon to themselves. The idea of space as a new frontier, too, might be tired, overworked. (During the Super Bowl, a Salesforce ad dismissed it with an “Eh.”) But the thrilling discoveries by Perseverance — the evidence of ancient Martian river deltas and lava flows — give eloquent testimony to the mysteries that await on the frontier. Robots like these are stunningly capable. Still, they cannot invent or imagine; they cannot drive the process of discovery in space any more than they do here on Earth. Only humans can lead, and to lead, humans must go.

Science “is simply the exploration of the unknown,” James Head, a planetary geologist at Brown who helped train the Apollo astronauts, told me, adding that “the moon is unknown. Mars is unknown.” Perhaps this is what NASA should say, and without apology: We don’t know what we’ll find. We don’t know what the moon and Mars can tell us about the origins of the universe and life on Earth and possibly beyond it. And that, above all, is the reason for going. Six days after his return to Earth, Glenn addressed a joint meeting of Congress. “What benefits are we gaining from the money spent?” he asked, acknowledging that it was too early to say. “But exploration and the pursuit of knowledge,” he said, “have always paid dividends in the long run — usually far greater than anything expected at the outset.” Why bother? This is why.

The crowds that cheered the astronaut — about a quarter-million in Washington, four million in New York — adorned themselves in numerous ways. Some wore space helmets fashioned from cardboard and plastic.

The crowds that cheered the astronaut — about a quarter-million in Washington, four million in New York — adorned themselves in numerous ways. Some wore space helmets fashioned from cardboard and plastic. Others, less showily, wore buttons proclaiming John Glenn “the New Frontier man of the year,” a nod to John F. Kennedy’s famous phrase. Sixty years ago, Glenn became the first American to orbit Earth, opening up the frontier of human exploration in space — a frontier that stretched to the moon and beyond. The flight of Friendship 7 made it all seem possible. Glenn’s feat marked the start of a spectacular decade: spacewalks, trips around the moon, six lunar landings. Then the frontier receded. Since 1972, no human being has ventured outside Earth’s orbit. A generation has reached middle age without any memory of Americans on the moon. That could change soon. If NASA’s plan holds, its Artemis program will land the first woman and the first person of color on the moon in 2025. And this, NASA says, is just the beginning. The agency envisions at least 10 lunar landings. Its administrator, Bill Nelson, is waging a campaign to beat other nations in placing “boots on the moon” — not just boots but also, in time, a base. And “the sooner we get to the moon,” NASA has said, “the sooner we get American astronauts to Mars.” But why bother? There is certainly much of interest on Mars — NASA’s newest rover, Perseverance, and its companion, the tiny helicopter Ingenuity, have made that clearer than ever. What is less evident is the role, the value, of human explorers. To most Americans, machines seem sufficient to the task. A Morning Consult poll last year showed a general interest in space exploration but not in having humans do the exploring. In 1961, when Kennedy proposed to send Americans to the moon, a senator warned that the administration had “a lot of missionary work” to do. That is surely the case today. Mr. Nelson has been making a persistent pitch for funding, but Congress appears unpersuaded. President Biden, for his part, has signaled support for Artemis but is more focused on the nation’s commercial and military capabilities in space, as well as the vantage point that space provides to observe climate change. Vice President Kamala Harris, the chair of the National Space Council, rarely mentions human spaceflight, stressing instead “the responsibility to look to our home planet.” And reasonably so. Our planet has plenty to worry about, not least the damage we do to its atmosphere. But there is an argument to be made for the human exploration of space — a better argument, at least, than the White House and NASA have put forward. If the administration fails to sharpen and press its case, if it shies from insisting that humans, not just our inventions, should roam the heavens, the United States will likely cede the moon — and a good deal more than that — to more determined competitors. Chief among them is China. Its goal is plain: to become a “great space power,” as President Xi Jinping has said. China’s Mars rover, arriving on the heels of our own, has been an impressive success; China also has a probe on the far side of the moon — a first for any nation. Its space station is nearly complete, while the International Space Station, after more than two decades orbiting Earth, approaches obsolescence and NASA turns to private companies to build and run its successors. Like the United States, China hopes to build a research station on the lunar surface. Unlike the United States, China gives no reason to doubt its resolve. It will also have a partner: Russia. The two countries have already begun to align their efforts. Mr. Nelson cites an “aggressive” China as a reason for Americans to “get off our duff,” but a few national security questions require a fuller airing. What if, for example, China stakes out strategic positions on the moon? What if it asserts control over the resources it and other nations are searching for there: silicon, titanium and, not least, the water that is needed to sustain a human settlement? As Namrata Goswami, an expert on China’s space policy, has argued, “An advantage in accessing the vast wealth of the inner solar system could have an effect on the balance of power” on Earth. If anyone is as bullish on the new frontier as China, it is the billionaires. Their ambitions, too, should spur NASA to stay in the game. Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk might or might not be visionaries, but they are easily the most powerful people on this planet to speak with a straight face about colonizing other ones. Mr. Musk warns of an “extinction event” that will require us to leave Earth behind. There is a certain egalitarianism in the idea of an escape hatch for humanity, though it is the egalitarianism of rats leaving a sinking (or overheating) ship. It would have to get pretty bad down here before ordinary people follow the billionaires into the black void of space rather than bid them adieu. Mr. Musk’s product placement of a Tesla in orbit and Mr. Bezos’ postflight performance in his cowboy hat leave one wary of their motives and nostalgic for the military bearing of Glenn. If space travel lost its novelty in the early 1970s, it might now be in the process of losing its dignity. Of course, this takes nothing away from the achievements of Mr. Musk’s aerospace company, SpaceX. Rarely in any industry has such boldness of imagination been matched by such brilliance in execution. The company is an indispensable partner to NASA; a SpaceX landing system will carry astronauts to and from the moon’s surface. But there is an essential difference between exploration and colonization, and both are a far cry from commercialization. Left to the billionaires, space is less likely to become a haven for humanity than a playground for its wealthiest members. In that event, there will be no more John Glenns — no more astronauts to look up to and emulate, astronauts whose humility and awe in the vastness of space define them as much as their bravery does. “The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not,” Kennedy said in 1962 at Rice University, warning that “no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.” Perhaps this logic has lost its power; perhaps Americans don’t care if the billionaires and China have the moon to themselves. The idea of space as a new frontier, too, might be tired, overworked. (During the Super Bowl, a Salesforce ad dismissed it with an “Eh.”) But the thrilling discoveries by Perseverance — the evidence of ancient Martian river deltas and lava flows — give eloquent testimony to the mysteries that await on the frontier. Robots like these are stunningly capable. Still, they cannot invent or imagine; they cannot drive the process of discovery in space any more than they do here on Earth. Only humans can lead, and to lead, humans must go. Science “is simply the exploration of the unknown,” James Head, a planetary geologist at Brown who helped train the Apollo astronauts, told me, adding that “the moon is unknown. Mars is unknown.” Perhaps this is what NASA should say, and without apology: We don’t know what we’ll find. We don’t know what the moon and Mars can tell us about the origins of the universe and life on Earth and possibly beyond it. And that, above all, is the reason for going. Six days after his return to Earth, Glenn addressed a joint meeting of Congress. “What benefits are we gaining from the money spent?” he asked, acknowledging that it was too early to say. “But exploration and the pursuit of knowledge,” he said, “have always paid dividends in the long run — usually far greater than anything expected at the outset.” Why bother? This is why.

Don’t cede the Space Race to China and the billionaires

One year on Mars: Here are milestones achieved by NASA's Perseverance rover

Yes, you read that correctly.

It is now possible to reach Mars&nbsp;in as little as 45 days, which is nothing short of a science enthusiast's dream.&nbsp;

According to Canadian engineers, a laser-based technology for reaching Mars might drastically reduce the time it takes to reach the Red Planet.

At current rates, it would take around 500 days for a person to reach Mars, according to NASA projections.

However, engineers at McGill University in Canada claim to have created a "laser-thermal propulsion" technology that employs lasers to heat hydrogen fuel and claims to decrease journey time by half to 45 days.&nbsp;

The US space agency wants to send a crew to Mars in the mid-to-late 2030s, around the same time China plans to place humans on the Red Planet.&nbsp; 
 
Watch: One year since Perseverance rover landed on Mars

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/one-year-since-perseverance-rover-landed-on-mars-453885/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

It's called "directed-energy propulsion" because it uses enormous lasers shot from Earth to transmit power to photovoltaic panels aboard a spacecraft, which generate electricity and thrust.

While near Earth, the spacecraft accelerates rapidly, then races toward Mars during the next month, releasing the main vehicle to land on Mars and returning the rest to Earth to be recycled for the next launch.

Reaching Mars in six weeks was previously thought to be conceivable only with nuclear-powered rockets, which pose greater radiation hazards.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Yes, you read that correctly. It is now possible to reach Mars in as little as 45 days, which is nothing short of a science enthusiast's dream. According to Canadian engineers, a laser-based technology for reaching Mars might drastically reduce the time it takes to reach the Red Planet.

Yes, you read that correctly. It is now possible to reach Mars in as little as 45 days, which is nothing short of a science enthusiast's dream. According to Canadian engineers, a laser-based technology for reaching Mars might drastically reduce the time it takes to reach the Red Planet. At current rates, it would take around 500 days for a person to reach Mars, according to NASA projections. However, engineers at McGill University in Canada claim to have created a "laser-thermal propulsion" technology that employs lasers to heat hydrogen fuel and claims to decrease journey time by half to 45 days. The US space agency wants to send a crew to Mars in the mid-to-late 2030s, around the same time China plans to place humans on the Red Planet. Watch: One year since Perseverance rover landed on Mars It's called "directed-energy propulsion" because it uses enormous lasers shot from Earth to transmit power to photovoltaic panels aboard a spacecraft, which generate electricity and thrust. While near Earth, the spacecraft accelerates rapidly, then races toward Mars during the next month, releasing the main vehicle to land on Mars and returning the rest to Earth to be recycled for the next launch. Reaching Mars in six weeks was previously thought to be conceivable only with nuclear-powered rockets, which pose greater radiation hazards. (With inputs from agencies)

Earth to Mars in just 45 days: New tech promises shorter trip to red planet

In space, fire behaves differently; changes in gravity and air flow can alter its spread and make extinguishing it more difficult.&nbsp;

Exactly how do engineers build fire-resistant homes on the Moon, where only 12 people have walked, or on Mars, where no one has even been? How do they research flammability in these unknown or little-known environments?

Here's how they plan to do it.

As part of Northrop Grumman's 17th cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station, NASA's Solid Fuel Ignition and Extinction project (SoFIE) will conduct experiments that will shed light on fire in space.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-worst-is-yet-to-come-study-finds-that-omicron-is-10-times-better-than-delta-at-evading-covid-vaccines-454212" hreflang="en">'The worst is yet to come': Study finds that Omicron is 10 times better than Delta at evading Covid vaccines</a>

SoFIE will run in a chamber inside the station's Combustion Integrated Rack, which features a safe chamber for burning experiments.

“With NASA planning outposts on other planetary bodies like the Moon and Mars, we need to be able to live there with minimal risk,” said Paul Ferkul, SoFIE project scientist at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland. “Understanding how flames spread and how materials burn in different environments is crucial for the safety of future astronauts.”

NASA will use the results of this experiment to select materials and designs for spacesuits, cabins, and habitats.&nbsp;

As NASA prepares to go farther and stay longer in space, the experiments will also enable it to identify the best ways to extinguish fires or smoldering materials while in space.&nbsp;

To demonstrate flame growth, decay, and extinction in space, a preliminary test called Burning and Suppression of Solids (BASS) burned a synthetic resin on the space station several years ago.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-to-mars-in-just-45-days-new-tech-promises-shorter-trip-to-red-planet-454135" hreflang="en">Earth to Mars in just 45 days: New tech promises shorter trip to red planet</a>

"On Earth, gravity has a profound influence on flames, but in the reduced gravity of space, fire can behave unexpectedly and could be more hazardous,” Ferkul said.

Scientists can study flames in the station's unique microgravity environment, where they are free from the effects of gravity. Data from the experiment, which cannot be collected on Earth, can then be used to develop mathematical models that predict how those materials would burn on the moon, Mars, or anywhere else.&nbsp;

“SoFIE builds on NASA’s prior flammability research,” said Lauren Brown, a project manager at Glenn. “Like other flame studies, this research will home in on how things ignite, burn, and are extinguished in space. It will provide a foundation for continuing human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit.”

The SoFIE project consists of five investigations that examine the flammability of plexiglass, cotton-based fabrics, and other materials commonly used in space flight.

Watch |&nbsp;SpaceX's Elon Musk shares simulation video 'Starship to Mars' depicting his plans for the red planet

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/spacexs-elon-musk-shares-simulation-video-starship-to-mars-depicting-his-plans-for-the-red-planet-454103/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

SoFIE is intended to study fire safety in spacecraft, but data from the experiments could also be used to improve fire safety on Earth. Data collected from the study will contribute to the body of knowledge that could be used to improve screening tests for materials that are fire safe for the home, office, aircraft, or other uses.

The experiments will be operational until November 2025, during which time NASA may accept proposals for additional experiments.

In space, fire behaves differently; changes in gravity and air flow can alter its spread and make extinguishing it more difficult. Exactly how do engineers build fire-resistant homes on the Moon, where only 12 people have walked, or on Mars, where no one has even been?

In space, fire behaves differently; changes in gravity and air flow can alter its spread and make extinguishing it more difficult. Exactly how do engineers build fire-resistant homes on the Moon, where only 12 people have walked, or on Mars, where no one has even been? How do they research flammability in these unknown or little-known environments? Here's how they plan to do it. As part of Northrop Grumman's 17th cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station, NASA's Solid Fuel Ignition and Extinction project (SoFIE) will conduct experiments that will shed light on fire in space. Also read | 'The worst is yet to come': Study finds that Omicron is 10 times better than Delta at evading Covid vaccines SoFIE will run in a chamber inside the station's Combustion Integrated Rack, which features a safe chamber for burning experiments. “With NASA planning outposts on other planetary bodies like the Moon and Mars, we need to be able to live there with minimal risk,” said Paul Ferkul, SoFIE project scientist at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland. “Understanding how flames spread and how materials burn in different environments is crucial for the safety of future astronauts.” NASA will use the results of this experiment to select materials and designs for spacesuits, cabins, and habitats. As NASA prepares to go farther and stay longer in space, the experiments will also enable it to identify the best ways to extinguish fires or smoldering materials while in space. To demonstrate flame growth, decay, and extinction in space, a preliminary test called Burning and Suppression of Solids (BASS) burned a synthetic resin on the space station several years ago. Also read | Earth to Mars in just 45 days: New tech promises shorter trip to red planet "On Earth, gravity has a profound influence on flames, but in the reduced gravity of space, fire can behave unexpectedly and could be more hazardous,” Ferkul said. Scientists can study flames in the station's unique microgravity environment, where they are free from the effects of gravity. Data from the experiment, which cannot be collected on Earth, can then be used to develop mathematical models that predict how those materials would burn on the moon, Mars, or anywhere else. “SoFIE builds on NASA’s prior flammability research,” said Lauren Brown, a project manager at Glenn. “Like other flame studies, this research will home in on how things ignite, burn, and are extinguished in space. It will provide a foundation for continuing human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit.” The SoFIE project consists of five investigations that examine the flammability of plexiglass, cotton-based fabrics, and other materials commonly used in space flight. Watch | SpaceX's Elon Musk shares simulation video 'Starship to Mars' depicting his plans for the red planet SoFIE is intended to study fire safety in spacecraft, but data from the experiments could also be used to improve fire safety on Earth. Data collected from the study will contribute to the body of knowledge that could be used to improve screening tests for materials that are fire safe for the home, office, aircraft, or other uses. The experiments will be operational until November 2025, during which time NASA may accept proposals for additional experiments.

Fighting fire with fire: NASA to conduct experiments how things ignite, burn, & are extinguished in space

We have all the scientific gizmos at hand that let us peer into the deepest corners of space. The powerful telescopes we've built means we can literally go back in time and even look at celestial bodies that were formed in earlier universe. But sometimes, our observations from Earth are not able to capture space objects in a particular way just because we are on Earth.

Take planet Jupiter for example. The gas giant is farther from Sun than Earth is. As Jupiter's orbit lies beyond Earth's orbit, we can only see face of Jupiter that is illuminated due to sunlight. A crescent of Jupiter can never be seen from Earth.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/pepperoni-storms-topping-jupiter-nasas-latest-video-goes-viral-watch-here-452734">'Pepperoni' storms topping Jupiter? NASA's latest video goes viral, watch here</a>

But now, NASA's Juno spacecraft has offered glimpse into how a crescent of Jupiter. Juno spacecraft reached Jupiter in 2016 after a journey of 5 years through space. The spacecraft is hovering around the gas giant and its moon.

Juno's mission team published an image of crescent of Jupiter on February 14.&nbsp;

"If you could ride along with NASA’s Juno spacecraft as it approaches Jupiter during one of its regular close passes by the giant planet, you would be treated to a striking vista similar to this one", the blog said

The planet can be seen partially illuminated due to sunlight. The photo was clicked using JunoCam. The camera took seven images during Juno’s 39th close pass by Jupiter on January 12.

We have all the scientific gizmos at hand that let us peer into the deepest corners of space. The powerful telescopes we've built means we can literally go back in time and even look at celestial bodies that were formed in earlier universe.

We have all the scientific gizmos at hand that let us peer into the deepest corners of space. The powerful telescopes we've built means we can literally go back in time and even look at celestial bodies that were formed in earlier universe. But sometimes, our observations from Earth are not able to capture space objects in a particular way just because we are on Earth. Take planet Jupiter for example. The gas giant is farther from Sun than Earth is. As Jupiter's orbit lies beyond Earth's orbit, we can only see face of Jupiter that is illuminated due to sunlight. A crescent of Jupiter can never be seen from Earth. Also Read | 'Pepperoni' storms topping Jupiter? NASA's latest video goes viral, watch here But now, NASA's Juno spacecraft has offered glimpse into how a crescent of Jupiter. Juno spacecraft reached Jupiter in 2016 after a journey of 5 years through space. The spacecraft is hovering around the gas giant and its moon. Juno's mission team published an image of crescent of Jupiter on February 14. "If you could ride along with NASA’s Juno spacecraft as it approaches Jupiter during one of its regular close passes by the giant planet, you would be treated to a striking vista similar to this one", the blog said The planet can be seen partially illuminated due to sunlight. The photo was clicked using JunoCam. The camera took seven images during Juno’s 39th close pass by Jupiter on January 12.

NASA's Juno spacecraft depicts Jupiter as we can never see from Earth

It's a year since NASA's Perseverance rover landed on Mars. It is on a two-year mission to find evidence of life some 3-4 billion years ago. In our next report, we bring you all the Perseverance rover's findings.

One year since Perseverance rover landed on Mars

Tech entrepreneur Jared Isaacman has announced that he will make another private spaceflight launching from NASA’s Kennedy Space Centre, alongside two SpaceX engineers and a former Air Force fighter pilot.

It’s the first of three planned flights to try out new tech,&nbsp;including still-in-the-works spacewalking suits,&nbsp;culminating in the first flight with people of SpaceX’s new Starship, which is intended for moon and Mars travel.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/why-has-space-business-has-become-the-final-profitable-frontier-452928" hreflang="en">Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier?</a>

Isaacman indicated that he’d like to be aboard the second spaceflight in this programme named after the triple-star system Polaris,&nbsp;another Dragon mission,&nbsp;and on the first Starship crew as well.

It will include orbiting through the Van Allen radiation belt, which protects the Earth from the solar wind. The inner Van Allen belt lies from 400 to 6,000 miles (640 to 9,700 kilometers) above the surface.

The programme represents a new step for the commercial space sector, as Elon Musk's SpaceX seeks to carry out ambitious exploration missions, until now the domain of national space agencies.

"On Polaris Dawn, we endeavor to achieve the highest Earth orbit ever flown in addition to conducting the world's first commercial spacewalk and testing of Starlink laser-based communication," he said in a statement.

“Let’s get Polaris Dawn right and then we’ll think about the next mission,” he said.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/chinese-long-march-3c-rocket-to-crash-into-moon-instead-of-spacexs-falcon-9-453309" hreflang="en">It's a Chinese rocket, not one from SpaceX that will crash on Moon, says astronomer</a>

For the spacewalk, the entire Dragon capsule will be depressurised just as the Gemini capsules were, with each crew member in pressurised suits.&nbsp;

“If we are to have a more permanent presence on the moon and some day build a colony on Mars, we have a lot to learn, including better suit designs,” he said.

They’ll also use Starlink internet satellites launched by SpaceX to test communication from orbit.

The crew, which includes former US Air Force Colonel Scott Poteet as pilot, and two SpaceX employees, mission specialist Sarah Gillis and mission specialist and medical officer Anna Menon, &nbsp;will attempt the first commercial space walk at roughly 300 miles altitude.

During the mission, they will also test laser-based communication in space using SpaceX's Starlink satellite network, and conduct medical research such as studying decompression sickness, the impacts of space radiation, and the effects of spaceflight on eye health.

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/spacex-launches-cargo-mission-to-international-space-station-238700/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

The last of the three missions will involve a SpaceX Starship rocket, which when complete will be the biggest and powerful spacecraft ever built.&nbsp;

Musk sees it as key to fulfilling his vision of colonizing Mars, while a pared-down version has been contracted by NASA as a lunar lander for the Artemis program that is set to return humans to the Moon around the middle of this decade.

Isaacman is an experienced pilot who last year led the Inspiration4 mission, which saw four civilian crew complete a three-day orbital mission aboard a SpaceX Dragon, raising $240 million for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.&nbsp;

Last week, Musk showed off the Starship, the tallest and most powerful rocket built. He’s awaiting clearance from the Federal Aviation Administration before launching it empty from Texas on its first orbital test flight.&nbsp;

The FAA said Monday it won’t finish its environmental review of the Boca Chica launch and landing site, at the southern tip of Texas, until the end of March.

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Tech entrepreneur Jared Isaacman has announced that he will make another private spaceflight launching from NASA’s Kennedy Space Centre, alongside two SpaceX engineers and a former Air Force fighter pilot.

Tech entrepreneur Jared Isaacman has announced that he will make another private spaceflight launching from NASA’s Kennedy Space Centre, alongside two SpaceX engineers and a former Air Force fighter pilot. It’s the first of three planned flights to try out new tech, including still-in-the-works spacewalking suits, culminating in the first flight with people of SpaceX’s new Starship, which is intended for moon and Mars travel. Also read | Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier? Isaacman indicated that he’d like to be aboard the second spaceflight in this programme named after the triple-star system Polaris, another Dragon mission, and on the first Starship crew as well. It will include orbiting through the Van Allen radiation belt, which protects the Earth from the solar wind. The inner Van Allen belt lies from 400 to 6,000 miles (640 to 9,700 kilometers) above the surface. The programme represents a new step for the commercial space sector, as Elon Musk's SpaceX seeks to carry out ambitious exploration missions, until now the domain of national space agencies. "On Polaris Dawn, we endeavor to achieve the highest Earth orbit ever flown in addition to conducting the world's first commercial spacewalk and testing of Starlink laser-based communication," he said in a statement. “Let’s get Polaris Dawn right and then we’ll think about the next mission,” he said. Also read | It's a Chinese rocket, not one from SpaceX that will crash on Moon, says astronomer For the spacewalk, the entire Dragon capsule will be depressurised just as the Gemini capsules were, with each crew member in pressurised suits. “If we are to have a more permanent presence on the moon and some day build a colony on Mars, we have a lot to learn, including better suit designs,” he said. They’ll also use Starlink internet satellites launched by SpaceX to test communication from orbit. The crew, which includes former US Air Force Colonel Scott Poteet as pilot, and two SpaceX employees, mission specialist Sarah Gillis and mission specialist and medical officer Anna Menon, will attempt the first commercial space walk at roughly 300 miles altitude. During the mission, they will also test laser-based communication in space using SpaceX's Starlink satellite network, and conduct medical research such as studying decompression sickness, the impacts of space radiation, and the effects of spaceflight on eye health. The last of the three missions will involve a SpaceX Starship rocket, which when complete will be the biggest and powerful spacecraft ever built. Musk sees it as key to fulfilling his vision of colonizing Mars, while a pared-down version has been contracted by NASA as a lunar lander for the Artemis program that is set to return humans to the Moon around the middle of this decade. Isaacman is an experienced pilot who last year led the Inspiration4 mission, which saw four civilian crew complete a three-day orbital mission aboard a SpaceX Dragon, raising $240 million for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Last week, Musk showed off the Starship, the tallest and most powerful rocket built. He’s awaiting clearance from the Federal Aviation Administration before launching it empty from Texas on its first orbital test flight. The FAA said Monday it won’t finish its environmental review of the Boca Chica launch and landing site, at the southern tip of Texas, until the end of March. (With inputs from agencies)

US billionaire Jared Isaacman announces three more ambitious SpaceX flights

Valentines Day is over and most of us have got a reason to continue to adore (or sadly not, depending on the response) our much loved and cherished person. But memories of Valentine's Day this year perhaps wouldn't be complete with a picture of this 'space rose'.

Giving rose to our Valentine has perhaps come to be a horrible cliche (or not if it is from the right person). But this 'space rose' is unique.

It is made up of 'interacting galaxies' as NASA puts it. So in other words, Hubble has captured image of two galaxies coming together on Valentine's Day. Talk about timing to tweet this image!&nbsp;

This 'space rose' is 350 lightyears away from us in Andromeda constellation. This galactic combine is called Arp 273. The physical contortions in the spiral galaxies have been formed due to mutual effects of gravity of these galaxies.

"Be our cosmic Valentine? The “space rose” in this Hubble image is made up of interacting galaxies, named Arp 273. This celestial flower blooms about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda," tweeted NASA's Hubble telescope handle.

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Be our cosmic Valentine? 🌹✨ 
 
The “space rose” in this Hubble image is made up of interacting galaxies, named Arp 273. This celestial flower blooms about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. 
 
Find out more: <a href="https://t.co/FAldFLOZED">https://t.co/FAldFLOZED</a> <a href="https://t.co/Otzh2D1q2m">pic.twitter.com/Otzh2D1q2m</a>
— Hubble (@NASAHubble) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAHubble/status/1493276354535735297?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 14, 2022</a></blockquote>
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Netizens have liked the image. The tweet has been liked by nearly 10 thousand Twitter users. The post has been retweeted by more than a thousand users.

Valentines Day is over and most of us have got a reason to continue to adore (or sadly not, depending on the response) our much loved and cherished person. But memories of Valentine's Day this year perhaps wouldn't be complete with a picture of this 'space rose'.

Valentines Day is over and most of us have got a reason to continue to adore (or sadly not, depending on the response) our much loved and cherished person. But memories of Valentine's Day this year perhaps wouldn't be complete with a picture of this 'space rose'. Giving rose to our Valentine has perhaps come to be a horrible cliche (or not if it is from the right person). But this 'space rose' is unique. It is made up of 'interacting galaxies' as NASA puts it. So in other words, Hubble has captured image of two galaxies coming together on Valentine's Day. Talk about timing to tweet this image! This 'space rose' is 350 lightyears away from us in Andromeda constellation. This galactic combine is called Arp 273. The physical contortions in the spiral galaxies have been formed due to mutual effects of gravity of these galaxies. "Be our cosmic Valentine? The “space rose” in this Hubble image is made up of interacting galaxies, named Arp 273. This celestial flower blooms about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda," tweeted NASA's Hubble telescope handle. Be our cosmic Valentine? 🌹✨ The “space rose” in this Hubble image is made up of interacting galaxies, named Arp 273. This celestial flower blooms about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. Find out more: https://t.co/FAldFLOZED pic.twitter.com/Otzh2D1q2m — Hubble (@NASAHubble) February 14, 2022 × Netizens have liked the image. The tweet has been liked by nearly 10 thousand Twitter users. The post has been retweeted by more than a thousand users.

NASA's Hubble telescope clicks 'space rose' on Valentine's Day

Why has space business has become the final profitable frontier?

As part of Artemis mission in 2025, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is again looking to send people to the Moon. &nbsp;

The scientists will not just land but also perform moonwalk on the south pole, which is a dark shadowy area. The scientists think that there might be water ice. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/58-feet-high-rogue-wave-recorded-off-coast-of-vancouver-island-says-study-452859" hreflang="en">58-feet-high rogue wave recorded off coast of Vancouver Island, says study</a>

For this, they are training in some special conditions in a 12-metre-deep swimming pool in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) in Texas, in the US. &nbsp;

With this, the astronauts are getting trained in an environment similar to the surface of the Moon. &nbsp;

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Kill the lights – we’re simulating a Moonwalk! 
 
Divers at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory turned off the lights to simulate what an Artemis astronaut might experience at the lunar south pole - long, dark shadows. <a href="https://t.co/naslhzzix7">pic.twitter.com/naslhzzix7</a>
— NASA's Johnson Space Center (@NASA_Johnson) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA_Johnson/status/1488926712394092551?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 2, 2022</a></blockquote>
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In the tests, the divers have turned off all the lights, put up black curtains around the pool walls to minimise reflection and used a powerful underwater lamp. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/did-the-dinosaurs-suffer-from-respiratory-issues-researchers-make-breathtaking-discovery-452405" hreflang="en">Did the dinosaurs suffer from respiratory issues? Researchers make breathtaking discovery &nbsp;</a>

The pictures of the training, which have been shared by the NASA, seem&nbsp;to be pretty scary.

"Kill the lights – we’re simulating a Moonwalk! Divers at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory turned off the lights to simulate what an Artemis astronaut might experience at the lunar south pole - long, dark shadows," NASA's Johnson Space Center said on Twitter. &nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

As part of Artemis mission in 2025, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is again looking to send people to the Moon. The scientists will not just land but also perform moonwalk on the south pole, which is a dark shadowy area.

As part of Artemis mission in 2025, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is again looking to send people to the Moon. The scientists will not just land but also perform moonwalk on the south pole, which is a dark shadowy area. The scientists think that there might be water ice. Also Read: 58-feet-high rogue wave recorded off coast of Vancouver Island, says study For this, they are training in some special conditions in a 12-metre-deep swimming pool in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) in Texas, in the US. With this, the astronauts are getting trained in an environment similar to the surface of the Moon. Kill the lights – we’re simulating a Moonwalk! Divers at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory turned off the lights to simulate what an Artemis astronaut might experience at the lunar south pole - long, dark shadows. pic.twitter.com/naslhzzix7 — NASA's Johnson Space Center (@NASA_Johnson) February 2, 2022 × In the tests, the divers have turned off all the lights, put up black curtains around the pool walls to minimise reflection and used a powerful underwater lamp. Also Read: Did the dinosaurs suffer from respiratory issues? Researchers make breathtaking discovery The pictures of the training, which have been shared by the NASA, seem to be pretty scary. "Kill the lights – we’re simulating a Moonwalk! Divers at NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory turned off the lights to simulate what an Artemis astronaut might experience at the lunar south pole - long, dark shadows," NASA's Johnson Space Center said on Twitter. (With inputs from agencies)

A training or a scary movie? NASA prepares for moonwalk on pitch-dark south pole, shares images

NASA is known for sharing captivating images and videos of space. This time, the space agency left the netizens in complete shock after it shared a video of a "pepperoni" storm topping Jupiter.&nbsp;

The video is of an infrared view of Jupiter’s north pole. "The movie utilises imagery derived from data collected by the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument aboard our NASA solar system mission Juno."

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The space agency states that the yellow areas are warmer as they are deeper into Jupiter’s atmosphere, and the dark areas are colder because they are higher up in Jupiter’s atmosphere.

"In this clip, the highest “brightness temperature” is around 260K (about -13°C) and the lowest is around 190K (about -83°C).

The “brightness temperature” is a measurement of the radiance, at 5 µm, travelling upward from the top of the atmosphere towards Juno, expressed in units of temperature," states NASA in the caption.

The video was shared on National Pizza Day.&nbsp;

Since shared, the video has managed to gather over 1 million views. The video has gone viral, with netizens leaving tons of comments. "Always beautiful and massive Jupiter!," wrote an Instagram user.&nbsp;

NASA is known for sharing captivating images and videos of space. This time, the space agency left the netizens in complete shock after it shared a video of a "pepperoni" storm topping Jupiter.

NASA is known for sharing captivating images and videos of space. This time, the space agency left the netizens in complete shock after it shared a video of a "pepperoni" storm topping Jupiter. The video is of an infrared view of Jupiter’s north pole. "The movie utilises imagery derived from data collected by the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument aboard our NASA solar system mission Juno." View this post on Instagram A post shared by NASA (@nasa) × The space agency states that the yellow areas are warmer as they are deeper into Jupiter’s atmosphere, and the dark areas are colder because they are higher up in Jupiter’s atmosphere. "In this clip, the highest “brightness temperature” is around 260K (about -13°C) and the lowest is around 190K (about -83°C). The “brightness temperature” is a measurement of the radiance, at 5 µm, travelling upward from the top of the atmosphere towards Juno, expressed in units of temperature," states NASA in the caption. The video was shared on National Pizza Day. Since shared, the video has managed to gather over 1 million views. The video has gone viral, with netizens leaving tons of comments. "Always beautiful and massive Jupiter!," wrote an Instagram user.

'Pepperoni' storms topping Jupiter? NASA's latest video goes viral, watch here

James Webb Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has taken a space selfie and spotted its first star.

The first picture sent back of the cosmos is far from stunning: 18 blurry white dots on a black background, all showing the same object: HD 84406 a bright, isolated star located in the Ursa Major, or "The Big Dipper," constellation but too faint to be seen from Earth with the naked eye.

"The entire Webb team is ecstatic at how well the first steps of taking images and aligning the telescope are proceeding," said Marcia Rieke, principal investigator for the NIRCam instrument and regents professor of astronomy, University of Arizona, in a statement.

"We were so happy to see that light make its way into NIRCam."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/30000-meteorites-are-hiding-across-antarctica-as-per-this-treasure-map-created-by-artificial-intelligence-451559" hreflang="en">30,000 meteorites are hiding across Antarctica as per this 'treasure map' created by artificial intelligence</a>

Designed to give the world an unprecedented glimpse of infant galaxies in the early stages of the universe, Webb reached its destination at a position of gravitational equilibrium known as the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point, or L2, arriving one month after launch.

Besides making stellar observations, Webb will scan the atmospheres of alien worlds for possible signs of life.

The mirrors on the $10 billion observatory still must be meticulously aligned, the infrared detectors sufficiently chilled and the scientific instruments calibrated before observations can begin in June.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/youngest-pair-of-asteroids-ever-discovered-in-solar-system-spotted-by-astronomers-451332" hreflang="en">Youngest pair of asteroids ever discovered in solar system spotted by astronomers</a>

Considered the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, which orbits 330 miles (530 kilometers) up, Webb is too far away for emergency repairs.

Sometime in June, NASA expects to make public its "early release observations," a 'greatest hits' collection of initial images used to demonstrate proper functioning of Webb's instruments during its commissioning phase.

The telescope is an international collaboration led by NASA in partnership with the European and Canadian space agencies. Northrop Grumman Corp was the primary contractor.

Whether chasing optical and ultraviolet light like Hubble or infrared light like Webb, telescopes can see farther and more clearly when operating above Earth’s distorting atmosphere. That’s why NASA teamed up with the European and Canadian space agencies to get Webb and its mirror — the largest ever launched — into the cosmos.

(With inputs from agencies)

James Webb Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has taken a space selfie and spotted its first star. The first picture sent back of the cosmos is far from stunning: 18 blurry white dots on a black background, all showing the same object: HD 84406 a bright, isolated star located in the Ursa Major, or "The Big Dipper," constellation but too faint to be seen from Earth with the naked eye.

James Webb Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has taken a space selfie and spotted its first star. The first picture sent back of the cosmos is far from stunning: 18 blurry white dots on a black background, all showing the same object: HD 84406 a bright, isolated star located in the Ursa Major, or "The Big Dipper," constellation but too faint to be seen from Earth with the naked eye. "The entire Webb team is ecstatic at how well the first steps of taking images and aligning the telescope are proceeding," said Marcia Rieke, principal investigator for the NIRCam instrument and regents professor of astronomy, University of Arizona, in a statement. "We were so happy to see that light make its way into NIRCam." Also read | 30,000 meteorites are hiding across Antarctica as per this 'treasure map' created by artificial intelligence Designed to give the world an unprecedented glimpse of infant galaxies in the early stages of the universe, Webb reached its destination at a position of gravitational equilibrium known as the second Sun-Earth Lagrange point, or L2, arriving one month after launch. Besides making stellar observations, Webb will scan the atmospheres of alien worlds for possible signs of life. The mirrors on the $10 billion observatory still must be meticulously aligned, the infrared detectors sufficiently chilled and the scientific instruments calibrated before observations can begin in June. Also read | Youngest pair of asteroids ever discovered in solar system spotted by astronomers Considered the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, which orbits 330 miles (530 kilometers) up, Webb is too far away for emergency repairs. Sometime in June, NASA expects to make public its "early release observations," a 'greatest hits' collection of initial images used to demonstrate proper functioning of Webb's instruments during its commissioning phase. The telescope is an international collaboration led by NASA in partnership with the European and Canadian space agencies. Northrop Grumman Corp was the primary contractor. Whether chasing optical and ultraviolet light like Hubble or infrared light like Webb, telescopes can see farther and more clearly when operating above Earth’s distorting atmosphere. That’s why NASA teamed up with the European and Canadian space agencies to get Webb and its mirror — the largest ever launched — into the cosmos. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope takes a space selfie

In an effort to understand the dynamics of the sun and the constantly changing space environment, NASA has announced two new science missions. This comes just a day after the space agency announced the latest observations done by the Parker Solar probe on its way to the sun.&nbsp;

Named as Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) and HelioSwarm, the missions aim at studying the sun’s corona and also measuring the magnetic field of the solar wind.

Thomas Zurbuchen, Nasa's associate administrator for science, in a statement, said, "MUSE and HelioSwarm will provide new and deeper insight into the solar atmosphere and space weather. These missions not only extend the science of our other heliophysics missions — but they also provide a unique perspective and a novel approach to understanding the mysteries of our star."

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-releases-pictures-of-venuss-surface-taken-by-parker-solar-probe-in-new-light-452308">Also read |&nbsp;NASA releases pictures of Venus’s surface taken by Parker Solar Probe in new light</a>

The MUSE mission will be led by Bart DePontieu of the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (LMATC) in California.&nbsp;

The HelioSwarm mission, on the other hand, will be conducted under the banner of Harlan Spence from the University of New Hampshire.&nbsp;

Peg Luce, deputy director of the Heliophysics Division, in a statement, said, "The technical innovation of HelioSwarm’s small satellites operating together as a constellation provides the unique ability to investigate turbulence and its evolution in the solar wind."

Both the missions have combined funding of $442 million.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In an effort to understand the dynamics of the sun and the constantly changing space environment, NASA has announced two new science missions. This comes just a day after the space agency announced the latest observations done by the Parker Solar probe on its way to the sun.

In an effort to understand the dynamics of the sun and the constantly changing space environment, NASA has announced two new science missions. This comes just a day after the space agency announced the latest observations done by the Parker Solar probe on its way to the sun. Named as Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) and HelioSwarm, the missions aim at studying the sun’s corona and also measuring the magnetic field of the solar wind. Thomas Zurbuchen, Nasa's associate administrator for science, in a statement, said, "MUSE and HelioSwarm will provide new and deeper insight into the solar atmosphere and space weather. These missions not only extend the science of our other heliophysics missions — but they also provide a unique perspective and a novel approach to understanding the mysteries of our star." Also read | NASA releases pictures of Venus’s surface taken by Parker Solar Probe in new light The MUSE mission will be led by Bart DePontieu of the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center (LMATC) in California. The HelioSwarm mission, on the other hand, will be conducted under the banner of Harlan Spence from the University of New Hampshire. Peg Luce, deputy director of the Heliophysics Division, in a statement, said, "The technical innovation of HelioSwarm’s small satellites operating together as a constellation provides the unique ability to investigate turbulence and its evolution in the solar wind." Both the missions have combined funding of $442 million. (With inputs from agencies)

To unfold solar mysteries, NASA announces two new missions

A video and some pictures of the surface of Venus have been released by NASA. These were taken last year by the Parker Solar Probe on a flyby. &nbsp;

The first images of this kind may help in learning more about the most earth-like planet in the solar system, the scientists said. &nbsp;

In 2020 and 2021, the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) of the US space agency took the images on two flybys of Venus. But&nbsp;its&nbsp;full analysis&nbsp;was published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters on Wednesday. It was also announced on NASA’s website. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/just-rocks-or-dinosaur-eggs-archaeologists-discover-mystery-objects-in-this-indian-state-452072" hreflang="en">Just rocks or dinosaur eggs? Archaeologists discover mystery objects in this Indian state</a>

Brian Wood, physicist, Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC, who was also the lead author of the study, said, “Venus is the third brightest thing in the sky, but until recently we have not had much information on what the surface looked like because our view of it is blocked by a thick atmosphere. Now, we finally are seeing the surface in visible wavelengths for the first time from space.” &nbsp;

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Parker Solar Probe has taken its first visible light images of the surface of Venus from space! 📸 
 
The planet is smothered in thick clouds, but during recent flybys of the planet Parker’s cameras peered through to see the surface: <a href="https://t.co/FNWNLwVSNI">https://t.co/FNWNLwVSNI</a><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/VisionsOfVenus?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#VisionsOfVenus</a> <a href="https://t.co/itp1tcB4YN">pic.twitter.com/itp1tcB4YN</a>
— NASA Sun &amp; Space (@NASASun) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASASun/status/1491442092526215170?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 9, 2022</a></blockquote>
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According to NASA, the probe revealed “a faint glow from the surface that shows distinctive features like continental regions, plains, and plateaus,” while a “luminescent halo of oxygen in the atmosphere can also be seen surrounding the planet.” &nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/impact-on-spaceflight-missions-spacex-starlink-satellite-under-nasa-lens-451973" hreflang="en">'Impact on spaceflight missions': SpaceX Starlink satellite under NASA lens</a>

The probe used a spectrum, which ranged from 470-800 nanometers, approaching infrared, to catch the glow caused by the excessive heat on the surface of the planet. &nbsp;&nbsp;

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Join us live!<a href="https://t.co/ZETtBG2kor">https://t.co/ZETtBG2kor</a> 
 
Parker Solar Probe’s just-released images of Venus — the first visible light images of the planet’s surface from space: <a href="https://t.co/gDLOXOYXxL">pic.twitter.com/gDLOXOYXxL</a>
— NASA Goddard (@NASAGoddard) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAGoddard/status/1491807424801501186?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 10, 2022</a></blockquote>
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“The surface of Venus, even on the nightside, is about 860 degrees,” Wood said, using the Fahrenheit scale. “It's so hot that the rocky surface of Venus is visibly glowing, like a piece of iron pulled from a forge.” &nbsp;&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

A video and some pictures of the surface of Venus have been released by NASA. These were taken last year by the Parker Solar Probe on a flyby. The first images of this kind may help in learning more about the most earth-like planet in the solar system, the scientists said.

A video and some pictures of the surface of Venus have been released by NASA. These were taken last year by the Parker Solar Probe on a flyby. The first images of this kind may help in learning more about the most earth-like planet in the solar system, the scientists said. In 2020 and 2021, the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) of the US space agency took the images on two flybys of Venus. But its full analysis was published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters on Wednesday. It was also announced on NASA’s website. Also Read: Just rocks or dinosaur eggs? Archaeologists discover mystery objects in this Indian state Brian Wood, physicist, Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC, who was also the lead author of the study, said, “Venus is the third brightest thing in the sky, but until recently we have not had much information on what the surface looked like because our view of it is blocked by a thick atmosphere. Now, we finally are seeing the surface in visible wavelengths for the first time from space.” Parker Solar Probe has taken its first visible light images of the surface of Venus from space! 📸 The planet is smothered in thick clouds, but during recent flybys of the planet Parker’s cameras peered through to see the surface: https://t.co/FNWNLwVSNI#VisionsOfVenus pic.twitter.com/itp1tcB4YN — NASA Sun & Space (@NASASun) February 9, 2022 × According to NASA, the probe revealed “a faint glow from the surface that shows distinctive features like continental regions, plains, and plateaus,” while a “luminescent halo of oxygen in the atmosphere can also be seen surrounding the planet.” Also Read | 'Impact on spaceflight missions': SpaceX Starlink satellite under NASA lens The probe used a spectrum, which ranged from 470-800 nanometers, approaching infrared, to catch the glow caused by the excessive heat on the surface of the planet. Join us live!https://t.co/ZETtBG2kor Parker Solar Probe’s just-released images of Venus — the first visible light images of the planet’s surface from space: pic.twitter.com/gDLOXOYXxL — NASA Goddard (@NASAGoddard) February 10, 2022 × “The surface of Venus, even on the nightside, is about 860 degrees,” Wood said, using the Fahrenheit scale. “It's so hot that the rocky surface of Venus is visibly glowing, like a piece of iron pulled from a forge.” (With inputs from agencies)

NASA releases pictures of Venus’s surface taken by Parker Solar Probe in new light

NASA has raised concerns over Musk's SpaceX plan to deploy thousands of satellites for its Starlink programme.

SpaceX had recently launched Starlink satellites for the first global orbital launch as it lifted 49 Starlink v1.5 satellites.

Musk's space company had received authorisation for 12,000 satellites to offer internet broadband services, however, NASA said it raised "potential for a significant increase in the frequency of conjunction events and possible impacts to NASA’s science and human spaceflight missions."

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/80-of-starlink-satellites-launched-by-spacex-to-be-destroyed-by-geomagnetic-storm-451722">Also Read:&nbsp;80% of Starlink satellites launched by SpaceX to be destroyed by geomagnetic storm</a>

Starlink is a division of SpaceX owned and operated by Musk and it works privately independent of US military and civilian use. However, it works closely with NASA to engage its projects in space.&nbsp;

SpaceX intends to deploy nearly 30,000 satellites for its Starlink internet broadband link for worldwide access. The space agency had informed on Wednesday that up to 40 Starlink satellites were knocked out due to a geomagnetic storm.&nbsp;

However, it said it posed little threat since it burned up in the atmosphere.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;What is Geomagnetic storm?

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The company said at least 40 satellites "will reenter or already have reentered the Earth's atmosphere". NASA however said that the SpaceX Gen2 project means it will now double the number of objects being tracked in orbit with a "five fold" increase in the number of objects below 600 km which is currently at 6,100.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/out-of-control-rocket-by-elon-musks-spacex-puts-indias-chandrayaan-in-danger-447837">Also Read:&nbsp;Out-of-control rocket by Elon Musk's SpaceX puts India's Chandrayaan in danger</a>

The US space agency asserted that a large number of satellites interferes with astronomical observations. Musk had recently tweeted that SpaceX has 1,469 active Starlink satellites and will be moving another 272 into the orbit soon while adding,"Laser links activate soon".

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1469 Starlink satellites active 
272 moving to operational orbits 
Laser links activate soon
— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) <a href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1482424984962101249?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 15, 2022</a></blockquote>
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In fact, China had slammed the US after it said its space station was in a collision course with Starlink satellite in July last year and then again in October while adding that the incident "constituted dangers to the life or health of astronauts aboard the China Space Station".

(With inputs from Agencies)

NASA has raised concerns over Musk's SpaceX plan to deploy thousands of satellites for its Starlink programme. SpaceX had recently launched Starlink satellites for the first global orbital launch as it lifted 49 Starlink v1.

NASA has raised concerns over Musk's SpaceX plan to deploy thousands of satellites for its Starlink programme. SpaceX had recently launched Starlink satellites for the first global orbital launch as it lifted 49 Starlink v1.5 satellites. Musk's space company had received authorisation for 12,000 satellites to offer internet broadband services, however, NASA said it raised "potential for a significant increase in the frequency of conjunction events and possible impacts to NASA’s science and human spaceflight missions." Also Read: 80% of Starlink satellites launched by SpaceX to be destroyed by geomagnetic storm Starlink is a division of SpaceX owned and operated by Musk and it works privately independent of US military and civilian use. However, it works closely with NASA to engage its projects in space. SpaceX intends to deploy nearly 30,000 satellites for its Starlink internet broadband link for worldwide access. The space agency had informed on Wednesday that up to 40 Starlink satellites were knocked out due to a geomagnetic storm. However, it said it posed little threat since it burned up in the atmosphere. Watch: What is Geomagnetic storm? The company said at least 40 satellites "will reenter or already have reentered the Earth's atmosphere". NASA however said that the SpaceX Gen2 project means it will now double the number of objects being tracked in orbit with a "five fold" increase in the number of objects below 600 km which is currently at 6,100. Also Read: Out-of-control rocket by Elon Musk's SpaceX puts India's Chandrayaan in danger The US space agency asserted that a large number of satellites interferes with astronomical observations. Musk had recently tweeted that SpaceX has 1,469 active Starlink satellites and will be moving another 272 into the orbit soon while adding,"Laser links activate soon". 1469 Starlink satellites active 272 moving to operational orbits Laser links activate soon — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) January 15, 2022 × In fact, China had slammed the US after it said its space station was in a collision course with Starlink satellite in July last year and then again in October while adding that the incident "constituted dangers to the life or health of astronauts aboard the China Space Station". (With inputs from Agencies)

'Impact on spaceflight missions': SpaceX Starlink satellite under NASA lens

NASA has awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Space of Littleton, Colorado, to build the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), a small, lightweight rocket to launch rock, sediment, and atmospheric samples from the surface of the Red Planet. The award brings NASA a step closer to the first robotic round-trip to bring samples safely to Earth through the Mars Sample Return program.

Lockheed Martin bags contract to bring back Mars samples to Earth

NASA has awarded Lockheed Martin the contract to make a rocket to bring first Mars rock samples to Earth in 2030s. The US space agency, in its statement on Monday, NASA said that the &nbsp;"small, lightweight rocket" will be the first to take off from another planet, bringing back "rock, sediment and atmospheric samples from the surface of the Red Planet."

NASA's Perseverance Rover has been collecting samples from various Martian areas since landing on Earth's neighbor a year ago.

Goal of the mission is to find traces of ancient life on Mars. But the samples need to be analyzed in labs on Earth as more sophisticated tests on the samples are only possible on Earth.

The samples will be gathered and then launched back to Earth in a complex operation in which the Lockheed Martin rocket will be a key element.&nbsp;

The contract for this "Mars Ascent Vehicle" has a potential value of $194 million, according to NASA.

"The pieces are coming together to bring home the first samples from another planet. Once on Earth, they can be studied by state-of-the-art tools too complex to transport into space," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA headquarters in Washington.

According to the space agency's plans, a mission will be launched in 2026 at the earliest to send the mini-rocket to Mars, carrying another rover responsible for collecting the samples left behind by Perseverance.&nbsp;

Once the samples are placed in the rocket, it will take off and put them in orbit around Mars. They will then be captured by another vessel sent there to complete the final leg of the journey back to Earth.&nbsp;

This last vessel, as well as the rover that will recover the samples, are being developed under the direction of the European Space Agency.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA has awarded Lockheed Martin the contract to make a rocket to bring first Mars rock samples to Earth in 2030s. The US space agency, in its statement on Monday, NASA said that the "small, lightweight rocket" will be the first to take off from another planet, bringing back "rock, sediment and atmospheric samples from the surface of the Red Planet.

NASA has awarded Lockheed Martin the contract to make a rocket to bring first Mars rock samples to Earth in 2030s. The US space agency, in its statement on Monday, NASA said that the "small, lightweight rocket" will be the first to take off from another planet, bringing back "rock, sediment and atmospheric samples from the surface of the Red Planet." NASA's Perseverance Rover has been collecting samples from various Martian areas since landing on Earth's neighbor a year ago. Goal of the mission is to find traces of ancient life on Mars. But the samples need to be analyzed in labs on Earth as more sophisticated tests on the samples are only possible on Earth. The samples will be gathered and then launched back to Earth in a complex operation in which the Lockheed Martin rocket will be a key element. The contract for this "Mars Ascent Vehicle" has a potential value of $194 million, according to NASA. "The pieces are coming together to bring home the first samples from another planet. Once on Earth, they can be studied by state-of-the-art tools too complex to transport into space," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for science at NASA headquarters in Washington. According to the space agency's plans, a mission will be launched in 2026 at the earliest to send the mini-rocket to Mars, carrying another rover responsible for collecting the samples left behind by Perseverance. Once the samples are placed in the rocket, it will take off and put them in orbit around Mars. They will then be captured by another vessel sent there to complete the final leg of the journey back to Earth. This last vessel, as well as the rover that will recover the samples, are being developed under the direction of the European Space Agency. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA awards Lockheed Martin contract to bring back Mars samples to Earth

NASA has laid out a detailed plan for International Space Station's transition. The space agency has revealed what the future holds for ISS. Watch to know more

NASA retire International Space Station, what's next?

A new study has revealed that even dying stars can give birth to brand new planets.

Known as "A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets," the study has been published in the journal Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics.

It claims that the second generation of planets can be formed by a disk of leftover material from dying stars that surround them.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-identify-first-ever-wandering-black-hole-in-milky-way-galaxy-450795" hreflang="en">Scientists identify first-ever wandering black hole in Milky Way galaxy</a>

"In ten percent of the evolved binary stars with discs we studied, we see a large cavity in the disc," said first author Kluska in a press release.&nbsp;

"This is an indication that something is floating around there that has collected all matter in the area of the cavity."

This first generation of stars apparently lived hard and died quickly. While our sun may live 5 billion years, this first generation of stars likely lasted only a slim fraction of that -- about 1 million years.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-identify-interesting-similarity-between-this-exoplanet-and-earth-449674">Also read |&nbsp;Scientists identify interesting similarity between this exoplanet and Earth</a>

Understanding what happens inside a star is important because the core normally acts as a powerful nuclear furnace producing heat and pressure that makes the star shine and remain stable for a long time, the researchers said.

When the cores of these big stars run out of fuel, they collapse and spark a shock wave that travels to the surface at 20 million miles per hour to create a fireball one billion times brighter than the sun.

Supernovae are hurtling fields of heavy material that spew nickel, gold and iron, so understanding more about them can also provide insight into the formation of Earth, they added.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-evidence-of-an-extreme-solar-tsunami-deep-within-earths-ice-448784" hreflang="en">Scientists find evidence of an extreme solar 'tsunami' deep within Earth's ice</a>

The Earth’s sun is smaller so when it reaches the end of its life in about 4 billion years it will bloat and then shed its outer layers, leaving the remains to cool over a long period of time.

"In the evolved binary stars with a large cavity in the disc, we saw that heavy elements such as iron were very scarce on the surface of the dying star," said Kluska.&nbsp;

"This observation leads one to suspect that dust particles rich in these elements were trapped by a planet."

"The confirmation or refutation of this extraordinary way of planet formation will be an unprecedented test for the current theories," according to Professor Hans Van Winckel, head of the KU Leuven Institute of Astronomy.

Until now, scientists have only been able to observe the afterglow of such bursts that light up galaxies without knowing which star actually exploded.

This study argues that protoplanetary disks are ideal for studying planet formation scenarios in unprecedented parameter space. 
&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A new study has revealed that even dying stars can give birth to brand new planets. Known as "A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets," the study has been published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

A new study has revealed that even dying stars can give birth to brand new planets. Known as "A population of transition disks around evolved stars: Fingerprints of planets," the study has been published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics. It claims that the second generation of planets can be formed by a disk of leftover material from dying stars that surround them. Also read | Scientists identify first-ever wandering black hole in Milky Way galaxy "In ten percent of the evolved binary stars with discs we studied, we see a large cavity in the disc," said first author Kluska in a press release. "This is an indication that something is floating around there that has collected all matter in the area of the cavity." This first generation of stars apparently lived hard and died quickly. While our sun may live 5 billion years, this first generation of stars likely lasted only a slim fraction of that -- about 1 million years. Also read | Scientists identify interesting similarity between this exoplanet and Earth Understanding what happens inside a star is important because the core normally acts as a powerful nuclear furnace producing heat and pressure that makes the star shine and remain stable for a long time, the researchers said. When the cores of these big stars run out of fuel, they collapse and spark a shock wave that travels to the surface at 20 million miles per hour to create a fireball one billion times brighter than the sun. Supernovae are hurtling fields of heavy material that spew nickel, gold and iron, so understanding more about them can also provide insight into the formation of Earth, they added. Also read | Scientists find evidence of an extreme solar 'tsunami' deep within Earth's ice The Earth’s sun is smaller so when it reaches the end of its life in about 4 billion years it will bloat and then shed its outer layers, leaving the remains to cool over a long period of time. "In the evolved binary stars with a large cavity in the disc, we saw that heavy elements such as iron were very scarce on the surface of the dying star," said Kluska. "This observation leads one to suspect that dust particles rich in these elements were trapped by a planet." "The confirmation or refutation of this extraordinary way of planet formation will be an unprecedented test for the current theories," according to Professor Hans Van Winckel, head of the KU Leuven Institute of Astronomy. Until now, scientists have only been able to observe the afterglow of such bursts that light up galaxies without knowing which star actually exploded. This study argues that protoplanetary disks are ideal for studying planet formation scenarios in unprecedented parameter space. (With inputs from agencies)

Study reveals that even dying stars can give birth to brand new planets

The first mission in NASA's program to take humans back to the Moon has been delayed until spring at the earliest, the US space agency said Wednesday, saying it needed more time to complete safety checks.

The Artemis I launch, initially scheduled for late 2021 and then postponed twice more, will now happen no earlier than April.

"Teams are taking operations a step at a time to ensure the integrated system is ready to safely launch the Artemis I mission. NASA is reviewing launch opportunities in April and May," NASA said in a statement.

Artemis I will be an uncrewed flight test, but will signal the real start of the program, which could eventually see the first woman and the first person of color to step foot on the Moon.

Artemis I also will be the first flight of the massive Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, which will carry the Orion capsule to the Moon, where it will be put into orbit before returning to Earth.

The testing of the SLS system, which had been set for this month, is now expected to take place at Kennedy Space Center in Florida in March, NASA said.&nbsp;

For that test, the rocket will be moved to the launch pad, fueled up and the launch sequence initiated -- except for the actual take-off.

This test will then help the US space agency set an actual launch date.

There is no "specific" issue that sparked the additional delays, Tom Whitmeyer, the deputy associate administrator for exploration systems development at NASA Headquarters in Washington, told reporters.

"It could be something as simple as a scratch that needs to be polished out or some paint that needs to be fixed. There's just a lot of that -- it's a really big vehicle," he said.

A few months ago, a government audit indicated that Artemis I would likely take place "in the summer of 2022." 
&nbsp;

The first mission in NASA's program to take humans back to the Moon has been delayed until spring at the earliest, the US space agency said Wednesday, saying it needed more time to complete safety checks.

The first mission in NASA's program to take humans back to the Moon has been delayed until spring at the earliest, the US space agency said Wednesday, saying it needed more time to complete safety checks. The Artemis I launch, initially scheduled for late 2021 and then postponed twice more, will now happen no earlier than April. "Teams are taking operations a step at a time to ensure the integrated system is ready to safely launch the Artemis I mission. NASA is reviewing launch opportunities in April and May," NASA said in a statement. Artemis I will be an uncrewed flight test, but will signal the real start of the program, which could eventually see the first woman and the first person of color to step foot on the Moon. Artemis I also will be the first flight of the massive Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, which will carry the Orion capsule to the Moon, where it will be put into orbit before returning to Earth. The testing of the SLS system, which had been set for this month, is now expected to take place at Kennedy Space Center in Florida in March, NASA said. For that test, the rocket will be moved to the launch pad, fueled up and the launch sequence initiated -- except for the actual take-off. This test will then help the US space agency set an actual launch date. There is no "specific" issue that sparked the additional delays, Tom Whitmeyer, the deputy associate administrator for exploration systems development at NASA Headquarters in Washington, told reporters. "It could be something as simple as a scratch that needs to be polished out or some paint that needs to be fixed. There's just a lot of that -- it's a really big vehicle," he said. A few months ago, a government audit indicated that Artemis I would likely take place "in the summer of 2022."

Uncrewed Artemis I mission to Moon pushed back

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