Salads and space are not meant to go together. As per research, vegetables could be more susceptible to bacterial infections in space than on Earth. The International Space Station might not be the ideal environment for cultivating healthy greens.

Why is eating salads in space a bad idea?

Japan's 'Moon Sniper' craft, also known as the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM), successfully executed a "soft landing" on the lunar surface on Friday (Jan 19). The Vice President of the Japanese space agency, Jaxa says, "Jaxa worked with toymaker, Sony, Academia to make moon rover." Watch to know more!

Japan's lunar landing: 'Toy robot can communicate with Earth,' says Jaxa VP

A privately built moon lander launched Monday morning to make the first U.S. soft lunar landing in more than 50 years failed to enter its correct orientation in space, suffering what its owners termed an "anomaly" that calls the mission's fate into question.

US: First Lunar mission in 50 years faces technical difficulties

NASA's James Webb celebrates two years of stunning observations. A look at NASA' James Webb space telescope's latest images. Watch the video to know more!

NASA's James Webb space telescope's latest images, captures new views of Universe

On January 20, Axiom Mission 3 (Ax-3) achieved a significant milestone by successfully docking at the International Space Station (ISS). This feat follows the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on January 18, carrying a cohort of European astronauts, including Turkey's first space traveller and three representatives from the European Space Agency (ESA), from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

The collaborative efforts of NASA, Axiom Space, and SpaceX are currently in full swing as integrated operations are underway. This phase initiates during the spacecraft's approach to the ISS. NASA retains mission responsibility throughout integrated operations, encompassing the crew's stay aboard the orbiting laboratory, where they engage in scientific, educational, and commercial activities. The mission concludes upon Dragon's departure from the space station's vicinity.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-asteroid-turns-into-fireball-before-crashing-into-earth-in-germany-682483">Also read |&nbsp;Asteroid turns into fireball before crashing into Earth in Germany</a>

<h2>Private crew mission: Axiom Space Mission 3</h2>

Axiom Space Mission 3 marks the third private crew mission to visit the ISS, ushering in a new era of space exploration.

The crew, composed entirely of private crew, is set to spend approximately 14 days aboard the ISS, undertaking up to 30 experiments. Their endeavours align with the ongoing activities of the seven astronauts already present on the space station.

Also watch |&nbsp;China Spy Balloon: Latest balloon sightings come after Taiwan Presidential polls

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/taiwan-latest-balloon-sightings-come-after-presidential-polls-chinese-balloons-over-island-682511/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Josef Aschbacher, Director General of the European Space Agency (ESA), expressed optimism for the future, stating, "This year will look much better." This positive outlook was shared during an annual press briefing, where the ESA disclosed a groundbreaking budget of €7.8 billion—the largest allocation ever dedicated to European space exploration.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

On January 20, Axiom Mission 3 (Ax-3) achieved a significant milestone by successfully docking at the International Space Station (ISS). This feat follows the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on January 18, carrying a cohort of European astronauts, including Turkey's first space traveller and three representatives from the European Space Agency (ESA), from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

On January 20, Axiom Mission 3 (Ax-3) achieved a significant milestone by successfully docking at the International Space Station (ISS). This feat follows the launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on January 18, carrying a cohort of European astronauts, including Turkey's first space traveller and three representatives from the European Space Agency (ESA), from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The collaborative efforts of NASA, Axiom Space, and SpaceX are currently in full swing as integrated operations are underway. This phase initiates during the spacecraft's approach to the ISS. NASA retains mission responsibility throughout integrated operations, encompassing the crew's stay aboard the orbiting laboratory, where they engage in scientific, educational, and commercial activities. The mission concludes upon Dragon's departure from the space station's vicinity. Also read | Asteroid turns into fireball before crashing into Earth in Germany Private crew mission: Axiom Space Mission 3 Axiom Space Mission 3 marks the third private crew mission to visit the ISS, ushering in a new era of space exploration. The crew, composed entirely of private crew, is set to spend approximately 14 days aboard the ISS, undertaking up to 30 experiments. Their endeavours align with the ongoing activities of the seven astronauts already present on the space station. Also watch | China Spy Balloon: Latest balloon sightings come after Taiwan Presidential polls Josef Aschbacher, Director General of the European Space Agency (ESA), expressed optimism for the future, stating, "This year will look much better." This positive outlook was shared during an annual press briefing, where the ESA disclosed a groundbreaking budget of €7.8 billion—the largest allocation ever dedicated to European space exploration. (With inputs from agencies)

Ax-3 Mission: All-European astronaut crew successfully reaches ISS

Japan made history on Friday by becoming only the the fifth nation to land a spacecraft on the Moon. The Vice President of the Japanese space agency, Jaxa says, "Very happy at the successful landing at Jaxa Slim".

Japan's historic lunar landing: Jaxa's Vice President Ishii Yasua on WION

According to report published by Space Capital, Space Startup funding witnessed a jump in 2023 Q4. Watch to know more!

Space startups investments surpass $17.9 billion in 2023, says Report

In a serendipitous twist of cosmic fortune, a celestial anomaly named J0613+52, situated approximately 270 million light-years away, is challenging the conventional definition of a galaxy.&nbsp;

In a daring departure from the norm, this colossal entity defies what we know and appears to have no stars — or at least none that are visible. The galaxy, instead, presents itself as an enigmatic expanse of interstellar gas, meandering through the cosmic expanse in isolation, reports Science Alert.

<h2>Why is this important?</h2>

What's curious about this galaxy is the fact that if you ignore the absence of stars, or rather extracted stars from galaxies like the Milky Way, J0613+52 is pretty much what you would expect from a galaxy.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-youngest-earth-sized-exoplanet-having-lava-hemisphere-679301">'Extra hot and young' Earth-sized exoplanet with a ‘lava hemisphere’ discovered</a>

This cosmic revelation, unveiled by astronomers led by astrophysicist Karen O'Neil from the Green Bank Observatory, is akin to stumbling upon the cosmic equivalent of a lone renegade—it could be the first discovery of a primordial galaxy in the nearby Universe. A primordial galaxy is mostly made up of gas and is estimated to have formed at the beginning of time.

Watch |&nbsp;Are Peruvian Alien Mummies Real or a Clever Hoax? Expert Weighs In!

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/its-all-in-the-name-astronomers-clash-over-renaming-galaxies-for-a-more-inclusive-cosmos-659401/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<h2>How the discovery was made</h2>

This was completely a happenstance discovery. It was a consequence of an unintentional misalignment of the Green Bank Telescope.

While showcasing the discovery at the 243rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society, O'Neil said: "The GBT was accidentally pointed to the wrong coordinates and found this object."&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/big-ring-with-staggering-diameter-of-13-bln-light-years-defies-cosmic-theories-679346">'Big Ring' with staggering diameter of 1.3 bln light years defies cosmic theories</a>&nbsp;

"It's a galaxy made only out of gas—it has no visible stars. Stars could be there, we just can't see them."

The Green Bank Observatory team was on the hunt for low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies. These dimly illuminated galactic entities are characterised by low starlight emissions. Yet, during their cosmic exploration, a typo led the telescope to uncharted celestial coordinates, revealing the unexpected spectacle of J0613+52.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a serendipitous twist of cosmic fortune, a celestial anomaly named J0613+52, situated approximately 270 million light-years away, is challenging the conventional definition of a galaxy.

In a serendipitous twist of cosmic fortune, a celestial anomaly named J0613+52, situated approximately 270 million light-years away, is challenging the conventional definition of a galaxy. In a daring departure from the norm, this colossal entity defies what we know and appears to have no stars — or at least none that are visible. The galaxy, instead, presents itself as an enigmatic expanse of interstellar gas, meandering through the cosmic expanse in isolation, reports Science Alert. Why is this important? What's curious about this galaxy is the fact that if you ignore the absence of stars, or rather extracted stars from galaxies like the Milky Way, J0613+52 is pretty much what you would expect from a galaxy. Also read | 'Extra hot and young' Earth-sized exoplanet with a ‘lava hemisphere’ discovered This cosmic revelation, unveiled by astronomers led by astrophysicist Karen O'Neil from the Green Bank Observatory, is akin to stumbling upon the cosmic equivalent of a lone renegade—it could be the first discovery of a primordial galaxy in the nearby Universe. A primordial galaxy is mostly made up of gas and is estimated to have formed at the beginning of time. Watch | Are Peruvian Alien Mummies Real or a Clever Hoax? Expert Weighs In! How the discovery was made This was completely a happenstance discovery. It was a consequence of an unintentional misalignment of the Green Bank Telescope. While showcasing the discovery at the 243rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society, O'Neil said: "The GBT was accidentally pointed to the wrong coordinates and found this object." Also read | 'Big Ring' with staggering diameter of 1.3 bln light years defies cosmic theories "It's a galaxy made only out of gas—it has no visible stars. Stars could be there, we just can't see them." The Green Bank Observatory team was on the hunt for low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies. These dimly illuminated galactic entities are characterised by low starlight emissions. Yet, during their cosmic exploration, a typo led the telescope to uncharted celestial coordinates, revealing the unexpected spectacle of J0613+52. (With inputs from agencies)

A galaxy without any stars! Scientists stumble upon one 270 million light-years away

Astronauts say that they have smelled unusual scents in space. However, that's not surprising due to the difference between the chemistry of Earth and space. Technically, one cannot smell anything in space as it is an airless vacuum.

Astronauts say that they have smelled unusual scents in space. However, that's not surprising due to the difference between the chemistry of Earth and space. Technically, one cannot smell anything in space as it is an airless vacuum. However, it's not entirely a vacuum, as it has all sorts of molecules, some of which have strong odours, according to Space.com. Gunpowder, Ozone, Burnt Steak Some of the most prominent odours that astronauts have reported smelling in space are gunpowder, ozone and burnt steak. According to scientists, there can be two reasons behind it. First, while an astronaut is on a spacewalk, single oxygen atoms can cling to their spacesuit and enter the airlock. It repressurises molecular oxygen, which floods into the airlock and reacts with the single atoms of oxygen to form ozone, explaining the sour, metallic smell. Secondly, most interstellar carbon has PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) found in charred food like burned toast or barbecued meat. Astronauts could've picked these easily, as there are plenty in the solar system, and brought them inside the space station or the capsule. Rotten eggs and urine However, these are not the only strange odours reported in space. Europen Space Agency's Rosetta crossed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014, detecting many different molecules in the comet's gaseous halo surrounding its nucleus. These molecules include hydrogen sulphide, which gives rotten eggs their unpleasant stink, and ammonia, whose smell reminds one of urine. ALSO READ | Radio signal that took 8 billion years to reach Earth came from seven interacting galaxies Hydrogen cyanide, an almond-like smelling toxic molecule, sweet-smelling carbon disulphide and pickled aroma of formaldehyde were also present in the halo. Although one would shut their nostrils at this combination of smells, the odour of this comet was weak, as most of the comet's coma was water vapour and carbon dioxide. Gasoline and booze An astronaut can't smell Saturn's moon Titan, as it has no oxygen and a minus 176.6 degrees Celsius temperature. However, scientists have found that Titan reeks of gasoline. NASA discovered that Titan's hazy atmosphere contains a chemical, identified by Cassini spacecraft, consisting of nitrogen, methane and benzene, hailing from a family of molecules called polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (PANHs). Thus, the presence of benzene gives Titan its petroleum stench. Furthermore, Sagittarius B2, a massive interstellar molecular cloud of star-forming gas and dust, located less than 400 light-years from the centre of the Milky Way, contains large amounts of alcohol, including vinyl alcohol, methanol, and ethanol, which is used to make beer. Astronomers also discovered ethyl formate, a sweet-smelling chemical found in raspberries, in Sagittarius B2 in 2009. (With inputs from agencies)

Astronauts reveal what space smells like, and it’s stinkier than you’d expect

The United States' Peregrine spacecraft, which was headed towards the Moon and was carrying cremated human remains,&nbsp;abandoned the Moon landing less than 24 hours after the vehicle took off but malfunctioned&nbsp;because of a fuel leak.&nbsp;

Astrobotic Technology, the company which had made the first lunar lander to be launched in five decades from the US, said that the attempt to place Peregrine spacecraft on the Moon is being abandoned since the spacecraft suffered “critical” propellant loss because of a fuel leak, as per the company.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/peregrine-mission-one-american-moon-lander-suffers-anomaly-677917">Peregrine Mission One: Private mission to land on Moon suffers ‘anomaly’ after entering safe operational state</a>

Hours after the launch of the vehicle from Florida towards the moon on Monday morning (Jan 8), it was announced by Astrobotic that the mission had encountered trouble. The lunar lander, which was named Peregrine, failed to place itself in a position in which it was facing the sun, especially because of a propulsion issue, as per Astrobotic. Due to its wayward orientation, the spacecraft was not able to charge its batteries.

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
Update #6 for Peregrine Mission One: <a href="https://t.co/lXh9kcubXs">pic.twitter.com/lXh9kcubXs</a>
— Astrobotic (@astrobotic) <a href="https://twitter.com/astrobotic/status/1744543629392134194?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 9, 2024</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

Later, the battery issue was resolved, but Astrobotic failed to correct the apparent issue with the propulsion system of the Peregrine lander. In a statement posted on X, the company on Monday (Jan 8) said that an "ongoing propellant leak is causing the spacecraft's Attitude Control System (ACS) thrusters to operate well beyond their expected service life cycles to keep the lander from an uncontrollable tumble."

"At this time, the goal is to get Peregrine as close to lunar distance as we can before it loses the ability to maintain its sun-pointing position and subsequently loses power," the company added in a statement&nbsp;late Monday evening.

Astrobotic said that the thrusters are likely to only operate for 40 more hours at most. This means a potential moon landing, which was scheduled for February 23, is not happening any more.&nbsp;

Just after 1 pm ET, Astrobotic had already warned that a “failure within the propulsion system” was draining the fuel of the vehicle. However, the company worked for hours on Monday to stabilise the issue and assess options.

<h2>Image of crippled private Peregrine Moon lander surfaces &nbsp;</h2>

Astrobotic, at one point, also shared the Peregrine lander's first image in space. In the photograph, the outer layers of insulation on the vehicle appeared crinkled.

The distorted material was “the first visual clue that aligns with our telemetry data pointing to a propulsion system anomaly,” said the company, in a post shared on the social media platform X on Monday (Jan 8).

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
Update #5 for Peregrine Mission One: <a href="https://t.co/94wy2J0GyA">pic.twitter.com/94wy2J0GyA</a>
— Astrobotic (@astrobotic) <a href="https://twitter.com/astrobotic/status/1744469638640005538?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 8, 2024</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

"The camera utilised is mounted atop a payload deck and shows Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) in the foreground," wrote Astrobotic, in the X post which featured the photo. "The disturbance of the MLI is the first visual clue that aligns with our telemetry data pointing to a propulsion system anomaly," it added.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;US: First Lunar mission in 50 years faces technical difficulties

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/us-first-lunar-mission-in-50-years-faces-technical-difficulties-678057/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

They had also informed that the lander's battery was fully charged, "and we are using Peregrine's existing power to perform as many payload and spacecraft operations as possible," wrote Pittsburgh-based Astrobotic, in that same X post.

Peregrine flew on Monday (Jan 8) as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) programme which arranged for getting five agency science instruments on the lander.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The United States' Peregrine spacecraft, which was headed towards the Moon and was carrying cremated human remains, abandoned the Moon landing less than 24 hours after the vehicle took off but malfunctioned because of a fuel leak.

The United States' Peregrine spacecraft, which was headed towards the Moon and was carrying cremated human remains, abandoned the Moon landing less than 24 hours after the vehicle took off but malfunctioned because of a fuel leak. Astrobotic Technology, the company which had made the first lunar lander to be launched in five decades from the US, said that the attempt to place Peregrine spacecraft on the Moon is being abandoned since the spacecraft suffered “critical” propellant loss because of a fuel leak, as per the company. Also read: Peregrine Mission One: Private mission to land on Moon suffers ‘anomaly’ after entering safe operational state Hours after the launch of the vehicle from Florida towards the moon on Monday morning (Jan 8), it was announced by Astrobotic that the mission had encountered trouble. The lunar lander, which was named Peregrine, failed to place itself in a position in which it was facing the sun, especially because of a propulsion issue, as per Astrobotic. Due to its wayward orientation, the spacecraft was not able to charge its batteries. Update #6 for Peregrine Mission One: pic.twitter.com/lXh9kcubXs — Astrobotic (@astrobotic) January 9, 2024 × Later, the battery issue was resolved, but Astrobotic failed to correct the apparent issue with the propulsion system of the Peregrine lander. In a statement posted on X, the company on Monday (Jan 8) said that an "ongoing propellant leak is causing the spacecraft's Attitude Control System (ACS) thrusters to operate well beyond their expected service life cycles to keep the lander from an uncontrollable tumble." "At this time, the goal is to get Peregrine as close to lunar distance as we can before it loses the ability to maintain its sun-pointing position and subsequently loses power," the company added in a statement late Monday evening. Astrobotic said that the thrusters are likely to only operate for 40 more hours at most. This means a potential moon landing, which was scheduled for February 23, is not happening any more. Just after 1 pm ET, Astrobotic had already warned that a “failure within the propulsion system” was draining the fuel of the vehicle. However, the company worked for hours on Monday to stabilise the issue and assess options. Image of crippled private Peregrine Moon lander surfaces Astrobotic, at one point, also shared the Peregrine lander's first image in space. In the photograph, the outer layers of insulation on the vehicle appeared crinkled. The distorted material was “the first visual clue that aligns with our telemetry data pointing to a propulsion system anomaly,” said the company, in a post shared on the social media platform X on Monday (Jan 8). Update #5 for Peregrine Mission One: pic.twitter.com/94wy2J0GyA — Astrobotic (@astrobotic) January 8, 2024 × "The camera utilised is mounted atop a payload deck and shows Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) in the foreground," wrote Astrobotic, in the X post which featured the photo. "The disturbance of the MLI is the first visual clue that aligns with our telemetry data pointing to a propulsion system anomaly," it added. Watch: US: First Lunar mission in 50 years faces technical difficulties They had also informed that the lander's battery was fully charged, "and we are using Peregrine's existing power to perform as many payload and spacecraft operations as possible," wrote Pittsburgh-based Astrobotic, in that same X post. Peregrine flew on Monday (Jan 8) as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) programme which arranged for getting five agency science instruments on the lander. (With inputs from agencies)

US Peregrine mission with cremated human remains abandons Moon landing; first photo shows anomaly

Astrobotic & Intuitive machine looking to break US' lunar exile. Intuitive machine's Nova-C to launch Mid-February. Nova-C has direct shot to land on lunar surface 1 week post launch.

NASA-Funded companies race for Lunar landing

On Tech It Out, we keep bringing you updates from the world of robotics. In this report, we tell you about robots in space. Humanoid robots going to space could become more common as technology advances.

Humanoid robots in space | Tech It Out

2024 is set to be a busy year in space, with the launch of new rockets and spacecraft. Several new rockets are set to blast off in 2024. Here are some interesting flights space watchers can look forward to this year.

Space race to heat up in 2024 | Tech It Out

NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) program is funding 13 revolutionary ideas set to transform space exploration. With advancements in areas like solar-powered flight, nuclear engine technology, and strategies for Mars habitation, among others, NASA aims to transform space exploration by funding future-proof concepts that can make the next giant leap.

Gravitas | NASA reveals 13 groundbreaking concepts to revolutionise space exploration

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), on Thursday (Jan 4)&nbsp;announced the winners of Phase 1 of the 2024 NIAC (NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts) programme.&nbsp;

<h2>What is NIAC?</h2>

This programme, as per the US space agency, "fosters pioneering ideas by funding early-stage technology concept studies for future consideration and potential commercialization".&nbsp;

As per NASA Associate Administrator Jim Free, "The daring missions NASA undertakes for the benefit of humanity all begin as just an idea, and NIAC is responsible for inspiring many of those ideas."

"The Ingenuity helicopter flying on Mars and instruments on the MarCO deep space CubeSats can trace their lineage back to NIAC, proving there is a path from creative idea to mission success. And, while not all these concepts will fly, NASA and our partners worldwide can learn from fresh approaches and may eventually use technologies advanced by NIAC," he added.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/video-nasa-releases-stunning-time-lapse-footage-of-gamma-ray-sky-676739">Video: NASA releases stunning time-lapse footage of gamma-ray sky</a>

In phase 1, NASA is funding 13 concepts it has chosen from among companies and institutions across the United States. Each idea will receive a maximum of $175,000 in grants.

Here are some interesting, "visionary" ideas that "could transform future NASA missions with the creation of breakthroughs ".

— Mars Aerial and Ground Global Intelligent Explorer (MAGGIE)

Ge-Cheng Zha Coflow Jet, LLC proposes a novel global mobility Mars exploration platform called the Mars Aerial and Ground Intelligent Explorer (MAGGIE). Powered by solar energy, MAGGIE a compact fixed-wing aircraft will fly in the Martian atmosphere with vertical take-off/landing (VTOL) capability.&nbsp;

— A Revolutionary Approach to Interplanetary Space Travel: Studying Torpor in Animals for Space-health in Humans (STASH)

Mammalian hibernation is suggested as a promising way to mitigate the physical and mental health risks of space travel. An essential feature of that is 'torpor' an energy-conserving state involving an active and often deep reduction in metabolic rate. Using animals, Ryan Sprenger from Fauna Bio Inc. wants to study this.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/explained-why-is-india-paying-elon-musks-spacex-to-launch-gsat-20-676608">Explained: Why is India paying Elon Musk's SpaceX to launch GSAT-20?</a>

— Add-on to Large-Scale Water Mining Operations on Mars to Screen for Introduced and Alien Life

Steven Benner from the Foundation For Applied Molecular Evolution poses that planned human missions to Mars can complicate the search for life on the alien planet. This project states that dry cached rocks aren't enough and that water mined in preparation for human missions can be used to extract genetic polymers (DNA or alien) using an “agnostic life finding” (ALF) system.

— Swarming Proxima Centauri: Coherent Picospacecraft Swarms Over Interstellar Distances

Thomas Eubanks, Space Initiatives Inc. in Florida, poses that a swarm of tiny probes pushed by a laser light could travel to another star (Proxima Centauri) this century. This swarm of 1000s of probes holds the capability to send an optical signal strong enough to send data back to Earth.

— Sample Return from the Surface of Venus

Venus with temperatures of around 450&nbsp;°C and atmospheric pressure of around 92 has the most hostile environment. Geoffrey Landis NASA Glenn Research Center proposes a new approach to return samples from the planet. They want to use innovations in high-temperature technology and solar aircraft for this.&nbsp;

<h2>Apart from these, the following ideas have won the prestigious grant:</h2>

— James Bickford, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Massachusetts: Thin Film Isotope Nuclear Engine Rocket

— Peter Cabauy, City Labs, Inc., Florida: Autonomous Tritium Micropowered Sensors

— Kenneth Carpenter, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland: A Lunar Long-Baseline Optical Imaging Interferometer: Artemis-enabled Stellar Image

— Matthew McQuinn, University of Washington, Seattle: Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements

— Aaswath Pattabhi Raman, University of California, Los Angeles: Electro-Luminescently Cooled Zero-Boil-Off Propellant Depots Enabling Crewed Exploration of Mars&nbsp;

— Alvaro Romeo-Calvo, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta: Magnetohydrodynamic Drive for Hydrogen and Oxygen Production in Mars Transfer

— Lynn Rothschild, NASA’s Ames Research Center, California’s Silicon Valley: Detoxifying Mars: The Biocatalytic Elimination of Omnipresent Perchlorates

—&nbsp;Beijia Zhang, MIT’s Lincoln Lab, Massachusetts: LIFA: Lightweight Fiber-based Antenna for Small Sat-Compatible Radiometry

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), on Thursday (Jan 4) announced the winners of Phase 1 of the 2024 NIAC (NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts) programme.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), on Thursday (Jan 4) announced the winners of Phase 1 of the 2024 NIAC (NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts) programme. What is NIAC? This programme, as per the US space agency, "fosters pioneering ideas by funding early-stage technology concept studies for future consideration and potential commercialization". As per NASA Associate Administrator Jim Free, "The daring missions NASA undertakes for the benefit of humanity all begin as just an idea, and NIAC is responsible for inspiring many of those ideas." "The Ingenuity helicopter flying on Mars and instruments on the MarCO deep space CubeSats can trace their lineage back to NIAC, proving there is a path from creative idea to mission success. And, while not all these concepts will fly, NASA and our partners worldwide can learn from fresh approaches and may eventually use technologies advanced by NIAC," he added. Also read | Video: NASA releases stunning time-lapse footage of gamma-ray sky In phase 1, NASA is funding 13 concepts it has chosen from among companies and institutions across the United States. Each idea will receive a maximum of $175,000 in grants. Here are some interesting, "visionary" ideas that "could transform future NASA missions with the creation of breakthroughs ". — Mars Aerial and Ground Global Intelligent Explorer (MAGGIE) Ge-Cheng Zha Coflow Jet, LLC proposes a novel global mobility Mars exploration platform called the Mars Aerial and Ground Intelligent Explorer (MAGGIE). Powered by solar energy, MAGGIE a compact fixed-wing aircraft will fly in the Martian atmosphere with vertical take-off/landing (VTOL) capability. — A Revolutionary Approach to Interplanetary Space Travel: Studying Torpor in Animals for Space-health in Humans (STASH) Mammalian hibernation is suggested as a promising way to mitigate the physical and mental health risks of space travel. An essential feature of that is 'torpor' an energy-conserving state involving an active and often deep reduction in metabolic rate. Using animals, Ryan Sprenger from Fauna Bio Inc. wants to study this. Also read | Explained: Why is India paying Elon Musk's SpaceX to launch GSAT-20? — Add-on to Large-Scale Water Mining Operations on Mars to Screen for Introduced and Alien Life Steven Benner from the Foundation For Applied Molecular Evolution poses that planned human missions to Mars can complicate the search for life on the alien planet. This project states that dry cached rocks aren't enough and that water mined in preparation for human missions can be used to extract genetic polymers (DNA or alien) using an “agnostic life finding” (ALF) system. — Swarming Proxima Centauri: Coherent Picospacecraft Swarms Over Interstellar Distances Thomas Eubanks, Space Initiatives Inc. in Florida, poses that a swarm of tiny probes pushed by a laser light could travel to another star (Proxima Centauri) this century. This swarm of 1000s of probes holds the capability to send an optical signal strong enough to send data back to Earth. — Sample Return from the Surface of Venus Venus with temperatures of around 450 °C and atmospheric pressure of around 92 has the most hostile environment. Geoffrey Landis NASA Glenn Research Center proposes a new approach to return samples from the planet. They want to use innovations in high-temperature technology and solar aircraft for this. Apart from these, the following ideas have won the prestigious grant: — James Bickford, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Massachusetts: Thin Film Isotope Nuclear Engine Rocket — Peter Cabauy, City Labs, Inc., Florida: Autonomous Tritium Micropowered Sensors — Kenneth Carpenter, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland: A Lunar Long-Baseline Optical Imaging Interferometer: Artemis-enabled Stellar Image — Matthew McQuinn, University of Washington, Seattle: Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements — Aaswath Pattabhi Raman, University of California, Los Angeles: Electro-Luminescently Cooled Zero-Boil-Off Propellant Depots Enabling Crewed Exploration of Mars — Alvaro Romeo-Calvo, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta: Magnetohydrodynamic Drive for Hydrogen and Oxygen Production in Mars Transfer — Lynn Rothschild, NASA’s Ames Research Center, California’s Silicon Valley: Detoxifying Mars: The Biocatalytic Elimination of Omnipresent Perchlorates — Beijia Zhang, MIT’s Lincoln Lab, Massachusetts: LIFA: Lightweight Fiber-based Antenna for Small Sat-Compatible Radiometry

NASA announces 13 ideas that won $175,000 under prestigious NIAC programme

India's space odyssey is expected to reach new heights in 2024. ISRO plans to unveil a compelling lineup of 12 ground-breaking missions that will redefine our understanding of Earth. Priyanka Sharma has to say.

Gravitas | 2024: Indian space research to reach new heights

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on 1 January launched its first mission of the year 2024.

ISRO launches XPoSat satellite to study black holes

With upcoming launches of new rockets and spacecraft and not to mention the first crude lunar mission in over half a century, 2024 is set to be a busy year in space. Take a look.

Will 2024 be the greatest ever year for space exploration?

ISRO launched its first X-Ray Polarimeter Satellite. The satellite is set to study X-ray emissions from black hole and other celestial objects.

ISRO second after NASA to send specialised astronomy observatory

As the world eagerly anticipates the dawn of 2024, NASA is setting the stage for a year filled with groundbreaking missions, lunar explorations, and a giant leap toward Mars. The space agency's motto for the year, "Onward and Upward," is capturing the essence of its ambitious agenda.

In a captivating video released on its website, NASA outlined a spectacular lineup of missions that promise to push the boundaries of space exploration.

“Landing science on the Moon, demonstrating quiet supersonic aircraft, and launching two new Earth climate satellites, plus a mission to Europa, one of Jupiter’s icy moons, are just a few of the milestones we have planned for 2024,” NASA declared in a statement.

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IGuHErKAiHs?si=l6r2P9REJqrQpw38" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

The Artemis lunar rover, named VIPER (Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover), is set to touch down on the Moon's South Pole in late 2024. This mobile robot will embark on a 100-day mission into the Moon's extreme environment in search of ice and potential resources and provide crucial details for future human space exploration.

The Artemis mission, a key component of NASA's 2024 agenda, will mark historic milestones by landing the first woman and the first person of colour on the Moon.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-overeating-during-christmas-dont-go-for-quick-fix-weight-loss-jabs-warn-experts-674856">Overeating during Christmas? Don't go for quick-fix weight loss jabs, warn experts</a>

These missions will make use of innovative technologies to explore more lunar surfaces than ever before, with an overarching goal of establishing the first long-term human presence on the Moon. The knowledge gained from these endeavours will serve as a springboard for the next monumental achievement: sending astronauts to Mars.

To achieve these ambitious goals, NASA will have the expertise of Axiom Space, which will provide spacesuits for moonwalkers during the Artemis III mission.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasas-curiosity-rover-records-dawn-to-dusk-video-on-mars-674781">NASA's Curiosity rover records 'dawn to dusk' video on Mars</a>

This collaboration will underscore the importance of cutting-edge technology in ensuring the success of lunar explorations.

Moreover, NASA's Boeing Crew Flight Test (CFT) mission to the International Space Station (ISS) is set to take centre stage in 2024. Two astronaut test pilots will participate in this mission, living and working off the Earth for about a week. This mission will be a critical step in NASA's continuous efforts to expand human presence beyond our planet.

(With inputs from agencies)

As the world eagerly anticipates the dawn of 2024, NASA is setting the stage for a year filled with groundbreaking missions, lunar explorations, and a giant leap toward Mars.

As the world eagerly anticipates the dawn of 2024, NASA is setting the stage for a year filled with groundbreaking missions, lunar explorations, and a giant leap toward Mars. The space agency's motto for the year, "Onward and Upward," is capturing the essence of its ambitious agenda. In a captivating video released on its website, NASA outlined a spectacular lineup of missions that promise to push the boundaries of space exploration. “Landing science on the Moon, demonstrating quiet supersonic aircraft, and launching two new Earth climate satellites, plus a mission to Europa, one of Jupiter’s icy moons, are just a few of the milestones we have planned for 2024,” NASA declared in a statement. × The Artemis lunar rover, named VIPER (Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover), is set to touch down on the Moon's South Pole in late 2024. This mobile robot will embark on a 100-day mission into the Moon's extreme environment in search of ice and potential resources and provide crucial details for future human space exploration. The Artemis mission, a key component of NASA's 2024 agenda, will mark historic milestones by landing the first woman and the first person of colour on the Moon. Also Read | Overeating during Christmas? Don't go for quick-fix weight loss jabs, warn experts These missions will make use of innovative technologies to explore more lunar surfaces than ever before, with an overarching goal of establishing the first long-term human presence on the Moon. The knowledge gained from these endeavours will serve as a springboard for the next monumental achievement: sending astronauts to Mars. To achieve these ambitious goals, NASA will have the expertise of Axiom Space, which will provide spacesuits for moonwalkers during the Artemis III mission. Also Read | NASA's Curiosity rover records 'dawn to dusk' video on Mars This collaboration will underscore the importance of cutting-edge technology in ensuring the success of lunar explorations. Moreover, NASA's Boeing Crew Flight Test (CFT) mission to the International Space Station (ISS) is set to take centre stage in 2024. Two astronaut test pilots will participate in this mission, living and working off the Earth for about a week. This mission will be a critical step in NASA's continuous efforts to expand human presence beyond our planet. (With inputs from agencies)

WATCH | Moon landings, giant leap on Mars, and more... NASA reveals its 2024 plans

Wars are no longer limited to planet Earth. They have reached space. Musk's Starlink satellites made that clear in the Ukraine war. Now they have a competitor. China is set to launch its own satellite network. What are its capabilities?

Gravitas | Space wars: China's counter to Musk's Starlink

As the world celebrated Christmas, the European Space Agency (ESA) shared a stunning image following "Santa's path" through the cosmos.

Sadly, the image, which was captured by the James Webb Space Telescope, is just the European Space Agency&nbsp;jumping onto the Christmas bandwagon. However, that doesn't discount the glorious, ethereal beauty of the picture.

"On 25 December 2021, an Ariane 5 rocket followed Santa Claus and launched @esawebb into space. Today, Webb brings what looks like the path left by Santa's sleigh," writes ESA.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-says-an-asteroid-has-come-near-earth-check-details-673517">NASA says an asteroid has come near Earth, check details</a>

The image which has quite predictably garnered significant attention on social media is actually of the Herbig-Haro objects. In merely 13 hours, the stunning image got more than 12,780 likes, with the numbers rolling up every minute. &nbsp;

<h2>What are Herbig Haro objects?</h2>

As per the ESA, "Herbig-Haro objects are luminous regions surrounding newborn stars (known as protostars), and are formed when stellar winds or jets of gas spewing from these newborn stars form shockwaves colliding with nearby gas and dust at high speeds."

"HH 797, which dominates the lower half of this image, is located close to the young open star cluster IC 348, which is located near the eastern edge of the Perseus dark cloud complex. The bright infrared objects in the upper portion of the image are thought to host two further protostars," it adds.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/japans-moon-sniper-enters-lunar-orbit-on-christmas-sets-stage-for-landing-on-jan-20-next-year-673453">Japan's 'Moon Sniper' enters lunar orbit on Christmas, sets stage for landing on Jan 20 next year</a>

Furthermore, the space agency details that using ground-based observations, "researchers have previously found that for cold molecular gas associated with HH 797, most of the red-shifted gas (moving away from us) is found to the south (bottom right), while the blue-shifted gas (moving towards us) is to the north (bottom left)."

Awestruck by the glorious display of stars, netizens left comments like "What a magnificence", and "magical", while others pointed out that it looked like a snake or a spaghetti monster.

(With inputs from agencies)

As the world celebrated Christmas, the European Space Agency (ESA) shared a stunning image following "Santa's path" through the cosmos. Sadly, the image, which was captured by the James Webb Space Telescope, is just the European Space Agency jumping onto the Christmas bandwagon.

As the world celebrated Christmas, the European Space Agency (ESA) shared a stunning image following "Santa's path" through the cosmos. Sadly, the image, which was captured by the James Webb Space Telescope, is just the European Space Agency jumping onto the Christmas bandwagon. However, that doesn't discount the glorious, ethereal beauty of the picture. "On 25 December 2021, an Ariane 5 rocket followed Santa Claus and launched @esawebb into space. Today, Webb brings what looks like the path left by Santa's sleigh," writes ESA. Also read | NASA says an asteroid has come near Earth, check details The image which has quite predictably garnered significant attention on social media is actually of the Herbig-Haro objects. In merely 13 hours, the stunning image got more than 12,780 likes, with the numbers rolling up every minute. What are Herbig Haro objects? As per the ESA, "Herbig-Haro objects are luminous regions surrounding newborn stars (known as protostars), and are formed when stellar winds or jets of gas spewing from these newborn stars form shockwaves colliding with nearby gas and dust at high speeds." "HH 797, which dominates the lower half of this image, is located close to the young open star cluster IC 348, which is located near the eastern edge of the Perseus dark cloud complex. The bright infrared objects in the upper portion of the image are thought to host two further protostars," it adds. Also read | Japan's 'Moon Sniper' enters lunar orbit on Christmas, sets stage for landing on Jan 20 next year Furthermore, the space agency details that using ground-based observations, "researchers have previously found that for cold molecular gas associated with HH 797, most of the red-shifted gas (moving away from us) is found to the south (bottom right), while the blue-shifted gas (moving towards us) is to the north (bottom left)." Awestruck by the glorious display of stars, netizens left comments like "What a magnificence", and "magical", while others pointed out that it looked like a snake or a spaghetti monster. (With inputs from agencies)

ESA's Christmas gift: James Webb Telescope captures stunning image of 'Santa's Path'

In a recent study, scientists have unravelled new facets of how galaxies take shape, especially during their early phases. The use&nbsp;of advanced tools like computer simulations and precise observations has become instrumental in comprehending the intricate processes that govern galactic evolution.

The study zeroes in on a particular celestial entity, BRI 1335–0417, positioned more than 12 billion light-years away. This distant galaxy, a snapshot from the early cosmic epochs, provides a captivating view into the initial stages of galactic development. Recent observations have brought to light&nbsp;distinctive features, including a spiral structure and a bar-like configuration.&nbsp;

<h2>Galactic bars and their impact</h2>

Of particular interest is the observed bar in BRI 1335-0417, a factor influencing the flow of gas within the galaxy. This influence contributes to the creation of specific features like a bulge or a nuclear disc.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-hubble-telescope-captures-mysterious-spokes-on-rings-of-saturn-672959">Also read |&nbsp;NASA's Hubble telescope captures mysterious spokes on rings of Saturn</a>

Among the study's groundbreaking revelations is the observation of a phenomenon akin to a "seismic wave" within the galaxy.

This marks the first documentation of such an occurrence in an early galaxy. Researchers stress on&nbsp;the importance of understanding the movement of gas within the galaxy, recognizing its pivotal role as a key ingredient in the star formation process.

Conceiving the galaxy's disk as a flat, rotating amalgamation of stars, gas, and dust, the study draws parallels with ripples on a pond initiated by a thrown stone.

The motion of these galactic components creates patterns resembling ripples, unlocking clues about the mechanisms propelling star formation within the galaxy.

Positioned at an astonishing distance, BRI 1335-0417 offers a temporal glimpse into the universe when it was merely 10 per cent of its current age.

Despite boasting a mass similar to our Milky Way, this early galaxy displays a star formation rate several hundred times faster. The study aims to unravel the intricacies behind the mechanisms fueling such rapid stellar birth.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/how-safe-is-nuking-earh-bound-asteroid-scientists-create-simulation-to-answer-672511">Also read |&nbsp;How safe is nuking earth-bound asteroid? Scientists create simulation to answer</a>

Spiral structures, a rarity in the early universe, occupy a central focus in this investigation. The study provides crucial information to decipher the likely scenarios contributing to the formation of these spirals, enhancing our understanding of the cosmic narrative.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a recent study, scientists have unravelled new facets of how galaxies take shape, especially during their early phases. The use of advanced tools like computer simulations and precise observations has become instrumental in comprehending the intricate processes that govern galactic evolution.

In a recent study, scientists have unravelled new facets of how galaxies take shape, especially during their early phases. The use of advanced tools like computer simulations and precise observations has become instrumental in comprehending the intricate processes that govern galactic evolution. The study zeroes in on a particular celestial entity, BRI 1335–0417, positioned more than 12 billion light-years away. This distant galaxy, a snapshot from the early cosmic epochs, provides a captivating view into the initial stages of galactic development. Recent observations have brought to light distinctive features, including a spiral structure and a bar-like configuration. Galactic bars and their impact Of particular interest is the observed bar in BRI 1335-0417, a factor influencing the flow of gas within the galaxy. This influence contributes to the creation of specific features like a bulge or a nuclear disc. Also read | NASA's Hubble telescope captures mysterious spokes on rings of Saturn Among the study's groundbreaking revelations is the observation of a phenomenon akin to a "seismic wave" within the galaxy. This marks the first documentation of such an occurrence in an early galaxy. Researchers stress on the importance of understanding the movement of gas within the galaxy, recognizing its pivotal role as a key ingredient in the star formation process. Conceiving the galaxy's disk as a flat, rotating amalgamation of stars, gas, and dust, the study draws parallels with ripples on a pond initiated by a thrown stone. The motion of these galactic components creates patterns resembling ripples, unlocking clues about the mechanisms propelling star formation within the galaxy. Positioned at an astonishing distance, BRI 1335-0417 offers a temporal glimpse into the universe when it was merely 10 per cent of its current age. Despite boasting a mass similar to our Milky Way, this early galaxy displays a star formation rate several hundred times faster. The study aims to unravel the intricacies behind the mechanisms fueling such rapid stellar birth. Also read | How safe is nuking earth-bound asteroid? Scientists create simulation to answer Spiral structures, a rarity in the early universe, occupy a central focus in this investigation. The study provides crucial information to decipher the likely scenarios contributing to the formation of these spirals, enhancing our understanding of the cosmic narrative. (With inputs from agencies)

BRI 1335-0417: Astronomers find seismic ripples in oldest known galaxy

China’s secret space plane emits a strong signal to the ground when passing North America: satellite tracker. Amateur astronomer speculates the aircraft could be signalling ‘a clandestine ground station on the west coast of North America or on a ship off the coast.

China launches mystery reusable space plane

China's secret space plane emits strong signals: Report

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.

Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018.

<h2>In-depth analysis of Ryugu</h2>

Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths.

The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/christmas-constellation-nasa-hubble-telescope-clicks-galaxy-that-appears-in-festive-mood-672132">Also read |&nbsp;Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood</a>

Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h).

Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's.

Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage.

The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance.

Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats.

Also watch |&nbsp;NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-streams-an-ultra-high-definition-video-of-a-cat-back-to-earth-from-deep-space-671832/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth. Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018. In-depth analysis of Ryugu Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths. The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth. Also read | Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h). Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's. Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage. The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance. Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats. Also watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan's Jaxaspace agency tests spacecraft to deflect potential earth-colliding asteroid

China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission.&nbsp;

Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch. They have now revealed that the Chinese spacecraft allegedly released six unidentified objects into Earth's orbit. What for? Here's all you need to know.

<h2>What are these 'Mysterious wingmen'?</h2>

As per amateur, spacecraft trackers that have been tracking these mystery objects — designated OBJECT A, B, C, D, E, and F — are emitting emissions.

Scott Tilley, an amateur astronomer known for his satellite tracking expertise, has been closely monitoring these objects.

On X, Tilley referred to the objects as "mysterious wingmen".&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-madhya-pradesh-familys-kuldevta-turns-out-to-be-dinosaur-egg-671119">India: Madhya Pradesh family's sacred totem 'kuldevta' turns out to be dinosaur egg</a>

Speaking to Space.com, he&nbsp;said: "OBJECT A's or nearby emission is reminiscent of earlier Chinese space plane 'wingman' emissions in the sense the signal is modulated with a limited amount of data."

"There is speculation that the emission from OBJECT A may be from an object close to it, but this is speculation, not based on any evidence I'm aware of."

"It should be noted that unlike emissions early in the Chinese space plane missions 1 and 2, these emissions are very intermittent and do not stay on long," he said.

"It's taken days of observations, tracking pass after pass with dish antennas, to come up with this data."

As per Space.com, Tilley and fellow trackers are confident that the emissions originate from the objects or proximity.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-two-months-in-nasa-is-still-trying-to-open-its-sample-container-from-asteroid-bennu-670880">Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu</a>

They've based this observation on the objects' expected paths, the absence of other known objects during data collection, and the unique modulation that, as per Tilley, has "only been seen from previous Chinese space plane missions using [a frequency of] 2280MHz."

"In summary, this iteration of the Chinese space plane mission launched into a similar orbit as the last two, but operationally it is exhibiting different radio behaviour than before. The additional observations of the emissions from OBJECT D and E is new, but could also have been missed on earlier missions if they too were intermittent," said Tilley.&nbsp;

"Something we should watch for is close encounters between OBJECT A and Objects D and E. D and E are in fairly elliptical orbits, while A is in a near-circular orbit. In the next couple of days there will be close approaches between these objects at perigee," he added.

<h2>China's mysterious packages in space</h2>

China's space plane, as per the report, exhibited similar behaviour in its prior missions — launched in September 2020 and August 2022, releasing unknown objects into orbit.&nbsp;

Earlier, speculation ranged from service modules to small satellites for monitoring the space plane.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission. Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch.

China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission. Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch. They have now revealed that the Chinese spacecraft allegedly released six unidentified objects into Earth's orbit. What for? Here's all you need to know. What are these 'Mysterious wingmen'? As per amateur, spacecraft trackers that have been tracking these mystery objects — designated OBJECT A, B, C, D, E, and F — are emitting emissions. Scott Tilley, an amateur astronomer known for his satellite tracking expertise, has been closely monitoring these objects. On X, Tilley referred to the objects as "mysterious wingmen". Also read | India: Madhya Pradesh family's sacred totem 'kuldevta' turns out to be dinosaur egg Speaking to Space.com, he said: "OBJECT A's or nearby emission is reminiscent of earlier Chinese space plane 'wingman' emissions in the sense the signal is modulated with a limited amount of data." "There is speculation that the emission from OBJECT A may be from an object close to it, but this is speculation, not based on any evidence I'm aware of." "It should be noted that unlike emissions early in the Chinese space plane missions 1 and 2, these emissions are very intermittent and do not stay on long," he said. "It's taken days of observations, tracking pass after pass with dish antennas, to come up with this data." As per Space.com, Tilley and fellow trackers are confident that the emissions originate from the objects or proximity. Also read | Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu They've based this observation on the objects' expected paths, the absence of other known objects during data collection, and the unique modulation that, as per Tilley, has "only been seen from previous Chinese space plane missions using [a frequency of] 2280MHz." "In summary, this iteration of the Chinese space plane mission launched into a similar orbit as the last two, but operationally it is exhibiting different radio behaviour than before. The additional observations of the emissions from OBJECT D and E is new, but could also have been missed on earlier missions if they too were intermittent," said Tilley. "Something we should watch for is close encounters between OBJECT A and Objects D and E. D and E are in fairly elliptical orbits, while A is in a near-circular orbit. In the next couple of days there will be close approaches between these objects at perigee," he added. China's mysterious packages in space China's space plane, as per the report, exhibited similar behaviour in its prior missions — launched in September 2020 and August 2022, releasing unknown objects into orbit. Earlier, speculation ranged from service modules to small satellites for monitoring the space plane. (With inputs from agencies)

Chinese space plane deployed 6 mysterious 'wingmen' in Earth's orbit: Reports

As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree.

The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster".

<h2>A cosmic tree</h2>

Released just days before Christmas, the new composite image resembles a Christmas tree, but this is a result of "choices of colour and rotation."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hubbles-spectacular-capture-shows-distant-spiral-galaxy-with-forbidden-light-671530">Hubble's spectacular capture shows distant spiral galaxy with 'forbidden' light</a>

"It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos," wrote NASA on X, formerly Twitter.

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos. 🎶 
 
Our <a href="https://twitter.com/chandraxray?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ChandraXray</a> Observatory recently spotted the blue-and-white lights that decorate the "Christmas Tree Cluster," a swarm of stars and gas some 2,500 light-years from Earth: <a href="https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77">https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77</a> <a href="https://t.co/HrnrmxRyd7">pic.twitter.com/HrnrmxRyd7</a>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1737176016622125352?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 19, 2023</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

There's also an even more festive, Christmas-ey, blinking light version of the image. In it, blinking blue and white lights as per the space agency are "young stars that give off X-rays detected by NASA's Chandra X-ray".

<img alt="Blinking lights version " data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8a452696-7fea-4eab-9088-e466f552a7dd" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/New%20wion.gif" />

(Image credit: NASA)

In the cosmic images, the green colour of the "pine needles" corresponds to gas in the nebula. This was the result of optical data from the National Science Foundation's WIYN 0.9-meter telescope on Kitt Peak. While the twinkling foreground and background stars in white are from infrared data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasa-sends-high-definition-cat-video-from-spaceship-to-earth-covers-31mn-km-671444">Watch: NASA sends high-definition cat video from spaceship to Earth via laser, covering 31mn km</a>

"This image has been rotated clockwise by about 160 degrees from the astronomer’s standard of North pointing upward, so that it appears like the top of the tree is toward the top of the image," adds NASA.

<h2>NGC 2264</h2>

The cluster of young stars, NGC 2264, as per NASA, has stars aged between one and five million years, and it is our planet's cosmic neighbour — located in our Milky Way galaxy, just about 2,500 light years away from Earth.

NGC 2264's stars, as per the space agency, vary in size. Some are smaller than our star: the Sun, others are larger. Their sizes range from less than a tenth the mass of the Sun to some as big as seven times the solar mass.

As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree. The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster".

As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree. The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster". A cosmic tree Released just days before Christmas, the new composite image resembles a Christmas tree, but this is a result of "choices of colour and rotation." Also read | Hubble's spectacular capture shows distant spiral galaxy with 'forbidden' light "It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos," wrote NASA on X, formerly Twitter. It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos. 🎶 Our @ChandraXray Observatory recently spotted the blue-and-white lights that decorate the "Christmas Tree Cluster," a swarm of stars and gas some 2,500 light-years from Earth: https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77 pic.twitter.com/HrnrmxRyd7 — NASA (@NASA) December 19, 2023 × There's also an even more festive, Christmas-ey, blinking light version of the image. In it, blinking blue and white lights as per the space agency are "young stars that give off X-rays detected by NASA's Chandra X-ray". (Image credit: NASA) In the cosmic images, the green colour of the "pine needles" corresponds to gas in the nebula. This was the result of optical data from the National Science Foundation's WIYN 0.9-meter telescope on Kitt Peak. While the twinkling foreground and background stars in white are from infrared data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey. Also read | Watch: NASA sends high-definition cat video from spaceship to Earth via laser, covering 31mn km "This image has been rotated clockwise by about 160 degrees from the astronomer’s standard of North pointing upward, so that it appears like the top of the tree is toward the top of the image," adds NASA. NGC 2264 The cluster of young stars, NGC 2264, as per NASA, has stars aged between one and five million years, and it is our planet's cosmic neighbour — located in our Milky Way galaxy, just about 2,500 light years away from Earth. NGC 2264's stars, as per the space agency, vary in size. Some are smaller than our star: the Sun, others are larger. Their sizes range from less than a tenth the mass of the Sun to some as big as seven times the solar mass.

Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA

NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material.

<h2>A precious payload from Bennu</h2>

On September 24, NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft triumphantly returned to Earth, carrying a special payload—an invaluable canister filled with rocks and dust collected from the surface of asteroid Bennu.

These space rocks are of profound significance, holding potential clues to the solar system's origin and the ability to answer critical questions about Earth's formation.

The Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM), designed to secure the asteroid sample, has become an unexpected challenge for NASA's scientific and engineering teams. Despite months of preparation and anticipation, NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston encountered a hurdle when attempting to unlock the TAGSAM.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-growing-food-in-space-what-is-nasas-veggie-project-670838">Also read |&nbsp;Explained: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space</a>

NASA officially disclosed the issue on October 20, revealing that two out of the 35 fasteners on the TAGSAM head could not be removed using the current tools approved for use in the OSIRIS-REx glovebox. This marks the first time NASA has encountered such a challenge in retrieving a sample from an asteroid in space, highlighting the intricacies of the TAGSAM mechanics.

Also watch |&nbsp;NASA Chief says Aliens exist

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-chief-says-aliens-exist-this-world-636678/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

In response to the unexpected challenge, the NASA team has been diligently working to troubleshoot the problem, adjusting their approach to opening the TAGSAM head. Despite multiple attempts, the resistant fasteners have proven formidable. The constraints of the OSIRIS-REx glovebox, designed to prevent contamination, have further complicated the process, limiting the tools that can be employed to those fitting within the glovebox.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-is-what-going-to-gym-looks-like-at-international-space-station-670676">Also read |&nbsp;This is what going to gym looks like on International Space Station</a>

Despite these formidable challenges, the NASA has has continued its efforts to&nbsp;access a portion of the sample. It has extracting 70.3 grams of rocks and dust from both the outside and inside of the TAGSAM head so far. Surpassing the initial goal of collecting 60 grams, this partial success has already yielded valuable insights into the composition of the asteroid, providing a silver lining amid the technical challenges faced by the space agency.

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material.

NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material. A precious payload from Bennu On September 24, NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft triumphantly returned to Earth, carrying a special payload—an invaluable canister filled with rocks and dust collected from the surface of asteroid Bennu. These space rocks are of profound significance, holding potential clues to the solar system's origin and the ability to answer critical questions about Earth's formation. The Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM), designed to secure the asteroid sample, has become an unexpected challenge for NASA's scientific and engineering teams. Despite months of preparation and anticipation, NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston encountered a hurdle when attempting to unlock the TAGSAM. Also read | Explained: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space NASA officially disclosed the issue on October 20, revealing that two out of the 35 fasteners on the TAGSAM head could not be removed using the current tools approved for use in the OSIRIS-REx glovebox. This marks the first time NASA has encountered such a challenge in retrieving a sample from an asteroid in space, highlighting the intricacies of the TAGSAM mechanics. Also watch | NASA Chief says Aliens exist In response to the unexpected challenge, the NASA team has been diligently working to troubleshoot the problem, adjusting their approach to opening the TAGSAM head. Despite multiple attempts, the resistant fasteners have proven formidable. The constraints of the OSIRIS-REx glovebox, designed to prevent contamination, have further complicated the process, limiting the tools that can be employed to those fitting within the glovebox. Also read | This is what going to gym looks like on International Space Station Despite these formidable challenges, the NASA has has continued its efforts to access a portion of the sample. It has extracting 70.3 grams of rocks and dust from both the outside and inside of the TAGSAM head so far. Surpassing the initial goal of collecting 60 grams, this partial success has already yielded valuable insights into the composition of the asteroid, providing a silver lining amid the technical challenges faced by the space agency. (With inputs from agencies)

Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu

NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station. 
 
When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag. For some time, Rubio had stowed the food inside which had floated away later. 
 
"Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," wrote NASA officials, in an update Thursday (Dec 14). However, they did not disclose the exact location. 
 
"Other than some discolouration, it had no visible microbial or fungal growth," they added.

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gA4kjdf8S6o?si=b2alznlX-pPHlwSr" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

Previously, Rubio had spoken about a single lost tomato which NASA has now informed grew as part of the eXposed Root On-Orbit Test System or XROOTS experiment in 2022.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-growing-food-in-space-what-is-nasas-veggie-project-670838">As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space</a>

"The experiment uses hydroponic and aeroponic techniques to grow plants without soil or other growth media and could provide suitable solutions for plant systems needed for future space exploration missions," the agency said. 
 
Although the find was a lighthearted moment for Rubio, who came back from his one-year mission, NASA said that the real reason for growing food on the ISS was to practice techniques which can be used during the exploration of the moon and Mars.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/iss-discovers-tomato-which-remained-lost-in-space-for-eight-months-667098">A tomato lost for 8 months on space station has finally been found, and it is a big deal</a>

&nbsp;

<h2>NASA tryst with space-grown veggies</h2>

NASA has been carrying out more than one experiment so as to provide astronauts with fresh food. 
 
VEG-05 was carrying out a test to produce dwarf tomatoes and other foods, while the Planet Habitat-03 "is one of the first multi-generational plant studies aboard the space station which could help researchers assess whether genetic adaptations in one generation of plants grown in space can transfer to the next”, as stated by NASA.

Watch:&nbsp;All about NASA's PACE mission to study Earth's clouds &amp; oceans

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/all-about-nasas-pace-mission-to-study-earths-clouds-oceans-670081/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

It added that there are intangible benefits in growing space food. "The benefits of growing plants in space don't stop there," said NASA officials, adding, "Astronauts report there are psychological benefits to time spent gardening, increasing their quality of life in space, and boosting their morale.”

(With inputs from agencies)

NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station. When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag.

NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station. When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag. For some time, Rubio had stowed the food inside which had floated away later. "Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," wrote NASA officials, in an update Thursday (Dec 14). However, they did not disclose the exact location. "Other than some discolouration, it had no visible microbial or fungal growth," they added. × Previously, Rubio had spoken about a single lost tomato which NASA has now informed grew as part of the eXposed Root On-Orbit Test System or XROOTS experiment in 2022. Also read: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space "The experiment uses hydroponic and aeroponic techniques to grow plants without soil or other growth media and could provide suitable solutions for plant systems needed for future space exploration missions," the agency said. Although the find was a lighthearted moment for Rubio, who came back from his one-year mission, NASA said that the real reason for growing food on the ISS was to practice techniques which can be used during the exploration of the moon and Mars. Also read: A tomato lost for 8 months on space station has finally been found, and it is a big deal NASA tryst with space-grown veggies NASA has been carrying out more than one experiment so as to provide astronauts with fresh food. VEG-05 was carrying out a test to produce dwarf tomatoes and other foods, while the Planet Habitat-03 "is one of the first multi-generational plant studies aboard the space station which could help researchers assess whether genetic adaptations in one generation of plants grown in space can transfer to the next”, as stated by NASA. Watch: All about NASA's PACE mission to study Earth's clouds & oceans It added that there are intangible benefits in growing space food. "The benefits of growing plants in space don't stop there," said NASA officials, adding, "Astronauts report there are psychological benefits to time spent gardening, increasing their quality of life in space, and boosting their morale.” (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months

Could a black hole be lurking inside our sun? Well if it does then what is its impact well our next report tells you what scientists make of this new interesting discovery on black holes.

There maybe small black hole inside some stars

space

Space, News on Space, stories on Space, articles on Space, Space stories at Wion, Space news, Space latest news