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Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS could be covered with icy volcanoes, which erupted as it neared the Sun, a study has found. Researchers say that as the comet's proximity to our star decreased, &nbsp;a series of cryovolcanoes, or ice volcanoes, erupted on its surface. According to the study posted November 24 to the preprint server arXiv, the composition of 3I/ATLAS can explain these icy jets. Study authors say that their findings show that the alien comet is similar to dwarf planets and other objects that orbit the sun beyond Neptune. This would mean that the interstellar comet shares some of the properties with several bodies in our solar system. Notably, 3I/ATLAS is dated to be 7-14 billion years old, way before our star system came into existence.&nbsp;The study was led by Josep Trigo-Rodríguez, a staff leading researcher at the Institute of Space Sciences (CSIC/IEEC) in Spain. His team tried to dive deep into the history of 3I/ATLAS, as it is only the third interstellar object. It can offer vital clues about the world beyond our solar system and the early universe. Trigo-Rodríguez and his colleagues used the Joan Oró Telescope at the Montsec Observatory in the northeastern Catalonia region of Spain to observe the comet, and also coordinated with observatories for better data.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/updates-on-3i-atlas-clearest-image-of-interstellar-comet-what-nasa-and-india-saw-and-live-observations-1764060396806">Updates on 3I/ATLAS: Clearest image of interstellar comet, what NASA and India saw, and live observations</a>Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/asteroid-bennu-carries-the-building-blocks-of-happiness-nasa-finds-1764650332764">Universe makes us happy, quite literally: NASA finds ‘Happy Hormone’ molecule in asteroid Bennu</a>&nbsp;<h2>3I/ATLAS brightened near the Sun - Telescope captures jets of gas and dust</h2>The team observed 3I/ATLAS on October 29, right around the time it was to reach perihelion. They noted that as it approached the nearest point to the Sun, it got brighter. This is common for comets as the heat and radiation from our star triggers sublimation, that is, turning ice on comets into gas. However, in the case of 3I/ATLAS, they saw that the sublimation was way more intense when it got within about 378 million kilometres of the sun. The Joan Oró Telescope captured the highest-resolution images yet of jets of gas and dust particles on the comet. Trigo-Rodríguez's team believes these jets are clear signs of cryovolcanism on 3I/ATLAS.&nbsp;<h2>3I/ATLAS releases pristine material</h2>Within our solar system, trans-Neptunian bodies, such as Pluto and Eris, rich in ice, witness cryo-volcanic eruptions. For them, this happens because of internal heat. In the case of 3I/ATLAS, researchers believe the icy volcanoes are releasing pristine material locked within the comet. As it got closer to the Sun, the heat warmed up frozen carbon dioxide inside it, and the resultant gas rushed through the comet’s porous, icy body. It potentially carried or enabled other fluids or oxidising liquids to seep inward, triggering a reaction with metallic grains like nickel and iron sulfides.&nbsp;Scientists are unsure of the origin point of 3I/ATLAS. Some say it likely originated in the Milky Way's thick disk, while other studies suggest it could have been born in the thin disk. It is older than our solar system, and has been on a journey for billions of years. The comet will soon exit, never to return.

3I/ATLAS is covered with icy volcanoes that erupted as it came near the Sun. A team of Spanish scientists spotted jets of ice and dust being released from the interstellar comet at perihelion. This explains why it brightened near the Sun. 

Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS could be covered with icy volcanoes, which erupted as it neared the Sun, a study has found. Researchers say that as the comet's proximity to our star decreased, a series of cryovolcanoes, or ice volcanoes, erupted on its surface. According to the study posted November 24 to the preprint server arXiv, the composition of 3I/ATLAS can explain these icy jets. Study authors say that their findings show that the alien comet is similar to dwarf planets and other objects that orbit the sun beyond Neptune. This would mean that the interstellar comet shares some of the properties with several bodies in our solar system. Notably, 3I/ATLAS is dated to be 7-14 billion years old, way before our star system came into existence. The study was led by Josep Trigo-Rodríguez, a staff leading researcher at the Institute of Space Sciences (CSIC/IEEC) in Spain. His team tried to dive deep into the history of 3I/ATLAS, as it is only the third interstellar object. It can offer vital clues about the world beyond our solar system and the early universe. Trigo-Rodríguez and his colleagues used the Joan Oró Telescope at the Montsec Observatory in the northeastern Catalonia region of Spain to observe the comet, and also coordinated with observatories for better data. Also Read: Updates on 3I/ATLAS: Clearest image of interstellar comet, what NASA and India saw, and live observations Also Read: Universe makes us happy, quite literally: NASA finds ‘Happy Hormone’ molecule in asteroid Bennu 3I/ATLAS brightened near the Sun - Telescope captures jets of gas and dust The team observed 3I/ATLAS on October 29, right around the time it was to reach perihelion. They noted that as it approached the nearest point to the Sun, it got brighter. This is common for comets as the heat and radiation from our star triggers sublimation, that is, turning ice on comets into gas. However, in the case of 3I/ATLAS, they saw that the sublimation was way more intense when it got within about 378 million kilometres of the sun. The Joan Oró Telescope captured the highest-resolution images yet of jets of gas and dust particles on the comet. Trigo-Rodríguez's team believes these jets are clear signs of cryovolcanism on 3I/ATLAS. 3I/ATLAS releases pristine material Within our solar system, trans-Neptunian bodies, such as Pluto and Eris, rich in ice, witness cryo-volcanic eruptions. For them, this happens because of internal heat. In the case of 3I/ATLAS, researchers believe the icy volcanoes are releasing pristine material locked within the comet. As it got closer to the Sun, the heat warmed up frozen carbon dioxide inside it, and the resultant gas rushed through the comet’s porous, icy body. It potentially carried or enabled other fluids or oxidising liquids to seep inward, triggering a reaction with metallic grains like nickel and iron sulfides. Scientists are unsure of the origin point of 3I/ATLAS. Some say it likely originated in the Milky Way's thick disk, while other studies suggest it could have been born in the thin disk. It is older than our solar system, and has been on a journey for billions of years. The comet will soon exit, never to return.

3I/ATLAS is covered with icy volcanoes that erupted as it came near the Sun. A team of Spanish scientists spotted jets of ice and dust being released from the interstellar comet at perihelion. This explains why it brightened near the Sun.&nbsp;

3I/ATLAS spewed pristine material as ice volcanoes erupted near the Sun, Spanish scientists find

Russia has a cosmic problem at hand. The country was left with a damaged launch pad after sending three cosmonauts to the International Space Station (ISS) on November 27. Based in Kazakhstan, it is the only working launch pad Russia uses to send humans into space. This means that, for the first time in more than 60 years, Roscosmos is unable to launch cosmonauts, Live Science reported. The Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft lifted off from Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at around 2:30 pm local time. Russian cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev, alongside NASA astronaut Chris Williams, were on board the spacecraft. They reached the ISS successfully.<h2>What Russia space agency said about the damage</h2>However, after the launch, when Roscosmos inspected the launch pad, the engineers found significant damage after the take-off. "The launch pad was inspected, as is done every time a rocket is launched. Damage to several launch pad components was identified," Roscosmos representatives wrote in a translated statement on Telegram. They added that the damage was "currently being assessed" and would be "repaired shortly," giving no details on what had happened, and how long it would take to fix the problem.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/nasa-wanted-to-blast-a-hydrogen-bomb-on-the-moon-in-1950s-here-s-why-it-did-not-1764598076559">NASA wanted to nuke the Moon in 1950s out of jealousy. Here's why it did not</a>&nbsp;Meanwhile, Ars Technica reported that the problem occurred with the service platform used to access rockets' engines. Reportedly, the roughly 22-ton part fell into the "flame trench" below, the portion where the rocket's plumes are directed. Russia might opt to replace the platform if fixing it takes too long. However, till then, Roscosmos has no way to launch humans into space. "In effect, from this day, Russia has lost the ability to launch humans into space, something that has not happened since 1961," Russian space journalist Vitaliy Egorov wrote on Telegram, as reported by CNN.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-could-display-its-most-remarkable-anomaly-near-jupiter-rare-coincidence-at-perijove-1764325401352">3I/ATLAS could display its 'most remarkable anomaly' near Jupiter - Rare coincidence at perijove</a>&nbsp;Roscosmos retired the only other working pad, Site 1/5 (a.k.a. Gagarin's Start) in 2020. Since then, Site 31/6 is the only one it has that is capable of launching crewed Soyuz rockets. Even though it has two other active cosmodromes, Vostochny and Plesetsk, inside Russia, they cannot send crewed rockets into space. The Baikonur Cosmodrome was constructed in the late 1950s. After the Soviet Union fell in 1991, Kazakhstan loaned the site to Russia for around $115 million a year.

Russia has damaged the only launch pad it uses to send cosmonauts into space. This happened during its latest endeavour on November 27, when it launched two Russian and one American astronaut to the ISS. Roscosmos said it was assessing the damage and would make repairs soon. 

Russia has a cosmic problem at hand. The country was left with a damaged launch pad after sending three cosmonauts to the International Space Station (ISS) on November 27. Based in Kazakhstan, it is the only working launch pad Russia uses to send humans into space. This means that, for the first time in more than 60 years, Roscosmos is unable to launch cosmonauts, Live Science reported. The Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft lifted off from Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at around 2:30 pm local time. Russian cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev, alongside NASA astronaut Chris Williams, were on board the spacecraft. They reached the ISS successfully. What Russia space agency said about the damage However, after the launch, when Roscosmos inspected the launch pad, the engineers found significant damage after the take-off. "The launch pad was inspected, as is done every time a rocket is launched. Damage to several launch pad components was identified," Roscosmos representatives wrote in a translated statement on Telegram. They added that the damage was "currently being assessed" and would be "repaired shortly," giving no details on what had happened, and how long it would take to fix the problem. Also Read: NASA wanted to nuke the Moon in 1950s out of jealousy. Here's why it did not Meanwhile, Ars Technica reported that the problem occurred with the service platform used to access rockets' engines. Reportedly, the roughly 22-ton part fell into the "flame trench" below, the portion where the rocket's plumes are directed. Russia might opt to replace the platform if fixing it takes too long. However, till then, Roscosmos has no way to launch humans into space. "In effect, from this day, Russia has lost the ability to launch humans into space, something that has not happened since 1961," Russian space journalist Vitaliy Egorov wrote on Telegram, as reported by CNN. Also Read: 3I/ATLAS could display its 'most remarkable anomaly' near Jupiter - Rare coincidence at perijove Roscosmos retired the only other working pad, Site 1/5 (a.k.a. Gagarin's Start) in 2020. Since then, Site 31/6 is the only one it has that is capable of launching crewed Soyuz rockets. Even though it has two other active cosmodromes, Vostochny and Plesetsk, inside Russia, they cannot send crewed rockets into space. The Baikonur Cosmodrome was constructed in the late 1950s. After the Soviet Union fell in 1991, Kazakhstan loaned the site to Russia for around $115 million a year.

Russia has damaged the only launch pad it uses to send cosmonauts into space. This happened during its latest endeavour on November 27, when it launched two Russian and one American astronaut to the ISS. Roscosmos said it was assessing the damage and would make repairs soon.&nbsp;

Russia loses human-spaceflight capability for first time in nearly 70 years — Details

Science has gifted the world with multiple inventions. However, there was rarely only one person working on an idea. Some of the most notable inventions can be credited to multiple scientists who came up with the idea at almost the same time. 

Science has gifted the world with multiple inventions. However, there was rarely only one person working on an idea. Some of the most notable inventions can be credited to multiple scientists who came up with the idea at almost the same time.&nbsp;

Multiple discovery hypothesis: 5 inventions created by more than one scientist at almost the same time

NASA and several other space agencies are today vying to land humans again on the Moon. But, do you know there was a time when the Americans planned to nuke our lunar satellite? This might sound like science fiction, but it was a very real plot aimed at denting Soviet space agendas. According to documents, as part of the top-secret Project A119, the US wanted to bomb the Moon way before Neil Armstrong landed there. In the 1950s, the USSR was moving closer to landing its first astronauts on the Moon. For the US, that would have meant a huge loss. So, it thought of carving a huge crater on the Moon with the hydrogen bomb, way more powerful than the atomic bomb.Also Read: <a href="Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet">Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet</a><h2>NASA wanted to create a flash of light on the Moon</h2>The US thought of the terrifying plan so that it could mark its territory on the Moon if Russian astronauts got too close to their goal. On October 4, 1957, the USSR launched the first-ever satellite into space, Sputnik 1. The US got jittery, so scientist Leonard Reiffel joined hands with the Air Force and made reports between May 1958 and January 1959 about the feasibility of plans to bomb the Moon. NASA wanted to detonate the hydrogen bomb right on the Moon’s Terminator Line, the border between the light and dark sides of the Moon, since this would create a flash of light visible to everyone on Earth.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/believe-it-or-not-uranus-initial-name-was-quite-controversial-and-so-it-was-renamed-1764238501728">Believe it or not, Uranus' initial name was quite controversial, and so it was renamed</a>&nbsp;This action and achievement would prove to everyone, especially the Soviet Union, that the US had the technology that would put it in the pole position in wars, and no one should take them lightly. Thankfully, NASA did not go ahead with the plan to nuke the Moon because the Air Force was scared the action could impact Earth as well. "Project A119 was one of several ideas that were floated for an exciting response to Sputnik," Alex Wellerstein, a historian of science and nuclear technology, told the BBC. According to him, one of the plans even included shooting down Sputnik-1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

NASA planned to detonate a hydrogen bomb on the Moon in the 1950s. This was part of its competition with the Soviet Union as both nations aimed to land a man on the Moon. The latter had launched the first satellite from Earth in 1957, but NASA was still not there.

NASA and several other space agencies are today vying to land humans again on the Moon. But, do you know there was a time when the Americans planned to nuke our lunar satellite? This might sound like science fiction, but it was a very real plot aimed at denting Soviet space agendas. According to documents, as part of the top-secret Project A119, the US wanted to bomb the Moon way before Neil Armstrong landed there. In the 1950s, the USSR was moving closer to landing its first astronauts on the Moon. For the US, that would have meant a huge loss. So, it thought of carving a huge crater on the Moon with the hydrogen bomb, way more powerful than the atomic bomb. Also Read: Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet NASA wanted to create a flash of light on the Moon The US thought of the terrifying plan so that it could mark its territory on the Moon if Russian astronauts got too close to their goal. On October 4, 1957, the USSR launched the first-ever satellite into space, Sputnik 1. The US got jittery, so scientist Leonard Reiffel joined hands with the Air Force and made reports between May 1958 and January 1959 about the feasibility of plans to bomb the Moon. NASA wanted to detonate the hydrogen bomb right on the Moon’s Terminator Line, the border between the light and dark sides of the Moon, since this would create a flash of light visible to everyone on Earth. Also Read: Believe it or not, Uranus' initial name was quite controversial, and so it was renamed This action and achievement would prove to everyone, especially the Soviet Union, that the US had the technology that would put it in the pole position in wars, and no one should take them lightly. Thankfully, NASA did not go ahead with the plan to nuke the Moon because the Air Force was scared the action could impact Earth as well. "Project A119 was one of several ideas that were floated for an exciting response to Sputnik," Alex Wellerstein, a historian of science and nuclear technology, told the BBC. According to him, one of the plans even included shooting down Sputnik-1.

NASA planned to detonate a hydrogen bomb on the Moon in the 1950s. This was part of its competition with the Soviet Union as both nations aimed to land a man on the Moon. The latter had launched the first satellite from Earth in 1957, but NASA was still not there.

NASA wanted to nuke the Moon in 1950s out of jealousy. Here's why it did not

For decades, the Southern Ocean, which wraps around Antartica, has absorbed extraordinary amounts of excess warming, over 90 per cent of the planet’s heat, and a quarter of human-generated CO₂. Scientists now warn that this vast reservoir may not remain contained. New modelling published in AGU Advances suggests the ocean could abruptly release the stored warmth in what researchers describe as a climatic 'burp', triggering a renewed rise in global temperatures even after humanity succeeds in cutting emissions. Such a release could keep warming alive for more than a hundred years and emerge only after global cooling has begun.&nbsp;According to Daily Galaxy, the model shows that this heat release would not unfold gradually. Instead, after several centuries of net-negative emissions, during which carbon is removed from the atmosphere and global temperatures steadily fall, the Southern Ocean could suddenly overturn, sending long-buried heat to the surface. The resulting warming would be comparable to rates driven by human activity today.&nbsp;

The ‘burp’ is marked by gray shading

&nbsp;<h2>&nbsp;</h2><h2>&nbsp;</h2><h2>How a Heat ‘Burp’ Forms</h2> The mechanism behind this potential surge lies in the ocean’s structure. As described by the study and reported by Phys.org, the Southern Ocean becomes colder and saltier at the surface as new sea ice forms; the freezing process rejects salt into surrounding waters, making the surface layer denser. Warm water, however, remains trapped at depth. Over time, this imbalance destabilises the water column. Phys.org, quoting Svenja Frey of the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre, wrote, "At some point, the water column becomes unstable, and that's when we have the deep convection event", effectively allowing the deep heat to rise rapidly. The study finds that the resulting warming pulse would be strongest and longest-lasting in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly affecting countries in the global south. While some CO₂ may also be released, Daily Galaxy notes that the primary impact is thermal, not chemical.&nbsp;<h2>Implications for Future Climate Strategy</h2> The scenario remains a projection, not a certainty, yet scientists view it as a crucial insight into long-term climate behaviour. Climate researcher Kirsten Zickfeld, according to Phys.org emphasises that Earth’s response to net-negative emissions is poorly understood and may involve 'surprises', including feedbacks like this one. Importantly, overall temperatures still fall in the model, just not smoothly. "To be clear, in this scenario, removing atmospheric carbon significantly reduces global temperatures, even factoring in the burp. And the faster we move away from fossil fuels, the less CO2 we'll have to remove down the line", says live science.com.&nbsp;Ric Williams of the University of Liverpool emphasised that negative emissions remain beneficial but argued that 'rather than do negative emissions, it's better not to do the positive emissions in the first place', according to LiveScience.com.&nbsp; &nbsp;

The mechanism behind this potential surge lies in the ocean’s structure. As described by the study, the Southern Ocean becomes colder and saltier at the surface as new sea ice forms; the freezing process rejects salt into surrounding waters, making the surface layer denser.

For decades, the Southern Ocean, which wraps around Antartica, has absorbed extraordinary amounts of excess warming, over 90 per cent of the planet’s heat, and a quarter of human-generated CO₂. Scientists now warn that this vast reservoir may not remain contained. New modelling published in AGU Advances suggests the ocean could abruptly release the stored warmth in what researchers describe as a climatic 'burp', triggering a renewed rise in global temperatures even after humanity succeeds in cutting emissions. Such a release could keep warming alive for more than a hundred years and emerge only after global cooling has begun. According to Daily Galaxy, the model shows that this heat release would not unfold gradually. Instead, after several centuries of net-negative emissions, during which carbon is removed from the atmosphere and global temperatures steadily fall, the Southern Ocean could suddenly overturn, sending long-buried heat to the surface. The resulting warming would be comparable to rates driven by human activity today.

The mechanism behind this potential surge lies in the ocean’s structure. As described by the study, the Southern Ocean becomes colder and saltier at the surface as new sea ice forms; the freezing process rejects salt into surrounding waters, making the surface layer denser.

Scientists warn Antarctica’s Southern Ocean is building up a massive thermal ‘burp’

Skywatchers worldwide will be treated to 2025’s final supermoon as the Cold Moon rises on 4 December. Marking the last full moon of the year, it promises a striking display, especially just after moonrise when the well-known 'moon illusion' makes it appear larger near the horizon, according to the Daily Galaxy. The name 'Cold Moon' is traditionally linked to the onset of winter’s longest, darkest nights, and this year it carries added significance as the last chance to witness a supermoon before the year ends.<h2>Why the Cold Moon Qualifies as a Supermoon</h2> Although 'supermoon' is a popular term rather than an official astronomical category, &nbsp;it is commonly defined as a full moon that comes within 90 per cent of perigee, the closest point to Earth in its orbit. This proximity makes the moon appear brighter and up to around 14 per cent larger than it does at its most distant point. Because the Cold Moon reaches this favourable position, observers can expect a noticeably enhanced lunar disk without needing any specialised equipment.&nbsp;The moon’s closeness also slightly intensifies its gravitational pull, contributing to stronger-than-usual tides. While this effect is not extreme, it is a measurable feature of supermoons and adds to their scientific interest. For stargazers, even simple binoculars can reveal sharper contrasts along the lunar surface, though the spectacle remains impressive to the naked eye.&nbsp;<h2>When and Where to See the Cold Moon</h2> Timing will be essential for anyone hoping to view the moon at its most dramatic. The Cold Moon will reach its peak illumination at 6:14 PM EST on December 4, but its most striking appearance may occur shortly after moonrise. In New York, the moon will rise at about 3:54 PM EST; in Los Angeles, moonrise follows at roughly 4:22 PM PST. Across both locations, and globally, the first moments above the horizon may present the most memorable views. This cold moon is also said to be the highest full moon in the Northern Hemisphere sky in 2025. The cold moon is the 12th and final full moon of 2025. While a solar year lasts 365.24 days, a lunar year totals about 354.37 days, which sometimes leads to 13 full moons in one year. This last occurred in 2023 and will happen again in 2028.&nbsp;

This proximity makes the moon appear brighter and up to around 14 per cent larger than it does at its most distant point. Because the Cold Moon reaches this favourable position, observers can expect a noticeably enhanced lunar disk without needing any specialised equipment.

Skywatchers worldwide will be treated to 2025’s final supermoon as the Cold Moon rises on 4 December. Marking the last full moon of the year, it promises a striking display, especially just after moonrise when the well-known 'moon illusion' makes it appear larger near the horizon, according to the Daily Galaxy. The name 'Cold Moon' is traditionally linked to the onset of winter’s longest, darkest nights, and this year it carries added significance as the last chance to witness a supermoon before the year ends. Why the Cold Moon Qualifies as a Supermoon Although 'supermoon' is a popular term rather than an official astronomical category, it is commonly defined as a full moon that comes within 90 per cent of perigee, the closest point to Earth in its orbit. This proximity makes the moon appear brighter and up to around 14 per cent larger than it does at its most distant point. Because the Cold Moon reaches this favourable position, observers can expect a noticeably enhanced lunar disk without needing any specialised equipment. The moon’s closeness also slightly intensifies its gravitational pull, contributing to stronger-than-usual tides. While this effect is not extreme, it is a measurable feature of supermoons and adds to their scientific interest. For stargazers, even simple binoculars can reveal sharper contrasts along the lunar surface, though the spectacle remains impressive to the naked eye. When and Where to See the Cold Moon Timing will be essential for anyone hoping to view the moon at its most dramatic. The Cold Moon will reach its peak illumination at 6:14 PM EST on December 4, but its most striking appearance may occur shortly after moonrise. In New York, the moon will rise at about 3:54 PM EST; in Los Angeles, moonrise follows at roughly 4:22 PM PST. Across both locations, and globally, the first moments above the horizon may present the most memorable views. This cold moon is also said to be the highest full moon in the Northern Hemisphere sky in 2025. The cold moon is the 12th and final full moon of 2025. While a solar year lasts 365.24 days, a lunar year totals about 354.37 days, which sometimes leads to 13 full moons in one year. This last occurred in 2023 and will happen again in 2028.

This proximity makes the moon appear brighter and up to around 14 per cent larger than it does at its most distant point. Because the Cold Moon reaches this favourable position, observers can expect a noticeably enhanced lunar disk without needing any specialised equipment.

Cold Moon 2025: Year’s final supermoon to light up the sky on December 4

Scientists have made an important new discovery in the Arctic after finding a surprising group of walruses (a large animal that lives in or near the sea in Arctic regions) on the remote shores of Svalbard, a region located between mainland Norway and the North Pole. This discovery was possible through the Walrus from Space project, run by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the British Antarctic Survey (BAS).&nbsp;&nbsp;The newly identified walrus haul-out in Svalbard is a major step forward for Arctic research. A haul-out is a place where many walruses gather on land and this one had never been recorded before.&nbsp;&nbsp;It was spotted using satellite photos as part of the Walrus from Space program. Since 2021, thousands of volunteers have helped to search these images to find and count walruses, providing valuable information for conservation work. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Also Read - <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-could-display-its-most-remarkable-anomaly-near-jupiter-rare-coincidence-at-perijove-1764325401352">3I/ATLAS could display its 'most remarkable anomaly' near Jupiter at perijove</a>&nbsp;This project has become more important because walruses are under growing pressure from climate change. These huge animals, which can weigh up to two tonnes, depend on sea ice to rest. As the ice melts earlier and returns later each year, walruses struggle to find safe places to gather.&nbsp;&nbsp;According to Rod Downie from WWF, walruses play a key role in keeping the Arctic ecosystem healthy, and their decline can affect many other species.&nbsp;<h2>The growing need for Walrus protection</h2>As the climate warms, twice as fast in the Arctic as in the rest of the world, walruses face serious threats from shrinking sea ice, human activity and environmental damage.&nbsp;WWF and BAS are not only studying walruses but also pushing for stronger climate policies. Information from the Walrus from Space project is helping scientists to better understand the challenges these animals face and plan better ways to protect them in the neat future.

According to Rod Downie from WWF, walruses play a key role in keeping the Arctic ecosystem healthy, and their decline can affect many other species. 

Scientists have made an important new discovery in the Arctic after finding a surprising group of walruses (a large animal that lives in or near the sea in Arctic regions) on the remote shores of Svalbard, a region located between mainland Norway and the North Pole. This discovery was possible through the Walrus from Space project, run by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). The newly identified walrus haul-out in Svalbard is a major step forward for Arctic research. A haul-out is a place where many walruses gather on land and this one had never been recorded before. It was spotted using satellite photos as part of the Walrus from Space program. Since 2021, thousands of volunteers have helped to search these images to find and count walruses, providing valuable information for conservation work. Also Read - 3I/ATLAS could display its 'most remarkable anomaly' near Jupiter at perijove This project has become more important because walruses are under growing pressure from climate change. These huge animals, which can weigh up to two tonnes, depend on sea ice to rest. As the ice melts earlier and returns later each year, walruses struggle to find safe places to gather. According to Rod Downie from WWF, walruses play a key role in keeping the Arctic ecosystem healthy, and their decline can affect many other species. The growing need for Walrus protection As the climate warms, twice as fast in the Arctic as in the rest of the world, walruses face serious threats from shrinking sea ice, human activity and environmental damage. WWF and BAS are not only studying walruses but also pushing for stronger climate policies. Information from the Walrus from Space project is helping scientists to better understand the challenges these animals face and plan better ways to protect them in the neat future.

According to Rod Downie from WWF, walruses play a key role in keeping the Arctic ecosystem healthy, and their decline can affect many other species.&nbsp;

Never-seen-before discovery in Arctic! Scientists find THIS surprising species using satellite imagery

Scientists have revealed that doom-scrolling short-form content can have a major impact on the brain, triggering health issues such as depression and anxiety. A new study analysed data across social media platforms, analysing 98,299 participants across 71 studies to understand how watching Reels and TikTok affect us. This included both youths and adults, with researchers analysing their engagement patterns and various cognitive and mental health indicators. What they found was not shocking, considering how such content has carved a vast space in our lives.&nbsp;According to the study, endlessly watching short-form content can cause poor mental health, depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. Higher SFV consumption also affected cognitive health and was linked to poorer attention span in a majority of subjects. "The continuous cycle of swiping and receiving new, emotionally stimulating content has been proposed to trigger dopamine release, creating a reinforcement loop that contributes to patterns of habitual use and greater emotional reliance on digital interactions," the study states.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientist-warns-next-big-disaster-hidden-volcano-ethiopia-hayli-gubbi-1764228500671">World is not ready for its next big disaster, scientist warns - ‘Nobody’s watching...’</a><h2>Addiction to short videos affects health</h2>The researchers wrote in the study that such content has "transformed social media platforms, with features like Instagram Reels and YouTube Shorts fostering their widespread adoption." Besides entertainment, "SFVs are increasingly used in education, political campaigns, advertising, and consumerism." However, the problem lies with the interface that lets users endlessly scroll through videos, raising "concerns about addiction and negative health implications."&nbsp;"This habitual engagement may be associated with heightened stress and anxiety, as some users report difficulties disengaging and regulating their emotions in offline settings." Experts have already called out the ill effects of doomscrolling right before bedtime, and this study also reiterated it. "Consumption of SFVs in the hours before bedtime has been linked to disrupted sleep quality due to the blue light emitting from electronic devices, which may inhibit the production of melatonin and serotonin," the authors wrote.&nbsp;

If you are someone who watches Reels and TikTok endlessly, then be warned. This habit-forming activity has been linked not only to declining cognitive health but can also trigger anxiety and depression. More reasons to quit doom-scrolling.

Scientists have revealed that doom-scrolling short-form content can have a major impact on the brain, triggering health issues such as depression and anxiety. A new study analysed data across social media platforms, analysing 98,299 participants across 71 studies to understand how watching Reels and TikTok affect us. This included both youths and adults, with researchers analysing their engagement patterns and various cognitive and mental health indicators. What they found was not shocking, considering how such content has carved a vast space in our lives. According to the study, endlessly watching short-form content can cause poor mental health, depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. Higher SFV consumption also affected cognitive health and was linked to poorer attention span in a majority of subjects. "The continuous cycle of swiping and receiving new, emotionally stimulating content has been proposed to trigger dopamine release, creating a reinforcement loop that contributes to patterns of habitual use and greater emotional reliance on digital interactions," the study states. Also Read: World is not ready for its next big disaster, scientist warns - ‘Nobody’s watching...’ Addiction to short videos affects health The researchers wrote in the study that such content has "transformed social media platforms, with features like Instagram Reels and YouTube Shorts fostering their widespread adoption." Besides entertainment, "SFVs are increasingly used in education, political campaigns, advertising, and consumerism." However, the problem lies with the interface that lets users endlessly scroll through videos, raising "concerns about addiction and negative health implications." "This habitual engagement may be associated with heightened stress and anxiety, as some users report difficulties disengaging and regulating their emotions in offline settings." Experts have already called out the ill effects of doomscrolling right before bedtime, and this study also reiterated it. "Consumption of SFVs in the hours before bedtime has been linked to disrupted sleep quality due to the blue light emitting from electronic devices, which may inhibit the production of melatonin and serotonin," the authors wrote.

If you are someone who watches Reels and TikTok endlessly, then be warned. This habit-forming activity has been linked not only to declining cognitive health but can also trigger anxiety and depression. More reasons to quit doom-scrolling.

Is doom-scrolling short videos your daily ritual? Depression and anxiety are waiting for you

India has released a revised seismic hazard map as part of an updated Earthquake Design Code, marking a major overhaul in earthquake risk assessment. For the first time, the entire Himalayan region has been classified into the newly introduced highest-risk Zone VI, reflecting the region’s increasing vulnerability. This update, one of the most substantial shifts in seismic policy in decades, now places more than 60% of the country under moderate to high earthquake risk zones. Previously, the Himalayan arc was split between Zones IV and V, but the new approach offers a unified risk profile for the region, which had previously been underestimated due to the long absence of major earthquakes along fault lines, especially in the central Himalayas.<h2>Why the Himalayas are a danger zone?</h2>The Himalayas are classified as the highest seismic risk zone due to their position on one of the most active tectonic plate boundaries in the world. The Indian Plate is slowly moving northward at a rate of approximately 5 cm per year, colliding with the Eurasian Plate. This ongoing collision not only formed the Himalayas but continues to push the mountain range upward, causing significant stress beneath the Earth’s surface. When this stress is released, it results in powerful earthquakes.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/cyclone-ditwah-claims-56-lives-in-sri-lanka-pm-modi-announces-dispatch-of-relief-material-1764328769867">Cyclone Ditwah claims 56 lives in Sri Lanka; PM Modi announces dispatch of relief material</a>&nbsp;Additionally, the geological youth of the region means the rocks are still adjusting, with frequent folding and breaking, which contributes to the instability of the area. Several large fault systems, including the Main Frontal Thrust and Main Central Thrust, are found beneath the Himalayas and are capable of producing devastating earthquakes. The region also has several seismic gaps, areas where major earthquakes have not occurred for centuries—indicating that significant energy has accumulated and is due for release.<h3>What's new in the revised zonation?</h3>The updated seismic map takes into account new data about earthquake risk, including the potential for rupture propagation along the Himalayan Frontal Thrust, which extends the danger zones into areas like Dehradun. Key changes also involve reclassifying regions in the outer Himalayas, where fault lines could trigger earthquakes that impact populated foothill areas.&nbsp;In this new map, boundary towns between seismic zones are now automatically classified into the higher-risk zone, ensuring that geological realities are prioritized over administrative borders. This shift ensures that cities, towns, and infrastructure in vulnerable regions are designed with stricter engineering standards to minimize earthquake damage.&nbsp;The updated map reflects the ongoing tectonic activity between the Indian and Eurasian plates, particularly in densely populated regions like Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and parts of Uttar Pradesh. As a result, the map calls for urgent retrofitting of existing infrastructure, halting urban development on soft sediments or near active faults, and heightened awareness for earthquake preparedness. Experts praise this uniform approach as a critical step toward improving disaster resilience, especially as urbanisation continues to expand in these seismic hotspots. The new map, based on advanced modeling techniques, is a call to action for recalibrating India’s preparedness for seismic events across the nation.

New seismic map shifts Himalayan region into high-risk earthquake zone

India has released a revised seismic hazard map as part of an updated Earthquake Design Code, marking a major overhaul in earthquake risk assessment. For the first time, the entire Himalayan region has been classified into the newly introduced highest-risk Zone VI, reflecting the region’s increasing vulnerability. This update, one of the most substantial shifts in seismic policy in decades, now places more than 60% of the country under moderate to high earthquake risk zones. Previously, the Himalayan arc was split between Zones IV and V, but the new approach offers a unified risk profile for the region, which had previously been underestimated due to the long absence of major earthquakes along fault lines, especially in the central Himalayas. Why the Himalayas are a danger zone? The Himalayas are classified as the highest seismic risk zone due to their position on one of the most active tectonic plate boundaries in the world. The Indian Plate is slowly moving northward at a rate of approximately 5 cm per year, colliding with the Eurasian Plate. This ongoing collision not only formed the Himalayas but continues to push the mountain range upward, causing significant stress beneath the Earth’s surface. When this stress is released, it results in powerful earthquakes. Also Read: Cyclone Ditwah claims 56 lives in Sri Lanka; PM Modi announces dispatch of relief material Additionally, the geological youth of the region means the rocks are still adjusting, with frequent folding and breaking, which contributes to the instability of the area. Several large fault systems, including the Main Frontal Thrust and Main Central Thrust, are found beneath the Himalayas and are capable of producing devastating earthquakes. The region also has several seismic gaps, areas where major earthquakes have not occurred for centuries—indicating that significant energy has accumulated and is due for release. What's new in the revised zonation? The updated seismic map takes into account new data about earthquake risk, including the potential for rupture propagation along the Himalayan Frontal Thrust, which extends the danger zones into areas like Dehradun. Key changes also involve reclassifying regions in the outer Himalayas, where fault lines could trigger earthquakes that impact populated foothill areas. In this new map, boundary towns between seismic zones are now automatically classified into the higher-risk zone, ensuring that geological realities are prioritized over administrative borders. This shift ensures that cities, towns, and infrastructure in vulnerable regions are designed with stricter engineering standards to minimize earthquake damage. The updated map reflects the ongoing tectonic activity between the Indian and Eurasian plates, particularly in densely populated regions like Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and parts of Uttar Pradesh. As a result, the map calls for urgent retrofitting of existing infrastructure, halting urban development on soft sediments or near active faults, and heightened awareness for earthquake preparedness. Experts praise this uniform approach as a critical step toward improving disaster resilience, especially as urbanisation continues to expand in these seismic hotspots. The new map, based on advanced modeling techniques, is a call to action for recalibrating India’s preparedness for seismic events across the nation.

India’s new seismic map elevates the Himalayas to the highest earthquake risk zone, signaling urgent infrastructure updates and disaster preparedness across vulnerable areas

3I/ATLAS is set to fly by Jupiter on March 16, 2026, and this is where its "most remarkable" anomaly might come to the fore. The interstellar comet will be 53.445 million kilometres from the gas giant at its closest point, or perijove. This is almost identical to the planet's expected Hill radius at the time, 53.502 million kilometres. The Hill radius is the region around Jupiter, or any cosmic body, inside which its gravity dominates that of the bigger object, in this the Sun. Any small object placed outside this radius will be removed from Jupiter by the Sun’s gravity. Harvard scientist Avi Loeb says this is quite a coincidence, and might be exactly when the object's "most remarkable anomaly" might come to light.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-will-be-thrown-off-course-by-jupiter-as-it-exits-the-solar-system-1764147641279">3I/ATLAS will be thrown off-course by Jupiter as it exits the solar system</a>&nbsp;Loeb says if at perijove, "the rare coincidence between the perijove distance of 3I/ATLAS and the Hill radius materialises," then it could be a sign of "technological signature." Being at this point, it could release "technological devices as artificial satellites of Jupiter." This could potentially happen at the planet's Lagrange points L1 and L2 on the Hill sphere, where orbital corrections and fuel requirements are minimal."<h2>3I/ATLAS non-gravitational acceleration and Jupiter's Hill radius?</h2>He says the "coincidence between the perijove distance and the Hill radius" based on the diameter of Jupiter’s orbit around the Sun has a statistical likelihood smaller than 0.00004. Loeb states that the non-gravitational acceleration observed when 3I/ATLAS was near the Sun could have something to do with it. Maybe it needed this acceleration "to achieve this match." In this case, "the rare coincidence will constitute the most remarkable anomaly of 3I/ATLAS," he says.More clarity will be gained on the perijove distance and Jupiter's Hill radius in the coming months, particularly by the spacecraft Juno, Juice or Psyche. &nbsp;

3I/ATLAS is likely to pass very close to Jupiter Hill radius in March next year, and at this point, it could release tiny objects that might get caught in the planet gravity. If it does achieve this match, then that would be the biggest anomaly noted till now

3I/ATLAS is set to fly by Jupiter on March 16, 2026, and this is where its "most remarkable" anomaly might come to the fore. The interstellar comet will be 53.445 million kilometres from the gas giant at its closest point, or perijove. This is almost identical to the planet's expected Hill radius at the time, 53.502 million kilometres. The Hill radius is the region around Jupiter, or any cosmic body, inside which its gravity dominates that of the bigger object, in this the Sun. Any small object placed outside this radius will be removed from Jupiter by the Sun’s gravity. Harvard scientist Avi Loeb says this is quite a coincidence, and might be exactly when the object's "most remarkable anomaly" might come to light. Also Read: 3I/ATLAS will be thrown off-course by Jupiter as it exits the solar system Loeb says if at perijove, "the rare coincidence between the perijove distance of 3I/ATLAS and the Hill radius materialises," then it could be a sign of "technological signature." Being at this point, it could release "technological devices as artificial satellites of Jupiter." This could potentially happen at the planet's Lagrange points L1 and L2 on the Hill sphere, where orbital corrections and fuel requirements are minimal." 3I/ATLAS non-gravitational acceleration and Jupiter's Hill radius? He says the "coincidence between the perijove distance and the Hill radius" based on the diameter of Jupiter’s orbit around the Sun has a statistical likelihood smaller than 0.00004. Loeb states that the non-gravitational acceleration observed when 3I/ATLAS was near the Sun could have something to do with it. Maybe it needed this acceleration "to achieve this match." In this case, "the rare coincidence will constitute the most remarkable anomaly of 3I/ATLAS," he says. More clarity will be gained on the perijove distance and Jupiter's Hill radius in the coming months, particularly by the spacecraft Juno, Juice or Psyche.

3I/ATLAS, comet or alien spaceship? Turns out, we are not ready to give this interstellar object the clean chit. A scientist says it is strange that it will pass exactly near Jupiter's Hill radius. At this point, it could release objects that will get caught in the planet's gravity.&nbsp;

3I/ATLAS could display its 'most remarkable anomaly' near Jupiter - Rare coincidence at perijove

Indian scientists have discovered a bamboo stem from the Ice Age that continued to thrive while the others died as they couldn't endure the harsh cold in Europe and other colder regions. Researchers from the Birbal Sahni Institution of Palaeosciences (BSIP) found an intact bamboo stem with thorn marks in the Chirang River in Manipur’s Imphal Valley. The 37,000-year-old stem is the earliest thorny bamboo fossil found in Asia, and can reveal the continent’s botanical history, and possibly alter it. It is rare to find bamboo fossils since its hollow stems and fibrous tissues decay pretty quickly. The only way to learn about the history of bamboo is to compare modern species with their habitats.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientist-finds-earliest-evidence-that-rig-veda-verses-influenced-civilisations-outside-india-1755591662063">Scientist finds earliest evidence that Rig Veda verses influenced civilisations outside India</a><h2>Finding the marks on the bamboo stem was completely unexpected</h2>But when researchers from the institute stumbled upon this bamboo with scars all over it during a field survey, they knew that they had found something rare. The nature of the unusual markings wasn't clear initially. A detailed analysis was carried out to understand the bamboo species and what those marks could be. Scientists from the autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) found that the marks were left behind by thorns the bamboo once had. The stem was also assigned to the genus Chimonobambusa. Not only was there a bamboo stem fossil, but it was one with fossilised thorn marks.&nbsp;They then compared the stem with living thorny bamboos such as Bambusa bambos and Chimonobambusa callosa to learn about how it defended itself and its place in the ecological chain. The thorns act as a way for bamboos to protect themselves against herbivores. This is the first fossil evidence that bamboos in Asia had already developed thorniness during the Ice Age. The discovery points to the fact that the warm and humid conditions of Northeast India were a haven for bamboo at a time when other regions were too cold, where bamboos perished.The research was published in the journal Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology and carried out by Harshita Bhatia, Pushpa Kumari, NH Singh and Gaurav Srivastava.

A fossilised bamboo stem from the Ice Age has been found in Manipur, which throws light on how the warm and humid conditions of Northeast India supported plant life at a time when other regions proved too cold and killed the bamboos.

Indian scientists have discovered a bamboo stem from the Ice Age that continued to thrive while the others died as they couldn't endure the harsh cold in Europe and other colder regions. Researchers from the Birbal Sahni Institution of Palaeosciences (BSIP) found an intact bamboo stem with thorn marks in the Chirang River in Manipur’s Imphal Valley. The 37,000-year-old stem is the earliest thorny bamboo fossil found in Asia, and can reveal the continent’s botanical history, and possibly alter it. It is rare to find bamboo fossils since its hollow stems and fibrous tissues decay pretty quickly. The only way to learn about the history of bamboo is to compare modern species with their habitats. Also Read: Scientist finds earliest evidence that Rig Veda verses influenced civilisations outside India Finding the marks on the bamboo stem was completely unexpected But when researchers from the institute stumbled upon this bamboo with scars all over it during a field survey, they knew that they had found something rare. The nature of the unusual markings wasn't clear initially. A detailed analysis was carried out to understand the bamboo species and what those marks could be. Scientists from the autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) found that the marks were left behind by thorns the bamboo once had. The stem was also assigned to the genus Chimonobambusa. Not only was there a bamboo stem fossil, but it was one with fossilised thorn marks. They then compared the stem with living thorny bamboos such as Bambusa bambos and Chimonobambusa callosa to learn about how it defended itself and its place in the ecological chain. The thorns act as a way for bamboos to protect themselves against herbivores. This is the first fossil evidence that bamboos in Asia had already developed thorniness during the Ice Age. The discovery points to the fact that the warm and humid conditions of Northeast India were a haven for bamboo at a time when other regions were too cold, where bamboos perished. The research was published in the journal Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology and carried out by Harshita Bhatia, Pushpa Kumari, NH Singh and Gaurav Srivastava.

A fossilised bamboo stem from the Ice Age has been found in Manipur, which throws light on how the warm and humid conditions of Northeast India supported plant life at a time when other regions proved too cold and killed the bamboos.

Indian scientists stumble upon 37,000-year-old bamboo stem with strange marks in Manipur. It changes things for Asia

Uranus, the seventh planet in our solar system, is often mocked for its name. However, did you know that this was not the first name it got? In fact, its initial name was deemed even more controversial. Uranus was discovered in 1781 by the German-British composer and scientist William Herschel. This ice giant is blue in colour, has faint rings and has at least 27 moons. The telescope that Herschel was using at the time of the discovery was the 40-foot Newtonian reflector telescope. Built in 1789, it was the largest, most powerful telescope in the world. King George III gave grants totalling around $5,230 at the time to build this telescope.&nbsp;&nbsp;So when Herschel discovered Uranus using this technological marvel, he thought about honouring the King. He named it somewhat on those lines. The planet was initially named "the Georgium Sidus," Latin for George's Star. Space enthusiasts and scientists weren't happy with the name, and it stirred quite a controversy. Planets were typically named based on Greek or Roman mythology. But the usual planet naming criterion was not followed in this case. Besides, having the word "star" there made no sense since it wasn't a star, but a planet.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientist-thinks-red-giant-star-with-a-weird-spin-feasted-on-one-of-its-own-planet-1764237022142">Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet</a>&nbsp;NASA says that German astronomer Johann Elert Bode was the first to suggest the name Uranus. However, it wasn't until 1850 that it became common usage. Today, most cosmic bodies are named after the person who discovered them. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) approves the names and is the only organisation authorised to name planets and stars.<h2>Uranus has a 42-year-long day</h2>Uranus attracts extreme awe and fascination because it rotates on its side. It has an axial tilt of about 98 degrees, which was likely caused by some sort of collision years ago. It takes 84 years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Because of the extreme tilt, each pole experiences about 42 years of continuous sunlight followed by 42 years of darkness.

Uranus has not always had this name. While the planets current name might trigger a bit of laughter, its initial name generated some controversy. Here is the history of the blue-green planet name.

Uranus, the seventh planet in our solar system, is often mocked for its name. However, did you know that this was not the first name it got? In fact, its initial name was deemed even more controversial. Uranus was discovered in 1781 by the German-British composer and scientist William Herschel. This ice giant is blue in colour, has faint rings and has at least 27 moons. The telescope that Herschel was using at the time of the discovery was the 40-foot Newtonian reflector telescope. Built in 1789, it was the largest, most powerful telescope in the world. King George III gave grants totalling around $5,230 at the time to build this telescope. So when Herschel discovered Uranus using this technological marvel, he thought about honouring the King. He named it somewhat on those lines. The planet was initially named "the Georgium Sidus," Latin for George's Star. Space enthusiasts and scientists weren't happy with the name, and it stirred quite a controversy. Planets were typically named based on Greek or Roman mythology. But the usual planet naming criterion was not followed in this case. Besides, having the word "star" there made no sense since it wasn't a star, but a planet. Also Read: Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet NASA says that German astronomer Johann Elert Bode was the first to suggest the name Uranus. However, it wasn't until 1850 that it became common usage. Today, most cosmic bodies are named after the person who discovered them. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) approves the names and is the only organisation authorised to name planets and stars. Uranus has a 42-year-long day Uranus attracts extreme awe and fascination because it rotates on its side. It has an axial tilt of about 98 degrees, which was likely caused by some sort of collision years ago. It takes 84 years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Because of the extreme tilt, each pole experiences about 42 years of continuous sunlight followed by 42 years of darkness.

Uranus hasn't always had this name. While the planet's current name might trigger a bit of laughter, its initial name generated some controversy. Here is the history of the blue-green planet's name.

Believe it or not, Uranus' initial name was quite controversial, and so it was renamed

Scientists have found why Kepler-56, a red giant star, has a weird spin, and according to a new study, this is because it likely gobbled up one of the planets orbiting it. Takato Tokuno, a doctoral student in the Department of Astronomy at the University of Tokyo, studied the star's peculiar movement. The outer envelope of Kepler-56 is spinning incredibly rapidly, more than what is ideal for a red giant star. The star's core is also misaligned with its outer envelope as it spins in different directions. This could probably have been because of one of its giant planets, since they can exert a pull on their star, just like Jupiter does on the Sun. The action repeated over millions of years could lead to the outer atmosphere spinning faster.&nbsp;However, this scenario seemed unlikely in this case, since for planets to raise rides and transfer rotational energy to the star would require a very perfect and efficient setting. Tokuno then tried to analyse the possibility that the star could have eaten up the planet, causing the weird spin. This action would affect the rotation of the star. A collision would lead to the star absorbing the energy of that impact and spinning faster. Kepler-56's core and atmosphere would also become misaligned if the strike happens at an odd angle.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/2300-foot-newly-discovered-killer-twilight-asteroid-near-sun-could-kill-billions-1764224226975">2,300ft newly discovered killer 'twilight' asteroid near the Sun could kill billions</a><h2>What was the planet that was eaten up by Kepler-56 like?&nbsp;</h2>In the paper, Tokuno suggests that a planet that would have become Kepler-56's meal would have weighed somewhere between half the mass of Jupiter and twice its mass and had an orbital period of between one and six days. This is what typical "hot Jupiter" exoplanets are like that ultimately meet a similar fate. However, it is also possible that the star was born with a high spin rate. But that wouldn't explain the misalignment between the core and the atmosphere. And even if we assume that it was born this way, the fast spin would again only be explained by the likelihood that it ate a planet while it was still young. The paper was uploaded to the preprint server arXiv on October 29.

However, this scenario seemed unlikely in this case, since for planets to raise rides and transfer rotational energy to the star would require a very perfect and efficient setting. Tokuno then tried to analyse the possibility that the star could have eaten up the planet, causing the weird spin. This action would affect the rotation of the star. A collision would lead to the star absorbing the energy of that impact and spinning faster. Kepler-56's core and atmosphere would also become misaligned if the strike happens at an odd angle.In the paper, Tokuno suggests that a planet that would have become Kepler-56's meal would have weighed somewhere between half the mass of Jupiter and twice its mass and had an orbital period of between one and six days. This is what typical "hot Jupiter" exoplanets are like that ultimately meet a similar fate. However, it is also possible that the star was born with a high spin rate. But that wouldn't explain the misalignment between the core and the atmosphere. And even if we assume that it was born this way, the fast spin would again only be explained by the likelihood that it ate a planet while it was still young. The paper was uploaded to the preprint server arXiv on October 29.

Kepler-56 is a red giant star slightly bigger than our Sun and with two planets around it. But it has a strange spin as its outer layer is moving faster and is also misaligned with its interior. A scientist thinks it is likely that it ate one of its planets, which caused this weird wobble.

Scientists have found why Kepler-56, a red giant star, has a weird spin, and according to a new study, this is because it likely gobbled up one of the planets orbiting it. Takato Tokuno, a doctoral student in the Department of Astronomy at the University of Tokyo, studied the star's peculiar movement. The outer envelope of Kepler-56 is spinning incredibly rapidly, more than what is ideal for a red giant star. The star's core is also misaligned with its outer envelope as it spins in different directions. This could probably have been because of one of its giant planets, since they can exert a pull on their star, just like Jupiter does on the Sun. The action repeated over millions of years could lead to the outer atmosphere spinning faster. However, this scenario seemed unlikely in this case, since for planets to raise rides and transfer rotational energy to the star would require a very perfect and efficient setting. Tokuno then tried to analyse the possibility that the star could have eaten up the planet, causing the weird spin. This action would affect the rotation of the star. A collision would lead to the star absorbing the energy of that impact and spinning faster. Kepler-56's core and atmosphere would also become misaligned if the strike happens at an odd angle. Also Read: 2,300ft newly discovered killer 'twilight' asteroid near the Sun could kill billions What was the planet that was eaten up by Kepler-56 like? In the paper, Tokuno suggests that a planet that would have become Kepler-56's meal would have weighed somewhere between half the mass of Jupiter and twice its mass and had an orbital period of between one and six days. This is what typical "hot Jupiter" exoplanets are like that ultimately meet a similar fate. However, it is also possible that the star was born with a high spin rate. But that wouldn't explain the misalignment between the core and the atmosphere. And even if we assume that it was born this way, the fast spin would again only be explained by the likelihood that it ate a planet while it was still young. The paper was uploaded to the preprint server arXiv on October 29.

Kepler-56 is a red giant star slightly bigger than our Sun and with two planets around it. But it has a strange spin as its outer layer is moving faster and is also misaligned with its interior. A scientist thinks it is likely that it ate one of its planets, which caused this weird wobble.

Scientist thinks red giant star with a weird spin feasted on its own planet

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday virtually inaugurated Skyroot Aerospace's Infinity Campus in Hyderabad, unveiling Vikram-I, India's first orbital rocket developed by a private agency. PM Modi stated that India is on its way to emerge as a global leader in satellite launch systems, calling the achievement a symbol of the credibility and innovation of the country.&nbsp;"India has created its insignia in credibility, capacity, and value in the space sector," Prime Minister Modi said while virtually inaugurating the rocket and appreciated the founders of Skyroot, Pawan Chandana and Bharath Daka, calling them a "big inspiration for the youth of the country."&nbsp;While addressing, Prime Minister Modi underscored the growth of the private space sector, pioneered by companies like Skyroot, which is a direct testament to the reforms of the government aiming at fostering innovation and allowing private enterprise to enter the space domain.<h3>What is the Vikram-I rocket?</h3>Vikram-I, designed and developed by Hyderabad-based Skyroot Aerospace, which is India's new private orbital-class launch vehicle, has been named after space pioneer Vikram Sarabhai. The four-stage rocket, Vikram-I, targets the small satellite market, covering rapid and cost-effective launches.&nbsp;It is 20 meters tall with a diameter of 1.7 meters, which generates 1,200 kN of thrust using an all-carbon composite structure for lightweight strength, including efficiency. The design of the rocket covers simplicity, reliability, and quick reverse, enabling it to launch within 24 hours from any site. In addition, the solid-fueled first three stages of the rocket provide a robust initial boost, topped by a hypergolic liquid upper stage for precise orbital adjustments.&nbsp;Key advances include 3D-printed engines that cut weight by half and shorten production time by 80 per cent, along with ultra-low-shock pneumatic separation systems and upgraded avionics that enable real-time navigation.&nbsp;Skyroot’s Vikram-I launcher is capable of placing up to 350 kg into low Earth orbit (LEO) or 260 kg into a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), with its payload capacity varying by mission profile. For instance, it can carry 290 kg to a 500 km SSO, or 480 kg to a 500 km LEO at a 45-degree inclination.&nbsp;A series of successful trials, including Kalam-1200 proof-pressure testing and payload-fairing separation, has confirmed the rocket’s readiness. Vikram-I strengthens India’s private space sector and complements ISRO’s capabilities as global competition intensifies.&nbsp;Skyroot is aiming for an early-2026 debut flight, aiming to tap into the fast-expanding small-satellite market, within an Indian space economy expected to grow $77 billion by 2030.

Vikram-I, designed and developed by Hyderabad-based Skyroot Aerospace, which is India's new private orbital-class launch vehicle, has been named after space pioneer Vikram Sarabhai. 

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Thursday virtually inaugurated Skyroot Aerospace's Infinity Campus in Hyderabad, unveiling Vikram-I, India's first orbital rocket developed by a private agency. PM Modi stated that India is on its way to emerge as a global leader in satellite launch systems, calling the achievement a symbol of the credibility and innovation of the country. "India has created its insignia in credibility, capacity, and value in the space sector," Prime Minister Modi said while virtually inaugurating the rocket and appreciated the founders of Skyroot, Pawan Chandana and Bharath Daka, calling them a "big inspiration for the youth of the country." While addressing, Prime Minister Modi underscored the growth of the private space sector, pioneered by companies like Skyroot, which is a direct testament to the reforms of the government aiming at fostering innovation and allowing private enterprise to enter the space domain. What is the Vikram-I rocket? Vikram-I, designed and developed by Hyderabad-based Skyroot Aerospace, which is India's new private orbital-class launch vehicle, has been named after space pioneer Vikram Sarabhai. The four-stage rocket, Vikram-I, targets the small satellite market, covering rapid and cost-effective launches. It is 20 meters tall with a diameter of 1.7 meters, which generates 1,200 kN of thrust using an all-carbon composite structure for lightweight strength, including efficiency. The design of the rocket covers simplicity, reliability, and quick reverse, enabling it to launch within 24 hours from any site. In addition, the solid-fueled first three stages of the rocket provide a robust initial boost, topped by a hypergolic liquid upper stage for precise orbital adjustments. Key advances include 3D-printed engines that cut weight by half and shorten production time by 80 per cent, along with ultra-low-shock pneumatic separation systems and upgraded avionics that enable real-time navigation. Skyroot’s Vikram-I launcher is capable of placing up to 350 kg into low Earth orbit (LEO) or 260 kg into a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), with its payload capacity varying by mission profile. For instance, it can carry 290 kg to a 500 km SSO, or 480 kg to a 500 km LEO at a 45-degree inclination. A series of successful trials, including Kalam-1200 proof-pressure testing and payload-fairing separation, has confirmed the rocket’s readiness. Vikram-I strengthens India’s private space sector and complements ISRO’s capabilities as global competition intensifies. Skyroot is aiming for an early-2026 debut flight, aiming to tap into the fast-expanding small-satellite market, within an Indian space economy expected to grow $77 billion by 2030.

Vikram-I, designed and developed by Hyderabad-based Skyroot Aerospace, which is India's new private orbital-class launch vehicle, has been named after space pioneer Vikram Sarabhai.&nbsp;

Unveiling Vikram-1: India's first commercial private rocket launched. know about payload and orbital adjustments

The Ethiopian volcano that erupted after nearly 12,000 years is a warning sign that the world is not ready to handle such a sudden natural event. While authorities look at active volcanoes, such as Mount Etna in Sicily or Yellowstone in the US, one that has been silent for a long time will cause the next global volcanic disaster, Mike Cassidy wrote in a paper published by The Conversation. He wrote that these "hidden" volcanoes erupt more often than most people realise. The Hayli Gubbi volcano in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia is an example of such an event. It erupted on November 23 after 11,700 years, and for the first time in the Holocene epoch, that is, since the end of the last ice age. It sent an ash cloud measuring 45,000 feet high, which drifted northeastward into northern India.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/ethiopian-volcano-eruption-for-first-time-in-12-000-years-captured-from-space-could-africa-split-be-to-blame-1764140242796">PHOTO: Ethiopian volcano eruption for first time in 12,000 years captured from space</a>&nbsp;Cassidy gives another example, that of the Mexican volcano El Chichón, which erupted in 1982 after being dormant for centuries. It wasn't a famous volcano, and so wasn't being monitored. Hot rock, gas and ash filled rivers and destroyed buildings, killing over 2,000 people and displacing 20,000. It also triggered a major change in climate as the sulphur formed reflective particles in the upper atmosphere. The northern hemisphere cooled, and the African monsoon shifted southwards, causing extreme drought, Cassidy wrote.&nbsp;https://www.wionews.com/videos/fire-fury-ethiopia-s-volcano-unveils-africa-s-slow-motion-break-1764177008641/embed<h2>Only a few popular volcanoes are monitored, leaving a major gap</h2>He claims that "fewer than half of active volcanoes are monitored, and scientific research still disproportionately focuses on the well-known few." He added, "There are more published studies on one volcano (Mount Etna) than on all the 160 volcanoes of Indonesia, Philippines and Vanuatu combined." Focusing attention on only a few known volcanic eruptions, such as the recent Iceland events, forms a "dangerous pattern," Cassidy warns. Sudden large volcanic eruptions can trigger famines, disease outbreaks and major social upheaval, but "scientists still lack a global system to anticipate or manage these future risks." He further warns that three-quarters of large eruptions come from volcanoes that have been quiet for at least 100 years. Cassidy pushed for proactive action and preparedness instead of reacting after an eruption.

The Ethiopian volcanic eruption is a warning that another similar event, or even a bigger one, is right around the corner. While experts watch only a few active volcanoes, a silent one that nobody is watching can trigger a global disaster.

The Ethiopian volcano that erupted after nearly 12,000 years is a warning sign that the world is not ready to handle such a sudden natural event. While authorities look at active volcanoes, such as Mount Etna in Sicily or Yellowstone in the US, one that has been silent for a long time will cause the next global volcanic disaster, Mike Cassidy wrote in a paper published by The Conversation. He wrote that these "hidden" volcanoes erupt more often than most people realise. The Hayli Gubbi volcano in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia is an example of such an event. It erupted on November 23 after 11,700 years, and for the first time in the Holocene epoch, that is, since the end of the last ice age. It sent an ash cloud measuring 45,000 feet high, which drifted northeastward into northern India. Also Read: PHOTO: Ethiopian volcano eruption for first time in 12,000 years captured from space Cassidy gives another example, that of the Mexican volcano El Chichón, which erupted in 1982 after being dormant for centuries. It wasn't a famous volcano, and so wasn't being monitored. Hot rock, gas and ash filled rivers and destroyed buildings, killing over 2,000 people and displacing 20,000. It also triggered a major change in climate as the sulphur formed reflective particles in the upper atmosphere. The northern hemisphere cooled, and the African monsoon shifted southwards, causing extreme drought, Cassidy wrote. https://www.wionews.com/videos/fire-fury-ethiopia-s-volcano-unveils-africa-s-slow-motion-break-1764177008641/embed Only a few popular volcanoes are monitored, leaving a major gap He claims that "fewer than half of active volcanoes are monitored, and scientific research still disproportionately focuses on the well-known few." He added, "There are more published studies on one volcano (Mount Etna) than on all the 160 volcanoes of Indonesia, Philippines and Vanuatu combined." Focusing attention on only a few known volcanic eruptions, such as the recent Iceland events, forms a "dangerous pattern," Cassidy warns. Sudden large volcanic eruptions can trigger famines, disease outbreaks and major social upheaval, but "scientists still lack a global system to anticipate or manage these future risks." He further warns that three-quarters of large eruptions come from volcanoes that have been quiet for at least 100 years. Cassidy pushed for proactive action and preparedness instead of reacting after an eruption.

The Ethiopian volcanic eruption is a warning that another similar event, or even a bigger one, is right around the corner. While experts watch only a few active volcanoes, a silent one that nobody is watching can trigger a global disaster.

World is not ready for its next big disaster, scientist warns - 'Nobody’s watching...'

An astronomer has discovered an asteroid that can cause a catastrophic impact on a continental scale in the near future. This space rock is only the 39th in a group of near-Earth asteroids, known as Atiras, that orbit entirely within Earth's orbit. The problem with them is that they hide in the Sun's glare, which makes them hard to detect. 2025 SC79 was discovered by a scientist at the Carnegie Institute for Science in September. It has an extremely short orbital period as it completes a trip around the Sun in only 128 days. 2025 SC79 has the third-shortest orbital period of any asteroid and is also the second known object with an orbit entirely within Venus' orbit. It also crosses Mercury's orbit, the closest planet to the Sun, which completes an orbit in 88 days.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/another-study-claims-signals-at-heart-of-milky-way-triggered-by-dark-matter-1764154545112">Another study claims signals at heart of Milky Way triggered by dark matter</a>Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-will-be-thrown-off-course-by-jupiter-as-it-exits-the-solar-system-1764147641279">3I/ATLAS will be thrown off-course by Jupiter as it exits the solar system</a>&nbsp;<h2>Most killer asteroids are invisible</h2>The close distance to Earth is what makes such asteroids harder to discover. This also means that the Sun's glare drowns them out, making detection even harder. The failure to find these asteroids could one day lead to a catastrophic event on Earth. 2025 SC79 was discovered by Scott S. Sheppard using the Dark Energy Camera on the National Science Foundation’s Blanco 4-meter telescope, which is tasked with searching for killer asteroids. The newly discovered space rock is 2,300 ft in diameter, and if it ever crosses paths with Earth, mass destruction is inevitable, as it could kill billions of humans and animals. The NSF’s Gemini telescope and Carnegie Science’s Magellan telescopes confirmed the finding.&nbsp;“The most dangerous asteroids are the most difficult to detect,” Sheppard explained in a press release. He says most asteroids are discovered during nighttime, but not Atiras or other asteroids that lurk near the Sun. They can only be observed during twilight. "If these ‘twilight’ asteroids approach Earth, they could pose serious impact hazards," Sheppard said. Further analysis of the killer rock will have to wait as it is due to disappear behind the Sun soon. Scientists are waiting to probe its composition and origin, as it is possible it was kicked out of the asteroid belt. &nbsp;

Earth could be staring at a catastrophe waiting to happen because 39 asteroids roaming near us can possibly hit us at any time. There could be more of these invisible marauders in the vicinity, but the Sun makes detection harder. 

An astronomer has discovered an asteroid that can cause a catastrophic impact on a continental scale in the near future. This space rock is only the 39th in a group of near-Earth asteroids, known as Atiras, that orbit entirely within Earth's orbit. The problem with them is that they hide in the Sun's glare, which makes them hard to detect. 2025 SC79 was discovered by a scientist at the Carnegie Institute for Science in September. It has an extremely short orbital period as it completes a trip around the Sun in only 128 days. 2025 SC79 has the third-shortest orbital period of any asteroid and is also the second known object with an orbit entirely within Venus' orbit. It also crosses Mercury's orbit, the closest planet to the Sun, which completes an orbit in 88 days. Also Read: Another study claims signals at heart of Milky Way triggered by dark matter Also Read: 3I/ATLAS will be thrown off-course by Jupiter as it exits the solar system Most killer asteroids are invisible The close distance to Earth is what makes such asteroids harder to discover. This also means that the Sun's glare drowns them out, making detection even harder. The failure to find these asteroids could one day lead to a catastrophic event on Earth. 2025 SC79 was discovered by Scott S. Sheppard using the Dark Energy Camera on the National Science Foundation’s Blanco 4-meter telescope, which is tasked with searching for killer asteroids. The newly discovered space rock is 2,300 ft in diameter, and if it ever crosses paths with Earth, mass destruction is inevitable, as it could kill billions of humans and animals. The NSF’s Gemini telescope and Carnegie Science’s Magellan telescopes confirmed the finding. “The most dangerous asteroids are the most difficult to detect,” Sheppard explained in a press release. He says most asteroids are discovered during nighttime, but not Atiras or other asteroids that lurk near the Sun. They can only be observed during twilight. "If these ‘twilight’ asteroids approach Earth, they could pose serious impact hazards," Sheppard said. Further analysis of the killer rock will have to wait as it is due to disappear behind the Sun soon. Scientists are waiting to probe its composition and origin, as it is possible it was kicked out of the asteroid belt.

Earth could be staring at a catastrophe waiting to happen because 39 asteroids roaming near us can possibly hit us at any time. There could be more of these invisible marauders in the vicinity, but the Sun makes detection harder.&nbsp;

2,300ft newly discovered killer 'twilight' asteroid near the Sun could kill billions

A scientist has claimed that he might have stumbled upon the first evidence for dark matter, and it has been seen right here in our galaxy. Professor Tomonori Totani, an astrophysicist at the University of Tokyo, says gamma rays emanating from the centre of the Milky Way carry signs of dark matter. This mysterious invisible force is believed to form a web around galaxies and has existed merely in theory for decades. It has never been directly observed. In the 1930s, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky first postulated the presence of dark matter, noting that distant galaxies with lesser mass appeared to be spinning faster. He said this was because of a cosmic object exerting gravitational pull on the galaxies. It isn't visible because it neither emits nor absorbs light.&nbsp;“This could be a crucial breakthrough in unravelling the nature of dark matter,” said Professor Tomonori Totani. The study was published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. The research was based on the theory that dark matter is made from massive particles that do not interact well with each other. This is why they are also known as wimps. They are heavier than the protons found inside atoms, but there is a lack of interaction with normal matter. A collision between two wimps can annihilate each of them, triggering other particles and a burst of gamma rays.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/eerie-glow-at-the-centre-of-milky-way-could-reveal-a-cosmic-giant-never-seen-before-1760700098843">Eerie glow at the centre of Milky Way could reveal a cosmic giant never seen before</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Totani analysed data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which can detect the highest-energy light in the electromagnetic spectrum. The pattern of gamma rays seen appeared to match the shape of the dark matter halo spreading out in a sphere from the centre of the Milky Way. Totani told The Guardian this "closely matches the properties of gamma-ray radiation predicted to be emitted by dark matter."&nbsp;<h2>More research on dark matter needed</h2>However, Totani clarified that more research is needed to rule out other processes that could be responsible for the signals. He says that the detection of gamma rays with the same spectrum from other regions of space, such as dwarf galaxies, will nail down his finding. In October 2025, researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics had proposed the exact claim about dark matter being present at the centre of Milky Way.&nbsp;&nbsp;Professor Joseph Silk, co–author of the study published in the journal Physical Review Letters, said, "Dark matter dominates the universe and holds galaxies together," and they are constantly thinking of ways to detect this elusive matter. "Gamma rays, and specifically the excess light we're observing at the centre of our galaxy, could be our first clue," he added.&nbsp;&nbsp;

A Japanese scientist thinks he has observed dark matter at the centre of the Milky Way. He says the halo in the galaxy is a signal being emitted by gamma rays. In October, another group of researchers had also presented similar findings.

A scientist has claimed that he might have stumbled upon the first evidence for dark matter, and it has been seen right here in our galaxy. Professor Tomonori Totani, an astrophysicist at the University of Tokyo, says gamma rays emanating from the centre of the Milky Way carry signs of dark matter. This mysterious invisible force is believed to form a web around galaxies and has existed merely in theory for decades. It has never been directly observed. In the 1930s, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky first postulated the presence of dark matter, noting that distant galaxies with lesser mass appeared to be spinning faster. He said this was because of a cosmic object exerting gravitational pull on the galaxies. It isn't visible because it neither emits nor absorbs light. “This could be a crucial breakthrough in unravelling the nature of dark matter,” said Professor Tomonori Totani. The study was published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. The research was based on the theory that dark matter is made from massive particles that do not interact well with each other. This is why they are also known as wimps. They are heavier than the protons found inside atoms, but there is a lack of interaction with normal matter. A collision between two wimps can annihilate each of them, triggering other particles and a burst of gamma rays. Also Read: Eerie glow at the centre of Milky Way could reveal a cosmic giant never seen before Totani analysed data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which can detect the highest-energy light in the electromagnetic spectrum. The pattern of gamma rays seen appeared to match the shape of the dark matter halo spreading out in a sphere from the centre of the Milky Way. Totani told The Guardian this "closely matches the properties of gamma-ray radiation predicted to be emitted by dark matter." More research on dark matter needed However, Totani clarified that more research is needed to rule out other processes that could be responsible for the signals. He says that the detection of gamma rays with the same spectrum from other regions of space, such as dwarf galaxies, will nail down his finding. In October 2025, researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics had proposed the exact claim about dark matter being present at the centre of Milky Way. Professor Joseph Silk, co–author of the study published in the journal Physical Review Letters, said, "Dark matter dominates the universe and holds galaxies together," and they are constantly thinking of ways to detect this elusive matter. "Gamma rays, and specifically the excess light we're observing at the centre of our galaxy, could be our first clue," he added.

A Japanese scientist thinks he has observed dark matter at the centre of the Milky Way. He says the halo in the galaxy is a signal being emitted by gamma rays. In October, another group of researchers had also presented similar findings.

Another study claims signals at heart of Milky Way triggered by dark matter

NHS England will soon start administering a breakthrough immunotherapy for patients with an aggressive form of leukaemia. The CAR T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’, saw over three-quarters of patients go into remission in trials. It involves "taking a patient’s immune cells and reprogramming them in a lab to identify and target their cancer, before returning them to the body as living medicine," the NHS said. It will be available within weeks through specialist centres. Eligible patients will receive two doses of CAR-T therapy intravenously, ten days apart. Patients who received the therapy in trials described it as having a “wondrous” effect. England’s top cancer doctor believes this could let patients with aggressive leukaemia live free from cancer for longer, and could even be "hope of a cure".&nbsp;Professor Peter Johnson, NHS National Clinical Director for Cancer, said, "This cutting-edge therapy has shown real promise in trials and could give patients with this aggressive form of leukaemia a chance to live free from cancer for longer – and, for some, it could offer the hope of a cure." He added, "This ‘living medicine’ boosts a patient’s own immune system and then guides T-cells towards the cancer to kill it."&nbsp;<h2>Who is eligible for T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’?</h2>The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence approval will lead the therapy to help around 50 patients each year in England. People aged 26 and over, who have been living with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia which has returned or not responded to previous treatment, will be eligible for the therapy. In a clinical trial, 77 per cent of patients saw their cancer enter remission after treatment with obe-cel. Notably, half of them showed no signs of detectable cancer after three and a half years. On average, the treatment let patients live for 15.6 months more.&nbsp;The therapy also has a lower toxicity and is less likely to cause serious side effects as compared to other CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T-cell therapies. Health Minister Ashley Dalton said, "This pioneering treatment is excellent news for patients and their families, demonstrating how the NHS is at the forefront of medical innovation. By supporting new treatments with fewer side effects and shorter hospital stays, we’re building an NHS fit for the future whilst cementing the UK’s position as a global leader in medical research.”

NHS England will soon start administering the CAR T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’, to patients with an aggressive form of leukaemia. It will be available within weeks through specialist centres. Check eligibility

NHS England will soon start administering a breakthrough immunotherapy for patients with an aggressive form of leukaemia. The CAR T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’, saw over three-quarters of patients go into remission in trials. It involves "taking a patient’s immune cells and reprogramming them in a lab to identify and target their cancer, before returning them to the body as living medicine," the NHS said. It will be available within weeks through specialist centres. Eligible patients will receive two doses of CAR-T therapy intravenously, ten days apart. Patients who received the therapy in trials described it as having a “wondrous” effect. England’s top cancer doctor believes this could let patients with aggressive leukaemia live free from cancer for longer, and could even be "hope of a cure". Professor Peter Johnson, NHS National Clinical Director for Cancer, said, "This cutting-edge therapy has shown real promise in trials and could give patients with this aggressive form of leukaemia a chance to live free from cancer for longer – and, for some, it could offer the hope of a cure." He added, "This ‘living medicine’ boosts a patient’s own immune system and then guides T-cells towards the cancer to kill it." Who is eligible for T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’? The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence approval will lead the therapy to help around 50 patients each year in England. People aged 26 and over, who have been living with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia which has returned or not responded to previous treatment, will be eligible for the therapy. In a clinical trial, 77 per cent of patients saw their cancer enter remission after treatment with obe-cel. Notably, half of them showed no signs of detectable cancer after three and a half years. On average, the treatment let patients live for 15.6 months more. The therapy also has a lower toxicity and is less likely to cause serious side effects as compared to other CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T-cell therapies. Health Minister Ashley Dalton said, "This pioneering treatment is excellent news for patients and their families, demonstrating how the NHS is at the forefront of medical innovation. By supporting new treatments with fewer side effects and shorter hospital stays, we’re building an NHS fit for the future whilst cementing the UK’s position as a global leader in medical research.”

NHS England will soon start administering the CAR T-cell therapy, known as ‘obe-cel’, to patients with an aggressive form of leukaemia. It will be available within weeks through specialist centres. Check eligibility

'Living medicine’ therapy by NHS can offer hope to patients with aggressive leukaemia

Jupiter's strong gravitational force will exert such a push on 3I/ATLAS that it will be moved out of its trajectory as it makes its way out of our solar system. This one last striking encounter will happen around March 16, 2026. A new pre-print paper tried to understand the path the interstellar comet will take while leaving, where its header and the possible path that brought it here. The researchers studied the "long-term orbital integration of 500 statistical clones of comet 3I for a hundred years in the past and future" and found that it is probably coming from the Sagittarius constellation and going towards the Gemini constellation. "The possible location of the comet 3I is found to be in the transition zone from the thin to the thick disk. [But] it is uncertain to confirm the region of origin using kinematic information," the study authors wrote.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/updates-on-3i-atlas-clearest-image-of-interstellar-comet-what-nasa-and-india-saw-and-live-observations-1764060396806">Updates on 3I/ATLAS: Clearest image of interstellar comet, what NASA and India saw, and live observations</a><h2>Jupiter will have a big impact on 3I/ATLAS</h2>As it moves towards its next destination, 3I/ATLAS will have one last meeting with Jupiter, which is expected to be a turbulent one. The comet will pass very close to the Hill radius of Jupiter, which will alter its course. "The distance of the comet 3I from Jupiter is very close to the Hill radius (0.355 au) of Jupiter. Therefore, there could be a stronger perturbation from Jupiter compared to Mars," they wrote. Notably, Mars also had a slight effect on the trajectory of 3I/ATLAS, but not as significantly.&nbsp;However, the non-gravitational acceleration of the object can still change things at the last moment. This is the movement caused by forces other than gravitation, such as outgassing and radiation pressure from the Sun. The team further stated that its time near Jupiter will be the best one for observations. According to the study, this window runs from March 9 to 22, 2026. The Juno spacecraft will be well placed to study 3I/ATLAS at this time and reveal more details about this mysterious visitor. &nbsp;

Latest on 3I/ATLAS: A new study states that as the interstellar comet makes its way out of the solar system, its encounter with Jupiter will leave it with a huge impact. It will likely be thrown off its path because of the gravitational force of the gas giant.

Jupiter's strong gravitational force will exert such a push on 3I/ATLAS that it will be moved out of its trajectory as it makes its way out of our solar system. This one last striking encounter will happen around March 16, 2026. A new pre-print paper tried to understand the path the interstellar comet will take while leaving, where its header and the possible path that brought it here. The researchers studied the "long-term orbital integration of 500 statistical clones of comet 3I for a hundred years in the past and future" and found that it is probably coming from the Sagittarius constellation and going towards the Gemini constellation. "The possible location of the comet 3I is found to be in the transition zone from the thin to the thick disk. [But] it is uncertain to confirm the region of origin using kinematic information," the study authors wrote. Also Read: Updates on 3I/ATLAS: Clearest image of interstellar comet, what NASA and India saw, and live observations Jupiter will have a big impact on 3I/ATLAS As it moves towards its next destination, 3I/ATLAS will have one last meeting with Jupiter, which is expected to be a turbulent one. The comet will pass very close to the Hill radius of Jupiter, which will alter its course. "The distance of the comet 3I from Jupiter is very close to the Hill radius (0.355 au) of Jupiter. Therefore, there could be a stronger perturbation from Jupiter compared to Mars," they wrote. Notably, Mars also had a slight effect on the trajectory of 3I/ATLAS, but not as significantly. However, the non-gravitational acceleration of the object can still change things at the last moment. This is the movement caused by forces other than gravitation, such as outgassing and radiation pressure from the Sun. The team further stated that its time near Jupiter will be the best one for observations. According to the study, this window runs from March 9 to 22, 2026. The Juno spacecraft will be well placed to study 3I/ATLAS at this time and reveal more details about this mysterious visitor.

Latest on 3I/ATLAS: A new study states that as the interstellar comet makes its way out of the solar system, its encounter with Jupiter will leave it with a huge impact. It will likely be thrown off its path because of the gravitational force of the gas giant.

3I/ATLAS will be thrown off-course by Jupiter as it exits the solar system

A doomsday prophecy claims that a comet will smash into Earth before the year ends, ending humanity and life as we know it. The prediction by Pakistani mystic Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi, predicts that a doomsday comet is on course to strike Earth, all because humanity has strayed too far from spiritual truths. He described it as the last day of this world, a moment when everything we know collapses in a blink. The warning has been circulating for years, whispered quietly and repeated by those who follow his teachings, but lately it has resurfaced.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/alien-attack-in-november-harvard-scientist-flags-mysterious-object-hurtling-towards-earth-1753526257304">Alien attack in November? Harvard scientists warn mysterious object hurtling towards Earth</a><h2>A punishment for humanity?</h2>Shahi, as per the Daily Mail, claimed that this disaster is not random. In his view, humanity has drifted too far from conscience and compassion, and a divine response is overdue. He spoke of people losing themselves to hatred, war, ego, and violence, and he believed that God would send a celestial blow to reset the balance. In his 2000 book 'The Religion of God,' he said "A comet has been sent towards Earth for total destruction. The comet is expected to fall on Earth in the next 20-25 years. That will be the last day of this world."That timeline predicted by the Pakistani mystic points almost exactly to now. His followers in the Messiah Foundation International say the impact will trigger massive earthquakes, cities swallowed by waves, and a breakdown of the current world order.Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/baba-vanga-and-living-nostradamus-s-chilling-2025-prediction-aliens-to-say-hi-during-1753164332261">Baba Vanga and Living Nostradamus's chilling 2025 prediction: Aliens to say&nbsp;'hi'&nbsp;during...</a><h2>Has NASA spotted the dangerous comet?</h2>NASA and other observatories have reported that no comets or asteroids are currently on course to hit Earth in the coming months. Objects once thought risky, including Apophis, were removed from potential threat lists. The only major visitor expected soon is 3I/ATLAS, an interstellar object still far beyond any danger zone.However, a recent study sounded the alarm about threats outside our eyesight. It warned that Venus can potentially block our view of incoming asteroids, which have been hiding in the sun's glare. But it did not offer any proof that this was happening now.Shahi himself vanished in London in 2001 and has not been seen since. His followers insist he never died, only withdrew from public life and is waiting somewhere, watching the world spiral toward the moment he foresaw. They also claim that fragments of the killer comet already struck Jupiter decades ago as a warning sign.

A prophecy from Pakistani mystic Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi claims a comet will end life on Earth before the year ends, wiping out humanity for straying from morality and compassion. Here's what NASA data shows…

A doomsday prophecy claims that a comet will smash into Earth before the year ends, ending humanity and life as we know it. The prediction by Pakistani mystic Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi, predicts that a doomsday comet is on course to strike Earth, all because humanity has strayed too far from spiritual truths. He described it as the last day of this world, a moment when everything we know collapses in a blink. The warning has been circulating for years, whispered quietly and repeated by those who follow his teachings, but lately it has resurfaced. Also read | Alien attack in November? Harvard scientists warn mysterious object hurtling towards Earth A punishment for humanity? Shahi, as per the Daily Mail, claimed that this disaster is not random. In his view, humanity has drifted too far from conscience and compassion, and a divine response is overdue. He spoke of people losing themselves to hatred, war, ego, and violence, and he believed that God would send a celestial blow to reset the balance. In his 2000 book 'The Religion of God,' he said "A comet has been sent towards Earth for total destruction. The comet is expected to fall on Earth in the next 20-25 years. That will be the last day of this world." That timeline predicted by the Pakistani mystic points almost exactly to now. His followers in the Messiah Foundation International say the impact will trigger massive earthquakes, cities swallowed by waves, and a breakdown of the current world order. Also read | Baba Vanga and Living Nostradamus's chilling 2025 prediction: Aliens to say 'hi' during... Has NASA spotted the dangerous comet? NASA and other observatories have reported that no comets or asteroids are currently on course to hit Earth in the coming months. Objects once thought risky, including Apophis, were removed from potential threat lists. The only major visitor expected soon is 3I/ATLAS, an interstellar object still far beyond any danger zone. However, a recent study sounded the alarm about threats outside our eyesight. It warned that Venus can potentially block our view of incoming asteroids, which have been hiding in the sun's glare. But it did not offer any proof that this was happening now. Shahi himself vanished in London in 2001 and has not been seen since. His followers insist he never died, only withdrew from public life and is waiting somewhere, watching the world spiral toward the moment he foresaw. They also claim that fragments of the killer comet already struck Jupiter decades ago as a warning sign.

A prophecy from Pakistani mystic Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi claims a comet will end life on Earth before the year ends, wiping out humanity for straying from morality and compassion. Here's what NASA data shows…

The comet that could end the world? Pakistani mystic’s doomsday prophecy predicts humanity DIES on this day

China launched an empty capsule to provide a vehicle for the safe return of three astronauts on board the Tiangong Space Station in case of an emergency. The Shenzhou 21 crew was stranded in space after their return spacecraft was used to bring back the Shenzhou &nbsp;20 crew, whose own vehicle was damaged by apparent space debris. The Shenzhou 22 spacecraft was launched aboard a Long March 2F rocket with cargo at 10:41 am IST on Tuesday. It docked with the Chinese space station, covering 400 kilometres in three and a half hours. The new ship wasn't supposed to fly till next year, but the absence of one for the crew at Tiangong led China to pull things into high gear. The engineers responded with a successful earlier launch to ensure Shenzhou 21 was not left without a safety net.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/three-more-chinese-taikonauts-stranded-in-space-as-previous-crew-used-their-return-capsule-1763438031985">Three more Chinese taikonauts stranded in space as previous crew used their return capsule</a>&nbsp;On November 4, the ship that was supposed to bring the Shenzhou 20 crew back was found damaged. Its window was damaged, likely from space junk. The astronauts took pictures, which confirmed that a small triangular area had a crack. They could not board the capsule and were left waiting for further instructions. The Chinese space officials decided to bring them back on the Shenzhou 21 return vehicle, whose crew had recently reached orbit. The previous crew returned on November 14.<h2>Why China rushed to launch a new vehicle to Tiangong</h2>But this meant the new crew had nothing to use in case of an emergency. Notably, a medical emergency or another encounter with space junk or a meteorite would trigger an evacuation on board a capsule. Engineers at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in China’s remote Gobi Desert got to work to prepare a new capsule for launch as soon as possible. The China Manned Space Agency said in a statement, "The entire project team responded calmly and scientifically, with participating research and testing units working collaboratively to overcome challenges." The space agency termed the swift action a "successful example for efficient emergency response in the international space industry."&nbsp;Astronauts Zhang Lu, Fu Wei, and Zhang Hongzhang are due to return to Earth on the Shenzhou 22 spacecraft next year. The damaged Shenzhou 20 vehicle will be examined during a spacewalk and will eventually return with only cargo.&nbsp;

China has launched an unmanned spacecraft for the Shenzhou 21 crew at the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts were left stranded without a safety vehicle in case of an emergency since their capsule was used by the Shenzhou 20 crew after their vehicle was damaged.

China launched an empty capsule to provide a vehicle for the safe return of three astronauts on board the Tiangong Space Station in case of an emergency. The Shenzhou 21 crew was stranded in space after their return spacecraft was used to bring back the Shenzhou 20 crew, whose own vehicle was damaged by apparent space debris. The Shenzhou 22 spacecraft was launched aboard a Long March 2F rocket with cargo at 10:41 am IST on Tuesday. It docked with the Chinese space station, covering 400 kilometres in three and a half hours. The new ship wasn't supposed to fly till next year, but the absence of one for the crew at Tiangong led China to pull things into high gear. The engineers responded with a successful earlier launch to ensure Shenzhou 21 was not left without a safety net. Also Read: Three more Chinese taikonauts stranded in space as previous crew used their return capsule On November 4, the ship that was supposed to bring the Shenzhou 20 crew back was found damaged. Its window was damaged, likely from space junk. The astronauts took pictures, which confirmed that a small triangular area had a crack. They could not board the capsule and were left waiting for further instructions. The Chinese space officials decided to bring them back on the Shenzhou 21 return vehicle, whose crew had recently reached orbit. The previous crew returned on November 14. Why China rushed to launch a new vehicle to Tiangong But this meant the new crew had nothing to use in case of an emergency. Notably, a medical emergency or another encounter with space junk or a meteorite would trigger an evacuation on board a capsule. Engineers at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in China’s remote Gobi Desert got to work to prepare a new capsule for launch as soon as possible. The China Manned Space Agency said in a statement, "The entire project team responded calmly and scientifically, with participating research and testing units working collaboratively to overcome challenges." The space agency termed the swift action a "successful example for efficient emergency response in the international space industry." Astronauts Zhang Lu, Fu Wei, and Zhang Hongzhang are due to return to Earth on the Shenzhou 22 spacecraft next year. The damaged Shenzhou 20 vehicle will be examined during a spacewalk and will eventually return with only cargo.

China has launched an unmanned spacecraft for the Shenzhou 21 crew at the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts were left stranded without a safety vehicle in case of an emergency since their's was used by the Shenzhou 20 crew after their vehicle was damaged.

China fires off emergency lifeboat for taikonauts on Tiangong - Here's the catch

Explore the most groundbreaking space discoveries of 2025 — From Saturn’s 128 new moons to record-breaking exoplanets, black holes, and strange galaxies, here are some of the biggest cosmological objects discovered this year. 

Explore the most groundbreaking space discoveries of 2025 — From Saturn’s 128 new moons to record-breaking exoplanets, black holes, and strange galaxies, here are some of the biggest cosmological objects discovered this year.&nbsp;

YEARENDER: From merging monsters to planet on a death wish, biggest space discoveries of 2025

Our solar system might just be a tiny fragment of the gigantic universe, yet there remain so many elements that we are still discovering. Astronomers think they have come across something that has remained a secret till now. This &nbsp;"very old, undisturbed structure" lies at the edge of the solar system. It exists beyond even the Kuiper Belt, a ring-shaped region of icy bodies far away from Neptune. The Kuiper Belt is where over 3,100 objects, such as Pluto, Makemake, Eris, and Arrokoth, reside. Beyond this is the hypothetical Oort Cloud, which is believed to be between 5,000 and 100,000 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun. NASA describes the Kuiper Belt as the “third zone” of the solar system, and it consists of “leftovers from the solar system's early history.”&nbsp;&nbsp;The paper published in The Astronomical Journal states “that the classical belt is a complex region with sub-structures that go beyond the usual splitting of inner, main and outer," something that was proposed by a team in 2011, New Scientist reported.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/mars-like-planet-crashed-into-earth-billions-of-years-ago-now-we-know-where-it-came-from-1763717261231">Mars-like planet crashed into Earth billions of years ago. Now we know where it came from</a>&nbsp;“The main classical belt (a = 40–47 AU) needs to be modelled with at least three components: the 'hot' component with a wide inclination distribution and two "cold” components (stirred and kernel) with much narrower inclination distributions." The paper deals with one particular portion, which it calls the “kernel”. Since 2011, no other substructure had been discovered in this region. The paper by a team of scientists from Princeton University, which has not yet been peer reviewed, states that they may have found evidence of an "inner kernel".&nbsp;<h2>New primordial cluster detected beyond Kuiper Belt</h2>A study of 1,650 Kuiper belt objects using a density-based clustering algorithm called DBSCAN led the team to understand whether they could identify the kernel and whether there could be other clusters. Even though more analysis and observations are needed to confirm the existence of this structure, the scientists are almost sure they have detected a new primordial cluster at around 43 AU. "In addition to being located at a smaller semimajor axis (a ∼ 43 AU) as compared to the kernel (a ∼44 AU), the inner kernel also has a colder free eccentricity distribution than the kernel, both in terms of the Rayleigh distribution dispersion that best describes it (∼ 0.025) as well as the overall range (0.01−0.06)," the team explains in their paper.&nbsp;The proposed structure has a low eccentricity, meaning its orbit is very circular. Lead author Amir Siraj told New Scientist, "That kind of orbital calmness is a signal of a very old, undisturbed structure. He says it can prove vital as we try to understand what the earliest solar system looked like, and how it evolved. It can tell us “how the giant planets have moved in their orbits, what kind of interstellar environments the solar system has been through, all sorts of things about the early days of the solar system."

Scientists have found an old structure in the farthest point of the solar system that can throw light on what the earliest star system looked like, and why the planets are where they are. They are confident that this region exists and has a calmness to it.

Our solar system might just be a tiny fragment of the gigantic universe, yet there remain so many elements that we are still discovering. Astronomers think they have come across something that has remained a secret till now. This "very old, undisturbed structure" lies at the edge of the solar system. It exists beyond even the Kuiper Belt, a ring-shaped region of icy bodies far away from Neptune. The Kuiper Belt is where over 3,100 objects, such as Pluto, Makemake, Eris, and Arrokoth, reside. Beyond this is the hypothetical Oort Cloud, which is believed to be between 5,000 and 100,000 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun. NASA describes the Kuiper Belt as the “third zone” of the solar system, and it consists of “leftovers from the solar system's early history.” The paper published in The Astronomical Journal states “that the classical belt is a complex region with sub-structures that go beyond the usual splitting of inner, main and outer," something that was proposed by a team in 2011, New Scientist reported. Also Read: Mars-like planet crashed into Earth billions of years ago. Now we know where it came from “The main classical belt (a = 40–47 AU) needs to be modelled with at least three components: the 'hot' component with a wide inclination distribution and two "cold” components (stirred and kernel) with much narrower inclination distributions." The paper deals with one particular portion, which it calls the “kernel”. Since 2011, no other substructure had been discovered in this region. The paper by a team of scientists from Princeton University, which has not yet been peer reviewed, states that they may have found evidence of an "inner kernel". New primordial cluster detected beyond Kuiper Belt A study of 1,650 Kuiper belt objects using a density-based clustering algorithm called DBSCAN led the team to understand whether they could identify the kernel and whether there could be other clusters. Even though more analysis and observations are needed to confirm the existence of this structure, the scientists are almost sure they have detected a new primordial cluster at around 43 AU. "In addition to being located at a smaller semimajor axis (a ∼ 43 AU) as compared to the kernel (a ∼44 AU), the inner kernel also has a colder free eccentricity distribution than the kernel, both in terms of the Rayleigh distribution dispersion that best describes it (∼ 0.025) as well as the overall range (0.01−0.06)," the team explains in their paper. The proposed structure has a low eccentricity, meaning its orbit is very circular. Lead author Amir Siraj told New Scientist, "That kind of orbital calmness is a signal of a very old, undisturbed structure. He says it can prove vital as we try to understand what the earliest solar system looked like, and how it evolved. It can tell us “how the giant planets have moved in their orbits, what kind of interstellar environments the solar system has been through, all sorts of things about the early days of the solar system."

Scientists have found an old structure in the farthest point of the solar system that can throw light on what the earliest star system looked like, and why the planets are where they are. They are confident that this region exists and has a calmness to it.

Scientists discover 'old and calm' region beyond Neptune that can solve several cosmic puzzles

Scientists have determined the origin point of Theia, the planet believed to have collided with Earth around four and a half billion years ago. This collision released a huge amount of debris that later coalesced to form the Moon. Theia was destroyed, and its remnants are still embedded deep inside our planet. This impact was first theorised in the 1970s, with scientists suggesting that the Moon contains elements entirely from Theia. But later studies suggested that Earth and Moon are quite identical in their chemical composition. Using this information, a study published in Science on November 20, 2025, has now decoded where Theia came from. The researchers studied the ratio of iron in rocks from the Moon, Earth, and meteorites and found that this Mars-sized planet was born in the inner solar system and much closer to the Sun.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientists-are-deliberately-triggering-earthquakes-in-alps-all-zero-magnitude-here-s-why-1763627832295">Scientists are deliberately triggering earthquakes, all zero magnitude. Here's why</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;It then started moving outwards and crashed into Earth around 4.5 billion years ago. Isotopic fingerprints can reveal a lot about the birthplace of a cosmic object. Most studies on the formation of the Moon have found that it is made mostly of material from Theia. So ideally, Moon should be different from Earth in terms of chemical composition. But analyses of lunar rocks have shown that Earth and Moon have a very similar isotopic composition. Since there was never a clear distinction between Moon and Earth, scientists in the past had not been able to determine the formation region of Theia, the researchers wrote.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science-tech/is-moon-all-earth-scientists-say-nothing-from-theia-exists-in-the-moon-8878555">When Theia smashed into Earth: The common DNA Moon and our planet share</a> Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/earth-had-several-tiny-hidden-moons-billions-of-years-ago-study-suggests-747875">Earth had several tiny hidden moons billions of years ago, study suggests</a> &nbsp;<h2>Ancient Earth was different from today's Earth</h2>Study co-author Thorsten Kleine, director of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Göttingen, Germany, said ancient Earth would have had molybdenum and iron in its core but not in the rocky mantle closer to the surface. Which means if Earth’s mantle has these elements today, then they likely came from Theia and could reveal the planet’s composition. So they looked at the iron in lunar samples, rocks on Earth, and the meteorites that came from those parts of the solar system that have different isotopic compositions and could be linked to the birth of Theia and Earth. Their findings once again showed that Earth and Moon are identical, and the same was true for non-carbonaceous meteorites, the ones that originate in the inner solar system.&nbsp;This was proof that Theia also came to life in the inner solar system. “We found that all of Theia and most of Earth’s other constituent materials originated from the inner Solar System,” the researchers wrote. “Our calculations suggest that Theia might have formed closer to the Sun than Earth did,” they added.&nbsp;

Where did the planet the size of Mars that crashed into Earth billions of years ago come from? Theia has captured the imagination of artists and astronomers alike. There was chaos when it was present in the solar system, but only now do we know its true origins. 

Scientists have determined the origin point of Theia, the planet believed to have collided with Earth around four and a half billion years ago. This collision released a huge amount of debris that later coalesced to form the Moon. Theia was destroyed, and its remnants are still embedded deep inside our planet. This impact was first theorised in the 1970s, with scientists suggesting that the Moon contains elements entirely from Theia. But later studies suggested that Earth and Moon are quite identical in their chemical composition. Using this information, a study published in Science on November 20, 2025, has now decoded where Theia came from. The researchers studied the ratio of iron in rocks from the Moon, Earth, and meteorites and found that this Mars-sized planet was born in the inner solar system and much closer to the Sun. Also Read: Scientists are deliberately triggering earthquakes, all zero magnitude. Here's why It then started moving outwards and crashed into Earth around 4.5 billion years ago. Isotopic fingerprints can reveal a lot about the birthplace of a cosmic object. Most studies on the formation of the Moon have found that it is made mostly of material from Theia. So ideally, Moon should be different from Earth in terms of chemical composition. But analyses of lunar rocks have shown that Earth and Moon have a very similar isotopic composition. Since there was never a clear distinction between Moon and Earth, scientists in the past had not been able to determine the formation region of Theia, the researchers wrote. Also Read: When Theia smashed into Earth: The common DNA Moon and our planet share Also Read: Earth had several tiny hidden moons billions of years ago, study suggests Ancient Earth was different from today's Earth Study co-author Thorsten Kleine, director of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Göttingen, Germany, said ancient Earth would have had molybdenum and iron in its core but not in the rocky mantle closer to the surface. Which means if Earth’s mantle has these elements today, then they likely came from Theia and could reveal the planet’s composition. So they looked at the iron in lunar samples, rocks on Earth, and the meteorites that came from those parts of the solar system that have different isotopic compositions and could be linked to the birth of Theia and Earth. Their findings once again showed that Earth and Moon are identical, and the same was true for non-carbonaceous meteorites, the ones that originate in the inner solar system. This was proof that Theia also came to life in the inner solar system. “We found that all of Theia and most of Earth’s other constituent materials originated from the inner Solar System,” the researchers wrote. “Our calculations suggest that Theia might have formed closer to the Sun than Earth did,” they added.

Where did the planet the size of Mars that crashed into Earth billions of years ago come from? Theia has captured the imagination of artists and astronomers alike. There was chaos when it was present in the solar system, but only now do we know its true origins.&nbsp;

Mars-like planet crashed into Earth billions of years ago. Now we know where it came from

Harvard scientist Avi Loeb believes that 3I/ATLAS might have released tiny objects that he had talked about weeks ago. Citing a new photo of the interstellar comet, where "two narrow jets directed opposite to each other and oriented vertically from the 3I/ATLAS-Sun axis" are visible, he claimed that this could signal that tiny spacecraft have left its host. Weeks ago, Loeb had stated that this visitor from outer space could be an "alien mothership" that might eject probes to study the planets and other bodies in the solar system. "A fleet of smaller objects could also appear as a result of a technological mothership which releases min-probes to study multiple targets simultaneously," he wrote in the past. He added in a later post that these probes might have the ability to "self-replicate." Loeb claimed that this would most likely happen at perihelion, when the comet might disintegrate. His latest claim is based on a photo taken by M. Jäger, G. Rhemann, and E. Prosperi on November 20.Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/3i-atlas-spotted-by-12-nasa-spacecraft-what-mars-asteroid-and-solar-missions-saw-1763608118347">3I/ATLAS spotted by 12 NASA spacecraft: What Mars, asteroid and solar missions saw</a> &nbsp;<h2>3I/ATLAS jets appear odd</h2>He says that the sideways lines visible in the photo "extend out to a distance of about a million kilometres from 3I/ATLAS." Loeb is puzzled at seeing these lines, saying they demand an explanation unless they were formed by an "Earth-based communication satellite which coincidentally intersected 3I/ATLAS." He says that the object was earlier reported to rotate with a 16.16-hour period, which should have introduced gaps or wiggles in the jets. But these features are not visible in the new image. Second, he asks, "Why are the two sideways jets oriented vertically to the tail and anti-tail?" Loeb offers a possible explanation for this, saying that these jets are "lines highlighting the trail of gas or dust associated with the linear path of small mini-objects that departed from 3I/ATLAS."Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/indian-scientists-observe-3i-atlas-behaving-like-a-typical-solar-system-comet-1763614445349">Indian scientists observe 3I/ATLAS: Behaving like a 'typical' solar system comet</a> &nbsp;<h2>Technological mothership released small probes?</h2>"The mini-objects could either be pieces of ice that broke apart from the surface of a natural comet nucleus or small probes that were released from a technological mothership," he said. Going back to his earlier statement that the mini probes could be released at perihelion, he says, considering this happened, they must have travelled a distance of a million kilometres in 22 days. Better clarity on this can be obtained in the upcoming observations and as 3I/ATLAS approaches Earth, he said. “The fundamental question to address in the coming weeks is whether these smaller objects are real and not an artefact of a satellite streak, and if real, are they natural or technological in origin?” Loeb wrote.&nbsp;<h2>Basic facts about 3I/ATLAS</h2> It was discovered on July 1 by the ATLAS telescope in Chile. It was observed to be moving at about a speed of 60 km/second. Its hyperbolic path was the first clue that it was not bound to the Sun’s gravity and originated outside the solar system. Its trajectory brought it close to Mars, and it will soon be near Earth, after which its path will take it towards Jupiter. It will reach its closest point to Earth on December 19, 2025. The object did not have a tail for a long time, but after it reached perihelion on October 29-30, a tail was captured in several images. It also changed colour and brightened after its encounter with the Sun.

Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS could have released small probes, Avi Loeb says, citing new images. He says the lines visible in the photo “extend out to a distance of about a million kilometres”, and these probes could have already travelled a million kilometres.

Harvard scientist Avi Loeb believes that 3I/ATLAS might have released tiny objects that he had talked about weeks ago. Citing a new photo of the interstellar comet, where "two narrow jets directed opposite to each other and oriented vertically from the 3I/ATLAS-Sun axis" are visible, he claimed that this could signal that tiny spacecraft have left its host. Weeks ago, Loeb had stated that this visitor from outer space could be an "alien mothership" that might eject probes to study the planets and other bodies in the solar system. "A fleet of smaller objects could also appear as a result of a technological mothership which releases min-probes to study multiple targets simultaneously," he wrote in the past. He added in a later post that these probes might have the ability to "self-replicate." Loeb claimed that this would most likely happen at perihelion, when the comet might disintegrate. His latest claim is based on a photo taken by M. Jäger, G. Rhemann, and E. Prosperi on November 20. Also Read: 3I/ATLAS spotted by 12 NASA spacecraft: What Mars, asteroid and solar missions saw 3I/ATLAS jets appear odd He says that the sideways lines visible in the photo "extend out to a distance of about a million kilometres from 3I/ATLAS." Loeb is puzzled at seeing these lines, saying they demand an explanation unless they were formed by an "Earth-based communication satellite which coincidentally intersected 3I/ATLAS." He says that the object was earlier reported to rotate with a 16.16-hour period, which should have introduced gaps or wiggles in the jets. But these features are not visible in the new image. Second, he asks, "Why are the two sideways jets oriented vertically to the tail and anti-tail?" Loeb offers a possible explanation for this, saying that these jets are "lines highlighting the trail of gas or dust associated with the linear path of small mini-objects that departed from 3I/ATLAS." Also Read: Indian scientists observe 3I/ATLAS: Behaving like a 'typical' solar system comet Technological mothership released small probes? "The mini-objects could either be pieces of ice that broke apart from the surface of a natural comet nucleus or small probes that were released from a technological mothership," he said. Going back to his earlier statement that the mini probes could be released at perihelion, he says, considering this happened, they must have travelled a distance of a million kilometres in 22 days. Better clarity on this can be obtained in the upcoming observations and as 3I/ATLAS approaches Earth, he said. “The fundamental question to address in the coming weeks is whether these smaller objects are real and not an artefact of a satellite streak, and if real, are they natural or technological in origin?” Loeb wrote. Basic facts about 3I/ATLAS It was discovered on July 1 by the ATLAS telescope in Chile. It was observed to be moving at about a speed of 60 km/second. Its hyperbolic path was the first clue that it was not bound to the Sun’s gravity and originated outside the solar system. Its trajectory brought it close to Mars, and it will soon be near Earth, after which its path will take it towards Jupiter. It will reach its closest point to Earth on December 19, 2025. The object did not have a tail for a long time, but after it reached perihelion on October 29-30, a tail was captured in several images. It also changed colour and brightened after its encounter with the Sun.

Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS could have released small probes, Avi Loeb says, citing new images. He says the lines visible in the photo “extend out to a distance of about a million kilometres”, and these probes could have already travelled a million kilometres.

Have mini-objects departed from 3I/ATLAS? Loeb claims they would have already travelled a million kilometres

The Indian Government's National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), under the Deep Ocean Mission “Samudrayaan” program, is building a scientific submersible 'Matsya-6000' that can take three crew&nbsp;to a depth of 6,000meters under the ocean on a 12-hour mission. The mission involves four hours of descent, four hours of in-situ deep-ocean exploration and four hours of ascent.&nbsp;&nbsp;Subsequent to the successful qualification of Matsya’s mission-critical systems during the harbour wet test early this year, demonstration of the maiden human mission up to 500m water depths is planned before mid-2026. As a part of the Deep Ocean Mission, development of autonomous underwater vehicles and robotic systems is also undertaken in NIOT.&nbsp;As a continuation of this, NIOT is also exploring a future concept of establishing a long-term underwater lab, which is 6,000 meters under the ocean. This underwater habitation concept is part of the scientific and exploratory vision that is being ideated for the year 2047.&nbsp;&nbsp;"Deep-ocean research is essential to understand potential resources such as gas hydrates, poly-metallic nodules and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts; monitor climate change and ocean acidification; understand planetary-scale processes such as tectonic activities; discovering unique life forms around hydrothermal vents that provide insights on evolution of life on earth, explore and protect its vast, largely unexplored biodiversity; understanding ocean circulation processes that transport heat across the planet thus stabilizing climate," Dr. N. Vedachalam, Director, Deep Ocean Technologies Group, NIOT, explained to WION.&nbsp;&nbsp;As deep-ocean research takes an extended period of time to yield results, sustained human presence in the deep-ocean lab would enable better insights into these research areas, experts from NIOT say. Human presence in these long-term underwater observatories is crucial as human presence allows for real-time decision-making, in-situ experimentation, as application of human expertise cannot be fully replicated by automated systems alone. It is just like how astronauts carry out experiments in the International Space Station, an orbiting lab that circles 400 km above the Earth. The idea behind this underwater lab is to expand upon the learning and technological developments that India would gain from the mission 'Samudrayaan'.<h3>What experts point out about a habitable underwater lab?</h3>For setting up such a facility, India would have to exponentially scale up the technologies that will be a part of "Samudrayaan". Experts point out that a habitable underwater lab would require a reliable supply of power and oxygen, mechanisms to remove carbon dioxide, a rugged structure with transparent view-through, safe docking and undocking of deep-ocean submersibles with the underwater lab to enable transport of crew to the lab and back, and ability to launch and retrieve underwater robotic vehicles, remotely from and to the lab. Human factors associated with long-term psychological and physiological well-being in these habitats also require due consideration.&nbsp;The ongoing indigenous developments by NIOT’s Deep Ocean Technology group in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) with homing and docking, swarm capabilities and robotic intervention systems could serve as “resident” vehicles in the underwater lab serving as “spatial range extenders” that enable scientists to conduct experiments up to several kilometres around the underwater lab, Dr Vedachalam added.&nbsp;The very environment at depths of 6,000meters poses multiple challenges due to extreme pressure, low temperature, lack of communication, and geo-location. India would have to build an underwater lab that would withstand such extreme conditions, while housing scientists and their equipment within. As part of the development process, such a lab would be gradually tested at relatively safe depths of a few hundred meters before venturing into the unexplored deeper depths of the ocean.&nbsp;On the possible locations for such an underwater lab, Dr. Vedachalam said that they could be deployed in unique areas of study: at 1,000meter water depth in the Krishna Godavari basin to study and explore gas hydrates which is a source of natural gas; at 3,000meter depths to study the sulphide deposits at hydrothermal vents, and poly-metallic nodules at 5,500meter water depths in the Central Indian Ocean.

Human presence in these long-term underwater observatories is crucial as human presence allows for real-time decision-making, in-situ experimentation, as application of human expertise cannot be fully replicated by automated systems alone.

The Indian Government's National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), under the Deep Ocean Mission “Samudrayaan” program, is building a scientific submersible 'Matsya-6000' that can take three crew to a depth of 6,000meters under the ocean on a 12-hour mission. The mission involves four hours of descent, four hours of in-situ deep-ocean exploration and four hours of ascent. Subsequent to the successful qualification of Matsya’s mission-critical systems during the harbour wet test early this year, demonstration of the maiden human mission up to 500m water depths is planned before mid-2026. As a part of the Deep Ocean Mission, development of autonomous underwater vehicles and robotic systems is also undertaken in NIOT. As a continuation of this, NIOT is also exploring a future concept of establishing a long-term underwater lab, which is 6,000 meters under the ocean. This underwater habitation concept is part of the scientific and exploratory vision that is being ideated for the year 2047. "Deep-ocean research is essential to understand potential resources such as gas hydrates, poly-metallic nodules and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts; monitor climate change and ocean acidification; understand planetary-scale processes such as tectonic activities; discovering unique life forms around hydrothermal vents that provide insights on evolution of life on earth, explore and protect its vast, largely unexplored biodiversity; understanding ocean circulation processes that transport heat across the planet thus stabilizing climate," Dr. N. Vedachalam, Director, Deep Ocean Technologies Group, NIOT, explained to WION. As deep-ocean research takes an extended period of time to yield results, sustained human presence in the deep-ocean lab would enable better insights into these research areas, experts from NIOT say. Human presence in these long-term underwater observatories is crucial as human presence allows for real-time decision-making, in-situ experimentation, as application of human expertise cannot be fully replicated by automated systems alone. It is just like how astronauts carry out experiments in the International Space Station, an orbiting lab that circles 400 km above the Earth. The idea behind this underwater lab is to expand upon the learning and technological developments that India would gain from the mission 'Samudrayaan'. What experts point out about a habitable underwater lab? For setting up such a facility, India would have to exponentially scale up the technologies that will be a part of "Samudrayaan". Experts point out that a habitable underwater lab would require a reliable supply of power and oxygen, mechanisms to remove carbon dioxide, a rugged structure with transparent view-through, safe docking and undocking of deep-ocean submersibles with the underwater lab to enable transport of crew to the lab and back, and ability to launch and retrieve underwater robotic vehicles, remotely from and to the lab. Human factors associated with long-term psychological and physiological well-being in these habitats also require due consideration. The ongoing indigenous developments by NIOT’s Deep Ocean Technology group in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) with homing and docking, swarm capabilities and robotic intervention systems could serve as “resident” vehicles in the underwater lab serving as “spatial range extenders” that enable scientists to conduct experiments up to several kilometres around the underwater lab, Dr Vedachalam added. The very environment at depths of 6,000meters poses multiple challenges due to extreme pressure, low temperature, lack of communication, and geo-location. India would have to build an underwater lab that would withstand such extreme conditions, while housing scientists and their equipment within. As part of the development process, such a lab would be gradually tested at relatively safe depths of a few hundred meters before venturing into the unexplored deeper depths of the ocean. On the possible locations for such an underwater lab, Dr. Vedachalam said that they could be deployed in unique areas of study: at 1,000meter water depth in the Krishna Godavari basin to study and explore gas hydrates which is a source of natural gas; at 3,000meter depths to study the sulphide deposits at hydrothermal vents, and poly-metallic nodules at 5,500meter water depths in the Central Indian Ocean.

Human presence in these long-term underwater observatories is crucial as human presence allows for real-time decision-making, in-situ experimentation, as application of human expertise cannot be fully replicated by automated systems alone.

India's deep-ocean habitation concept - a research lab 6,000 meters deep

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