Every continent has seen extreme weather occurrences, including the most recent "unbearable" hot in Brazil, historically high sea temperatures, and alarming lows in Antarctic sea ice.

Global warming: Is the world warming faster than expected?

Twelve billionaires’ climate emissions outpollute 2.1m homes, analysis finds. Research shows impact from lifestyles and investments of likes of jeff bezos, bill gates and elon musk

Gravitas: How are the wealthy directly contributing to climate change?

Earth passed an internationally agreed-upon global warming threshold on Friday, raising concerns about climate change, its catastrophic consequences, and the efforts to limit it.

Earth passed an internationally agreed-upon global warming threshold on Friday, raising concerns about climate change, its catastrophic consequences, and the efforts to limit it. Although the planet crossed the ideal threshold only briefly, it can have disastrous outcomes for nature and humankind. According to the preliminary data, global temperatures increased more than two degrees Celsius from the period when humans first started burning fossil fuels and emitting planet-warning greenhouse gases. However, this does not imply that the measures taken to decrease global warming have failed. "I think, while we should not read too much into a single day above 2 degrees Celsius (or 1.5 degrees Celsius for that matter), it's a startling sign nonetheless of the level of extreme global temperatures we are experiencing in 2023,” Zeke Hausfather, a climate scientist with Stripe and Berkeley Earth, told The Washington Post. ALSO READ | Children develop behavioural issues if mothers experience high stress during pregnancy: Study Scientists would consider the average global temperature breached only when it would surpass the two-degree benchmark for months and years. However, the ominous milestone is another alarming sign that climate change is heading in a dangerous direction. If the global average temperature consistently exceeds the ideal threshold for extended periods, we may soon experience the hazardous impacts of global warming that scientists have been warning us about. Everyday variations around global temperature standards, which have slowly ascended for decades, pushed the planet over the hazardous barrier for the first time on Friday. After months of record warmth that have stunned many scientists, temperatures have continued to rise, defying expectations. ALSO READ | James Webb telescope's observations show ice-covered pebbles delivering water to young planets Dr Samantha Burgess, the deputy director of the European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service, posted on social media platform X that Friday's global temperatures were 1.17 degrees Celsius above the 1991-2020 average, a record-setting margin. Given how much human-caused warming had occurred by that period, he wrote in the post, "Our best estimate is that this was the first day when global temperature was more than two degrees Celsius above 1850-1900 (or pre-industrial) levels, at 2.06°C." The European model used to determine global warmth estimates climate conditions in real-time using the same observations as weather predictions. Scientists will soon be able to confirm the record warmth through direct observations that they will gather and vet in the coming weeks. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Concerns about limiting climate change grow after Earth breaches global warming threshold

The higher limit for the global rise in temperatures has now been reduced. A study says temperature rise to 2° c above the pre-industrial level could have a worse impact on the world's ice sheets.

Global warming: Polar seas could suffer acidification

A group of international researchers believe the collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) which is projected to lose mass due to climate change and global ocean warming and is likely to contribute to the rise in sea levels impacting coastal communities across the world is preventable.

The researchers are part of a project which is an international collaboration involving scientists, drillers, engineers and science communicators known as the “Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to Two Degrees of Warming” or SWAIS2C.&nbsp;

<h2>‘We may have some time’</h2>

Researchers citing a recent ice sheet modelling wrote in The Conversation, that all is not lost since Ross and Ronne-Filchner – Earth’s largest ice shelves currently stabilise large regions of ice in the West Antarctic interior – are still intact.&nbsp;

While there are ocean cavities beneath ice shelves that are already “warm”, there are also regions where ice shelf cavities are currently ‘cold’,&nbsp;the group of researchers and scientists wrote.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/global-fossil-fuel-production-plans-threaten-15-degree-celsius-warming-threshold-un-report-656656">Global fossil fuel production plans threaten 1.5 degree Celsius warming threshold: UN report</a>

Therefore, based on existing data they believe that these large ice shelves and the WAIS will largely remain intact if we manage to keep warming close to or below two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial level.

The modelling experiments, according to the researchers, indicate that if the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold, set under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, is not crossed it can limit the total contribution to sea level rise coming from the Antarctic ice sheet to somewhere between 0.12-0.44 metres by 2100.&nbsp;

However, since global surface temperature is likely to exceed the 1.5-degree threshold, the melting of the ice sheet could raise global sea levels by as much as three metres. The WAIS is said to be Antarctica’s largest current contributor to global sea-level rise.&nbsp;

They also noted that the collapse of the WAIS could have devastating consequences, including widespread flooding and displacement of coastal communities.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/heat-related-deaths-to-likely-rise-by-370-by-2050s-lancet-study-claims-658731">Climate crisis: Heat-related deaths might rise 370% by 2050s, claims study</a>

<h2>Addressing the knowledge gap</h2>

The SWAIS2C project, according to their website, aims to answer the key question ‘Does the Paris climate target save the Ross Ice Shelf and limit Antarctic Ice Sheet melt’?&nbsp;

In a bid to look for the answer, their team will recover “key environmental information from the ice and sediment” at two different sites on the Ross Ice Shelf.&nbsp;

So far, no one has drilled deep into the Antarctic seabed, particularly at a location so far from a major base and so close to the centre of the WAIS.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/greenhouse-gases-hit-record-high-in-2022-un-658820">Greenhouse gas concentration hit record high in 2022: UN</a>

The team, according to the project’s website, will drill through thousands of feet of ice at two different sites – Kamb Ice Stream and Crary Ice Rise – to recover “sediment cores”.

The drilling would also allow them to collect and compare data on how the ice shelf behaves in different temperatures to understand how sensitive the Ross Ice Shelf and WAIS were to past warming similar to the 1.5 to two degrees Celsius set in the Paris Agreement.

A group of international researchers believe the collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) which is projected to lose mass due to climate change and global ocean warming and is likely to contribute to the rise in sea levels impacting coastal communities across the world is preventable.

A group of international researchers believe the collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) which is projected to lose mass due to climate change and global ocean warming and is likely to contribute to the rise in sea levels impacting coastal communities across the world is preventable. The researchers are part of a project which is an international collaboration involving scientists, drillers, engineers and science communicators known as the “Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to Two Degrees of Warming” or SWAIS2C. ‘We may have some time’ Researchers citing a recent ice sheet modelling wrote in The Conversation, that all is not lost since Ross and Ronne-Filchner – Earth’s largest ice shelves currently stabilise large regions of ice in the West Antarctic interior – are still intact. While there are ocean cavities beneath ice shelves that are already “warm”, there are also regions where ice shelf cavities are currently ‘cold’, the group of researchers and scientists wrote. ALSO READ | Global fossil fuel production plans threaten 1.5 degree Celsius warming threshold: UN report Therefore, based on existing data they believe that these large ice shelves and the WAIS will largely remain intact if we manage to keep warming close to or below two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial level. The modelling experiments, according to the researchers, indicate that if the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold, set under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, is not crossed it can limit the total contribution to sea level rise coming from the Antarctic ice sheet to somewhere between 0.12-0.44 metres by 2100. However, since global surface temperature is likely to exceed the 1.5-degree threshold, the melting of the ice sheet could raise global sea levels by as much as three metres. The WAIS is said to be Antarctica’s largest current contributor to global sea-level rise. They also noted that the collapse of the WAIS could have devastating consequences, including widespread flooding and displacement of coastal communities. ALSO READ | Climate crisis: Heat-related deaths might rise 370% by 2050s, claims study Addressing the knowledge gap The SWAIS2C project, according to their website, aims to answer the key question ‘Does the Paris climate target save the Ross Ice Shelf and limit Antarctic Ice Sheet melt’? In a bid to look for the answer, their team will recover “key environmental information from the ice and sediment” at two different sites on the Ross Ice Shelf. So far, no one has drilled deep into the Antarctic seabed, particularly at a location so far from a major base and so close to the centre of the WAIS. ALSO READ | Greenhouse gas concentration hit record high in 2022: UN The team, according to the project’s website, will drill through thousands of feet of ice at two different sites – Kamb Ice Stream and Crary Ice Rise – to recover “sediment cores”. The drilling would also allow them to collect and compare data on how the ice shelf behaves in different temperatures to understand how sensitive the Ross Ice Shelf and WAIS were to past warming similar to the 1.5 to two degrees Celsius set in the Paris Agreement.

Researchers believe the collapse of West Antarctic ice sheet is preventable: Report

A recent analysis published by the Lancet has predicted that yearly heat-related deaths could increase by 370 per cent by the 2050s worldwide if global temperatures rise by 2°C over pre-industrial levels.

Vulnerable populations across the world, which include the elderly and children, are now exposed to twice as many heatwave days due to climate change.

These projections are part of the latest edition of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change.

“Our health stocktake reveals that the growing hazards of climate change are costing lives and livelihoods worldwide today. Projections of a 2°C hotter world reveal a dangerous future, and are a grim reminder that the pace and scale of mitigation efforts seen so far have been woefully inadequate to safeguard people’s health and safety”, Marina Romanello, Executive Director of the Lancet Countdown at University College, London, said in a statement.

Watch:&nbsp;Nations voice their concerns about climate change | WION Climate Tracker

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“With 1,337 tonnes of carbon dioxide still emitted every second, we aren’t reducing emissions anywhere near fast enough to keep climate hazards within the levels that our health systems can cope with,” the statement added.

The study represents the work of 114 experts from 52 research institutions and UN agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO).

<h2>Significance ahead of COP28 Summit</h2>

This report comes at a crucial time ahead of the climate summit COP28 that will be held in Dubai in less than a month. For the first time in the history of climate conferences, there is an entire day dedicated to health.

“There is still room for hope” Romanello added in the statement.

“The health focus at COP28 is the opportunity of our lifetime to secure commitments and action. If climate negotiations drive an equitable and rapid phase out of fossils fuels, accelerate mitigation, and support adaptation efforts for health, the ambitions of the Paris Agreement to limit global heating to 1.5 °C are still achievable, and a prosperous healthy future lies within reach,” the statement reads further.

<h2>Impact on health and economy</h2>

Even with the current global average heating of 1.14°C over the past decade, an analysis revealed that people, on average, faced 86 days of health-threatening high temperatures during 2018-2022.

Alarmingly, over 60 per cent of these occurrences were more than twice as likely due to man-made climate change.&nbsp;

The impact on health was evident, with an 85 per cent increase in heat-related deaths among individuals aged over 65 from 2013-2022, surpassing the expected 38 per cent increase based on unchanged temperatures since 1991-2000.

The economic ramifications were substantial, with the total value of losses from extreme weather events reaching an estimated $264 billion in 2022, marking a 23 per cent increase compared to 2010-2014.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-records-522-celsius-temperature-in-arid-northwest-616575">Also read:&nbsp;China sees new July record of 52.2 Celsius temperature in arid northwest</a>

Heat exposure contributed to a staggering 490 billion potential labour hours lost globally in 2022, reflecting an almost 42 per cent surge from 1991-2000. Notably, income losses disproportionately affected the GDP of low-income (6.1 per cent) and middle-income countries (3.8 per cent). These escalating losses not only pose a threat to livelihoods but also curtail the ability to effectively cope with and recover from the consequences of climate change.

(With inputs from agencies)

A recent analysis published by the Lancet has predicted that yearly heat-related deaths could increase by 370 per cent by the 2050s worldwide if global temperatures rise by 2°C over pre-industrial levels.

A recent analysis published by the Lancet has predicted that yearly heat-related deaths could increase by 370 per cent by the 2050s worldwide if global temperatures rise by 2°C over pre-industrial levels. Vulnerable populations across the world, which include the elderly and children, are now exposed to twice as many heatwave days due to climate change. These projections are part of the latest edition of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change. “Our health stocktake reveals that the growing hazards of climate change are costing lives and livelihoods worldwide today. Projections of a 2°C hotter world reveal a dangerous future, and are a grim reminder that the pace and scale of mitigation efforts seen so far have been woefully inadequate to safeguard people’s health and safety”, Marina Romanello, Executive Director of the Lancet Countdown at University College, London, said in a statement. Watch: Nations voice their concerns about climate change | WION Climate Tracker × “With 1,337 tonnes of carbon dioxide still emitted every second, we aren’t reducing emissions anywhere near fast enough to keep climate hazards within the levels that our health systems can cope with,” the statement added. The study represents the work of 114 experts from 52 research institutions and UN agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). Significance ahead of COP28 Summit This report comes at a crucial time ahead of the climate summit COP28 that will be held in Dubai in less than a month. For the first time in the history of climate conferences, there is an entire day dedicated to health. “There is still room for hope” Romanello added in the statement. “The health focus at COP28 is the opportunity of our lifetime to secure commitments and action. If climate negotiations drive an equitable and rapid phase out of fossils fuels, accelerate mitigation, and support adaptation efforts for health, the ambitions of the Paris Agreement to limit global heating to 1.5 °C are still achievable, and a prosperous healthy future lies within reach,” the statement reads further. Impact on health and economy Even with the current global average heating of 1.14°C over the past decade, an analysis revealed that people, on average, faced 86 days of health-threatening high temperatures during 2018-2022. Alarmingly, over 60 per cent of these occurrences were more than twice as likely due to man-made climate change. The impact on health was evident, with an 85 per cent increase in heat-related deaths among individuals aged over 65 from 2013-2022, surpassing the expected 38 per cent increase based on unchanged temperatures since 1991-2000. The economic ramifications were substantial, with the total value of losses from extreme weather events reaching an estimated $264 billion in 2022, marking a 23 per cent increase compared to 2010-2014. Also read: China sees new July record of 52.2 Celsius temperature in arid northwest Heat exposure contributed to a staggering 490 billion potential labour hours lost globally in 2022, reflecting an almost 42 per cent surge from 1991-2000. Notably, income losses disproportionately affected the GDP of low-income (6.1 per cent) and middle-income countries (3.8 per cent). These escalating losses not only pose a threat to livelihoods but also curtail the ability to effectively cope with and recover from the consequences of climate change. (With inputs from agencies)

Climate crisis: Heat-related deaths might rise 370% by 2050s, claims study

If the coronavirus pandemic wasn’t enough to instil fear in the minds of the public about how catastrophic a virus can be, scientists have now warned about a deadly pathogen ‘Factor X’ that is lurking in the Earth’s permafrost waiting to be unleashed.

"Permafrost" describes earth that has been frozen for two or more consecutive years. Two years is a minimum, and some areas in Siberia have been frozen for over 650,000.

Experts say that global warming is speeding up the glacier ice melt in the polar regions which is host to primordial viruses that have been lying dormant for thousands of years.

In the last five decades, the Arctic region has been heating up to four times faster than the rest of the world, causing permafrost temperatures to rise by roughly minus 17 degrees Celsius per decade.

<h2>Global warming could unleash viruses&nbsp;</h2>

Experts have warned that these viruses could trigger the release of extinct diseases such as smallpox or pathogens that once wreaked havoc among our ancestors.

"There is a Factor X that we really don't know very much about," Sweden’s Umeå University infectious disease specialist Birgitta Evengård&nbsp;told Newsweek.

“Deep down in the permafrost, there must be microbes – especially viruses but also bacteria – that were on Earth long before Homo sapiens existed.”

"There is a lot we don't know, and what very few people have looked into is the permafrost," Evengård added.

The concerns about ancient virus resurfacing were first raised when a group of French and Russian researchers reactivated a giant virus in 2014 that had laid dormant under the Siberian permafrost for 30,000 years

<h2>Scientists note 6 pathogens that can be resurrected&nbsp;</h2>

This virus, which has been named a pandoravirus, infects only amoeba. Though it does not pose a threat to humans, the study cites that such occurrences might happen in the future.

"If amoeba viruses can survive that long in permafrost, this strongly suggests that animal/human-infecting ones could remain infectious in the same condition," Jean-Michel Claverie, who led the study, told Newsweek.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-pooh-pooh-claims-that-extinct-ancient-human-homo-naledi-buried-its-dead-658437">Scientists pooh-pooh claims that extinct ancient human 'Homo naledi' buried its dead</a>

"In addition, we know that the DNA [of animal/human-infecting viruses] are detected in permafrost."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/alien-hunting-physicist-claims-ufo-as-source-of-explosive-sound-heard-in-new-england-658458">Alien-hunting physicist claims 'UFO' as source of explosive sound heard in New England</a>

Other research has shown that even microscopic animals can be resurrected from the permafrost.

Scientists have highlighted&nbsp;six frozen pathogens they believe pose the biggest threat to humanity.

(With inputs from agencies)

If the coronavirus pandemic wasn’t enough to instil fear in the minds of the public about how catastrophic a virus can be, scientists have now warned about a deadly pathogen ‘Factor X’ that is lurking in the Earth’s permafrost waiting to be unleashed.

If the coronavirus pandemic wasn’t enough to instil fear in the minds of the public about how catastrophic a virus can be, scientists have now warned about a deadly pathogen ‘Factor X’ that is lurking in the Earth’s permafrost waiting to be unleashed. "Permafrost" describes earth that has been frozen for two or more consecutive years. Two years is a minimum, and some areas in Siberia have been frozen for over 650,000. Experts say that global warming is speeding up the glacier ice melt in the polar regions which is host to primordial viruses that have been lying dormant for thousands of years. In the last five decades, the Arctic region has been heating up to four times faster than the rest of the world, causing permafrost temperatures to rise by roughly minus 17 degrees Celsius per decade. Global warming could unleash viruses Experts have warned that these viruses could trigger the release of extinct diseases such as smallpox or pathogens that once wreaked havoc among our ancestors. "There is a Factor X that we really don't know very much about," Sweden’s Umeå University infectious disease specialist Birgitta Evengård told Newsweek. “Deep down in the permafrost, there must be microbes – especially viruses but also bacteria – that were on Earth long before Homo sapiens existed.” "There is a lot we don't know, and what very few people have looked into is the permafrost," Evengård added. The concerns about ancient virus resurfacing were first raised when a group of French and Russian researchers reactivated a giant virus in 2014 that had laid dormant under the Siberian permafrost for 30,000 years Scientists note 6 pathogens that can be resurrected This virus, which has been named a pandoravirus, infects only amoeba. Though it does not pose a threat to humans, the study cites that such occurrences might happen in the future. "If amoeba viruses can survive that long in permafrost, this strongly suggests that animal/human-infecting ones could remain infectious in the same condition," Jean-Michel Claverie, who led the study, told Newsweek. Also read | Scientists pooh-pooh claims that extinct ancient human 'Homo naledi' buried its dead "In addition, we know that the DNA [of animal/human-infecting viruses] are detected in permafrost." Also read | Alien-hunting physicist claims 'UFO' as source of explosive sound heard in New England Other research has shown that even microscopic animals can be resurrected from the permafrost. Scientists have highlighted six frozen pathogens they believe pose the biggest threat to humanity. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists warn catastrophic ‘Factor X’ virus waiting to be unleashed, might wipe out humanity

Scientists from University of Copenhagen said on Friday (November 10) that global warming has increased the speed of melting of Greenland glaciers fivefold in last 20 years. Greenland's ice cover is closely monitored because these ancient ice sheets contain so much water that if they were to melt completely, sea levels would rise by at least 20 feet.

Anders Anker Bjork, who is assistant professor at the department of geosciences and natural resource management at the University of Copenhagen, told Reuters that the rate of melting of ice has entered a new phase in past 20 years. The conclusion was arrived at after a study of a thousand glaciers in the area. &nbsp;

"There is a very clear correlation between the temperature we experience on the planet and the changes we observe in how rapidly the glaciers are melting," Bjork said.

The scientists studied the development of the glaciers over the past 130 years with the help of satellite imagery and 200,000 old photos.

Also Read | Mission Sustainability: China war on air pollution may be causing more global warming

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Global warming has already taken average global temperatures 1.2 degrees Celsius above that in pre-industrial years. Scientists from the European Union have said earlier this month that 2023 is "virtually certain" to be the warmest in 125,000 years.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/daily-strawberry-consumption-linked-with-memory-retention-reduced-dementia-risk-657207">Daily strawberry consumption linked with memory retention, reduced dementia risk</a>

If we truly want to lower the global temperature, it will take a global push to limit and even minimise greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, said Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Director of the Climate Institute at Aarhus University.

"I believe we can prepare for those glaciers to continue to melt at increasing speeds," Olesen said.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-tracks-an-aeroplane-sized-asteroid-hurtling-towards-earth-657080">NASA tracks an aeroplane-sized asteroid hurtling towards Earth</a>

In order to study effects on climate change on Greenland's ice sheet, glaciers here are often studied as an indicator.

"If we start to see glaciers losing mass several times faster than in the last century, it can make us expect that the ice sheet will follow the same path just on a slower and longer time scale," William Colgan, senior researcher at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) said.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists from University of Copenhagen said on Friday (November 10) that global warming has increased the speed of melting of Greenland glaciers fivefold in last 20 years.

Scientists from University of Copenhagen said on Friday (November 10) that global warming has increased the speed of melting of Greenland glaciers fivefold in last 20 years. Greenland's ice cover is closely monitored because these ancient ice sheets contain so much water that if they were to melt completely, sea levels would rise by at least 20 feet. Anders Anker Bjork, who is assistant professor at the department of geosciences and natural resource management at the University of Copenhagen, told Reuters that the rate of melting of ice has entered a new phase in past 20 years. The conclusion was arrived at after a study of a thousand glaciers in the area. "There is a very clear correlation between the temperature we experience on the planet and the changes we observe in how rapidly the glaciers are melting," Bjork said. The scientists studied the development of the glaciers over the past 130 years with the help of satellite imagery and 200,000 old photos. Also Read | Mission Sustainability: China war on air pollution may be causing more global warming × Global warming has already taken average global temperatures 1.2 degrees Celsius above that in pre-industrial years. Scientists from the European Union have said earlier this month that 2023 is "virtually certain" to be the warmest in 125,000 years. Also Read | Daily strawberry consumption linked with memory retention, reduced dementia risk If we truly want to lower the global temperature, it will take a global push to limit and even minimise greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, said Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Director of the Climate Institute at Aarhus University. "I believe we can prepare for those glaciers to continue to melt at increasing speeds," Olesen said. Also Read | NASA tracks an aeroplane-sized asteroid hurtling towards Earth In order to study effects on climate change on Greenland's ice sheet, glaciers here are often studied as an indicator. "If we start to see glaciers losing mass several times faster than in the last century, it can make us expect that the ice sheet will follow the same path just on a slower and longer time scale," William Colgan, senior researcher at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) said. (With inputs from agencies)

Global warming has upped Greenland glacier melting five-folds in 20 years

Global fossil fuel production in the next seven years will be more than double the levels pushing the world far beyond the climate goals, including the 1.5 degree Celsius target, set under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, said the United Nations and researchers, on Wednesday (Nov 8).&nbsp;

The UN Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Production Gap report comes ahead of the COP28 climate conference which will take place later this month, where the future of fossil fuels is set to be a key point of discussion.&nbsp;

<h2>What did the UNEP report find?</h2>

The report assesses the gap in fossil fuel production cuts and what’s needed to meet climate goals. “Fossil fuel phase out is one of the pivotal issues that will be negotiated at COP 28,” said Ploy Achakulwisut, Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) scientist and a lead author of the report said in a press briefing.&nbsp;

She added, “We need countries to commit to a phase out of all fossil fuels to keep the 1.5C goal alive.” Leaders from across the world are set to convene for the global COP 28 climate meeting starting November 30, in the oil-rich nation of United Arab Emirates (UAE).&nbsp;

Under the Paris climate deal, nations have committed to a long-term goal of limiting average global temperature to less than two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and even try to limit them further to 1.5 degrees Celsius.&nbsp;

However, the report analysed 20 major fossil fuel producers and found they plan to produce a total of 110 per cent more fossil fuels than what would be consistent with limiting the degree of warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and 69 per cent more than would be consistent with two degree Celsius.&nbsp;

The report also noted that none of the 20 countries – which account for 82 per cent of production and 73 per cent of consumption of the world’s fossil fuel supply – have committed to reducing coal, oil, and gas production in line with limiting the warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.&nbsp;

This comes as burning fossil fuel has been attributed as the main cause of climate change as it accounts for most of the planet-heating carbon pollution driving global warming.&nbsp;

<h2>Calls for unity ahead of COP28</h2>

“Governments’ plans to expand fossil fuel production are undermining the energy transition needed to achieve net-zero emissions, throwing humanity’s future into question,” said UNEP Executive Director, Inger Andersen.&nbsp;

She also called for nations to “unite behind a managed and equitable phase-out of coal, oil and gas – to ease the turbulence ahead and benefit every person on this planet.” The countries analysed include Australia, China, Norway, Qatar, Britain, the UAE and the United States.

Out of the 20 countries, 17 have pledged to reach net zero emissions but continue to promote subsidies, support and plan the expansion of fossil fuel production, said the report.&nbsp;

In fact, the US which aims to reach net zero emissions by 2050 has accelerated domestic production of oil and gas since the Russian invasion of Ukraine.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Global fossil fuel production in the next seven years will be more than double the levels pushing the world far beyond the climate goals, including the 1.5 degree Celsius target, set under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, said the United Nations and researchers, on Wednesday (Nov 8).

Global fossil fuel production in the next seven years will be more than double the levels pushing the world far beyond the climate goals, including the 1.5 degree Celsius target, set under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, said the United Nations and researchers, on Wednesday (Nov 8). The UN Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Production Gap report comes ahead of the COP28 climate conference which will take place later this month, where the future of fossil fuels is set to be a key point of discussion. What did the UNEP report find? The report assesses the gap in fossil fuel production cuts and what’s needed to meet climate goals. “Fossil fuel phase out is one of the pivotal issues that will be negotiated at COP 28,” said Ploy Achakulwisut, Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) scientist and a lead author of the report said in a press briefing. She added, “We need countries to commit to a phase out of all fossil fuels to keep the 1.5C goal alive.” Leaders from across the world are set to convene for the global COP 28 climate meeting starting November 30, in the oil-rich nation of United Arab Emirates (UAE). Under the Paris climate deal, nations have committed to a long-term goal of limiting average global temperature to less than two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and even try to limit them further to 1.5 degrees Celsius. However, the report analysed 20 major fossil fuel producers and found they plan to produce a total of 110 per cent more fossil fuels than what would be consistent with limiting the degree of warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and 69 per cent more than would be consistent with two degree Celsius. The report also noted that none of the 20 countries – which account for 82 per cent of production and 73 per cent of consumption of the world’s fossil fuel supply – have committed to reducing coal, oil, and gas production in line with limiting the warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. This comes as burning fossil fuel has been attributed as the main cause of climate change as it accounts for most of the planet-heating carbon pollution driving global warming. Calls for unity ahead of COP28 “Governments’ plans to expand fossil fuel production are undermining the energy transition needed to achieve net-zero emissions, throwing humanity’s future into question,” said UNEP Executive Director, Inger Andersen. She also called for nations to “unite behind a managed and equitable phase-out of coal, oil and gas – to ease the turbulence ahead and benefit every person on this planet.” The countries analysed include Australia, China, Norway, Qatar, Britain, the UAE and the United States. Out of the 20 countries, 17 have pledged to reach net zero emissions but continue to promote subsidies, support and plan the expansion of fossil fuel production, said the report. In fact, the US which aims to reach net zero emissions by 2050 has accelerated domestic production of oil and gas since the Russian invasion of Ukraine. (With inputs from agencies)

Global fossil fuel production plans threaten 1.5 degree Celsius warming threshold: UN report

New data suggests that 2023 is on track to become the "virtually certain" warmest year on record, marked&nbsp;by deadly heatwaves, floods, and fires. This prediction follows a series of exceptional high temperatures throughout the year, reported the BBC.

In October, global average temperatures reached a significant level, exceeding the previous record set in October 2019 by 0.4 degrees Celsius.

These high&nbsp;temperatures were driven by both carbon emissions and the influence of the El Niño weather phenomenon, marking the fifth consecutive month of record warmth.

As 2023 progresses, there is a worrisome trend of extreme global temperatures, which is expected to continue into 2024.

This year has already witnessed an increase in days surpassing the politically significant 1.5-degree Celsius warming threshold.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-reveals-22bn-people-in-india-pak-to-face-deadly-heat-if-global-temperatures-rise-by-2-degrees-celsius-644880">Also read |&nbsp;India, Pak, China to face heat-induced health issues due to rising temperatures by end of century</a>

<h2>What does it mean for climate and humanity?</h2>

The record-breaking heat is primarily attributed to ongoing carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels.

In addition, the influence of the El Niño event, which releases extra heat into the atmosphere, has further intensified the rise in temperatures.

This particular El Niño has exhibited unusual characteristics and is contributing to the rapid temperature increase.

Also watch |&nbsp;Canadian wildfire smoke covers Nuuk | WION Climate Tracker

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The escalation of global temperatures is not limited to scientific records but is also associated with real-world consequences.

Extreme heatwaves and droughts, exacerbated by the high temperatures, have led to human suffering, causing deaths, displacement, and livelihood losses.

The alarming rise in temperatures comes just ahead of the United Nations' COP28 summit, which begins on November 30.&nbsp;

<h2>October temperature off the charts globally?</h2>

In October, temperatures significantly exceeded the average globally.

The UK experienced temperatures about 1 degree Celsius above normal, with southern England being the warmest at 1.7 degrees Celsius above average.

Italy recorded temperatures over 3 degrees Celsius higher than usual, coinciding with severe flooding in parts of the country.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/data-lab-india-feels-the-heat-what-happens-if-the-current-warming-trend-continues-600497">Also read |&nbsp;Data Lab | India feels the heat: What happens if the current heatwave trend continues?</a>

El Niño-related droughts affected the Panama Canal, leading to its driest October since 1950. Parts of the Middle East faced drought conditions, while East Africa experienced deadly floods.

High temperatures have continued into November, with Japan breaking numerous heat records.

In Europe, some regions saw temperatures exceeding 35 degrees Celsius in November, a first for this time of the year.

(With inputs from agencies)

&nbsp;

New data suggests that 2023 is on track to become the "virtually certain" warmest year on record, marked by deadly heatwaves, floods, and fires. This prediction follows a series of exceptional high temperatures throughout the year, reported the BBC.

New data suggests that 2023 is on track to become the "virtually certain" warmest year on record, marked by deadly heatwaves, floods, and fires. This prediction follows a series of exceptional high temperatures throughout the year, reported the BBC. In October, global average temperatures reached a significant level, exceeding the previous record set in October 2019 by 0.4 degrees Celsius. These high temperatures were driven by both carbon emissions and the influence of the El Niño weather phenomenon, marking the fifth consecutive month of record warmth. As 2023 progresses, there is a worrisome trend of extreme global temperatures, which is expected to continue into 2024. This year has already witnessed an increase in days surpassing the politically significant 1.5-degree Celsius warming threshold. Also read | India, Pak, China to face heat-induced health issues due to rising temperatures by end of century What does it mean for climate and humanity? The record-breaking heat is primarily attributed to ongoing carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels. In addition, the influence of the El Niño event, which releases extra heat into the atmosphere, has further intensified the rise in temperatures. This particular El Niño has exhibited unusual characteristics and is contributing to the rapid temperature increase. Also watch | Canadian wildfire smoke covers Nuuk | WION Climate Tracker The escalation of global temperatures is not limited to scientific records but is also associated with real-world consequences. Extreme heatwaves and droughts, exacerbated by the high temperatures, have led to human suffering, causing deaths, displacement, and livelihood losses. The alarming rise in temperatures comes just ahead of the United Nations' COP28 summit, which begins on November 30. October temperature off the charts globally? In October, temperatures significantly exceeded the average globally. The UK experienced temperatures about 1 degree Celsius above normal, with southern England being the warmest at 1.7 degrees Celsius above average. Italy recorded temperatures over 3 degrees Celsius higher than usual, coinciding with severe flooding in parts of the country. Also read | Data Lab | India feels the heat: What happens if the current heatwave trend continues? El Niño-related droughts affected the Panama Canal, leading to its driest October since 1950. Parts of the Middle East faced drought conditions, while East Africa experienced deadly floods. High temperatures have continued into November, with Japan breaking numerous heat records. In Europe, some regions saw temperatures exceeding 35 degrees Celsius in November, a first for this time of the year. (With inputs from agencies)

Is 2023 set to become the hottest year following October record?

The ice shelves of Greenland have seen a disappearance of more than a third in their volume since 1978, stated the researchers. 
 
The disintegration of the ice shelves has been accelerated because of warm ocean waters which have melted them from beneath and increased their chances of collapsing. 
 
Among the eight ice shelves which supported the vast glaciers of North Greenland, three have completely collapsed, while the five which remain have been retreating rapidly. 
 
Scientists have said that with the warming of the ocean, the ice shelves will continuously retreat and will have threatening consequences for global sea levels.

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As per experts from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), if these ice shelves entirely disappear, they can release enough water to increase global sea levels by 6.8ft (2.1m). 
 
Speaking to CNN, the author of the study and a glaciologist at the Grenoble Alpes University in France Romain Millan said, “These glaciers are among the most important of the ice sheet. They are the largest glaciers of Greenland.” 
 
He stated that the glaciers in Greenland's different parts began to lose mass in the 1980s and 1990s, and so far those present in northern Greenland “have remained relatively stable.” As per the study, this, however, does not appear to be the case any longer.

<h2>Greenland overall lost 25 per cent of the ice sheet: Study</h2>

Thousands of satellite images, as well as measurements from the field and climate models, were used by Millan and his co-authors to get a better understanding of the historical and current changes being observed in the ice shelves.

Watch |&nbsp;Climate change no longer a distant threat, it's a stark reality

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In the study, the scientists discovered a “substantial and widespread” increase in ice shelf disappearances. 
 
The researchers, headed by Romain Millan, wrote in Nature Communications, “Overall, 25 per cent of the ice sheet area is drained through former or remaining ice shelves, which represents a sea level rise equivalent of 2.1 m.” 
 
“If the glaciers located in North Greenland lose the buttressing provided by ice shelves, the increase in discharge could rival the largest contributors to Greenland ice mass loss,” they added. 
 
Since 1978, there has been a decrease of more than 35 per cent in the total volume of ice shelves which support the glaciers of northern Greenland, as per the study. 
 
“We can see that the ice shelves are weakening and that’s new key information that we didn’t know, because we thought that this part of Greenland was really stable,” Millan said.

(With inputs from agencies)

The ice shelves of Greenland have seen a disappearance of more than a third in their volume since 1978, stated the researchers. The disintegration of the ice shelves has been accelerated because of warm ocean waters which have melted them from beneath and increased their chances of collapsing.

The ice shelves of Greenland have seen a disappearance of more than a third in their volume since 1978, stated the researchers. The disintegration of the ice shelves has been accelerated because of warm ocean waters which have melted them from beneath and increased their chances of collapsing. Among the eight ice shelves which supported the vast glaciers of North Greenland, three have completely collapsed, while the five which remain have been retreating rapidly. Scientists have said that with the warming of the ocean, the ice shelves will continuously retreat and will have threatening consequences for global sea levels. ALSO READ | Luxury cruise ship remains grounded in Greenland with help days away As per experts from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), if these ice shelves entirely disappear, they can release enough water to increase global sea levels by 6.8ft (2.1m). Speaking to CNN, the author of the study and a glaciologist at the Grenoble Alpes University in France Romain Millan said, “These glaciers are among the most important of the ice sheet. They are the largest glaciers of Greenland.” He stated that the glaciers in Greenland's different parts began to lose mass in the 1980s and 1990s, and so far those present in northern Greenland “have remained relatively stable.” As per the study, this, however, does not appear to be the case any longer. Greenland overall lost 25 per cent of the ice sheet: Study Thousands of satellite images, as well as measurements from the field and climate models, were used by Millan and his co-authors to get a better understanding of the historical and current changes being observed in the ice shelves. Watch | Climate change no longer a distant threat, it's a stark reality In the study, the scientists discovered a “substantial and widespread” increase in ice shelf disappearances. The researchers, headed by Romain Millan, wrote in Nature Communications, “Overall, 25 per cent of the ice sheet area is drained through former or remaining ice shelves, which represents a sea level rise equivalent of 2.1 m.” “If the glaciers located in North Greenland lose the buttressing provided by ice shelves, the increase in discharge could rival the largest contributors to Greenland ice mass loss,” they added. Since 1978, there has been a decrease of more than 35 per cent in the total volume of ice shelves which support the glaciers of northern Greenland, as per the study. “We can see that the ice shelves are weakening and that’s new key information that we didn’t know, because we thought that this part of Greenland was really stable,” Millan said. (With inputs from agencies)

Three of eight ice shelves in Greenland have collapsed. It now only has five

Earth is on the cusp of exceeding an internationally agreed-upon point for global warming, according to researchers. According to the study published on Monday in Nature Climate Change journal, if greenhouse gases continue to increase at the current rate, Earth's temperature might surpass the ideal threshold, causing disastrous consequences in several regions worldwide.

Earth is on the cusp of exceeding an internationally agreed-upon point for global warming, according to researchers. According to the study published on Monday in Nature Climate Change journal, if greenhouse gases continue to increase at the current rate, Earth's temperature might surpass the ideal threshold, causing disastrous consequences in several regions worldwide. In 2015, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change created the Paris Agreement, an international treaty signed by several countries to mitigate climate change, establishing a 1.5 degrees Celsius global mean temperature rise above pre-industrial levels as the long-term warming limit. In 2021, the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) determined a carbon budget of 500 billion metric tonnes would keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius until mid-2032. But, according to the study, if carbon dioxide emissions remain at the current levels, the remaining carbon budget will be exhausted by early 2029. The most recent analysis brings the threshold of 1.5 degrees Celsius three years closer. ALSO READ | A gene adapted from archaic hominins may increase mental health risk in modern humans, says study Researchers say surpassing the 1.5 degrees Celsius benchmark increases the risk of warming-related catastrophes. In 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted that global warming would threaten coral reefs, melt Antarctic ice sheets, increase sea levels, make the ocean more acidic and negatively impact crops. Rob Jackson, a professor of Earth System Science at Stanford University, told ABC News, "The world will blow past 1.5 degrees Celsius well before today's kindergarteners finish school." Once the Earth passes the 1.5 degrees Celsius benchmark, the next countdown would be two degrees Celsius of warming, likely to be reached in the 2040s, says the study. It also mentioned that a half-degree rise in warming can lead to even more catastrophic climate-related situations. If the global mean temperature increases to three degrees Celsius, many places will become unliveable. Although climate researchers have not predicted a specific time for the surpassing, they have mentioned the intensity of the disastrous impacts it can cause. While droughts will worsen and last longer, hurricanes will increase in ocean waters. Wildfires will become more common due to the hot climates and drying landscapes. Furthermore, melting ice sheets will flood populated coastal regions. Extreme weather events in recent years are some consequences of climate change due to global warming. According to a report by the World Meteorological Organization, published in October 2023, global water cycles have become erratic due to warming temperatures. Sea levels continue to rise, and glaciers are rapidly melting. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold

Global warming and climate change are words that almost everyone knows about now. That we should take major steps to slow the trend is also known. But now a notable climate scientist has said that experts may be underestimating how fast global warming is taking place. James Hansen, a prominent climate scientist has said that the average temperature on Earth will rise by 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the year 2050.&nbsp;

This level of increase is more than what's estimated by groups such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC. The estimates by the IPCC are generally considered the gold standard for climate forecasts.

In his new study, Hansen has said that the revised prediction is due to earlier underestimations of the effect greenhouse gases have on the atmosphere as well as the effects of aerosols which mask some of the global warming.

Watch | Mission Sustainability: China war on air pollution may be causing more global warming

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The effect of aerosols on the climate system is well known.

NASA has previously said, "If not for aerosol pollution, Earth would be even warmer than it already is".

USA Today quoted Hansen who said that greenhouse gases and air pollution are something the climate is "more sensitive" towards.

<h2>Why is a 2-degree rise problematic?</h2>

A "2-degree rise in global temperatures is considered a critical threshold above which dangerous and cascading effects of human-generated climate change will occur," says NASA.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-is-what-earth-will-look-like-if-it-surpasses-the-climate-threshold-and-it-will-happen-soon-654355">New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold</a>

In their paper, Hansen and his co-authors have said that as the world moves towards the 2-degree threshold, the "impacts on people and nature will accelerate".

The study, as reported by USA Today, has used improved paleoclimate data to say that Earth's climate "is more sensitive than usually assumed" to carbon dioxide and aerosols.

The authors of the study say that much of the warming in the last century has been offset and balanced by human-made aerosols, which have cooling effects.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-gene-adapted-from-archaic-hominins-may-increase-mental-health-risk-in-modern-humans-says-study-654304">We can now blame our ancestors for our mental health issues, as per new study</a>

However, aerosols in the atmosphere have declined since the year 2010 because of reduced air pollution in China as well as restrictions on aerosols from ships.

"This aerosol reduction is good for human health, as particulate air pollution kills several million people per year and adversely affects the health of many more people," Hansen said. "However, aerosol reduction is now beginning to unmask greenhouse gas warming that aerosol cooling hid."

He was quoted by USA Today.

(With inputs from agencies)

Global warming and climate change are words that almost everyone knows about now. That we should take major steps to slow the trend is also known. But now a notable climate scientist has said that experts may be underestimating how fast global warming is taking place.

Global warming and climate change are words that almost everyone knows about now. That we should take major steps to slow the trend is also known. But now a notable climate scientist has said that experts may be underestimating how fast global warming is taking place. James Hansen, a prominent climate scientist has said that the average temperature on Earth will rise by 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the year 2050. This level of increase is more than what's estimated by groups such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC. The estimates by the IPCC are generally considered the gold standard for climate forecasts. In his new study, Hansen has said that the revised prediction is due to earlier underestimations of the effect greenhouse gases have on the atmosphere as well as the effects of aerosols which mask some of the global warming. Watch | Mission Sustainability: China war on air pollution may be causing more global warming × The effect of aerosols on the climate system is well known. NASA has previously said, "If not for aerosol pollution, Earth would be even warmer than it already is". USA Today quoted Hansen who said that greenhouse gases and air pollution are something the climate is "more sensitive" towards. Why is a 2-degree rise problematic? A "2-degree rise in global temperatures is considered a critical threshold above which dangerous and cascading effects of human-generated climate change will occur," says NASA. Also Read | New study paints a scary scenario for when Earth passes the 1.5 degree threshold In their paper, Hansen and his co-authors have said that as the world moves towards the 2-degree threshold, the "impacts on people and nature will accelerate". The study, as reported by USA Today, has used improved paleoclimate data to say that Earth's climate "is more sensitive than usually assumed" to carbon dioxide and aerosols. The authors of the study say that much of the warming in the last century has been offset and balanced by human-made aerosols, which have cooling effects. Also Read | We can now blame our ancestors for our mental health issues, as per new study However, aerosols in the atmosphere have declined since the year 2010 because of reduced air pollution in China as well as restrictions on aerosols from ships. "This aerosol reduction is good for human health, as particulate air pollution kills several million people per year and adversely affects the health of many more people," Hansen said. "However, aerosol reduction is now beginning to unmask greenhouse gas warming that aerosol cooling hid." He was quoted by USA Today. (With inputs from agencies)

Experts may be underestimating speed of global warming, says scientist

An ancient river landscape has been revealed due to global warming. It was preserved underneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet for millions of years.&nbsp;

A new study, published on Tuesday (Oct 24) in Nature Communications, has unveiled that the landscape is bigger than Belgium.&nbsp;

The study further states that the land space has remained untouched for potentially more than 34 million years.&nbsp;

However, the British and American researchers have warned that human-led global warming could threaten to expose it.&nbsp;

Stewart Jamieson, a glaciologist at the UK's Durham University and the lead author of the study, told news agency AFP: "It is an undiscovered landscape - no one's laid eyes on it."&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/supercomputer-simulations-unveils-new-mysteries-of-universe-651119">Scientists have created an 'identical twin' universe using the biggest supercomputer</a>&nbsp;

"What is exciting is that it's been hiding there in plain sight," Jamieson added. He said that the researchers had not used new data, only a new approach.&nbsp;

Jamieson said that the land underneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet is less well-known than the surface of Mars.&nbsp;

He said that the main way to "see" beneath it is by using the radio-echo-sounding technique, which means sending radio waves from overhead into the ice and analysing the echoes.&nbsp;

However,&nbsp;this comes with a challenge as doing this across the continent would pose a massive challenge as Antarctica is bigger than Europe.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/californias-supervolcano-shows-signs-of-activity-over-2000-earthquakes-rumble-beneath-valley-650724">California's supervolcano shows signs of activity, over 2,000 earthquakes rumble beneath valley</a>

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This graphic was published by&nbsp;Nature Communications.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Alaska Air pilot in aborted flight said he used 'magic' mushrooms, documents show

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Jamieson said that the researchers then used existing satellite images of the surface to "trace out the valleys and ridges" more than two kilometres below.&nbsp;

He added that the undulating ice surface is a "ghost image" that drapes gently over these spikier features.&nbsp;

An image emerged of a river-carved landscape of plunging valleys and sharply peaked hills when they combined with radio-echo-sounding data. It was similar to some currently on the Earth's surface.&nbsp;

Jamieson said that it was like looking out the window of a long-haul flight and seeing a mountainous region below. He said that the area was once home to trees, forests and probably animals, but then it got "frozen in time" after the ice came along.&nbsp;

The researchers are not sure when sunshine last touched this hidden world, but they assume that it has been at least 14 million years.&nbsp;

An ancient river landscape has been revealed due to global warming. It was preserved underneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet for millions of years. A new study, published on Tuesday (Oct 24) in Nature Communications, has unveiled that the landscape is bigger than Belgium.

An ancient river landscape has been revealed due to global warming. It was preserved underneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet for millions of years. A new study, published on Tuesday (Oct 24) in Nature Communications, has unveiled that the landscape is bigger than Belgium. The study further states that the land space has remained untouched for potentially more than 34 million years. However, the British and American researchers have warned that human-led global warming could threaten to expose it. Stewart Jamieson, a glaciologist at the UK's Durham University and the lead author of the study, told news agency AFP: "It is an undiscovered landscape - no one's laid eyes on it." Also read: Scientists have created an 'identical twin' universe using the biggest supercomputer "What is exciting is that it's been hiding there in plain sight," Jamieson added. He said that the researchers had not used new data, only a new approach. Jamieson said that the land underneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet is less well-known than the surface of Mars. He said that the main way to "see" beneath it is by using the radio-echo-sounding technique, which means sending radio waves from overhead into the ice and analysing the echoes. However, this comes with a challenge as doing this across the continent would pose a massive challenge as Antarctica is bigger than Europe. Also read: California's supervolcano shows signs of activity, over 2,000 earthquakes rumble beneath valley This graphic was published by Nature Communications. Watch: Alaska Air pilot in aborted flight said he used 'magic' mushrooms, documents show × Jamieson said that the researchers then used existing satellite images of the surface to "trace out the valleys and ridges" more than two kilometres below. He added that the undulating ice surface is a "ghost image" that drapes gently over these spikier features. An image emerged of a river-carved landscape of plunging valleys and sharply peaked hills when they combined with radio-echo-sounding data. It was similar to some currently on the Earth's surface. Jamieson said that it was like looking out the window of a long-haul flight and seeing a mountainous region below. He said that the area was once home to trees, forests and probably animals, but then it got "frozen in time" after the ice came along. The researchers are not sure when sunshine last touched this hidden world, but they assume that it has been at least 14 million years.

This river landscape was 'frozen in time', hidden for millions of years, till global warming revealed it

A new report has shown that 98 per cent of Earth's population experienced higher temperatures from June to August. This was caused by effects of Global Warming made more than twice likely by greenhouse gases caused by human activities. The peer-reviewed research was reported by Euronews. The research was reportedly published last week.

This year, the summer in northern hemisphere was hottest on record. July was the hottest month ever-recorded and average temperatures in August were 1.5 degrees Celsius more than those in pre-industrial levels. The year was also witness to widespread wildfires especially in North America and Europe.

Watch | Switzerland Parliamentary Elections: 36% of voters say climate change a big election issue

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Euronews reported that the study has been carried out by Climate Central, a US-based research group. The study involved a look at temnperatures in 180 countries and 22 territories. It was found that 98 per cent of the world population was exposed to high-temperatures which were made at least twice more likely by carbon dioxide emissions.

"Virtually no one on Earth escaped the influence of global warming during the past three months," said Andrew Pershing, Climate Central's vice president for science.

"In every country we could analyse, including the southern hemisphere, where this is the coolest time of year, we saw temperatures that would be difficult - and in some cases nearly impossible - without human-caused climate change," he said.

Pershing was quoted by Euronews.

<h2>Without climate change, heatwaves 'would not have occurred'</h2>

Climate Central assessed if heat events became more likely due to climate change by making comparison between observed temperature and those gerenated by computer model which remove influence of greenhouse gases.

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The researchers have observed that heatwaves in North America and Europe would not have occurred had there been no climate change.

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"We have looked at isolated heatwaves," said Friederike Otto, a climate scientist at the Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment.

"We have looked at isolated heatwaves," she said, as quoted by Euronews.

"They have not been made five times more likely. They have been made infinitely more likely because they would not have occurred without climate change."

You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us <a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.

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A new report has shown that 98 per cent of Earth's population experienced higher temperatures from June to August. This was caused by effects of Global Warming made more than twice likely by greenhouse gases caused by human activities.

A new report has shown that 98 per cent of Earth's population experienced higher temperatures from June to August. This was caused by effects of Global Warming made more than twice likely by greenhouse gases caused by human activities. The peer-reviewed research was reported by Euronews. The research was reportedly published last week. This year, the summer in northern hemisphere was hottest on record. July was the hottest month ever-recorded and average temperatures in August were 1.5 degrees Celsius more than those in pre-industrial levels. The year was also witness to widespread wildfires especially in North America and Europe. Watch | Switzerland Parliamentary Elections: 36% of voters say climate change a big election issue × Euronews reported that the study has been carried out by Climate Central, a US-based research group. The study involved a look at temnperatures in 180 countries and 22 territories. It was found that 98 per cent of the world population was exposed to high-temperatures which were made at least twice more likely by carbon dioxide emissions. "Virtually no one on Earth escaped the influence of global warming during the past three months," said Andrew Pershing, Climate Central's vice president for science. "In every country we could analyse, including the southern hemisphere, where this is the coolest time of year, we saw temperatures that would be difficult - and in some cases nearly impossible - without human-caused climate change," he said. Pershing was quoted by Euronews. Without climate change, heatwaves 'would not have occurred' Climate Central assessed if heat events became more likely due to climate change by making comparison between observed temperature and those gerenated by computer model which remove influence of greenhouse gases. Also Read | Will 'Devil Comet' hurtling towards Earth bring devastation? Here's what scientists suggest The researchers have observed that heatwaves in North America and Europe would not have occurred had there been no climate change. Also Read | Is Earth's core 'leaking'? Scientists discover mystery elements in 62mn-year-old lava "We have looked at isolated heatwaves," said Friederike Otto, a climate scientist at the Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment. "We have looked at isolated heatwaves," she said, as quoted by Euronews. "They have not been made five times more likely. They have been made infinitely more likely because they would not have occurred without climate change." You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Study finds 98 per cent population in world experienced effects of global warming

By the end of this century, climate change could lead to extreme global warming and trigger health problems such as heart attacks and heat strokes in populous countries including India, China and Pakistan, a study has said.

The study published on Monday (Oct 9) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that a significant portion of the world's population will be vulnerable to "moist heat stress" with some devastating consequences on human health if the temperatures rise above 2 degrees Celsius of warming. Notably,&nbsp;till now,&nbsp;the world has&nbsp;warmed around 1.2 degrees Celsius.

<p data-analytics-observe="off" data-article-gutter="true" data-component-name="paragraph" data-editable="text" data-uri="cms.cnn.com/_components/paragraph/instances/paragraph_CDA60C30-62A5-1D52-35BB-1562094904E6@published">Matthew Huber, co-author of the study and a professor of Earth’s atmospheric and planetary sciences at Purdue University said, "Moist heat stress is a particularly challenging problem, because it affects the human body directly, and causes morbidity and mortality."&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/climate-change-is-costing-us-usd-16-million-per-hour-study-644591">Also read |&nbsp;Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour: Study</a>

There is a certain threshold combination of heat and humidity that humans can bear, beyond which it causes heat-related health problems such as heat strokes and heart attacks.&nbsp;

The study projected that if the temperatures rise above 2 degrees of warming, then a projected population of 2.2 billion people in Pakistan and the Indus River Valley in India, 1 billion people in China and 800 million people in sub-Saharan Africa will experience hours of heat that will surpass human tolerance by the end of the century.

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(Image Credit: PNAS)

In India, the cities that would bear the brunt of this annual heat as per the end-of-century projections for include New Delhi and Kolkata. Globally, cities like Multan and Shanghai will also experience extreme heat conditions.&nbsp;

If global warming continues to go 3 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial levels&nbsp;by 2100 with no actions&nbsp;taken, then there will be a sharp increase in the number of people exposed to life-threatening heat and humidity.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/humanitys-next-big-catastrophe-could-lie-in-the-sun-predict-scientists-644862">Humanity's next big 'catastrophe' could lie in the Sun, predict scientists</a>

Huber&nbsp;said, "The worst heat stress will occur in regions that are not wealthy and that are expected to experience rapid population growth in the coming decades."

He added, "This is true despite the fact that these nations generate far fewer greenhouse gas emissions than wealthy nations. As a result, billions of poor people will suffer, and many could die. But wealthy nations will suffer from this heat as well, and in this interconnected world, everyone can expect to be negatively affected in some way."

The experts said that in order to stop the temperatures from increasing, the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide must be reduced.

They warned that if the changes aren't made then developing and underdeveloped countries will suffer the most.

(With inputs from agencies)

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By the end of this century, climate change could lead to extreme global warming and trigger health problems such as heart attacks and heat strokes in populous countries including India, China and Pakistan, a study has said.

By the end of this century, climate change could lead to extreme global warming and trigger health problems such as heart attacks and heat strokes in populous countries including India, China and Pakistan, a study has said. The study published on Monday (Oct 9) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that a significant portion of the world's population will be vulnerable to "moist heat stress" with some devastating consequences on human health if the temperatures rise above 2 degrees Celsius of warming. Notably, till now, the world has warmed around 1.2 degrees Celsius. Matthew Huber, co-author of the study and a professor of Earth’s atmospheric and planetary sciences at Purdue University said, "Moist heat stress is a particularly challenging problem, because it affects the human body directly, and causes morbidity and mortality." Also read | Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour: Study There is a certain threshold combination of heat and humidity that humans can bear, beyond which it causes heat-related health problems such as heat strokes and heart attacks. The study projected that if the temperatures rise above 2 degrees of warming, then a projected population of 2.2 billion people in Pakistan and the Indus River Valley in India, 1 billion people in China and 800 million people in sub-Saharan Africa will experience hours of heat that will surpass human tolerance by the end of the century. (Image Credit: PNAS) In India, the cities that would bear the brunt of this annual heat as per the end-of-century projections for include New Delhi and Kolkata. Globally, cities like Multan and Shanghai will also experience extreme heat conditions. If global warming continues to go 3 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial levels by 2100 with no actions taken, then there will be a sharp increase in the number of people exposed to life-threatening heat and humidity. Also read | Humanity's next big 'catastrophe' could lie in the Sun, predict scientists Huber said, "The worst heat stress will occur in regions that are not wealthy and that are expected to experience rapid population growth in the coming decades." He added, "This is true despite the fact that these nations generate far fewer greenhouse gas emissions than wealthy nations. As a result, billions of poor people will suffer, and many could die. But wealthy nations will suffer from this heat as well, and in this interconnected world, everyone can expect to be negatively affected in some way." The experts said that in order to stop the temperatures from increasing, the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide must be reduced. They warned that if the changes aren't made then developing and underdeveloped countries will suffer the most. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India, Pak, China to face heat-induced health issues due to rising temperatures by end of century

Climate change and global warming are words that are tossed, often carelessly, in our everyday conversations. So much so that the real danger for humankind they encapsulate is often overlooked and forgotten. Findings of a new study may be another wake-up call for us to sit and seriously think about something that can jeopardise our very existence on the only planet we call home.

The study, as reported by The Guardian, is the first to calculate the global cost directly attributable to human-caused global warming. It reportedly said that we paid an average cost of USD 140 billion each year between 2000 and 2019 as a result of global warming. The latest data reveals that the cost was USD 280 billion in the year 2022. Due to lack of data from many countries, especially from low-income countries, means that the number may be much higher. Also, aspects such a climate cost incurred due to decline in crop yields and sea level rise was not included.

Watch | Human-induced climate change threatens Yemen turtles

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The study has also found that over two decades, 1.2 billion people have been affected by climate crisis.

Two-third of the damage costs were due to lives that were lost. The third was due to destruction and other assets being destroyed.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/groundwater-is-a-major-source-of-pollution-on-great-barrier-reef-study-644374">Groundwater is a major source of pollution on Great Barrier Reef: Study</a>

According to the researchers, their methods can be used for calculating funding that was needed for loss and damage fund which was established at the United Nations' climate summit in 2022. The fund is intended for recovery from extreme weather events in poorer countries.

“The headline number is $140bn a year and, first of all, that’s already a big number,” said Prof Ilan Noy as quoted by The Guardian. Prof Noy is from Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand. He carried out the study with colleague Rebecca Newman.

“Second, when you compare it to the standard quantification of the cost of climate change [using computer models], it seems those quantifications are underestimating the impact of climate change.”

Noy noted that there was no data of people killed or of economic damage caused due several extreme weather events.

“That indicates our headline number of $140bn is a significant understatement,” he said.

As an example, &nbsp;he said that heatwave death data was available only in case of Europe.

&nbsp;“We have no idea how many people died from heatwaves in all of sub-Saharan Africa.”

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Climate change and global warming are words that are tossed, often carelessly, in our everyday conversations. So much so that the real danger for humankind they encapsulate is often overlooked and forgotten.

Climate change and global warming are words that are tossed, often carelessly, in our everyday conversations. So much so that the real danger for humankind they encapsulate is often overlooked and forgotten. Findings of a new study may be another wake-up call for us to sit and seriously think about something that can jeopardise our very existence on the only planet we call home. The study, as reported by The Guardian, is the first to calculate the global cost directly attributable to human-caused global warming. It reportedly said that we paid an average cost of USD 140 billion each year between 2000 and 2019 as a result of global warming. The latest data reveals that the cost was USD 280 billion in the year 2022. Due to lack of data from many countries, especially from low-income countries, means that the number may be much higher. Also, aspects such a climate cost incurred due to decline in crop yields and sea level rise was not included. Watch | Human-induced climate change threatens Yemen turtles × The study has also found that over two decades, 1.2 billion people have been affected by climate crisis. Two-third of the damage costs were due to lives that were lost. The third was due to destruction and other assets being destroyed. Also Read | Groundwater is a major source of pollution on Great Barrier Reef: Study According to the researchers, their methods can be used for calculating funding that was needed for loss and damage fund which was established at the United Nations' climate summit in 2022. The fund is intended for recovery from extreme weather events in poorer countries. “The headline number is $140bn a year and, first of all, that’s already a big number,” said Prof Ilan Noy as quoted by The Guardian. Prof Noy is from Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand. He carried out the study with colleague Rebecca Newman. “Second, when you compare it to the standard quantification of the cost of climate change [using computer models], it seems those quantifications are underestimating the impact of climate change.” Noy noted that there was no data of people killed or of economic damage caused due several extreme weather events. “That indicates our headline number of $140bn is a significant understatement,” he said. As an example, he said that heatwave death data was available only in case of Europe. “We have no idea how many people died from heatwaves in all of sub-Saharan Africa.” You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour: Study

We are nowhere close to defeat climate change. A new report suggests that world is rather close to crossing a major warming threshold, leaving scientists concerned. In one third of 2023, the average global temperature remained at least 1.5ºC higher than pre-industrial levels, as per the report.&nbsp;

Staying below that mark long-term is widely crucial to avert the dangerous effects of climate change. 2023 is already on track to be the hottest year on record, and 2024 could be even hotter.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/pm-modis-assassination-threat-demands-for-bishnois-release-in-email-triggers-heightened-security-report-643585">PM Modi’s assassination threat, gangster Bishnoi’s release demand in email triggers security alarm: Report</a>

The report is based on BBC’s recent analysis on climate change. The latest findings come after record September temperatures and a summer of extreme weather events across much of the world.&nbsp;

<h2>Where are we currently, in terms of global warming threshold?</h2>

In&nbsp;December 2015, world leader gathered in Paris and signed an agreement to keep the long-term rise in global temperatures this century below 2 C and to make every effort to keep it under 1.5 C.&nbsp;

The agreed limits refer to the difference between global average temperatures now and what they were in the pre-industrial period, between 1850 and 1900 - before the widespread use of fossil fuels.

Breaching this Paris threshold doesn’t mean going over it for a day or a week but going beyond this across for 20 or 30 days-year average.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-flavour-profile-scientists-uncover-tongues-sixth-basic-taste-643597">New flavour profile? Scientists uncover tongue's sixth basic taste</a>

This long-term average warming figure currently sits at around 1.1C to 1.2C.

But the more often 1.5C is breached for individual days, the closer the world gets to breaching this mark in the longer term.

The first time this breach happened was for a few days in December 2015. Since then the limit has been repeatedly broken, typically for short periods.&nbsp;

<h2>Where are we heading now?</h2>

The recent BBC analysis shows we could breach the global long-term warming limit soon. The data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service shows that up to October 2, around 86 days in 2023 have been over 1.5 C warmer that the pre-industrial average. This beats the 2016 record well before the end of the year.

Days when the temperature difference has exceeded 1.5C continued into September, with some more than 1.8C above the pre-industrial average.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-seeks-designs-for-lunar-freezer-to-safeguard-moon-mission-samples-643591">NASA seeks designs for 'lunar freezer' to safeguard moon mission samples</a>

The month as a whole was 1.75C above the pre-industrial level, and the year to date is around 1.4C above the 1850-1900 average, according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

While 2023 is "on track" to become the warmest year on record, it is not expected to breach the 1.5C warming threshold as a global average across the full 12 months.

(With inputs from agencies)

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We are nowhere close to defeat climate change. A new report suggests that world is rather close to crossing a major warming threshold, leaving scientists concerned.

We are nowhere close to defeat climate change. A new report suggests that world is rather close to crossing a major warming threshold, leaving scientists concerned. In one third of 2023, the average global temperature remained at least 1.5ºC higher than pre-industrial levels, as per the report. Staying below that mark long-term is widely crucial to avert the dangerous effects of climate change. 2023 is already on track to be the hottest year on record, and 2024 could be even hotter. Also Read | PM Modi’s assassination threat, gangster Bishnoi’s release demand in email triggers security alarm: Report The report is based on BBC’s recent analysis on climate change. The latest findings come after record September temperatures and a summer of extreme weather events across much of the world. Where are we currently, in terms of global warming threshold? In December 2015, world leader gathered in Paris and signed an agreement to keep the long-term rise in global temperatures this century below 2 C and to make every effort to keep it under 1.5 C. The agreed limits refer to the difference between global average temperatures now and what they were in the pre-industrial period, between 1850 and 1900 - before the widespread use of fossil fuels. Breaching this Paris threshold doesn’t mean going over it for a day or a week but going beyond this across for 20 or 30 days-year average. Also Read | New flavour profile? Scientists uncover tongue's sixth basic taste This long-term average warming figure currently sits at around 1.1C to 1.2C. But the more often 1.5C is breached for individual days, the closer the world gets to breaching this mark in the longer term. The first time this breach happened was for a few days in December 2015. Since then the limit has been repeatedly broken, typically for short periods. Where are we heading now? The recent BBC analysis shows we could breach the global long-term warming limit soon. The data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service shows that up to October 2, around 86 days in 2023 have been over 1.5 C warmer that the pre-industrial average. This beats the 2016 record well before the end of the year. Days when the temperature difference has exceeded 1.5C continued into September, with some more than 1.8C above the pre-industrial average. Also Read | NASA seeks designs for 'lunar freezer' to safeguard moon mission samples The month as a whole was 1.75C above the pre-industrial level, and the year to date is around 1.4C above the 1850-1900 average, according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service. While 2023 is "on track" to become the warmest year on record, it is not expected to breach the 1.5C warming threshold as a global average across the full 12 months. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

World crosses key 1.5ºC warming mark for record number of days in 2023: Report

The world witnessed its hottest month by an “extraordinary” margin in September this year, the European Union climate monitor said on Thursday (Oct 5).

Copernicus Climate Change Service said that September’s average temperature was 0.93 degree Celsius, above the 1991-2020 average and 0.5 degree Celsius above the previous 2020 record.

“It’s just mind-blowing really. Never seen anything like that in any month in our records,” said Copernicus Director Carlo Buontempo.

The report further said that the figure was “the most anomalous warm month” in its data going back to 1940.

There is a reason why it is considered an anomaly.

While July and August, too, recorded higher temperatures because they are warmer months on the calendar, September’s temperature was unique considering that the peak of summer had already subsided.

<h2>High September temperature an anomaly&nbsp;</h2>

Temperature anomalies are key pieces of data in a warming world.

The European Union monitor calculated September’s average temperature to be 16.38 degrees Celsius, which was higher than the old record of 0.5 degree Celsius set in September 2020.

This margin is considered huge in climate records.

“The unprecedented temperatures for the time of year observed in September — following a record summer — have broken records by an extraordinary amount,” Samantha Burgess, deputy director of Copernicus, said in a statement.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/zombie-apocalypse-didnt-happen-as-us-emergency-alert-goes-off-2-mins-early-check-out-some-hilarious-memes-642736">US emergency alert goes off 2 mins early, and there were no signs of zombies. Check out hilarious memes</a>

She said that the “extreme month” has likely pushed 2023 into the “dubious honour of first place” as the hottest year ever, with temperatures about 1.4ºC above pre-industrial average temperatures.

<h2>2023 on track to become another record-breaking year</h2>

The study further noted that 2023 is on track to become the hottest year on record, with the global mean temperature to be 0.52 degrees Celsius higher than average.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/ai-of-the-tiger-tiny-camera-protects-predator-and-people-642751">AI of the tiger: Tiny camera 'protects' predator and people</a>

The global temperature for January-September is also 1.4ºC higher than the preindustrial average (from the years 1850 to 1900), the institute added.

The previous record belonged to 2016 and 2020 when temperatures were an average of 1.25 degrees C higher.

The scientists further warned that the El Niño weather phenomenon, which involves the warming of the Pacific Ocean, is also expected to drive global temperatures higher over the remainder of this year.

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The world witnessed its hottest month by an “extraordinary” margin in September this year, the European Union climate monitor said on Thursday (Oct 5). Copernicus Climate Change Service said that September’s average temperature was 0.

The world witnessed its hottest month by an “extraordinary” margin in September this year, the European Union climate monitor said on Thursday (Oct 5). Copernicus Climate Change Service said that September’s average temperature was 0.93 degree Celsius, above the 1991-2020 average and 0.5 degree Celsius above the previous 2020 record. “It’s just mind-blowing really. Never seen anything like that in any month in our records,” said Copernicus Director Carlo Buontempo. The report further said that the figure was “the most anomalous warm month” in its data going back to 1940. There is a reason why it is considered an anomaly. While July and August, too, recorded higher temperatures because they are warmer months on the calendar, September’s temperature was unique considering that the peak of summer had already subsided. High September temperature an anomaly Temperature anomalies are key pieces of data in a warming world. The European Union monitor calculated September’s average temperature to be 16.38 degrees Celsius, which was higher than the old record of 0.5 degree Celsius set in September 2020. This margin is considered huge in climate records. “The unprecedented temperatures for the time of year observed in September — following a record summer — have broken records by an extraordinary amount,” Samantha Burgess, deputy director of Copernicus, said in a statement. Also read | US emergency alert goes off 2 mins early, and there were no signs of zombies. Check out hilarious memes She said that the “extreme month” has likely pushed 2023 into the “dubious honour of first place” as the hottest year ever, with temperatures about 1.4ºC above pre-industrial average temperatures. 2023 on track to become another record-breaking year The study further noted that 2023 is on track to become the hottest year on record, with the global mean temperature to be 0.52 degrees Celsius higher than average. Also read | AI of the tiger: Tiny camera 'protects' predator and people The global temperature for January-September is also 1.4ºC higher than the preindustrial average (from the years 1850 to 1900), the institute added. The previous record belonged to 2016 and 2020 when temperatures were an average of 1.25 degrees C higher. The scientists further warned that the El Niño weather phenomenon, which involves the warming of the Pacific Ocean, is also expected to drive global temperatures higher over the remainder of this year. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

September hottest month on record by ‘extraordinary’ margin, says EU climate monitor

Pope Francis is warning followers around the world about climate change. The 86-year-old head of the catholic church is urging rich nations to make profound changes to tackle climate crisis. On wednesday, the Pope issued an official declaration saying that the effects of climate change are “already irreversible” and devastating to humanity.

Pope Francis warns about climate change

Thousands of species of frogs, salamanders are at risk of disappearing forever. Facing multiple threats, including habitat loss, disease and climate change, amphibians are the most threatened group of vertebrates in the world. We leave you with this report. Thanks for watching wion's climate tracker.

Amphibians are threatened due to climate change, habitat loss

An alarming discovery has been made in the Brazilian Amazon as over a hundred dolphins have been found dead&nbsp;in Lake Tefé within the past week. This&nbsp;coincides with an extraordinary drought and soaring water temperatures, reaching an astonishing 39 degrees Celsius&nbsp;in some areas.

The Mamirauá Institute, a research institution funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Science, reported this startling occurrence of dolphin fatalities. Such a substantial number of deaths among these aquatic mammals is highly unusual and raises concerns.

The prevailing theory is that these fatalities are connected to the record-high temperatures in Lake Tefé and the Amazon's historic drought, reported the Guardian.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/what-animals-go-through-beach-goers-rescue-three-seal-pups-caught-in-fishing-net-watch-video-here-637908">'What animals go through,' beach goers rescue three seal pups caught in fishing net.&nbsp;</a>

<h2>Dry season impact</h2>

The Amazon River, renowned as the world's largest waterway, is currently experiencing its dry season. This season, characterised by reduced water levels, has resulted in elevated temperatures in the water bodies it encompasses. Additionally, other river creatures are also grappling with the adverse effects of these record-high temperatures.

Brazil has witnessed an onslaught of unusually extreme weather conditions in recent months, primarily stemming from human-induced climate change and the influence of El Niño. While some regions in the southern part of the country have grappled with severe flooding due to intense rainstorms, the northern regions are facing the brunt of an exceptionally harsh dry season.

Also watch |&nbsp;Wildfires in 2023 &amp; the role of climate change | WION Climate Tracker

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<h2>Dolphins as river indicators</h2>

Dolphins hold a vital role as indicators of a river's overall health, which directly affects the communities residing along its banks. In the Amazon, these creatures are referred to as "boto" and are known for their pink or grey colouration. They primarily feed on piranhas and hold semi-mythological significance in traditional culture, where they are occasionally believed to take human form and engage in impregnation.

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An alarming discovery has been made in the Brazilian Amazon as over a hundred dolphins have been found dead in Lake Tefé within the past week. This coincides with an extraordinary drought and soaring water temperatures, reaching an astonishing 39 degrees Celsius in some areas.

An alarming discovery has been made in the Brazilian Amazon as over a hundred dolphins have been found dead in Lake Tefé within the past week. This coincides with an extraordinary drought and soaring water temperatures, reaching an astonishing 39 degrees Celsius in some areas. The Mamirauá Institute, a research institution funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Science, reported this startling occurrence of dolphin fatalities. Such a substantial number of deaths among these aquatic mammals is highly unusual and raises concerns. The prevailing theory is that these fatalities are connected to the record-high temperatures in Lake Tefé and the Amazon's historic drought, reported the Guardian. Also read | 'What animals go through,' beach goers rescue three seal pups caught in fishing net. Dry season impact The Amazon River, renowned as the world's largest waterway, is currently experiencing its dry season. This season, characterised by reduced water levels, has resulted in elevated temperatures in the water bodies it encompasses. Additionally, other river creatures are also grappling with the adverse effects of these record-high temperatures. Brazil has witnessed an onslaught of unusually extreme weather conditions in recent months, primarily stemming from human-induced climate change and the influence of El Niño. While some regions in the southern part of the country have grappled with severe flooding due to intense rainstorms, the northern regions are facing the brunt of an exceptionally harsh dry season. Also watch | Wildfires in 2023 & the role of climate change | WION Climate Tracker Dolphins as river indicators Dolphins hold a vital role as indicators of a river's overall health, which directly affects the communities residing along its banks. In the Amazon, these creatures are referred to as "boto" and are known for their pink or grey colouration. They primarily feed on piranhas and hold semi-mythological significance in traditional culture, where they are occasionally believed to take human form and engage in impregnation. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Over 100 dolphins found dead in Amazon as water temperature soars to 39°C

As we continue to witness record-breaking heatwaves and other extreme weather events which researchers previously said have been exacerbated by human-induced climate change, several ideas have been pitched to mitigate the dire challenge but this one is out of the world (literally).&nbsp;

<h2>About a giant ‘sun umbrella’</h2>

Astronomer István Szapudi of the University of Hawaiʻi Institute for Astronomy believes that a solar shield to reduce the amount of sunlight hitting Earth could help mitigate the problem. However, this is not the first time that the idea of a space-based solar radiation management (SRM) shield or shade has been proposed.&nbsp;

What makes this one different is the plan to tie the giant shield to a captured asteroid as a counterweight. The potential solution was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal.&nbsp;

So far, the idea of a solar shield, in theory, can cool down the Earth by shading it from some of the sun’s rays but the issue was the large amount of weight needed to make a shield massive enough to balance gravitational forces and prevent solar radiation pressure from blowing it away.&nbsp;

Therefore, the US-based astronomer’s idea involves a tethered counterweight instead of just a massive shield and the use of a captured asteroid to counter said weight to avoid launching such a big mass from Earth to hold the “sun umbrella”.&nbsp;

<h2>What makes this idea almost achievable?</h2>

Szapudi’s approach brings the idea into the realm of possibility with greatly reduced cost as well as lowering the difficulty of implementation. “In Hawaiʻi, many use an umbrella to block the sunlight as they walk about during the day,” the astronomer explained in a statement.&nbsp;

He added, “I was thinking, could we do the same for Earth and thereby mitigate the impending catastrophe of climate change?”&nbsp;

Previous research has suggested that even if we managed to lower solar radiation by 1.7 per cent it could prevent a catastrophic rise in global temperatures. &nbsp;

In line with this, Szapudi proposed two ideas – the first one would involve placing a tethered counterbalance toward the Sun could reduce the weight of the shield. The second is a counterweight of approximately 3.5 million tonnes, which would be over 100 times lighter than previous estimates for an untethered shield.

While the 3.5 million tonnes might sound like a lot of mass, only one per cent of it would account for the actual shield, around 35,000 metric tonnes and the remaining would be the asteroid.

The plan is to launch the counterweight, which will be attached to the solar shield by a strong graphene tether, and then slowly open once in space, allowing it to gradually fill with lunar dust or asteroid material.&nbsp;

Since the asteroid material that would act as ballast would already be in space it would not need to be launched from Earth. However, some of the largest rockets can carry about 50 tons to low Earth orbit, which poses a big challenge to this particular SRM plan.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

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As we continue to witness record-breaking heatwaves and other extreme weather events which researchers previously said have been exacerbated by human-induced climate change, several ideas have been pitched to mitigate the dire challenge but this one is out of the world (literally).

As we continue to witness record-breaking heatwaves and other extreme weather events which researchers previously said have been exacerbated by human-induced climate change, several ideas have been pitched to mitigate the dire challenge but this one is out of the world (literally). About a giant ‘sun umbrella’ Astronomer István Szapudi of the University of Hawaiʻi Institute for Astronomy believes that a solar shield to reduce the amount of sunlight hitting Earth could help mitigate the problem. However, this is not the first time that the idea of a space-based solar radiation management (SRM) shield or shade has been proposed. What makes this one different is the plan to tie the giant shield to a captured asteroid as a counterweight. The potential solution was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal. So far, the idea of a solar shield, in theory, can cool down the Earth by shading it from some of the sun’s rays but the issue was the large amount of weight needed to make a shield massive enough to balance gravitational forces and prevent solar radiation pressure from blowing it away. Therefore, the US-based astronomer’s idea involves a tethered counterweight instead of just a massive shield and the use of a captured asteroid to counter said weight to avoid launching such a big mass from Earth to hold the “sun umbrella”. What makes this idea almost achievable? Szapudi’s approach brings the idea into the realm of possibility with greatly reduced cost as well as lowering the difficulty of implementation. “In Hawaiʻi, many use an umbrella to block the sunlight as they walk about during the day,” the astronomer explained in a statement. He added, “I was thinking, could we do the same for Earth and thereby mitigate the impending catastrophe of climate change?” Previous research has suggested that even if we managed to lower solar radiation by 1.7 per cent it could prevent a catastrophic rise in global temperatures. In line with this, Szapudi proposed two ideas – the first one would involve placing a tethered counterbalance toward the Sun could reduce the weight of the shield. The second is a counterweight of approximately 3.5 million tonnes, which would be over 100 times lighter than previous estimates for an untethered shield. While the 3.5 million tonnes might sound like a lot of mass, only one per cent of it would account for the actual shield, around 35,000 metric tonnes and the remaining would be the asteroid. The plan is to launch the counterweight, which will be attached to the solar shield by a strong graphene tether, and then slowly open once in space, allowing it to gradually fill with lunar dust or asteroid material. Since the asteroid material that would act as ballast would already be in space it would not need to be launched from Earth. However, some of the largest rockets can carry about 50 tons to low Earth orbit, which poses a big challenge to this particular SRM plan. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Giant ‘sun umbrella’ tethered to asteroid may help fight climate change: Study

Trees and fungi have been in a symbiotic relationship for millions of years. Their relationship flourishes because they help each other. However, with climate change laddering, this relationship is being threatened.

Global warming & water stress disturb fungal networks

Sea ice that packs the ocean around Antarctica hit record low levels this winter. Researchers warn the shift can have dire consequences for animals like penguins who breed and rear their young on the sea ice. Watch this story to know why scientists fear that the impact of climate change at the southern pole is ramping up.

Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat

Chief of International Energy Agency (IEA) said on Tuesday (September 26) that record investment and development in clean energy technology has revived hopes that global warming can be limited within the goal range of 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit). But Fatih Birol also said that starting next decade, the world would need investment of nearly USD 4.5 trillion per year in order to make transition to cleaner energy. This is considerably more than the USD 1.8 trillion spending expected this year.

"The pathway to 1.5C has narrowed in the past two years, but clean energy technologies are keeping it open," Birol was quoted as saying by AFP.

This year has seen temperatures rise to record levels in many parts of the world. The global averages have been around 1.1C higher in comparison to pre-industrial average.

That compares with the goal set by the 2015 UN Paris Agreement to keep global temperature rises well below 2C, while pursuing efforts to limit them to 1.5C to prevent the most severe consequences, such as drought, floods and increased wildfires.

IEA made an upate to its Net Zero Roadmap. The roadmap suggests scenarios to reach net zero emissions by the middle of the century. IEA has said that an increase in solar power capacity and in Electric Vehicle sales since the year 2021 are keeping the global efforrs in line with the targets.

The agency however said that much more effort was still needed as by 2030 it is necessary to triple global renewable capacity, double energy-efficient infrastructure and further rise in heat pump sales and electric vehicles.

The IEA has also called for 75 per cent cuts in methane emissions from energy sector by 2030. It has been estimated that this would cost USD 75 billion. The figure is just two per cent of the net income of the oil and gas industry in 2022.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/climate-change-brown-bears-cubs-starve-and-die-in-japan-due-to-lack-of-salmon-639800">Climate change: Brown bears cubs starve and die in Japan due to lack of salmon</a>

The report said that agency's pathway to net zero will also need equitable transition. This will involve considering national circumstances and requiring advanced economies to reach net zero sooner than developing economies.

"Governments need to separate climate from geopolitics, given the scale of the challenge at hand," Birol said.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Chief of International Energy Agency (IEA) said on Tuesday (September 26) that record investment and development in clean energy technology has revived hopes that global warming can be limited within the goal range of 1.

Chief of International Energy Agency (IEA) said on Tuesday (September 26) that record investment and development in clean energy technology has revived hopes that global warming can be limited within the goal range of 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit). But Fatih Birol also said that starting next decade, the world would need investment of nearly USD 4.5 trillion per year in order to make transition to cleaner energy. This is considerably more than the USD 1.8 trillion spending expected this year. "The pathway to 1.5C has narrowed in the past two years, but clean energy technologies are keeping it open," Birol was quoted as saying by AFP. This year has seen temperatures rise to record levels in many parts of the world. The global averages have been around 1.1C higher in comparison to pre-industrial average. That compares with the goal set by the 2015 UN Paris Agreement to keep global temperature rises well below 2C, while pursuing efforts to limit them to 1.5C to prevent the most severe consequences, such as drought, floods and increased wildfires. IEA made an upate to its Net Zero Roadmap. The roadmap suggests scenarios to reach net zero emissions by the middle of the century. IEA has said that an increase in solar power capacity and in Electric Vehicle sales since the year 2021 are keeping the global efforrs in line with the targets. The agency however said that much more effort was still needed as by 2030 it is necessary to triple global renewable capacity, double energy-efficient infrastructure and further rise in heat pump sales and electric vehicles. The IEA has also called for 75 per cent cuts in methane emissions from energy sector by 2030. It has been estimated that this would cost USD 75 billion. The figure is just two per cent of the net income of the oil and gas industry in 2022. Also Read | Climate change: Brown bears cubs starve and die in Japan due to lack of salmon The report said that agency's pathway to net zero will also need equitable transition. This will involve considering national circumstances and requiring advanced economies to reach net zero sooner than developing economies. "Governments need to separate climate from geopolitics, given the scale of the challenge at hand," Birol said. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

World energy watchdog chief says 1.5C global warming limit still achievable

Research by Syracuse university and the University of Minnesota shines new light on the deteriorating relationship between trees and fungi. Findings reveal that the combined effects of warming and water stress will likely result in major disturbances of fungal networks.

Global warming weakens fungal networks due to climate change | WION Climate Tracker

A recent study has found that the most intense heat wave ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in March 2022, when the temperatures near the eastern coast reached 39 degrees Celsius above average.

A recent study has found that the most intense heat wave ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in March 2022, when the temperatures near the eastern coast reached 39 degrees Celsius above average. Some researchers at the site wore shorts, while some removed their shirts to loll in the warmth. However, scientists from other regions believe such a high temperature in the area was unimaginable, the Washington Post reported. Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington and the study's author, said, "It was just very apparent that it was a remarkable event. We found that temperature anomaly, the 39-degree temperature anomaly. That's the largest anywhere ever measured anywhere in the world." Generally, the temperatures in March on the east coast of Antarctica near Dome C are around minus 54 degrees Celsius, marking a transition into autumn on the continent. However, on 18 March 2022, temperatures reached minus 10 degrees Celsius, warmer than the hottest temperature recorded during the summer months in that region. ALSO READ | Lunar soil? Low gravity? Why didn't Chandrayaan-3 leave India's imprint on Moon's surface? Blanchard-Wrigglesworth and his team studied how and why such an unbelievable heatwave occurred, especially when there was less sunlight. They found that extreme heat was part of Antarctica's natural variability. However, the warming climate did have the same effect. According to the study published in the peer-reviewed journal Geophysical Research Letters, winds usually blow from west to east around Antarctica, helping the continent to isolate from warmer regions farther north and allowing it to stay cold. However, like the heatwaves in the United States, the winds curled, enabling warm air from southern Australia to move to East Antarctica in only four days. Furthermore, the northern winds brought a lot of moisture, bringing snow, rain and melting on the eastern coast of the ice sheet. During the same time, Antarctica also experienced the lowest sea ice on record. However, the team suggested it was not due to the influence of the heatwave. The study found that the big swings in weather are not unusual in the polar regions. The research team analysed data from the global weather station and found the highest temperature changes from average usually occur in high latitudes. European countries or the United States never experience such anomalous heat waves. As we go higher in the atmosphere, the air gets cooler. However, high latitudes with snow have colder air near the ground and warmer air above it. In such spots, a warm air mass can dive in to replace the cold air and form warm weather. These events usually occur during or around winter. "That's what we saw for the Antarctic heat wave. These events erode that inversion," Blanchard-Wrigglesworth said. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Antarctica witnessed most intense heatwave ever recorded on Earth in 2022, reveals study

Climate change has begun to affect our planet and the organisms. UK'S beloved migratory birds are facing a crisis as global warming takes flight. Increasing temperatures, changing vegetation and extreme weather conditions are leading to significant changes of the birds' essential habitats. In many cases these are the reasons for the decline of bird populations.

UK migratory birds 'in freefall' over climate change

In a bid to secure climate justice and in a response to global warming, six portuguese youths are making a powerful statement by taking 32 nations to the european court of human rights. The bold move is a powerful reminder that the fight for climate justice knows no boundaries.

Portuguese youth take 32 states to court over climate change

It is still winter in brazil but the temperatures in the South American nation are reaching to 40 degrees celsius. The meteorologists warned that temperatures may continue to rise in the country and may rise to as much as 45 degrees celsius.

Brazilians head to the beach to escape high temperatures

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