The Indian Navy conducts the Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise (TROPEX) to evaluate and enhance its combat readiness in a complex, multi-threat environment. This large-scale naval exercise, conducted biennially, integrates assets from the Indian Army, Indian Air Force, and the Indian Coast Guard, making it one of the most significant joint military exercises in the region. TROPEX serves as a crucial strategic tool to test, refine, and validate India's maritime security capabilities in both conventional and asymmetric warfare scenarios. It is insufficient to field naval forces prepared to fight the battles of tomorrow with doctrine and weapons designed for the wars of yesterday.
As India faces an evolving security landscape marked by maritime disputes, regional instability, and the growing assertion of naval powers in the Indo-Pacific, TROPEX plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational preparedness. The primary objective of a naval offensive is to "exert specific superiority at the point of impact," making it one of the most effective and decisive strategies in maritime warfare and TROPEX is the most efficient way to prove it. This writer aims to explore the importance of TROPEX, its historical evolution, global parallels, and its relevance in modern maritime security dynamics.
Watch: India successfully tests indigenous naval missile with precision strike capability
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<h2> <iframe width="600" height="auto" style="width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/3;" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" class="external-video publive-iframes-block" src="https://cdn.thepublive.com/wion/static/kaltura_player/wion_video_player_iframe.html?thumbnail=wion/media/post_attachments/screenshot/2702_wion_naval_9am/00000002.jpg&amp;videourl=https://vodakm.zeenews.com/vod/WION/2702_wion_naval_9am.mp4/index.m3u8&amp;duration=78&amp;tags=india, navy, trials, missiles, drdo, wion" title="India successfully tests indigenous naval missile with precision strike capability" id="PL_iframe_block-m7mvyi8h-o5gg3xpq-luibb9my"></iframe> Strategic importance of TROPEX</h2>
TROPEX is designed to assess and enhance the operational readiness of the Indian Navy across multiple warfare domains. Its key objectives include: &nbsp; 1. &nbsp; &nbsp;Operational Readiness Assessment: TROPEX serves as a platform to evaluate the combat capabilities of naval assets, including aircraft carriers, destroyers, frigates, submarines, and maritime patrol aircraft. The exercise ensures that the Indian Navy is prepared to operate in high-intensity combat situations.
2. &nbsp; &nbsp;Joint Force Integration: The exercise fosters synergy between the Indian Navy, Air Force, Army, and Coast Guard. Seamless coordination among these forces is critical for joint maritime operations, especially in the Indo-Pacific, where India seeks to assert its naval dominance. &nbsp; 3. &nbsp; &nbsp;Maritime Domain Awareness: With an emphasis on surveillance and intelligence gathering, TROPEX strengthens India's ability to detect and respond to emerging threats, including piracy, terrorism, and illegal maritime activities. &nbsp; 4. &nbsp; &nbsp;War-Fighting Capability Testing: The exercise simulates real-world scenarios, including anti-submarine warfare, amphibious operations, surface warfare, electronic warfare, and network-centric warfare. These simulations enhance the tactical proficiency of naval personnel and test new doctrines and strategies. &nbsp; 5. &nbsp; &nbsp;Geopolitical Significance: Given the increasing Chinese naval presence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), TROPEX is a strategic deterrent, showcasing India's ability to safeguard its maritime interests and counter potential adversaries.
Also read: &nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/explainer-what-is-the-indian-navys-tropex-25-exercises-8686482">Explainer: What is the Indian Navy's Tropex-25 exercises?</a>
<h2>Historical context and evolution of TROPEX</h2>
TROPEX has evolved significantly since its inception. The Indian Navy has consistently expanded the scope and complexity of the exercise, incorporating advanced warfare strategies, cutting-edge technologies, and participation from allied forces. &nbsp; 1. &nbsp; &nbsp; Early Years: Before TROPEX, the Indian Navy conducted two separate naval exercises, Springex and Summerex, in different parts of the year. These exercises primarily focused on fleet training and tactical development.
2. &nbsp; &nbsp;Unification into TROPEX: Recognising the need for a more comprehensive and integrated approach, the Indian Navy merged Springex and Summerex into a single large-scale exercise, TROPEX, way back in 2005. This transition was to streamline training efforts, enhance joint force coordination, and improve overall combat readiness. It became important to prepare for a two-front war. Further, with an increase in the likelihood of the non-regional forces being involved, it became imperative to cater for all situations.
3. &nbsp; &nbsp;Post-Kargil War Evolution: The 1999 Kargil conflict underscored the need for greater synergy among India&rsquo;s armed forces. Consequently, TROPEX began incorporating multi-dimensional warfare scenarios. Threats today are multidimensional and are not limited to the power and authority of nation-states. Globalisation and economic interdependence increase the power base of non-state actors and hence require operational manoeuvres at sea to affect land battles.
4. &nbsp; &nbsp;Recent Developments: The latest editions of TROPEX have emphasised network-centric operations, cyber warfare, and integration with space-based assets for enhanced situational awareness. There has been a drastic increase in the use of autonomous and unmanned systems in all three domains: surface, air and underwater. Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/video-indian-navy-officers-rescued-mid-air-during-a-rehearsal-8588152">Video: Indian Navy officers rescued after falling in beach during rehearsal</a>
<h2>Global equivalents: Single-nation large-scale exercises</h2>
Several major navies conduct large-scale operational readiness exercises similar to TROPEX. These exercises serve similar purposes: enhancing combat effectiveness, interoperability within their respective branches, and strategic deterrence.
<ul>
<li>Large Scale Exercise (LSE) &ndash; United States: Conducted by the US Navy, LSE is a large-scale naval warfighting exercise integrating fleets and joint force elements across multiple maritime theatres. It tests the ability of the US Navy to conduct high-end conflict scenarios and multi-domain operations. </li>
<li>Exercise Ocean Explorer &ndash; Australia: A comprehensive Royal Australian Navy (RAN) exercise that tests maritime warfare capabilities, focusing on surface warfare, undersea warfare, and amphibious operations. The main aim of the exercise is to develop Navy's task group capability, to operate a number of ships under one commander and focus primarily on sea control operations which can include the full spectrum of maritime security operations from diplomacy and international engagement at one end, through to humanitarian. </li>
<li>Northern Edge &ndash; United States: A large-scale joint force exercise conducted by the US Navy and Air Force to enhance warfighting capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region. It emphasises complex maritime operations, integrated air defence, and high-intensity conflict scenarios. </li>
<li>&nbsp;Exercise Trident Juncture&ndash; United Kingdom: The Royal Navy's premier large-scale naval exercise, focusing on carrier strike operations, anti-submarine warfare, and joint amphibious warfare. Trident ensures the UK Navy remains operationally ready for full-spectrum warfare. Since 2014, collective defence has become a more prominent feature of NATO exercises due to the changes in the security landscape. </li>
<li>Fleetex &ndash; France: A large-scale naval combat readiness exercise conducted by the French Navy to test fleet integration, maritime strike capabilities, and naval power projection.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp; Each of these exercises plays a crucial role in maintaining strategic stability and ensuring that their respective naval forces remain prepared for any maritime contingency.
<h2>TROPEX and India's evolving maritime strategy</h2>
India's maritime strategy has seen significant shifts in recent years, with an increasing focus on the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and Indo-Pacific security. With the rise of maritime challenges such as territorial disputes, freedom of navigation concerns, and asymmetric threats like piracy and terrorism, India has recognised the necessity of maintaining an agile, combat-ready navy.&nbsp;
Conducting large-scale manoeuvres at sea, such as TROPEX, ensures that the Indian Navy remains prepared to address both traditional and non-traditional security challenges. By refining its operational tactics through realistic maritime exercises, India enhances its ability to safeguard its strategic interests, protect sea lanes of communication, and project power in a contested maritime environment. TROPEX plays a vital role in achieving the following strategic objectives: 1. &nbsp; &nbsp; Strengthening Blue Water Capabilities: As India aspires to be a dominant naval power, TROPEX provides the necessary training to operate beyond coastal waters and project power in distant seas.
2. &nbsp; &nbsp;Countering Regional Threats: With growing concerns over Chinese naval activity in the IOR, the exercise serves as a deterrent, signalling India&rsquo;s readiness to protect its interests.
3. &nbsp; &nbsp;Enhancing Naval Diplomacy: By conducting bilateral and multilateral exercises alongside TROPEX, India strengthens its naval partnerships and aligns itself with like-minded nations.
4. &nbsp; &nbsp;Bolstering Maritime Security: &nbsp;TROPEX ensures India is well-equipped to counter threats such as piracy, terrorism, and illegal fishing in its waters.
<h2>Technological Advancements and Future Prospects</h2>
As warfare rapidly evolves, TROPEX remains at the forefront, integrating cutting-edge technologies and groundbreaking innovations to stay ahead of emerging threats. This exercise gives a dynamic showcase of strategic prowess, where advanced weaponry, state-of-the-art surveillance systems, and next-generation warfare tactics come together in perfect synchronisation. &nbsp; TROPEX not only tests operational readiness but also pushes the boundaries of modern combat, ensuring that naval forces are equipped to dominate an ever-changing battlefield. With each iteration, it redefines the future of maritime defence, making it a spectacle of strength, precision, and technological supremacy. As warfare evolves, TROPEX continues to incorporate cutting-edge technologies and innovations: &nbsp; 1. &nbsp; &nbsp;AI and Big Data Analytics: Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) enhances decision-making in network-centric warfare scenarios.
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; Unmanned Systems: Drones, &nbsp;USVs and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are increasingly used for surveillance and reconnaissance. &nbsp; 3. &nbsp; &nbsp;Cyber Warfare Capabilities: With cyber threats becoming more sophisticated, TROPEX includes cyber defence strategies to protect critical naval infrastructure.
4. &nbsp; &nbsp;Hypersonic and Precision Strike Weapons: Future editions of TROPEX may focus on integrating hypersonic weapon platforms for rapid strike capabilities. &nbsp; In an era where warfare is constantly evolving, TROPEX stands as a testament to the power of preparation, innovation, and strategic dominance. With each iteration, this premier naval exercise pushes the boundaries of modern combat, integrating cutting-edge technologies, advanced surveillance systems, and next-generation weaponry to ensure operational superiority. It is not merely an exercise; it is a bold declaration that maritime forces are ready to tackle emerging threats with precision and resilience. &nbsp; TROPEX is more than just a test of strength, it is a demonstration of adaptability and foresight. As geopolitical landscapes shift and new challenges arise, this exercise ensures that naval forces remain agile, responsive, and ahead of their adversaries. The fusion of artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and real-time data analytics in warfare underscores the importance of technological supremacy, making TROPEX a catalyst for the future of maritime defence. &nbsp; As the saying goes, "Victory is reserved for those who are willing to pay its price." TROPEX embodies this spirit, ensuring that those who train today will triumph tomorrow. In a world where the seas are both a battleground and a frontier, TROPEX guarantees that those who command the waves will command the future.

India news | Opinion : TROPEX serves as a crucial strategic tool to test, refine, and validate India's maritime security capabilities in both conventional and asymmetric warfare scenarios. It is insufficient to field naval forces prepared to fight the battles of tomorrow with doctrine and weapons designed for the wars of yesterday.

The Indian Navy conducts the Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise (TROPEX) to evaluate and enhance its combat readiness in a complex, multi-threat environment. This large-scale naval exercise, conducted biennially, integrates assets from the Indian Army, Indian Air Force, and the Indian Coast Guard, making it one of the most significant joint military exercises in the region. TROPEX serves as a crucial strategic tool to test, refine, and validate India's maritime security capabilities in both conventional and asymmetric warfare scenarios. It is insufficient to field naval forces prepared to fight the battles of tomorrow with doctrine and weapons designed for the wars of yesterday. As India faces an evolving security landscape marked by maritime disputes, regional instability, and the growing assertion of naval powers in the Indo-Pacific, TROPEX plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational preparedness. The primary objective of a naval offensive is to "exert specific superiority at the point of impact," making it one of the most effective and decisive strategies in maritime warfare and TROPEX is the most efficient way to prove it. This writer aims to explore the importance of TROPEX, its historical evolution, global parallels, and its relevance in modern maritime security dynamics. Watch: India successfully tests indigenous naval missile with precision strike capability Strategic importance of TROPEX TROPEX is designed to assess and enhance the operational readiness of the Indian Navy across multiple warfare domains. Its key objectives include: 1. Operational Readiness Assessment: TROPEX serves as a platform to evaluate the combat capabilities of naval assets, including aircraft carriers, destroyers, frigates, submarines, and maritime patrol aircraft. The exercise ensures that the Indian Navy is prepared to operate in high-intensity combat situations. 2. Joint Force Integration: The exercise fosters synergy between the Indian Navy, Air Force, Army, and Coast Guard. Seamless coordination among these forces is critical for joint maritime operations, especially in the Indo-Pacific, where India seeks to assert its naval dominance. 3. Maritime Domain Awareness: With an emphasis on surveillance and intelligence gathering, TROPEX strengthens India's ability to detect and respond to emerging threats, including piracy, terrorism, and illegal maritime activities. 4. War-Fighting Capability Testing: The exercise simulates real-world scenarios, including anti-submarine warfare, amphibious operations, surface warfare, electronic warfare, and network-centric warfare. These simulations enhance the tactical proficiency of naval personnel and test new doctrines and strategies. 5. Geopolitical Significance: Given the increasing Chinese naval presence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), TROPEX is a strategic deterrent, showcasing India's ability to safeguard its maritime interests and counter potential adversaries. Also read: Explainer: What is the Indian Navy's Tropex-25 exercises? Historical context and evolution of TROPEX TROPEX has evolved significantly since its inception. The Indian Navy has consistently expanded the scope and complexity of the exercise, incorporating advanced warfare strategies, cutting-edge technologies, and participation from allied forces. 1. Early Years: Before TROPEX, the Indian Navy conducted two separate naval exercises, Springex and Summerex, in different parts of the year. These exercises primarily focused on fleet training and tactical development. 2. Unification into TROPEX: Recognising the need for a more comprehensive and integrated approach, the Indian Navy merged Springex and Summerex into a single large-scale exercise, TROPEX, way back in 2005. This transition was to streamline training efforts, enhance joint force coordination, and improve overall combat readiness. It became important to prepare for a two-front war. Further, with an increase in the likelihood of the non-regional forces being involved, it became imperative to cater for all situations. 3. Post-Kargil War Evolution: The 1999 Kargil conflict underscored the need for greater synergy among India’s armed forces. Consequently, TROPEX began incorporating multi-dimensional warfare scenarios. Threats today are multidimensional and are not limited to the power and authority of nation-states. Globalisation and economic interdependence increase the power base of non-state actors and hence require operational manoeuvres at sea to affect land battles. 4. Recent Developments: The latest editions of TROPEX have emphasised network-centric operations, cyber warfare, and integration with space-based assets for enhanced situational awareness. There has been a drastic increase in the use of autonomous and unmanned systems in all three domains: surface, air and underwater. Also read: Video: Indian Navy officers rescued after falling in beach during rehearsal Global equivalents: Single-nation large-scale exercises Several major navies conduct large-scale operational readiness exercises similar to TROPEX. These exercises serve similar purposes: enhancing combat effectiveness, interoperability within their respective branches, and strategic deterrence. Large Scale Exercise (LSE) – United States: Conducted by the US Navy, LSE is a large-scale naval warfighting exercise integrating fleets and joint force elements across multiple maritime theatres. It tests the ability of the US Navy to conduct high-end conflict scenarios and multi-domain operations. Exercise Ocean Explorer – Australia: A comprehensive Royal Australian Navy (RAN) exercise that tests maritime warfare capabilities, focusing on surface warfare, undersea warfare, and amphibious operations. The main aim of the exercise is to develop Navy's task group capability, to operate a number of ships under one commander and focus primarily on sea control operations which can include the full spectrum of maritime security operations from diplomacy and international engagement at one end, through to humanitarian. Northern Edge – United States: A large-scale joint force exercise conducted by the US Navy and Air Force to enhance warfighting capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region. It emphasises complex maritime operations, integrated air defence, and high-intensity conflict scenarios. Exercise Trident Juncture– United Kingdom: The Royal Navy's premier large-scale naval exercise, focusing on carrier strike operations, anti-submarine warfare, and joint amphibious warfare. Trident ensures the UK Navy remains operationally ready for full-spectrum warfare. Since 2014, collective defence has become a more prominent feature of NATO exercises due to the changes in the security landscape. Fleetex – France: A large-scale naval combat readiness exercise conducted by the French Navy to test fleet integration, maritime strike capabilities, and naval power projection. Each of these exercises plays a crucial role in maintaining strategic stability and ensuring that their respective naval forces remain prepared for any maritime contingency. TROPEX and India's evolving maritime strategy India's maritime strategy has seen significant shifts in recent years, with an increasing focus on the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and Indo-Pacific security. With the rise of maritime challenges such as territorial disputes, freedom of navigation concerns, and asymmetric threats like piracy and terrorism, India has recognised the necessity of maintaining an agile, combat-ready navy. Conducting large-scale manoeuvres at sea, such as TROPEX, ensures that the Indian Navy remains prepared to address both traditional and non-traditional security challenges. By refining its operational tactics through realistic maritime exercises, India enhances its ability to safeguard its strategic interests, protect sea lanes of communication, and project power in a contested maritime environment. TROPEX plays a vital role in achieving the following strategic objectives: 1. Strengthening Blue Water Capabilities: As India aspires to be a dominant naval power, TROPEX provides the necessary training to operate beyond coastal waters and project power in distant seas. 2. Countering Regional Threats: With growing concerns over Chinese naval activity in the IOR, the exercise serves as a deterrent, signalling India’s readiness to protect its interests. 3. Enhancing Naval Diplomacy: By conducting bilateral and multilateral exercises alongside TROPEX, India strengthens its naval partnerships and aligns itself with like-minded nations. 4. Bolstering Maritime Security: TROPEX ensures India is well-equipped to counter threats such as piracy, terrorism, and illegal fishing in its waters. Technological Advancements and Future Prospects As warfare rapidly evolves, TROPEX remains at the forefront, integrating cutting-edge technologies and groundbreaking innovations to stay ahead of emerging threats. This exercise gives a dynamic showcase of strategic prowess, where advanced weaponry, state-of-the-art surveillance systems, and next-generation warfare tactics come together in perfect synchronisation. TROPEX not only tests operational readiness but also pushes the boundaries of modern combat, ensuring that naval forces are equipped to dominate an ever-changing battlefield. With each iteration, it redefines the future of maritime defence, making it a spectacle of strength, precision, and technological supremacy. As warfare evolves, TROPEX continues to incorporate cutting-edge technologies and innovations: 1. AI and Big Data Analytics: Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) enhances decision-making in network-centric warfare scenarios. 2. Unmanned Systems: Drones, USVs and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) are increasingly used for surveillance and reconnaissance. 3. Cyber Warfare Capabilities: With cyber threats becoming more sophisticated, TROPEX includes cyber defence strategies to protect critical naval infrastructure. 4. Hypersonic and Precision Strike Weapons: Future editions of TROPEX may focus on integrating hypersonic weapon platforms for rapid strike capabilities. In an era where warfare is constantly evolving, TROPEX stands as a testament to the power of preparation, innovation, and strategic dominance. With each iteration, this premier naval exercise pushes the boundaries of modern combat, integrating cutting-edge technologies, advanced surveillance systems, and next-generation weaponry to ensure operational superiority. It is not merely an exercise; it is a bold declaration that maritime forces are ready to tackle emerging threats with precision and resilience. TROPEX is more than just a test of strength, it is a demonstration of adaptability and foresight. As geopolitical landscapes shift and new challenges arise, this exercise ensures that naval forces remain agile, responsive, and ahead of their adversaries. The fusion of artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and real-time data analytics in warfare underscores the importance of technological supremacy, making TROPEX a catalyst for the future of maritime defence. As the saying goes, "Victory is reserved for those who are willing to pay its price." TROPEX embodies this spirit, ensuring that those who train today will triumph tomorrow. In a world where the seas are both a battleground and a frontier, TROPEX guarantees that those who command the waves will command the future.

TROPEX 2025: Enhancing India's maritime power through theatre-level operational readiness drills

In April 2009, the dramatic rescue of the United States-flagged vessel Maersk Alabama by the US Navy, wherein P3C Orion MR aircraft and ScanEagle Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) secured critical aerial visuals and reconnaissance to facilitate the successful liberation of hostages, once again brought prominence to the vital role of naval aviation in safeguarding maritime security.
The actual role of naval aviation often happens far from the public eye. For India, with an 11,090 kilometre-long coastline, 1,379 islands, and seaborne trade routes handling over 90% of its external trade, with a rise in unconventional asymmetric warfare, Naval Aviation is critical to its maritime safety and security.&nbsp;
From tracking and prosecuting hostile submarines to rescuing stranded fishermen, Indian Naval &ldquo;Flying Frigates&rdquo; quietly but tirelessly surveil India&rsquo;s vast maritime domain, thus ensuring secure seas for unhindered nation&rsquo;s maritime interests during peace as well as war. Over the period, Naval Aviation has grown from being an arm of the Indian Navy in a support role, to being at the forefront of almost all naval activities at high seas.
The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is a strategic chessboard, with rival ambitious powers like China endeavouring to increase their footprint and gain strongholds through vicious initiatives such as the String of Pearls, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), etc. This region harbours almost all areas of India&rsquo;s maritime interests, such as trade, energy security, deep sea mining, scientific explorations, etc. Securing the Indian Ocean Region (surface, sub-surface and airspace)&mdash;spanning over 70 million square kilometres&mdash;with only ships, surface crafts and submarines is implausible. The threat to a naval force or formation transiting to its Area of Operations Approach (AOA) is, more often than not, multi-dimensional (Anti-Surface Warfare, Anti-Submarine Warfare, Anti-Air Warfare, Air and Missile Defence, etc).&nbsp;
This is where Naval Aviation steps in, acting as the Navy&rsquo;s eyes and ears. Aircraft, such as P-8I, MH60R helicopters, Sea Guardian UAVs, etc., surveil and patrol these vast areas, detect and track surface and sub-surface threats, and, if warranted, deliver munitions to neutralise them. With a range of more than 1600 nautical miles and a 10-hour endurance, P-8I aircraft can seamlessly transform from being a scout to a hunter, ensuring a favourable environment and net security in areas of India&rsquo;s maritime interests. Also, India&rsquo;s strategic position in the Indo-Pacific gives it a unique advantage. By enhancing cooperation through initiatives like the QUAD and fostering interoperability with friendly navies through Multilateral and Bilateral exercises, Indian naval aviation can lead efforts to secure the global maritime.
India&rsquo;s 11,090 km coastline handles no less than 90% of its trade by volume, while its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) spans around 2 million square kilometres, rich with resources like oil, gas, and fish. Although piracy and illegal activities in the Indian Ocean have been on a declining curve, thanks to efforts by the Indian Navy, Indian Coast Guard and partner services, hotspots like the Gulf of Aden still demand strict vigilance.
Between 2008 and 2024, the Indian Navy responded to over 41 piracy incidents with its Maritime Reconnaissance assets and integral helicopters playing critical roles, showcasing its commitment to securing maritime trade routes. Platforms like P-8Is, Kamovs (Airborne Early Warning and Anti-Submarine Warfare variants), Dorniers and Sea Guardians have been instrumental in countering these threats. The Indian Navy&rsquo;s newly inducted fleet of MH-60R helicopters, equipped with the latest avionics and sensors, Hellfire missiles and advanced torpedoes, further strengthens its anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities.
Indian Naval Aviation began modestly in May 1953 with Short Sealand and Fairey Firefly aircraft at INAS 550, Kochi, but the commissioning of the first aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant, in 1961 marked a turning point. During the 1971 Indo-Pak War, Vikrant and its Sea Hawk and Alize fighters carried out devastating airstrikes on East Pakistani ports, hastening the creation of Bangladesh. Today, India boasts two aircraft carriers, INS Vikramaditya and the indigenously built INS Vikrant, equipped with MiG-29K fighter jets. These carriers symbolise India&rsquo;s evolution into a blue-water navy capable of power projection beyond its shores.
To meet growing challenges, the Indian Navy is integrating cutting-edge technology, including drones like the MQ-9B Sea-Guardians (HALE RPA), which offer extended surveillance capabilities. Indigenous platforms like the Defence Research and Development Organisation&rsquo;s (DRDO) TAPAS BH-201 and potential carrier-capable Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAVs) signal India&rsquo;s intent to embrace innovation. India&rsquo;s approach focuses on indigenisation.&nbsp;
Platforms like the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Navy and Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) highlight the country&rsquo;s growing capability to build world-class systems, reducing reliance on foreign suppliers. Despite significant progress in capability development, challenges remain. India and its Navy need more improved network-centric aviation infrastructure, including new airbases and maintenance facilities, to support its expanding aviation fleet. Additionally, training programs must evolve to prepare aviators for emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and autonomous systems.
Commander Rahul Verma (Retd) is an Emerging Technology and Prioritisation Scout for a leading Indian Multi-National Corporation, focusing on advancing force modernisation through innovative technological applications and operational concepts. With 21 years as a Naval Aviator, including a distinguished role in the Indian Navy&rsquo;s Technology Development Acceleration Cell, he brings diverse aviation experiences, from Seaking Pilot to RPAS Mission Commander and Flying Instructor.
(Disclaimer: The views of the writer do not represent the views of WION or ZMCL. Nor does WION or ZMCL endorse the views of the writer.)

Opinions & Blogs | India News: For India, with an 11,090 kilometre-long coastline, 1,379 islands, and seaborne trade routes handling over 90% of its external trade, Naval Aviation is critical to its maritime safety and security.

In April 2009, the dramatic rescue of the United States-flagged vessel Maersk Alabama by the US Navy, wherein P3C Orion MR aircraft and ScanEagle Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) secured critical aerial visuals and reconnaissance to facilitate the successful liberation of hostages, once again brought prominence to the vital role of naval aviation in safeguarding maritime security. The actual role of naval aviation often happens far from the public eye. For India, with an 11,090 kilometre-long coastline, 1,379 islands, and seaborne trade routes handling over 90% of its external trade, with a rise in unconventional asymmetric warfare, Naval Aviation is critical to its maritime safety and security. From tracking and prosecuting hostile submarines to rescuing stranded fishermen, Indian Naval “Flying Frigates” quietly but tirelessly surveil India’s vast maritime domain, thus ensuring secure seas for unhindered nation’s maritime interests during peace as well as war. Over the period, Naval Aviation has grown from being an arm of the Indian Navy in a support role, to being at the forefront of almost all naval activities at high seas. The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is a strategic chessboard, with rival ambitious powers like China endeavouring to increase their footprint and gain strongholds through vicious initiatives such as the String of Pearls, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), etc. This region harbours almost all areas of India’s maritime interests, such as trade, energy security, deep sea mining, scientific explorations, etc. Securing the Indian Ocean Region (surface, sub-surface and airspace)—spanning over 70 million square kilometres—with only ships, surface crafts and submarines is implausible. The threat to a naval force or formation transiting to its Area of Operations Approach (AOA) is, more often than not, multi-dimensional (Anti-Surface Warfare, Anti-Submarine Warfare, Anti-Air Warfare, Air and Missile Defence, etc). This is where Naval Aviation steps in, acting as the Navy’s eyes and ears. Aircraft, such as P-8I, MH60R helicopters, Sea Guardian UAVs, etc., surveil and patrol these vast areas, detect and track surface and sub-surface threats, and, if warranted, deliver munitions to neutralise them. With a range of more than 1600 nautical miles and a 10-hour endurance, P-8I aircraft can seamlessly transform from being a scout to a hunter, ensuring a favourable environment and net security in areas of India’s maritime interests. Also, India’s strategic position in the Indo-Pacific gives it a unique advantage. By enhancing cooperation through initiatives like the QUAD and fostering interoperability with friendly navies through Multilateral and Bilateral exercises, Indian naval aviation can lead efforts to secure the global maritime. India’s 11,090 km coastline handles no less than 90% of its trade by volume, while its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) spans around 2 million square kilometres, rich with resources like oil, gas, and fish. Although piracy and illegal activities in the Indian Ocean have been on a declining curve, thanks to efforts by the Indian Navy, Indian Coast Guard and partner services, hotspots like the Gulf of Aden still demand strict vigilance. Between 2008 and 2024, the Indian Navy responded to over 41 piracy incidents with its Maritime Reconnaissance assets and integral helicopters playing critical roles, showcasing its commitment to securing maritime trade routes. Platforms like P-8Is, Kamovs (Airborne Early Warning and Anti-Submarine Warfare variants), Dorniers and Sea Guardians have been instrumental in countering these threats. The Indian Navy’s newly inducted fleet of MH-60R helicopters, equipped with the latest avionics and sensors, Hellfire missiles and advanced torpedoes, further strengthens its anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities. Indian Naval Aviation began modestly in May 1953 with Short Sealand and Fairey Firefly aircraft at INAS 550, Kochi, but the commissioning of the first aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant, in 1961 marked a turning point. During the 1971 Indo-Pak War, Vikrant and its Sea Hawk and Alize fighters carried out devastating airstrikes on East Pakistani ports, hastening the creation of Bangladesh. Today, India boasts two aircraft carriers, INS Vikramaditya and the indigenously built INS Vikrant, equipped with MiG-29K fighter jets. These carriers symbolise India’s evolution into a blue-water navy capable of power projection beyond its shores. To meet growing challenges, the Indian Navy is integrating cutting-edge technology, including drones like the MQ-9B Sea-Guardians (HALE RPA), which offer extended surveillance capabilities. Indigenous platforms like the Defence Research and Development Organisation’s (DRDO) TAPAS BH-201 and potential carrier-capable Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAVs) signal India’s intent to embrace innovation. India’s approach focuses on indigenisation. Platforms like the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Navy and Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) highlight the country’s growing capability to build world-class systems, reducing reliance on foreign suppliers. Despite significant progress in capability development, challenges remain. India and its Navy need more improved network-centric aviation infrastructure, including new airbases and maintenance facilities, to support its expanding aviation fleet. Additionally, training programs must evolve to prepare aviators for emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and autonomous systems. Commander Rahul Verma (Retd) is an Emerging Technology and Prioritisation Scout for a leading Indian Multi-National Corporation, focusing on advancing force modernisation through innovative technological applications and operational concepts. With 21 years as a Naval Aviator, including a distinguished role in the Indian Navy’s Technology Development Acceleration Cell, he brings diverse aviation experiences, from Seaking Pilot to RPAS Mission Commander and Flying Instructor. (Disclaimer: The views of the writer do not represent the views of WION or ZMCL. Nor does WION or ZMCL endorse the views of the writer.)

What’s the role of Indian naval aviation in maritime safety and security?

For the untrained eye, TROPEX&mdash;Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise&mdash;unfolds as a spectacular display of maritime might, captured in vivid imagery of warships slicing through the Indian Ocean, fighter jets carving contrails into the sky, and submarines lurking in the depths, unseen yet formidable. But beyond the press briefings and Distinguished Visitor Days, beyond the images of aircraft carriers and missile firings, lies an intricate, multi-dimensional framework of strategic planning and doctrinal evolution that has propelled the Indian Navy into a globally significant force&mdash;a force that remains largely unsung but is indispensable to ensuring good order at sea.
<h2>From Tactical Drills to Theatre-Level Warfighting</h2>
The Indian Navy&rsquo;s large-scale combat simulations are not new. The seeds of TROPEX were sown decades ago in exercises such as SPRINGEX and SUMMEREX, held through the 1970s and 1980s when the Navy&rsquo;s Eastern and Western Fleets would converge for joint deployments in either the Arabian Sea or Bay of Bengal. These war simulations were crucial in refining fleet tactics and joint strike capabilities, yet they remained largely tactical in scope. In minor versions of these veterans would regale tales of ships exercising together and then split apart into two groups as Red and Blue Navies to engage in a structured scenario!
Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/north-korea-significantly-benefiting-from-its-troops-fighting-in-russia-war-us-at-unsc-8603767" target="_blank" rel="noopener">North Korea 'significantly benefiting' from its troops fighting in Russia war: US at UNSC</a> By the 1990s, these exercises evolved into TACEX (Tactical Exercise), a more complex approach to multi-unit coordination and combat simulations. But the post-1999 era, shaped by the lessons of the Kargil conflict and emerging maritime threats in the Indian Ocean, necessitated a quantum leap from tactical-level engagements to full-scale operational readiness and joint-force synergy. With increasing deployments alongside friendly foreign navies in exercises like Malabar (with the US, Japan, and Australia) and Varuna (with France), India saw the necessity to elevate these exercises to a theatre-level operational scale. TROPEX was born out of this realisation, with Naval Headquarters, doctrine agencies, and the Maritime Warfare Centres playing a pivotal role in its conception and evolution.
<h2>The Unseen Planning Behind TROPEX</h2>
What the public seldom sees is the sheer scale of pre-exercise simulations, wargaming models, and strategic decision-making that underpin TROPEX. While the fleet movements, firepower demonstrations, and joint-force participation make headlines, these are merely the execution phase of an extensive doctrinal and operational design.
At the heart of this process are many professional and intricate concept-led organisations. A key authority is the Flag Officer Doctrine and Concepts (FODC), one of the Indian Navy&rsquo;s most critical yet least-publicised offices. It is here that conceptual requirements for future naval warfare are studied, developed, and validated through advanced wargaming methodologies. Before a single warship sets sail for TROPEX, planners at the Maritime Warfare Centres conduct computational simulations and strategic scenario modeling using cutting-edge AI-driven warfighting models. These simulations test a vast range of possibilities that could include (these are hypothetical): ● &nbsp; &nbsp;How does an Indian carrier battle group operate under cyber-contested environments? ● &nbsp; &nbsp;How effective is joint force power projection over extended operational durations? ● &nbsp; &nbsp;What are the asymmetric threats from maritime hybrid warfare, and how can India counter them? The exercise then progresses in structured phases, starting with command post rehearsals, followed by fleet workups, and culminating in full-spectrum combat scenarios.
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<h2>TROPEX 2025: A Grand Maritime Testbed</h2>
The 2025 edition of TROPEX, currently underway in the Indian Ocean Region, has expanded in scale and reach. Over three months (January-March 2025), the entire spectrum of maritime warfare will be played out, from blue-water carrier battle group operations to littoral combat scenarios involving amphibious forces and joint expeditionary manoeuvres. TROPEX-25 has brought together: ● &nbsp; &nbsp;65 frontline Indian Navy ships, including the two aircraft carriers INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya. ● &nbsp;&nbsp;09 submarines, including the lethal Kalvari-class Scorpene boats. ●&nbsp; &nbsp;Over 80 aircraft, ranging from MiG-29K fighter jets, P-8I Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft, and the formidable MH-60R Seahawks. ● &nbsp; &nbsp;IAF assets, including Su-30 MKIs, Jaguars, AWACS, C-130s, and aerial refuelers, ensuring air-sea battle synchronisation. ● &nbsp; &nbsp;600+ troops from the Indian Army&rsquo;s Infantry Brigade, working on joint amphibious assault missions. ●&nbsp; &nbsp;Indian Coast Guard (ICG) ships and aircraft, contributing to maritime law enforcement and domain awareness.
At its core, TROPEX 25 is a battle lab, a proving ground where the Indian Navy validates its evolving Concept of Operations (CONOPS), enhancing its ability to project power and secure maritime interests in contested waters.
<h2>Why TROPEX 2025 Matters More Than Ever</h2>
The strategic imperatives for TROPEX have never been more pressing. The Indian Ocean has increasingly become the stage for great power competition, as China continues to expand its People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) presence in the region. Reports indicate Chinese naval deployments, spy ships near India&rsquo;s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), and expanding footholds in ports like Gwadar, Djibouti, and Hambantota. With maritime hybrid threats, cyber warfare, and electronic jamming techniques emerging as the new battlefield tools, TROPEX-25 has embedded AI-driven operational frameworks, cyber defence drills, and electronic warfare simulations to prepare for non-traditional threats. The exercise is also refining the forward deployment concept, ensuring that the Navy can sustain operations far from home shores for prolonged durations&mdash;a critical capability for a blue-water force.
Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/tesla-posts-13-job-openings-in-india-after-ceo-elon-musks-meeting-with-pm-modi-8730853" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tesla posts 13 job openings in India after CEO Elon Musk's meeting with PM Modi</a>
<h2>India&rsquo;s Silent Yet Indispensable Naval Power</h2>
Despite its ever-growing capabilities, the Indian Navy remains one of the world&rsquo;s most understated maritime forces. While global powers often trumpet their naval prowess, India continues its silent, methodical build-up of maritime strength, ensuring that the seas remain open and secure&mdash;not just for itself but for the entire region. TROPEX, in essence, is not just an Indian naval exercise. It is a message&mdash;a message of deterrence, readiness, and commitment to a stable Indo-Pacific. It tells allies and adversaries alike that India&rsquo;s maritime shield is up, that its sailors are battle-ready, and that its fleets are prepared to project power, defend sovereignty, and uphold international law at sea. In the coming years, as challenges in the Indian Ocean intensify, exercises like TROPEX will only gain in significance. The oceans are vast, and the threats are real&mdash;but so is India&rsquo;s resolve to keep them secure, anytime, anywhere, and anyhow. (The writer is an Indian Navy Veteran and Adjunct Research Faculty (Strategic &amp; Security Studies) at Naval War College, Goa)
(Disclaimer: The views of the writer do not represent the views of WION or ZMCL. Nor does WION or ZMCL endorse the views of the writer.)

Opinions & Blogs | India News: The strategic imperatives for TROPEX have never been more pressing. The Indian Ocean has increasingly become the stage for great power competition, as China continues to expand its People’s Liberation Army Navy presence.

For the untrained eye, TROPEX—Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise—unfolds as a spectacular display of maritime might, captured in vivid imagery of warships slicing through the Indian Ocean, fighter jets carving contrails into the sky, and submarines lurking in the depths, unseen yet formidable. But beyond the press briefings and Distinguished Visitor Days, beyond the images of aircraft carriers and missile firings, lies an intricate, multi-dimensional framework of strategic planning and doctrinal evolution that has propelled the Indian Navy into a globally significant force—a force that remains largely unsung but is indispensable to ensuring good order at sea. From Tactical Drills to Theatre-Level Warfighting The Indian Navy’s large-scale combat simulations are not new. The seeds of TROPEX were sown decades ago in exercises such as SPRINGEX and SUMMEREX, held through the 1970s and 1980s when the Navy’s Eastern and Western Fleets would converge for joint deployments in either the Arabian Sea or Bay of Bengal. These war simulations were crucial in refining fleet tactics and joint strike capabilities, yet they remained largely tactical in scope. In minor versions of these veterans would regale tales of ships exercising together and then split apart into two groups as Red and Blue Navies to engage in a structured scenario! Also read | North Korea 'significantly benefiting' from its troops fighting in Russia war: US at UNSC By the 1990s, these exercises evolved into TACEX (Tactical Exercise), a more complex approach to multi-unit coordination and combat simulations. But the post-1999 era, shaped by the lessons of the Kargil conflict and emerging maritime threats in the Indian Ocean, necessitated a quantum leap from tactical-level engagements to full-scale operational readiness and joint-force synergy. With increasing deployments alongside friendly foreign navies in exercises like Malabar (with the US, Japan, and Australia) and Varuna (with France), India saw the necessity to elevate these exercises to a theatre-level operational scale. TROPEX was born out of this realisation, with Naval Headquarters, doctrine agencies, and the Maritime Warfare Centres playing a pivotal role in its conception and evolution. The Unseen Planning Behind TROPEX What the public seldom sees is the sheer scale of pre-exercise simulations, wargaming models, and strategic decision-making that underpin TROPEX. While the fleet movements, firepower demonstrations, and joint-force participation make headlines, these are merely the execution phase of an extensive doctrinal and operational design. At the heart of this process are many professional and intricate concept-led organisations. A key authority is the Flag Officer Doctrine and Concepts (FODC), one of the Indian Navy’s most critical yet least-publicised offices. It is here that conceptual requirements for future naval warfare are studied, developed, and validated through advanced wargaming methodologies. Before a single warship sets sail for TROPEX, planners at the Maritime Warfare Centres conduct computational simulations and strategic scenario modeling using cutting-edge AI-driven warfighting models. These simulations test a vast range of possibilities that could include (these are hypothetical): ● How does an Indian carrier battle group operate under cyber-contested environments? ● How effective is joint force power projection over extended operational durations? ● What are the asymmetric threats from maritime hybrid warfare, and how can India counter them? The exercise then progresses in structured phases, starting with command post rehearsals, followed by fleet workups, and culminating in full-spectrum combat scenarios. Also read | US President Donald Trump and Elon Musk's first joint interview to air today - Know all details inside TROPEX 2025: A Grand Maritime Testbed The 2025 edition of TROPEX, currently underway in the Indian Ocean Region, has expanded in scale and reach. Over three months (January-March 2025), the entire spectrum of maritime warfare will be played out, from blue-water carrier battle group operations to littoral combat scenarios involving amphibious forces and joint expeditionary manoeuvres. TROPEX-25 has brought together: ● 65 frontline Indian Navy ships, including the two aircraft carriers INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya. ● 09 submarines, including the lethal Kalvari-class Scorpene boats. ● Over 80 aircraft, ranging from MiG-29K fighter jets, P-8I Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft, and the formidable MH-60R Seahawks. ● IAF assets, including Su-30 MKIs, Jaguars, AWACS, C-130s, and aerial refuelers, ensuring air-sea battle synchronisation. ● 600+ troops from the Indian Army’s Infantry Brigade, working on joint amphibious assault missions. ● Indian Coast Guard (ICG) ships and aircraft, contributing to maritime law enforcement and domain awareness. At its core, TROPEX 25 is a battle lab, a proving ground where the Indian Navy validates its evolving Concept of Operations (CONOPS), enhancing its ability to project power and secure maritime interests in contested waters. Why TROPEX 2025 Matters More Than Ever The strategic imperatives for TROPEX have never been more pressing. The Indian Ocean has increasingly become the stage for great power competition, as China continues to expand its People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) presence in the region. Reports indicate Chinese naval deployments, spy ships near India’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), and expanding footholds in ports like Gwadar, Djibouti, and Hambantota. With maritime hybrid threats, cyber warfare, and electronic jamming techniques emerging as the new battlefield tools, TROPEX-25 has embedded AI-driven operational frameworks, cyber defence drills, and electronic warfare simulations to prepare for non-traditional threats. The exercise is also refining the forward deployment concept, ensuring that the Navy can sustain operations far from home shores for prolonged durations—a critical capability for a blue-water force. Also read | Tesla posts 13 job openings in India after CEO Elon Musk's meeting with PM Modi India’s Silent Yet Indispensable Naval Power Despite its ever-growing capabilities, the Indian Navy remains one of the world’s most understated maritime forces. While global powers often trumpet their naval prowess, India continues its silent, methodical build-up of maritime strength, ensuring that the seas remain open and secure—not just for itself but for the entire region. TROPEX, in essence, is not just an Indian naval exercise. It is a message—a message of deterrence, readiness, and commitment to a stable Indo-Pacific. It tells allies and adversaries alike that India’s maritime shield is up, that its sailors are battle-ready, and that its fleets are prepared to project power, defend sovereignty, and uphold international law at sea. In the coming years, as challenges in the Indian Ocean intensify, exercises like TROPEX will only gain in significance. The oceans are vast, and the threats are real—but so is India’s resolve to keep them secure, anytime, anywhere, and anyhow. (The writer is an Indian Navy Veteran and Adjunct Research Faculty (Strategic & Security Studies) at Naval War College, Goa) (Disclaimer: The views of the writer do not represent the views of WION or ZMCL. Nor does WION or ZMCL endorse the views of the writer.)

Showcasing Strategic Naval Significance with TROPEX 2025

At the Aero India event, Asia's largest aerospace expo, India and the United Kingdom have taken steps to significantly boost defense ties. Defense firms from both nations have forged partnerships across various domains.

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Air power is a crucial component that augments the capabilities of a maritime force. This report gives you a glimpse into how young aviators are trained by the Indian Navy. Watch in for more details!

How Indian Navy trains chopper pilots at INS Rajali

The Indian Navy has multiple naval air bases that India's eastern and western seaboards. Air assets from these naval bases help keep a strict vigil over the Indian Ocean. WION's principal correspondent Sidharth MP brings you this exclusive ground report from INS Rajali. Watch in for more details!

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The Indian Navy has boosted its capabilities by commissioning three advanced naval vessels: INS Surat, INS Nilgiri, and INS Vagsheer, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai. These state-of-the-art ships enhance India’s defence capabilities and mark a significant milestone for the Navy.

India commissions new 'hunter-killer' vessel, ai-enabled warship, stealth frigate | Gravitas

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday said India is becoming a major maritime power and is being recognised as a reliable and responsible partner in the world.
Speaking after the commissioning of three naval warships here, Modi said India has always supported an open, secure, inclusive and prosperous Indo-Pacific region.
A destroyer, a frigate, and a submarine were commissioned together for the first time on Wednesday, he noted, adding that all the three are 'Made in India'.
The 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' initiative has made the country strong and self-reliant, the prime minister said.
"We should become a global partner in securing the sea from drugs, weapons and terrorism and make it safe and prosperous. India is becoming a major maritime power and is being recognised as a reliable and responsible partner," he said.
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
The commissioning of three frontline naval combatants underscores India's unwavering commitment to building a robust and self-reliant defence sector. Watch LIVE from Mumbai. <a href="https://t.co/d1fy14qcrT">https://t.co/d1fy14qcrT</a>
&mdash; Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) <a href="https://twitter.com/narendramodi/status/1879408088672866519?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 15, 2025</a></blockquote>

<script async="" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

In the Indian Ocean region, India has emerged as the "first responder", the prime minister noted.
Modi said India is going to play a major role in giving a direction to the global security, economy and geopolitical dynamics.
'It is important to protect the territorial waters, freedom of navigation, and secure trade supply lines and sea routes,' he said. Modi further said India is working for development, and not expansionism.
He said 33 ships and seven submarines have been inducted into the Navy in the last 10 years.
India's defence production has crossed Rs 1.25 lakh crore and defence equipment have been exported to more than 100 countries, he added.
Earlier in the morning, Indian Navy warships INS Surat, INS Nilgiri and INS Vaghsheer were commissioned at the Naval Dockyard here in the presence of PM Modi.
INS Nilgiri, the lead ship of the Project 17A stealth frigate class, represents a significant advancement over the Shivalik-class frigates.
Designed by the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau and built at the Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), it incorporates advanced features for enhanced survivability, seakeeping and stealth, reflecting the next generation of indigenous frigates.
It features advanced stealth technology and reduced radar signatures. It is equipped with modern aviation facilities and can operate multiple helicopter types, including the newly inducted MH-60R.
INS Surat, the fourth and final vessel of the Project 15B stealth destroyer class, is a follow-on to the Kolkata-class destroyers. It incorporates improvements in design and capability, making it a critical addition to the Navy's surface fleet.
Like INS Nilgiri, it has also been designed by the Warship Design Bureau and constructed at the MDL.
INS Vaghsheer is the sixth and final submarine under the Scorpene-class Project 75. It is a diesel-electric submarine designed for multiple roles, including anti-surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, and intelligence gathering.
It features modular construction, enabling future upgrades such as air independent propulsion technology.
Disclaimer: This story has been published from a news agency feed with minimal edits to adhere to WION's style guide. The headline may have been changed to better reflect the content of the story or to make it more suitable for WION&nbsp;audience.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday said India is becoming a major maritime power and is being recognised as a reliable and responsible partner in the world.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday said India is becoming a major maritime power and is being recognised as a reliable and responsible partner in the world. Speaking after the commissioning of three naval warships here, Modi said India has always supported an open, secure, inclusive and prosperous Indo-Pacific region. A destroyer, a frigate, and a submarine were commissioned together for the first time on Wednesday, he noted, adding that all the three are 'Made in India'. The 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' initiative has made the country strong and self-reliant, the prime minister said. "We should become a global partner in securing the sea from drugs, weapons and terrorism and make it safe and prosperous. India is becoming a major maritime power and is being recognised as a reliable and responsible partner," he said. The commissioning of three frontline naval combatants underscores India's unwavering commitment to building a robust and self-reliant defence sector. Watch LIVE from Mumbai. https://t.co/d1fy14qcrT — Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) January 15, 2025 In the Indian Ocean region, India has emerged as the "first responder", the prime minister noted. Modi said India is going to play a major role in giving a direction to the global security, economy and geopolitical dynamics. 'It is important to protect the territorial waters, freedom of navigation, and secure trade supply lines and sea routes,' he said. Modi further said India is working for development, and not expansionism. He said 33 ships and seven submarines have been inducted into the Navy in the last 10 years. India's defence production has crossed Rs 1.25 lakh crore and defence equipment have been exported to more than 100 countries, he added. Earlier in the morning, Indian Navy warships INS Surat, INS Nilgiri and INS Vaghsheer were commissioned at the Naval Dockyard here in the presence of PM Modi. INS Nilgiri, the lead ship of the Project 17A stealth frigate class, represents a significant advancement over the Shivalik-class frigates. Designed by the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau and built at the Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), it incorporates advanced features for enhanced survivability, seakeeping and stealth, reflecting the next generation of indigenous frigates. It features advanced stealth technology and reduced radar signatures. It is equipped with modern aviation facilities and can operate multiple helicopter types, including the newly inducted MH-60R. INS Surat, the fourth and final vessel of the Project 15B stealth destroyer class, is a follow-on to the Kolkata-class destroyers. It incorporates improvements in design and capability, making it a critical addition to the Navy's surface fleet. Like INS Nilgiri, it has also been designed by the Warship Design Bureau and constructed at the MDL. INS Vaghsheer is the sixth and final submarine under the Scorpene-class Project 75. It is a diesel-electric submarine designed for multiple roles, including anti-surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, and intelligence gathering. It features modular construction, enabling future upgrades such as air independent propulsion technology. Disclaimer: This story has been published from a news agency feed with minimal edits to adhere to WION's style guide. The headline may have been changed to better reflect the content of the story or to make it more suitable for WION audience.

PM Modi inaugurates three ‘Made in India’ Naval combatants: 'India is becoming a major maritime power'

Surat is the first frontline warship of India's Maritime force that is being named after a city in the Western state of Gujarat. The destroyer-class warship of the Indian Navy will be commissioned into the force on January 15. The commissioning ceremony marks the formal induction of the ship into the force. Once commissioned, the ship will earn the INS-prefix, and thereafter be known as INS Surat (Indian Naval Ship Surat). Surat will be commissioned along with Nilgiri, a stealth frigate, and diesel-electric submarine Vagsheer, in Mumbai.&nbsp;
<h2>The significance behind the name - Surat&nbsp;</h2>
The city of Surat was among the most important maritime trade links between India and many other countries from the 16th to the 18th century. The city was also a flourishing centre for ship building activities and the vessels built in Surat, during this period, were especially renowned for their longevity as some ships had remained in service for more than 100 years.&nbsp;
In line with maritime traditions, many Indian warships have been named after prominent cities. We are immensely proud of naming the latest and the technologically most advanced warship after the city of Surat, said the Indian Navy. This is the first frontline warship to be named after a city of Gujarat. Similarly, in late 2023, the crest(unique emblem of the warship) of Surat was unveiled in the very city after which it has been named, marking a first.&nbsp;
<h2>The Crest of Surat</h2>
The crest of Surat depicts the famous lighthouse at Hazira (Surat), located at southern entrance of the Gulf of Khambhat. Built in 1836, this lighthouse was one of the first lighthouses in India. The Asiatic lion on the crest, which is also the state animal of Gujarat, symbolises the ship&rsquo;s majesty and strength. Equipped with the latest advancements in naval warfare technology and combat capabilities, the warship Surat stands as a powerful embodiment of the navy&rsquo;s commitment to maritime security and national defence. This is well depicted by the wavy sea depicted on the crest.&nbsp;
Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/prime-minister-narendra-modi-visit-france-macron-8608790" rel="dofollow noopener" target="_blank">PM Modi to visit France, announces Macron</a>
<h2>About INS Surat&nbsp;</h2>
The fourth ship of the indigenously designed and constructed Project 15B (Vishakhapatnam Class) destroyers, Surat represents a remarkable leap in naval technology and capabilities. The ship has been constructed using innovative block construction methodology, wherein the ship's hull has been assembled at different geographical locations before being integrated at the Mazagaon Dock Limited (MDL) in Mumbai. While also highlighting intricate precision and engineering excellence, this methodology underscores the growing refinement of India&rsquo;s shipbuilding prowess.
Surat has a displacement of 7,400 tons, is 163 meters long, and can sail at a top speed of nearly 60kmph. The ship has a maximum range of 15,000 km. This warship features a high level of automation and use of advanced technologies, which means that the ship can function with lesser number of crew when compared to a similar-sized warship of a previous generation .
Project 15B follows the success of the Project 15A (Kolkata Class) and serves as a testament to India&rsquo;s steadily growing naval prowess. Construction of the warship Surat exemplifies the nation&rsquo;s dedication to indigenous cutting-edge maritime technology and commitment to strategic military advancements. Notably, Surat is the seventh and the last of the Project 15 destroyers. The initial ships built in this Project 15A series are INS Kolkata, Kochi, Chennai. These were followed by the Project 15B series that includes INS Visakhapatnam, Imphal, Mormugao and Surat.
Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/singapore-prez-tharman-to-visit-india-from-14th-to-18th-january-8608590" rel="dofollow noopener" target="_blank">Singapore Prez Tharman to visit India from 14th to 18th January</a>
<h2>A warship capable of undertaking multi-domain warfare</h2>
As a destroyer-class warship, Surat is capable of engaging aerial targets, surface targets, underwater targets, while also undertaking electronic warfare. It is equipped with the highly sophisticated Israel Aerospace Industries Elta MF-STAR radar that can track both air and surface targets and provide fire control guidance. MF-STAR is an acronym fo Multi-Function Surveillance, Track And Guidance Radar.
Surat can launch the Indo-Russian Brahmos supersonic cruise missiles, and the Indo-Israeli Medium-range Surface to Air Missile(MR-SAM), which is used against aircraft, drones, incoming missiles. The ship is equipped with a 76 mm OTO Melara naval gun and four AK-630M Close-In Weapon Systems for self-defence.
The destroyer is also equipped with torpedoes and countermeasures for both torpedoes and missiles. The ship is designed to carry two medium-sized helicopters such as the SeaKing, ALH Dhruv, MH-60 Romeo variants operated by the Indian Navy. &nbsp;

News India | The fourth ship of the indigenously designed and constructed Project 15B (Vishakhapatnam Class) destroyers, Surat represents a remarkable leap in naval technology and capabilities.

Surat is the first frontline warship of India's Maritime force that is being named after a city in the Western state of Gujarat. The destroyer-class warship of the Indian Navy will be commissioned into the force on January 15. The commissioning ceremony marks the formal induction of the ship into the force. Once commissioned, the ship will earn the INS-prefix, and thereafter be known as INS Surat (Indian Naval Ship Surat). Surat will be commissioned along with Nilgiri, a stealth frigate, and diesel-electric submarine Vagsheer, in Mumbai. The significance behind the name - Surat The city of Surat was among the most important maritime trade links between India and many other countries from the 16th to the 18th century. The city was also a flourishing centre for ship building activities and the vessels built in Surat, during this period, were especially renowned for their longevity as some ships had remained in service for more than 100 years. In line with maritime traditions, many Indian warships have been named after prominent cities. We are immensely proud of naming the latest and the technologically most advanced warship after the city of Surat, said the Indian Navy. This is the first frontline warship to be named after a city of Gujarat. Similarly, in late 2023, the crest(unique emblem of the warship) of Surat was unveiled in the very city after which it has been named, marking a first. The Crest of Surat The crest of Surat depicts the famous lighthouse at Hazira (Surat), located at southern entrance of the Gulf of Khambhat. Built in 1836, this lighthouse was one of the first lighthouses in India. The Asiatic lion on the crest, which is also the state animal of Gujarat, symbolises the ship’s majesty and strength. Equipped with the latest advancements in naval warfare technology and combat capabilities, the warship Surat stands as a powerful embodiment of the navy’s commitment to maritime security and national defence. This is well depicted by the wavy sea depicted on the crest. Also Read: PM Modi to visit France, announces Macron About INS Surat The fourth ship of the indigenously designed and constructed Project 15B (Vishakhapatnam Class) destroyers, Surat represents a remarkable leap in naval technology and capabilities. The ship has been constructed using innovative block construction methodology, wherein the ship's hull has been assembled at different geographical locations before being integrated at the Mazagaon Dock Limited (MDL) in Mumbai. While also highlighting intricate precision and engineering excellence, this methodology underscores the growing refinement of India’s shipbuilding prowess. Surat has a displacement of 7,400 tons, is 163 meters long, and can sail at a top speed of nearly 60kmph. The ship has a maximum range of 15,000 km. This warship features a high level of automation and use of advanced technologies, which means that the ship can function with lesser number of crew when compared to a similar-sized warship of a previous generation . Project 15B follows the success of the Project 15A (Kolkata Class) and serves as a testament to India’s steadily growing naval prowess. Construction of the warship Surat exemplifies the nation’s dedication to indigenous cutting-edge maritime technology and commitment to strategic military advancements. Notably, Surat is the seventh and the last of the Project 15 destroyers. The initial ships built in this Project 15A series are INS Kolkata, Kochi, Chennai. These were followed by the Project 15B series that includes INS Visakhapatnam, Imphal, Mormugao and Surat. Also Read: Singapore Prez Tharman to visit India from 14th to 18th January A warship capable of undertaking multi-domain warfare As a destroyer-class warship, Surat is capable of engaging aerial targets, surface targets, underwater targets, while also undertaking electronic warfare. It is equipped with the highly sophisticated Israel Aerospace Industries Elta MF-STAR radar that can track both air and surface targets and provide fire control guidance. MF-STAR is an acronym fo Multi-Function Surveillance, Track And Guidance Radar. Surat can launch the Indo-Russian Brahmos supersonic cruise missiles, and the Indo-Israeli Medium-range Surface to Air Missile(MR-SAM), which is used against aircraft, drones, incoming missiles. The ship is equipped with a 76 mm OTO Melara naval gun and four AK-630M Close-In Weapon Systems for self-defence. The destroyer is also equipped with torpedoes and countermeasures for both torpedoes and missiles. The ship is designed to carry two medium-sized helicopters such as the SeaKing, ALH Dhruv, MH-60 Romeo variants operated by the Indian Navy.

INS Surat - First frontline Indian warship named after a city in Gujarat

Indian Navy's newest stealth destroyer- INS Surat, to be commissioned on January 15

INS Surat to be commissioned on January 15

As the year 2024 comes to an end, firming up relationships with Africa, from Naval cooperation to high-level visits, was one of the key focus areas for the policymakers in Delhi. When it comes to the Indian Navy, they were involved in port calls, joint exercises, goodwill visits and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) support to the continent.&nbsp;
Indian Navy Ship INS Tir and INS Sujata visited Mozambique and Tanzania in March to participate in the second edition of the India-Mozambique-Tanzania (IMT) Trilateral Exercise. Additionally, INS Gharial visited Mozambique in November 2024, where the Indian Navy handed over two Fast Interceptor Crafts to the Mozambican Armed Forces, enhancing maritime security for the southeast African country.
INS Sunayna visited Seychelles in June, a visit that coincided with Seychelles' 48th National Day, in which an Indian Navy contingent participated. In September, INS Talwar&rsquo;s port visit to Mombasa facilitated professional exchanges and joint exercises with the Kenyan Navy. This was followed by its participation in IBSAMAR VIII exercises in October, a trilateral exercise between India, Brazil, and South Africa in Simon&rsquo;s Town, reinforcing cross-continent multilateral maritime cooperation (Asia-Africa-South America). INS Sarvekshak, India's hydrographic survey vessel, visited Mauritius in December, and INS Tushil, a Russia-made Indian Navy ship commissioned by Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, visited Kaliningrad in December.
The Indian Navy, essentially seen as a projection of India's maritime and diplomatic power, is critical to the Indian government's SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) policy. The SAGAR policy aims to enhance maritime security, support economic growth, and increase engagements in the Indian Ocean Region.
As part of the SAGAR policy, the Indian Navy has been helping in training and capacity building. Initiatives include training African naval officers in surveillance operations in large maritime areas, search and rescue (SAR), and counter-piracy operations. The Navy has been involved in joint surveillance missions with countries like Mozambique and Tanzania. With India's support, radar networks in countries like the Seychelles and Mauritius have been set up to enhance maritime domain awareness.&nbsp;
The Indian Navy&rsquo;s role extends beyond security to humanitarian assistance. Its rapid response during natural disasters shows India is a reliable partner, not only in the region but wider Indian Ocean, from Africa to ASEAN. After Cyclone Hidaya this year, which caused significant flooding in Kenya, INS Sumedha, which was deployed for anti-piracy operations off Somalia, was diverted to deliver food, relief, and medicine supplies to the flood victims.
Not just naval cooperation, but it was a year of high-level engagements between the two sides. President Droupadi Murmu visited Algeria, Mauritania, and Malawi in October 2024. In November, PM Modi visited Nigeria, with an emphasis on defence and energy ties. The visit to Nigeria by an Indian Prime Minister came after a gap of 17 years. Earlier this year, Mozambique's President Nyusi visited Gujarat to attend the Vibrant Gujarat Summit. Next year is expected to be more active, with the India-Africa summit scheduled to take place. The last and third edition of the India Africa Forum Summit took place in Delhi in 2015.
Africa today is among the fastest-growing regions of the world, with a young population and natural resources. India has had a historic relationship with the continent, from the joint struggle against colonialism to working in the contemporary world. In fact, India has been a strong supporter of African presence at the reformed United Nations Security Council, and it was at the Delhi G20 summit that the African Union became part of the megaeconomic grouping.

World | India News: The Indian Navy, seen as a projection of India's maritime and diplomatic power, is critical to the Indian government's SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) policy. 

As the year 2024 comes to an end, firming up relationships with Africa, from Naval cooperation to high-level visits, was one of the key focus areas for the policymakers in Delhi. When it comes to the Indian Navy, they were involved in port calls, joint exercises, goodwill visits and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) support to the continent. Indian Navy Ship INS Tir and INS Sujata visited Mozambique and Tanzania in March to participate in the second edition of the India-Mozambique-Tanzania (IMT) Trilateral Exercise. Additionally, INS Gharial visited Mozambique in November 2024, where the Indian Navy handed over two Fast Interceptor Crafts to the Mozambican Armed Forces, enhancing maritime security for the southeast African country. INS Sunayna visited Seychelles in June, a visit that coincided with Seychelles' 48th National Day, in which an Indian Navy contingent participated. In September, INS Talwar’s port visit to Mombasa facilitated professional exchanges and joint exercises with the Kenyan Navy. This was followed by its participation in IBSAMAR VIII exercises in October, a trilateral exercise between India, Brazil, and South Africa in Simon’s Town, reinforcing cross-continent multilateral maritime cooperation (Asia-Africa-South America). INS Sarvekshak, India's hydrographic survey vessel, visited Mauritius in December, and INS Tushil, a Russia-made Indian Navy ship commissioned by Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, visited Kaliningrad in December. The Indian Navy, essentially seen as a projection of India's maritime and diplomatic power, is critical to the Indian government's SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) policy. The SAGAR policy aims to enhance maritime security, support economic growth, and increase engagements in the Indian Ocean Region. As part of the SAGAR policy, the Indian Navy has been helping in training and capacity building. Initiatives include training African naval officers in surveillance operations in large maritime areas, search and rescue (SAR), and counter-piracy operations. The Navy has been involved in joint surveillance missions with countries like Mozambique and Tanzania. With India's support, radar networks in countries like the Seychelles and Mauritius have been set up to enhance maritime domain awareness. The Indian Navy’s role extends beyond security to humanitarian assistance. Its rapid response during natural disasters shows India is a reliable partner, not only in the region but wider Indian Ocean, from Africa to ASEAN. After Cyclone Hidaya this year, which caused significant flooding in Kenya, INS Sumedha, which was deployed for anti-piracy operations off Somalia, was diverted to deliver food, relief, and medicine supplies to the flood victims. Not just naval cooperation, but it was a year of high-level engagements between the two sides. President Droupadi Murmu visited Algeria, Mauritania, and Malawi in October 2024. In November, PM Modi visited Nigeria, with an emphasis on defence and energy ties. The visit to Nigeria by an Indian Prime Minister came after a gap of 17 years. Earlier this year, Mozambique's President Nyusi visited Gujarat to attend the Vibrant Gujarat Summit. Next year is expected to be more active, with the India-Africa summit scheduled to take place. The last and third edition of the India Africa Forum Summit took place in Delhi in 2015. Africa today is among the fastest-growing regions of the world, with a young population and natural resources. India has had a historic relationship with the continent, from the joint struggle against colonialism to working in the contemporary world. In fact, India has been a strong supporter of African presence at the reformed United Nations Security Council, and it was at the Delhi G20 summit that the African Union became part of the megaeconomic grouping.

Rewind 2024: India expands ties with Africa with naval cooperation, high-level visits

At least 13 people were killed after an Indian Navy speedboat crashed into a ferry off the Mumbai coast on Wednesday. Watch this report for more details!

Mumbai: 13 Dead As Indian Navy Boat Rams Into Civil Ferry

Indian Navy Boat Crashes Into Civil Ferry Off Mumbai, 13 Killed

New Delhi, India
India will be commissioning the hydrographic survey ship INS Nirdeshak on Wednesday (Dec 18) which will increase India's capabilities in hydrographic surveys not only for its own maritime interests but also for countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The primary function of the ship will be to conduct comprehensive hydrographic surveys, which include both coastal and deep-water surveys of ports, navigational channels, and maritime limits. It has been fitted with cutting-edge hydrographic survey technologies, including a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) that delivers highly precise and detailed seabed mapping, an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) enabling survey missions to be conducted in remote and challenging areas and a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for inspecting underwater structures. 
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Given that the vessel can stay for a long time in the high seas, it has enhanced operational reach. Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) in Kolkata, INS Nirdeshak has significant indigenous content. Not only can it access and operate in strategic and remote areas of the Indian Ocean Region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands but can help countries like Maldives, Sri Lanka and Seychelles. 
India has had a history of supporting neighbouring maritime countries with HydroGraphic surveys. During the visit of Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Disanayaka to India, both sides agreed to firm up cooperation in hydrography. Delhi has provided substantial hydrographic assistance to Mauritius, particularly since the 1990s. This assistance has included charting the vast Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Mauritius, capacity building, and setting up a hydrographic unit for skill development among Mauritian hydrographers. India's National Hydrographic Office has also assisted countries like Kenya, Mozambique, Oman, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania with hydrographic surveys. 
Hydrographic surveys are vital for enhancing maritime safety by identifying navigational hazards, updating nautical charts, and supporting the global shipping industry. By providing these services to regional states, India reinforces its role as a preferred maritime partner. Many developing coastal nations lack the necessary resources or expertise for hydrographic mapping.
Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/bjp-congress-issue-whips-as-one-nation-one-election-bill-hits-lok-sabha-today-784547">BJP, Congress issue whips as 'One Nation, One Election' bill hits Lok Sabha today</a>
INS Nirdeshak will bridge this gap by conducting foreign cooperation surveys and delivering accurate charts and data, essential for economic growth and national development. The vessel’s surveys will support sustainable fisheries, offshore energy development, and climate change impact assessments, which are critical for the well-being of regional communities.
The deployment of INS Nirdeshak will deepen India’s hydrographic collaboration within frameworks such as the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and BIMSTEC. Regular joint hydrographic missions and training programs will enhance interoperability and trust among regional navies. The vessel can be utilized to train personnel from neighbouring countries in hydrographic surveying, fostering self-reliance and technical expertise.  Additionally, the ship’s advanced technology and capability to function as a Hospital Ship enable it to assist in post-disaster recovery efforts, such as underwater debris removal and the restoration of navigation channels.

The primary function of the ship will be to conduct comprehensive hydrographic surveys, which include both coastal and deep-water surveys of ports, navigational channels, and maritime limits



New Delhi, India India will be commissioning the hydrographic survey ship INS Nirdeshak on Wednesday (Dec 18) which will increase India's capabilities in hydrographic surveys not only for its own maritime interests but also for countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The primary function of the ship will be to conduct comprehensive hydrographic surveys, which include both coastal and deep-water surveys of ports, navigational channels, and maritime limits. It has been fitted with cutting-edge hydrographic survey technologies, including a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) that delivers highly precise and detailed seabed mapping, an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) enabling survey missions to be conducted in remote and challenging areas and a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for inspecting underwater structures. Also read | 'Assault on basic structure of Constitution': Congress slams 'One Nation, One Election' bill in Lok Sabha Given that the vessel can stay for a long time in the high seas, it has enhanced operational reach. Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) in Kolkata, INS Nirdeshak has significant indigenous content. Not only can it access and operate in strategic and remote areas of the Indian Ocean Region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands but can help countries like Maldives, Sri Lanka and Seychelles. India has had a history of supporting neighbouring maritime countries with HydroGraphic surveys. During the visit of Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Disanayaka to India, both sides agreed to firm up cooperation in hydrography. Delhi has provided substantial hydrographic assistance to Mauritius, particularly since the 1990s. This assistance has included charting the vast Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Mauritius, capacity building, and setting up a hydrographic unit for skill development among Mauritian hydrographers. India's National Hydrographic Office has also assisted countries like Kenya, Mozambique, Oman, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania with hydrographic surveys. Hydrographic surveys are vital for enhancing maritime safety by identifying navigational hazards, updating nautical charts, and supporting the global shipping industry. By providing these services to regional states, India reinforces its role as a preferred maritime partner. Many developing coastal nations lack the necessary resources or expertise for hydrographic mapping. Also read | BJP, Congress issue whips as 'One Nation, One Election' bill hits Lok Sabha today INS Nirdeshak will bridge this gap by conducting foreign cooperation surveys and delivering accurate charts and data, essential for economic growth and national development. The vessel’s surveys will support sustainable fisheries, offshore energy development, and climate change impact assessments, which are critical for the well-being of regional communities. The deployment of INS Nirdeshak will deepen India’s hydrographic collaboration within frameworks such as the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and BIMSTEC. Regular joint hydrographic missions and training programs will enhance interoperability and trust among regional navies. The vessel can be utilized to train personnel from neighbouring countries in hydrographic surveying, fostering self-reliance and technical expertise. Additionally, the ship’s advanced technology and capability to function as a Hospital Ship enable it to assist in post-disaster recovery efforts, such as underwater debris removal and the restoration of navigation channels.

India to commission INS Nirdeshak on Dec 18, will boost maritime partnerships in IOR  

India will be commissioning the hydrographic survey ship INS Nirdeshak on Wednesday (Dec 18) which will increase India's capabilities in hydrographic surveys not only for its own maritime interests but also for countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The primary function of the ship will be to conduct comprehensive hydrographic surveys, which include both coastal and deep-water surveys of ports, navigational channels, and maritime limits. It has been fitted with cutting-edge hydrographic survey technologies, including a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) that delivers highly precise and detailed seabed mapping, an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) enabling survey missions to be conducted in remote and challenging areas and a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for inspecting underwater structures.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/congress-slams-one-nation-one-election-bill-in-lok-sabha-784576">'Assault on basic structure of Constitution': Congress slams 'One Nation, One Election' bill in Lok Sabha</a>

Given that the vessel can stay for a long time in the high seas, it has enhanced operational reach. Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) in Kolkata, INS Nirdeshak has significant indigenous content. Not only can it access and operate in strategic and remote areas of the Indian Ocean Region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands but can help countries like Maldives, Sri Lanka and Seychelles.&nbsp;

India has had a history of supporting neighbouring maritime countries with HydroGraphic surveys. During the visit of Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Disanayaka to India, both sides agreed to firm up cooperation in hydrography. Delhi has provided substantial hydrographic assistance to Mauritius, particularly since the 1990s. This assistance has included charting the vast Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Mauritius, capacity building, and setting up a hydrographic unit for skill development among Mauritian hydrographers. India's National Hydrographic Office has also assisted countries like Kenya, Mozambique, Oman, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania with hydrographic surveys.&nbsp;

Hydrographic surveys are vital for enhancing maritime safety by identifying navigational hazards, updating nautical charts, and supporting the global shipping industry. By providing these services to regional states, India reinforces its role as a preferred maritime partner. Many developing coastal nations lack the necessary resources or expertise for hydrographic mapping.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/bjp-congress-issue-whips-as-one-nation-one-election-bill-hits-lok-sabha-today-784547">BJP, Congress issue whips as 'One Nation, One Election' bill hits Lok Sabha today</a>

INS Nirdeshak will bridge this gap by conducting foreign cooperation surveys and delivering accurate charts and data, essential for economic growth and national development. The vessel’s surveys will support sustainable fisheries, offshore energy development, and climate change impact assessments, which are critical for the well-being of regional communities.

The deployment of INS Nirdeshak will deepen India’s hydrographic collaboration within frameworks such as the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and BIMSTEC. Regular joint hydrographic missions and training programs will enhance interoperability and trust among regional navies. The vessel can be utilized to train personnel from neighbouring countries in hydrographic surveying, fostering self-reliance and technical expertise. &nbsp;Additionally, the ship’s advanced technology and capability to function as a Hospital Ship enable it to assist in post-disaster recovery efforts, such as underwater debris removal and the restoration of navigation channels.

India will be commissioning the hydrographic survey ship INS Nirdeshak on Wednesday (Dec 18) which will increase India's capabilities in hydrographic surveys not only for its own maritime interests but also for countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

India will be commissioning the hydrographic survey ship INS Nirdeshak on Wednesday (Dec 18) which will increase India's capabilities in hydrographic surveys not only for its own maritime interests but also for countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The primary function of the ship will be to conduct comprehensive hydrographic surveys, which include both coastal and deep-water surveys of ports, navigational channels, and maritime limits. It has been fitted with cutting-edge hydrographic survey technologies, including a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) that delivers highly precise and detailed seabed mapping, an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) enabling survey missions to be conducted in remote and challenging areas and a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for inspecting underwater structures. Also read | 'Assault on basic structure of Constitution': Congress slams 'One Nation, One Election' bill in Lok Sabha Given that the vessel can stay for a long time in the high seas, it has enhanced operational reach. Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) in Kolkata, INS Nirdeshak has significant indigenous content. Not only can it access and operate in strategic and remote areas of the Indian Ocean Region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands but can help countries like Maldives, Sri Lanka and Seychelles. India has had a history of supporting neighbouring maritime countries with HydroGraphic surveys. During the visit of Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Disanayaka to India, both sides agreed to firm up cooperation in hydrography. Delhi has provided substantial hydrographic assistance to Mauritius, particularly since the 1990s. This assistance has included charting the vast Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Mauritius, capacity building, and setting up a hydrographic unit for skill development among Mauritian hydrographers. India's National Hydrographic Office has also assisted countries like Kenya, Mozambique, Oman, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania with hydrographic surveys. Hydrographic surveys are vital for enhancing maritime safety by identifying navigational hazards, updating nautical charts, and supporting the global shipping industry. By providing these services to regional states, India reinforces its role as a preferred maritime partner. Many developing coastal nations lack the necessary resources or expertise for hydrographic mapping. Also read | BJP, Congress issue whips as 'One Nation, One Election' bill hits Lok Sabha today INS Nirdeshak will bridge this gap by conducting foreign cooperation surveys and delivering accurate charts and data, essential for economic growth and national development. The vessel’s surveys will support sustainable fisheries, offshore energy development, and climate change impact assessments, which are critical for the well-being of regional communities. The deployment of INS Nirdeshak will deepen India’s hydrographic collaboration within frameworks such as the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and BIMSTEC. Regular joint hydrographic missions and training programs will enhance interoperability and trust among regional navies. The vessel can be utilized to train personnel from neighbouring countries in hydrographic surveying, fostering self-reliance and technical expertise. Additionally, the ship’s advanced technology and capability to function as a Hospital Ship enable it to assist in post-disaster recovery efforts, such as underwater debris removal and the restoration of navigation channels.

India’s naval capabilities are surging with the INS Vikrant, its domestically-built aircraft carrier, now fully operational. Watch this report for more details!

INS Vikrant Gets Navy's Operational Clearance | GRAVITAS

The maritime domain is undergoing a paradigm shift, driven by the relentless pace of technological advancement. The interplay of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum Computing stands at the forefront of this transformation, offering unprecedented opportunities to redefine naval capabilities.

The maritime domain is undergoing a paradigm shift, driven by the relentless pace of technological advancement. The interplay of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum Computing stands at the forefront of this transformation, offering unprecedented opportunities to redefine naval capabilities. These cutting-edge technologies are poised to enhance decision-making, optimize operations, and create resilient systems capable of addressing the evolving challenges of modern naval warfare. For a nation like India, whose maritime strategy is pivotal to its economic and security interests, the integration of AI and Quantum technologies within the naval framework is not merely an aspiration but a strategic imperative. AI and Quantum Computing represent a confluence of possibilities, from enabling predictive analytics for asset maintenance to fostering autonomous decision-making in complex scenarios. AI's ability to process and analyze vast amounts of data in real time complements the precision and computational power of Quantum systems, promising breakthroughs in navigation, communication, and threat detection. For the Indian Navy, these advancements offer a dual advantage,ie, strengthening its deterrence posture against adversaries and ensuring its operational edge in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). As these technologies mature, they will shape a future where India's maritime forces can operate with agility, precision, and resilience amidst a rapidly evolving global security environment. The Strategic Imperative The evolving maritime landscape, shaped by growing geopolitical competition and rapid technological advances, demands a transformative approach to naval capabilities. For the Indian Navy, the imperative to embrace emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum Computing is not just about modernization, it is about securing strategic dominance in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), a critical lifeline for global trade and India's economic prosperity. The increasing presence of adversarial powers, coupled with asymmetric threats such as cyber-attacks and autonomous weapon systems, underscores the urgency of this shift. AI and Quantum technologies offer complementary advantages that can redefine naval operations. AI’s ability to analyze vast datasets in real-time supports faster, more accurate decision-making, enhancing capabilities such as anti-submarine warfare, predictive maintenance, and swarm operations. Quantum Computing, on the other hand, introduces unparalleled precision and computational power, enabling breakthroughs in secure communication, navigation in GPS-denied environments, and materials optimization for naval platforms. Together, these technologies provide a dual benefit: augmenting offensive capabilities to deter adversaries and fortifying defensive systems to ensure resilience under duress. For the Indian Navy, integrating these technologies is a strategic necessity to address both traditional and non-traditional threats. It ensures not only dominance in high-stakes scenarios but also the flexibility to operate effectively across the vast and complex maritime domain of the IOR. Achieving this vision requires a cohesive strategy, blending investment in R&D, indigenous development, and international collaboration, alongside a focused effort to train personnel in managing these advanced systems. The Indian Navy's ability to anticipate and adapt to these technological imperatives will determine its role as a credible maritime force in an era defined by innovation and uncertainty. AI and Naval Warfare. AI empowers naval forces by enabling faster data processing and decision-making. In a high-stakes environment, the ability to analyze sensor inputs, identify threats, and recommend actions in real-time provides a decisive advantage. For instance: AI-based algorithms are enhancing Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) by sifting through vast sonar data to detect elusive submarine threats. Predictive maintenance using AI extends the operational readiness of ships by foreseeing component failures before they occur. Swarm robotics enables fleets of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) to conduct coordinated reconnaissance and surveillance missions. Quantum Technologies. While nascent, quantum computing offers potential breakthroughs in several naval domains: Quantum Sensing could revolutionize navigation and communication in GPS-denied environments, enabling submarines to operate more effectively without surfacing. Quantum Cryptography ensures secure communication channels, immune to conventional hacking techniques. Quantum-enabled simulation and optimization algorithms enhance strategic planning, logistics, and multi-domain operations. Key Applications in the Indian Context The Indian Navy stands at the cusp of leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum technologies to redefine its strategic capabilities. These technologies offer groundbreaking solutions to some of the most pressing operational challenges faced in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), enhancing the Navy’s ability to project power, secure critical trade routes, and counter emerging threats effectively. Submarine Detection and Tracking: The vast expanse of the IOR presents a unique challenge in detecting stealthy adversaries, particularly advanced submarines deployed by the Chinese Navy. AI-powered algorithms, when integrated with sophisticated sonar systems and magnetic anomaly detectors, have the potential to transform submarine warfare. By processing massive volumes of acoustic and electromagnetic data, these algorithms can differentiate between natural oceanic noise and weak signals emanating from submarines. This capability not only enhances detection but also reduces the cognitive load on human operators, allowing for quicker and more precise threat assessments. Such advancements are crucial in maintaining undersea superiority, especially in an environment characterized by increasing submarine activity and complex acoustic conditions. Resilient Navigation Systems: Traditional navigation systems reliant on GPS are highly vulnerable to jamming and spoofing,threats that are likely to escalate in future conflicts. Quantum Inertial Navigation Systems (QINS) offer a groundbreaking alternative, enabling accurate and autonomous navigation without external signals. By leveraging ultra-sensitive quantum accelerometers and gyroscopes, QINS can provide submarines and surface vessels with precise positioning data over extended periods, even in GPS-denied environments such as deep underwater or during electronic warfare scenarios. For the Indian Navy, this technology represents a vital step toward achieving operational resilience, particularly during high-stakes missions in contested areas. Enhanced Cybersecurity: In an era where cyber threats pose an existential risk to national security, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) emerges as a cornerstone of secure naval communication. By exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics, QKD ensures that any attempt to intercept or tamper with encrypted communication is immediately detectable. For the Indian Navy, adopting QKD-based secure networks can fortify mission-critical systems, safeguarding classified information from both conventional and quantum computer-enabled cyberattacks. As adversaries like China and other global players make significant strides in quantum computing, early adoption of QKD will ensure India’s naval operations remain secure against future technological disruptions. Swarm Operations with AI: The vastness of the Indian Ocean demands innovative solutions for maritime domain awareness, and AI-driven swarm operations offer a transformative approach. By orchestrating fleets of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs), the Indian Navy can achieve unparalleled coverage and responsiveness. These autonomous systems can execute synchronized missions, such as surveillance, reconnaissance, and anti-submarine warfare, at a fraction of the cost of deploying traditional assets. Furthermore, AI enables real-time data sharing and decision-making within these swarms, ensuring adaptability and effectiveness even in dynamic threat environments. The ability to deploy AI-powered swarms not only enhances situational awareness but also provides a credible deterrence against asymmetric threats, making it a critical capability for securing India's maritime interests. By integrating these advanced applications into its operational framework, the Indian Navy can transform its approach to maritime security and sustain its strategic edge in an increasingly contested and technology-driven maritime domain. Challenges and the Way Forward The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum technologies into naval operations presents an extraordinary opportunity to redefine the Indian Navy's capabilities. However, realizing this vision requires overcoming several key challenges, each demanding a deliberate and strategic approach. Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs). Despite their promise, AI and Quantum technologies are still in varying stages of maturity, with most applications falling within the experimental or early prototyping phases. Bridging this gap to achieve full operational deployment requires sustained investments in research, development, and testing. For example, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems and Quantum Inertial Navigation Systems (QINS) demand advanced engineering and miniaturization to meet the rugged requirements of naval environments. Similarly, AI systems must be trained on vast, high-quality datasets to ensure reliability and robustness under real-world conditions. Navigating this complex journey from concept to combat-ready systems will require an ecosystem that nurtures innovation while aligning technological advancements with mission objectives. Indigenous Development. A robust domestic defense technology ecosystem is essential to reducing dependency on foreign systems and ensuring strategic autonomy. While initiatives like iDEX (Innovations for Defence Excellence) and Make in India have created a fertile ground for innovation, scaling these efforts is critical. The Indian Navy must deepen its engagement with startups, academia, and established defense manufacturers to co-develop technologies tailored to its unique operational needs. Public-private partnerships, incentivized through clear policies and funding, can accelerate the development of indigenous AI algorithms, quantum sensors, and resilient navigation systems. Additionally, fostering cross-disciplinary expertise in AI and Quantum sciences within Indian R&D institutions will be instrumental in achieving breakthroughs. Skill Development. The successful deployment of advanced technologies hinges on the proficiency of the personnel operating and maintaining them. For the Indian Navy, this means a comprehensive overhaul of its training programs to include specialized curricula on AI and Quantum systems. Dedicated training modules, simulation-based learning, and collaboration with academic institutions can equip naval officers with the necessary expertise. Moreover, fostering a culture of continuous learning will be vital to keeping pace with the rapid evolution of these technologies. Establishing centers of excellence within naval training academies can further institutionalize this process, ensuring that personnel are not only technologically adept but also capable of integrating these systems seamlessly into operations. Potential Risks and Over-Reliance on Emerging Technologies While the integration of AI and Quantum Computing holds immense potential, over-reliance on these technologies introduces significant risks: Vulnerabilities to Cyberattacks: Advanced technologies are not immune to exploitation. Adversaries equipped with sophisticated AI or Quantum capabilities could compromise critical systems, leading to catastrophic failures in secure communication or navigation. Ethical and Operational Risks: Autonomous decision-making systems, while efficient, could lead to unintended consequences. For example, errors in AI algorithms might result in false positives or civilian harm, undermining strategic objectives and international credibility. High Costs and Sustainability: The high financial and resource demands of developing, implementing, and maintaining AI and Quantum systems could divert attention and funding from other critical areas of naval operations. Technological Dependency: Heavy reliance on advanced technologies could diminish traditional naval expertise, creating operational gaps in scenarios where these systems fail or are unavailable, such as in electronic warfare environments. Strategic Recommendations To address these challenges and unlock the full potential of AI and Quantum technologies, the Indian Navy must adopt a multi-pronged strategic approach: Focused R&D Investments: Establishing dedicated research laboratories within defense establishments is imperative to drive innovation in AI and Quantum sciences. These facilities should prioritize the development of mission-critical technologies, such as secure communication systems, advanced sensors, and autonomous platforms. Collaboration with premier research institutions, both domestic and international, can augment these efforts, ensuring that India remains at the cutting edge of innovation. Global Partnerships: Partnerships with technologically advanced nations can provide access to expertise, resources, and proven solutions. These collaborations should focus on co-development and knowledge exchange, particularly in areas where India seeks to leapfrog existing capabilities. Structured alliances with countries like the United States, Israel, and Japan can also enhance interoperability and bolster the Navy’s preparedness for coalition operations. Operational Experimentation: Integrating emerging technologies into live naval exercises is essential to evaluate their performance and refine their deployment strategies. Field-testing prototypes under simulated combat conditions can uncover operational challenges and help optimize systems for real-world scenarios. This iterative process not only accelerates technology adoption but also ensures that these innovations are battle-ready. Conclusion By addressing these challenges with a comprehensive and forward-looking strategy, the Indian Navy can solidify its position as a technologically advanced maritime force. The adoption of AI and Quantum technologies will not only enhance India’s maritime security but also redefine its strategic posture, ensuring dominance in the Indian Ocean Region for decades to come. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum technologies marks a transformative chapter in naval warfare, offering unprecedented possibilities to redefine how maritime forces operate and excel. For the Indian Navy, these advancements are not merely tools of modernization but vital enablers of strategic agility in an increasingly contested domain. By leveraging AI's analytical prowess and Quantum's computational breakthroughs, the Navy can navigate the complexities of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) with precision, ensuring both operational superiority and robust defense of national interests. However, the journey toward integration demands a careful orchestration of innovation, strategy, and human capability. As emerging technologies evolve, the Indian Navy must strike a balance between adopting cutting-edge systems and nurturing indigenous expertise. The strength of any naval force lies not only in its assets but also in the vision and resilience of those who command them. "The future belongs to those who prepare for it today," said Malcolm X, a sentiment that underscores the importance of proactive adaptation in the face of dynamic challenges. As India charts its course through the uncharted waters of technological evolution, the Indian Navy has the opportunity to lead by example, setting benchmarks for maritime innovation globally. By committing to sustained R&D, fostering global partnerships, and empowering its personnel, the Navy can ensure that AI and Quantum technologies become not just enablers but true force multipliers. This new era demands foresight and action, and with the right approach, the Indian Navy can remain a beacon of strength and innovation in the IOR and beyond. Commander Rahul Verma (Retd) is an Emerging Technology and Prioritisation Scout for a leading Indian Multi-National Corporation, focusing on advancing force modernisation through innovative technological applications and operational concepts. With 21 years as a Naval Aviator, including a distinguished role in the Indian Navy’s Technology Development Acceleration Cell, he brings diverse aviation experiences, from Seaking Pilot to RPAS Mission Commander and Flying Instructor. Disclaimer: The views of the writer do not represent the views of WION or ZMCL. Nor does WION or ZMCL endorse the views of the writer.

Future trends in naval technology: AI and quantum  

Donald Trump is reportedly preparing to sign an executive order that would bar transgender individuals from serving in the military, potentially as early as his first day back in office.

Donald Trump is reportedly preparing to sign an executive order that would bar transgender individuals from serving in the military, potentially as early as his first day back in office. The order, expected to follow his inauguration on 20 January, would also result in the medical discharge of thousands of currently serving transgender personnel. As per a report by The Sunday Times, defence sources estimate that approximately 15,000 transgender service members could be medically discharged, effectively deeming them unfit for military duty. This comes as Trump continues to criticise what he calls “woke” policies in the armed forces, claiming some senior officers prioritise diversity and inclusion over military readiness. Also read: 'Israel, Lebanon on verge of ceasefire deal to end Israel-Hezbollah conflict' A source cited by the report said that transgender people will be "forced out at a time when the military can’t recruit enough people.” They added that only the Marine Corps is meeting recruitment targets and warned that some of the ones likely to be affected hold senior roles. The report follows Trump’s nomination of Pete Hegseth, a former major in the US National Guard and Fox News host, as his defence secretary. Hegseth has been outspoken in his criticism of what he terms “weak” leadership in the military. In his recent book, he called for “housecleaning” within the ranks and called the medical care provided to transgender personnel an unnecessary expense for the Pentagon. This would not be Trump’s first move against transgender individuals in the military. During his first term, he declared that transgender people would no longer be allowed to serve, citing “tremendous medical costs and disruption.” That policy, announced by Trump in 2017, came into effect in 2019 before being reversed by President Joe Biden. Biden’s reversal allowed transgender individuals to serve once more, but Trump is now expected to not only reinstate the ban but go further by discharging those currently serving. Also read: From picking Vance to blocking Pompeo, Trump junior is calling shots in US transition process This anticipated executive order is just one of many actions Trump plans to take upon returning to office. His proposed measures include significant changes to immigration policies and other controversial initiatives likely to face strong opposition. During his campaign, Trump vowed to roll back civil rights protections for LGBT+ individuals, block transgender students from participating in sports or using facilities aligned with their gender, and ban gender-affirming healthcare for transgender youth across the United States. (With inputs from agencies)

India: Navy, Coast Guard, NDRF on alert over brewing Cyclone Fengal

In an era where naval diplomacy shapes international relations, the Indian Navy is playing a key role by extending its expertise in ship maintenance to neighbouring countries.&nbsp;

The maintenance and repair of Maldivian Coast Guard (MCGS) CGS Huravee and Mauritius Coast Guard vessel, MCGS Valiant is being undertaken at the request of their respective governments by the Indian Navy. These refits are conducted at no cost to the host countries, which shows India's commitment to regional security cooperation.

Originally commissioned by India in 2016, Maldivian Coast Guard (MCGS) CGS Huravee was ceremonially handed over to the Maldives in 2023.

Its refit is currently underway at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai and focuses on critical repairs and upgrades to enhance its operational capabilities. The decision to refit the Maldives vessel was taken during the state visit of Maldives President Muizzu in October to India.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/pm-modi-addresses-party-workers-from-bjp-hq-following-maharashtra-win-778699">'Nation only wants development,' PM Modi hails historic win in Maharashtra polls</a>

A statement from the Indian High Commission in the Maldives said, "The refit of CGS Huravee would be undertaken at an approximate cost of over $4 million, which would be borne by the government of India... It reflects deep-rooted friendly ties and multi-faceted defence cooperation between our 2 countries".

Mauritius Coast Guard vessel MCGS Valiant, constructed by Goa Shipyard Ltd for the Mauritius Coast Guard in 2017, is now in Visakhapatnam for its scheduled four-month refit, aimed at ensuring its readiness for patrolling, anti-piracy, and search and rescue missions.

The Indian Navy's engagement doesn't end at maintenance. In a broader outreach, it has also provided maritime assets to countries in need. Earlier this month, India gifted two Fast Interceptor Crafts (FICs) to Mozambique in East Africa.

The FICs were delivered via the Indian Navy ship INS Gharial and were formally handed over to the Mozambique government by the Indian High Commissioner to the country, Robert Shetkintong.

These Fast Interceptor Craft will significantly aid Mozambique in its efforts to combat maritime terrorism and ongoing insurgency in

Cabo Delgado province. Earlier, to bolster the efforts of the Mozambique government for maritime security, the Indian government had gifted two large interceptor boats in 2019, followed by two FICs of the same class in Jan 2022.

The engagement doesn't end at maintenance but also includes providing maritime assets to countries that require them. Last year, the Indian&nbsp;Navy vessel INS Kripan was transferred to the Vietnam Navy as both countries firmed up defence ties. It was the first time that an active warship was given by India to a friendly country as part of naval cooperation.&nbsp;

This "Womb to Tomb" support by the Indian Navy is part of the Indian government's "Neighbourhood First" policy and its vision for "Security And Growth for All in the Region" (SAGAR).

In an era where naval diplomacy shapes international relations, the Indian Navy is playing a key role by extending its expertise in ship maintenance to neighbouring countries.

In an era where naval diplomacy shapes international relations, the Indian Navy is playing a key role by extending its expertise in ship maintenance to neighbouring countries. The maintenance and repair of Maldivian Coast Guard (MCGS) CGS Huravee and Mauritius Coast Guard vessel, MCGS Valiant is being undertaken at the request of their respective governments by the Indian Navy. These refits are conducted at no cost to the host countries, which shows India's commitment to regional security cooperation. Originally commissioned by India in 2016, Maldivian Coast Guard (MCGS) CGS Huravee was ceremonially handed over to the Maldives in 2023. Its refit is currently underway at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai and focuses on critical repairs and upgrades to enhance its operational capabilities. The decision to refit the Maldives vessel was taken during the state visit of Maldives President Muizzu in October to India. Also read: 'Nation only wants development,' PM Modi hails historic win in Maharashtra polls A statement from the Indian High Commission in the Maldives said, "The refit of CGS Huravee would be undertaken at an approximate cost of over $4 million, which would be borne by the government of India... It reflects deep-rooted friendly ties and multi-faceted defence cooperation between our 2 countries". Mauritius Coast Guard vessel MCGS Valiant, constructed by Goa Shipyard Ltd for the Mauritius Coast Guard in 2017, is now in Visakhapatnam for its scheduled four-month refit, aimed at ensuring its readiness for patrolling, anti-piracy, and search and rescue missions. The Indian Navy's engagement doesn't end at maintenance. In a broader outreach, it has also provided maritime assets to countries in need. Earlier this month, India gifted two Fast Interceptor Crafts (FICs) to Mozambique in East Africa. The FICs were delivered via the Indian Navy ship INS Gharial and were formally handed over to the Mozambique government by the Indian High Commissioner to the country, Robert Shetkintong. These Fast Interceptor Craft will significantly aid Mozambique in its efforts to combat maritime terrorism and ongoing insurgency in Cabo Delgado province. Earlier, to bolster the efforts of the Mozambique government for maritime security, the Indian government had gifted two large interceptor boats in 2019, followed by two FICs of the same class in Jan 2022. The engagement doesn't end at maintenance but also includes providing maritime assets to countries that require them. Last year, the Indian Navy vessel INS Kripan was transferred to the Vietnam Navy as both countries firmed up defence ties. It was the first time that an active warship was given by India to a friendly country as part of naval cooperation. This "Womb to Tomb" support by the Indian Navy is part of the Indian government's "Neighbourhood First" policy and its vision for "Security And Growth for All in the Region" (SAGAR).

Indian Navy helps in maintenance of Maldives, Mauritius Coast Guard vessels

An Indian Navy vessel collided with a fishing vessel named Marthoma 70 nautical miles off the Goa coast on Thursday evening, according to the Indian Navy.

According to the officials, 13 crew members were onboard the fishing vessel Marthoma at the time of the collision.

Search and rescue efforts were immediately launched by the Indian Navy, and 11 crew members have been recovered so far.

Search operations for the remaining two are underway.

Additional assets have been diverted to the area to augment the efforts, the officials said.

Further details awaited.&nbsp;

Disclaimer: This story has been published from a news agency feed with minimal edits to adhere to WION's style guide. The headline may have been changed to better reflect the content of the story or to make it more suitable for WION&nbsp;audience. 
&nbsp;

An Indian Navy vessel collided with a fishing vessel named Marthoma 70 nautical miles off the Goa coast on Thursday evening, according to the Indian Navy. According to the officials, 13 crew members were onboard the fishing vessel Marthoma at the time of the collision.

An Indian Navy vessel collided with a fishing vessel named Marthoma 70 nautical miles off the Goa coast on Thursday evening, according to the Indian Navy. According to the officials, 13 crew members were onboard the fishing vessel Marthoma at the time of the collision. Search and rescue efforts were immediately launched by the Indian Navy, and 11 crew members have been recovered so far. Search operations for the remaining two are underway. Additional assets have been diverted to the area to augment the efforts, the officials said. Further details awaited. Disclaimer: This story has been published from a news agency feed with minimal edits to adhere to WION's style guide. The headline may have been changed to better reflect the content of the story or to make it more suitable for WION audience.

Navy vessel collides with fishing vessel off Goa coast

The Indian Navy has stepped up its presence and activities in the Southwest Indian Ocean region deploying warships for capacity building and conducting joint exercises which include deepening the maritime partnerships in the eastern part of the African continent.

Stealth frigate INS Talwar was recently deployed to the area, which first made a stop at Mombasa in Kenya to conduct Passage Exercises (PASSEX) with the Kenyan naval forces.

The ship later moved on to Cape Town, South Africa to participate in the IBSAMAR exercises, a trilateral naval exercise of India, Brazil and South Africa.&nbsp;

Thereafter, INS Talwar proceeded to La Reunion, an island of strategic significance and French territory&nbsp;to enhance the India-France maritime partnership.

The ship’s last port of call was Male', Maldives, where the asset later took part in escorting the Maldives’ Coast Guard Ship Huravee to India for overhaul and repairs to signify the strong defence connections between New Delhi and Male.

In parallel, INS Suvarna visited Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, last month as part of a broader effort to enhance defence ties. The visit included the transfer of an Integrated Weapon Training Simulator to the Tanzanian forces, aimed at bolstering their infantry training.&nbsp;

The warship also conducted joint maritime exercises focusing on Exclusive Economic Zone surveillance and anti-piracy measures.

Subsequently, INS Suvarna visited Mauritius, coinciding with the 190th Aapravasi Divas,&nbsp;that marks the arrival of Indian indentured labourers. The Suvarna later towed the Mauritius Coast Guard Ship Valiant back to Vizag, India, for a major refit.

Adding to these naval engagements, INS Gharial also engaged in the region. It visited the Maldives for coordinated exercises with the Maldives National Defence Force and later Mozambique, where it handed over two Fast Interceptor Crafts to aid in combating maritime terrorism and insurgency in the troubled Cabo Delgado province.&nbsp;

These crafts, capable of high speeds and equipped for combat, will significantly boost Mozambique's maritime security capabilities.

These deployments are part of India's strategic SAGAR (Security And Growth for All in the Region) initiative, which seeks to promote regional maritime cooperation and security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

Through this initiative, India positions itself as a stabilising force, enhancing its naval diplomacy and strengthening ties with Indian Ocean countries, while ensuring maritime security and economic growth for all in the region. 
&nbsp;

The Indian Navy has stepped up its presence and activities in the Southwest Indian Ocean region deploying warships for capacity building and conducting joint exercises which include deepening the maritime partnerships in the eastern part of the African continent.

The Indian Navy has stepped up its presence and activities in the Southwest Indian Ocean region deploying warships for capacity building and conducting joint exercises which include deepening the maritime partnerships in the eastern part of the African continent. Stealth frigate INS Talwar was recently deployed to the area, which first made a stop at Mombasa in Kenya to conduct Passage Exercises (PASSEX) with the Kenyan naval forces. The ship later moved on to Cape Town, South Africa to participate in the IBSAMAR exercises, a trilateral naval exercise of India, Brazil and South Africa. Thereafter, INS Talwar proceeded to La Reunion, an island of strategic significance and French territory to enhance the India-France maritime partnership. The ship’s last port of call was Male', Maldives, where the asset later took part in escorting the Maldives’ Coast Guard Ship Huravee to India for overhaul and repairs to signify the strong defence connections between New Delhi and Male. In parallel, INS Suvarna visited Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, last month as part of a broader effort to enhance defence ties. The visit included the transfer of an Integrated Weapon Training Simulator to the Tanzanian forces, aimed at bolstering their infantry training. The warship also conducted joint maritime exercises focusing on Exclusive Economic Zone surveillance and anti-piracy measures. Subsequently, INS Suvarna visited Mauritius, coinciding with the 190th Aapravasi Divas, that marks the arrival of Indian indentured labourers. The Suvarna later towed the Mauritius Coast Guard Ship Valiant back to Vizag, India, for a major refit. Adding to these naval engagements, INS Gharial also engaged in the region. It visited the Maldives for coordinated exercises with the Maldives National Defence Force and later Mozambique, where it handed over two Fast Interceptor Crafts to aid in combating maritime terrorism and insurgency in the troubled Cabo Delgado province. These crafts, capable of high speeds and equipped for combat, will significantly boost Mozambique's maritime security capabilities. These deployments are part of India's strategic SAGAR (Security And Growth for All in the Region) initiative, which seeks to promote regional maritime cooperation and security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Through this initiative, India positions itself as a stabilising force, enhancing its naval diplomacy and strengthening ties with Indian Ocean countries, while ensuring maritime security and economic growth for all in the region.

Indian Navy ramps up engagement in Southwest Indian Ocean

The Indian Navy is not new to India's projection of power in the Indian Ocean and beyond, but with each passing year, it has increased its foray and ability to deliver. One of the most pivotal moments in the past has been the Indian Navy's role in thwarting the coup in the Maldives in 1988 when it had deployed frigates Godavari and Betwa which intercepted mercenaries under Operation Cactus. The Time Magazine had a front page cover with the Indian Naval Ship Godavari with the header “Super India: The Next Military Power”.

Building on the successes, the Indian Navy has been executing a range of high-stakes humanitarian missions—from Search and Rescue (SAR) to Non-Combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO) and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR). The missions reflect India's commitment to global humanitarian assistance and regional security. These are part of India's larger strategic objectives, including the SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) doctrine and the “Neighborhood First” policy. Policies that are key to creating goodwill and trust in the region and beyond.

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/indian-influencer-tests-japans-cleanliness-by-walking-on-its-streets-in-white-socks-heres-the-result-775280">Indian influencer tests Japan's cleanliness by walking on its streets in white socks. Here's the result</a>

Among the key roles the Indian Navy has played in the first few years of this century was during the 2004 tsunami. That year, the Indian Navy responded rapidly, delivering life-saving aid and relief to affected nations, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Maldives. This elevated India's role as the first responder in the region. Since then, from the COVID crisis (2020) to Typhoon Yagi (2024), the role has significantly increased as Indian Navy assets play an important role in implementing Delhi's foreign policy objectives.

Under Mission Sagar, the Indian Navy extended its reach to deliver COVID-19 assistance to countries like the Maldives, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoros, and Seychelles which included medical assistance teams, food aid, and other essential supplies. In the backdrop of Typhoon Yagi, under Operation Sadbhav, the Indian Navy delivered relief materials to Myanmar. Overnight loading of HADR pallets, including essentials like drinking water, rations, and medicines, was done onto an Indian naval ship destined for Yangon. This rapid mobilisation showcased the Navy's capability to respond swiftly to regional humanitarian crises, in a short time frame.

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/khalistani-terrorist-pannun-threatens-to-attack-indias-ram-mandir-warns-will-shake-foundations-of-ayodhya-775276">Khalistani terrorist Pannun threatens to attack India's Ram Mandir, warns 'will shake foundations of Ayodhya'</a>

Former Navy Chief Admiral (Retd) Karambir Singh has noted that these missions serve “dual purposes”—fostering regional stability while also enhancing India's stature as a security provider.

The Navy has also executed high-stakes missions, &amp; operations like Sukoon (2006) and Raahat (2015). Under Operation Sukoon, the Navy successfully evacuated Indian, Sri Lankan, and Nepali nationals from war-torn Lebanon while in Operation Raahat, saw the swift evacuation of over 4,600 Indian and foreign nationals from conflict-ridden Yemen. Amid the volatile situation in Gulf of Aden with Houthi attacks (2023-ongoing), the Indian Navy not only rescued Indian nationals, but nationals of countries like the Philippines and Pakistan.

Vice Admiral (Retd) Biswajit Dasgupta, former Eastern Naval Command Chief, emphasised that the Navy's humanitarian missions reinforce “universal values of compassion and neutrality, critical elements of soft power.”

The integration of satellite-based communication systems, UAVs, and real-time coordination networks ensure&nbsp;that India's SAR, NEO, and HADR missions are swift and highly efficient. One of the standout innovations is the use of advanced water purification systems aboard naval vessels, allowing them to produce potable water from seawater. These capabilities, coupled with real-time intelligence sharing and international collaboration, position the Indian Navy at the forefront of global humanitarian efforts.

The Indian Navy is not new to India's projection of power in the Indian Ocean and beyond, but with each passing year, it has increased its foray and ability to deliver.

The Indian Navy is not new to India's projection of power in the Indian Ocean and beyond, but with each passing year, it has increased its foray and ability to deliver. One of the most pivotal moments in the past has been the Indian Navy's role in thwarting the coup in the Maldives in 1988 when it had deployed frigates Godavari and Betwa which intercepted mercenaries under Operation Cactus. The Time Magazine had a front page cover with the Indian Naval Ship Godavari with the header “Super India: The Next Military Power”. Building on the successes, the Indian Navy has been executing a range of high-stakes humanitarian missions—from Search and Rescue (SAR) to Non-Combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO) and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR). The missions reflect India's commitment to global humanitarian assistance and regional security. These are part of India's larger strategic objectives, including the SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) doctrine and the “Neighborhood First” policy. Policies that are key to creating goodwill and trust in the region and beyond. Also read | Indian influencer tests Japan's cleanliness by walking on its streets in white socks. Here's the result Among the key roles the Indian Navy has played in the first few years of this century was during the 2004 tsunami. That year, the Indian Navy responded rapidly, delivering life-saving aid and relief to affected nations, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Maldives. This elevated India's role as the first responder in the region. Since then, from the COVID crisis (2020) to Typhoon Yagi (2024), the role has significantly increased as Indian Navy assets play an important role in implementing Delhi's foreign policy objectives. Under Mission Sagar, the Indian Navy extended its reach to deliver COVID-19 assistance to countries like the Maldives, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoros, and Seychelles which included medical assistance teams, food aid, and other essential supplies. In the backdrop of Typhoon Yagi, under Operation Sadbhav, the Indian Navy delivered relief materials to Myanmar. Overnight loading of HADR pallets, including essentials like drinking water, rations, and medicines, was done onto an Indian naval ship destined for Yangon. This rapid mobilisation showcased the Navy's capability to respond swiftly to regional humanitarian crises, in a short time frame. Also read | Khalistani terrorist Pannun threatens to attack India's Ram Mandir, warns 'will shake foundations of Ayodhya' Former Navy Chief Admiral (Retd) Karambir Singh has noted that these missions serve “dual purposes”—fostering regional stability while also enhancing India's stature as a security provider. The Navy has also executed high-stakes missions, & operations like Sukoon (2006) and Raahat (2015). Under Operation Sukoon, the Navy successfully evacuated Indian, Sri Lankan, and Nepali nationals from war-torn Lebanon while in Operation Raahat, saw the swift evacuation of over 4,600 Indian and foreign nationals from conflict-ridden Yemen. Amid the volatile situation in Gulf of Aden with Houthi attacks (2023-ongoing), the Indian Navy not only rescued Indian nationals, but nationals of countries like the Philippines and Pakistan. Vice Admiral (Retd) Biswajit Dasgupta, former Eastern Naval Command Chief, emphasised that the Navy's humanitarian missions reinforce “universal values of compassion and neutrality, critical elements of soft power.” The integration of satellite-based communication systems, UAVs, and real-time coordination networks ensure that India's SAR, NEO, and HADR missions are swift and highly efficient. One of the standout innovations is the use of advanced water purification systems aboard naval vessels, allowing them to produce potable water from seawater. These capabilities, coupled with real-time intelligence sharing and international collaboration, position the Indian Navy at the forefront of global humanitarian efforts.

Indian Navy's HADR operations showcase India's growing influence

India has launched its fourth nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN). Codenamed S4, the submarine was launched on 16 October at the Ship-Building Centre (SBC) after Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated a Very Low Frequency Naval Station.

The launch is part of India's efforts to strengthen its nuclear deterrence capabilities and comes amid ongoing diplomatic tensions with Canada.

<h2 bis_size="{&quot;x&quot;:8,&quot;y&quot;:135,&quot;w&quot;:723,&quot;h&quot;:26,&quot;abs_x&quot;:41,&quot;abs_y&quot;:1822}">All about the S4 submarine</h2>

The newly launched S4 boasts about 75 per cent indigenous parts and is equipped with K-4 nuclear ballistic missiles, capable of hitting targets up to 3,500 km away.&nbsp;

It is a significant upgrade from the earlier INS Arihant, which carries K-15 missiles with a range of 750 km.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/tamil-nadu-cm-stalins-solution-to-saving-tamil-nadus-lok-sabha-representation-have-16-children-769620">CM Stalin's solution to saving Tamil Nadu’s Lok Sabha representation: Have '16 children'</a>

The submarine is part of a growing SSBN fleet and plays a crucial role in India's sea-based nuclear deterrence strategy. The submarines boast a virtually unlimited range and endurance, allowing for extended patrols with only food, crew fatigue, and maintenance limiting their endurance.

The launch of S4 follows the commissioning of INS Arighaat in August 2024 and the INS Aridhaman is set for commissioning next year.&nbsp;Both INS Arihant and INS Arighaat are already on deep-sea patrols.

Additionally, a leased Russian Akula-class nuclear-powered attack submarine is expected to join the fleet in 2028.

India's SSBN fleet operates in deep-sea patrols, adding to the country's strategic defence in the Indo-Pacific region. In addition to SSBNs, the Indian government has approved the construction of more nuclear-powered attack submarines, with plans to build two more as part of its efforts to counter challenges in the region.

Also read |&nbsp;<a bis_size="{&quot;x&quot;:8,&quot;y&quot;:527,&quot;w&quot;:677,&quot;h&quot;:34,&quot;abs_x&quot;:41,&quot;abs_y&quot;:2214}" href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/karni-sena-announces-reward-of-132152-to-kill-indian-gangster-lawrence-bishnoi-reports-769631">Karni Sena announces reward of $132,152 to kill Indian gangster Lawrence Bishnoi: Reports</a>

The Indian government, as per reports, has shifted its focus towards submarine-based deterrence over aircraft carriers, largely due to concerns that carriers are vulnerable to long-range missiles, particularly from China.

This emphasis on strengthening submarine power comes as China increases its naval presence in the Indian Ocean, with 10-11 ships operating in the region monthly since last year.&nbsp;

India has launched its fourth nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN). Codenamed S4, the submarine was launched on 16 October at the Ship-Building Centre (SBC) after Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated a Very Low Frequency Naval Station.

India has launched its fourth nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN). Codenamed S4, the submarine was launched on 16 October at the Ship-Building Centre (SBC) after Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated a Very Low Frequency Naval Station. The launch is part of India's efforts to strengthen its nuclear deterrence capabilities and comes amid ongoing diplomatic tensions with Canada. All about the S4 submarine The newly launched S4 boasts about 75 per cent indigenous parts and is equipped with K-4 nuclear ballistic missiles, capable of hitting targets up to 3,500 km away. It is a significant upgrade from the earlier INS Arihant, which carries K-15 missiles with a range of 750 km. Also read | CM Stalin's solution to saving Tamil Nadu’s Lok Sabha representation: Have '16 children' The submarine is part of a growing SSBN fleet and plays a crucial role in India's sea-based nuclear deterrence strategy. The submarines boast a virtually unlimited range and endurance, allowing for extended patrols with only food, crew fatigue, and maintenance limiting their endurance. The launch of S4 follows the commissioning of INS Arighaat in August 2024 and the INS Aridhaman is set for commissioning next year. Both INS Arihant and INS Arighaat are already on deep-sea patrols. Additionally, a leased Russian Akula-class nuclear-powered attack submarine is expected to join the fleet in 2028. India's SSBN fleet operates in deep-sea patrols, adding to the country's strategic defence in the Indo-Pacific region. In addition to SSBNs, the Indian government has approved the construction of more nuclear-powered attack submarines, with plans to build two more as part of its efforts to counter challenges in the region. Also read | Karni Sena announces reward of $132,152 to kill Indian gangster Lawrence Bishnoi: Reports The Indian government, as per reports, has shifted its focus towards submarine-based deterrence over aircraft carriers, largely due to concerns that carriers are vulnerable to long-range missiles, particularly from China. This emphasis on strengthening submarine power comes as China increases its naval presence in the Indian Ocean, with 10-11 ships operating in the region monthly since last year.

India launches nuclear-powered submarine S4, equipped with 75 per cent indigenous parts

The six Next-Generation Missile Vessels (NGMV) that are being built by the Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) for the Indian Navy will be propelled by US-origin General Electric LM2500 marine engines.

The six NGMVs&nbsp;capable of maritime strike operations, anti-surface warfare operations, and sea denial for enemy ships at choke points&nbsp;are being built by the government-run Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL)&nbsp;at a cost of USD 1.16 billion (Rs 9,805 crore).

The facility in Kochi, Kerala, is to hand over the first of the six warships to the Indian Navy in early 2027. CSL had also built India's first and only indigenous aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant.&nbsp;

The NGMVs are a new class of heavily armed warships incorporating stealth, high-speed, and offensive capability. The primary role of the ships would be to provide offensive capability against enemy warships, merchantmen, and land targets.&nbsp;

With a top speed of 35 knots (64 kmph), these vessels carry an array of anti-surface weapons.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/india-us-sign-massive-4bn-pact-for-31-predator-drones-767633">Also read:&nbsp;India, US sign massive $4bn pact for 31 Predator drones</a>

For integration in the NGMVs, six LM2500 marine gas turbine engine kits will be delivered by GE Aerospace for assembly and testing by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) Industrial and Marine Gas Turbine Division in Bengaluru, India.

Additionally, GE Aerospace will be supplying its composite base and enclosure, and full complement of gas turbine auxiliary systems. The LM2500 also propels the INS Vikrant, the Indian Navy's latest frigates, and over 700 vessels globally.

GE Aerospace and HAL, India’s premier public-sector aerospace company, have ties in both marine and aerospace defense dating back to 1986. HAL has assembled and tested all LM2500 gas turbines that are used on Indian warships.

Watch |&nbsp;India, US Sign Rs 32,000-Crore Deal To Procure 31 Predator Drones | WION Originals

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In 2023, GE Aerospace and HAL signed an MOU to explore expanding their capabilities to include assembly, inspection, and testing (AIT) of the LM500 marine gas turbine To date, GE Aerospace has delivered 24 marine gas turbine kits to HAL for the Indian Navy.

“GE Aerospace has been our valued partner for several decades in marine applications and aerospace. For various Programs of the Indian Navy, HAL has partnered with GE Aerospace on the LM2500 Gas Turbine Engine. With the addition of the NGMV program, our partnership will further strengthen to greater heights,” said Dr D Sunil, Chairman and Managing Director, HAL.

Firms from the US, UK, Ukraine are among the engine suppliers for Indian Naval and Coast Guard ships. GE and Caterpillar are of US origin, Ukrainian engines are supplied by Zorya-Mashproekt, while Rolls Royce is the supplier from the UK.

The six Next-Generation Missile Vessels (NGMV) that are being built by the Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) for the Indian Navy will be propelled by US-origin General Electric LM2500 marine engines.

The six Next-Generation Missile Vessels (NGMV) that are being built by the Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) for the Indian Navy will be propelled by US-origin General Electric LM2500 marine engines. The six NGMVs capable of maritime strike operations, anti-surface warfare operations, and sea denial for enemy ships at choke points are being built by the government-run Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) at a cost of USD 1.16 billion (Rs 9,805 crore). The facility in Kochi, Kerala, is to hand over the first of the six warships to the Indian Navy in early 2027. CSL had also built India's first and only indigenous aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant. The NGMVs are a new class of heavily armed warships incorporating stealth, high-speed, and offensive capability. The primary role of the ships would be to provide offensive capability against enemy warships, merchantmen, and land targets. With a top speed of 35 knots (64 kmph), these vessels carry an array of anti-surface weapons. Also read: India, US sign massive $4bn pact for 31 Predator drones For integration in the NGMVs, six LM2500 marine gas turbine engine kits will be delivered by GE Aerospace for assembly and testing by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) Industrial and Marine Gas Turbine Division in Bengaluru, India. Additionally, GE Aerospace will be supplying its composite base and enclosure, and full complement of gas turbine auxiliary systems. The LM2500 also propels the INS Vikrant, the Indian Navy's latest frigates, and over 700 vessels globally. GE Aerospace and HAL, India’s premier public-sector aerospace company, have ties in both marine and aerospace defense dating back to 1986. HAL has assembled and tested all LM2500 gas turbines that are used on Indian warships. Watch | India, US Sign Rs 32,000-Crore Deal To Procure 31 Predator Drones | WION Originals × In 2023, GE Aerospace and HAL signed an MOU to explore expanding their capabilities to include assembly, inspection, and testing (AIT) of the LM500 marine gas turbine To date, GE Aerospace has delivered 24 marine gas turbine kits to HAL for the Indian Navy. “GE Aerospace has been our valued partner for several decades in marine applications and aerospace. For various Programs of the Indian Navy, HAL has partnered with GE Aerospace on the LM2500 Gas Turbine Engine. With the addition of the NGMV program, our partnership will further strengthen to greater heights,” said Dr D Sunil, Chairman and Managing Director, HAL. Firms from the US, UK, Ukraine are among the engine suppliers for Indian Naval and Coast Guard ships. GE and Caterpillar are of US origin, Ukrainian engines are supplied by Zorya-Mashproekt, while Rolls Royce is the supplier from the UK.

American engines to propel Indian Navy's Next-gen missile vessels

The first of two multi-purpose vessels being built by Indian conglomerate Larsen and Toubro (L&amp;T) for the Indian Navy was launched on Monday (Oct 14) at the firm's Kattupalli shipyard, near Chennai. The ceremony was presided over by Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi. The ship has been named ‘Samarthak’ which means ‘supporter’ and is synonymous with the multi-dimensional role that the platform is expected to perform.&nbsp;

Launching is the ceremonial event where the ship is moved from the dry dock to the water for the first time. Henceforth, the ship will undergo sea trials where its various systems and sub-systems will be tested. Usually, the ships are formally inducted (commissioned) into the Navy after several months and phases of rigorous testing at sea.

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Here's Samarthak- 1st Multi-purpose vessel that'll serve <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/IndianNavy?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#IndianNavy</a>...Proudly made in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chennai?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chennai</a> at <a href="https://twitter.com/larsentoubro?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@larsentoubro</a> Kattupalli 
 
It can perform- Towing, launch &amp; recovery of targets, operate uncrewed vehicles, test new weapons &amp; sensors, undertake patrols, disaster relief <a href="https://t.co/a9DBu4efxe">pic.twitter.com/a9DBu4efxe</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1845877516831252755?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 14, 2024</a></blockquote>
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As the name suggests, these multi-purpose vessels will be capable of varied roles such as towing ships, launching and recovering various targets during exercises, operating uncrewed autonomous vehicles, and acting as a trial platform for indigenous weapons as well as sensors under development.

These vessels can achieve a maximum speed of 15 knots and measure 106 metres in length and 16.8 metres in width. Once delivered to the Indian Navy, these vessels will undertake maritime surveillance, patrolling, and disaster relief missions, among others.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indians-comprise-10-of-all-seafarers-globally-steep-rise-in-last-decade-765338">Also read |&nbsp;Indians now comprise 10% of all seafarers globally after steep rise over last decade</a>

The Indian Navy reinforced that it remains steadfast in its efforts towards indigenous shipbuilding. The launch of the&nbsp;vessel by a&nbsp;private Indian shipyard showcases Indian Navy’s confidence in indigenous shipbuilding, in consonance with the Government of India's vision for ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ and ‘Make in India ’ initiative.

These are the first Indian Navy Warships being constructed by L&amp;T, Kattupalli. These are also the first multi-purpose ships that will be part of the Indian Navy’s fleet. Both ships, Samarthak and Utkarsh are to be delivered by the end of 2025.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

The first of two multi-purpose vessels being built by Indian conglomerate Larsen and Toubro (L&T) for the Indian Navy was launched on Monday (Oct 14) at the firm's Kattupalli shipyard, near Chennai.

The first of two multi-purpose vessels being built by Indian conglomerate Larsen and Toubro (L&T) for the Indian Navy was launched on Monday (Oct 14) at the firm's Kattupalli shipyard, near Chennai. The ceremony was presided over by Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi. The ship has been named ‘Samarthak’ which means ‘supporter’ and is synonymous with the multi-dimensional role that the platform is expected to perform. Launching is the ceremonial event where the ship is moved from the dry dock to the water for the first time. Henceforth, the ship will undergo sea trials where its various systems and sub-systems will be tested. Usually, the ships are formally inducted (commissioned) into the Navy after several months and phases of rigorous testing at sea. Here's Samarthak- 1st Multi-purpose vessel that'll serve #IndianNavy...Proudly made in #Chennai at @larsentoubro Kattupalli It can perform- Towing, launch & recovery of targets, operate uncrewed vehicles, test new weapons & sensors, undertake patrols, disaster relief pic.twitter.com/a9DBu4efxe — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 14, 2024 × As the name suggests, these multi-purpose vessels will be capable of varied roles such as towing ships, launching and recovering various targets during exercises, operating uncrewed autonomous vehicles, and acting as a trial platform for indigenous weapons as well as sensors under development. These vessels can achieve a maximum speed of 15 knots and measure 106 metres in length and 16.8 metres in width. Once delivered to the Indian Navy, these vessels will undertake maritime surveillance, patrolling, and disaster relief missions, among others. Also read | Indians now comprise 10% of all seafarers globally after steep rise over last decade The Indian Navy reinforced that it remains steadfast in its efforts towards indigenous shipbuilding. The launch of the vessel by a private Indian shipyard showcases Indian Navy’s confidence in indigenous shipbuilding, in consonance with the Government of India's vision for ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ and ‘Make in India ’ initiative. These are the first Indian Navy Warships being constructed by L&T, Kattupalli. These are also the first multi-purpose ships that will be part of the Indian Navy’s fleet. Both ships, Samarthak and Utkarsh are to be delivered by the end of 2025.

Indian Navy to soon induct first homegrown multi-purpose vessel 'Samarthak'

Seen as a mega boost for the Indian Navy and surveillance capabilities of the defence forces, the Cabinet Committee on Security has cleared the major deals for building two nuclear submarines indigenously and buying 31 Predator drones from the US.<o:p></o:p>

According to a detailed report by ANI, the Indian Navy will get two nuclear-powered attack submarines which will help boost its capabilities manifold in the Indian Ocean Region.

The report elaborated further, that the deal for building the two submarines at the Ship Building Centre in Vishakhapatnam will be around Rs 45,000 crores and will see a major involvement of private sector firms like Larsen and Toubro. The Indian Navy was keen for the deal as it was a critical requirement for cushioning&nbsp;the underwater capability gaps.

Long term objectives<o:p></o:p>

India has plans of having six such boats in the long run as part of its submarine induction plans.

These boats which are going to be built under the ambitious Project Advanced Technology Vessel project, are separate from the five nuclear submarines being built under the Arihant class at the same location.

The other major deal cleared today by the Cabinet Committee on Security is for the acquisition of 31 Predator drones from American General Atomics under a Foreign Military Sales contract between the governments of the two nations.

The deal had to be cleared before October 31 as the validity of the American proposal was till that time and now it is expected to be signed in the next few days only.&nbsp; As per the contract, the defence forces will start getting the drones over four years after signing the deal. 

The Indian Navy will get 15 of the 31 drones while the Army and the Indian Air Force will get eight each and also deploy them together at two bases in Uttar Pradesh. Indian equipment made by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and private sector firm Solar Industries may be used as the Make in India element on the 31 drones which are expected to be game changers in peacetime surveillance.

Seen as a mega boost for the Indian Navy and surveillance capabilities of the defence forces, the Cabinet Committee on Security has cleared the major deals for building two nuclear submarines indigenously and buying 31 Predator drones from the US.

Seen as a mega boost for the Indian Navy and surveillance capabilities of the defence forces, the Cabinet Committee on Security has cleared the major deals for building two nuclear submarines indigenously and buying 31 Predator drones from the US. According to a detailed report by ANI, the Indian Navy will get two nuclear-powered attack submarines which will help boost its capabilities manifold in the Indian Ocean Region. The report elaborated further, that the deal for building the two submarines at the Ship Building Centre in Vishakhapatnam will be around Rs 45,000 crores and will see a major involvement of private sector firms like Larsen and Toubro. The Indian Navy was keen for the deal as it was a critical requirement for cushioning the underwater capability gaps. Long term objectives India has plans of having six such boats in the long run as part of its submarine induction plans. These boats which are going to be built under the ambitious Project Advanced Technology Vessel project, are separate from the five nuclear submarines being built under the Arihant class at the same location. The other major deal cleared today by the Cabinet Committee on Security is for the acquisition of 31 Predator drones from American General Atomics under a Foreign Military Sales contract between the governments of the two nations. The deal had to be cleared before October 31 as the validity of the American proposal was till that time and now it is expected to be signed in the next few days only. As per the contract, the defence forces will start getting the drones over four years after signing the deal. The Indian Navy will get 15 of the 31 drones while the Army and the Indian Air Force will get eight each and also deploy them together at two bases in Uttar Pradesh. Indian equipment made by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and private sector firm Solar Industries may be used as the Make in India element on the 31 drones which are expected to be game changers in peacetime surveillance.

India approves mega defence deals worth Rs 80,000 crore for nuclear submarines and predator drones

As Pakistan commemorates its Navy Day on September 8 each year, the occasion is used to perpetuate its narrative about the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war. The story of the war begins with Operation Gibraltar, launched by Pakistan to create instability in the then state&nbsp;of Jammu and Kashmir (now a union territory). The unsuccessful operation was the immediate cause of the India-Pakistan war of 1965. India’s response was swift, and by September 6, the Pakistani military was struggling to hold its ground. While Pakistan started by aiming to take over Kashmir, it ended up defending Lahore.&nbsp;

The official version, deeply embedded in Pakistani school textbooks and frequently repeated by the military, asserts that Pakistan triumphed over India, but, mostly it's a story of strategic and political failure from Pakistan.&nbsp;Even top Pakistani officials, such as General Mehmood Ahmed, who served as ISI chief from 1999-2001, have acknowledged Pakistan's losses. His book "The Myth of 1965 Victory" had caused quite a stir in Pakistan.&nbsp;

While the naval role wasn't much during the war, Operation Dwarka, launched by Pakistan, played a key role in galvanising the Indian political leadership in expanding the budget for the Indian Navy. Under the operation, Dwarka was bombed, since Pakistan believed that it housed a radar installation.&nbsp;

Pakistan Navy had deployed, PNS Babur, PNS Khaibar, and PNS Badr among other Naval vessels to bomb the town in the state of Gujarat. The operation had no real impact on the course of the war, with no strategic feat achieved. The overnight bombing saw the bombing of the guest house of the railway station. In fact, Pakistan marks its Navy Day on September 8, since it was on this day that it carried out the operation to bomb Dwarka -- a place that also holds immense historical value in the Indian subcontinent.

 
<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/pakistan-general-asim-munir-clubs-kargil-war-with-other-wars-against-india-756700" target="_blank">Watch |&nbsp;Pakistan General Asim Munir clubs Kargil war with other wars against India</a>

<iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/pakistan-general-asim-munir-clubs-kargil-war-with-other-wars-against-india-756700/embed" width="560"></iframe>

1971 war was the turning point with India gaining naval superiority in the region. The war saw the Indian Navy's blockade of East Pakistan, blockage of Karachi port-Pakistan's economic lifeline, and the sinking of PNS Ghazi, unprecedented in the Indian defence history.

Sinking of PNS Ghazi, a submarine in the Pakistan Navy, originally leased from the United States as USS Diablo (SS-479) under the Security Assistance Program in 1963, remains the key moment of the war, that led to the creation of the state of Bangladesh. The sinking of PNS Ghazi has been a point of national pride for India, often celebrated in military history.

According to Commodore (Retd) Seshadri Vasan, a veteran of the Indian Navy, “The Navy came of age in the 1971 war. The first missiles in the North Arabian Sea were fired by the Indian Navy, demonstrating our growing maritime prowess.” While both navies have evolved since then, India’s consistent focus on indigenisation has given it a long-term advantage. The Indian Navy’s emphasis on indigenous weapon systems and sensors reduces dependence on foreign suppliers, unlike Pakistan, which relies heavily on external sources, particularly China,"&nbsp;

India's geography has been advantageous for it. The extensive coastline helps it to be at the centre of the Indian Ocean, with strategic outposts like the Lakshadweep and Andaman Islands giving it further inroads in one of the busiest shipping routes of the world.&nbsp;

“In terms of sea control and sea denial operations, the Indian Navy has the clear upper hand,” Commodore Vasan pointed. “The Pakistan Navy, though capable of defending its coastal waters, lacks the strategic reach and firepower of its Indian counterpart.”

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/come-and-join-us-defence-minister-rajnath-singh-tells-pok-residents-to-leave-pakistan-for-india-756887">Also read |&nbsp;'Come and join us': Defence Minister Rajnath Singh tells PoK residents to leave Pakistan for India</a>

Today, the Indian Navy continues to dominate the maritime domain and the Indian Ocean region. It remains a blue water navy, which means, its presence remains across the vast open oceans, unlike the Pakistani Navy, which is seen as a green water navy.

The Indian Navy has two aircraft carriers—INS Vikramaditya and the indigenously built INS Vikrant and modern surface combatants, such as the INS Kolkata-class destroyers and Shivalik-class frigates, which are equipped with advanced weaponry and sensor systems.&nbsp;

The Indian vessels far outclass Pakistan’s F-22P Zulfiquar-class frigates and the recently acquired Type 054A/P frigates from China. Rawalpindi has been engaging with Beijing for the modernisation of the Pakistan Navy by the end of this decade.

As Pakistan commemorates its Navy Day on September 8 each year, the occasion is used to perpetuate its narrative about the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war. The story of the war begins with Operation Gibraltar, launched by Pakistan to create instability in the then state of Jammu and Kashmir (now a union territory).

As Pakistan commemorates its Navy Day on September 8 each year, the occasion is used to perpetuate its narrative about the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war. The story of the war begins with Operation Gibraltar, launched by Pakistan to create instability in the then state of Jammu and Kashmir (now a union territory). The unsuccessful operation was the immediate cause of the India-Pakistan war of 1965. India’s response was swift, and by September 6, the Pakistani military was struggling to hold its ground. While Pakistan started by aiming to take over Kashmir, it ended up defending Lahore. The official version, deeply embedded in Pakistani school textbooks and frequently repeated by the military, asserts that Pakistan triumphed over India, but, mostly it's a story of strategic and political failure from Pakistan. Even top Pakistani officials, such as General Mehmood Ahmed, who served as ISI chief from 1999-2001, have acknowledged Pakistan's losses. His book "The Myth of 1965 Victory" had caused quite a stir in Pakistan. While the naval role wasn't much during the war, Operation Dwarka, launched by Pakistan, played a key role in galvanising the Indian political leadership in expanding the budget for the Indian Navy. Under the operation, Dwarka was bombed, since Pakistan believed that it housed a radar installation. Pakistan Navy had deployed, PNS Babur, PNS Khaibar, and PNS Badr among other Naval vessels to bomb the town in the state of Gujarat. The operation had no real impact on the course of the war, with no strategic feat achieved. The overnight bombing saw the bombing of the guest house of the railway station. In fact, Pakistan marks its Navy Day on September 8, since it was on this day that it carried out the operation to bomb Dwarka -- a place that also holds immense historical value in the Indian subcontinent. Watch | Pakistan General Asim Munir clubs Kargil war with other wars against India 1971 war was the turning point with India gaining naval superiority in the region. The war saw the Indian Navy's blockade of East Pakistan, blockage of Karachi port-Pakistan's economic lifeline, and the sinking of PNS Ghazi, unprecedented in the Indian defence history. Sinking of PNS Ghazi, a submarine in the Pakistan Navy, originally leased from the United States as USS Diablo (SS-479) under the Security Assistance Program in 1963, remains the key moment of the war, that led to the creation of the state of Bangladesh. The sinking of PNS Ghazi has been a point of national pride for India, often celebrated in military history. According to Commodore (Retd) Seshadri Vasan, a veteran of the Indian Navy, “The Navy came of age in the 1971 war. The first missiles in the North Arabian Sea were fired by the Indian Navy, demonstrating our growing maritime prowess.” While both navies have evolved since then, India’s consistent focus on indigenisation has given it a long-term advantage. The Indian Navy’s emphasis on indigenous weapon systems and sensors reduces dependence on foreign suppliers, unlike Pakistan, which relies heavily on external sources, particularly China," India's geography has been advantageous for it. The extensive coastline helps it to be at the centre of the Indian Ocean, with strategic outposts like the Lakshadweep and Andaman Islands giving it further inroads in one of the busiest shipping routes of the world. “In terms of sea control and sea denial operations, the Indian Navy has the clear upper hand,” Commodore Vasan pointed. “The Pakistan Navy, though capable of defending its coastal waters, lacks the strategic reach and firepower of its Indian counterpart.” Also read | 'Come and join us': Defence Minister Rajnath Singh tells PoK residents to leave Pakistan for India Today, the Indian Navy continues to dominate the maritime domain and the Indian Ocean region. It remains a blue water navy, which means, its presence remains across the vast open oceans, unlike the Pakistani Navy, which is seen as a green water navy. The Indian Navy has two aircraft carriers—INS Vikramaditya and the indigenously built INS Vikrant and modern surface combatants, such as the INS Kolkata-class destroyers and Shivalik-class frigates, which are equipped with advanced weaponry and sensor systems. The Indian vessels far outclass Pakistan’s F-22P Zulfiquar-class frigates and the recently acquired Type 054A/P frigates from China. Rawalpindi has been engaging with Beijing for the modernisation of the Pakistan Navy by the end of this decade.

India's naval superiority over Pakistan: Remembering 1965, 1971 wars

The Indian Navy is likely to commission its second nuclear submarine INS Arighat on Thursday (August 29). This addition will support the existing INS Arihant and enhance India's nuclear deterrence capabilities. WION decodes INS Arighat in this report.

Explained: INS Arighat - India's second nuclear submarine

India on Thursday (Aug 29) formally commissioned its second Arihant-class submarine into its navy. The nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arighat, is considered an advanced version of its predecessor. Speaking during the ceremony in Visakhapatnam, Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said the submarine would further strengthen India’s nuclear triad and deterrence capabilities.

He added that the submarine would help New Delhi maintain peace in the region and play a decisive role.

Rajnath Singh also highlighted the “unwavering resolve” of the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to achieve ‘Atma Nirbharta (self-reliance) ’ in the defence sector.

The defence minister also lauded the efforts of the Indian Navy, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and defence industry for their dedication and hard work. He added that the boost to the defence sector would also help the country achieve economic prosperity as more jobs would be generated.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwjb6o7ZxpqIAxVyr1YBHZDfLhkQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/engineer-claims-he-only-worked-on-platform-of-collapsed-chhatrapati-shivaji-statue-in-indias-sindhudurg-754189" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/engineer-claims-he-only-worked-on-platform-of-collapsed-chhatrapati-shivaji-statue-in-indias-sindhudurg-754189&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjb6o7ZxpqIAxVyr1YBHZDfLhkQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE">Engineer claims he `only worked on platform` of collapsed Chhatrapati Shivaji statue in India`s Sindhudurg</a>

"Today, India is surging ahead to become a developed country. It is essential for us to develop rapidly in every field, including defence, especially in today's geopolitical scenario," Rajnath Singh said.

"Along with economic prosperity, we need a strong military. Our government is working on mission mode to ensure that our soldiers possess top-quality weapons and platforms made on Indian soil," he added.

Notably, the nuclear-powered ballistic submarines have been named Arihant, a Sanskrit word which roughly translates to ‘Destroyer of the Enemy.’

<h2>Significance</h2>

The 112-metre-long submarine is armed with K-15 missiles, with an impressive strike range of 750 km.

India has a “no first use” nuclear policy. So, since the submarine is hard to detect, it provides New Delhi&nbsp;with the ability to strike back and maintain deterrence in the event of a surprise nuclear attack.

Major naval powers, like the United States and China, rely on such submarines to boost their nuclear deterrence. China has six Jin-class SSBNs with JL-3 missiles capable of 10,000 kilometres, and the US operates 14 Ohio-class SSBNs. &nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwjb6o7ZxpqIAxVyr1YBHZDfLhkQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/heres-what-led-to-the-collapse-of-chhatrapati-shivaji-statue-in-indias-sindhudurg-753625" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/heres-what-led-to-the-collapse-of-chhatrapati-shivaji-statue-in-indias-sindhudurg-753625&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjb6o7ZxpqIAxVyr1YBHZDfLhkQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE">Here`s what led to the collapse of Chhatrapati Shivaji statue in India`s Sindhudurg</a>

As per media reports, India plans to build five such Arihant class submarines as well as six nuclear attack submarines in the coming years.

(With inputs from agencies)

India on Thursday (Aug 29) formally commissioned its second Arihant-class submarine into its navy. The nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arighat, is considered an advanced version of its predecessor.

India on Thursday (Aug 29) formally commissioned its second Arihant-class submarine into its navy. The nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arighat, is considered an advanced version of its predecessor. Speaking during the ceremony in Visakhapatnam, Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said the submarine would further strengthen India’s nuclear triad and deterrence capabilities. He added that the submarine would help New Delhi maintain peace in the region and play a decisive role. Rajnath Singh also highlighted the “unwavering resolve” of the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to achieve ‘Atma Nirbharta (self-reliance) ’ in the defence sector. The defence minister also lauded the efforts of the Indian Navy, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and defence industry for their dedication and hard work. He added that the boost to the defence sector would also help the country achieve economic prosperity as more jobs would be generated. Also read: Engineer claims he `only worked on platform` of collapsed Chhatrapati Shivaji statue in India`s Sindhudurg "Today, India is surging ahead to become a developed country. It is essential for us to develop rapidly in every field, including defence, especially in today's geopolitical scenario," Rajnath Singh said. "Along with economic prosperity, we need a strong military. Our government is working on mission mode to ensure that our soldiers possess top-quality weapons and platforms made on Indian soil," he added. Notably, the nuclear-powered ballistic submarines have been named Arihant, a Sanskrit word which roughly translates to ‘Destroyer of the Enemy.’ Significance The 112-metre-long submarine is armed with K-15 missiles, with an impressive strike range of 750 km. India has a “no first use” nuclear policy. So, since the submarine is hard to detect, it provides New Delhi with the ability to strike back and maintain deterrence in the event of a surprise nuclear attack. Major naval powers, like the United States and China, rely on such submarines to boost their nuclear deterrence. China has six Jin-class SSBNs with JL-3 missiles capable of 10,000 kilometres, and the US operates 14 Ohio-class SSBNs. Also read: Here`s what led to the collapse of Chhatrapati Shivaji statue in India`s Sindhudurg As per media reports, India plans to build five such Arihant class submarines as well as six nuclear attack submarines in the coming years. (With inputs from agencies)

Second Arihant-class submarine commissioned into the Indian Navy, know its significance

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