In a significant development, scientists have confirmed the presence of a deadly strain of bird flu on the mainland of Antarctica, posing a potential threat to the region's&nbsp;penguin colonies. Argentina's Higher Council for Scientific Investigation (CSIC) revealed that the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus had been detected on the Antarctic mainland, marking the first instance of its presence despite the geographical isolation and natural barriers separating Antarctica from other continents.

"This discovery demonstrates for the first time that the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus has reached Antarctica despite the distance and natural barriers that separate it from other continents," Argentina's Higher Council for Scientific Investigation (CSIC) said on Sunday (Feb 25).

Additionally, data from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research indicates a confirmed case at a research base, further highlighting the urgency of addressing this emerging threat.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-to-map-mysteries-of-antarctica-using-robot-plane-686750">Also read |&nbsp;Scientists to map mysteries of Antarctica using robot plane</a>

<h2>Confirmation and context</h2>

The virus was identified on February 24 in samples taken from deceased skua seabirds, discovered by Argentine scientists near the Antarctic base Primavera. This confirmation follows previous cases on nearby islands, including infections among gentoo penguins, highlighting&nbsp;the vulnerability of colonies in the region to the H5N1 avian flu, which has caused significant bird population declines worldwide in recent months.

According to CSIC, thorough analysis conclusively identified the birds as carriers of the H5 subtype of avian influenza, with at least one bird containing the highly pathogenic strain of the virus.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/rocks-found-in-antarctica-suggest-an-asteroid-may-have-exploded-over-the-continent-25-million-years-ago-687777">Also read |&nbsp;An asteroid exploded over Antarctica 2.5 million years ago, rocky evidence suggests</a>

"Analysis has conclusively shown that the birds were infected with the H5 subtype of avian influenza and at least one of the dead birds contained the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus," CSIC said in a statement.

This revelation raises concerns, particularly given the dense gatherings of hundreds of thousands of penguins in colonies across the Antarctic continent and nearby islands, which could facilitate rapid virus transmission.

Also watch |&nbsp;Antarctic sea ice depleting due to rising temperatures

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/antarctic-sea-ice-depleting-due-to-rising-temperatures-693958/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

The presence of the virus in this remote region poses a considerable risk to the already fragile ecosystem, with penguin colonies particularly susceptible to outbreaks.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a significant development, scientists have confirmed the presence of a deadly strain of bird flu on the mainland of Antarctica, posing a potential threat to the region's penguin colonies.

In a significant development, scientists have confirmed the presence of a deadly strain of bird flu on the mainland of Antarctica, posing a potential threat to the region's penguin colonies. Argentina's Higher Council for Scientific Investigation (CSIC) revealed that the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus had been detected on the Antarctic mainland, marking the first instance of its presence despite the geographical isolation and natural barriers separating Antarctica from other continents. "This discovery demonstrates for the first time that the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus has reached Antarctica despite the distance and natural barriers that separate it from other continents," Argentina's Higher Council for Scientific Investigation (CSIC) said on Sunday (Feb 25). Additionally, data from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research indicates a confirmed case at a research base, further highlighting the urgency of addressing this emerging threat. Also read | Scientists to map mysteries of Antarctica using robot plane Confirmation and context The virus was identified on February 24 in samples taken from deceased skua seabirds, discovered by Argentine scientists near the Antarctic base Primavera. This confirmation follows previous cases on nearby islands, including infections among gentoo penguins, highlighting the vulnerability of colonies in the region to the H5N1 avian flu, which has caused significant bird population declines worldwide in recent months. According to CSIC, thorough analysis conclusively identified the birds as carriers of the H5 subtype of avian influenza, with at least one bird containing the highly pathogenic strain of the virus. Also read | An asteroid exploded over Antarctica 2.5 million years ago, rocky evidence suggests "Analysis has conclusively shown that the birds were infected with the H5 subtype of avian influenza and at least one of the dead birds contained the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus," CSIC said in a statement. This revelation raises concerns, particularly given the dense gatherings of hundreds of thousands of penguins in colonies across the Antarctic continent and nearby islands, which could facilitate rapid virus transmission. Also watch | Antarctic sea ice depleting due to rising temperatures The presence of the virus in this remote region poses a considerable risk to the already fragile ecosystem, with penguin colonies particularly susceptible to outbreaks. (With inputs from agencies)

Deadly bird flu reaches mainland Antarctica for the first time, confirm scientists

Turkish scientists have claimed that Antarctica has lost ice equivalent to the size of Turkey in the last three years alone. Researchers who are working on the continent reached this conclusion after studying data from UAVs and satellites and tracking parameters like atmospheric water vapour. This means that ice spanning over 785,000 square kilometres (303,090 square miles) has disappeared from the continent during this period.

The data from the equipment showed an average decrease of 7 cubic metres (247 cubic feet) in a 100 square m (1,076 square ft) area of ice and snow cover at Horseshoe Island between 2022 and 2023.

Scientists warned if the current ice melting rate is not reined in, the concentration of water vapours and other greenhouse gases may increase in the atmosphere, potentially accelerating climate change.

"We are able to track the retreat and changes in glaciers year after year through drone footage, equipment readings, and GNSS (satellite navigation) stations we set up at our research sites in Antarctica," Ozsoy told Anadolu, said Professor Burcu Ozsoy, head of the first Turkish polar research center.

Watch:&nbsp;Study finds the retreat of Antarctica's 'Doomsday Glacier' was sparked 80 years ago

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Stressing that data collected over several years showed glaring losses, Ozsoy said: "If we extrapolate the amount we measured in these past three years to the entirety of Antarctica, the ice loss we witnessed would be equivalent to the size of Türkiye."

Fahri Karabulut, a researcher from Istanbul’s Yildiz Technical University participating in the expedition said they could observe an ice loss of 10 per cent in glaciers using drones.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwj3paDA48uEAxXzTmwGHd78DawQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/deadly-bird-flu-reaches-mainland-antarctica-for-the-first-time-confirm-scientists-694204" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/deadly-bird-flu-reaches-mainland-antarctica-for-the-first-time-confirm-scientists-694204&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj3paDA48uEAxXzTmwGHd78DawQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE">Deadly bird flu reaches mainland Antarctica for the first time, confirm scientists</a>

"Using drones, we observed an area reduction of approximately 10% in the glaciers. Extrapolating this ratio, the ice loss equates to an area roughly the size of Türkiye," Karabulut said.

Scientists also observed cracks in the glaciers. “This allows us to observe and quantify melting both visually and numerically, offering firsthand insights into the consequences of global warming," he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

Turkish scientists have claimed that Antarctica has lost ice equivalent to the size of Turkey in the last three years alone. Researchers who are working on the continent reached this conclusion after studying data from UAVs and satellites and tracking parameters like atmospheric water vapour.

Turkish scientists have claimed that Antarctica has lost ice equivalent to the size of Turkey in the last three years alone. Researchers who are working on the continent reached this conclusion after studying data from UAVs and satellites and tracking parameters like atmospheric water vapour. This means that ice spanning over 785,000 square kilometres (303,090 square miles) has disappeared from the continent during this period. The data from the equipment showed an average decrease of 7 cubic metres (247 cubic feet) in a 100 square m (1,076 square ft) area of ice and snow cover at Horseshoe Island between 2022 and 2023. Scientists warned if the current ice melting rate is not reined in, the concentration of water vapours and other greenhouse gases may increase in the atmosphere, potentially accelerating climate change. "We are able to track the retreat and changes in glaciers year after year through drone footage, equipment readings, and GNSS (satellite navigation) stations we set up at our research sites in Antarctica," Ozsoy told Anadolu, said Professor Burcu Ozsoy, head of the first Turkish polar research center. Watch: Study finds the retreat of Antarctica's 'Doomsday Glacier' was sparked 80 years ago × Stressing that data collected over several years showed glaring losses, Ozsoy said: "If we extrapolate the amount we measured in these past three years to the entirety of Antarctica, the ice loss we witnessed would be equivalent to the size of Türkiye." Fahri Karabulut, a researcher from Istanbul’s Yildiz Technical University participating in the expedition said they could observe an ice loss of 10 per cent in glaciers using drones. Also read: Deadly bird flu reaches mainland Antarctica for the first time, confirm scientists "Using drones, we observed an area reduction of approximately 10% in the glaciers. Extrapolating this ratio, the ice loss equates to an area roughly the size of Türkiye," Karabulut said. Scientists also observed cracks in the glaciers. “This allows us to observe and quantify melting both visually and numerically, offering firsthand insights into the consequences of global warming," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Antarctica lost ice cover equivalent to the size of Turkey in last three years: Scientists

It is the international polar bear day and to mark the occasion a team of scientists in Norway are preparing to monitor Polar Bears as they emerge from their dens. It's part of a study to better understand the Denning process which is a crucial time for reproduction and the survival of the species. Watch to know more!

International day of Polar Bears | Majestic animals at risk of disappearing

A new study has found that Antarctica's 'Doomsday Glacier' started retreating rapidly in the 1940s, and never showed any signs of recovery. The doomsday glacier's fate will have ramifications, not just in antarctica but globally. Its complete collapse could raise sea levels by more than 2 feet.

Study finds the retreat of Antarctica's 'Doomsday Glacier' was sparked 80 years ago

In Antarctica, climate change is causing sea ice to deplete drastically. Ice coverage across the continent has dropped to record low levels. The latest data by U.S. National snow and ice data center shows that the past three years have recorded the lowest amount of sea ice around Antarctica. Watch to know more!

Antarctic sea ice depleting due to rising temperatures

The depths of Antarctica, earth's frozen south are raising fresh alarms. In a warming climate, meltwater from Antarctica is expected to contribute significantly to rising seas. For third year in a row ice is depleting at a massive rate. Sea ice coverage around the continent has dropped below 2 million square kilometers. Now this threshold has not been breached since satellite measurement started in the year 1979. Watch to know more!

Antarctica sea ice shrinking at alarming pace, scientists call it 'abrupt critical transition'

China & United States in a Scramble for Antarctica 1.3 million Palestinians crammed in Rafah as Israel vows a ground offensive M23 rebels march on Goma in DR Congo sparking an exodus of civilians & Ecuador along with Spain cracks down on transcontinental Narco gangs Mohammed Saleh gets you an in-depth analysis of the world's biggest warzones of the week in #worldatwar

World at War: US and China in a Scramble for Antarctica | Ecuador cracks down on Narco gangs

China has opened a new base in Antarctica. Beijing claims it is for scientific research. But experts speculate it could be for spying on Australia and New Zealand. What are China's intentions?

Gravitas | Is China trying to snoop on US allies?

An asteroid about to hit Earth might have exploded over Antarctica more than 2.5 million years ago, said researchers who analysed bits of rocks found in the continent's ice.

An asteroid about to hit Earth might have exploded over Antarctica more than 2.5 million years ago, said researchers who analysed bits of rocks found in the continent's ice. According to a report published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, the asteroid's explosion is the oldest known midair detonation documented in the geologic record. Apart from this, there have been only two ancient recorded airbursts, dating 480,000 and 430,000 years ago. Asteroids or comets that have hit the surface of Earth or other rocky bodies have caused conspicuous craters. However, some objects coming towards Earth have left no crater behind, as they might have disintegrated in midair before reaching the ground. But the evidence of such airbursts is scant. Asteroid explosions can cause massive destruction. Generally, airbursts occur at altitudes ranging from a few to several tens of kilometres. The tremendous kinetic energy of the incoming object transfers into an impact plume, a whirlpool of pressure disturbances and heat. Matthias van Ginneken, a cosmochemist at the University of Kent in England, told Science News, "All the energy is released in the atmosphere in the form of shock waves and thermal radiation." ALSO READ | Aliens made the 'meteor' that hit Earth 10 years ago, scientist claims In 2013, a roughly 20-meter asteroid broke up high over Chelyabinsk, Russia. The shockwave reached the ground, shattering thousands of windows. Another catastrophic airburst occurred in Tunguska, Siberia, in 1908. During this, a boulder about thrice as large as the Chelyabinsk body flattened a forest of over 2,000 square kilometres. Matthias and his colleagues analysed 116 tiny bits of rock found within Antarctica's ice, each about the width of a human hair and many spheroidal in shape. The researchers concluded that olivine and spinel are the minerals dominating the rock composition, and they are chemically consistent with ordinary chondrite, a kind of asteroid. They also deduced from the rocks that the midair explosion might've happened 2.3 million to 2.7 million years ago. The precise ratio of different forms of oxygen found in the rocks confirmed that they were produced in an airburst whose impact plume interacted with ice. Therefore, they reached the surface. "It's like a huge torch touching the ground and vapourising everything," said van Ginneken. Jason Pearl, a physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California who was not involved in the research, said that sizeable chunks of extraterrestrial material bombard Earth frequently. He said these types of events occur roughly every 50 to 500 years. "It's totally believable that events would have occurred in that period," he added. However, the team is researching more airbursts in the geologic record. "I'm convinced there are more examples," said van Ginneken. (With inputs from agencies)

An asteroid exploded over Antarctica 2.5 million years ago, rocky evidence suggests

A team of engineers and scientists have reached Antarctica where they will be testing a drone which will help experts in forecasting the impacts of climate change. The autonomous plane is set to map areas of the continent which have till now remained beyond the researchers' boundaries. 
 
The plane has been placed to test in the extreme weather around the highest peaks of Wales. This is the first experiment which will survey the mountains which are under the ice sheet so that they can make predictions on how quickly the ice can melt and add to the global sea-level rise. 
 
Scientists have been making efforts to understand Antarctica better but the existing technology has been limiting them from exploring further.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/search-vehicle-exploded-under-doomsday-glacier-in-antarctica-disappears-686243">Search vehicle explodes under 'Doomsday Glacier' in Antarctica, disappears</a>

Below-freezing temperatures, sudden storms and strong winds are common. Such dangerous conditions along with Antarctica's dark winters and the need for transporting large amounts of fuel and pilots have placed limitations on the use of traditional crewed planes. 
 
The new drone was developed by the British Antarctic Survey along with UK company Windracers in a way that it can be easily repaired if it faces any issues.

<h2 lang="en-US">Drone's information to be processed by British Antarctic Survey</h2>

The test was carried out on a drone in Llanbedr, Eyreri, North Wales, which is a terrain of Antarctica and has difficult weather. 
 
In a practice run which was carried out in strong winds as rains lashed the airfield, engineer Rebecca Toomey said that the drone is equipped to fly to remote areas without threatening the safety of the pilots, reported BBC. 
 
The drone can carry 100kg of cargo to 1,000km. The instruments, which include radar and cameras, are loaded in the drone's back and on its wings.

Watch:&nbsp;Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica

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The route of the drone has been programmed in and the flight is monitored by an engineer using a computer. 
 
The drone will initially be operated by Rebecca from Rothera base in Antarctica, but eventually, it will be flown by the British Antarctic Survey from the UK. 
 
It consumes much less fuel compared to traditional planes, 10 barrels in comparison to 200 on one research flight, which decreases the environmental impact of scientific research on Earth. 
 
The data collected by the robot plane will be processed at the British Antarctic Survey headquarters in Cambridge.

(With inputs from agencies)

A team of engineers and scientists have reached Antarctica where they will be testing a drone which will help experts in forecasting the impacts of climate change.

A team of engineers and scientists have reached Antarctica where they will be testing a drone which will help experts in forecasting the impacts of climate change. The autonomous plane is set to map areas of the continent which have till now remained beyond the researchers' boundaries. The plane has been placed to test in the extreme weather around the highest peaks of Wales. This is the first experiment which will survey the mountains which are under the ice sheet so that they can make predictions on how quickly the ice can melt and add to the global sea-level rise. Scientists have been making efforts to understand Antarctica better but the existing technology has been limiting them from exploring further. Also read: Search vehicle explodes under 'Doomsday Glacier' in Antarctica, disappears Below-freezing temperatures, sudden storms and strong winds are common. Such dangerous conditions along with Antarctica's dark winters and the need for transporting large amounts of fuel and pilots have placed limitations on the use of traditional crewed planes. The new drone was developed by the British Antarctic Survey along with UK company Windracers in a way that it can be easily repaired if it faces any issues. Drone's information to be processed by British Antarctic Survey The test was carried out on a drone in Llanbedr, Eyreri, North Wales, which is a terrain of Antarctica and has difficult weather. In a practice run which was carried out in strong winds as rains lashed the airfield, engineer Rebecca Toomey said that the drone is equipped to fly to remote areas without threatening the safety of the pilots, reported BBC. The drone can carry 100kg of cargo to 1,000km. The instruments, which include radar and cameras, are loaded in the drone's back and on its wings. Watch: Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica The route of the drone has been programmed in and the flight is monitored by an engineer using a computer. The drone will initially be operated by Rebecca from Rothera base in Antarctica, but eventually, it will be flown by the British Antarctic Survey from the UK. It consumes much less fuel compared to traditional planes, 10 barrels in comparison to 200 on one research flight, which decreases the environmental impact of scientific research on Earth. The data collected by the robot plane will be processed at the British Antarctic Survey headquarters in Cambridge. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists to map mysteries of Antarctica using robot plane

An underwater vehicle went missing after it exploded under the "Doomsday Glacier" in Antarctica.&nbsp;

The 23-foot-long unmanned underwater vehicle (AUV), which was called Ran, was sent on a mission to study the Thwaites Glacier, and it disappeared this weekend.

Ran is a unique vehicle and there are only two similar vehicles in the world which contain technology and sensors which allow it to measure and document the conditions of water underneath glacial ice for long periods of time and is likely to cost about $3.6 million.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-what-is-the-doomsday-clock-how-does-it-work-683239">Explained | What is the Doomsday Clock? How does it work?</a>

"This was the second time we took Ran to Thwaites Glacier to document the area under the ice. Thanks to Ran, we became the first researchers in the world to enter Thwaites in 2019, and during the current expedition we have visited the same area again. Even if you see melting and movements in the ice from satellite data, from Ran we get close-ups of the underside of the ice and information about exactly which mechanisms are behind the melting," said Anna Wahlin, who is a professor of oceanography at the University of Gothenburg and member of the research team, in a statement.

<h2>'Like looking for a needle in a haystack'</h2>

The Thwaites Glacier, which has been part of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), is the widest glacier present on Earth.&nbsp;

It has a surface area of about 74,000 square miles. Thwaites is also called the Doomsday Glacier because of the massive impact it will have on global sea levels if it were to melt completely.&nbsp;

"A sea level rise of several metres would inundate many of the world's major cities—including Shanghai, New York, Miami, Tokyo and Mumbai. It would also cover huge swathes of land in coastal regions and largely swallow up low-lying island nations like Kiribati, Tuvalu and the Maldives," wrote Ella Gilbert, a postdoctoral research associate in climate science at the University of Reading, United Kingdom, in an article for the Conversation in 2021.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/four-new-emperor-penguin-groups-discovered-in-antarctica-683425/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

"It's a bit like looking for a needle in a haystack, but without even knowing where the haystack is. At this point, Ran's batteries are dead. All we know is that something unexpected happened under the ice. We suspect it ran into trouble, and then something prevented it from getting out," said Wahlin.

The team is not hoping to find Ran again but has been grateful for the data that they have gathered so far.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

An underwater vehicle went missing after it exploded under the "Doomsday Glacier" in Antarctica. The 23-foot-long unmanned underwater vehicle (AUV), which was called Ran, was sent on a mission to study the Thwaites Glacier, and it disappeared this weekend.

An underwater vehicle went missing after it exploded under the "Doomsday Glacier" in Antarctica. The 23-foot-long unmanned underwater vehicle (AUV), which was called Ran, was sent on a mission to study the Thwaites Glacier, and it disappeared this weekend. Ran is a unique vehicle and there are only two similar vehicles in the world which contain technology and sensors which allow it to measure and document the conditions of water underneath glacial ice for long periods of time and is likely to cost about $3.6 million. Also read: Explained | What is the Doomsday Clock? How does it work? "This was the second time we took Ran to Thwaites Glacier to document the area under the ice. Thanks to Ran, we became the first researchers in the world to enter Thwaites in 2019, and during the current expedition we have visited the same area again. Even if you see melting and movements in the ice from satellite data, from Ran we get close-ups of the underside of the ice and information about exactly which mechanisms are behind the melting," said Anna Wahlin, who is a professor of oceanography at the University of Gothenburg and member of the research team, in a statement. 'Like looking for a needle in a haystack' The Thwaites Glacier, which has been part of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), is the widest glacier present on Earth. It has a surface area of about 74,000 square miles. Thwaites is also called the Doomsday Glacier because of the massive impact it will have on global sea levels if it were to melt completely. "A sea level rise of several metres would inundate many of the world's major cities—including Shanghai, New York, Miami, Tokyo and Mumbai. It would also cover huge swathes of land in coastal regions and largely swallow up low-lying island nations like Kiribati, Tuvalu and the Maldives," wrote Ella Gilbert, a postdoctoral research associate in climate science at the University of Reading, United Kingdom, in an article for the Conversation in 2021. Watch: Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica "It's a bit like looking for a needle in a haystack, but without even knowing where the haystack is. At this point, Ran's batteries are dead. All we know is that something unexpected happened under the ice. We suspect it ran into trouble, and then something prevented it from getting out," said Wahlin. The team is not hoping to find Ran again but has been grateful for the data that they have gathered so far. (With inputs from agencies)

Search vehicle explodes under 'Doomsday Glacier' in Antarctica, disappears

In a significant development, researchers said that the latest satellite imagery revealed previously unknown colonies of emperor penguins along the edges of Antarctica.&nbsp;

During winter, colonies of thousands of emperor penguins live and breed on the frozen sea ice clinging to the Antarctic coast. The emperor penguins use ice as hatching grounds, but the process becomes more unstable because of climate change and warming oceans which lead to the breaking of ice. The extent and quality of ice impact their population as chicks' chances of survival are hampered.&nbsp;

Research published on Wednesday mentioned that photos from the continent's Brunt ice shelf showed four new colonies of emperor penguins migrating to new nesting grounds as their home melted fast. Now, the total number of nesting grounds known to scientists is 66.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/major-breakthrough-worlds-first-successful-ivf-could-help-save-nearly-extinct-rhino-species-683311">Major breakthrough: World’s first successful IVF could help save nearly extinct rhino species</a>&nbsp;

The scientists said that the finding of these nests adds a few thousand extra penguins to the earlier estimated population of 550,000.&nbsp;

Emperor penguins are the world's largest penguins and they are considered "near threatened" with extinction, but it seems that they are now moving their colonies in order to save themselves.&nbsp;

Over the years, the ice beneath their feet has been melting and breaking off, leading to thousands of penguins dying after drowning or freezing to death. It has been forcing them to relocate to stable breeding grounds.&nbsp;

The British Antarctic Survey published images which showed hordes of penguins in the pure white snow. Three of the colonies spotted on the Brunt ice shelf were small – fewer than 100 birds. However, the fourth group, a colony that experts believed had perished, included around 5000 birds.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/mysterious-jet-black-eggs-found-eggs-discovered-in-depths-of-the-pacific-683278">Mysterious jet-black eggs found in depths of Pacific Ocean; scientists perplexed</a>&nbsp;

Peter Fretwell, a researcher at the British Antarctic Survey, which discovered these colonies, said: "Emperor penguins have taken it upon themselves to try to find more stable sea ice."&nbsp;

Fretwell said that one penguin colony near Halley Bay appears to have moved around 30 kilometres to the east. "The losses we are seeing through climate change probably outweigh any population gain we get by finding new colonies," he added.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica&nbsp;

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<h2>Will this impact in long run?&nbsp;</h2>

Daniel Zitterbart, who is a penguin researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, told USA Today: "Because of the warming oceans, there will be less sea ice. And less sea ice means less stable breeding sites for emperor penguins".&nbsp;

Fretwell also noted, "All except one of these colonies are small, with less than 1,000 birds, so finding these new colonies makes little difference to the overall population size. In fact, it is overshadowed by the recently reported breeding failures due to the early and fast ice loss."&nbsp;

In a significant development, researchers said that the latest satellite imagery revealed previously unknown colonies of emperor penguins along the edges of Antarctica.

In a significant development, researchers said that the latest satellite imagery revealed previously unknown colonies of emperor penguins along the edges of Antarctica. During winter, colonies of thousands of emperor penguins live and breed on the frozen sea ice clinging to the Antarctic coast. The emperor penguins use ice as hatching grounds, but the process becomes more unstable because of climate change and warming oceans which lead to the breaking of ice. The extent and quality of ice impact their population as chicks' chances of survival are hampered. Research published on Wednesday mentioned that photos from the continent's Brunt ice shelf showed four new colonies of emperor penguins migrating to new nesting grounds as their home melted fast. Now, the total number of nesting grounds known to scientists is 66. Also read: Major breakthrough: World’s first successful IVF could help save nearly extinct rhino species The scientists said that the finding of these nests adds a few thousand extra penguins to the earlier estimated population of 550,000. Emperor penguins are the world's largest penguins and they are considered "near threatened" with extinction, but it seems that they are now moving their colonies in order to save themselves. Over the years, the ice beneath their feet has been melting and breaking off, leading to thousands of penguins dying after drowning or freezing to death. It has been forcing them to relocate to stable breeding grounds. The British Antarctic Survey published images which showed hordes of penguins in the pure white snow. Three of the colonies spotted on the Brunt ice shelf were small – fewer than 100 birds. However, the fourth group, a colony that experts believed had perished, included around 5000 birds. Also read: Mysterious jet-black eggs found in depths of Pacific Ocean; scientists perplexed Peter Fretwell, a researcher at the British Antarctic Survey, which discovered these colonies, said: "Emperor penguins have taken it upon themselves to try to find more stable sea ice." Fretwell said that one penguin colony near Halley Bay appears to have moved around 30 kilometres to the east. "The losses we are seeing through climate change probably outweigh any population gain we get by finding new colonies," he added. Watch: Four new emperor penguin groups discovered in Antarctica × Will this impact in long run? Daniel Zitterbart, who is a penguin researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, told USA Today: "Because of the warming oceans, there will be less sea ice. And less sea ice means less stable breeding sites for emperor penguins". Fretwell also noted, "All except one of these colonies are small, with less than 1,000 birds, so finding these new colonies makes little difference to the overall population size. In fact, it is overshadowed by the recently reported breeding failures due to the early and fast ice loss."

New satellite imagery shows previously unknown colonies of emperor penguins in Antarctica

In pics | A23a 'ice island': Massive arches and caves seen in world’s largest iceberg as it erodes

A photographer has spotted an extremely rare all-white penguin in Chilean Antarctica. The penguin spotted at the Gabrial Gonzalez Videla Base is a female of the Gentoo species, which typically has black feathers with a few whites, DailyMail reported.

A photographer has spotted an extremely rare all-white penguin in Chilean Antarctica. The penguin spotted at the Gabrial Gonzalez Videla Base is a female of the Gentoo species, which typically has black feathers with a few whites, DailyMail reported. Filmed by photographer Huga Alejandro Harros Guerra, the penguin has an unusual white plumage caused by leucistic pigmentation, a condition in which the feathers lose colour. Although the condition is commonly genetic, trauma can also cause it. It differs from albinism as the penguin's eyes and beak are the usual colour. Guerra, one of the 14 people living in the middle of a colony of Gentoo penguins, said, "Every day, there is something different to see. Every day, Antarctica and this beautiful place surprise us with something different." He called the sighting of the white Gentoo penguin "extraordinary." ALSO READ | Rare fossilised skin from an unknown creature is a whopping 286-million-years old Dr Lucas Kruger, researcher at the Chilean Antarctic Institute, told the newspaper Ladera Sur, "Leucism is a genetic variation that can occur in some individuals, which affects the production of colouration in the skin, feather or hair. Here, the cells are unable to produce some pigments. It occurs naturally and affects less than one per cent of a population." Although the white colour of the penguin makes it unique, it also makes it easier for the predators to hunt her. "That is why cases of leucism are also very rare, because, in addition to being rare genes that are rarely seen, they are also animals that are very exposed, in the case of penguins, to being eaten easily by a predator," veterinarian Diego Penaloze told the Animal Reader. In the footage captured by Guerra on January 4 in Antarctica, one can easily see the white penguin as it walks among hundreds of others. It is not the first time someone spotted a white Gentoo penguin in the colony, according to Juliana Vianna, biologist and specialist in vertebrate genetics. About eight years ago, a rare white penguin was spotted in the colony. Experts are guessing that the recent sighting could be the same penguin or a relative. Gentoo penguins are frequently spotted in the vicinity of the base, and this region is considered their habitat. This species is categorised as "near threatened" on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The decline of the population on sub-Antarctic islands has been the primary reason for this categorisation. (With inputs from agencies)

Extremely rare all-white Gentoo penguin spotted in Antarctica; Here's why it's unique

India intends to construct a new scientific research station in Antarctica by the end of this decade. The new station aims to replace the Maitri research base which has been operating on the white continent for 35 years. Watch to know more.

India to get a new Antarctic research base

India has decided to build a new research station in Antarctica, replacing its “very old” predecessor Maitri station.

The Maitri-2 station will be established in East Antarctica near the existing one, and it will be able to house about 90 scientists. The establishment of the new research facility will enhance the quality of Indian research regarding the White Continent.

The existing station, Maitri, was set up in 1988 and was supposed to be operational for ten years only.

<h2>Initial plan revealed in 2017</h2>

There was a need to replace the 35-year-old facility for two decades, but it was only in 2017 that then-secretary to the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Madhavan Nair Rajeevan, revealed that the government planned to replace the Maitri station “in the next three to four years.”

India’s Earth Sciences Minister Kiren Rijiju on December 21 stated that the station will be ready to use by 2029.

Watch:&nbsp;Iceberg breaks off from Antarctica Ice Shelf

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In a written reply to the parliament’s upper house, Rajya Sabha, the minister stated that the site for the new research station -- Maitri-II -- has been identified and a preliminary topographical survey for the approach road is underway.

<h2>Indian Antarctic Act 2022</h2>

The new research base will adhere to environmental protocols laid out by international bodies and the Indian Antarctic Act passed in 2022.

“India passed the Indian Antarctic Act in 2022. Moreover, the Indian Antarctic Environmental Protection Rules, 2023, clearly state our commitment to protect the Antarctic environment,” said Dr Thamban Meloth, director at the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR).

<h2>NCPOR submits proposal to the centre</h2>

Goa-based NCPOR has already submitted a proposal for the approval of the central government.

Meanwhile, the Indian Ministry of Earth Sciences has already approved a design competition for the upcoming project.

According to NCPOR, master planning, hiring of consultants and designing of the infrastructure will take 18 months, after which the contract of the project will be awarded.

<h2>Countering the China threat</h2>

India’s strategic Antarctica move comes at a time when China is making wide strides in the research space for the White Continent.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/antarctica-likely-warming-much-faster-than-prediction-of-climate-change-models-study-633633">Also read:&nbsp;Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study</a>

China is already on its way to building its fifth research base on the continent, for which it has dispatched more than 450 personnel to the snowy continent.

(With inputs from agencies)

India has decided to build a new research station in Antarctica, replacing its “very old” predecessor Maitri station. The Maitri-2 station will be established in East Antarctica near the existing one, and it will be able to house about 90 scientists.

India has decided to build a new research station in Antarctica, replacing its “very old” predecessor Maitri station. The Maitri-2 station will be established in East Antarctica near the existing one, and it will be able to house about 90 scientists. The establishment of the new research facility will enhance the quality of Indian research regarding the White Continent. The existing station, Maitri, was set up in 1988 and was supposed to be operational for ten years only. Initial plan revealed in 2017 There was a need to replace the 35-year-old facility for two decades, but it was only in 2017 that then-secretary to the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Madhavan Nair Rajeevan, revealed that the government planned to replace the Maitri station “in the next three to four years.” India’s Earth Sciences Minister Kiren Rijiju on December 21 stated that the station will be ready to use by 2029. Watch: Iceberg breaks off from Antarctica Ice Shelf × In a written reply to the parliament’s upper house, Rajya Sabha, the minister stated that the site for the new research station -- Maitri-II -- has been identified and a preliminary topographical survey for the approach road is underway. Indian Antarctic Act 2022 The new research base will adhere to environmental protocols laid out by international bodies and the Indian Antarctic Act passed in 2022. “India passed the Indian Antarctic Act in 2022. Moreover, the Indian Antarctic Environmental Protection Rules, 2023, clearly state our commitment to protect the Antarctic environment,” said Dr Thamban Meloth, director at the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR). NCPOR submits proposal to the centre Goa-based NCPOR has already submitted a proposal for the approval of the central government. Meanwhile, the Indian Ministry of Earth Sciences has already approved a design competition for the upcoming project. According to NCPOR, master planning, hiring of consultants and designing of the infrastructure will take 18 months, after which the contract of the project will be awarded. Countering the China threat India’s strategic Antarctica move comes at a time when China is making wide strides in the research space for the White Continent. Also read: Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study China is already on its way to building its fifth research base on the continent, for which it has dispatched more than 450 personnel to the snowy continent. (With inputs from agencies)

India to replace ‘very old’ Maitri research station in Antarctica by 2029

Having a baby is not just giving birth to a new life. All that follows puts a major strain on the lives of new parents. Take for example the very early days when the infant has no sleep schedule, or any schedule at all. Calming a crying child at say 4 am at night becomes just another thing for the parents.

The strain of looking after their offsprings is common to all species.&nbsp;

A study has revealed a unique method devised by penguins in Antarctica that enables them to take care of their eggs and their young ones round-the-clock. The study says that Chinstrap Penguins in Antarctica use 'microsleep' to be on guard round the clock. These microsleeps last only for about four seconds at a time and hence these penguins can take thousands of such 'power naps' during the day, the study says. When totalled, these microsleeps come to 11 hours per day. But with a four-second nap, the penguin parents can be ever-vigilant to guard their eggs and chicks.

Watch | Antarctica sea-ice at 'mind-blowing' low

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“These penguins look like drowsy drivers, blinking their eyes open and shut, and they do it 24/7 for several weeks at a time,” said Niels Rattenborg as quoted by the Associated Press.&nbsp;

“What’s surprising is that they’re able to function OK and successfully raise their young,” he said.

Rattenborg is a sleep researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence in Germany. He is the co-author of the study reported&nbsp;the AP.

<h2>The need to be on guard</h2>

The Chinstrap penguins breed in November. The mated pairs build nests of stones and lay the eggs. One penguin takes the parental responsibility while the other hunts for food for both of them, and later also for chicks.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/are-cat-ladies-more-at-risk-of-schizophrenia-study-shows-mysterious-link-667591">Are cat moms more at risk of schizophrenia? Study shows mysterious link</a>

The adults of these penguins don't have many natural predators but birds called brown skuas are after their eggs and small chicks. There is also a possibility of other adult penguins stealing stones from the nests.

<h2>The study</h2>

For their study, the scientists reportedly tracked the sleeping behaviour of Chinstrap penguins in Antarctica by attaching sensors to their heads. Fourteen penguins on King George Island off the coast of Antarctica were fitted with these sensors. The observations were made over 11 days.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ancient-egyptians-didnt-treat-the-baboons-right-and-we-have-proof-667225">Ancient Egypt's sacred baboons were not treated right, and we have proof</a>

The researchers found that member of the pair who was incubating the eggs or looking after newborns took 'microsleeps'. One of the co-authors of the study has been quoted by AP as saying that more research was needed to conclusively prove that microsleep had same benefit as that of consolidated sleep but the method adopted by the penguins may certainly have restorative benefits.

(With inputs from agencies)

Having a baby is not just giving birth to a new life. All that follows puts a major strain on the lives of new parents. Take for example the very early days when the infant has no sleep schedule, or any schedule at all.

Having a baby is not just giving birth to a new life. All that follows puts a major strain on the lives of new parents. Take for example the very early days when the infant has no sleep schedule, or any schedule at all. Calming a crying child at say 4 am at night becomes just another thing for the parents. The strain of looking after their offsprings is common to all species. A study has revealed a unique method devised by penguins in Antarctica that enables them to take care of their eggs and their young ones round-the-clock. The study says that Chinstrap Penguins in Antarctica use 'microsleep' to be on guard round the clock. These microsleeps last only for about four seconds at a time and hence these penguins can take thousands of such 'power naps' during the day, the study says. When totalled, these microsleeps come to 11 hours per day. But with a four-second nap, the penguin parents can be ever-vigilant to guard their eggs and chicks. Watch | Antarctica sea-ice at 'mind-blowing' low × “These penguins look like drowsy drivers, blinking their eyes open and shut, and they do it 24/7 for several weeks at a time,” said Niels Rattenborg as quoted by the Associated Press. “What’s surprising is that they’re able to function OK and successfully raise their young,” he said. Rattenborg is a sleep researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence in Germany. He is the co-author of the study reported the AP. The need to be on guard The Chinstrap penguins breed in November. The mated pairs build nests of stones and lay the eggs. One penguin takes the parental responsibility while the other hunts for food for both of them, and later also for chicks. Also Read | Are cat moms more at risk of schizophrenia? Study shows mysterious link The adults of these penguins don't have many natural predators but birds called brown skuas are after their eggs and small chicks. There is also a possibility of other adult penguins stealing stones from the nests. The study For their study, the scientists reportedly tracked the sleeping behaviour of Chinstrap penguins in Antarctica by attaching sensors to their heads. Fourteen penguins on King George Island off the coast of Antarctica were fitted with these sensors. The observations were made over 11 days. Also Read | Ancient Egypt's sacred baboons were not treated right, and we have proof The researchers found that member of the pair who was incubating the eggs or looking after newborns took 'microsleeps'. One of the co-authors of the study has been quoted by AP as saying that more research was needed to conclusively prove that microsleep had same benefit as that of consolidated sleep but the method adopted by the penguins may certainly have restorative benefits. (With inputs from agencies)

Penguins sleep for few seconds at a time over 24 hours to protect eggs: Study

World's largest iceberg, formerly part of Antarctica, is moving away from the continent and has had scientists around the world focus their gaze on it. The iceberg, named A23a, had detached itself from the Antarctic shore in 1986 but had grounded itself to become a sort of an 'ice island'. But now, its movement may soon take it beyond Antarctic waters.

A23a is almost 4,000 sq km in area. This makes it more than twice the size of Greater London. When it split from Antarctica in 1986, it had a Soviet research base on it. The Soviets quickly sent an expedition to the iceberg thinking they were about to lose the base and all the equipment.

But A23a, after detaching itself from Antarctica, got 'grounded' in the Weddell Sea. But after 40 years of being in place, it is moving again.

"I asked a couple of colleagues about this, wondering if there was any possible change in shelf water temperatures that might have provoked it, but the consensus is the time had just come," said Dr Andrew Fleming, a remote sensing expert from the British Antarctic Survey.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/blue-whales-return-to-indian-ocean-region-decades-after-being-wiped-out-due-to-whaling-study-662029">Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study</a>

"It was grounded since 1986 but eventually it was going to decrease (in size) sufficiently to lose grip and start moving. I spotted first movement back in 2020."

Fleming was quoted by BBC.

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The movement of A23a has quickened in recent months due to winds and currents. It is being predicted that it'll get tossed towards southern part of the Atlantic Ocean near an island named South Georgia. The island is home to millions of seals, penguins and other birds. There is fear that if A23a moves near South Georgia Island, it may interfere with the habitat of wild animals and birds there and may even affect their food source. But these are speculations at the moment.

BBC has quoted experts to say that the detachment of the iceberg and its movement away from Antarctica may not exactly be a fallout of climate change. 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

World's largest iceberg, formerly part of Antarctica, is moving away from the continent and has had scientists around the world focus their gaze on it. The iceberg, named A23a, had detached itself from the Antarctic shore in 1986 but had grounded itself to become a sort of an 'ice island'.

World's largest iceberg, formerly part of Antarctica, is moving away from the continent and has had scientists around the world focus their gaze on it. The iceberg, named A23a, had detached itself from the Antarctic shore in 1986 but had grounded itself to become a sort of an 'ice island'. But now, its movement may soon take it beyond Antarctic waters. A23a is almost 4,000 sq km in area. This makes it more than twice the size of Greater London. When it split from Antarctica in 1986, it had a Soviet research base on it. The Soviets quickly sent an expedition to the iceberg thinking they were about to lose the base and all the equipment. But A23a, after detaching itself from Antarctica, got 'grounded' in the Weddell Sea. But after 40 years of being in place, it is moving again. "I asked a couple of colleagues about this, wondering if there was any possible change in shelf water temperatures that might have provoked it, but the consensus is the time had just come," said Dr Andrew Fleming, a remote sensing expert from the British Antarctic Survey. Also Read | Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study "It was grounded since 1986 but eventually it was going to decrease (in size) sufficiently to lose grip and start moving. I spotted first movement back in 2020." Fleming was quoted by BBC. Also Read | Artificial Intelligence could aid humanity's effort to free oceans from plastic, research shows The movement of A23a has quickened in recent months due to winds and currents. It is being predicted that it'll get tossed towards southern part of the Atlantic Ocean near an island named South Georgia. The island is home to millions of seals, penguins and other birds. There is fear that if A23a moves near South Georgia Island, it may interfere with the habitat of wild animals and birds there and may even affect their food source. But these are speculations at the moment. BBC has quoted experts to say that the detachment of the iceberg and its movement away from Antarctica may not exactly be a fallout of climate change. (With inputs from agencies)

World's largest iceberg, bigger than Greater London, is moving away from Antarctica

The world's biggest iceberg called as A23a which is twice the size of greater London is now about to spill beyond Antarctic waters. How will the iceberg's passing through the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula? What impact could it produce? Let's find out.

World's largest iceberg A23a could cause problems for fauna in South Georgia Island

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres visited Antarctica on Thursday ahead of the COP28 climate talks. Previously, he stated that carbon emissions must be reduced globally to stop this fragile ecosystem from melting.Antarctic ice is melting as a result of rising air and ocean temperatures.

UN chief Guterres visits Antarctica ahead of COP 28

An interesting phenomenon is emerging in Antarctica. A new study has revealed that the reduction in sea ice in the continent is linked to heavier snowfall in the region.

This new trend can partially counteract the impact of melting ice, thus slowing down the increase in global sea levels.

<h2>More sea melting leads to heavier snowfall</h2>

A team of scientists published the study in Geophysical Research Letters. After analysing regions near the Amundsen Sea in West Antarctica, they found that ice-free ocean surface leads to more precipitation and snowfall in the region.

However, the scientists made it clear that the increased rate of snowfall was not enough to completely offset the impact of climate change and ice melting.

Luke Trusel, assistant professor of geography at Penn State and co-author of the study, said that scientists also need to take into account the amount of snowfall that occurs in the region to fully understand the impact of ice melting on global sea levels.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat

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"For a place like Antarctica, which is just massive, the amount of snow falling on top of the ice sheet is as important or even more important than other processes like meltwater or ice breaking off," Trusel said.&nbsp;

"We're tracking both snowfall and melt to understand both ends of the equation—what takes from sea level and what gets returned to the ocean. We want to know how those factors are impacting the ice sheets," he added.

<h2>How is sea ice linked to evaporation?</h2>

According to researchers, sea ice plays a key role in modulating the evaporation process around the Arctic region.&nbsp;

The lack of sea ice amplifies the evaporation process, thus bringing more snowfall in those regions.

Jessica Kromer, a doctoral candidate at Penn State and lead author, further explained the importance of sea ice in a statement cited by Phys.org.&nbsp;

"It reflects sunlight, aids in cooling the planet and influences interactions between the atmosphere and ocean, including oceanic evaporation. We found that precipitation varies so much year to year. In some years, precipitation can take away from sea level or lessen the impact of the ice discharged from the sheets," she said.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/bird-flu-detected-in-antarctica-region-for-the-first-time-experts-raise-concerns-650939">Also read:&nbsp;Bird flu detected in Antarctica region for the first time, experts raise concerns</a>

The researchers concluded that as our planet gets warmer, it will lead to even faster melting of sea ice in Antarctica, which will in return further amplify evaporation and the ensuing snowfall.

This can momentarily stave off rising sea levels but not in the long term.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

An interesting phenomenon is emerging in Antarctica. A new study has revealed that the reduction in sea ice in the continent is linked to heavier snowfall in the region.

An interesting phenomenon is emerging in Antarctica. A new study has revealed that the reduction in sea ice in the continent is linked to heavier snowfall in the region. This new trend can partially counteract the impact of melting ice, thus slowing down the increase in global sea levels. More sea melting leads to heavier snowfall A team of scientists published the study in Geophysical Research Letters. After analysing regions near the Amundsen Sea in West Antarctica, they found that ice-free ocean surface leads to more precipitation and snowfall in the region. However, the scientists made it clear that the increased rate of snowfall was not enough to completely offset the impact of climate change and ice melting. Luke Trusel, assistant professor of geography at Penn State and co-author of the study, said that scientists also need to take into account the amount of snowfall that occurs in the region to fully understand the impact of ice melting on global sea levels. Watch: Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat × "For a place like Antarctica, which is just massive, the amount of snow falling on top of the ice sheet is as important or even more important than other processes like meltwater or ice breaking off," Trusel said. "We're tracking both snowfall and melt to understand both ends of the equation—what takes from sea level and what gets returned to the ocean. We want to know how those factors are impacting the ice sheets," he added. How is sea ice linked to evaporation? According to researchers, sea ice plays a key role in modulating the evaporation process around the Arctic region. The lack of sea ice amplifies the evaporation process, thus bringing more snowfall in those regions. Jessica Kromer, a doctoral candidate at Penn State and lead author, further explained the importance of sea ice in a statement cited by Phys.org. "It reflects sunlight, aids in cooling the planet and influences interactions between the atmosphere and ocean, including oceanic evaporation. We found that precipitation varies so much year to year. In some years, precipitation can take away from sea level or lessen the impact of the ice discharged from the sheets," she said. Also read: Bird flu detected in Antarctica region for the first time, experts raise concerns The researchers concluded that as our planet gets warmer, it will lead to even faster melting of sea ice in Antarctica, which will in return further amplify evaporation and the ensuing snowfall. This can momentarily stave off rising sea levels but not in the long term. (With inputs from agencies)

Melting sea ice causing heavier snowfall in Antarctica, staving off high sea levels

Experts have raised concerns after avian influenza, or bird flu, was detected in the Antarctica region for the first time. British experts say that the deadly virus could pose a threat to penguins and other local species.&nbsp;

The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) said its staff at Bird Island, which is a remote British research station, noticed that a type of bird called skuas were sick and dying in South Georgia.&nbsp;

The tests were sent to Britain and the brown skua seabirds were found positive for avian influenza, said the UK's Polar Research Institute in a statement on Monday (Oct 23).&nbsp;

It added that the virus was most likely brought by birds returning from their migration to South America, where there has been a huge number of bird flu cases.&nbsp;

The virus has already killed an estimated 500,000 seabirds and 20,000 sea lions in Chile and Peru alone.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-ancient-tectonic-plate-that-disappeared-20-million-years-ago-650437">Scientists discover ancient tectonic plate that disappeared 20 million years ago</a>

The statement added that the visitors to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are under enhanced biosecurity measures. They also added that in that region, the scientific fieldwork involving birds has been stopped.&nbsp;

There have been regular bird flu outbreaks since the virus first emerged in 1996. Much larger outbreaks started to spread southward to previously untouched areas, including South America since mid-2021. It led to mass deaths among wild birds and tens of millions of poultry being culled.&nbsp;

Michelle Wille, who is a bird flu expert at the University of Melbourne, said the spread of bird flu to the Antarctica region was "devastating news".&nbsp;

She wrote on X, formerly Twitter: "The situation could change rapidly."&nbsp;

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As quoted by The Guardian, Ashley Bennison, the BAS science manager for Bird Island, said: "This is a particularly sad event to confirm. We will continue to monitor the species on the island as best as we can and keep the science going, but we are unsure of the full impact at the moment."&nbsp;

Ian Brown, virology head at the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency, warned last week that there was a risk migrating birds could spread the virus from South America to the Antarctica islands and then onto the main landmass.

This could be a "real concern" for populations of birds such as penguins that are unique to Antarctica, he told journalists.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Experts have raised concerns after avian influenza, or bird flu, was detected in the Antarctica region for the first time. British experts say that the deadly virus could pose a threat to penguins and other local species.

Experts have raised concerns after avian influenza, or bird flu, was detected in the Antarctica region for the first time. British experts say that the deadly virus could pose a threat to penguins and other local species. The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) said its staff at Bird Island, which is a remote British research station, noticed that a type of bird called skuas were sick and dying in South Georgia. The tests were sent to Britain and the brown skua seabirds were found positive for avian influenza, said the UK's Polar Research Institute in a statement on Monday (Oct 23). It added that the virus was most likely brought by birds returning from their migration to South America, where there has been a huge number of bird flu cases. The virus has already killed an estimated 500,000 seabirds and 20,000 sea lions in Chile and Peru alone. Also read: Scientists discover ancient tectonic plate that disappeared 20 million years ago The statement added that the visitors to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are under enhanced biosecurity measures. They also added that in that region, the scientific fieldwork involving birds has been stopped. There have been regular bird flu outbreaks since the virus first emerged in 1996. Much larger outbreaks started to spread southward to previously untouched areas, including South America since mid-2021. It led to mass deaths among wild birds and tens of millions of poultry being culled. Michelle Wille, who is a bird flu expert at the University of Melbourne, said the spread of bird flu to the Antarctica region was "devastating news". She wrote on X, formerly Twitter: "The situation could change rapidly." Also read: California's supervolcano shows signs of activity, over 2,000 earthquakes rumble beneath valley As quoted by The Guardian, Ashley Bennison, the BAS science manager for Bird Island, said: "This is a particularly sad event to confirm. We will continue to monitor the species on the island as best as we can and keep the science going, but we are unsure of the full impact at the moment." Ian Brown, virology head at the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency, warned last week that there was a risk migrating birds could spread the virus from South America to the Antarctica islands and then onto the main landmass. This could be a "real concern" for populations of birds such as penguins that are unique to Antarctica, he told journalists. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Bird flu detected in Antarctica region for the first time, experts raise concerns

Antarctica, known for its pristine and secluded landscapes, now faces an unprecedented threat as avian flu, a lethal variant of bird flu, has been identified on Bird Island, a part of the British overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

This discovery has raised concerns among scientists, environmentalists, and wildlife experts about the potentially devastating consequences for the region's unique wildlife and ecosystems.

<h2>The spread of H5N1</h2>

Avian flu, specifically the H5N1 subtype, has gained notoriety for its global spread.

H5N1 is classified as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) due to its severe impact on poultry populations.

Historically, avian flu outbreaks followed seasonal patterns. However, since 2021, they have become persistent, resulting in the deaths of millions of birds in 2022.

The relentless spread of this virus has raised concerns about its potential threat to wildlife in the uncharted territories of Antarctica.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/over-75-trillion-tonnes-decline-in-antarcticas-ice-shelves-since-1997-half-show-no-sign-of-recovery-646295">Also read |&nbsp;Over 7.5 trillion tonnes decline in Antarctica's ice shelves since 1997, half show 'no sign of recovery'</a>

<h2>Challenges in human and interspecies transmission</h2>

H5N1, in its complexity, presents challenges not only in transmission but also in its genetic makeup. The virus is notoriously difficult to transmit from animals to humans, and human-to-human transmission is exceptionally rare.

However, the scientific community remains vigilant about the potential consequences of co-infection, where individuals could contract both H5N1 and seasonal flu viruses, leading to the exchange of genetic material with unpredictable outcomes.

Antarctica is home to a myriad of species that exist nowhere else on Earth. These unique organisms have evolved in isolation and have never encountered bird flu viruses.

The introduction of avian flu into this ecosystem poses a grave threat. The largely unknown response of these species to the virus creates a sense of urgency among scientists to understand and mitigate the potential consequences.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/antarctica-likely-warming-much-faster-than-prediction-of-climate-change-models-study-633633">Also read |&nbsp;Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study</a>

<h2>Unique bird species under threat</h2>

Bird Island, situated about 966 kilometres&nbsp;southeast of the Falkland Islands, is one of the world's richest biodiversity hotspots.

It is home to approximately 50,000 breeding pairs of penguins and an impressive 65,000 pairs of fur seals. The island also hosts various endangered bird species.

The presence of avian flu on Bird Island could lead to catastrophic breeding failures, potentially causing a devastating impact on the island's diverse and unique wildlife.

<h2>Risk assessment&nbsp;</h2>

The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research conducted a comprehensive risk assessment to understand the potential impact of avian flu on Antarctica. Penguins, birds of prey, sheathbills, and giant petrels are identified as the most vulnerable species, facing direct threats from the virus. Following them are fur seals, sea lions, skuas, and gulls, which also face a considerable risk.

Dr&nbsp;Meagan Dewar, chair of the Antarctic Wildlife Health Network, serves as the lead author of a report emphasising the potential for "catastrophic breeding failure" in Antarctica due to avian flu. He told the Telegraph that the consequences of such an event would have a "devastating impact on many wildlife species."&nbsp;

<h2>Alarming presence on south Georgia</h2>

South Georgia, the territory where the infected skuas were discovered, is a crucial region for a variety of species. It houses a diverse array of wildlife, including albatrosses, macaroni and Gentoo penguins, as well as northern and southern giant petrels.

Experts are deeply concerned that these bird populations may also contract the virus. Avian flu is primarily transmitted through direct contact or faeces, raising concerns about its potential spread in this critical region.

Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat

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<h2>What makes Antarctica so unique?</h2>

Antarctica is a vast continent blanketed in ice and surrounded by ocean, differing from the Arctic, which is an icy sea enclosed by landmasses. Its immense size surpasses that of Europe and even during summer, it remains 62 times larger than the UK. Antarctica boasts several extreme superlatives – it is the highest, driest, windiest, and coldest continent, with its temperature plummeting to a chilling -94°C. Paradoxically, it experiences minimal snowfall, as its arid conditions classify it as a polar desert.

For a portion of the year, Antarctica is shrouded in darkness, devoid of trees and shrubs, with only two native flowering plant species. Notably, no permanent human inhabitants or native populations exist in Antarctica. Nevertheless, it draws up to 5,000 scientists and researchers, including WWF-supported teams studying Emperor and Adélie penguins. Approximately 30,000 tourists visit annually, necessitating stringent management to safeguard this unspoiled environment.

Despite being one of the world's least disturbed regions, Antarctica faces growing vulnerability, particularly to the impacts of global warming and climate change.

<h2>Antarctica's lack of immunity</h2>

Antarctica has never experienced a bird flu outbreak, resulting in a lack of immunity among the local wildlife populations. Dr Thijs Kuiken, a veterinary pathologist at Erasmus University Medical Centre in the Netherlands, told the New York Times,&nbsp;that the population is "completely naive" to the virus, significantly increasing the risk of high mortality rates if an outbreak were to occur.

The detection of avian flu on Bird Island in Antarctica is an alarming development that raises significant concerns about the region's fragile ecosystem and its unique wildlife.

As scientists continue to monitor the situation, the ultimate impact of this virus on Antarctica remains uncertain.&nbsp;

Antarctica, known for its pristine and secluded landscapes, now faces an unprecedented threat as avian flu, a lethal variant of bird flu, has been identified on Bird Island, a part of the British overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

Antarctica, known for its pristine and secluded landscapes, now faces an unprecedented threat as avian flu, a lethal variant of bird flu, has been identified on Bird Island, a part of the British overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. This discovery has raised concerns among scientists, environmentalists, and wildlife experts about the potentially devastating consequences for the region's unique wildlife and ecosystems. The spread of H5N1 Avian flu, specifically the H5N1 subtype, has gained notoriety for its global spread. H5N1 is classified as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) due to its severe impact on poultry populations. Historically, avian flu outbreaks followed seasonal patterns. However, since 2021, they have become persistent, resulting in the deaths of millions of birds in 2022. The relentless spread of this virus has raised concerns about its potential threat to wildlife in the uncharted territories of Antarctica. Also read | Over 7.5 trillion tonnes decline in Antarctica's ice shelves since 1997, half show 'no sign of recovery' Challenges in human and interspecies transmission H5N1, in its complexity, presents challenges not only in transmission but also in its genetic makeup. The virus is notoriously difficult to transmit from animals to humans, and human-to-human transmission is exceptionally rare. However, the scientific community remains vigilant about the potential consequences of co-infection, where individuals could contract both H5N1 and seasonal flu viruses, leading to the exchange of genetic material with unpredictable outcomes. Antarctica is home to a myriad of species that exist nowhere else on Earth. These unique organisms have evolved in isolation and have never encountered bird flu viruses. The introduction of avian flu into this ecosystem poses a grave threat. The largely unknown response of these species to the virus creates a sense of urgency among scientists to understand and mitigate the potential consequences. Also read | Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study Unique bird species under threat Bird Island, situated about 966 kilometres southeast of the Falkland Islands, is one of the world's richest biodiversity hotspots. It is home to approximately 50,000 breeding pairs of penguins and an impressive 65,000 pairs of fur seals. The island also hosts various endangered bird species. The presence of avian flu on Bird Island could lead to catastrophic breeding failures, potentially causing a devastating impact on the island's diverse and unique wildlife. Risk assessment The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research conducted a comprehensive risk assessment to understand the potential impact of avian flu on Antarctica. Penguins, birds of prey, sheathbills, and giant petrels are identified as the most vulnerable species, facing direct threats from the virus. Following them are fur seals, sea lions, skuas, and gulls, which also face a considerable risk. Dr Meagan Dewar, chair of the Antarctic Wildlife Health Network, serves as the lead author of a report emphasising the potential for "catastrophic breeding failure" in Antarctica due to avian flu. He told the Telegraph that the consequences of such an event would have a "devastating impact on many wildlife species." Alarming presence on south Georgia South Georgia, the territory where the infected skuas were discovered, is a crucial region for a variety of species. It houses a diverse array of wildlife, including albatrosses, macaroni and Gentoo penguins, as well as northern and southern giant petrels. Experts are deeply concerned that these bird populations may also contract the virus. Avian flu is primarily transmitted through direct contact or faeces, raising concerns about its potential spread in this critical region. Also watch | Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat What makes Antarctica so unique? Antarctica is a vast continent blanketed in ice and surrounded by ocean, differing from the Arctic, which is an icy sea enclosed by landmasses. Its immense size surpasses that of Europe and even during summer, it remains 62 times larger than the UK. Antarctica boasts several extreme superlatives – it is the highest, driest, windiest, and coldest continent, with its temperature plummeting to a chilling -94°C. Paradoxically, it experiences minimal snowfall, as its arid conditions classify it as a polar desert. For a portion of the year, Antarctica is shrouded in darkness, devoid of trees and shrubs, with only two native flowering plant species. Notably, no permanent human inhabitants or native populations exist in Antarctica. Nevertheless, it draws up to 5,000 scientists and researchers, including WWF-supported teams studying Emperor and Adélie penguins. Approximately 30,000 tourists visit annually, necessitating stringent management to safeguard this unspoiled environment. Despite being one of the world's least disturbed regions, Antarctica faces growing vulnerability, particularly to the impacts of global warming and climate change. Antarctica's lack of immunity Antarctica has never experienced a bird flu outbreak, resulting in a lack of immunity among the local wildlife populations. Dr Thijs Kuiken, a veterinary pathologist at Erasmus University Medical Centre in the Netherlands, told the New York Times, that the population is "completely naive" to the virus, significantly increasing the risk of high mortality rates if an outbreak were to occur. The detection of avian flu on Bird Island in Antarctica is an alarming development that raises significant concerns about the region's fragile ecosystem and its unique wildlife. As scientists continue to monitor the situation, the ultimate impact of this virus on Antarctica remains uncertain.

Explained | Will bird flu's arrival in Antarctica spell 'catastrophe' for its unique wildlife?

Here, we bring you the news that is trending across WION's social media platforms - Bird flu detected in Antarctica for the first time, Scientists create 'identical twin' universe using the biggest supercomputer, American woman lives with no pulse due to rare 'heart condition'.

Bird flu detected in Antarctica | Scientists create 'identical twin' universe | Trending on WION

The coming decades will likely witness a substantial acceleration in the melting of West Antarctica's ice shelves, even if the world cuts down on planet-warming emissions, warns new research.&nbsp;

This, as per a study Monday, published in the journal Nature Climate Change on Monday, would drive rising sea levels.

<h2>'Lost control'</h2>

The study, as per AFP, found that no matter the degree of warming this century, West Antarctica's Ice Sheet melting will speed up as warmer water in the Amundsen Sea erodes ice shelves bordering the ocean.

As per estimates, even under the best-case scenario, if humanity were to successfully limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels, ice would still melt three times faster this century than it did last century.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/over-75-trillion-tonnes-decline-in-antarcticas-ice-shelves-since-1997-half-show-no-sign-of-recovery-646295">Over 7.5 trillion tonnes decline in Antarctica's ice shelves since 1997, half show 'no sign of recovery'</a>

Researchers, as per Reuters, warned that humans had "lost control" of the fate of thinning ice shelves.

"Reducing emissions can help to prevent the worst-case scenario of melting, but beyond that mitigation has a negligible impact," said Kaitlin Naughten, the study's lead author, and an ocean-ice modeller at the British Antarctic Survey.&nbsp;

"It appears that we may have lost control of the West Antarctic ice shelf melting over the 21st century."

<h2>How did researchers conclude this ominous future?</h2>

Researchers used computer modelling to determine that faster ice shelf melting is already inevitable in the coming decades as the ocean warms.

They ran simulations on Britain's national supercomputer. These simulations were based on a single model and were used to assess increases in ocean temperatures under different warming scenarios.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/antarctica-likely-warming-much-faster-than-prediction-of-climate-change-models-study-633633">Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study</a>

"Our simulation suggests that we are now committed to a rapid increase in the rate of ocean warming and ice shelf melting for the rest of the century," said Naughten while talking to reporters.&nbsp;

As per Tiago Segabinazzi Dotto, a senior research scientist at Britain's National Oceanography Centre, the results "need to be treated carefully since different models and even ensembles of the same model can give different responses". However, Dotto, who was not part of the study, acknowledged that the findings align with other research pointing to the imminent collapse of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The coming decades will likely witness a substantial acceleration in the melting of West Antarctica's ice shelves, even if the world cuts down on planet-warming emissions, warns new research.

The coming decades will likely witness a substantial acceleration in the melting of West Antarctica's ice shelves, even if the world cuts down on planet-warming emissions, warns new research. This, as per a study Monday, published in the journal Nature Climate Change on Monday, would drive rising sea levels. 'Lost control' The study, as per AFP, found that no matter the degree of warming this century, West Antarctica's Ice Sheet melting will speed up as warmer water in the Amundsen Sea erodes ice shelves bordering the ocean. As per estimates, even under the best-case scenario, if humanity were to successfully limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels, ice would still melt three times faster this century than it did last century. Also read | Over 7.5 trillion tonnes decline in Antarctica's ice shelves since 1997, half show 'no sign of recovery' Researchers, as per Reuters, warned that humans had "lost control" of the fate of thinning ice shelves. "Reducing emissions can help to prevent the worst-case scenario of melting, but beyond that mitigation has a negligible impact," said Kaitlin Naughten, the study's lead author, and an ocean-ice modeller at the British Antarctic Survey. "It appears that we may have lost control of the West Antarctic ice shelf melting over the 21st century." How did researchers conclude this ominous future? Researchers used computer modelling to determine that faster ice shelf melting is already inevitable in the coming decades as the ocean warms. They ran simulations on Britain's national supercomputer. These simulations were based on a single model and were used to assess increases in ocean temperatures under different warming scenarios. Also read | Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study "Our simulation suggests that we are now committed to a rapid increase in the rate of ocean warming and ice shelf melting for the rest of the century," said Naughten while talking to reporters. As per Tiago Segabinazzi Dotto, a senior research scientist at Britain's National Oceanography Centre, the results "need to be treated carefully since different models and even ensembles of the same model can give different responses". However, Dotto, who was not part of the study, acknowledged that the findings align with other research pointing to the imminent collapse of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Humans have 'lost control,' no amount of emission cut will slow down melting of Antarctica ice shelves: Study

The satellite data shows that this year's hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica has grown to become one of the biggest ever seen, with experts suggesting that the massive gap could have been caused by the eruption of Tonga's underwater volcano in early 2022.&nbsp;

Tonga was rocked by a massive underwater volcano last year in January and the eruption triggered Tsunami warnings. The dramatic explosion of the Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai volcano was even seen in satellite images as the eruption sent smoke and ash into the air.&nbsp;

European Space Agency's (ESA) Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite observed that the ozone hole reached approximately 26 million square kilometres in area on Sep 16, 2023.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/bumblebees-have-a-remarkably-successful-way-of-fighting-off-asian-hornets-study-643431">Bumblebees have a ‘remarkably successful’ way of fighting off invasive Asian hornets</a>&nbsp;

The findings suggest that the gap has become one of the largest seasonal holes ever observed. Previously, the largest ozone hole maximum occurred in 2000, when it reached nearly 28.4 million square kilometres in area.&nbsp;

ESA said that the hole, which is what scientists call an 'ozone-depleting area,' has reached roughly three times the size of Brazil.&nbsp;

The space agency explained how the ozone hole is measured. It noted that the ozone hole's dimensions change frequently, with the size of the ozone hole increasing from August through October, peaking between mid-September and mid-October.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/james-webb-finds-never-before-detected-pairs-of-planet-like-objects-in-the-orion-nebula-643329">James Webb telescope finds never-before detected pairs of planet-like objects in Orion Nebula</a>&nbsp;

The polar vortex begins to weaken and eventually dissipate as southern hemisphere stratospheric temperatures begin to climb. ESA said that by the end of December, ozone levels will be back to normal.&nbsp;

The ozone layer is basically a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer is a high concentration of ozone, which is a type of oxygen molecule with three atoms instead of two.&nbsp;

Copernicus Sentinel-5P – short for Sentinel-5 Precursor – is the first Copernicus satellite dedicated to monitoring our atmosphere. It was launched in October 2017. It is part of the fleet of Copernicus Sentinel missions that ESA develops for the European Union's environmental monitoring programme.

As quoted by ESA, Diego Loyola, DLR senior scientist, commented, "The Sentinel-5P total ozone products have an accuracy at the percentage level compared with ground-based data and this allows us to closely monitor the ozone layer and its evolution. The Tropomi measurements are extending the global ozone data record of European satellite sensors covering almost three decades."&nbsp;&nbsp;

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The satellite data shows that this year's hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica has grown to become one of the biggest ever seen, with experts suggesting that the massive gap could have been caused by the eruption of Tonga's underwater volcano in early 2022.

The satellite data shows that this year's hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica has grown to become one of the biggest ever seen, with experts suggesting that the massive gap could have been caused by the eruption of Tonga's underwater volcano in early 2022. Tonga was rocked by a massive underwater volcano last year in January and the eruption triggered Tsunami warnings. The dramatic explosion of the Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai volcano was even seen in satellite images as the eruption sent smoke and ash into the air. European Space Agency's (ESA) Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite observed that the ozone hole reached approximately 26 million square kilometres in area on Sep 16, 2023. Also read: Bumblebees have a ‘remarkably successful’ way of fighting off invasive Asian hornets The findings suggest that the gap has become one of the largest seasonal holes ever observed. Previously, the largest ozone hole maximum occurred in 2000, when it reached nearly 28.4 million square kilometres in area. ESA said that the hole, which is what scientists call an 'ozone-depleting area,' has reached roughly three times the size of Brazil. The space agency explained how the ozone hole is measured. It noted that the ozone hole's dimensions change frequently, with the size of the ozone hole increasing from August through October, peaking between mid-September and mid-October. Also read: James Webb telescope finds never-before detected pairs of planet-like objects in Orion Nebula The polar vortex begins to weaken and eventually dissipate as southern hemisphere stratospheric temperatures begin to climb. ESA said that by the end of December, ozone levels will be back to normal. The ozone layer is basically a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer is a high concentration of ozone, which is a type of oxygen molecule with three atoms instead of two. Copernicus Sentinel-5P – short for Sentinel-5 Precursor – is the first Copernicus satellite dedicated to monitoring our atmosphere. It was launched in October 2017. It is part of the fleet of Copernicus Sentinel missions that ESA develops for the European Union's environmental monitoring programme. As quoted by ESA, Diego Loyola, DLR senior scientist, commented, "The Sentinel-5P total ozone products have an accuracy at the percentage level compared with ground-based data and this allows us to closely monitor the ozone layer and its evolution. The Tropomi measurements are extending the global ozone data record of European satellite sensors covering almost three decades." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Ozone hole over Antarctica grows to three times size of Brazil, is one of the biggest on record

Antarctica is likely warming much faster than the predictions made by climate change models. Citing a study, a report by The Guardian on Thursday (September 7) said that scientists analysed 78 Antarctic ice cores to recreate temperatures going back 1,000 years and found the warming across the continent was outside what could be expected from natural swings.

The scientists analysed these ice cores that hold a record of temperature and then compared those temperatures to climate models and observations. The study found that Antarctica was warming at a rate of between 0.22°C and 0.32°C per decade, compared to 0.18°C per decade predicted by climate models.

Dr Mathieu Casado, the lead author of the study, said scientists found direct evidence that Antarctica was also now undergoing polar amplification. Dr Casado, who works at France's Science du Climat et de l’Environnement, added that it was extremely concerning to see such significant warming in Antarctica, beyond natural variability.

The Guardian reported that in West Antarctica, a region considered particularly vulnerable to warming with an ice sheet that could push up global sea levels by several metres if it collapsed,&nbsp;warming could be at twice the rate suggested by climate models.

Dr Sarah Jackson of the Australian National University, who was not part of the study, described the findings as deeply concerning and said, “All our projections for future sea level rise use these low rates of warming. Our models might be underestimating the loss of ice that we might get."

Meanwhile, Dr Danielle Udy from the University of Tasmania, who was also not involved in the study, said the research was timely “given the extreme events we have been seeing in Antarctica.”

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Antarctica is likely warming much faster than the predictions made by climate change models. Citing a study, a report by The Guardian on Thursday (September 7) said that scientists analysed 78 Antarctic ice cores to recreate temperatures going back 1,000 years and found the warming across the continent was outside what could be expected from natural swings.

Antarctica is likely warming much faster than the predictions made by climate change models. Citing a study, a report by The Guardian on Thursday (September 7) said that scientists analysed 78 Antarctic ice cores to recreate temperatures going back 1,000 years and found the warming across the continent was outside what could be expected from natural swings. The scientists analysed these ice cores that hold a record of temperature and then compared those temperatures to climate models and observations. The study found that Antarctica was warming at a rate of between 0.22°C and 0.32°C per decade, compared to 0.18°C per decade predicted by climate models. Dr Mathieu Casado, the lead author of the study, said scientists found direct evidence that Antarctica was also now undergoing polar amplification. Dr Casado, who works at France's Science du Climat et de l’Environnement, added that it was extremely concerning to see such significant warming in Antarctica, beyond natural variability. The Guardian reported that in West Antarctica, a region considered particularly vulnerable to warming with an ice sheet that could push up global sea levels by several metres if it collapsed, warming could be at twice the rate suggested by climate models. Dr Sarah Jackson of the Australian National University, who was not part of the study, described the findings as deeply concerning and said, “All our projections for future sea level rise use these low rates of warming. Our models might be underestimating the loss of ice that we might get." Meanwhile, Dr Danielle Udy from the University of Tasmania, who was also not involved in the study, said the research was timely “given the extreme events we have been seeing in Antarctica.” WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study

Sea ice that packs the ocean around Antarctica hit record low levels this winter. Researchers warn the shift can have dire consequences for animals like penguins who breed and rear their young on the sea ice. Watch this story to know why scientists fear that the impact of climate change at the southern pole is ramping up.

Gravitas: Melting poles in Antarctica under threat

A recent study has found that the most intense heat wave ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in March 2022, when the temperatures near the eastern coast reached 39 degrees Celsius above average.

A recent study has found that the most intense heat wave ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in March 2022, when the temperatures near the eastern coast reached 39 degrees Celsius above average. Some researchers at the site wore shorts, while some removed their shirts to loll in the warmth. However, scientists from other regions believe such a high temperature in the area was unimaginable, the Washington Post reported. Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington and the study's author, said, "It was just very apparent that it was a remarkable event. We found that temperature anomaly, the 39-degree temperature anomaly. That's the largest anywhere ever measured anywhere in the world." Generally, the temperatures in March on the east coast of Antarctica near Dome C are around minus 54 degrees Celsius, marking a transition into autumn on the continent. However, on 18 March 2022, temperatures reached minus 10 degrees Celsius, warmer than the hottest temperature recorded during the summer months in that region. ALSO READ | Lunar soil? Low gravity? Why didn't Chandrayaan-3 leave India's imprint on Moon's surface? Blanchard-Wrigglesworth and his team studied how and why such an unbelievable heatwave occurred, especially when there was less sunlight. They found that extreme heat was part of Antarctica's natural variability. However, the warming climate did have the same effect. According to the study published in the peer-reviewed journal Geophysical Research Letters, winds usually blow from west to east around Antarctica, helping the continent to isolate from warmer regions farther north and allowing it to stay cold. However, like the heatwaves in the United States, the winds curled, enabling warm air from southern Australia to move to East Antarctica in only four days. Furthermore, the northern winds brought a lot of moisture, bringing snow, rain and melting on the eastern coast of the ice sheet. During the same time, Antarctica also experienced the lowest sea ice on record. However, the team suggested it was not due to the influence of the heatwave. The study found that the big swings in weather are not unusual in the polar regions. The research team analysed data from the global weather station and found the highest temperature changes from average usually occur in high latitudes. European countries or the United States never experience such anomalous heat waves. As we go higher in the atmosphere, the air gets cooler. However, high latitudes with snow have colder air near the ground and warmer air above it. In such spots, a warm air mass can dive in to replace the cold air and form warm weather. These events usually occur during or around winter. "That's what we saw for the Antarctic heat wave. These events erode that inversion," Blanchard-Wrigglesworth said. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Antarctica witnessed most intense heatwave ever recorded on Earth in 2022, reveals study

Sea ice in Antarctica keeps plummeting to dangerous new lows. Sea ice levels at our planet's South Pole hit yet another record low for the winter season in mid-September, according to new satellite imagery from the National Snow and Ice Data Center, as the BBC writes.

Antarctica sea-ice at 'mind-blowing' low

Satellite data shows that sea-ice around Antarctica has receded to historically low levels, a worrying trend indicating areas earlier perceived as resistant to global warming are no longer able to hold up.

According to polar experts, thinning ice at the two poles could have far-reaching ramifications for the planet.&nbsp;

It will also have a huge impact on climate change as Antarctica’s ice plays a big role in regulating the global temperature. The white ice reflects the Sun’s energy back into the atmosphere and cools water beneath it.

The ice that floats on the Antarctic Ocean's surface now measures less than 17 million sq km - that is 1.5 million sq km of sea ice less than the September average, and well below previous winter record lows, BBC reported.

Scientists are now rushing to identify the factors behind this rapid decline of snow ice in the South Polar Region.

<h2>How sea ice is formed in Antarctica?</h2>

Sea ice forms during Antarctica's winter season (March to October), later melting in the summer. It's an integral part of a larger system that includes icebergs, land ice, and expansive ice shelves extending from the coast.

Sea ice serves as a protective barrier for land ice, preventing the ocean from warming. Dr. Caroline Holmes of the British Antarctic Survey warns that the consequences of diminishing sea ice might become apparent during the transition to summer, potentially leading to an unstoppable feedback loop of ice melting.

Watch:&nbsp;Antarctica heating faster than expected

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As sea ice diminishes, it unveils dark ocean areas that absorb sunlight instead of reflecting it. This leads to the absorption of heat energy by the water, further accelerating ice melt—a phenomenon known as the 'ice-albedo effect'.&nbsp;

This could significantly increase heat in the environment, disrupting Antarctica's role as a global temperature regulator.

<h2>Why thinning sea ice is a big deal?</h2>

Since the 1990s, Antarctica's land ice loss has contributed to a 7.2mm rise in sea levels. Even modest sea-level increases can result in perilous storm surges, posing a threat to coastal communities. If substantial amounts of land ice were to melt, the consequences would be catastrophic for millions worldwide.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/antarctica-likely-warming-much-faster-than-prediction-of-climate-change-models-study-633633">Also read:&nbsp;Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study</a>

Antarctica, an isolated continent surrounded by water, possesses its distinct weather and climate system. Until 2016, its winter sea ice was expanding. However, an extreme heatwave in March 2022 in East Antarctica caused temperatures to rise to -10C, far from the expected -50C.

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Satellite data shows that sea-ice around Antarctica has receded to historically low levels, a worrying trend indicating areas earlier perceived as resistant to global warming are no longer able to hold up.

Satellite data shows that sea-ice around Antarctica has receded to historically low levels, a worrying trend indicating areas earlier perceived as resistant to global warming are no longer able to hold up. According to polar experts, thinning ice at the two poles could have far-reaching ramifications for the planet. It will also have a huge impact on climate change as Antarctica’s ice plays a big role in regulating the global temperature. The white ice reflects the Sun’s energy back into the atmosphere and cools water beneath it. The ice that floats on the Antarctic Ocean's surface now measures less than 17 million sq km - that is 1.5 million sq km of sea ice less than the September average, and well below previous winter record lows, BBC reported. Scientists are now rushing to identify the factors behind this rapid decline of snow ice in the South Polar Region. How sea ice is formed in Antarctica? Sea ice forms during Antarctica's winter season (March to October), later melting in the summer. It's an integral part of a larger system that includes icebergs, land ice, and expansive ice shelves extending from the coast. Sea ice serves as a protective barrier for land ice, preventing the ocean from warming. Dr. Caroline Holmes of the British Antarctic Survey warns that the consequences of diminishing sea ice might become apparent during the transition to summer, potentially leading to an unstoppable feedback loop of ice melting. Watch: Antarctica heating faster than expected × As sea ice diminishes, it unveils dark ocean areas that absorb sunlight instead of reflecting it. This leads to the absorption of heat energy by the water, further accelerating ice melt—a phenomenon known as the 'ice-albedo effect'. This could significantly increase heat in the environment, disrupting Antarctica's role as a global temperature regulator. Why thinning sea ice is a big deal? Since the 1990s, Antarctica's land ice loss has contributed to a 7.2mm rise in sea levels. Even modest sea-level increases can result in perilous storm surges, posing a threat to coastal communities. If substantial amounts of land ice were to melt, the consequences would be catastrophic for millions worldwide. Also read: Antarctica likely warming much faster than climate change models predicted: Study Antarctica, an isolated continent surrounded by water, possesses its distinct weather and climate system. Until 2016, its winter sea ice was expanding. However, an extreme heatwave in March 2022 in East Antarctica caused temperatures to rise to -10C, far from the expected -50C. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Sea ice around Antarctica recedes to historically low levels: Scientists

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