A study in the United Kingdom has found that General Physician appointments online or over phone are prone to miss serious illnesses, consequently putting patients at risk.&nbsp;

The study was published in the BMJ Quality and Safety Journal. It reportedly considered data in terms of 95 UK safety incidents between 2020 and 2023 (including from during the Covid pandemic).&nbsp;

<h2>Risk of patients being underdiagnosed</h2>

The researchers said that it's not that physicians are at fault. That they rarely make mistakes during clinical examination of the patients. But there remains the risk of a patient to be underdiagnosed.&nbsp;

<h2>What are the errors that emerge from virtual/phoner medical appointments?</h2>

The researchers noted several errors made in relation to serious health conditions, such as genetic heart disease, sepsis and diabetic foot complications. This, the researchers added, "would likely have been readily diagnosed with an in-person examination".&nbsp;

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It added: "Several safety incidents involved clinicians assuming that a diagnosis made on a remote consultation was definitive rather than provisional."

"Especially when subsequent consultations were remote, such errors could become ingrained, leading to diagnostic overshadowing and missed or delayed diagnosis."

The evidence of such errors, however, is anecdotal.&nbsp;

Also watch |&nbsp;Should the AI doctor see you now?

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Even physicians contended that the health conditions are sometimes underplayed during virtual/phoner appointments.&nbsp;

General Physicians during the course of the study noted "poor rapport building" with the patients.&nbsp;

One General Physician was quoted as saying: "I’ve remembered one father that called up. Really didn’t seem to be too concerned."

"And was very much under-playing it and then when I did a video call, you know this child… had intercostal recession… looked really, really poorly. And it was quite scary actually that, you know, you'd had the conversation and if you'd just listened to what dad was saying, actually, you probably wouldn't be concerned.'"

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

According to Professor Greenhalgh, chief investigator from the University of Oxford, the vast majority of remote clinical consultations in general practice are "safe".

"When safety incidents happen, organisational pressures and poor communication often play a major role," Professor Greenhalgh said in an official statement.&nbsp;

"This new research has identified more precisely where the risks lie and what measures we can take to reduce risks further."

(With inputs from agencies)

A study in the United Kingdom has found that General Physician appointments online or over phone are prone to miss serious illnesses, consequently putting patients at risk.

A study in the United Kingdom has found that General Physician appointments online or over phone are prone to miss serious illnesses, consequently putting patients at risk. The study was published in the BMJ Quality and Safety Journal. It reportedly considered data in terms of 95 UK safety incidents between 2020 and 2023 (including from during the Covid pandemic). Risk of patients being underdiagnosed The researchers said that it's not that physicians are at fault. That they rarely make mistakes during clinical examination of the patients. But there remains the risk of a patient to be underdiagnosed. What are the errors that emerge from virtual/phoner medical appointments? The researchers noted several errors made in relation to serious health conditions, such as genetic heart disease, sepsis and diabetic foot complications. This, the researchers added, "would likely have been readily diagnosed with an in-person examination". Also read | Most of the new doctors and nurses in UK came from India, says study It added: "Several safety incidents involved clinicians assuming that a diagnosis made on a remote consultation was definitive rather than provisional." "Especially when subsequent consultations were remote, such errors could become ingrained, leading to diagnostic overshadowing and missed or delayed diagnosis." The evidence of such errors, however, is anecdotal. Also watch | Should the AI doctor see you now? × Even physicians contended that the health conditions are sometimes underplayed during virtual/phoner appointments. General Physicians during the course of the study noted "poor rapport building" with the patients. One General Physician was quoted as saying: "I’ve remembered one father that called up. Really didn’t seem to be too concerned." "And was very much under-playing it and then when I did a video call, you know this child… had intercostal recession… looked really, really poorly. And it was quite scary actually that, you know, you'd had the conversation and if you'd just listened to what dad was saying, actually, you probably wouldn't be concerned.'" What does it mean? According to Professor Greenhalgh, chief investigator from the University of Oxford, the vast majority of remote clinical consultations in general practice are "safe". "When safety incidents happen, organisational pressures and poor communication often play a major role," Professor Greenhalgh said in an official statement. "This new research has identified more precisely where the risks lie and what measures we can take to reduce risks further." (With inputs from agencies)

An online doctor's appointment may miss out on your illness, research shows

A new poll found that England and Wales are 'living in the dark ages'. The 'shocking poll'&nbsp;found that nearly one in seven HRs (Human Resource executives) believe that compared to women, men are better suited to management roles.

<h2>The 'shocking' study findings</h2>

A survey of personnel managers in England and Wales found that nearly one in seven HRs rate men as more suitable for top jobs. The poll for&nbsp;Young Women's Trust (YWT), a charity, also&nbsp;revealed that almost 20 per cent, or one in five,&nbsp;human resource personnel also admitted to being hesitant to hire women who they thought may start families.

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YWT has labelled these figures a "travesty" and said that Wales and England were "living in the dark ages".

What's more?&nbsp;The poll found that it is not the older generation that has this bias against women. Younger HR managers, as per The Guardian, were more likely to be prejudiced against women employees' capabilities to tackle tough, big roles.

<h2>From a time bygone</h2>

YWT chief executive Claire Reindorp called these biases a 'travesty',&nbsp;and said: "You might think views like this died with the dinosaurs, but they're still alive and having a very real and lasting effect."

"We know it's hard for young women to get the jobs that they want because of barriers such as a lack of flexible working and affordable childcare, but then when they do enter the workplace, discrimination and a lack of support to progress creates this broken rung on the career ladder."

"It's a travesty that in 2023 young women still aren't being given the same chances in life as young men," she added.

Alesha De-Freitas, the head of policy at the Fawcett Society, UK's leading charity campaigning for gender equality, said that the results were 'shocking',&nbsp;and the reason gender pay gap persists.

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"It is shocking that HR managers still believe that men are better suited to senior management than women," she said.

"This then funnels through to all of women's experiences at work, from pay discrimination to unfair treatment around contracts. No wonder there is no prospect of the gender pay gap closing for at least another 28 years."

For the poll, 907 human resource managers were asked to what extent they agreed or disagreed with the statement "men are better suited to senior management jobs than women". 15 per cent agreed with the statement, 79 per cent disagreed, and the rest said they didn't know.

(With inputs from agencies)

A new poll found that England and Wales are 'living in the dark ages'. The 'shocking poll' found that nearly one in seven HRs (Human Resource executives) believe that compared to women, men are better suited to management roles.

A new poll found that England and Wales are 'living in the dark ages'. The 'shocking poll' found that nearly one in seven HRs (Human Resource executives) believe that compared to women, men are better suited to management roles. The 'shocking' study findings A survey of personnel managers in England and Wales found that nearly one in seven HRs rate men as more suitable for top jobs. The poll for Young Women's Trust (YWT), a charity, also revealed that almost 20 per cent, or one in five, human resource personnel also admitted to being hesitant to hire women who they thought may start families. Also read | One man infects 5 women with rare eye syphilis following sexual intercourse YWT has labelled these figures a "travesty" and said that Wales and England were "living in the dark ages". What's more? The poll found that it is not the older generation that has this bias against women. Younger HR managers, as per The Guardian, were more likely to be prejudiced against women employees' capabilities to tackle tough, big roles. From a time bygone YWT chief executive Claire Reindorp called these biases a 'travesty', and said: "You might think views like this died with the dinosaurs, but they're still alive and having a very real and lasting effect." "We know it's hard for young women to get the jobs that they want because of barriers such as a lack of flexible working and affordable childcare, but then when they do enter the workplace, discrimination and a lack of support to progress creates this broken rung on the career ladder." "It's a travesty that in 2023 young women still aren't being given the same chances in life as young men," she added. Alesha De-Freitas, the head of policy at the Fawcett Society, UK's leading charity campaigning for gender equality, said that the results were 'shocking', and the reason gender pay gap persists. Also read | Strong winds knock over the National Christmas Tree outside White House "It is shocking that HR managers still believe that men are better suited to senior management than women," she said. "This then funnels through to all of women's experiences at work, from pay discrimination to unfair treatment around contracts. No wonder there is no prospect of the gender pay gap closing for at least another 28 years." For the poll, 907 human resource managers were asked to what extent they agreed or disagreed with the statement "men are better suited to senior management jobs than women". 15 per cent agreed with the statement, 79 per cent disagreed, and the rest said they didn't know. (With inputs from agencies)

England and Wales 'living in dark ages,' poll finds 1-in-7 HRs says men better suited to top jobs

A recent study has challenged the pre-existing assumption that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are inherently more appealing than less processed options.&nbsp;

The research by the University of Bristol, as per The Guardian, aimed to investigate whether calories and processing levels are the primary factors influencing taste perception and food desirability.

<h2>Study methodology</h2>

The study, as per the report, involved 224 adult volunteers who were presented with colour images of 24 to 32 familiar foods. These ranged from avocado and grapes to blueberry muffins and ice cream and varied in calories, processing levels (including UPFs), and carbohydrate-to-fat ratio.&nbsp;

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Participants were then asked to rate the foods for taste pleasantness, desire to eat, sweetness, and saltiness while imagining tasting them.

<h2>Study results</h2>

Contrary to expectations, the results published in the journal Appetite revealed that, on average, UPFs were no more liked or desired than processed or unprocessed foods.&nbsp;

The study found that foods with more intense flavours, particularly related to sweetness and saltiness, were generally more liked and desired.

Lead author Prof Peter Rogers noted, "While ultra-processing didn’t reliably predict liking (palatability) in our study, food carbohydrate-to-fat ratio, food fibre content and taste intensity did – actually, together, these three characteristics accounted for more than half of the variability in liking across the foods we tested".

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The findings as per Rogers suggest that "humans are programmed to learn to like foods with more equal amounts of carbohydrate and fat, and lower amounts of fibre, because those foods are less filling per calorie. In other words, we value calories over fullness."

The study comes as concern about the rising consumption of UPFs globally grows. As per the Guardia report, in the UK and the US, these foods now constitute over half of the average diet. Furthermore, UPFs such as ice cream, fizzy drinks, and ready meals have been associated with health issues, including an increased risk of cancer, weight gain, and heart disease.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A recent study has challenged the pre-existing assumption that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are inherently more appealing than less processed options. The research by the University of Bristol, as per The Guardian, aimed to investigate whether calories and processing levels are the primary factors influencing taste perception and food desirability.

A recent study has challenged the pre-existing assumption that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are inherently more appealing than less processed options. The research by the University of Bristol, as per The Guardian, aimed to investigate whether calories and processing levels are the primary factors influencing taste perception and food desirability. Study methodology The study, as per the report, involved 224 adult volunteers who were presented with colour images of 24 to 32 familiar foods. These ranged from avocado and grapes to blueberry muffins and ice cream and varied in calories, processing levels (including UPFs), and carbohydrate-to-fat ratio. Also read | How did Neanderthals speak? Study points to human-like speech Participants were then asked to rate the foods for taste pleasantness, desire to eat, sweetness, and saltiness while imagining tasting them. Study results Contrary to expectations, the results published in the journal Appetite revealed that, on average, UPFs were no more liked or desired than processed or unprocessed foods. The study found that foods with more intense flavours, particularly related to sweetness and saltiness, were generally more liked and desired. Lead author Prof Peter Rogers noted, "While ultra-processing didn’t reliably predict liking (palatability) in our study, food carbohydrate-to-fat ratio, food fibre content and taste intensity did – actually, together, these three characteristics accounted for more than half of the variability in liking across the foods we tested". Also read | US: Fully intact fly found in man's intestine during routine screening, leaves him stumped The findings as per Rogers suggest that "humans are programmed to learn to like foods with more equal amounts of carbohydrate and fat, and lower amounts of fibre, because those foods are less filling per calorie. In other words, we value calories over fullness." The study comes as concern about the rising consumption of UPFs globally grows. As per the Guardia report, in the UK and the US, these foods now constitute over half of the average diet. Furthermore, UPFs such as ice cream, fizzy drinks, and ready meals have been associated with health issues, including an increased risk of cancer, weight gain, and heart disease. (With inputs from agencies)

Are ultra-processed foods more appealing than less processed options? Here's what a study found

Authentic is the "word of the year" 2023, as per America's oldest dictionary, Merriam-Webster.

Driven by high traffic of stories and conversations around Artificial Intelligence, celebrity culture, identity and social media, the word 'Authentic' topped the charts.

<h2>What does 'authentic' mean?</h2>

As per Merriam-Webster, 'authentic' is the "term for something we're thinking about, writing about, aspiring to, and judging more than ever."

The dictionary describes authentic as a word with manifold meanings including "not false or imitation," a synonym of real and actual; and also "true to one's own personality, spirit, or character."

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However, a blog post announcing the word of the year also says that while authenticity is a "desirable quality", the word is "hard to define and subject to debate", these two reasons it said, "sends many people to the dictionary."

<h2>Why were people searching for 'authentic'?</h2>

In America, as per the US' oldest dictionary, the rise of artificial intelligence and its impact in terms of the increasingly common deep fake videos, actors' contracts, academic honesty, and a vast number of other topics drove the searches.&nbsp;

As "the line between 'real' and 'fake' has become increasingly blurred," brands, celebrities and social media influencers all aspire to be 'authentic', it says.

Pushing the search were celebrities like Taylor Swift and Elon Musk.

<h2>What other words were popular?</h2>

Other contenders for 'Word of the Year' included 'deepfake' — "an image or recording that has been convincingly altered and manipulated to misrepresent someone as doing or saying something that was not actually done or said."

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Also on the list was "indict" thanks to the indictment of former US President Donald Trump in four separate cases.

'Rizz' a trending internet-driven slang was one of the major runner-ups. The word that means "romantic appeal or charm" was added to the dictionary in September. 'Coronation' thanks to British King Charles III taking over as monarch also saw a spike. Furthermore, as record-high temperatures plagued the world, 'dystopian' also topped the search.

(With inputs from agencies)

Authentic is the "word of the year" 2023, as per America's oldest dictionary, Merriam-Webster. Driven by high traffic of stories and conversations around Artificial Intelligence, celebrity culture, identity and social media, the word 'Authentic' topped the charts.

Authentic is the "word of the year" 2023, as per America's oldest dictionary, Merriam-Webster. Driven by high traffic of stories and conversations around Artificial Intelligence, celebrity culture, identity and social media, the word 'Authentic' topped the charts. What does 'authentic' mean? As per Merriam-Webster, 'authentic' is the "term for something we're thinking about, writing about, aspiring to, and judging more than ever." The dictionary describes authentic as a word with manifold meanings including "not false or imitation," a synonym of real and actual; and also "true to one's own personality, spirit, or character." Also read | Artificial Intelligence dominates conversations in 2023, named 'Word of the Year' by Collins Dictionary However, a blog post announcing the word of the year also says that while authenticity is a "desirable quality", the word is "hard to define and subject to debate", these two reasons it said, "sends many people to the dictionary." Why were people searching for 'authentic'? In America, as per the US' oldest dictionary, the rise of artificial intelligence and its impact in terms of the increasingly common deep fake videos, actors' contracts, academic honesty, and a vast number of other topics drove the searches. As "the line between 'real' and 'fake' has become increasingly blurred," brands, celebrities and social media influencers all aspire to be 'authentic', it says. Pushing the search were celebrities like Taylor Swift and Elon Musk. What other words were popular? Other contenders for 'Word of the Year' included 'deepfake' — "an image or recording that has been convincingly altered and manipulated to misrepresent someone as doing or saying something that was not actually done or said." Also read | Bangladeshi couple's research paper cum wedding invitation leaves internet in splits Also on the list was "indict" thanks to the indictment of former US President Donald Trump in four separate cases. 'Rizz' a trending internet-driven slang was one of the major runner-ups. The word that means "romantic appeal or charm" was added to the dictionary in September. 'Coronation' thanks to British King Charles III taking over as monarch also saw a spike. Furthermore, as record-high temperatures plagued the world, 'dystopian' also topped the search. (With inputs from agencies)

Merriam-Webster selects 'authentic' as word of the year 2023

A fascinating study has found that the eyes have a way of 'talking' to the ears.&nbsp;Researchers have discovered that microphones strategically placed in the ear canal can pick up subtle sounds produced by eyeball movements, media reports said quoting a&nbsp;study. The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences also highlighted the potential implications for visual-auditory tasks.

This will allow scientists to determine the direction in which a person is looking. These sounds, which are imperceptible to the conscious mind, are believed to be related to the contraction of ear muscles prompted by signals from eye movements. As per reports, these mechanisms might be linked to the brain's ability to coordinate visual and auditory information. This facilitates locating the sounds even when the eyes are in motion and the ears are not.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/eye-contact-though-rare-during-communication-is-a-good-social-behavioural-cue-study-662302">Eye contact, though rare during communication, is a good social behavioural cue: Study</a>

While the exact function of these eye-generated sounds remains uncertain, researchers are speculating that they may contribute to sharpening perception.

<h2>Study can help in clinical tests for hearing&nbsp;</h2>

The study is a crucial development as researchers also suggested that understanding these subtle noises could potentially lead to the development of innovative clinical tests for hearing.

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It also indicated that similar to how pupils dilate to regulate light intake, the ears seem to have mechanisms that adjust to loud sounds. Moreover, previous research indicated that eye movements trigger these auditory regulation mechanisms.

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Reports while quoting the senior author of the paper Jennifer Groh said, “You can actually estimate the movement of the eyes, the position of the target that the eyes are going to look at, just from recordings made with a microphone in the ear canal. We think this is part of a system for allowing the brain to match up where sights and sounds are located, even though our eyes can move when our head and ears do not."

"Some folks have a really reproducible signal day-to-day, and you can measure it quickly. You might expect those folks to be really good at a visual-auditory task compared to other folks, where it’s more variable,"&nbsp;Groh added.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A fascinating study has found that the eyes have a way of 'talking' to the ears. Researchers have discovered that microphones strategically placed in the ear canal can pick up subtle sounds produced by eyeball movements, media reports said quoting a study.

A fascinating study has found that the eyes have a way of 'talking' to the ears. Researchers have discovered that microphones strategically placed in the ear canal can pick up subtle sounds produced by eyeball movements, media reports said quoting a study. The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences also highlighted the potential implications for visual-auditory tasks. This will allow scientists to determine the direction in which a person is looking. These sounds, which are imperceptible to the conscious mind, are believed to be related to the contraction of ear muscles prompted by signals from eye movements. As per reports, these mechanisms might be linked to the brain's ability to coordinate visual and auditory information. This facilitates locating the sounds even when the eyes are in motion and the ears are not. Also Read | Eye contact, though rare during communication, is a good social behavioural cue: Study While the exact function of these eye-generated sounds remains uncertain, researchers are speculating that they may contribute to sharpening perception. Study can help in clinical tests for hearing The study is a crucial development as researchers also suggested that understanding these subtle noises could potentially lead to the development of innovative clinical tests for hearing. Also Read | Quail, turkey, seafood & more: 50th Thanksgiving on space station was a grand affair It also indicated that similar to how pupils dilate to regulate light intake, the ears seem to have mechanisms that adjust to loud sounds. Moreover, previous research indicated that eye movements trigger these auditory regulation mechanisms. Watch | Indian Doctoral student killed in US | America's gun problem becomes a global human issue | WION × Reports while quoting the senior author of the paper Jennifer Groh said, “You can actually estimate the movement of the eyes, the position of the target that the eyes are going to look at, just from recordings made with a microphone in the ear canal. We think this is part of a system for allowing the brain to match up where sights and sounds are located, even though our eyes can move when our head and ears do not." "Some folks have a really reproducible signal day-to-day, and you can measure it quickly. You might expect those folks to be really good at a visual-auditory task compared to other folks, where it’s more variable," Groh added. (With inputs from agencies)

When eyes 'talk' to ear: Microphones in ear canal can tell where a person is looking

Researchers from the University of Texas and the University of Delaware have uncovered a potential memory system in the well-studied bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). Despite lacking a brain or nervous system, E. coli seems capable of forming memories of past experiences and passing them down to subsequent generations.

Contrary to conscious human memory, this bacterial memory system impacts decision-making based on prior encounters.

Lead researcher Souvik Bhattacharyya explained&nbsp;to ScienceAlert&nbsp;that while bacteria lack brains, they can gather and store information from their environment, later accessing it for their advantage.

The study's foundation lies in over 10,000 bacterial 'swarming' assays, examining E. coli behaviour when cells collaborate for efficient exploration or form biofilms for colonisation. Intriguingly, intracellular iron levels emerged as a key factor influencing swarming behaviour.

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<h2>Iron levels and behavioural response</h2>

Low iron levels prompted faster and more efficient swarming, while higher levels led to a more settled lifestyle.

Astonishingly, cells experiencing low iron levels in early generations exhibited accelerated swarming in subsequent generations.

This 'iron' memory endured for at least four generations, representing a unique form of behavioural conditioning.

Daughter cells inherited the iron-based memory from the mother cell, persisting through at least four successive generations before naturally diminishing by the seventh.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/reusable-water-bottles-carry-40000-times-more-bacteria-than-a-toilet-seat-shows-study-571769">Also read |&nbsp;Reusable water bottles carry 40,000 TIMES more bacteria than a toilet seat, shows study</a>

Artificial reinforcement could restore memory, showcasing a distinctive intergenerational transmission of behavioural traits in E. coli.

While the study hasn't pinpointed the molecular mechanism behind this memory system, the robust link between intracellular iron and intergenerational behaviour suggests a form of enduring conditioning.

Despite the role of epigenetics in passing biological settings through generations, the short duration of heritability in this case implies a distinct mechanism.

(With inputs from agencies)

&nbsp;

Researchers from the University of Texas and the University of Delaware have uncovered a potential memory system in the well-studied bacterium Escherichia coli (E.

Researchers from the University of Texas and the University of Delaware have uncovered a potential memory system in the well-studied bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). Despite lacking a brain or nervous system, E. coli seems capable of forming memories of past experiences and passing them down to subsequent generations. Contrary to conscious human memory, this bacterial memory system impacts decision-making based on prior encounters. Lead researcher Souvik Bhattacharyya explained to ScienceAlert that while bacteria lack brains, they can gather and store information from their environment, later accessing it for their advantage. The study's foundation lies in over 10,000 bacterial 'swarming' assays, examining E. coli behaviour when cells collaborate for efficient exploration or form biofilms for colonisation. Intriguingly, intracellular iron levels emerged as a key factor influencing swarming behaviour. Also read | Scientists discover bacteria that stops malaria transmission, by sheer chance Iron levels and behavioural response Low iron levels prompted faster and more efficient swarming, while higher levels led to a more settled lifestyle. Astonishingly, cells experiencing low iron levels in early generations exhibited accelerated swarming in subsequent generations. This 'iron' memory endured for at least four generations, representing a unique form of behavioural conditioning. Daughter cells inherited the iron-based memory from the mother cell, persisting through at least four successive generations before naturally diminishing by the seventh. Also read | Reusable water bottles carry 40,000 TIMES more bacteria than a toilet seat, shows study Artificial reinforcement could restore memory, showcasing a distinctive intergenerational transmission of behavioural traits in E. coli. While the study hasn't pinpointed the molecular mechanism behind this memory system, the robust link between intracellular iron and intergenerational behaviour suggests a form of enduring conditioning. Despite the role of epigenetics in passing biological settings through generations, the short duration of heritability in this case implies a distinct mechanism. (With inputs from agencies)

E. coli creates memories and passes them on to future generations, study finds

In a new study, the scientists have unravelled the reason behind skin conditions like eczema causing itching in people. 
 
One reason which is known to cause itching is inflammation which tends to get worse if people continue to scratch and their skin is damaged. However, as per the latest study, there are other reasons which may trigger itchiness. 
 
Harvard Medical School's researchers have found that the bacterium can activate nerve cells in mice directly.

“What was surprising is that in some situations where there was very little inflammation, we could still see the mice scratching. It turns out, the reason is that the bacteria were directly acting on nerve fibres that produce itch,” said co-author of the study Isaac Chiu, who is also an associate professor of immunology at Harvard Medical School, reported NBC News. 
 
Before the study was carried out, scientists knew that the bacterium S. aureus was related to eczema, however, there was no clarity on the exact link.

In the new study, it was found that once S. aureus got into the skin of the mouse, it released an enzyme known as V8.

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This enzyme activates a protein called PAR1, which is present in nerve cells in the skin. The activated protein transmits signals to the brain which makes the mouse itchy and prompts it to begin scratching. 
 
Lab experiments, which involved human nerve cells, hinted at the possibility of the same mechanism taking place in people. However, the researchers did not express confidence in whether the findings directly translated to the possibility of the same occurrence in humans.

<h2>Research gives new direction in pursuit of treatments</h2>

The research offered scientists a new direction for pursuing in development of treatments for eczema, which has been affecting nearly 10 per cent of people in the United States. 
 
The most common type of eczema, atopic dermatitis, leads to chronic itchy dry and cracked skin and has been strongly associated with allergies like asthma or hay fever. 
 
Study's co-author and postdoctoral researcher in Chiu’s lab Liwen Deng said, “For patients with atopic dermatitis, almost all of their lesions harbor Staph aureus.”

Watch:&nbsp;Bird flu detected in Antarctica | Scientists create 'identical twin' universe&nbsp;

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In the latest study, S. aureus bacteria were directly exposed to the skin of the mice for several days. After the third day, the researchers found that mice experienced skin irritation and the scratching increased significantly by the fifth day compared to mice who did not get exposed to the bacteria. 
 
The study's results suggested that the bacterium had led to the itchiness. “Their study was able to break apart the inflammatory response and the itch response,” said Nathan Archer, who is an assistant professor of dermatology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and was not part of the study.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a new study, the scientists have unravelled the reason behind skin conditions like eczema causing itching in people. One reason which is known to cause itching is inflammation which tends to get worse if people continue to scratch and their skin is damaged.

In a new study, the scientists have unravelled the reason behind skin conditions like eczema causing itching in people. One reason which is known to cause itching is inflammation which tends to get worse if people continue to scratch and their skin is damaged. However, as per the latest study, there are other reasons which may trigger itchiness. Harvard Medical School's researchers have found that the bacterium can activate nerve cells in mice directly. “What was surprising is that in some situations where there was very little inflammation, we could still see the mice scratching. It turns out, the reason is that the bacteria were directly acting on nerve fibres that produce itch,” said co-author of the study Isaac Chiu, who is also an associate professor of immunology at Harvard Medical School, reported NBC News. Before the study was carried out, scientists knew that the bacterium S. aureus was related to eczema, however, there was no clarity on the exact link. In the new study, it was found that once S. aureus got into the skin of the mouse, it released an enzyme known as V8. Also read: Scientists achieve major leap forward to potential hair-loss cure This enzyme activates a protein called PAR1, which is present in nerve cells in the skin. The activated protein transmits signals to the brain which makes the mouse itchy and prompts it to begin scratching. Lab experiments, which involved human nerve cells, hinted at the possibility of the same mechanism taking place in people. However, the researchers did not express confidence in whether the findings directly translated to the possibility of the same occurrence in humans. Research gives new direction in pursuit of treatments The research offered scientists a new direction for pursuing in development of treatments for eczema, which has been affecting nearly 10 per cent of people in the United States. The most common type of eczema, atopic dermatitis, leads to chronic itchy dry and cracked skin and has been strongly associated with allergies like asthma or hay fever. Study's co-author and postdoctoral researcher in Chiu’s lab Liwen Deng said, “For patients with atopic dermatitis, almost all of their lesions harbor Staph aureus.” Watch: Bird flu detected in Antarctica | Scientists create 'identical twin' universe In the latest study, S. aureus bacteria were directly exposed to the skin of the mice for several days. After the third day, the researchers found that mice experienced skin irritation and the scratching increased significantly by the fifth day compared to mice who did not get exposed to the bacteria. The study's results suggested that the bacterium had led to the itchiness. “Their study was able to break apart the inflammatory response and the itch response,” said Nathan Archer, who is an assistant professor of dermatology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and was not part of the study. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists unravel why skin conditions like eczema lead to itching. New research says...

Research is growing into computational models that will move medicine beyond what works on the average patient.

Digital Twins: Virtual representation of patients

A recent study utilising data from NASA's retired Kepler Space Telescope has provided insights into the enigma of disappearing atmospheres and shrinking sizes of certain exoplanets. Researchers believe they may have identified a potential explanation for the "missing" planets falling between the size range of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes.

Exoplanets exist outside our solar system and exhibit diverse sizes, ranging from rocky planets to gas giants. In between, there are rocky super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. But there also exists a noticeable void, a "size gap."

NASA's&nbsp;Jet Propulsion Laboratory said that there is a "conspicuous absence" or a “size gap” of planets that are 1.5 to 2 times Earth's size. This has left scientists puzzled.&nbsp;

However, the lead&nbsp;author of the new study in The Astronomical Journal and Caltech/IPAC research scientist Jessie Christiansen said that “scientists have now confirmed the detection of over 5,000 exoplanets, but there are fewer planets than expected with a diameter between 1.5 and 2 times that of Earth."&nbsp;

“Exoplanet scientists have enough data now to say that this gap is not a fluke. There’s something going on that impedes planets from reaching and/or staying at this size," Christiansen added.&nbsp;

Scientists have dedicated efforts to unravel the mysteries surrounding this absence and gain a deeper understanding of the planetary system.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/italy-bans-lab-grown-frankenstein-meat-citing-health-concerns-and-need-to-safeguard-livestock-industry-659640">Italy bans lab-grown 'frankenstein' meat citing health concerns and need to safeguard livestock industry</a>

<h2>So what is behind the shrinking of exoplanets?&nbsp;</h2>

The study proposed that some sub-Neptunes lose their atmospheres, causing them to shrink. The leading explanations for this atmospheric loss are core-powered mass loss and photoevaporation. The researchers have uncovered new evidence supporting the theory of core-powered mass loss as a potential mechanism behind the shrinking of these planets.&nbsp;

Core-powered mass loss involves radiation from a planet's hot core gradually pushing its atmosphere away over time, eventually shrinking it. In contrast, photoevaporation occurs when a planet's atmosphere is eroded by the intense radiation from its host star.

The study suggested that core-powered mass loss occurs later in a planet's life, around 1 billion years, while photoevaporation is more likely to happen within the first 100 million years.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/rbi-bulletin-highlights-inflation-challenge-despite-boost-in-consumption-659632">RBI bulletin highlights inflation challenge despite boost in consumption</a>

<h2>Observations of star clusters</h2>

The researchers focused on star clusters Praesepe and Hyades, aged between 600 million and 800 million years.

By analysing these clusters, the team concluded in&nbsp;their findings that core-powered mass loss is a more plausible reasoning for these "missing" exoplanets.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/russia-says-artist-was-spreading-misinformation-about-military-659688">Russia says artist was spreading misinformation about military</a>

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While the study provides valuable insights, the researchers said that the understanding of photoevaporation and core-powered mass loss is an evolving field.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A recent study utilising data from NASA's retired Kepler Space Telescope has provided insights into the enigma of disappearing atmospheres and shrinking sizes of certain exoplanets.

A recent study utilising data from NASA's retired Kepler Space Telescope has provided insights into the enigma of disappearing atmospheres and shrinking sizes of certain exoplanets. Researchers believe they may have identified a potential explanation for the "missing" planets falling between the size range of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. Exoplanets exist outside our solar system and exhibit diverse sizes, ranging from rocky planets to gas giants. In between, there are rocky super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. But there also exists a noticeable void, a "size gap." NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory said that there is a "conspicuous absence" or a “size gap” of planets that are 1.5 to 2 times Earth's size. This has left scientists puzzled. However, the lead author of the new study in The Astronomical Journal and Caltech/IPAC research scientist Jessie Christiansen said that “scientists have now confirmed the detection of over 5,000 exoplanets, but there are fewer planets than expected with a diameter between 1.5 and 2 times that of Earth." “Exoplanet scientists have enough data now to say that this gap is not a fluke. There’s something going on that impedes planets from reaching and/or staying at this size," Christiansen added. Scientists have dedicated efforts to unravel the mysteries surrounding this absence and gain a deeper understanding of the planetary system. Also Read | Italy bans lab-grown 'frankenstein' meat citing health concerns and need to safeguard livestock industry So what is behind the shrinking of exoplanets? The study proposed that some sub-Neptunes lose their atmospheres, causing them to shrink. The leading explanations for this atmospheric loss are core-powered mass loss and photoevaporation. The researchers have uncovered new evidence supporting the theory of core-powered mass loss as a potential mechanism behind the shrinking of these planets. Core-powered mass loss involves radiation from a planet's hot core gradually pushing its atmosphere away over time, eventually shrinking it. In contrast, photoevaporation occurs when a planet's atmosphere is eroded by the intense radiation from its host star. The study suggested that core-powered mass loss occurs later in a planet's life, around 1 billion years, while photoevaporation is more likely to happen within the first 100 million years. Also Read | RBI bulletin highlights inflation challenge despite boost in consumption Observations of star clusters The researchers focused on star clusters Praesepe and Hyades, aged between 600 million and 800 million years. By analysing these clusters, the team concluded in their findings that core-powered mass loss is a more plausible reasoning for these "missing" exoplanets. Watch | Russia says artist was spreading misinformation about military × While the study provides valuable insights, the researchers said that the understanding of photoevaporation and core-powered mass loss is an evolving field. (With inputs from agencies)

Is mystery of shrinking exoplanets solved? Data from NASA reveals new details

Be it actors, singers or comedians, several artists all over the world have opened up about their struggles with mental health issues.

But as per a new study, out of all the creative communities in the world, magicians are exempted from the inner turmoil which most artists experience in their lifetime.

The research led by Aberystwyth University's psychology department attributed this to the level of difficulty scale of the several tricks performed by them.

Published in the journal BJPsych Open, the study measured the psychological traits of nearly 200 magicians and compared the results with the data received from other creative groups.

It found that the three pivotal measures of psychosis, delusions are less likely to occur in magicians than in artists, musicians and comedians.

They are also less likely to have hallucinations that mainly make it hard for people to focus.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-calls-out-space-enthusiasts-to-get-their-names-added-to-its-europa-clipper-658893">NASA calls out space enthusiasts to get their names added to its Europa Clipper</a>

<h2>Association between creativity and psychopathology</h2>

Gil Greengross from Aberystwyth University, who led the study, said that this was the very first time a research was conducted to demonstrate an artistic group with lower scores on psychotic traits than the general population.

“Our research shows that magicians do not exhibit higher levels of mental disorders. The results demonstrate that the association between creativity and psychopathology is more complex than previously thought,” he said.

“This trait is valuable for many creative groups such as writers, poets and comedians whose acts are often edgy and challenge conventional wisdom. Magicians can be equally innovative and push the limits. However, many magicians perform familiar tricks or variations of them without feeling the need to innovate,” he added.

He then said that the main factor that distinguishes magicians from a majority of other performing artists is the precision that is required in their performances.

"Compared to other performers, it is more difficult to overcome errors - magic tricks largely being 'all or nothing' acts that culminate in an 'Aha' moment of surprise and awe."

"Failed magic tricks leave a greater impact than unfunny jokes and are harder to compensate for as they are few and far between," Dr Greengross added.

"In addition to requiring highly technical skills, regardless of the type of magic performed, the high stakes of magic performances make magicians a unique creative group to study amongst all artistic professions," he further said.

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Be it actors, singers or comedians, several artists all over the world have opened up about their struggles with mental health issues. But as per a new study, out of all the creative communities in the world, magicians are exempted from the inner turmoil which most artists experience in their lifetime.

Be it actors, singers or comedians, several artists all over the world have opened up about their struggles with mental health issues. But as per a new study, out of all the creative communities in the world, magicians are exempted from the inner turmoil which most artists experience in their lifetime. The research led by Aberystwyth University's psychology department attributed this to the level of difficulty scale of the several tricks performed by them. Published in the journal BJPsych Open, the study measured the psychological traits of nearly 200 magicians and compared the results with the data received from other creative groups. It found that the three pivotal measures of psychosis, delusions are less likely to occur in magicians than in artists, musicians and comedians. They are also less likely to have hallucinations that mainly make it hard for people to focus. Also read: NASA calls out space enthusiasts to get their names added to its Europa Clipper Association between creativity and psychopathology Gil Greengross from Aberystwyth University, who led the study, said that this was the very first time a research was conducted to demonstrate an artistic group with lower scores on psychotic traits than the general population. “Our research shows that magicians do not exhibit higher levels of mental disorders. The results demonstrate that the association between creativity and psychopathology is more complex than previously thought,” he said. “This trait is valuable for many creative groups such as writers, poets and comedians whose acts are often edgy and challenge conventional wisdom. Magicians can be equally innovative and push the limits. However, many magicians perform familiar tricks or variations of them without feeling the need to innovate,” he added. He then said that the main factor that distinguishes magicians from a majority of other performing artists is the precision that is required in their performances. "Compared to other performers, it is more difficult to overcome errors - magic tricks largely being 'all or nothing' acts that culminate in an 'Aha' moment of surprise and awe." "Failed magic tricks leave a greater impact than unfunny jokes and are harder to compensate for as they are few and far between," Dr Greengross added. "In addition to requiring highly technical skills, regardless of the type of magic performed, the high stakes of magic performances make magicians a unique creative group to study amongst all artistic professions," he further said. (With inputs from agencies)

Magicians less prone to mental illness as compared to other artists, suggests study

Amid the rising clamour over weight-loss drugs and their side effects, new experimental drugs that supposedly reduce bad cholesterol levels have shown promising effects.

Presented at Sunday's (Nov 12) annual meeting of the American Heart Association, two groundbreaking researches have reportedly showcased drugs that are both safe and effective.

<h2>Reducing cholesterol the medical way</h2>

These medications, as per NBC News, are not meant as a weight loss drug, rather, these are meant for people with certain genetic predisposition.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/found-some-real-use-for-passport-internet-left-in-splits-over-this-unusual-use-of-a-passport-watch-658486">'Found some real use for passport!' Internet left in splits over THIS unusual use of a passport. Watch!</a>

People that have a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol can make use of these drugs in combination with diet and exercise to manage their risk for heart attack and stroke.

<h2>How do these medications work?</h2>

One of the treatments makes use of gene-editing, while the other uses mRNA.

The first one, a medication from Verve Therapeutics, using an approach called base editing,&nbsp;targets the PCSK9 gene.

This gene is behind the production of LDL, often known as "bad" cholesterol.&nbsp;

As per Verve's co-founder and CEO Dr Sekar Kathiresan, the medication works like a permanent eraser, removing the gene's ability to raise cholesterol.

The second medication, as per NBC news report, is a novel therapy that could be the first treatment for lipoprotein(a) aka Lp(a) — a dangerous type of cholesterol.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-want-to-give-space-a-socially-conscious-makeover-push-for-renaming-magellan-galaxies-658473">Astronomers want to give space a socially conscious&nbsp;makeover, push for renaming Magellan galaxies</a>

People with high levels of this cholesterol are extremely vulnerable to having fats build up in their arteries. This genetic condition is "essentially untreatable," says Dr Steven Nissen, the study's author.&nbsp;

"The only way to target such a genetic risk factor is to find a way to interfere with the product of the gene," adds Nissen, chief academic officer of the Heart, Vascular &amp; Thoracic Institute at Cleveland Clinic.

Nissen's team has developed a drug called lepodisiran, that like COVID-19 vaccines, targets mRNA, to prompt our body into developing antibodies.

<h2>When will these drugs be available for public use?</h2>

It may be some time before these are available for public use. Neither treatment has been tested in humans, and they require additional research and testing before they are even considered for approval by the Food and Drug Administration.

Despite that, experts at the meeting were impressed by the research findings. As Dr Hugh Cassiere, director of critical care services at South Shore University Hospital, Northwell Cardiovascular Institute in New York puts it, "There is no way to categorise this other than revolutionary". Cassiere was not a part of either research.

(With inputs from agencies)

Amid the rising clamour over weight-loss drugs and their side effects, new experimental drugs that supposedly reduce bad cholesterol levels have shown promising effects.

Amid the rising clamour over weight-loss drugs and their side effects, new experimental drugs that supposedly reduce bad cholesterol levels have shown promising effects. Presented at Sunday's (Nov 12) annual meeting of the American Heart Association, two groundbreaking researches have reportedly showcased drugs that are both safe and effective. Reducing cholesterol the medical way These medications, as per NBC News, are not meant as a weight loss drug, rather, these are meant for people with certain genetic predisposition. Also read | 'Found some real use for passport!' Internet left in splits over THIS unusual use of a passport. Watch! People that have a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol can make use of these drugs in combination with diet and exercise to manage their risk for heart attack and stroke. How do these medications work? One of the treatments makes use of gene-editing, while the other uses mRNA. The first one, a medication from Verve Therapeutics, using an approach called base editing, targets the PCSK9 gene. This gene is behind the production of LDL, often known as "bad" cholesterol. As per Verve's co-founder and CEO Dr Sekar Kathiresan, the medication works like a permanent eraser, removing the gene's ability to raise cholesterol. The second medication, as per NBC news report, is a novel therapy that could be the first treatment for lipoprotein(a) aka Lp(a) — a dangerous type of cholesterol. Also read | Astronomers want to give space a socially conscious makeover, push for renaming Magellan galaxies People with high levels of this cholesterol are extremely vulnerable to having fats build up in their arteries. This genetic condition is "essentially untreatable," says Dr Steven Nissen, the study's author. "The only way to target such a genetic risk factor is to find a way to interfere with the product of the gene," adds Nissen, chief academic officer of the Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute at Cleveland Clinic. Nissen's team has developed a drug called lepodisiran, that like COVID-19 vaccines, targets mRNA, to prompt our body into developing antibodies. When will these drugs be available for public use? It may be some time before these are available for public use. Neither treatment has been tested in humans, and they require additional research and testing before they are even considered for approval by the Food and Drug Administration. Despite that, experts at the meeting were impressed by the research findings. As Dr Hugh Cassiere, director of critical care services at South Shore University Hospital, Northwell Cardiovascular Institute in New York puts it, "There is no way to categorise this other than revolutionary". Cassiere was not a part of either research. (With inputs from agencies)

'Revolutionary': Scientists have developed two promising medications for 'bad' cholesterol

Back in June of this year, a team of researchers made sensational claims about a small-brained ancient hominid known as Homo naledi. The alleged discovery by the research team led by Professor Lee Berger of the University of Witwatersrand excited the scientific community to no end.&nbsp;

The findings, if proven accurate, could overturn much of what we know about human evolution. However, a recent paper has ridiculed the "discovery".&nbsp;

<h2>What the team claimed to have discovered</h2>

Dr Berger and his team claimed to have found evidence that the long-extinct species buried its dead and decorated their graves with abstract markings.

Given that the species had a brain no larger than a chimpanzee's, this finding at the time suggested intelligence similar to modern humans.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/not-homo-sapiens-but-this-extinct-human-species-buried-their-dead-first-601963">Not homo sapiens but this extinct human species buried their dead first</a>

This could be the oldest evidence of burials by the human species. The discovery as reported by the team was made in South Africa's Rising Star Cave System.

<h2>New research rebuts Berger's findings</h2>

A new study has pooh-poohed the Homo naledi-mania and suggests that the small-brained human ancestors may have nothing to do with the burials or marking of graves.

The research which has been published in the Journal of Human Evolution suggests that instead of it being chalked up to a deliberate disposal of the dead, some natural processes may explain the findings better.

Researchers from Spain and Australia suggest that things like a natural death trap or the bones being transported inside the narrow cave via flowing or flood waters may be a better explanation. According to them, an ancient member of the species may also have carried the remains into the cave or they could be there because of carnivore activity.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/trouble-in-space-soaring-costs-of-nasas-mars-sample-return-mission-risks-other-projects-657819">Trouble in space: Soaring costs of NASA's Mars Sample Return Mission risk other significant projects</a>

To back their hypothesis, they cite geological, taphonomic and paleontological evidence.

They also say that the caves where the bones of more than 15 Homo naledi individuals representing all age groups were found were too unreachable. This meant that other researchers could not enter the caves and verify Berger's findings.

It also pours cold water on the alleged centuries-old engravings and says that Berger's teams have used any scientific methods to date them. They conclude that the Rising Star team has built a "persuasive discourse" which is "misleading" and that "they do not test their hypothesis but selectively report the evidence that supports their preferred scenario."

(With inputs from agencies)

Back in June of this year, a team of researchers made sensational claims about a small-brained ancient hominid known as Homo naledi. The alleged discovery by the research team led by Professor Lee Berger of the University of Witwatersrand excited the scientific community to no end.

Back in June of this year, a team of researchers made sensational claims about a small-brained ancient hominid known as Homo naledi. The alleged discovery by the research team led by Professor Lee Berger of the University of Witwatersrand excited the scientific community to no end. The findings, if proven accurate, could overturn much of what we know about human evolution. However, a recent paper has ridiculed the "discovery". What the team claimed to have discovered Dr Berger and his team claimed to have found evidence that the long-extinct species buried its dead and decorated their graves with abstract markings. Given that the species had a brain no larger than a chimpanzee's, this finding at the time suggested intelligence similar to modern humans. Also read | Not homo sapiens but this extinct human species buried their dead first This could be the oldest evidence of burials by the human species. The discovery as reported by the team was made in South Africa's Rising Star Cave System. New research rebuts Berger's findings A new study has pooh-poohed the Homo naledi-mania and suggests that the small-brained human ancestors may have nothing to do with the burials or marking of graves. The research which has been published in the Journal of Human Evolution suggests that instead of it being chalked up to a deliberate disposal of the dead, some natural processes may explain the findings better. Researchers from Spain and Australia suggest that things like a natural death trap or the bones being transported inside the narrow cave via flowing or flood waters may be a better explanation. According to them, an ancient member of the species may also have carried the remains into the cave or they could be there because of carnivore activity. Also read | Trouble in space: Soaring costs of NASA's Mars Sample Return Mission risk other significant projects To back their hypothesis, they cite geological, taphonomic and paleontological evidence. They also say that the caves where the bones of more than 15 Homo naledi individuals representing all age groups were found were too unreachable. This meant that other researchers could not enter the caves and verify Berger's findings. It also pours cold water on the alleged centuries-old engravings and says that Berger's teams have used any scientific methods to date them. They conclude that the Rising Star team has built a "persuasive discourse" which is "misleading" and that "they do not test their hypothesis but selectively report the evidence that supports their preferred scenario." (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists pooh-pooh claims that extinct ancient hominid 'Homo naledi' buried its dead

Is feeling "rich" a thing? Apparently so, and the feeling is getting elusive.&nbsp;

This may come as a surprise, but a recent study has found that 92 per cent of the millionaires actually consider themselves to be 'middle class'.&nbsp;

<h2>What it means to be wealthy</h2>

A recent survey of more than 3,500 wealthy Americans people found that only about eight per cent of people with wealth of $1 million or more said they consider themselves wealthy.&nbsp;

The survey by Ameriprise Financial found that 31 per cent of the millionaires say they are part of the middle class.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/elon-musk-claims-world-record-for-spacex-delivering-over-1000-tonnes-to-orbit-in-2023-658075">Elon Musk claims 'world record' for SpaceX delivering over 1,000 tonnes to orbit in 2023</a>

A further six in ten or about 60 per cent of the millionaires conceded that they had wealth but limited the narrative to calling themselves part of the "upper middle class".&nbsp;

The survey which had a total of 3,518 participants also found that in comparison to the millionaires, two per cent of those with $25,000-$999,000 in assets 'felt' rich.

<h2>Feeling rich</h2>

As per Marcy Keckler, Senior Vice President of Financial Advice Strategy at Ameriprise, "There is no standard definition of what it means to be wealthy, but in general, investors associate it with having the means to live life on their terms."

People "feel squeezed," a private wealth adviser at Ameriprise told CNBC. Kim Maez, a certified financial planner, said that "Many people feel squeezed between higher prices and lower asset prices".

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/trouble-in-space-soaring-costs-of-nasas-mars-sample-return-mission-risks-other-projects-657819">Trouble in space: Soaring costs of NASA's Mars Sample Return Mission risk other significant projects</a>

With persistent inflation, high interest rates and geopolitical and economic turbulence adding to the uncertainty, fewer Americans, even millionaires, said they feel confident about their standing. This is according to the recent Global Wealth Report from the Credit Suisse Research Institute.

Furthermore, as per a Natixis Investment Managers data, a whopping 36 per cent of American millionaires said that they worry retirement may not even be an option.

35 per cent of millionaires in the US — which has the highest number of millionaires — were worried that their ability to be financially secure in retirement is "going to take a miracle".

(With inputs from agencies)

Is feeling "rich" a thing? Apparently so, and the feeling is getting elusive. This may come as a surprise, but a recent study has found that 92 per cent of the millionaires actually consider themselves to be 'middle class'.

Is feeling "rich" a thing? Apparently so, and the feeling is getting elusive. This may come as a surprise, but a recent study has found that 92 per cent of the millionaires actually consider themselves to be 'middle class'. What it means to be wealthy A recent survey of more than 3,500 wealthy Americans people found that only about eight per cent of people with wealth of $1 million or more said they consider themselves wealthy. The survey by Ameriprise Financial found that 31 per cent of the millionaires say they are part of the middle class. Also read | Elon Musk claims 'world record' for SpaceX delivering over 1,000 tonnes to orbit in 2023 A further six in ten or about 60 per cent of the millionaires conceded that they had wealth but limited the narrative to calling themselves part of the "upper middle class". The survey which had a total of 3,518 participants also found that in comparison to the millionaires, two per cent of those with $25,000-$999,000 in assets 'felt' rich. Feeling rich As per Marcy Keckler, Senior Vice President of Financial Advice Strategy at Ameriprise, "There is no standard definition of what it means to be wealthy, but in general, investors associate it with having the means to live life on their terms." People "feel squeezed," a private wealth adviser at Ameriprise told CNBC. Kim Maez, a certified financial planner, said that "Many people feel squeezed between higher prices and lower asset prices". Also read | Trouble in space: Soaring costs of NASA's Mars Sample Return Mission risk other significant projects With persistent inflation, high interest rates and geopolitical and economic turbulence adding to the uncertainty, fewer Americans, even millionaires, said they feel confident about their standing. This is according to the recent Global Wealth Report from the Credit Suisse Research Institute. Furthermore, as per a Natixis Investment Managers data, a whopping 36 per cent of American millionaires said that they worry retirement may not even be an option. 35 per cent of millionaires in the US — which has the highest number of millionaires — were worried that their ability to be financially secure in retirement is "going to take a miracle". (With inputs from agencies)

Feeling of 'rich' getting elusive, survey finds 92% millionaires consider themselves 'middle class'

Artificial Intelligence is all the rage these days. It is in our phones, on our computers, and now you can even wear it on your lapel&nbsp;on your clothes.

Humane, a Silicon Valley startup firm, on Thursday released a device called the AI Pin that can be worn on clothing.

<h2>AI Pin</h2>

The device that is designed to be worn on clothing uses a virtual assistant that is powered by the GPT 4 technology from OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT.

In a market overrun by products boasting an AI-based system, what's unique about this device is that it has no traditional screen. Instead, it relies almost entirely on Artificial Intelligence to interact with the user.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/fluff-up-feathers-perform-a-dance-humans-also-engage-in-mating-calls-reveals-study-656536">Boys in all-male choirs lift up singing several notches when girls are in audience, finds study</a>

"Ai Pin is the embodiment of our vision to integrate AI into the fabric of daily life, enhancing our capabilities without overshadowing our humanity," said Humane co-founder and President Imran Chaudhri in a statement. Chaudhri has previously worked with Apple.&nbsp;

<h2>AI Pin features</h2>

The AI Pin has been priced at $699 (around 58,000 INR) and in the United States, it will be available for order starting November 16.

Designed to reduce dependency on smartphones, the AI pin offers a laser beam scanning projection system that beams content onto a user's palm.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/mexican-congress-deems-three-fingered-mummies-real-but-refrains-from-confirming-alien-origins-656555">Mexican congress deems three-fingered mummies 'real,' but refrains from confirming alien origins</a>

It comes with a 13-megapixel camera that offers a 120-degree field of view and an f/2.4 aperture, and comes with 4&nbsp;GB RAM and 32&nbsp;GB of eMMC storage.

For connectivity, it has 4G (eSIM technology), dual-band Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth 5.1, and GPS.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Artificial Intelligence is all the rage these days. It is in our phones, on our computers, and now you can even wear it on your lapel on your clothes. Humane, a Silicon Valley startup firm, on Thursday released a device called the AI Pin that can be worn on clothing.

Artificial Intelligence is all the rage these days. It is in our phones, on our computers, and now you can even wear it on your lapel on your clothes. Humane, a Silicon Valley startup firm, on Thursday released a device called the AI Pin that can be worn on clothing. AI Pin The device that is designed to be worn on clothing uses a virtual assistant that is powered by the GPT 4 technology from OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT. In a market overrun by products boasting an AI-based system, what's unique about this device is that it has no traditional screen. Instead, it relies almost entirely on Artificial Intelligence to interact with the user. Also read | Boys in all-male choirs lift up singing several notches when girls are in audience, finds study "Ai Pin is the embodiment of our vision to integrate AI into the fabric of daily life, enhancing our capabilities without overshadowing our humanity," said Humane co-founder and President Imran Chaudhri in a statement. Chaudhri has previously worked with Apple. AI Pin features The AI Pin has been priced at $699 (around 58,000 INR) and in the United States, it will be available for order starting November 16. Designed to reduce dependency on smartphones, the AI pin offers a laser beam scanning projection system that beams content onto a user's palm. Also read | Mexican congress deems three-fingered mummies 'real,' but refrains from confirming alien origins It comes with a 13-megapixel camera that offers a 120-degree field of view and an f/2.4 aperture, and comes with 4 GB RAM and 32 GB of eMMC storage. For connectivity, it has 4G (eSIM technology), dual-band Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth 5.1, and GPS. (With inputs from agencies)

Silicon Valley company launches AI pin that can beam content onto your palm

Saturn, the giant planet known for its rings, will soon lose its crowning glory. As per NASA, the gas planet's famous interstellar hoops will soon disappear — thankfully they are not going out of existence, we just won't be able to see them any more.

<h2>Why are Saturn's rings disappearing?</h2>

Saturn's rings will vanish from our planet's view because of its tilting within its axis of orbit. Basically, the planet, as it makes its way around the sun once more, will tilt and the face we are used to — the one with the famous rings, will go out of view.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-nasa-to-send-nuclear-powered-dragonfly-to-saturns-moon-titan-heres-all-you-need-to-know-651572">Explained: NASA to send 'nuclear-powered' Dragonfly to Saturn's moon Titan. Here's all you need to know</a>

Saturn makes the journey around the sun in about 30 Earth years. Throughout this journey, based on the planet's tilt, its rings are more or less visible, according to NASA.

"For nearly half of Saturn's orbit, the sun shines on the south side of the rings. For the other half, it shines on the north side," notes a NASA transcript as quoted by USA Today.

<h2>When will Saturn's rings disappear?</h2>

Stargazers should try to enjoy the view while they can. As per NASA estimates, the rings will disappear in about 18 months, around March 2025.&nbsp;

Currently, Saturn's tilt is angled downwards at nine degrees and in 2024, this will decrease to a barely visible 3.7 degrees. Finally, in March 2025, it will hit zero degrees, which as per Earth.com will be akin to seeing "a sheet of paper edge-on when it’s positioned at the far end of a soccer field."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-curiosity-rover-finds-evidence-mars-was-once-a-planet-of-rivers-651444">Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers'</a>

However, we need not worry, the rings will return soon. By 2032, Saturn's angle of tilt will once again be 27 degrees, which will offer the optimal view of its rings.

<h2>Do Saturn's rings vanish often?</h2>

They go out of view every few years, but experts estimate that they may eventually disappear out of existence. However, this won't happen in our lifetimes, or in our children's. It will actually take a few hundred million years.&nbsp;

Saturn has seven distinct rings, that are made up of ice, rocky debris and dust. As per NASA, it is believed that these are the remains of comets, asteroids and moons that were pulled apart by the planet's powerful gravitational pull. These celestial hoops extend some 70,000 to 140,000 kilometres — the equivalent of the width of 30 Earths. Yet, in most places they are very thin — only 90 metres.

(With inputs from agencies)

Saturn, the giant planet known for its rings, will soon lose its crowning glory. As per NASA, the gas planet's famous interstellar hoops will soon disappear — thankfully they are not going out of existence, we just won't be able to see them any more.

Saturn, the giant planet known for its rings, will soon lose its crowning glory. As per NASA, the gas planet's famous interstellar hoops will soon disappear — thankfully they are not going out of existence, we just won't be able to see them any more. Why are Saturn's rings disappearing? Saturn's rings will vanish from our planet's view because of its tilting within its axis of orbit. Basically, the planet, as it makes its way around the sun once more, will tilt and the face we are used to — the one with the famous rings, will go out of view. Also read | Explained: NASA to send 'nuclear-powered' Dragonfly to Saturn's moon Titan. Here's all you need to know Saturn makes the journey around the sun in about 30 Earth years. Throughout this journey, based on the planet's tilt, its rings are more or less visible, according to NASA. "For nearly half of Saturn's orbit, the sun shines on the south side of the rings. For the other half, it shines on the north side," notes a NASA transcript as quoted by USA Today. When will Saturn's rings disappear? Stargazers should try to enjoy the view while they can. As per NASA estimates, the rings will disappear in about 18 months, around March 2025. Currently, Saturn's tilt is angled downwards at nine degrees and in 2024, this will decrease to a barely visible 3.7 degrees. Finally, in March 2025, it will hit zero degrees, which as per Earth.com will be akin to seeing "a sheet of paper edge-on when it’s positioned at the far end of a soccer field." Also read | Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers' However, we need not worry, the rings will return soon. By 2032, Saturn's angle of tilt will once again be 27 degrees, which will offer the optimal view of its rings. Do Saturn's rings vanish often? They go out of view every few years, but experts estimate that they may eventually disappear out of existence. However, this won't happen in our lifetimes, or in our children's. It will actually take a few hundred million years. Saturn has seven distinct rings, that are made up of ice, rocky debris and dust. As per NASA, it is believed that these are the remains of comets, asteroids and moons that were pulled apart by the planet's powerful gravitational pull. These celestial hoops extend some 70,000 to 140,000 kilometres — the equivalent of the width of 30 Earths. Yet, in most places they are very thin — only 90 metres. (With inputs from agencies)

Stargazers beware! Saturn's rings will vanish soon. Here's when

The Animal Kingdom is full of myriad mating practices, where the males of the species attempt to woo the females. We humans are hairless primates after all, and recent study has shown that our species too, in a matter of speaking, fluff out our feathers and perform a dance for the females.

As per a research article published in The Royal Society, boys in all-male choirs tend to boost their vocals when girls are in the audience.

<h2>Mating call&nbsp;</h2>

Researchers based their observation on a renowned boys' choir group. They noticed that the basses — the oldest boys with the deepest boys — "boosted their acoustic prominence by increasing energy in a high-frequency band of the vocal spectrum when girls were in an otherwise male audience".

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/stargazers-beware-saturns-rings-will-vanish-soon-heres-when-656374">Stargazers beware! Saturn's rings will vanish soon. Here's when</a>

The effect, as per the report, was particularly seen in the oldest boys, aged between 16 and 19.&nbsp;

Researchers pose that this behaviour may be similar to that observed in "non-human animals" like flashing fireflies, chorusing crickets and frogs. In such species, the "simultaneous cooperation and competition is manifest in rhythmically coordinated communal displays produced by groups of males to attract female mates," write the researchers.

They further say that such displays "can be a side effect of sexually motivated competition, whereby individual males produce earlier or more intense signals that mask rival signals."

<h2>But do the girls like it?</h2>

Apparently they do. For the purpose of this research, male and female listeners were given recordings of an all-male choir. These recordings were from shows where the audience was all male, and another where female members were in the audience.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/hundreds-of-girls-fall-victim-to-ai-generated-deep-fake-porn-images-656492">'Hundreds' of girls fell victim to AI-generated deepfake porn images,&nbsp;says&nbsp;a victim's&nbsp;mother</a>

Listeners either reported which audio they believed had this mating call behaviour, or which one they preferred. It was found that while male listeners could "eavesdrop" on the behaviour, female listeners were both sensitive to it and also displayed a preference for it.

"It's really subtle and probably something that's subconscious," said Peter Keller, one of the authors behind this research while talking to The Guardian.

"The boys' singing sounds more brilliant and has a more attractive, ringing quality when girls are in the audience, but it is subtle," said Keller, a professor of neuroscience at Aarhus University in Denmark.

(With inputs from agencies)

The Animal Kingdom is full of myriad mating practices, where the males of the species attempt to woo the females. We humans are hairless primates after all, and recent study has shown that our species too, in a matter of speaking, fluff out our feathers and perform a dance for the females.

The Animal Kingdom is full of myriad mating practices, where the males of the species attempt to woo the females. We humans are hairless primates after all, and recent study has shown that our species too, in a matter of speaking, fluff out our feathers and perform a dance for the females. As per a research article published in The Royal Society, boys in all-male choirs tend to boost their vocals when girls are in the audience. Mating call Researchers based their observation on a renowned boys' choir group. They noticed that the basses — the oldest boys with the deepest boys — "boosted their acoustic prominence by increasing energy in a high-frequency band of the vocal spectrum when girls were in an otherwise male audience". Also read | Stargazers beware! Saturn's rings will vanish soon. Here's when The effect, as per the report, was particularly seen in the oldest boys, aged between 16 and 19. Researchers pose that this behaviour may be similar to that observed in "non-human animals" like flashing fireflies, chorusing crickets and frogs. In such species, the "simultaneous cooperation and competition is manifest in rhythmically coordinated communal displays produced by groups of males to attract female mates," write the researchers. They further say that such displays "can be a side effect of sexually motivated competition, whereby individual males produce earlier or more intense signals that mask rival signals." But do the girls like it? Apparently they do. For the purpose of this research, male and female listeners were given recordings of an all-male choir. These recordings were from shows where the audience was all male, and another where female members were in the audience. Also read | 'Hundreds' of girls fell victim to AI-generated deepfake porn images, says a victim's mother Listeners either reported which audio they believed had this mating call behaviour, or which one they preferred. It was found that while male listeners could "eavesdrop" on the behaviour, female listeners were both sensitive to it and also displayed a preference for it. "It's really subtle and probably something that's subconscious," said Peter Keller, one of the authors behind this research while talking to The Guardian. "The boys' singing sounds more brilliant and has a more attractive, ringing quality when girls are in the audience, but it is subtle," said Keller, a professor of neuroscience at Aarhus University in Denmark. (With inputs from agencies)

Boys in all-male choirs lift up singing several notches when girls are in audience, finds study

More than a month after the world was shocked by AI-generated images of schoolgirls from Spain making the rounds on the internet, the mother of one victim has spoken out.

Miriam Al Adib, whose daughter was one of the many underage victims of the fake nude images scandal, says hundreds of parents have told her their children were also victims.&nbsp;

<h2>AI a 'weapon of destruction'</h2>

Talking to Wales Live, Al Adib, said that the combination of access to social media, pornography, and artificial intelligence was a "weapon of destruction".

In September, Al Adib's hometown, the small Spanish village Almendralejo made news after more than 20 underage girls — aged 11 to 17, fell victim to a transgression involving indecent images. These images were shared online without their knowledge.

hese images were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool application using which users can 'take clothes off' of anyone they have a picture of, that too, for prices as low as&nbsp;€10.

You can read all about the deepfakes incident here.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/spain-minor-girls-fall-victim-to-deepfake-porn-ai-generated-nudes-shock-the-nation-638019">Spain: Minor girls fall victim to deepfake porn, AI-generated nudes shock the nation</a>

Al Adib, whose 14-year-old daughter was one of the victims at the time, had described how her distraught daughter told her about it.

"When I came home, one of my daughters, who was really upset, told me: 'look what they did'. It turns out they took a photo of her, and they made it seem as if she was naked with the aid of artificial intelligence."

<h2>Hundreds reach out</h2>

The mother had posted the whole incident on Instagram, where she has thousands of followers. Now, more than a month later, she has revealed that due to a support group, she and a few other parents had created, she got to know that such deepfake porn incidents are not that rare.&nbsp;

"Hundreds of people have written to me saying 'how lucky you have been (for the support she received) because this same thing has happened to us, it happened to my daughter, or it happened to me, and I haven't had any support'," she said talking to Wales Live.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/stargazers-beware-saturns-rings-will-vanish-soon-heres-when-656374">Stargazers beware! Saturn's rings will vanish soon. Here's when</a>

"If any girl is affected, please tell your parents."

She stated that the support group helped many other victims in Almendralejo come forward.&nbsp;

"This helped many girls to come forward to also say what had happened to them. It is important to know, because many girls are not able do not dare to talk about this with their parents."

<h2>AI a friend or foe?</h2>

AI has been making headlines for more than a year. While there are countless positives, there are some major negatives: Deepfakes top the list.

Recently, in India, popular actress Rashmika Mandanna became a victim of such AI-generated deepfakes. A morphed video in which Rashmika's face was imposed on another woman's video went viral. The original video shows the woman wearing an outfit with a plunging neckline and posing for a photo.

(With inputs from agencies)

More than a month after the world was shocked by AI-generated images of schoolgirls from Spain making the rounds on the internet, the mother of one victim has spoken out.

More than a month after the world was shocked by AI-generated images of schoolgirls from Spain making the rounds on the internet, the mother of one victim has spoken out. Miriam Al Adib, whose daughter was one of the many underage victims of the fake nude images scandal, says hundreds of parents have told her their children were also victims. AI a 'weapon of destruction' Talking to Wales Live, Al Adib, said that the combination of access to social media, pornography, and artificial intelligence was a "weapon of destruction". In September, Al Adib's hometown, the small Spanish village Almendralejo made news after more than 20 underage girls — aged 11 to 17, fell victim to a transgression involving indecent images. These images were shared online without their knowledge. hese images were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool application using which users can 'take clothes off' of anyone they have a picture of, that too, for prices as low as €10. You can read all about the deepfakes incident here. Also read | Spain: Minor girls fall victim to deepfake porn, AI-generated nudes shock the nation Al Adib, whose 14-year-old daughter was one of the victims at the time, had described how her distraught daughter told her about it. "When I came home, one of my daughters, who was really upset, told me: 'look what they did'. It turns out they took a photo of her, and they made it seem as if she was naked with the aid of artificial intelligence." Hundreds reach out The mother had posted the whole incident on Instagram, where she has thousands of followers. Now, more than a month later, she has revealed that due to a support group, she and a few other parents had created, she got to know that such deepfake porn incidents are not that rare. "Hundreds of people have written to me saying 'how lucky you have been (for the support she received) because this same thing has happened to us, it happened to my daughter, or it happened to me, and I haven't had any support'," she said talking to Wales Live. Also read | Stargazers beware! Saturn's rings will vanish soon. Here's when "If any girl is affected, please tell your parents." She stated that the support group helped many other victims in Almendralejo come forward. "This helped many girls to come forward to also say what had happened to them. It is important to know, because many girls are not able do not dare to talk about this with their parents." AI a friend or foe? AI has been making headlines for more than a year. While there are countless positives, there are some major negatives: Deepfakes top the list. Recently, in India, popular actress Rashmika Mandanna became a victim of such AI-generated deepfakes. A morphed video in which Rashmika's face was imposed on another woman's video went viral. The original video shows the woman wearing an outfit with a plunging neckline and posing for a photo. (With inputs from agencies)

'Hundreds' of girls fell victim to AI-generated deepfake porn images, says minor victim's mother

In Spain, authorities are currently looking into a distressing case that has sent shockwaves across the nation. Several underage girls have become the victims of a fake nude images scandal.

These images which were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool have caused distress to the victims, who in some cases found themselves facing bullying and/or distressing comments from their classmates.

<h2>Deepfake porn</h2>

In the town of Almendralejo which is situated in the southwestern reaches of Spain, local law enforcement is dealing with 11 complaints from victims, all of whom are minors.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-push-to-save-flower-that-smells-like-dead-bodies-heres-all-you-need-to-know-637981">Why are scientists pushing to save a flower that smells like dead bodies? Here's all you need to know</a>

Speaking to AFP, a spokesperson from the local police said that those responsible for these abhorrent deeds employed a sinister method. They "manipulated photos of underage girls", superimposing their innocent faces onto the "bodies of other people" in other images.&nbsp;

<h2>Small price, huge ramifications</h2>

As per EuroNews, these images were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool application using which users can 'take clothes off' of anyone they have a picture of, that too, for prices as low as&nbsp;€10.

The app boasts the capability of crafting eerily realistic photo montages, has the slogan "Undress anybody, undress girls for free," reports EuroNews.&nbsp;

As per reports from Spanish media outlets, an estimated 20 girls may have tragically become the victims of these deep fake porn images.

One concerned parent, Miriam Al Adib, a mother of a 14-year-old victim, underscored the gravity of the situation. Talking to the press, she said: "This is very serious."&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/breakthrough-google-develops-ai-tool-capable-of-predicting-harmful-genetic-mutations-637699">Breakthrough? Google develops AI tool capable of predicting harmful genetic mutations</a>

Taking to Instagram, she recounted how her distraught daughter had showed her one such photo.

"When I came home, one of my daughters, who was really upset, told me: 'look what they did'. It turns out they took a photo of her, and they made it seem as if she was naked with the aid of artificial intelligence."

"Girls, don't be afraid to report such acts. Tell your mothers. Affected mothers, tell me, so that you can be in the group that we created," she added.

Another mother revealed that using these fake nude images, someone had attempted to extort her daughter. Allegedly, the creators of these images demanded monetary payment in exchange for their silence.

Furthermore, it has come to light that these manipulated images may have been disseminated on various platforms, including OnlyFans, an online subscription service notorious for adult content, and explicit websites.

(With inputs from agencies)

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In Spain, authorities are currently looking into a distressing case that has sent shockwaves across the nation. Several underage girls have become the victims of a fake nude images scandal.

In Spain, authorities are currently looking into a distressing case that has sent shockwaves across the nation. Several underage girls have become the victims of a fake nude images scandal. These images which were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool have caused distress to the victims, who in some cases found themselves facing bullying and/or distressing comments from their classmates. Deepfake porn In the town of Almendralejo which is situated in the southwestern reaches of Spain, local law enforcement is dealing with 11 complaints from victims, all of whom are minors. Also read | Why are scientists pushing to save a flower that smells like dead bodies? Here's all you need to know Speaking to AFP, a spokesperson from the local police said that those responsible for these abhorrent deeds employed a sinister method. They "manipulated photos of underage girls", superimposing their innocent faces onto the "bodies of other people" in other images. Small price, huge ramifications As per EuroNews, these images were created using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool application using which users can 'take clothes off' of anyone they have a picture of, that too, for prices as low as €10. The app boasts the capability of crafting eerily realistic photo montages, has the slogan "Undress anybody, undress girls for free," reports EuroNews. As per reports from Spanish media outlets, an estimated 20 girls may have tragically become the victims of these deep fake porn images. One concerned parent, Miriam Al Adib, a mother of a 14-year-old victim, underscored the gravity of the situation. Talking to the press, she said: "This is very serious." Also read | Breakthrough? Google develops AI tool capable of predicting harmful genetic mutations Taking to Instagram, she recounted how her distraught daughter had showed her one such photo. "When I came home, one of my daughters, who was really upset, told me: 'look what they did'. It turns out they took a photo of her, and they made it seem as if she was naked with the aid of artificial intelligence." "Girls, don't be afraid to report such acts. Tell your mothers. Affected mothers, tell me, so that you can be in the group that we created," she added. Another mother revealed that using these fake nude images, someone had attempted to extort her daughter. Allegedly, the creators of these images demanded monetary payment in exchange for their silence. Furthermore, it has come to light that these manipulated images may have been disseminated on various platforms, including OnlyFans, an online subscription service notorious for adult content, and explicit websites. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Spain: Minor girls fall victim to deepfake porn, AI-generated nudes shock the nation

An American Research agency has uncovered a monumental shift in China's lending strategy from 2000 to 2021. Chinese financial institutions have reportedly paid a staggering $1.34 trillion into developing nations more eye-catching has been its radical shift from traditional infrastructure Investments to what's been called rescue lending.

China's changing role from investor to a rescue lender

You've heard of the glass ceiling, but do you know about the "glass cliff"? A new study has found that women may have been set up to fail, even in top-most roles like CEOs or heads of companies.

An analysis of companies listed in 12 stock exchanges globally found that since 2018, women have had an average of 5.2 years as chief executives, while men lasted an average of 8.1 years.

<h2>The findings</h2>

The analysis was conducted by Russell Reynolds, an executive search and leadership firm. It found that between men and women, there is a huge tenure gap.

Laura Sanderson, the UK head of Russell Reynolds, said that the tenure gap could partly be explained because some men have been in the chief executive chair for decades. One, she said, has been in the post for 39 years.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/obama-stirring-a-rebellion-against-biden-ex-prezs-senior-adviser-says-he-should-drop-out-of-election-race-655762">Obama stirring a rebellion against Biden? Ex-Prez's senior adviser says he should drop out of election race</a>

"While the sample size is too small to be significant, we also need to consider whether the data may support the glass cliff theory,"&nbsp;she said, as quoted by The Guardian.

<h2>What is the glass cliff theory?</h2>

The glass cliff theory poses that women are more likely to be appointed as leaders when an organisation or company is in a time of crisis. This is often so that the female executives' position is seen as more precarious than their male counterparts.

Previously, in 2005, research by Researchers at the University of Exeter found that women are more likely to be appointed as board members after a company's share price had performed badly.&nbsp;

Michelle Ryan, director of the Global Institute for Women's Leadership at the Australian National University in Canberra, who is one of the two researchers behind the 2005 research, said that Reynold's analysis was "robust and added to the work in this area".

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/beam-me-up-scotty-scientists-to-use-sci-fi-beam-to-get-rid-of-real-space-junk-655715">'Beam me up, Scotty': Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk</a>

"If women are more likely to take on leadership roles in times of crisis, then it follows that their time in office is likely to be stressful, more heavily scrutinised and shorter in tenure," she remarked.

She added that "this reduced tenure could be for a number of reasons – because there is often higher turnover in times of crisis, because they are judged as not performing well, even though poor performance was in train before their appointment, or because when things start to turn around, men come back into leadership roles."

(With inputs from agencies)

You've heard of the glass ceiling, but do you know about the "glass cliff"? A new study has found that women may have been set up to fail, even in top-most roles like CEOs or heads of companies.

You've heard of the glass ceiling, but do you know about the "glass cliff"? A new study has found that women may have been set up to fail, even in top-most roles like CEOs or heads of companies. An analysis of companies listed in 12 stock exchanges globally found that since 2018, women have had an average of 5.2 years as chief executives, while men lasted an average of 8.1 years. The findings The analysis was conducted by Russell Reynolds, an executive search and leadership firm. It found that between men and women, there is a huge tenure gap. Laura Sanderson, the UK head of Russell Reynolds, said that the tenure gap could partly be explained because some men have been in the chief executive chair for decades. One, she said, has been in the post for 39 years. Also read | Obama stirring a rebellion against Biden? Ex-Prez's senior adviser says he should drop out of election race "While the sample size is too small to be significant, we also need to consider whether the data may support the glass cliff theory," she said, as quoted by The Guardian. What is the glass cliff theory? The glass cliff theory poses that women are more likely to be appointed as leaders when an organisation or company is in a time of crisis. This is often so that the female executives' position is seen as more precarious than their male counterparts. Previously, in 2005, research by Researchers at the University of Exeter found that women are more likely to be appointed as board members after a company's share price had performed badly. Michelle Ryan, director of the Global Institute for Women's Leadership at the Australian National University in Canberra, who is one of the two researchers behind the 2005 research, said that Reynold's analysis was "robust and added to the work in this area". Also read | 'Beam me up, Scotty': Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk "If women are more likely to take on leadership roles in times of crisis, then it follows that their time in office is likely to be stressful, more heavily scrutinised and shorter in tenure," she remarked. She added that "this reduced tenure could be for a number of reasons – because there is often higher turnover in times of crisis, because they are judged as not performing well, even though poor performance was in train before their appointment, or because when things start to turn around, men come back into leadership roles." (With inputs from agencies)

Forget 'glass ceiling,' new study finds women likely to be set up to fall off of 'glass cliff'

The US government has been accused of providing over $30 million in federal grants for research led by a scientist who is now an integral part of&nbsp;China's pursuit of a superior Artificial Intelligence technology, Newsweek said in an exclusive report. Dr Song-Chun Zhu is&nbsp;a statistics and computing professor.&nbsp;

The development is deemed peculiar because, despite Dr Zhu's move to China's Artificial Intelligence (AI) forefront, the Pentagon continued funding the research led by him. Besides, Dr Zhu allegedly also established a parallel institute in China's Hubei province close to Wuhan.&nbsp;

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

The development reflects how the growing scientific collaboration between the United States and a number of countries around the world, including China&nbsp;— which the US deems as its rival&nbsp;— may have potential national security consequences for Washington.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/us-china-chip-wars-biden-administration-imposes-new-curbs-on-chip-exports-to-china-651149">US-China chip war: Biden administration imposes new curbs on exports to China</a>

But the scrutiny of such research and collaboration has intensified amid the Biden administration's attempt to take the lead over China during the ongoing uproar in Washington's power corridors to lead the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-plus-whos-winning-the-chip-war-545297">chip wars</a>.

The National Science Foundation, one of the federal agencies that granted funds to Zhu, began utilising new analytics tools in 2022 to assess potential conflicts of interest.

<h2>Most federal grants came during Trump administration</h2>

Most of the federal grants received by Zhu were awarded in the decade prior to 2020, the year he returned to China from UCLA, where he was serving since 2002.

During the Biden administration's time, two grants were awarded in 2021, one for $699,938 to develop "high-level robot autonomy", and another valued at $520,811 to construct "cognitive robot platforms" for intelligence and surveillance systems using ground and aerial sensors.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-china-chip-war-intensify-amid-calls-for-small-yard-high-fence-approach-to-contain-china-618392">US-China chip war intensifies amid calls for 'small yard, high fence' approach to contain Beijing</a>

Zhu was designated as the principal investigator for both grants by the Office of Naval Research, the Newsweek report added.

In 2020, the US banned Chinese graduate students with military ties from researching in the US.

Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas Plus: Who's winning the Chip War?

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The Biden administration, in recent months, has taken steps to counter China's acquisition of US technology, especially the semiconductors necessary for the advancements of Artificial Intelligence systems.

The US government has been accused of providing over $30 million in federal grants for research led by a scientist who is now an integral part of China's pursuit of a superior Artificial Intelligence technology, Newsweek said in an exclusive report.

The US government has been accused of providing over $30 million in federal grants for research led by a scientist who is now an integral part of China's pursuit of a superior Artificial Intelligence technology, Newsweek said in an exclusive report. Dr Song-Chun Zhu is a statistics and computing professor. The development is deemed peculiar because, despite Dr Zhu's move to China's Artificial Intelligence (AI) forefront, the Pentagon continued funding the research led by him. Besides, Dr Zhu allegedly also established a parallel institute in China's Hubei province close to Wuhan. What does it mean? The development reflects how the growing scientific collaboration between the United States and a number of countries around the world, including China — which the US deems as its rival — may have potential national security consequences for Washington. Also read | US-China chip war: Biden administration imposes new curbs on exports to China But the scrutiny of such research and collaboration has intensified amid the Biden administration's attempt to take the lead over China during the ongoing uproar in Washington's power corridors to lead the chip wars. The National Science Foundation, one of the federal agencies that granted funds to Zhu, began utilising new analytics tools in 2022 to assess potential conflicts of interest. Most federal grants came during Trump administration Most of the federal grants received by Zhu were awarded in the decade prior to 2020, the year he returned to China from UCLA, where he was serving since 2002. During the Biden administration's time, two grants were awarded in 2021, one for $699,938 to develop "high-level robot autonomy", and another valued at $520,811 to construct "cognitive robot platforms" for intelligence and surveillance systems using ground and aerial sensors. Also read | US-China chip war intensifies amid calls for 'small yard, high fence' approach to contain Beijing Zhu was designated as the principal investigator for both grants by the Office of Naval Research, the Newsweek report added. In 2020, the US banned Chinese graduate students with military ties from researching in the US. Also watch | Gravitas Plus: Who's winning the Chip War? × The Biden administration, in recent months, has taken steps to counter China's acquisition of US technology, especially the semiconductors necessary for the advancements of Artificial Intelligence systems.

China's face of AI 'race' got millions from the US to fund his research programmes

New research suggests that rats may have the power of imagination. Scientists say rats can navigate through a space they have previously explored using their thoughts alone.

New research reveals that rats have the ability to imagine

Scientists looking into the intricate world of sex differences have uncovered significant insights into how these evolve.

They found that in animals, sex differences differ very dramatically across species, organs and even developmental stages.&nbsp;

Additionally, they saw that the evolution of these differences at the gene level is more rapid, while at the level of cell types, it is gradual.

The study findings were published in the Journal Science on November 2.

<h2>Understanding sexual dimorphism</h2>

The study focused on examining sex-based disparities in multiple species, including humans, mice, rats, rabbits, opossums, and chickens. Their focus was on the development of five key organs: the brain, cerebellum, heart, kidney, and liver.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-gene-adapted-from-archaic-hominins-may-increase-mental-health-risk-in-modern-humans-says-study-654304">We can now blame our ancestors for our mental health issues, as per new study</a>

Notably, they highlighted contrasting patterns of sexual dimorphism in different species, with certain organs displaying more pronounced differences between the sexes than others.

<h2>Key findings</h2>

The researchers observed that while organs developed, few sex differences were apparent. However, around the time of sexual maturity, they observed that disparities intensified significantly.&nbsp;

"We found that the levels of sex-biased expression varied substantially across organs and species. Across mammals, sex-biased expression was rare during organ development. In organs with high levels of sex-biased expression, the differences between the sexes only appeared around the time of sexual maturity."

Moreover, the study revealed that only a few genes that are different between males and females are the same in all animals, and these&nbsp;are mostly on the sex chromosomes (X and Y).&nbsp;

Even though different animals have different genes that are different between males and females, the researchers noticed that the same kinds of cells show differences in all the animals.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gods-of-chaos-jupiter-protects-us-but-similar-gas-giants-do-this-to-earth-like-planets-654247">'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants whack other Earth-like planets</a>

For example, even though mice and rats have different genes in their livers, the genes that are different are in the same kind of cell in the liver. This is important because it helps us understand how differences between males and females can affect things like how the body processes medicine.

"Sex-biased expression evolved quickly across species between orthologous genes. However, the cell types responsible for most sex-biased expression were the same across species."

Commenting on the findings, Leticia Rodríguez-Montes, a PhD student at Heidelberg University, noted the intriguing discovery that a small set of genes on the sex chromosomes are different between males and females in all the animals they looked at.&nbsp;This could potentially serve in the understanding of fundamental genetic triggers for sex-specific traits.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists looking into the intricate world of sex differences have uncovered significant insights into how these evolve. They found that in animals, sex differences differ very dramatically across species, organs and even developmental stages.

Scientists looking into the intricate world of sex differences have uncovered significant insights into how these evolve. They found that in animals, sex differences differ very dramatically across species, organs and even developmental stages. Additionally, they saw that the evolution of these differences at the gene level is more rapid, while at the level of cell types, it is gradual. The study findings were published in the Journal Science on November 2. Understanding sexual dimorphism The study focused on examining sex-based disparities in multiple species, including humans, mice, rats, rabbits, opossums, and chickens. Their focus was on the development of five key organs: the brain, cerebellum, heart, kidney, and liver. Also read | We can now blame our ancestors for our mental health issues, as per new study Notably, they highlighted contrasting patterns of sexual dimorphism in different species, with certain organs displaying more pronounced differences between the sexes than others. Key findings The researchers observed that while organs developed, few sex differences were apparent. However, around the time of sexual maturity, they observed that disparities intensified significantly. "We found that the levels of sex-biased expression varied substantially across organs and species. Across mammals, sex-biased expression was rare during organ development. In organs with high levels of sex-biased expression, the differences between the sexes only appeared around the time of sexual maturity." Moreover, the study revealed that only a few genes that are different between males and females are the same in all animals, and these are mostly on the sex chromosomes (X and Y). Even though different animals have different genes that are different between males and females, the researchers noticed that the same kinds of cells show differences in all the animals. Also read | 'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants whack other Earth-like planets For example, even though mice and rats have different genes in their livers, the genes that are different are in the same kind of cell in the liver. This is important because it helps us understand how differences between males and females can affect things like how the body processes medicine. "Sex-biased expression evolved quickly across species between orthologous genes. However, the cell types responsible for most sex-biased expression were the same across species." Commenting on the findings, Leticia Rodríguez-Montes, a PhD student at Heidelberg University, noted the intriguing discovery that a small set of genes on the sex chromosomes are different between males and females in all the animals they looked at. This could potentially serve in the understanding of fundamental genetic triggers for sex-specific traits. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists study how differences between sexes develop in animals

Baltic Sea, the largest expanse of brackish water in the world, as per German media reports, is on the verge of collapse.

The sea's ecosystem, as per reports, is reeling under the detrimental impact of environmental pollution and overfishing.&nbsp;

<h2>Dire situation</h2>

A recent report by the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (HELCOM) about the state of the Baltic Sea paints a dire situation, reports German media.

The HELCOM study indicates that, despite conservation efforts by ecologists and experts alike&nbsp;over the last few years, there has been no improvement in the state of the Baltic Sea. In fact, the condition in certain areas has deteriorated, according to the report.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gods-of-chaos-jupiter-protects-us-but-similar-gas-giants-do-this-to-earth-like-planets-654247">'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants whack other Earth-like planets</a>

"The health of the Baltic Sea ecosystem is under threat from the increasing effects of climate change and biodiversity degradation, catalysed by pollution, demands on land use, resource extraction and other pressures," says the report.

<h2>What are the primary challenges to the Baltic Sea?</h2>

As per the report, the Baltic Sea is primarily affected by human-induced activities like eutrophication — the over-enrichment of water, harmful substances and pollutants, oxygen depletion, and habitat destruction.

These human activities, as per the report, are "enhanced" by climate change.

"Climate change effects are already evident in the Baltic Sea, and global warming is expected to lead to further hydrological and ecological changes in the near future."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-is-what-earth-will-look-like-if-it-surpasses-the-climate-threshold-and-it-will-happen-soon-654355">New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold</a>

Quoting the report, German news outlet Bild reports, "Specific species, such as water birds, are facing drastic hardship, particularly along the German coast of the Baltic Sea. The condition is especially serious in the Bay of Kiel, Mecklenburg Bay, and Arkona Basin, where Rugia Island is located. The local porpoise population is also in jeopardy."

This degradation not only affects marine and animal&nbsp;life but also impacts humans. "The degradation of the marine ecosystem also reduces its (Baltic Sea) ability to produce goods and services for the benefit of society, with effects on our well-being," says the report. &nbsp;&nbsp;

<h2>The way forward</h2>

The report states that continued efforts to improve the environmental status of the Baltic Sea's biodiversity are of key importance.&nbsp;

It speculates that successfully limiting the amount of pressure human activities put on the environment should "show signs of improvement and support a sustainable marine region."

"Ultimately, the recovery of the Baltic Sea biodiversity is entirely dependent on how well we can manage our activities to ensure that they are truly sustainable, both in the near future and in the long term," it concludes.

Baltic Sea, the largest expanse of brackish water in the world, as per German media reports, is on the verge of collapse. The sea's ecosystem, as per reports, is reeling under the detrimental impact of environmental pollution and overfishing.

Baltic Sea, the largest expanse of brackish water in the world, as per German media reports, is on the verge of collapse. The sea's ecosystem, as per reports, is reeling under the detrimental impact of environmental pollution and overfishing. Dire situation A recent report by the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (HELCOM) about the state of the Baltic Sea paints a dire situation, reports German media. The HELCOM study indicates that, despite conservation efforts by ecologists and experts alike over the last few years, there has been no improvement in the state of the Baltic Sea. In fact, the condition in certain areas has deteriorated, according to the report. Also read | 'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants whack other Earth-like planets "The health of the Baltic Sea ecosystem is under threat from the increasing effects of climate change and biodiversity degradation, catalysed by pollution, demands on land use, resource extraction and other pressures," says the report. What are the primary challenges to the Baltic Sea? As per the report, the Baltic Sea is primarily affected by human-induced activities like eutrophication — the over-enrichment of water, harmful substances and pollutants, oxygen depletion, and habitat destruction. These human activities, as per the report, are "enhanced" by climate change. "Climate change effects are already evident in the Baltic Sea, and global warming is expected to lead to further hydrological and ecological changes in the near future." Also read | New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold Quoting the report, German news outlet Bild reports, "Specific species, such as water birds, are facing drastic hardship, particularly along the German coast of the Baltic Sea. The condition is especially serious in the Bay of Kiel, Mecklenburg Bay, and Arkona Basin, where Rugia Island is located. The local porpoise population is also in jeopardy." This degradation not only affects marine and animal life but also impacts humans. "The degradation of the marine ecosystem also reduces its (Baltic Sea) ability to produce goods and services for the benefit of society, with effects on our well-being," says the report. The way forward The report states that continued efforts to improve the environmental status of the Baltic Sea's biodiversity are of key importance. It speculates that successfully limiting the amount of pressure human activities put on the environment should "show signs of improvement and support a sustainable marine region." "Ultimately, the recovery of the Baltic Sea biodiversity is entirely dependent on how well we can manage our activities to ensure that they are truly sustainable, both in the near future and in the long term," it concludes.

Baltic Sea in 'dire' state due to human activities and global warming: Report

Male sperm count has fallen by more than <a href="https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article/29/2/157/6824414?login=false">50% globally</a> in the past 50 years. Scientists have attributed this fall to many factors such as pollution and toxins in the food and water we consume.

But now, scientists say there is one more reason that needs to be factored in, and that is the increased use of mobile phones.&nbsp;

New research suggests a potential connection between mobile phone usage and reduced sperm concentration and total sperm count.

This study, conducted by researchers from the University of Geneva, examined data from 2,886 Swiss men aged 18 to 22, collected between 2005 and 2018 at military conscription centres.

While the study found no link between mobile phone use and low sperm motility and morphology, it did reveal a noteworthy association with sperm concentration and count.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/chinese-quack-tricks-cancer-patient-into-bizarre-cement-treatment-investigation-launched-654378">Also read |&nbsp;Chinese quack tricks cancer patient into bizarre 'cement treatment', investigation launched</a>

<h2>What did the study discover?</h2>

The researchers discovered that men who used their phones more than 20 times a day had a lower sperm concentration (44.5 million per milliliter) compared to those who used their phones less frequently (56.5 million per milliliter).

This difference translates to a 21 per cent&nbsp;decrease in sperm concentration for frequent users compared to rare users, who used their phones less than once or once a day.

Semen quality is a critical factor in male fertility, and the World Health Organization (WHO) sets guidelines indicating that a man may require more than a year to conceive if his sperm concentration is below 15 million per milliliter.

Additionally, the likelihood of pregnancy decreases when the sperm concentration falls below 40 million per milliliter.

The study also considered the location of the phone, such as trouser pockets, but found no significant link to lower sperm concentration and count levels.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/baby-without-sperm-and-egg-scientists-create-synthetic-human-embryos-in-major-leap-604576">Also read |&nbsp;Baby without sperm and egg? Scientists create 'synthetic' human embryos in major leap</a>

However, the number of participants who didn't carry their phones close to their bodies was too small to draw firm conclusions on this point.

Despite these findings, experts say&nbsp;there is no need for alarm.

Professor Alison Campbell, Chief Scientific Officer of the Care Fertility Group, who spoke to CNN&nbsp;suggested that men looking to improve their sperm health should focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including exercise, a balanced diet, weight management, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption.

(With inputs from agencies)

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

Male sperm count has fallen by more than 50% globally in the past 50 years. Scientists have attributed this fall to many factors such as pollution and toxins in the food and water we consume.

Male sperm count has fallen by more than 50% globally in the past 50 years. Scientists have attributed this fall to many factors such as pollution and toxins in the food and water we consume. But now, scientists say there is one more reason that needs to be factored in, and that is the increased use of mobile phones. New research suggests a potential connection between mobile phone usage and reduced sperm concentration and total sperm count. This study, conducted by researchers from the University of Geneva, examined data from 2,886 Swiss men aged 18 to 22, collected between 2005 and 2018 at military conscription centres. While the study found no link between mobile phone use and low sperm motility and morphology, it did reveal a noteworthy association with sperm concentration and count. Also read | Chinese quack tricks cancer patient into bizarre 'cement treatment', investigation launched What did the study discover? The researchers discovered that men who used their phones more than 20 times a day had a lower sperm concentration (44.5 million per milliliter) compared to those who used their phones less frequently (56.5 million per milliliter). This difference translates to a 21 per cent decrease in sperm concentration for frequent users compared to rare users, who used their phones less than once or once a day. Semen quality is a critical factor in male fertility, and the World Health Organization (WHO) sets guidelines indicating that a man may require more than a year to conceive if his sperm concentration is below 15 million per milliliter. Additionally, the likelihood of pregnancy decreases when the sperm concentration falls below 40 million per milliliter. The study also considered the location of the phone, such as trouser pockets, but found no significant link to lower sperm concentration and count levels. Also read | Baby without sperm and egg? Scientists create 'synthetic' human embryos in major leap However, the number of participants who didn't carry their phones close to their bodies was too small to draw firm conclusions on this point. Despite these findings, experts say there is no need for alarm. Professor Alison Campbell, Chief Scientific Officer of the Care Fertility Group, who spoke to CNN suggested that men looking to improve their sperm health should focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including exercise, a balanced diet, weight management, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption. (With inputs from agencies)

High mobile phone use may be bringing down your sperm count: Study

Artificial Intelligence has been in the spotlight throughout 2023. AI made headlines and was the focus of more and more conversations. Thanks to this rising visibility, the term 'Artificial Intelligence' has been named the "word of the year" by Collins Dictionary.

<h2>Conversations and more</h2>

As per Collins Dictionary, the use of AI, a term that describes "the modelling of human mental functions by computer programs", has quadrupled this year.

Alex Beecroft, the director of Collins Dictionary, as quoted by BBC, said that AI had been "the talking point of 2023".

"We know that AI has been a big focus this year in the way that it has developed and has quickly become as ubiquitous and embedded in our lives as email, streaming or any other once futuristic, now everyday technology," he added.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/world-health-organization-issues-warning-says-ai-in-healthcare-poses-risks-593037">World Health Organization issues warning, says AI in healthcare poses risks, could be misused</a>

<h2>How AI made the conversations</h2>

Artificial Intelligence was all over the board; from suggesting recipes with leftover pantry ingredients to acting as a therapist...&nbsp;AI did it all.

Not only that, it also was a source of fear and anxiety for many. This was not limited to the usual reports of 'will computers take over humans', but also included warnings that artificial intelligence can be used to make chemical and biological weapons.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/godfather-of-ai-calls-for-action-before-ai-is-smarter-than-us-warns-looming-takeover-isnt-science-fiction-609899">Godfather of AI calls for action 'before AI is smarter than us', warns looming takeover isn't science fiction</a>

In March, more than 1,100 notable signatories, including Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, and Tristan Harris of the Center for Humane Technology, signed an open letter calling on "all AI labs to immediately pause for at least 6 months the training of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4." They reasoned that as AI systems become more "human-competitive" at general tasks, humans need to ask, "Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?".&nbsp;

There were also concerns about copyrights, as AI "used" work made by artists to "create" its own art. AI-generated deepfakes were also a cause of concern, with reports of the technology being used for propaganda.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/england-based-prep-school-appoints-ai-robot-as-headmaster-647548">England-based prep school appoints AI robot as headmaster</a>

<h2>Other contenders for 'Word of the Year'</h2>

Artificial intelligence was not the only word on the list. Its contenders included de-influencing — where famous people use their notability to warn followers against harmful stuff, and Nepo baby — the word for people, mostly in the entertainment industry, whose rise to fame is based on having famous parents.

(With inputs from agencies)

WATCH WION LIVE HERE

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="350" loading="”lazy”" src="https://www.wionews.com/live-tv/embed?autoplay=1&amp;mute=1" width="100%"></iframe>

Artificial Intelligence has been in the spotlight throughout 2023. AI made headlines and was the focus of more and more conversations. Thanks to this rising visibility, the term 'Artificial Intelligence' has been named the "word of the year" by Collins Dictionary.

Artificial Intelligence has been in the spotlight throughout 2023. AI made headlines and was the focus of more and more conversations. Thanks to this rising visibility, the term 'Artificial Intelligence' has been named the "word of the year" by Collins Dictionary. Conversations and more As per Collins Dictionary, the use of AI, a term that describes "the modelling of human mental functions by computer programs", has quadrupled this year. Alex Beecroft, the director of Collins Dictionary, as quoted by BBC, said that AI had been "the talking point of 2023". "We know that AI has been a big focus this year in the way that it has developed and has quickly become as ubiquitous and embedded in our lives as email, streaming or any other once futuristic, now everyday technology," he added. Also read | World Health Organization issues warning, says AI in healthcare poses risks, could be misused How AI made the conversations Artificial Intelligence was all over the board; from suggesting recipes with leftover pantry ingredients to acting as a therapist... AI did it all. Not only that, it also was a source of fear and anxiety for many. This was not limited to the usual reports of 'will computers take over humans', but also included warnings that artificial intelligence can be used to make chemical and biological weapons. Also read | Godfather of AI calls for action 'before AI is smarter than us', warns looming takeover isn't science fiction In March, more than 1,100 notable signatories, including Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, and Tristan Harris of the Center for Humane Technology, signed an open letter calling on "all AI labs to immediately pause for at least 6 months the training of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4." They reasoned that as AI systems become more "human-competitive" at general tasks, humans need to ask, "Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?". There were also concerns about copyrights, as AI "used" work made by artists to "create" its own art. AI-generated deepfakes were also a cause of concern, with reports of the technology being used for propaganda. Also read | England-based prep school appoints AI robot as headmaster Other contenders for 'Word of the Year' Artificial intelligence was not the only word on the list. Its contenders included de-influencing — where famous people use their notability to warn followers against harmful stuff, and Nepo baby — the word for people, mostly in the entertainment industry, whose rise to fame is based on having famous parents. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Artificial Intelligence dominates conversations in 2023, named 'Word of the Year' by Collins Dictionary

A panel of advisors of the Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday (Oct 31) held a day-long meeting grappling with potential risks posed by a novel therapy for sickle cell disease, a rare blood disorder that affects a significant population globally.

If green-lit by the FDA, it could be a groundbreaking solution for many individuals battling severe forms of the rare blood disorder.

<h2>A novel therapy</h2>

The therapy called exa-cel, which has been developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals, harnesses CRISPR gene editing technology to potentially cure sickle cell disease.&nbsp;

As per a press release by Vertes, the FDA is expected to decide on exa-cel by December 8.

Documents released before Tuesday's meeting show that the FDA concurred with the company's portrayal of the therapy's trials, acknowledging the "strongly positive results".&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/air-pollution-ups-risk-of-parkinsons-disease-by-56-study-653648">Air pollution ups risk of Parkinson's disease by 56%: Study</a>

Speaking at the meeting, Dr Nicole Verdun, head of the FDA's Office of Therapeutics Products, said: "It is an exciting time in cell and gene therapy that we are beginning to address some of this unmet need in a variety of diseases. Exa-cel has been studied for treatment of sickle cell disease with severe vaso-occlusive crises and has shown efficacy and safety."&nbsp;

Throughout the discussion, the FDA, as per CBS News, emphasised the importance of minimising unintended gene alterations, raising concerns about potential off-target editing and the associated risks.&nbsp;

"If the gene happens to play an essential role in cell function, then such unintended edits can be deleterious. These edits can also increase the risk of cancer," said the FDA's Komudi Singh, a bioinformatics reviewer for the agency.

However, experts underscored the absence of concrete evidence indicating adverse effects from unintended changes.

As per Dr Daniel Bauer, a researcher at Boston Children's Hospital, "Theoretically, could it? Yes. Is there evidence to suggest that it does? I would say no. But this hasn't really been done very much. We need to be humble and open to learning from these brave patients who are participating."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/his-own-body-attacked-it-second-person-to-get-pig-heart-transplant-dies-653843">‘His own body attacked it,’ Second person to get pig heart transplant dies</a>

Largely supporting the treatment, committee members advocated for continued vigilance and long-term monitoring to fully grasp the treatment's impact.

<h2>Sickle cell disease</h2>

In the USA alone, around 100,000 people, predominantly from Black communities, are affected by sickle cell disease, according to estimates by the CDC.

Currently, blood and bone marrow transplants are the only available cures for this disease.&nbsp;

These too, are accessible to only a small fraction of patients as they depend on finding close genetic matches to them.

Sickle cell disease causes a range of debilitating complications, including agonising vaso-occlusive crises — where blood flow is blocked in the body — described as "bone-crushing pain" by one patient.

(With inputs from agencies)

A panel of advisors of the Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday (Oct 31) held a day-long meeting grappling with potential risks posed by a novel therapy for sickle cell disease, a rare blood disorder that affects a significant population globally.

A panel of advisors of the Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday (Oct 31) held a day-long meeting grappling with potential risks posed by a novel therapy for sickle cell disease, a rare blood disorder that affects a significant population globally. If green-lit by the FDA, it could be a groundbreaking solution for many individuals battling severe forms of the rare blood disorder. A novel therapy The therapy called exa-cel, which has been developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals, harnesses CRISPR gene editing technology to potentially cure sickle cell disease. As per a press release by Vertes, the FDA is expected to decide on exa-cel by December 8. Documents released before Tuesday's meeting show that the FDA concurred with the company's portrayal of the therapy's trials, acknowledging the "strongly positive results". Also read | Air pollution ups risk of Parkinson's disease by 56%: Study Speaking at the meeting, Dr Nicole Verdun, head of the FDA's Office of Therapeutics Products, said: "It is an exciting time in cell and gene therapy that we are beginning to address some of this unmet need in a variety of diseases. Exa-cel has been studied for treatment of sickle cell disease with severe vaso-occlusive crises and has shown efficacy and safety." Throughout the discussion, the FDA, as per CBS News, emphasised the importance of minimising unintended gene alterations, raising concerns about potential off-target editing and the associated risks. "If the gene happens to play an essential role in cell function, then such unintended edits can be deleterious. These edits can also increase the risk of cancer," said the FDA's Komudi Singh, a bioinformatics reviewer for the agency. However, experts underscored the absence of concrete evidence indicating adverse effects from unintended changes. As per Dr Daniel Bauer, a researcher at Boston Children's Hospital, "Theoretically, could it? Yes. Is there evidence to suggest that it does? I would say no. But this hasn't really been done very much. We need to be humble and open to learning from these brave patients who are participating." Also read | ‘His own body attacked it,’ Second person to get pig heart transplant dies Largely supporting the treatment, committee members advocated for continued vigilance and long-term monitoring to fully grasp the treatment's impact. Sickle cell disease In the USA alone, around 100,000 people, predominantly from Black communities, are affected by sickle cell disease, according to estimates by the CDC. Currently, blood and bone marrow transplants are the only available cures for this disease. These too, are accessible to only a small fraction of patients as they depend on finding close genetic matches to them. Sickle cell disease causes a range of debilitating complications, including agonising vaso-occlusive crises — where blood flow is blocked in the body — described as "bone-crushing pain" by one patient. (With inputs from agencies)

FDA weighs risks and benefits of CRISPR therapy for sickle cell disease

Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry.

The vessel, which had been in Colombo since Wednesday, was initially allowed into the main port for "replenishments" amid concerns about its potential use for espionage.

The decision to allow marine research under monitoring comes in response to India's previous security concerns regarding China's increasing presence in the Indian Ocean and its strategic influence in Sri Lanka.

<h2>Security concerns and surveillance</h2>

Sri Lanka had previously expressed concerns about the ship's potential espionage capabilities.

To address these concerns, the vessel has been granted a limited timeframe for research activities, with local scientists and researchers onboard, along with monitoring by the Sri Lanka navy.

The vessel, Shi Yan 6, measures 90 metres&nbsp;and is anchored at Colombo harbour, which is operated by a Chinese state-run company. In the past, the docking of Chinese submarines in Sri Lanka had raised protests from India, further fueling regional security apprehensions.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/chinese-spy-vessel-shin-yan-6-docks-at-colombo-port-amidst-indias-security-concerns-651161">Also read |&nbsp;Chinese ‘research vessel’ Shin Yan 6 docks at Colombo Port amid India’s security concerns</a>

Chinese state broadcaster CGTN categorises Shi Yan 6 as a "scientific research vessel" with a crew of 60, focusing on oceanography, geology, and marine ecology tests. However, similar vessels, such as the Yuan Wang 5, have raised suspicions due to their potential dual-use capabilities for spacecraft tracking. The latter vessel, which specialises in spacecraft tracking, had visited Sri Lanka the previous year and docked in Hambantota port, located in the south of Sri Lanka, under a 99-year lease with a Chinese company.

<h2>Why is India concerned?</h2>

Disguised as conducting scientific examinations in the Indian Ocean, Chinese vessels are presently engaged in extensive surveys across vast regions of the Indian Ocean Region.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/how-chinas-scientific-ships-can-pave-way-to-chinese-submarine-deployment-near-india-643123">Also read |&nbsp;How China's 'scientific' ships can pave way to Chinese submarine deployment near India</a>

The data collected is of immense significance for Chinese submarines manoeuvring through the shallow waters of the Malacca Strait and traversing the Eastern Indian Ocean, a situation causing significant apprehension for India.

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Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry.

Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry. The vessel, which had been in Colombo since Wednesday, was initially allowed into the main port for "replenishments" amid concerns about its potential use for espionage. The decision to allow marine research under monitoring comes in response to India's previous security concerns regarding China's increasing presence in the Indian Ocean and its strategic influence in Sri Lanka. Security concerns and surveillance Sri Lanka had previously expressed concerns about the ship's potential espionage capabilities. To address these concerns, the vessel has been granted a limited timeframe for research activities, with local scientists and researchers onboard, along with monitoring by the Sri Lanka navy. The vessel, Shi Yan 6, measures 90 metres and is anchored at Colombo harbour, which is operated by a Chinese state-run company. In the past, the docking of Chinese submarines in Sri Lanka had raised protests from India, further fueling regional security apprehensions. Also read | Chinese ‘research vessel’ Shin Yan 6 docks at Colombo Port amid India’s security concerns Chinese state broadcaster CGTN categorises Shi Yan 6 as a "scientific research vessel" with a crew of 60, focusing on oceanography, geology, and marine ecology tests. However, similar vessels, such as the Yuan Wang 5, have raised suspicions due to their potential dual-use capabilities for spacecraft tracking. The latter vessel, which specialises in spacecraft tracking, had visited Sri Lanka the previous year and docked in Hambantota port, located in the south of Sri Lanka, under a 99-year lease with a Chinese company. Why is India concerned? Disguised as conducting scientific examinations in the Indian Ocean, Chinese vessels are presently engaged in extensive surveys across vast regions of the Indian Ocean Region. Also read | How China's 'scientific' ships can pave way to Chinese submarine deployment near India The data collected is of immense significance for Chinese submarines manoeuvring through the shallow waters of the Malacca Strait and traversing the Eastern Indian Ocean, a situation causing significant apprehension for India. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Shin Yan 6: Sri Lanka allows 48-hour research window to Chinese vessel amid spying concerns

"Cackle, scratch, and more" might sum up what we think of when it comes to chickens, but apparently, these birds are capable of so much more.&nbsp;

In an astonishing breakthrough, a team of researchers from the Universities of Bonn and Bochum, in collaboration with the MSH Medical School Hamburg, have unveiled compelling evidence suggesting that roosters could possess the ability to recognise their own reflections in a mirror. While this may not seem like much to you, it is a big deal. Here's why.

<h2>Why does it matter?</h2>

The revelation, as per Science Daily, opens up a whole new avenue of inquiry that stretches far beyond these feathered creatures. It promises to redefine our understanding of self-awareness among a variety of animal species.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-nasa-to-send-nuclear-powered-dragonfly-to-saturns-moon-titan-heres-all-you-need-to-know-651572">Explained: NASA to send 'nuclear-powered' Dragonfly to Saturn's moon Titan. Here's all you need to know</a>

Not only are these findings scientifically important, but they can also be a fundamental cornerstone for the discussions surrounding animal rights and welfare.

Findings from the study have been featured in the journal PLOS ONE.

The litmus test for self-recognition is the widely recognised "Mark Test," which involves applying a distinct colour mark to an animal's head that can only be seen in front of a mirror. If an animal starts to explore the body area that has the mark, it is considered a success.

While this method has often been the go-to approach, it's not always a reliable measure of self-awareness. Some creatures, despite their self-awareness, tend to stay away from the mirror, possibly due to the discomfort of the unnatural setting.

<h2>Adapting the experiment</h2>

To avoid this, the team decided to customise the mirror experiment to mirror ecologically relevant behaviours.&nbsp;

"Our goal was to conduct the mirror test in an environment that is better adapted to the ecologically relevant behaviour of the chickens," said Dr&nbsp;Inga Tiemann.&nbsp;

Prof Onur Güntürkün, from the Department of Biopsychology at the Ruhr University in Bochum proposed incorporating the roosters' innate alarm calls, often used to warn fellow chickens of looming predators like birds of prey or crafty foxes. However, when alone, they stay silent.

"The alarm call is the perfect behaviour to integrate into a more ecologically relevant test of self-awareness," said Güntürkün.

<h2>Research findings</h2>

58 roosters were used for the experiments, with each bird subjected to the trials — involving a lifelike image of a fearsome bird of prey — three times for statistical validation.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/need-to-have-dialogue-chinas-wang-yi-tells-us-as-he-lays-groundwork-for-xi-biden-meet-651753">‘Need to have dialogue,’ China’s Wang Yi tells US as he lays groundwork for Xi-Biden meet</a>

The collective findings were nothing short of astounding. There were 77 alarm calls in the presence of a fellow rooster. In stark contrast, when left to confront the virtual predator alone, only 17 solitary calls were emitted. This, as per scientists, highlights roosters' remarkable adaptability and responsiveness to their immediate environment.

Following this, scientists used a reflective mirror, eager to witness how the roosters would react to their own reflections in the face of the simulated threat. The results? Only 25 alarm calls were registered.

This remarkable finding suggests that the roosters, when faced with their mirror images and the looming bird of prey, didn't mistake their reflections for another rooster, hinting at the possibility of self-recognition.

(With inputs from agencies)

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"Cackle, scratch, and more" might sum up what we think of when it comes to chickens, but apparently, these birds are capable of so much more. In an astonishing breakthrough, a team of researchers from the Universities of Bonn and Bochum, in collaboration with the MSH Medical School Hamburg, have unveiled compelling evidence suggesting that roosters could possess the ability to recognise their own reflections in a mirror.

"Cackle, scratch, and more" might sum up what we think of when it comes to chickens, but apparently, these birds are capable of so much more. In an astonishing breakthrough, a team of researchers from the Universities of Bonn and Bochum, in collaboration with the MSH Medical School Hamburg, have unveiled compelling evidence suggesting that roosters could possess the ability to recognise their own reflections in a mirror. While this may not seem like much to you, it is a big deal. Here's why. Why does it matter? The revelation, as per Science Daily, opens up a whole new avenue of inquiry that stretches far beyond these feathered creatures. It promises to redefine our understanding of self-awareness among a variety of animal species. Also read | Explained: NASA to send 'nuclear-powered' Dragonfly to Saturn's moon Titan. Here's all you need to know Not only are these findings scientifically important, but they can also be a fundamental cornerstone for the discussions surrounding animal rights and welfare. Findings from the study have been featured in the journal PLOS ONE. The litmus test for self-recognition is the widely recognised "Mark Test," which involves applying a distinct colour mark to an animal's head that can only be seen in front of a mirror. If an animal starts to explore the body area that has the mark, it is considered a success. While this method has often been the go-to approach, it's not always a reliable measure of self-awareness. Some creatures, despite their self-awareness, tend to stay away from the mirror, possibly due to the discomfort of the unnatural setting. Adapting the experiment To avoid this, the team decided to customise the mirror experiment to mirror ecologically relevant behaviours. "Our goal was to conduct the mirror test in an environment that is better adapted to the ecologically relevant behaviour of the chickens," said Dr Inga Tiemann. Prof Onur Güntürkün, from the Department of Biopsychology at the Ruhr University in Bochum proposed incorporating the roosters' innate alarm calls, often used to warn fellow chickens of looming predators like birds of prey or crafty foxes. However, when alone, they stay silent. "The alarm call is the perfect behaviour to integrate into a more ecologically relevant test of self-awareness," said Güntürkün. Research findings 58 roosters were used for the experiments, with each bird subjected to the trials — involving a lifelike image of a fearsome bird of prey — three times for statistical validation. Also read | ‘Need to have dialogue,’ China’s Wang Yi tells US as he lays groundwork for Xi-Biden meet The collective findings were nothing short of astounding. There were 77 alarm calls in the presence of a fellow rooster. In stark contrast, when left to confront the virtual predator alone, only 17 solitary calls were emitted. This, as per scientists, highlights roosters' remarkable adaptability and responsiveness to their immediate environment. Following this, scientists used a reflective mirror, eager to witness how the roosters would react to their own reflections in the face of the simulated threat. The results? Only 25 alarm calls were registered. This remarkable finding suggests that the roosters, when faced with their mirror images and the looming bird of prey, didn't mistake their reflections for another rooster, hinting at the possibility of self-recognition. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Roosters can recognise themselves in mirror. Here's why it matters

Over a year after a Chinese ship docked at Sri Lanka port, another one dubbed a "geophysical scientific research vessel Shi Yan 6", arrived in the South Asian country on Wednesday (Oct 26), media reports said adding that the ship will remain there till October 28. The so-called scientific vessel, often labeled as a "dual-use spy ship," reportedly docked at the Colombo port amid concerns flagged by Indian and US authorities.&nbsp;

In an earlier article, WION explained <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/how-chinas-scientific-ships-can-pave-way-to-chinese-submarine-deployment-near-india-643123">how China's "scientific" ships can pave the way to Chinese submarine deployment near India.&nbsp;</a>

This is the second time China's "research" vessel has arrived in Sri Lanka. Chinese white elephant projects, like Sri Lanka's leased out Hambantota port to Beijing, reportedly pushed the country into an economic collapse last year and triggered massive protests.&nbsp;About 10 per cent of Sri Lanka’s loans are from China.&nbsp;

The last ship arrived in Sri Lanka in August last year. Earlier, China’s Yuan Wang 5 sailed into Hambantota.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/us-economy-delivers-strong-q3-growth-despite-looming-challenges-report-651832">US economy delivers strong Q3 growth despite looming challenges: Report &nbsp;</a>

<h2>Concerns by India, US&nbsp;</h2>

Indian foreign minister S Jaishankar earlier expressed concerns over China's growing naval presence in the Indian Ocean.&nbsp;

In September, Jaishankar at an event said, "Last 20 -25 years, there has been a steady increase in the Chinese naval presence and activity in the Indian Ocean, but there has been a very sharp increase in the size of Chinese naval. When you have a very much bigger navy, that navy is going to be visible in terms of its deployment somewhere.”

Even US Under Secretary Victoria Nuland while meeting Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Ali Sabry in New York on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly session flagged concerns over Shi Yan 6.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/israel-hamas-war-social-media-scrambles-to-scrub-spoof-videos-mocking-palestinians-651829">Israel-Hamas war: Social media scrambles to scrub spoof videos mocking Palestinians</a>

China is already infamous for its alleged spying activities overseas. Shi Yan 6 was given permission to dock at Colombo port for replenishment purposes till October 28.&nbsp;

"Shi Yan 6 was given permission to enter the (Colombo) port for replenishment," the Sri Lankan foreign ministry spokesperson&nbsp;Kapila Fonseka reportedly&nbsp;said.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/israel-palestine-war-displaced-gazans-shows-signs-of-disease-from-over-crowding-poor-sanitation-651810">Israel-Palestine war: Displaced Gazans shows signs of disease from over crowding, poor sanitation</a>

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Originally, the Chinese vessel was supposed to conduct its research along with Sri Lankan state institutions, however, this permission was not granted. “The particular permission is very clear,” Fonseka said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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Over a year after a Chinese ship docked at Sri Lanka port, another one dubbed a "geophysical scientific research vessel Shi Yan 6", arrived in the South Asian country on Wednesday (Oct 26), media reports said adding that the ship will remain there till October 28.

Over a year after a Chinese ship docked at Sri Lanka port, another one dubbed a "geophysical scientific research vessel Shi Yan 6", arrived in the South Asian country on Wednesday (Oct 26), media reports said adding that the ship will remain there till October 28. The so-called scientific vessel, often labeled as a "dual-use spy ship," reportedly docked at the Colombo port amid concerns flagged by Indian and US authorities. In an earlier article, WION explained how China's "scientific" ships can pave the way to Chinese submarine deployment near India. This is the second time China's "research" vessel has arrived in Sri Lanka. Chinese white elephant projects, like Sri Lanka's leased out Hambantota port to Beijing, reportedly pushed the country into an economic collapse last year and triggered massive protests. About 10 per cent of Sri Lanka’s loans are from China. The last ship arrived in Sri Lanka in August last year. Earlier, China’s Yuan Wang 5 sailed into Hambantota. Also Read | US economy delivers strong Q3 growth despite looming challenges: Report Concerns by India, US Indian foreign minister S Jaishankar earlier expressed concerns over China's growing naval presence in the Indian Ocean. In September, Jaishankar at an event said, "Last 20 -25 years, there has been a steady increase in the Chinese naval presence and activity in the Indian Ocean, but there has been a very sharp increase in the size of Chinese naval. When you have a very much bigger navy, that navy is going to be visible in terms of its deployment somewhere.” Even US Under Secretary Victoria Nuland while meeting Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Ali Sabry in New York on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly session flagged concerns over Shi Yan 6. Also Read | Israel-Hamas war: Social media scrambles to scrub spoof videos mocking Palestinians China is already infamous for its alleged spying activities overseas. Shi Yan 6 was given permission to dock at Colombo port for replenishment purposes till October 28. "Shi Yan 6 was given permission to enter the (Colombo) port for replenishment," the Sri Lankan foreign ministry spokesperson Kapila Fonseka reportedly said. Watch | Israel-Palestine war: Displaced Gazans shows signs of disease from over crowding, poor sanitation × Originally, the Chinese vessel was supposed to conduct its research along with Sri Lankan state institutions, however, this permission was not granted. “The particular permission is very clear,” Fonseka said. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Chinese 'research' ship Shi Yan 6 to remain at Colombo port till Oct 28 amid India, US concerns

In July 1952, Palomar's astronomical research observatory in US California was conducting a night sky photographic survey. It involved taking multiple images of the same sky region to identify celestial objects, including asteroids.

But during this survey, a peculiar event unfolded. Three stars just vanished.&nbsp;

The survey was undergoing when at 8:52 pm a photographic plate recorded the presence of three stars grouped closely together. It appeared relatively bright with a magnitude of 15.

However, just 53 minutes later, at around 9:45 pm, when the same section of the sky was captured once more, those three stars had seemingly disappeared without a trace.

As per reports stars typically do not vanish. What can happen is that they can undergo processes like explosions or sudden increases in brightness.

But complete disappearance is an unusual phenomenon. Yet, the photographic evidence clearly showed their presence in the first image and their absence in the second.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-curiosity-rover-finds-evidence-mars-was-once-a-planet-of-rivers-651444">NASA Curiosity rover finds evidence, Mars was once a 'planet of rivers'</a>

<h2>Did the stars dim?&nbsp;</h2>

One of the theories that could be thought of is that these stars had dimmed quickly. However, this phenomenon faced significant challenges.

Subsequent observations found no evidence of these stars getting dimmer than magnitude 24. What this implied was that these then could have dimmed by a staggering factor of over 10,000 in less than an hour.

So, what are the possible explanations for the sudden disappearance of these stars?&nbsp;&nbsp;

Several theories have emerged to account for this enigmatic event.

One was that these three stars might actually be a single star that experienced a transient increase in brightness, such as from a fast radio burst emitted by a magnetar.

During this brightness surge, a stellar-mass black hole might have passed between the star and Earth, causing the burst to gravitationally lens and appear as three distinct images briefly, media reports said.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/lunar-eclipse-2023-will-it-be-visible-in-india-check-date-and-time-all-you-need-to-know-651411">Lunar Eclipse 2023: Will it be visible in India? Check date and time | All you need to know</a>

However, the rarity of such an event also raised doubts. An alternative idea is that these were not stars at all.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/interest-rate-on-30-year-home-loans-reach-23-year-high-world-business-watch-651421">Interest rate on 30-year home loans reach 23-year high | World Business Watch</a>

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A third hypothesis was about the possibility that these were not celestial objects but rather cropped up due to contamination.

Palomar Observatory was not far from the New Mexico deserts where nuclear weapons testing occurred. Radioactive dust from these tests might have contaminated the photographic plates, causing bright spots to appear in some images but not others.

At this stage, the true explanation remains elusive.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In July 1952, Palomar's astronomical research observatory in US California was conducting a night sky photographic survey. It involved taking multiple images of the same sky region to identify celestial objects, including asteroids.

In July 1952, Palomar's astronomical research observatory in US California was conducting a night sky photographic survey. It involved taking multiple images of the same sky region to identify celestial objects, including asteroids. But during this survey, a peculiar event unfolded. Three stars just vanished. The survey was undergoing when at 8:52 pm a photographic plate recorded the presence of three stars grouped closely together. It appeared relatively bright with a magnitude of 15. However, just 53 minutes later, at around 9:45 pm, when the same section of the sky was captured once more, those three stars had seemingly disappeared without a trace. As per reports stars typically do not vanish. What can happen is that they can undergo processes like explosions or sudden increases in brightness. But complete disappearance is an unusual phenomenon. Yet, the photographic evidence clearly showed their presence in the first image and their absence in the second. Also Read | NASA Curiosity rover finds evidence, Mars was once a 'planet of rivers' Did the stars dim? One of the theories that could be thought of is that these stars had dimmed quickly. However, this phenomenon faced significant challenges. Subsequent observations found no evidence of these stars getting dimmer than magnitude 24. What this implied was that these then could have dimmed by a staggering factor of over 10,000 in less than an hour. So, what are the possible explanations for the sudden disappearance of these stars? Several theories have emerged to account for this enigmatic event. One was that these three stars might actually be a single star that experienced a transient increase in brightness, such as from a fast radio burst emitted by a magnetar. During this brightness surge, a stellar-mass black hole might have passed between the star and Earth, causing the burst to gravitationally lens and appear as three distinct images briefly, media reports said. Also Read | Lunar Eclipse 2023: Will it be visible in India? Check date and time | All you need to know However, the rarity of such an event also raised doubts. An alternative idea is that these were not stars at all. Watch | Interest rate on 30-year home loans reach 23-year high | World Business Watch × A third hypothesis was about the possibility that these were not celestial objects but rather cropped up due to contamination. Palomar Observatory was not far from the New Mexico deserts where nuclear weapons testing occurred. Radioactive dust from these tests might have contaminated the photographic plates, causing bright spots to appear in some images but not others. At this stage, the true explanation remains elusive. (With inputs from agencies)

Three stars mysteriously disappeared in 1952, and conjecture is all we have

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