To err is human, and astronauts are no different.

On November 2, when NASA astronauts Jasmin Moghbeli and Loral O’Hara were conducting repairs on the International Space Station’s (ISS) solar panels, they accidentally let&nbsp;a tool bag slip away.

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Last seen by <a href="https://twitter.com/Astro_Satoshi?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Astro_Satoshi</a> while floating over Mount Fuji 🗻 the 'Orbital Police' can confirm that the lost EVA gear is being tracked 🫡 <a href="https://t.co/wz4MITmAfM">https://t.co/wz4MITmAfM</a> <a href="https://t.co/eksfu9fPFw">pic.twitter.com/eksfu9fPFw</a>
— Dr Meganne Christian (@astro_meganne) <a href="https://twitter.com/astro_meganne/status/1721297966999236802?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 5, 2023</a></blockquote>
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Now, it is orbiting Earth, and some sky observers might actually spot it using binoculars at around magnitude +6.

<h2>What happened?</h2>

While spacewalkers were conducting repairs on the solar panel unit, they inadvertently lost one tool bag. Later, the bag was spotted using external station cameras.&nbsp;

Fortunately, the tool bag was no longer required in the repair operation. Later, NASA scientists predicted the bag’s trajectory and concluded that it posed no risk to the ISS or the onboard crew.

<h2>What will happen to the tool bag?</h2>

The tool bag is expected to orbit around Earth for a few months, during which it will continue to descend until 70 miles or 113 kilometres.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Cosmic journey: Space balloons &amp; space station visit part of the tour

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After reaching there, it will start to disintegrate in Earth’s atmosphere.

<h2>Can people on Earth see the tool bag?</h2>

Observers who can see the ISS can also spot the tool bag, extremely bright for its size, hovering near the space station.

They should scan the sky just ahead of the space station, using binoculars, for the next few weeks.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/beam-me-up-scotty-scientists-to-use-sci-fi-beam-to-get-rid-of-real-space-junk-655715">Also read:&nbsp;`Beam me up, Scotty`: Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk</a>

As the small object gradually loses height, it should appear a few seconds ahead of the ISS.

<h2>Previous such instances</h2>

Interestingly, on November 18, 2008, astronauts lost a similar repair kit during an operation outside the ISS.

It was visible from Earth even months later, just ahead of the ISS. Astronauts have lost several such items previously as well which are now part of the junkyard in near-Earth orbit.

(With inputs from agencies)

To err is human, and astronauts are no different. On November 2, when NASA astronauts Jasmin Moghbeli and Loral O’Hara were conducting repairs on the International Space Station’s (ISS) solar panels, they accidentally let a tool bag slip away.

To err is human, and astronauts are no different. On November 2, when NASA astronauts Jasmin Moghbeli and Loral O’Hara were conducting repairs on the International Space Station’s (ISS) solar panels, they accidentally let a tool bag slip away. Last seen by @Astro_Satoshi while floating over Mount Fuji 🗻 the 'Orbital Police' can confirm that the lost EVA gear is being tracked 🫡 https://t.co/wz4MITmAfM pic.twitter.com/eksfu9fPFw — Dr Meganne Christian (@astro_meganne) November 5, 2023 × Now, it is orbiting Earth, and some sky observers might actually spot it using binoculars at around magnitude +6. What happened? While spacewalkers were conducting repairs on the solar panel unit, they inadvertently lost one tool bag. Later, the bag was spotted using external station cameras. Fortunately, the tool bag was no longer required in the repair operation. Later, NASA scientists predicted the bag’s trajectory and concluded that it posed no risk to the ISS or the onboard crew. What will happen to the tool bag? The tool bag is expected to orbit around Earth for a few months, during which it will continue to descend until 70 miles or 113 kilometres. Watch: Cosmic journey: Space balloons & space station visit part of the tour × After reaching there, it will start to disintegrate in Earth’s atmosphere. Can people on Earth see the tool bag? Observers who can see the ISS can also spot the tool bag, extremely bright for its size, hovering near the space station. They should scan the sky just ahead of the space station, using binoculars, for the next few weeks. Also read: `Beam me up, Scotty`: Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk As the small object gradually loses height, it should appear a few seconds ahead of the ISS. Previous such instances Interestingly, on November 18, 2008, astronauts lost a similar repair kit during an operation outside the ISS. It was visible from Earth even months later, just ahead of the ISS. Astronauts have lost several such items previously as well which are now part of the junkyard in near-Earth orbit. (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: Astronauts accidentally let a tool bag slip away in space. Now it is orbiting Earth

If we could turn back time to 4.6 billion years ago and capture the birth of our Sun on camera, we might find a similar scene to the stunning new image obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

The image shows a star being born, that as per a report by The Guardian is estimated to be no more than 50,000 years old.

<h2>What the image shows</h2>

The image is of HH212, and at the centre of this object is a young star coming into existence.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/beam-me-up-scotty-scientists-to-use-sci-fi-beam-to-get-rid-of-real-space-junk-655715">'Beam me up, Scotty': Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk</a>

As per the report, you can't see the glow from the protostar itself because it is hidden within a sense, spinning disk of gas and dust. Instead, we see pinky-red jets, which can be seen being emitted dramatically in polar opposite directions.

<h2>What is HH212?&nbsp;</h2>

HH212, positioned in the Orion constellation, is situated near the three bright stars constituting the "belt" of the mythical hunter 'Orion'.&nbsp;

Roughly 1,300 light-years away from Earth, this object is a remarkable example of a developing star regulating its own birth through the propulsion of gases.&nbsp;

Talking to the BBC, European Space Agency senior scientific adviser Professor Mark McCaughrean explained, "As the blobby ball of gas at the centre compacts down, it rotates. But if it rotates too fast, it will fly apart, so something has to get rid of the angular momentum."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/forget-glass-ceiling-new-study-finds-women-likely-to-be-set-up-to-fall-off-of-glass-cliff-655791">Forget 'glass ceiling,' new study finds women likely to be set up to fall off of 'glass cliff'</a>

"We think it's jets and outflows. We think that as all the material shrinks down, magnetic fields are pulled together and then some of the material coming in through the disc gets captured in magnetic fields and is thrown out through the poles. That's why we call these structures bi-polar," he added.

The pinky-red hues indicate the presence of molecular hydrogen, while shockwaves course through the outflows, giving them their radiant glow — visible in the picture — at an infrared wavelength of 2.12 microns.&nbsp;

JWST's Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) captured this striking image. Astronomers have been observing HH212 for decades, but the precision of the Webb telescope's view is ten times superior to any previous observation, offering an unprecedented opportunity to understand the intricate processes of star formation.

(With inputs from agencies)

If we could turn back time to 4.6 billion years ago and capture the birth of our Sun on camera, we might find a similar scene to the stunning new image obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

If we could turn back time to 4.6 billion years ago and capture the birth of our Sun on camera, we might find a similar scene to the stunning new image obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The image shows a star being born, that as per a report by The Guardian is estimated to be no more than 50,000 years old. What the image shows The image is of HH212, and at the centre of this object is a young star coming into existence. Also read | 'Beam me up, Scotty': Scientists to use sci-fi beam to get rid of real space junk As per the report, you can't see the glow from the protostar itself because it is hidden within a sense, spinning disk of gas and dust. Instead, we see pinky-red jets, which can be seen being emitted dramatically in polar opposite directions. What is HH212? HH212, positioned in the Orion constellation, is situated near the three bright stars constituting the "belt" of the mythical hunter 'Orion'. Roughly 1,300 light-years away from Earth, this object is a remarkable example of a developing star regulating its own birth through the propulsion of gases. Talking to the BBC, European Space Agency senior scientific adviser Professor Mark McCaughrean explained, "As the blobby ball of gas at the centre compacts down, it rotates. But if it rotates too fast, it will fly apart, so something has to get rid of the angular momentum." Also read | Forget 'glass ceiling,' new study finds women likely to be set up to fall off of 'glass cliff' "We think it's jets and outflows. We think that as all the material shrinks down, magnetic fields are pulled together and then some of the material coming in through the disc gets captured in magnetic fields and is thrown out through the poles. That's why we call these structures bi-polar," he added. The pinky-red hues indicate the presence of molecular hydrogen, while shockwaves course through the outflows, giving them their radiant glow — visible in the picture — at an infrared wavelength of 2.12 microns. JWST's Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) captured this striking image. Astronomers have been observing HH212 for decades, but the precision of the Webb telescope's view is ten times superior to any previous observation, offering an unprecedented opportunity to understand the intricate processes of star formation. (With inputs from agencies)

Into the depths of creation: James Webb Space telescope's new image shows spectacular birth of a star

Those people who have a keen interest in space and wish to spot where NASA's International Space Station (ISS) is located in the sky have now been given a digital tool for it. 
 
NASA has released a new app called "Spot The Station" which allows people to see where the ISS is hanging in space. The application can be downloaded for free on Android and iOS devices. 
 
The application is a step ahead in the space agency's already existing official website "Spot the Station". It will have more information and capabilities to enhance the tracking experience of the International Space Station (ISS) for both casual stargazers and NASA acolytes.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-exactly-is-nasas-lucy-mission-654833">Explained | What exactly is NASA's Lucy Mission?</a>

Speaking about the application in an official statement, NASA said, "An augmented reality interface makes it easier for users to locate the station and provides options for capturing and sharing pictures and videos of their sightings in real-time. With the power of augmented reality, the app's built-in compass will show you where the space station is — even if you're on the other side of the globe. Users also can sign up for mobile notifications of upcoming viewing opportunities based on their exact location."

<h2>People free to access, modify and customise 'Spot the Station'</h2>

The International Space Station Programme created the application at NASA's Space Operations Mission Directorate and the Centre of Excellence for Collaborative Innovation. 
 
This is a special branch of the Prizes, Challenges and Crowdsourcing programme in the Space Technology Mission Directorate of the agency. 
 
The code "Spot the Station" has been open source for public to freely acces it, customise as well as modify it to suit their needs and to provide valuable feedback to developer. 
 
"Even after 23 years of continuous human presence aboard the International Space Station, it's incredibly exciting to see the station when you look up at just the right moment," said Robyn Gatens, International Space Station director at NASA Headquarters in Washington, in the same statement of NASA.

Watch |&nbsp;NASA reveals long-awaited findings of UFO report

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"The orbiting laboratory that continues to provide so many unique, tangible benefits for humanity really isn’t that far out of reach,” he added. 
 
"Spot the Station" was released officially just a month before the 25th anniversary of ISS, Zarya and Unity modules had come together on December 6, 1998. 
 
NASA astronaut Bill Shepherd and cosmonauts Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei Krikalev became the first people to live on a space station on November 2, 2000.

(With inputs from agencies)

 
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Those people who have a keen interest in space and wish to spot where NASA's International Space Station (ISS) is located in the sky have now been given a digital tool for it.

Those people who have a keen interest in space and wish to spot where NASA's International Space Station (ISS) is located in the sky have now been given a digital tool for it. NASA has released a new app called "Spot The Station" which allows people to see where the ISS is hanging in space. The application can be downloaded for free on Android and iOS devices. The application is a step ahead in the space agency's already existing official website "Spot the Station". It will have more information and capabilities to enhance the tracking experience of the International Space Station (ISS) for both casual stargazers and NASA acolytes. ALSO READ | Explained | What exactly is NASA's Lucy Mission? Speaking about the application in an official statement, NASA said, "An augmented reality interface makes it easier for users to locate the station and provides options for capturing and sharing pictures and videos of their sightings in real-time. With the power of augmented reality, the app's built-in compass will show you where the space station is — even if you're on the other side of the globe. Users also can sign up for mobile notifications of upcoming viewing opportunities based on their exact location." People free to access, modify and customise 'Spot the Station' The International Space Station Programme created the application at NASA's Space Operations Mission Directorate and the Centre of Excellence for Collaborative Innovation. This is a special branch of the Prizes, Challenges and Crowdsourcing programme in the Space Technology Mission Directorate of the agency. The code "Spot the Station" has been open source for public to freely acces it, customise as well as modify it to suit their needs and to provide valuable feedback to developer. "Even after 23 years of continuous human presence aboard the International Space Station, it's incredibly exciting to see the station when you look up at just the right moment," said Robyn Gatens, International Space Station director at NASA Headquarters in Washington, in the same statement of NASA. Watch | NASA reveals long-awaited findings of UFO report "The orbiting laboratory that continues to provide so many unique, tangible benefits for humanity really isn’t that far out of reach,” he added. "Spot the Station" was released officially just a month before the 25th anniversary of ISS, Zarya and Unity modules had come together on December 6, 1998. NASA astronaut Bill Shepherd and cosmonauts Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei Krikalev became the first people to live on a space station on November 2, 2000. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

'Spot the Station': NASA will now let people check location of space station through mobile app

Astronomers have uncovered a scorching seven-planet system through the continued analysis of data from NASA's retired Kepler space telescope, the space agency said in a statement. These planets get intense heat emitted by their host star, far more than any celestial body within our solar system.

Intriguingly, all seven planets in this newly discovered system, named Kepler-385, stand out for their unique characteristics. They are larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune, setting them apart from our immediate cosmic neighbours.

Such planets are relatively rare in the universe. Kepler-385 is among the select few planetary systems known to house more than six confirmed planets or planet candidates.

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The unveiling of Kepler-385 is a highlight in the latest Kepler catalog, a compilation of nearly 4,400 planet candidates. This catalog remarkably encompasses over 700 multi-planet systems.&nbsp;

Jack Lissauer, a research scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center in California's Silicon Valley and the lead author of the catalog, stated, "We've assembled the most accurate list of Kepler planet candidates and their properties to date."

The Kepler mission is instrumental in expanding our understanding of these celestial bodies. “NASA’s Kepler mission has discovered the majority of known exoplanets, and this new catalog will enable astronomers to learn more about their characteristics," Lissauer added.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/russian-pussy-riot-activist-sentenced-in-absentia-over-bucha-claims-654751">Russia: Pussy Riot activist sentenced in absentia over Bucha claims</a>

<h2>Kepler-385 system</h2>

At the heart of the Kepler-385 system lies a star akin to our Sun. It is 10 per cent larger and 5 per cent hotter.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/why-are-some-countries-changing-their-clock-timings-trending-on-wion-654804">Why are some countries changing their clock timings? Trending on WION</a>

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Two inner planets, slightly larger than Earth, are likely composed of rock and may possess thin atmospheres. In contrast, the remaining five planets are substantially larger, each boasting a radius about twice that of Earth, and are expected to be cloaked in thick atmospheres.

"The ability to describe the properties of the Kepler-385 system in such detail is a testament to the quality of this latest catalog of exoplanets. While the Kepler mission’s final catalogs focused on producing lists optimised to measure how common planets are around other stars, this study focuses on producing a comprehensive list that provides accurate information about each of the systems, making discoveries like Kepler-385 possible," NASA statement read.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

&nbsp;

Astronomers have uncovered a scorching seven-planet system through the continued analysis of data from NASA's retired Kepler space telescope, the space agency said in a statement.

Astronomers have uncovered a scorching seven-planet system through the continued analysis of data from NASA's retired Kepler space telescope, the space agency said in a statement. These planets get intense heat emitted by their host star, far more than any celestial body within our solar system. Intriguingly, all seven planets in this newly discovered system, named Kepler-385, stand out for their unique characteristics. They are larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune, setting them apart from our immediate cosmic neighbours. Such planets are relatively rare in the universe. Kepler-385 is among the select few planetary systems known to house more than six confirmed planets or planet candidates. Also Read | Poland considered a dangerous enemy by Russia: Putin ally The unveiling of Kepler-385 is a highlight in the latest Kepler catalog, a compilation of nearly 4,400 planet candidates. This catalog remarkably encompasses over 700 multi-planet systems. Jack Lissauer, a research scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center in California's Silicon Valley and the lead author of the catalog, stated, "We've assembled the most accurate list of Kepler planet candidates and their properties to date." The Kepler mission is instrumental in expanding our understanding of these celestial bodies. “NASA’s Kepler mission has discovered the majority of known exoplanets, and this new catalog will enable astronomers to learn more about their characteristics," Lissauer added. Also Read | Russia: Pussy Riot activist sentenced in absentia over Bucha claims Kepler-385 system At the heart of the Kepler-385 system lies a star akin to our Sun. It is 10 per cent larger and 5 per cent hotter. Watch | Why are some countries changing their clock timings? Trending on WION × Two inner planets, slightly larger than Earth, are likely composed of rock and may possess thin atmospheres. In contrast, the remaining five planets are substantially larger, each boasting a radius about twice that of Earth, and are expected to be cloaked in thick atmospheres. "The ability to describe the properties of the Kepler-385 system in such detail is a testament to the quality of this latest catalog of exoplanets. While the Kepler mission’s final catalogs focused on producing lists optimised to measure how common planets are around other stars, this study focuses on producing a comprehensive list that provides accurate information about each of the systems, making discoveries like Kepler-385 possible," NASA statement read. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Kepler telescope finds a new seven-planet system

NASA’s Lucy spacecraft flew past asteroid Dinkinesh on Nov 1, marking its first flyby since its launch. But to everyone’s surprise, asteroid Dinkinesh is not one but actually made up of two tiny space rocks. This means, Lucy has flown past two small asteroids in a single shot, making this a one-of-a-kind event in space exploration.&nbsp;

Lucy zoomed by the small asteroid Dinkinesh, also known as Dinky, on Wednesday and sent back its images to Earth. These images revealed that Dinkinesh has an even smaller space rock orbiting it, which is essentially its "satellite".&nbsp;Scientists at NASA were amazed at this discovery and called it “marvellous.”

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-sizeable-hole-spotted-in-parachute-used-by-astronauts-landing-from-tiangong-space-station-watch-654309">China: Sizeable hole spotted in parachute used by astronauts landing from Tiangong space station. Watch</a>

Han Levinson, who is the principal investigator for Lucy from Southwest Research Institute, said, “Dinkinesh really did live up to its name; this is marvellous.” He was referring to the meaning of Dinkinesh in the Amharic language, “marvellous.”

<h2>Asteroid Dinkinesh is actually a binary unit</h2>

This discovery doesn’t come as a surprise to NASA scientists though, as the Lucy team has been wondering for quite a long time if Dinkinesh might be a binary unit, i.e., is it made up of two extremely tiny space rocks? The observation was based on Lucy's instrument’s readings as it measured a change in the brightness with time. But as the images came, all doubts were cleared.

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This is why we explore. Turns out that asteroid Dinkinesh is… asteroids Dinkinesh? During the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/LucyMission?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#LucyMission</a>’s first asteroid flyby on Nov. 1, we discovered that the main belt asteroid is a party of two, or binary pair! <a href="https://t.co/3aYWLvWmOw">https://t.co/3aYWLvWmOw</a> <a href="https://t.co/IX2ZHHtRdK">pic.twitter.com/IX2ZHHtRdK</a>
— NASA Solar System (@NASASolarSystem) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASASolarSystem/status/1720143596811104371?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 2, 2023</a></blockquote>
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Dinkinesh is a close binary. From a preliminary analysis of the first available images, the team estimates that the larger body is approximately 0.5 miles (790 m) at its widest, while the smaller is about 0.15 miles (220 m) in size, NASA said in a press release.

The team believe that this encounter has served as an in-flight test of the spacecraft, specifically focusing on testing the system that allows Lucy to autonomously track an asteroid while flying past at 10,000 mph. This system is referred to as the terminal tracking system.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-is-what-earth-will-look-like-if-it-surpasses-the-climate-threshold-and-it-will-happen-soon-654355">New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold</a>

“This is an awesome series of images. They indicate that the terminal tracking system worked as intended, even when the universe presented us with a more difficult target than we expected,” said Tom Kennedy, guidance and navigation engineer at Lockheed Martin in Littleton, Colorado.

The Lucy team will now take another week to completely unravel, or in this case, downlink all the data coming from the spacecraft. The team will use this data to evaluate the spacecraft’s behaviour during the encounter and to prepare for the next close-up look at the main belt asteroid, Donaldjohanson, in 2025.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA’s Lucy spacecraft flew past asteroid Dinkinesh on Nov 1, marking its first flyby since its launch. But to everyone’s surprise, asteroid Dinkinesh is not one but actually made up of two tiny space rocks.

NASA’s Lucy spacecraft flew past asteroid Dinkinesh on Nov 1, marking its first flyby since its launch. But to everyone’s surprise, asteroid Dinkinesh is not one but actually made up of two tiny space rocks. This means, Lucy has flown past two small asteroids in a single shot, making this a one-of-a-kind event in space exploration. Lucy zoomed by the small asteroid Dinkinesh, also known as Dinky, on Wednesday and sent back its images to Earth. These images revealed that Dinkinesh has an even smaller space rock orbiting it, which is essentially its "satellite". Scientists at NASA were amazed at this discovery and called it “marvellous.” Also Read | China: Sizeable hole spotted in parachute used by astronauts landing from Tiangong space station. Watch Han Levinson, who is the principal investigator for Lucy from Southwest Research Institute, said, “Dinkinesh really did live up to its name; this is marvellous.” He was referring to the meaning of Dinkinesh in the Amharic language, “marvellous.” Asteroid Dinkinesh is actually a binary unit This discovery doesn’t come as a surprise to NASA scientists though, as the Lucy team has been wondering for quite a long time if Dinkinesh might be a binary unit, i.e., is it made up of two extremely tiny space rocks? The observation was based on Lucy's instrument’s readings as it measured a change in the brightness with time. But as the images came, all doubts were cleared. This is why we explore. Turns out that asteroid Dinkinesh is… asteroids Dinkinesh? During the #LucyMission’s first asteroid flyby on Nov. 1, we discovered that the main belt asteroid is a party of two, or binary pair! https://t.co/3aYWLvWmOw pic.twitter.com/IX2ZHHtRdK — NASA Solar System (@NASASolarSystem) November 2, 2023 × Dinkinesh is a close binary. From a preliminary analysis of the first available images, the team estimates that the larger body is approximately 0.5 miles (790 m) at its widest, while the smaller is about 0.15 miles (220 m) in size, NASA said in a press release. The team believe that this encounter has served as an in-flight test of the spacecraft, specifically focusing on testing the system that allows Lucy to autonomously track an asteroid while flying past at 10,000 mph. This system is referred to as the terminal tracking system. Also Read | New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold “This is an awesome series of images. They indicate that the terminal tracking system worked as intended, even when the universe presented us with a more difficult target than we expected,” said Tom Kennedy, guidance and navigation engineer at Lockheed Martin in Littleton, Colorado. The Lucy team will now take another week to completely unravel, or in this case, downlink all the data coming from the spacecraft. The team will use this data to evaluate the spacecraft’s behaviour during the encounter and to prepare for the next close-up look at the main belt asteroid, Donaldjohanson, in 2025. (With inputs from agencies)

Asteroid Dinkinesh has its own moon, pictures sent by Lucy mission show

Halloween is a day for all things scary and looks like the Sun got the memo. On Halloween, October 31st, NASA captured a scary-looking video of a vast "canyon of fire" that erupted from the star.

This phenomenon as per Space.com was twice the width of the United States, and it was witnessed happening on the sun's Southern Hemisphere.

<h2>What caused this?</h2>

Behind this 'canyon of fire' was a large magnetic filament eruption from the sun, which generated a vast canyon on the sun, which, as per estimates, was roughly 10,000 kilometres or 6,200 miles wide and about 10 times as long.&nbsp;

Solar filaments, as per the report, are 'colossal' arcs of electrified gas, or plasma, held suspended above the star's surface. Responding to the sun's magnetic field, they snake through its atmosphere.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-mysterious-blobs-remnants-of-ancient-moon-forming-object-present-near-earths-core-654107">A planet crashed into Earth 4.5bn yrs ago, and so the moon was born</a>

And when the magnetic field becomes unstable, these filaments collapse, which at times results in spectacular explosions, like the one that happened on Halloween.

On social media platform X, solar physicist Keith Strong posted the video along with the caption "The Sun produced a large filament eruption near the SE limb this evening. It was very large, compare it to the size of the Earth (inset)".

"Notice how it starts moving very slowly and gradually accelerates until it becomes unstable and erupts," he added.

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FILAMENT ERUPTION IN SOUTHEAST. The Sun produced a large filament eruption near the SE limb this evening. It was very large, compare it to the size of the Earth (inset). Notice how it starts moving very slowly and gradually accelerates until it becomes unstable and erupts. <a href="https://t.co/WUljIdGGFd">pic.twitter.com/WUljIdGGFd</a>
— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) <a href="https://twitter.com/drkstrong/status/1719546229426622597?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 1, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<h2>Will it affect the Earth?</h2>

The video of this canyon of fire soon went viral on social media platform X, with people speculating that it may hit our planet and cause some serious damage.

However, as per a NASA model, debris from the explosion will not hit Earth.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-releases-playlist-of-eerie-recordings-from-the-solar-system-654069">NASA releases playlist of eerie recordings from the solar system</a>

If the eruption had resulted in coronal mass ejection (CME) that was directed at Earth, it would have caused impressive aurora borealis or northern lights in the Northern Hemisphere and the aurora australis or southern lights in the Southern Hemisphere.

(With inputs from agencies)

Halloween is a day for all things scary and looks like the Sun got the memo. On Halloween, October 31st, NASA captured a scary-looking video of a vast "canyon of fire" that erupted from the star.

Halloween is a day for all things scary and looks like the Sun got the memo. On Halloween, October 31st, NASA captured a scary-looking video of a vast "canyon of fire" that erupted from the star. This phenomenon as per Space.com was twice the width of the United States, and it was witnessed happening on the sun's Southern Hemisphere. What caused this? Behind this 'canyon of fire' was a large magnetic filament eruption from the sun, which generated a vast canyon on the sun, which, as per estimates, was roughly 10,000 kilometres or 6,200 miles wide and about 10 times as long. Solar filaments, as per the report, are 'colossal' arcs of electrified gas, or plasma, held suspended above the star's surface. Responding to the sun's magnetic field, they snake through its atmosphere. Also read | A planet crashed into Earth 4.5bn yrs ago, and so the moon was born And when the magnetic field becomes unstable, these filaments collapse, which at times results in spectacular explosions, like the one that happened on Halloween. On social media platform X, solar physicist Keith Strong posted the video along with the caption "The Sun produced a large filament eruption near the SE limb this evening. It was very large, compare it to the size of the Earth (inset)". "Notice how it starts moving very slowly and gradually accelerates until it becomes unstable and erupts," he added. FILAMENT ERUPTION IN SOUTHEAST. The Sun produced a large filament eruption near the SE limb this evening. It was very large, compare it to the size of the Earth (inset). Notice how it starts moving very slowly and gradually accelerates until it becomes unstable and erupts. pic.twitter.com/WUljIdGGFd — Keith Strong (@drkstrong) November 1, 2023 × Will it affect the Earth? The video of this canyon of fire soon went viral on social media platform X, with people speculating that it may hit our planet and cause some serious damage. However, as per a NASA model, debris from the explosion will not hit Earth. Also read | NASA releases playlist of eerie recordings from the solar system If the eruption had resulted in coronal mass ejection (CME) that was directed at Earth, it would have caused impressive aurora borealis or northern lights in the Northern Hemisphere and the aurora australis or southern lights in the Southern Hemisphere. (With inputs from agencies)

Sun marks Halloween with a scary 'canyon of fire' display; NASA captures video. Watch

The vast expanse of the universe, with its stars, galaxies, planets, comets, and asteroids, is often associated with silence. However, a fascinating aspect of the cosmos is that certain objects within our solar system emit sounds – sounds that are often beyond human hearing but can be captured and translated into audible frequencies using sophisticated space agency tools like NASA's.

This novel technique, known as data sonification, takes the digital data collected by space instruments and transforms it into sound, said NASA in its<a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/multimedia/sonifications/"> report</a>.

NASA has compiled a captivating playlist of these space sonifications, providing a unique auditory experience that offers a fresh perspective on the universe.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nisar-in-a-first-nasa-and-isro-to-collaboratively-launch-earth-observing-satellite-in-2024-654044">Also read |&nbsp;NISAR: In a first, NASA and ISRO to collaboratively launch earth-observing satellite in 2024</a>

<h2>NASA's playlist</h2>

From Mercury to Jupiter, NASA's playlist includes eerie sounds captured by the Hubble Space Telescope and other space instruments.

Among these celestial auditory offerings is the haunting resonance of a supermassive black hole, an awe-inspiring sound originating from a location 250 million light years away.

This process of converting light and data into sound is not merely for the sake of creating an auditory spectacle; it serves a crucial scientific purpose.

Data sonification enables scientists to uncover hidden details of the universe that may have otherwise eluded them. For instance, Mars, a planet lacking a robust magnetic field, produces the eerie sounds of its winds as dust devils dance across its dusty terrain.

Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede contribute to the cosmic symphony by emitting plasma sounds that resemble robotic blips and bleeps. These intriguing sounds offer valuable insights into the mysterious workings of these celestial bodies.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/guide-for-skygazers-november-night-sky-to-bring-meteor-showers-stunning-views-of-jupiter-and-moon-653961">Also read |&nbsp;Guide for skygazers: November night sky to bring meteor showers, stunning views of Jupiter and Moon</a>

Even our home planet has a place in this cosmic orchestra, offering sounds reminiscent of birdsong or the haunting calls of whales. Saturn, with its majestic rings, contributes a soundscape that could easily be the score of a science fiction movie.

NASA explains the process of converting digital data into sound, where elements from the original image, such as brightness and position, are assigned specific pitches and volumes.

This transformation provides a new way to experience and conceptualise astronomical data.&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

The vast expanse of the universe, with its stars, galaxies, planets, comets, and asteroids, is often associated with silence. However, a fascinating aspect of the cosmos is that certain objects within our solar system emit sounds – sounds that are often beyond human hearing but can be captured and translated into audible frequencies using sophisticated space agency tools like NASA's.

The vast expanse of the universe, with its stars, galaxies, planets, comets, and asteroids, is often associated with silence. However, a fascinating aspect of the cosmos is that certain objects within our solar system emit sounds – sounds that are often beyond human hearing but can be captured and translated into audible frequencies using sophisticated space agency tools like NASA's. This novel technique, known as data sonification, takes the digital data collected by space instruments and transforms it into sound, said NASA in its report. NASA has compiled a captivating playlist of these space sonifications, providing a unique auditory experience that offers a fresh perspective on the universe. Also read | NISAR: In a first, NASA and ISRO to collaboratively launch earth-observing satellite in 2024 NASA's playlist From Mercury to Jupiter, NASA's playlist includes eerie sounds captured by the Hubble Space Telescope and other space instruments. Among these celestial auditory offerings is the haunting resonance of a supermassive black hole, an awe-inspiring sound originating from a location 250 million light years away. This process of converting light and data into sound is not merely for the sake of creating an auditory spectacle; it serves a crucial scientific purpose. Data sonification enables scientists to uncover hidden details of the universe that may have otherwise eluded them. For instance, Mars, a planet lacking a robust magnetic field, produces the eerie sounds of its winds as dust devils dance across its dusty terrain. Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede contribute to the cosmic symphony by emitting plasma sounds that resemble robotic blips and bleeps. These intriguing sounds offer valuable insights into the mysterious workings of these celestial bodies. Also read | Guide for skygazers: November night sky to bring meteor showers, stunning views of Jupiter and Moon Even our home planet has a place in this cosmic orchestra, offering sounds reminiscent of birdsong or the haunting calls of whales. Saturn, with its majestic rings, contributes a soundscape that could easily be the score of a science fiction movie. NASA explains the process of converting digital data into sound, where elements from the original image, such as brightness and position, are assigned specific pitches and volumes. This transformation provides a new way to experience and conceptualise astronomical data.

NASA releases playlist of eerie recordings from the solar system

Were you visited by the little green men? Was someone you know at the receiving end of an extraterrestrial probe? If yes, you may soon be able to report such a (mis)&nbsp;happening online to the US Pentagon.

This could be done via an online reporting tool that went live on Tuesday (Oct 31). However, there's a catch.

<h2>Report aliens: Terms and conditions applied&nbsp;</h2>

For now, this secure form is available only to current or former federal employees or those "with direct knowledge of US government programs or activities related to UAP dating back to 1945", The Guardian said in a report.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/where-exactly-on-mars-should-humans-go-nasa-scientists-release-a-map-653058">Where exactly on Mars should humans go? NASA scientists release a map</a>

The form is called All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (Aaro) and it is available to people with the above-mentioned access on the US Defence Department website.&nbsp;

However, officials have reportedly said that the public will also be able to report such anomalies soon.

On the website, it says that Aaro "is intended as an initial point of contact … it is not intended for conveying potentially sensitive or classified information".

Watch |&nbsp;Are governments using aliens to distract the public?

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/are-governments-using-aliens-to-distract-the-public-638583/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Talking to reporters, Sean Kirkpatrick, the director of Aaro, said that first-hand knowledge of sensitive topics like the government's involvement in UAP programmes is welcome.

On the other hand, second-hand information about UAP, alien encounters etc is not welcome.

"This reporting mechanism that is on the website is for people who think they have first-hand knowledge of clandestine programs that the government has been hiding," said Kirkpatrick.

<h2>US government finally 'opening up'</h2>

The move is an expansion of the US government's efforts to be more transparent about its exploration of the unknown, reports The Guardian.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-truth-about-ufos-nasas-to-unveil-important-report-on-uaps-heres-how-you-can-watch-it-live-635757">The truth about UFOs: NASA to unveil important report on UAPs. Here's how you can watch it live</a>

It signifies that the government is slowly inching towards living up to its promises of complete openness about what it does or doesn't know, about peculiar things like strange flashes in the sky, the possibility of alien life and sightings of UFOs or UAPs as they are now called.

For decades now, conspiracy theories about clandestine government programmes involving reports of alien vehicles and remains at Area 51 in the Mojave Desert have been a source of intrigue. 
 
However, as per the Aaro chief, people might be disappointed as they currently have "no evidence of any programme having ever existed to do any sort of reverse engineering, of any sort of extraterrestrial UAP programme."

(With inputs from agencies)

Were you visited by the little green men? Was someone you know at the receiving end of an extraterrestrial probe? If yes, you may soon be able to report such a (mis) happening online to the US Pentagon.

Were you visited by the little green men? Was someone you know at the receiving end of an extraterrestrial probe? If yes, you may soon be able to report such a (mis) happening online to the US Pentagon. This could be done via an online reporting tool that went live on Tuesday (Oct 31). However, there's a catch. Report aliens: Terms and conditions applied For now, this secure form is available only to current or former federal employees or those "with direct knowledge of US government programs or activities related to UAP dating back to 1945", The Guardian said in a report. Also read | Where exactly on Mars should humans go? NASA scientists release a map The form is called All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (Aaro) and it is available to people with the above-mentioned access on the US Defence Department website. However, officials have reportedly said that the public will also be able to report such anomalies soon. On the website, it says that Aaro "is intended as an initial point of contact … it is not intended for conveying potentially sensitive or classified information". Watch | Are governments using aliens to distract the public? Talking to reporters, Sean Kirkpatrick, the director of Aaro, said that first-hand knowledge of sensitive topics like the government's involvement in UAP programmes is welcome. On the other hand, second-hand information about UAP, alien encounters etc is not welcome. "This reporting mechanism that is on the website is for people who think they have first-hand knowledge of clandestine programs that the government has been hiding," said Kirkpatrick. US government finally 'opening up' The move is an expansion of the US government's efforts to be more transparent about its exploration of the unknown, reports The Guardian. Also read | The truth about UFOs: NASA to unveil important report on UAPs. Here's how you can watch it live It signifies that the government is slowly inching towards living up to its promises of complete openness about what it does or doesn't know, about peculiar things like strange flashes in the sky, the possibility of alien life and sightings of UFOs or UAPs as they are now called. For decades now, conspiracy theories about clandestine government programmes involving reports of alien vehicles and remains at Area 51 in the Mojave Desert have been a source of intrigue. However, as per the Aaro chief, people might be disappointed as they currently have "no evidence of any programme having ever existed to do any sort of reverse engineering, of any sort of extraterrestrial UAP programme." (With inputs from agencies)

Know something about aliens or UFOs? You can tell Pentagon all about it at...

NASA on Wednesday confirmed that its Lucy spacecraft successfully completed a flyby of asteroid Dinkinesh or Dinky, a tiny space rock in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter. With this, Lucy hit a milestone as it made its first flyby on Nov 1 after its launch in Oct 2021.&nbsp;

"Based on the information received, the team has determined that the spacecraft is in good health," NASA officials wrote in a blog post after the flyby occurred. "The team has commanded the spacecraft to start downlinking the data collected during the encounter."

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gods-of-chaos-jupiter-protects-us-but-similar-gas-giants-do-this-to-earth-like-planets-654247">'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants do THIS to Earth-like planets</a>

<h2>NASA’s Lucy spacecraft made closest approach to asteroid Dinky</h2>

The Lucy mission of NASA is part of its ambitious endeavour to unravel the secrets of our solar system’s past. Lucy is only the beginning of the elaborate mission yet to be completed.&nbsp;

With Lucy, NASA will make a few flybys, relatively of nearby asteroids like Dinky. But the probe’s main goal is to fly by a few more distant Trojan asteroids orbiting the Sun alongside Jupiter. Scientists are interested in learning more about those Trojans because they're believed to be ancient relics of the solar system.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sun-marks-halloween-with-a-scary-canyon-of-fire-display-nasa-captures-video-watch-654176">Sun marks Halloween with a scary 'canyon of fire' display; NASA captures video. Watch</a>

Lucy’s flyby of Dinky can be seen as a test run of a much bigger mission to be launched in future. The spacecraft came within 270 miles ($35 kilometres) of Dinkinesh, testing its instruments. Dinkinesh is just a half-mile (1 kilometre) across, making it the smallest of the space rocks on Lucy’s journey.

<h2>Lucy mission</h2>

NASA launched Lucy two years ago with a budget of $1 billion. The spacecraft is named after the 3.2 million-year-old skeletal remains of a human ancestor found in Ethiopia in the 1970s. Lucy will make its next flyby near an asteroid that is named after one of the fossils Lucy discovered- Donald Johanson (named after American paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson).

NASA’s Lucy mission is different from its other asteroid missions, like the Psyche mission. Lucy will not stop at any asteroids or collect any samples. It will take at least a week for the spacecraft to send back all its pictures and data from the flyby. Lucy will make more such flybys past ten different asteroids in the future.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA on Wednesday confirmed that its Lucy spacecraft successfully completed a flyby of asteroid Dinkinesh or Dinky, a tiny space rock in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter.

NASA on Wednesday confirmed that its Lucy spacecraft successfully completed a flyby of asteroid Dinkinesh or Dinky, a tiny space rock in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter. With this, Lucy hit a milestone as it made its first flyby on Nov 1 after its launch in Oct 2021. "Based on the information received, the team has determined that the spacecraft is in good health," NASA officials wrote in a blog post after the flyby occurred. "The team has commanded the spacecraft to start downlinking the data collected during the encounter." Also Read | 'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants do THIS to Earth-like planets NASA’s Lucy spacecraft made closest approach to asteroid Dinky The Lucy mission of NASA is part of its ambitious endeavour to unravel the secrets of our solar system’s past. Lucy is only the beginning of the elaborate mission yet to be completed. With Lucy, NASA will make a few flybys, relatively of nearby asteroids like Dinky. But the probe’s main goal is to fly by a few more distant Trojan asteroids orbiting the Sun alongside Jupiter. Scientists are interested in learning more about those Trojans because they're believed to be ancient relics of the solar system. Also Read | Sun marks Halloween with a scary 'canyon of fire' display; NASA captures video. Watch Lucy’s flyby of Dinky can be seen as a test run of a much bigger mission to be launched in future. The spacecraft came within 270 miles ($35 kilometres) of Dinkinesh, testing its instruments. Dinkinesh is just a half-mile (1 kilometre) across, making it the smallest of the space rocks on Lucy’s journey. Lucy mission NASA launched Lucy two years ago with a budget of $1 billion. The spacecraft is named after the 3.2 million-year-old skeletal remains of a human ancestor found in Ethiopia in the 1970s. Lucy will make its next flyby near an asteroid that is named after one of the fossils Lucy discovered- Donald Johanson (named after American paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson). NASA’s Lucy mission is different from its other asteroid missions, like the Psyche mission. Lucy will not stop at any asteroids or collect any samples. It will take at least a week for the spacecraft to send back all its pictures and data from the flyby. Lucy will make more such flybys past ten different asteroids in the future. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Lucy spacecraft successfully completes first flyby of asteroid 'Dinky'

Jupiter, the planet named after the Roman king of gods, in a regal manner protects all life on Earth. However, as per a new study, gas giants like our solar system's Jupiter actually wreak havoc on nearby exoplanets.

According to the study published in The Astronomical Journal, small rocky planets like our Earth may be at risk from gas giants like Jupiter.

<h2>'Wrecking balls'</h2>

In our solar system, Jupiter's massive gravitational field protects Earth and other exoplanets from comets and asteroids by deflecting them away.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sun-marks-halloween-with-a-scary-canyon-of-fire-display-nasa-captures-video-watch-654176">Sun marks Halloween with a scary 'canyon of fire' display; NASA captures video. Watch</a>

However, not all exoplanets are as lucky. In other solar systems, the gravitational field of giant planets like Jupiter may put them at risk of getting knocked out of their orbits and the habitable zone altogether.

<h2>How can we conclude this?</h2>

To reach this conclusion, scientists studied HD 141399, a star system that contains not just one but four gas giant planets.&nbsp;

HD 141399 is located some 121 light-years away from our solar system in a constellation called Boötes.

As per Stephen Kane, first author of the paper and an astrophysicist at the University of California – Riverside, HD 141399 is a chaotic place where "It's as if they have four Jupiter(s) acting like wrecking balls, throwing everything out of whack."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-mysterious-blobs-remnants-of-ancient-moon-forming-object-present-near-earths-core-654107">A planet crashed into Earth 4.5bn years ago, and so the moon was born</a>

Using computer simulations, the team tried to see if the gas giants would knock out smaller planets and they found that if Earth was part of that system, we would be unlikely to maintain our place in the Goldilocks aka the habitable zone.&nbsp;

"There are only a select few areas where the giants' gravitational pull would not knock a rocky planet out of its orbit and send it flying right out of the zone," explains Kane.&nbsp;

<h2>Chaotic giants: Might is power</h2>

In a second paper, the same team suggests that Jupiter-like gas giants may be agents of chaos.&nbsp;

Forbes reports that located just 30 light-years from Earth is a planet similar in size but an estimated 10 times in mass, and it is causing gravitational chaos, preventing other smaller planets from orbiting in the habitable zone alongside it.

"Our work gives us more reasons to be very grateful for the planetary configuration we have in our solar system," said Kane. The team also cautioned that this finding may be a warning against assuming that all planets found in the habitable zone of a star are capable of hosting life.

(With inputs from agencies)

Jupiter, the planet named after the Roman king of gods, in a regal manner protects all life on Earth. However, as per a new study, gas giants like our solar system's Jupiter actually wreak havoc on nearby exoplanets.

Jupiter, the planet named after the Roman king of gods, in a regal manner protects all life on Earth. However, as per a new study, gas giants like our solar system's Jupiter actually wreak havoc on nearby exoplanets. According to the study published in The Astronomical Journal, small rocky planets like our Earth may be at risk from gas giants like Jupiter. 'Wrecking balls' In our solar system, Jupiter's massive gravitational field protects Earth and other exoplanets from comets and asteroids by deflecting them away. Also read | Sun marks Halloween with a scary 'canyon of fire' display; NASA captures video. Watch However, not all exoplanets are as lucky. In other solar systems, the gravitational field of giant planets like Jupiter may put them at risk of getting knocked out of their orbits and the habitable zone altogether. How can we conclude this? To reach this conclusion, scientists studied HD 141399, a star system that contains not just one but four gas giant planets. HD 141399 is located some 121 light-years away from our solar system in a constellation called Boötes. As per Stephen Kane, first author of the paper and an astrophysicist at the University of California – Riverside, HD 141399 is a chaotic place where "It's as if they have four Jupiter(s) acting like wrecking balls, throwing everything out of whack." Also read | A planet crashed into Earth 4.5bn years ago, and so the moon was born Using computer simulations, the team tried to see if the gas giants would knock out smaller planets and they found that if Earth was part of that system, we would be unlikely to maintain our place in the Goldilocks aka the habitable zone. "There are only a select few areas where the giants' gravitational pull would not knock a rocky planet out of its orbit and send it flying right out of the zone," explains Kane. Chaotic giants: Might is power In a second paper, the same team suggests that Jupiter-like gas giants may be agents of chaos. Forbes reports that located just 30 light-years from Earth is a planet similar in size but an estimated 10 times in mass, and it is causing gravitational chaos, preventing other smaller planets from orbiting in the habitable zone alongside it. "Our work gives us more reasons to be very grateful for the planetary configuration we have in our solar system," said Kane. The team also cautioned that this finding may be a warning against assuming that all planets found in the habitable zone of a star are capable of hosting life. (With inputs from agencies)

'Gods of chaos': Jupiter protects us, but similar gas giants whack other Earth-like planets

For the first time in history, the space agencies of the United States and India have joined forces to develop the hardware for an Earth-observing mission.

The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite, nearing completion, represents a significant collaboration between NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Set to launch in 2024, NISAR will revolutionise Earth's surveillance by continuously scanning the planet's surface with radar, providing valuable insights into changes over time.

The NISAR satellite will conduct a comprehensive scan of Earth's land and ice surfaces every 12 days, completing two cycles during that time frame.

This remarkable capability is made possible by equipping the satellite with two distinct synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. NASA is responsible for the L-band SAR, while ISRO handles the S-band SAR, utilizing radio waves of shorter wavelengths.

By employing different wavelengths, NISAR aims to deliver a thorough understanding of the planet's evolving landscapes.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/guide-for-skygazers-november-night-sky-to-bring-meteor-showers-stunning-views-of-jupiter-and-moon-653961">Also read |&nbsp;Guide for skygazers: November night sky to bring meteor showers, stunning views of Jupiter and Moon</a>

<h2>Unprecedented insights into forests and wetlands</h2>

NISAR's primary focus will be Earth's forests and wetlands, of particular interest to climate scientists.

These ecosystems play a critical role as carbon sinks, sequestering carbon that would otherwise contribute to atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

However, human activities such as deforestation for agriculture and urban expansion encroach upon these vital ecosystems, diminishing their carbon storage potential.

It is estimated that land use changes, including these alterations, account for approximately 11 per cent&nbsp;of global carbon emissions.

The NISAR satellite is scheduled for launch in early 2024 from ISRO's Satish Dhawan Space Center in southern India.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-observes-mineral-salts-organic-treasures-on-jupiters-moon-ganymede-653935">Also read |&nbsp;NASA's Juno observes mineral salts, organic treasures on Jupiter’s moon Ganymede</a>

This collaborative effort between NASA and ISRO signifies a groundbreaking partnership aimed at advancing our understanding of Earth's changing landscapes and ecosystems.

NISAR's observations will be instrumental in addressing critical environmental challenges and bolstering efforts to mitigate climate change's impact on our planet. 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

For the first time in history, the space agencies of the United States and India have joined forces to develop the hardware for an Earth-observing mission. The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite, nearing completion, represents a significant collaboration between NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

For the first time in history, the space agencies of the United States and India have joined forces to develop the hardware for an Earth-observing mission. The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite, nearing completion, represents a significant collaboration between NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Set to launch in 2024, NISAR will revolutionise Earth's surveillance by continuously scanning the planet's surface with radar, providing valuable insights into changes over time. The NISAR satellite will conduct a comprehensive scan of Earth's land and ice surfaces every 12 days, completing two cycles during that time frame. This remarkable capability is made possible by equipping the satellite with two distinct synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. NASA is responsible for the L-band SAR, while ISRO handles the S-band SAR, utilizing radio waves of shorter wavelengths. By employing different wavelengths, NISAR aims to deliver a thorough understanding of the planet's evolving landscapes. Also read | Guide for skygazers: November night sky to bring meteor showers, stunning views of Jupiter and Moon Unprecedented insights into forests and wetlands NISAR's primary focus will be Earth's forests and wetlands, of particular interest to climate scientists. These ecosystems play a critical role as carbon sinks, sequestering carbon that would otherwise contribute to atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. However, human activities such as deforestation for agriculture and urban expansion encroach upon these vital ecosystems, diminishing their carbon storage potential. It is estimated that land use changes, including these alterations, account for approximately 11 per cent of global carbon emissions. The NISAR satellite is scheduled for launch in early 2024 from ISRO's Satish Dhawan Space Center in southern India. Also read | NASA's Juno observes mineral salts, organic treasures on Jupiter’s moon Ganymede This collaborative effort between NASA and ISRO signifies a groundbreaking partnership aimed at advancing our understanding of Earth's changing landscapes and ecosystems. NISAR's observations will be instrumental in addressing critical environmental challenges and bolstering efforts to mitigate climate change's impact on our planet. (With inputs from agencies)

NISAR: In a first, NASA and ISRO to collaboratively launch earth-observing satellite in 2024

NASA's Juno mission has made a significant observation of mineral salts and organic compounds on the surface of Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon. This data was gathered by the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) spectrometer during a close flyby of Ganymede. The findings are crucial as these observations will now be able to throw light on Ganymede's origin and its deep-ocean composition.

The results of the observation were published in the journal Nature Astronomy on October 30.

Ganymede is even larger than the planet Mercury. This moon, one among more than 80 moons of the planet Jupiter, has attracted scientific interest due to its vast internal ocean hidden beneath an icy crust.

The observation is a breakthrough for scientists as previous observations from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope had only hinted at the presence of salts and organic compounds. At the time, the spatial resolution of those observations was insufficient to draw definitive conclusions.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/fda-weighs-risks-and-benefits-of-crispr-therapy-for-sickle-cell-disease-653869">FDA weighs risks and benefits of CRISPR therapy for sickle cell disease</a>

<h2>Juno flies over&nbsp;Jupiter's moon,&nbsp;Ganymede</h2>

On June 7, 2021, the Juno spacecraft flew over Ganymede at an altitude of 650 miles.

The JIRAM instrument captured infrared images and spectra of the moon's surface. JIRAM, built by the Italian Space Agency, was originally designed to study Jupiter's atmosphere but has also been used to explore the surfaces of Jupiter's Galilean moons - Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.

The JIRAM data collected during the flyby achieved a remarkable spatial resolution for infrared spectroscopy which exceeded 0.62 miles per pixel.

Using this data, Juno scientists identified and analysed unique spectral features of non-water-ice materials, including hydrated sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and possibly aliphatic aldehydes.

Federico Tosi, a Juno co-investigator from Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics in Rome and lead author of the paper in a statement said,&nbsp;“The presence of ammoniated salts suggests that Ganymede may have accumulated materials cold enough to condense ammonia during its formation."

“The carbonate salts could be remnants of carbon dioxide-rich ices," Tosi added.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/anger-is-not-your-enemy-all-the-time-may-help-you-solve-problems-faster-653812">Anger is not your enemy all the time, may help you solve problems faster</a>

<h2>Abundance of salts and organics</h2>

During the June 2021 flyby, JIRAM identified the greatest abundance of salts and organics in the dark and bright terrains at latitudes protected by Ganymede's magnetic field.

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Scott Bolton, Juno’s principal investigator from the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio said, “This suggests we are seeing the remnants of a deep ocean brine that reached the surface of this frozen world.”

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Juno mission has made a significant observation of mineral salts and organic compounds on the surface of Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon. This data was gathered by the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) spectrometer during a close flyby of Ganymede.

NASA's Juno mission has made a significant observation of mineral salts and organic compounds on the surface of Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon. This data was gathered by the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) spectrometer during a close flyby of Ganymede. The findings are crucial as these observations will now be able to throw light on Ganymede's origin and its deep-ocean composition. The results of the observation were published in the journal Nature Astronomy on October 30. Ganymede is even larger than the planet Mercury. This moon, one among more than 80 moons of the planet Jupiter, has attracted scientific interest due to its vast internal ocean hidden beneath an icy crust. The observation is a breakthrough for scientists as previous observations from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope had only hinted at the presence of salts and organic compounds. At the time, the spatial resolution of those observations was insufficient to draw definitive conclusions. Also Read | FDA weighs risks and benefits of CRISPR therapy for sickle cell disease Juno flies over Jupiter's moon, Ganymede On June 7, 2021, the Juno spacecraft flew over Ganymede at an altitude of 650 miles. The JIRAM instrument captured infrared images and spectra of the moon's surface. JIRAM, built by the Italian Space Agency, was originally designed to study Jupiter's atmosphere but has also been used to explore the surfaces of Jupiter's Galilean moons - Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. The JIRAM data collected during the flyby achieved a remarkable spatial resolution for infrared spectroscopy which exceeded 0.62 miles per pixel. Using this data, Juno scientists identified and analysed unique spectral features of non-water-ice materials, including hydrated sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and possibly aliphatic aldehydes. Federico Tosi, a Juno co-investigator from Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics in Rome and lead author of the paper in a statement said, “The presence of ammoniated salts suggests that Ganymede may have accumulated materials cold enough to condense ammonia during its formation." “The carbonate salts could be remnants of carbon dioxide-rich ices," Tosi added. Also Read | Anger is not your enemy all the time, may help you solve problems faster Abundance of salts and organics During the June 2021 flyby, JIRAM identified the greatest abundance of salts and organics in the dark and bright terrains at latitudes protected by Ganymede's magnetic field. Watch | Israel-Palestine war: Hamas plans to release non-Israeli hostages × Scott Bolton, Juno’s principal investigator from the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio said, “This suggests we are seeing the remnants of a deep ocean brine that reached the surface of this frozen world.” (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Juno observes mineral salts, organic treasures on Jupiter’s moon Ganymede

NASA's Lucy spacecraft is about to visit its first asteroid, Dinkinesh on November 1. The asteroid is located in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.&nbsp;

Lucy will pass within 430 kilometres of the small asteroid, Dinkinesh. The asteroid is less than 1 kilometre wide, small enough that it is barely visible from Earth, and will be seen for the first time, thanks to this flyby.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/air-pollution-ups-risk-of-parkinsons-disease-by-56-study-653648">Air pollution ups risk of Parkinson's disease by 56%: Study</a>

The tracking system that keeps the asteroid in the cameras' field of view will be tested during the journey. This system is crucial because of the small size of the asteroids&nbsp;and the spacecraft's rapid speed as it passes by.

<h2>Why asteroid Dinkinesh?</h2>

Dinkinesh is located in the main asteroid belt, halfway between Mars and Jupiter's orbits and&nbsp;it is the ideal rock for Lucy to visit while travelling to the Trojans&nbsp;in order to ensure that all of her scientific equipment will be operational for the nine other asteroids it will observe during the primary portion of its mission.

Trojans are asteroids&nbsp;which follow&nbsp;Jupiter’s orbit around the sun and are believed to be the remnants of our solar system's formation.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/milky-ways-black-hole-is-spinning-incredibly-fast-say-scientists-653536">Milky Way's black hole is spinning incredibly fast, say scientists</a>

<h2>Lucy&nbsp;mission</h2>

The Luci mission was selected by NASA in 2017 from 28 proposals that had to be ready for a 2021 launch. Following her October 2021 launch, Lucy has been travelling into the outer solar system at a speed of roughly 19.4 kilometres per second. The Trojan asteroids, which orbit the sun alongside Jupiter, are its primary research priorities, which helps us to better understand their composition, origins, and the history of our solar system.

<h2>Lucy's Dinkinesh mission</h2>

Lucy's terminal-tracking system will start tracking the target an hour before it gets close to Dinkinesh. The spacecraft will next start gathering information about Dinkinesh using its colour imager and infrared spectrometer, around eight minutes before close approach.&nbsp;

Lucy will start gathering data with its thermal-infrared camera (L'TES) and high-resolution camera (L'LORRI) as soon as it gets near enough to the asteroid. Dinkinesh will be continuously imaged and tracked for about an hour more.&nbsp;

NASA's Lucy spacecraft is about to visit its first asteroid, Dinkinesh on November 1. The asteroid is located in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

NASA's Lucy spacecraft is about to visit its first asteroid, Dinkinesh on November 1. The asteroid is located in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Lucy will pass within 430 kilometres of the small asteroid, Dinkinesh. The asteroid is less than 1 kilometre wide, small enough that it is barely visible from Earth, and will be seen for the first time, thanks to this flyby. Also read: Air pollution ups risk of Parkinson's disease by 56%: Study The tracking system that keeps the asteroid in the cameras' field of view will be tested during the journey. This system is crucial because of the small size of the asteroids and the spacecraft's rapid speed as it passes by. Why asteroid Dinkinesh? Dinkinesh is located in the main asteroid belt, halfway between Mars and Jupiter's orbits and it is the ideal rock for Lucy to visit while travelling to the Trojans in order to ensure that all of her scientific equipment will be operational for the nine other asteroids it will observe during the primary portion of its mission. Trojans are asteroids which follow Jupiter’s orbit around the sun and are believed to be the remnants of our solar system's formation. Also read: Milky Way's black hole is spinning incredibly fast, say scientists Lucy mission The Luci mission was selected by NASA in 2017 from 28 proposals that had to be ready for a 2021 launch. Following her October 2021 launch, Lucy has been travelling into the outer solar system at a speed of roughly 19.4 kilometres per second. The Trojan asteroids, which orbit the sun alongside Jupiter, are its primary research priorities, which helps us to better understand their composition, origins, and the history of our solar system. Lucy's Dinkinesh mission Lucy's terminal-tracking system will start tracking the target an hour before it gets close to Dinkinesh. The spacecraft will next start gathering information about Dinkinesh using its colour imager and infrared spectrometer, around eight minutes before close approach. Lucy will start gathering data with its thermal-infrared camera (L'TES) and high-resolution camera (L'LORRI) as soon as it gets near enough to the asteroid. Dinkinesh will be continuously imaged and tracked for about an hour more.

NASA’s Lucy spacecraft, on a 12-year journey, to encounter its first asteroid on Nov 1

James Webb Space Telescope, an extraordinary space telescope&nbsp;by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) gazed at Crab Nebula, revealing stunning details. The Crab Nebula is a supernova remnant, which is located 6,500 light-years away in the constellation Taurus.&nbsp;

It is reported to be an expanding remnant of a star's supernova explosion. The Japanese and Chinese astronomers recorded this violent event nearly 1,000 years ago in 1054 AD. The Crab Nebula has intrigued scientists for years and still draws attention as scientists aim at understanding the conditions, behaviour, and after-effects of supernovae.&nbsp;

On its website, NASA noted that a team led by Tea Temim at Princeton University is searching for answers about the Crab Nebula's origins using James Webb'ss NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument).&nbsp;

As quoted by NASA, Temim explained: "Webb's sensitivity and spatial resolution allow us to accurately determine the composition of the ejected material, particularly the content of iron and nickel, which may reveal what type of explosion produced the Crab Nebula."&nbsp;

NASA also released a side-by-side image of the Crab Nebula as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb to compare the different details.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-launched-mission-to-20000-years-old-supernova-remnant-to-understand-life-cycles-of-stars-652966">NASA launches mission to 20,000-year-old supernova remnant to understand life cycle of stars</a>&nbsp;

<img alt="Crab Nebula" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="09698cb1-1b40-44b2-9da9-a2e60bd58108" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/Crab%20Nebula%20%282%29.png" />

Image: Image of Crab Nebula as seen by the Hubble in optical light (left) and James Webb in infrared light (right). Credit: NASA.&nbsp;

The astronomers at the American space agency can now build a more comprehensive understanding of this mysterious supernova remnant by studying the recently collected Webb data. They also consulted the previous observations of the Crab.&nbsp;

In the latest image, the central regions, emission from dust grains (yellow-white and green), have been&nbsp;mapped out by Webb for the first time. The general shape of the Crab Nebula is similar to what Hubble had observed.&nbsp;

"Webb highlights what is known as synchrotron radiation: emission produced from charged particles, like electrons, moving around magnetic field lines at relativistic speeds," NASA said.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/where-exactly-on-mars-should-humans-go-nasa-scientists-release-a-map-653058">Where exactly on Mars should humans go? NASA scientists release a map</a>

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It’s Monday. Feeling crabby? 🦀 
 
6,500 light-years away lies the Crab Nebula, the remains of an exploded star. While it is a well-studied target, Webb’s infrared sensitivity and resolution offer new clues into the makeup and origins of this nebula: <a href="https://t.co/FAu0qUTM86">https://t.co/FAu0qUTM86</a> <a href="https://t.co/deG8wKGTQR">pic.twitter.com/deG8wKGTQR</a>
— NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAWebb/status/1718993338362401229?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 30, 2023</a></blockquote>
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The pulsar heart of the Crab Nebula can be found by following the wisps that form a bright white dot in the centre and tracing them in a circular pattern resembling ripples.&nbsp;

After that, track the radiation's tiny white ribbons as they extend farther from the core. The nebula is shaped and sculpted by the pulsar's magnetic field, which is indicated by the closely spaced, curved wisps.&nbsp;

The NASA report mentioned that the white material appears to be pinching the nebula's waist as it curves abruptly inward from the filamentary dust cage's edges towards the neutron star's location at the centre, left and right.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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James Webb Space Telescope, an extraordinary space telescope by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) gazed at Crab Nebula, revealing stunning details.

James Webb Space Telescope, an extraordinary space telescope by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) gazed at Crab Nebula, revealing stunning details. The Crab Nebula is a supernova remnant, which is located 6,500 light-years away in the constellation Taurus. It is reported to be an expanding remnant of a star's supernova explosion. The Japanese and Chinese astronomers recorded this violent event nearly 1,000 years ago in 1054 AD. The Crab Nebula has intrigued scientists for years and still draws attention as scientists aim at understanding the conditions, behaviour, and after-effects of supernovae. On its website, NASA noted that a team led by Tea Temim at Princeton University is searching for answers about the Crab Nebula's origins using James Webb'ss NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument). As quoted by NASA, Temim explained: "Webb's sensitivity and spatial resolution allow us to accurately determine the composition of the ejected material, particularly the content of iron and nickel, which may reveal what type of explosion produced the Crab Nebula." NASA also released a side-by-side image of the Crab Nebula as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb to compare the different details. Also read: NASA launches mission to 20,000-year-old supernova remnant to understand life cycle of stars Image: Image of Crab Nebula as seen by the Hubble in optical light (left) and James Webb in infrared light (right). Credit: NASA. The astronomers at the American space agency can now build a more comprehensive understanding of this mysterious supernova remnant by studying the recently collected Webb data. They also consulted the previous observations of the Crab. In the latest image, the central regions, emission from dust grains (yellow-white and green), have been mapped out by Webb for the first time. The general shape of the Crab Nebula is similar to what Hubble had observed. "Webb highlights what is known as synchrotron radiation: emission produced from charged particles, like electrons, moving around magnetic field lines at relativistic speeds," NASA said. Also read: Where exactly on Mars should humans go? NASA scientists release a map It’s Monday. Feeling crabby? 🦀 6,500 light-years away lies the Crab Nebula, the remains of an exploded star. While it is a well-studied target, Webb’s infrared sensitivity and resolution offer new clues into the makeup and origins of this nebula: https://t.co/FAu0qUTM86 pic.twitter.com/deG8wKGTQR — NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb) October 30, 2023 × The pulsar heart of the Crab Nebula can be found by following the wisps that form a bright white dot in the centre and tracing them in a circular pattern resembling ripples. After that, track the radiation's tiny white ribbons as they extend farther from the core. The nebula is shaped and sculpted by the pulsar's magnetic field, which is indicated by the closely spaced, curved wisps. The NASA report mentioned that the white material appears to be pinching the nebula's waist as it curves abruptly inward from the filamentary dust cage's edges towards the neutron star's location at the centre, left and right. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Oh, Crab! James Webb reveals never-before-seen details of Crab Nebula

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) once shared a stunning image of a nebula of energy and particles blown by a pulsar left behind after a star exploded. The image blew people away as it looked like a human hand.&nbsp;

Shared by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the caption of the post on Instagram read: "This famous hand-shaped structure is a nebula of energy &amp; particles blown by a pulsar left behind after a star exploded."&nbsp;

"Watch as the blast wave from the explosion moves at nearly 9 million miles (14 million kilometres) per hour in NASA Chandra observations spanning 14 years," it had added.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/oh-crab-james-webb-reveals-never-before-seen-details-of-the-crab-nebula-653251">Oh, Crab! James Webb reveals never-before-seen details of the Crab Nebula</a>&nbsp;

Now, astronomers have used two of NASA's X-ray space telescopes, combining their imaging powers, to unveil the magnetic field "bones" of the hand-shaped structure.&nbsp;

NASA said in its report that the newest X-ray telescope, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), has observed MSH 15-52 for about 17 days.&nbsp;

As quoted by NASA, Roger Romani of Stanford University in California, who led the study, said: "The IXPE data gives us the first map of the magnetic field in the 'hand'. The charged particles producing the X-rays travel along the magnetic field, determining the basic shape of the nebula, like the bones do in a person's hand."&nbsp;

NASA said that according to IXPE, the magnetic field of the X-ray source determines the electric field direction of X-rays, which is called X-ray polarisation.&nbsp;

The degree of polarisation is exceptionally high in many sections of MSH 15-52, surpassing the maximum level predicted by the theoretical study.&nbsp;

That intensity requires a highly consistent and straight magnetic field, which implies that there is little turbulence in those areas of the pulsar wind nebula.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-launched-mission-to-20000-years-old-supernova-remnant-to-understand-life-cycles-of-stars-652966">NASA launches mission to 20,000-year-old supernova remnant to understand life cycle of stars</a>&nbsp;

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If you got it, haunt it. 
 
The "bones" of a ghostly cosmic hand from a pulsar wind nebula have been revealed by our <a href="https://twitter.com/chandraxray?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ChandraXRay</a> and IXPE space telescopes: <a href="https://t.co/umjVBb9Cdd">https://t.co/umjVBb9Cdd</a> <a href="https://t.co/0H4xGbJT4D">pic.twitter.com/0H4xGbJT4D</a>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1719094900312932694?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 30, 2023</a></blockquote>
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"We're all familiar with X-rays as a diagnostic medical tool for humans. Here we're using X-rays in a different way, but they are again revealing information that is otherwise hidden from us," said co-author Josephine Wong, also of Stanford.&nbsp;

As per NASA's report, one interesting feature of MSH 15-52 is a bright X-ray jet directed from the pulsar to the "wrist" at the bottom of the image.&nbsp;

NASA said in its report: "The new IXPE data reveal that the polarization at the start of the jet is low, likely because this is a turbulent region with complex, tangled magnetic fields associated with the generation of high-energy particles."&nbsp;

It added, "By the end of the jet the magnetic field lines appear to straighten and become much more uniform, causing the polarization to become much larger."&nbsp;

As per NASA, these findings suggest that particles move to regions where the magnetic field is uniform along the wrist, fingers, and thumb after receiving an energy boost in complicated turbulence regions close to the pulsar at the base of the palm.&nbsp;

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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) once shared a stunning image of a nebula of energy and particles blown by a pulsar left behind after a star exploded.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) once shared a stunning image of a nebula of energy and particles blown by a pulsar left behind after a star exploded. The image blew people away as it looked like a human hand. Shared by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the caption of the post on Instagram read: "This famous hand-shaped structure is a nebula of energy & particles blown by a pulsar left behind after a star exploded." "Watch as the blast wave from the explosion moves at nearly 9 million miles (14 million kilometres) per hour in NASA Chandra observations spanning 14 years," it had added. Also read: Oh, Crab! James Webb reveals never-before-seen details of the Crab Nebula Now, astronomers have used two of NASA's X-ray space telescopes, combining their imaging powers, to unveil the magnetic field "bones" of the hand-shaped structure. NASA said in its report that the newest X-ray telescope, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), has observed MSH 15-52 for about 17 days. As quoted by NASA, Roger Romani of Stanford University in California, who led the study, said: "The IXPE data gives us the first map of the magnetic field in the 'hand'. The charged particles producing the X-rays travel along the magnetic field, determining the basic shape of the nebula, like the bones do in a person's hand." NASA said that according to IXPE, the magnetic field of the X-ray source determines the electric field direction of X-rays, which is called X-ray polarisation. The degree of polarisation is exceptionally high in many sections of MSH 15-52, surpassing the maximum level predicted by the theoretical study. That intensity requires a highly consistent and straight magnetic field, which implies that there is little turbulence in those areas of the pulsar wind nebula. Also read: NASA launches mission to 20,000-year-old supernova remnant to understand life cycle of stars If you got it, haunt it. The "bones" of a ghostly cosmic hand from a pulsar wind nebula have been revealed by our @ChandraXRay and IXPE space telescopes: https://t.co/umjVBb9Cdd pic.twitter.com/0H4xGbJT4D — NASA (@NASA) October 30, 2023 × "We're all familiar with X-rays as a diagnostic medical tool for humans. Here we're using X-rays in a different way, but they are again revealing information that is otherwise hidden from us," said co-author Josephine Wong, also of Stanford. As per NASA's report, one interesting feature of MSH 15-52 is a bright X-ray jet directed from the pulsar to the "wrist" at the bottom of the image. NASA said in its report: "The new IXPE data reveal that the polarization at the start of the jet is low, likely because this is a turbulent region with complex, tangled magnetic fields associated with the generation of high-energy particles." It added, "By the end of the jet the magnetic field lines appear to straighten and become much more uniform, causing the polarization to become much larger." As per NASA, these findings suggest that particles move to regions where the magnetic field is uniform along the wrist, fingers, and thumb after receiving an energy boost in complicated turbulence regions close to the pulsar at the base of the palm. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

X-ray of hand-shaped structure in space reveals 'bones of a ghostly cosmic hand'

The American space agency NASA is brainstorming ways to safely retrieve the International Space Station (ISS), a mission that looks trickier than it seems. NASA is taking this matter extremely seriously, because if gone wrong it can be a catastrophe on Earth.&nbsp;

At a briefing on Thursday, the space agency’s Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP) called plans to deorbit the station in such a way that it does not cause any human casualties on the ground.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/something-strange-is-suppressing-growth-of-the-universe-says-study-652675">Something strange is suppressing growth of the universe, says study</a>

One such harmless and accurate method that the space agency comes up with is using a “space tug”. Space tug is a spacecraft that is used to transfer spaceborne cargo from one orbit to another. But this method is not at all cost effective and will require Joe Biden’s government to boost up its space budget.&nbsp;

<h2>Retirement plans for ISS</h2>

The International Space Station was constructed in the late 1980s with an intended lifespan of 15 years. But the ISS has already exceeded its time in space and has been in the orbit for the last 24 years.&nbsp;

"The day will inevitably come when the Station is at the end of its life and we may not be able to dictate that day, it is inconceivable to allow the Station to deorbit in an uncontrolled manner," said ASAP Chair Patricia Sanders at the briefing, as quoted by Space Policy Online.

Watch |&nbsp;NASA reveals long-awaited findings of UFO report&nbsp;

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NASA has said that it wants to retire ISS by 2030, but to ensure a safe retirement, precise manoeuvres and calculations will be required to guide the ISS during its descent.&nbsp;

Why is it tricky to deorbit ISS?

The simple answer is ISS’ massive size. Because of its humongous size, it can pose an extreme hazard to populations over a broad area of Earth, if not taken down cautiously.&nbsp;

Deorbiting spacecraft is nothing new for NASA, but it is the hefty size of the ISS that poses a bigger risk and demands greater precision.&nbsp;

NASA plans to use a space tug to deorbit ISS. The space tug will nudge the station into the atmosphere, where it will begin to burn up during re-entry and fall over a remote part of the ocean called Point Nemo.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-launched-mission-to-20000-years-old-supernova-remnant-to-understand-life-cycles-of-stars-652966">NASA launched mission to 20,000 years old supernova remnant to understand life cycles of stars</a>

Challenges

The main challenges in this plan remain precision and budget. To "initiate developing" the tug, NASA said it's allocated around $180 million. But in its actual construction, the cost could shoot up to $1 billion.&nbsp;

To account for those costs, NASA has asked for a budget boost to $27.2 billion for next year, but the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 signed by President Joe Biden in June means that the space agency will likely suffer budget cuts.

Sanders said if those cuts come through, NASA will have to make "difficult choices," but stressed that the space tug is one of the "few areas that are not discretionary," as per Space Policy Online.

(With inputs from agencies) 
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&nbsp;

The American space agency NASA is brainstorming ways to safely retrieve the International Space Station (ISS), a mission that looks trickier than it seems. NASA is taking this matter extremely seriously, because if gone wrong it can be a catastrophe on Earth.

The American space agency NASA is brainstorming ways to safely retrieve the International Space Station (ISS), a mission that looks trickier than it seems. NASA is taking this matter extremely seriously, because if gone wrong it can be a catastrophe on Earth. At a briefing on Thursday, the space agency’s Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP) called plans to deorbit the station in such a way that it does not cause any human casualties on the ground. Also Read | Something strange is suppressing growth of the universe, says study One such harmless and accurate method that the space agency comes up with is using a “space tug”. Space tug is a spacecraft that is used to transfer spaceborne cargo from one orbit to another. But this method is not at all cost effective and will require Joe Biden’s government to boost up its space budget. Retirement plans for ISS The International Space Station was constructed in the late 1980s with an intended lifespan of 15 years. But the ISS has already exceeded its time in space and has been in the orbit for the last 24 years. "The day will inevitably come when the Station is at the end of its life and we may not be able to dictate that day, it is inconceivable to allow the Station to deorbit in an uncontrolled manner," said ASAP Chair Patricia Sanders at the briefing, as quoted by Space Policy Online. Watch | NASA reveals long-awaited findings of UFO report × NASA has said that it wants to retire ISS by 2030, but to ensure a safe retirement, precise manoeuvres and calculations will be required to guide the ISS during its descent. Why is it tricky to deorbit ISS? The simple answer is ISS’ massive size. Because of its humongous size, it can pose an extreme hazard to populations over a broad area of Earth, if not taken down cautiously. Deorbiting spacecraft is nothing new for NASA, but it is the hefty size of the ISS that poses a bigger risk and demands greater precision. NASA plans to use a space tug to deorbit ISS. The space tug will nudge the station into the atmosphere, where it will begin to burn up during re-entry and fall over a remote part of the ocean called Point Nemo. Also Read | NASA launched mission to 20,000 years old supernova remnant to understand life cycles of stars Challenges The main challenges in this plan remain precision and budget. To "initiate developing" the tug, NASA said it's allocated around $180 million. But in its actual construction, the cost could shoot up to $1 billion. To account for those costs, NASA has asked for a budget boost to $27.2 billion for next year, but the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 signed by President Joe Biden in June means that the space agency will likely suffer budget cuts. Sanders said if those cuts come through, NASA will have to make "difficult choices," but stressed that the space tug is one of the "few areas that are not discretionary," as per Space Policy Online. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

International Space Station at risk of falling on Earth, NASA warns

Mars is a fascinating, exotic territory yet to be properly explored by humanity. While we have sent rovers to the red planet, humans are yet to set foot on the alien land.&nbsp;

Planned future missions to find water ice on the planet aim to rectify that. However, a question that remains to be answered is where exactly on the red planet should they land to do this? A recent map might help mission planners answer this question.

<h2>A treasure map to Mars' water ice</h2>

The Subsurface Water Ice Mapping (SWIM), a NASA-funded project, has released its fourth and the more recent map of the prospective locations of subsurface water ice on Mars. This, as per NASA officials, will help mission planners decide where exactly to send the first humans to Mars.

<img alt="NASA mars ice map" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="57296e9a-4e8a-4f80-8969-fde1b2cd3d8d" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/New%20wion%20%2834%29.jpg" />

<h5>The blue areas on this map of Mars are regions where NASA missions have detected subsurface water ice (from the equator to 60 degrees north latitude). Scientists can use the map-part of the Subsurface Water Ice Mapping project to decide where the first astronauts to set foot on the Red Planet should land. (Image source:&nbsp;NASA/JPL-Caltech/Planetary Science&nbsp;Institute)</h5>

For this map, scientists used data from instruments abroad in the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. These instruments — Context Camera (CTX) and High Resolution Imaging Experiment (HIRISE) — provided high resolution imagery of the Martian terrain, reports Science Alert.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-curiosity-rover-finds-evidence-mars-was-once-a-planet-of-rivers-651444">Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers'</a>

<h2>Why is this important?</h2>

To put it simply, "The map could help the agency decide where the first astronauts to the Red Planet should land. The more available water, the less missions will need to bring."

As per a statement on the NASA website, ice buried on Mars will be a vital source for humans on Mars, serving both as drinking water and a key ingredient for rocket fuel.

Furthermore, these prospective locations of buried ice could one day help us know more about the red planet. Astronauts or robots could drill ice cores, that could help uncover "the climate history of Mars and exploring potential habitats (past or present) for microbial life."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-perseverance-rover-captures-footage-of-martian-dust-devil-642359">A two-kilometre-tall 'dust devil' has been caught on camera, but not on Earth</a>

While locations with buried ice may be the best locations for landing humans on Mars, scientists don't want astronauts to go to locations that are too chilly. This is because cold will lead to the crew using up "precious energy" to stay warm.

"If you send humans to Mars, you want to get them as close to the equator as you can," said Sydney Do, SWIM's project manager, said in a statement. Hence, as per Sydney, an ideal spot would be a patch that has accessible ice but with as low a latitude as possible. Martian ice maps will help navigate this dilemma and decide on the apt location for human landing.

(With inputs from agencies) 
 
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Mars is a fascinating, exotic territory yet to be properly explored by humanity. While we have sent rovers to the red planet, humans are yet to set foot on the alien land.

Mars is a fascinating, exotic territory yet to be properly explored by humanity. While we have sent rovers to the red planet, humans are yet to set foot on the alien land. Planned future missions to find water ice on the planet aim to rectify that. However, a question that remains to be answered is where exactly on the red planet should they land to do this? A recent map might help mission planners answer this question. A treasure map to Mars' water ice The Subsurface Water Ice Mapping (SWIM), a NASA-funded project, has released its fourth and the more recent map of the prospective locations of subsurface water ice on Mars. This, as per NASA officials, will help mission planners decide where exactly to send the first humans to Mars. The blue areas on this map of Mars are regions where NASA missions have detected subsurface water ice (from the equator to 60 degrees north latitude). Scientists can use the map-part of the Subsurface Water Ice Mapping project to decide where the first astronauts to set foot on the Red Planet should land. (Image source: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Planetary Science Institute) For this map, scientists used data from instruments abroad in the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. These instruments — Context Camera (CTX) and High Resolution Imaging Experiment (HIRISE) — provided high resolution imagery of the Martian terrain, reports Science Alert. Also read | Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers' Why is this important? To put it simply, "The map could help the agency decide where the first astronauts to the Red Planet should land. The more available water, the less missions will need to bring." As per a statement on the NASA website, ice buried on Mars will be a vital source for humans on Mars, serving both as drinking water and a key ingredient for rocket fuel. Furthermore, these prospective locations of buried ice could one day help us know more about the red planet. Astronauts or robots could drill ice cores, that could help uncover "the climate history of Mars and exploring potential habitats (past or present) for microbial life." Also read | A two-kilometre-tall 'dust devil' has been caught on camera, but not on Earth While locations with buried ice may be the best locations for landing humans on Mars, scientists don't want astronauts to go to locations that are too chilly. This is because cold will lead to the crew using up "precious energy" to stay warm. "If you send humans to Mars, you want to get them as close to the equator as you can," said Sydney Do, SWIM's project manager, said in a statement. Hence, as per Sydney, an ideal spot would be a patch that has accessible ice but with as low a latitude as possible. Martian ice maps will help navigate this dilemma and decide on the apt location for human landing. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Where exactly on Mars should humans go? NASA scientists release a map

NASA launched a new sounding rocket on Sunday to study a stellar event in the Cygnus Loop, which is a supernova remnant that took place 20,000 years ago. Cygnus is about 2,600 light years away from the Earth. The sounding rocket mission, named the Integral Field Ultraviolet Spectroscope Experiment (INFUSE) was launched from the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico on Oct 29.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-grow-mouse-embryos-in-space-paving-way-for-human-reproduction-research-652656">Scientists grow mouse embryos in space, pave way for human reproduction research</a>

As per astronomers, a massive star, which was perhaps 20 times the size of the sun exploded in a supernova so bright that it was possibly seen from Earth. After this supernova, some matters of the explosion remain suspended in the universe, which is known to astronomers as the Cygnus Loop. The INFUSE mission will study the Cygnus Loop and try to understand the life cycle of stars.&nbsp;

"Supernovae like the one that created the Cygnus Loop have a huge impact on how galaxies form," Brian Fleming of the University of Colorado Boulder, who is the principal investigator for the mission, said in a statement.

<h2>Cygnus Loop: Favourite spot of backyard astronomers and scientists</h2>

The constellation Cygnus (Latin for “swan”) used to appear every few months each year in the northern hemisphere’s night sky. Just above this constellation exists the favourite spot of professional scientists and backyard astronomers alike- the Cygnus Loop or the Veil Nebula.

The Cygnus Loop is the remnant of a star that was once 20 times the size of our Sun. Some 20,000 years ago, that star collapsed under its own gravity and erupted into a supernova. Even from 2,600 light-years away, astronomers estimate the flash of light would have been bright enough to see from Earth during the day.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/people-are-more-likely-to-take-care-of-dogs-than-cats-study-652591">People are more likely to take care of dogs than cats: Study</a>

As per astronomers and scientists, supernovae are part of a great life cycle. They spray heavy metals forged in a star’s core into the clouds of surrounding dust and gas. They are the source of all chemical elements in our universe heavier than iron, including those that make up our own bodies.&nbsp;

<h2>What will INFUSE mission do?</h2>

The INFUSE mission is expected to collect information about the remnant for a few minutes from a height of 150 miles (240 km).

Specifically, the instrument will gather light streaming from the Cygnus Loop in far-ultraviolet wavelengths.&nbsp;

"INFUSE will observe how the supernova dumps energy into the Milky Way by catching light given off just as the blast wave crashes into pockets of cold gas floating around the galaxy," Fleming said in the same statement.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA launched a new sounding rocket on Sunday to study a stellar event in the Cygnus Loop, which is a supernova remnant that took place 20,000 years ago. Cygnus is about 2,600 light years away from the Earth.

NASA launched a new sounding rocket on Sunday to study a stellar event in the Cygnus Loop, which is a supernova remnant that took place 20,000 years ago. Cygnus is about 2,600 light years away from the Earth. The sounding rocket mission, named the Integral Field Ultraviolet Spectroscope Experiment (INFUSE) was launched from the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico on Oct 29. Also Read | Scientists grow mouse embryos in space, pave way for human reproduction research As per astronomers, a massive star, which was perhaps 20 times the size of the sun exploded in a supernova so bright that it was possibly seen from Earth. After this supernova, some matters of the explosion remain suspended in the universe, which is known to astronomers as the Cygnus Loop. The INFUSE mission will study the Cygnus Loop and try to understand the life cycle of stars. "Supernovae like the one that created the Cygnus Loop have a huge impact on how galaxies form," Brian Fleming of the University of Colorado Boulder, who is the principal investigator for the mission, said in a statement. Cygnus Loop: Favourite spot of backyard astronomers and scientists The constellation Cygnus (Latin for “swan”) used to appear every few months each year in the northern hemisphere’s night sky. Just above this constellation exists the favourite spot of professional scientists and backyard astronomers alike- the Cygnus Loop or the Veil Nebula. The Cygnus Loop is the remnant of a star that was once 20 times the size of our Sun. Some 20,000 years ago, that star collapsed under its own gravity and erupted into a supernova. Even from 2,600 light-years away, astronomers estimate the flash of light would have been bright enough to see from Earth during the day. Also Read | People are more likely to take care of dogs than cats: Study As per astronomers and scientists, supernovae are part of a great life cycle. They spray heavy metals forged in a star’s core into the clouds of surrounding dust and gas. They are the source of all chemical elements in our universe heavier than iron, including those that make up our own bodies. What will INFUSE mission do? The INFUSE mission is expected to collect information about the remnant for a few minutes from a height of 150 miles (240 km). Specifically, the instrument will gather light streaming from the Cygnus Loop in far-ultraviolet wavelengths. "INFUSE will observe how the supernova dumps energy into the Milky Way by catching light given off just as the blast wave crashes into pockets of cold gas floating around the galaxy," Fleming said in the same statement. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

NASA launches mission to 20,000-year-old supernova remnant to understand life cycle of stars

Astronomers recently came across tellurium, an element&nbsp;rarer than platinum on Earth, about 1 billion light years away. The observation was done using NASA's powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).&nbsp;

It is believed that the element was created after the violent collision of two neutron stars that were booted out of their galaxy.&nbsp;

The explosion unleashed a burst of gamma rays more than one million times brighter than the Milky Way. Gamma-ray bursts are short emissions of the most energetic form of light. This explosion blasted material into space that formed the rare element tellurium and others known as actinides and lanthanides.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-390-million-year-old-murder-mystery-finally-solved-and-the-culprit-still-exists-651774">A 390-million-year-old murder mystery has finally been solved, and the culprit still exists</a>

The findings may contribute to a better understanding of the conditions in which precious chemical elements are created in the universe.

"Just over 150 years since Dmitri Mendeleev wrote down the periodic table of elements, we are now finally in the position to start filling in those last blanks of understanding where everything was made, thanks to Webb," study lead author Andrew Levan of Radboud University in the Netherlands and lead author of the study said in a statement.

Scientists suspect the merging neutron stars may have formerly been big, garden-variety stars that were gravitationally imprisoned in their native galaxy. It seems that one of the stars shot out of its galaxy and landed 120,000 light-years away when it neared the end of its existence and burst into a supernova. The second star followed suit.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/venus-in-its-youth-may-have-earth-like-features-study-651806">Venus in its youth may have had Earth-like features: Study</a>

Scientists suggest that despite being violently expelled from their galaxy, the neutron-star pair remained gravitationally bonded. Many hundred million years later, on March 7 of this year, to be accurate, we witnessed their merging into one body.

"Webb provides a phenomenal boost and may find even heavier elements," said study co-author Ben Gompertz, a professor at the University of Birmingham in the UK. The observatory "has certainly opened the door to do a lot more, and its abilities will be completely transformative for our understanding of the universe."

The violent cosmic merger, known to astronomers as a kilonova, sparked a gamma-ray burst (GRB) witnessed by scientists on March 7 — the second brightest GRB since the search for these phenomena began 50 years ago. NASA's Fermi satellite observatory was the first to see the glow, which lasted a record 200 seconds. In barely two seconds, similar lights from earlier star mergers dispersed

Kilonovae are extremely rare; scientists have witnessed only one other such event in sufficient detail to deduce elements potentially made in the explosion. While supernovae, or exploding stars, produce elements like iron and nickel, heavier elements seem to be best formed by more severe neutron-star collisions.

They are also difficult to observe, but astronomers look for short gamma-ray bursts, which only last about two seconds.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Astronomers recently came across tellurium, an element rarer than platinum on Earth, about 1 billion light years away. The observation was done using NASA's powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

Astronomers recently came across tellurium, an element rarer than platinum on Earth, about 1 billion light years away. The observation was done using NASA's powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). It is believed that the element was created after the violent collision of two neutron stars that were booted out of their galaxy. The explosion unleashed a burst of gamma rays more than one million times brighter than the Milky Way. Gamma-ray bursts are short emissions of the most energetic form of light. This explosion blasted material into space that formed the rare element tellurium and others known as actinides and lanthanides. Also read: A 390-million-year-old murder mystery has finally been solved, and the culprit still exists The findings may contribute to a better understanding of the conditions in which precious chemical elements are created in the universe. "Just over 150 years since Dmitri Mendeleev wrote down the periodic table of elements, we are now finally in the position to start filling in those last blanks of understanding where everything was made, thanks to Webb," study lead author Andrew Levan of Radboud University in the Netherlands and lead author of the study said in a statement. Scientists suspect the merging neutron stars may have formerly been big, garden-variety stars that were gravitationally imprisoned in their native galaxy. It seems that one of the stars shot out of its galaxy and landed 120,000 light-years away when it neared the end of its existence and burst into a supernova. The second star followed suit. Also read: Venus in its youth may have had Earth-like features: Study Scientists suggest that despite being violently expelled from their galaxy, the neutron-star pair remained gravitationally bonded. Many hundred million years later, on March 7 of this year, to be accurate, we witnessed their merging into one body. "Webb provides a phenomenal boost and may find even heavier elements," said study co-author Ben Gompertz, a professor at the University of Birmingham in the UK. The observatory "has certainly opened the door to do a lot more, and its abilities will be completely transformative for our understanding of the universe." The violent cosmic merger, known to astronomers as a kilonova, sparked a gamma-ray burst (GRB) witnessed by scientists on March 7 — the second brightest GRB since the search for these phenomena began 50 years ago. NASA's Fermi satellite observatory was the first to see the glow, which lasted a record 200 seconds. In barely two seconds, similar lights from earlier star mergers dispersed Kilonovae are extremely rare; scientists have witnessed only one other such event in sufficient detail to deduce elements potentially made in the explosion. While supernovae, or exploding stars, produce elements like iron and nickel, heavier elements seem to be best formed by more severe neutron-star collisions. They are also difficult to observe, but astronomers look for short gamma-ray bursts, which only last about two seconds. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Two neutron stars collided about 1 billion light years away, releasing a rare element

NASA’s Juno mission has captured an image of planet Jupiter that has intrigued everyone. The image was captured on September 7 when NASA’s Juno spacecraft made its 54th close flyby of the planet. The spacecraft took a chilling image of Jupiter’s northern regions called Jet N7.&nbsp;

The eerie image featured huge turbulent clouds and storms resembling a ghost face along the planet’s terminator, which is the line that separates day from night on Jupiter.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/venus-in-its-youth-may-have-earth-like-features-study-651806">Venus in its youth may have had Earth-like features: Study</a>

<h2>Spooky face-like clouds on Jupiter&nbsp;</h2>

The pattern of these clouds as captured by the Juno spacecraft resembles a ghost. People are especially intrigued since&nbsp;Halloween is quite near. Images show what appears to be a face with two eyes, a nose and a mouth. These images are also available to the public for further evaluation, said NASA.&nbsp;
<img alt="Clouds on Jupiter as captured by NASA's Juno " data-align="center" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="2deefbc7-153a-49e8-af2e-a74d0c6d2943" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/PIA25727_modest.jpg" />
The image of these spooky clouds was made by citizen scientist Vladimir Tarasov, as seen from the Juno instrument when it was about 2,400 miles above Jupiter, according to the NASA report.

Scientists said that these clouds on Jupiter led them to pareidolia, which is the effect “that causes observers to perceive faces or other patterns in largely random patterns.”

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-390-million-year-old-murder-mystery-finally-solved-and-the-culprit-still-exists-651774">A 390-million-year-old murder mystery has finally been solved, and the culprit still exists</a>

Although intriguing, this is not the first time NASA has captured an image of what appears to be a face on a planet. In 1976, NASA captured its well-known “Face on Mars” photo, which turned out to be just an ordinary mesa.&nbsp;

The photo was taken by NASA’s Viking 1 spacecraft. In the image, the carving of eyes, a nose and a mouth seem to appear on the planet.&nbsp;

<h2>NASA’s Juno mission</h2>

Juno is NASA’s space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. It was built by Lockheed Martin and is operated by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in August 2011.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/russia-to-put-first-segment-of-its-own-iss-in-orbit-by-2027-says-putin-651763">Russia to put first segment of its own International Space Station in orbit by 2027, says Putin</a>

Juno measures Jupiter’s composition, gravitational field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere. It also searches for clues about how the planet was formed, including whether it has a rocky core or not. The extensive mission also looks for the amount of water present within the deep atmosphere, mass distribution, and its deep winds, which can speed up to 620 km/h.&nbsp;

It is the second spacecraft to orbit Jupiter after the nuclear-powered Galileo orbiter, which orbited the planet from 1995 to 2003.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA’s Juno mission has captured an image of planet Jupiter that has intrigued everyone. The image was captured on September 7 when NASA’s Juno spacecraft made its 54th close flyby of the planet.

NASA’s Juno mission has captured an image of planet Jupiter that has intrigued everyone. The image was captured on September 7 when NASA’s Juno spacecraft made its 54th close flyby of the planet. The spacecraft took a chilling image of Jupiter’s northern regions called Jet N7. The eerie image featured huge turbulent clouds and storms resembling a ghost face along the planet’s terminator, which is the line that separates day from night on Jupiter. Also Read | Venus in its youth may have had Earth-like features: Study Spooky face-like clouds on Jupiter The pattern of these clouds as captured by the Juno spacecraft resembles a ghost. People are especially intrigued since Halloween is quite near. Images show what appears to be a face with two eyes, a nose and a mouth. These images are also available to the public for further evaluation, said NASA. The image of these spooky clouds was made by citizen scientist Vladimir Tarasov, as seen from the Juno instrument when it was about 2,400 miles above Jupiter, according to the NASA report. Scientists said that these clouds on Jupiter led them to pareidolia, which is the effect “that causes observers to perceive faces or other patterns in largely random patterns.” Also Read | A 390-million-year-old murder mystery has finally been solved, and the culprit still exists Although intriguing, this is not the first time NASA has captured an image of what appears to be a face on a planet. In 1976, NASA captured its well-known “Face on Mars” photo, which turned out to be just an ordinary mesa. The photo was taken by NASA’s Viking 1 spacecraft. In the image, the carving of eyes, a nose and a mouth seem to appear on the planet. NASA’s Juno mission Juno is NASA’s space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter. It was built by Lockheed Martin and is operated by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in August 2011. Also Read | Russia to put first segment of its own International Space Station in orbit by 2027, says Putin Juno measures Jupiter’s composition, gravitational field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere. It also searches for clues about how the planet was formed, including whether it has a rocky core or not. The extensive mission also looks for the amount of water present within the deep atmosphere, mass distribution, and its deep winds, which can speed up to 620 km/h. It is the second spacecraft to orbit Jupiter after the nuclear-powered Galileo orbiter, which orbited the planet from 1995 to 2003. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Spooky face with a frown captured on Jupiter by NASA's Juno spacecraft

NASA is gearing up to launch its most ambitious alien world exploration ever: another ocean world. The US space agency in 2027 will launch its only mission to explore such a world.&nbsp;

Using NASA's Dragonfly rotorcraft lander, the mission will explore Saturn's moon Titan "with its dense atmosphere and low gravity," which as per the space agency is "a great place to fly." Here's all you need to know about the upcoming NASA mission to Luna Saturni, or&nbsp;"moon of Saturn".

<h2>Dragonfly</h2>

NASA's Dragonfly is a nuclear-powered, car-sized drone that is "designed to investigate the complex chemistry that is the precursor to life."

The mission, which is expected to last for nearly three years, will study how organic compounds formed, and if Saturn's moon currently has or ever had life.

It will be equipped with cameras, sensors and samplers that will examine Titan's dense, nitrogen-rich atmosphere, which is known to contain organic material that scientists believe may have come in contact with liquid water beneath its organic-rich, icy surface.

Dragonfly is scheduled to launch around 2027, and it is expected to reach Titan by the mid-2030s.&nbsp;

<h2>Will it be able to bear Titan's unique atmosphere?</h2>

To test Dragonfly, mission engineers have already conducted two test campaigns in NASA Langley’s 14-by-22-foot Subsonic Tunnel, and two in the 16-foot Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT).&nbsp;

As per Ken Hibbard, Dragonfly mission systems engineer at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), "All of these tests feed into our Dragonfly Titan simulations and performance predictions".

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-curiosity-rover-finds-evidence-mars-was-once-a-planet-of-rivers-651444">Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers'</a>

"With Dragonfly, we're turning science fiction into exploration fact," said Hibbard, as per a statement on the NASA website.

He added that "the mission is coming together piece by piece, and we're excited for every next step toward sending this revolutionary rotorcraft across the skies and surface of Titan."

They've been conducting test campaigns at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. Researchers have made attempts to assess the vehicle's aerodynamic performance in harsh, unique conditions anticipating what Dragonfly will have to face during the various stages of the mission.

Recently, in one of its latest tests, the team behind Dragonfly set up a half-scale lander model of the spacecraft. This was used to test the space vehicle's descent once it arrives on Titan and its flight over the surface.

"We tested conditions across the expected flight envelope at a variety of wind speeds, rotor speeds and flight angles to assess the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle," test lead Bernadine Juliano of the APL said in a statement on NASA's website.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-develop-a-vaccine-for-cocaine-heres-how-it-works-651343">Scientists develop a vaccine for cocaine. Here's how it works</a>

"We completed more than 700 total runs, encompassing over 4,000 individual data points. All test objectives were successfully accomplished, and the data will help increase confidence in our simulation models on Earth before extrapolating to Titan conditions," Juliano said.

<h2>Why is NASA sending Dragonfly to Saturn's moon?</h2>

Titan is the only moon in our solar system that has a thick atmosphere, about four times as dense as Earth's. A celestial body's atmosphere is very important. For example, on Earth it protects us from the Sun's radiation. It also helps maintain and circulate heat and distribute gases that nourish and sustain life.

What's more? Titan's atmosphere is similar to Earth's. While our planet's atmosphere has 78 per cent nitrogen, Titan's is mainly made of nitrogen — about 95 per cent, along with five per cent methane. However, a notable difference is that while Earth's atmosphere has 21 per cent oxygen, Saturn's moon has none.

As per NASA, it only takes methane and nitrogen to "unleash a complex web of organic chemistry that makes Titan unique and interesting to scientists."

Given that microorganisms can survive the most extreme environments imaginable, scientists are yet to rule out the existence of exotic life forms that may survive the liquid methane environment.

Additionally, Titan's terrain as we know it is "eerily" similar to our planet Earth's. However, on closer inspection, "every familiar feature has an exotic trait".

The similarities don't end there. As per NASA, Titan is carved by huge flowing rivers and lakes that, instead of water, hold methane.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/researchers-say-a-surprise-layer-of-molten-rock-envelops-marss-liquid-metal-core-651517">Researchers say a surprise layer of molten rock envelops Mars' liquid-metal core</a>

Furthermore, it has rocks that look like ours but are made of water ice that stays frozen because of the celestial body's cold weather.

Previously, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), a radio telescope observatory in Chile, scientists found C3H2, or cyclopropenylidene in Titan's atmosphere. This carbon-based molecule that has never been identified in any other atmosphere. Scientists believe that the find may be a precursor to more complex compounds that could form or feed possible life on Saturn's moon.

All these things point to the probability that Titan may hold fascinating secrets about alien life forms.

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA is gearing up to launch its most ambitious alien world exploration ever: another ocean world. The US space agency in 2027 will launch its only mission to explore such a world.

NASA is gearing up to launch its most ambitious alien world exploration ever: another ocean world. The US space agency in 2027 will launch its only mission to explore such a world. Using NASA's Dragonfly rotorcraft lander, the mission will explore Saturn's moon Titan "with its dense atmosphere and low gravity," which as per the space agency is "a great place to fly." Here's all you need to know about the upcoming NASA mission to Luna Saturni, or "moon of Saturn". Dragonfly NASA's Dragonfly is a nuclear-powered, car-sized drone that is "designed to investigate the complex chemistry that is the precursor to life." The mission, which is expected to last for nearly three years, will study how organic compounds formed, and if Saturn's moon currently has or ever had life. It will be equipped with cameras, sensors and samplers that will examine Titan's dense, nitrogen-rich atmosphere, which is known to contain organic material that scientists believe may have come in contact with liquid water beneath its organic-rich, icy surface. Dragonfly is scheduled to launch around 2027, and it is expected to reach Titan by the mid-2030s. Will it be able to bear Titan's unique atmosphere? To test Dragonfly, mission engineers have already conducted two test campaigns in NASA Langley’s 14-by-22-foot Subsonic Tunnel, and two in the 16-foot Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT). As per Ken Hibbard, Dragonfly mission systems engineer at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), "All of these tests feed into our Dragonfly Titan simulations and performance predictions". Also read | Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers' "With Dragonfly, we're turning science fiction into exploration fact," said Hibbard, as per a statement on the NASA website. He added that "the mission is coming together piece by piece, and we're excited for every next step toward sending this revolutionary rotorcraft across the skies and surface of Titan." They've been conducting test campaigns at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. Researchers have made attempts to assess the vehicle's aerodynamic performance in harsh, unique conditions anticipating what Dragonfly will have to face during the various stages of the mission. Recently, in one of its latest tests, the team behind Dragonfly set up a half-scale lander model of the spacecraft. This was used to test the space vehicle's descent once it arrives on Titan and its flight over the surface. "We tested conditions across the expected flight envelope at a variety of wind speeds, rotor speeds and flight angles to assess the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle," test lead Bernadine Juliano of the APL said in a statement on NASA's website. Also read | Scientists develop a vaccine for cocaine. Here's how it works "We completed more than 700 total runs, encompassing over 4,000 individual data points. All test objectives were successfully accomplished, and the data will help increase confidence in our simulation models on Earth before extrapolating to Titan conditions," Juliano said. Why is NASA sending Dragonfly to Saturn's moon? Titan is the only moon in our solar system that has a thick atmosphere, about four times as dense as Earth's. A celestial body's atmosphere is very important. For example, on Earth it protects us from the Sun's radiation. It also helps maintain and circulate heat and distribute gases that nourish and sustain life. What's more? Titan's atmosphere is similar to Earth's. While our planet's atmosphere has 78 per cent nitrogen, Titan's is mainly made of nitrogen — about 95 per cent, along with five per cent methane. However, a notable difference is that while Earth's atmosphere has 21 per cent oxygen, Saturn's moon has none. As per NASA, it only takes methane and nitrogen to "unleash a complex web of organic chemistry that makes Titan unique and interesting to scientists." Given that microorganisms can survive the most extreme environments imaginable, scientists are yet to rule out the existence of exotic life forms that may survive the liquid methane environment. Additionally, Titan's terrain as we know it is "eerily" similar to our planet Earth's. However, on closer inspection, "every familiar feature has an exotic trait". The similarities don't end there. As per NASA, Titan is carved by huge flowing rivers and lakes that, instead of water, hold methane. Also read | Researchers say a surprise layer of molten rock envelops Mars' liquid-metal core Furthermore, it has rocks that look like ours but are made of water ice that stays frozen because of the celestial body's cold weather. Previously, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), a radio telescope observatory in Chile, scientists found C3H2, or cyclopropenylidene in Titan's atmosphere. This carbon-based molecule that has never been identified in any other atmosphere. Scientists believe that the find may be a precursor to more complex compounds that could form or feed possible life on Saturn's moon. All these things point to the probability that Titan may hold fascinating secrets about alien life forms. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Explained: NASA to send 'nuclear-powered' Dragonfly to Saturn's moon Titan. Here's all you need to know

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has found more evidence that points towards the existence of life on Mars… once upon a time.&nbsp;

A team of researchers examining data collected by NASA's curiosity has deduced that the planet in ancient times had a huge network of rivers flowing with life-giving water. They have published their findings&nbsp;in Geophysical Research Letters.

<h2>'Planet of rivers'</h2>

"We're finding evidence that Mars was likely a planet of rivers," said the research's lead author, Benjamin Cardenas, a geoscientist at Penn State University.

Cardenas and his team reached this conclusion after analysing a combination of images from the Curiosity rover, scans of sedimentary rock beneath the Gulf of Mexico on Earth and several computer simulations.

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Using these, they identified the ancient, eroded remnants of rivers in many Mars craters.

Curiosity rover identified specific landforms called bench-and-nose features; here steep and shallow slopes are called 'benches,' while shortened ridges are called 'noses'.&nbsp;

They form when sedimentary material laid down in channels by rivers is subsequently eroded by prevailing winds. These landforms suggest that rivers were more widespread than thought earlier.&nbsp;

<h2>Why is this important?</h2>

On our planet Earth, rivers are an indispensable source of chemical, nutrient and sediment cycles, all of which are indispensable for life. This fresh discovery provides further proof of ancient rivers and could help in humanity's&nbsp;search for signs of life on the red planet.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-perseverance-rover-captures-footage-of-martian-dust-devil-642359">A two-kilometre-tall 'dust devil' has been caught on camera, but not on Earth</a>

As Cardenas puts it: "Our research indicates that Mars could have had far more rivers than previously believed, which certainly paints a more optimistic view of ancient life on Mars."

"It offers a vision of Mars, where most of the planet once had the right condition for life," he remarked.&nbsp;

<h2>Is the knowledge of Mars rivers new?</h2>

No, it isn't. We have known about Mars' rivers since Mariner 9, the first spacecraft to orbit the red planet, sent back images which were clicked back in 1971. The images showed dried-up river channels and floodplains on Mars's surface.

Mars orbiters and rovers have also identified ridges that were probably formed by sediment in river channels billions of years ago.

Multiple Mars rovers have also found mineralogical evidence, including sulfur-containing compounds like jarosite that form in water.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has found more evidence that points towards the existence of life on Mars… once upon a time. A team of researchers examining data collected by NASA's curiosity has deduced that the planet in ancient times had a huge network of rivers flowing with life-giving water.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has found more evidence that points towards the existence of life on Mars… once upon a time. A team of researchers examining data collected by NASA's curiosity has deduced that the planet in ancient times had a huge network of rivers flowing with life-giving water. They have published their findings in Geophysical Research Letters. 'Planet of rivers' "We're finding evidence that Mars was likely a planet of rivers," said the research's lead author, Benjamin Cardenas, a geoscientist at Penn State University. Cardenas and his team reached this conclusion after analysing a combination of images from the Curiosity rover, scans of sedimentary rock beneath the Gulf of Mexico on Earth and several computer simulations. Also read | Scientists develop a vaccine for cocaine. Here's how it works Using these, they identified the ancient, eroded remnants of rivers in many Mars craters. Curiosity rover identified specific landforms called bench-and-nose features; here steep and shallow slopes are called 'benches,' while shortened ridges are called 'noses'. They form when sedimentary material laid down in channels by rivers is subsequently eroded by prevailing winds. These landforms suggest that rivers were more widespread than thought earlier. Why is this important? On our planet Earth, rivers are an indispensable source of chemical, nutrient and sediment cycles, all of which are indispensable for life. This fresh discovery provides further proof of ancient rivers and could help in humanity's search for signs of life on the red planet. Also read | A two-kilometre-tall 'dust devil' has been caught on camera, but not on Earth As Cardenas puts it: "Our research indicates that Mars could have had far more rivers than previously believed, which certainly paints a more optimistic view of ancient life on Mars." "It offers a vision of Mars, where most of the planet once had the right condition for life," he remarked. Is the knowledge of Mars rivers new? No, it isn't. We have known about Mars' rivers since Mariner 9, the first spacecraft to orbit the red planet, sent back images which were clicked back in 1971. The images showed dried-up river channels and floodplains on Mars's surface. Mars orbiters and rovers have also identified ridges that were probably formed by sediment in river channels billions of years ago. Multiple Mars rovers have also found mineralogical evidence, including sulfur-containing compounds like jarosite that form in water. (With inputs from agencies)

Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers'

In a step forward for the Artemis II mission, the Orion crew and service modules that are to be used were joined on October 19 at the Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the space agency said.

NASA's Artemis II program is the first crewed mission that will take astronauts around the moon. It is planned to be launched in November 2024. The 10-day flight will test NASA's "foundational human deep space exploration capabilities, the SLS rocket, Orion spacecraft" with astronauts. The uncrewed Artemis I became a huge success for NASA in 2022.&nbsp;

The joining of the crew and service modules came after NASA engineers successfully completed the hardware installations and testing over the past several months.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/spacex-seals-deal-with-esa-for-launch-of-satellites-report-650799">SpaceX seals deal with ESA for launch of satellites: Report</a>

Under the ambitious mission, NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, along with CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen will venture around the Moon and come back to Earth.

With the crew and service modules integrated, NASA said that the team of engineers will now power up the combined crew and service module for the first time.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/collision-between-rare-stars-in-milky-way-to-end-life-on-earth-says-study-650730">Collision between rare stars in Milky Way to end life on Earth, says study</a>

"After power on test is complete, Orion will begin altitude chamber testing, which will put the spacecraft through conditions as close as possible to the environment it will experience in the vacuum of deep space," the space agency said.&nbsp;

<h2>NASA’s Artemis II Moon rocket core stage&nbsp;</h2>

Earlier, all four RS-25 engines onto the core stage for NASA’s Artemis II Moon rocket were joined at NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans.

The first engine to NASA’s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket core stage was added on September 11, the second engine on September 15 and the third and fourth engines on September 19 and September 20, respectively.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chinas-top-diplomat-wang-yi-is-us-this-week-650960">China's top diplomat, Wang Yi is US this week</a>

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"The SLS core stage, at 212 feet, is the backbone of the Moon rocket. Its two huge propellant tanks provide more than 733,000 gallons of super-chilled liquid propellant to the four RS-25 engines, while the stage’s flight computers, avionics, and electrical systems act as the “brains” of the rocket. During Artemis II, the RS-25 engines will together provide more than 2 million pounds of thrust for eight minutes of flight, helping to send the Artemis II crew beyond low-Earth orbit to venture around the Moon," NASA said in a statement.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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In a step forward for the Artemis II mission, the Orion crew and service modules that are to be used were joined on October 19 at the Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the space agency said.

In a step forward for the Artemis II mission, the Orion crew and service modules that are to be used were joined on October 19 at the Neil Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the space agency said. NASA's Artemis II program is the first crewed mission that will take astronauts around the moon. It is planned to be launched in November 2024. The 10-day flight will test NASA's "foundational human deep space exploration capabilities, the SLS rocket, Orion spacecraft" with astronauts. The uncrewed Artemis I became a huge success for NASA in 2022. The joining of the crew and service modules came after NASA engineers successfully completed the hardware installations and testing over the past several months. Also Read | SpaceX seals deal with ESA for launch of satellites: Report Under the ambitious mission, NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, along with CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen will venture around the Moon and come back to Earth. With the crew and service modules integrated, NASA said that the team of engineers will now power up the combined crew and service module for the first time. Also Read | Collision between rare stars in Milky Way to end life on Earth, says study "After power on test is complete, Orion will begin altitude chamber testing, which will put the spacecraft through conditions as close as possible to the environment it will experience in the vacuum of deep space," the space agency said. NASA’s Artemis II Moon rocket core stage Earlier, all four RS-25 engines onto the core stage for NASA’s Artemis II Moon rocket were joined at NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans. The first engine to NASA’s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket core stage was added on September 11, the second engine on September 15 and the third and fourth engines on September 19 and September 20, respectively. Watch | China's top diplomat, Wang Yi is US this week × "The SLS core stage, at 212 feet, is the backbone of the Moon rocket. Its two huge propellant tanks provide more than 733,000 gallons of super-chilled liquid propellant to the four RS-25 engines, while the stage’s flight computers, avionics, and electrical systems act as the “brains” of the rocket. During Artemis II, the RS-25 engines will together provide more than 2 million pounds of thrust for eight minutes of flight, helping to send the Artemis II crew beyond low-Earth orbit to venture around the Moon," NASA said in a statement. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Artemis II Orion crew, service modules joined together as NASA's moon mission set to launch next year

NASA is gearing up for humanity's deepest-ever peek into the heart of our Milky Way Galaxy. For this, it will make use of its Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, which will monitor the vast expanse of space for "tell-tale flickers" for secrets that may change our understanding of the world "out there".

<h2>What does Roman Telescope&nbsp;expect to find?</h2>

As per the NASA website, the Roman Space Telescope will monitor "hundreds of millions of stars," looking for "telltale flickers that betray the presence of planets, distant stars, small icy objects that haunt the outskirts of our solar system, isolated black holes, and more."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/artemis-ii-orion-crew-service-modules-joined-together-as-nasas-moon-mission-set-to-launch-next-year-650991">Artemis II Orion crew, service modules joined together as NASA's moon mission set to launch next year</a>

Scientists expect that the telescope will "likely" establish a record for the farthest-known exoplanet. This, they say, may offer us a "glimpse" into unknown galactic neighbourhoods that may be home to worlds different from the 5,500 known to us.

<h2>What is the Roman Telescope?</h2>

Roman Telescope is NASA's long-term monitoring system. As per NASA, it "represents a boon to what scientists call time-domain astronomy" or the study of how the universe changes over time.

The telescope "will join a growing, international fleet of observatories working together to capture these changes as they unfold."&nbsp;

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NASA expects to launch Roman by May 2027.

Its Galactic Bulge Time-Domain Survey will focus on the Milky Way. For this, it will use infrared vision to peer through clouds of dust that can potentially block the view of the crowded central region of our galaxy.&nbsp;

Roman plans to capture this by taking an image every 15 minutes around the clock for about two months. This process will be repeated six times over Roman's five-year primary mission, which will total more than a year of observations.

Scientists will also conduct stellar seismology studies on a million giant stars. This will be done by analysing the brightness changes a star undergoes when sound waves are echoed through its gaseous interior. This will help them learn about the star's structure, age and other properties.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA is gearing up for humanity's deepest-ever peek into the heart of our Milky Way Galaxy. For this, it will make use of its Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, which will monitor the vast expanse of space for "tell-tale flickers" for secrets that may change our understanding of the world "out there".

NASA is gearing up for humanity's deepest-ever peek into the heart of our Milky Way Galaxy. For this, it will make use of its Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, which will monitor the vast expanse of space for "tell-tale flickers" for secrets that may change our understanding of the world "out there". What does Roman Telescope expect to find? As per the NASA website, the Roman Space Telescope will monitor "hundreds of millions of stars," looking for "telltale flickers that betray the presence of planets, distant stars, small icy objects that haunt the outskirts of our solar system, isolated black holes, and more." Also read | Artemis II Orion crew, service modules joined together as NASA's moon mission set to launch next year Scientists expect that the telescope will "likely" establish a record for the farthest-known exoplanet. This, they say, may offer us a "glimpse" into unknown galactic neighbourhoods that may be home to worlds different from the 5,500 known to us. What is the Roman Telescope? Roman Telescope is NASA's long-term monitoring system. As per NASA, it "represents a boon to what scientists call time-domain astronomy" or the study of how the universe changes over time. The telescope "will join a growing, international fleet of observatories working together to capture these changes as they unfold." Also read | Scientists have created an 'identical twin' universe using the biggest supercomputer NASA expects to launch Roman by May 2027. Its Galactic Bulge Time-Domain Survey will focus on the Milky Way. For this, it will use infrared vision to peer through clouds of dust that can potentially block the view of the crowded central region of our galaxy. Roman plans to capture this by taking an image every 15 minutes around the clock for about two months. This process will be repeated six times over Roman's five-year primary mission, which will total more than a year of observations. Scientists will also conduct stellar seismology studies on a million giant stars. This will be done by analysing the brightness changes a star undergoes when sound waves are echoed through its gaseous interior. This will help them learn about the star's structure, age and other properties. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA readies to launch Roman telescope for humanity's farthest-ever peek into Milky Way galaxy

Following the conclusion of an independent evaluation that the existing Mars Sample Return (MSR) design has a "unrealistic" budget and timeline, NASA has begun to modify its strategy to retrieving samples from Mars.

NASA Mars sample return mission | NASA to work with ESA for bringing Mars samples to Earth

NASA's Johnson Space Center has been struggling to open a canister which kept an asteroid sample safe during its journey through space. A month ago, pristine samples from an asteroid landed on Earth, enclosed within a tight capsule.

NASA's Johnson Space Center has been struggling to open a canister which kept an asteroid sample safe during its journey through space. A month ago, pristine samples from an asteroid landed on Earth, enclosed within a tight capsule. However, the curation team for the OSIRIS-REx mission, the first US mission to collect a sample from asteroid Bennu, has been having trouble opening the TAGSAM (Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism) head. The team has been handling the TAGSAM head carefully using a specialised glovebox under the nitrogen flow to prevent contamination. In a blog post, NASA said, "After multiple attempts at removal, the team discovered that they could not remove two of the 35 fasteners on the TAGSAM head with the current tools approved for use in the OSIRIS-REx glovebox. The team has been developing and implementing new approaches to extract the material inside the head while continuing to keep the sample safe and pristine." ALSO READ | Giant solar storm to hit Earth on Oct 24: Here's how to protect yourself On the initial removal of the aluminium lid on the canister, the mission team found black dust and debris on the avionics deck. On 11 October 2023, NASA revealed the first sample collected from TAGSAM's outer covering. However, it mentioned that the team still hasn't opened the sample canister. So far, the curation team has removed some of the material from inside the canisters using tweezers. "The tools for any proposed solution to extract the remaining material from the head must be able to fit inside the glovebox and not compromise the scientific integrity of the collection, and any procedures must be consistent with the clean room's standards," NASA wrote in its blog post. ALSO READ | Human sperm is breaking one of Newton's laws of motion and the finding may be revolutionary According to NASA, the asteroid samples collected exceed the mission's goal of gathering 60 grams of debris from the asteroid. The space agency has recovered 70.3 grams of rocks and dust. The research team has also found an abundance of carbon and water molecules in the samples. Launched in September 2016, the OSIRIS-REx mission reached asteroid Bennu in December 2018. The spacecraft landed on Bennu and collected a sample from its surface in October 2020. Then, OSIRIS-REx dropped the asteroid sample in the Utah desert on 24 September 2023. Although the mission has hit a temporary block, the initial findings from the asteroid sample look promising. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

A canister containing asteroid samples is giving NASA a hard time. Here's why

We all know that NASA Curiosity rover is carefully trudging the surface of the Red Planet making observations and collecting samples. What good is a sample if it can't be analysed to see if it reveals some fascinating new thing about our neighbouring planet? But for this analysis, the sample must be brought to Earth. And NASA is going for an 'amusement park' approach to get the precious cargo back to Earth.

Enter NASA's 'Mars Sample Return Mission' which it will carry out with the European Space Agency (ESA).

The mission will be launched to bring Martian samples back to Earth. But it will not be as easy as firing a rocket from here and just picking up sample to bring it back home. It will be a multi-step process.&nbsp;

The Mars Sample Return Mission will be historic as it will involve&nbsp;lifting off of a rocket from another planet for the first time in history of our space-faring endeavours!

So here's how things will unfold.

A spacecraft named 'Sample Retrieval Lander' (SRL) will lift off from Earth and travel all the way to Mars. It will make a careful landing on the planet's surface. The SRL will carry with it another rocket named Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV).&nbsp;

Watch | Scientists surprised by source of largest quake detected on Mars

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After landing on Mars, the Martian samples collected by Curiosity rover will be loaded onto MAV, which will then get ready for a launch.

<h2>So what's the 'amusement park' bit?</h2>

Since we have never carried out a lift-off from the surface of another planet, we do not know 100 per cent what will happen during a lift-off from Mars. But scientists certainly have an idea about the obstacles in this path.

Unlike Earth, Mars does not have a launchpad which provides flat surface for a rocket to lift off. And when a rocket lifts off, it exerts crazy amount of force on the ground beneath it. Launchpads on Earth are designed to withstand this unimaginable force.

But loose Martian soil is unlikely to withstand the giant force and may cave in during the lift-off of a rocket from its surface. The fuel blast may also hurl up rocks which may damage the rocket before it gets a chance to lift off.&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/evidence-of-life-on-mars-hiding-in-ancient-mud-lake-research-suggests-so-649647">Evidence of life on Mars hiding in ancient mud lake? Research suggests so</a>

It is because of this the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), after it is loaded with Martian samples, will be 'tossed' up in Martian air by the Sample Retrieval Lander (SRL). When the MAV is in the air and before it crashes back to the ground due to Mars' gravity, it will fire its thrusters and set off for the Martian sky! The manoeuvre is sure to be tricky.

In amusement parks, we have come across attractions that toss us up in the sky and make us question our life choices, even when the safety wires bring you down, albeit almost at the speed of a free-fall.&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/will-devil-comet-hurtling-towards-earth-bring-devastation-heres-what-scientists-suggest-649879">Will 'Devil Comet' hurtling towards Earth bring devastation? Here's what scientists suggest</a>

The manoeuvre of the MAV is similar, it's just that it will not come back down towards the surface, but will fire engines and lift-off.

When it reaches the Martian orbit, it will hand over the sample to the Earth Return Orbiter (ERO) which would already be orbiting Mars. The ERO will then hed towards Earth, with the precious samples collected on the surface of the Red Planet.

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We all know that NASA Curiosity rover is carefully trudging the surface of the Red Planet making observations and collecting samples. What good is a sample if it can't be analysed to see if it reveals some fascinating new thing about our neighbouring planet?

We all know that NASA Curiosity rover is carefully trudging the surface of the Red Planet making observations and collecting samples. What good is a sample if it can't be analysed to see if it reveals some fascinating new thing about our neighbouring planet? But for this analysis, the sample must be brought to Earth. And NASA is going for an 'amusement park' approach to get the precious cargo back to Earth. Enter NASA's 'Mars Sample Return Mission' which it will carry out with the European Space Agency (ESA). The mission will be launched to bring Martian samples back to Earth. But it will not be as easy as firing a rocket from here and just picking up sample to bring it back home. It will be a multi-step process. The Mars Sample Return Mission will be historic as it will involve lifting off of a rocket from another planet for the first time in history of our space-faring endeavours! So here's how things will unfold. A spacecraft named 'Sample Retrieval Lander' (SRL) will lift off from Earth and travel all the way to Mars. It will make a careful landing on the planet's surface. The SRL will carry with it another rocket named Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV). Watch | Scientists surprised by source of largest quake detected on Mars × After landing on Mars, the Martian samples collected by Curiosity rover will be loaded onto MAV, which will then get ready for a launch. So what's the 'amusement park' bit? Since we have never carried out a lift-off from the surface of another planet, we do not know 100 per cent what will happen during a lift-off from Mars. But scientists certainly have an idea about the obstacles in this path. Unlike Earth, Mars does not have a launchpad which provides flat surface for a rocket to lift off. And when a rocket lifts off, it exerts crazy amount of force on the ground beneath it. Launchpads on Earth are designed to withstand this unimaginable force. But loose Martian soil is unlikely to withstand the giant force and may cave in during the lift-off of a rocket from its surface. The fuel blast may also hurl up rocks which may damage the rocket before it gets a chance to lift off. Also Read | Evidence of life on Mars hiding in ancient mud lake? Research suggests so It is because of this the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), after it is loaded with Martian samples, will be 'tossed' up in Martian air by the Sample Retrieval Lander (SRL). When the MAV is in the air and before it crashes back to the ground due to Mars' gravity, it will fire its thrusters and set off for the Martian sky! The manoeuvre is sure to be tricky. In amusement parks, we have come across attractions that toss us up in the sky and make us question our life choices, even when the safety wires bring you down, albeit almost at the speed of a free-fall. Also Read | Will 'Devil Comet' hurtling towards Earth bring devastation? Here's what scientists suggest The manoeuvre of the MAV is similar, it's just that it will not come back down towards the surface, but will fire engines and lift-off. When it reaches the Martian orbit, it will hand over the sample to the Earth Return Orbiter (ERO) which would already be orbiting Mars. The ERO will then hed towards Earth, with the precious samples collected on the surface of the Red Planet. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Rocket from Mars to Earth? NASA's 'amusement park' approach to return red planet samples

SpaceX, the private space exploration company led by Elon Musk, is planning to launch 144 missions in 2024.

SpaceX aims to launch 144 missions next year

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), renowned for its deep space discoveries, has recently unveiled captivating imagery from our very own cosmic neighbourhood, offering novel insights into the intricate dynamics of the gas giant, Jupiter.&nbsp;

Stunning snapshots&nbsp;captured by the JWST in 2022, have unexpectedly exposed a colossal high-speed jet stream swirling across the planet's equator at an astounding speed of approximately 320 mph (515 kph) and spanning over 3,000 miles (4,800 kilometres).

<h2>'That totally surprised us'</h2>

Ricardo Hueso, of the University of the Basque Country, the lead author of the study documenting the findings, expressed his astonishment at the discovery.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-to-delve-deep-into-mysterious-signals-from-hell-like-exoplanet-using-james-webb-telescope-649138">This 'hell-like' exoplanet has been sending mysterious signals. JWST will now help find out why</a>

Joining in the sentiment, Leigh Fletcher from the University of Leicester said, "It’s amazing to me that, after years of tracking Jupiter’s clouds and winds from numerous observatories, we still have more to learn."

The findings have been published in the journal Nature Astronomy.

<h2>Why does a jet stream on Jupiter matter?</h2>

The team explained that the newfound jet stream, exceeding the velocity of a Category 5 hurricane on Earth, promises to provide crucial insights into Jupiter's turbulent atmosphere.&nbsp;

Researchers anticipate that the "crisp" images will help with a comprehensive understanding of the celestial giant's intricate cloud formations and weather patterns.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-unveils-stunning-lunar-shadow-image-from-ring-of-fire-solar-eclipse-649157">NASA unveils stunning lunar shadow image from 'ring of fire' solar eclipse</a>

"We knew the different wavelengths of Webb and Hubble would reveal the three-dimensional structure of storm clouds, but we were also able to use the timing of the data to see how rapidly storms develop," said Michael Wong of the University of California, Berkeley, who led the associated Hubble observations and was a member of the new study.

"Jupiter has a complicated but repeatable pattern of winds and temperatures in its equatorial stratosphere, high above the winds in the clouds and hazes measured at these wavelengths," said Fletcher, adding "If the strength of this new jet is connected to this oscillating stratospheric pattern, we might expect the jet to vary considerably over the next two to four years."

"It'll be really exciting to test this theory in the years to come," he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), renowned for its deep space discoveries, has recently unveiled captivating imagery from our very own cosmic neighbourhood, offering novel insights into the intricate dynamics of the gas giant, Jupiter.

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), renowned for its deep space discoveries, has recently unveiled captivating imagery from our very own cosmic neighbourhood, offering novel insights into the intricate dynamics of the gas giant, Jupiter. Stunning snapshots captured by the JWST in 2022, have unexpectedly exposed a colossal high-speed jet stream swirling across the planet's equator at an astounding speed of approximately 320 mph (515 kph) and spanning over 3,000 miles (4,800 kilometres). 'That totally surprised us' Ricardo Hueso, of the University of the Basque Country, the lead author of the study documenting the findings, expressed his astonishment at the discovery. Also read | This 'hell-like' exoplanet has been sending mysterious signals. JWST will now help find out why Joining in the sentiment, Leigh Fletcher from the University of Leicester said, "It’s amazing to me that, after years of tracking Jupiter’s clouds and winds from numerous observatories, we still have more to learn." The findings have been published in the journal Nature Astronomy. Why does a jet stream on Jupiter matter? The team explained that the newfound jet stream, exceeding the velocity of a Category 5 hurricane on Earth, promises to provide crucial insights into Jupiter's turbulent atmosphere. Researchers anticipate that the "crisp" images will help with a comprehensive understanding of the celestial giant's intricate cloud formations and weather patterns. Also read | NASA unveils stunning lunar shadow image from 'ring of fire' solar eclipse "We knew the different wavelengths of Webb and Hubble would reveal the three-dimensional structure of storm clouds, but we were also able to use the timing of the data to see how rapidly storms develop," said Michael Wong of the University of California, Berkeley, who led the associated Hubble observations and was a member of the new study. "Jupiter has a complicated but repeatable pattern of winds and temperatures in its equatorial stratosphere, high above the winds in the clouds and hazes measured at these wavelengths," said Fletcher, adding "If the strength of this new jet is connected to this oscillating stratospheric pattern, we might expect the jet to vary considerably over the next two to four years." "It'll be really exciting to test this theory in the years to come," he added. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

James Webb Telescope observes jet stream as fast as 'category 5' storms on Jupiter

NASA has released another fascinating image from last week's 'ring of fire' solar eclipse.

The image which was captured by NASA's Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) captured the moment the moon aligned with the sun casting a shadow on Earth.

<h2>A lunar shadow</h2>

As the moon was passing in front of the sun during the annular solar eclipse on October 14, it cast a shadow or an umbra on our planet.&nbsp;

DSCOVR, a joint satellite of NASA, NOAA and US Air Force, managed to capture this "out of the world" display from a unique vantage point of about 1.5 million kilometres from the Earth.

Sharing the "EPIC view" on social media platform X, NASA wrote, "An EPIC view of the annular eclipse."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-to-delve-deep-into-mysterious-signals-from-hell-like-exoplanet-using-james-webb-telescope-649138">Scientists to delve deep into mysterious signals from 'hell-like' exoplanet using James Webb Telescope</a>

"About 1.5 million kilometres from Earth, the shadow, or umbra, from the Moon was seen falling across the southeastern coast of Texas. @nasa's EPIC instrument on the DSCOVR satellite captured this image on Oct. 14."

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
An EPIC view of the annular eclipse 😎 
 
About 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, the shadow, or umbra, from the Moon was seen falling across the southeastern coast of Texas. <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@nasa</a>'s EPIC instrument on the DSCOVR satellite captured this image on Oct. 14. <a href="https://t.co/WPvQbRAFKN">https://t.co/WPvQbRAFKN</a> <a href="https://t.co/QWBJFqRyBl">pic.twitter.com/QWBJFqRyBl</a>
— NASA Earth (@NASAEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAEarth/status/1714279463234801898?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 17, 2023</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

DSCOVR, as per the NASA website, is "a space weather station that monitors changes in the solar wind, providing space weather alerts and forecasts for geomagnetic storms that could disrupt power grids, satellites, telecommunications, aviation and GPS."

<h2>The solar eclipse</h2>

Along a narrow pathway from the Oregon coast to Central and South America, skygazers witnessed an annular solar eclipse, where the moon blocked all of the sun except for a thin band, a luminous "ring of fire".

To the rest of us, a partial eclipse was visible, one that looked like the moon taking a nibble out of the sun.

A picture of this phenomenon clicked from space was also shared by NASA. That picture from an extraordinary viewpoint in space was clicked by one of the astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS).&nbsp;

The stunning photo depicts the annular eclipse as viewed from the ISS, approximately 260 miles above Earth. You can check it out here.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-shares-amazing-picture-of-solar-eclipse-clicked-from-space-648675">This picture of annular solar eclipse snapped from 260 miles above Earth is quite riveting</a>

<h2>How annual solar eclipses happen</h2>

Annular solar eclipses happen due to the moon's slightly elliptical orbit, and occur when the moon, sun, and Earth align perfectly, but the moon is positioned farthest from Earth, which then results in the solar disk being blocked, albeit incompletely.

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA has released another fascinating image from last week's 'ring of fire' solar eclipse. The image which was captured by NASA's Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) captured the moment the moon aligned with the sun casting a shadow on Earth.

NASA has released another fascinating image from last week's 'ring of fire' solar eclipse. The image which was captured by NASA's Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) captured the moment the moon aligned with the sun casting a shadow on Earth. A lunar shadow As the moon was passing in front of the sun during the annular solar eclipse on October 14, it cast a shadow or an umbra on our planet. DSCOVR, a joint satellite of NASA, NOAA and US Air Force, managed to capture this "out of the world" display from a unique vantage point of about 1.5 million kilometres from the Earth. Sharing the "EPIC view" on social media platform X, NASA wrote, "An EPIC view of the annular eclipse." Also read | Scientists to delve deep into mysterious signals from 'hell-like' exoplanet using James Webb Telescope "About 1.5 million kilometres from Earth, the shadow, or umbra, from the Moon was seen falling across the southeastern coast of Texas. @nasa's EPIC instrument on the DSCOVR satellite captured this image on Oct. 14." An EPIC view of the annular eclipse 😎 About 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, the shadow, or umbra, from the Moon was seen falling across the southeastern coast of Texas. @nasa's EPIC instrument on the DSCOVR satellite captured this image on Oct. 14. https://t.co/WPvQbRAFKN pic.twitter.com/QWBJFqRyBl — NASA Earth (@NASAEarth) October 17, 2023 × DSCOVR, as per the NASA website, is "a space weather station that monitors changes in the solar wind, providing space weather alerts and forecasts for geomagnetic storms that could disrupt power grids, satellites, telecommunications, aviation and GPS." The solar eclipse Along a narrow pathway from the Oregon coast to Central and South America, skygazers witnessed an annular solar eclipse, where the moon blocked all of the sun except for a thin band, a luminous "ring of fire". To the rest of us, a partial eclipse was visible, one that looked like the moon taking a nibble out of the sun. A picture of this phenomenon clicked from space was also shared by NASA. That picture from an extraordinary viewpoint in space was clicked by one of the astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The stunning photo depicts the annular eclipse as viewed from the ISS, approximately 260 miles above Earth. You can check it out here. Also read | This picture of annular solar eclipse snapped from 260 miles above Earth is quite riveting How annual solar eclipses happen Annular solar eclipses happen due to the moon's slightly elliptical orbit, and occur when the moon, sun, and Earth align perfectly, but the moon is positioned farthest from Earth, which then results in the solar disk being blocked, albeit incompletely. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Epic image captures moon's shadow falling on US during the 'ring of fire' solar eclipse

Millions of asteroids are floating in our solar system in the massive asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and some of them are so close to our planet, that they are deemed to be "near-Earth asteroids".

Millions of asteroids are floating in our solar system in the massive asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and some of them are so close to our planet, that they are deemed to be "near-Earth asteroids". The majority of these orbiting rocks don't attract any attention, but a handful of asteroids and their compositions have recently fascinated astrophysicists around the world. That includes scientists at NASA, who have lately been rushing to obtain asteroid samples. Also read: Scientists to delve deep into mysterious signals from 'hell-like' exoplanet using James Webb Telescope Now in the latest research, a team at the University of Arizona in Tucson while analysing an incredibly dense asteroid named 33 Polyhymnia has made a mystifying discovery. This asteroid is so dense that it may be made of naturally occurring "superheavy elements" beyond those listed in the periodic table, the research suggests. "If asteroids do indeed contain superheavy elements, it would open numerous questions surrounding how these elements were formed and why we have not discovered them outside of asteroids yet," study co-author Johann Rafelski, a physics professor at the University of Arizona, told Live Science. Also read: A radio signal took 8 billion years to reach Earth, but its source is a mystery In a study published in The European Physical Journal Plus in mid-September, researchers deduced that Polyhymnia has a measured density higher than all the elements that exist on Earth. The team identified Polyhymnia as a compact ultradense object (CUDO), indicating that it might contain superheavy components that were previously unknown to humans. In other words, it comprises elements that are not listed in the periodic table. These elements would be stable around an atomic number of 164, which is significantly more dense than osmium, the element with the most protons known to exist naturally. The team's discoveries come as NASA plans to launch unmanned spacecraft to study and potentially return samples from far-off asteroids. The space agency and the University of Arizona, with the help of Queen guitarist Brian May, recently recovered its first-ever asteroid sample that was successfully transported to Earth late last month. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

This near-Earth asteroid possibly contains elements not found in the periodic table

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