Libya suspended its foreign minister following her recent meeting with her Israeli counterpart. The country's Prime Minister stated in a formal document released by his office that Foreign Minister Najla Mangoush is facing temporary suspension it added that she will be subject to an administrative investigation by a Justice Minister's chaired commission.

Libya's Foreign Minister Najla Mangoush suspended over meeting with Israeli counterpart

Ex-Libyan FM Mangoush faces administrative investigation

Libya demanded that Israel remove the story about the meeting, but it was too late: Riots broke out, and the foreign minister was accused of treason and fled, purportedly on a private plane, to Turkey.

Libyan FM Najla Mangoush flees country after Israel reveals meeting with Israeli counterpart

Libyan Prime Minister suspended Foreign Minister Najla al-Mangoush on Sunday (August 27) in the aftermath of her Israeli counterpart announcing that he had held talks with her last week in Rome — an informal meeting. The prime minister also referred her for an investigation.&nbsp;

Al-Mangoush's meeting with Israeli Foreign Minister Eli Cohen sparked widespread protests because Libya does not recognise it and backs the Palestinian cause.&nbsp;

Libyan Prime Minister Abdulhamid Dbeibah said on Sunday evening in an official decision posted on Facebook that al-Mangoush has been "temporarily suspended" and will be subject to an "administrative investigation" by a commission chaired by the justice minister.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/we-will-definitely-be-left-alone-zelensky-says-allies-will-not-back-ukraine-in-hostilities-on-russian-soil-629791">'We will definitely be left alone': Zelensky says allies will not back Ukraine in hostilities on Russian soil</a>&nbsp;

The Libyan foreign ministry described it as a "chance and unofficial encounter" and the foreign ministry said that Mangoush had "refused to meet with any party" representing Israel. But despite that, the news of the meeting had already led to street protests in several Libyan cities.&nbsp;

"What happened in Rome was a chance and unofficial encounter, during a meeting with his Italian counterpart, which did not involve any discussion, agreement or consultation," the ministry said in a statement.&nbsp;

As per the statement, the minister had reiterated "in a clear and unambiguous manner Libya's position regarding the Palestinian cause".&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/fta-in-jeopardy-sunak-faces-conflict-of-interest-questions-over-akshata-infosys-connection-629853">FTA in jeopardy? Sunak faces conflict of interest questions over Akshata-Infosys connection</a>&nbsp;

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Meanwhile, Cohen hailed the meeting as a historic first step as Israel attempts to build closer ties with more Arab and Muslim-majority countries and works&nbsp;on establishing relations.&nbsp;

In the statement from Israel's foreign ministry, Cohen said: "I spoke with the foreign minister about the great potential for the two countries from their relations."&nbsp;

The Libyan foreign ministry accused Israel of trying to "present this incident" as a "meeting or talks". In the Israel foreign ministry statement, Cohen was quoted as saying that the two discussed "the importance of preserving the heritage of Libyan Jews, which includes renovating synagogues and Jewish cemeteries in the country".

"Libya's size and strategic location offer a huge opportunity for the State of Israel," he added.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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Libyan Prime Minister suspended Foreign Minister Najla al-Mangoush on Sunday (August 27) in the aftermath of her Israeli counterpart announcing that he had held talks with her last week in Rome — an informal meeting.

Libyan Prime Minister suspended Foreign Minister Najla al-Mangoush on Sunday (August 27) in the aftermath of her Israeli counterpart announcing that he had held talks with her last week in Rome — an informal meeting. The prime minister also referred her for an investigation. Al-Mangoush's meeting with Israeli Foreign Minister Eli Cohen sparked widespread protests because Libya does not recognise it and backs the Palestinian cause. Libyan Prime Minister Abdulhamid Dbeibah said on Sunday evening in an official decision posted on Facebook that al-Mangoush has been "temporarily suspended" and will be subject to an "administrative investigation" by a commission chaired by the justice minister. Also read: 'We will definitely be left alone': Zelensky says allies will not back Ukraine in hostilities on Russian soil The Libyan foreign ministry described it as a "chance and unofficial encounter" and the foreign ministry said that Mangoush had "refused to meet with any party" representing Israel. But despite that, the news of the meeting had already led to street protests in several Libyan cities. "What happened in Rome was a chance and unofficial encounter, during a meeting with his Italian counterpart, which did not involve any discussion, agreement or consultation," the ministry said in a statement. As per the statement, the minister had reiterated "in a clear and unambiguous manner Libya's position regarding the Palestinian cause". Also read: FTA in jeopardy? Sunak faces conflict of interest questions over Akshata-Infosys connection Watch this report: × Meanwhile, Cohen hailed the meeting as a historic first step as Israel attempts to build closer ties with more Arab and Muslim-majority countries and works on establishing relations. In the statement from Israel's foreign ministry, Cohen said: "I spoke with the foreign minister about the great potential for the two countries from their relations." The Libyan foreign ministry accused Israel of trying to "present this incident" as a "meeting or talks". In the Israel foreign ministry statement, Cohen was quoted as saying that the two discussed "the importance of preserving the heritage of Libyan Jews, which includes renovating synagogues and Jewish cemeteries in the country". "Libya's size and strategic location offer a huge opportunity for the State of Israel," he added. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Protests mar Libya, foreign minister suspended after meeting with Israeli counterpart

Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy is set to face trial in 2025 following allegations that he accepted funds from the late Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi to finance one of his election campaigns, news agencies reported citing prosecutors. If convicted, the former French president could face up to 10 years in prison. The trial will delve into evidence suggesting that Sarkozy, along with 12 co-defendants, engaged in a conspiracy to unlawfully secure funds from Gaddafi to support his successful 2007 presidential bid.&nbsp;"There's not even the smallest inkling of proof," he reportedly said in a 2018 interview.&nbsp;

<h2>Denial of allegations</h2>

Sarkozy, a right-wing politician who has encountered numerous legal challenges since his single term as president from 2007 to 2012, vehemently denies the allegations involving Libyan funding.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-with-prigozhin-dead-wagner-groups-bloodied-past-tumultuous-present-uncertain-future-629170">With Prigozhin dead, Wagner group's bloodied past, tumultuous present &amp; uncertain future</a>

These allegations stand as the most severe legal issue he currently faces. Despite being convicted twice for corruption and influence-peddling in separate cases related to attempts to manipulate a judge and campaign financing, Sarkozy has contested both verdicts through appeals.

<h2>Prominent figures among co-defendants</h2>

Several significant figures are among the co-defendants who will face trial for their alleged involvement in the Libyan funding scandal. These include Claude Gueant, Sarkozy's former right-hand man, Eric Woerth, the former head of campaign financing, and Brice Hortefeux, a former minister.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/greek-wildfires-are-worst-in-europe-in-decades-says-eu-backed-climate-service-629165">Greek wildfires are worst in Europe in years, says EU-backed climate service</a>

The investigation was triggered by revelations from the investigative platform Mediapart, which released a document purportedly indicating that Gaddafi had agreed to provide Sarkozy with up to 50 million euros ($54 million based on current exchange rates).

The prosecutor's office has announced that the first hearing is designated for March 7, 2024. The trial is planned between January 6, 2025, and April 10, 2025, according to the information provided. After his unsuccessful appeal in May, 68-year-old Sarkozy's 2021 conviction on charges of corruption and influence peddling stands. His legal team has expressed their intention to contest this verdict at France's highest court, reported Reuters.&nbsp;

<h2>Sarkozy-Gaddafi relations&nbsp;</h2>

Sarkozy and Gaddafi shared an unexpectedly amicable relationship, exemplified by Gaddafi setting up his Bedouin tent across from the Elysee Palace during a state visit to France shortly after Sarkozy's election. Sarkozy's recent activities have rekindled attention in France, with the release of the second volume of his memoirs and his suggestions regarding the recognition of Russia-occupied Ukrainian territories following last year's Kremlin-led invasion.

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He has also expressed his stance that Crimea, which has been annexed by Russia, will remain under Russian control, dismissing the possibility of reverting to the pre-annexation status quo.

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Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy is set to face trial in 2025 following allegations that he accepted funds from the late Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi to finance one of his election campaigns, news agencies reported citing prosecutors.

Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy is set to face trial in 2025 following allegations that he accepted funds from the late Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi to finance one of his election campaigns, news agencies reported citing prosecutors. If convicted, the former French president could face up to 10 years in prison. The trial will delve into evidence suggesting that Sarkozy, along with 12 co-defendants, engaged in a conspiracy to unlawfully secure funds from Gaddafi to support his successful 2007 presidential bid. "There's not even the smallest inkling of proof," he reportedly said in a 2018 interview. Denial of allegations Sarkozy, a right-wing politician who has encountered numerous legal challenges since his single term as president from 2007 to 2012, vehemently denies the allegations involving Libyan funding. Also Read | With Prigozhin dead, Wagner group's bloodied past, tumultuous present & uncertain future These allegations stand as the most severe legal issue he currently faces. Despite being convicted twice for corruption and influence-peddling in separate cases related to attempts to manipulate a judge and campaign financing, Sarkozy has contested both verdicts through appeals. Prominent figures among co-defendants Several significant figures are among the co-defendants who will face trial for their alleged involvement in the Libyan funding scandal. These include Claude Gueant, Sarkozy's former right-hand man, Eric Woerth, the former head of campaign financing, and Brice Hortefeux, a former minister. Also Read | Greek wildfires are worst in Europe in years, says EU-backed climate service The investigation was triggered by revelations from the investigative platform Mediapart, which released a document purportedly indicating that Gaddafi had agreed to provide Sarkozy with up to 50 million euros ($54 million based on current exchange rates). The prosecutor's office has announced that the first hearing is designated for March 7, 2024. The trial is planned between January 6, 2025, and April 10, 2025, according to the information provided. After his unsuccessful appeal in May, 68-year-old Sarkozy's 2021 conviction on charges of corruption and influence peddling stands. His legal team has expressed their intention to contest this verdict at France's highest court, reported Reuters. Sarkozy-Gaddafi relations Sarkozy and Gaddafi shared an unexpectedly amicable relationship, exemplified by Gaddafi setting up his Bedouin tent across from the Elysee Palace during a state visit to France shortly after Sarkozy's election. Sarkozy's recent activities have rekindled attention in France, with the release of the second volume of his memoirs and his suggestions regarding the recognition of Russia-occupied Ukrainian territories following last year's Kremlin-led invasion. Watch | PM Modi, Xi Jinping discuss border issues in Johannesburg × He has also expressed his stance that Crimea, which has been annexed by Russia, will remain under Russian control, dismissing the possibility of reverting to the pre-annexation status quo. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Trial looms for ex-French President Sarkozy over alleged illicit funding from Gaddafi for election campaign

At least 55 people were killed in deadly clashes between rival militias in the Libyan capital, Tripoli. Close to 150 others were also injured in these clashes that erupted on the night of 14th August and raged through the next day as well. The fierce gun battle forced the closure of the city's main airport while also leaving residents trapped in their homes, unable to escape the violence. The escalation in violence comes on the heels of months of relative peace after nearly a decade of civil war in Libya, where two rival sets of authorities are locked in a political impasse. Mohammed Saleh brings you this report.

Escalation in violence after months of relative peace

The civil conflict in Libya has escalated, threatening to destabilize the region further. Locals are stranded in their homes in the Libyan capital, Tripoli, which is witnessing a spiralling conflict between two armed factions. Libya has seen little peace since 2011. But in the last decade, armed factions continue to gain a stronger foothold and power in the country. As the civil crisis shows no signs of ending, the eternal question remains...Who will save Libya now?

The deadly trail of turmoil in Libya

Seventeen Indian nationals from Punjab and Haryana have been successfully repatriated to India following a challenging situation in Libya. The coordinated efforts of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and the Indian Embassy in Tunis culminated in a positive outcome, with the Indians reaching Delhi on Sunday evening. The reparation was challenging given that the Indian embassy in Libya has been closed since April 2019 due to the situation on the ground and all consular needs are handled by the Indian mission in Tunisia.

The saga began on May 26 when family members of the stranded Indian nationals alerted the Indian Embassy in Tunis about their situation. These individuals had been trafficked from India and were held captive by an armed group in the city of Zwara, Libya. Responding promptly, the Indian Embassy initiated a systematic approach to address the crisis. Throughout the months of May and June, officials from the embassy engaged with Libyan authorities through both formal and informal channels. Tabassum Mansoor, the principal of the Indian International School-IIS, Benghazi has been playing a key role in the evacuation and repatriation of Indian nationals from the country in the past. In 2020, and in 2011, she played a key role in rescuing Indian nationals.

A significant breakthrough occurred on June 13 when Libyan authorities successfully rescued the trapped Indian nationals. However, due to their unlawful entry into Libya, the individuals were initially held under Libyan custody. This marked a new phase in the ordeal, requiring further diplomatic intervention. With strategic intervention from the Indian Ambassador in Tunis, NJ&nbsp;Gangte and senior MEA officials in New Delhi, the issue progressed positively.

Throughout their stay in Libya, the Indian Embassy in Tunis provided crucial assistance to the stranded citizens. Basic necessities such as food, medicines, and clothing were provided to alleviate their hardships. Given their lack of passports, Emergency Certificates were issued to facilitate their journey back to India. Additionally, the Indian Embassy arranged flight tickets for the return journey, covering the expenses and ensuring a smooth repatriation process.

Amidst the backdrop of Libya's prolonged Civil War since 2014, the Indian government took a resolute stance on April 16, 2016, imposing a travel ban to Libya. This precautionary measure was aimed to ensure the safety and well-being of Indian nationals amidst the deteriorating security landscape in the conflict-ridden nation.

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Seventeen Indian nationals from Punjab and Haryana have been successfully repatriated to India following a challenging situation in Libya. The coordinated efforts of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and the Indian Embassy in Tunis culminated in a positive outcome, with the Indians reaching Delhi on Sunday evening.

Seventeen Indian nationals from Punjab and Haryana have been successfully repatriated to India following a challenging situation in Libya. The coordinated efforts of the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and the Indian Embassy in Tunis culminated in a positive outcome, with the Indians reaching Delhi on Sunday evening. The reparation was challenging given that the Indian embassy in Libya has been closed since April 2019 due to the situation on the ground and all consular needs are handled by the Indian mission in Tunisia. The saga began on May 26 when family members of the stranded Indian nationals alerted the Indian Embassy in Tunis about their situation. These individuals had been trafficked from India and were held captive by an armed group in the city of Zwara, Libya. Responding promptly, the Indian Embassy initiated a systematic approach to address the crisis. Throughout the months of May and June, officials from the embassy engaged with Libyan authorities through both formal and informal channels. Tabassum Mansoor, the principal of the Indian International School-IIS, Benghazi has been playing a key role in the evacuation and repatriation of Indian nationals from the country in the past. In 2020, and in 2011, she played a key role in rescuing Indian nationals. A significant breakthrough occurred on June 13 when Libyan authorities successfully rescued the trapped Indian nationals. However, due to their unlawful entry into Libya, the individuals were initially held under Libyan custody. This marked a new phase in the ordeal, requiring further diplomatic intervention. With strategic intervention from the Indian Ambassador in Tunis, NJ Gangte and senior MEA officials in New Delhi, the issue progressed positively. Throughout their stay in Libya, the Indian Embassy in Tunis provided crucial assistance to the stranded citizens. Basic necessities such as food, medicines, and clothing were provided to alleviate their hardships. Given their lack of passports, Emergency Certificates were issued to facilitate their journey back to India. Additionally, the Indian Embassy arranged flight tickets for the return journey, covering the expenses and ensuring a smooth repatriation process. Amidst the backdrop of Libya's prolonged Civil War since 2014, the Indian government took a resolute stance on April 16, 2016, imposing a travel ban to Libya. This precautionary measure was aimed to ensure the safety and well-being of Indian nationals amidst the deteriorating security landscape in the conflict-ridden nation. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Successful repatriation: 17 Indian nationals safely return home after Libya ordeal

Libya's capital Tripoli was eerily quiet on Sunday, a day after the worst fighting which resulted in 55 people getting killed and 146 getting injured. This as forces aligned with the parliament-backed administration attempted to dislodge the Tripoli-based government but failed.

Death toll in Libya clashes rises to 55, atleast 146 injured

Shovelling sand onto a truck in&nbsp;Pakistan-occupied Kashmir&nbsp;(PoK) valley, says a man, who shares only his surname Butt, and adds that he ended his treacherous bid for a better life when an overloaded fishing trawler sank off the coast of Greece last month.

Up to 350 Pakistanis were believed to be among the 600 who drowned, including 24 from Butt's hometown of Khuiratta in the lush PoK valley.

"Looking back, I realise that the risk I took was not worth it," Butt told AFP.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/hindu-women-in-pakistans-sindh-province-forced-to-marry-their-abductors-618275">Hindu women in Pakistan's Sindh province forced to marry their abductors</a>

Butt is one of several men from Khuiratta who told AFP the disaster prompted them to give up on the journey after reaching Libya.

"Life is defined by the quality time you spend with your children and spouse, not the amount of money you possess," he said.

Tens of thousands of young men have handed over family fortunes to agents who smuggle them to Europe, from where remittances -- even more valuable since Pakistan's economy slumped into crisis last year -- can be wired home.

Butt sought help from friends and family, and his wife sold her wedding jewellery to collect 2.2 million rupees (around $7,500) he needed to pay the human traffickers organising the trip.

The first legs&nbsp;of his journey were uneventful -- commercial flights to Dubai and Egypt, then overland to Libya, where his ordeal really started.

He spent two months in a makeshift shanty camp with 600 other migrants, waiting for the day they would be put on a cargo ship to make the journey across the Mediterranean.

<h2>The anguish of families</h2>

Instead, they were crowded onto a rickety fishing boat and spent eight days floundering in international waters, where they were first fired on, then rammed, by a Libyan naval vessel, Butt said.

They only stayed afloat because the navy ship abandoned them when a storm struck, he added -- but it returned days later to tow them back to port, where they were thrown in jail.

"They gave us the minimal amount of food to keep us alive... a plate of macaroni or boiled rice would be shared among five people," Butt said.

"They were brutal people."

While he was in jail, news reached his hometown of the migrant boat sinking off Greece, causing heartbreak and distress.

"I can't explain the pain and anguish I went through for a week," Butt's wife Mehwish Matloob told AFP.

"I felt as though my entire world had crumbled before me," the 31-year-old said, clutching a shawl.

Butt finally got out of jail and was able to contact his family to tell them he was alive.

His mother, 76-year-old Razia Latif, says she now regrets the danger he endured.

"We thought that others were making it to Europe, so why not send him too," she said.

"We would have preferred begging had we known it was that difficult."

<h2>'Greed' and risk</h2>

The International Organization for Migration has declared the Mediterranean passage the world's most perilous migration route.

Around 1,728 migrants have gone missing there this year alone -- surpassing the 1,417 disappearances recorded in 2022.

But families that do get one or more of their young men abroad can prosper from the money sent back.

The noticeable disparity between families with relatives in Europe and those without is causing envy, said Zafar Iqbal Ghazi of Kashmir's Human Rights Forum group.

"If someone has a single-storey home, right next to it you will find a three-storey home, and bigger mansions, and so on," he said.

And the promise of untold riches abroad attracts those even well off by local standards.

Hamza Bhatti was earning 200,000 rupees a month (around $700) as a driver in Saudi Arabia -- enough to comfortably support his wife and their eight-month-old son -- but he still saw greener pastures in Europe.&nbsp;

"I believed that life in Europe would be more vibrant and colourful compared to my experience in Saudi Arabia," the 29-year-old told AFP.

Bhatti was jailed after his boat was returned to port by Libyan authorities and he found himself alongside Butt as news of the sinking broke.

"It was my greed that took me to the brink of death," he said.

<h2>Smuggling agents arrested</h2>

Ghazi said more than 175 youngsters from Khuiratta alone left illegally for Europe last year, and he believes any recent pause after the boat incident in Greece will only be temporary.

Pakistan's Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) said 69 smuggling agents had been arrested since a crackdown was launched last month, but prosecutions will be difficult.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/four-boats-with-over-200-migrants-rescued-in-spains-canary-islands-in-a-day-607534">Five boats with over 300 migrants rescued near Spain’s Canary Islands in a day</a>

"The challenge lies in the fact that most of these youngsters possess valid visas for Dubai, which they use as a starting point to reach Libya," one FIA official said, speaking anonymously to AFP.

"This is not a new phenomenon, and it will not end after the Greece boat tragedy."

European Union lawmakers have urged Brussels to provide support to member states to strengthen their capacity to carry out sea rescues, but attitudes towards migrants are hardening across Europe, with Greece steadily slashing benefits for asylum seekers.

Mehwish says her husband Butt will never again attempt the journey -- even though traffickers refunded part of his payment in the hope they wouldn't be reported.

"I don't regret losing the gold, and I am content to live in poverty as long as he is with me," she said.

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&nbsp;

Shovelling sand onto a truck in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK) valley, says a man, who shares only his surname Butt, and adds that he ended his treacherous bid for a better life when an overloaded fishing trawler sank off the coast of Greece last month.

Shovelling sand onto a truck in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK) valley, says a man, who shares only his surname Butt, and adds that he ended his treacherous bid for a better life when an overloaded fishing trawler sank off the coast of Greece last month. Up to 350 Pakistanis were believed to be among the 600 who drowned, including 24 from Butt's hometown of Khuiratta in the lush PoK valley. "Looking back, I realise that the risk I took was not worth it," Butt told AFP. Also read | Hindu women in Pakistan's Sindh province forced to marry their abductors Butt is one of several men from Khuiratta who told AFP the disaster prompted them to give up on the journey after reaching Libya. "Life is defined by the quality time you spend with your children and spouse, not the amount of money you possess," he said. Tens of thousands of young men have handed over family fortunes to agents who smuggle them to Europe, from where remittances -- even more valuable since Pakistan's economy slumped into crisis last year -- can be wired home. Butt sought help from friends and family, and his wife sold her wedding jewellery to collect 2.2 million rupees (around $7,500) he needed to pay the human traffickers organising the trip. The first legs of his journey were uneventful -- commercial flights to Dubai and Egypt, then overland to Libya, where his ordeal really started. He spent two months in a makeshift shanty camp with 600 other migrants, waiting for the day they would be put on a cargo ship to make the journey across the Mediterranean. The anguish of families Instead, they were crowded onto a rickety fishing boat and spent eight days floundering in international waters, where they were first fired on, then rammed, by a Libyan naval vessel, Butt said. They only stayed afloat because the navy ship abandoned them when a storm struck, he added -- but it returned days later to tow them back to port, where they were thrown in jail. "They gave us the minimal amount of food to keep us alive... a plate of macaroni or boiled rice would be shared among five people," Butt said. "They were brutal people." While he was in jail, news reached his hometown of the migrant boat sinking off Greece, causing heartbreak and distress. "I can't explain the pain and anguish I went through for a week," Butt's wife Mehwish Matloob told AFP. "I felt as though my entire world had crumbled before me," the 31-year-old said, clutching a shawl. Butt finally got out of jail and was able to contact his family to tell them he was alive. His mother, 76-year-old Razia Latif, says she now regrets the danger he endured. "We thought that others were making it to Europe, so why not send him too," she said. "We would have preferred begging had we known it was that difficult." 'Greed' and risk The International Organization for Migration has declared the Mediterranean passage the world's most perilous migration route. Around 1,728 migrants have gone missing there this year alone -- surpassing the 1,417 disappearances recorded in 2022. But families that do get one or more of their young men abroad can prosper from the money sent back. The noticeable disparity between families with relatives in Europe and those without is causing envy, said Zafar Iqbal Ghazi of Kashmir's Human Rights Forum group. "If someone has a single-storey home, right next to it you will find a three-storey home, and bigger mansions, and so on," he said. And the promise of untold riches abroad attracts those even well off by local standards. Hamza Bhatti was earning 200,000 rupees a month (around $700) as a driver in Saudi Arabia -- enough to comfortably support his wife and their eight-month-old son -- but he still saw greener pastures in Europe. "I believed that life in Europe would be more vibrant and colourful compared to my experience in Saudi Arabia," the 29-year-old told AFP. Bhatti was jailed after his boat was returned to port by Libyan authorities and he found himself alongside Butt as news of the sinking broke. "It was my greed that took me to the brink of death," he said. Smuggling agents arrested Ghazi said more than 175 youngsters from Khuiratta alone left illegally for Europe last year, and he believes any recent pause after the boat incident in Greece will only be temporary. Pakistan's Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) said 69 smuggling agents had been arrested since a crackdown was launched last month, but prosecutions will be difficult. Also read | Five boats with over 300 migrants rescued near Spain’s Canary Islands in a day "The challenge lies in the fact that most of these youngsters possess valid visas for Dubai, which they use as a starting point to reach Libya," one FIA official said, speaking anonymously to AFP. "This is not a new phenomenon, and it will not end after the Greece boat tragedy." European Union lawmakers have urged Brussels to provide support to member states to strengthen their capacity to carry out sea rescues, but attitudes towards migrants are hardening across Europe, with Greece steadily slashing benefits for asylum seekers. Mehwish says her husband Butt will never again attempt the journey -- even though traffickers refunded part of his payment in the hope they wouldn't be reported. "I don't regret losing the gold, and I am content to live in poverty as long as he is with me," she said. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Pakistani migrants perished in Greece boat tragedy, survivors abandoned journey to Europe

Deadliest ship wreck off the Greece coast kills 79, hundreds still missing

In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it encountered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and grounded offshore in the Janzour Area.

They were subsequently taken into captivity by Az Zawiya, a local armed group near Al Maya Port in Zawia City. The successful release of the sailors can be attributed to the key role played by two individuals, namely Tabassum Mansoor, the Principal of the Indian International School in Benghazi, and Ngulkham Jathom Gangte, the Ambassador of India to Tunisia.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/highly-decorated-australian-soldier-loses-case-against-media-giants-amidst-grave-war-crimes-allegations-599163">Highly-decorated Australian soldier loses case against media giants amidst grave war crimes allegations</a>

Ambassador Gangte praised the contribution of Tabassum Mansoor, saying, "From Tripoli, whatever efforts we exerted, it did not make any progress. Ultimately, the idea was to call Mrs. Tabassum for assistance." 
 
"Today, I would like to fully acknowledge the contribution of Mrs. Tabassum in the release of the nine Indians; it was through her contacts in the House of Representatives, and she personally came and met them."

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/tragedy-in-indias-haryana-minor-girl-strangulates-younger-brother-as-she-felt-parents-loved-him-more-599137">Tragedy in India's Haryana: Minor girl strangulates younger brother as she felt parents loved him more</a>

Tabassum Mansoor, known for her unwavering dedication to the welfare of Indian nationals in Libya, utilised her extensive network and connections to navigate the complex web of negotiations with the rebel group. Her contacts in the House of Representatives proved invaluable in securing the release of the sailors.

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The Indian ambassador emphasised the arduous journey undertaken to secure the freedom of the sailors. The news of the sailors' release brings relief not only to their families but also to the entire Indian community in Libya. The nine sailors, who endured months of captivity and uncertainty, will now be able to reunite with their loved ones.

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In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it encountered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and grounded offshore in the Janzour Area.

In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it encountered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and grounded offshore in the Janzour Area. They were subsequently taken into captivity by Az Zawiya, a local armed group near Al Maya Port in Zawia City. The successful release of the sailors can be attributed to the key role played by two individuals, namely Tabassum Mansoor, the Principal of the Indian International School in Benghazi, and Ngulkham Jathom Gangte, the Ambassador of India to Tunisia. Also Read | Highly-decorated Australian soldier loses case against media giants amidst grave war crimes allegations Ambassador Gangte praised the contribution of Tabassum Mansoor, saying, "From Tripoli, whatever efforts we exerted, it did not make any progress. Ultimately, the idea was to call Mrs. Tabassum for assistance." "Today, I would like to fully acknowledge the contribution of Mrs. Tabassum in the release of the nine Indians; it was through her contacts in the House of Representatives, and she personally came and met them." Also Read | Tragedy in India's Haryana: Minor girl strangulates younger brother as she felt parents loved him more Tabassum Mansoor, known for her unwavering dedication to the welfare of Indian nationals in Libya, utilised her extensive network and connections to navigate the complex web of negotiations with the rebel group. Her contacts in the House of Representatives proved invaluable in securing the release of the sailors. Watch | Singer Sia reveals Autism diagnosis, reflects on personal journey | Details × The Indian ambassador emphasised the arduous journey undertaken to secure the freedom of the sailors. The news of the sailors' release brings relief not only to their families but also to the entire Indian community in Libya. The nine sailors, who endured months of captivity and uncertainty, will now be able to reunite with their loved ones. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Nine Indian sailors released from Libyan rebel custody after months of captivity

In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it suffered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and was stranded offshore in the Janzour Area. The sailors were subsequently taken into captivity by Az Zawiya, a local armed group near Al Maya Port in Zawia city.

The successful release of the sailors can be attributed to the key role played by two individuals, namely Tabassum Mansoor, the Principal of the Indian International School in Benghazi, and Ngulkham Jathom Gangte, the Ambassador of India to Tunisia.

Ambassador Gangte praised the contribution of Tabassum Mansoor.

"From Tripoli, whatever efforts we exerted, it did not make any progress. Ultimately, the idea was to call Mrs. Tabassum for assistance. Today, I would like to fully acknowledge the contribution of Mrs. Tabassum in the release of the nine Indians; it was through her contacts in the House of Representatives, and she personally came and met them," said the ambassador.

Tabassum Mansoor, known for her unwavering dedication to the welfare of Indian nationals in Libya, utilised her extensive network and connections to navigate the complex web of negotiations with the rebel group. Her contacts in the House of Representatives proved invaluable in securing the release of the sailors.

The Indian ambassador emphasised the arduous journey undertaken to secure the freedom of the sailors. The news of the sailors' release brings relief not only to their families but also to the entire Indian community in Libya. The nine sailors, who endured months of captivity and uncertainty, will now be able to reunite with their loved ones.

In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it suffered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and was stranded offshore in the Janzour Area.

In a remarkable turn of events, nine Indian sailors who had been held captive by Libyan rebels since January have finally been released. The crew, consisting of nine Indian sailors recruited through the Greek company M/s Redwings Shipping SA, had been aboard the ship named Maya-1, flying the flag of Cameroon, when it suffered a breakdown near the coast of Libya and was stranded offshore in the Janzour Area. The sailors were subsequently taken into captivity by Az Zawiya, a local armed group near Al Maya Port in Zawia city. The successful release of the sailors can be attributed to the key role played by two individuals, namely Tabassum Mansoor, the Principal of the Indian International School in Benghazi, and Ngulkham Jathom Gangte, the Ambassador of India to Tunisia. Ambassador Gangte praised the contribution of Tabassum Mansoor. "From Tripoli, whatever efforts we exerted, it did not make any progress. Ultimately, the idea was to call Mrs. Tabassum for assistance. Today, I would like to fully acknowledge the contribution of Mrs. Tabassum in the release of the nine Indians; it was through her contacts in the House of Representatives, and she personally came and met them," said the ambassador. Tabassum Mansoor, known for her unwavering dedication to the welfare of Indian nationals in Libya, utilised her extensive network and connections to navigate the complex web of negotiations with the rebel group. Her contacts in the House of Representatives proved invaluable in securing the release of the sailors. The Indian ambassador emphasised the arduous journey undertaken to secure the freedom of the sailors. The news of the sailors' release brings relief not only to their families but also to the entire Indian community in Libya. The nine sailors, who endured months of captivity and uncertainty, will now be able to reunite with their loved ones.

Nine Indian sailors released from Libyan rebel custody after months in captivity

Libyan capital Tripoli on Monday was witness to hours of fighting between two armed groups. Both the groups are aligned with the divided country's UN-backed government, as per reports in local media.

Several residents in the city were lightly wounded in the clashes which began Sunday night and spread across several neighbourhoods.

Fighters from rival militias -- the Al-Raada Force and the 444 Brigade, both of which are loyal to interim Prime Minister Abdulhamid Dbeibah's Tripoli-based government -- clashed after a member of the 444 Brigade was arrested.

TV and online media showed videos of the fighting which were posted by social media users.

An elderly man "was injured in the arm by shrapnel as he fled his home in Ain Zara by car", the Tripoli Rescue Service said on its Facebook page, also condemning damage to ambulances during the gun battles.

<h2>Armoured vehicles, ambulances</h2>

Armoured vehicles along with fighters could be seen deploying in Jrabra Street. It is a busy commercial area in the capital's east. Such activity was also seen in central Ras Hassan residential district.

After a lull in the fighting, heavy and light weapons fire was heard, along with ambulance sirens, in the eastern suburbs of Ain Zara and Fornaj until 3:00 am (0100 GMT) Monday, according to an AFP correspondent.&nbsp;

The University of Tripoli said Monday it was forced to "close its doors" and suspend exams as a security measure.

The fighting was reportedly halted after the intervention of another armed group that is responsible for security, the Stabilisation Support Agency.

Libya is split between Dbeibah's United Nations-backed government in the west and another in the east backed by military strongman Khalifa Haftar.

The oil-rich country was plunged into years of chaos after a NATO-backed uprising toppled and killed strongman Moamer Kadhafi in 2011.

In the month of August last year, thirty two people were killed and 159 wounded in Libyan capital after groups supporting the Haftar-backed government fought with Dbeiba's forces.

The latest Tripoli fighting comes after Dbeibah's government carried out drone strikes since Thursday near the western city of Zawiya, claimed to be on targets connected to fuel and drug smuggling and people trafficking.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Libyan capital Tripoli on Monday was witness to hours of fighting between two armed groups. Both the groups are aligned with the divided country's UN-backed government, as per reports in local media.

Libyan capital Tripoli on Monday was witness to hours of fighting between two armed groups. Both the groups are aligned with the divided country's UN-backed government, as per reports in local media. Several residents in the city were lightly wounded in the clashes which began Sunday night and spread across several neighbourhoods. Fighters from rival militias -- the Al-Raada Force and the 444 Brigade, both of which are loyal to interim Prime Minister Abdulhamid Dbeibah's Tripoli-based government -- clashed after a member of the 444 Brigade was arrested. TV and online media showed videos of the fighting which were posted by social media users. An elderly man "was injured in the arm by shrapnel as he fled his home in Ain Zara by car", the Tripoli Rescue Service said on its Facebook page, also condemning damage to ambulances during the gun battles. Armoured vehicles, ambulances Armoured vehicles along with fighters could be seen deploying in Jrabra Street. It is a busy commercial area in the capital's east. Such activity was also seen in central Ras Hassan residential district. After a lull in the fighting, heavy and light weapons fire was heard, along with ambulance sirens, in the eastern suburbs of Ain Zara and Fornaj until 3:00 am (0100 GMT) Monday, according to an AFP correspondent. The University of Tripoli said Monday it was forced to "close its doors" and suspend exams as a security measure. The fighting was reportedly halted after the intervention of another armed group that is responsible for security, the Stabilisation Support Agency. Libya is split between Dbeibah's United Nations-backed government in the west and another in the east backed by military strongman Khalifa Haftar. The oil-rich country was plunged into years of chaos after a NATO-backed uprising toppled and killed strongman Moamer Kadhafi in 2011. In the month of August last year, thirty two people were killed and 159 wounded in Libyan capital after groups supporting the Haftar-backed government fought with Dbeiba's forces. The latest Tripoli fighting comes after Dbeibah's government carried out drone strikes since Thursday near the western city of Zawiya, claimed to be on targets connected to fuel and drug smuggling and people trafficking. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Libyan capital Tripoli sees clash between armed groups

Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy, on Wednesday (May 17) lost his appeal against a 2021 corruption sentence in a Paris court. However, instead of spending time in jail, the former president will serve his time at his home but will have to wear&nbsp;an electronic tag. While Sarkozy is the first ex-president in post-war France to receive a custodial sentence for corruption, it is not the only legal battle he is currently embroiled in.

Let’s take a look at the life, career and legal woes of the former French president.&nbsp;

<h2>Who is Nicolas Sarkozy?</h2>

The 68-year-old conservative leader who also served as the former interior minister has been plagued by corruption investigations since the end of his five-year term between 2007-2012 as the President of France.&nbsp;

The critics dubbed Sarkozy's presidency as “bling-bling” as his leadership style has been described as brash, celebrity-driven and hyperactive for a role which is typically steeped in tradition and grandeur. This image was further solidified when he married his current wife, former supermodel and singer, Carla Bruni.&nbsp;

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/french-court-upholds-3-year-sentence-of-former-president-sarkozy-593326">French court upholds 3-year sentence of former President Sarkozy</a>

The so-called “hyper-president” is also divorced twice and has one son from his second marriage and two sons from his first marriage. Sarkozy had also sought to become the president in 2016, however, the Republicans in France had instead nominated former Prime Minister François Fillon who lost against incumbent President Emmanuel Macron who took office in 2017.&nbsp;

Sarkozy’s political ambitions have long been overshadowed by investigations since he left office in 2012. However, he has managed to retain considerable influence and popularity on the right of French politics.

<h2>‘Wiretapping affair’&nbsp;</h2>

In 2014, Sarkozy was first placed under official investigation for influence peddling after he had left office for which he was later convicted. In France, the case known as the “wiretapping affair” where his wiretapped phone calls showed that he discussed the idea of offering a high-ranking judge a cushy job in Monaco, in exchange for information about a financing investigation.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/former-french-president-sarkozy-loses-corruption-appeal-prison-sentence-upheld-593252">Former French president Nicholas Sarkozy loses corruption appeal, to wear tag as sentence upheld</a>&nbsp;

At the time, prosecutors alleged that Sarkozy’s lawyer, Thierry Herzog, tried to obtain information from Judge Gilbert Azibert, about a case which involved illicit payments from L’Oreal heiress Liliane Bettencourt for Sarkozy’s 2007 presidential election campaign. The case was later dismissed.&nbsp;

However, it resurfaced in 2014 which led to a formal investigation against him. Two of Sarkozy’s phones were wiretapped by investigators a year prior who were looking into money flows from Libya and stumbled upon the secret line used by the former president and his lawyer, Herzog.&nbsp;

<h2>Recently upheld&nbsp;verdict of the case</h2>

In line with these allegations, Sarkozy was convicted in 2021 for corruption and influence peddling a ruling which he appealed and lost on Wednesday. However, his lawyers have since vowed to challenge it at France’s highest court, Cour de Cassation. The court reviews lower court rulings on the grounds of legal or procedural errors, but not factual aspects.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/frances-sarkozy-likely-to-avoid-jail-despite-new-conviction-417167">France's Sarkozy likely to avoid jail despite new conviction</a>

The appeals court in Paris upheld the three-year prison sentence and in line with the previous ruling said two of those years were suspended and that Sarkozy would wear an electronic bracelet for the remaining year. Meanwhile, the former French president’s lawyer maintained that he had committed no wrongdoing and described the ruling as “stupefying.”

“We will not give up this fight,” said defence lawyer Jacqueline Laffont. This comes after a lower court found Sarkozy guilty of trying to bribe a judge after leaving office and peddling influence in exchange for confidential information.&nbsp;

The presiding judge, Sophie Clement in Wednesday’s hearing also upheld convictions against Herzog and Azibert. According to Clement, Herzog’s judgement as a lawyer was clouded because of his friendship with Sarkozy. She also said that Herzog had breached professional codes of conduct by not warning the former president that what he was doing was illegal.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/frances-sarkozy-to-face-trial-for-corruption-influence-peddling-127121">France's Sarkozy to face trial for corruption, influence peddling</a>

The judge also went on to dismiss Sarkozy’s claim that he was not aware of what Herzog and Azibert had discussed citing the wiretapped exchanges and also rejected the former president’s argument that wiretapped conversations cannot be presented as evidence.&nbsp;

<h2>‘Bygmalion affair’: Another campaign financing case</h2>

Another case related to Sarkozy’s campaign finances came to be known as the so-called ‘Bygmalion affair’ for which he was also convicted in 2021 and was handed a one-year prison sentence. The case centred around the accusation that Sarkozy’s party, then known as the UMP, worked with a PR company Bygmalion, to hide the actual cost of his failed 2012 presidential election bid.&nbsp;

As per French laws, candidates are only allowed to spend $24 million. However, Bygmalion provided a series of false invoices for more than $19 million to his party but not the campaign which, according to the prosecutors, effectively enabled Sarkozy’s party to spend over the limit. The former president was among 14 who were to witness a trial in relation to the case.&nbsp;

<h2>Did Sarkozy take money from Gaddafi?</h2>

Investigators who had wiretapped the ex-president’s phones were looking for evidence of money flows from Libya for which Sarkozy may soon face another trial. Earlier this month, prosecutors requested that Sarkozy should face trial over allegations that the Libyan government illegally contributed to his successful 2007 presidential bid.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/former-france-president-sarkozy-charged-over-libyan-campaign-financing-335737">Former France president Sarkozy charged over Libyan campaign financing</a>

France’s financial crimes prosecutor (PNF) has also called for a trial for 12 others after they allegedly sought millions of euros in financing from the regime of then-Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. The allegations were first made public by the late autocrat’s son.&nbsp;

However, Sarkozy has denied any wrongdoing and said some officials from his regime are seeking revenge against him for his decision to send French warplanes during the 2011 Libyan uprising.&nbsp;

Similarly, Claude Guéant who was the former president’s chief of staff and managing Sarkozy’s presidential campaign at the time, said he had “never seen a penny of Libyan financing,” as quoted by BBC, citing Franceinfo website. Along with Sarkozy, his then-head of campaign financing Eric Woerth and former minister Brice Hortefeux have also been accused by the PNF for their alleged involvement in the case.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/ex-french-president-nicolas-sarkozy-arrested-over-campaign-financing-36482">Ex-French president Nicolas Sarkozy 'arrested over campaign financing'</a>

The prosecutors have also sought charges including, “concealment of laundering public funds, passive corruption, illegal campaign financing and criminal conspiracy with a view to committing a crime punishable by 10 years in jail.”&nbsp;

In a 2018 interview, Sarkozy said, “There’s not even the smallest inkling of proof,” adding that these allegations had made his life a living hell. A French-Lebanese businessman Ziad Takieddine told French news website Mediapart that in 2006 and 2007, he handed over three suitcases stuffed with cash amounting to $6.2 million from Gaddafi to Sarkozy and Guéant.&nbsp;

<h2>Possible Russia investigation</h2>

In 2021, Sarkozy had also been placed under preliminary investigation for “influence peddling,” in Russia nearly seven years after he left office. According to reports, the former president came under scrutiny for advisory work he undertook for a Russian insurance company.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp; 
 
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Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy, on Wednesday (May 17) lost his appeal against a 2021 corruption sentence in a Paris court. However, instead of spending time in jail, the former president will serve his time at his home but will have to wear an electronic tag.

Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy, on Wednesday (May 17) lost his appeal against a 2021 corruption sentence in a Paris court. However, instead of spending time in jail, the former president will serve his time at his home but will have to wear an electronic tag. While Sarkozy is the first ex-president in post-war France to receive a custodial sentence for corruption, it is not the only legal battle he is currently embroiled in. Let’s take a look at the life, career and legal woes of the former French president. Who is Nicolas Sarkozy? The 68-year-old conservative leader who also served as the former interior minister has been plagued by corruption investigations since the end of his five-year term between 2007-2012 as the President of France. The critics dubbed Sarkozy's presidency as “bling-bling” as his leadership style has been described as brash, celebrity-driven and hyperactive for a role which is typically steeped in tradition and grandeur. This image was further solidified when he married his current wife, former supermodel and singer, Carla Bruni. ALSO WATCH | French court upholds 3-year sentence of former President Sarkozy The so-called “hyper-president” is also divorced twice and has one son from his second marriage and two sons from his first marriage. Sarkozy had also sought to become the president in 2016, however, the Republicans in France had instead nominated former Prime Minister François Fillon who lost against incumbent President Emmanuel Macron who took office in 2017. Sarkozy’s political ambitions have long been overshadowed by investigations since he left office in 2012. However, he has managed to retain considerable influence and popularity on the right of French politics. ‘Wiretapping affair’ In 2014, Sarkozy was first placed under official investigation for influence peddling after he had left office for which he was later convicted. In France, the case known as the “wiretapping affair” where his wiretapped phone calls showed that he discussed the idea of offering a high-ranking judge a cushy job in Monaco, in exchange for information about a financing investigation. ALSO READ | Former French president Nicholas Sarkozy loses corruption appeal, to wear tag as sentence upheld At the time, prosecutors alleged that Sarkozy’s lawyer, Thierry Herzog, tried to obtain information from Judge Gilbert Azibert, about a case which involved illicit payments from L’Oreal heiress Liliane Bettencourt for Sarkozy’s 2007 presidential election campaign. The case was later dismissed. However, it resurfaced in 2014 which led to a formal investigation against him. Two of Sarkozy’s phones were wiretapped by investigators a year prior who were looking into money flows from Libya and stumbled upon the secret line used by the former president and his lawyer, Herzog. Recently upheld verdict of the case In line with these allegations, Sarkozy was convicted in 2021 for corruption and influence peddling a ruling which he appealed and lost on Wednesday. However, his lawyers have since vowed to challenge it at France’s highest court, Cour de Cassation. The court reviews lower court rulings on the grounds of legal or procedural errors, but not factual aspects. ALSO READ | France's Sarkozy likely to avoid jail despite new conviction The appeals court in Paris upheld the three-year prison sentence and in line with the previous ruling said two of those years were suspended and that Sarkozy would wear an electronic bracelet for the remaining year. Meanwhile, the former French president’s lawyer maintained that he had committed no wrongdoing and described the ruling as “stupefying.” “We will not give up this fight,” said defence lawyer Jacqueline Laffont. This comes after a lower court found Sarkozy guilty of trying to bribe a judge after leaving office and peddling influence in exchange for confidential information. The presiding judge, Sophie Clement in Wednesday’s hearing also upheld convictions against Herzog and Azibert. According to Clement, Herzog’s judgement as a lawyer was clouded because of his friendship with Sarkozy. She also said that Herzog had breached professional codes of conduct by not warning the former president that what he was doing was illegal. ALSO READ | France's Sarkozy to face trial for corruption, influence peddling The judge also went on to dismiss Sarkozy’s claim that he was not aware of what Herzog and Azibert had discussed citing the wiretapped exchanges and also rejected the former president’s argument that wiretapped conversations cannot be presented as evidence. ‘Bygmalion affair’: Another campaign financing case Another case related to Sarkozy’s campaign finances came to be known as the so-called ‘Bygmalion affair’ for which he was also convicted in 2021 and was handed a one-year prison sentence. The case centred around the accusation that Sarkozy’s party, then known as the UMP, worked with a PR company Bygmalion, to hide the actual cost of his failed 2012 presidential election bid. As per French laws, candidates are only allowed to spend $24 million. However, Bygmalion provided a series of false invoices for more than $19 million to his party but not the campaign which, according to the prosecutors, effectively enabled Sarkozy’s party to spend over the limit. The former president was among 14 who were to witness a trial in relation to the case. Did Sarkozy take money from Gaddafi? Investigators who had wiretapped the ex-president’s phones were looking for evidence of money flows from Libya for which Sarkozy may soon face another trial. Earlier this month, prosecutors requested that Sarkozy should face trial over allegations that the Libyan government illegally contributed to his successful 2007 presidential bid. ALSO READ | Former France president Sarkozy charged over Libyan campaign financing France’s financial crimes prosecutor (PNF) has also called for a trial for 12 others after they allegedly sought millions of euros in financing from the regime of then-Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. The allegations were first made public by the late autocrat’s son. However, Sarkozy has denied any wrongdoing and said some officials from his regime are seeking revenge against him for his decision to send French warplanes during the 2011 Libyan uprising. Similarly, Claude Guéant who was the former president’s chief of staff and managing Sarkozy’s presidential campaign at the time, said he had “never seen a penny of Libyan financing,” as quoted by BBC, citing Franceinfo website. Along with Sarkozy, his then-head of campaign financing Eric Woerth and former minister Brice Hortefeux have also been accused by the PNF for their alleged involvement in the case. ALSO READ | Ex-French president Nicolas Sarkozy 'arrested over campaign financing' The prosecutors have also sought charges including, “concealment of laundering public funds, passive corruption, illegal campaign financing and criminal conspiracy with a view to committing a crime punishable by 10 years in jail.” In a 2018 interview, Sarkozy said, “There’s not even the smallest inkling of proof,” adding that these allegations had made his life a living hell. A French-Lebanese businessman Ziad Takieddine told French news website Mediapart that in 2006 and 2007, he handed over three suitcases stuffed with cash amounting to $6.2 million from Gaddafi to Sarkozy and Guéant. Possible Russia investigation In 2021, Sarkozy had also been placed under preliminary investigation for “influence peddling,” in Russia nearly seven years after he left office. According to reports, the former president came under scrutiny for advisory work he undertook for a Russian insurance company. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Explained | Former French President Nicolas Sarkozy and his many legal woes

A boat with around 400 migrants stuck in the middle of nowhere between Malta and Libya is slowly sinking. Alarm Phone, a website that helps refugees in need of rescue informed about the incident on Twitter saying it had received a call from the boat, late in the night.

A boat with around 400 migrants stuck in the middle of nowhere between Malta and Libya is slowly sinking. Alarm Phone, a website that helps refugees in need of rescue informed about the incident on Twitter saying it had received a call from the boat, late in the night. Alarm Phone said the boat had run out of fuel and migrants were using buckets to throw out the water. It added that the people on board were panicking after the captain left the ship while several required medical attention, including a pregnant woman. "A woman told us of serious conditions on board: the captain has left the ship and no one is able to get the boat going again; many people have medical care needs, including a child, a pregnant woman, and a person with a physical disability," read one of the tweets. Una donna ci ha riferito gravi condizioni a bordo: il capitano ha lasciato la nave e nessuno è in grado di rimettere in moto la barca; molte persone hanno necessità di cure mediche, tra cui un bambino, una donna incinta e una persona con disabilità fisica. #NonLasciateleAnnegare! — Alarm Phone (@alarm_phone) April 9, 2023 × ALSO WATCH | Italy Boat Tragedy: 63 bodies found, 36 still missing × As of the last update, the boat was in the Maltese Search and Rescue area (SAR) but it was unclear if the Maltese authorities were taking any action in launching a rescue operation. Another NGO named Sea-Watch International said it was carrying out searches for boats in distress in the Mediterranean Sea, including the one flagged by Alarm Phone. ALSO READ | At least 20 migrants missing after boat drowns off Tunisian coast, 17 rescued Previous instances Notably, this is not the first instance when North African migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean to enter Europe have faced such a situation. On Saturday, At least 20 migrants have gone missing off the coast of Tunisia, as they tried to cross the treacherous Mediterranean to Italy. Although the coast guard managed to rescue 17 others from the same boat off the southern city of Sfax, the others were still untraceable. Of the 17 saved, two are in critical condition, said Sfax court judge Faouzi Masmousdi. Earlier this week, 440 migrants were rescued from an overcrowded fishing boat in the international waters off Malta. The complex operation to rescue the migrants took over 11 hours. The migrants on board spent four days at sea without any assistance, the last two without any food or water after setting sail from eastern Libya. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Migrant boat with 400 on board slowly sinking between Libya and Malta

Libyan boxers nowadays fight and train in Tripoli. The sport was banned by former dictator Muammar Gaddafi from 1979 until his downfall in 2011. Since then, athletes have strived to revive boxing and boxers have shone in various competitions.

Sport recovers from Gaddafi-era knockout | World of Africa

A military general in Libya said on Thursday (March 16) that more than two tonnes of natural uranium reported missing by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have been found. General Khaled al-Mahjoub, commander of eastern strongman Khalifa Haftar's communications division, said the containers of uranium had been recovered "barely five kilometres (three miles)" from where they had been stored in southern Libya.

Earlier on Thursday, the IAEA reported that the uranium had gone missing from a Libyan site and "may present a radiological risk."

It said that "10 drums containing approximately 2.5 tons of natural uranium in the form of uranium ore concentrate... were not present." The United Nations energy watchdog said that the site from which the uranium went missing was not currently under the regulatory control of Libya's state authority.

Uranium ore concentrate is considered to emit low levels of radioactivity. IAEA in its report, had warned about radiological risk as well as nuclear safety concerns.

Libya, under its long-ruling former dictator Moamer Kadhafi, had a suspected nuclear weapons programme, which it scrapped in 2003.

But the North African country has been mired in crisis since Kadhafi's fall in 2011, with a myriad of militias forming opposing alliances backed by foreign powers.

It remains split between a nominally interim government in the capital Tripoli in the west, and another in the east backed by military strongman Khalifa Haftar.

(With inputs from agencies)

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A military general in Libya said on Thursday (March 16) that more than two tonnes of natural uranium reported missing by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have been found.

A military general in Libya said on Thursday (March 16) that more than two tonnes of natural uranium reported missing by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have been found. General Khaled al-Mahjoub, commander of eastern strongman Khalifa Haftar's communications division, said the containers of uranium had been recovered "barely five kilometres (three miles)" from where they had been stored in southern Libya. Earlier on Thursday, the IAEA reported that the uranium had gone missing from a Libyan site and "may present a radiological risk." It said that "10 drums containing approximately 2.5 tons of natural uranium in the form of uranium ore concentrate... were not present." The United Nations energy watchdog said that the site from which the uranium went missing was not currently under the regulatory control of Libya's state authority. Uranium ore concentrate is considered to emit low levels of radioactivity. IAEA in its report, had warned about radiological risk as well as nuclear safety concerns. Libya, under its long-ruling former dictator Moamer Kadhafi, had a suspected nuclear weapons programme, which it scrapped in 2003. But the North African country has been mired in crisis since Kadhafi's fall in 2011, with a myriad of militias forming opposing alliances backed by foreign powers. It remains split between a nominally interim government in the capital Tripoli in the west, and another in the east backed by military strongman Khalifa Haftar. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Uranium declared missing by IAEA found in south Libya: Military

The international atomic watchdog says, roughly 2.5 tons of natural Uranium is missing from a Libyan site that is not under the government's control. Inspectors from the UN Nuclear watchdog found that 10 drums, with 2.5 tons of natural uranium which was previously disclosed, is missing. The IAEA has said that this is a nuclear security issue.

Previously disclosed Uranium now missing in Libya | World News | WION

Italy and Libya on Saturday (January 28) signed a gas deal worth $8 billion- the largest single investment in Libya's energy sector in more than 20 years. The deal was signed as Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni is in the North African country to talk on energy as well as the issue of migration. A report by the news agency Associated Press on Saturday said the deal was signed by Claudio Descalzi, the chief executive officer (CEO) of Italy’s state-run energy company, ENI, and Libya’s National Oil Corporation's (NOC) chairman Farhat Bengdara, to develop two Libyan offshore gas fields.

The agreement involves developing the two offshore fields in Block NC-41, north of Libya. According to a statement, ENI said it would start pumping gas in 2026 and is estimated to reach 750 million cubic feet per day. Prime Minister Meloni, who was present during the signing of the deal, called the agreement “significant and historic.” Meloni said the deal would help Europe secure energy sources, adding "Libya is clearly for us a strategic economic partner."&nbsp;

ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/eu-unveils-safety-ceiling-on-natural-gas-to-grapple-with-high-energy-prices-536568">EU unveils 'safety ceiling' on natural gas to grapple with high energy prices</a>

The signing of this agreement has been criticised by the Libyan government. Oil minister Mohamed Aoun, who was not part of Saturday's meeting, told a local TV channel that the deal was illegal and the NOC did not consult his ministry, the report said. Speaking to reporters, NOC chairman Farhat Bengdara did not speak about the oil minister's criticism but said that those who reject the deal could challenge it in court.&nbsp;

Italy's ENI has been operating in Libya despite the ongoing security issues, &nbsp;producing gas mostly for the domestic market. In 2022, Libya delivered 2.63 billion cubic meters to Italy through the Greenstream pipeline- which was well below the annual levels of 8 billion cubic meters before the country's decline in 2011. Saturday's gas deal will likely deepen the rift between Libyan administrations in the east and west, the Associated Press report also said.&nbsp;

Libya is the second North African country that Italian PM Giorgia Meloni visited this week. She is seeking to secure new supplies of natural gas to replace Russian energy amid the ongoing war in Ukraine. Earlier, she had visted Algeria- which is Italy's main supplier of natural gas.&nbsp;

On Saturday, Meloni met with Abdel Hamid Dbeibah, who heads one of Libya’s rival administrations, and was also to hold talks with Mohamed Younis Menfi, who chairs Libya’s ceremonial presidential council.

On the issue of migrantion, Dbeibah, while addressing a joint press conference with Meloni, said that the Italian government would provide five “fully equipped” boats to Libya’s coast guard to help stem the flow of migrants to the European shores. 
&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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Italy and Libya on Saturday (January 28) signed a gas deal worth $8 billion- the largest single investment in Libya's energy sector in more than 20 years. The deal was signed as Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni is in the North African country to talk on energy as well as the issue of migration.

Italy and Libya on Saturday (January 28) signed a gas deal worth $8 billion- the largest single investment in Libya's energy sector in more than 20 years. The deal was signed as Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni is in the North African country to talk on energy as well as the issue of migration. A report by the news agency Associated Press on Saturday said the deal was signed by Claudio Descalzi, the chief executive officer (CEO) of Italy’s state-run energy company, ENI, and Libya’s National Oil Corporation's (NOC) chairman Farhat Bengdara, to develop two Libyan offshore gas fields. The agreement involves developing the two offshore fields in Block NC-41, north of Libya. According to a statement, ENI said it would start pumping gas in 2026 and is estimated to reach 750 million cubic feet per day. Prime Minister Meloni, who was present during the signing of the deal, called the agreement “significant and historic.” Meloni said the deal would help Europe secure energy sources, adding "Libya is clearly for us a strategic economic partner." ALSO READ | EU unveils 'safety ceiling' on natural gas to grapple with high energy prices The signing of this agreement has been criticised by the Libyan government. Oil minister Mohamed Aoun, who was not part of Saturday's meeting, told a local TV channel that the deal was illegal and the NOC did not consult his ministry, the report said. Speaking to reporters, NOC chairman Farhat Bengdara did not speak about the oil minister's criticism but said that those who reject the deal could challenge it in court. Italy's ENI has been operating in Libya despite the ongoing security issues, producing gas mostly for the domestic market. In 2022, Libya delivered 2.63 billion cubic meters to Italy through the Greenstream pipeline- which was well below the annual levels of 8 billion cubic meters before the country's decline in 2011. Saturday's gas deal will likely deepen the rift between Libyan administrations in the east and west, the Associated Press report also said. Libya is the second North African country that Italian PM Giorgia Meloni visited this week. She is seeking to secure new supplies of natural gas to replace Russian energy amid the ongoing war in Ukraine. Earlier, she had visted Algeria- which is Italy's main supplier of natural gas. On Saturday, Meloni met with Abdel Hamid Dbeibah, who heads one of Libya’s rival administrations, and was also to hold talks with Mohamed Younis Menfi, who chairs Libya’s ceremonial presidential council. On the issue of migrantion, Dbeibah, while addressing a joint press conference with Meloni, said that the Italian government would provide five “fully equipped” boats to Libya’s coast guard to help stem the flow of migrants to the European shores. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Italy, Libya sign gas deal worth $8 billion; Meloni calls agreement 'significant and historic'

Authorities in Libya said on Sunday (January 1) that they found a mass grave with 18 bodies in the Sabaa area of Sirte city- which is a former stronghold of the Islamic State (IS). Issuing a statement, the Missing Persons Authority said the bodies were unearthed and sent to a local hospital, the Associated Press reported.&nbsp;

The authority said it has collected samples of the dead bones to identify the bodies. Details regarding the cause of death of these 18 people were not given, the report said.

In October last year, officials said they found 42 bodies in a mass grave at a school site in Sirte. And in December 2018, bodies of over 30 men were discovered near the city, believed to be the corpses of an Ethiopian Christian group that IS terrorists executed.&nbsp;

ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/eastern-libyan-commander-announces-final-opportunity-to-draw-a-road-map-for-elections-546383">Eastern Libyan commander announces 'final opportunity' to draw a road map for elections</a>

Sirte was the birthplace of Libya's former dictator Muammar Gaddafi. The city was under the control of the Islamic State from 2015 to 2016. The IS terrorists were driven out of the city in December 2016 by Libya's forces supported by the United States and allied with the United Nations back government in Tripoli.&nbsp;

Since Gaddafi's overthrow and killing, the country of Libya has been split between rival authorities. Sirte is currently controlled by forces that are loyal to military leader Khalifa Hifter.&nbsp;

At present, hundreds of alleged former IS terrorists are in prisons across Libya, with many awaiting trial.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Authorities in Libya said on Sunday (January 1) that they found a mass grave with 18 bodies in the Sabaa area of Sirte city- which is a former stronghold of the Islamic State (IS).

Authorities in Libya said on Sunday (January 1) that they found a mass grave with 18 bodies in the Sabaa area of Sirte city- which is a former stronghold of the Islamic State (IS). Issuing a statement, the Missing Persons Authority said the bodies were unearthed and sent to a local hospital, the Associated Press reported. The authority said it has collected samples of the dead bones to identify the bodies. Details regarding the cause of death of these 18 people were not given, the report said. In October last year, officials said they found 42 bodies in a mass grave at a school site in Sirte. And in December 2018, bodies of over 30 men were discovered near the city, believed to be the corpses of an Ethiopian Christian group that IS terrorists executed. ALSO READ | Eastern Libyan commander announces 'final opportunity' to draw a road map for elections Sirte was the birthplace of Libya's former dictator Muammar Gaddafi. The city was under the control of the Islamic State from 2015 to 2016. The IS terrorists were driven out of the city in December 2016 by Libya's forces supported by the United States and allied with the United Nations back government in Tripoli. Since Gaddafi's overthrow and killing, the country of Libya has been split between rival authorities. Sirte is currently controlled by forces that are loyal to military leader Khalifa Hifter. At present, hundreds of alleged former IS terrorists are in prisons across Libya, with many awaiting trial. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Libya: 18 bodies exhumed from mass grave in former Islamic State stronghold

The Libyan National Army of eastern commander Khalifa Haftar on Saturday made the announcement of “a final opportunity” to create a road map for conducting elections, a year after rival factions had given a nod to conducting the elections, Libyan al-Hadath TV reported.

A lot of Libyans believe that the country's political leaders are not willing to resolve the endless political deadlock because conducting elections can remove them all from power.

"The General Command (of LNA) announces a final opportunity through which it will draw a road map and hold elections," Haftar said, as quoted by the TV channel.

ALSO READ| <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/lockerbie-bombing-suspect-appears-in-court-prosecution-seeks-life-in-prison-542505">Lockerbie bombing suspect appears in court, prosecution seeks life in prison</a>

Haftar was addressing Libyans in Benghazi's second-largest city, which is home to his forces on the independence's 71st anniversary.

After the ceasefire in 2020, the rival western and eastern sides decided to conduct elections on December 24, 2021, and a new unity government was installed with the aim of reunifying divided national institutions. However, the process did not work.

Since the NATO-backed 2011 uprising in which Muammar Gaddafi was ousted and which led to the divide between warring western and eastern factions in 2014, Libya has seen little peace in the country.

WATCH| Gravitas | Libya Presidential Election: A farce?

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After 2014, Haftar waged war against the west factions, which included a 14-month offensive for capturing Tripoli, which the internationally recognised government had repelled.&nbsp;

UN special envoy to Libya Abdoulaye Bathily, in a statement, had asked Libyan leaders "to agree on a solution based on a national compromise and avoid escalatory action that would threaten Libya’s already fragile stability and unity".

(With inputs from agencies)

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The Libyan National Army of eastern commander Khalifa Haftar on Saturday made the announcement of “a final opportunity” to create a road map for conducting elections, a year after rival factions had given a nod to conducting the elections, Libyan al-Hadath TV reported.

The Libyan National Army of eastern commander Khalifa Haftar on Saturday made the announcement of “a final opportunity” to create a road map for conducting elections, a year after rival factions had given a nod to conducting the elections, Libyan al-Hadath TV reported. A lot of Libyans believe that the country's political leaders are not willing to resolve the endless political deadlock because conducting elections can remove them all from power. "The General Command (of LNA) announces a final opportunity through which it will draw a road map and hold elections," Haftar said, as quoted by the TV channel. ALSO READ| Lockerbie bombing suspect appears in court, prosecution seeks life in prison Haftar was addressing Libyans in Benghazi's second-largest city, which is home to his forces on the independence's 71st anniversary. After the ceasefire in 2020, the rival western and eastern sides decided to conduct elections on December 24, 2021, and a new unity government was installed with the aim of reunifying divided national institutions. However, the process did not work. Since the NATO-backed 2011 uprising in which Muammar Gaddafi was ousted and which led to the divide between warring western and eastern factions in 2014, Libya has seen little peace in the country. WATCH| Gravitas | Libya Presidential Election: A farce? After 2014, Haftar waged war against the west factions, which included a 14-month offensive for capturing Tripoli, which the internationally recognised government had repelled. UN special envoy to Libya Abdoulaye Bathily, in a statement, had asked Libyan leaders "to agree on a solution based on a national compromise and avoid escalatory action that would threaten Libya’s already fragile stability and unity". (With inputs from agencies)

Eastern Libyan commander announces 'final opportunity' to draw a road map for elections

Officials in the United States, on Sunday, announced that they have detained a suspected third conspirator for allegedly making the bomb which blew up the Pan Am flight 103 and killed 270 people over Scotland’s Lockerbie in 1988. The arrested has once again brought the over-three-decade-old terrorist attack into the spotlight as the officials continue to pursue those responsible for the attack.&nbsp; 
 
How did the Lockerbie attack happen?

On December 21, 1988, a bomb which was planted on Pam Am Flight 103 which was a Boeing 747 exploded less than an hour after the flight took off which destroyed the plane carrying passengers from nearly 21 countries. The plane departed from London’s Heathrow airport and was headed to New York.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/lockerbie-bombing-us-confirms-that-alleged-bombmaker-is-in-custody-542104">1988 Lockerbie plane bombing: US confirms that alleged bombmaker is in custody</a>

The attack killed 259 people in the air and 11 on the ground and remains the deadliest terror attack on British soil, to date. Subsequently, the terrorists were connected to Libya, whose government had engaged in several hostilities with the United States and other Western countries, at the time.&nbsp;

What happened next?

Investigation into the attack has been going on for decades but it was not until at least three years after the incident that two Libyans were charged by US and British officials. On November 13, 1991, Abdelbaset al-Megrahi (48) and Al Amin Khalifa Fhimah (44) were charged with 270 counts of murder, conspiracy to murder and violating Britain's 1982 Aviation Security Act. The duo was also accused of being Libyan intelligence agents.

However, at the time, the country’s leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi refused to turn them over, leading to long negotiations which concluded in 1999 after the US and Britain proposed to try the suspects in the Netherlands under Scottish law. The trial began in May 2000, before a court at Camp Zeist in the Netherlands, where the two accused had pleaded not guilty to murder.&nbsp;&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/in-relief-to-family-scottish-body-refers-lockerbie-bombing-case-for-appeal-285685">In relief to family, Scottish body refers Lockerbie bombing case for appeal</a>

On January 31, 2001, Megrahi was found guilty of murder after the historic trial. The judge had recommended a minimum of two decades in jail, given the “horrendous nature of this crime”, and was later sentenced to life. However, the co-accused, &nbsp;Fhimah, was not found guilty and was free to return home. A year later, Megrahi, had appealed against the conviction which was later rejected.&nbsp; 
 
Furthermore, in 2003, his sentence was increased&nbsp;to life in prison&nbsp;after a Scottish law was changed and he was ordered to appear before&nbsp;the courts so that his punishment period could be set. Subsequently, the accused was granted a second appeal against the conviction. Five years later, Megrahi's lawyer reveals that the former Libyan intelligence agent has been diagnosed with “advanced stage” prostate cancer.&nbsp;

In July 2009, Megrahi asked the court to be released on humanitarian grounds due to his illness. The next month the Scottish court let him go and he returned home to Libya aboard a jet belonging to Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. Justice Secretary Kenny MacAskill, who let the Lockerbie bomber go was questioned in the Scottish Parliament about his decision where he asserted that he stands by his decision and will live with the consequences.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/theres-a-long-road-to-peace-in-libya-276183">There's a long road to peace in Libya</a>

In 2011, Megrahi died at his home in Tripoli, aged 60. Meanwhile, the families of those killed filed a lawsuit against the Libyan government demanding that they be held accountable and in 2003 the regime formally accepted the responsibility for the bombing and renounced terrorism. Additionally, they also paid $2.7 billion in compensation to the families following negotiations in London.&nbsp;

In 2014, Scotland's top prosecutor, Lord Advocate Frank Mulholland pledged that he will continue to track down Megrahi's accomplices. However, until Gaddafi’s ouster, the investigation and pursuit of others responsible for the bombing largely stalled.&nbsp; 
 
What led to Mas’ud’s arrest?

The Libyan man accused of making the bomb that killed 270 people, Abu Agila Mohammad Mas'ud Kheir Al-Marimi, is now in custody two years after the former US Attorney General Bill Barr first announced the charges filed against him. The alleged former senior Libyan intelligence official was in Libyan custody and was charged by the US with two criminal counts related to the bombing.&nbsp;

Even though he will be the third Libyan official charged by the US he will be the first one to be tried in an American court. The court documents in the US described Mas'ud as an expert bombmaker who joined Libya's External Security Organization intelligence service in the 1970s. The accused was working approximately from 1973 to 2011 for the country’s intelligence service and was taken into custody by Libyan law enforcement after Gaddafi’s ouster.

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/1988-lockerbie-bombing-libyan-man-suspected-of-making-bomb-in-us-custody-542136">1988 Lockerbie bombing: Libyan man suspected of making bomb in US custody</a>

According to the US justice department, he had worked for Libyan intelligence in various capacities and was also allegedly involved in the bombing of the LaBelle Discotheque, Germany, in 1986 which killed two US service members. The breakthrough in the case was marked by the US officials receiving a copy of Mas’ud’s interview conducted, on September 12, 2012, by the Libyan authorities soon after his arrest.&nbsp;

During the interview, the accused admitted that he had built the bomb used in the Pan Am attack and also to working with the aforementioned duo who planted the bomb. According to the FBI affidavit, the accused said that the attack was ordered by Libyan intelligence and that country’s leader Ghadafi had, “thanked him and other members of the team for their successful attack on the United States.” &nbsp;

The arrest, which was first reported by BBC, has reportedly prompted infighting among Libyan politicians which include the parliament on the east side of the country and the Government of National Unity in Tripoli. The former has accused the Libyan Prime Minister Abdulhamd al-Dbeibah of taking Washington’s side due to the lack of an extradition treaty.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/libya-clashes-death-toll-rises-to-32-159-wounded-so-far-510981">Libya clashes: Death toll rises to 32, 159 wounded so far</a>

However, there is no clarity on how the accused was taken into custody by the US but reportedly he was flown in from the Libyan city of Misrata. A Justice Department spokesperson, told Reuters, that the US has custody of the accused and that he is expected to make an initial court appearance in a federal court in Washington, the details of which trial will be released soon.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

Officials in the United States, on Sunday, announced that they have detained a suspected third conspirator for allegedly making the bomb which blew up the Pan Am flight 103 and killed 270 people over Scotland’s Lockerbie in 1988.

Officials in the United States, on Sunday, announced that they have detained a suspected third conspirator for allegedly making the bomb which blew up the Pan Am flight 103 and killed 270 people over Scotland’s Lockerbie in 1988. The arrested has once again brought the over-three-decade-old terrorist attack into the spotlight as the officials continue to pursue those responsible for the attack. How did the Lockerbie attack happen? On December 21, 1988, a bomb which was planted on Pam Am Flight 103 which was a Boeing 747 exploded less than an hour after the flight took off which destroyed the plane carrying passengers from nearly 21 countries. The plane departed from London’s Heathrow airport and was headed to New York. ALSO READ | 1988 Lockerbie plane bombing: US confirms that alleged bombmaker is in custody The attack killed 259 people in the air and 11 on the ground and remains the deadliest terror attack on British soil, to date. Subsequently, the terrorists were connected to Libya, whose government had engaged in several hostilities with the United States and other Western countries, at the time. What happened next? Investigation into the attack has been going on for decades but it was not until at least three years after the incident that two Libyans were charged by US and British officials. On November 13, 1991, Abdelbaset al-Megrahi (48) and Al Amin Khalifa Fhimah (44) were charged with 270 counts of murder, conspiracy to murder and violating Britain's 1982 Aviation Security Act. The duo was also accused of being Libyan intelligence agents. However, at the time, the country’s leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi refused to turn them over, leading to long negotiations which concluded in 1999 after the US and Britain proposed to try the suspects in the Netherlands under Scottish law. The trial began in May 2000, before a court at Camp Zeist in the Netherlands, where the two accused had pleaded not guilty to murder. ALSO READ | In relief to family, Scottish body refers Lockerbie bombing case for appeal On January 31, 2001, Megrahi was found guilty of murder after the historic trial. The judge had recommended a minimum of two decades in jail, given the “horrendous nature of this crime”, and was later sentenced to life. However, the co-accused, Fhimah, was not found guilty and was free to return home. A year later, Megrahi, had appealed against the conviction which was later rejected. Furthermore, in 2003, his sentence was increased to life in prison after a Scottish law was changed and he was ordered to appear before the courts so that his punishment period could be set. Subsequently, the accused was granted a second appeal against the conviction. Five years later, Megrahi's lawyer reveals that the former Libyan intelligence agent has been diagnosed with “advanced stage” prostate cancer. In July 2009, Megrahi asked the court to be released on humanitarian grounds due to his illness. The next month the Scottish court let him go and he returned home to Libya aboard a jet belonging to Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. Justice Secretary Kenny MacAskill, who let the Lockerbie bomber go was questioned in the Scottish Parliament about his decision where he asserted that he stands by his decision and will live with the consequences. ALSO READ | There's a long road to peace in Libya In 2011, Megrahi died at his home in Tripoli, aged 60. Meanwhile, the families of those killed filed a lawsuit against the Libyan government demanding that they be held accountable and in 2003 the regime formally accepted the responsibility for the bombing and renounced terrorism. Additionally, they also paid $2.7 billion in compensation to the families following negotiations in London. In 2014, Scotland's top prosecutor, Lord Advocate Frank Mulholland pledged that he will continue to track down Megrahi's accomplices. However, until Gaddafi’s ouster, the investigation and pursuit of others responsible for the bombing largely stalled. What led to Mas’ud’s arrest? The Libyan man accused of making the bomb that killed 270 people, Abu Agila Mohammad Mas'ud Kheir Al-Marimi, is now in custody two years after the former US Attorney General Bill Barr first announced the charges filed against him. The alleged former senior Libyan intelligence official was in Libyan custody and was charged by the US with two criminal counts related to the bombing. Even though he will be the third Libyan official charged by the US he will be the first one to be tried in an American court. The court documents in the US described Mas'ud as an expert bombmaker who joined Libya's External Security Organization intelligence service in the 1970s. The accused was working approximately from 1973 to 2011 for the country’s intelligence service and was taken into custody by Libyan law enforcement after Gaddafi’s ouster. ALSO WATCH | 1988 Lockerbie bombing: Libyan man suspected of making bomb in US custody According to the US justice department, he had worked for Libyan intelligence in various capacities and was also allegedly involved in the bombing of the LaBelle Discotheque, Germany, in 1986 which killed two US service members. The breakthrough in the case was marked by the US officials receiving a copy of Mas’ud’s interview conducted, on September 12, 2012, by the Libyan authorities soon after his arrest. During the interview, the accused admitted that he had built the bomb used in the Pan Am attack and also to working with the aforementioned duo who planted the bomb. According to the FBI affidavit, the accused said that the attack was ordered by Libyan intelligence and that country’s leader Ghadafi had, “thanked him and other members of the team for their successful attack on the United States.” The arrest, which was first reported by BBC, has reportedly prompted infighting among Libyan politicians which include the parliament on the east side of the country and the Government of National Unity in Tripoli. The former has accused the Libyan Prime Minister Abdulhamd al-Dbeibah of taking Washington’s side due to the lack of an extradition treaty. ALSO READ | Libya clashes: Death toll rises to 32, 159 wounded so far However, there is no clarity on how the accused was taken into custody by the US but reportedly he was flown in from the Libyan city of Misrata. A Justice Department spokesperson, told Reuters, that the US has custody of the accused and that he is expected to make an initial court appearance in a federal court in Washington, the details of which trial will be released soon. (With inputs from agencies)

1988 Lockerbie plane bombing: What happened and what we know so far

As tens of thousands of refugees shiver in the cold on Turkey’s borders with Europe and a new phase of the brutal Syrian war erupts - Russia, Turkey, the European Union (EU) and the international community are being presented with the bill for a flawed, short-term approach to the nine-year-old conflict that largely lacked empathy for millions of victims and was likely to magnify rather than resolve problems.

The failure of Western policymakers to adopt an approach that would have served Europe’s longer-term security interests and sought to end Syria’s suffering in ways that may have held out the promise of a sustainable resolution of the conflict is compounded by the failure to exploit what was always a fragile alliance between Russia and NATO-member Turkey.

With that alliance under strain, both in Syria, where Russia has warned that it cannot guarantee the safety of Turkish aircraft in Syrian airspace, and in Libya, where the two allies support opposing sides, multiple regional conflicts have begun to mesh.

Some analysts have suggested that Russia was seeking to enlist the support of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in Syria so that it could dump Turkey with which it is on the brink of military blows. The two Gulf states oppose Turkish ambitions in the Middle East and beyond.

The analysts point to recent contacts between Emirati, Russian and Syrian officials and the establishment of relations between Syria and Libya’s UAE and Russian-backed rebel force led by renegade commander Khalifa Haftar.

The various manoeuvres constitute variations on a theme.

The international community, including Russia, did little in the early years of the war to stop militant groups and regional powers from contributing to the violence by exploiting Syria’s power vacuum to their immediate advantage. That changed selectively when the Islamic State gained a territorial foothold in Syria and Iraq.

Similarly, much of the international community falsely assumed that a Syrian victory in Idlib, Syria’s last rebel stronghold, would create a fait accompli that Turkey would accept and that would pave the way to an end to the war and reconstruction.

Like in much of the Middle East where a failure to put one’s ears to the ground and hear the widespread discontent simmering at the surface that produced a decade of revolution and brutal counterrevolution, neither Russia nor its detractors read the writing on Syria’s walls.

If militants and external powers turned what started in 2011 as peaceful protests demanding reform rather than the overthrow of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, the international community failed to recognise that nine years later criticism of the regime is widespread among an impoverished population traumatised by war.

Rather than creating an environment for reconciliation and reconstruction, Russian-supported Syrian military successes in retaking territory from rebels by force or in negotiated handovers have not been accompanied by a relieving of economic and social hardship, sparking intermittent anti-government protests and stepped up repression.

Much of the criticism focuses on the government’s failure to improve economic and living conditions, but like in the early days of the popular revolt, shies away from calls for regime change.

The improbability of a Russian-Syrian military victory putting Syria on a road towards peaceful resolution and recovery is highlighted by the fact that snap polling suggests that less than ten per cent of the millions of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons would be willing to return to or remain in a country that continues to be ruled by Al-Assad and his regime.

As a result, Russia and Al-Assad appear to have adopted the kind of scorched earth policy that Israel’s military rejected in the late 1980s during the first Palestinian intifada or uprising.

In contrast to the military that told then Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin that the resolution needed to be political because the cost of a military solution would be too high, Russia and Al-Assad have concluded that no cost is too high. It is an approach that emulates Russia’s brutal crushing of rebellions in Chechnya in the 1990s.

“Russia realised that it cannot cement its military victories into permanent political gains through diplomacy within the projected remaining lifetime of the regime. Instead, it decided to employ the ‘Grozny doctrine’ of complete annihilation of all those who stand in the way of its strategic goals and bring the conflict to an end before the regime collapses,” said Syrian activist Labib al-Nahhas De La Ossa, referring to the Chechen capital that was virtually destroyed by Russian forces.

It's an approach that in violation of international law takes no heed of the consequences for innocent millions in Idlib or the fact that many, rather than supporting Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), an erstwhile Al-Qaeda affiliate that controls part of the province, have repeatedly protested against it.

It's also an approach that potentially could spark a renewed refugee crisis in Europe with Turkey, already home to some four million refugees, no longer stopping fleeing Syrians and others from trying to cross its Greek and Bulgarian borders with the European Union.

Russia, in a cynical twist of irony, would likely be happy to see a repeat of the 2015 refugee crisis that fuelled support for far-right, anti-immigration and nativist forces in Europe who are empathetic to Moscow’s effort to weaken the trans-Atlantic alliance as well as the European Union with its adherence to Western values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law.

Even with that being the case, Russian policy towards Idlib and the rest of Syria is likely to only produce problematic outcomes: ensuring total victory for Al-Assad risks a break-up with Turkey, a key regional player, and forecloses chances for a sustainable resolution of the Syrian conflict that would allow for the voluntary return of refugees and displaced persons.

Continued Russian and Iranian-backed support for Al-Assad’s brutal regime will at best temporarily stabilise Syria and potentially open the door to a forced return of some refugees and displaced persons while setting the stage for another round of conflict.

An equally unsustainable alternative scenario, envisioned by De La Ossa, would involve a Russian-Turkish agreement to cram three million refugees into a tiny slice of Idlib in what would amount to sub-human conditions.

Said De La Ossa: “The humanitarian catastrophe that is Idlib has shown that the lessons from the beginning of World War II still apply: Appeasing dictators who are willing to kill massive numbers of people to realise their delusions of grandeur never works. But if the US, Europe, and the international community at large fail to heed these lessons, it will not only be Syrians who pay the price. “ 
 
(Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL)&nbsp;

As tens of thousands of refugees shiver in the cold on Turkey’s borders with Europe and a new phase of the brutal Syrian war erupts - Russia, Turkey, the European Union (EU) and the international community are being presented with the bill for a flawed, short-term approach to the nine-year-old conflict that largely lacked empathy for millions of victims and was likely to magnify rather than resolve problems.

As tens of thousands of refugees shiver in the cold on Turkey’s borders with Europe and a new phase of the brutal Syrian war erupts - Russia, Turkey, the European Union (EU) and the international community are being presented with the bill for a flawed, short-term approach to the nine-year-old conflict that largely lacked empathy for millions of victims and was likely to magnify rather than resolve problems. The failure of Western policymakers to adopt an approach that would have served Europe’s longer-term security interests and sought to end Syria’s suffering in ways that may have held out the promise of a sustainable resolution of the conflict is compounded by the failure to exploit what was always a fragile alliance between Russia and NATO-member Turkey. With that alliance under strain, both in Syria, where Russia has warned that it cannot guarantee the safety of Turkish aircraft in Syrian airspace, and in Libya, where the two allies support opposing sides, multiple regional conflicts have begun to mesh. Some analysts have suggested that Russia was seeking to enlist the support of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in Syria so that it could dump Turkey with which it is on the brink of military blows. The two Gulf states oppose Turkish ambitions in the Middle East and beyond. The analysts point to recent contacts between Emirati, Russian and Syrian officials and the establishment of relations between Syria and Libya’s UAE and Russian-backed rebel force led by renegade commander Khalifa Haftar. The various manoeuvres constitute variations on a theme. The international community, including Russia, did little in the early years of the war to stop militant groups and regional powers from contributing to the violence by exploiting Syria’s power vacuum to their immediate advantage. That changed selectively when the Islamic State gained a territorial foothold in Syria and Iraq. Similarly, much of the international community falsely assumed that a Syrian victory in Idlib, Syria’s last rebel stronghold, would create a fait accompli that Turkey would accept and that would pave the way to an end to the war and reconstruction. Like in much of the Middle East where a failure to put one’s ears to the ground and hear the widespread discontent simmering at the surface that produced a decade of revolution and brutal counterrevolution, neither Russia nor its detractors read the writing on Syria’s walls. If militants and external powers turned what started in 2011 as peaceful protests demanding reform rather than the overthrow of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, the international community failed to recognise that nine years later criticism of the regime is widespread among an impoverished population traumatised by war. Rather than creating an environment for reconciliation and reconstruction, Russian-supported Syrian military successes in retaking territory from rebels by force or in negotiated handovers have not been accompanied by a relieving of economic and social hardship, sparking intermittent anti-government protests and stepped up repression. Much of the criticism focuses on the government’s failure to improve economic and living conditions, but like in the early days of the popular revolt, shies away from calls for regime change. The improbability of a Russian-Syrian military victory putting Syria on a road towards peaceful resolution and recovery is highlighted by the fact that snap polling suggests that less than ten per cent of the millions of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons would be willing to return to or remain in a country that continues to be ruled by Al-Assad and his regime. As a result, Russia and Al-Assad appear to have adopted the kind of scorched earth policy that Israel’s military rejected in the late 1980s during the first Palestinian intifada or uprising. In contrast to the military that told then Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin that the resolution needed to be political because the cost of a military solution would be too high, Russia and Al-Assad have concluded that no cost is too high. It is an approach that emulates Russia’s brutal crushing of rebellions in Chechnya in the 1990s. “Russia realised that it cannot cement its military victories into permanent political gains through diplomacy within the projected remaining lifetime of the regime. Instead, it decided to employ the ‘Grozny doctrine’ of complete annihilation of all those who stand in the way of its strategic goals and bring the conflict to an end before the regime collapses,” said Syrian activist Labib al-Nahhas De La Ossa, referring to the Chechen capital that was virtually destroyed by Russian forces. It's an approach that in violation of international law takes no heed of the consequences for innocent millions in Idlib or the fact that many, rather than supporting Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), an erstwhile Al-Qaeda affiliate that controls part of the province, have repeatedly protested against it. It's also an approach that potentially could spark a renewed refugee crisis in Europe with Turkey, already home to some four million refugees, no longer stopping fleeing Syrians and others from trying to cross its Greek and Bulgarian borders with the European Union. Russia, in a cynical twist of irony, would likely be happy to see a repeat of the 2015 refugee crisis that fuelled support for far-right, anti-immigration and nativist forces in Europe who are empathetic to Moscow’s effort to weaken the trans-Atlantic alliance as well as the European Union with its adherence to Western values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Even with that being the case, Russian policy towards Idlib and the rest of Syria is likely to only produce problematic outcomes: ensuring total victory for Al-Assad risks a break-up with Turkey, a key regional player, and forecloses chances for a sustainable resolution of the Syrian conflict that would allow for the voluntary return of refugees and displaced persons. Continued Russian and Iranian-backed support for Al-Assad’s brutal regime will at best temporarily stabilise Syria and potentially open the door to a forced return of some refugees and displaced persons while setting the stage for another round of conflict. An equally unsustainable alternative scenario, envisioned by De La Ossa, would involve a Russian-Turkish agreement to cram three million refugees into a tiny slice of Idlib in what would amount to sub-human conditions. Said De La Ossa: “The humanitarian catastrophe that is Idlib has shown that the lessons from the beginning of World War II still apply: Appeasing dictators who are willing to kill massive numbers of people to realise their delusions of grandeur never works. But if the US, Europe, and the international community at large fail to heed these lessons, it will not only be Syrians who pay the price. “ (Disclaimer: The opinions expressed above are the personal views of the author and do not reflect the views of ZMCL)

War threatens to spill beyond Syria’s borders

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