The demolition of the Chinese monument at the Mirador del Puente de Las Américas, a scenic overlook near Panama’s iconic Bridge of the Americas, has ignited a diplomatic firestorm. The monument, an Eastern-style arch and obelisk, stood as a tribute to the significant contributions of Chinese immigrants to Panama’s history, particularly their labour in building the Panama Canal and the Twin Ocean Railway in the 19th century. Offering stunning views of the canal and bridge, the site held cultural resonance for Panama’s Chinese community, established for generations. Arraiján Mayor Stefany Peñalba justified the demolition, announced on December 28, 2025, via a social media post, as a “preventive and technical” decision to enhance the site for tourism. “We assume responsibility for the actions taken at the Mirador del Puente de Las Américas… This was an autonomous decision that does not intend to offend or negate the cultural legacy of the Chinese community in Panama,” she stated, promising a renovated park. However, the nighttime demolition has been widely criticised, with the Chinese community alleging they were denied a chance to repair or relocate it. The decision has drawn sharp rebukes from Beijing. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian condemned the act, stating, “China deplores the forced demolition by relevant local authorities in Panama, and has protested… The monument stood as a witness and memorial to the time-honoured friendship between China and Panama, and to the tremendous contribution of Chinese workers who travelled across the oceans… some even paying the ultimate price during the construction.”&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/after-khaleda-zia-s-death-taslima-nasreen-asks-will-my-exile-end-seikh-hasina-freedom-of-expression-in-bangladesh-lajja-khaleda-zia-1767112351500">After Khaleda Zia’s death, Taslima Nasreen asks: ‘Will my exile end?’</a>&nbsp;The move impacts the Panama-China relations, with political undertones as US President Trump tries to stake a claim to the Panama Canal. Panamanian President José Raúl Mulino has reacted to the development in a strong way. In a Facebook post, he said, "There is no justification whatsoever for the barbarity committed by the mayor of Arraiján in demolishing the monument to the Chinese Community built on the Bridge of the Americas". He pointed out that the Chinese community is "traditional in our country, with generations established here, and deserves all our respect. An investigation should be launched immediately. Such an irrational act is unforgivable." The controversy coincides with former US President Donald Trump’s recent claims that the canal treaties are a “bad part” of the Carter legacy, reflecting US anxieties about Chinese influence.

Arraiján Mayor Stefany Peñalba justified the demolition, announced on December 28, 2025, via a social media post, as a “preventive and technical” decision to enhance the site for tourism. 

The demolition of the Chinese monument at the Mirador del Puente de Las Américas, a scenic overlook near Panama’s iconic Bridge of the Americas, has ignited a diplomatic firestorm. The monument, an Eastern-style arch and obelisk, stood as a tribute to the significant contributions of Chinese immigrants to Panama’s history, particularly their labour in building the Panama Canal and the Twin Ocean Railway in the 19th century. Offering stunning views of the canal and bridge, the site held cultural resonance for Panama’s Chinese community, established for generations. Arraiján Mayor Stefany Peñalba justified the demolition, announced on December 28, 2025, via a social media post, as a “preventive and technical” decision to enhance the site for tourism. “We assume responsibility for the actions taken at the Mirador del Puente de Las Américas… This was an autonomous decision that does not intend to offend or negate the cultural legacy of the Chinese community in Panama,” she stated, promising a renovated park. However, the nighttime demolition has been widely criticised, with the Chinese community alleging they were denied a chance to repair or relocate it. The decision has drawn sharp rebukes from Beijing. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian condemned the act, stating, “China deplores the forced demolition by relevant local authorities in Panama, and has protested… The monument stood as a witness and memorial to the time-honoured friendship between China and Panama, and to the tremendous contribution of Chinese workers who travelled across the oceans… some even paying the ultimate price during the construction.” Also Read: After Khaleda Zia’s death, Taslima Nasreen asks: ‘Will my exile end?’ The move impacts the Panama-China relations, with political undertones as US President Trump tries to stake a claim to the Panama Canal. Panamanian President José Raúl Mulino has reacted to the development in a strong way. In a Facebook post, he said, "There is no justification whatsoever for the barbarity committed by the mayor of Arraiján in demolishing the monument to the Chinese Community built on the Bridge of the Americas". He pointed out that the Chinese community is "traditional in our country, with generations established here, and deserves all our respect. An investigation should be launched immediately. Such an irrational act is unforgivable." The controversy coincides with former US President Donald Trump’s recent claims that the canal treaties are a “bad part” of the Carter legacy, reflecting US anxieties about Chinese influence.

Arraiján Mayor Stefany Peñalba justified the demolition, announced on December 28, 2025, via a social media post, as a “preventive and technical” decision to enhance the site for tourism.&nbsp;

Demolition of Chinese monument in Panama sparks Beijing anger

India's External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar will be attending the funeral ceremony of former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia. PM Modi extended condolences over her demise. "Deeply saddened to learn about the passing away of former Prime Minister and BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia in Dhaka", PM Modi tweeted. Khaleda, who was Bangladesh's first female Prime Minister, has been a key figure in its turbulent political history. She passed away early on Tuesday (December 30) at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka after a prolonged illness, her Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) announced.&nbsp;She was 80. Zia, who had been hospitalised since late November with complications including advanced liver cirrhosis, heart issues, diabetes, and lung infections, died at around 6:00 am local time shortly after dawn prayers. Her son Tarique Rahman, recently returned from 17 years in exile, and other family members were by her side. A three-day state mourning has been announced in the country. Zia's funeral prayers (namaz-e-janaza) are scheduled for Wednesday afternoon at the South Plaza of the National Parliament in Dhaka, followed by burial with full state honours beside her late husband, assassinated former President Ziaur Rahman, at Zia Udyan.

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">Deeply saddened to learn about the passing away of former Prime Minister and BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia in Dhaka. Our sincerest condolences to her family and all the people of Bangladesh. May the Almighty grant her family the fortitude to bear this tragic loss. As the… <a href="https://t.co/BLg6K52vak">pic.twitter.com/BLg6K52vak</a>&mdash; Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) <a href="https://twitter.com/narendramodi/status/2005855695787507912?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 30, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

Born in 1945, Khaleda Zia led a relatively private life until her husband Ziaur Rahman's assassination in a 1981 military coup. Thrust into leadership, she took the helm of the BNP in 1984 and became a fierce opponent of military ruler Hussain Muhammad Ershad's regime. In 1991, she made history as Bangladesh's first woman prime minister, serving until 1996. She returned for a second term from 2001 to 2006, leading a four-party alliance to victory.&nbsp;&nbsp;Like her arch-rival Sheikh Hasina, who was ousted in 2024 and is now in exile, Zia's career embodied the intense "battling begums" rivalry that defined Bangladeshi politics for decades. Released from detention in 2024 after Hasina's fall and acquitted of remaining corruption charges in early 2025, Zia had expressed intentions to campaign ahead of the upcoming elections, expected in early 2026. Her death marks the end of an era in Bangladesh's fractious democracy. Pakistan FM Ishaq Dar is also expected to attend the funeral of Khaleda Zia.

India Foreign Minister S Jaishankar to attend Khaleda Zia's funeral

India's External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar will be attending the funeral ceremony of former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia. PM Modi extended condolences over her demise. "Deeply saddened to learn about the passing away of former Prime Minister and BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia in Dhaka", PM Modi tweeted. Khaleda, who was Bangladesh's first female Prime Minister, has been a key figure in its turbulent political history. She passed away early on Tuesday (December 30) at Evercare Hospital in Dhaka after a prolonged illness, her Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) announced. She was 80. Zia, who had been hospitalised since late November with complications including advanced liver cirrhosis, heart issues, diabetes, and lung infections, died at around 6:00 am local time shortly after dawn prayers. Her son Tarique Rahman, recently returned from 17 years in exile, and other family members were by her side. A three-day state mourning has been announced in the country. Zia's funeral prayers (namaz-e-janaza) are scheduled for Wednesday afternoon at the South Plaza of the National Parliament in Dhaka, followed by burial with full state honours beside her late husband, assassinated former President Ziaur Rahman, at Zia Udyan.

Zia, who had been hospitalised since late November with complications including advanced liver cirrhosis, heart issues, diabetes, and lung infections, died at around 6:00 am local time shortly after dawn prayers

In a significant ruling, the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) Hyderabad Bench has set aside the appointment of Dr Jaiteerth R Joshi as Director General (DG) of BrahMos Aerospace, the Indo-Russian joint venture behind the acclaimed BrahMos supersonic cruise missile.&nbsp;The tribunal, in its order pronounced on 29 December 2025 in Original Application (OA) No.021/02253 of 2024, directed authorities to reconsider the selection for the strategic post, upholding the challenge brought by Dr Sivasubramaniam Nambi Naidu, a "Distinguished Scientist" at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)."Quashing &amp; setting aside" the 2024 order of appointment of Brahmos chief, the tribunal directed the process to restart for the appointment of DG Brahmos "within a period of four weeks from the date of receipt of the order".&nbsp;&nbsp;Dr Naidu, who was promoted to the highest scientific grade of Distinguished Scientist (Pay Level-16) on 7 October 2024, argued that he was overlooked despite superior seniority, merit, and experience. He claimed to be the senior-most eligible candidate and the top-ranked in the selection panel, while Dr Joshi, then an Outstanding Scientist (Pay Level-15), was appointed with effect from 1 December 2024.&nbsp;The tribunal, comprising Dr Lata Baswaraj Patne (Member Judicial) and Varun Sindhu Kul Kaumudi (Member Administrative), reserved its decision on 6 November 2025 after hearing arguments. The full order criticised the selection process. The order judgment emphasised that Dr Naidu had served in Level-15 positions significantly earlier than Dr Joshi. As stated in the applicant's plea: "the applicant is senior to the 5th respondent by 6 years in Level-15."&nbsp;DRDO defended the appointment, arguing that the Chairman, DRDO, as Head of Service under Rule 10 of the Defence Research and Development Service Rules, 2023, held ultimate discretion to deploy the "most suitable" senior scientist for critical roles such as DG (BrahMos). It maintained that seniority was not the sole criterion and that the post carried no additional financial benefits, being a transfer posting.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/5th-century-indian-ship-insv-kaundinya-embarks-on-maiden-voyage-pm-modi-hails-navy-1767020246163">5th-century Indian ship INSV Kaundinya embarks on maiden voyage; PM Modi hails Navy</a>&nbsp;Dr Joshi's counsel highlighted his extensive credentials, including leadership in international joint projects, 27 years of DRDO service, and roles such as Programme Director since 2022, contrasting these with the applicant's later elevation to Lab Director in 2023. However, the tribunal found merit in the applicant's contention that the process disregarded established principles of merit-cum-seniority for such high-profile postings in India's premier missile programme.&nbsp;Dr Naidu, represented by advocate A Srinivas Rohit, had sought to quash Office Order No. DOP/05(DRDS-III)/53258/DG(BrahMos)/M/01 dated 25 November 2024 and directed his own appointment as DG (BrahMos). The tribunal's order stops short of directly appointing Dr Naidu but quashes Dr Joshi's appointment, requiring authorities to revisit the panel and decision in light of the order.

The order judgment emphasised that Dr Naidu had served in Level-15 positions significantly earlier than Dr Joshi. As stated in the applicant's plea: "the applicant is senior to the 5th respondent by 6 years in Level-15."

In a significant ruling, the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) Hyderabad Bench has set aside the appointment of Dr Jaiteerth R Joshi as Director General (DG) of BrahMos Aerospace, the Indo-Russian joint venture behind the acclaimed BrahMos supersonic cruise missile. The tribunal, in its order pronounced on 29 December 2025 in Original Application (OA) No.021/02253 of 2024, directed authorities to reconsider the selection for the strategic post, upholding the challenge brought by Dr Sivasubramaniam Nambi Naidu, a "Distinguished Scientist" at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). "Quashing & setting aside" the 2024 order of appointment of Brahmos chief, the tribunal directed the process to restart for the appointment of DG Brahmos "within a period of four weeks from the date of receipt of the order". Dr Naidu, who was promoted to the highest scientific grade of Distinguished Scientist (Pay Level-16) on 7 October 2024, argued that he was overlooked despite superior seniority, merit, and experience. He claimed to be the senior-most eligible candidate and the top-ranked in the selection panel, while Dr Joshi, then an Outstanding Scientist (Pay Level-15), was appointed with effect from 1 December 2024. The tribunal, comprising Dr Lata Baswaraj Patne (Member Judicial) and Varun Sindhu Kul Kaumudi (Member Administrative), reserved its decision on 6 November 2025 after hearing arguments. The full order criticised the selection process. The order judgment emphasised that Dr Naidu had served in Level-15 positions significantly earlier than Dr Joshi. As stated in the applicant's plea: "the applicant is senior to the 5th respondent by 6 years in Level-15." DRDO defended the appointment, arguing that the Chairman, DRDO, as Head of Service under Rule 10 of the Defence Research and Development Service Rules, 2023, held ultimate discretion to deploy the "most suitable" senior scientist for critical roles such as DG (BrahMos). It maintained that seniority was not the sole criterion and that the post carried no additional financial benefits, being a transfer posting. Also Read: 5th-century Indian ship INSV Kaundinya embarks on maiden voyage; PM Modi hails Navy Dr Joshi's counsel highlighted his extensive credentials, including leadership in international joint projects, 27 years of DRDO service, and roles such as Programme Director since 2022, contrasting these with the applicant's later elevation to Lab Director in 2023. However, the tribunal found merit in the applicant's contention that the process disregarded established principles of merit-cum-seniority for such high-profile postings in India's premier missile programme. Dr Naidu, represented by advocate A Srinivas Rohit, had sought to quash Office Order No. DOP/05(DRDS-III)/53258/DG(BrahMos)/M/01 dated 25 November 2024 and directed his own appointment as DG (BrahMos). The tribunal's order stops short of directly appointing Dr Naidu but quashes Dr Joshi's appointment, requiring authorities to revisit the panel and decision in light of the order.

The order judgment emphasised that Dr Naidu had served in Level-15 positions significantly earlier than Dr Joshi, the current chief. As stated in the applicant's plea: "the applicant is senior to the 5th respondent by 6 years in Level-15."

India's Central Administrative Tribunal quashes appointment of BrahMos chief

Indian authorities are pursuing the extradition of Hussain Mohammed Shattaf, the prime accused in the 2006 murder of retired Merchant Navy captain Manmohan Singh Virdi, from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Captain Virdi was found dead at his bungalow in Lonavala, Maharashtra, on 14 May 2006. The case was registered as FIR No. 46/2006 at Lonavala City Police Station, with the Pune Rural police filing charges against Shattaf, his wife Waheeda Hussain Shattaf, and another individual, Zaanish Khan. Prosecutors alleged that Shattaf conspired in the killing, with his wife developing a friendship with the victim to facilitate the crime. India sent an extradition request recently.&nbsp;Shattaf, who fled India and according to details from Interpol red corner notice, is believed to be living in the UAE. The Bombay High Court initially discharged him and his wife, but India's Supreme Court later overturned that decision in a landmark ruling, reinstating proceedings against them. The victim's brother, Manjit Singh Virdi had previously sought help from the authorities to secure Shattaf's return. In recent developments, Maharashtra Police requested Interpol to issue a Red Corner Notice (RCN) against Shattaf for provisional arrest.&nbsp;India and the UAE maintain a robust extradition framework under a treaty signed in October 1999 in New Delhi. The agreement obligates both nations to extradite individuals accused or convicted of extraditable offences, those punishable by at least one year in prison in both countries, based on the principle of dual criminality. It covers serious crimes including murder and provides for mutual legal assistance.&nbsp;India has extradition treaties with 48 countries, including the UAE, and arrangements with 12 others. In recent years, cooperation with the UAE has yielded results, with several fugitives returned. Government data indicate that over the past five years, India has sent numerous extradition requests globally, securing successful extraditions or deportations in a growing number of cases, including from the UAE.&nbsp;Of the 25 fugitives who have been extradited in the last 5 years to India, 9 are from UAE, highest from any country according to govt data. The latest push reflects ongoing efforts by Indian law enforcement to bring long-standing fugitives to justice, with authorities expressing hope that Interpol's involvement and bilateral mechanisms will expedite Shattaf's return.

Hussain Mohammed Shattaf  who fled India and according to details from Interpol red corner notice, is believed to be living in the UAE. The Bombay High Court initially discharged him and his wife, but India's Supreme Court later overturned that decision 

Indian authorities are pursuing the extradition of Hussain Mohammed Shattaf, the prime accused in the 2006 murder of retired Merchant Navy captain Manmohan Singh Virdi, from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Captain Virdi was found dead at his bungalow in Lonavala, Maharashtra, on 14 May 2006. The case was registered as FIR No. 46/2006 at Lonavala City Police Station, with the Pune Rural police filing charges against Shattaf, his wife Waheeda Hussain Shattaf, and another individual, Zaanish Khan. Prosecutors alleged that Shattaf conspired in the killing, with his wife developing a friendship with the victim to facilitate the crime. India sent an extradition request recently. Shattaf, who fled India and according to details from Interpol red corner notice, is believed to be living in the UAE. The Bombay High Court initially discharged him and his wife, but India's Supreme Court later overturned that decision in a landmark ruling, reinstating proceedings against them. The victim's brother, Manjit Singh Virdi had previously sought help from the authorities to secure Shattaf's return. In recent developments, Maharashtra Police requested Interpol to issue a Red Corner Notice (RCN) against Shattaf for provisional arrest. India and the UAE maintain a robust extradition framework under a treaty signed in October 1999 in New Delhi. The agreement obligates both nations to extradite individuals accused or convicted of extraditable offences, those punishable by at least one year in prison in both countries, based on the principle of dual criminality. It covers serious crimes including murder and provides for mutual legal assistance. India has extradition treaties with 48 countries, including the UAE, and arrangements with 12 others. In recent years, cooperation with the UAE has yielded results, with several fugitives returned. Government data indicate that over the past five years, India has sent numerous extradition requests globally, securing successful extraditions or deportations in a growing number of cases, including from the UAE. Of the 25 fugitives who have been extradited in the last 5 years to India, 9 are from UAE, highest from any country according to govt data. The latest push reflects ongoing efforts by Indian law enforcement to bring long-standing fugitives to justice, with authorities expressing hope that Interpol's involvement and bilateral mechanisms will expedite Shattaf's return.

Hussain Mohammed Shattaf, who fled India and according to details from Interpol red corner notice, is believed to be living in the UAE. The Bombay High Court initially discharged him and his wife, but India's Supreme Court later overturned that decision&nbsp;

India seeks extradition of key fugitive in 2006 Lonavala murder

As 2025 draws to a close, India’s defence sector has undergone one of its most significant transformations in decades, driven by the government’s declaration of the year as the "Year of Reforms". Amid persistent concerns over future border tensions with China and increased security challenges from Pakistan, New Delhi has accelerated efforts to build a more self-reliant, integrated and modern military.<h2>Indigenisation</h2>At the heart of this shift is the push for indigenisation. Positive Indigenisation Lists now cover thousands of items, phasing out imports and mandating domestic production. This has spurred growth in defence manufacturing. Thousands of MSMEs and startups now supply critical components to the armed forces. The Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), a 155mm howitzer co-developed by DRDO and Bharat Forge, secured approval for 307 guns in early 2025. Enhanced Pinaka rocket launchers now provide extended ranges, while naval projects like INS Vikrant showcase domestic integration of complex platforms involving hundreds of Indian firms. Unmanned systems have seen rapid maturation, with indigenous drones now routinely used for surveillance along the borders.<h2>Manpower &amp; tech</h2>Agnipath scheme, which focuses on a lower average age of troops, enhancing physical resilience and technical skills needed for drone operations and networked systems, has been progressing, while freeing funds previously consumed by pensions, which once accounted for nearly a quarter of the defence budget. Critics argue it risks losing experienced soldiers, but supporters say it prioritises adaptability in today's conflicts. Parallel efforts boost technology. The iDEX programme has backed hundreds of startups, yielding innovations like night-vision devices, surveying drones and AI imagery analysis.<h2>Infrastructure, ammunitions</h2>Since the 2020 Galwan clash, India has transformed its border defences. The Border Roads Organisation has built hundreds of kilometres of all-weather roads, dozens of bridges, and key tunnels, including the operational Atal and Sela, and the nearing-completion Zojila, ensuring year-round access to forward areas. Advanced landing grounds at Daulat Beg Oldi and Nyoma now support heavy aircraft operations at extreme altitudes. New cyber and space agencies coordinate tri-service efforts, backed by dedicated military satellites. Ammunition shortages have eased through private production and a shift to precision-guided munitions.<h2>Procurement eased up</h2>Procurement processes have been streamlined to meet urgent needs. Emergency procurement powers permit acquisitions of up to Rs 300 crore to be executed within a six-month period. Separately, field commanders are authorised to approve immediate purchases up to specified financial limits as per their delegated authority. Frontline units now use SIG716 rifles instead of INSAS, Navy MH-60R Seahawks address anti-submarine warfare ASW gaps, and fast-tracked indigenous systems like Dhanush artillery and Arjun Mk1A tank have moved quickly from trials to induction.<h2>Organisational changes</h2>Organisational changes are progressing, with 2025 designated for advancing Integrated Theatre Commands. The Chief of Defence Staff has gained greater authority to drive jointness, building on models like the Andaman and Nicobar Command. While full rollout faces challenges, consensus among services is being worked on.<h2>Exports</h2>Exports provide external validation. Defence exports reached Rs 21,083 crore in 2023–24, up from about Rs 2,000 crore 5 years ago. Products ranging from artillery to missiles now reach dozens of countries, including the Philippines and Armenia.Though challenges persist. Procurement timelines for major platforms as fighters can slip, and full integration of theatre commands requires resolving inter-service dynamics. Yet the direction is unmistakable. Forced by geopolitical pressures and bolstered by policy alignment, India’s military is evolving from import dependence towards industrial depth, joint operations and technological edge.

Forced by geopolitical pressures and bolstered by policy alignment, India’s military is evolving from import dependence towards industrial depth, joint operations and technological edge.

As 2025 draws to a close, India’s defence sector has undergone one of its most significant transformations in decades, driven by the government’s declaration of the year as the "Year of Reforms". Amid persistent concerns over future border tensions with China and increased security challenges from Pakistan, New Delhi has accelerated efforts to build a more self-reliant, integrated and modern military. Indigenisation At the heart of this shift is the push for indigenisation. Positive Indigenisation Lists now cover thousands of items, phasing out imports and mandating domestic production. This has spurred growth in defence manufacturing. Thousands of MSMEs and startups now supply critical components to the armed forces. The Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), a 155mm howitzer co-developed by DRDO and Bharat Forge, secured approval for 307 guns in early 2025. Enhanced Pinaka rocket launchers now provide extended ranges, while naval projects like INS Vikrant showcase domestic integration of complex platforms involving hundreds of Indian firms. Unmanned systems have seen rapid maturation, with indigenous drones now routinely used for surveillance along the borders. Manpower & tech Agnipath scheme, which focuses on a lower average age of troops, enhancing physical resilience and technical skills needed for drone operations and networked systems, has been progressing, while freeing funds previously consumed by pensions, which once accounted for nearly a quarter of the defence budget. Critics argue it risks losing experienced soldiers, but supporters say it prioritises adaptability in today's conflicts. Parallel efforts boost technology. The iDEX programme has backed hundreds of startups, yielding innovations like night-vision devices, surveying drones and AI imagery analysis. Infrastructure, ammunitions Since the 2020 Galwan clash, India has transformed its border defences. The Border Roads Organisation has built hundreds of kilometres of all-weather roads, dozens of bridges, and key tunnels, including the operational Atal and Sela, and the nearing-completion Zojila, ensuring year-round access to forward areas. Advanced landing grounds at Daulat Beg Oldi and Nyoma now support heavy aircraft operations at extreme altitudes. New cyber and space agencies coordinate tri-service efforts, backed by dedicated military satellites. Ammunition shortages have eased through private production and a shift to precision-guided munitions. Procurement eased up Procurement processes have been streamlined to meet urgent needs. Emergency procurement powers permit acquisitions of up to Rs 300 crore to be executed within a six-month period. Separately, field commanders are authorised to approve immediate purchases up to specified financial limits as per their delegated authority. Frontline units now use SIG716 rifles instead of INSAS, Navy MH-60R Seahawks address anti-submarine warfare ASW gaps, and fast-tracked indigenous systems like Dhanush artillery and Arjun Mk1A tank have moved quickly from trials to induction. Organisational changes Organisational changes are progressing, with 2025 designated for advancing Integrated Theatre Commands. The Chief of Defence Staff has gained greater authority to drive jointness, building on models like the Andaman and Nicobar Command. While full rollout faces challenges, consensus among services is being worked on. Exports Exports provide external validation. Defence exports reached Rs 21,083 crore in 2023–24, up from about Rs 2,000 crore 5 years ago. Products ranging from artillery to missiles now reach dozens of countries, including the Philippines and Armenia. Though challenges persist. Procurement timelines for major platforms as fighters can slip, and full integration of theatre commands requires resolving inter-service dynamics. Yet the direction is unmistakable. Forced by geopolitical pressures and bolstered by policy alignment, India’s military is evolving from import dependence towards industrial depth, joint operations and technological edge.

Forced by geopolitical pressures and bolstered by policy alignment, India’s military is evolving from import dependence towards industrial depth, joint operations and technological edge.

India's defence 'year of reforms' 2025: From indigenisation push to record exports

India has delivered a consignment of ambulances to Afghanistan, fulfilling an earlier commitment made during high-level talks in New Delhi. The delivery follows an announcement in October, when India's External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar met Afghan Foreign Minister Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqi in the Indian capital Delhi. During the meeting, Mr Jaishankar described the gift as a "gesture of goodwill". "A gift of 20 ambulances is a gesture of goodwill, and I would like to handover 5 of them to you personally as a symbolic step," Mr Jaishankar said at the time. "India will also provide MRI and CT scan machines to Afghan hospitals and deliver vaccines for immunisation and cancer medicines. We have also supplied drug rehabilitation materials through UNODC and are open to doing more."The delivery of the ambulances is part of broader India-Afghanistan healthcare cooperation. Projects include establishing a Thalassemia Centre, a Modern Diagnostic Centre, and replacing the heating system at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health (IGICH) in Kabul. India has also pledged to build a 30-bed hospital in Kabul's Bagrami district, an Oncology Centre, a Trauma Centre in the capital, and five Maternity Health Clinics in the provinces of Paktika, Khost, and Paktia.Around 75 prosthetic limbs have been fitted to Afghan nationals, a programme that has received appreciation from Afghan authorities. Earlier this month, Afghan Public Health Minister Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali visited India, where he held talks with his Indian counterpart. Discussions focused on long-term medicine supplies, capacity-building, and infrastructure support. A symbolic handover of cancer medicines and vaccines occurred, with larger consignments, including a 128-slice CT scanner, set to follow.India continues to provide medical visas for Afghans for treatment in Indian hospitals. Speaking to WION, the health minister said, "Afghans have been regularly travelling to India for medical treatment for a long time. Medical visas have been a vital humanitarian channel." The Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan administration has been focusing on tertiary healthcare projects, including specialised hospitals, diagnostic centres, and cancer treatment facilities. Both countries discussed forming a Joint Working Group on Health, establishing cancer treatment facilities in Afghanistan, and sending Indian medical teams for capacity-building programmes for Afghan doctors.<h2>Reducing reliance on Pakistan</h2>The latest delivery reinforces New Delhi's commitment to Afghanistan's welfare. Development comes as Afghanistan is trying to reduce reliance on neighbouring Pakistan, after the country attacked Kabul, border areas killing civilians, including children, women and cricketers. In November 2025, the Afghan government announced a complete ban on importing pharmaceutical products from Pakistan, citing poor quality. A three-month transition period was given for importers to settle debts with Pakistani suppliers and shift to alternative sources.

The delivery of the ambulances is part of broader India-Afghanistan healthcare cooperation. Projects include establishing a Thalassemia Centre, a Modern Diagnostic Centre, and replacing the heating system at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health (IGICH) in Kabul.

India has delivered a consignment of ambulances to Afghanistan, fulfilling an earlier commitment made during high-level talks in New Delhi. The delivery follows an announcement in October, when India's External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar met Afghan Foreign Minister Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqi in the Indian capital Delhi. During the meeting, Mr Jaishankar described the gift as a "gesture of goodwill". "A gift of 20 ambulances is a gesture of goodwill, and I would like to handover 5 of them to you personally as a symbolic step," Mr Jaishankar said at the time. "India will also provide MRI and CT scan machines to Afghan hospitals and deliver vaccines for immunisation and cancer medicines. We have also supplied drug rehabilitation materials through UNODC and are open to doing more." The delivery of the ambulances is part of broader India-Afghanistan healthcare cooperation. Projects include establishing a Thalassemia Centre, a Modern Diagnostic Centre, and replacing the heating system at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health (IGICH) in Kabul. India has also pledged to build a 30-bed hospital in Kabul's Bagrami district, an Oncology Centre, a Trauma Centre in the capital, and five Maternity Health Clinics in the provinces of Paktika, Khost, and Paktia. Around 75 prosthetic limbs have been fitted to Afghan nationals, a programme that has received appreciation from Afghan authorities. Earlier this month, Afghan Public Health Minister Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali visited India, where he held talks with his Indian counterpart. Discussions focused on long-term medicine supplies, capacity-building, and infrastructure support. A symbolic handover of cancer medicines and vaccines occurred, with larger consignments, including a 128-slice CT scanner, set to follow. India continues to provide medical visas for Afghans for treatment in Indian hospitals. Speaking to WION, the health minister said, "Afghans have been regularly travelling to India for medical treatment for a long time. Medical visas have been a vital humanitarian channel." The Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan administration has been focusing on tertiary healthcare projects, including specialised hospitals, diagnostic centres, and cancer treatment facilities. Both countries discussed forming a Joint Working Group on Health, establishing cancer treatment facilities in Afghanistan, and sending Indian medical teams for capacity-building programmes for Afghan doctors. Reducing reliance on Pakistan The latest delivery reinforces New Delhi's commitment to Afghanistan's welfare. Development comes as Afghanistan is trying to reduce reliance on neighbouring Pakistan, after the country attacked Kabul, border areas killing civilians, including children, women and cricketers. In November 2025, the Afghan government announced a complete ban on importing pharmaceutical products from Pakistan, citing poor quality. A three-month transition period was given for importers to settle debts with Pakistani suppliers and shift to alternative sources.

The delivery of the ambulances is part of broader India-Afghanistan healthcare cooperation. Projects include establishing a Thalassemia Centre, a Modern Diagnostic Centre, and replacing the heating system at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health (IGICH) in Kabul.

India delivers ambulances to Afghanistan as health care cooperation grows

Newly released verbatim transcripts of conversations between Russian President Vladimir Putin and former US President George W. Bush, made public this week by the "National Security Archive" following a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit, showed deep early concerns about Pakistan's&nbsp;nuclear weapons and the risks of proliferation to states such as Iran&nbsp;and North Korea.&nbsp;The documents, covering meetings and calls from 2001 to 2008, highlight how both leaders viewed Pakistan,&nbsp;under military ruler Pervez Musharraf, as a major non-proliferation headache, even as they built a close post-9/11 partnership focused on counter-terrorism. In their first personal encounter on 16 June 2001 at Brdo Castle in Slovenia, Putin voiced stark worries about the country's stability. "I am concerned about Pakistan," he told Bush. "It is just a junta with nuclear weapons. It is no democracy, yet the West does not criticize it. Should talk about it."&nbsp;The exchange came amid discussions on strategic stability, missile defence, Iran, North Korea, and NATO expansion. Bush described Russia as "part of the West and not an enemy", while the two leaders expressed mutual respect-Bush later famously said he had looked into Putin's soul and found him trustworthy. By September 2005, during a meeting in the Oval Office focused on non-proliferation and cooperation on Iran and North Korea, the conversation turned explicitly to traces of Pakistani involvement in Iran's nuclear activities.<h2>2005 Transcript:</h2>Putin: But it's not clear what the labs (Iran) have, where they are... Cooperation with Pakistan still exists.Bush: I talked to Musharraf about that. I told him we're worried about transfers to Iran and North Korea. They put A.Q. Khan in jail, and some of his buddies. Under house arrest. We want to know what they said. I keep reminding Musharraf of that. Either he's getting nothing, or he's not being forthcoming."Putin: As far as I understand, they found uranium of Pakistani origin in the centrifuges.Bush: Yes, the stuff the Iranians forgot to tell the IAEA about. That's a violation.Putin: It was of Pakistani origin. That makes me nervous.Bush: It makes us nervous, tooPutin: Think about us.Bush: We don't need a lot of religious nuts with nuclear weapons. That's what Iran has running the country.&nbsp;The candid dialogue shows the shared anxiety over the A.Q. Khan proliferation network, the Pakistani scientist who admitted selling nuclear technology to multiple countries, and the fragility of Pakistan's command and control over its arsenal amid political instability. The transcripts portray an early "foxhole" camaraderie between the two presidents, with Bush calling Putin "the type of guy I like to have in the foxhole with me" after the 9/11 attacks.&nbsp;Released earlier this week, after processing by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the documents provide rare insight into high-level discussions that shaped US-Russian cooperation on proliferation before relations deteriorated over issues including Iraq, NATO enlargement, and missile defence. The National Security Archive, a nonprofit research institute at George Washington University, filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) lawsuit against the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) that accelerated declassification of the Bush-Putin transcripts.<h2>India's own concerns over Pakistan's non-proliferation</h2>India has long expressed concerns over Pakistan's nuclear proliferation record. Earlier this year, in response of US President Trump saying that Pakistan is conducting secret nuclear test, India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal (November 2025) pointed that, "Clandestine and illegal nuclear activities are in keeping with Pakistan’s history, that is centered around decades of smuggling, export control violations, secret partnerships, AQ Khan network and further proliferation". He emphasized that India has consistently drawn international attention to Pakistan's record of nuclear non-transparency and proliferation, framing it as a major regional security concern.&nbsp;&nbsp;After the May conflict, India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh strongly questioned the safety of Pakistan's nuclear arsenal, labelling it an "irresponsible and rogue nation" and calling for its weapons to be placed under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

Putin and Bush shared 'nervous' fears over Pakistan's nuclear proliferation, declassified transcripts show

Newly released verbatim transcripts of conversations between Russian President Vladimir Putin and former US President George W. Bush, made public this week by the "National Security Archive" following a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit, showed deep early concerns about Pakistan's nuclear weapons and the risks of proliferation to states such as Iran and North Korea. The documents, covering meetings and calls from 2001 to 2008, highlight how both leaders viewed Pakistan, under military ruler Pervez Musharraf, as a major non-proliferation headache, even as they built a close post-9/11 partnership focused on counter-terrorism. In their first personal encounter on 16 June 2001 at Brdo Castle in Slovenia, Putin voiced stark worries about the country's stability. "I am concerned about Pakistan," he told Bush. "It is just a junta with nuclear weapons. It is no democracy, yet the West does not criticize it. Should talk about it." The exchange came amid discussions on strategic stability, missile defence, Iran, North Korea, and NATO expansion. Bush described Russia as "part of the West and not an enemy", while the two leaders expressed mutual respect-Bush later famously said he had looked into Putin's soul and found him trustworthy. By September 2005, during a meeting in the Oval Office focused on non-proliferation and cooperation on Iran and North Korea, the conversation turned explicitly to traces of Pakistani involvement in Iran's nuclear activities. 2005 Transcript: Putin: But it's not clear what the labs (Iran) have, where they are... Cooperation with Pakistan still exists. Bush: I talked to Musharraf about that. I told him we're worried about transfers to Iran and North Korea. They put A.Q. Khan in jail, and some of his buddies. Under house arrest. We want to know what they said. I keep reminding Musharraf of that. Either he's getting nothing, or he's not being forthcoming." Putin: As far as I understand, they found uranium of Pakistani origin in the centrifuges. Bush: Yes, the stuff the Iranians forgot to tell the IAEA about. That's a violation. Putin: It was of Pakistani origin. That makes me nervous. Bush: It makes us nervous, too Putin: Think about us. Bush: We don't need a lot of religious nuts with nuclear weapons. That's what Iran has running the country. The candid dialogue shows the shared anxiety over the A.Q. Khan proliferation network, the Pakistani scientist who admitted selling nuclear technology to multiple countries, and the fragility of Pakistan's command and control over its arsenal amid political instability. The transcripts portray an early "foxhole" camaraderie between the two presidents, with Bush calling Putin "the type of guy I like to have in the foxhole with me" after the 9/11 attacks. Released earlier this week, after processing by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the documents provide rare insight into high-level discussions that shaped US-Russian cooperation on proliferation before relations deteriorated over issues including Iraq, NATO enlargement, and missile defence. The National Security Archive, a nonprofit research institute at George Washington University, filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) lawsuit against the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) that accelerated declassification of the Bush-Putin transcripts. India's own concerns over Pakistan's non-proliferation India has long expressed concerns over Pakistan's nuclear proliferation record. Earlier this year, in response of US President Trump saying that Pakistan is conducting secret nuclear test, India's Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal (November 2025) pointed that, "Clandestine and illegal nuclear activities are in keeping with Pakistan’s history, that is centered around decades of smuggling, export control violations, secret partnerships, AQ Khan network and further proliferation". He emphasized that India has consistently drawn international attention to Pakistan's record of nuclear non-transparency and proliferation, framing it as a major regional security concern. After the May conflict, India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh strongly questioned the safety of Pakistan's nuclear arsenal, labelling it an "irresponsible and rogue nation" and calling for its weapons to be placed under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

The documents, covering meetings and calls from 2001 to 2008, highlight how both leaders viewed Pakistan,&nbsp;under military ruler Pervez Musharraf, as a major non-proliferation headache, even as they built a close post-9/11 partnership focused on counter-terrorism

Former Maldivian Vice President Faisal Naseem has described India as the Maldives’ “closest ally and partner”, emphasising New Delhi’s long-standing role as a reliable first responder in times of crisis. In an exclusive interview with our diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, Naseem highlighted India’s swift military intervention during the 1988 coup attempt to sending vaccines during COVID pandemic. “India has been there whenever we needed its assistance,” he stated.&nbsp;Faisal Naseem was in Delhi to deliver the 8th Atal Bihari Vajpayee Memorial Lecture organised by think tank India Foundation. He spoke on the theme “Peace, Democracy and Islam – The Maldivian Experience”.&nbsp;He was the Vice President of Maldives from 2018-2023, during President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih’s term. On maritime security, including illegal fishing and other threats in the Indian Ocean, Naseem stressed close collaboration. “We work very closely with India, especially [on] Indian Ocean security,” he noted. “We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean from illegal fishing and also other kinds of peace that are harming the people.” Here’s the full interview:&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: How do you see India-Maldives ties?Faisal Naseem: 1988, when we had an existential threat during the time of PM Rajiv Gandhi, we had Indian support very swiftly and order was restored. India has been our closest ally and partner. India has always supported Maldives in times of need. Even during our time, the MDP government, we had a wonderful, great relationship with India. India’s support for our developments as a partner was immense. Even today, with the recent visit of the President of the Maldives, I think, things are settling and then we will be working together.&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: And India has been the first responder...Faisal Naseem: Yes, during 1988 we had this coup attempt, India was there. Swift action was taken by the Indian government. When we had a water crisis in Male, India responded very swiftly. During the pandemic, everybody had problems, but even at that difficult time, India gave special thought. They provided us with vaccines and also opened its doors for Maldivians to travel to India for further medical care. So today we see that India is very close, very close to the country as a partner. If you see the developments taking place in the Maldives, like airports, housing and other projects, like high impact projects within the islands for its people, it's India. So we have the India first policy in the Maldives. Relationship has been very good, and will last for the betterment of the 2 people.&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: We saw the last election, where there was the ‘India out’ campaign by the government which is in power, the government has distanced itself so far from that, and the relationship looks good now. But do you think that so called campaign is part of politics?Faisal Naseem: You can see that the government is now coming very close to India and working with India. So I only see that it is just during a very heated campaign. So sometimes people use different techniques. Misinformation is also spread, sometimes for personal gain. So today I see that it is just the other way around. This government is working with the Indian government today.&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: Concern over radicalization, that has been a big concern in the region.Faisal Naseem: Well we have worked together with all different groups and different associations and the government is very much involved in this. We come to the table and tackle our own problems. So, I would say that we will work towards peace, and then we will have a peaceful country that everybody loves, prioritises.&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: How are you making sure that this region is not facing any challenges like illegal fishing, like the presence of pirates as well? So how are you collaborating with the countries of the region?Faisal Naseem: Well, to overcome all these challenges, we are working very closely with India, especially the Indian Ocean security is very important. We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean and prevent illegal fishing.

Former Maldivian VP Faisal Naseem stressed close collaboration on maritime security, including illegal fishing and other threats in the Indian Ocean. We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean from illegal fishing and other things that are harming the people, he added.

Former Maldivian Vice President Faisal Naseem has described India as the Maldives’ “closest ally and partner”, emphasising New Delhi’s long-standing role as a reliable first responder in times of crisis. In an exclusive interview with our diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, Naseem highlighted India’s swift military intervention during the 1988 coup attempt to sending vaccines during COVID pandemic. “India has been there whenever we needed its assistance,” he stated. Faisal Naseem was in Delhi to deliver the 8th Atal Bihari Vajpayee Memorial Lecture organised by think tank India Foundation. He spoke on the theme “Peace, Democracy and Islam – The Maldivian Experience”. He was the Vice President of Maldives from 2018-2023, during President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih’s term. On maritime security, including illegal fishing and other threats in the Indian Ocean, Naseem stressed close collaboration. “We work very closely with India, especially [on] Indian Ocean security,” he noted. “We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean from illegal fishing and also other kinds of peace that are harming the people.” Here’s the full interview: Sidhant Sibal: How do you see India-Maldives ties? Faisal Naseem: 1988, when we had an existential threat during the time of PM Rajiv Gandhi, we had Indian support very swiftly and order was restored. India has been our closest ally and partner. India has always supported Maldives in times of need. Even during our time, the MDP government, we had a wonderful, great relationship with India. India’s support for our developments as a partner was immense. Even today, with the recent visit of the President of the Maldives, I think, things are settling and then we will be working together. Sidhant Sibal: And India has been the first responder... Faisal Naseem: Yes, during 1988 we had this coup attempt, India was there. Swift action was taken by the Indian government. When we had a water crisis in Male, India responded very swiftly. During the pandemic, everybody had problems, but even at that difficult time, India gave special thought. They provided us with vaccines and also opened its doors for Maldivians to travel to India for further medical care. So today we see that India is very close, very close to the country as a partner. If you see the developments taking place in the Maldives, like airports, housing and other projects, like high impact projects within the islands for its people, it's India. So we have the India first policy in the Maldives. Relationship has been very good, and will last for the betterment of the 2 people. Sidhant Sibal: We saw the last election, where there was the ‘India out’ campaign by the government which is in power, the government has distanced itself so far from that, and the relationship looks good now. But do you think that so called campaign is part of politics? Faisal Naseem: You can see that the government is now coming very close to India and working with India. So I only see that it is just during a very heated campaign. So sometimes people use different techniques. Misinformation is also spread, sometimes for personal gain. So today I see that it is just the other way around. This government is working with the Indian government today. Sidhant Sibal: Concern over radicalization, that has been a big concern in the region. Faisal Naseem: Well we have worked together with all different groups and different associations and the government is very much involved in this. We come to the table and tackle our own problems. So, I would say that we will work towards peace, and then we will have a peaceful country that everybody loves, prioritises. Sidhant Sibal: How are you making sure that this region is not facing any challenges like illegal fishing, like the presence of pirates as well? So how are you collaborating with the countries of the region? Faisal Naseem: Well, to overcome all these challenges, we are working very closely with India, especially the Indian Ocean security is very important. We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean and prevent illegal fishing.

Former Maldivian VP Faisal Naseem stressed close collaboration on maritime security, including illegal fishing and other threats in the Indian Ocean. We work with the Indian government to protect the Indian Ocean and prevent illegal fishing, he added.

‘India has been our closest ally and partner:’ Former Maldives VP Naseem

A new US Department of Defense report, released on 23 December points to fragile state of India, China ties, but also growing military ties when it comes to Beijing and Islamabad. The annual "Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China" report to US Congress says, "China probably seeks to capitalize on decreased tension along the LAC to stabilize bilateral relations and prevent the deepening of U.S.-India ties; however, India probably remains skeptical of China’s actions and motives". It assessed that, "continued mutual distrust and other irritants almost certainly limit the bilateral relationship."&nbsp;It highlights a key development in October 2024, when India, China agreed to disengage from standoff sites along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). That was announced just days before the meeting between President Xi Jinping and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the sidelines of the BRICS Kazan Summit.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-to-take-taiwan-by-brute-force-by-2027-pentagon-drafts-report-claims-beijing-loaded-more-than-100-icbms-in-silo-fields-1766472651526">China to take Taiwan by brute force by 2027? Pentagon drafts report claims Beijing loaded more than 100 ICBMs in silo fields</a>&nbsp;The Xi-Modi meet "marked the onset of monthly high-level engagements" between the two countries, covering border management, direct flights, visa facilitation, and exchanges of academics and journalists. Despite these steps, the Pentagon warns that China's leadership has designated Taiwan, South China Sea claims, the Senkaku Islands, and India's northeastern state of Arunachal Pradesh as "core interests" tied to sovereignty.&nbsp;The report also details China's deepening military ties with Pakistan, a key ally. Beijing has supplied advanced weaponry, including frigates, with four delivered to Pakistan in the last decade and combat aircrafts. China offers three main combat aircraft for export: the fifth-generation FC-31, the fourth-generation J-10C multirole fighter, and the China Pakistan jointly produced JF-17 light combat aircraft.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/grok-in-pentagon-department-of-war-announces-partnership-with-elon-musk-s-xai-1766468052236">Grok in Pentagon? Department of War announces partnership with Elon Musk’s xAI</a>&nbsp;As of May 2025, China had delivered 20 units of the J-10C to Pakistan, its only exports of the type, as part of two orders totalling 36 aircraft since 2020. China has also provided Pakistan with strike-capable Caihong and Wing Loong unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), alongside supplies to nations such as Algeria, Iraq, and Myanmar.&nbsp;The Pentagon assesses that China "probably will grow its naval export market" over the next five years, building on customers including Pakistan. It adds that Beijing is exploring military basing or logistics facilities in several countries, including Pakistan.

A US Pentagon report says India-China ties remain fragile despite LAC disengagement and renewed talks, with deep mistrust persisting. It warns China seeks to limit US-India closeness while expanding strong military cooperation with Pakistan

A new US Department of Defense report, released on 23 December points to fragile state of India, China ties, but also growing military ties when it comes to Beijing and Islamabad. The annual "Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China" report to US Congress says, "China probably seeks to capitalize on decreased tension along the LAC to stabilize bilateral relations and prevent the deepening of U.S.-India ties; however, India probably remains skeptical of China’s actions and motives". It assessed that, "continued mutual distrust and other irritants almost certainly limit the bilateral relationship." It highlights a key development in October 2024, when India, China agreed to disengage from standoff sites along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). That was announced just days before the meeting between President Xi Jinping and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the sidelines of the BRICS Kazan Summit. Also Read: China to take Taiwan by brute force by 2027? Pentagon drafts report claims Beijing loaded more than 100 ICBMs in silo fields The Xi-Modi meet "marked the onset of monthly high-level engagements" between the two countries, covering border management, direct flights, visa facilitation, and exchanges of academics and journalists. Despite these steps, the Pentagon warns that China's leadership has designated Taiwan, South China Sea claims, the Senkaku Islands, and India's northeastern state of Arunachal Pradesh as "core interests" tied to sovereignty. The report also details China's deepening military ties with Pakistan, a key ally. Beijing has supplied advanced weaponry, including frigates, with four delivered to Pakistan in the last decade and combat aircrafts. China offers three main combat aircraft for export: the fifth-generation FC-31, the fourth-generation J-10C multirole fighter, and the China Pakistan jointly produced JF-17 light combat aircraft. Also Read: Grok in Pentagon? Department of War announces partnership with Elon Musk’s xAI As of May 2025, China had delivered 20 units of the J-10C to Pakistan, its only exports of the type, as part of two orders totalling 36 aircraft since 2020. China has also provided Pakistan with strike-capable Caihong and Wing Loong unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), alongside supplies to nations such as Algeria, Iraq, and Myanmar. The Pentagon assesses that China "probably will grow its naval export market" over the next five years, building on customers including Pakistan. It adds that Beijing is exploring military basing or logistics facilities in several countries, including Pakistan.

A US Pentagon report says India-China ties remain fragile despite LAC disengagement and renewed talks, with deep mistrust persisting. It warns China seeks to limit US-India closeness while expanding strong military cooperation with Pakistan

Pentagon report highlights China's military ties with Pakistan and cautious thaw with India

India and Bangladesh have engaged in a fresh round of mutual diplomatic protests, summoning each other's envoys amid sharply deteriorating bilateral ties. On Tuesday (December 23), the Ministry of External Affairs summoned Bangladesh's High Commissioner to New Delhi, Muhammad Riaz Hamidullah, for the second time in a week, as inflammatory comments have been made by Bangladeshi politicians against India.&nbsp;The move came shortly after Bangladesh's Foreign Ministry called in India's High Commissioner Pranay Verma to express concern over the security of Bangladeshi diplomatic missions and personnel in India. The latest Indian protest focused on threats to its diplomatic posts, particularly after an attack on the Indian Assistant High Commission in Chittagong (Chattogram). Protesters hurled stones at the mission's premises during unrest triggered by the death of prominent youth leader Sharif Osman Hadi.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/budgam-police-attached-immovable-property-of-us-based-kashmiri-separatist-ghulam-nabi-shah-1766496209252">Budgam Police attached immovable property of US-based Kashmiri separatist Ghulam Nabi Shah</a>&nbsp;The incident prompted India to suspend visa services indefinitely at its visa application centre in the port city, citing security concerns. The attack followed violent demonstrations across Bangladesh after Hadi, a senior figure in the Inquilab Mancha platform and an outspoken critic of India, died on Thursday (December 18) from injuries sustained in a shooting in Dhaka earlier this month in December. His death sparked widespread protests, including vandalism of media offices.&nbsp;Meanwhile, protests over the killing of a Hindu minority man in Bangladesh triggered protests outside Delhi's diplomatic enclave by members of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and Bajrang Dal. Demonstrators expressed outrage over the mob lynching of Hindu garment worker Dipu Chandra Das in Mymensingh. Das was beaten to death and his body set alight over alleged blasphemy, prompting arrests but also highlighting concerns about minority safety. Bangladesh has meanwhile suspended visa operations in Delhi, Siliguri, and Agartala.

India and Bangladesh summon envoys as diplomatic tensions escalate

India and Bangladesh have engaged in a fresh round of mutual diplomatic protests, summoning each other's envoys amid sharply deteriorating bilateral ties. On Tuesday (December 23), the Ministry of External Affairs summoned Bangladesh's High Commissioner to New Delhi, Muhammad Riaz Hamidullah, for the second time in a week, as inflammatory comments have been made by Bangladeshi politicians against India. The move came shortly after Bangladesh's Foreign Ministry called in India's High Commissioner Pranay Verma to express concern over the security of Bangladeshi diplomatic missions and personnel in India. The latest Indian protest focused on threats to its diplomatic posts, particularly after an attack on the Indian Assistant High Commission in Chittagong (Chattogram). Protesters hurled stones at the mission's premises during unrest triggered by the death of prominent youth leader Sharif Osman Hadi. Also Read: Budgam Police attached immovable property of US-based Kashmiri separatist Ghulam Nabi Shah The incident prompted India to suspend visa services indefinitely at its visa application centre in the port city, citing security concerns. The attack followed violent demonstrations across Bangladesh after Hadi, a senior figure in the Inquilab Mancha platform and an outspoken critic of India, died on Thursday (December 18) from injuries sustained in a shooting in Dhaka earlier this month in December. His death sparked widespread protests, including vandalism of media offices. Meanwhile, protests over the killing of a Hindu minority man in Bangladesh triggered protests outside Delhi's diplomatic enclave by members of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and Bajrang Dal. Demonstrators expressed outrage over the mob lynching of Hindu garment worker Dipu Chandra Das in Mymensingh. Das was beaten to death and his body set alight over alleged blasphemy, prompting arrests but also highlighting concerns about minority safety. Bangladesh has meanwhile suspended visa operations in Delhi, Siliguri, and Agartala.

The move came shortly after Bangladesh's Foreign Ministry called in India's High Commissioner Pranay Verma to express concern over the security of Bangladeshi diplomatic missions and personnel in India

Afghanistan’s Minister of Public Health, Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali, has praised India’s long standing support for Afghan healthcare, highlighting medical visas as a “vital humanitarian channel” during a visit to New Delhi. Speaking exclusively to WION’s Sidhant Sibal, Jalali noted, “Afghans have been regularly traveling to India for medical treatment for a long time.”&nbsp;India has established a thalassaemia centre and a modern diagnostic centre and replaced the heating system at Kabul’s Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health. It will also construct a 30-bed hospital in Kabul’s Bagrami district, including an oncology centre, a trauma centre, and five maternity health clinics.Jalali welcomed India’s contributions to Afghan health infrastructure, describing the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health in Kabul as “one of the major paediatric hospitals in Afghanistan.” He said Afghanistan had “previously requested [the] honourable Indian Chargé d'affaires... regarding strengthening the infrastructure,” and received promises of a CT scan machine and further support.&nbsp;Around 75 prosthetic limbs (Jaipur foot) have been fitted for Afghan nationals, with India continuing to provide medical assistance and treatment. During Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi’s visit, India gifted 20 ambulances to Afghanistan. Full interview:&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2>India Ties</h2> Sidhant Sibal: How do you see India ties Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: I would like to convey my regards to viewers and listeners of WION. I've travelled to India for health issues and discussions. Afghanistan values its long standing and constructive relationship with India. Our engagement with India has traditionally been people centric, particularly in health, education and humanitarian assistance. We see India as an important regional partner and our current interaction reflects a mutual interest in pragmatic cooperation based on respect, humanitarian consideration and shared responsibility.&nbsp;<h2>Meeting with Indian Health Minister &nbsp;</h2>Sidhant Sibal: Following your recent visit to India and meetings with Union Health Minister JP Nadda, what specific new areas of cooperation in healthcare infrastructure and medical supplies have been agreed upon between Afghanistan and India?Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: First of all, I would like to state that this was my first visit to India since the establishment of the Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan, I was the first health minister to travel to India. The discussions with His Excellency, the Minister of Health and Family Welfare, were focused on strengthening cooperation and health infrastructure, medical equipment support, regulatory coordination and capacity building.&nbsp;Both sides explored collaboration in hospital development,&nbsp;medical supply, pharmaceutical regulation and training of health professionals in India. Additionally, I've received promises on supply of oncological and cancer treatment medicines, which will be supplied on the immediate basis.&nbsp;<h2>Medical visas</h2>&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: India continues to facilitate medical visas for Afghan patients in Indian hospitals. What are your views on expanding this program, and how many Afghan patients have benefited from it in 2025?&nbsp;Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghans have been&nbsp;regularly traveling to India for medical treatment for a long time. Medical visas have been a vital humanitarian channel. We have recently seen many visas issued for Afghan nationals seeking medical treatment in India. While exact figures vary, thousands of&nbsp;Afghan patients have benefited from this channel in recent years.<h2> India's support to Afghan healthcare infra</h2> Sidhant Sibal: Projects like the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health in Kabul, thalassemia centers, and diagnostic facilities have been supported by India. What further infrastructure projects would Afghanistan prioritize in collaboration with India?Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Indira Gandhi hospital is one of the major pediatric hospitals in Afghanistan. We have previously requested honorable Indian Chargé d'affaires to Afghanistan regarding strengthening the infrastructure. We have received a promise&nbsp;of CT scan machine and infrastructure strengthening support to Indira Gandhi pediatric hospital. When it comes to overall infrastructure cooperation with India, Afghanistan would prioritize tertiary health projects, including specialized hospital diagnostic centers, cancer treatment facilities and mother and child health care services with India.&nbsp;<h2>Capacity building</h2>&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: Capacity-building initiatives, such as training Afghan doctors and organizing medical camps like the Jaipur Foot Camp, have been discussed. What plans are in place to send Indian medical teams to Afghanistan or train more Afghan health professionals in India? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghanistan has been suffering in war and instability for 45 years. We have previously received medical support from India. The capacity building remains a top priority for Afghanistan, including training of conductors in India and travel of the Indian doctor delegation to Afghanistan to establish medical support camps and joint working groups.&nbsp;&nbsp;<h2>Ayurveda</h2> Sidhant Sibal: India and Afghanistan have explored cooperation in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and Unani. How do you envision integrating these with Afghanistan's health system? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: India has been engaged in multiple projects in Afghanistan. Some of these projects were incomplete projects from the past that India vowed to complete. When it comes to our cooperation with India in traditional medicine and Ayurveda, the cooperation with India can support research, regulation, safe integration of traditional medicine into our modern healthcare system. The meeting with India's counterpart, the Minister of Ayush, was very fruitful. We have received a lot of commitments from them. Some of them were establishing a Traditional Medicine Institute and Research Center in Afghanistan, also providing us technical support and the Indian curriculum to be replicated in our curriculum under the Minister of Public Health.<h2> Diversification</h2> Sidhant Sibal: Afghanistan has historically relied on multiple routes for medical imports. With recent disruptions in supplies from Pakistan, how has India stepped in to ensure uninterrupted access to essential pharmaceuticals? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: As you might be aware, Afghanistan is a landlocked country. Our market was controlled by six or seven countries, where Pakistan had a major market share. Due to the recent deterioration of our relationship, we were struggling with pharmaceutical supply to our market. India has helped to ensure continuity of essential supplies, alternatives routes, and solutions, and it has helped us to reduce dependency on a single corridor. During our visit to India, we have managed to meet several pharmaceutical production companies to work with them, filling the gap of pharmaceuticals and the Afghanistan market.&nbsp;<h2>Pakistan</h2> Sidhant Sibal: How is Afghanistan delinking itself from Pakistan on health care.Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghanistan has been through lots of hardship. However, we still do have good infrastructure in Afghanistan, we do have good doctors. But when it comes to the capacity building of our doctors and the supply of pharmaceuticals and equipment, we are trying to diversify our partnership with several countries. As we speak, my deputy minister for Food and Drug has traveled to another country. I have traveled here to India. So we are relying on India and other partners to fill in the gap that's there in our market.&nbsp;<h2>Fake Drug Issue</h2> Sidhant Sibal: Fake or low-quality pharmaceutical products entering Afghanistan, how big it is a worry Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: It is a serious concern, indeed, trying to strengthen regulation, inspection and laboratory testing to tackle this problem. Additionally, my deputy minister has had a trip to India previously, where we have spoken about mutual cooperation and tackling the fake and low quality medicine supply to our market. Since I've taken over the stewardship of the Ministry of Public Health, we have given this issue serious attention, and we have established a comprehensive structure within our food and drug authority to tackle this problem.<h2> Women's health care</h2> Sidhant Sibal: What is your take on women's access to health services? Reports say restrictions are present on women health care workers? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: When it comes to&nbsp;women's reach to the health services, I want to state that the Afghan nation is made of both women and men. Women also fall sick and they need health service. In&nbsp;Afghanistan's health sector, we have recruited a huge number of female health workers, starting right from midwives to specialist doctors. We are working on expanding the health coverage or outreach to both women and children in remote areas of Afghanistan. We are also trying to adjust health services according to our necessity, Afghan culture and Islamic principles&nbsp;<h2>India-Afghanistan ties</h2>&nbsp;Sidhant Sibal: Lets hope, India, Afghanistan have strong ties in future, and firm it upMawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: My&nbsp;visit to India, as I mentioned earlier, was the first visit of the Health Minister of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. I'm here to resolve the problems of my nation, and our relationship with India has resulted in outcomes beyond our expectations. I'm looking forward to expanding this partnership, because the relationship between India and Afghanistan is deep-rooted and people-centric, and it's based on humanitarian factors. I'm looking forward to expanding on this cooperation when it comes to pharmaceutical supplies to capacity building, and hospital infrastructure.

India has established a thalassaemia centre and a modern diagnostic centre at Kabul’s Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health. It will also construct a 30-bed hospital in Kabul’s Bagrami district, including an oncology centre, a trauma centre, and five maternity health clinics.

Afghanistan’s Minister of Public Health, Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali, has praised India’s long standing support for Afghan healthcare, highlighting medical visas as a “vital humanitarian channel” during a visit to New Delhi. Speaking exclusively to WION’s Sidhant Sibal, Jalali noted, “Afghans have been regularly traveling to India for medical treatment for a long time.” India has established a thalassaemia centre and a modern diagnostic centre and replaced the heating system at Kabul’s Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health. It will also construct a 30-bed hospital in Kabul’s Bagrami district, including an oncology centre, a trauma centre, and five maternity health clinics. Jalali welcomed India’s contributions to Afghan health infrastructure, describing the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health in Kabul as “one of the major paediatric hospitals in Afghanistan.” He said Afghanistan had “previously requested [the] honourable Indian Chargé d'affaires... regarding strengthening the infrastructure,” and received promises of a CT scan machine and further support. Around 75 prosthetic limbs (Jaipur foot) have been fitted for Afghan nationals, with India continuing to provide medical assistance and treatment. During Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi’s visit, India gifted 20 ambulances to Afghanistan. Full interview: India Ties Sidhant Sibal: How do you see India ties Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: I would like to convey my regards to viewers and listeners of WION. I've travelled to India for health issues and discussions. Afghanistan values its long standing and constructive relationship with India. Our engagement with India has traditionally been people centric, particularly in health, education and humanitarian assistance. We see India as an important regional partner and our current interaction reflects a mutual interest in pragmatic cooperation based on respect, humanitarian consideration and shared responsibility. Meeting with Indian Health Minister Sidhant Sibal: Following your recent visit to India and meetings with Union Health Minister JP Nadda, what specific new areas of cooperation in healthcare infrastructure and medical supplies have been agreed upon between Afghanistan and India? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: First of all, I would like to state that this was my first visit to India since the establishment of the Islamic Emirates of Afghanistan, I was the first health minister to travel to India. The discussions with His Excellency, the Minister of Health and Family Welfare, were focused on strengthening cooperation and health infrastructure, medical equipment support, regulatory coordination and capacity building. Both sides explored collaboration in hospital development, medical supply, pharmaceutical regulation and training of health professionals in India. Additionally, I've received promises on supply of oncological and cancer treatment medicines, which will be supplied on the immediate basis. Medical visas Sidhant Sibal: India continues to facilitate medical visas for Afghan patients in Indian hospitals. What are your views on expanding this program, and how many Afghan patients have benefited from it in 2025? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghans have been regularly traveling to India for medical treatment for a long time. Medical visas have been a vital humanitarian channel. We have recently seen many visas issued for Afghan nationals seeking medical treatment in India. While exact figures vary, thousands of Afghan patients have benefited from this channel in recent years. India's support to Afghan healthcare infra Sidhant Sibal: Projects like the Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health in Kabul, thalassemia centers, and diagnostic facilities have been supported by India. What further infrastructure projects would Afghanistan prioritize in collaboration with India? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Indira Gandhi hospital is one of the major pediatric hospitals in Afghanistan. We have previously requested honorable Indian Chargé d'affaires to Afghanistan regarding strengthening the infrastructure. We have received a promise of CT scan machine and infrastructure strengthening support to Indira Gandhi pediatric hospital. When it comes to overall infrastructure cooperation with India, Afghanistan would prioritize tertiary health projects, including specialized hospital diagnostic centers, cancer treatment facilities and mother and child health care services with India. Capacity building Sidhant Sibal: Capacity-building initiatives, such as training Afghan doctors and organizing medical camps like the Jaipur Foot Camp, have been discussed. What plans are in place to send Indian medical teams to Afghanistan or train more Afghan health professionals in India? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghanistan has been suffering in war and instability for 45 years. We have previously received medical support from India. The capacity building remains a top priority for Afghanistan, including training of conductors in India and travel of the Indian doctor delegation to Afghanistan to establish medical support camps and joint working groups. Ayurveda Sidhant Sibal: India and Afghanistan have explored cooperation in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and Unani. How do you envision integrating these with Afghanistan's health system? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: India has been engaged in multiple projects in Afghanistan. Some of these projects were incomplete projects from the past that India vowed to complete. When it comes to our cooperation with India in traditional medicine and Ayurveda, the cooperation with India can support research, regulation, safe integration of traditional medicine into our modern healthcare system. The meeting with India's counterpart, the Minister of Ayush, was very fruitful. We have received a lot of commitments from them. Some of them were establishing a Traditional Medicine Institute and Research Center in Afghanistan, also providing us technical support and the Indian curriculum to be replicated in our curriculum under the Minister of Public Health. Diversification Sidhant Sibal: Afghanistan has historically relied on multiple routes for medical imports. With recent disruptions in supplies from Pakistan, how has India stepped in to ensure uninterrupted access to essential pharmaceuticals? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: As you might be aware, Afghanistan is a landlocked country. Our market was controlled by six or seven countries, where Pakistan had a major market share. Due to the recent deterioration of our relationship, we were struggling with pharmaceutical supply to our market. India has helped to ensure continuity of essential supplies, alternatives routes, and solutions, and it has helped us to reduce dependency on a single corridor. During our visit to India, we have managed to meet several pharmaceutical production companies to work with them, filling the gap of pharmaceuticals and the Afghanistan market. Pakistan Sidhant Sibal: How is Afghanistan delinking itself from Pakistan on health care. Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: Afghanistan has been through lots of hardship. However, we still do have good infrastructure in Afghanistan, we do have good doctors. But when it comes to the capacity building of our doctors and the supply of pharmaceuticals and equipment, we are trying to diversify our partnership with several countries. As we speak, my deputy minister for Food and Drug has traveled to another country. I have traveled here to India. So we are relying on India and other partners to fill in the gap that's there in our market. Fake Drug Issue Sidhant Sibal: Fake or low-quality pharmaceutical products entering Afghanistan, how big it is a worry Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: It is a serious concern, indeed, trying to strengthen regulation, inspection and laboratory testing to tackle this problem. Additionally, my deputy minister has had a trip to India previously, where we have spoken about mutual cooperation and tackling the fake and low quality medicine supply to our market. Since I've taken over the stewardship of the Ministry of Public Health, we have given this issue serious attention, and we have established a comprehensive structure within our food and drug authority to tackle this problem. Women's health care Sidhant Sibal: What is your take on women's access to health services? Reports say restrictions are present on women health care workers? Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: When it comes to women's reach to the health services, I want to state that the Afghan nation is made of both women and men. Women also fall sick and they need health service. In Afghanistan's health sector, we have recruited a huge number of female health workers, starting right from midwives to specialist doctors. We are working on expanding the health coverage or outreach to both women and children in remote areas of Afghanistan. We are also trying to adjust health services according to our necessity, Afghan culture and Islamic principles India-Afghanistan ties Sidhant Sibal: Lets hope, India, Afghanistan have strong ties in future, and firm it up Mawlawi Noor Jalal Jalali: My visit to India, as I mentioned earlier, was the first visit of the Health Minister of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. I'm here to resolve the problems of my nation, and our relationship with India has resulted in outcomes beyond our expectations. I'm looking forward to expanding this partnership, because the relationship between India and Afghanistan is deep-rooted and people-centric, and it's based on humanitarian factors. I'm looking forward to expanding on this cooperation when it comes to pharmaceutical supplies to capacity building, and hospital infrastructure.

India has established a thalassaemia centre and a modern diagnostic centre at Kabul’s Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health. It will also construct a 30-bed hospital in Kabul’s Bagrami district, including an oncology centre, a trauma centre, and five maternity health clinics.

Afghan Health Minister Noor Jalal Jalali praises India’s ‘long-standing’ healthcare support

&nbsp;Türkiye has handed over the second of four advanced MILGEM-class corvettes (warships) to Pakistan, deepening a military partnership. At a ceremony in Istanbul on 20 December 2025, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan personally oversaw the commissioning of PNS Khaibar, describing the Türkiye-Pakistan bond as a "timeless brotherhood" rooted in shared history and destiny that would, "will, continue until the end of time."&nbsp;The vessel, equipped with sophisticated air defence systems, electronic warfare suites, and anti-ship missiles, boosts Pakistan's naval firepower. The first corvette, PNS Babur, entered service in 2024, while the remaining two, &nbsp;built in Pakistan with full technology transfer, are due in 2026 and 2027. "I wish these state-of-the-art vessels to be beneficial for the brotherly Pakistan Navy", the Turkish President was quoted as saying by Turkish outlet TRT.&nbsp;Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/india-voices-strong-concern-over-killing-of-minority-hindu-man-in-bangladesh-muhammad-yunus-sheikh-hasina-khaleda-zia-1766313930978">India voices ‘strong concern’ over killing of minority Hindu man in Bangladesh</a>&nbsp;This collaboration extends beyond hardware. It grants Pakistan intellectual property rights and design independence, paving the way for indigenous frigates like the emerging Jinnah-class. For Türkiye, the deal showcases its growing defence export prowess and aligns with the expansive "Blue Homeland" &nbsp;(Mavi Vatan) doctrine, which envisions influence stretching to the Arabian Sea.&nbsp;The emerging Türkiye-Pakistan naval axis could complicate maritime security for India in a strategically vital Indian Ocean region. Türkiye extended significant diplomatic and military support to Pakistan during and after India's Operation Sindoor in May 2025 after the Pahalgam terror attack by Pakistan-trained terrorists. Jointly developed YIHA kamikaze drones were used to attack India, which was thwarted successfully by the Indian side. Türkiye stood out as one of the few nations openly aligning with Pakistan's narrative, drawing sharp criticism from India.

The vessel, equipped with sophisticated air defence systems, electronic warfare suites, and anti-ship missiles, boosts Pakistan's naval firepower.

Türkiye has handed over the second of four advanced MILGEM-class corvettes (warships) to Pakistan, deepening a military partnership. At a ceremony in Istanbul on 20 December 2025, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan personally oversaw the commissioning of PNS Khaibar, describing the Türkiye-Pakistan bond as a "timeless brotherhood" rooted in shared history and destiny that would, "will, continue until the end of time." The vessel, equipped with sophisticated air defence systems, electronic warfare suites, and anti-ship missiles, boosts Pakistan's naval firepower. The first corvette, PNS Babur, entered service in 2024, while the remaining two, built in Pakistan with full technology transfer, are due in 2026 and 2027. "I wish these state-of-the-art vessels to be beneficial for the brotherly Pakistan Navy", the Turkish President was quoted as saying by Turkish outlet TRT. Also Read: India voices ‘strong concern’ over killing of minority Hindu man in Bangladesh This collaboration extends beyond hardware. It grants Pakistan intellectual property rights and design independence, paving the way for indigenous frigates like the emerging Jinnah-class. For Türkiye, the deal showcases its growing defence export prowess and aligns with the expansive "Blue Homeland" (Mavi Vatan) doctrine, which envisions influence stretching to the Arabian Sea. The emerging Türkiye-Pakistan naval axis could complicate maritime security for India in a strategically vital Indian Ocean region. Türkiye extended significant diplomatic and military support to Pakistan during and after India's Operation Sindoor in May 2025 after the Pahalgam terror attack by Pakistan-trained terrorists. Jointly developed YIHA kamikaze drones were used to attack India, which was thwarted successfully by the Indian side. Türkiye stood out as one of the few nations openly aligning with Pakistan's narrative, drawing sharp criticism from India.

The vessel, equipped with sophisticated air defence systems, electronic warfare suites, and anti-ship missiles, boosts Pakistan's naval firepower.

Erdogan oversees handover of second Turkish-built warship to Pakistan

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