A new study revealed that brain cell components began forming around 800 million years ago in shallow seas. Experts from Spain and Germany have discovered characteristics of specialised secretory cells in simple animals called placozoans.&nbsp;

These basic creatures have no organs and are roughly the size of a grain of sand, consisting of little more than a colony of different cell types. Placozoans once hunted microbes and browsed algae in the warm shallows of seas 800 million years ago.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/elon-musks-neuralink-to-start-human-trial-of-its-brain-implant-for-paralysis-patients-637924">Elon Musk's Neuralink gets OK for human trial of its brain implant for paralysis patients</a>

<h2>Parallels between neurons and 800 million years old cells</h2>

Centre for Genomic Regulation cell biologist Sebastián Najle and colleagues discovered these so-called peptidergic cells have a number of uncannily similar traits to the cells we owe our own smarts.

"We were astounded by the parallels," exclaims Najle.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/human-brain-works-even-after-death-scientists-show-in-a-study-637892">Human brain can work even after death, scientists show in new study</a>

"The placozoan peptidergic cells have many similarities to primitive neuronal cells, even if they aren't quite there yet. It's like looking at an evolutionary stepping stone."&nbsp;

After a genetic analysis was carried out, it was found that cells coordinated the tiny animal’s behaviours by releasing peptide signals much as neurons do.&nbsp;

The researchers identified 14 different types of peptide cells in the small marine animals. Comparing the tissues in four known placozoa species as well as with other early animals, the team found these cells even have some of the same genes as our neurons.

But there were a few differences between the two. The placozoan cells were missing specialised components that our neurons have to receive peptide signals or generate electrical signals. Instead, they use receptor proteins (GCPR) to receive the chemical messages, which are common across many animal cell types and not specific to neurons.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-curiosity-rover-reaches-mars-ridge-to-study-red-planets-watery-past-637891">NASA's Curiosity rover reaches Mars ridge to study Red Planet's watery past</a>

The genes of the peptide-releasing cells were highly conserved in all the placozoans, but absent in other early animals like sponges and comb jellies (ctenophores).

This suggests the peptide-secreting cells may have evolved before other neuron-like cells.

The first known modern neuron arose around 650 million years ago in the common ancestor of jellyfish and the bilaterian group of animals that led to us.

"Cells are the fundamental units of life, so understanding how they come into being or change over time is key to explain the evolutionary story of life. Placozoans, ctenophores, sponges and other non-traditional model animals harbour secrets that we are only just beginning to unlock," concludes evolutionary biologist Arnau Sebé-Pedros.

(With inputs from agencies) 
 
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A new study revealed that brain cell components began forming around 800 million years ago in shallow seas. Experts from Spain and Germany have discovered characteristics of specialised secretory cells in simple animals called placozoans.

A new study revealed that brain cell components began forming around 800 million years ago in shallow seas. Experts from Spain and Germany have discovered characteristics of specialised secretory cells in simple animals called placozoans. These basic creatures have no organs and are roughly the size of a grain of sand, consisting of little more than a colony of different cell types. Placozoans once hunted microbes and browsed algae in the warm shallows of seas 800 million years ago. Also Read | Elon Musk's Neuralink gets OK for human trial of its brain implant for paralysis patients Parallels between neurons and 800 million years old cells Centre for Genomic Regulation cell biologist Sebastián Najle and colleagues discovered these so-called peptidergic cells have a number of uncannily similar traits to the cells we owe our own smarts. "We were astounded by the parallels," exclaims Najle. Also Read | Human brain can work even after death, scientists show in new study "The placozoan peptidergic cells have many similarities to primitive neuronal cells, even if they aren't quite there yet. It's like looking at an evolutionary stepping stone." After a genetic analysis was carried out, it was found that cells coordinated the tiny animal’s behaviours by releasing peptide signals much as neurons do. The researchers identified 14 different types of peptide cells in the small marine animals. Comparing the tissues in four known placozoa species as well as with other early animals, the team found these cells even have some of the same genes as our neurons. But there were a few differences between the two. The placozoan cells were missing specialised components that our neurons have to receive peptide signals or generate electrical signals. Instead, they use receptor proteins (GCPR) to receive the chemical messages, which are common across many animal cell types and not specific to neurons. Also Read | NASA's Curiosity rover reaches Mars ridge to study Red Planet's watery past The genes of the peptide-releasing cells were highly conserved in all the placozoans, but absent in other early animals like sponges and comb jellies (ctenophores). This suggests the peptide-secreting cells may have evolved before other neuron-like cells. The first known modern neuron arose around 650 million years ago in the common ancestor of jellyfish and the bilaterian group of animals that led to us. "Cells are the fundamental units of life, so understanding how they come into being or change over time is key to explain the evolutionary story of life. Placozoans, ctenophores, sponges and other non-traditional model animals harbour secrets that we are only just beginning to unlock," concludes evolutionary biologist Arnau Sebé-Pedros. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Origins of brain cells found in 800 million-year-old creatures

Waking up early can be difficult for some people, as they argue that they are not a morning person but a night owl. But waking up early is more than just a person's nature. It takes commitment and some really easy daily lifestyle changes to help you wake up early, even if you are not a morning person.

The best way to successfully shift your sleep cycle is to do so gradually in 15- to 20-minute increments. Do not directly jump from waking up at 9:00 am to 7:00 am. Your body need time to adjust to new sleep cycle. 

What you eat and drink before bed has huge impact both on your sleep and the time you will wake up the next day. Eating too much spicy or salty food before bed can make you lethargic, that will eventually increase your sleep time. 

Get bright light first thing in the morning

It is best to have your bed by the side of a window, so that the natural morning light coming by the window can help wake you up early. People who sleep in a complete dark room, feel less energetic in the morning and find diffucult to leave the bed. 

Unplugging from smartphones and laptops about 30 minutes before bed can contribute to a better night of sleep. It is better to read a book or meditate. An earlier bedtime with zero interference from tech leave you more energized the next day.

Waking up early requires motivation, if you do not have anything planned for the next day, it become very diffcult to wake up early. It is best to make a to-do list a night prior, listing all the important tasks that you will do first thing in the morning. 

To avoid snoozing your alarm, place your phone or alarm clock across the room from where your bed is. This way, when your alarm goes off, you’ll be forced to get out of bed to silence it. Without the temptation of snoozing your alarm, you’ll be up.

6 Tips to Help you Wake Up Early

For the first time, researchers have captured detailed images of three iconic shipwrecks from World War II’s Battle of Midway, including close-ups of a Japanese aircraft carrier.

The deep-sea exploration discovered new details about the three shipwrecks that could help researchers better understand the critical turning point in World War II.

The three shipwrecks were recently explored by a crew aboard the Exploration Vessel Nautilus, according to the Ocean Exploration Trust, a non-profit organisation dedicated to seafloor exploration.

<h2>Three World War II ships surveyed for the first time since 1942</h2>

The group said that on September 10, a team spent 14 hours surveying Akagi, the Japanese Imperial Navy's carrier, noting it was "the first time anyone has laid eyes on the vessel since sinking during June 1942's Battle of Midway." The vessel was initially located during a mapping survey in 2019.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/azerbaijan-says-launching-anti-terror-operations-in-karabakh-637564">Azerbaijan says launching 'anti-terror operations' in Karabakh</a>

The two ships were the Japanese Imperial Navy’s Kaga and the USS Yorktown. The Yorktown was first located 25 years ago during a joint US Navy and National Geographic Society expedition led by Robert Ballard, the founder of Ocean Exploration Trust.&nbsp;

The crew used remote-controlled vessels to film the shipwrecks. Over 100 experts from the US, Japan and across the globe were connected to ship operations with video tech, “helping guide the mission and providing valuable real-time interpretations throughout the surveys.”

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The strong starboard list of USS Yorktown on the seafloor is seen in the flight deck, also collapsing towards the starboard side at the bow with an anti-aircraft gun tub below. (Credit: Ocean Exploration Trust, NOAA) <a href="https://t.co/xhFFC6zNRZ">pic.twitter.com/xhFFC6zNRZ</a>
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The expedition team said it completed "non-invasive visual surveys" of the wrecks during three deployments below 5,100 meters. The group said the mission marked the deepest remotely operated vehicle dive that the E/V Nautilus has ever completed.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/fewer-i-dos-ruin-the-party-for-chinas-500-billion-wedding-industry-637558">Fewer ‘I dos’ ruin the party for China’s $500 billion wedding industry</a>

"During over 43 hours at depth, we methodically circumnavigated these historic wrecks, bringing to light many features in great detail, including their armament, battle, and sinking-related damage," Daniel Wagner, the chief scientist for the Ocean Exploration Trust, said in a news release. &nbsp;"Many anti-aircraft guns were still pointing up, providing clues about the final moments on these iconic ships."

<h2>Battle of Midway</h2>

The Battle of Midway took place in June 1942 and went on for several days, about 1,300 miles northwest of Honolulu.

The Japanese Navy aimed to expand its reach in the Pacific Ocean by launching an attack on a US base on Midway Atoll, a small group of islands that were of strategic importance.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/ukraine-defies-russian-threat-sets-off-grain-vessel-from-black-sea-port-637555">Ukraine defies Russian threat, sets off grain vessel from Black Sea port</a>

US forces broke down the Japanese Navy’s code to prepare a counterattack, which ultimately devastated its fleet and helped America gain prominence in the Pacific, as per the Naval History and Heritage Command.&nbsp;

During this conflict between the two countries, seven major ships were sunk, including Akagi, Kaga and Yorktown.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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For the first time, researchers have captured detailed images of three iconic shipwrecks from World War II’s Battle of Midway, including close-ups of a Japanese aircraft carrier.

For the first time, researchers have captured detailed images of three iconic shipwrecks from World War II’s Battle of Midway, including close-ups of a Japanese aircraft carrier. The deep-sea exploration discovered new details about the three shipwrecks that could help researchers better understand the critical turning point in World War II. The three shipwrecks were recently explored by a crew aboard the Exploration Vessel Nautilus, according to the Ocean Exploration Trust, a non-profit organisation dedicated to seafloor exploration. Three World War II ships surveyed for the first time since 1942 The group said that on September 10, a team spent 14 hours surveying Akagi, the Japanese Imperial Navy's carrier, noting it was "the first time anyone has laid eyes on the vessel since sinking during June 1942's Battle of Midway." The vessel was initially located during a mapping survey in 2019. Also Read | Azerbaijan says launching 'anti-terror operations' in Karabakh The two ships were the Japanese Imperial Navy’s Kaga and the USS Yorktown. The Yorktown was first located 25 years ago during a joint US Navy and National Geographic Society expedition led by Robert Ballard, the founder of Ocean Exploration Trust. The crew used remote-controlled vessels to film the shipwrecks. Over 100 experts from the US, Japan and across the globe were connected to ship operations with video tech, “helping guide the mission and providing valuable real-time interpretations throughout the surveys.” These photos were captured by #ROVAtalanta on September 9-10: The strong starboard list of USS Yorktown on the seafloor is seen in the flight deck, also collapsing towards the starboard side at the bow with an anti-aircraft gun tub below. (Credit: Ocean Exploration Trust, NOAA) pic.twitter.com/xhFFC6zNRZ — E/V Nautilus (@EVNautilus) September 18, 2023 × The expedition team said it completed "non-invasive visual surveys" of the wrecks during three deployments below 5,100 meters. The group said the mission marked the deepest remotely operated vehicle dive that the E/V Nautilus has ever completed. Also Read | Fewer ‘I dos’ ruin the party for China’s $500 billion wedding industry "During over 43 hours at depth, we methodically circumnavigated these historic wrecks, bringing to light many features in great detail, including their armament, battle, and sinking-related damage," Daniel Wagner, the chief scientist for the Ocean Exploration Trust, said in a news release. "Many anti-aircraft guns were still pointing up, providing clues about the final moments on these iconic ships." Battle of Midway The Battle of Midway took place in June 1942 and went on for several days, about 1,300 miles northwest of Honolulu. The Japanese Navy aimed to expand its reach in the Pacific Ocean by launching an attack on a US base on Midway Atoll, a small group of islands that were of strategic importance. Also Read | Ukraine defies Russian threat, sets off grain vessel from Black Sea port US forces broke down the Japanese Navy’s code to prepare a counterattack, which ultimately devastated its fleet and helped America gain prominence in the Pacific, as per the Naval History and Heritage Command. During this conflict between the two countries, seven major ships were sunk, including Akagi, Kaga and Yorktown. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

New details about 3 iconic shipwrecks from WWII's Battle of Midway discovered

Human minds have always been curious about life after death, what’s there on the other side. For years, we have been working to find answers to these questions, but haven’t been really able to crack the code. However,&nbsp;scientists now have reached half way through as they have found that a human brain keeps working long after dying even when the heart stops.

For centuries, scientists and researchers have believed that dying is not the end of brain activity. This is the first time that it has been proven right now.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/when-was-the-universes-first-continent-formed-scientist-offers-clues-637742">When was the universe's first continent formed? Scientist offers clues</a>

A major study, led by researchers from New York University Grossman School of Medicine, has identified potential flickers in the minds of cardiac arrest patients as medical staff attempt to revive them.

<h2>Human brain remains alive long after heart stop working</h2>

This study was a follow&nbsp;up of a previous investigation into near-death experiences. The study aimed to explore the experiences of patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in hospitals across the US and UK.&nbsp;

A pilot sub-study involved monitoring electroencephalogram (EEG) activity and cerebral oxygen levels during CPR offering a glimpse into the diminishing consciousness of those on the brink of dying.&nbsp;

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Among the 567 patients selected for the study, only 213 regained a pulse. Alarmingly, a mere 53 of them survived to be discharged, with a scant 28 deemed healthy enough to participate in follow-up interviews recalling their experience while dying. The study was led by Sam Parnia, a scientist obsessed with uncovering the mysteries of dying.&nbsp;

Interestingly, none of the 28 patients who escaped from dying and were later interviewed could recall the images on the tablet or the sounds from the headphones. But their brains appeared to exhibit some degree of activity.&nbsp;

Survivors reported fragmented recollections of their resuscitation, including the sensation of chest compressions, the presence of electrodes on their skin, and the auditory perception of voices from the medical team.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-vikram-lander-might-wake-up-again-on-sep-22-after-lunar-night-heres-what-can-happen-next-637791">Chandrayaan-3: Will Vikram lander wake up on Sep 22 after lunar night? Here's what can happen next</a>

Real-time brain monitoring data further supported the hypothesis that neurological activity could persist after dying despite impaired cardiac function.

Dr. Parnia commented on the findings, stating that even though the previous assumption was that the brain suffered permanent damage 10 minutes after the heart ceases, the study discovered the brain could show signs of activity much longer. He concluded by saying, “This is the first large study to show that these recollections and brain wave changes may be signs of universal, shared elements of so-called near-death experiences.”

(With inputs from agencies) 
 
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Human minds have always been curious about life after death, what’s there on the other side. For years, we have been working to find answers to these questions, but haven’t been really able to crack the code.

Human minds have always been curious about life after death, what’s there on the other side. For years, we have been working to find answers to these questions, but haven’t been really able to crack the code. However, scientists now have reached half way through as they have found that a human brain keeps working long after dying even when the heart stops. For centuries, scientists and researchers have believed that dying is not the end of brain activity. This is the first time that it has been proven right now. Also Read | When was the universe's first continent formed? Scientist offers clues A major study, led by researchers from New York University Grossman School of Medicine, has identified potential flickers in the minds of cardiac arrest patients as medical staff attempt to revive them. Human brain remains alive long after heart stop working This study was a follow up of a previous investigation into near-death experiences. The study aimed to explore the experiences of patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in hospitals across the US and UK. A pilot sub-study involved monitoring electroencephalogram (EEG) activity and cerebral oxygen levels during CPR offering a glimpse into the diminishing consciousness of those on the brink of dying. Also Read | Zombie ants? Apparently, a parasite can do that by capturing the brains of ants Among the 567 patients selected for the study, only 213 regained a pulse. Alarmingly, a mere 53 of them survived to be discharged, with a scant 28 deemed healthy enough to participate in follow-up interviews recalling their experience while dying. The study was led by Sam Parnia, a scientist obsessed with uncovering the mysteries of dying. Interestingly, none of the 28 patients who escaped from dying and were later interviewed could recall the images on the tablet or the sounds from the headphones. But their brains appeared to exhibit some degree of activity. Survivors reported fragmented recollections of their resuscitation, including the sensation of chest compressions, the presence of electrodes on their skin, and the auditory perception of voices from the medical team. Also Read | Chandrayaan-3: Will Vikram lander wake up on Sep 22 after lunar night? Here's what can happen next Real-time brain monitoring data further supported the hypothesis that neurological activity could persist after dying despite impaired cardiac function. Dr. Parnia commented on the findings, stating that even though the previous assumption was that the brain suffered permanent damage 10 minutes after the heart ceases, the study discovered the brain could show signs of activity much longer. He concluded by saying, “This is the first large study to show that these recollections and brain wave changes may be signs of universal, shared elements of so-called near-death experiences.” (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Human brain keeps working long after death, scientists show in new study

The UK has been hit by a swarm of shoplifters, causing a major hit in the profit margins of various local stores and market chains. To counter a “torrent of theft”, a coalition of British retail industry groups and shopworkers union USDAW has written to police officials in England and Wales.

The British Retail Consortium estimates the cost of theft in the sector has reached 1 billion pounds ($1.24 billion) a year. The local convenience stores are reporting the highest levels of shop theft recorded in the last decade.

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<h2>Local retail shops and supermarkets in UK are being hit by “epidemic” of theft</h2>

As per John Lewis Partnership, owner of department stores and Waitrose supermarkets, Britain is seeing an “epidemic” of shoplifting.&nbsp;

Clothing chain Primark also said that its profit margins had been hit by increased theft, while supermarket Tesco said rising store crime had led it to offer its staff body-cams.&nbsp;

In the letter to the Police and Crime Commissioners, the industry groups called on forces to make it easier for retailers to report crime and share evidence such as CCTV footage.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/once-extinct-scientists-one-step-closer-to-resurrecting-tasmanian-tiger-637805">Scientists one step closer to resurrecting Tasmanian tiger that went extinct 100 years ago</a>

They also want police resources to target getting prolific repeat offenders off the streets and want forces to prioritise collecting evidence of violent attacks against shopworkers.

"Shop theft is far from a minor crime, it is the primary trigger for violence and abuse of shopworkers and often committed by prolific offenders or organised crime gangs," the letter, also signed by the Association of Convenience Stores, the British Independent Retail Association, the Federation of Small Businesses and the National Federation of Retail Newsagents, read.

Watch |&nbsp;Cost of living crisis in UK: 10% young adults admit shoplifting, says survey

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The Association of Police and Crime Commissioners' lead for business and retail, Sussex PCC Katy Bourne, said she understood the retail sector's frustration and is working with the police to improve their response.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/global-debt-reaches-record-high-of-307-trillion-as-debt-ratios-are-rising-iif-637768">Global debt reaches record high of $307 trillion, as debt ratios are rising: IIF</a>

"From the many businesses I have met it is sadly evident that, too often, the policing response they have received – assuming they got one - is not what they expect," she said.

But she also said that police forces face a huge daily demand on their finite resources.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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The UK has been hit by a swarm of shoplifters, causing a major hit in the profit margins of various local stores and market chains. To counter a “torrent of theft”, a coalition of British retail industry groups and shopworkers union USDAW has written to police officials in England and Wales.

The UK has been hit by a swarm of shoplifters, causing a major hit in the profit margins of various local stores and market chains. To counter a “torrent of theft”, a coalition of British retail industry groups and shopworkers union USDAW has written to police officials in England and Wales. The British Retail Consortium estimates the cost of theft in the sector has reached 1 billion pounds ($1.24 billion) a year. The local convenience stores are reporting the highest levels of shop theft recorded in the last decade. Also Read | Video | Tornado wreaks havoc in China, officials issue warning Local retail shops and supermarkets in UK are being hit by “epidemic” of theft As per John Lewis Partnership, owner of department stores and Waitrose supermarkets, Britain is seeing an “epidemic” of shoplifting. Clothing chain Primark also said that its profit margins had been hit by increased theft, while supermarket Tesco said rising store crime had led it to offer its staff body-cams. In the letter to the Police and Crime Commissioners, the industry groups called on forces to make it easier for retailers to report crime and share evidence such as CCTV footage. Also Read | Scientists one step closer to resurrecting Tasmanian tiger that went extinct 100 years ago They also want police resources to target getting prolific repeat offenders off the streets and want forces to prioritise collecting evidence of violent attacks against shopworkers. "Shop theft is far from a minor crime, it is the primary trigger for violence and abuse of shopworkers and often committed by prolific offenders or organised crime gangs," the letter, also signed by the Association of Convenience Stores, the British Independent Retail Association, the Federation of Small Businesses and the National Federation of Retail Newsagents, read. Watch | Cost of living crisis in UK: 10% young adults admit shoplifting, says survey × The Association of Police and Crime Commissioners' lead for business and retail, Sussex PCC Katy Bourne, said she understood the retail sector's frustration and is working with the police to improve their response. Also Read | Global debt reaches record high of $307 trillion, as debt ratios are rising: IIF "From the many businesses I have met it is sadly evident that, too often, the policing response they have received – assuming they got one - is not what they expect," she said. But she also said that police forces face a huge daily demand on their finite resources. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Retailers in UK ask police to crack down on shoplifters amid 'epidemic' of theft

Chandrayaan-3: India’s lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3 touched down on the Moon’s surface successfully on August 23. Since then, Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander and Pragyan rover conducted studies on the surface and revealed various findings.&nbsp;

All the in-situ experiments on the lunar surface were conducted in a span of 14 Earth days, after which the Vikram lander and Pragyan rover were put to sleep mode on September 4. The lander and rover are expected to awake around September 22, as per the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/congress-claims-words-socialist-and-secular-missing-from-new-constitution-copies-ruling-party-responds-637772">Congress claims words 'socialist and secular' missing from new Constitution copies, ruling party responds</a>

<h2>Will Vikram lander wake up again on September 22?</h2>

The Pragyan rover was put on sleep mode with the sunset on the moon. The data from all the payloads was transmitted to the Earth via Vikram lander, ISRO said.&nbsp;

The battery of Chandrayaan-3 is fully charged and the solar panel will receive the light at the next sunrise on the Moon expected on September 22. Vikram and Pragyan were designed to have one lunar day lifetime (i.e. 14 Earth days), but&nbsp;they might still wake up on the next sunrise. And if they do not wake on September 22, then&nbsp;they will "forever stay there as India's lunar ambassador," ISRO wrote on X.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-other-allies-refused-to-join-canada-in-condemning-india-over-hardeep-singh-nijjars-death-report-637744">US, other allies refused to join Canada in condemning India over Hardeep Singh Nijjar’s death: Report</a>

While Vikram lander remained at the position where it landed, the Pragyan rover rolled out of the lander hours after landing and started taking a walk on the lunar soil - being the first ever to tread on the South Pole of&nbsp;the Moon.

<h2>Why was Vikram lander put to sleep?</h2>

Vikram lander was put in sleep mode on September 4 so it could survive the harsh environment of the lunar night. On lunar night, which lasts for 14 days, the Moon is filled with immense darkness and freezing temperatures of nearly -200 degrees. It is quite unlikely for technical equipment to survive in such a harsh climate.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-says-a-brain-altering-parasite-turns-ants-into-zombies-637765">Study says a brain-altering parasite turns ants into 'zombies'</a>

Pragyan rover is equipped with heaters, called radioisotope heater units (RHU), which work passively, radiating heat to keep the hardware onboard spacecraft at sustainable operating temperatures. These heaters are an essential part of space missions that convert heat generated from the natural decay of radioactive versions of plutonium or polonium into electrical power.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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Chandrayaan-3: India’s lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3 touched down on the Moon’s surface successfully on August 23. Since then, Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander and Pragyan rover conducted studies on the surface and revealed various findings.

Chandrayaan-3: India’s lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3 touched down on the Moon’s surface successfully on August 23. Since then, Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander and Pragyan rover conducted studies on the surface and revealed various findings. All the in-situ experiments on the lunar surface were conducted in a span of 14 Earth days, after which the Vikram lander and Pragyan rover were put to sleep mode on September 4. The lander and rover are expected to awake around September 22, as per the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Also Read | Congress claims words 'socialist and secular' missing from new Constitution copies, ruling party responds Will Vikram lander wake up again on September 22? The Pragyan rover was put on sleep mode with the sunset on the moon. The data from all the payloads was transmitted to the Earth via Vikram lander, ISRO said. The battery of Chandrayaan-3 is fully charged and the solar panel will receive the light at the next sunrise on the Moon expected on September 22. Vikram and Pragyan were designed to have one lunar day lifetime (i.e. 14 Earth days), but they might still wake up on the next sunrise. And if they do not wake on September 22, then they will "forever stay there as India's lunar ambassador," ISRO wrote on X. Also Read | US, other allies refused to join Canada in condemning India over Hardeep Singh Nijjar’s death: Report While Vikram lander remained at the position where it landed, the Pragyan rover rolled out of the lander hours after landing and started taking a walk on the lunar soil - being the first ever to tread on the South Pole of the Moon. Why was Vikram lander put to sleep? Vikram lander was put in sleep mode on September 4 so it could survive the harsh environment of the lunar night. On lunar night, which lasts for 14 days, the Moon is filled with immense darkness and freezing temperatures of nearly -200 degrees. It is quite unlikely for technical equipment to survive in such a harsh climate. Also Read | Study says a brain-altering parasite turns ants into 'zombies' Pragyan rover is equipped with heaters, called radioisotope heater units (RHU), which work passively, radiating heat to keep the hardware onboard spacecraft at sustainable operating temperatures. These heaters are an essential part of space missions that convert heat generated from the natural decay of radioactive versions of plutonium or polonium into electrical power. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Chandrayaan-3: Will Vikram lander wake up on Sep 22 after lunar night? Here's what can happen next

Anulom Vilom pranayama is a breathing technique and it helps remove the congestion of the nasal passage. It aids free flow of air. It also improves blood flow to the brain and boosts immunity.

The Cobra Pose opens up the lungs and invigorates the heart. It works great as a stress relief mechanism. This is one of the best yoga poses for sinus relief as it opens up your lungs and makes breathing easier.

Ustrasana or the camel pose is another yoga asana that you could practice to get relief from sinusitis. It removes the stuffiness in your nasal passage and also improves digestion and eyesight.

Bhastrika Pranayama is another breathing technique to get relief from sinusitis. It removes the congestion and treats sore throat and cold. It also increases your appetite.

Setu Bandhasana helps relieve stress in the back and stimulates the chest and hyoid glands. Since the heart is stimulated, this positively fills in the heart chambers with easy oxygenated blood and aids in alleviating such conditions.

Adho Mukha Svanasana (Downward-Facing Pose)

This pose stretches your neck and spine releasing pressure in those areas. It is one of the breathing techniques that give respite from nasal congestion and improves respiratory health.

6 Easy Yogasanas for Sinus Relief

NASA scientists have revealed that they are in the last leg of their mission to avert a possible asteroid hitting the Earth, 159 years from now. Experts believe that the asteroid, named Bennu could hit the Earth on 24 September 2182.&nbsp;

This catastrophic event, however, has a 1 in 2,700 possibility of striking&nbsp;Earth, but experts are taking no chances and are&nbsp;concerned about the slight&nbsp;probability. So much so, that, seven years ago, NASA launched a spacecraft to Bennu in order to collect samples in the hope of obtaining some data that can help in averting the catastrophe, if and when it happens.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sea-ice-around-antarctica-recedes-to-historically-low-levels-scientists-636821">Sea ice around Antarctica recedes to historically low levels: Scientists</a>

<h2>Bennu asteroid</h2>

The asteroid was discovered back in 1999&nbsp;and passes close to Earth about every six years, as per NASA. The space rock is believed to be the same size as the Empire State Building with the force of 22 atom bombs.&nbsp;

In 2020, NASA’s OSIRIS-Rex spacecraft descended on the surface of asteroid Bennu and collected rocky material&nbsp;from a sample site, named Nightingale during its Touch-and-Go (TAG) sample collection manoeuvre.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-james-webb-captures-rare-image-of-a-newborn-sun-like-star-636588">NASA's James Webb Telescope captures rare image of a newborn sun-like star</a>

Scientists believe that Bennu, an ancient relic of our solar system, has seen more than 4.5 billion years of history.&nbsp;

Naming of asteroid Bennu- Its original designation was 1999 RQ36. It was in 2013&nbsp;that the name was changed to Bennu after a third-grade student named Michael Puzio won a contest to name the asteroid.&nbsp;

<h2>NASA’s plan to avert Earth-asteroid Bennu collision</h2>

Rich Burns, project manager for OSIRIS-REx at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, told the Sunday Telegraph: “We are now in the final leg of this seven-year journey, and it feels very much like the last few miles of a marathon, with a confluence of emotions like pride and joy coexisting with a determined focus to complete the race well.”

But what is this plan that took NASA scientists seven years?

The asteroid samples from the OSIRIS-REx mission will reach Earth next week, entering the Earth’s atmosphere at around 3.42 pm BST Sunday.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/severe-covid-infection-linked-to-genes-inherited-from-neanderthal-ancestors-637046">Severe Covid infection linked to genes inherited from Neanderthal ancestors</a>

A fridge-sized capsule containing the samples will be fired to Earth from the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft once it reaches a distance of 63,000 miles from the planet. It will then travel towards Earth at a speed of nearly 28,000 mph and reach temperatures twice as hot as lava.&nbsp;

Before touching down in the Utah desert, parachutes will be deployed to slow the capsule down to 11mph so it can land safely at the Department of Defense’s Utah Test and Training Range southwest of Salt Lake City.

In order to avoid contaminating the samples from Bennu, the recovery team must retrieve the capsule from the ground as quickly as possible.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/worlds-first-fox-dog-hybrid-has-passed-away-636592">World's first Fox-Dog hybrid has passed away</a>

Findings from the mission might not only protect the planet from a catastrophic collision but also hold secrets about the origin of life on Earth.

The mission echoes the 1998 Bruce Willis film Armageddon. In the film, Willis stops an asteroid the size of Texas from hitting Earth by landing on it and splitting it in two with a nuclear bomb.

(With inputs from agencies)

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NASA scientists have revealed that they are in the last leg of their mission to avert a possible asteroid hitting the Earth, 159 years from now. Experts believe that the asteroid, named Bennu could hit the Earth on 24 September 2182.

NASA scientists have revealed that they are in the last leg of their mission to avert a possible asteroid hitting the Earth, 159 years from now. Experts believe that the asteroid, named Bennu could hit the Earth on 24 September 2182. This catastrophic event, however, has a 1 in 2,700 possibility of striking Earth, but experts are taking no chances and are concerned about the slight probability. So much so, that, seven years ago, NASA launched a spacecraft to Bennu in order to collect samples in the hope of obtaining some data that can help in averting the catastrophe, if and when it happens. Also Read | Sea ice around Antarctica recedes to historically low levels: Scientists Bennu asteroid The asteroid was discovered back in 1999 and passes close to Earth about every six years, as per NASA. The space rock is believed to be the same size as the Empire State Building with the force of 22 atom bombs. In 2020, NASA’s OSIRIS-Rex spacecraft descended on the surface of asteroid Bennu and collected rocky material from a sample site, named Nightingale during its Touch-and-Go (TAG) sample collection manoeuvre. Also Read | NASA's James Webb Telescope captures rare image of a newborn sun-like star Scientists believe that Bennu, an ancient relic of our solar system, has seen more than 4.5 billion years of history. Naming of asteroid Bennu- Its original designation was 1999 RQ36. It was in 2013 that the name was changed to Bennu after a third-grade student named Michael Puzio won a contest to name the asteroid. NASA’s plan to avert Earth-asteroid Bennu collision Rich Burns, project manager for OSIRIS-REx at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, told the Sunday Telegraph: “We are now in the final leg of this seven-year journey, and it feels very much like the last few miles of a marathon, with a confluence of emotions like pride and joy coexisting with a determined focus to complete the race well.” But what is this plan that took NASA scientists seven years? The asteroid samples from the OSIRIS-REx mission will reach Earth next week, entering the Earth’s atmosphere at around 3.42 pm BST Sunday. Also Read | Severe Covid infection linked to genes inherited from Neanderthal ancestors A fridge-sized capsule containing the samples will be fired to Earth from the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft once it reaches a distance of 63,000 miles from the planet. It will then travel towards Earth at a speed of nearly 28,000 mph and reach temperatures twice as hot as lava. Before touching down in the Utah desert, parachutes will be deployed to slow the capsule down to 11mph so it can land safely at the Department of Defense’s Utah Test and Training Range southwest of Salt Lake City. In order to avoid contaminating the samples from Bennu, the recovery team must retrieve the capsule from the ground as quickly as possible. Also Read | World's first Fox-Dog hybrid has passed away Findings from the mission might not only protect the planet from a catastrophic collision but also hold secrets about the origin of life on Earth. The mission echoes the 1998 Bruce Willis film Armageddon. In the film, Willis stops an asteroid the size of Texas from hitting Earth by landing on it and splitting it in two with a nuclear bomb. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

An asteroid might collide with Earth in the year 2182, and scientists are working to avoid it

The already declining ties between India and Canada have been impacted further by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s allegations that "Indian government agents" were involved in the killing of a Khalistani terrorist. Trudeau told the House of Commons on Monday (Sep 18) that India is involved in the June 18 death of Hardeep Singh Nijjar.

Indian government declined all such allegations as baseless and motivated even as the two nations expelled one diplomat each in tit-for-tat moves.&nbsp;

This ongoing tussle between the two countries is mainly over the Khalistan separatist movement, which once had a stronghold in India's northern state of Punjab, and has now been reignited miles away in Canada.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/un-atomic-agency-japan-agree-on-continuous-safety-review-of-discharge-of-water-from-fukushima-plant-637449">UN atomic agency, Japan agree on continuous safety review of discharge of water from Fukushima plant</a>

<h2>Khalistan separatist movement: An ideology that travelled from India to Canada</h2>

Khalistan separatist movement started in Punjab in the early 1980s, with the idea of seeking an independent, theocratic Sikh state called&nbsp;Khalistan, of ‘Land of the Pure’ in Punjab and other parts of Northern India.

The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary among different groups.&nbsp;Some claim the entire Indian state of Punjab, while others claim Pakistani Punjab and other parts of North India such as Chandigarh, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/covid-19-booster-in-uk-check-who-is-eligible-for-vaccine-and-how-can-you-book-it-637431">COVID-19 Booster in UK: Check who is eligible for vaccine and how to book it?</a>

The roots of Khalistan lie in the British colonial policies of the late 1800s and early 1900s that sought to divide Sikhs and Hindus.

Sikhs were recruited into the British Army in large numbers to use against Hindu rulers who rebelled against the British Raj. &nbsp;

Subsequently, after Indian independence in 1947, tensions between the state of Punjab and the central Indian government surfaced, leading to grievances amongst many Sikhs against the Indian government.

The emigration of Sikhs into Canada started in the first decade of the 20th century. Soldiers in the British Army passing through British Columbia were attracted by the fertile land they saw. By the 1970s, Sikhs were a visible section of Canadian society.

This time, there was scant sentiment regarding a Sikh homeland.

Watch |&nbsp;Gravitas Plus: Is the West reigniting the Khalistan movement?

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The Khalistan movement peaked in the 1980s-90s and the violent campaign included bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and selective killing and massacres of civilians, mostly in Punjab.

The violence took on an international dimension in 1985 when Khalistani separatists based in Canada exploded a bomb on 'Kanishka', an Air India flight en route from Toronto to New Delhi, killing all 329 people on board, including 82 children under the age of 13. That incident remains the deadliest terrorist attack in Canadian history.

In response to the movement, and in an attempt to end militancy in the state, Indian security forces and local Punjab police responded with force.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/high-five-for-isros-slingshot-technique-as-aditya-l1-leaves-earth-orbit-for-its-destination-637459">High-five for ISRO's 'slingshot technique' as Aditya-L1 leaves Earth orbit for its destination</a>

While Canadian intelligence grasped the potential domestic threat Khalistani elements could pose, there was little political appetite for acknowledging the Kanishka bombing as a Canadian tragedy.

By the end of the 1990s, the Khalistani movement in India was almost in its last leg, but it grew in Canada.&nbsp;

The movement gained true revival when Justin Trudeau came to power with several pro-Khalistani groups supporting his Liberal Party in the 2015 federal elections.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/explained-hardeep-singh-nijjars-murder-and-the-very-fraught-india-canada-ties-whats-the-future-637465">Explained: Hardeep Singh Nijjar's murder and the 'very fraught' India-Canada ties. What's the future?</a>

Canada’s stance on free speech and openness steered the movement further and leveraged groups like Sikhs for Justice (SFJ) for its so-called Khalistan Referendum.&nbsp;

Canadian PM's recent remark in the House of Commons will be seen as a validation of&nbsp;SFJ's accusations that&nbsp;India is behind Nijjar's killing.

This will embolden such elements and put India-Canada relations at stake.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The already declining ties between India and Canada have been impacted further by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s allegations that "Indian government agents" were involved in the killing of a Khalistani terrorist.

The already declining ties between India and Canada have been impacted further by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s allegations that "Indian government agents" were involved in the killing of a Khalistani terrorist. Trudeau told the House of Commons on Monday (Sep 18) that India is involved in the June 18 death of Hardeep Singh Nijjar. Indian government declined all such allegations as baseless and motivated even as the two nations expelled one diplomat each in tit-for-tat moves. This ongoing tussle between the two countries is mainly over the Khalistan separatist movement, which once had a stronghold in India's northern state of Punjab, and has now been reignited miles away in Canada. Also Read | UN atomic agency, Japan agree on continuous safety review of discharge of water from Fukushima plant Khalistan separatist movement: An ideology that travelled from India to Canada Khalistan separatist movement started in Punjab in the early 1980s, with the idea of seeking an independent, theocratic Sikh state called Khalistan, of ‘Land of the Pure’ in Punjab and other parts of Northern India. The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary among different groups. Some claim the entire Indian state of Punjab, while others claim Pakistani Punjab and other parts of North India such as Chandigarh, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. Also Read | COVID-19 Booster in UK: Check who is eligible for vaccine and how to book it? The roots of Khalistan lie in the British colonial policies of the late 1800s and early 1900s that sought to divide Sikhs and Hindus. Sikhs were recruited into the British Army in large numbers to use against Hindu rulers who rebelled against the British Raj. Subsequently, after Indian independence in 1947, tensions between the state of Punjab and the central Indian government surfaced, leading to grievances amongst many Sikhs against the Indian government. The emigration of Sikhs into Canada started in the first decade of the 20th century. Soldiers in the British Army passing through British Columbia were attracted by the fertile land they saw. By the 1970s, Sikhs were a visible section of Canadian society. This time, there was scant sentiment regarding a Sikh homeland. Watch | Gravitas Plus: Is the West reigniting the Khalistan movement? × The Khalistan movement peaked in the 1980s-90s and the violent campaign included bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and selective killing and massacres of civilians, mostly in Punjab. The violence took on an international dimension in 1985 when Khalistani separatists based in Canada exploded a bomb on 'Kanishka', an Air India flight en route from Toronto to New Delhi, killing all 329 people on board, including 82 children under the age of 13. That incident remains the deadliest terrorist attack in Canadian history. In response to the movement, and in an attempt to end militancy in the state, Indian security forces and local Punjab police responded with force. Also Read | High-five for ISRO's 'slingshot technique' as Aditya-L1 leaves Earth orbit for its destination While Canadian intelligence grasped the potential domestic threat Khalistani elements could pose, there was little political appetite for acknowledging the Kanishka bombing as a Canadian tragedy. By the end of the 1990s, the Khalistani movement in India was almost in its last leg, but it grew in Canada. The movement gained true revival when Justin Trudeau came to power with several pro-Khalistani groups supporting his Liberal Party in the 2015 federal elections. Also Read | Explained: Hardeep Singh Nijjar's murder and the 'very fraught' India-Canada ties. What's the future? Canada’s stance on free speech and openness steered the movement further and leveraged groups like Sikhs for Justice (SFJ) for its so-called Khalistan Referendum. Canadian PM's recent remark in the House of Commons will be seen as a validation of SFJ's accusations that India is behind Nijjar's killing. This will embolden such elements and put India-Canada relations at stake. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

What is Khalistan separatist movement, how did the ideology travel from India to Canada?

Amid&nbsp;heavy downpour and flash flooding in Atlanta on September 14, two locals emerged as heroes who rescued a trapped driver. Atlanta Police Officer Rayando Bryan and Atlanta Fire Rescue Department Captain Terrance Simon are being hailed for their courageous act.

A viral video captured by Officer Bryan’s body camera showed the officer and fire Captain Simon breaking the window of the Chevy Malibu and pulling the man to safety.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/full-time-remote-workers-slash-emissions-by-54-compared-to-office-goers-637417">Remote work is great for the environment as emissions are massively reduced</a>

“That man’s life was on the line,” said the 46-year-old Simon, who waded into chest-high water to save the ride-share driver from drowning.

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9/14/23 Atlanta experienced major rainfall &amp; significant flooding. An APD Officer &amp; AFRD Captain saved a man from a car that was partially submerged in standing water. We’re proud of the actions of AFRD Captain Terrance Simon &amp; APD Officer Rayando Bryan. Training is critical. <a href="https://t.co/kI0fc6Eu0u">pic.twitter.com/kI0fc6Eu0u</a>
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Bryan, who was also called to the scene, used his police baton to break the car’s window while Simon pulled him out.

The water was so deep it lifted the sedan off the ground and made it impossible to open the door, both officers said Monday. Another woman riding in the driver’s vehicle managed to get out before the water got too high, authorities said.

In the video, the first responders can be seen surrounded by trash and floating debris as they work to free the driver of the flooded sedan from the rising floodwater. They eventually pulled the man out to safety.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/apple-launches-ios-17-check-new-features-upgrades-and-how-to-download-637461">Apple launches iOS 17: Check new features, upgrades and how to download</a>

“He was just worn out and he was overwhelmed,” Simon said of the trapped driver. “We were getting to be overwhelmed as well, because we had been out there for a few minutes and we had water that was well over 4 ½ feet.”

Footage from security cameras outside the public safety centre showed just how quickly the streets filled with water as the storm raged. It came rushing in like a river, flooding the parking lot and lifting orange parking barricades. Several city vehicles in the lot were stranded, too.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Amid heavy downpour and flash flooding in Atlanta on September 14, two locals emerged as heroes who rescued a trapped driver. Atlanta Police Officer Rayando Bryan and Atlanta Fire Rescue Department Captain Terrance Simon are being hailed for their courageous act.

Amid heavy downpour and flash flooding in Atlanta on September 14, two locals emerged as heroes who rescued a trapped driver. Atlanta Police Officer Rayando Bryan and Atlanta Fire Rescue Department Captain Terrance Simon are being hailed for their courageous act. A viral video captured by Officer Bryan’s body camera showed the officer and fire Captain Simon breaking the window of the Chevy Malibu and pulling the man to safety. Also Read | Remote work is great for the environment as emissions are massively reduced “That man’s life was on the line,” said the 46-year-old Simon, who waded into chest-high water to save the ride-share driver from drowning. 9/14/23 Atlanta experienced major rainfall & significant flooding. An APD Officer & AFRD Captain saved a man from a car that was partially submerged in standing water. We’re proud of the actions of AFRD Captain Terrance Simon & APD Officer Rayando Bryan. Training is critical. pic.twitter.com/kI0fc6Eu0u — Atlanta Police Department (@Atlanta_Police) September 16, 2023 × Bryan, who was also called to the scene, used his police baton to break the car’s window while Simon pulled him out. The water was so deep it lifted the sedan off the ground and made it impossible to open the door, both officers said Monday. Another woman riding in the driver’s vehicle managed to get out before the water got too high, authorities said. In the video, the first responders can be seen surrounded by trash and floating debris as they work to free the driver of the flooded sedan from the rising floodwater. They eventually pulled the man out to safety. Also Read | Apple launches iOS 17: Check new features, upgrades and how to download “He was just worn out and he was overwhelmed,” Simon said of the trapped driver. “We were getting to be overwhelmed as well, because we had been out there for a few minutes and we had water that was well over 4 ½ feet.” Footage from security cameras outside the public safety centre showed just how quickly the streets filled with water as the storm raged. It came rushing in like a river, flooding the parking lot and lifting orange parking barricades. Several city vehicles in the lot were stranded, too. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Watch | Atlanta police officer smashed window to save man trapped inside car in waist-deep water

Skywatchers alert! People in the United States might have a chance to see Northern Lights on Monday night. Forecasts predict the lights could appear from Monday into Tuesday as far south as New York and Idaho. Some scientists even say that these lights could spread a bit towards Illinois or Oregon.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/danish-artist-submits-empty-frames-as-artwork-court-orders-him-to-repay-museum-637325">Danish artist submits empty frames as artwork, court orders him to repay museum</a>

<h2>Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights</h2>

Auroras are created in the sky when the sun sends huge shots of energy and particles towards Earth, often from an eruption of the sun called a coronal mass ejection. The electrically charged particles from the sun interact with molecules in Earth’s atmosphere.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/barry-a-150-million-year-old-rare-dinosaur-to-be-auctioned-in-europe-637314">Barry, a 150 million-year-old rare dinosaur to be auctioned in Europe</a>

Typically, these dazzling green, red, pink and purple lights only appear around the Arctic Circle, or around the South Pole. It is because our planet’s magnetic field lines channel the steady stream of particles, called the ‘solar winds’ to the poles.&nbsp;

But when eruptions or other disruptive events occur on the surface of the sun, they can send an extra flood of solar wind shooting towards Earth, diverting the aurora and even pushing it closer to the equator.&nbsp;

<h2>When and where can you see Northern Lights this week?&nbsp;</h2>

According to the Space Weather Prediction Center, the northern lights are expected to be seen late Monday to early Tuesday morning.&nbsp;

The official forecast by NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center anticipates a moderate (G2) geomagnetic storm, which could make an aurora appear as far south as New York and Idaho. Space weather scientist Tamitha Skov, however, doesn’t rule out the possibility of a G3 (strong) storm, which could mean an aurora sighting down to Illinois and Oregon.

Best time to see Northern Lights this week

The best time to see the northern lights is “three or four hours around midnight,” though it does occur throughout the night, according to the University of Alaska.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/debris-field-of-missing-f-35b-fighter-jet-discovered-over-24-hours-after-disappearance-637321">Debris of missing F-35B fighter jet discovered over 24 hours after disappearance</a>

<h2>Nature of Northern Lights in the sky&nbsp;</h2>

The location of the aurora borealis depends on the strength of the geomagnetic storm. Hence, the lights will appear differently at different latitudes and altitudes.

The colours correspond to the type and altitude of the element excited in Earth’s atmosphere. Excited oxygen atoms shine red when they are more than 120 miles above the surface but glow green from 60 to 120 miles. Excited nitrogen atoms give off pink or purple below 120 miles. A more intense aurora, dancing greens or purples, is typically at higher latitudes. Lower latitudes usually see more red.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Skywatchers alert! People in the United States might have a chance to see Northern Lights on Monday night. Forecasts predict the lights could appear from Monday into Tuesday as far south as New York and Idaho.

Skywatchers alert! People in the United States might have a chance to see Northern Lights on Monday night. Forecasts predict the lights could appear from Monday into Tuesday as far south as New York and Idaho. Some scientists even say that these lights could spread a bit towards Illinois or Oregon. Also Read | Danish artist submits empty frames as artwork, court orders him to repay museum Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights Auroras are created in the sky when the sun sends huge shots of energy and particles towards Earth, often from an eruption of the sun called a coronal mass ejection. The electrically charged particles from the sun interact with molecules in Earth’s atmosphere. Also Read | Barry, a 150 million-year-old rare dinosaur to be auctioned in Europe Typically, these dazzling green, red, pink and purple lights only appear around the Arctic Circle, or around the South Pole. It is because our planet’s magnetic field lines channel the steady stream of particles, called the ‘solar winds’ to the poles. But when eruptions or other disruptive events occur on the surface of the sun, they can send an extra flood of solar wind shooting towards Earth, diverting the aurora and even pushing it closer to the equator. When and where can you see Northern Lights this week? According to the Space Weather Prediction Center, the northern lights are expected to be seen late Monday to early Tuesday morning. The official forecast by NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center anticipates a moderate (G2) geomagnetic storm, which could make an aurora appear as far south as New York and Idaho. Space weather scientist Tamitha Skov, however, doesn’t rule out the possibility of a G3 (strong) storm, which could mean an aurora sighting down to Illinois and Oregon. Best time to see Northern Lights this week The best time to see the northern lights is “three or four hours around midnight,” though it does occur throughout the night, according to the University of Alaska. Also Read | Debris of missing F-35B fighter jet discovered over 24 hours after disappearance Nature of Northern Lights in the sky The location of the aurora borealis depends on the strength of the geomagnetic storm. Hence, the lights will appear differently at different latitudes and altitudes. The colours correspond to the type and altitude of the element excited in Earth’s atmosphere. Excited oxygen atoms shine red when they are more than 120 miles above the surface but glow green from 60 to 120 miles. Excited nitrogen atoms give off pink or purple below 120 miles. A more intense aurora, dancing greens or purples, is typically at higher latitudes. Lower latitudes usually see more red. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Northern Lights in New York? Yes, it is happening. Thanks to geo-storms

India-Canada relations have hit a new low. Canadian Prime Minister&nbsp;Justin Trudeau suspects Indian agents are behind the killing of Sikh separatist, Hardeep Singh Nijjar. In response, the Indian government rejected all such allegations as&nbsp;baseless, on Tuesday.&nbsp;

The geopolitical scuffle further intensified, when Canada expelled a senior Indian diplomat citing “credible” intel that India was linked to Nijjar’s killing. India, also, in response, summoned the High Commissioner of Canada to expel a senior Canadian diplomat based in India.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indian-politician-killed-in-punjab-canada-based-terrorist-who-has-ties-with-khalistan-claims-responsibility-637394">Indian politician killed in Punjab, Canada-based terrorist who has ties with Khalistan claims responsibility</a>

Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a Canadian citizen of 45 years, was found critically injured with multiple bullet wounds inside a vehicle near the Guru Nanak Sikh Gurdwara in Surrey, British Columbia, on the night of June 18. Here is what is known about the killing of Nijjar so far amid mounting tensions between India and Canada.

<h2>Nijjar killing: What is known so far -&nbsp;10 points</h2>

1. On the night of June 18, Canada’s Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) received a report of a shooting at the Guru Nanak Sikh Gurdwara in Surrey, BC.

2. A man, identified as 45-year-old Hardeep Singh Nijjar, was found inside the car with multiple gunshot wounds. Nijjar succumbed to injuries on the scene, RCMP said.

3. The Integrated Homicide Investigation Team (IHIT) conducted an investigation.

4. Investigators said that two suspects, described as "heavier set males, wearing face coverings," fled the scene on foot and likely had a vehicle waiting for them close to the murder scene. Authorities later said there was a third suspect as well, though no arrests have been made.

5. In July, police released information to the public about the believed route taken by the two suspects after the murder. Authorities later identified the vehicle which was waiting for the suspects as a Silver 2008 Toyota Camry.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/new-delhi-expels-canadian-envoy-over-anti-india-activities-637399">New Delhi expels top Canadian diplomat over 'anti-India activities'</a>

6. There were suspicions raised by the local Sikh community members that there may have been foreign interference in the murder of the Sikh separatist leader.

7. "We understand there is a lot of speculation regarding the motive of this homicide, but we are dedicated to learning the facts and letting the evidence lead our investigation," Timothy Pierotti, an official with IHIT, said in the early stages of the probe.

8. Trudeau said on Monday, that Canada had credible information linking Indian government agents to the murder.&nbsp;

9. Trudeau did not directly accuse India of definitely being involved and Foreign Minister Melanie Joly later used more cautious language, saying "if proven true" the allegations would be unacceptable.

10. Currently, India and Canada have both expelled each other’s foreign diplomats amid growing tensions between the two countries.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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India-Canada relations have hit a new low. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau suspects Indian agents are behind the killing of Sikh separatist, Hardeep Singh Nijjar.

India-Canada relations have hit a new low. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau suspects Indian agents are behind the killing of Sikh separatist, Hardeep Singh Nijjar. In response, the Indian government rejected all such allegations as baseless, on Tuesday. The geopolitical scuffle further intensified, when Canada expelled a senior Indian diplomat citing “credible” intel that India was linked to Nijjar’s killing. India, also, in response, summoned the High Commissioner of Canada to expel a senior Canadian diplomat based in India. Also Read | Indian politician killed in Punjab, Canada-based terrorist who has ties with Khalistan claims responsibility Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a Canadian citizen of 45 years, was found critically injured with multiple bullet wounds inside a vehicle near the Guru Nanak Sikh Gurdwara in Surrey, British Columbia, on the night of June 18. Here is what is known about the killing of Nijjar so far amid mounting tensions between India and Canada. Nijjar killing: What is known so far - 10 points 1. On the night of June 18, Canada’s Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) received a report of a shooting at the Guru Nanak Sikh Gurdwara in Surrey, BC. 2. A man, identified as 45-year-old Hardeep Singh Nijjar, was found inside the car with multiple gunshot wounds. Nijjar succumbed to injuries on the scene, RCMP said. 3. The Integrated Homicide Investigation Team (IHIT) conducted an investigation. 4. Investigators said that two suspects, described as "heavier set males, wearing face coverings," fled the scene on foot and likely had a vehicle waiting for them close to the murder scene. Authorities later said there was a third suspect as well, though no arrests have been made. 5. In July, police released information to the public about the believed route taken by the two suspects after the murder. Authorities later identified the vehicle which was waiting for the suspects as a Silver 2008 Toyota Camry. Also Read | New Delhi expels top Canadian diplomat over 'anti-India activities' 6. There were suspicions raised by the local Sikh community members that there may have been foreign interference in the murder of the Sikh separatist leader. 7. "We understand there is a lot of speculation regarding the motive of this homicide, but we are dedicated to learning the facts and letting the evidence lead our investigation," Timothy Pierotti, an official with IHIT, said in the early stages of the probe. 8. Trudeau said on Monday, that Canada had credible information linking Indian government agents to the murder. 9. Trudeau did not directly accuse India of definitely being involved and Foreign Minister Melanie Joly later used more cautious language, saying "if proven true" the allegations would be unacceptable. 10. Currently, India and Canada have both expelled each other’s foreign diplomats amid growing tensions between the two countries. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

What is known about Khalistani terrorist Hardeep Singh Nijjar's murder so far | 10 points

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