Among the top 5 Hollywood news today, 'The Batman', Katy Perry and PornHub hogged the maximum limelight,

Read our top 5 picks of the day:

Seen her music video yet? This is why everyone thinks Katy Perry is pregnant!

In a teaser for the new song that made way to her Instagram page, Katy Perry can be seen wearing neck plunging gown in which she can be seen cradling her baby bump, triggering rumours that the pop star is expecting a child with her fiancee Orlando Bloom.&nbsp;

In detail:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-seen-her-music-video-yet-this-is-why-everyone-thinks-katy-perry-is-pregnant-284456">https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-seen-her-music-video-yet-this-is-why-everyone-thinks-katy-perry-is-pregnant-284456</a>

'The Batman': Check out the first look of Robert Pattinson as caped crusader with his Batmobile

Director Matt Reeves gave Batman fans a huge surprise Wednesday as he revealed the first look of Robert Pattinson as the caped crusader alongside his Batmobile.

In detail:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-the-batman-check-out-the-first-look-of-robert-pattinson-as-caped-crusader-with-his-batmobile-284419">https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-the-batman-check-out-the-first-look-of-robert-pattinson-as-caped-crusader-with-his-batmobile-284419</a>

BTS drops surprise music video for 'Map of the soul: 7' single ‘Black Swan’

The K-pop superstars are once again back with another music video from their newly released album 'Map of the soul: 7'

In detail:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bts-drops-surprise-music-video-for-map-of-the-soul-7-single-black-swan-284402">https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bts-drops-surprise-music-video-for-map-of-the-soul-7-single-black-swan-284402</a>

'Hocus Pocus' sequel to return as Disney+ film with director Adam Shankman

Disney is moving fast with its content. They have now made rumours of Hocus Pocus returning, a reality.&nbsp;The witches will finally return to Salem as Disney has now hired director Adam Shankman to helm ‘Hocus Pocus 2’ as a Disney+ original film.&nbsp;

In detail:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hocus-pocus-sequel-to-return-as-disney-film-with-director-adam-shankman-284388">https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hocus-pocus-sequel-to-return-as-disney-film-with-director-adam-shankman-284388</a>

PornHub to host first non-porn documentary about black lesbian strippers

One of the biggest porn websites of the world, PornHub is in news but for something other than what they usually have to offer. The adult website will be hosting ‘Shakedown’, a non-porn documentary about black lesbian strippers.&nbsp;

In detail:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/pornhub-to-host-first-non-porn-documentary-about-black-lesbian-strippers-284406">https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/pornhub-to-host-first-non-porn-documentary-about-black-lesbian-strippers-284406</a>

Among the top 5 Hollywood news today, 'The Batman', Katy Perry and PornHub hogged the maximum limelight, Read our top 5 picks of the day: Seen her music video yet?

Among the top 5 Hollywood news today, 'The Batman', Katy Perry and PornHub hogged the maximum limelight, Read our top 5 picks of the day: Seen her music video yet? This is why everyone thinks Katy Perry is pregnant! In a teaser for the new song that made way to her Instagram page, Katy Perry can be seen wearing neck plunging gown in which she can be seen cradling her baby bump, triggering rumours that the pop star is expecting a child with her fiancee Orlando Bloom. In detail: https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-seen-her-music-video-yet-this-is-why-everyone-thinks-katy-perry-is-pregnant-284456 'The Batman': Check out the first look of Robert Pattinson as caped crusader with his Batmobile Director Matt Reeves gave Batman fans a huge surprise Wednesday as he revealed the first look of Robert Pattinson as the caped crusader alongside his Batmobile. In detail: https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood-news-the-batman-check-out-the-first-look-of-robert-pattinson-as-caped-crusader-with-his-batmobile-284419 BTS drops surprise music video for 'Map of the soul: 7' single ‘Black Swan’ The K-pop superstars are once again back with another music video from their newly released album 'Map of the soul: 7' In detail: https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bts-drops-surprise-music-video-for-map-of-the-soul-7-single-black-swan-284402 'Hocus Pocus' sequel to return as Disney+ film with director Adam Shankman Disney is moving fast with its content. They have now made rumours of Hocus Pocus returning, a reality. The witches will finally return to Salem as Disney has now hired director Adam Shankman to helm ‘Hocus Pocus 2’ as a Disney+ original film. In detail: https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hocus-pocus-sequel-to-return-as-disney-film-with-director-adam-shankman-284388 PornHub to host first non-porn documentary about black lesbian strippers One of the biggest porn websites of the world, PornHub is in news but for something other than what they usually have to offer. The adult website will be hosting ‘Shakedown’, a non-porn documentary about black lesbian strippers. In detail: https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/pornhub-to-host-first-non-porn-documentary-about-black-lesbian-strippers-284406

UK to send warships, aircraft carrier to Indian Ocean for joint training with Indian forces

United Kingdom in a major boost to the India and UK Security partnership - London is set to deploy its most advanced Naval fleet in the Indian Ocean region.

Major boost to India-UK security ties: India, UK sign deal on Cadet Exchange Program

Sri Lanka has reportedly informed India that it will not allow any Chinese research vessel to dock at its port or operate within its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) for one year, Hindustan Times reported while citing people aware of the matter.&nbsp;

The declared moratorium was conveyed to India through&nbsp;diplomatic channels last week, the publication further reported.

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

Diplomatically, it would mean a major win for India's efforts to stall China's maritime expansion in the Indian Ocean. For the immediate future, it means&nbsp;that Chinese scientific research vessel Xiang Yang Hong 3, which was scheduled to conduct "deep water exploration" in the south Indian Ocean from January 5, 2024, to late May, will not be granted a clearance by Sri Lankan authorities.

Also watch |&nbsp;Sri Lanka halts docking of foreign research ships amid Chinese spying concerns | WION

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China has also asked the current pro-Beijing Mohammed Muizzu regime in Maldives to let the 4,600-tonne Xiamen-based vessel survey the coast of Male.

<h2>Immediate backdrop</h2>

India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his meeting with Sri Lanka's&nbsp;President Ranil Wickremesinghe in July 2023 had called for the respect for India's strategic and security concerns.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/sri-lanka-halts-docking-of-foreign-research-ships-amid-chinese-spying-concerns-wion-671340">Sri Lanka halts docking of foreign research ships amid Chinese spying concerns</a>

Colombo's reported move also means a setback for the Chinese effort to woo the current Sri Lankan leadership after the Hambantota debt row. Sri Lanka's President Ranil&nbsp; Wickremesinghe&nbsp;visited Beijing for the 10th anniversary of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) on October 17-18.&nbsp;

India and the US last week flagged Colombo entertaining Chinese scientific research vessels and ballistic missile trackers in the Indian Ocean and providing them logistical support.

India had raised objections to the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 conducting a joint maritime survey with the Sri Lankan maritime agency in October-November, but Colombo allowed the vessel to dock at its seaport later.

The research vessel reached Colombo on October 25, and crossed the Malacca Straits on December 2.

The Hindustan Times report cites the instances of at least 25 Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) ships entering the Indian Ocean Region.

Since 2019, a total of 48 Chinese scientific research vessels have been deployed in the Indian Ocean Region, the report adds.

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Sri Lanka has reportedly informed India that it will not allow any Chinese research vessel to dock at its port or operate within its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) for one year, Hindustan Times reported while citing people aware of the matter.

Sri Lanka has reportedly informed India that it will not allow any Chinese research vessel to dock at its port or operate within its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) for one year, Hindustan Times reported while citing people aware of the matter. The declared moratorium was conveyed to India through diplomatic channels last week, the publication further reported. What does it mean? Diplomatically, it would mean a major win for India's efforts to stall China's maritime expansion in the Indian Ocean. For the immediate future, it means that Chinese scientific research vessel Xiang Yang Hong 3, which was scheduled to conduct "deep water exploration" in the south Indian Ocean from January 5, 2024, to late May, will not be granted a clearance by Sri Lankan authorities. Also watch | Sri Lanka halts docking of foreign research ships amid Chinese spying concerns | WION × China has also asked the current pro-Beijing Mohammed Muizzu regime in Maldives to let the 4,600-tonne Xiamen-based vessel survey the coast of Male. Immediate backdrop India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his meeting with Sri Lanka's President Ranil Wickremesinghe in July 2023 had called for the respect for India's strategic and security concerns. Also read | Sri Lanka halts docking of foreign research ships amid Chinese spying concerns Colombo's reported move also means a setback for the Chinese effort to woo the current Sri Lankan leadership after the Hambantota debt row. Sri Lanka's President Ranil Wickremesinghe visited Beijing for the 10th anniversary of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) on October 17-18. India and the US last week flagged Colombo entertaining Chinese scientific research vessels and ballistic missile trackers in the Indian Ocean and providing them logistical support. India had raised objections to the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 conducting a joint maritime survey with the Sri Lankan maritime agency in October-November, but Colombo allowed the vessel to dock at its seaport later. The research vessel reached Colombo on October 25, and crossed the Malacca Straits on December 2. The Hindustan Times report cites the instances of at least 25 Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) ships entering the Indian Ocean Region. Since 2019, a total of 48 Chinese scientific research vessels have been deployed in the Indian Ocean Region, the report adds. (With inputs from agencies)

Big win for India? Sri Lanka tells China no research vessels for next 12 months: Report

On the morning of 26 December 2004, exactly 19 years ago, a mega earthquake hit northern Sumatra in Indonesia, triggering one of the largest tsunamis in the world. The epicentre of the earthquake was the off-west coast of northern Sumatra islands and the tsunami also wreaked havoc in India.&nbsp;

The megathrust earthquake of 9.1-9.3 magnitude on the Richter scale prompted a massive tsunami near the Indian Ocean. The waves, as high as 30 m (100 ft), devastated inhabitants along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries and displacing thousands. It was reportedly the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Asia and also the most powerful earthquake in the 21st century.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/beijing-warns-rocket-remnants-to-hit-south-china-sea-amid-ongoing-dispute-with-philippines-673628">Beijing warns rocket remnants to hit South China Sea amid ongoing dispute with Philippines</a>

It has been 19 years since one of the mightiest natural disasters the world has ever seen, here’s how everything unfolded that day and the aftermath:

<h2>26 December 2004, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami: How everything unfolded</h2>

In 2004, on the morning of Boxing Day (a day after Christmas) on December 26 at around 7:58 am local time, a major earthquake with a 9.1-9.3 magnitude struck the west coast of northern Sumatra in Indonesia.

As per the scientific community, the earthquake was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burma Plate and the Indian Plate. The earthquake was so intense that it reached a Mercalli intensity of up to IX in some areas. It had the longest duration of faulting ever observed- between eight to ten minutes.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-made-software-feast-available-for-indian-academia-industries-673644">ISRO-made software 'FEAST' available for Indian academia, industries</a>

Soon the earthquake triggered one of the biggest tsunamis, causing direct disruptions to people in Sri Lanka, India and Thailand (apart from Indonesia). Banda Aceh in Indonesia reported the largest number of deaths. Splay faults, or secondary "pop-up faults", caused long, narrow parts of the seafloor to pop up in seconds. This quickly elevated the height and increased the speed of waves, destroying the nearby Indonesian town of Lhoknga.

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19 Years Ago on this day the Tsunami 🌊 hit Sri Lanka 🇱🇰. Over 35,000 lifes lost. 
 
Let us remember all the 2004 Tsunami victims🙏 
 
<a href="https://t.co/Y1p5rq97o3">pic.twitter.com/Y1p5rq97o3</a>
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Many reports even say that the earthquake was so mighty that it caused the planet to vibrate as much as 10 m&nbsp;(0.4 in) and also remotely triggered earthquakes as far away as Alaska.&nbsp;

In India, as per official estimates, more than 10,700 people died, 5,640 went missing and another thousand became homeless due to the tsunami.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/delhi-fog-30-flights-delayed-due-to-poor-visibility-as-fog-engulfs-city-5-others-diverted-to-jaipur-673626">Delhi fog: 30 flights delayed due to poor visibility as fog engulfs city; 5 others diverted to Jaipur</a>

The Great Nicobar and Car Nicobar Islands were the worst hit among all the islands because of their proximity to the quake and relatively flat terrain. Aftershocks rocked the area, and one-fifth of the population of the Nicobar Islands was reported dead, injured or missing.

The damage done to the number of people and countries prompted a worldwide humanitarian response, with donations worth more than $14 billion in that year. Since then, India and other countries along the Indian Ocean belt worked on advancing their security systems to respond swiftly to any such warning in future.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

On the morning of 26 December 2004, exactly 19 years ago, a mega earthquake hit northern Sumatra in Indonesia, triggering one of the largest tsunamis in the world.

On the morning of 26 December 2004, exactly 19 years ago, a mega earthquake hit northern Sumatra in Indonesia, triggering one of the largest tsunamis in the world. The epicentre of the earthquake was the off-west coast of northern Sumatra islands and the tsunami also wreaked havoc in India. The megathrust earthquake of 9.1-9.3 magnitude on the Richter scale prompted a massive tsunami near the Indian Ocean. The waves, as high as 30 m (100 ft), devastated inhabitants along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries and displacing thousands. It was reportedly the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Asia and also the most powerful earthquake in the 21st century. Also Read | Beijing warns rocket remnants to hit South China Sea amid ongoing dispute with Philippines It has been 19 years since one of the mightiest natural disasters the world has ever seen, here’s how everything unfolded that day and the aftermath: 26 December 2004, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami: How everything unfolded In 2004, on the morning of Boxing Day (a day after Christmas) on December 26 at around 7:58 am local time, a major earthquake with a 9.1-9.3 magnitude struck the west coast of northern Sumatra in Indonesia. As per the scientific community, the earthquake was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burma Plate and the Indian Plate. The earthquake was so intense that it reached a Mercalli intensity of up to IX in some areas. It had the longest duration of faulting ever observed- between eight to ten minutes. Also Read | ISRO-made software 'FEAST' available for Indian academia, industries Soon the earthquake triggered one of the biggest tsunamis, causing direct disruptions to people in Sri Lanka, India and Thailand (apart from Indonesia). Banda Aceh in Indonesia reported the largest number of deaths. Splay faults, or secondary "pop-up faults", caused long, narrow parts of the seafloor to pop up in seconds. This quickly elevated the height and increased the speed of waves, destroying the nearby Indonesian town of Lhoknga. 19 Years Ago on this day the Tsunami 🌊 hit Sri Lanka 🇱🇰. Over 35,000 lifes lost. Let us remember all the 2004 Tsunami victims🙏 pic.twitter.com/Y1p5rq97o3 — Erik Solheim (@ErikSolheim) December 26, 2023 × Many reports even say that the earthquake was so mighty that it caused the planet to vibrate as much as 10 m (0.4 in) and also remotely triggered earthquakes as far away as Alaska. In India, as per official estimates, more than 10,700 people died, 5,640 went missing and another thousand became homeless due to the tsunami. Also Read | Delhi fog: 30 flights delayed due to poor visibility as fog engulfs city; 5 others diverted to Jaipur The Great Nicobar and Car Nicobar Islands were the worst hit among all the islands because of their proximity to the quake and relatively flat terrain. Aftershocks rocked the area, and one-fifth of the population of the Nicobar Islands was reported dead, injured or missing. The damage done to the number of people and countries prompted a worldwide humanitarian response, with donations worth more than $14 billion in that year. Since then, India and other countries along the Indian Ocean belt worked on advancing their security systems to respond swiftly to any such warning in future. (With inputs from agencies)

2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami: 19 years since devastating Boxing Day tsunami

An unclaimed missile strike has resulted in a fire on board a merchant ship named MV Chem Pluto that reportedly was headed towards Israel in The Indian Ocean. The vessel is Affiliated with Israel and the Indian Coast Guard has been dispatched with a warship for immediate assistance to all people on board.

Drone attack in Indian Ocean: Indian Coast Guard deploys ship for help

A missile strike damaged a merchant ship off India's coast on Saturday (Dec 23) morning. The attack occurred 200 nautical miles southwest of Veraval and resulted in a substantial explosion, causing significant damage to the vessel.

A missile strike damaged a merchant ship off India's coast on Saturday (Dec 23) morning. The attack occurred 200 nautical miles southwest of Veraval and resulted in a substantial explosion, causing significant damage to the vessel. However, no casualties were reported. The United Kingdom's Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) had first issued a public alert of the incident. Indian Coast Guard ship ICGS Vikram is moving towards a merchant vessel MV Chem Pluto in the Arabian Sea 217 nautical miles off Porbandar cost after it reported a fire incident suspected to be caused by a drone attack. The vessel has crude oil and was going towards Mangalore from… pic.twitter.com/a8JQevOn1Z — ANI (@ANI) December 23, 2023 × The vessel called MV Chem Pluto had crude oil and was going towards Mangalore from a port in Saudi Arabia. Speaking to the news agency ANI, defence officials said the Coast Guard ship ICGS Vikram was moving towards the merchant's vessel. "As per inputs received, the fire has been extinguished but it has affected its functioning," the officials added. Crew includes 21 Indians Indian Navy officials, meanwhile, said that navy ships were also moving towards the vessel. The crew includes 21 Indians and one Vietnamese. The missile strike could have been done using a drone and this angle was under investigation. Visuals of the MV Chem Pluto taken by the Indian Coast Guard’s Dornier maritime surveillance aircraft in the Arabian Sea after it was hit by a suspected drone which led to fire on it. pic.twitter.com/B4f61BgAGt — ANI (@ANI) December 23, 2023 × ANI later reported that the coast guard officials said that Dornier maritime surveillance aircraft established communication with the distressed vessel. After the drone attack, the ship switched off its Automatic Identification System which can be used for tracking the vessel. The power generation system of the ship was functional and more checks were being carried out before it set out for its destination. Merchant ship to rendezvous with ICGS Vikram soon Later on Saturday, coast guard officials said MV Chem Pluto had started moving at a speed of around 11 nautical miles per hour and Indian Coast Guard ship ICGS Vikram is likely to rendezvous with it around 10 PM tonight. "MV Chem Pluto has also requested to be escorted by ICGS Vikram and is expected to reach Mumbai by early December 25," the officials told ANI. (With inputs from agencies)

Missile strike hits merchant ship off India’s coast; crew includes 21 Indians

An unclaimed missile strike has resulted in a fire on board a merchant ship that reportedly was headed towards Israel in The Indian Ocean. The vessel is Affiliated with Israel and the Indian Coast Guard has been dispatched with a warship for immediate assistance to all people on board.

Israel-affiliated ship attacked in the Indian Ocean

In the wake of a missile attack on the commercial ship MV Chem Pluto off the coast of India, the Indian Navy swiftly <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/drone-strike-hits-ship-off-indias-coast-says-report-672821">responded to the incident</a>, dispatching a warship to deal with the aftermath. The attack, which occurred 200 nautical miles southwest of Veraval, resulted in a substantial explosion, causing significant damage to the vessel. Fortunately, there were no reported casualties.

The crew includes 21 Indians and one Vietnamese. The missile strike could have been done using a drone, which is still being investigated.

The Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR), based in Gurugram, played a crucial role in coordinating the response when the incident was reported on Saturday morning. Navy officials, told WION that, an Indian naval aircraft was immediately sent to assess the situation, to assess the safety of the ship and its crew. The naval warship, dispatched promptly, is en route to the location to provide any necessary assistance.

As the Indian Navy's warship approaches the affected vessel, the focus remains on ensuring the safety of the crew, assessing the extent of damage, and investigating the circumstances surrounding the missile attack.

The targeted commercial ship, MV Chem Pluto, had set sail from Saudi Arabia and was bound for Mangalore, India and is sailing under the flag of Liberia. The current plan is to bring the vessel to an Indian port for further investigation and assessment.

The IFC-IOR not only alerted the Indian Navy but also informed the Indian Coast Guard, which diverted a ship to the location. The United Kingdom's Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) first issued a public alert of the incident.

This maritime incident is believed to be a spillover from the Red Sea crisis, where Houthi rebels, based in Yemen, have been targeting vessels suspected of heading to or from Israel. The Houthi actions are considered a response to Israeli actions in Gaza. The escalating threat of Houthi attacks in the Red Sea has prompted several major shipping companies to reroute their vessels, opting for alternative paths to avoid the volatile region.

While this strategic shift enhances the safety of maritime assets, it comes at a significant cost, contributing to a broader economic concern—global inflation.

Data from the IFC-IOR has revealed a significant uptick in maritime security threats during the week spanning from December 14th to 20th in the Red Sea area. A total of nine incidents were reported, marking a noteworthy escalation compared to previous weeks.

In the wake of a missile attack on the commercial ship MV Chem Pluto off the coast of India, the Indian Navy swiftly responded to the incident, dispatching a warship to deal with the aftermath.

In the wake of a missile attack on the commercial ship MV Chem Pluto off the coast of India, the Indian Navy swiftly responded to the incident, dispatching a warship to deal with the aftermath. The attack, which occurred 200 nautical miles southwest of Veraval, resulted in a substantial explosion, causing significant damage to the vessel. Fortunately, there were no reported casualties. The crew includes 21 Indians and one Vietnamese. The missile strike could have been done using a drone, which is still being investigated. The Information Fusion Centre – Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR), based in Gurugram, played a crucial role in coordinating the response when the incident was reported on Saturday morning. Navy officials, told WION that, an Indian naval aircraft was immediately sent to assess the situation, to assess the safety of the ship and its crew. The naval warship, dispatched promptly, is en route to the location to provide any necessary assistance. As the Indian Navy's warship approaches the affected vessel, the focus remains on ensuring the safety of the crew, assessing the extent of damage, and investigating the circumstances surrounding the missile attack. The targeted commercial ship, MV Chem Pluto, had set sail from Saudi Arabia and was bound for Mangalore, India and is sailing under the flag of Liberia. The current plan is to bring the vessel to an Indian port for further investigation and assessment. The IFC-IOR not only alerted the Indian Navy but also informed the Indian Coast Guard, which diverted a ship to the location. The United Kingdom's Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) first issued a public alert of the incident. This maritime incident is believed to be a spillover from the Red Sea crisis, where Houthi rebels, based in Yemen, have been targeting vessels suspected of heading to or from Israel. The Houthi actions are considered a response to Israeli actions in Gaza. The escalating threat of Houthi attacks in the Red Sea has prompted several major shipping companies to reroute their vessels, opting for alternative paths to avoid the volatile region. While this strategic shift enhances the safety of maritime assets, it comes at a significant cost, contributing to a broader economic concern—global inflation. Data from the IFC-IOR has revealed a significant uptick in maritime security threats during the week spanning from December 14th to 20th in the Red Sea area. A total of nine incidents were reported, marking a noteworthy escalation compared to previous weeks.

Navy dispatches warship, IFC-IOR coordinates real-time response to missile attack off India's coast

The Australian High Commissioner Philip Green has emphasised his country's strong ties with India which are at the "highest point" and this has been a "landmark year" for both countries. The Indian PM Modi had traveled to Australia this year, while Australian PM Albanese visited India two times, one on a bilateral visit and another to attend the G20 summit.

Speaking to WION's diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, he pointed to cooperation in the Indian Ocean, saying," we undertake that closer engagement in the Indian Ocean, India will be our most vital partner".

Both sides are working on several areas from education to defence.

On Education ties and visas for Indian students, he highlighted, "processing times for Indian students seeking a visit to Australia are now very short. We had a period up to COVID where there was an explosion where we weren't able to cope with that and press sometimes for longer. Now they are shorter". On Defence, he pointed out that both sides are, "just normalising closer cooperation with defence and security agencies here in India and back in Canberra and that continues to go from strength to strength".

He also spoke on other issues like Australia is dealing with the Khalistani extremists, Quad, India in the Pacific, &amp; more.&nbsp;

WION: It has been a landmark year between Australia and India. What were the key outcomes of the 2+2 Defence and Foreign Ministers meeting that took place in Delhi 2 weeks ago?

Philip Green: Well, it's great to be with you Siddhant especially just so soon after what was very successful 2+2. I think the key framing for the two plus two, as you said, is that it's been a landmark year between Australia and India. We are closer than we have ever been, and in the strategic field, there's a very high level of alignment. And that was evident in the conversations I've been in a lot of these ministerial dialogues. And this was businesslike, purposeful and with a real sense of shared objective. Our ministers respect each other and it was a very good conversation. You asked what came out of it. We will do more together on the maritime domain, We will do more together in cohering the work of our diplomats across the Indo Pacific on strategic fields where we very much feel alike. And then there were particular announcements on work together on hydrography , on a 1.5 track Strategic Dialogue that our officials and ministers and academicians will have together. We will continue aircraft deployments to each other's territory and indeed naval deployments to each other's territory. So there will be a stronger sense of interoperability to put into our forces and normalizing the already higher level of activity between our forces that we see. Also a bit of discussion on important economic spheres in space, especially the green energy supply chain where Australia and India have complementary interests and we can work together. So overall, it was a really terrific hit out and I think I know our ministers left feeling very much satisfied that this bilateral relationship continues to be on a clearly upward trajectory.

WION: The relationship on upward trajectory, but briefly, how do you characterize this relationship today?

Philip Green: It's at the highest point that it's ever been. And my Prime Minister has given me a very clear signal, but what he expects me to do is to push it as far and as fast as we possibly can. And, you know, for me, there are three strategic drivers. But the first is that in our views on the Indo Pacific, we are aligned in a way that we'd never have been and we're going to work together. In the economic field, there's a very high level of complementarity. Your society is growing fast and has much energy and vibrancy. We have a lot of energy, innovations, I will tell you what we have, we have the minerals, the metals, the critical minerals, the energy that can serve to support your economy as well as things in the education frame. And then the third field is what we call the human bridge, that nearly a million people of Indian origin who now make Australia home, in our context, that's a lot they're making a big, they're making big contribution to our society. And we want them to make a bigger contribution to our bilateral relationship and we're very confident that they will.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-13-arrested-in-isis-case-after-nia-raids-in-maharashtra-karnataka-667857">India: 13 arrested in ISIS case after NIA raids in Maharashtra, Karnataka</a>

WION: So let's now go to various pillars starting with education, we saw the opening up of an Australian university in Gujarat which is a first for India as well. So education remains an aspect if we can talk about that and especially Indian students, one of the challenges the Indian students face is the visa issues. You talk about that as well, the problems they face.

Philip Green: Well, I think first of all, they don't face problems, they have success. And the processing times for Indian students seeking a visit to Australia are now very short. We had a period of up to COVID where there was an explosion where we weren't able to cope with that and press sometimes for longer. Now they are now shorter. People who have the right qualifications to go to Australia will get a visa and many are in fact that number is increasing and now Indian students are the second largest cohort of international students we have in Australia. But we're opening a whole new chapter next year, because for the first time there will be Australian branch campuses in India. And as you say, the first two will be in Gujarat and we're very much looking forward to University of Wollongong and Deakin that they will be operating courses from the middle of next year. That's a huge new development. And as a result of the Indian government's decision to allow foreign branch campuses in other parts of India apart from GIFT city, we think that there will be many who will follow the same footsteps.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/pm-modi-dominates-global-leader-approval-ratings-tops-the-chart-with-impressive-76-percent-667794">PM Modi dominates Global Leader Approval ratings, tops the chart with impressive 76 percent</a>

WION: Another pillar is defense which has grown leaps and bounds. We have seen this year Indian submarines going to Australia, Indian forces taking part in exercises in Australia and of course the Malabar exercises as well. So if you can talk about the defense aspect, where do you see the focus area, any new developments which are expected to happen

Philip Green: AUSTRA HIND 22 exercises took place in Australia, that's mostly army but with Navy and Air Force elements as well. It's happening in Perth, Australia with nearly 100 Indian soldiers. So I expect that higher level of tempo of exercises, higher levels of interoperability, but essentially with a start a key thing that we are going to do more on his maritime domain awareness. We have a large Indian Ocean, especially the eastern Indian Ocean, which is of interest to both of us. We can each know something about what's going on in that domain but we can't know all of it. It's massive. So working together, we can find ways of understanding more about that. And then at the day to day level, we are just normalizing closer cooperation with defense and security agencies here in India and back in Canberra and that continues to go from strength to strength.

WION: How both countries are working in the Pacific. When the Deputy PM came here in India, he talked about Indian humanitarian support reaching Tonga using the MLSA. Indian PM going to the Pacific, if you can talk about India and Australia working together in the Pacific?

Philip Green: You know, we've already got some really good runs on the board here. Don't forget that in the middle of COVID, it was Australia and India that cooperated to get vaccines to the Pacific. They've got vaccines manufactured in India and desperately needed by the small countries for the Pacific. Of course, we have a lot of logistic capability there. Our aircraft fly in the air all the time, and we essentially need the last mile delivery to Pacific countries are vaccines produced and donated by India. So that's a great start. As you said Prime Minister Modi was there in Papua New Guinea earlier this year. We are the largest development corporation donor to the South Pacific. We regard South Pacific countries with our family, and they are the first call of our resources. As a result, you know, we know a fair bit about what their development needs are. We respect India's capability to produce development assistance to these countries which is appropriate to their circumstances. And so our role is to provide whatever guidance and support we can to the Indian effort to provide development assistance in our meeting.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/australias-high-commissioner-to-india-speaks-on-the-future-of-quad-summit-667847">Australia's High Commissioner to India speaks on the future of QUAD Summit</a>

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WION: Any trilateral initiative?

Philip Green: That may be something for the future. But what we're very keen to do initially is to make sure that we provide whatever support the Indian government wants to ensure that good development assistance comes to our Pacific neighbors.

WION: How do you see the Quad, and also the grapevine on the 27th January. Is Australia planning to attend that quad summit?

Philip Green: I will leave announcements about the dates of the quad summit to the people who should be making them and notably Prime Minister Modi. But let me say this, I mean, I spoke to the Prime Minister when he was here for the G 20. He's very much looking forward to the quad summit and we'll be flexible to make sure that we are available at a mutually convenient time. So it's, of course, a vitally important forum for us with our traditional alliance partner, the United States, with Japan with whom we've had a deep, powerful economic partnership for decades, but now in a rapid path to developing stronger security partnerships. And with India, we have never previously seen the level of strategic alignment that we're currently showing. So for us, it's very exciting. Now, you asked about what's going on. Well, you know, I remind you that during COVID 400 million vaccines were delivered by quad countries to countries in the Indo Pacific. So there's a lot of runs already on the board. We're focused on ensuring that our region remains peaceful and that it has an open and inclusive and free character. We're providing important public goods to countries of the region that will help their sovereign capability, capabilities and counter cyber capabilities in helping them do maritime domain awareness, capabilities in building high quality sustainable infrastructure. So there's a wide canvas on which we're working. And our partnership, we think, is vital for our future and there's a huge support for it in Australia.

WION:&nbsp;So diaspora is another aspect of the relationship. We saw when the Prime Minister traveled to Sydney, Harris Park became Little India. If we can talk about that. If we can talk about Khalistan extremists, we saw earlier this year. They were involved in protests and also action by the Australian authorities. If you can sum up the aspects of diaspora, how they are playing an important role and what Australia is doing to deal with Khalistan extremism.

Philip Green: The first thing is, there are now nearly a million people of Indian origin who made Australia their home and they are making a big contribution to our society. We warmly welcome them, and we are as the government seeking to engage them in our bilateral relationship. We've set up set up a center for Australia India relations, not far from Harris Spark, which is led by two Australians of Indian origin, high quality people, and their job is to make sure that the Australian diaspora the Indian diaspora in Australia is activated so that it can benefit the bilateral relationship. But I'll give you an obvious example. People of Indian origin in Australia will understand what Australia can do and understand India's economic systems. There may be ways in which they can support trade and economic activity between our nations. That's an opportunity we don't want to miss. So you spoke about Khalistan. Look. What is very important in Australia, is that the two things that are vitally important , people have the right to demonstrate and undertake a peaceful protest. That's a core part of our democracy. And we will always allow that to take place. The focus is on peace and our security authorities , migration authorities and police authorities are very active in making sure that those demonstrations, when they occur, happen within normal parameters. We are acutely focused on defending the properties of the Indian consul general, the high commission that is important for India's respect and dignity and we spend a lot of effort making sure that no problems occur there and they haven't.

WION: But there were certain reports of the Hindu temples being vandalized in Australia. I mean, what has been the action taken on that?

Philip Green: Well, those activities if they have occurred will be closely investigated by Australian police authorities. That sort of activity warrants the police doing the best investigation that they possibly can, whether they will actually be able to find the perpetrators. We can't tell. But I can assure you that there is a very deep focus not just in the federal government in Australia, but also in state governments on avoiding these sorts of actions and undertaking the correct police response. Whenever they do.

WION: India and Australia share an ocean, the Indian ocean. how both countries are working together in the Indian Ocean to deal with problems like illegal fishing like piracy, human trafficking, so any mechanism which is being dealt with or whoever

Philip Green: There is always talks about maritime domain awareness so that we both understand better what is happening in our shared Indian Ocean. And all of the fields that you mentioned are fields in which we are acting. I have staff from the Navy. I have staff from the Australian Border Force, from the Australian home affairs authorities and a day does not go past where they are not engaging with their Indian counterparts about these activities. So we will be doing more because we take ever more seriously the significance of them, especially the Northeast Indian Ocean, and for us for Australia as we take a greater focus on that area of the world. and it's important that we have decided to host an Indian Ocean conference of ministers in Perth in February next year as part of that effort. As we undertake that closer engagement in the Indian Ocean, India will be our most vital partner.

WION: So my last question to you is how much China is a concern for Australia, here in Delhi, China is a major concern with the at the border, you have been facing problems as well if we can sum up the China problem in the Indo Pacific.

Philip Green: If iI sum it up, we will cooperate with China where we can and we will disagree with them where we must. We have an economic relationship with China which is important to us. Our Prime Minister made a visit to China recently and we have had some imperfections in our bilateral economic relations and some of those have been resolved. We're pleased about that. We think that engagement with China and a level of cooperation with China is valuable. But we have differences with China. We ask the question, why is it that China is taking the biggest military modernization in the world since the Second World War and that is happening without as far as we can see any open source explanation of its rationale or any strategic reassurance about what support. So, we are cooperating with China where we can but we will disagree and we will ask questions of them where we must on issues that are difficult.

&nbsp;

The Australian High Commissioner Philip Green has emphasised his country's strong ties with India which are at the "highest point" and this has been a "landmark year" for both countries.

The Australian High Commissioner Philip Green has emphasised his country's strong ties with India which are at the "highest point" and this has been a "landmark year" for both countries. The Indian PM Modi had traveled to Australia this year, while Australian PM Albanese visited India two times, one on a bilateral visit and another to attend the G20 summit. Speaking to WION's diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, he pointed to cooperation in the Indian Ocean, saying," we undertake that closer engagement in the Indian Ocean, India will be our most vital partner". Both sides are working on several areas from education to defence. On Education ties and visas for Indian students, he highlighted, "processing times for Indian students seeking a visit to Australia are now very short. We had a period up to COVID where there was an explosion where we weren't able to cope with that and press sometimes for longer. Now they are shorter". On Defence, he pointed out that both sides are, "just normalising closer cooperation with defence and security agencies here in India and back in Canberra and that continues to go from strength to strength". He also spoke on other issues like Australia is dealing with the Khalistani extremists, Quad, India in the Pacific, & more. WION: It has been a landmark year between Australia and India. What were the key outcomes of the 2+2 Defence and Foreign Ministers meeting that took place in Delhi 2 weeks ago? Philip Green: Well, it's great to be with you Siddhant especially just so soon after what was very successful 2+2. I think the key framing for the two plus two, as you said, is that it's been a landmark year between Australia and India. We are closer than we have ever been, and in the strategic field, there's a very high level of alignment. And that was evident in the conversations I've been in a lot of these ministerial dialogues. And this was businesslike, purposeful and with a real sense of shared objective. Our ministers respect each other and it was a very good conversation. You asked what came out of it. We will do more together on the maritime domain, We will do more together in cohering the work of our diplomats across the Indo Pacific on strategic fields where we very much feel alike. And then there were particular announcements on work together on hydrography , on a 1.5 track Strategic Dialogue that our officials and ministers and academicians will have together. We will continue aircraft deployments to each other's territory and indeed naval deployments to each other's territory. So there will be a stronger sense of interoperability to put into our forces and normalizing the already higher level of activity between our forces that we see. Also a bit of discussion on important economic spheres in space, especially the green energy supply chain where Australia and India have complementary interests and we can work together. So overall, it was a really terrific hit out and I think I know our ministers left feeling very much satisfied that this bilateral relationship continues to be on a clearly upward trajectory. WION: The relationship on upward trajectory, but briefly, how do you characterize this relationship today? Philip Green: It's at the highest point that it's ever been. And my Prime Minister has given me a very clear signal, but what he expects me to do is to push it as far and as fast as we possibly can. And, you know, for me, there are three strategic drivers. But the first is that in our views on the Indo Pacific, we are aligned in a way that we'd never have been and we're going to work together. In the economic field, there's a very high level of complementarity. Your society is growing fast and has much energy and vibrancy. We have a lot of energy, innovations, I will tell you what we have, we have the minerals, the metals, the critical minerals, the energy that can serve to support your economy as well as things in the education frame. And then the third field is what we call the human bridge, that nearly a million people of Indian origin who now make Australia home, in our context, that's a lot they're making a big, they're making big contribution to our society. And we want them to make a bigger contribution to our bilateral relationship and we're very confident that they will. Also Read | India: 13 arrested in ISIS case after NIA raids in Maharashtra, Karnataka WION: So let's now go to various pillars starting with education, we saw the opening up of an Australian university in Gujarat which is a first for India as well. So education remains an aspect if we can talk about that and especially Indian students, one of the challenges the Indian students face is the visa issues. You talk about that as well, the problems they face. Philip Green: Well, I think first of all, they don't face problems, they have success. And the processing times for Indian students seeking a visit to Australia are now very short. We had a period of up to COVID where there was an explosion where we weren't able to cope with that and press sometimes for longer. Now they are now shorter. People who have the right qualifications to go to Australia will get a visa and many are in fact that number is increasing and now Indian students are the second largest cohort of international students we have in Australia. But we're opening a whole new chapter next year, because for the first time there will be Australian branch campuses in India. And as you say, the first two will be in Gujarat and we're very much looking forward to University of Wollongong and Deakin that they will be operating courses from the middle of next year. That's a huge new development. And as a result of the Indian government's decision to allow foreign branch campuses in other parts of India apart from GIFT city, we think that there will be many who will follow the same footsteps. Also Read | PM Modi dominates Global Leader Approval ratings, tops the chart with impressive 76 percent WION: Another pillar is defense which has grown leaps and bounds. We have seen this year Indian submarines going to Australia, Indian forces taking part in exercises in Australia and of course the Malabar exercises as well. So if you can talk about the defense aspect, where do you see the focus area, any new developments which are expected to happen Philip Green: AUSTRA HIND 22 exercises took place in Australia, that's mostly army but with Navy and Air Force elements as well. It's happening in Perth, Australia with nearly 100 Indian soldiers. So I expect that higher level of tempo of exercises, higher levels of interoperability, but essentially with a start a key thing that we are going to do more on his maritime domain awareness. We have a large Indian Ocean, especially the eastern Indian Ocean, which is of interest to both of us. We can each know something about what's going on in that domain but we can't know all of it. It's massive. So working together, we can find ways of understanding more about that. And then at the day to day level, we are just normalizing closer cooperation with defense and security agencies here in India and back in Canberra and that continues to go from strength to strength. WION: How both countries are working in the Pacific. When the Deputy PM came here in India, he talked about Indian humanitarian support reaching Tonga using the MLSA. Indian PM going to the Pacific, if you can talk about India and Australia working together in the Pacific? Philip Green: You know, we've already got some really good runs on the board here. Don't forget that in the middle of COVID, it was Australia and India that cooperated to get vaccines to the Pacific. They've got vaccines manufactured in India and desperately needed by the small countries for the Pacific. Of course, we have a lot of logistic capability there. Our aircraft fly in the air all the time, and we essentially need the last mile delivery to Pacific countries are vaccines produced and donated by India. So that's a great start. As you said Prime Minister Modi was there in Papua New Guinea earlier this year. We are the largest development corporation donor to the South Pacific. We regard South Pacific countries with our family, and they are the first call of our resources. As a result, you know, we know a fair bit about what their development needs are. We respect India's capability to produce development assistance to these countries which is appropriate to their circumstances. And so our role is to provide whatever guidance and support we can to the Indian effort to provide development assistance in our meeting. Watch | Australia's High Commissioner to India speaks on the future of QUAD Summit × WION: Any trilateral initiative? Philip Green: That may be something for the future. But what we're very keen to do initially is to make sure that we provide whatever support the Indian government wants to ensure that good development assistance comes to our Pacific neighbors. WION: How do you see the Quad, and also the grapevine on the 27th January. Is Australia planning to attend that quad summit? Philip Green: I will leave announcements about the dates of the quad summit to the people who should be making them and notably Prime Minister Modi. But let me say this, I mean, I spoke to the Prime Minister when he was here for the G 20. He's very much looking forward to the quad summit and we'll be flexible to make sure that we are available at a mutually convenient time. So it's, of course, a vitally important forum for us with our traditional alliance partner, the United States, with Japan with whom we've had a deep, powerful economic partnership for decades, but now in a rapid path to developing stronger security partnerships. And with India, we have never previously seen the level of strategic alignment that we're currently showing. So for us, it's very exciting. Now, you asked about what's going on. Well, you know, I remind you that during COVID 400 million vaccines were delivered by quad countries to countries in the Indo Pacific. So there's a lot of runs already on the board. We're focused on ensuring that our region remains peaceful and that it has an open and inclusive and free character. We're providing important public goods to countries of the region that will help their sovereign capability, capabilities and counter cyber capabilities in helping them do maritime domain awareness, capabilities in building high quality sustainable infrastructure. So there's a wide canvas on which we're working. And our partnership, we think, is vital for our future and there's a huge support for it in Australia. WION: So diaspora is another aspect of the relationship. We saw when the Prime Minister traveled to Sydney, Harris Park became Little India. If we can talk about that. If we can talk about Khalistan extremists, we saw earlier this year. They were involved in protests and also action by the Australian authorities. If you can sum up the aspects of diaspora, how they are playing an important role and what Australia is doing to deal with Khalistan extremism. Philip Green: The first thing is, there are now nearly a million people of Indian origin who made Australia their home and they are making a big contribution to our society. We warmly welcome them, and we are as the government seeking to engage them in our bilateral relationship. We've set up set up a center for Australia India relations, not far from Harris Spark, which is led by two Australians of Indian origin, high quality people, and their job is to make sure that the Australian diaspora the Indian diaspora in Australia is activated so that it can benefit the bilateral relationship. But I'll give you an obvious example. People of Indian origin in Australia will understand what Australia can do and understand India's economic systems. There may be ways in which they can support trade and economic activity between our nations. That's an opportunity we don't want to miss. So you spoke about Khalistan. Look. What is very important in Australia, is that the two things that are vitally important , people have the right to demonstrate and undertake a peaceful protest. That's a core part of our democracy. And we will always allow that to take place. The focus is on peace and our security authorities , migration authorities and police authorities are very active in making sure that those demonstrations, when they occur, happen within normal parameters. We are acutely focused on defending the properties of the Indian consul general, the high commission that is important for India's respect and dignity and we spend a lot of effort making sure that no problems occur there and they haven't. WION: But there were certain reports of the Hindu temples being vandalized in Australia. I mean, what has been the action taken on that? Philip Green: Well, those activities if they have occurred will be closely investigated by Australian police authorities. That sort of activity warrants the police doing the best investigation that they possibly can, whether they will actually be able to find the perpetrators. We can't tell. But I can assure you that there is a very deep focus not just in the federal government in Australia, but also in state governments on avoiding these sorts of actions and undertaking the correct police response. Whenever they do. WION: India and Australia share an ocean, the Indian ocean. how both countries are working together in the Indian Ocean to deal with problems like illegal fishing like piracy, human trafficking, so any mechanism which is being dealt with or whoever Philip Green: There is always talks about maritime domain awareness so that we both understand better what is happening in our shared Indian Ocean. And all of the fields that you mentioned are fields in which we are acting. I have staff from the Navy. I have staff from the Australian Border Force, from the Australian home affairs authorities and a day does not go past where they are not engaging with their Indian counterparts about these activities. So we will be doing more because we take ever more seriously the significance of them, especially the Northeast Indian Ocean, and for us for Australia as we take a greater focus on that area of the world. and it's important that we have decided to host an Indian Ocean conference of ministers in Perth in February next year as part of that effort. As we undertake that closer engagement in the Indian Ocean, India will be our most vital partner. WION: So my last question to you is how much China is a concern for Australia, here in Delhi, China is a major concern with the at the border, you have been facing problems as well if we can sum up the China problem in the Indo Pacific. Philip Green: If iI sum it up, we will cooperate with China where we can and we will disagree with them where we must. We have an economic relationship with China which is important to us. Our Prime Minister made a visit to China recently and we have had some imperfections in our bilateral economic relations and some of those have been resolved. We're pleased about that. We think that engagement with China and a level of cooperation with China is valuable. But we have differences with China. We ask the question, why is it that China is taking the biggest military modernization in the world since the Second World War and that is happening without as far as we can see any open source explanation of its rationale or any strategic reassurance about what support. So, we are cooperating with China where we can but we will disagree and we will ask questions of them where we must on issues that are difficult.

India most vital partner in Indian ocean: Australian Envoy Philip Green to WION

Maldives on Thursday (Dec 7) skipped key Colombo security dialogue held in Mauritius, raising eyebrows over the country's commitment to regional security cooperation mechanism that deals with challenges in the Indian ocean.

The Colombo security dialogue involves India, Maldives, Mauritius, and Sri Lanka, and focuses on addressing security challenges in the Indian Ocean region. Notably, only the National Security Advisers (NSAs) of India, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius were present during the meeting on Thursday. 
 
The development occurred on the same day when Maldives Vice President Hussain Mohamed Latheef was in China for the meeting of 'China-Indian Ocean Region Forum on Development Cooperation,' organised by the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA).

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-and-maldives-core-group-to-discuss-usage-of-indian-military-platforms-665815">India and Maldives core group to discuss usage of Indian military platforms</a>

Last year, Maldives skipped the China forum on the Indian Ocean, with no official representation from the Maldivian government. This absence was a source of embarrassment for Beijing, which had claimed representation from Maldives.

This latest development occurs amidst indications that the new leadership in Maldives is actively reaching out to countries such as&nbsp;Turkey and China, possibly signaling a shift in its diplomatic ties, including those with India.&nbsp;

Also watch |&nbsp;Indian troops in Maldives to leave: President Muizzu

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The new Maldives President Mohamed Muizzu&nbsp;travelled to Turkey in his first visit abroad, junking the traditional policy of new Maldives Presidents visiting India in their first visits abroad.

In Mauritius capital&nbsp;Port Louis, India was represented by NSA Ajit Doval, who participated in the 6th NSA-level Meeting of the Colombo Security Conclave.

In his statement, NSA Doval emphasised the crucial role of the conclave in "ensuring regional security and stability and highlighted the significance of continued engagements under the different pillars of cooperation".

The Indian NSA also called on&nbsp;Prime Minister of Mauritius,&nbsp;Pravind Kumar Jugnauth.&nbsp;

The 6th NSA-level Meeting hosted by Mauritius saw member states reviewing progress and build consensus on a Roadmap of Activities for 2024. The importance of the conclave in ensuring the safety, security, and stability of the Indian Ocean Region was reiterated.

Established in 2020, the Conclave aimed to expand the scope and membership of the Trilateral Meeting on Maritime Cooperation between India, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Mauritius joined the Conclave during the fifth NSA-level meeting in Male, Maldives last year. Cooperation under the Colombo Security Conclave focuses on five pillars, including maritime safety and security, countering terrorism, combating trafficking and transnational organised crime, cyber security, and protection of critical infrastructure, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.

Bangladesh and Seychelles participate in the meetings as Observer States.

Over the past year, member and observer states have engaged in various activities, covering marine pollution, maritime law, coastal security, and cyber security. In addition to NSA-level meetings, the Colombo Security Conclave also convenes Deputy NSA-level meetings to oversee the implementation of decisions.

The next NSA-level meeting of the&nbsp;Colombo Security Conclave is scheduled to take place in India in 2024.&nbsp;

Maldives on Thursday (Dec 7) skipped key Colombo security dialogue held in Mauritius, raising eyebrows over the country's commitment to regional security cooperation mechanism that deals with challenges in the Indian ocean.

Maldives on Thursday (Dec 7) skipped key Colombo security dialogue held in Mauritius, raising eyebrows over the country's commitment to regional security cooperation mechanism that deals with challenges in the Indian ocean. The Colombo security dialogue involves India, Maldives, Mauritius, and Sri Lanka, and focuses on addressing security challenges in the Indian Ocean region. Notably, only the National Security Advisers (NSAs) of India, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius were present during the meeting on Thursday. The development occurred on the same day when Maldives Vice President Hussain Mohamed Latheef was in China for the meeting of 'China-Indian Ocean Region Forum on Development Cooperation,' organised by the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA). Also read | India and Maldives core group to discuss usage of Indian military platforms Last year, Maldives skipped the China forum on the Indian Ocean, with no official representation from the Maldivian government. This absence was a source of embarrassment for Beijing, which had claimed representation from Maldives. This latest development occurs amidst indications that the new leadership in Maldives is actively reaching out to countries such as Turkey and China, possibly signaling a shift in its diplomatic ties, including those with India. Also watch | Indian troops in Maldives to leave: President Muizzu × The new Maldives President Mohamed Muizzu travelled to Turkey in his first visit abroad, junking the traditional policy of new Maldives Presidents visiting India in their first visits abroad. In Mauritius capital Port Louis, India was represented by NSA Ajit Doval, who participated in the 6th NSA-level Meeting of the Colombo Security Conclave. In his statement, NSA Doval emphasised the crucial role of the conclave in "ensuring regional security and stability and highlighted the significance of continued engagements under the different pillars of cooperation". The Indian NSA also called on Prime Minister of Mauritius, Pravind Kumar Jugnauth. The 6th NSA-level Meeting hosted by Mauritius saw member states reviewing progress and build consensus on a Roadmap of Activities for 2024. The importance of the conclave in ensuring the safety, security, and stability of the Indian Ocean Region was reiterated. Established in 2020, the Conclave aimed to expand the scope and membership of the Trilateral Meeting on Maritime Cooperation between India, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Mauritius joined the Conclave during the fifth NSA-level meeting in Male, Maldives last year. Cooperation under the Colombo Security Conclave focuses on five pillars, including maritime safety and security, countering terrorism, combating trafficking and transnational organised crime, cyber security, and protection of critical infrastructure, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. Bangladesh and Seychelles participate in the meetings as Observer States. Over the past year, member and observer states have engaged in various activities, covering marine pollution, maritime law, coastal security, and cyber security. In addition to NSA-level meetings, the Colombo Security Conclave also convenes Deputy NSA-level meetings to oversee the implementation of decisions. The next NSA-level meeting of the Colombo Security Conclave is scheduled to take place in India in 2024.

Maldives skips key Colombo Security Dialogue in Mauritius

Sixth meeting of the Security Conclave was held in Mauritius' capital Port Louis on Thursday. The meeting was attended by the National Security Advisers of member nation - India, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius along with senior delegates.

NSA-level meet: Nations agree on security roadmap for Indian Ocean region

Seychelles Foreign Minister Sylvestre Radegonde has termed India as the " champion of the causes and the concerns of the south" & lauded India's "sterling leadership" to the G20 grouping.

Seychelles Foreign Minister Sylvestre Radegonde has termed India as the " champion of the causes and the concerns of the south" & lauded India's "sterling leadership" to the G20 grouping. Earlier in the week, the FM, who was on a three-day visit to India, held talks with External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar. In an exclusive interview with WION's diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, Radegonde emphasised the collaborative nature of India's development initiatives, stating, "India offers support, never imposes on anybody. It is for Seychelles to accept or not...we are happy in areas that are of our national interest, in our national interest to cooperate with India and continue in that." Both sides have been engaged in Defence as a key pillar of ties with India giving the Indian Ocean island country with patrol vessels and Dornier aircraft. Radegonde noted the importance of India-installed coastal surveillance radar systems, stating, "These radars are placed in strategic positions around our territory and help us in the work that we need to do, monitoring that vast expanse of ocean that we have." He also spoke on the upcoming COP summit in Dubai and the challenges of climate change. Here is the full interview. WION: My first question to you, how were your conversations with the Indian External Affairs Minister, Dr. S Jaisankar? So, what were the conversations like? Sylvestre Radegonde: I am here, as you rightly say, at the invitation of the External Affairs Minister, it's an invitation that I should have accepted quite a while back, and I'm happy that it's finally happened. Seychelles and India have very strong, long-standing relations in various fields. India supports Seychelles in many areas. And I think it was good for us to sit down. the minister and I, for us to sort of look at where we are. Look at issues that may, may happen, in our relations, try and find solutions for them. But more importantly, see how we can progress, and take those relationships forward. So this is what we did. WION: And how do you characterise this relationship, if you can sum up briefly, where ties are? Sylvestre Radegonde: The relations are excellent. India has over the years, since our independence in 1976, been a solid dependable partner. And are very happy with the way things are. We sort of have similar views on many issues and we share the ocean. So I'm glad, yes, at some rate it is an excellent relationship. WION: How do you see the development partnership between the 2 countries from buses to High Impact Community Development Projects to building Roof-Top Solar Panels on Government Buildings? Sylvestre Radegonde: The relationship goes beyond that actually, is multifaceted, at the height of COVID, India helped us with vaccines, which helped us open up the country and saved our tourism industry and the economy of the country. But before that, and since then, there's been a lot of cooperation in the maritime sector, in defence. India has several military advisors in Seychelles. India supports us in capacity building, and scholarships not only military but in other areas, but as you say, yes, in our transport sector, our public transport system is made up of databases and this continues. New areas of cooperation apart from building on existing ones, we have areas in which India can help us. We have a program that started a few years ago, what we call the high-impact community projects, where India supports us in financing projects in the districts and villages that are directly impacting the community, building bridges, roads and so on. This will continue but also we've discussed the possibility of India supporting socializing. So we need to discuss further and sort of agree on both in terms of number and other details associated with that. WION: The strong India link, President Wavel Ramkalawan himself is a person of Indian origin, so how do you see the historic people-to-people link Sylvestre Radegonde: The Indians were one of the first to arrive in these islands, over 250 years ago. As you know, Seychelles, the islands were uninhabited until the French with African settlers and some Indians came there and settled and since then, the Indian population, now the diaspora, has grown and is fully part of the Seychelles nation. We look at them as Seychellwa, if you want to push it further, of Indian origin, and the President itself is one of those. His grandparents came, I think, from Bihar. The Indian community in Seychelles, play a vital role, in the development of the country, and in the economic activities they do and help with the growth of the economy. WION: In terms of Defence, we have seen increased engagement, including, visit of Indian navy ships, if you can talk about that. They played a key role in the mapping of EEZ. Sylvestre Radegonde: There is mapping of EEZ, but beyond that, there are areas of direct interest to Seychelles. Seychelles is a small country made up of 115 islands in an ocean, that's 1.3 million square kilometres. For us to be able to patrol this ocean that is infested with drug trafficking, trafficking in arms, and Illegal fishing is almost impossible. India has been consistently there by our side to help us patrol the ocean. Basically, in many cases, arresting ships that have come in with drugs and so on. So this is a cooperation we value. It's one area where the interests of India and Seychelles converge, and we're happy to collaborate with them, in addition to that, India has provided us with some patrol vessels, which we make very good use of, and as I said earlier, all the support and training that they provide. WION: India has gifted Dornier aircraft, and handed over a Fast Patrol Vessel to you, any more such requests? Sylvestre Radegonde: We will continue to cooperate together. We have discussed with the minister other areas that we can cooperate in. Maybe I will not go into detail at the moment. But I think whatever we have agreed is, the commitment that I've had is that India is ready to support Seychelles in whatever area it needs to support. And the support that has been given to us is that India offers support, and never imposes on anybody. It is for Seychelles to accept or not. But so far, there's nothing that is unpalatable. If unpalatable is the term, we are happy in areas that are of our national interest, in our national interest to cooperate with India. Sidhant Sibal: India gifted and installed six coastal surveillance radar systems in Seychelles in 2015, how has that helped in your security Sylvestre Radegonde: It forms part of the whole package, in monitoring that vast expanse of ocean that we have. So, these radars are placed in strategic positions around our territory and help us in the work that we need to do. WION: Essentially, if we talk about India's role as a country that hosted several summits, we had the voice of the Global South summit, we had the G20 summit, How do you see India as a voice of the Global South? If you can talk about that. Sylvestre Radegonde: Look, if we take the G 20, I think India has provided sterling leadership to that group. I think it was clear that India was the champion of the South and did make the point and several issues concerning the South. We are happy and we congratulate India for finally, after all the talk for so many years, that the African Union is a member of the G 20. So absolutely we are confident that India is a developing country, and is a champion of the causes and the concerns of the south and that is why when India asks us for support, in international organizations, for support on candidatures we are comfortable to support because we know India is a friend. WION: Candidature for support, India's bid for UNSC? Sylvestre Radegonde: India's request for us to support them in candidature in various international organisations. Be it UNSC, IMO and others, we are happy to support India. WION: The African Union became a member of the grouping, the G 20 grouping. How do you see the inclusion of the African Union at the high table, we know that Africa is keen that there is a seat at the high table at the UNSC as well. What is your take on that as well? Sylvestre Radegonde: At the level of G 20, or any institution, anybody, any group of countries, I think it's good that Africa can be its own advocate, be able to be there, make its own case. With regards to the UN Security Council, we've advocated for years that membership needs to be enlarged. The role of Africa, as is for other countries, needs to be recognized. We cannot continue on a mechanism, on a setup dating back after the Second World War. So absolutely, I think Africa has its role to play. And we were happy that countries like India are supporting us in this endeavour. WION: Do you see a greater divide between the global north and the Global South because I'm asking this question because when the Ukraine conflict started, it was the global south that suffered but when the UNSC discussions happened, it was not about the worries of the Global South. Sylvestre Radegonde: It is the case all the time, isn't it? We see that almost everywhere. And I think the problem we have, Seychelles as a small country is the hypocrisy is too big a word, but we see a lot of declarations which are made, supposedly in favour of the south, in our case, in favour of the small island developing states but then they ended up being just conversations. And after that, when the lights go off, you know everybody goes back to what they've been doing before. WION: I sense disappointment when you say this from the people who are running the global institutions, whether it is the UNSC or other institutions, do you think that the voice of the global south is somehow not being represented at the high table? And if yes, what can be done? Sylvestre Radegonde: It's not being represented? Absolutely. But what can we do? We cannot, you know, keep the doors open. We need to continue making our case, there's advocacy that we do ourselves, but then we look to friends, to other partners to help us make the international community understand that we need to have a voice, we need to be able to make our own case and defend our case. WION: You said you look at friends, do you think that India can be that friend that can be the voice of the Global South? You do think so Sylvestre Radegonde: Without any doubt, Seychelles is comfortable that India has been consistently, been on the side of the developing south and will continue to do so. The short answer is yes without any doubt. WION: Seychelles might be territorially small, but it is a large oceanic state. It's at the heart of the Indian Ocean from where major trade routes pass. It has also seen increased geopolitical tensions. There are concerns over illegal fishing. How do you sense the security situation in the Indian Ocean if you can talk about that? Sylvestre Radegonde: Illegal fishing is a big problem. Also, as I said at the beginning of the interview, illegal arms trafficking, and drugs, are a massive problem and with drugs and arms trafficking poses problems. So that is why you know we have, you know, security arrangements with not only India but other countries in the region. For your information. We signed an agreement with the EU recently, whereby the EU mandate in the Indian Ocean has been extended to include precisely arms trafficking, and drug trafficking, and Seychelles has offered itself first country to do it, first itself as a possibility for us to receive these people that are arrested on the high seas, prosecute and imprison them. It's a tall order for a small country, it is very risky, but it is in our national interest to do it. There is no other way. WION: You talk about the EU but are you looking at any specific countries? For example, France, which sees itself as a resident power here in the Indian Ocean, Sylvestre Radegonde: It's every country that is able to assist. France is another partner in the region because they have a presence on the island of a Reunion. So a lot of the patrolling that we do, a lot of the actions activities that we do, are in collaboration with partners that have an interest in the region. WION: Any trilateral with India, France and Seychelles coming up? Sylvestre Radegonde: We do not foresee any sort of formal trilateral as you call it, arrangement. We talked to everybody and I'm sure everybody is talking to each other. But we find an arrangement where, you know, our various interests converge and we work together. WION: When it comes to India, Africa's relationship has been growing, India's historical relationship with Africa. How do you see India's role in African Development? Also, what were the plans for the India-Africa summit? There was conversation as well happening. What are you looking at when it comes to the India-Africa summit, which is expected to happen very soon? Sylvestre Radegonde: With the Africa summit, unfortunately, because of circumstances I mean, I think the last one was in 2015. Yes. 2015, when the next one was due, we had covid. But now discussions are on for us to convene the summit, sometime soon, hopefully during the course of next year, or the year after, and this time in Africa, somewhere. No, absolutely. I think with regards to India's position on the world stage, its interest and its support for the countries in the South. I think it's good that this cooperation can continue. And the Africa-India summit provides a forum for us to look at how we can cooperate together. WION: In the Indian Ocean, how do you see, I mean, how do you see engagement of other countries, for example, China, and how do you see your relationship with China? Sylvestre Radegonde: With regard to our relationship with China, we have an excellent relationship with China. So as India and China are concerned it is not an either or both countries, you know, we've been friends with since Independence, that continues. The support that we get from India. China also supports us in other areas, primarily, infrastructure, and infrastructure development in the country. And that we see will continue without any issue whatsoever. WION: How do you support the Multi-dimensional Vulnerability Index Sylvestre Radegonde: This is one thing we've been pushing for ages. Because we were impacted directly, you know, this business of high GDP per capita, which really impacts us. Today, getting a loan on the international market is so difficult for us, because we are considered a high-income country. Basically, when we go to borrow, from any other financial institution, we do so at the rate applicable to any rich country. We said that this is not fair. There's got to be other criteria that's used, apart from our GDP per capita. So the Multi-dimensional Vulnerability Index is vital, work has been done by the UN. A report has been submitted. Now we'll look at how this report is rolled out, so that we eventually, finally reach an agreement with all the partners, especially the financing institutions, that we will have a mechanism that takes into consideration criteria other than GDP per capita. WION: On the COP Summit. What do you have to say? How does climate change impact you? your stance on the summit and the Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflict, what is the stance of your government and how does it impact you? Sylvestre Radegonde: Look, I think, COP, I hope next month in Dubai, we will have a COP coming out with concrete resolutions that everybody and all the partners can apply. Up to now, there's been a lot of talk, in my view, a lot of declarations of intent, that have not happened. You know, we have, when you see okay, very good. then you see some conditions appear at the bottom of the page that exclude Seychelles. Climate change is a big issue for us, and the environment, we see it every day. We can see the rise of sea level, we can see the erosion of our coastline. So it is in our interest that the world acts and acts now. We cannot continue to postpone. Now in terms of, you know, protecting ourselves, we need the funds. A small country we cannot do it on our own but the international community will have to stop talking about it and make the funds available for us to be able to do that. WION: Are you not very hopeful about the COP, you are sounding again not very optimistic... And when it comes to funds, it's the Western countries I would say that haven't fulfilled their commitments. Sylvestre Radegonde: You're right to note that I'm not optimistic. I would yeah, I would say I'm not optimistic not to say pessimistic generally. Why? Because there's been talk before and we've got nothing to show for it. While everybody's telling you that, you know, funding is a problem, it will take time. We need to source funds and whatever, the conflict in Ukraine happens overnight. You see the millions that are being poured into Ukraine. So you see what I mean. So when it concerns that direct interest, they find the funds but when you talk about protecting vulnerable countries, it's yes, yes, yes. It's something in the past, you know, distance does not touch them directly. We will see. You see what I mean. So that is the position we have. With the situation in Ukraine. What was the second part of your question situation Ukraine, as it is the situation as is the situation in the Middle East, we would like to see, you know that this problem be resolved. We are happy that in the Middle East, there's a ceasefire now. I think we will be able to prolong it. People have to sit down and come back to the negotiating table and Seychelles calls for understanding, and accepting the two-state solution. There is no other way. Because this problem unless it's addressed in its true context. It's going to carry on. eternally and we cannot carry on like this. WION: If I can just sum up your comment on COP, you are basically saying that the West has the funds when it is needed for some conflict, in this case, the Ukraine conflict but shies away when it comes to giving money where it's required, especially when it comes to climate change. Sylvestre Radegonde: You have said it Sidhant Sibal: Thank you, sir, for speaking with WION.

Exclusive: Seychelles Foreign Minister Radegonde says India has championed Global South causes

In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling. The research, findings for which were published in the journal of Endangered Species Research, was based on a year’s worth of underwater audio recordings which found that the animals spend months in the region.

<h2>What is the study about?</h2>

The study published earlier this month&nbsp;is based on researchers and filmmakers who managed to capture the footage of blue whales between 2020 and 2021 which also features in the documentary film Return of the Giants.

According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), blue whales are the largest animals on Earth and are found in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. However, their numbers significantly declined during the 1900s after commercial whaling.&nbsp;

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists blue whales as an endangered species primarily due to commercial whaling which has left a lasting impact on the number of these mammals which is said to be a fraction of what they used to be.&nbsp;

The study also noted how the Seychelles was once an “opportunistic whaling ground” in the 1960s for Soviet whalers who illegally killed as many as 500 blue whales.&nbsp;

The study was conducted by a group of researchers and filmmakers during a month-long expedition where one of the lead researchers, Dr Kate Stafford, as per BBC, would spend a few hours each day using a hydrophone in the hopes of capturing the sound of blue whales in the region.&nbsp;

This was in addition to a “sound trap” which was reportedly fitted for a year near the seabed close to Seychelles and comprised of underwater microphones, batteries and recording devices. These devices would record 15 minutes of every hour each day.&nbsp;

<h2>What did the researchers find?</h2>

The research suggests that blue whales may be using the region as a breeding ground after the mammals’ signature – a very low-frequency – song was caught on record by the fitted a “sound trap”. Blue whales, as per researchers, sing during the breeding season and the song was heard particularly during March and April.&nbsp;

“This means the Seychelles could be really important for blue whales,” Dr Stafford told BBC.&nbsp;

 
“They sing during the breeding season and we think it’s probably the males who are singing, based on what we know about other whales,” added one of the lead authors.

She also spoke about the region being a possible “breeding area or a nursery area”.&nbsp;

The researcher noted that since the island nation does not receive a lot of ship traffic, it is a “nice, quiet, safe place” for blue whales.&nbsp;

Seychelles, as a part of the “debt for nature” swap, has formally protected about 400,000 square kilometres around the island, in exchange for having around $22 million of its national debt written off.&nbsp;

Scientists also found that the blue whales would only communicate when they were not around and that’s why it was only through the analysis of the recordings from the sound trap that they were able to discover blue whales in the region.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling.

In a win for conservation efforts, researchers found that blue whales have returned to a region of the Indian Ocean near Seychelles from where the largest animals on Earth were once wiped out due to whaling. The research, findings for which were published in the journal of Endangered Species Research, was based on a year’s worth of underwater audio recordings which found that the animals spend months in the region. What is the study about? The study published earlier this month is based on researchers and filmmakers who managed to capture the footage of blue whales between 2020 and 2021 which also features in the documentary film Return of the Giants. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), blue whales are the largest animals on Earth and are found in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. However, their numbers significantly declined during the 1900s after commercial whaling. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists blue whales as an endangered species primarily due to commercial whaling which has left a lasting impact on the number of these mammals which is said to be a fraction of what they used to be. The study also noted how the Seychelles was once an “opportunistic whaling ground” in the 1960s for Soviet whalers who illegally killed as many as 500 blue whales. The study was conducted by a group of researchers and filmmakers during a month-long expedition where one of the lead researchers, Dr Kate Stafford, as per BBC, would spend a few hours each day using a hydrophone in the hopes of capturing the sound of blue whales in the region. This was in addition to a “sound trap” which was reportedly fitted for a year near the seabed close to Seychelles and comprised of underwater microphones, batteries and recording devices. These devices would record 15 minutes of every hour each day. What did the researchers find? The research suggests that blue whales may be using the region as a breeding ground after the mammals’ signature – a very low-frequency – song was caught on record by the fitted a “sound trap”. Blue whales, as per researchers, sing during the breeding season and the song was heard particularly during March and April. “This means the Seychelles could be really important for blue whales,” Dr Stafford told BBC. “They sing during the breeding season and we think it’s probably the males who are singing, based on what we know about other whales,” added one of the lead authors. She also spoke about the region being a possible “breeding area or a nursery area”. The researcher noted that since the island nation does not receive a lot of ship traffic, it is a “nice, quiet, safe place” for blue whales. Seychelles, as a part of the “debt for nature” swap, has formally protected about 400,000 square kilometres around the island, in exchange for having around $22 million of its national debt written off. Scientists also found that the blue whales would only communicate when they were not around and that’s why it was only through the analysis of the recordings from the sound trap that they were able to discover blue whales in the region. (With inputs from agencies)

Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study

A powerful earthquake of magnitude 6.2 struck Sri Lanka on Tuesday (Nov 14)&nbsp;afternoon, according to the National Center for Seismology. The seismic event occurred at 12:31:10 IST, with coordinates at -2.96 latitude and 86.54 longitude, and a depth of 10 km.

The epicentre&nbsp;was located 1326 km southeast of Colombo, Sri Lanka. While there are no immediate reports of casualties, the Geological Survey and Mines Bureau affirmed that there is no danger to Sri Lanka, stating&nbsp;that the earthquake took place 800 km southeast of the country in the Indian Ocean.

Additionally, on Monday, the European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC) reported a magnitude 4.9 earthquake in the border region between South Sudan and Uganda, with a depth of 8 km.

Meanwhile, Tajikistan experienced a magnitude 4.9 earthquake on Monday (Nov 13) evening, as confirmed by the National Center for Seismology. The tremors, felt at approximately 5:46 pm, originated at a depth of 194 km, with coordinates at 38.73 latitude and 72.49 longitude. The NCS provided detailed information, stating, "Earthquake of Magnitude:4.9, Occurred on 13-11-2023, 17:46:37 IST, Lat: 38.73 &amp; Long: 72.49, Depth: 194 Km, Location: Tajikistan."

(With inputs from agencies)

A powerful earthquake of magnitude 6.2 struck Sri Lanka on Tuesday (Nov 14) afternoon, according to the National Center for Seismology. The seismic event occurred at 12:31:10 IST, with coordinates at -2.

A powerful earthquake of magnitude 6.2 struck Sri Lanka on Tuesday (Nov 14) afternoon, according to the National Center for Seismology. The seismic event occurred at 12:31:10 IST, with coordinates at -2.96 latitude and 86.54 longitude, and a depth of 10 km. The epicentre was located 1326 km southeast of Colombo, Sri Lanka. While there are no immediate reports of casualties, the Geological Survey and Mines Bureau affirmed that there is no danger to Sri Lanka, stating that the earthquake took place 800 km southeast of the country in the Indian Ocean. Additionally, on Monday, the European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC) reported a magnitude 4.9 earthquake in the border region between South Sudan and Uganda, with a depth of 8 km. Meanwhile, Tajikistan experienced a magnitude 4.9 earthquake on Monday (Nov 13) evening, as confirmed by the National Center for Seismology. The tremors, felt at approximately 5:46 pm, originated at a depth of 194 km, with coordinates at 38.73 latitude and 72.49 longitude. The NCS provided detailed information, stating, "Earthquake of Magnitude:4.9, Occurred on 13-11-2023, 17:46:37 IST, Lat: 38.73 & Long: 72.49, Depth: 194 Km, Location: Tajikistan." (With inputs from agencies)

Sri Lanka jolted by powerful 6.2 magnitude earthquake

Disguised as conducting scientific examinations in the Indian Ocean, Chinese vessels are presently engaged in extensive surveys across vast regions of the Indian Ocean Region.

Why a Chinese ship's research in Sri Lanka has caused alarm in India and the West |  WION Dispatch

Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry.

The vessel, which had been in Colombo since Wednesday, was initially allowed into the main port for "replenishments" amid concerns about its potential use for espionage.

The decision to allow marine research under monitoring comes in response to India's previous security concerns regarding China's increasing presence in the Indian Ocean and its strategic influence in Sri Lanka.

<h2>Security concerns and surveillance</h2>

Sri Lanka had previously expressed concerns about the ship's potential espionage capabilities.

To address these concerns, the vessel has been granted a limited timeframe for research activities, with local scientists and researchers onboard, along with monitoring by the Sri Lanka navy.

The vessel, Shi Yan 6, measures 90 metres&nbsp;and is anchored at Colombo harbour, which is operated by a Chinese state-run company. In the past, the docking of Chinese submarines in Sri Lanka had raised protests from India, further fueling regional security apprehensions.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/chinese-spy-vessel-shin-yan-6-docks-at-colombo-port-amidst-indias-security-concerns-651161">Also read |&nbsp;Chinese ‘research vessel’ Shin Yan 6 docks at Colombo Port amid India’s security concerns</a>

Chinese state broadcaster CGTN categorises Shi Yan 6 as a "scientific research vessel" with a crew of 60, focusing on oceanography, geology, and marine ecology tests. However, similar vessels, such as the Yuan Wang 5, have raised suspicions due to their potential dual-use capabilities for spacecraft tracking. The latter vessel, which specialises in spacecraft tracking, had visited Sri Lanka the previous year and docked in Hambantota port, located in the south of Sri Lanka, under a 99-year lease with a Chinese company.

<h2>Why is India concerned?</h2>

Disguised as conducting scientific examinations in the Indian Ocean, Chinese vessels are presently engaged in extensive surveys across vast regions of the Indian Ocean Region.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/how-chinas-scientific-ships-can-pave-way-to-chinese-submarine-deployment-near-india-643123">Also read |&nbsp;How China's 'scientific' ships can pave way to Chinese submarine deployment near India</a>

The data collected is of immense significance for Chinese submarines manoeuvring through the shallow waters of the Malacca Strait and traversing the Eastern Indian Ocean, a situation causing significant apprehension for India.

WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

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Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry.

Sri Lanka has permitted the Chinese research vessel Shi Yan 6 to conduct marine research under supervision for a two-day period along its west coast, according to the country's foreign ministry. The vessel, which had been in Colombo since Wednesday, was initially allowed into the main port for "replenishments" amid concerns about its potential use for espionage. The decision to allow marine research under monitoring comes in response to India's previous security concerns regarding China's increasing presence in the Indian Ocean and its strategic influence in Sri Lanka. Security concerns and surveillance Sri Lanka had previously expressed concerns about the ship's potential espionage capabilities. To address these concerns, the vessel has been granted a limited timeframe for research activities, with local scientists and researchers onboard, along with monitoring by the Sri Lanka navy. The vessel, Shi Yan 6, measures 90 metres and is anchored at Colombo harbour, which is operated by a Chinese state-run company. In the past, the docking of Chinese submarines in Sri Lanka had raised protests from India, further fueling regional security apprehensions. Also read | Chinese ‘research vessel’ Shin Yan 6 docks at Colombo Port amid India’s security concerns Chinese state broadcaster CGTN categorises Shi Yan 6 as a "scientific research vessel" with a crew of 60, focusing on oceanography, geology, and marine ecology tests. However, similar vessels, such as the Yuan Wang 5, have raised suspicions due to their potential dual-use capabilities for spacecraft tracking. The latter vessel, which specialises in spacecraft tracking, had visited Sri Lanka the previous year and docked in Hambantota port, located in the south of Sri Lanka, under a 99-year lease with a Chinese company. Why is India concerned? Disguised as conducting scientific examinations in the Indian Ocean, Chinese vessels are presently engaged in extensive surveys across vast regions of the Indian Ocean Region. Also read | How China's 'scientific' ships can pave way to Chinese submarine deployment near India The data collected is of immense significance for Chinese submarines manoeuvring through the shallow waters of the Malacca Strait and traversing the Eastern Indian Ocean, a situation causing significant apprehension for India. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Shin Yan 6: Sri Lanka allows 48-hour research window to Chinese vessel amid spying concerns

Amid the growing concerns in India about Beijing's increased activity in the Indian Ocean, another Chinese vessel has made its presence in the Sri Lankan port. This is the second vessel to be present in 14 months. According to China, Shiyan 6 is a research vessel which arrived at the Colombo port on Wednesday.

Chinese vessel docks at Colombo port | WION Dispatch

China's research vessel in Colombo; Shi Yan 6 arrives at Colombo port

The latest Chinese 'scientific' ship to venture into the expansive Indian Ocean is the Shi Yan 6. Currently headed to Sri Lanka's Hambantota Port, it's described by Chinese media as a "scientific research vessel" operated by a crew of 60. The ship is equipped to conduct various experiments in oceanography, marine geology, and marine ecology.

This three-month voyage, driven by multidisciplinary observations, seeks to gather extensive fundamental data. It aims to uncover how dynamic processes impact biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and sedimentary processes in the region, elucidate the geographical patterns of biodiversity, understand the response of biological communities to physical processes, and gain insights into paleoclimate changes.

This expedition is expected to enhance scientific research collaboration with nations along the Maritime Silk Road, contributing to the integration of science and education in support of the Belt and Road Initiative, according to China.

Costing over 500 million yuan (approximately $77 million), Shi Yan 6 is recognised as a key asset among China's 3,000-tonne deep-ocean research vessels.

But why is India closely monitoring these research vessels?

"These are primarily civilian ships and not military vessels, so there are no objections to their presence on the high seas," said Commodore Anil Jai Singh, Vice President, Indian Maritime Foundation who spoke to WION.

This essentially means that as long as these vessels remain outside Indian waters, China,&nbsp; or any other nation, can carry out their research activities without issue.

While conducting marine scientific research in international waters is not restricted under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, states are required to seek <a href="https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/part13.htm">permission</a> at least six months in advance for research within another country's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) , or continental shelf.

"With the People’s Liberation Army Navy expanding its presence in the Indian Ocean, Chinese research vessels frequently make trips to the region, primarily in the eastern Indian Ocean. In 2019, they encroached into India’s EEZ, prompting intervention by the Indian Navy,"&nbsp; said Commodore Singh.

"Since then, they have stayed out of Indian waters but continue to operate in the eastern Indian Ocean, conducting seemingly benign activities such as seabed mapping and resource assessment. However, their actual focus lies in collecting hydrographic data, including temperature, pressure, and salinity profiles, which is crucial for submarine operations."&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Is China spying in the Indian Ocean?

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<h2>Importance of hydrographic data</h2>

Understanding the hydrographic profile of the sea enables better deployment of submarines, determining optimal depths and operating conditions.

"Given the opaqueness of the underwater domain, limited knowledge exists about its workings. Therefore, the more information you possess about this underwater realm, the more effectively you can operate your submarines," added Commodore Singh.

Additionally, hydrographic conditions can undergo multiple changes daily, such as fluctuations in sea velocity, especially in deep-sea areas.

"Even naval forces regularly monitor the hydrographic profile.&nbsp; This information guides decisions like whether the submarine is ready for attack mode, the optimal depth concerning other ships, or the suitable depth for hiding, depending on the sea's profile that day," he noted.

Any understanding of the underwater environment enhances a submarine's operating capabilities.

Likewise, for India, the more the Chinese understand the hydrographic profiles, the harder it becomes to detect Chinese submarines since they can hide optimally.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/us-echoes-indias-security-concerns-over-chinas-shi-yan-6s-port-call-to-sri-lanka-report-639407">US echoes India’s security concerns over China’s Shi Yan 6’s port call to Sri Lanka: Report</a>

In 2021, a Chinese autonomous underwater glider was discovered deep within Indonesian sovereign waters, highlighting China's interest in underwater surveillance and data collection. These gliders are instrumental in gathering scientific data on the underwater environment, including chlorophyll levels, oxygen content, and water temperature.

Apart from hydrographic know-how, seabed mapping is vital not only for resource exploration but also for assessing the feasibility of submarine "bottoming," a technique employed by navies to hide submarines on the seabed when needed.&nbsp;

Knowing the sea bed's composition (soft, sandy, rocky, or undulating) is crucial for planning such operations.

These Chinese research ships also collect underwater minerals, and metals for laboratory research. They monitor the movements and operational profiles of Indian ships, including formations and deployments, and can intercept telemetry data from rockets and missiles, which aids in tracking trajectories and ranges.&nbsp;

Overall, the presence of these Chinese research vessels does away with the element of surprise for India, noted Commodore Singh, as the Chinese gather intelligence on Indian naval activities and can anticipate and respond to India's strategic moves tactically.&nbsp;

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The latest Chinese 'scientific' ship to venture into the expansive Indian Ocean is the Shi Yan 6. Currently headed to Sri Lanka's Hambantota Port, it's described by Chinese media as a "scientific research vessel" operated by a crew of 60.

The latest Chinese 'scientific' ship to venture into the expansive Indian Ocean is the Shi Yan 6. Currently headed to Sri Lanka's Hambantota Port, it's described by Chinese media as a "scientific research vessel" operated by a crew of 60. The ship is equipped to conduct various experiments in oceanography, marine geology, and marine ecology. This three-month voyage, driven by multidisciplinary observations, seeks to gather extensive fundamental data. It aims to uncover how dynamic processes impact biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and sedimentary processes in the region, elucidate the geographical patterns of biodiversity, understand the response of biological communities to physical processes, and gain insights into paleoclimate changes. This expedition is expected to enhance scientific research collaboration with nations along the Maritime Silk Road, contributing to the integration of science and education in support of the Belt and Road Initiative, according to China. Costing over 500 million yuan (approximately $77 million), Shi Yan 6 is recognised as a key asset among China's 3,000-tonne deep-ocean research vessels. But why is India closely monitoring these research vessels? "These are primarily civilian ships and not military vessels, so there are no objections to their presence on the high seas," said Commodore Anil Jai Singh, Vice President, Indian Maritime Foundation who spoke to WION. This essentially means that as long as these vessels remain outside Indian waters, China, or any other nation, can carry out their research activities without issue. While conducting marine scientific research in international waters is not restricted under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, states are required to seek permission at least six months in advance for research within another country's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) , or continental shelf. "With the People’s Liberation Army Navy expanding its presence in the Indian Ocean, Chinese research vessels frequently make trips to the region, primarily in the eastern Indian Ocean. In 2019, they encroached into India’s EEZ, prompting intervention by the Indian Navy," said Commodore Singh. "Since then, they have stayed out of Indian waters but continue to operate in the eastern Indian Ocean, conducting seemingly benign activities such as seabed mapping and resource assessment. However, their actual focus lies in collecting hydrographic data, including temperature, pressure, and salinity profiles, which is crucial for submarine operations." Watch: Is China spying in the Indian Ocean? Importance of hydrographic data Understanding the hydrographic profile of the sea enables better deployment of submarines, determining optimal depths and operating conditions. "Given the opaqueness of the underwater domain, limited knowledge exists about its workings. Therefore, the more information you possess about this underwater realm, the more effectively you can operate your submarines," added Commodore Singh. Additionally, hydrographic conditions can undergo multiple changes daily, such as fluctuations in sea velocity, especially in deep-sea areas. "Even naval forces regularly monitor the hydrographic profile. This information guides decisions like whether the submarine is ready for attack mode, the optimal depth concerning other ships, or the suitable depth for hiding, depending on the sea's profile that day," he noted. Any understanding of the underwater environment enhances a submarine's operating capabilities. Likewise, for India, the more the Chinese understand the hydrographic profiles, the harder it becomes to detect Chinese submarines since they can hide optimally. Also read | US echoes India’s security concerns over China’s Shi Yan 6’s port call to Sri Lanka: Report In 2021, a Chinese autonomous underwater glider was discovered deep within Indonesian sovereign waters, highlighting China's interest in underwater surveillance and data collection. These gliders are instrumental in gathering scientific data on the underwater environment, including chlorophyll levels, oxygen content, and water temperature. Apart from hydrographic know-how, seabed mapping is vital not only for resource exploration but also for assessing the feasibility of submarine "bottoming," a technique employed by navies to hide submarines on the seabed when needed. Knowing the sea bed's composition (soft, sandy, rocky, or undulating) is crucial for planning such operations. These Chinese research ships also collect underwater minerals, and metals for laboratory research. They monitor the movements and operational profiles of Indian ships, including formations and deployments, and can intercept telemetry data from rockets and missiles, which aids in tracking trajectories and ranges. Overall, the presence of these Chinese research vessels does away with the element of surprise for India, noted Commodore Singh, as the Chinese gather intelligence on Indian naval activities and can anticipate and respond to India's strategic moves tactically. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

How China's 'scientific' ships can pave way to Chinese submarine deployment near India

The Indian Navy and US Navy anti-submarine warfare experts and Poseidon P-8 aircraft crew conducted flying exercises and information exchange. The week-long training and interactions were conducted at the Indian Naval Base INS Rajali, near Chennai. Notably, the Royal Australian Air Force P-8 plane had also visited INS Rajali, a few months back for a joint exercise with the Indian Navy.&nbsp;

The Boeing P-8 is a long-range, multi-mission, maritime patrol aircraft that is capable of conducting Anti-submarine warfare(ASW), anti-surface warfare, search and rescue, and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions. The Indian variant of the P-8 is known as the P-8I and possesses sensors and related technologies that are customized for the requirements of the Indian Navy. The version of the P8 used by the US Navy and other forces is designated as the P-8A.

The US Navy was represented by the “Tridents” of Patrol Squadron (VP) 26, whereas the Indian Navy was represented by the "Albatross" of the Indian Naval Air Squadron (INAS) 312 at INS Rajali. INAS 312 is one of two Indian Navy squadrons operating the P-8I aircraft. In addition to INS Rajali, India's P-8Is also operate out of INS Hansa, Goa.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/its-official-indian-govt-announces-selection-of-26-navy-rafale-to-boost-indian-navy-615831">It's official, Indian govt announces selection of 26 Navy Rafale to boost Indian Navy</a>

"The subject matter expert exchange focused on improving interoperability between the two navies’ maritime patrol and reconnaissance forces. It included training on ASW and information sharing on specific maritime challenges in the Indian Ocean. One VP 26 P-8A Poseidon aircraft and one INAS 312 P-8I Poseidon aircraft participated in the exchange," said a statement from the US Consulate General, Chennai.

“This is a great opportunity to strengthen our partnership with India and improve our ability to work together to protect the maritime commons,” said Lt. Ryan Speir, VP-26’s detachment officer in charge. “The P-8A is a highly capable aircraft that plays a vital role in ASW operations, and this professional exchange will ensure that we are able to effectively use this asset in a combined environment.”

The two squadrons participated in flying and non-flying activities, which included discussions on operational planning, maintenance training and logistical support. In addition to this, they also performed coordinated flying activities with Indian Navy surface ships.

Also watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFGBJwTqdT8">WION Exclusive Ground Report - How Indian Navy hunts submarines from up above</a>&nbsp;

The UN Navy's VP-26 “Tridents” are based in Jacksonville, Florida, and are currently forward deployed to Misawa Air Base, Japan. The squadron conducts maritime patrol and reconnaissance as part of a rotational deployment to the US&nbsp;7th Fleet area of operations. The 7th Fleet is the US Navy's largest forward-deployed numbered fleet and routinely interacts and operates with allies and partners in preserving a free and open Indo-Pacific region.

With India's increasing purchases of American-origin military hardware in recent decades, there is increasing scope for joint exercises and closer coordination between the forces operating similar platforms. The Indian Air Force has a fleet of Boeing C-17 Globemaster III Strategic airlifter planes, a fleet of Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules tactical airlifter planes, Boeing AH-64E Apache Helicopters and Chinook Tander-rotor heavy lift helicopters.

In addition to the Boeing P-8I, the Indian Navy operates multi-role Sikorsky MH-60 Romeo Helicopters and also US-origin General Atomics Sea Guardian long-range surveillance drones. 
 
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The Indian Navy and US Navy anti-submarine warfare experts and Poseidon P-8 aircraft crew conducted flying exercises and information exchange. The week-long training and interactions were conducted at the Indian Naval Base INS Rajali, near Chennai.

The Indian Navy and US Navy anti-submarine warfare experts and Poseidon P-8 aircraft crew conducted flying exercises and information exchange. The week-long training and interactions were conducted at the Indian Naval Base INS Rajali, near Chennai. Notably, the Royal Australian Air Force P-8 plane had also visited INS Rajali, a few months back for a joint exercise with the Indian Navy. The Boeing P-8 is a long-range, multi-mission, maritime patrol aircraft that is capable of conducting Anti-submarine warfare(ASW), anti-surface warfare, search and rescue, and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions. The Indian variant of the P-8 is known as the P-8I and possesses sensors and related technologies that are customized for the requirements of the Indian Navy. The version of the P8 used by the US Navy and other forces is designated as the P-8A. The US Navy was represented by the “Tridents” of Patrol Squadron (VP) 26, whereas the Indian Navy was represented by the "Albatross" of the Indian Naval Air Squadron (INAS) 312 at INS Rajali. INAS 312 is one of two Indian Navy squadrons operating the P-8I aircraft. In addition to INS Rajali, India's P-8Is also operate out of INS Hansa, Goa. Also read | It's official, Indian govt announces selection of 26 Navy Rafale to boost Indian Navy "The subject matter expert exchange focused on improving interoperability between the two navies’ maritime patrol and reconnaissance forces. It included training on ASW and information sharing on specific maritime challenges in the Indian Ocean. One VP 26 P-8A Poseidon aircraft and one INAS 312 P-8I Poseidon aircraft participated in the exchange," said a statement from the US Consulate General, Chennai. “This is a great opportunity to strengthen our partnership with India and improve our ability to work together to protect the maritime commons,” said Lt. Ryan Speir, VP-26’s detachment officer in charge. “The P-8A is a highly capable aircraft that plays a vital role in ASW operations, and this professional exchange will ensure that we are able to effectively use this asset in a combined environment.” The two squadrons participated in flying and non-flying activities, which included discussions on operational planning, maintenance training and logistical support. In addition to this, they also performed coordinated flying activities with Indian Navy surface ships. Also watch | WION Exclusive Ground Report - How Indian Navy hunts submarines from up above The UN Navy's VP-26 “Tridents” are based in Jacksonville, Florida, and are currently forward deployed to Misawa Air Base, Japan. The squadron conducts maritime patrol and reconnaissance as part of a rotational deployment to the US 7th Fleet area of operations. The 7th Fleet is the US Navy's largest forward-deployed numbered fleet and routinely interacts and operates with allies and partners in preserving a free and open Indo-Pacific region. With India's increasing purchases of American-origin military hardware in recent decades, there is increasing scope for joint exercises and closer coordination between the forces operating similar platforms. The Indian Air Force has a fleet of Boeing C-17 Globemaster III Strategic airlifter planes, a fleet of Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules tactical airlifter planes, Boeing AH-64E Apache Helicopters and Chinook Tander-rotor heavy lift helicopters. In addition to the Boeing P-8I, the Indian Navy operates multi-role Sikorsky MH-60 Romeo Helicopters and also US-origin General Atomics Sea Guardian long-range surveillance drones. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Indian and US Navy P8 planes practice submarine-hunting in Indian Ocean

There is a giant 'gravity hole' in the Indian Ocean where the gravitational pull is extremely low. How did it come into existence? What's the story of this 'hole'? Molly Gambhir tells you.

Gravitas: What caused the giant 'gravity hole'?

Deep below the Indian Ocean. There's a giant 'gravity hole'. Some three million square kilometres in size. This profound anomaly on Earth has puzzled scientists. Gravity hole is a term geologists use to describe a spot where Earth’s gravity is different than average. A new study may have finally revealed the origin of this 'Gravity Hole'.

Is the giant gravity hole in the Indian Ocean remnants of an ancient ocean?

This enormous "hole" in the Indian Ocean, according to a recent study that was just published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters on Thursday, is caused by the Earth's gravity being very low in this area.

Mysterious giant 'gravity hole' in Indian Ocean unravelled

There's a giant gravity hole in the Indian Ocean. It is about three million square kilometres in size roughly where the seafloor sinks into a vast depression. And we may finally know why There is a mysterious giant 'gravity hole'.

Scientists unravel the mystery of Indian Ocean

The Earth’s gravitational pull is weakest somewhere around the middle of the Indian Ocean. And that’s because there is a giant “hole” on that spot.

The hole being referred to here is not a typical hole where water will drain. Instead, the geologists say that there is less mass under that spot, making the gravitational pull weaker than any other place on the planet.

Scientists have for years tried to figure out the origins of such geological phenomena until now.

Two leading geologists—Debanjan Pal and Attreyee Ghosh—from the Centre for Earth Sciences at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru city of India's southern state Karnataka, have put forward a compelling explanation.

They argue that it has origins to an ancient ocean bed that sank due to plate tectonic movements.

<h2>Origins in ancient ocean</h2>

By reconstructing the last 140 million years of tectonic plate movements and underlying mantle that accompanied the rearrangement of Earth’s crust, they say that it may have been caused by plumes of molten rock rising from deep beneath Africa at the edges of the sinking remnants of an ancient ocean bed.

Earth is not a perfect sphere. Had it been the&nbsp;case, then gravity would have been the same at every point on its surface.

But in reality, the blue planet is flatter than a true sphere around the North and South Poles, and it bulges out near the equator.

Furthermore, different regions exert different gravitational pull depending on the mass of Earth’s crust, mantle and core beneath them.

In the Indian Ocean, there is a pronounced dip in the geoid, which is called the Indian Ocean geoid low (IOGL). It is the planet’s most prominent gravitational anomaly.

It covers more than three million square kilometres and is centered about 1,200 km southwest of the southern tip of India.

Given the fact that the ocean looks relatively flat at any given point, it means that the dip isn’t visible at the surface. As a result of the low gravitational pull there, coupled with the higher gravitational pull from the surrounding areas, the sea level of the Indian Ocean over the hole is a whopping 106 metres lower than the global average, says the new study.

<h2>Indian Ocean geoid low&nbsp;</h2>

According to the study’s lead author Debanjan Pal, the IOGL was discovered in 1948 during a ship-based gravity survey by Dutch geophysicist Felix Andries Vening Meinesz.

Since then, numerous ship expeditions were undertaken and satellites used to measure the hole, but scientists could find why it was there until now.

They argue that it is present because of a distinctive mantle structure, combined with an adjacent disturbance under Africa called a large low shear velocity province (LLSVP) that is more commonly known as the “African blob.”

“What we’re seeing is that hot, low-density material coming from this LLSVP underneath Africa is sitting underneath the Indian Ocean and creating this geoid low,” Ghosh says, according to Scientific American magazine.

Pal says that the African blob, which largely causes the IOGL, is probably formed by “Tethyan slabs” deep in the mantle.

Geologists think these slabs are ancient remnants of seafloor from the&nbsp;Tethys Ocean, which was located between the&nbsp;supercontinents&nbsp;of Laurasia and Gondwana more than 200 million years ago.

Both Africa and India were part of Gondwana, but what is now India slowly moved north into the Tethys Ocean, creating the Indian Ocean behind it about 120 million years ago.

“Plumes [of molten rock] arise when subducted slabs belonging to the old Tethys Ocean sink inside the mantle and reach the core-mantle boundary,” he said.

“We also show that the surrounding mantle structures play a role in giving rise to this low, in addition to these plumes.”

(With inputs from agencies) 
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The Earth’s gravitational pull is weakest somewhere around the middle of the Indian Ocean. And that’s because there is a giant “hole” on that spot. The hole being referred to here is not a typical hole where water will drain.

The Earth’s gravitational pull is weakest somewhere around the middle of the Indian Ocean. And that’s because there is a giant “hole” on that spot. The hole being referred to here is not a typical hole where water will drain. Instead, the geologists say that there is less mass under that spot, making the gravitational pull weaker than any other place on the planet. Scientists have for years tried to figure out the origins of such geological phenomena until now. Two leading geologists—Debanjan Pal and Attreyee Ghosh—from the Centre for Earth Sciences at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru city of India's southern state Karnataka, have put forward a compelling explanation. They argue that it has origins to an ancient ocean bed that sank due to plate tectonic movements. Origins in ancient ocean By reconstructing the last 140 million years of tectonic plate movements and underlying mantle that accompanied the rearrangement of Earth’s crust, they say that it may have been caused by plumes of molten rock rising from deep beneath Africa at the edges of the sinking remnants of an ancient ocean bed. Earth is not a perfect sphere. Had it been the case, then gravity would have been the same at every point on its surface. But in reality, the blue planet is flatter than a true sphere around the North and South Poles, and it bulges out near the equator. Furthermore, different regions exert different gravitational pull depending on the mass of Earth’s crust, mantle and core beneath them. In the Indian Ocean, there is a pronounced dip in the geoid, which is called the Indian Ocean geoid low (IOGL). It is the planet’s most prominent gravitational anomaly. It covers more than three million square kilometres and is centered about 1,200 km southwest of the southern tip of India. Given the fact that the ocean looks relatively flat at any given point, it means that the dip isn’t visible at the surface. As a result of the low gravitational pull there, coupled with the higher gravitational pull from the surrounding areas, the sea level of the Indian Ocean over the hole is a whopping 106 metres lower than the global average, says the new study. Indian Ocean geoid low According to the study’s lead author Debanjan Pal, the IOGL was discovered in 1948 during a ship-based gravity survey by Dutch geophysicist Felix Andries Vening Meinesz. Since then, numerous ship expeditions were undertaken and satellites used to measure the hole, but scientists could find why it was there until now. They argue that it is present because of a distinctive mantle structure, combined with an adjacent disturbance under Africa called a large low shear velocity province (LLSVP) that is more commonly known as the “African blob.” “What we’re seeing is that hot, low-density material coming from this LLSVP underneath Africa is sitting underneath the Indian Ocean and creating this geoid low,” Ghosh says, according to Scientific American magazine. Pal says that the African blob, which largely causes the IOGL, is probably formed by “Tethyan slabs” deep in the mantle. Geologists think these slabs are ancient remnants of seafloor from the Tethys Ocean, which was located between the supercontinents of Laurasia and Gondwana more than 200 million years ago. Both Africa and India were part of Gondwana, but what is now India slowly moved north into the Tethys Ocean, creating the Indian Ocean behind it about 120 million years ago. “Plumes [of molten rock] arise when subducted slabs belonging to the old Tethys Ocean sink inside the mantle and reach the core-mantle boundary,” he said. “We also show that the surrounding mantle structures play a role in giving rise to this low, in addition to these plumes.” (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Scientists find why there is giant ‘hole' in Indian Ocean, where Earth’s gravity is at weakest

German defence minister says Thyssenkrupp AG is likely to bid for a project to supply 6 submarines for Indian navy. India is looking to boost domestic defence manufacturing as it aims to counter China's growing presence in Indian Ocean. In march, India approved a budget of $6.8 billion for its navy. Indian navy has 16 conventional submarines, 11 of them over 2 decades old, along with 2 indigenous nuclear-powered submarines. Western military manufacturers are attempting to wean new Delhi from its dependence on Russian gear. Thyssenkrupp AG’S marine arm & india’s mazagon dock shipbuilders are likely to jointly bid for the project. In anticipation of the pact, shares of the indian shipbuilding yard rose as much as 7.7% to a record high. Submarines are a key element of maritime strategy for modern naval warfare planners. Remember, germany is among india's indo-pacific allies. A bilateral defence cooperation agreement was signed in 2006, which provides framework for annual consultations.

China's growing presence in Indian Ocean: Germany nears deal to build submarines in India | Details

Indian Navy deployed its Aerial Maritime Reconnaissance assets in the wee hours of Tuesday (May 16) in the southern Indian Ocean after a Chinese fishing vesse sank. Chinese fishing vessel Lu Peng Yuan Yu 028 with 39 crew on board had sunk 900 nautical miles (approx 1,666 kms) south of India's Kanyakumari (southern tip of mainland India).

So far, the plight of the 39-member crew that comprises 17 persons from China, 17 persons from Indonesia and five from the Philippines, remains unknown. According to the Indian Navy, its P8I multi-role maritime surveillance aircraft "have carried out multiple &amp; extensive searches despite adverse weather &amp; located multiple objects possibly belonging to the sunken vessel". On the request of Chinese Navy (People's Liberation Army Navy) warships approaching the area, the Indian Navy aircraft also dropped search and rescue equipment (such as life rafts etc).&nbsp;

"In a display of India’s obligations as a credible &amp; responsible partner for ensuring safety at sea, the Indian Navy units also coordinated Search and rescue efforts with other units in the area &amp; guided PLA (N) warships transiting to the scene of incident" the Indian Navy said in a statement. It was added that the Indian Navy continues to remain deployed to provide all possible assistance to the search and rescue efforts. &nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/cylcone-mocha-indian-navy-rushes-to-help-battered-myanmar-593724">Cyclone Mocha: Indian Navy ships rush relief material to battered Myanmar, many feared dead</a>

China is widely regarded as operating the world's largest fishing fleet, with the support of Chinese maritime agencies and a large number of support vessels. There are also reports of Chinese and other vessels indulging in lllegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities far from their native shores, thereby depleting maritime wealth, habitats and resources. Such practices are considered unsustainable and cause immense damage to the seabed.&nbsp;

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Indian Navy deployed its Aerial Maritime Reconnaissance assets in the wee hours of Tuesday (May 16) in the southern Indian Ocean after a Chinese fishing vesse sank.

Indian Navy deployed its Aerial Maritime Reconnaissance assets in the wee hours of Tuesday (May 16) in the southern Indian Ocean after a Chinese fishing vesse sank. Chinese fishing vessel Lu Peng Yuan Yu 028 with 39 crew on board had sunk 900 nautical miles (approx 1,666 kms) south of India's Kanyakumari (southern tip of mainland India). So far, the plight of the 39-member crew that comprises 17 persons from China, 17 persons from Indonesia and five from the Philippines, remains unknown. According to the Indian Navy, its P8I multi-role maritime surveillance aircraft "have carried out multiple & extensive searches despite adverse weather & located multiple objects possibly belonging to the sunken vessel". On the request of Chinese Navy (People's Liberation Army Navy) warships approaching the area, the Indian Navy aircraft also dropped search and rescue equipment (such as life rafts etc). "In a display of India’s obligations as a credible & responsible partner for ensuring safety at sea, the Indian Navy units also coordinated Search and rescue efforts with other units in the area & guided PLA (N) warships transiting to the scene of incident" the Indian Navy said in a statement. It was added that the Indian Navy continues to remain deployed to provide all possible assistance to the search and rescue efforts. Also Read | Cyclone Mocha: Indian Navy ships rush relief material to battered Myanmar, many feared dead China is widely regarded as operating the world's largest fishing fleet, with the support of Chinese maritime agencies and a large number of support vessels. There are also reports of Chinese and other vessels indulging in lllegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities far from their native shores, thereby depleting maritime wealth, habitats and resources. Such practices are considered unsustainable and cause immense damage to the seabed. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Indian Navy deploys aerial assets as Chinese fishing vessel sinks in Indian Ocean

In a major breakthrough in the multi-nation search and rescue operation, the Indian Navy has located the sunken Chinese fishing vessel, Lu Peng Yuan Yu 28, which is said to have been carrying 39 crew members when it sunk in the early hours of Tuesday in the middle of the Indian Ocean.

The Chinese deep-sea fishing vessel was carrying 17 Chinese, 17 Indonesians, and five Filipinos. It reportedly sank approximately 1660 kilometers south of Kanyakumari, the southern tip of the Indian peninsula.

Responding to the humanitarian crisis unfolding mid-sea, the Indian Navy deployed its most-potent maritime surveillance and submarine-hunting aircraft, the Boeing Poseidon(P8I).

It is capable of day and night operations, equipped with sophisticated sensors and technologies, and is meant for use in both offensive and defensive roles.

For more than a decade, the Indian Navy has been flying the P8I to carry out a wide range of operations including intelligence gathering, search and rescue, and anti-submarine warfare.

Operating out of the Naval air station INS Rajali in Arakkonam, Tamil Nadu, the P8I aircraft carried out an extensive search in the suspected capsize area and located the capsizing fishing vessel.

The Indian Navy also relayed the location of the capsize to the Chinese Navy warships (People's Liberation Army Navy) operating in the region.

"Subsequently, P8I also sighted the fishing vessel’s life raft and guided fishing vessel Lu Peng Yuan Yu 017 towards it. Indian Navy is on standby to provide any additional assistance to the ongoing SAR efforts" a spokesperson of Indian Navy said.

Chinese media reports say that the remains of two crew members of the sunken vessel had been found. However, the plight of the remaining 35 are still unknown.

A handful of nations in the Indian Ocean Region have been contributing to the search and rescue efforts. India and Australia have deployed aircraft for the search and rescue, China has deployed its fishing vessels and Naval ships, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Indonesia have also been coordinating in the ongoing operations.

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In a major breakthrough in the multi-nation search and rescue operation, the Indian Navy has located the sunken Chinese fishing vessel, Lu Peng Yuan Yu 28, which is said to have been carrying 39 crew members when it sunk in the early hours of Tuesday in the middle of the Indian Ocean.

In a major breakthrough in the multi-nation search and rescue operation, the Indian Navy has located the sunken Chinese fishing vessel, Lu Peng Yuan Yu 28, which is said to have been carrying 39 crew members when it sunk in the early hours of Tuesday in the middle of the Indian Ocean. The Chinese deep-sea fishing vessel was carrying 17 Chinese, 17 Indonesians, and five Filipinos. It reportedly sank approximately 1660 kilometers south of Kanyakumari, the southern tip of the Indian peninsula. Responding to the humanitarian crisis unfolding mid-sea, the Indian Navy deployed its most-potent maritime surveillance and submarine-hunting aircraft, the Boeing Poseidon(P8I). It is capable of day and night operations, equipped with sophisticated sensors and technologies, and is meant for use in both offensive and defensive roles. For more than a decade, the Indian Navy has been flying the P8I to carry out a wide range of operations including intelligence gathering, search and rescue, and anti-submarine warfare. Operating out of the Naval air station INS Rajali in Arakkonam, Tamil Nadu, the P8I aircraft carried out an extensive search in the suspected capsize area and located the capsizing fishing vessel. The Indian Navy also relayed the location of the capsize to the Chinese Navy warships (People's Liberation Army Navy) operating in the region. "Subsequently, P8I also sighted the fishing vessel’s life raft and guided fishing vessel Lu Peng Yuan Yu 017 towards it. Indian Navy is on standby to provide any additional assistance to the ongoing SAR efforts" a spokesperson of Indian Navy said. Chinese media reports say that the remains of two crew members of the sunken vessel had been found. However, the plight of the remaining 35 are still unknown. A handful of nations in the Indian Ocean Region have been contributing to the search and rescue efforts. India and Australia have deployed aircraft for the search and rescue, China has deployed its fishing vessels and Naval ships, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Indonesia have also been coordinating in the ongoing operations. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Indian Navy’s P8I plane locates sunken Chinese fishing vessel and life raft

Thirty-nine people are missing over 24 hours after a Chinese fishing boat operating in the Indian Ocean capsized, with Beijing ordering officials to assist in the search for survivors. The Lu Peng Yuan Yu 028 was based in the eastern coastal province of Shandong, operated by the Penglai Jinglu Fishery Co. Ltd, the news agency Associated Press reported on Wednesday (May 17)

The accident happened early Tuesday and the boat crew included 17 from China, 17 from Indonesia, and five from the Philippines, according to Chinese state broadcaster CCTV.&nbsp;

It is not yet known what caused the accident.&nbsp;

Chinese President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Li Qiang ordered Chinese diplomats overseas, and the agriculture and transportation ministries, to assist in the search for survivors. Speaking to the Xinhua news agency, President Jinping said that all-out efforts must be made in the rescue operation.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-keeping-watch-on-large-presence-of-chinese-vessels-in-indian-ocean-navy-chief-587404">India keeping watch on 'large presence of Chinese vessels' in Indian ocean: Navy chief</a>

On the other hand, Prime Minister Li ordered unspecified measures to “reduce casualties and strengthen the safety management of fishing vessels at sea to ensure safe maritime transport and production.&nbsp;

Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines expressed their willingness to join the search operation. The Associated Press reported that the incident area in the Indian Ocean was being searched by several ships and an Australian Defense Force P-8A Poseidon aircraft.&nbsp;

On Wednesday, Philippine Coast Guard Command Center said that it was coordinating with the Chinese embassy in Manila, as well as search and rescue teams operating near the ship’s last known location.

The Australian Maritime Safety Authority said it was coordinating the search in what it called a remote location in the Indian Ocean, about 5,000 kilometres (3,100 miles) northwest of the coastal city of Perth. The agency added that Perth-based Challenger rescue aircraft will drop a buoy to help with drift modelling to further assist in the search.&nbsp;

Merchant&nbsp;and fishing vessels in the area were also searching for survivors.

(With inputs from agencies) 
&nbsp;

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Thirty-nine people are missing over 24 hours after a Chinese fishing boat operating in the Indian Ocean capsized, with Beijing ordering officials to assist in the search for survivors.

Thirty-nine people are missing over 24 hours after a Chinese fishing boat operating in the Indian Ocean capsized, with Beijing ordering officials to assist in the search for survivors. The Lu Peng Yuan Yu 028 was based in the eastern coastal province of Shandong, operated by the Penglai Jinglu Fishery Co. Ltd, the news agency Associated Press reported on Wednesday (May 17) The accident happened early Tuesday and the boat crew included 17 from China, 17 from Indonesia, and five from the Philippines, according to Chinese state broadcaster CCTV. It is not yet known what caused the accident. Chinese President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Li Qiang ordered Chinese diplomats overseas, and the agriculture and transportation ministries, to assist in the search for survivors. Speaking to the Xinhua news agency, President Jinping said that all-out efforts must be made in the rescue operation. ALSO READ | India keeping watch on 'large presence of Chinese vessels' in Indian ocean: Navy chief On the other hand, Prime Minister Li ordered unspecified measures to “reduce casualties and strengthen the safety management of fishing vessels at sea to ensure safe maritime transport and production. Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines expressed their willingness to join the search operation. The Associated Press reported that the incident area in the Indian Ocean was being searched by several ships and an Australian Defense Force P-8A Poseidon aircraft. On Wednesday, Philippine Coast Guard Command Center said that it was coordinating with the Chinese embassy in Manila, as well as search and rescue teams operating near the ship’s last known location. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority said it was coordinating the search in what it called a remote location in the Indian Ocean, about 5,000 kilometres (3,100 miles) northwest of the coastal city of Perth. The agency added that Perth-based Challenger rescue aircraft will drop a buoy to help with drift modelling to further assist in the search. Merchant and fishing vessels in the area were also searching for survivors. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

39 missing after Chinese fishing boat capsizes in Indian Ocean: Reports

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