As tensions between Iran and Israel threaten to destabilize the Middle East, U.S. President Donald Trump has stepped in with a renewed push for diplomacy and de-escalation. With both sides facing mounting international pressure, Washington's role is once again under the spotlight. This episode examines Trump's intervention, the evolving Iran-Israel conflict, and the geopolitical stakes for the region and beyond.

U.S. President Donald Trump Steps In To End Hostilities Between Iran And Israel 

Despite its low ranking, Iran’s arms exports recorded a 395 per cent increase compared to the previous five-year period. 

Where does Iran rank among the world’s top arms exporters? A look at its biggest weapons recipients

Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei on Thursday (Oct 9) lifted all limits to the range of Iran’s missiles, a senior Iranian lawmaker revealed. This signals a major shift in Tehran's defence policy after the June conflict with Israel and the US. Ahmad Bakhshayesh Ardestani, a member of parliament’s national security committee said that Iran has developed and will continue to develop its missile program “to any extent it deems necessary.” While Khamenei had previously capped missile range at 2,200 kilometers, he has now “removed any such limitation,” Ardestani added. He also said that Tehran will accept “no limits on missile range" because it is the “most important element of military power.” There is no official statement from Khamenei yet.&nbsp;Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-sheer-dead-end-khamenei-rejects-talks-with-us-over-nuclear-program-says-will-not-surrender-to-pressure-1758686253476">'Sheer dead end': Khamenei REJECTS talks with US over nuclear program, says will not 'surrender to pressure'</a>&nbsp;Ardestani's statement comes a day after Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi accused Israel of lying about Tehran’s ambitions to develop intercontinental ballistic missiles in order to deceive the US. Referring to a statement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Araghchi said that Israel “finally managed to deceive the U.S. into attacking the Iranian people.” “With the failure of that action, Israel is now trying to make an imaginary threat out of our defense capabilities," he added. The decision comes even as Tehran's security chief Ali Larijani confirmed last month that Washington had floated the idea to limit Iran's missiles' range. “No honorable person would accept such a condition,” Larijani had said revealing that Iran rejected the idea.&nbsp;Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/where-is-ayatollah-khamenei-iranian-supreme-leader-not-seen-in-public-for-days-here-s-what-his-official-has-to-say-1750932089067">Where is Ayatollah Khamenei? Iranian supreme leader not seen in public for days- Here's what his official has to say</a>&nbsp;Previously, a high-ranking Iranian official also dismissed the notion of restricting the country’s missile capabilities, calling a U.S. proposal to limit missile range completely unacceptable. Ahmadreza Pourkhaghan, head of the Armed Forces Judiciary, stated during a meeting with Revolutionary Guard aerospace leaders that “the Americans will carry their dream of cutting Iran’s missile range to under 500 kilometers to the grave.”&nbsp;Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/power-money-and-a-passion-for-victor-hugo-6-facts-about-irans-elusive-leader-ayatollah-khamenei-1750503812213">Power, money, and a passion for Victor Hugo: 6 facts about Iran’s elusive leader Ayatollah Khamenei</a>

A senior Iranian legislator announced on Wednesday that Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has lifted all previous restrictions on the range of Iran’s missile systems. This marks what could be a significant change in the country's military strategy following the intense conflict in June

Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei on Thursday (Oct 9) lifted all limits to the range of Iran’s missiles, a senior Iranian lawmaker revealed. This signals a major shift in Tehran's defence policy after the June conflict with Israel and the US. Ahmad Bakhshayesh Ardestani, a member of parliament’s national security committee said that Iran has developed and will continue to develop its missile program “to any extent it deems necessary.” While Khamenei had previously capped missile range at 2,200 kilometers, he has now “removed any such limitation,” Ardestani added. He also said that Tehran will accept “no limits on missile range" because it is the “most important element of military power.” There is no official statement from Khamenei yet. Also read | 'Sheer dead end': Khamenei REJECTS talks with US over nuclear program, says will not 'surrender to pressure' Ardestani's statement comes a day after Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi accused Israel of lying about Tehran’s ambitions to develop intercontinental ballistic missiles in order to deceive the US. Referring to a statement by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Araghchi said that Israel “finally managed to deceive the U.S. into attacking the Iranian people.” “With the failure of that action, Israel is now trying to make an imaginary threat out of our defense capabilities," he added. The decision comes even as Tehran's security chief Ali Larijani confirmed last month that Washington had floated the idea to limit Iran's missiles' range. “No honorable person would accept such a condition,” Larijani had said revealing that Iran rejected the idea. Also read | Where is Ayatollah Khamenei? Iranian supreme leader not seen in public for days- Here's what his official has to say Previously, a high-ranking Iranian official also dismissed the notion of restricting the country’s missile capabilities, calling a U.S. proposal to limit missile range completely unacceptable. Ahmadreza Pourkhaghan, head of the Armed Forces Judiciary, stated during a meeting with Revolutionary Guard aerospace leaders that “the Americans will carry their dream of cutting Iran’s missile range to under 500 kilometers to the grave.” Also read | Power, money, and a passion for Victor Hugo: 6 facts about Iran’s elusive leader Ayatollah Khamenei

A senior Iranian legislator announced on Wednesday that Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has lifted all previous restrictions on the range of Iran’s missile systems. This marks what could be a significant change in the country's military strategy following the intense conflict in June

'Will develop to any extent it deems necessary': Did Khamenei lift ALL cap on Iran's missile range?

Iran today executed Rouzbeh Vadi, a man convicted of spying for the Israeli Intelligence agency Mossad. According to the report by Judiciary news outlet Mizan, the execution was carried out at dawn, following allegations that Vadi passed sensitive information to Israel, which ultimately led to the targeted assassination of Iranian top officials and nuclear scientist during an Israeli air strike in June.According to Iran's judiciary, Vadi was employed by one of Iran's “important and sensitive organisations,” and he was recruited by Mossad online before meeting them in Vienna, Austria. Authorities claim he handed them over information that aided Israel's 12-day airstrike. Iran has already executed seven people for espionage during the conflict with Israel, sparking fear within activists and rights groups. Iran's opaque judicial process has long been condemned by the rights group. “We see a consistent lack of fair trials, forced confessions, and executions carried out behind closed doors,” said a spokesperson from Amnesty International.Vadi's case mirrors that of Mohsen Langarneshin, who was exeçuted in April. He was accused of facilitating the 2022 assassination of Revolutionary Guard Colonel and aiding drone strikes in Isfahan. However, this aggressive response shows an attempt to deter further informants and any chances of internal conflict. The Vadi execution sheds little light on the shadowy world of intelligence warfare between Israel and Iran.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Iran executed a nuclear scientist on Wednesday, for leaking information that helped Israel carry out the nuclear strike in the 12-day-long war and led to the deaths of top officials and nuclear scientists.

Iran today executed Rouzbeh Vadi, a man convicted of spying for the Israeli Intelligence agency Mossad. According to the report by Judiciary news outlet Mizan, the execution was carried out at dawn, following allegations that Vadi passed sensitive information to Israel, which ultimately led to the targeted assassination of Iranian top officials and nuclear scientist during an Israeli air strike in June. According to Iran's judiciary, Vadi was employed by one of Iran's “important and sensitive organisations,” and he was recruited by Mossad online before meeting them in Vienna, Austria. Authorities claim he handed them over information that aided Israel's 12-day airstrike. Iran has already executed seven people for espionage during the conflict with Israel, sparking fear within activists and rights groups. Iran's opaque judicial process has long been condemned by the rights group. “We see a consistent lack of fair trials, forced confessions, and executions carried out behind closed doors,” said a spokesperson from Amnesty International. Vadi's case mirrors that of Mohsen Langarneshin, who was exeçuted in April. He was accused of facilitating the 2022 assassination of Revolutionary Guard Colonel and aiding drone strikes in Isfahan. However, this aggressive response shows an attempt to deter further informants and any chances of internal conflict. The Vadi execution sheds little light on the shadowy world of intelligence warfare between Israel and Iran.

Iran executed a nuclear scientist on Wednesday, for leaking information that helped Israel carry out the nuclear strike in the 12-day-long war and led to the deaths of top officials and nuclear scientists.

Executed for espionage: Iran hangs ‘Mossad Agent’ behind leak on assassinated nuclear scientist

The Indian Embassy in Iran has issued an advisory to its citizens on Wednesday (July 16), advising them to avoid travelling to Iran. This notice comes amid a heightened security situation that has been developing in the country for several weeks now. Iran and Israel had been embroiled in cross-border fighting, and a ceasefire was reached on June 24. The announcement came a day after the US launched strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities.&nbsp;The Indian Embassy's advisory read, “In view of the security-related developments over the past several weeks, Indian nationals are advised to carefully consider the evolving situation before undertaking non-essential travel to Iran. They are also advised to continue to monitor the latest regional developments and follow updated advisories issued by the Indian authorities.”

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><a href="https://t.co/boZI4hAVin">pic.twitter.com/boZI4hAVin</a>&mdash; India in Iran (@India_in_Iran) <a href="https://twitter.com/India_in_Iran/status/1945190015501234391?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 15, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

"Indian nationals already in Iran, and interested in leaving, may avail the commercial flight and ferry options which are available right now," it added.&nbsp;Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-do-not-travel-to-iran-state-dept-warns-iranian-americans-the-regime-does-not-recognise-dual-nationality-1752207343594">'Do not travel to Iran': State Dept warns Iranian-Americans the regime does not recognise dual nationality</a>&nbsp;Earlier on July 11, US had also issued a travel advisory to its citizens. Americans and Iranian-Americans in particular were adviced not to travel to the country as it doesn’t recognise dual citizenship. The notice informed, 'Americans, including Iranian-Americans and other dual-nationals, have been wrongfully detained—taken hostage—by the Iranian government for months, and years. The threat of detention is even greater today. Do not travel to Iran under any circumstances.’&nbsp;It came less than a month after US President Donald Trump had first ordered attack on Iran and then brokered peace in its conflict with Israel.

The Indian Embassy in Iran has issued an advisory to its citizens on Wednesday (July 16), advising them to avoid travelling to Iran. 

The Indian Embassy in Iran has issued an advisory to its citizens on Wednesday (July 16), advising them to avoid travelling to Iran. This notice comes amid a heightened security situation that has been developing in the country for several weeks now. Iran and Israel had been embroiled in cross-border fighting, and a ceasefire was reached on June 24. The announcement came a day after the US launched strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities. The Indian Embassy's advisory read, “In view of the security-related developments over the past several weeks, Indian nationals are advised to carefully consider the evolving situation before undertaking non-essential travel to Iran. They are also advised to continue to monitor the latest regional developments and follow updated advisories issued by the Indian authorities.”

The Indian Embassy in Iran has issued an advisory to its citizens on Wednesday (July 16), advising them to avoid travelling to Iran.&nbsp;

Avoid 'non-essential' travel to Iran: India issues fresh advisory to nationals

India’s crude oil imports from Russia surged to an 11-month high in June, as refiners hurried to bolster inventories against the backdrop of Israel–Iran tensions that have rattled global markets, according to vessel-tracking data cited by the Press Trust of India (PTI).&nbsp;Data from global commodity analytics firm Kpler show India imported 2.08 million barrels per day (bpd) of Russian crude in June, the highest monthly level since July 2024. “While India’s global imports of crude oil dropped by 6 per cent in June, Russian volumes saw an 8 per cent month-on-month rise to their highest levels since July 2024,” said the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), as quoted by PTI. CREA added that “more than half of these imports from Russia were made by three refineries in India, which also export refined products to G7+ countries.”<h2>Russia cements its role as India’s top oil supplier</h2>India has shifted decisively toward Russian barrels over the past three years. Once a marginal supplier, Moscow became India’s biggest crude source after offering steep discounts when Western buyers shunned its oil following the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. As of June 2025, Russia accounts for around 40 per cent of India’s total crude imports, according to PTI.&nbsp;India, which relies on imports for over 85 per cent of its crude oil needs, has traditionally sourced most of its supplies from the Middle East. But with discounted Russian oil, refiners have realigned their strategy despite geopolitical criticism from the West. Industry analysts say the discounts and flexible payment terms have made Russian grades irresistible, even as New Delhi insists on a strategy of diversifying suppliers to strengthen energy security.<h2>Competition from West Asian suppliers eases</h2>While Russian imports surged in June, India’s other major suppliers saw declines or only modest growth. According to Kpler data reported by the Press Trust of India (PTI), Iraq—India’s second-largest crude supplier, shipped 893,000 barrels per day (bpd) in June, marking a 17.2 per cent drop from May. Saudi Arabia’s deliveries held steady at around 581,000 bpd, while the United Arab Emirates boosted its volumes by 6.5 per cent to 490,000 bpd.&nbsp;As a share of India’s total oil imports in June, Iraq accounted for 18.5 per cent, Saudi Arabia for 12.1 per cent, the UAE for 10.2 per cent, and the United States maintained its fifth-place position with 303,000 bpd, or 6.3 per cent of the market, the data showed.<h2>India and China dominate Russian crude buying</h2>Analysts say India and China remain central to Moscow’s crude export strategy, with their purchases dwarfing those of other regions. As per analysis from the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) cited by PTI, China bought 47 per cent of Russia’s crude exports in June, while India purchased 38 per cent.&nbsp;The European Union and Turkiye followed with about 6 per cent each. “India remained the second-largest purchaser of Russian fossil fuels in June, importing fossil fuels worth €4.5 billion, with crude oil accounting for 80 per cent (€3.6 billion) of these imports,” CREA said, according to PTI.<h2>US and Brazil flows rise as India diversifies</h2>Even as Russia retained its dominant position in India’s oil mix, imports from the United States and Brazil have been climbing sharply, highlighting New Delhi’s ongoing diversification strategy. According to S&amp;P Global Commodity Insights, US crude inflows to India during January–June 2025 jumped more than 50 per cent from the same period in 2024.&nbsp;India imported an average of 271,000 bpd from the US in the first half of 2025, compared with 180,000 bpd a year earlier. Brazilian shipments posted even steeper growth, with crude inflows rising 80 per cent year-over-year to 73,000 bpd from 41,000 bpd in the first half of 2024. According to S&amp;P data cited by PTI, Russia retained its top-supplier crown in the first half of 2025 with shipments averaging 1.67 million bpd, up slightly from 1.66 million bpd in the same period last year.<h2>Geopolitical backdrop: War worries and supply security</h2>Analysts attribute the spike in India’s Russian oil imports in June partly to precautionary stockpiling amid fears of wider conflict in West Asia following hostilities between Israel and Iran earlier this year. Indian refiners, keen to ensure robust inventories, have moved to secure supplies in case war disrupts shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, a critical chokepoint for global energy flows. &nbsp;As India navigates this tense geopolitical environment, its strategy appears to balance opportunistic buying of discounted Russian barrels with efforts to expand ties with non-OPEC suppliers such as the US and Brazil. Industry officials suggest that while Russia’s discounts have been attractive, India’s long-term policy is to avoid over-reliance on any single source, even one offering significant savings.

India boosts Russian oil imports to 2.08 million bpd in June amid Israel and Iran tensions, while expanding crude ties with the US and Brazil for supply security.

India’s crude oil imports from Russia surged to an 11-month high in June, as refiners hurried to bolster inventories against the backdrop of Israel–Iran tensions that have rattled global markets, according to vessel-tracking data cited by the Press Trust of India (PTI). Data from global commodity analytics firm Kpler show India imported 2.08 million barrels per day (bpd) of Russian crude in June, the highest monthly level since July 2024. “While India’s global imports of crude oil dropped by 6 per cent in June, Russian volumes saw an 8 per cent month-on-month rise to their highest levels since July 2024,” said the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA), as quoted by PTI. CREA added that “more than half of these imports from Russia were made by three refineries in India, which also export refined products to G7+ countries.” Russia cements its role as India’s top oil supplier India has shifted decisively toward Russian barrels over the past three years. Once a marginal supplier, Moscow became India’s biggest crude source after offering steep discounts when Western buyers shunned its oil following the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. As of June 2025, Russia accounts for around 40 per cent of India’s total crude imports, according to PTI. India, which relies on imports for over 85 per cent of its crude oil needs, has traditionally sourced most of its supplies from the Middle East. But with discounted Russian oil, refiners have realigned their strategy despite geopolitical criticism from the West. Industry analysts say the discounts and flexible payment terms have made Russian grades irresistible, even as New Delhi insists on a strategy of diversifying suppliers to strengthen energy security. Competition from West Asian suppliers eases While Russian imports surged in June, India’s other major suppliers saw declines or only modest growth. According to Kpler data reported by the Press Trust of India (PTI), Iraq—India’s second-largest crude supplier, shipped 893,000 barrels per day (bpd) in June, marking a 17.2 per cent drop from May. Saudi Arabia’s deliveries held steady at around 581,000 bpd, while the United Arab Emirates boosted its volumes by 6.5 per cent to 490,000 bpd. As a share of India’s total oil imports in June, Iraq accounted for 18.5 per cent, Saudi Arabia for 12.1 per cent, the UAE for 10.2 per cent, and the United States maintained its fifth-place position with 303,000 bpd, or 6.3 per cent of the market, the data showed. India and China dominate Russian crude buying Analysts say India and China remain central to Moscow’s crude export strategy, with their purchases dwarfing those of other regions. As per analysis from the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) cited by PTI, China bought 47 per cent of Russia’s crude exports in June, while India purchased 38 per cent. The European Union and Turkiye followed with about 6 per cent each. “India remained the second-largest purchaser of Russian fossil fuels in June, importing fossil fuels worth €4.5 billion, with crude oil accounting for 80 per cent (€3.6 billion) of these imports,” CREA said, according to PTI. US and Brazil flows rise as India diversifies Even as Russia retained its dominant position in India’s oil mix, imports from the United States and Brazil have been climbing sharply, highlighting New Delhi’s ongoing diversification strategy. According to S&P Global Commodity Insights, US crude inflows to India during January–June 2025 jumped more than 50 per cent from the same period in 2024. India imported an average of 271,000 bpd from the US in the first half of 2025, compared with 180,000 bpd a year earlier. Brazilian shipments posted even steeper growth, with crude inflows rising 80 per cent year-over-year to 73,000 bpd from 41,000 bpd in the first half of 2024. According to S&P data cited by PTI, Russia retained its top-supplier crown in the first half of 2025 with shipments averaging 1.67 million bpd, up slightly from 1.66 million bpd in the same period last year. Geopolitical backdrop: War worries and supply security Analysts attribute the spike in India’s Russian oil imports in June partly to precautionary stockpiling amid fears of wider conflict in West Asia following hostilities between Israel and Iran earlier this year. Indian refiners, keen to ensure robust inventories, have moved to secure supplies in case war disrupts shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, a critical chokepoint for global energy flows. As India navigates this tense geopolitical environment, its strategy appears to balance opportunistic buying of discounted Russian barrels with efforts to expand ties with non-OPEC suppliers such as the US and Brazil. Industry officials suggest that while Russia’s discounts have been attractive, India’s long-term policy is to avoid over-reliance on any single source, even one offering significant savings.

India’s crude oil imports from Russia hit an 11-month high in June 2025 amid West Asia tensions, as refiners stockpiled discounted barrels while diversifying with US and Brazilian supplies.

India’s Russian oil imports surge to 11-month high in June on war supply fears

US National Intelligence Director Tulsi Gabbard has come out in support of President Donald Trump’s assertions that Iran’s nuclear facilities have been destroyed and it would take Tehran years to rebuild them. Gabbard also slammed the news organisations that reported on a leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment concluding that Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and has only been set back by months. Gabbard said in a post on X that Iran’s nuclear facilities have been destroyed. “If the Iranians chose to rebuild, they would have to rebuild all three facilities (Natanz, Fordow, Esfahan) entirely, which would likely take years to do,” she said in the post.&nbsp;The DNI also took aim at news organisations that published contents of the leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment that concluded Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and probably only been set back by months.&nbsp;“The propaganda media has deployed their usual tactic: selectively release portions of illegally leaked classified intelligence assessments (intentionally leaving out the fact that the assessment was written with “low confidence”) to try to undermine President Trump’s decisive leadership and the brave servicemen and women who flawlessly executed a truly historic mission to keep the American people safe and secure,” Gabbard wrote.&nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">New intelligence confirms what <a href="https://twitter.com/POTUS?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@POTUS</a> has stated numerous times: Iran&#39;s nuclear facilities have been destroyed. If the Iranians chose to rebuild, they would have to rebuild all three facilities (Natanz, Fordow, Esfahan) entirely, which would likely take years to do. The…&mdash; DNI Tulsi Gabbard (@DNIGabbard) <a href="https://twitter.com/DNIGabbard/status/1937934899710710170?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 25, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

The preliminary classified assessment by the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Pentagon’s military intelligence wing, said that airstrikes on three Iranian nuclear sites did not destroy the facilities completely and set Iran’s nuclear programme back by a few months, not years. The assessment was first reported by CNN, followed by NBC News and other outlets.&nbsp;Trump also acknowledged the existence of the Defense Intelligence Agency’s report, which has not been made public, but suggested the data used was insufficient.&nbsp;“They did a report, but it was like, if you look at the dates, it’s just a few days after, so they didn’t see the sites,” Trump said. “The report was not a complete report,” he said.&nbsp;The Pentagon has launched a “leak investigation” with the FBI, Hegseth said Wednesday. He also noted that the report was preliminary and was labelled “low confidence”.&nbsp;Meanwhile, Israel’s Atomic Energy Commission said that the US strike on Fordo “destroyed the site’s critical infrastructure and rendered the enrichment facility inoperable.”The combined strikes by the US and Israel have “set back Iran’s ability to develop nuclear weapons by many years,” it added.

Tulsi Gabbard also took aim at news organisations that published contents of the leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment that concluded Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and probably only been set back by months.

US National Intelligence Director Tulsi Gabbard has come out in support of President Donald Trump’s assertions that Iran’s nuclear facilities have been destroyed and it would take Tehran years to rebuild them. Gabbard also slammed the news organisations that reported on a leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment concluding that Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and has only been set back by months. Gabbard said in a post on X that Iran’s nuclear facilities have been destroyed. “If the Iranians chose to rebuild, they would have to rebuild all three facilities (Natanz, Fordow, Esfahan) entirely, which would likely take years to do,” she said in the post. The DNI also took aim at news organisations that published contents of the leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment that concluded Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and probably only been set back by months. “The propaganda media has deployed their usual tactic: selectively release portions of illegally leaked classified intelligence assessments (intentionally leaving out the fact that the assessment was written with “low confidence”) to try to undermine President Trump’s decisive leadership and the brave servicemen and women who flawlessly executed a truly historic mission to keep the American people safe and secure,” Gabbard wrote.

Tulsi Gabbard also took aim at news organisations that published contents of the leaked Pentagon intelligence assessment that concluded Iran’s nuclear programme has not been destroyed and probably only been set back by months.

US national intelligence director Tulsi Gabbard backs Trump, says Iran’s nuclear sites destroyed

The United States' decision to join Israel in direct strikes on Iran's nuclear sites marks a significant escalation in a long and turbulent history. However, this conflict is not new, it didn't begin in 2025, nor in 1979, but decades earlier with oil, colonial interests, and a CIA-backed coup. There is a decade long struggle for power between Iran and the West. Here's a detailed look at how nearly a century of intervention, revolution, nuclear diplomacy, and proxy wars have led to the current flashpoint. The earliest known point of the conflict was in 1951.&nbsp;<h2>1951–1953: The Oil Crisis and Mossadegh's Fall</h2>In the early 50's Iran had a liberal Prime Minister nurturing a delicate democracy, who believed in shipping the country's oil resources offshore and using that wealth in investing on the country and it's people. The Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh’s nationalisation of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951, however, threatened British and Western oil interests. The response was very swift and covert. In 1953, the CIA and British intelligence orchestrated a coup also known as 'Operation Ajax', deposing Mossadegh and restoring the Shah to power, this was proved through a declassified document of the CIA which admits to 'Ajax' 'having a hand' in demonstrations that spilled onto the streets of Tehran. The Shah’s government later signed the 1954 Consortium Agreement, giving British, American, and French oil firms 40% ownership of Iran’s oil for 25 years.&nbsp;<h2>1957: Nuclear Cooperation Begins</h2>&nbsp;Under President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s 'Atoms for Peace' initiative, Iran received nuclear technology from the US. This was after the US and Iran signed the Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atoms agreement. This cooperation laid the groundwork for Iran’s nuclear programme, with the US even supplying weapons-grade uranium and a reactor.&nbsp;<h2>1979: Revolution and Rupture</h2>&nbsp;A popular uprising overthrew the US-backed Shah in 1979, replacing the monarchy with Ayatollah Khomeini’s Islamic Republic. That year, Iranian protestors also seized the US Embassy in Tehran, taking 52 Americans hostage for about 444 days. Khomeini took power as the supreme leader in December, resultantly turning Iran from a pro-West monarchy to a vehemently anti-West Islamic theocracy. As a result, the diplomatic ties between the two countries were severed and never fully restored. The Iranian oil imports were sanctioned and Iranian assets were blocked.&nbsp;<h2>1980s: Proxy War and Sanctions</h2>&nbsp;During the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88), the US supported Saddam Hussein’s Iraq against the war, despite Iraq's use of chemical weapons. Iran paid a heavy price, losing over a million people in the conflict. In 1988, the US Navy accidently shot down an Iranian passenger plane, killing all 290 civilians on-board. The US also imposed heavy sanctions throughout the decade.&nbsp;<h2>1990s: Isolation Deepens</h2><h2>&nbsp;</h2>The US ramped up sanctions under Presidents Bush and Clinton administrations. The 1996 Iran and Libya Sanctions Act targeted foreign investment in Iran’s energy sector imposing an embargo against these non-American companies investing more than $20 million per year. Meanwhile, Qasem Soleimani rose through the ranks of the IRGC, eventually leading the Quds Force, Iran’s elite military unit focused on foreign operations.&nbsp;<h2>2000s: Axis of Evil and Nuclear Suspicion</h2>&nbsp;In 2002, President George W. Bush labelled Iran part of the "Axis of Evil" along with Iraq and N. Korea. Even though Iran helped the US post-9/11 against the Taliban, tensions escalated over nuclear development. In 2003 found traces of enriched uranium, however, Iran denies plans for a bomb. By 2006, Iran was enriching uranium and dismissing Western concerns.&nbsp;<h2>2015: The Nuclear Deal</h2>&nbsp;After years of negotiation, Iran finally signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with the US and world powers in 2015. This deal limited Iran’s nuclear programme in exchange for easing the sanctions. President Obama called it a historic step toward non-proliferation.&nbsp;<h2>2018: Trump Withdraws</h2>&nbsp;President Donald Trump withdrew from the JCPOA, calling it 'one-sided' and 'the worst deal ever'. He reinstated sanctions under a 'maximum pressure' campaign on Iran. Iran responded by ramping up uranium enrichment, breaching the deal’s limits. Trump later designated the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) which is a branch of the Iranian army—a foreign terrorist organization (FTO).&nbsp;<h2>2020: Soleimani’s Assassination</h2>&nbsp;In January 2020, the US killed Qasem Soleimani in a drone strike in Baghdad after Trump's order. Soleimani was considered as the most powerful person after Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Iran retaliated with missile strikes on US bases in Iraq, in the process, accidentally shooting down a Ukrainian passenger jet. The move marked a sharp deterioration in relations. Iran's parliament approves a bill to boost uranium enrichment to 20 per cent which was far beyond the concentrations permitted by the JCPOA.&nbsp;<h2>2021–2022: Stalled Diplomacy</h2>&nbsp;The Biden administration attempted to revive the nuclear deal, but talks stalled, particularly after hardliner Ebrahim Raisi became the president of Iran. Iran began supplying drones to Russia during the Ukraine war, further straining relations with the West.&nbsp;<h2>2023: A Fragile Thaw</h2>In 2023, the US and Iran conducted a prisoner swap, and $6 billion in frozen Iranian funds were released. The Republican lawmakers, however, criticise the deal, which is said to be mediated by governments including Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, as a ransom paid to a hostile government. But the detente was short-lived. In October, Hamas attacked Israel killing more than 1,200 civilians. Though Iran denied involvement, tensions soared again.&nbsp;<h2>2024: Direct Attacks Begin</h2>&nbsp;For the first time ever, Iran launched hundreds of missiles and drones at Israel in April and again in October. Israel retaliated with its largest direct attack on Iranian soil, with the help of US military and intelligence support.&nbsp;<h2>2025: From Pressure to War</h2>&nbsp;January: Trump returned to office for the second time, and revived his 'maximum pressure' strategy on Iran. March: The US and Iran began a series of negotiations aimed at reaching a nuclear peace agreement following a letter sent by Trump to Khamenei, the letter set a two-month deadline for the agreement. April–May: Indirect talks between US and Iran, mediated by Oman and held in Rome failed. Iran refused to halt uranium enrichment. June 13: Israel bombed major Iranian nuclear facilities. Trump initially distanced himself. June 22: The US officially entered the conflict, targeting Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan nuclear sites. President Trump called it 'a clear warning'. Khamenei went into hiding into a secure underground bunker, fearing an assassination attempt. In a televised statement, Trump said, "Iran’s key nuclear enrichment facilities have been completely and totally obliterated." He confirmed that 30 Tomahawk missiles and six GBU-57 bunker-busters were used. &nbsp;

There is a decade long struggle for power between Iran and the West. Here's a detailed look at how nearly a century of intervention, revolution, nuclear diplomacy and proxy wars have led to the current flashpoint. The earliest known point of the conflict was in 1951.

The United States' decision to join Israel in direct strikes on Iran's nuclear sites marks a significant escalation in a long and turbulent history. However, this conflict is not new, it didn't begin in 2025, nor in 1979, but decades earlier with oil, colonial interests, and a CIA-backed coup. There is a decade long struggle for power between Iran and the West. Here's a detailed look at how nearly a century of intervention, revolution, nuclear diplomacy, and proxy wars have led to the current flashpoint. The earliest known point of the conflict was in 1951. 1951–1953: The Oil Crisis and Mossadegh's Fall In the early 50's Iran had a liberal Prime Minister nurturing a delicate democracy, who believed in shipping the country's oil resources offshore and using that wealth in investing on the country and it's people. The Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh’s nationalisation of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951, however, threatened British and Western oil interests. The response was very swift and covert. In 1953, the CIA and British intelligence orchestrated a coup also known as 'Operation Ajax', deposing Mossadegh and restoring the Shah to power, this was proved through a declassified document of the CIA which admits to 'Ajax' 'having a hand' in demonstrations that spilled onto the streets of Tehran. The Shah’s government later signed the 1954 Consortium Agreement, giving British, American, and French oil firms 40% ownership of Iran’s oil for 25 years. 1957: Nuclear Cooperation Begins Under President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s 'Atoms for Peace' initiative, Iran received nuclear technology from the US. This was after the US and Iran signed the Cooperation Concerning Civil Uses of Atoms agreement. This cooperation laid the groundwork for Iran’s nuclear programme, with the US even supplying weapons-grade uranium and a reactor. 1979: Revolution and Rupture A popular uprising overthrew the US-backed Shah in 1979, replacing the monarchy with Ayatollah Khomeini’s Islamic Republic. That year, Iranian protestors also seized the US Embassy in Tehran, taking 52 Americans hostage for about 444 days. Khomeini took power as the supreme leader in December, resultantly turning Iran from a pro-West monarchy to a vehemently anti-West Islamic theocracy. As a result, the diplomatic ties between the two countries were severed and never fully restored. The Iranian oil imports were sanctioned and Iranian assets were blocked. 1980s: Proxy War and Sanctions During the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88), the US supported Saddam Hussein’s Iraq against the war, despite Iraq's use of chemical weapons. Iran paid a heavy price, losing over a million people in the conflict. In 1988, the US Navy accidently shot down an Iranian passenger plane, killing all 290 civilians on-board. The US also imposed heavy sanctions throughout the decade. 1990s: Isolation Deepens The US ramped up sanctions under Presidents Bush and Clinton administrations. The 1996 Iran and Libya Sanctions Act targeted foreign investment in Iran’s energy sector imposing an embargo against these non-American companies investing more than $20 million per year. Meanwhile, Qasem Soleimani rose through the ranks of the IRGC, eventually leading the Quds Force, Iran’s elite military unit focused on foreign operations. 2000s: Axis of Evil and Nuclear Suspicion In 2002, President George W. Bush labelled Iran part of the "Axis of Evil" along with Iraq and N. Korea. Even though Iran helped the US post-9/11 against the Taliban, tensions escalated over nuclear development. In 2003 found traces of enriched uranium, however, Iran denies plans for a bomb. By 2006, Iran was enriching uranium and dismissing Western concerns. 2015: The Nuclear Deal After years of negotiation, Iran finally signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with the US and world powers in 2015. This deal limited Iran’s nuclear programme in exchange for easing the sanctions. President Obama called it a historic step toward non-proliferation. 2018: Trump Withdraws President Donald Trump withdrew from the JCPOA, calling it 'one-sided' and 'the worst deal ever'. He reinstated sanctions under a 'maximum pressure' campaign on Iran. Iran responded by ramping up uranium enrichment, breaching the deal’s limits. Trump later designated the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) which is a branch of the Iranian army—a foreign terrorist organization (FTO). 2020: Soleimani’s Assassination In January 2020, the US killed Qasem Soleimani in a drone strike in Baghdad after Trump's order. Soleimani was considered as the most powerful person after Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Iran retaliated with missile strikes on US bases in Iraq, in the process, accidentally shooting down a Ukrainian passenger jet. The move marked a sharp deterioration in relations. Iran's parliament approves a bill to boost uranium enrichment to 20 per cent which was far beyond the concentrations permitted by the JCPOA. 2021–2022: Stalled Diplomacy The Biden administration attempted to revive the nuclear deal, but talks stalled, particularly after hardliner Ebrahim Raisi became the president of Iran. Iran began supplying drones to Russia during the Ukraine war, further straining relations with the West. 2023: A Fragile Thaw In 2023, the US and Iran conducted a prisoner swap, and $6 billion in frozen Iranian funds were released. The Republican lawmakers, however, criticise the deal, which is said to be mediated by governments including Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, as a ransom paid to a hostile government. But the detente was short-lived. In October, Hamas attacked Israel killing more than 1,200 civilians. Though Iran denied involvement, tensions soared again. 2024: Direct Attacks Begin For the first time ever, Iran launched hundreds of missiles and drones at Israel in April and again in October. Israel retaliated with its largest direct attack on Iranian soil, with the help of US military and intelligence support. 2025: From Pressure to War January: Trump returned to office for the second time, and revived his 'maximum pressure' strategy on Iran. March: The US and Iran began a series of negotiations aimed at reaching a nuclear peace agreement following a letter sent by Trump to Khamenei, the letter set a two-month deadline for the agreement. April–May: Indirect talks between US and Iran, mediated by Oman and held in Rome failed. Iran refused to halt uranium enrichment. June 13: Israel bombed major Iranian nuclear facilities. Trump initially distanced himself. June 22: The US officially entered the conflict, targeting Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan nuclear sites. President Trump called it 'a clear warning'. Khamenei went into hiding into a secure underground bunker, fearing an assassination attempt. In a televised statement, Trump said, "Iran’s key nuclear enrichment facilities have been completely and totally obliterated." He confirmed that 30 Tomahawk missiles and six GBU-57 bunker-busters were used.

There is a decade long struggle for power between Iran and the West. Here's a detailed look at how nearly a century of intervention, revolution, nuclear diplomacy, and proxy wars have led to the current flashpoint. The earliest known point of the conflict was in 1951.

Explained | A history of treachery, treaties, and the blade of war: Understanding the US–Iran love–hate saga

At 86, Khamenei commands every lever of Iranian power. He commands the Iranian armed forces, appoints heads of the judiciary, state media as well as the key security agencies of the country. 

Power, money, and a passion for Victor Hugo: 6 facts about Iran’s elusive leader Ayatollah Khamenei

Amid ongoing Israel-Iran conflict, old social media post of Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei have surfaced drawing attention for his unexpectedly liberal and feminist tone. Some over a old post show Khamenei expressing support for women’s rights, sharing an interest in poetry, and backing the Black Lives Matter movement.These resurfaced remarks show a surprisingly different image of Khamenei, prompting many on social media to call him progressive in his views. In several women-focused posts, he not only advocated for gender equality but also expressed thoughts on love and relationships.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/who-is-ali-hosseini-khamenei-the-supreme-leader-of-iran-1750406418683">Who is Ali Hosseini Khamenei, the supreme leader of Iran?</a>In a post on X (formerly known as twitter), Khamenei said, "Man has a responsibility to understand #woman's needs and feelings and must not be neglectful toward her #emotional state."

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">Man has a responsibility to understand <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/woman?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#woman</a>’s needs and feelings and must not be neglectful toward her <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/emotional?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#emotional</a> state&mdash; Khamenei.ir (@khamenei_ir) <a href="https://twitter.com/khamenei_ir/status/379319220154413056?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 15, 2013</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

Comparing the strength between both the gender, he highlighted, "Women are stronger than men. Women can completely control and influence men with their wisdom and delicacy." &nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">Women are stronger than men. Women can completely control and influence men with their wisdom and delicacy. May 11, 2013&mdash; Khamenei.ir (@khamenei_ir) <a href="https://twitter.com/khamenei_ir/status/971470862187683840?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 7, 2018</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

"I'm not into cinema and visual arts but when it comes to poetry and novels, I'm not just a typical audience," he added. &nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">I&#39;m not into cinema and visual arts but when it comes to poetry and novels, I&#39;m not just a typical audience. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Books?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Books</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/AvidReader?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#AvidReader</a>&mdash; Khamenei.ir (@khamenei_ir) <a href="https://twitter.com/khamenei_ir/status/570500575835455488?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 25, 2015</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

In an another post, Khamenei expressed his thoughts on a book that he read, which was written by India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, to understand the country's past. "Before studying "Glimpses of World History" by Mr. #Nehru I didn't know #India before colonization had undergone so many important #advances," he also said. &nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">Before studying &quot;Glimpses of World History&quot; by Mr. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Nehru?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Nehru</a> I didn&#39;t know <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/India?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#India</a> before colonization had undergone so many important <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/advances?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#advances</a>&mdash; Khamenei.ir (@khamenei_ir) <a href="https://twitter.com/khamenei_ir/status/364809219112837120?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 6, 2013</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

<h3>Netizens React To Post</h3>“What a lovely Islamist you are, ” an user said.Other user stated, “The truly great rulers care for all their people's needs.”"i apologize, ayatollah khamenei, i was unfamiliar with your game," the next also said. Another wrote: "Born to be a lover, forced to be the supreme leader." The next also commented: "Ayatollah Khamenei is the first guy to be uncancelled after old tweets resurfaced." &nbsp;

Several old post of Supreme leader of Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has surfaced on social media showing liberal and feminist tone supporting for women’s rights.

Amid ongoing Israel-Iran conflict, old social media post of Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei have surfaced drawing attention for his unexpectedly liberal and feminist tone. Some over a old post show Khamenei expressing support for women’s rights, sharing an interest in poetry, and backing the Black Lives Matter movement. These resurfaced remarks show a surprisingly different image of Khamenei, prompting many on social media to call him progressive in his views. In several women-focused posts, he not only advocated for gender equality but also expressed thoughts on love and relationships. Also Read: Who is Ali Hosseini Khamenei, the supreme leader of Iran? In a post on X (formerly known as twitter), Khamenei said, "Man has a responsibility to understand #woman's needs and feelings and must not be neglectful toward her #emotional state."

Several old post of Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has surfaced on social media showing liberal and feminist tone supporting for women’s rights.

'Women are stronger than men': Khamenei’s old posts go viral amid Israel-Iran tensions

Iranians living abroad trying to get in touch with their loved ones in the country are being greeted by a strange robotic voice. Associated Press heard the recordings and described them as "deeply eerie and disconcerting." No one knows who is behind the robotic voices on call, with some experts saying it could be Iran diverting international calls, while others think Israel could also be responsible. Ellie, a British-Iranian living in the United Kingdom, called her mother in Tehran, and got this response - “Alo? Alo? Who is calling?” After a few seconds, the voice said, “I can’t heard you." It then adds, "Who you want to speak with? I’m Alyssia. Do you remember me? I think I don’t know who are you," all in incorrect English.The news agency reported that at least nine Iranians in other countries say they have been met by the creepy voice recordings. AP shared the voice clips with five experts, who think it could be "low-tech artificial intelligence, a chatbot or a pre-recorded message to which calls from abroad were diverted." Four of them think the Iranian government is behind the eerie voice on the call. One of them believes it could also be Israel.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/1-000-kg-nuclear-bombshell-why-attack-on-iran-s-bushehr-plant-could-trigger-catastrophic-fallout-1750442777514">1,000 kg nuclear bombshell: Why attack on Iran’s Bushehr plant could trigger catastrophic fallout</a>&nbsp;Israel and Iran are locked in a tense battle with each pounding the other with drones and missiles. Amid the ongoing situation, it has become impossible for Iranians in other countries to gain information about their family and friends as the government has imposed a widespread internet blackout in the name of "protecting the country."&nbsp;https://www.wionews.com/videos/breaking-israel-iran-war-iran-launches-new-barrage-of-missiles-at-israel-1750471850894/embed&nbsp;Speaking to AP on condition of anonymity, some of these people shared the experience they had with the robot voices. A woman in New York heard the same message when she called her mother, and is completely creeped out. She calls it "psychological warfare". To hear an AI voice when calling your mom "is one of the scariest things I’ve ever experienced. I can feel it in my body," the woman said.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-won-t-stop-until-we-remove-threat-israeli-fm-says-delayed-iran-s-nuclear-bomb-by-at-least-two-or-three-years-1750458846468">‘Won’t stop until we remove threat’: Israeli FM says delayed Iran’s nuclear bomb by ‘at least two or three years’</a>&nbsp;Another recording merely has the bot greeting the person in a foreign country with words of wisdom about life. “Thank you for taking the time to listen. Today, I’d like to share some thoughts with you and share a few things that might resonate in our daily lives. Life is full of unexpected surprises, and these surprises can sometimes bring joy while at other times they challenge us.”Meanwhile, there are others who never get any response, and the phone keeps ringing endlessly. AP quoted Colin Crowell, a former vice president for Twitter’s global policy, as saying that the calls are likely being diverted to a default messaging system to ensure the calls are not completed. Amir Rashidi, an Iranian cybersecurity expert based in the US, said the Iranian government appears to be trying to thwart hackers.&nbsp; &nbsp;

Iran-Israel war: Iranians abroad calling their homes in the country are creeped out at listening to a robot answer, saying weird things, seemingly trying to prevent them from contacting their loved ones. Who is behind it?  

Iranians living abroad trying to get in touch with their loved ones in the country are being greeted by a strange robotic voice. Associated Press heard the recordings and described them as "deeply eerie and disconcerting." No one knows who is behind the robotic voices on call, with some experts saying it could be Iran diverting international calls, while others think Israel could also be responsible. Ellie, a British-Iranian living in the United Kingdom, called her mother in Tehran, and got this response - “Alo? Alo? Who is calling?” After a few seconds, the voice said, “I can’t heard you." It then adds, "Who you want to speak with? I’m Alyssia. Do you remember me? I think I don’t know who are you," all in incorrect English. The news agency reported that at least nine Iranians in other countries say they have been met by the creepy voice recordings. AP shared the voice clips with five experts, who think it could be "low-tech artificial intelligence, a chatbot or a pre-recorded message to which calls from abroad were diverted." Four of them think the Iranian government is behind the eerie voice on the call. One of them believes it could also be Israel. Also Read: 1,000 kg nuclear bombshell: Why attack on Iran’s Bushehr plant could trigger catastrophic fallout Israel and Iran are locked in a tense battle with each pounding the other with drones and missiles. Amid the ongoing situation, it has become impossible for Iranians in other countries to gain information about their family and friends as the government has imposed a widespread internet blackout in the name of "protecting the country." https://www.wionews.com/videos/breaking-israel-iran-war-iran-launches-new-barrage-of-missiles-at-israel-1750471850894/embed Speaking to AP on condition of anonymity, some of these people shared the experience they had with the robot voices. A woman in New York heard the same message when she called her mother, and is completely creeped out. She calls it "psychological warfare". To hear an AI voice when calling your mom "is one of the scariest things I’ve ever experienced. I can feel it in my body," the woman said. Also Read: ‘Won’t stop until we remove threat’: Israeli FM says delayed Iran’s nuclear bomb by ‘at least two or three years’ Another recording merely has the bot greeting the person in a foreign country with words of wisdom about life. “Thank you for taking the time to listen. Today, I’d like to share some thoughts with you and share a few things that might resonate in our daily lives. Life is full of unexpected surprises, and these surprises can sometimes bring joy while at other times they challenge us.” Meanwhile, there are others who never get any response, and the phone keeps ringing endlessly. AP quoted Colin Crowell, a former vice president for Twitter’s global policy, as saying that the calls are likely being diverted to a default messaging system to ensure the calls are not completed. Amir Rashidi, an Iranian cybersecurity expert based in the US, said the Iranian government appears to be trying to thwart hackers.

Iran-Israel war: Iranians abroad calling their homes in the country are creeped out at listening to a robot answer, saying weird things, seemingly trying to prevent them from contacting their loved ones. Who is behind it? &nbsp;

'Do you remember me?' Deeply eerie, creepy voice greets people calling homes in Iran

Ballistic missiles are launched from land, sea, or air and follow a curved path through the atmosphere and space before hitting their target. They vary in range, from short-range missiles (up to 1,000 km) to intercontinental missiles that can travel over 5,500 km.

Iran-Israel conflict: How ballistic missiles work and where can they reach?

After a week of relentless strikes and counter-strikes, the Iran–Israel conflict has escalated from covert proxy warfare to overt, devastating kinetic operations. Israel’s aggressive aerial campaign has directly targeted the heart of Iran’s nuclear infrastructure—striking Natanz, Fordow, and military sites near Tehran—eliminating key nuclear scientists and IRGC commanders, crippling air defence assets, and establishing air superiority for future punitive operations.Iran has responded with missile and drone attacks (including hypersonic variants), targeting Israeli cities, military and intelligence installations, and economic infrastructure. These responses, while demonstrating Tehran’s resolve, have largely been intercepted by Israel’s layered air defence, bolstered by U.S. and allied support.The spectre of regional escalation, nuclear fallout, and possible American military intervention has cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. Global markets have been rattled, and the world watches closely—especially with Donald Trump stepping into the spotlight with threats of “unconditional surrender” from Iran (Dismissed by Khomeini) and ambitions to reassert U.S. strategic dominance.&nbsp;<h2>Netanyahu’s Gamble: “Think Big or Go Home”</h2>&nbsp;Israel’s Strategic Aim: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s overarching goal is to decisively degrade Iran’s nuclear and military capability, dismantle its command structures, re-establish deterrence, and reap domestic political dividends. His extended strategic intent, it seems, also includes pushing for regime change, evidenced by open threats to assassinate Iran’s Supreme Leader.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-hiding-military-aircraft-american-warplanes-vanish-from-qatar-base-amid-israel-iran-tensions-1750384150003">US hiding military aircraft? American warplanes vanish from Qatar base amid Israel-Iran tensions</a>&nbsp;Israel’s Strategy: Israel’s campaign was meticulously choreographed in phases. The first targeted Iran’s proxies—Hamas and Hezbollah—through pre-emptive strikes, buffer-zone creation in Syria, and relentless cyber and covert attacks, concluding successfully by mid-2025.The second phase began with full-scale air, cyber, and intelligence operations on Iranian soil. Fighter aircraft, missiles, and drones executed precision standoff strikes, crippling Iranian airdefences and eliminating key figures within its military and nuclear programs. Natanz and Fordow were repeatedly targeted, with visible overground damage reported.However, the fortified underground cascade halls and deep bunkers at these sites remain intact. Without American assistance—specifically B-2 bombers and GBU-57 bunker-buster munitions—Netanyahu cannot achieve complete destruction. Thus, Trump’s entry into the fray becomes crucial.Netanyahu’s call for Iranian citizens to overthrow their regime may prove counterproductive. Regardless of political leanings, most Iranians view both Israel and the U.S. as staunch adversaries. Bombing campaigns often consolidate nationalism rather than foster dissent. Worse, a regime collapse might pave the way for even more hardline successors.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/iran-israel-ukraine-girl-cancer-treatment-dies-in-iranian-attack-1750388799607">Seven-year-old girl who escaped war-torn Ukraine for cancer treatment in Israel dies in Iranian attack</a>&nbsp;<h2>Iran’s Riposte: Testing Resolve, Not Just Power</h2>&nbsp;Iran’s Strategic Objectives: Iran’s goals are straightforward: avenge Israeli aggression, uphold regime legitimacy and national honour, maintain nuclear and military posture, and demonstrate that it cannot be coerced into submission.Iran’s Strategy: Iran has adopted a multidimensional response: missile and drone strikes on Israeli cities, cyber operations, and limited proxy mobilisation. While some Israeli military and strategic targets were hit, Tehran suffered substantial infrastructure losses in return. Proxies like Hezbollah and Hamas, still reeling from prior Israeli offensives, have yet to contribute meaningfully.Iran has refrained from actions that would force full-scale U.S. involvement—like closing the Strait of Hormuz or striking American bases—but continues to showcase its capacity for long-term conflict. It is also leveraging its missile capabilities, regional influence, and diplomatic ties with Russia, China, and segments of the Global South to shift the narrative in its favour and blame Israel and the U.S. for global instability, energy and economic crisis, as the world feels the ripple effects of surge in oil prices and financial uncertainty.&nbsp;https://www.wionews.com/videos/iran-launches-new-wave-of-missiles-on-israel-idf-1750396281757/embed&nbsp;While maintaining retaliatory capability, Iran must navigate a precarious balance—displaying enough strength to deter aggression, yet avoiding a regional war it cannot sustain. Internally, the regime grapples with worsening sanctions, economic strain, and simmering dissent. Should Iran's survival feel threatened, it may escalate uranium enrichment further underground.&nbsp;<h2>Can U.S. Intervention Tip the Balance?</h2>&nbsp;The U.S. is already deeply involved—providing intelligence, air defence, logistical support, and munitions. The critical question is whether Trump will authorise direct bunker-buster strikes on Iran’s nuclear sites.Trump has redeployed U.S. military assets—carrier groups, refuelling tankers, and advanced munitions—to the region. But even these might not guarantee complete destruction of Iran’s deeply buried nuclear infrastructure. A full ground invasion—akin to Iraq or Afghanistan—would be politically toxic and strategically disastrous for the U.S.On social media, Trump’s rhetoric has intensified: calls for “unconditional surrender,” evacuation warnings for Tehran, and veiled threats to Iran’s Supreme Leader. This may bepsychological warfare—intended to force Iran into accepting a deal that dismantles its nuclear ambitions without actual war.However, Trump faces significant internal and external constraints. Domestically, his hawkish stance may please Republican hardliners and defence contractors, but it alienates the anti-war MAGA base. Bipartisan voices in Congress—Sanders, Kaine, Khanna—are already moving to restrict Trump’s war-making powers. Globally, even U.S. allies urge restraint, fearing Gulf destabilisation and oil market disruptions.Will Trump Pull the Trigger?<h2>This ambivalence defines the central question: will Trump authorise strikes?</h2>So far, he has stopped at the brink—supplying weapons, intelligence, and air defence—but not engaging in direct attacks. His hesitation stems from uncertainty about the effectiveness of bunker-busting munitions and concerns over the geopolitical and humanitarian costs of a full-blown war.Iran has not crossed red lines like attacking U.S. forces or closing Hormuz. This gives Trump the space to play the long game—maintain strategic pressure, demonstrate resolve, but avoid entrapment. A limited support role allows him to stay influential without being dragged into an unpopular war.&nbsp;<h2>Nuclear Fallout and Global Shockwaves</h2>&nbsp;Even without American strikes, sustained pressure could push Iran to double down on underground enrichment. Any successful attack on nuclear sites risks radiation leaks, regional humanitarian crises, and irreversible damage to non-proliferation frameworks like the JCPOA. It could also encourage copycat nuclear programs by other states in the region to or start a proliferation cascade.A U.S.-led strike might also provoke regional spill over: Hezbollah entering the fray, Gulf states being pulled in, and a potential blockade of the Strait of Hormuz—which handles 20% of global oil. The shock to energy markets could fracture Western unity and allow China and Russia to dominate the narrative of Western militarism.Endgame or Escalation?Netanyahu appears to be enticing Trump into a legacy-defining military intervention, reminiscent of the Bush-era invasion of Iraq. Trump’s recent announcement that he will “allow two weeks of diplomacy” before deciding on military intervention may either be a countdown to escalation, or a ploy to pressure Iran diplomatically. It could also be a deception campaign to catch Tehran off guard.Trump may seek a hybrid strategy: strong deterrence, limited military action, psychological warfare, and diplomatic coercion. Whether this will lead to a “real end” or an even bloodier beginning remains uncertain.&nbsp;<h2>Conclusion: Trump’s Gamble in a War on Edge</h2>&nbsp;Donald Trump stands at a critical juncture. He has postured for war, drawn rhetorical red lines, and repositioned forces. But the choice to escalate remains fraught with risks. Netanyahu is growing impatient, and Israeli munitions are being depleted. Trump's decision—whatever it may be—will define not only the outcome of this war but also his legacy in American foreign policy.A measured role could stabilise the region; a strike could engulf it in flames. In this high-stakes theatre, Trump claims to pursue peace through strength—but may well be walking a tightrope between decisive diplomacy and catastrophic war.&nbsp;

The spectre of regional escalation, nuclear fallout, and possible American military intervention has cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. Global markets have been rattled, and the world watches closely.

After a week of relentless strikes and counter-strikes, the Iran–Israel conflict has escalated from covert proxy warfare to overt, devastating kinetic operations. Israel’s aggressive aerial campaign has directly targeted the heart of Iran’s nuclear infrastructure—striking Natanz, Fordow, and military sites near Tehran—eliminating key nuclear scientists and IRGC commanders, crippling air defence assets, and establishing air superiority for future punitive operations. Iran has responded with missile and drone attacks (including hypersonic variants), targeting Israeli cities, military and intelligence installations, and economic infrastructure. These responses, while demonstrating Tehran’s resolve, have largely been intercepted by Israel’s layered air defence, bolstered by U.S. and allied support. The spectre of regional escalation, nuclear fallout, and possible American military intervention has cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. Global markets have been rattled, and the world watches closely—especially with Donald Trump stepping into the spotlight with threats of “unconditional surrender” from Iran (Dismissed by Khomeini) and ambitions to reassert U.S. strategic dominance. Netanyahu’s Gamble: “Think Big or Go Home” Israel’s Strategic Aim: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s overarching goal is to decisively degrade Iran’s nuclear and military capability, dismantle its command structures, re-establish deterrence, and reap domestic political dividends. His extended strategic intent, it seems, also includes pushing for regime change, evidenced by open threats to assassinate Iran’s Supreme Leader. Also Read: US hiding military aircraft? American warplanes vanish from Qatar base amid Israel-Iran tensions Israel’s Strategy: Israel’s campaign was meticulously choreographed in phases. The first targeted Iran’s proxies—Hamas and Hezbollah—through pre-emptive strikes, buffer-zone creation in Syria, and relentless cyber and covert attacks, concluding successfully by mid-2025. The second phase began with full-scale air, cyber, and intelligence operations on Iranian soil. Fighter aircraft, missiles, and drones executed precision standoff strikes, crippling Iranian air defences and eliminating key figures within its military and nuclear programs. Natanz and Fordow were repeatedly targeted, with visible overground damage reported. However, the fortified underground cascade halls and deep bunkers at these sites remain intact. Without American assistance—specifically B-2 bombers and GBU-57 bunker-buster munitions—Netanyahu cannot achieve complete destruction. Thus, Trump’s entry into the fray becomes crucial. Netanyahu’s call for Iranian citizens to overthrow their regime may prove counterproductive. Regardless of political leanings, most Iranians view both Israel and the U.S. as staunch adversaries. Bombing campaigns often consolidate nationalism rather than foster dissent. Worse, a regime collapse might pave the way for even more hardline successors. Also Read: Seven-year-old girl who escaped war-torn Ukraine for cancer treatment in Israel dies in Iranian attack Iran’s Riposte: Testing Resolve, Not Just Power Iran’s Strategic Objectives: Iran’s goals are straightforward: avenge Israeli aggression, uphold regime legitimacy and national honour, maintain nuclear and military posture, and demonstrate that it cannot be coerced into submission. Iran’s Strategy: Iran has adopted a multidimensional response: missile and drone strikes on Israeli cities, cyber operations, and limited proxy mobilisation. While some Israeli military and strategic targets were hit, Tehran suffered substantial infrastructure losses in return. Proxies like Hezbollah and Hamas, still reeling from prior Israeli offensives, have yet to contribute meaningfully. Iran has refrained from actions that would force full-scale U.S. involvement—like closing the Strait of Hormuz or striking American bases—but continues to showcase its capacity for long-term conflict. It is also leveraging its missile capabilities, regional influence, and diplomatic ties with Russia, China, and segments of the Global South to shift the narrative in its favour and blame Israel and the U.S. for global instability, energy and economic crisis, as the world feels the ripple effects of surge in oil prices and financial uncertainty. https://www.wionews.com/videos/iran-launches-new-wave-of-missiles-on-israel-idf-1750396281757/embed While maintaining retaliatory capability, Iran must navigate a precarious balance—displaying enough strength to deter aggression, yet avoiding a regional war it cannot sustain. Internally, the regime grapples with worsening sanctions, economic strain, and simmering dissent. Should Iran's survival feel threatened, it may escalate uranium enrichment further underground. Can U.S. Intervention Tip the Balance? The U.S. is already deeply involved—providing intelligence, air defence, logistical support, and munitions. The critical question is whether Trump will authorise direct bunker-buster strikes on Iran’s nuclear sites. Trump has redeployed U.S. military assets—carrier groups, refuelling tankers, and advanced munitions—to the region. But even these might not guarantee complete destruction of Iran’s deeply buried nuclear infrastructure. A full ground invasion—akin to Iraq or Afghanistan—would be politically toxic and strategically disastrous for the U.S. On social media, Trump’s rhetoric has intensified: calls for “unconditional surrender,” evacuation warnings for Tehran, and veiled threats to Iran’s Supreme Leader. This may be psychological warfare—intended to force Iran into accepting a deal that dismantles its nuclear ambitions without actual war. However, Trump faces significant internal and external constraints. Domestically, his hawkish stance may please Republican hardliners and defence contractors, but it alienates the anti-war MAGA base. Bipartisan voices in Congress—Sanders, Kaine, Khanna—are already moving to restrict Trump’s war-making powers. Globally, even U.S. allies urge restraint, fearing Gulf destabilisation and oil market disruptions. Will Trump Pull the Trigger? This ambivalence defines the central question: will Trump authorise strikes? So far, he has stopped at the brink—supplying weapons, intelligence, and air defence—but not engaging in direct attacks. His hesitation stems from uncertainty about the effectiveness of bunker-busting munitions and concerns over the geopolitical and humanitarian costs of a full-blown war. Iran has not crossed red lines like attacking U.S. forces or closing Hormuz. This gives Trump the space to play the long game—maintain strategic pressure, demonstrate resolve, but avoid entrapment. A limited support role allows him to stay influential without being dragged into an unpopular war. Nuclear Fallout and Global Shockwaves Even without American strikes, sustained pressure could push Iran to double down on underground enrichment. Any successful attack on nuclear sites risks radiation leaks, regional humanitarian crises, and irreversible damage to non-proliferation frameworks like the JCPOA. It could also encourage copycat nuclear programs by other states in the region to or start a proliferation cascade. A U.S.-led strike might also provoke regional spill over: Hezbollah entering the fray, Gulf states being pulled in, and a potential blockade of the Strait of Hormuz—which handles 20% of global oil. The shock to energy markets could fracture Western unity and allow China and Russia to dominate the narrative of Western militarism. Endgame or Escalation? Netanyahu appears to be enticing Trump into a legacy-defining military intervention, reminiscent of the Bush-era invasion of Iraq. Trump’s recent announcement that he will “allow two weeks of diplomacy” before deciding on military intervention may either be a countdown to escalation, or a ploy to pressure Iran diplomatically. It could also be a deception campaign to catch Tehran off guard. Trump may seek a hybrid strategy: strong deterrence, limited military action, psychological warfare, and diplomatic coercion. Whether this will lead to a “real end” or an even bloodier beginning remains uncertain. Conclusion: Trump’s Gamble in a War on Edge Donald Trump stands at a critical juncture. He has postured for war, drawn rhetorical red lines, and repositioned forces. But the choice to escalate remains fraught with risks. Netanyahu is growing impatient, and Israeli munitions are being depleted. Trump's decision—whatever it may be—will define not only the outcome of this war but also his legacy in American foreign policy. A measured role could stabilise the region; a strike could engulf it in flames. In this high-stakes theatre, Trump claims to pursue peace through strength—but may well be walking a tightrope between decisive diplomacy and catastrophic war.

The spectre of regional escalation, nuclear fallout, and possible American military intervention has cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. Global markets have been rattled, and the world watches closely.

Trump, Netanyahu, and the Iran-Israel inferno: Can the strongman duo end the war—or ignite a bigger one?

Israel has maintained a decades-long policy of deliberate ambiguity about its nuclear weapons programme.

What’s hiding inside Dimona? Understanding the hidden heart of Israel’s nuclear facility

India and Iran share centuries of cultural, linguistic, and economic ties—far deeper than many realise. Long before modern diplomacy, these two ancient civilisations were connected through trade, art, and migration. Here are 5 key historical links between India and Iran

Iran-Israel War: 5 historic connections between India and Iran that you should know

US President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that he is not looking for a ceasefire in the Iran-Israel war but a total and complete victory, which he clarified means ‘no nuclear weapon’. Trump further said that he believes Iran was “a few weeks away” from having a nuclear weapon.&nbsp;Speaking to reporters in the Oval Office, Trump said, “We’re not looking for a ceasefire. We’re looking for a total and complete victory. Again, you know what the victory is: no nuclear weapon.”&nbsp;Replying to a question when asked what he would say to Americans who don’t want the US to get involved in another war overseas, Trump said, “I don’t want to get involved either, but I’ve been saying for 20 years, maybe longer, that Iran cannot have a nuclear weapon. I’ve been saying it for a long time, and I think they were a few weeks away from having one,” he said.&nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">.<a href="https://twitter.com/POTUS?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@POTUS</a>: &quot;I don&#39;t want to get involved either, but I&#39;ve been saying for 20 years — maybe longer — that Iran cannot have a nuclear weapon ... They&#39;d use it. I believe they&#39;d use it.&quot; <a href="https://t.co/ShE7UH179O">pic.twitter.com/ShE7UH179O</a>&mdash; Rapid Response 47 (@RapidResponse47) <a href="https://twitter.com/RapidResponse47/status/1935418373539610891?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 18, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

“Iran can’t have a nuclear weapon, too much devastation. And they’d use it,” he added. “You know, I believe they’d use it. Others won’t use it, but I believe they’d use it. So that’s it. It’s very simple.”&nbsp;The president then suggested that he hasn’t yet made a final decision on how to handle the conflict between Israel and Iran.“I have ideas as to what to do,” he said. “I like to make the final decision one second before it’s due, because things change, especially with war. Things change with war. It can go from one extreme to the other.”&nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">.<a href="https://twitter.com/POTUS?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@POTUS</a>: &quot;We&#39;re not looking for a ceasefire. We&#39;re looking for a total and complete victory. Again, you know what the victory is: no nuclear weapon.&quot; <a href="https://t.co/OGKbAp0tuF">pic.twitter.com/OGKbAp0tuF</a>&mdash; Rapid Response 47 (@RapidResponse47) <a href="https://twitter.com/RapidResponse47/status/1935419676974268708?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 18, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

The president then told reporters that he has another meeting in the White House Situation Room in an hour.“We’re having a meeting in an hour. I have a meeting in the war room in a little while, Situation Room, as some people call it,” he told reporters in the Oval Office.&nbsp;Trump also claimed that Iran wants to come to the White House to discuss potential negotiations. “They want to meet, but it’s late to meet,” he reiterated.&nbsp;On being asked if the US would play a role in dismantling Iran’s Fordow nuclear facility, Trump said, “We’re the only ones that have the capability to do it, but that doesn’t mean I’m going to do it—at all.”&nbsp;“For 40 years, they’ve been saying ‘death to America’. If you go back 15 years, I was saying we cannot let Iran have a nuclear weapon. I’m not looking to fight, but if it’s a choice between fighting and them having a nuclear weapon, you have to do what you have to do. And maybe we won’t have to fight.”&nbsp;Meanwhile, US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said in a testimony earlier on Wednesday that the department is prepared to execute any military decisions that Trump makes as president, but declined to share details about plans under consideration when it comes to Iran.

On being asked if the US would play a role in dismantling Iran’s Fordow nuclear facility, Trump said, “We’re the only ones that have the capability to do it, but that doesn’t mean I’m going to do it—at all.”

US President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that he is not looking for a ceasefire in the Iran-Israel war but a total and complete victory, which he clarified means ‘no nuclear weapon’. Trump further said that he believes Iran was “a few weeks away” from having a nuclear weapon. Speaking to reporters in the Oval Office, Trump said, “We’re not looking for a ceasefire. We’re looking for a total and complete victory. Again, you know what the victory is: no nuclear weapon.” Replying to a question when asked what he would say to Americans who don’t want the US to get involved in another war overseas, Trump said, “I don’t want to get involved either, but I’ve been saying for 20 years, maybe longer, that Iran cannot have a nuclear weapon. I’ve been saying it for a long time, and I think they were a few weeks away from having one,” he said.

On being asked if the US would play a role in dismantling Iran’s Fordow nuclear facility, Trump said, “We’re the only ones that have the capability to do it, but that doesn’t mean I’m going to do it—at all.”

‘Not looking for a ceasefire, but a total and complete victory,’ says Trump on Iran war

The UN nuclear watchdog’s chief, Rafael Mariano Grossi, revealed in an interview on Wednesday that the agency now cannot verify the whereabouts of Iran’s highly enriched uranium stockpile since Israel launched strikes on Iranian nuclear and military sites.&nbsp;Grossi, the director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), also told Bloomberg in the interview that no other country in the world is enriching uranium at this level of 60%—which is technically almost equivalent of 90%, which is needed to have a nuclear weapon.&nbsp;On being asked whether Iran’s supply of 60% enriched uranium remains safely located at the underground Isfahan facility, which Israel has repeatedly struck since it began its campaign on Friday, Grossi said, “To say safely, I’m not so sure.”&nbsp;<h2>‘Tehran had warned stockpile could be moved’</h2>&nbsp;Grossi said Tehran had warned him that the stockpile could be moved in the event of an Israeli attack.&nbsp;Some 400 kg of uranium, enough for making 10 nuclear warheads, was previously stored under an IAEA seal in Isfahan.&nbsp;“At a time of war, all nuclear sites are closed,” Grossi said, adding further, “All our inspectors who are still in Iran… are not inspecting, no normal activity can take place.”&nbsp;Grossi then said, “No country in the world is enriching uranium at this level of 60%—which is technically almost equivalent of 90%, which is needed to have a nuclear weapon… Many high officials have said Iran has all the pieces of the puzzle. There has been a lot of ambiguity, and this is never good.”&nbsp;Before Israel’s preemptive strikes on the Islamic Republic, IAEA inspectors visited Iranian nuclear sites more than once a day, but Iran did not inform the IAEA of any “special measures” it planned to take to protect its uranium stockpile from being damaged in an attack, Grossi said.&nbsp;“We haven’t been informed of anything in detail. We don’t know what these protective additional measures to be,” he said.&nbsp;<h2>‘Iran aware its stockpile needs to be under constant IAEA supervision’</h2>&nbsp;“Iran is aware that this stockpile needs to be there under constant IAEA supervision,” Grossi said.&nbsp;Grossi said important facilities at Iran’s Natanz enrichment facility were “badly hit” during Israeli strikes, but there was no significant damage to the site at Fordow.&nbsp;Isfahan has been repeatedly hit, with a few buildings being affected, he added.&nbsp;The IAEA is relying on satellite imagery and has seen no sign of the uranium being moved—which would be a violation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty, said the Bloomberg report.“It’s important to return to the diplomatic table as soon as possible because what’s at stake is very serious,” Grossi said with concern.&nbsp;Iran’s highly enriched uranium could fit into 16 cylinders measuring 36 inches (91.4 centimetres) in height, according to the US government’s Office of Scientific and Technical Information.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Many high officials have said Iran has all the pieces of the puzzle,” the director general said. “There has been a lot of ambiguity, and this is never good.”

On being asked whether Iran’s supply of 60% enriched uranium remains safely located at the underground Isfahan facility, which Israel has repeatedly struck since it began its campaign on Friday, Grossi said, “To say safely, I’m not so sure.”

The UN nuclear watchdog’s chief, Rafael Mariano Grossi, revealed in an interview on Wednesday that the agency now cannot verify the whereabouts of Iran’s highly enriched uranium stockpile since Israel launched strikes on Iranian nuclear and military sites. Grossi, the director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), also told Bloomberg in the interview that no other country in the world is enriching uranium at this level of 60%—which is technically almost equivalent of 90%, which is needed to have a nuclear weapon. On being asked whether Iran’s supply of 60% enriched uranium remains safely located at the underground Isfahan facility, which Israel has repeatedly struck since it began its campaign on Friday, Grossi said, “To say safely, I’m not so sure.” ‘Tehran had warned stockpile could be moved’ Grossi said Tehran had warned him that the stockpile could be moved in the event of an Israeli attack. Some 400 kg of uranium, enough for making 10 nuclear warheads, was previously stored under an IAEA seal in Isfahan. “At a time of war, all nuclear sites are closed,” Grossi said, adding further, “All our inspectors who are still in Iran… are not inspecting, no normal activity can take place.” Grossi then said, “No country in the world is enriching uranium at this level of 60%—which is technically almost equivalent of 90%, which is needed to have a nuclear weapon… Many high officials have said Iran has all the pieces of the puzzle. There has been a lot of ambiguity, and this is never good.” Before Israel’s preemptive strikes on the Islamic Republic, IAEA inspectors visited Iranian nuclear sites more than once a day, but Iran did not inform the IAEA of any “special measures” it planned to take to protect its uranium stockpile from being damaged in an attack, Grossi said. “We haven’t been informed of anything in detail. We don’t know what these protective additional measures to be,” he said. ‘Iran aware its stockpile needs to be under constant IAEA supervision’ “Iran is aware that this stockpile needs to be there under constant IAEA supervision,” Grossi said. Grossi said important facilities at Iran’s Natanz enrichment facility were “badly hit” during Israeli strikes, but there was no significant damage to the site at Fordow. Isfahan has been repeatedly hit, with a few buildings being affected, he added. The IAEA is relying on satellite imagery and has seen no sign of the uranium being moved—which would be a violation of the Non-Proliferation Treaty, said the Bloomberg report. “It’s important to return to the diplomatic table as soon as possible because what’s at stake is very serious,” Grossi said with concern. Iran’s highly enriched uranium could fit into 16 cylinders measuring 36 inches (91.4 centimetres) in height, according to the US government’s Office of Scientific and Technical Information. “Many high officials have said Iran has all the pieces of the puzzle,” the director general said. “There has been a lot of ambiguity, and this is never good.”

On being asked whether Iran’s supply of 60% enriched uranium remains safely located at the underground Isfahan facility, which Israel has repeatedly struck since it began its campaign on Friday, Grossi said, “To say safely, I’m not so sure.”

‘Not aware of Iran’s near-weapons-grade uranium stockpile location now’: IAEA chief

The ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel has presented a complex challenge before Pakistan, which is treading with extreme caution to safeguard its own security, stability, and longstanding relations with key ally nations.&nbsp;The start of a full-fledged war across the border (Pakistan shares a 905 km-long border with Iran) has created a big dilemma for Islamabad, as on one hand, it has to speak for Iran being a Muslim nation, but on the other, it cannot afford to upset the United States, which has been its great benefactor for decades.&nbsp;Expectedly, when Israel launched strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities and killed many Iranian generals and nuclear scientists, Pakistan was quick to condemn the Israeli action and stand in support of Iran, with which it had exchanged missile strikes in January 2024.&nbsp;Islamabad called the Israeli strikes “blatant provocations” and violations of Iran’s territorial sovereignty.As the conflict is intensifying, Islamabad is worried about its complex ties with Tehran and the prospect of the Israeli military’s aerial influence extending close to its border.&nbsp;<h2>Pak-Iran ties marked by complexities</h2> Pakistan and Iran accuse each other of harbouring armed groups responsible for cross-border attacks on their territories, and, in January 2024, Tehran launched missiles into Pakistan’s Balochistan province, claiming to target the separatist group Jaish al-Adl.Pakistan retaliated within 24 hours, striking what it said were hideouts of Baloch separatists inside Iranian territory.The brief escalation died down quickly, but Iran avoided taking the side of Pakistan during its military conflict with India last month.&nbsp;Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar has offered to help broker an end to the military hostilities between Iran and Israel.&nbsp;However, Pakistan would not risk getting itself too involved when it is eager to rebuild bridges with the US, Israel’s closest ally.&nbsp;<h2>Balochistan worries perturb Islamabad</h2> Pakistan’s biggest concern is the likely fallout of the Iran-Israel conflict in its resource-rich, restive province of Balochistan, which also hosts the Gwadar port, central to the $62 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), linking western China to the Arabian Sea.Pakistan is worried that if the war escalates further, members of armed secessionist groups, Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Balochistan Liberation Front (BLA), who live in Iran’s border areas, might sneak into Pakistan through the porous border.&nbsp;Another prospect roiling Islamabad is the fear of the influx of refugees from Iran with which it shared a long border.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2>Fears of growing Israeli aerial prowess in close vicinity&nbsp;</h2> Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s claim of the Israeli Air Force having control over Tehran’s skies has bothered Islamabad as much as it did Iran.&nbsp;Pakistan will never want Israeli influence over the Iranian airspace to grow and creep towards its border, as it does not recognise Israel and considers it to be a sworn enemy.

The start of a full-fledged war across the border (Pakistan shares a 905 km-long border with Iran) has created a big dilemma for Islamabad, as on one hand, it has to speak for Iran being a Muslim nation, but on the other, it cannot afford to upset the US, its biggest benefactor for decades.

The ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel has presented a complex challenge before Pakistan, which is treading with extreme caution to safeguard its own security, stability, and longstanding relations with key ally nations. The start of a full-fledged war across the border (Pakistan shares a 905 km-long border with Iran) has created a big dilemma for Islamabad, as on one hand, it has to speak for Iran being a Muslim nation, but on the other, it cannot afford to upset the United States, which has been its great benefactor for decades. Expectedly, when Israel launched strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities and killed many Iranian generals and nuclear scientists, Pakistan was quick to condemn the Israeli action and stand in support of Iran, with which it had exchanged missile strikes in January 2024. Islamabad called the Israeli strikes “blatant provocations” and violations of Iran’s territorial sovereignty. As the conflict is intensifying, Islamabad is worried about its complex ties with Tehran and the prospect of the Israeli military’s aerial influence extending close to its border. Pak-Iran ties marked by complexities Pakistan and Iran accuse each other of harbouring armed groups responsible for cross-border attacks on their territories, and, in January 2024, Tehran launched missiles into Pakistan’s Balochistan province, claiming to target the separatist group Jaish al-Adl. Pakistan retaliated within 24 hours, striking what it said were hideouts of Baloch separatists inside Iranian territory. The brief escalation died down quickly, but Iran avoided taking the side of Pakistan during its military conflict with India last month. Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar has offered to help broker an end to the military hostilities between Iran and Israel. However, Pakistan would not risk getting itself too involved when it is eager to rebuild bridges with the US, Israel’s closest ally. Balochistan worries perturb Islamabad Pakistan’s biggest concern is the likely fallout of the Iran-Israel conflict in its resource-rich, restive province of Balochistan, which also hosts the Gwadar port, central to the $62 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), linking western China to the Arabian Sea. Pakistan is worried that if the war escalates further, members of armed secessionist groups, Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Balochistan Liberation Front (BLA), who live in Iran’s border areas, might sneak into Pakistan through the porous border. Another prospect roiling Islamabad is the fear of the influx of refugees from Iran with which it shared a long border. Fears of growing Israeli aerial prowess in close vicinity Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s claim of the Israeli Air Force having control over Tehran’s skies has bothered Islamabad as much as it did Iran. Pakistan will never want Israeli influence over the Iranian airspace to grow and creep towards its border, as it does not recognise Israel and considers it to be a sworn enemy.

The start of a full-fledged war across the border (Pakistan shares a 905 km-long border with Iran) has created a big dilemma for Islamabad, as on one hand, it has to speak for Iran being a Muslim nation, but on the other, it cannot afford to upset the US, its biggest benefactor for decades.

Iran-Israel war plunges Pakistan into a quagmire, poses a diplomatic challenge

Chile’s central bank has held its key interest rate steady at 5 per cent, maintaining a cautious stance amid rising global instability, especially in the Middle East. But the central bank has also opened the door for future rate cuts, if external risks remain contained, as per Bloomberg.&nbsp;The decision, announced late Tuesday, was in line with market expectations. Sixteen of 21 analysts in a Bloomberg survey forecast the pause, while five expected a 25-basis-point cut. It marked the third straight meeting with rates on hold after aggressive monetary tightening earlier.<h2>Middle East conflict adds new risks</h2>In a statement quoted by Bloomberg, policymakers led by Governor Rosanna Costa said inflationary pressures had receded and price risks had eased. However, the board warned that the Israel–Iran conflict had added a “new source of uncertainty” that could spill over into Chile’s economy, especially through higher energy prices.&nbsp;“The escalation of the military conflict in the Middle East adds further uncertainty to this scenario,” the central bank said. “Its scope, development, and potential impacts on the global and local economies are unknown.”&nbsp;If the bank’s baseline forecast holds, the policy rate “will be approaching its range of neutral values,” estimated between 3.5 and 4.5 per cent, the statement added.<h2>Inflation slows, peso strengthens</h2>Chile’s annual inflation slowed to 4.4 per cent in May, its lowest level since November 2023, easing from highs seen in the aftermath of the pandemic, as reported by Bloomberg. A stronger peso, up more than 5 per cent year-to-date, has helped reduce import-led price pressures—vital for a country that relies heavily on imported fuel.&nbsp;Still, surging oil prices driven by tensions in the Middle East could derail this progress. “We anticipate the easing cycle to resume in July, but swings in the external backdrop could delay cuts until September,” said Andres Perez, Chief Economist for Latin America at Banco Itau, as quoted by Bloomberg.&nbsp;Perez expects the easing cycle to conclude at 4 per cent by early 2026.<h2>Growth recovering, but labour market lags</h2>Chile’s economy expanded 0.6 per cent month-on-month in April, triple the pace forecast by analysts, according to Bloomberg. Growth was driven by mining and services, while inflation cooled. However, job creation remained weak, the central bank noted.&nbsp;“There are factors that point to a greater boost in investment in the near future,” the board said, though the labour market “shows slow job creation.”The Chilean government expects GDP to grow around 2.5 per cent this year. The central bank’s updated economic forecasts are expected in its Quarterly Monetary Policy Report due Wednesday.<h2>What’s next?</h2>The tone of the latest statement suggests more cuts are on the horizon. “The Central Bank of Chile becomes more explicit regarding the future rate path, anticipating cuts in the coming quarters,” said Florencia Ricci, Head of Economy and Markets at Banchile Inversiones, as per Bloomberg.&nbsp;Ricci expects two rate cuts this year, in Q3 and Q4, taking the benchmark to 4.5 per cent by the end of 2025.&nbsp;Despite holding steady for now, Chile’s central bank has signalled its willingness to resume easing but only if the impact of external shocks like the Middle East conflict remains limited. For now, caution reigns as Santiago watches the global stage.&nbsp;(With inputs from the agencies) &nbsp;

While inflation has eased to 4.4% and the peso strengthened, the Israel-Iran conflict poses new economic risks, notably higher energy prices. Growth showed signs of recovery, but job creation remains weak. 

Chile’s central bank has held its key interest rate steady at 5 per cent, maintaining a cautious stance amid rising global instability, especially in the Middle East. But the central bank has also opened the door for future rate cuts, if external risks remain contained, as per Bloomberg. The decision, announced late Tuesday, was in line with market expectations. Sixteen of 21 analysts in a Bloomberg survey forecast the pause, while five expected a 25-basis-point cut. It marked the third straight meeting with rates on hold after aggressive monetary tightening earlier. Middle East conflict adds new risks In a statement quoted by Bloomberg, policymakers led by Governor Rosanna Costa said inflationary pressures had receded and price risks had eased. However, the board warned that the Israel–Iran conflict had added a “new source of uncertainty” that could spill over into Chile’s economy, especially through higher energy prices. “The escalation of the military conflict in the Middle East adds further uncertainty to this scenario,” the central bank said. “Its scope, development, and potential impacts on the global and local economies are unknown.” If the bank’s baseline forecast holds, the policy rate “will be approaching its range of neutral values,” estimated between 3.5 and 4.5 per cent, the statement added. Inflation slows, peso strengthens Chile’s annual inflation slowed to 4.4 per cent in May, its lowest level since November 2023, easing from highs seen in the aftermath of the pandemic, as reported by Bloomberg. A stronger peso, up more than 5 per cent year-to-date, has helped reduce import-led price pressures—vital for a country that relies heavily on imported fuel. Still, surging oil prices driven by tensions in the Middle East could derail this progress. “We anticipate the easing cycle to resume in July, but swings in the external backdrop could delay cuts until September,” said Andres Perez, Chief Economist for Latin America at Banco Itau, as quoted by Bloomberg. Perez expects the easing cycle to conclude at 4 per cent by early 2026. Growth recovering, but labour market lags Chile’s economy expanded 0.6 per cent month-on-month in April, triple the pace forecast by analysts, according to Bloomberg. Growth was driven by mining and services, while inflation cooled. However, job creation remained weak, the central bank noted. “There are factors that point to a greater boost in investment in the near future,” the board said, though the labour market “shows slow job creation.” The Chilean government expects GDP to grow around 2.5 per cent this year. The central bank’s updated economic forecasts are expected in its Quarterly Monetary Policy Report due Wednesday. What’s next? The tone of the latest statement suggests more cuts are on the horizon. “The Central Bank of Chile becomes more explicit regarding the future rate path, anticipating cuts in the coming quarters,” said Florencia Ricci, Head of Economy and Markets at Banchile Inversiones, as per Bloomberg. Ricci expects two rate cuts this year, in Q3 and Q4, taking the benchmark to 4.5 per cent by the end of 2025. Despite holding steady for now, Chile’s central bank has signalled its willingness to resume easing but only if the impact of external shocks like the Middle East conflict remains limited. For now, caution reigns as Santiago watches the global stage. (With inputs from the agencies)

Chile's central bank maintained its key interest rate at 5% due to rising global instability, particularly from the Middle East.&nbsp;

Chile holds rates at 5% amid Middle East conflict, hints at cuts ahead

Oil prices are rising sharply, and global markets are edging into risk-off mode as the Iran–Israel conflict shows no signs of slowing, entering its sixth day on Wednesday.&nbsp;&nbsp;The geopolitical crisis, centred near the Strait of Hormuz, is reviving fears of a global energy shock, even as central banks weigh the fallout on inflation and growth.&nbsp;Brent crude futures rose 19 cents to $76.64 a barrel in early trading, while US West Texas Intermediate climbed 23 cents to $75.07. That followed a 4 per cent spike in prices on Tuesday amid mounting concerns that the Middle East conflict could disrupt oil supplies.<h2>Strait of Hormuz back in focus</h2>Much of the market anxiety revolves around the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow chokepoint through which nearly 20 per cent of the world’s seaborne oil passes. According to Reuters, two tankers collided and caught fire near the strait on Tuesday, raising red flags about safety in the region.&nbsp;The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations also warned of “electronic interference” affecting ship navigation systems in the area, a possible sign of growing cyber-warfare threats tied to the conflict.&nbsp;Iran, the third-largest producer in OPEC, pumps around 3.3 million barrels per day. Should the fighting escalate, or sanctions intensify, traders expect disruptions to Iranian output though other OPEC members may struggle to compensate using spare capacity.<h2>Trump ups the ante</h2>On Tuesday, US President Donald Trump called for Iran’s “unconditional surrender” and sent additional fighter jets to the region, according to US officials quoted by Reuters. The US military buildup comes as part of an effort to deter further escalation, though markets fear it may have the opposite effect.&nbsp;Trump’s early departure from the Group of Seven summit in Canada only deepened investor unease. While there were hopes of progress on global trade talks, those evaporated as Trump returned to Washington citing Iran’s provocations.&nbsp;“The market was anxious to hopefully hear updates on trade agreements out of the G7 and the news of Trump leaving early was disappointing,” Eric Sterner of Apollon Wealth Management told Reuters.<h2>Wall Street wobbles</h2>The risk-off sentiment dragged down US stocks on Tuesday. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 0.70 per cent, the S&amp;P 500 slipped 0.84 per cent, and the tech-heavy Nasdaq fell 0.91 per cent.&nbsp;Meanwhile, oil continued its upward climb, with Brent settling 4.52 per cent higher at $76.54 per barrel and US crude jumping 4.46 per cent to close at $74.97.&nbsp;The conflict is also fuelling demand for safe-haven assets. Yields on 10-year US Treasuries fell to 4.389 per cent, down 6.5 basis points from Monday, a sign of growing investor caution.&nbsp;The VIX volatility index, often called Wall Street’s “fear gauge,” rose to a four-week high of 21.6, though still far below pandemic or financial crisis peaks. Analysts said the current spike reflects concern but not full-scale panic yet.&nbsp;“This is like Stage 1 of moving towards a little bit of volatility,” said Matt Thompson of Little Harbor Advisors. “The VIX marketplace thinks the conflict is going to be contained.”<h2>Will the Fed change course?</h2>All eyes now turn to the US Federal Reserve, which is expected to keep its benchmark rate steady at 4.25–4.50 per cent when it concludes its policy meeting on Wednesday.&nbsp;However, market analysts including IG’s Tony Sycamore suggest the Iran–Israel war could prompt the Fed to consider an earlier-than-expected rate cut. “The situation in the Middle East could become a catalyst for the Fed to sound more dovish, as it did follow the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack,” Sycamore told Reuters.&nbsp;Lower rates generally boost oil demand by stimulating growth. But higher energy costs can also stoke inflation, complicating the Fed’s policy response.&nbsp;“Jerome Powell is going to continue to express that they are focused on data at this point,” said Matt Rubin of Cary Street Partners. “And that data does not warrant a cut.”<h2>Broader global impact</h2>The ripple effect is being felt across Europe too, where the STOXX 600 index closed at a three-week low on Tuesday. Investors are also bracing for interest rate decisions from the Bank of England and the Swiss National Bank later this week.&nbsp;In Asia, the Bank of Japan held rates steady at 0.5 per cent, its highest level since 2007, reflecting the growing uncertainty amid global inflation risks and weak domestic demand.&nbsp;Despite the conflict, Qatar said operations at the world’s largest gas field remain unaffected, even as Iran suspended some output after Israeli air strikes.&nbsp;The Iran–Israel war is redrawing the global economic map, with oil markets, central banks, and investors caught in its crosshairs.&nbsp;The longer it lasts, the deeper its impact on inflation, policy, and global growth.&nbsp;(With inputs from the agencies)

Amid rising tensions in the Middle East, oil spikes and Wall Street stumbles as investors brace for inflation risks, Fed moves, and global economic fallout.

Oil prices are rising sharply, and global markets are edging into risk-off mode as the Iran–Israel conflict shows no signs of slowing, entering its sixth day on Wednesday. The geopolitical crisis, centred near the Strait of Hormuz, is reviving fears of a global energy shock, even as central banks weigh the fallout on inflation and growth. Brent crude futures rose 19 cents to $76.64 a barrel in early trading, while US West Texas Intermediate climbed 23 cents to $75.07. That followed a 4 per cent spike in prices on Tuesday amid mounting concerns that the Middle East conflict could disrupt oil supplies. Strait of Hormuz back in focus Much of the market anxiety revolves around the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow chokepoint through which nearly 20 per cent of the world’s seaborne oil passes. According to Reuters, two tankers collided and caught fire near the strait on Tuesday, raising red flags about safety in the region. The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations also warned of “electronic interference” affecting ship navigation systems in the area, a possible sign of growing cyber-warfare threats tied to the conflict. Iran, the third-largest producer in OPEC, pumps around 3.3 million barrels per day. Should the fighting escalate, or sanctions intensify, traders expect disruptions to Iranian output though other OPEC members may struggle to compensate using spare capacity. Trump ups the ante On Tuesday, US President Donald Trump called for Iran’s “unconditional surrender” and sent additional fighter jets to the region, according to US officials quoted by Reuters. The US military buildup comes as part of an effort to deter further escalation, though markets fear it may have the opposite effect. Trump’s early departure from the Group of Seven summit in Canada only deepened investor unease. While there were hopes of progress on global trade talks, those evaporated as Trump returned to Washington citing Iran’s provocations. “The market was anxious to hopefully hear updates on trade agreements out of the G7 and the news of Trump leaving early was disappointing,” Eric Sterner of Apollon Wealth Management told Reuters. Wall Street wobbles The risk-off sentiment dragged down US stocks on Tuesday. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 0.70 per cent, the S&P 500 slipped 0.84 per cent, and the tech-heavy Nasdaq fell 0.91 per cent. Meanwhile, oil continued its upward climb, with Brent settling 4.52 per cent higher at $76.54 per barrel and US crude jumping 4.46 per cent to close at $74.97. The conflict is also fuelling demand for safe-haven assets. Yields on 10-year US Treasuries fell to 4.389 per cent, down 6.5 basis points from Monday, a sign of growing investor caution. The VIX volatility index, often called Wall Street’s “fear gauge,” rose to a four-week high of 21.6, though still far below pandemic or financial crisis peaks. Analysts said the current spike reflects concern but not full-scale panic yet. “This is like Stage 1 of moving towards a little bit of volatility,” said Matt Thompson of Little Harbor Advisors. “The VIX marketplace thinks the conflict is going to be contained.” Will the Fed change course? All eyes now turn to the US Federal Reserve, which is expected to keep its benchmark rate steady at 4.25–4.50 per cent when it concludes its policy meeting on Wednesday. However, market analysts including IG’s Tony Sycamore suggest the Iran–Israel war could prompt the Fed to consider an earlier-than-expected rate cut. “The situation in the Middle East could become a catalyst for the Fed to sound more dovish, as it did follow the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack,” Sycamore told Reuters. Lower rates generally boost oil demand by stimulating growth. But higher energy costs can also stoke inflation, complicating the Fed’s policy response. “Jerome Powell is going to continue to express that they are focused on data at this point,” said Matt Rubin of Cary Street Partners. “And that data does not warrant a cut.” Broader global impact The ripple effect is being felt across Europe too, where the STOXX 600 index closed at a three-week low on Tuesday. Investors are also bracing for interest rate decisions from the Bank of England and the Swiss National Bank later this week. In Asia, the Bank of Japan held rates steady at 0.5 per cent, its highest level since 2007, reflecting the growing uncertainty amid global inflation risks and weak domestic demand. Despite the conflict, Qatar said operations at the world’s largest gas field remain unaffected, even as Iran suspended some output after Israeli air strikes. The Iran–Israel war is redrawing the global economic map, with oil markets, central banks, and investors caught in its crosshairs. The longer it lasts, the deeper its impact on inflation, policy, and global growth. (With inputs from the agencies)

Oil prices surge and markets slip as the Iran–Israel conflict escalates near the Strait of Hormuz, fuelling fears of a global energy shock.

Oil hits sixth-day high, Wall Street wobbles as Iran–Israel tensions escalate

India has begun the evacuation of its nationals from Iran amid the escalating tensions between Tehran and Israel. India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said in a statement that some Indians have been facilitated to leave Iran through the border with Armenia. The first batch of 110 students reached the Armenian border, &nbsp;and will be evacuated from there by air.&nbsp;The MEA statement also added, "Indian students in Tehran have been moved out of the city for reasons of safety, through arrangements made by the Embassy. Other residents who are self-sufficient in terms of transport have also been advised to move out of the city in view of the developing situation. The Embassy remains continuously in touch with the community with a view to extending all feasible assistance."&nbsp;WATCH&nbsp;

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">Indian students from the union territory of J&amp;K cross the Iran border into Armenia. <a href="https://t.co/5XvVbWgSR4">https://t.co/5XvVbWgSR4</a> <a href="https://t.co/VknDYmeKpI">pic.twitter.com/VknDYmeKpI</a>&mdash; Sidhant Sibal (@sidhant) <a href="https://twitter.com/sidhant/status/1934867491714433305?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 17, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

&nbsp;This comes after Iran responded to India's request for the safe evacuation of Indian students saying that though the airspace is closed over Iran, all land borders are open for the safe evacuation. &nbsp;"Given the current condition and the closure of the country's airports, as well as the request of many political missions to transfer their diplomats and nationals abroad, we inform you that all land borders are open for crossing," it said. &nbsp;Tehran asked India to give the names, passport numbers, and vehicle specifications of the people crossing the borders to its General Protocol Department. It also asked for the time of travel and the desired border, through which the person will exit the country, to make necessary arrangements for the safe travel of diplomats and other citizens. Israel struck Iran's nuclear sites in massive airstrikes under ‘Operation Rising Lion’ on June 13. In retaliation, Iran launched ‘Operation True Promise 3’ striking Israeli cities and fighter jet fuel production facilities and energy supply centres. The to-and-fro offensive has continued for four days now.&nbsp;Earlier, India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) established a 24x7 control room and shared a list of helpline numbers and email IDs for Indians in Iran.&nbsp;Contact details of MEA's control room: 1800118797 (Toll free) +91-11-23012113 +91-11-23014104 +91-11-23017905 +91-9968291988 (Whatsapp) <a href="mailto:situationroom@mea.gov.in">situationroom@mea.gov.in</a> &nbsp;24x7 emergency helpline for Indians in Iran: For call only : 1. +98 9128109115, +98 9128109109 For WhatsApp: 2. +98 901044557, +98 9015993320, +91 8086871709. 3. ⁠Bandar Abbas: +98 9177699036 4. ⁠Zahedan: +98 9396356649 <a href="mailto:cons.tehran@mea.gov.in">cons.tehran@mea.gov.in</a>

Ministry of External Affairs said in a statement that some Indians have been facilitated to leave Iran through the border with Armenia

India has begun the evacuation of its nationals from Iran amid the escalating tensions between Tehran and Israel. India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said in a statement that some Indians have been facilitated to leave Iran through the border with Armenia. The first batch of 110 students reached the Armenian border, and will be evacuated from there by air. The MEA statement also added, "Indian students in Tehran have been moved out of the city for reasons of safety, through arrangements made by the Embassy. Other residents who are self-sufficient in terms of transport have also been advised to move out of the city in view of the developing situation. The Embassy remains continuously in touch with the community with a view to extending all feasible assistance." WATCH

&nbsp;India's Ministry of External Affairs said in a statement that some Indians have been facilitated to leave Iran through the border with Armenia

Iran-Israel tensions: India begins evacuation from Tehran via Armenia, first batch of 110 students to leave today

Democratic senator Tim Kaine from Virginia introduced legislation on Monday (June 17) to prevent United States (US) President Donald Trump from using military force against Iran without Congress's authorisation. As per reports, Kaine has tried for years to wrest back Congress's authority to declare war from the White House.&nbsp;Kaine said that the war powers resolution underscores that the US Constitution gives Congress, not the president, the sole power to declare war. "It is not in our national security interest to get into a war with Iran unless that war is absolutely necessary to defend the United States. I am deeply concerned that the recent escalation of hostilities between Israel and Iran could quickly pull the United States into another endless conflict," Kaine said in a statement. “The American people have no interest in sending service members to fight another forever war in the Middle East. This resolution will ensure that if we decide to place our nation’s men and women in uniform into harm’s way, we will have a debate and vote on it in Congress,” he added.&nbsp;Israel struck Iran's nuclear sites in massive airstrikes under ‘Operation Rising Lion’ on June 13. In retaliation, Iran launched ‘Operation True Promise 3’ striking Israeli cities and fighter jet fuel production facilities and energy supply centres. The to-and-fro offensive has continued for four days now. During Trump's first term, in 2020, Kaine introduced a similar resolution to rein in the Republican president's ability to wage war against Iran, reported Reuters. That measure passed both the Senate and House of Representatives, but did not garner enough votes to survive the president's veto. Under US law, war powers resolutions are privileged, meaning that the Senate will be required to promptly consider and vote on the matter.<h2>‘US should avoid war’</h2>Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, an independent who caucuses with Democrats, accused Israel of timing its attack on Iran to sabotage talks on Iran's nuclear program that had been scheduled for Sunday. He also said Washington should avoid the conflict. "The U.S. Constitution is crystal clear: there can be no offensive use of military force — against Iran or any other country — without an explicit authorization from Congress," Sanders said in a statement. Some Republicans said the United States should avoid war. Kentucky Senator Rand Paul said he hoped Trump would not give in to pressure to get involved. "It's not the US' job to be involved in this war," Paul said to NBC. "This is not our war. We should not engage our military here," Republican Representative Thomas Massie of Kentucky said on X. However, there are many who support Israel. "If diplomacy fails... help Israel finish the job. Give them bombs, fly with them if necessary," Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina said to CBS. &nbsp;

Kaine said his latest war powers resolution underscores that the US Constitution gives Congress, not the president, the sole power to declare war amid Israel-Iran conflict

Democratic senator Tim Kaine from Virginia introduced legislation on Monday (June 17) to prevent United States (US) President Donald Trump from using military force against Iran without Congress's authorisation. As per reports, Kaine has tried for years to wrest back Congress's authority to declare war from the White House. Kaine said that the war powers resolution underscores that the US Constitution gives Congress, not the president, the sole power to declare war. "It is not in our national security interest to get into a war with Iran unless that war is absolutely necessary to defend the United States. I am deeply concerned that the recent escalation of hostilities between Israel and Iran could quickly pull the United States into another endless conflict," Kaine said in a statement. “The American people have no interest in sending service members to fight another forever war in the Middle East. This resolution will ensure that if we decide to place our nation’s men and women in uniform into harm’s way, we will have a debate and vote on it in Congress,” he added. Israel struck Iran's nuclear sites in massive airstrikes under ‘Operation Rising Lion’ on June 13. In retaliation, Iran launched ‘Operation True Promise 3’ striking Israeli cities and fighter jet fuel production facilities and energy supply centres. The to-and-fro offensive has continued for four days now. During Trump's first term, in 2020, Kaine introduced a similar resolution to rein in the Republican president's ability to wage war against Iran, reported Reuters. That measure passed both the Senate and House of Representatives, but did not garner enough votes to survive the president's veto. Under US law, war powers resolutions are privileged, meaning that the Senate will be required to promptly consider and vote on the matter. ‘US should avoid war’ Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, an independent who caucuses with Democrats, accused Israel of timing its attack on Iran to sabotage talks on Iran's nuclear program that had been scheduled for Sunday. He also said Washington should avoid the conflict. "The U.S. Constitution is crystal clear: there can be no offensive use of military force — against Iran or any other country — without an explicit authorization from Congress," Sanders said in a statement. Some Republicans said the United States should avoid war. Kentucky Senator Rand Paul said he hoped Trump would not give in to pressure to get involved. "It's not the US' job to be involved in this war," Paul said to NBC. "This is not our war. We should not engage our military here," Republican Representative Thomas Massie of Kentucky said on X. However, there are many who support Israel. "If diplomacy fails... help Israel finish the job. Give them bombs, fly with them if necessary," Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina said to CBS.

Kaine said his latest war powers resolution underscores that the US Constitution gives Congress, not the president, the sole power to declare war amid Israel-Iran conflict

US senator introduces war powers resolution to clip Trump’s powers amid Israel-Iran conflict: What does this mean?

Iran on Monday said that its parliament was preparing a bill that could push the Islamic Republic towards exiting the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.This comes amid heightened tensions with Israel and one day after the UN nuclear watchdog's Board of Governors declared Tehran in breach of its obligations under the NPT. This was the first such declaration by the UN nuclear watchdog in nearly two decades. Iran’s government responded by denying the allegations, accusing the IAEA of political bias and reaffirming its commitment to NPT safeguards.<h2>What is Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty?</h2>The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which came into effect in 1970, was established to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, promote disarmament, and ensure the right of all signatories to access nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. The treaty identifies nuclear-armed states as those that had manufactured and detonated a nuclear device before January 1, 1967—namely the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, and Russia. Under NPT, these five countries agreed to gradually reduce their nuclear arsenals. A total of 191 nations are party to the NPT. India, Pakistan and Israel are non-signatory to NPT.&nbsp;The NPT does not establish an outright ban on nuclear weapons for all of the countries that have joined it, nor does it include any detailed provisions stipulating how and when disarmament should take place &nbsp;The NPT includes an "escape clause" in Article X, allowing any state to withdraw if extraordinary events threaten its national interests, provided it gives three months' notice to other signatories and the UN Security Council. The treaty is reviewed every five years, with the next review conference scheduled for 2026.<h2>Iran and NPT</h2>Iran has been a non-nuclear-weapon signatory to the NPT since 1970. It maintains that its uranium enrichment program is for peaceful energy purposes, although Western countries and Israel suspect Iran of seeking nuclear weapons capability.&nbsp;&nbsp;Amid escalating tensions with Israel, Iranian officials have hinted at the possibility of withdrawing from the treaty, although no formal decision has been made. The government has acknowledged a parliamentary bill under discussion but clarified that any action will be coordinated with legislative authorities. &nbsp;"In light of recent developments, we will take an appropriate decision. Government has to enforce parliament bills but such a proposal is just being prepared and we will coordinate in the later stages with parliament," the ministry's spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei said during a press conference.&nbsp;Notably, Iran has been under international nuclear sanctions since 2006 for failing to halt its enrichment program. A 2015 agreement (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action) between Iran and six world powers, including the US, offered sanctions relief in exchange for restrictions on its nuclear activities. However, America withdrew from the deal in 2018 under President Donald Trump, reimposing sanctions. Since then, Iran has been accused of violating the NPT and the non-cooperation with the IAEA. A new deal was under negotiations between Iran and US, after Trump came to power this year, however, &nbsp;it is in jeopardy after Israel struck nuclear sites in Iran on June 15.&nbsp;

Notably, Iran has been under international nuclear sanctions since 2006 for failing to halt its enrichment program. A brief halt due to JCPOA came in 2015, but Iran's nuclear program was back on track from 2018

Iran on Monday said that its parliament was preparing a bill that could push the Islamic Republic towards exiting the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. This comes amid heightened tensions with Israel and one day after the UN nuclear watchdog's Board of Governors declared Tehran in breach of its obligations under the NPT. This was the first such declaration by the UN nuclear watchdog in nearly two decades. Iran’s government responded by denying the allegations, accusing the IAEA of political bias and reaffirming its commitment to NPT safeguards. What is Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty? The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which came into effect in 1970, was established to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, promote disarmament, and ensure the right of all signatories to access nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. The treaty identifies nuclear-armed states as those that had manufactured and detonated a nuclear device before January 1, 1967—namely the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, and Russia. Under NPT, these five countries agreed to gradually reduce their nuclear arsenals. A total of 191 nations are party to the NPT. India, Pakistan and Israel are non-signatory to NPT. The NPT does not establish an outright ban on nuclear weapons for all of the countries that have joined it, nor does it include any detailed provisions stipulating how and when disarmament should take place The NPT includes an "escape clause" in Article X, allowing any state to withdraw if extraordinary events threaten its national interests, provided it gives three months' notice to other signatories and the UN Security Council. The treaty is reviewed every five years, with the next review conference scheduled for 2026. Iran and NPT Iran has been a non-nuclear-weapon signatory to the NPT since 1970. It maintains that its uranium enrichment program is for peaceful energy purposes, although Western countries and Israel suspect Iran of seeking nuclear weapons capability. Amid escalating tensions with Israel, Iranian officials have hinted at the possibility of withdrawing from the treaty, although no formal decision has been made. The government has acknowledged a parliamentary bill under discussion but clarified that any action will be coordinated with legislative authorities. "In light of recent developments, we will take an appropriate decision. Government has to enforce parliament bills but such a proposal is just being prepared and we will coordinate in the later stages with parliament," the ministry's spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei said during a press conference. Notably, Iran has been under international nuclear sanctions since 2006 for failing to halt its enrichment program. A 2015 agreement (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action) between Iran and six world powers, including the US, offered sanctions relief in exchange for restrictions on its nuclear activities. However, America withdrew from the deal in 2018 under President Donald Trump, reimposing sanctions. Since then, Iran has been accused of violating the NPT and the non-cooperation with the IAEA. A new deal was under negotiations between Iran and US, after Trump came to power this year, however, it is in jeopardy after Israel struck nuclear sites in Iran on June 15.

Notably, Iran has been under international nuclear sanctions since 2006 for failing to halt its enrichment program. A brief halt due to JCPOA came in 2015, but Iran's nuclear program was back on track from 2018

What is nuclear non-proliferation treaty that Iran hints at exiting amid tensions with Israel? WION Explains

Oil prices jumped sharply on Tuesday as fresh explosions rocked Tehran and tensions soared between Iran and Israel, fuelling fears of a wider regional conflict that could disrupt global energy supplies.&nbsp;Brent crude futures climbed $1.17, or 1.6 per cent, to $74.40 a barrel, while US West Texas Intermediate rose $1.34, or 1.87 per cent, to $73.11 in early trading, both having risen more than 2 per cent earlier in the session, as quoted by Reuters.&nbsp;The spike reverses Monday’s brief decline, when hopes of diplomatic de-escalation flickered after reports suggested Iran was open to ending hostilities. But those hopes evaporated overnight.<h2>Explosions in Tehran, missiles over Tel Aviv</h2>On the fifth day of the intensifying standoff, Iranian media reported explosions and heavy anti-aircraft fire in central Tehran. Air raid sirens also sounded in Tel Aviv as Israel responded to incoming Iranian missiles.&nbsp;The development comes after an Israeli strike hit Iran’s state broadcaster on Monday. Separately, the head of the UN’s nuclear watchdog confirmed significant damage to Iran’s largest uranium enrichment plant, raising fears of further retaliation.&nbsp;Iran is the third-largest oil producer in the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and any military escalation could severely affect its crude output.<h2>Trump: ‘Evacuate everyone’ from Tehran</h2>Speaking to reporters on Monday night, US President Donald Trump said the situation was “extremely dangerous” and warned, “Everyone should evacuate Tehran immediately.” He added that Iran had missed a chance to strike a nuclear deal with Washington before hostilities began, but suggested Tehran may now be reconsidering.&nbsp;“If they had signed the deal, we wouldn’t be here,” Trump said. “But they didn’t. And now they want to.”&nbsp;Trump also hinted that easing US sanctions could still be on the table, potentially allowing Iran to ramp up oil exports. Such a scenario would normally put downward pressure on oil prices, but for now, traders are focused on immediate supply disruptions.<h2>OPEC+ sees slowing growth in US oil supply</h2>Meanwhile, OPEC and its allies, including Russia, collectively known as OPEC+, said on Monday they expect the global economy to remain “resilient” through the second half of 2025. However, the bloc trimmed its 2026 forecast for oil supply growth from non-OPEC+ producers such as the US and Brazil.&nbsp;The group, which accounts for nearly half the world’s oil output, is closely monitoring the Iran–Israel crisis for signs of a prolonged shock to Middle Eastern production flows.<h2>Market outlook: Volatility ahead</h2>Energy analysts warn that oil prices could rise sharply if fighting spreads or damages critical infrastructure in the Gulf. Iran controls key access points to the Strait of Hormuz, a chokepoint through which nearly one-fifth of global oil flows.&nbsp;“Any direct damage to Iranian oil facilities, or attempts to block the Strait, would be a red line for the global market,” said an analyst quoted by Reuters.&nbsp;With the US presidential election looming and the Middle East on edge, the oil market is once again at the mercy of geopolitics, setting the stage for more volatility in the weeks ahead.&nbsp;(With inputs from the agencies) &nbsp;

US President Donald Trump warned everyone to evacuate Tehran immediately and suggested Iran may reconsider signing a nuclear deal with Washington. 

Oil prices jumped sharply on Tuesday as fresh explosions rocked Tehran and tensions soared between Iran and Israel, fuelling fears of a wider regional conflict that could disrupt global energy supplies. Brent crude futures climbed $1.17, or 1.6 per cent, to $74.40 a barrel, while US West Texas Intermediate rose $1.34, or 1.87 per cent, to $73.11 in early trading, both having risen more than 2 per cent earlier in the session, as quoted by Reuters. The spike reverses Monday’s brief decline, when hopes of diplomatic de-escalation flickered after reports suggested Iran was open to ending hostilities. But those hopes evaporated overnight. Explosions in Tehran, missiles over Tel Aviv On the fifth day of the intensifying standoff, Iranian media reported explosions and heavy anti-aircraft fire in central Tehran. Air raid sirens also sounded in Tel Aviv as Israel responded to incoming Iranian missiles. The development comes after an Israeli strike hit Iran’s state broadcaster on Monday. Separately, the head of the UN’s nuclear watchdog confirmed significant damage to Iran’s largest uranium enrichment plant, raising fears of further retaliation. Iran is the third-largest oil producer in the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and any military escalation could severely affect its crude output. Trump: ‘Evacuate everyone’ from Tehran Speaking to reporters on Monday night, US President Donald Trump said the situation was “extremely dangerous” and warned, “Everyone should evacuate Tehran immediately.” He added that Iran had missed a chance to strike a nuclear deal with Washington before hostilities began, but suggested Tehran may now be reconsidering. “If they had signed the deal, we wouldn’t be here,” Trump said. “But they didn’t. And now they want to.” Trump also hinted that easing US sanctions could still be on the table, potentially allowing Iran to ramp up oil exports. Such a scenario would normally put downward pressure on oil prices, but for now, traders are focused on immediate supply disruptions. OPEC+ sees slowing growth in US oil supply Meanwhile, OPEC and its allies, including Russia, collectively known as OPEC+, said on Monday they expect the global economy to remain “resilient” through the second half of 2025. However, the bloc trimmed its 2026 forecast for oil supply growth from non-OPEC+ producers such as the US and Brazil. The group, which accounts for nearly half the world’s oil output, is closely monitoring the Iran–Israel crisis for signs of a prolonged shock to Middle Eastern production flows. Market outlook: Volatility ahead Energy analysts warn that oil prices could rise sharply if fighting spreads or damages critical infrastructure in the Gulf. Iran controls key access points to the Strait of Hormuz, a chokepoint through which nearly one-fifth of global oil flows. “Any direct damage to Iranian oil facilities, or attempts to block the Strait, would be a red line for the global market,” said an analyst quoted by Reuters. With the US presidential election looming and the Middle East on edge, the oil market is once again at the mercy of geopolitics, setting the stage for more volatility in the weeks ahead. (With inputs from the agencies)

Oil prices surged on Tuesday due to fresh explosions in Tehran and increased tensions between Iran and Israel.&nbsp;

Oil prices climb amid Iran–Israel escalation, Trump issues evacuation warning

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