A new study has found that humans successfully detect artificially generated speech only 73 per cent of the time.&nbsp;The same level of accuracy was found in English and Mandarin speakers while detecting artificially-generated speech.&nbsp;

A text-to-speech algorithm, which was trained on two publicly available datasets in English and Mandarin languages for generating &nbsp;50 deepfake speech samples in each language, was used by the researchers at University College London.&nbsp;

Deepfake AI, which is one form of generative artificial intelligence, is a kind of synthetic media which is created to resemble the voice of a real person or their appearance.

The sound samples collected by the researchers were played for 529 participants to observe if they can detect the real sample from fake speech. However, the participants successfully identified the fake speech only 73 per cent of the time. &nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/switzerland-bronze-age-arrowhead-traced-to-object-that-fell-from-the-sky-621181">Switzerland: Bronze age arrowhead traced to 'object that fell from the sky'</a>

There was a slight improvement in the number after participants were given training to recognise different aspects of deepfake speech.

<h2>Deepfake speech and the future ahead</h2>

This is the first study to assess the human ability to detect artificially generated speech in languages other than English.&nbsp;

The first author of the study, Kimberly Mai said, “In our study, we showed that training people to detect deepfakes is not necessarily a reliable way to help them to get better at it. Unfortunately, our experiments also show that at the moment automated detectors are not reliable either."

“They’re really good at detecting deepfakes if they’ve seen similar examples during their training phase if the speaker is the same or the clips are recorded in a similar audio environment, for example. But they’re not reliable when there are changes in the test audio conditions, such as if there’s a different speaker," she added.&nbsp;

She stated that it was essential to improvise automated deepfake speech detectors and for organisations to “think about strategies to mitigate the threat that deepfake content poses”.

WATCH |&nbsp;Scientist claims alien tech found in 2014 meteor

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Head of Engineering at Liverpool John Moores University, Dr Karl Jones issued a warning that the justice system of the UK is not designed in a way to protect against the use of deepfakes. “Deepfake speech is almost the perfect crime – because you don’t know that it’s been done,” he stated.&nbsp;

Executive director of Witness,&nbsp;an international nonprofit organisation, Sam Gregory said, "At Witness, we speak about a detection equity gap. The people who need the capacity to detect – journalists and factcheckers, and civil society and election officials – are the ones who don’t have access to these [detection] tools. This is a huge issue that is going to get worse if we don’t invest in those skills and resources. We may not need to have detection tools available to everyone, because that also makes them harder to be robust. But we need to think about the investment in supporting intermediaries.”

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A new study has found that humans successfully detect artificially generated speech only 73 per cent of the time. The same level of accuracy was found in English and Mandarin speakers while detecting artificially-generated speech.

A new study has found that humans successfully detect artificially generated speech only 73 per cent of the time. The same level of accuracy was found in English and Mandarin speakers while detecting artificially-generated speech. A text-to-speech algorithm, which was trained on two publicly available datasets in English and Mandarin languages for generating 50 deepfake speech samples in each language, was used by the researchers at University College London. Deepfake AI, which is one form of generative artificial intelligence, is a kind of synthetic media which is created to resemble the voice of a real person or their appearance. The sound samples collected by the researchers were played for 529 participants to observe if they can detect the real sample from fake speech. However, the participants successfully identified the fake speech only 73 per cent of the time. ALSO READ | Switzerland: Bronze age arrowhead traced to 'object that fell from the sky' There was a slight improvement in the number after participants were given training to recognise different aspects of deepfake speech. Deepfake speech and the future ahead This is the first study to assess the human ability to detect artificially generated speech in languages other than English. The first author of the study, Kimberly Mai said, “In our study, we showed that training people to detect deepfakes is not necessarily a reliable way to help them to get better at it. Unfortunately, our experiments also show that at the moment automated detectors are not reliable either." “They’re really good at detecting deepfakes if they’ve seen similar examples during their training phase if the speaker is the same or the clips are recorded in a similar audio environment, for example. But they’re not reliable when there are changes in the test audio conditions, such as if there’s a different speaker," she added. She stated that it was essential to improvise automated deepfake speech detectors and for organisations to “think about strategies to mitigate the threat that deepfake content poses”. WATCH | Scientist claims alien tech found in 2014 meteor Head of Engineering at Liverpool John Moores University, Dr Karl Jones issued a warning that the justice system of the UK is not designed in a way to protect against the use of deepfakes. “Deepfake speech is almost the perfect crime – because you don’t know that it’s been done,” he stated. Executive director of Witness, an international nonprofit organisation, Sam Gregory said, "At Witness, we speak about a detection equity gap. The people who need the capacity to detect – journalists and factcheckers, and civil society and election officials – are the ones who don’t have access to these [detection] tools. This is a huge issue that is going to get worse if we don’t invest in those skills and resources. We may not need to have detection tools available to everyone, because that also makes them harder to be robust. But we need to think about the investment in supporting intermediaries.” You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Can you say if it's real voice or AI? Humans in a study could detect only 73% deepfake speech

A zoo located in eastern China has denied allegations that some of its bears might actually be humans dressed in bear costumes. The controversy arose after a video of a bear standing on its hind legs surfaced online, leading to speculations about the authenticity of the animal.

The zookeepers at Hangzhou Zoo released a statement on behalf of Angela, a Malaysian sun bear.&nbsp;

“When it comes to bears, the first thing that comes to mind is a huge figure and amazing power … But not all bears are behemoths and danger personified. We Malayan bears are petite, the smallest bear in the world," the zoo statement read.&nbsp;

"Some people think I stand like a person," the zoo said in the post adding, "It seems you don't understand me very well."

<h2>Bear video circulates online</h2>

The video depicting a sun bear standing on its hind legs quickly gained traction on social media. Observers pointed out that the bear's slender legs and fur folds looked like it might be a human impersonating a bear.

<h2>Zoo refutes human bear allegations&nbsp;</h2>

To address the growing scepticism, a spokesperson for the zoo recorded an audio message on WeChat, confirming that the animal in the video was indeed a real sun bear.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/bhutans-roaring-success-in-tiger-conservation-grows-spotlight-with-latest-numbers-620999">Bhutan's roaring success in Tiger conservation grows spotlight with latest numbers</a>

The spokesperson asserted that any suggestion of deception at their state-run facility was baseless. Additionally, he highlighted that given the scorching 40°C (104°F) summer temperature, a person dressed in a bear suit would not be able to endure for more than a few minutes before collapsing.

<h2>Scheduled journo visits to dispel doubts</h2>

In an effort to dispel the rumours and provide evidence of the bear's authenticity, the zoo organised visits for reporters on the following day, allowing them to observe the bears up close.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/song-about-going-to-prison-plays-as-trump-takes-to-stage-in-rally-620990">Song about 'going to prison' plays as Trump takes to stage in rally</a>

The sun bears, which are about the size of large dogs, stand at a maximum height of 1.3 metres (50 inches) when on their hind legs. This is in stark contrast to larger bear species like grizzlies, which can reach heights of up to 2.8 metres.

<h2>Animal impersonation in Chinese zoos</h2>

The incident at Hangzhou Zoo is not the first time a Chinese zoo has faced allegations of animal impersonation.

Watch | UK: Health agency report shows slight increase in hospital admission

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In the past, other Chinese zoos have been accused of attempting to pass off dogs dyed to resemble wolves or domestic donkeys painted to look like zebras.

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WATCH: 🐻 A viral video of a black sun bear at the Hangzhou Zoo in China's Zhejiang province has some netizens convinced that it is a human in disguise. The zoo has since spoken out to quell the rumours, maintaining that it is "definitely a real animal". <a href="https://t.co/hzHOZSnLPT">pic.twitter.com/hzHOZSnLPT</a>
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In 2019, according to a report, there were two zoo workers at Yancheng Wild Animal World in Changzhou who were seen wearing gorilla costumes and playfully jumping around. Following complaints from visitors, the zoo authorities reportedly explained that it was all meant to be an April Fool's Day prank.&nbsp;

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A zoo located in eastern China has denied allegations that some of its bears might actually be humans dressed in bear costumes. The controversy arose after a video of a bear standing on its hind legs surfaced online, leading to speculations about the authenticity of the animal.

A zoo located in eastern China has denied allegations that some of its bears might actually be humans dressed in bear costumes. The controversy arose after a video of a bear standing on its hind legs surfaced online, leading to speculations about the authenticity of the animal. The zookeepers at Hangzhou Zoo released a statement on behalf of Angela, a Malaysian sun bear. “When it comes to bears, the first thing that comes to mind is a huge figure and amazing power … But not all bears are behemoths and danger personified. We Malayan bears are petite, the smallest bear in the world," the zoo statement read. "Some people think I stand like a person," the zoo said in the post adding, "It seems you don't understand me very well." Bear video circulates online The video depicting a sun bear standing on its hind legs quickly gained traction on social media. Observers pointed out that the bear's slender legs and fur folds looked like it might be a human impersonating a bear. Zoo refutes human bear allegations To address the growing scepticism, a spokesperson for the zoo recorded an audio message on WeChat, confirming that the animal in the video was indeed a real sun bear. Also Read | Bhutan's roaring success in Tiger conservation grows spotlight with latest numbers The spokesperson asserted that any suggestion of deception at their state-run facility was baseless. Additionally, he highlighted that given the scorching 40°C (104°F) summer temperature, a person dressed in a bear suit would not be able to endure for more than a few minutes before collapsing. Scheduled journo visits to dispel doubts In an effort to dispel the rumours and provide evidence of the bear's authenticity, the zoo organised visits for reporters on the following day, allowing them to observe the bears up close. Also Read | Song about 'going to prison' plays as Trump takes to stage in rally The sun bears, which are about the size of large dogs, stand at a maximum height of 1.3 metres (50 inches) when on their hind legs. This is in stark contrast to larger bear species like grizzlies, which can reach heights of up to 2.8 metres. Animal impersonation in Chinese zoos The incident at Hangzhou Zoo is not the first time a Chinese zoo has faced allegations of animal impersonation. Watch | UK: Health agency report shows slight increase in hospital admission × In the past, other Chinese zoos have been accused of attempting to pass off dogs dyed to resemble wolves or domestic donkeys painted to look like zebras. WATCH: 🐻 A viral video of a black sun bear at the Hangzhou Zoo in China's Zhejiang province has some netizens convinced that it is a human in disguise. The zoo has since spoken out to quell the rumours, maintaining that it is "definitely a real animal". pic.twitter.com/hzHOZSnLPT — TODAY (@TODAYonline) July 31, 2023 × In 2019, according to a report, there were two zoo workers at Yancheng Wild Animal World in Changzhou who were seen wearing gorilla costumes and playfully jumping around. Following complaints from visitors, the zoo authorities reportedly explained that it was all meant to be an April Fool's Day prank. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Bear or human? China zoo refutes costume claims amid viral hind-leg standing video

Numerous sharks off the coast of Florida may have developed cocaine addictions, according to a research. These aquatic creatures have been munching on copious amounts of drugs poured into the water. Drug traffickers have been smuggling cocaine from South America to Central America along the Florida coast for years.

Sharks react to cocaine in a similar fashion like humans :Study

The battle to douse wildfires in Greece saw some success after razing swathes of forest and dozens of homes in the past few days. Throughout the last decade, mega wildfires like these have become routine news. Unprecedented fires have burned millions of hectares of land and displaced hundreds of thousands of people.

Humans often responsible for wildfires: German fire officer

The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a warning on Wednesday, expressing concerns that the recent surge in bird flu outbreaks among mammals could facilitate the transmission of the virus to humans.

Europe has been grappling with its most severe bird flu outbreak in history since late 2021, while North and South America have also witnessed significant outbreaks, reported AFP.

As a result, tens of millions of poultry worldwide, often infected with the H5N1 strain of the virus that emerged in 1996, have been culled.

<h2>What did the WHO say?</h2>

The WHO emphasised that avian influenza viruses primarily spread among birds.

However, the increasing number of H5N1 avian influenza cases detected in mammals, which are biologically more closely related to humans than birds, raises concerns that the virus could adapt to infect humans more easily.

Additionally, certain mammals can serve as mixing vessels for influenza viruses, potentially leading to the emergence of new and more harmful strains that affect animals and humans alike.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/birds-have-inbuilt-gps-in-their-brains-which-they-turn-on-and-off-reveals-study-604464">Birds have inbuilt GPS in their brains which they turn on and off, reveals study</a>

<h2>Consequences of the outbreak</h2>

The ongoing bird flu outbreaks have caused devastating consequences for animals, including poultry, wild birds, and some mammals.

These outbreaks have not only harmed farmers' livelihoods and the food trade but also pose continued risks to humans, as stated by the UN health agency.

The WHO, along with the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), urged countries to collaborate in order to safeguard animals and protect human populations.

Gregorio Torres, WOAH's science chief, who spoke to AFP, highlighted the recent shift in the ecology and epidemiology of avian influenza, which has raised global concerns due to its spread into new geographical regions, unusual wild bird die-offs, and a significant increase in mammalian cases.

Also watch |&nbsp;Chilean Dolphins face threats from avian flu &amp; human activity

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While human bird flu cases typically result from direct or indirect exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments, the virus does not easily transmit from person to person.

However, the WHO's pandemic preparedness chief, Sylvie Briand, emphasised the importance of vigilance in identifying any potential evolution of the virus that could enhance human transmission.

Countries were urged to enhance their monitoring capabilities, particularly those with limited prior experience in avian flu surveillance.

In light of these developments, it is crucial to remain alert and proactive in monitoring the virus, anticipating potential changes that could pose greater risks to human health, and strengthening international collaboration in addressing this ongoing threat.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a warning on Wednesday, expressing concerns that the recent surge in bird flu outbreaks among mammals could facilitate the transmission of the virus to humans.

The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a warning on Wednesday, expressing concerns that the recent surge in bird flu outbreaks among mammals could facilitate the transmission of the virus to humans. Europe has been grappling with its most severe bird flu outbreak in history since late 2021, while North and South America have also witnessed significant outbreaks, reported AFP. As a result, tens of millions of poultry worldwide, often infected with the H5N1 strain of the virus that emerged in 1996, have been culled. What did the WHO say? The WHO emphasised that avian influenza viruses primarily spread among birds. However, the increasing number of H5N1 avian influenza cases detected in mammals, which are biologically more closely related to humans than birds, raises concerns that the virus could adapt to infect humans more easily. Additionally, certain mammals can serve as mixing vessels for influenza viruses, potentially leading to the emergence of new and more harmful strains that affect animals and humans alike. Also read | Birds have inbuilt GPS in their brains which they turn on and off, reveals study Consequences of the outbreak The ongoing bird flu outbreaks have caused devastating consequences for animals, including poultry, wild birds, and some mammals. These outbreaks have not only harmed farmers' livelihoods and the food trade but also pose continued risks to humans, as stated by the UN health agency. The WHO, along with the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), urged countries to collaborate in order to safeguard animals and protect human populations. Gregorio Torres, WOAH's science chief, who spoke to AFP, highlighted the recent shift in the ecology and epidemiology of avian influenza, which has raised global concerns due to its spread into new geographical regions, unusual wild bird die-offs, and a significant increase in mammalian cases. Also watch | Chilean Dolphins face threats from avian flu & human activity While human bird flu cases typically result from direct or indirect exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments, the virus does not easily transmit from person to person. However, the WHO's pandemic preparedness chief, Sylvie Briand, emphasised the importance of vigilance in identifying any potential evolution of the virus that could enhance human transmission. Countries were urged to enhance their monitoring capabilities, particularly those with limited prior experience in avian flu surveillance. In light of these developments, it is crucial to remain alert and proactive in monitoring the virus, anticipating potential changes that could pose greater risks to human health, and strengthening international collaboration in addressing this ongoing threat. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Alarming warning from WHO: Bird flu poses increased risk of adapting to humans

The pale blue dot in the vast darkness of universe, also referred to as Earth or our home planet has been around for billions of years. Alone in its orbital stillness, the planet has undergone a multitude of changes.

The pale blue dot in the vast darkness of universe, also referred to as Earth or our home planet has been around for billions of years. Alone in its orbital stillness, the planet has undergone a multitude of changes. Its layers carry evidence of ice age, dinosaurs roaming around, asteroid hits, mass extinctions, continental ruptures and whatnot. Humans, who have been around a tiny fraction of that time on the cosmic scale, have also made a significant impact on the planet. Now, a special team of scientists has pointed out the timeframe when the new geologic epoch began, influenced by us - the Homo sapiens. What is Anthropocene? Members of the Anthropocene Working Group on Tuesday designated a small body of water near Toronto, Canada as ground zero for the Anthropocene. The word derived from Greek terms for "human" and "new" refers to the current geological age of the planet when human activity has been the dominant influence. The data states that Earth moved into its new age about 73 years ago (1950). The layered sediments deposited at the bottom of Crawford Lake — laced with microplastics, fly-ash spread by burning oil and coal, and the detritus of nuclear bomb explosions, is being regarded as the global example of the beginning of the Anthropocene. “The data show a clear shift from the mid-20th century, taking Earth’s system beyond the normal bounds of the Holocene," said working group member Andy Cundy, a professor at the University of Southampton, referring to the epoch that began 11,700 years ago after the end of ice age. “The sediment found at the bottom of the Crawford Lake provides an exquisite record of recent environmental change over the last millennia,” said Simon Turner, chairman of the working group. Also read | Welcome to the Anthropocene, Earth's new chapter How did scientists find out the baseline? Scientists are linking the new epoch to what is known as the Great Acceleration. It is the period after World War II when human activity went into overdrive. The population surged, industries expanded, more fossil fuels started to burn, nitrogen-based fertilisers became the norm and weapons of mass destruction i.e. nuclear bombs were tested. The scientists arrived at the conclusion that plutonium cast off by hydrogen bomb tests provided that global fingerprint. “The clearest marker for a single year – which gives an abrupt and effectively instantaneous snapshot – is plutonium, because there’s so little of it naturally present," said Cundy, referring to the year 1952 when the US first detonated a huge hydrogen bomb in the Marshall Islands which could become the new epoch's boundary year. WATCH | WION Climate Tracker: Biodiversity suffers from global warming × Crawford Lake's competition Crawford Lake was up against 11 other environmental spaces, spanning five continents, including Antarctica, to be regarded as the ground zero of human footprint. The scientists involved in the study said they were surprised that each of the 12 sites consistently showed the global marks of human activity. Combing them, it paints a clear picture that humans have caused a rapid change to the environment in a very short period of time. If the scientists are able to have their way, they may proclaim that the planet has entered the Crawfordian age (named after the lake of course, following the protocol). However, the recommendations must be approved by a supermajority vote of two separate committees before final validation by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). Point of no return? Succinctly put, the Crawfordian age represents the point of no return in geological terms. The planet endured a long period of climate stability where human civilisation was able to grow but the future might not hold similar conditions for the generations to come. Such has been the devastating impact of humans on Earth that last month, a new study published in Geophysical Research Letters, a journal by the American Geophysical Union stated that the planet had tilted as much as 80 centimetres (31.5 inches) between 1993 and 2010. The reason was attributed to humans pumping out indiscriminate amounts of groundwater and moving it elsewhere. Also read | ‘Surprised and concerned’: Scientists find groundwater extracted by humans has shifted tilt of Earth’s axis Climate change has become a routine phenomenon during this epoch. Currently, USA's southwestern states are sweltering under extreme heat with temperatures touching three figures. Meanwhile, in India, China, Japan and other Asian countries, floods have devastated human lives. The power of humans is being classed in the same category as the meteorite that crashed into Earth 66 million years ago and wiped out dinosaurs, starting the Cenozoic Era. For the first time in Earth's history, a single species has not only radically changed the planet's morphology, chemistry and biology, but is aware of having done so. And yet, little to nothing is being done to reverse the damage. The scientists may or may not be able to convince their peers towards the Anthropocene, mostly on technical grounds but one thing is clear, the Earth has changed, and not for good reasons. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Explained | What is Anthropocene? The new epoch marked by damaging human impact

When aliens or our distant progeny sift through layers of sediment 500,000 years from now to decode the Earth's past, they will find unusual evidence of the abrupt change that upended life half-a-million years earlier: chicken bones.

That is the conclusion of scientists whose findings are offered as proof that rapid expansion of human appetites and activity so radically altered natural systems as to tip Earth into a new geological epoch called the Anthropocene, or the "era of humans".

There will be other telltale clues in mud and rocks of a planetary-scale rupture around the mid-20th century: the sudden rise of CO2, methane and other greenhouse gases; radioactive detritus from nuclear bomb tests; omnipresent microplastics; and the spread of invasive species.

But chicken bones could be among the most revealing findings, and tell the story in more ways than one.

To begin with, they are a human invention.

"The modern meat chicken is unrecognisable compared to its ancestors or wild counterparts," said Carys Bennett, a geologist and lead author of a 2017 study in Royal Society Open Science laying out the evidence for the animal as a "marker species" of the Anthropocene.

"Body size, the shape of the skeleton, bone chemistry and genetics are all distinct."

Their very existence, in other words, is evidence of humanity's capacity to hack nature and intervene in natural processes.

<h2>Clear signal</h2>

The modern broiler chicken's origins are in the jungles of Southeast Asia, where its forebear, the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), was first domesticated some 8,000 years ago.

The species has long been prized for its meat and eggs, but its engineered breeding into the rotund, short-lived creature found in supermarkets the world over started only after World War II.

"It usually takes millions of years for evolution to occur, but here it has taken just decades to produce a new form of animal," Jan Zalasiewicz, an emeritus professor of palaeobiology at the University of Leicester, told AFP.

Last year, the official Anthropocene Working Group he chaired for more than a decade determined that the Holocene Epoch -- which began 11,700 years ago as the last ice age ended -- gave way to the Anthropocene in the mid-20th century.

On Tuesday, it will announce which spot on Earth best exemplifies that shift.

Another line of evidence is the omnipresence of broiler chickens: virtually anywhere on Earth there are people, there will also be copious remains of our species' favourite source of animal protein.

Today, there are some 33 billion of the flightless birds worldwide at any given time, according to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

The biomass of domesticated chickens is more than three times that of all wild bird species combined.

At least 25 million are culled every day, whether for chicken tikka in the Punjab, yakitori in Japan, poulet yassa in Senegal or McDonald's nuggets everywhere.

And while many societies shun the eating of beef or pork, how many cultures in the world do not have chicken on the menu?

"Chickens are a symbol of how our biosphere has changed and is now dominated by human consumption and resource use," said Bennett, formerly a researcher at the University Of Leicester and now an officer at People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in Britain.

"The enormous number of distinctive chicken bones discarded worldwide will leave a clear signal in the future geological record," she said.

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When aliens or our distant progeny sift through layers of sediment 500,000 years from now to decode the Earth's past, they will find unusual evidence of the abrupt change that upended life half-a-million years earlier: chicken bones.

When aliens or our distant progeny sift through layers of sediment 500,000 years from now to decode the Earth's past, they will find unusual evidence of the abrupt change that upended life half-a-million years earlier: chicken bones. That is the conclusion of scientists whose findings are offered as proof that rapid expansion of human appetites and activity so radically altered natural systems as to tip Earth into a new geological epoch called the Anthropocene, or the "era of humans". There will be other telltale clues in mud and rocks of a planetary-scale rupture around the mid-20th century: the sudden rise of CO2, methane and other greenhouse gases; radioactive detritus from nuclear bomb tests; omnipresent microplastics; and the spread of invasive species. But chicken bones could be among the most revealing findings, and tell the story in more ways than one. To begin with, they are a human invention. "The modern meat chicken is unrecognisable compared to its ancestors or wild counterparts," said Carys Bennett, a geologist and lead author of a 2017 study in Royal Society Open Science laying out the evidence for the animal as a "marker species" of the Anthropocene. "Body size, the shape of the skeleton, bone chemistry and genetics are all distinct." Their very existence, in other words, is evidence of humanity's capacity to hack nature and intervene in natural processes. Clear signal The modern broiler chicken's origins are in the jungles of Southeast Asia, where its forebear, the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), was first domesticated some 8,000 years ago. The species has long been prized for its meat and eggs, but its engineered breeding into the rotund, short-lived creature found in supermarkets the world over started only after World War II. "It usually takes millions of years for evolution to occur, but here it has taken just decades to produce a new form of animal," Jan Zalasiewicz, an emeritus professor of palaeobiology at the University of Leicester, told AFP. Last year, the official Anthropocene Working Group he chaired for more than a decade determined that the Holocene Epoch -- which began 11,700 years ago as the last ice age ended -- gave way to the Anthropocene in the mid-20th century. On Tuesday, it will announce which spot on Earth best exemplifies that shift. Another line of evidence is the omnipresence of broiler chickens: virtually anywhere on Earth there are people, there will also be copious remains of our species' favourite source of animal protein. Today, there are some 33 billion of the flightless birds worldwide at any given time, according to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The biomass of domesticated chickens is more than three times that of all wild bird species combined. At least 25 million are culled every day, whether for chicken tikka in the Punjab, yakitori in Japan, poulet yassa in Senegal or McDonald's nuggets everywhere. And while many societies shun the eating of beef or pork, how many cultures in the world do not have chicken on the menu? "Chickens are a symbol of how our biosphere has changed and is now dominated by human consumption and resource use," said Bennett, formerly a researcher at the University Of Leicester and now an officer at People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in Britain. "The enormous number of distinctive chicken bones discarded worldwide will leave a clear signal in the future geological record," she said. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Proof humans reshaped the world? Chicken bones

Is climate causing our brains to shrink? A recent study conducted by cognitive scientist Jeff Morgan Stibel from the Natural History Museum in California has uncovered a surprising link between climate change and a decline in the size of the human brain.

By analysing climate records and human remains spanning a 50,000-year period, Stibel's research sheds light on how humans develop and adapt in response to environmental stress, according to Science Alert. The findings, published in a paper, underscore the importance of understanding the impact of climate change on human brain size and, ultimately, human behaviour.

Stibel's investigation involved examining 298 specimens from the past 50,000 years, alongside natural records of global temperature, humidity, and rainfall.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/not-sleeping-enough-your-brain-might-be-eating-itself-319676">Not sleeping enough? Your brain might be eating itself</a>

<h2>What does the study reveal?</h2>

The results revealed a significant reduction in average brain size during periods of warmer climates&nbsp;compared to cooler ones. Stibel's earlier research on brain shrinkage served as the impetus for this study, as he sought to uncover the underlying causes behind this phenomenon.

In an interview with PsyPost's Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Stibel emphasised the critical need to comprehend changes in the human brain over time. He expressed his disappointment at the lack of research on this subject, stating, "We know the brain has grown across species over the past few million years, but we know very little about other macro-evolutionary trends."

To gather data, Stibel collected information on skull sizes from 10 published sources, resulting in 373 measurements taken from 298 human bones spanning 50,000 years.

To estimate brain sizes accurately, he adjusted for geographical region and gender by including estimations of body size.

To account for potential dating errors, Stibel categorised the fossils into groups based on their age and conducted his analysis using four different fossil age spans.

Additionally, he compared brain size to four climate records, including temperature data from the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C, which provides precise temperature measurements spanning over 800,000 years.

Over the past 50,000 years, the Earth has experienced various climate fluctuations, including the Last Glacial Maximum, a period characterised by consistently colder temperatures until the end of the Late Pleistocene. Following this, the Holocene period witnessed rising average temperatures, leading up to the present day.

Stibel's analysis revealed a consistent pattern of changing brain size in Homo, correlated with fluctuations in climate as temperatures rose and fell.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/first-ever-scan-of-dying-human-brain-shows-astounding-results-455553">First ever scan of dying human brain shows astounding results</a>

Notably, humans experienced a significant decline in average brain size, amounting to just over 10.7 per cent, throughout the Holocene warming period, which occurred approximately 17,000 years after the last glacial maximum.

According to Stibel, brain size changes tend to occur thousands of years after the climate changes, suggesting that species-level adaptation often requires multiple generations. This evolutionary pattern manifested within a relatively brief period of 5,000 to 17,000 years, raising concerns about the potentially detrimental effects of ongoing global warming on human cognition.

Stibel argues that even a slight reduction in brain size among contemporary humans could have significant physiological implications that are not yet fully understood.

Furthermore, the analysis revealed that humidity and rainfall levels also influenced brain growth, albeit to a lesser extent compared to temperature. Dry spells exhibited a weak correlation with slightly larger brain volumes.

While the study establishes a clear relationship between climate change and differences in brain size, it acknowledges that climate alone does not account for all observed variations.

Stibel suggests that other factors such as ecosystem elements, indirect climate effects (such as, vegetation and net primary production), or non-climate factors like culture and technology could also contribute to changes in brain size.

&nbsp;

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Is climate causing our brains to shrink? A recent study conducted by cognitive scientist Jeff Morgan Stibel from the Natural History Museum in California has uncovered a surprising link between climate change and a decline in the size of the human brain.

Is climate causing our brains to shrink? A recent study conducted by cognitive scientist Jeff Morgan Stibel from the Natural History Museum in California has uncovered a surprising link between climate change and a decline in the size of the human brain. By analysing climate records and human remains spanning a 50,000-year period, Stibel's research sheds light on how humans develop and adapt in response to environmental stress, according to Science Alert. The findings, published in a paper, underscore the importance of understanding the impact of climate change on human brain size and, ultimately, human behaviour. Stibel's investigation involved examining 298 specimens from the past 50,000 years, alongside natural records of global temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Also read | Not sleeping enough? Your brain might be eating itself What does the study reveal? The results revealed a significant reduction in average brain size during periods of warmer climates compared to cooler ones. Stibel's earlier research on brain shrinkage served as the impetus for this study, as he sought to uncover the underlying causes behind this phenomenon. In an interview with PsyPost's Mane Kara-Yakoubian, Stibel emphasised the critical need to comprehend changes in the human brain over time. He expressed his disappointment at the lack of research on this subject, stating, "We know the brain has grown across species over the past few million years, but we know very little about other macro-evolutionary trends." To gather data, Stibel collected information on skull sizes from 10 published sources, resulting in 373 measurements taken from 298 human bones spanning 50,000 years. To estimate brain sizes accurately, he adjusted for geographical region and gender by including estimations of body size. To account for potential dating errors, Stibel categorised the fossils into groups based on their age and conducted his analysis using four different fossil age spans. Additionally, he compared brain size to four climate records, including temperature data from the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C, which provides precise temperature measurements spanning over 800,000 years. Over the past 50,000 years, the Earth has experienced various climate fluctuations, including the Last Glacial Maximum, a period characterised by consistently colder temperatures until the end of the Late Pleistocene. Following this, the Holocene period witnessed rising average temperatures, leading up to the present day. Stibel's analysis revealed a consistent pattern of changing brain size in Homo, correlated with fluctuations in climate as temperatures rose and fell. Also read | First ever scan of dying human brain shows astounding results Notably, humans experienced a significant decline in average brain size, amounting to just over 10.7 per cent, throughout the Holocene warming period, which occurred approximately 17,000 years after the last glacial maximum. According to Stibel, brain size changes tend to occur thousands of years after the climate changes, suggesting that species-level adaptation often requires multiple generations. This evolutionary pattern manifested within a relatively brief period of 5,000 to 17,000 years, raising concerns about the potentially detrimental effects of ongoing global warming on human cognition. Stibel argues that even a slight reduction in brain size among contemporary humans could have significant physiological implications that are not yet fully understood. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that humidity and rainfall levels also influenced brain growth, albeit to a lesser extent compared to temperature. Dry spells exhibited a weak correlation with slightly larger brain volumes. While the study establishes a clear relationship between climate change and differences in brain size, it acknowledges that climate alone does not account for all observed variations. Stibel suggests that other factors such as ecosystem elements, indirect climate effects (such as, vegetation and net primary production), or non-climate factors like culture and technology could also contribute to changes in brain size. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Cognitive consequences: Study reveals startling link between climate change and shrinking of human brain

Harvard professor Avi Loeb made a new claim that aliens are more likely to make first contact with artificial intelligence (AI) and not with humans.

<h2>AI drones of aliens on Earth?</h2>

The theory was shared by Avi Loeb in a new documentary, God Versus Aliens, in which he suggested AI drones will be sent by the extraterrestrials to Earth rather than ‘crewed’ vehicles. 
 
In an interview with Daily Mail, British musician and director of the show Mark Christopher Lee called Loeb a "very active mind". However, he added that the suggestions of the professor are based on the vast distance which aliens can travel to reach us.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/aliens-likely-to-communicate-through-newly-discovered-supernova-claim-scientists-604051">Aliens likely to communicate through newly discovered supernova, claim scientists</a>

“Loeb proposes that it’s likely to be some form of AI because why would you send flesh and blood creatures? That means there’s a possibility that their AI could just connect with AI and bypass humans, which is a bit scary to think about,” Lee said. 
 
“Loeb suggests that the alien AI may feel a kinship with ours - or our AI may imitate the alien AI and become like them,” he added.

<h2>Interstellar travel</h2>

In the documentary, Loeb claimed, “My expectation from interstellar travel is that it's best done with electronic gadgets and devices rather than with biological creatures because the journey takes a long time.” 
 
“Even to the nearest star, it will take us 50,000 years to get there with chemical rockets. And artificial intelligence systems have that patience - and then they can remain dormant... so that they survive the journey,” he added. 
 
“If they visit us, of course, we can use our AI systems to interpret their AI systems. And, you know, they might feel a kinship to them,” the professor further stated.

WATCH |&nbsp;Aliens saying `hello` through signals from centre of Milky Way, suggests new study

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<h2>Ocean expedition to collect fragments of crash</h2>

Lee stated that Loeb has flown to Papua New Guinea where he will set off on a $1.5 million ocean expedition to search for fragments of an object that reportedly crashed into the sea in 2014. 
 
In 2019, the Israeli astronomer and his research partner Amir Siraj had reached the conclusion that Earth was hit by an object from outside our solar system in 2014. 
 
“He's on his way now. He’s about to do the first part of the expedition this summer to see if the object is manufactured,” Lee said. 
 
“We’re hoping that he is going to find something rather than wait around for the American government to hand over stuff which might or might not exist,” he added.&nbsp;

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Harvard professor Avi Loeb made a new claim that aliens are more likely to make first contact with artificial intelligence (AI) and not with humans. AI drones of aliens on Earth?

Harvard professor Avi Loeb made a new claim that aliens are more likely to make first contact with artificial intelligence (AI) and not with humans. AI drones of aliens on Earth? The theory was shared by Avi Loeb in a new documentary, God Versus Aliens, in which he suggested AI drones will be sent by the extraterrestrials to Earth rather than ‘crewed’ vehicles. In an interview with Daily Mail, British musician and director of the show Mark Christopher Lee called Loeb a "very active mind". However, he added that the suggestions of the professor are based on the vast distance which aliens can travel to reach us. ALSO READ | Aliens likely to communicate through newly discovered supernova, claim scientists “Loeb proposes that it’s likely to be some form of AI because why would you send flesh and blood creatures? That means there’s a possibility that their AI could just connect with AI and bypass humans, which is a bit scary to think about,” Lee said. “Loeb suggests that the alien AI may feel a kinship with ours - or our AI may imitate the alien AI and become like them,” he added. Interstellar travel In the documentary, Loeb claimed, “My expectation from interstellar travel is that it's best done with electronic gadgets and devices rather than with biological creatures because the journey takes a long time.” “Even to the nearest star, it will take us 50,000 years to get there with chemical rockets. And artificial intelligence systems have that patience - and then they can remain dormant... so that they survive the journey,” he added. “If they visit us, of course, we can use our AI systems to interpret their AI systems. And, you know, they might feel a kinship to them,” the professor further stated. WATCH | Aliens saying `hello` through signals from centre of Milky Way, suggests new study Ocean expedition to collect fragments of crash Lee stated that Loeb has flown to Papua New Guinea where he will set off on a $1.5 million ocean expedition to search for fragments of an object that reportedly crashed into the sea in 2014. In 2019, the Israeli astronomer and his research partner Amir Siraj had reached the conclusion that Earth was hit by an object from outside our solar system in 2014. “He's on his way now. He’s about to do the first part of the expedition this summer to see if the object is manufactured,” Lee said. “We’re hoping that he is going to find something rather than wait around for the American government to hand over stuff which might or might not exist,” he added. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Aliens likely to make first contact with AI, not humans, claims Harvard professor

France's national capital Paris, which has been battling the notorious rodent problem, is now finding the answer to a unique question - “Can humans and rats live together?”

A committee has been formed by Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo to study “cohabitation” and understand to what extent can rodents and humans live together, said one of her deputies during a city council meeting on Thursday.

The city's deputy mayor Anne Souyris, who is in charge of public health, announced the step has been taken in response to questions raised by Geoffroy Boulard, the head of Paris’ 17th arrondissement and also the centre-right Republican party's member.

The city government was called upon by Boulard to outline a more ambitious plan against the increasing number of rats in public spaces.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-plastic-recycling-in-focus-as-countries-meet-in-paris-for-treaty-talks-598037">Explained: Plastic recycling in focus as countries meet in Paris for treaty talks</a>

<h2>Sufficient measure to eliminate rats not taken: Hidalgo</h2>

Previously, Boulard had criticised Hidalgo, a member of the centre-left socialist party, for not taking sufficient measures to eliminate rats from Paris, especially during strikes which were held earlier this year and saw garbage pile up throughout the city.

“The presence of rats on the surface is harmful to the quality of life of Parisians,” said Boulard.

Boulard said that he decided to raise the question after he came across an ongoing study, Project Armageddon. The mission of the project is to help the city in managing it's escalating population of rats. Its aim also includes fighting prejudices against rats to help citizens live a better life in Paris.

The government of France is financing the study and the city of Paris is a partner in the project.

Souyris stated that they are studying to understand the extent to which humans and rats can live together in a way that is “the most efficient and at the same time ensure that it’s not unbearable for Parisians.”

WATCH |&nbsp;Ukrainian President Zelensky in France, Paris to provide advanced weaponry to Kyiv | WION

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Although rats carry the risk of spreading disease, the deputy mayor stated that the rats they are discussing are not similar to black rats that can carry the plague, but other kinds of rats that carry diseases like leptospirosis.

The move of the city was welcomed by the Animal rights group Paris Animaux Zoopolis.

“Rats are present in Paris, as in all major French cities, so the question of cohabitation necessarily arises,” a statement from the group stated.

The statement further read, “At PAZ, when we talk about “peaceful cohabitation” with rats, we don’t mean living with them in our houses and apartments but making sure that these animals don’t suffer AND that we’re not disturbed. Again, a very reasonable objective!”

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France's national capital Paris, which has been battling the notorious rodent problem, is now finding the answer to a unique question - “Can humans and rats live together?

France's national capital Paris, which has been battling the notorious rodent problem, is now finding the answer to a unique question - “Can humans and rats live together?” A committee has been formed by Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo to study “cohabitation” and understand to what extent can rodents and humans live together, said one of her deputies during a city council meeting on Thursday. The city's deputy mayor Anne Souyris, who is in charge of public health, announced the step has been taken in response to questions raised by Geoffroy Boulard, the head of Paris’ 17th arrondissement and also the centre-right Republican party's member. The city government was called upon by Boulard to outline a more ambitious plan against the increasing number of rats in public spaces. ALSO READ | Explained: Plastic recycling in focus as countries meet in Paris for treaty talks Sufficient measure to eliminate rats not taken: Hidalgo Previously, Boulard had criticised Hidalgo, a member of the centre-left socialist party, for not taking sufficient measures to eliminate rats from Paris, especially during strikes which were held earlier this year and saw garbage pile up throughout the city. “The presence of rats on the surface is harmful to the quality of life of Parisians,” said Boulard. Boulard said that he decided to raise the question after he came across an ongoing study, Project Armageddon. The mission of the project is to help the city in managing it's escalating population of rats. Its aim also includes fighting prejudices against rats to help citizens live a better life in Paris. The government of France is financing the study and the city of Paris is a partner in the project. Souyris stated that they are studying to understand the extent to which humans and rats can live together in a way that is “the most efficient and at the same time ensure that it’s not unbearable for Parisians.” WATCH | Ukrainian President Zelensky in France, Paris to provide advanced weaponry to Kyiv | WION Although rats carry the risk of spreading disease, the deputy mayor stated that the rats they are discussing are not similar to black rats that can carry the plague, but other kinds of rats that carry diseases like leptospirosis. The move of the city was welcomed by the Animal rights group Paris Animaux Zoopolis. “Rats are present in Paris, as in all major French cities, so the question of cohabitation necessarily arises,” a statement from the group stated. The statement further read, “At PAZ, when we talk about “peaceful cohabitation” with rats, we don’t mean living with them in our houses and apartments but making sure that these animals don’t suffer AND that we’re not disturbed. Again, a very reasonable objective!” You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Amid increasing rodent issue, Paris debates: 'Can humans and rats live together?'

What makes us human? Primate genome study offers some clues

Four human beings will fulfil their dream as they will start living under a Mars-simulated environment&nbsp;this summer, taking ahead the efforts made by engineers and scientists to make it possible to send humans to the red planet and make it a habitable place to survive.

The four volunteers have been part of the year-long mission under which humans are being prepared for the red planet's exploration.

The humans will survive in a habitat that will simulate the climatic conditions similar to what they will face on Mars when they actually set foot on the planet in the near future.

The 3D-printed habitat will include a kitchen, private crew quarters, areas dedicated to fitness, recreation, medical, crop growth activities and work, along with a technical work area as well as two bathrooms.

ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-martian-aurora-nasas-curiosity-captures-heavenly-sun-rays-on-mars-569795">A Martian Aurora? NASA's Curiosity captures heavenly sun rays on Mars</a>

The crew will begin living in their Martian home in June this year as the most accurate data is collected by the teams during the analogue mission

"During the simulation, crew members will carry out different types of mission activities, including simulated spacewalks, robotic operations, habitat maintenance, personal hygiene, exercise, and crop growth," said NASA in a statement.

The volunteers will face environmental stressors like isolation, resource limitations, and equipment failure along with a significant workload so as to experience all possible situations the humans may have to face when they actually arrive on Mars.

"The major crew activities during the analogue may consist of simulated spacewalks including virtual reality, communications, crop growth, meal preparation and consumption, exercise, hygiene activities, maintenance work, personal time, science work, and sleep," said NASA in its mission brief.

The volunteers will spend their time remotely operating robotic elements which will be important for real crews during their Mars expedition to extend their exploration capabilities. They will also be given the responsibility of controlling a roving robot and a helicopter-like drone.

WATCH | Is an alien looking at us from Mars?

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Three such analogue missions are being planned by the American space agency to get a better understanding of what is required to inhabit our next-door cosmic neighbour. While they are commencing the analogue mission this year, they will conduct the second mission in 2025 which will be followed up by a third mission in 2026.

“We’re really looking at how the crew performance and health changes based on realistic Mars restrictions and the lifestyle of the crew members. So, the lifestyle is what we're trying to simulate by setting up a realistic environment and workload for the CHAPEA crew,” said Raina MacLeod, CHAPEA deputy project manager.

(With inputs from agencies)

You can&nbsp;now write for wionews.com&nbsp;and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.

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Four human beings will fulfil their dream as they will start living under a Mars-simulated environment this summer, taking ahead the efforts made by engineers and scientists to make it possible to send humans to the red planet and make it a habitable place to survive.

Four human beings will fulfil their dream as they will start living under a Mars-simulated environment this summer, taking ahead the efforts made by engineers and scientists to make it possible to send humans to the red planet and make it a habitable place to survive. The four volunteers have been part of the year-long mission under which humans are being prepared for the red planet's exploration. The humans will survive in a habitat that will simulate the climatic conditions similar to what they will face on Mars when they actually set foot on the planet in the near future. The 3D-printed habitat will include a kitchen, private crew quarters, areas dedicated to fitness, recreation, medical, crop growth activities and work, along with a technical work area as well as two bathrooms. ALSO READ | A Martian Aurora? NASA's Curiosity captures heavenly sun rays on Mars The crew will begin living in their Martian home in June this year as the most accurate data is collected by the teams during the analogue mission "During the simulation, crew members will carry out different types of mission activities, including simulated spacewalks, robotic operations, habitat maintenance, personal hygiene, exercise, and crop growth," said NASA in a statement. The volunteers will face environmental stressors like isolation, resource limitations, and equipment failure along with a significant workload so as to experience all possible situations the humans may have to face when they actually arrive on Mars. "The major crew activities during the analogue may consist of simulated spacewalks including virtual reality, communications, crop growth, meal preparation and consumption, exercise, hygiene activities, maintenance work, personal time, science work, and sleep," said NASA in its mission brief. The volunteers will spend their time remotely operating robotic elements which will be important for real crews during their Mars expedition to extend their exploration capabilities. They will also be given the responsibility of controlling a roving robot and a helicopter-like drone. WATCH | Is an alien looking at us from Mars? Three such analogue missions are being planned by the American space agency to get a better understanding of what is required to inhabit our next-door cosmic neighbour. While they are commencing the analogue mission this year, they will conduct the second mission in 2025 which will be followed up by a third mission in 2026. “We’re really looking at how the crew performance and health changes based on realistic Mars restrictions and the lifestyle of the crew members. So, the lifestyle is what we're trying to simulate by setting up a realistic environment and workload for the CHAPEA crew,” said Raina MacLeod, CHAPEA deputy project manager. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

A real-life Martian? Four humans to start 'living on Mars'

Every day, round the clock... journalists are breaking stories in newsrooms. It requires skills, experience, a curious mind and the ability to think on one's feet. Some essentials in the&nbsp;profession.

But have you ever wondered if a Chatbot like the OpenAI's ChatGPT can replace journalists in publishing breaking stories?&nbsp;

Well, the ChatGPT itself confesses that it can't. The nerd application says it lacks "critical thinking and contextual understanding that human journalists possess."&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/russia-to-skip-earth-hour-2023-designates-wwf-a-foreign-agent-575636">Russia to skip Earth Hour 2023, designates WWF a foreign agent</a>

When given a prompt "Hi! Will you replace journalists in publishing breaking news?" ChatGPT replied saying it does not have the "ability to conduct interviews, build relationships with sources, and provide insights and analysis based on experience and expertise."

"Journalistic ethics and values play an important role in ensuring that news is reported accurately and fairly, and that information is verified before being published," ChatGPT&nbsp;added.&nbsp;

Well, there is no doubt that journalism requires research to gather accurate and reliable information. This often involves digging through public records, conducting interviews, and fact-checking sources. ChatGPT's computing skills will fail to do all that, at least as of now.&nbsp;

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/eric-garcetti-sworn-in-as-us-ambassador-to-india-575688">Eric Garcetti sworn in as US ambassador to India</a>

“Based on where it is today, it's not original. It's not breaking anything new. It’s based on existing information. And it doesn't have that analytic capability or the voice,” said Madhumita Murgia, a newly appointed AI editor at the Financial Times, a report by Reuters Institute said.&nbsp;

It is pertinent to note that ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential to automate certain tasks, which could lead to job replacement in some industries. That is why many people creep out witnessing the human-like capabilities of the chatbot and fear weather the AI will soon snatch their jobs away from them.&nbsp;

Professor Charlie Beckett, head of the Polis/London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) Journalism AI research project, says, “AI is not about the total automation of content production from start to finish: it is about augmentation to give professionals and creatives the tools to work faster, freeing them up to spend more time on what humans do best,” he says. 
 
“Human journalism is also full of flaws and we mitigate the risks through editing. The same applies to AI. Make sure you understand the tools you are using and the risks. Don't expect too much of the tech.”

WATCH | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/china-on-a-diplomatic-blitz-as-ukraine-war-rages-peace-plan-too-vague-to-make-a-difference-wion-575604">China on a diplomatic blitz as Ukraine war rages | Peace plan too vague to make a difference?&nbsp;</a>

AI is unlikely to completely replace human workers in most areas, as it still lacks the ability to perform many tasks that require creativity and emotional intelligence.&nbsp;

It can be a useful tool for journalists but ChatGPT's massive dataset of text cannot stand tall beside real journalists and what they can pull off. Language model technologies cannot replace human intellect and discretion. To guarantee that their reporting is truthful and objective, journalists must still confirm facts and use critical thinking.&nbsp;

Many media portals are making use of AI these days. The New York Times utilised ChatGPT to develop a Valentine's Day message generator with a variety of prompts, while BuzzFeed revealed that AI will power its well-known personality quizzes.

Marconi thinks that given the amount of information available AI can play a crucial role in lessening the workload for journalists.&nbsp;“The news industry must be actively engaged in the AI revolution,” he says.&nbsp; 
 
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Every day, round the clock... journalists are breaking stories in newsrooms. It requires skills, experience, a curious mind and the ability to think on one's feet.

Every day, round the clock... journalists are breaking stories in newsrooms. It requires skills, experience, a curious mind and the ability to think on one's feet. Some essentials in the profession. But have you ever wondered if a Chatbot like the OpenAI's ChatGPT can replace journalists in publishing breaking stories? Well, the ChatGPT itself confesses that it can't. The nerd application says it lacks "critical thinking and contextual understanding that human journalists possess." Also Read | Russia to skip Earth Hour 2023, designates WWF a foreign agent When given a prompt "Hi! Will you replace journalists in publishing breaking news?" ChatGPT replied saying it does not have the "ability to conduct interviews, build relationships with sources, and provide insights and analysis based on experience and expertise." "Journalistic ethics and values play an important role in ensuring that news is reported accurately and fairly, and that information is verified before being published," ChatGPT added. Well, there is no doubt that journalism requires research to gather accurate and reliable information. This often involves digging through public records, conducting interviews, and fact-checking sources. ChatGPT's computing skills will fail to do all that, at least as of now. Also Read | Eric Garcetti sworn in as US ambassador to India “Based on where it is today, it's not original. It's not breaking anything new. It’s based on existing information. And it doesn't have that analytic capability or the voice,” said Madhumita Murgia, a newly appointed AI editor at the Financial Times, a report by Reuters Institute said. It is pertinent to note that ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential to automate certain tasks, which could lead to job replacement in some industries. That is why many people creep out witnessing the human-like capabilities of the chatbot and fear weather the AI will soon snatch their jobs away from them. Professor Charlie Beckett, head of the Polis/London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) Journalism AI research project, says, “AI is not about the total automation of content production from start to finish: it is about augmentation to give professionals and creatives the tools to work faster, freeing them up to spend more time on what humans do best,” he says. “Human journalism is also full of flaws and we mitigate the risks through editing. The same applies to AI. Make sure you understand the tools you are using and the risks. Don't expect too much of the tech.” WATCH | China on a diplomatic blitz as Ukraine war rages | Peace plan too vague to make a difference? AI is unlikely to completely replace human workers in most areas, as it still lacks the ability to perform many tasks that require creativity and emotional intelligence. It can be a useful tool for journalists but ChatGPT's massive dataset of text cannot stand tall beside real journalists and what they can pull off. Language model technologies cannot replace human intellect and discretion. To guarantee that their reporting is truthful and objective, journalists must still confirm facts and use critical thinking. Many media portals are making use of AI these days. The New York Times utilised ChatGPT to develop a Valentine's Day message generator with a variety of prompts, while BuzzFeed revealed that AI will power its well-known personality quizzes. Marconi thinks that given the amount of information available AI can play a crucial role in lessening the workload for journalists. “The news industry must be actively engaged in the AI revolution,” he says. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Can ChatGPT replace journalists in breaking stories?

A recent study has revealed that the total weight of wild mammals is less than 10 percent when compared to the human race. According to a study by scientists at Israel’s Weizmann institute of science. Wildland mammals have a total mass of 22 million tonnes while humanity has a total weight of around 390 million tonnes. Study further reveals the scale of damage to wildlife caused by the transformation of wildernesses and human activity.

Study reveals wild mammals weigh less than 10% of humanity | World News | WION

A research has revealed evidence from a cave in southern France that suggests that use of bow and arrow by humans in Europe started were earlier than expected. The reserach reveals that such a use by modern humans in Europe started some 54,000 years ago. Previously it was thought that bow and arrow started being used in Europe 10,000 to 12,000 years ago.

The research was published in the journal Science Advances on Wednesday (February 22). Use of bow-and-arrow in Africa has been found to date back to 70,000 years. &nbsp;

The new research comes from the Mandrin rock shelter overlooking the middle valley of the Rhone River in southern France.&nbsp;

The Grotte Mandrin site, which was first excavated in 1990, includes layer upon layer of archaeological remains dating back over 80,000 years.&nbsp;

Researchers from Aix Marseille University and University of Toulouse, who have carried out the present study, have documented previously that Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens both used the Mandrin cave in alternately.

For the study, the researchers reproduced the tiny flint points found in the cave, some of which are smaller than a US penny, and fired them as arrowheads with a replica bow at dead animals.&nbsp;

"We couldn't throw them at the animals any other way than with a bow because they were too tiny and too light to be efficient," said Laure Metz of Aix Marseille University, a co-author of the study along with Ludovic Slimak of the University of Toulouse.&nbsp;

"We had to use this kind of propulsion," Metz told AFP. "The only way that it was working was with a bow."&nbsp;

Fractures on the flint points were compared with scars found on the artifacts found in the cave, proving undoubtedly that they were used as arrowheads, the researchers said.&nbsp;

"Fractures for a lot of them, not all, were fractures of impact," Metz said. "And they are coming at the end of the point."&nbsp;

Metz said the evidence suggests that the Neanderthals and the Homo sapiens who used in the cave likely met at some point although "we don't know the nature of the meeting, whether it was nicely or not."&nbsp;

"The traditions and technologies mastered by these two populations were thus profoundly distinct, illustrating a remarkable objective technological advantage to modern populations during their expansion into the European continent," the researchers said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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A research has revealed evidence from a cave in southern France that suggests that use of bow and arrow by humans in Europe started were earlier than expected. The reserach reveals that such a use by modern humans in Europe started some 54,000 years ago.

A research has revealed evidence from a cave in southern France that suggests that use of bow and arrow by humans in Europe started were earlier than expected. The reserach reveals that such a use by modern humans in Europe started some 54,000 years ago. Previously it was thought that bow and arrow started being used in Europe 10,000 to 12,000 years ago. The research was published in the journal Science Advances on Wednesday (February 22). Use of bow-and-arrow in Africa has been found to date back to 70,000 years. The new research comes from the Mandrin rock shelter overlooking the middle valley of the Rhone River in southern France. The Grotte Mandrin site, which was first excavated in 1990, includes layer upon layer of archaeological remains dating back over 80,000 years. Researchers from Aix Marseille University and University of Toulouse, who have carried out the present study, have documented previously that Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens both used the Mandrin cave in alternately. For the study, the researchers reproduced the tiny flint points found in the cave, some of which are smaller than a US penny, and fired them as arrowheads with a replica bow at dead animals. "We couldn't throw them at the animals any other way than with a bow because they were too tiny and too light to be efficient," said Laure Metz of Aix Marseille University, a co-author of the study along with Ludovic Slimak of the University of Toulouse. "We had to use this kind of propulsion," Metz told AFP. "The only way that it was working was with a bow." Fractures on the flint points were compared with scars found on the artifacts found in the cave, proving undoubtedly that they were used as arrowheads, the researchers said. "Fractures for a lot of them, not all, were fractures of impact," Metz said. "And they are coming at the end of the point." Metz said the evidence suggests that the Neanderthals and the Homo sapiens who used in the cave likely met at some point although "we don't know the nature of the meeting, whether it was nicely or not." "The traditions and technologies mastered by these two populations were thus profoundly distinct, illustrating a remarkable objective technological advantage to modern populations during their expansion into the European continent," the researchers said. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Humans in Europe used bow and arrow much earlier than previously thought

A new research shows that Goffin’s cockatoos can combine multiple tools to complete a complex task, a phenomenon which has only been observed only in humans and chimpanzees, so far. Scientists have found that the parrots were able to figure out how to use a set of tools, select the best one for the execution of the task, and even transport the tool together before trying to use them. Notably, tool use has been observed in a handful of other species including, orangutans, sea otters, crows, and so on, but these animals were only able to use single tools and complete simple tasks.&nbsp;

The study published on Friday (February 10) in the journal of Current Biology, also found that Goffin’s cockatoos are actually proficient at creating instruments to use them. In a series of experiments, the birds were tasked with retrieving cashew nuts from behind a clear sheet in a box by using a short, pointy stick to break open the barrier and a long, flexible straw-like tool to fish the nut out.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/with-tools-as-cutlery-wild-cockatoos-extract-seeds-from-tropical-fruit-409990">With tools as ‘cutlery’, wild cockatoos extract seeds from tropical fruit</a>

Out of the 10 cockatoos who were a part of the study, seven were able to execute the task, but it was two birds named Figaro and Fini who completed the task within 35 seconds, on their first attempt, which stunned the researchers. Furthermore, six birds were able to complete nine consecutive trials for three continuous days, successfully. Subsequently, five were moved to the second experiment where the birds were presented with a box which required either one or two tools to access a nut inside, at random.&nbsp;

Similarly, as a part of the final experiment, the five birds were again presented with one of the two boxes, at random, but this time they were placed on a platform with two tools placed on the table, which meant that the bird had to collect the tools before climbing the ladder or flying to retrieve the nut. Notably, four out of the five birds began to eventually carry the tools together which indicated that they viewed the tools as a set.&nbsp;

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-scientists-teach-cockatoos-to-play-golf-using-a-puzzle-box-453062">Scientists teach cockatoos to play 'golf' using a puzzle box</a>

In a statement, the study’s first author, Antonio Osuna-Mascaró, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, said, “With this experiment, we can say that, like chimpanzees, Goffin’s cockatoos not only appear to be to using toolsets, but they know that they are using toolsets.” He also went on to describe the birds’ flexibility of behaviour as “stunning.”

“The cockatoos had to act according to the problem; sometimes the toolset was needed, and sometimes only one tool was enough,” said Osuna-Mascaró. Meanwhile, the senior author of the study and cognitive biologist at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Alice Auersperg, also said that the researchers were not sure if the cockatoos would transport two objects together. She added, “It was a little bit of a gamble because I have seen birds combining objects playfully, but they very rarely transport more than one object together in their normal behaviour.” 
 
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A new research shows that Goffin’s cockatoos can combine multiple tools to complete a complex task, a phenomenon which has only been observed only in humans and chimpanzees, so far.

A new research shows that Goffin’s cockatoos can combine multiple tools to complete a complex task, a phenomenon which has only been observed only in humans and chimpanzees, so far. Scientists have found that the parrots were able to figure out how to use a set of tools, select the best one for the execution of the task, and even transport the tool together before trying to use them. Notably, tool use has been observed in a handful of other species including, orangutans, sea otters, crows, and so on, but these animals were only able to use single tools and complete simple tasks. The study published on Friday (February 10) in the journal of Current Biology, also found that Goffin’s cockatoos are actually proficient at creating instruments to use them. In a series of experiments, the birds were tasked with retrieving cashew nuts from behind a clear sheet in a box by using a short, pointy stick to break open the barrier and a long, flexible straw-like tool to fish the nut out. ALSO READ | With tools as ‘cutlery’, wild cockatoos extract seeds from tropical fruit Out of the 10 cockatoos who were a part of the study, seven were able to execute the task, but it was two birds named Figaro and Fini who completed the task within 35 seconds, on their first attempt, which stunned the researchers. Furthermore, six birds were able to complete nine consecutive trials for three continuous days, successfully. Subsequently, five were moved to the second experiment where the birds were presented with a box which required either one or two tools to access a nut inside, at random. Similarly, as a part of the final experiment, the five birds were again presented with one of the two boxes, at random, but this time they were placed on a platform with two tools placed on the table, which meant that the bird had to collect the tools before climbing the ladder or flying to retrieve the nut. Notably, four out of the five birds began to eventually carry the tools together which indicated that they viewed the tools as a set. ALSO WATCH | Scientists teach cockatoos to play 'golf' using a puzzle box In a statement, the study’s first author, Antonio Osuna-Mascaró, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, said, “With this experiment, we can say that, like chimpanzees, Goffin’s cockatoos not only appear to be to using toolsets, but they know that they are using toolsets.” He also went on to describe the birds’ flexibility of behaviour as “stunning.” “The cockatoos had to act according to the problem; sometimes the toolset was needed, and sometimes only one tool was enough,” said Osuna-Mascaró. Meanwhile, the senior author of the study and cognitive biologist at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Alice Auersperg, also said that the researchers were not sure if the cockatoos would transport two objects together. She added, “It was a little bit of a gamble because I have seen birds combining objects playfully, but they very rarely transport more than one object together in their normal behaviour.” WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Goffin's cockatoos join humans, chimps as only species known to use toolset to complete tasks: Study

From the early years of life, humans have been carrying the urge to extend their hands to animals, as per the researchers who observed the interaction between toddlers and friendly dogs.

Children, who were as two years old only, took extra effort to help dogs get tasty treats and toys which were kept beyond their reach, even though they had never met the dogs before, scientists observed.&nbsp;

The research emphasises that the desires of dogs can be understood by the toddlers and they are willing and have to ability to extend their help to the dogs, even though there is very less chance that the dogs would return the favour.&nbsp;

ALSO READ|&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/palmless-us-company-comes-up-with-an-alternative-to-palm-oil-553076">'Palmless': US company comes up with an alternative to palm oil</a>

“It’s really special to see how early this begins,” stated Dr Rachna Reddy, who is the study's first author and an evolutionary anthropologist and holds posts at both Duke University and Harvard University.&nbsp;

“From early in our development we have tendencies to behave prosocially towards other people, to try to understand what’s going on in their minds,” she stated. She added that as per the latest study even toddlers “have the motivation and the ability to extend this kind of helping behaviour to other animals”.&nbsp;

WATCH| Emerging trends in the world of Robotics

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The researchers stated that humans may have been able to thrive in the world because of their friendly approach towards other species, which is visible even in children who are very young and learning to talk and walk.&nbsp;

“Animal domestication was really advantageous to human survival. It really enabled us to live and thrive, there’s a huge evolutionary benefit. Why we came to domesticate animals is a big mystery, and this is one piece of evidence that might help us to understand that mystery,” Reddy said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

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From the early years of life, humans have been carrying the urge to extend their hands to animals, as per the researchers who observed the interaction between toddlers and friendly dogs.

From the early years of life, humans have been carrying the urge to extend their hands to animals, as per the researchers who observed the interaction between toddlers and friendly dogs. Children, who were as two years old only, took extra effort to help dogs get tasty treats and toys which were kept beyond their reach, even though they had never met the dogs before, scientists observed. The research emphasises that the desires of dogs can be understood by the toddlers and they are willing and have to ability to extend their help to the dogs, even though there is very less chance that the dogs would return the favour. ALSO READ| 'Palmless': US company comes up with an alternative to palm oil “It’s really special to see how early this begins,” stated Dr Rachna Reddy, who is the study's first author and an evolutionary anthropologist and holds posts at both Duke University and Harvard University. “From early in our development we have tendencies to behave prosocially towards other people, to try to understand what’s going on in their minds,” she stated. She added that as per the latest study even toddlers “have the motivation and the ability to extend this kind of helping behaviour to other animals”. WATCH| Emerging trends in the world of Robotics The researchers stated that humans may have been able to thrive in the world because of their friendly approach towards other species, which is visible even in children who are very young and learning to talk and walk. “Animal domestication was really advantageous to human survival. It really enabled us to live and thrive, there’s a huge evolutionary benefit. Why we came to domesticate animals is a big mystery, and this is one piece of evidence that might help us to understand that mystery,” Reddy said. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Altruism of humans towards species may have helped them thrive, suggests study

Food as an essential ingredient of human existence, has always played an important role in interstate relations and diplomatic practice.

What’s food diplomacy?

A new research has shown that&nbsp;Chimpanzees show each other objects just for the sake of it, akin to humans, to garner attention.&nbsp;

The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences cites the example of a&nbsp;wild adult chimpanzee named 'Fiona' in the Kibale national park of Uganda.

In a video that has been captured during the study, Fiona can be seen picking a leaf, examining it and later shoving it under her mother Sutherland's nose momentarily, before snatching it back.&nbsp;

“She’s not offering it for food. She doesn’t want her mum to do anything," said Prof Katie Slocombe, a co-author of the study.

"She just wants them to look at it together, and be like ‘Oh, cool, nice!’," added Slocombe.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/liberian-lab-chimps-finally-get-new-lease-of-life-after-a-life-of-trauma-473190">WATCH |&nbsp;Liberian Lab chimps finally get new lease of life after a life of 'trauma'</a>

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The behaviour, previously thought to be unique to humans has intrigued scientists who believe that Chimpanzees might be much closer to humans than we had earlier predicted.

Scientists ruled out alternative explanations for the behaviours such as food sharing and&nbsp;playing or initiating grooming. They said if the motive was to share food, Fiona would have relinquished the possession of the lone leaf but in this case, she did not.&nbsp;

The team of researchers have only recorded one instance of such behaviour but they are optimistic that similar examples can be found in future or previously collected footage.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/in-pics-video-conferencing-brings-chimpanzees-in-different-zoos-closer-371073">Read more:&nbsp;In pics: Video conferencing brings chimpanzees in different zoos closer</a>&nbsp;

Notably,&nbsp;Chimps and humans shared a common ancestor millions of years ago. Scientists refer to Chimps as being the most "humanlike" non-human species as they can perform&nbsp;complicated tasks, such as tool use, which were long thought to be the sole preserve of mankind.&nbsp;

Previously, a&nbsp;12-year observational study found that&nbsp;Chimpanzees develop specific handshake-like gestures depending on their social group.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/chimpanzees-learn-handshakes-according-to-social-group-study-387465">Read more: Chimpanzees learn 'handshakes' according to social group: Study</a>

(With inputs from agencies)

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A new research has shown that Chimpanzees show each other objects just for the sake of it, akin to humans, to garner attention. The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences cites the example of a wild adult chimpanzee named 'Fiona' in the Kibale national park of Uganda.

A new research has shown that Chimpanzees show each other objects just for the sake of it, akin to humans, to garner attention. The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences cites the example of a wild adult chimpanzee named 'Fiona' in the Kibale national park of Uganda. In a video that has been captured during the study, Fiona can be seen picking a leaf, examining it and later shoving it under her mother Sutherland's nose momentarily, before snatching it back. “She’s not offering it for food. She doesn’t want her mum to do anything," said Prof Katie Slocombe, a co-author of the study. "She just wants them to look at it together, and be like ‘Oh, cool, nice!’," added Slocombe. WATCH | Liberian Lab chimps finally get new lease of life after a life of 'trauma' × The behaviour, previously thought to be unique to humans has intrigued scientists who believe that Chimpanzees might be much closer to humans than we had earlier predicted. Scientists ruled out alternative explanations for the behaviours such as food sharing and playing or initiating grooming. They said if the motive was to share food, Fiona would have relinquished the possession of the lone leaf but in this case, she did not. The team of researchers have only recorded one instance of such behaviour but they are optimistic that similar examples can be found in future or previously collected footage. Read more: In pics: Video conferencing brings chimpanzees in different zoos closer Notably, Chimps and humans shared a common ancestor millions of years ago. Scientists refer to Chimps as being the most "humanlike" non-human species as they can perform complicated tasks, such as tool use, which were long thought to be the sole preserve of mankind. Previously, a 12-year observational study found that Chimpanzees develop specific handshake-like gestures depending on their social group. Read more: Chimpanzees learn 'handshakes' according to social group: Study (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Chimpanzees show objects to others, just like humans to simply grab attention: Study

A study published on Friday shows that a skill which was previously thought to be unique to humans, finding rhythmic beats irresistible, was observed in rats also and how they too instinctively bop their heads to music.&nbsp;

The paper titled&nbsp;“Spontaneous beat synchronisation in rats: Neural dynamics and motor entrainment”&nbsp;also offers further insight into not only the animal mind but the origins of our own dance and music, said the researchers. Furthermore, the study published in the journal Science Advances also demonstrates the innate beat synchronisation in animals for the first time.

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/rats-replace-mice-as-main-vermin-in-edinburgh-as-strike-by-refuse-workers-drags-on-511176">Rats replace mice as main vermin in Edinburgh as strike by refuse workers drags on</a>

“Rats displayed innate – that is, without any training or prior exposure to music – beat synchronisation most distinctly within 120-140 bpm (beats per minute), to which humans also exhibit the clearest beat synchronisation,” said Dr Hirokazu Takahashi of the University of Tokyo.

He added, since the auditory cortex, the region of our brain that processes sound, is also within this range of bpm they were able to explain the phenomenon using their “mathematical model of brain adaptation.” He also went on to explain, “Music exerts a strong appeal to the brain and has profound effects on emotion and cognition.”&nbsp;

ALSO WATCH:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/rats-with-backpacks-could-help-rescue-earthquake-survivors-trapped-under-debris-528423">Rats with backpacks could help rescue earthquake survivors trapped under debris</a>

The researchers studied the patterns of 10 rats who were fitted with wireless, miniature accelerometers, which could measure the slightest head movements. Additionally, they also looked at 20 human participants who also wore accelerometers on headphones. They then played one-minute excerpts from Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K. 448, at four different tempos: 75 per cent, 100 per cent, 200 per cent and 400 per cent of the original speed.

They found that while the original tempo is 132 bpm the rats’ beat synchronicity was clearest within the 120-140 bpm range and that both rats and human subjects moved their heads to the beat in a similar rhythm. Notably, the scientists also observed that the level of head jerking decreased when the speed of the music increased.&nbsp;

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-have-successfully-implanted-and-integrated-human-brain-cells-into-newborn-rats-525434">Scientists have successfully implanted and integrated human brain cells into newborn rats</a>

Takahashi said, “Our results suggest that the optimal tempo for beat synchronisation depends on the time constant in the brain. This demonstrates that the animal brain can be useful in elucidating the perceptual mechanisms of music.” Moving forward the team also wants to look at how “other musical properties such as melody and harmony relate to the dynamics of the brain”, he added.

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A study published on Friday shows that a skill which was previously thought to be unique to humans, finding rhythmic beats irresistible, was observed in rats also and how they too instinctively bop their heads to music.

A study published on Friday shows that a skill which was previously thought to be unique to humans, finding rhythmic beats irresistible, was observed in rats also and how they too instinctively bop their heads to music. The paper titled “Spontaneous beat synchronisation in rats: Neural dynamics and motor entrainment” also offers further insight into not only the animal mind but the origins of our own dance and music, said the researchers. Furthermore, the study published in the journal Science Advances also demonstrates the innate beat synchronisation in animals for the first time. ALSO READ: Rats replace mice as main vermin in Edinburgh as strike by refuse workers drags on “Rats displayed innate – that is, without any training or prior exposure to music – beat synchronisation most distinctly within 120-140 bpm (beats per minute), to which humans also exhibit the clearest beat synchronisation,” said Dr Hirokazu Takahashi of the University of Tokyo. He added, since the auditory cortex, the region of our brain that processes sound, is also within this range of bpm they were able to explain the phenomenon using their “mathematical model of brain adaptation.” He also went on to explain, “Music exerts a strong appeal to the brain and has profound effects on emotion and cognition.” ALSO WATCH: Rats with backpacks could help rescue earthquake survivors trapped under debris The researchers studied the patterns of 10 rats who were fitted with wireless, miniature accelerometers, which could measure the slightest head movements. Additionally, they also looked at 20 human participants who also wore accelerometers on headphones. They then played one-minute excerpts from Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K. 448, at four different tempos: 75 per cent, 100 per cent, 200 per cent and 400 per cent of the original speed. They found that while the original tempo is 132 bpm the rats’ beat synchronicity was clearest within the 120-140 bpm range and that both rats and human subjects moved their heads to the beat in a similar rhythm. Notably, the scientists also observed that the level of head jerking decreased when the speed of the music increased. ALSO READ: Scientists have successfully implanted and integrated human brain cells into newborn rats Takahashi said, “Our results suggest that the optimal tempo for beat synchronisation depends on the time constant in the brain. This demonstrates that the animal brain can be useful in elucidating the perceptual mechanisms of music.” Moving forward the team also wants to look at how “other musical properties such as melody and harmony relate to the dynamics of the brain”, he added. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Can't resist moving to a good beat? A new study shows rats cannot either

Cockatoos have entered into a garbage war with humans in Sydney. These trash raiding Cockatoos are going against humans to feed on rubbish.

WION Climate Tracker | Cockatoos in 'arms race' with Australians over rubbish bins

A recent study by Pathfinder revealed that even a simple blood test can detect multiple cancer types in a patient even before there are any obvious symptoms of illness.

The study was offered to over 6,000 adults aged 50 or older and detected few cases of illness. The overall results revealed that nearly a third of the cancer tests were for cancer, which was not regularly checked or was in the early stages.

In addition to detecting sickness, the test also predicts the location of cancer, enabling medical professionals to accelerate further treatments required to confirm cancer.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/first-time-fathers-experience-brain-shrinkage-says-a-study-515156">Also read |&nbsp;First-time fathers suffer brain shrinkage, but cognitive abilities are not impacted: Study</a>

This was the first time that results from Galleri tests were returned to patients and doctors to guide them through any further tests or treatments.

NHS England has called the Galleri test a gamechanger and plans to release the tests of trials of 165,000 individuals next year.

6,621 adults were offered blood in the study, out of&nbsp;which 6,529 were detected as negative, but probable cancer was detected in 92. Furthermore, 36 people, or 1.4 per cent of the study group, had solid tumours or blood cancer, and a woman was diagnosed with two cancers at the same time.

The test also discovered 19 solid tumours in organs like the breast, liver, lung, and colon, along with ovarian and pancreatic cancer. In total, 36 tumours were found, of which 14 were in early stages and the remaining 26 were cancers that were not regularly checked.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-test-developed-with-help-of-woman-who-can-smell-parkinsons-513831">Also read |&nbsp;New test developed with help of ‘woman who can smell Parkinson’s’</a>

Fabrice Andre, a senior researcher, said, "Research like this is crucial for making progress against late-stage cancers and giving more patients the chance of a good outcome. The Pathfinder trial results give us a better understanding of how frequently cancer is found by this blood test in people who haven’t been previously diagnosed. He further said, "But we will need data from larger studies to fully assess this test and other similar tests in development, especially to understand whether people actually survive for longer after their cancer is picked up," The Guardian.

However, the technology is still in the process of development. Doctors hope the technology may save lives by detecting cancer at early enough stages for surgery and treatment to be more effective.

(With inputs from agencies)

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A recent study by Pathfinder revealed that even a simple blood test can detect multiple cancer types in a patient even before there are any obvious symptoms of illness.

A recent study by Pathfinder revealed that even a simple blood test can detect multiple cancer types in a patient even before there are any obvious symptoms of illness. The study was offered to over 6,000 adults aged 50 or older and detected few cases of illness. The overall results revealed that nearly a third of the cancer tests were for cancer, which was not regularly checked or was in the early stages. In addition to detecting sickness, the test also predicts the location of cancer, enabling medical professionals to accelerate further treatments required to confirm cancer. Also read | First-time fathers suffer brain shrinkage, but cognitive abilities are not impacted: Study This was the first time that results from Galleri tests were returned to patients and doctors to guide them through any further tests or treatments. NHS England has called the Galleri test a gamechanger and plans to release the tests of trials of 165,000 individuals next year. 6,621 adults were offered blood in the study, out of which 6,529 were detected as negative, but probable cancer was detected in 92. Furthermore, 36 people, or 1.4 per cent of the study group, had solid tumours or blood cancer, and a woman was diagnosed with two cancers at the same time. The test also discovered 19 solid tumours in organs like the breast, liver, lung, and colon, along with ovarian and pancreatic cancer. In total, 36 tumours were found, of which 14 were in early stages and the remaining 26 were cancers that were not regularly checked. Also read | New test developed with help of ‘woman who can smell Parkinson’s’ Fabrice Andre, a senior researcher, said, "Research like this is crucial for making progress against late-stage cancers and giving more patients the chance of a good outcome. The Pathfinder trial results give us a better understanding of how frequently cancer is found by this blood test in people who haven’t been previously diagnosed. He further said, "But we will need data from larger studies to fully assess this test and other similar tests in development, especially to understand whether people actually survive for longer after their cancer is picked up," The Guardian. However, the technology is still in the process of development. Doctors hope the technology may save lives by detecting cancer at early enough stages for surgery and treatment to be more effective. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Study reveals this blood test can now detect if you have cancer without any clear symptoms 

Dogs are an instant source of serotonin and oxytocin for many. The way they jump across the room and rush to their owners, wagging their cute little tails is something that seals an eternal bond between humans and their most faithful pet. Now, a study has revealed that during this reuniting moment, dogs tend to get more teary-eyed than usual.

Reportedly, the study published by Japanese scientists in the journal Current Biology states that dogs tear up with joy and happiness whenever they are reunited with their owners after a prolonged period of absence.&nbsp;

"We found that dogs shed tears associated with positive emotions. We also made the discovery of oxytocin as a possible mechanism underlying it," said one of the authors related to the study.&nbsp;

The team of scientists used a test called the Schirmer Tear Test to gauge its hypothesis on 20 dogs. In the test, a paper strip is placed inside the eyelid of the furry pets for&nbsp;a minute before and after they were reunited with their owners.&nbsp;

To make the results more comprehensive and true, the scientists used a normal meeting of the dog and its owner as the baseline. Afterwards, both readings were compared, allowing the scientists to make an informed inference.&nbsp;

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/these-genius-dogs-could-remember-names-of-100-of-their-toys-418574">These 'genius dogs' could remember names of 100 of their toys</a>

The study clearly showed that the dogs produced more tears within the first five minutes of the reunification. Reportedly, the baseline readings were&nbsp;around the 22mm mark,&nbsp;which increased by 10 per cent after the meeting.&nbsp;

According to the researchers, they even compared the data when the dogs were reunited with someone they were familiar with. However, the tears only increased when reunited with the owner.&nbsp;

Takefumi Kikusui, co-author of the study and a professor at the Laboratory of Human-Animal Interaction first got the idea of conducting such research when he saw his poodle swell up with tears while tending to her.

"That gave me the idea that oxytocin could increase the tears,” remarked Kikusui.&nbsp;

Read more:<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/dogs-may-be-seeing-through-smells-says-a-study-500591">&nbsp;Dogs may be 'seeing' through smells, says a study</a>

(With inputs from agencies) 
 
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&nbsp;

Dogs are an instant source of serotonin and oxytocin for many. The way they jump across the room and rush to their owners, wagging their cute little tails is something that seals an eternal bond between humans and their most faithful pet.

Dogs are an instant source of serotonin and oxytocin for many. The way they jump across the room and rush to their owners, wagging their cute little tails is something that seals an eternal bond between humans and their most faithful pet. Now, a study has revealed that during this reuniting moment, dogs tend to get more teary-eyed than usual. Reportedly, the study published by Japanese scientists in the journal Current Biology states that dogs tear up with joy and happiness whenever they are reunited with their owners after a prolonged period of absence. "We found that dogs shed tears associated with positive emotions. We also made the discovery of oxytocin as a possible mechanism underlying it," said one of the authors related to the study. The team of scientists used a test called the Schirmer Tear Test to gauge its hypothesis on 20 dogs. In the test, a paper strip is placed inside the eyelid of the furry pets for a minute before and after they were reunited with their owners. To make the results more comprehensive and true, the scientists used a normal meeting of the dog and its owner as the baseline. Afterwards, both readings were compared, allowing the scientists to make an informed inference. Read more: These 'genius dogs' could remember names of 100 of their toys The study clearly showed that the dogs produced more tears within the first five minutes of the reunification. Reportedly, the baseline readings were around the 22mm mark, which increased by 10 per cent after the meeting. According to the researchers, they even compared the data when the dogs were reunited with someone they were familiar with. However, the tears only increased when reunited with the owner. Takefumi Kikusui, co-author of the study and a professor at the Laboratory of Human-Animal Interaction first got the idea of conducting such research when he saw his poodle swell up with tears while tending to her. "That gave me the idea that oxytocin could increase the tears,” remarked Kikusui. Read more: Dogs may be 'seeing' through smells, says a study (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Dogs get more teary-eyed after being reunited with their owners: Study

Scientists managed to revive the organs of pigs, 6 hours after their death. Could this experiment have clinical implications for humans? How does it change our understanding of death? Palki Sharma tells you.

Gravitas: Dead pig's organs brought back to life

Science is never static, it evolved as new tools and techniques become available and old knowledge is updated with new based on obesrvations, tests and study. Change is of course the only constant and the adage fits perfectly to all sciences.

A new study has added to the discussion of when exactly did humans arrived to North America.

It is generally considered that first native Americans arrived in North America in 10,000 BC. These people are thought to have crossed the 'alnd bridge' that previously connected Siberia (Russia) and Alaska (North America).

However, new findings put forth an assertion that North America was populated by humans tens of thousands of years before the previously accepted date of their arrival.

Analysis of mammoth bones suggests that humans were present in North America in 37,000 BC.

Now how did the scientists arrive at this conclusion? They found a bone of a female mammoth that lived 37,000 years ago. And they found injuries on the bone that could only have made by butchering by ancient humans.

“I think it’s a rock-solid radiocarbon date,” said paleontologist Timothy Rowe, a professor at the Jackson School of Geosciences at the University of Texas in Austin. “Skeptics will put everything under the microscope, but I think we checked every box.”

Rowe is the lead author of the study on these bones. The study has been published in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.

He was quoted by NBC.

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Science is never static, it evolved as new tools and techniques become available and old knowledge is updated with new based on obesrvations, tests and study. Change is of course the only constant and the adage fits perfectly to all sciences.

Science is never static, it evolved as new tools and techniques become available and old knowledge is updated with new based on obesrvations, tests and study. Change is of course the only constant and the adage fits perfectly to all sciences. A new study has added to the discussion of when exactly did humans arrived to North America. It is generally considered that first native Americans arrived in North America in 10,000 BC. These people are thought to have crossed the 'alnd bridge' that previously connected Siberia (Russia) and Alaska (North America). However, new findings put forth an assertion that North America was populated by humans tens of thousands of years before the previously accepted date of their arrival. Analysis of mammoth bones suggests that humans were present in North America in 37,000 BC. Now how did the scientists arrive at this conclusion? They found a bone of a female mammoth that lived 37,000 years ago. And they found injuries on the bone that could only have made by butchering by ancient humans. “I think it’s a rock-solid radiocarbon date,” said paleontologist Timothy Rowe, a professor at the Jackson School of Geosciences at the University of Texas in Austin. “Skeptics will put everything under the microscope, but I think we checked every box.” Rowe is the lead author of the study on these bones. The study has been published in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. He was quoted by NBC. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

When did first humans reach America? Mammoth bones add to the debate

Working hypothesis on human evolution says that the ability to use fire in a controlled manner was a major step. The fire gave protection from cold and even led to man cooking his food before consumption. This further gave protection against microbes present in the food. Hence, studying evidence of use of fire forms an important aspect of archaeological investigation.

Now, a new technique has been used to determine that hominins, a form of man before it evolved into its modern form, used fire even 800,000 years ago.

The new technique involves use of Artificial Intelligence. Such a method, if used more, will give archaeology a more data driven basis.

Experts involved in this study are from Weizmann Institute of Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Toronto.

“The deep learning models that prevailed had a specific architecture that outperformed the others and successfully gave us the confidence we needed to further use this tool in an archaeological context having no visual signs of fire use,” said one of the researchers as quoted by SciTechDaily.

“It was not only a demonstration of exploration and being rewarded in terms of the knowledge gained,” said another researcher, “but of the potential that lies in combining different disciplines: Ido has a background in quantum chemistry, Zane is a scientific archaeologist, and Liora and Michael are prehistorians. By working together, we have learned from each other. For me, it’s a demonstration of how scientific research across the humanities and science should work.”

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Working hypothesis on human evolution says that the ability to use fire in a controlled manner was a major step. The fire gave protection from cold and even led to man cooking his food before consumption.

Working hypothesis on human evolution says that the ability to use fire in a controlled manner was a major step. The fire gave protection from cold and even led to man cooking his food before consumption. This further gave protection against microbes present in the food. Hence, studying evidence of use of fire forms an important aspect of archaeological investigation. Now, a new technique has been used to determine that hominins, a form of man before it evolved into its modern form, used fire even 800,000 years ago. The new technique involves use of Artificial Intelligence. Such a method, if used more, will give archaeology a more data driven basis. Experts involved in this study are from Weizmann Institute of Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Toronto. “The deep learning models that prevailed had a specific architecture that outperformed the others and successfully gave us the confidence we needed to further use this tool in an archaeological context having no visual signs of fire use,” said one of the researchers as quoted by SciTechDaily. “It was not only a demonstration of exploration and being rewarded in terms of the knowledge gained,” said another researcher, “but of the potential that lies in combining different disciplines: Ido has a background in quantum chemistry, Zane is a scientific archaeologist, and Liora and Michael are prehistorians. By working together, we have learned from each other. For me, it’s a demonstration of how scientific research across the humanities and science should work.” You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

AI tools help scientists to find hominins used fire 800k years ago

A 390 million-year-old fish-like creature with four limbs that was discovered in Scotland in the 1890s has been revealed to be the first ancestor of all four-limbed animals, including humans. This ancient creature was unearthed at a prehistoric graveyard in Caithness. A new research study has said that the creature, called Palaeospondylus gunni, could be the ‘missing link’ in the evolution of vertebrates. Notably, the researchers found an abundance of these fish-like creature from the Scotland prehistoric graveyard. Even though it was discovered over 130 years back, the scientists have been finding it difficult to place it on the evolutionary tree, as the Palaeospondylus was only about two inches (5 cm) long, making cranial reconstructions difficult.

But now, researchers from RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research in Japan uncovered evidence that the creature had a jaw and four limbs, reports DailyMail.com

The research put this creature at the bottom of the family tree for vertebrates, including humans.&nbsp;

This ancient creature had a flat head, an eel-like body and lived on the bed of a deep freshwater loch, feeding on leaves and other organic debris, says the study published in the journal Nature.

And at that time, Scotland's landmass was placed south of the equator, where central Africa is today. It was arid and “semi-hot”, according to scientists.

Palaeopondylus was the first vertebrate to make it their way out of water. Eventually, it’s fins grew into limbs and gave rise to mammals, birds and reptiles.

"Palaeospondylus gunni, from the Middle Devonian period, is one of the most enigmatic fossil vertebrates,” lead author Professor Tatsuya Hirasawa, of Tokyo University in Japan, was quoted as saying by the The Scotsman newspaper.

"Its phylogenetic position has remained unclear since its discovery in Scotland more than 130 years ago. Whether these features were evolutionarily lost or whether normal development froze half-way in fossils might never be known.”

“Nevertheless, this evolution might have facilitated the development of new features like limbs.”

(With inputs from agencies)

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A 390 million-year-old fish-like creature with four limbs that was discovered in Scotland in the 1890s has been revealed to be the first ancestor of all four-limbed animals, including humans.

A 390 million-year-old fish-like creature with four limbs that was discovered in Scotland in the 1890s has been revealed to be the first ancestor of all four-limbed animals, including humans. This ancient creature was unearthed at a prehistoric graveyard in Caithness. A new research study has said that the creature, called Palaeospondylus gunni, could be the ‘missing link’ in the evolution of vertebrates. Notably, the researchers found an abundance of these fish-like creature from the Scotland prehistoric graveyard. Even though it was discovered over 130 years back, the scientists have been finding it difficult to place it on the evolutionary tree, as the Palaeospondylus was only about two inches (5 cm) long, making cranial reconstructions difficult. But now, researchers from RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research in Japan uncovered evidence that the creature had a jaw and four limbs, reports DailyMail.com The research put this creature at the bottom of the family tree for vertebrates, including humans. This ancient creature had a flat head, an eel-like body and lived on the bed of a deep freshwater loch, feeding on leaves and other organic debris, says the study published in the journal Nature. And at that time, Scotland's landmass was placed south of the equator, where central Africa is today. It was arid and “semi-hot”, according to scientists. Palaeopondylus was the first vertebrate to make it their way out of water. Eventually, it’s fins grew into limbs and gave rise to mammals, birds and reptiles. "Palaeospondylus gunni, from the Middle Devonian period, is one of the most enigmatic fossil vertebrates,” lead author Professor Tatsuya Hirasawa, of Tokyo University in Japan, was quoted as saying by the The Scotsman newspaper. "Its phylogenetic position has remained unclear since its discovery in Scotland more than 130 years ago. Whether these features were evolutionarily lost or whether normal development froze half-way in fossils might never be known.” “Nevertheless, this evolution might have facilitated the development of new features like limbs.” (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

This 390 million-year-old fish-like creature is revealed to be earliest ancestors of humans

In the next few years, humans may have a close encounter with aliens, said former NASA chief scientist recently. &nbsp;

After expressing belief that life exists beyond Earth, the scientist, Jim Green, told BBC's HARDtalk that humans are on the edge of a "really astounding discovery". &nbsp;

Jim, who has worked at the US space agency for 40 years, believes aliens will be discovered within his lifetime. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/big-revelation-chinese-rover-unearths-evidence-of-waters-presence-on-mars-read-details-here-478281" hreflang="en">Big revelation: Chinese rover unearths evidence of water’s presence on Mars. Read details here</a>

Enormous progress has been made and Jim said that more planets within our galaxy are nowadays known to have stars. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Green said, "Many of them are in places much like the Earth where we can receive the light from the Sun and we can have water. And not only in liquid form - frozen form and vapour form. These are important conditions we believe for life. We are finding planets that have conditions where life may arise.” &nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;Decoding UFOs: What do we know about ‘flying saucers’?

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“With our next big telescope, we are going to start teasing out what some of these planets look like from their atmospheres. We are going to be comparing these atmospheres to the ones we know. Are they more Venus-like, are they more Mars-like, are they more Earth-like?" he added. &nbsp;&nbsp;

It is a huge step forward and we can see "really astounding discoveries in the next handful of years,"&nbsp;he stated. &nbsp;&nbsp;

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(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

In the next few years, humans may have a close encounter with aliens, said former NASA chief scientist recently. After expressing belief that life exists beyond Earth, the scientist, Jim Green, told BBC's HARDtalk that humans are on the edge of a "really astounding discovery".

In the next few years, humans may have a close encounter with aliens, said former NASA chief scientist recently. After expressing belief that life exists beyond Earth, the scientist, Jim Green, told BBC's HARDtalk that humans are on the edge of a "really astounding discovery". Jim, who has worked at the US space agency for 40 years, believes aliens will be discovered within his lifetime. Also Read: Big revelation: Chinese rover unearths evidence of water’s presence on Mars. Read details here Enormous progress has been made and Jim said that more planets within our galaxy are nowadays known to have stars. Green said, "Many of them are in places much like the Earth where we can receive the light from the Sun and we can have water. And not only in liquid form - frozen form and vapour form. These are important conditions we believe for life. We are finding planets that have conditions where life may arise.” Watch | Decoding UFOs: What do we know about ‘flying saucers’? “With our next big telescope, we are going to start teasing out what some of these planets look like from their atmospheres. We are going to be comparing these atmospheres to the ones we know. Are they more Venus-like, are they more Mars-like, are they more Earth-like?" he added. It is a huge step forward and we can see "really astounding discoveries in the next handful of years," he stated. WATCH WION LIVE HERE (With inputs from agencies)

Waiting for it? In next few years, humans may have close encounter with aliens, says former NASA scientist

Nowadays, several people have heard about black holes. But has anyone heard a black hole till now? &nbsp;

Sounds confusing? Well, it isn’t as we are talking about the type of sound a black hole makes. &nbsp;

To help us get to know how a black hole sounds like, NASA has successfully remixed it. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/in-pics-unravel-the-mystery-what-are-solar-flares-477082" hreflang="en">In Pics | Unravel the mystery: What are solar flares?</a>

The sound was originally captured in the Perseus Galaxy. It was done by the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is already known for "sonifications" or reproductions of galactic data into sounds. &nbsp;

Now, humans can hear the sound of the black hole forever. &nbsp;

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If a black hole erupts in space and no one is around to observe it, does it make a sound? 
 
Not to worry; the <a href="https://twitter.com/chandraxray?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ChandraXray</a> Observatory is here with new <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BlackHoleWeek?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BlackHoleWeek</a> sonifications from galaxy clusters far, far away. Listen: <a href="https://t.co/yGu0RuP7TX">https://t.co/yGu0RuP7TX</a> <a href="https://t.co/6rAgJafmAa">pic.twitter.com/6rAgJafmAa</a>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1522287741312114689?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 5, 2022</a></blockquote>
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Since 2003, the Perseus Galaxy has been known to have a noise-making black hole at its centre. At the time of discovery of this black hole, scientists had observed it for 53 hours. &nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;Decoding UFOs: What do we know about ‘flying saucers’?

<iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/decoding-ufos-what-do-we-know-about-flying-saucers-476318/embed" width="560"></iframe>

According to the observatory, the "copious amounts of gas" in this galaxy act&nbsp;like a medium needed for sound waves to travel on. It also somehow proves that space isn't a complete vacuum. &nbsp; &nbsp;

This noise was around 57 to 58 octaves lower than middle C and at about a B flat. &nbsp;

To make it hearable for humans, the note was scaled upwards around 144 quadrillion and 288 quadrillion times by the scientists at the observatory. &nbsp;&nbsp;

WATCH WION LIVE HERE

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(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Nowadays, several people have heard about black holes. But has anyone heard a black hole till now? Sounds confusing? Well, it isn’t as we are talking about the type of sound a black hole makes.

Nowadays, several people have heard about black holes. But has anyone heard a black hole till now? Sounds confusing? Well, it isn’t as we are talking about the type of sound a black hole makes. To help us get to know how a black hole sounds like, NASA has successfully remixed it. Also Read: In Pics | Unravel the mystery: What are solar flares? The sound was originally captured in the Perseus Galaxy. It was done by the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which is already known for "sonifications" or reproductions of galactic data into sounds. Now, humans can hear the sound of the black hole forever. If a black hole erupts in space and no one is around to observe it, does it make a sound? Not to worry; the @ChandraXray Observatory is here with new #BlackHoleWeek sonifications from galaxy clusters far, far away. Listen: https://t.co/yGu0RuP7TX pic.twitter.com/6rAgJafmAa — NASA (@NASA) May 5, 2022 × Since 2003, the Perseus Galaxy has been known to have a noise-making black hole at its centre. At the time of discovery of this black hole, scientists had observed it for 53 hours. Watch | Decoding UFOs: What do we know about ‘flying saucers’? According to the observatory, the "copious amounts of gas" in this galaxy act like a medium needed for sound waves to travel on. It also somehow proves that space isn't a complete vacuum. This noise was around 57 to 58 octaves lower than middle C and at about a B flat. To make it hearable for humans, the note was scaled upwards around 144 quadrillion and 288 quadrillion times by the scientists at the observatory. WATCH WION LIVE HERE (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: What does black hole sound like? Find out here  

We, humans, are a curious species, always trying to find something more. More than what we know, what we can see, and what we have. Our search for more is endless and it has expanded beyond our planet. In this quest, humanity has tried to contact aliens several times. The quest to talk to the 'green little men' actually started more than a century ago.

All the times humanity tried to communicate with aliens

Dangerous superbugs can get transmitted from pigs to humans, said scientists. &nbsp; &nbsp;

The revelation has been made by Semeh Bejaoui and Dorte Frees of Copenhagen University, and Soren Persson of Statens Serum Institute, Denmark, media reports said. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The research focuses on the superbug, Clostridioides difficile. It is one of the world’s major antibiotic resistance threats. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/between-1940-and-now-nutrients-levels-in-fruits-vegetables-in-uk-reduced-by-50-says-study-473160" hreflang="en">Between 1940 and now, nutrients' levels in fruits, vegetables in UK reduced by 50%, says study</a>

“Our finding indicates that C difficile is a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes that can be exchanged between animals and humans. This alarming discovery suggests that resistance to antibiotics can spread more widely than previously thought, and confirms links in the resistance chain leading from farm animals to humans,” Bejaoui told the Guardian. &nbsp;

Bejaoui is going to present the study at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases in Lisbon on Sunday. &nbsp;

C difficile can infect the human gut. It is also resistant to all but three antibiotics. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The prevalence of C difficile was investigated in farm animals by the team led by Bejaoui. &nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;UK based study triggers health concerns, experts research COVID's long-term impact

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In the research, pigs were studied. To see if there is a match in humans, the results were also compared with clinical isolates in Danish hospital patients. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The presence of C difficile was searched in the samples. Genetic sequencing was also used to see if it harboured toxin and drug resistance genes. &nbsp;

“We found that the strains isolated in pigs were genetically identical to the ones found in humans over the same period. We still have to show that the strains were passed from pigs to humans but what our study does make clear is that farms that use antibiotics are creating conditions which allow resistant strains to flourish and these will ultimately infect humans,” Bejaoui added. &nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Dangerous superbugs can get transmitted from pigs to humans, said scientists. The revelation has been made by Semeh Bejaoui and Dorte Frees of Copenhagen University, and Soren Persson of Statens Serum Institute, Denmark, media reports said.

Dangerous superbugs can get transmitted from pigs to humans, said scientists. The revelation has been made by Semeh Bejaoui and Dorte Frees of Copenhagen University, and Soren Persson of Statens Serum Institute, Denmark, media reports said. The research focuses on the superbug, Clostridioides difficile. It is one of the world’s major antibiotic resistance threats. Also Read: Between 1940 and now, nutrients' levels in fruits, vegetables in UK reduced by 50%, says study “Our finding indicates that C difficile is a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes that can be exchanged between animals and humans. This alarming discovery suggests that resistance to antibiotics can spread more widely than previously thought, and confirms links in the resistance chain leading from farm animals to humans,” Bejaoui told the Guardian. Bejaoui is going to present the study at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases in Lisbon on Sunday. C difficile can infect the human gut. It is also resistant to all but three antibiotics. The prevalence of C difficile was investigated in farm animals by the team led by Bejaoui. Watch: UK based study triggers health concerns, experts research COVID's long-term impact × In the research, pigs were studied. To see if there is a match in humans, the results were also compared with clinical isolates in Danish hospital patients. The presence of C difficile was searched in the samples. Genetic sequencing was also used to see if it harboured toxin and drug resistance genes. “We found that the strains isolated in pigs were genetically identical to the ones found in humans over the same period. We still have to show that the strains were passed from pigs to humans but what our study does make clear is that farms that use antibiotics are creating conditions which allow resistant strains to flourish and these will ultimately infect humans,” Bejaoui added. (With inputs from agencies)

Dangerous superbugs may get transmitted from pigs to humans, say scientists   

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