In two distant star systems, NASA’s Hubble Telescope has captured rare aftermaths of planetary collisions vast clouds of dust and debris marking the violent death of once-stable worlds. A cosmic story of destruction, rebirth, and the eternal struggle between creation and chaos.


NASA records planetary destruction: Death of worlds revealed

Located 63 light-years away in the constellation Vulpecula, it appeared almost inviting. The truth, however, is that HD 189733b is among the most deadly worlds ever identified.

<p>Located 63 light-years away in the constellation Vulpecula, it appeared almost inviting. The truth, however, is that HD 189733b is among the most deadly worlds ever identified.</p>

Could you survive HD 189733b, the 927°C world that rains razor-sharp glass?

Here are 9 Hubble Telescope images that truly go Beyond Imagination.

<p>Here are 9 Hubble Telescope images that truly go Beyond Imagination.</p>

Hidden Marvels: 9 Breathtaking Images from the Hubble Telescope You Must See

<p>The Hubble Telescope has captured a remarkable cosmic structure&mdash;LEDA 1313424&mdash;a galaxy surrounded by nine star-filled rings. While eight rings surrounding LEDA 1313424 were first observed by the Hubble Telescope, astronomers later confirmed the existence of a ninth ring. This confirmation came through additional data collected by the WM Keck Observatory in Hawaii, marking the first detection of such a phenomenon with nine rings.</p>
<h2><strong>Formation of the rings</strong></h2>
<p>The researchers speculate that the first two rings in the Bullseye galaxy formed rapidly and spread outward. The creation of the remaining rings occurred in a staggered pattern, likely due to the dwarf galaxy's more significant impact on the initial rings.&nbsp;</p>
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<h2><strong>Rare cosmic event</strong></h2>
<p>Although galaxies often collide or pass by one another on cosmic timescales, it is extraordinarily rare for one galaxy to pass directly through the centre of another. An example of such a collision is the impending encounter between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy.</p>
<h2><strong>Impact of the blue dwarf galaxy</strong></h2>
<p>The rings were formed when a much smaller blue dwarf galaxy, referred to as an &ldquo;arrow,&rdquo; shot through the heart of the larger galaxy. This cosmic impact occurred about 50 million years ago, and its effects left behind the striking rings surrounding the galaxy.</p>
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<p>Astronomers used both land and space-based telescopes to study this collision, confirming the path of the blue dwarf galaxy, which travelled through the center-left part of LEDA 1313424, creating the mesmerizing ripple effect.</p>
<h2><strong>Gigantic structure in the universe</strong></h2>
<p>The Bullseye galaxy, at 250,000 light-years across, is nearly two-and-a-half times larger than our Milky Way, which measures approximately 100,000 light-years in diameter. This vast size, coupled with the collision, explains the extraordinary number of rings seen in this distant galaxy.</p>
<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

SCIENCE & TECH | Trending: The researchers speculate that the first two rings in the Bullseye galaxy formed rapidly and spread outward. The remaining rings were created in a staggered pattern, likely due to the dwarf galaxy's impact on the initial rings.

The Hubble Telescope has captured a remarkable cosmic structure—LEDA 1313424—a galaxy surrounded by nine star-filled rings. While eight rings surrounding LEDA 1313424 were first observed by the Hubble Telescope, astronomers later confirmed the existence of a ninth ring. This confirmation came through additional data collected by the WM Keck Observatory in Hawaii, marking the first detection of such a phenomenon with nine rings. Formation of the rings The researchers speculate that the first two rings in the Bullseye galaxy formed rapidly and spread outward. The creation of the remaining rings occurred in a staggered pattern, likely due to the dwarf galaxy's more significant impact on the initial rings. Also Read | ISRO's NVS-02 satellite stuck in initial orbit, survival uncertain Rare cosmic event Although galaxies often collide or pass by one another on cosmic timescales, it is extraordinarily rare for one galaxy to pass directly through the centre of another. An example of such a collision is the impending encounter between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. Impact of the blue dwarf galaxy The rings were formed when a much smaller blue dwarf galaxy, referred to as an “arrow,” shot through the heart of the larger galaxy. This cosmic impact occurred about 50 million years ago, and its effects left behind the striking rings surrounding the galaxy. Also Read | OpenAI chief Sam Altman talks AI collaboration with India, calls country 'incredibly important market' Astronomers used both land and space-based telescopes to study this collision, confirming the path of the blue dwarf galaxy, which travelled through the center-left part of LEDA 1313424, creating the mesmerizing ripple effect. Gigantic structure in the universe The Bullseye galaxy, at 250,000 light-years across, is nearly two-and-a-half times larger than our Milky Way, which measures approximately 100,000 light-years in diameter. This vast size, coupled with the collision, explains the extraordinary number of rings seen in this distant galaxy. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble telescope spots gargantuan galaxy with nine mysterious rings

<p>In a stunning discovery, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope spotted Jupiter's legendary Great Red Spot (GRS) shaking like a bowl of gelatin.</p>

<p>The GRS has always intrigued the astronomers with its existence. It is an anticyclone on the planet which is large enough that it can swallow Earth and is believed to have been present for at least 150 years.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, in the new observations made by Hubble from the data collected across 90 days between December 2023 to March 2024, it was found that GRS is not actually stable.</p>

<p>The combination of the Hubble images helped astronomers create a time-lapse movie of the abrupt behaviour of the GRS.</p>

<p>"While we knew its motion varies slightly in its longitude, we didn't expect to see the size oscillate. As far as we know, it's not been identified before," said Amy Simon, lead author of the paper&nbsp;published&nbsp;in&nbsp;The Planetary Science Journal and member of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland.</p>

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<p>"This is really the first time we've had the proper imaging cadence of the GRS. With Hubble's high resolution, we can say that the GRS is definitively squeezing in and out at the same time as it moves faster and slower. That was very unexpected, and at present, there are no hydrodynamic explanations," he added.</p>

<h2><strong>Here's how astronomers used Hubble telescope to study</strong></h2>

<p>The team, led by Simon, used the Hubble telescope to zoom in on the GRS and get detailed information regarding its size, shape, and any subtle colour changes.</p>

<p>"When we look closely, we see a lot of things are changing from day to day," Simon said.</p>

<p>In the study, ultraviolet-light observations were made, which showed that the storm's distinct core gets brightest when the GRS reaches its largest size in its oscillation cycle. This is indicative of less haze absorption in the upper atmosphere.</p>

<p>"As it accelerates and decelerates, the GRS is pushing against the windy jet streams to the north and south of it," stated co-investigator Mike Wong of the University of California at Berkeley.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>"It's similar to a sandwich where the slices of bread are forced to bulge out when there's too much filling in the middle," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Since the OPAL programme started 10 years ago, the team has been watching the GRS shrink and has predicted that it will continue shrinking before it takes a stable, less-elongated, shape.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Right now it's over-filling its latitude band relative to the wind field. Once it shrinks inside that band, the winds will really be holding it in place," Simon said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to the team, the GRS will most probably get stabilised in size.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


In a stunning discovery, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope spotted Jupiter's legendary Great Red Spot (GRS) shaking like a bowl of gelatin. The GRS has always intrigued the astronomers with its existence.

In a stunning discovery, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope spotted Jupiter's legendary Great Red Spot (GRS) shaking like a bowl of gelatin. The GRS has always intrigued the astronomers with its existence. It is an anticyclone on the planet which is large enough that it can swallow Earth and is believed to have been present for at least 150 years. However, in the new observations made by Hubble from the data collected across 90 days between December 2023 to March 2024, it was found that GRS is not actually stable. The combination of the Hubble images helped astronomers create a time-lapse movie of the abrupt behaviour of the GRS. "While we knew its motion varies slightly in its longitude, we didn't expect to see the size oscillate. As far as we know, it's not been identified before," said Amy Simon, lead author of the paper published in The Planetary Science Journal and member of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland. Also Read: Journey to Jupiter: JUICE slingshots by Earth en route to Venus after historic flyby "This is really the first time we've had the proper imaging cadence of the GRS. With Hubble's high resolution, we can say that the GRS is definitively squeezing in and out at the same time as it moves faster and slower. That was very unexpected, and at present, there are no hydrodynamic explanations," he added. Here's how astronomers used Hubble telescope to study The team, led by Simon, used the Hubble telescope to zoom in on the GRS and get detailed information regarding its size, shape, and any subtle colour changes. "When we look closely, we see a lot of things are changing from day to day," Simon said. In the study, ultraviolet-light observations were made, which showed that the storm's distinct core gets brightest when the GRS reaches its largest size in its oscillation cycle. This is indicative of less haze absorption in the upper atmosphere. "As it accelerates and decelerates, the GRS is pushing against the windy jet streams to the north and south of it," stated co-investigator Mike Wong of the University of California at Berkeley. Also Read: JUICE probe clicks photo of hot plasma in radiation belts around Earth "It's similar to a sandwich where the slices of bread are forced to bulge out when there's too much filling in the middle," he added. Since the OPAL programme started 10 years ago, the team has been watching the GRS shrink and has predicted that it will continue shrinking before it takes a stable, less-elongated, shape. "Right now it's over-filling its latitude band relative to the wind field. Once it shrinks inside that band, the winds will really be holding it in place," Simon said. According to the team, the GRS will most probably get stabilised in size. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Hubble telescope captures Jupiter's Great Red Spot shake 'bowl of gelatin'

<p>The admired Hubble Space Telescope, which has revolutionised astronomical discovery since its launch in 1990, will ease into retirement with a scaled-back observing program, NASA officials said on Tuesday (June 4).</p>

<p>One of the three gyroscopes that manages the direction in which the telescope points has become unstable in recent months, leading to intermittent "safe mode" episodes.</p>

<p>"After carrying out a series of tests and carefully considering our options, we have decided that we will transition Hubble to operate using only one of its three remaining gyros," said NASA's Mark Clampin, director of the astrophysics division.</p>

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<p>While, the other gyro will be kept powered up in reserve for potential future use.</p>

<p>The transition, which is expected to be completed by mid-June, will reduce Hubble's efficiency at carrying out science observations by 12 per cent, dropping from 85 orbits a week to 74, informed Patrick Crouse, project manager for the Hubble Space Telescope mission.</p>

<p>The telescope can still observe the entire night sky throughout the year; it can no longer follow objects closer than Mars. These close-up observations were uncommon anyway, according to Crouse.</p>

<p>As per NASA’s calculations, there is a greater than 70 per cent chance of operating with this configuration through 2035.&nbsp;</p>

<p>At the end of the telescope's life, NASA plans to safely de-orbit or otherwise dispose of the popular science instrument.</p>

<p>"We do not see Hubble as being on its last legs, we do think it's a very capable observatory, (poised) to do exciting science with other observatories in orbit and those that will join us in orbit," said Crouse.</p>

<p>The telescope was launched in 1990 and operates about 320 miles (515 kilometers) above Earth, it was named after astronomer Edwin Hubble.</p>

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<p>Between 1993 and 2009 astronauts visited Hubble five times on repair missions.</p>

<p>NASA and SpaceX earlier said they were studying a probable mission that would re-boost Hubble's orbit, which slowly decays over time due to Earth's gravitational pull, and part of that review also considered ways to alleviate against the loss of gyros.</p>

<p>However, Clampin downplayed the idea of adding external gyroscopes, calling them "vague concepts" that were never genuinely explored.</p>

<p>Hubble continues to make significant discoveries, including in 2022 when it detected the farthest individual star ever seen -- Earendel, whose light took 12.9 billion years to reach us.<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
Clampin said despite its waning capacity, Hubble keeps performing a "breadth of great science," from exploring objects in our solar system to investigating early galaxies to collaborating with the newer James Webb Space Telescope to investigate the atmospheres of exoplanets.</p>

<p>While Webb, now the main space telescope, stands out in infrared discovery, Hubble's expertise in visible light creates a complementary capability, allowing them to work together and significantly.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The admired Hubble Space Telescope, which has revolutionised astronomical discovery since its launch in 1990, will ease into retirement with a scaled-back observing program, NASA officials said on Tuesday (June 4).

The admired Hubble Space Telescope, which has revolutionised astronomical discovery since its launch in 1990, will ease into retirement with a scaled-back observing program, NASA officials said on Tuesday (June 4). One of the three gyroscopes that manages the direction in which the telescope points has become unstable in recent months, leading to intermittent "safe mode" episodes. "After carrying out a series of tests and carefully considering our options, we have decided that we will transition Hubble to operate using only one of its three remaining gyros," said NASA's Mark Clampin, director of the astrophysics division. Also read: Planetary parade: Astrophotographer snaps 'out of this world' six-planet line-up While, the other gyro will be kept powered up in reserve for potential future use. The transition, which is expected to be completed by mid-June, will reduce Hubble's efficiency at carrying out science observations by 12 per cent, dropping from 85 orbits a week to 74, informed Patrick Crouse, project manager for the Hubble Space Telescope mission. The telescope can still observe the entire night sky throughout the year; it can no longer follow objects closer than Mars. These close-up observations were uncommon anyway, according to Crouse. As per NASA’s calculations, there is a greater than 70 per cent chance of operating with this configuration through 2035. At the end of the telescope's life, NASA plans to safely de-orbit or otherwise dispose of the popular science instrument. "We do not see Hubble as being on its last legs, we do think it's a very capable observatory, (poised) to do exciting science with other observatories in orbit and those that will join us in orbit," said Crouse. The telescope was launched in 1990 and operates about 320 miles (515 kilometers) above Earth, it was named after astronomer Edwin Hubble. Also read: Study finds new male birth control gel safe and effective; reveal promising trial results Between 1993 and 2009 astronauts visited Hubble five times on repair missions. NASA and SpaceX earlier said they were studying a probable mission that would re-boost Hubble's orbit, which slowly decays over time due to Earth's gravitational pull, and part of that review also considered ways to alleviate against the loss of gyros. However, Clampin downplayed the idea of adding external gyroscopes, calling them "vague concepts" that were never genuinely explored. Hubble continues to make significant discoveries, including in 2022 when it detected the farthest individual star ever seen -- Earendel, whose light took 12.9 billion years to reach us. Clampin said despite its waning capacity, Hubble keeps performing a "breadth of great science," from exploring objects in our solar system to investigating early galaxies to collaborating with the newer James Webb Space Telescope to investigate the atmospheres of exoplanets. While Webb, now the main space telescope, stands out in infrared discovery, Hubble's expertise in visible light creates a complementary capability, allowing them to work together and significantly. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble Space Telescope faces a hiccup, but to stay in service for 'years to come'

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<p>A glistening triple-star system was captured by NASA's&nbsp;Hubble Space Telescope in space, in what can be termed a rare discovery.</p>

<p>In the image, the triple-star system - consisting of HP Tau, HP Tau G2, and HP Tau G3 - can be seen shining in the dark space.</p>

<p>The stars present in the system are young. HP Tau is so young that it has not begun to fuse hydrogen and is only 10 million years old.</p>

<p>The system was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope&nbsp;in 1990 and since then, the scientists' understanding of the Universe has been revolutionised.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This latest image gave the scientists an example of a reflection nebula, which is located 550 light-years away in Taurus.</p>

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<p>Such types of nebula are filled with interstellar dust which reflects light from nearby stars and are not like emission nebula which glow on their own.</p>

<p>The nebula has a characteristic blue hue because of the dust's reflective properties. In the image, one can see how the young stars have carved out a cavity&nbsp;in the nebula.</p>

<h2><strong>All about the triple-star&nbsp;system</strong></h2>

<p>At the centre of this triple-star&nbsp;system were HP Tau, HP Tau G2 and HP Tau G3, which were young hot stars.&nbsp;</p>

<p>HP Tau is a variable star, which is called a T Tau star. These types of stars are less than 10 million years old and have been named after the first kind of such star discovered in Taurus.</p>

<p>The stars are usually identified by studying their optical variability and strong lines in their spectra from the chromosphere. Generally, these stars are found surrounded by a cloud of gas and dust, out of which they are formed.&nbsp;</p>

<p>HP Tau emits different amounts of light at various time stamps, however, this star generally faces regular and random fluctuations.</p>

<p>Scientists are still trying to understand random variations but&nbsp;it is possible that the stars are&nbsp;young which may be triggering slightly chaotic processes.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;What are NASA's plans to lay down railway tracks on the Moon?</strong></p>

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<p>The material from an accretion disk is suspected to dump material onto the star which may be causing it to flare.</p>

<p>Interestingly, when the Hubble Space Telescope captured this nebula, the light which was emitted and had travelled for 550 years, entered the telescope's optics.</p>

<p>Hubble started capturing HP Tau while investigating the protoplanetary disks. These disks are found in many young hot stars and the scientists feel they are the progenitors to planetary systems around stars.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


A glistening triple-star system was captured by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope in space, in what can be termed a rare discovery. In the image, the triple-star system - consisting of HP Tau, HP Tau G2, and HP Tau G3 - can be seen shining in the dark space.

A glistening triple-star system was captured by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope in space, in what can be termed a rare discovery. In the image, the triple-star system - consisting of HP Tau, HP Tau G2, and HP Tau G3 - can be seen shining in the dark space. The stars present in the system are young. HP Tau is so young that it has not begun to fuse hydrogen and is only 10 million years old. The system was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990 and since then, the scientists' understanding of the Universe has been revolutionised. This latest image gave the scientists an example of a reflection nebula, which is located 550 light-years away in Taurus. Also Read: Jupiter's fifth moon spotted by NASA's Juno spacecraft; Here's why it's mysterious Such types of nebula are filled with interstellar dust which reflects light from nearby stars and are not like emission nebula which glow on their own. The nebula has a characteristic blue hue because of the dust's reflective properties. In the image, one can see how the young stars have carved out a cavity in the nebula. All about the triple-star system At the centre of this triple-star system were HP Tau, HP Tau G2 and HP Tau G3, which were young hot stars. HP Tau is a variable star, which is called a T Tau star. These types of stars are less than 10 million years old and have been named after the first kind of such star discovered in Taurus. The stars are usually identified by studying their optical variability and strong lines in their spectra from the chromosphere. Generally, these stars are found surrounded by a cloud of gas and dust, out of which they are formed. HP Tau emits different amounts of light at various time stamps, however, this star generally faces regular and random fluctuations. Scientists are still trying to understand random variations but it is possible that the stars are young which may be triggering slightly chaotic processes. Watch: What are NASA's plans to lay down railway tracks on the Moon? The material from an accretion disk is suspected to dump material onto the star which may be causing it to flare. Interestingly, when the Hubble Space Telescope captured this nebula, the light which was emitted and had travelled for 550 years, entered the telescope's optics. Hubble started capturing HP Tau while investigating the protoplanetary disks. These disks are found in many young hot stars and the scientists feel they are the progenitors to planetary systems around stars. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA’s Hubble telescope captures rare, glittering triple-star system. Here’s what it is

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<p>The legendary Hubble Space Telescope, known for producing stunning images of the cosmos, has completed 34 years in orbit.</p>

<p>Hubble Space Telescope has helped scientists prove that our universe is 13.7 billion years old and that many galaxies host humongous black holes at their centres.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The spaceborne eye also helped scientists map the mysterious substance dark matter in 3D. NASA's Hubble Mission team stated, "Most of Hubble's discoveries were not anticipated&nbsp;before launch. The space telescope is the most scientifically productive space astrophysics mission in NASA history. The demand for using Hubble is so high it is&nbsp;currently&nbsp; oversubscribed by a factor of six-to-one."</p>

<p>On the 34th anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers revealed a fresh picture of the Dumbbell Nebula or M76, Space.com reported. It is a two-lobed, expanding shell of gas shed by a dying star at the centre.&nbsp;</p>

<p>M76 resembles "a balloon&nbsp;that's been&nbsp;pinched around a middle waist." It's located 3,400 light-years from Earth in the constellation Perseus. Moreover, a glowing ring of gas and dust ejected by the central star when it runs out of fuel borders it.</p>

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<p>The star's temperature exceeds 130,000 degrees Celsius (250,000 degrees Fahrenheit), making it one of the hottest known stellar remnants. It is roughly 24 times the temperature of our Sun's surface.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Hubble image shows the outer layers form a dumbbell-shaped ring around the star, which hosts a myriad of dense knots of gas and dust ranging from 17 billion kilometres to 56 billion kilometres. Each knot has as much mass as three whole Earths.</p>

<p>While there's a chance that the binary star might have shaped the ring, the companion star isn't visible in the Hubble images. A theory by NASA suggests that the central star might've consumed the shredded invisible star.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, despite being classified as a "planetary nebula," the M76 has no association with any known planets.</p>

<p>The Hubble Space Telescope is right above Earth's atmosphere, orbiting our planet roughly 320 miles (515 km) above the ground. However, NASA has boosted the telescope into slightly higher orbits several times to keep it from gradually being dragged into the Earth's atmosphere.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to NASA, the telescope will operate until at least the late 2020s. The agency plans to attach a propulsion module to the telescope, enabling a controlled re-entry into the Pacific Ocean or elevate it into a higher orbit to keep it above during the next decade.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The legendary Hubble Space Telescope, known for producing stunning images of the cosmos, has completed 34 years in orbit. Hubble Space Telescope has helped scientists prove that our universe is 13.

The legendary Hubble Space Telescope, known for producing stunning images of the cosmos, has completed 34 years in orbit. Hubble Space Telescope has helped scientists prove that our universe is 13.7 billion years old and that many galaxies host humongous black holes at their centres. The spaceborne eye also helped scientists map the mysterious substance dark matter in 3D. NASA's Hubble Mission team stated, "Most of Hubble's discoveries were not anticipated before launch. The space telescope is the most scientifically productive space astrophysics mission in NASA history. The demand for using Hubble is so high it is currently oversubscribed by a factor of six-to-one." On the 34th anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers revealed a fresh picture of the Dumbbell Nebula or M76, Space.com reported. It is a two-lobed, expanding shell of gas shed by a dying star at the centre. M76 resembles "a balloon that's been pinched around a middle waist." It's located 3,400 light-years from Earth in the constellation Perseus. Moreover, a glowing ring of gas and dust ejected by the central star when it runs out of fuel borders it. ALSO READ | 'Vampire facials' lead to women catching HIV; CDC reports cases of transmission via cosmetic procedures The star's temperature exceeds 130,000 degrees Celsius (250,000 degrees Fahrenheit), making it one of the hottest known stellar remnants. It is roughly 24 times the temperature of our Sun's surface. The Hubble image shows the outer layers form a dumbbell-shaped ring around the star, which hosts a myriad of dense knots of gas and dust ranging from 17 billion kilometres to 56 billion kilometres. Each knot has as much mass as three whole Earths. While there's a chance that the binary star might have shaped the ring, the companion star isn't visible in the Hubble images. A theory by NASA suggests that the central star might've consumed the shredded invisible star. However, despite being classified as a "planetary nebula," the M76 has no association with any known planets. The Hubble Space Telescope is right above Earth's atmosphere, orbiting our planet roughly 320 miles (515 km) above the ground. However, NASA has boosted the telescope into slightly higher orbits several times to keep it from gradually being dragged into the Earth's atmosphere. According to NASA, the telescope will operate until at least the late 2020s. The agency plans to attach a propulsion module to the telescope, enabling a controlled re-entry into the Pacific Ocean or elevate it into a higher orbit to keep it above during the next decade. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA marks 34th anniversary of Hubble Space Telescope by unveiling stunning images of Dumbbell Nebula

<p>The American space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of a galaxy called IC 4633, taken by the NASA-European Space Agency (ESA) Hubble Space Telescope, which is located around 100 million light-years away from us in the constellation Apus. A part of this galaxy had been hidden due to “a stretch of dark dust,” said the ESA.</p>

<h2><strong>About the IC 4633</strong></h2>

<p>The galaxy is spiral-shaped, rich in star-forming activity, and also hosts an active galactic nucleus at its core, said the ESA, in a statement. &nbsp;</p>

<p>If seen from our point of view, it would appear that the galaxy is “tilted mostly towards us” which allows astronomers to see its billions of stars, it added.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>However, the space agencies cannot fully view the galaxy and its features – at least in visible light – as it is partially covered by a dark dust cloud.&nbsp;</p>

<p><img alt="1" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b49cccc1-8052-4f00-b64c-e23eb15e6633" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/WION%20IMAGES%21%20-%202024-04-16T003656.997.png" /></p>

<h5><em><strong>(Photo credit:&nbsp;ESA/Hubble &amp; NASA, J. Dalcanton, Dark Energy Survey/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA; Acknowledgement: L. Shatz)</strong></em></h5>

<p>The cloud in question overlaps IC 4633 and is a part of the Chamaeleon star-forming region which is some 500 light-years from us.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Notably, this region, which is in a nearby part of our Milky Way galaxy, occupies a large area of the southern sky.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>'Treasury of young stars'</strong></h2>

<p>The European Space Agency also noted that the cloud has been well-studied for its “treasury of young stars, particularly the cloud Cha I, which has been photographed by both Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to the ESA, the cloud which overlaps the galaxy lies east of the well-known Cha I, II, and III, and is also known as MW9 and the South Celestial Serpent, which has been classified as an integrated flux nebula (IFN).&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/experts-believe-rare-lunar-event-may-be-linked-to-stonehenges-alignment-711657">Experts believe rare lunar event may be linked to Stonehenge's alignment</a></strong></p>

<p>IFN, according to space agencies, is a “cloud of gas and dust in the Milky Way galaxy that’s not near to any single star and is only faintly lit by the total light of all the galaxy’s stars”.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It also described the South Celestial Serpent as a “vast, narrow trail of faint gas that snakes over the southern celestial pole and is much more subdued looking than its neighbours,” adding that Hubble has no problem in identifying the IFN. However, the image only captures a tiny part of it.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The American space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of a galaxy called IC 4633, taken by the NASA-European Space Agency (ESA) Hubble Space Telescope, which is located around 100 million light-years away from us in the constellation Apus.

The American space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) released an image of a galaxy called IC 4633, taken by the NASA-European Space Agency (ESA) Hubble Space Telescope, which is located around 100 million light-years away from us in the constellation Apus. A part of this galaxy had been hidden due to “a stretch of dark dust,” said the ESA. About the IC 4633 The galaxy is spiral-shaped, rich in star-forming activity, and also hosts an active galactic nucleus at its core, said the ESA, in a statement. If seen from our point of view, it would appear that the galaxy is “tilted mostly towards us” which allows astronomers to see its billions of stars, it added. Also Read | Sleep triggers built-in garbage disposal system in our brains, startling study shows However, the space agencies cannot fully view the galaxy and its features – at least in visible light – as it is partially covered by a dark dust cloud. (Photo credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, J. Dalcanton, Dark Energy Survey/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA; Acknowledgement: L. Shatz) The cloud in question overlaps IC 4633 and is a part of the Chamaeleon star-forming region which is some 500 light-years from us. Notably, this region, which is in a nearby part of our Milky Way galaxy, occupies a large area of the southern sky. 'Treasury of young stars' The European Space Agency also noted that the cloud has been well-studied for its “treasury of young stars, particularly the cloud Cha I, which has been photographed by both Hubble and the James Webb Space Telescope. According to the ESA, the cloud which overlaps the galaxy lies east of the well-known Cha I, II, and III, and is also known as MW9 and the South Celestial Serpent, which has been classified as an integrated flux nebula (IFN). Also Read | Experts believe rare lunar event may be linked to Stonehenge's alignment IFN, according to space agencies, is a “cloud of gas and dust in the Milky Way galaxy that’s not near to any single star and is only faintly lit by the total light of all the galaxy’s stars”. It also described the South Celestial Serpent as a “vast, narrow trail of faint gas that snakes over the southern celestial pole and is much more subdued looking than its neighbours,” adding that Hubble has no problem in identifying the IFN. However, the image only captures a tiny part of it. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble telescope spots ‘hidden’ galaxy with billions of stars, ‘mostly tilted towards us’

<p>NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has once again turned its gaze towards Jupiter. This time the telescope,&nbsp;in a captivating display of celestial choreography has captured the breathtaking images of the gas giant's tumultuous storms.&nbsp;</p>

<p>These latest snapshots, taken on January 5-6, 2024, show Jupiter in its full splendor, offering a rare glimpse into the intricate dance of storms and atmospheric dynamics that define this enigmatic world.</p>

<p>Notably, under the Outer Planet Atmospheres Legacy program (OPAL), Hubble diligently monitors Jupiter and other solar system planets. These massive celestial bodies have ever-shifting weather patterns.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/neurological-disorders-skyrocketing-globally-study-reveals-shocking-data-700379">Neurological disorders skyrocketing globally, study reveals shocking data</a></p>

<p>In one striking image from the telescope, the iconic Great Red Spot commands attention. Adjacent to it lies the enigmatic "Red Spot Jr," a smaller yet equally intriguing anticyclone whose reddish hue hints at a complex interplay of chemical compounds swirling within Jupiter's atmosphere.</p>

<p>Further north, another crimson vortex adds to the spectacle and offers clues about the planet's atmosphere.</p>

<p>"The many large storms and small white clouds are a hallmark of a lot of activity going on in Jupiter's atmosphere right now," said Amy Simon, OPAL project lead at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-debate-over-origin-of-alien-debris-after-startling-claim-700181">Scientists debate over origin of 'alien' debris after startling claim</a></p>

<p>Meanwhile, in the opposite hemisphere, a pair of storms&nbsp;and their rotations create a mesmerising interplay of high and low pressure systems.</p>

<p>This celestial ballet, along with swirling cyclones and anticyclones show&nbsp;the nature of Jupiter's violent winds which cover&nbsp;the landscape on a grand scale.</p>

<section>
<p><strong>Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chile-wildfire-fire-ravages-hillside-in-chiles-valparaiso-700398">Chile Wildfire: Fire ravages hillside in Chile's Valparaiso</a></strong></p>

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<p>The innermost Galilean moon, Io, was also seen in the picture as a volcanic hotspot, its surface bearing witness to the relentless forces at play within the Jovian system. Hubble's keen eye captured the moon's volcanic activity in detail.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Hubble resolves volcanic outflow deposits on the surface. Hubble's sensitivity to blue and violet wavelengths clearly reveals interesting surface features. In 1979 NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft discovered Io's pizza-like appearance and volcanism, to the surprise of planetary scientists because it is such a small moon. Hubble picked up where Voyager left off by keeping an eye on restless Io year by year," NASA said in a statement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Through international collaboration between NASA and ESA, Hubble remains at the forefront of scientific discovery, inspiring awe and wonder with each new revelation.</p>
</section>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has once again turned its gaze towards Jupiter. This time the telescope, in a captivating display of celestial choreography has captured the breathtaking images of the gas giant's tumultuous storms.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has once again turned its gaze towards Jupiter. This time the telescope, in a captivating display of celestial choreography has captured the breathtaking images of the gas giant's tumultuous storms. These latest snapshots, taken on January 5-6, 2024, show Jupiter in its full splendor, offering a rare glimpse into the intricate dance of storms and atmospheric dynamics that define this enigmatic world. Notably, under the Outer Planet Atmospheres Legacy program (OPAL), Hubble diligently monitors Jupiter and other solar system planets. These massive celestial bodies have ever-shifting weather patterns. Also Read | Neurological disorders skyrocketing globally, study reveals shocking data In one striking image from the telescope, the iconic Great Red Spot commands attention. Adjacent to it lies the enigmatic "Red Spot Jr," a smaller yet equally intriguing anticyclone whose reddish hue hints at a complex interplay of chemical compounds swirling within Jupiter's atmosphere. Further north, another crimson vortex adds to the spectacle and offers clues about the planet's atmosphere. "The many large storms and small white clouds are a hallmark of a lot of activity going on in Jupiter's atmosphere right now," said Amy Simon, OPAL project lead at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland. Also Read | Scientists debate over origin of 'alien' debris after startling claim Meanwhile, in the opposite hemisphere, a pair of storms and their rotations create a mesmerising interplay of high and low pressure systems. This celestial ballet, along with swirling cyclones and anticyclones show the nature of Jupiter's violent winds which cover the landscape on a grand scale. Watch | Chile Wildfire: Fire ravages hillside in Chile's Valparaiso × The innermost Galilean moon, Io, was also seen in the picture as a volcanic hotspot, its surface bearing witness to the relentless forces at play within the Jovian system. Hubble's keen eye captured the moon's volcanic activity in detail. "Hubble resolves volcanic outflow deposits on the surface. Hubble's sensitivity to blue and violet wavelengths clearly reveals interesting surface features. In 1979 NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft discovered Io's pizza-like appearance and volcanism, to the surprise of planetary scientists because it is such a small moon. Hubble picked up where Voyager left off by keeping an eye on restless Io year by year," NASA said in a statement. Through international collaboration between NASA and ESA, Hubble remains at the forefront of scientific discovery, inspiring awe and wonder with each new revelation. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble's latest spectacle! Captivating images of Jupiter's storms revealed...

<p>Recently, NASA’s Hubble Telescope captured an image of a huge “bridge of stars” between two evolving galaxies 250,000 light-year-away from Earth. The image was shared by NASA on January 26 and shows two humungous galaxies growing into each other.</p>

<p>These two galaxies are named&nbsp;Arp 295a and 295c, which are part of a loose galactic grouping called Arp 295. This group is located 270 million light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Aquarius.</p>

<p>As per scientists, this cosmic space could become our new galactic home after the collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies in 4 billion years.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/scientists-fear-for-penguins-in-antarctic-as-one-dies-of-deadly-h5n1-bird-flu-strain-685088">Scientists fear for penguins in Antarctica as one dies of deadly H5N1 bird flu strain</a></p>

<p>Check out the full image here.&nbsp;</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Curious about how galaxies evolve and grow? Sometimes galaxies collide, and if they don’t have enough momentum to move past each other, they can merge into a single larger galaxy. Learn more: <a href="https://t.co/zWmDE3PW4J">https://t.co/zWmDE3PW4J</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/CosmicCollisions?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#CosmicCollisions</a> <a href="https://t.co/HDF4X8upiW">pic.twitter.com/HDF4X8upiW</a></p>
— NASA Universe (@NASAUniverse) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAUniverse/status/1750964834819035471?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 26, 2024</a></blockquote>
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<h2><strong>Two huge evolving galaxies merge into one huge cosmic space</strong></h2>

<p>The hugely gorgeous stream of stars seen in the image between the two galaxies was created when two galaxies tried to merge towards each other with the gravitational interaction that ensues, drawing out gas, dust and stars.</p>

<p>When galaxies come close to each other so much that the strong gravitational pull between the two starts distorting their shapes, then they are known as interacting galaxies.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/elon-musks-neuralink-installs-wireless-brain-chip-for-first-time-in-human-685001">Elon Musk announces first brain implant in a human patient by Neuralink</a></p>

<p>As per Space.com, this galactic interplay of galaxies approaching each other can last for billions of years as they loop around each other, making multiple close passages. Eventually, these close passages between interacting galaxies can result in the collision and merging of galaxies.</p>

<p>This interaction of galaxies tends to change their shape permanently, wiping out features such as spiral arms and creating a more homogenous, shapeless, irregular galaxy- which then looks like a stream of stars. The merger also causes an influx of gas into the resultant galaxy, which causes a bout of intense star formation called a starburst, as collapsing clouds of gas and dust are the building blocks of new stars.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/james-webb-captures-19-spiral-galaxies-offering-a-peek-into-galactic-activities-see-photos-684955">Hot blue stars, giant pinwheels, massive voids: James Webb captures 19 spiral galaxies. See photos</a></p>

<p>As the merger continues, the two supermassive black holes with masses millions or billions of times that of the&nbsp;sun at the heart of the colliding galaxies head towards the centre of the newly created galaxies.&nbsp;</p>

<p>As per these observations of merging galaxies, astronomers have hinted towards the fatal fate of the Milky Way and its neighbouring, Andromeda.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Recently, NASA’s Hubble Telescope captured an image of a huge “bridge of stars” between two evolving galaxies 250,000 light-year-away from Earth. The image was shared by NASA on January 26 and shows two humungous galaxies growing into each other.

Recently, NASA’s Hubble Telescope captured an image of a huge “bridge of stars” between two evolving galaxies 250,000 light-year-away from Earth. The image was shared by NASA on January 26 and shows two humungous galaxies growing into each other. These two galaxies are named Arp 295a and 295c, which are part of a loose galactic grouping called Arp 295. This group is located 270 million light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Aquarius. As per scientists, this cosmic space could become our new galactic home after the collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies in 4 billion years. Also Read | Scientists fear for penguins in Antarctica as one dies of deadly H5N1 bird flu strain Check out the full image here. Curious about how galaxies evolve and grow? Sometimes galaxies collide, and if they don’t have enough momentum to move past each other, they can merge into a single larger galaxy. Learn more: https://t.co/zWmDE3PW4J #CosmicCollisions pic.twitter.com/HDF4X8upiW — NASA Universe (@NASAUniverse) January 26, 2024 × Two huge evolving galaxies merge into one huge cosmic space The hugely gorgeous stream of stars seen in the image between the two galaxies was created when two galaxies tried to merge towards each other with the gravitational interaction that ensues, drawing out gas, dust and stars. When galaxies come close to each other so much that the strong gravitational pull between the two starts distorting their shapes, then they are known as interacting galaxies. Also Read | Elon Musk announces first brain implant in a human patient by Neuralink As per Space.com, this galactic interplay of galaxies approaching each other can last for billions of years as they loop around each other, making multiple close passages. Eventually, these close passages between interacting galaxies can result in the collision and merging of galaxies. This interaction of galaxies tends to change their shape permanently, wiping out features such as spiral arms and creating a more homogenous, shapeless, irregular galaxy- which then looks like a stream of stars. The merger also causes an influx of gas into the resultant galaxy, which causes a bout of intense star formation called a starburst, as collapsing clouds of gas and dust are the building blocks of new stars. Also Read | Hot blue stars, giant pinwheels, massive voids: James Webb captures 19 spiral galaxies. See photos As the merger continues, the two supermassive black holes with masses millions or billions of times that of the sun at the heart of the colliding galaxies head towards the centre of the newly created galaxies. As per these observations of merging galaxies, astronomers have hinted towards the fatal fate of the Milky Way and its neighbouring, Andromeda. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble Telescope captures massive ‘bridge of stars’ between two merging galaxies that could be our new home

<p>The mother of all collisions for Earth has (till now) been the asteroid that struck millions of years ago bringing the age of the dinosaurs to an end. Let's hope that remains the only planet-scale collision our homeworld has ever had the ill-fate to suffer. But Universe is filled with celestial bodies hundreds of times bigger than Earth. And when you consider galactic collisions, the scale is mind-boggling.</p>

<p>NASA and the European Space Agency's (ESA) Hubble Space Telescope has captured one such collision or merger of two galaxies each of which contains milliions and millions of stars and planets.</p>

<p>On Monday (January 8), the ESA posted the image on its official handle on X (formerly Twitter).&nbsp;</p>

<p>The image shows 'Arp 122'. It's a galaxy that contains two galaxies that are in the process of merging. In the upper part of this merger, is the galaxy NGC 6040. It is a spiral galaxy that's currently being warped due to the merger. Immediately below it, we have LEDA 59642, another spiral galaxy that's visible in 'face-on' position.</p>

<p>Both the galaxies are colliding</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">📷 This NASA/ESA <a href="https://twitter.com/HUBBLE_space?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@HUBBLE_space</a> Telescope image features Arp 122, a peculiar galaxy that in fact comprises two galaxies — NGC 6040, the tilted, warped spiral galaxy and LEDA 59642, the round, face-on spiral — that are in the midst of a collision.<br />
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Galactic collisions and mergers… <a href="https://t.co/riQOmPKb4r">pic.twitter.com/riQOmPKb4r</a></p>
— ESA (@esa) <a href="https://twitter.com/esa/status/1744279587738042615?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 8, 2024</a></blockquote>
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<p>Due to their immense size, it takes years and years for such mergers to complete. We are talking about millions and millions of years. This is because, galaxies have so many stars planets, gas and dust that to neatly accommodate it with millions of stars, planets, gas and dust of the other galaxy, it requires time. And truly huge distances in space make galactic merger a really slow and long-drawn process.</p>

<p>Our Milky Way Galaxy will merge with its neighbour Andromeda galaxy. When they merge, both galaxies will lose their spiral shape and the resultant galaxy will not have the beautiful spiral arms we associate with Milky Way Galaxy.</p>

<p>But 4 billion years are to pass before both galaxies will even begin to merge. And complete merger will takes hundreds of millions of years more.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The mother of all collisions for Earth has (till now) been the asteroid that struck millions of years ago bringing the age of the dinosaurs to an end. Let's hope that remains the only planet-scale collision our homeworld has ever had the ill-fate to suffer.

The mother of all collisions for Earth has (till now) been the asteroid that struck millions of years ago bringing the age of the dinosaurs to an end. Let's hope that remains the only planet-scale collision our homeworld has ever had the ill-fate to suffer. But Universe is filled with celestial bodies hundreds of times bigger than Earth. And when you consider galactic collisions, the scale is mind-boggling. NASA and the European Space Agency's (ESA) Hubble Space Telescope has captured one such collision or merger of two galaxies each of which contains milliions and millions of stars and planets. On Monday (January 8), the ESA posted the image on its official handle on X (formerly Twitter). The image shows 'Arp 122'. It's a galaxy that contains two galaxies that are in the process of merging. In the upper part of this merger, is the galaxy NGC 6040. It is a spiral galaxy that's currently being warped due to the merger. Immediately below it, we have LEDA 59642, another spiral galaxy that's visible in 'face-on' position. Both the galaxies are colliding 📷 This NASA/ESA @HUBBLE_space Telescope image features Arp 122, a peculiar galaxy that in fact comprises two galaxies — NGC 6040, the tilted, warped spiral galaxy and LEDA 59642, the round, face-on spiral — that are in the midst of a collision. Galactic collisions and mergers… pic.twitter.com/riQOmPKb4r — ESA (@esa) January 8, 2024 × Due to their immense size, it takes years and years for such mergers to complete. We are talking about millions and millions of years. This is because, galaxies have so many stars planets, gas and dust that to neatly accommodate it with millions of stars, planets, gas and dust of the other galaxy, it requires time. And truly huge distances in space make galactic merger a really slow and long-drawn process. Our Milky Way Galaxy will merge with its neighbour Andromeda galaxy. When they merge, both galaxies will lose their spiral shape and the resultant galaxy will not have the beautiful spiral arms we associate with Milky Way Galaxy. But 4 billion years are to pass before both galaxies will even begin to merge. And complete merger will takes hundreds of millions of years more. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Hubble Telescope captures a spectacular galactic collision

<p>NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance.<br />
<br />
The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet.<br />
<br />
When the image of the thick white inner band on the rings of Saturn was looked at carefully, shadowy appearances were seen which looked like dirty fingerprints.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-finds-energy-source-and-molecule-at-saturns-moon-enceladus-670221">NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus</a></p>

<p>These were said to be mysterious ring spokes around Saturn, nearly the size of Earth, which appeared to rotate along with the rings. However, scientists still need to discover what they are.</p>

<h2><strong>Spokes appear only in two or three rotations</strong></h2>

<p>The spokes remain visible only in two or three rotations around the planet after which they disappear. This means that capturing them has been a difficult task historically.<br />
<br />
Scientists had first spotted them in 1981 by Voyager 2 and it was again seen numerous times in the Cassini mission, which was orbiting around the planet from 2004 to 2017.<br />
<br />
Currently, Hubble has been observing this unusual feature under the Outer Planets Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) programme which keeps on monitoring the weather on the gas giants of the solar system.<br />
<br />
"The leading theory is that spokes are tied to Saturn's powerful magnetic field, with some sort of solar interaction with the magnetic field that gives you the spokes," said OPAL program lead scientist Amy Simon of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, in a statement.<br />
<br />
In the past images captured by the Hubble telescope, the spokes appeared seasonally and each season lasted for nearly seven years on Saturn.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Discovery of six-planet solar system amazes astronomers&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p>"We are heading towards Saturn equinox, when we'd expect maximum spoke activity, with higher frequency and darker spokes appearing over the next few years," Simon said.<br />
<br />
This is because the tilt of Saturn at the equinox orients the planet as well as its rings in a way that solar winds are able to collide with the magnetic field of the planet more forcefully, which results in more pronounced spokes.<br />
<br />
Scientists have been hoping that continued observation of Saturn and its rings by the Hubble telescope will help in understanding the mystery of the spokes.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance. The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance. The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet. When the image of the thick white inner band on the rings of Saturn was looked at carefully, shadowy appearances were seen which looked like dirty fingerprints. Also read: NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus These were said to be mysterious ring spokes around Saturn, nearly the size of Earth, which appeared to rotate along with the rings. However, scientists still need to discover what they are. Spokes appear only in two or three rotations The spokes remain visible only in two or three rotations around the planet after which they disappear. This means that capturing them has been a difficult task historically. Scientists had first spotted them in 1981 by Voyager 2 and it was again seen numerous times in the Cassini mission, which was orbiting around the planet from 2004 to 2017. Currently, Hubble has been observing this unusual feature under the Outer Planets Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) programme which keeps on monitoring the weather on the gas giants of the solar system. "The leading theory is that spokes are tied to Saturn's powerful magnetic field, with some sort of solar interaction with the magnetic field that gives you the spokes," said OPAL program lead scientist Amy Simon of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, in a statement. In the past images captured by the Hubble telescope, the spokes appeared seasonally and each season lasted for nearly seven years on Saturn. Watch: Discovery of six-planet solar system amazes astronomers "We are heading towards Saturn equinox, when we'd expect maximum spoke activity, with higher frequency and darker spokes appearing over the next few years," Simon said. This is because the tilt of Saturn at the equinox orients the planet as well as its rings in a way that solar winds are able to collide with the magnetic field of the planet more forcefully, which results in more pronounced spokes. Scientists have been hoping that continued observation of Saturn and its rings by the Hubble telescope will help in understanding the mystery of the spokes. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Hubble telescope captures mysterious spokes on rings of Saturn

<p>The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably&nbsp;humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.'&nbsp;It is equipped with the&nbsp;tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach.</p>

<p>The James Webb, however, in no way diminishes importance and significance of good old Hubble Space Telescope which has loyally been bringing us space photos since early 90s.</p>

<p>Hubble Space Telescope is up and running again. It had experienced a glitch and went into 'safe mode' on November 19. But NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble has started doing what it has been doing best, focus its lenses at distant corners of the universe and bring us more insights.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China</strong></p>

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<p>The telescope went in safe mode last month after one of its gyros failed. The gyros are important pieces of machinery since they are part of the telescope's aiming and guidance system. Their function also helps Fine Guidance Sensors and Reaction Wheels.</p>

<p>NASA engineers quickly made repairs the next day but it failed again. As a result, operations of the space telescope stopped on November 21.</p>

<p><strong>Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-beginning-of-an-end-human-activity-on-moon-shows-sign-of-lunar-anthropocene-669613">Explained | Beginning of an end? Human activity on moon shows sign of 'Lunar Anthropocene'</a></strong></p>

<p>A repair was made to it, but a failure was again observed on November 23. The operations were then suspended till December 8.</p>

<p>But now, NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble Space Telescope started working again less than a week ago.</p>

<h2><strong>The Hubble legacy</strong></h2>

<p>Hubble Space Telescope, when it was launched in the 90s, was a huge leap in space exploration and study as humanity, for the first time the world had an actual telescope in space which was able to bypass problems faced by earth-based telescopes. Although we can observe the cosmos from Earth, the problems introduced by factors such as Earth's atmosphere and more, put constraints on our&nbsp;stargazing.</p>

<p><strong>Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-causes-solar-storms-how-they-affect-earth-and-related-phenomenon-669635">Explained | What causes solar storms, how they affect Earth and related phenomenon</a></strong></p>

<p>Hubble in that respect has been invaluable. However, it has suffered numerous technical snafus over the years needing more than frequent repairs. Astronauts have also had to be sent to make&nbsp;some of these repairs manually. Nonetheless,&nbsp;Hubble Space Telescope remains an iconic symbol of human scientific achievement and a topic of sweet nostalgia.</p>


The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.' It is equipped with the tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach.

The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.' It is equipped with the tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach. The James Webb, however, in no way diminishes importance and significance of good old Hubble Space Telescope which has loyally been bringing us space photos since early 90s. Hubble Space Telescope is up and running again. It had experienced a glitch and went into 'safe mode' on November 19. But NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble has started doing what it has been doing best, focus its lenses at distant corners of the universe and bring us more insights. Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China × The telescope went in safe mode last month after one of its gyros failed. The gyros are important pieces of machinery since they are part of the telescope's aiming and guidance system. Their function also helps Fine Guidance Sensors and Reaction Wheels. NASA engineers quickly made repairs the next day but it failed again. As a result, operations of the space telescope stopped on November 21. Read: Explained | Beginning of an end? Human activity on moon shows sign of 'Lunar Anthropocene' A repair was made to it, but a failure was again observed on November 23. The operations were then suspended till December 8. But now, NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble Space Telescope started working again less than a week ago. The Hubble legacy Hubble Space Telescope, when it was launched in the 90s, was a huge leap in space exploration and study as humanity, for the first time the world had an actual telescope in space which was able to bypass problems faced by earth-based telescopes. Although we can observe the cosmos from Earth, the problems introduced by factors such as Earth's atmosphere and more, put constraints on our stargazing. Read: Explained | What causes solar storms, how they affect Earth and related phenomenon Hubble in that respect has been invaluable. However, it has suffered numerous technical snafus over the years needing more than frequent repairs. Astronauts have also had to be sent to make some of these repairs manually. Nonetheless, Hubble Space Telescope remains an iconic symbol of human scientific achievement and a topic of sweet nostalgia.

Trusty ol' Hubble Space Telescope is working again after NASA fixes problem

<p>Space can be an excellent refuge for an imaginative mind. Yes, the study is all scientific, but the endless expanse has ample margin for imagination and even ascribing meaning to celestial objects that resemble the forms in our perception. And the wide expanse is full of such things, as it has (again) been proven by a NASA click.</p>

<p>NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has clicked something that looks like an 'evil eye' staring at you from a distant corner of the cosmos. The stare is not quite human and has reptilian features, much like a dinosaur.</p>

<p>But nothing absurdly huge is looking angrily at us from space. What trusty ol' Hubble Telescope has clicked is a constellation. This constellation, named Coma Berenices, is indeed called an 'evil eye' as placement of stars along with sweeping clouds of dust give it a rather devilish look.</p>

<p>"...The gas in the inner and outer regions move in opposite directions, which may be due to a recent galactic merger...," says NASA in its post on Instagram.</p>

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<p>Now to the familiar part, like any other NASA image, the evil eye has captivated thousands online. At the time of publishing of this story, the Instagram post was liked by nearly 400,000 people.</p>

<p>NASA has also made '#LoTR' in an apparent reference to <em>Lord of the Rings</em> movies.</p>

<p>And people have caught on. In comments, one Instagram user has likened the 'evil eye' with 'The eye of Sauron' from the LOTR franchise.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-warns-of-solar-storm-hitting-earth-today-amid-increased-activity-fiery-eruptions-on-sun-662975">NASA warns of solar storm hitting Earth amid increased activity, fiery eruptions on Sun</a></strong></p>

<p>The user is not the only to make allusion to LOTR.</p>

<p>"Gondor calls for aid! And Rohan will answer!" quips another user in one more reference to the LOTR trilogy.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-discovers-methane-on-distant-exoplanet-here-is-what-it-means-662550">NASA discovers methane on distant exoplanet. Here is what it means...</a></strong></p>

<p>Not everyone is cracking jokes (after NASA's hint in the first place.)</p>

<p>Some Instagram users are mesmerised by the terrifying beauty of Coma Berenices which has even made them contemplative.</p>

<p>"The Universe is so damn big," says a user in the comments section.</p>

<p>"Wow, that's all I can think of at moment . What an amazing image," another user has said.</p>


Space can be an excellent refuge for an imaginative mind. Yes, the study is all scientific, but the endless expanse has ample margin for imagination and even ascribing meaning to celestial objects that resemble the forms in our perception.

Space can be an excellent refuge for an imaginative mind. Yes, the study is all scientific, but the endless expanse has ample margin for imagination and even ascribing meaning to celestial objects that resemble the forms in our perception. And the wide expanse is full of such things, as it has (again) been proven by a NASA click. NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has clicked something that looks like an 'evil eye' staring at you from a distant corner of the cosmos. The stare is not quite human and has reptilian features, much like a dinosaur. But nothing absurdly huge is looking angrily at us from space. What trusty ol' Hubble Telescope has clicked is a constellation. This constellation, named Coma Berenices, is indeed called an 'evil eye' as placement of stars along with sweeping clouds of dust give it a rather devilish look. "...The gas in the inner and outer regions move in opposite directions, which may be due to a recent galactic merger...," says NASA in its post on Instagram. View this post on Instagram A post shared by NASA (@nasa) × Now to the familiar part, like any other NASA image, the evil eye has captivated thousands online. At the time of publishing of this story, the Instagram post was liked by nearly 400,000 people. NASA has also made '#LoTR' in an apparent reference to Lord of the Rings movies. And people have caught on. In comments, one Instagram user has likened the 'evil eye' with 'The eye of Sauron' from the LOTR franchise. Also Read | NASA warns of solar storm hitting Earth amid increased activity, fiery eruptions on Sun The user is not the only to make allusion to LOTR. "Gondor calls for aid! And Rohan will answer!" quips another user in one more reference to the LOTR trilogy. Also Read | NASA discovers methane on distant exoplanet. Here is what it means... Not everyone is cracking jokes (after NASA's hint in the first place.) Some Instagram users are mesmerised by the terrifying beauty of Coma Berenices which has even made them contemplative. "The Universe is so damn big," says a user in the comments section. "Wow, that's all I can think of at moment . What an amazing image," another user has said.

'Evil eye' in the sky clicked by NASA wows netizens

<p>The Hubble Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has captured a breathtaking image of the planet Jupiter. The image is in a colour composite of ultraviolet wavelengths.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Jupiter and the Sun are on opposite sides of the sky. This view of the planet includes the iconic and massive storm called the "Great Red Spot". The image has been released to honour the opposition.</p>

<p>Though the storm appears red to the naked eye, it appears deeper in this UV image because high-altitude haze particles absorb light at these wavelengths.</p>

<p>The reddish, wavy polar hazes absorb slightly less of this light because of changes in particle size, content, or altitude. &nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-exactly-is-nasas-lucy-mission-654833">What exactly is NASA's Lucy Mission?</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p>Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and is the largest planet in the solar system, which is more than twice as massive as all the other planets combined.</p>

<p>It is called the gas giant planet. Its stripes and swirls are basically cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water, which are floating in an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium.</p>

<p>"The data used to create this ultraviolet image is part of a Hubble proposal that looked at Jupiter's stealthy superstorm system. The researchers plan to map deep water clouds using the Hubble data to define 3D cloud structures in Jupiter's atmosphere," Nasa said.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/is-northern-lights-style-aurora-in-uranus-hiding-key-to-alien-life-scientists-hint-so-655100">Is northern lights-style aurora in Uranus hiding key to alien life? Scientists hint so</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Just in time for Jupiter reaching opposition, this Hubble image shows a unique view of the planet in ultraviolet light!<br />
<br />
Look up tonight to find Jupiter – it appears large and bright, because its position is directly opposite the Sun in the sky: <a href="https://t.co/v4EIXynA1F">https://t.co/v4EIXynA1F</a> <a href="https://t.co/ZKtOYJlU38">pic.twitter.com/ZKtOYJlU38</a></p>
— Hubble (@NASAHubble) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAHubble/status/1720097274770915369?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 2, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<h2><strong>Hidden ocean the source of CO2 on Jupiter's Moon&nbsp;</strong></h2>

<p>Last month, a report said that carbon dioxide detected on Jupiter's moon Europa comes from the vast ocean beneath its icy shell. The research was done using the James Webb Space Telescope&nbsp;data. This will potentially bolster hopes that the hidden water could harbour life.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Scientists are confident there is a huge ocean of saltwater kilometres below Europa's ice-covered surface, making the moon a prime candidate for hosting extra-terrestrial life in our Solar System.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, determining whether this concealed ocean has the right chemical elements to support life has been difficult.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The Hubble Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has captured a breathtaking image of the planet Jupiter. The image is in a colour composite of ultraviolet wavelengths.

The Hubble Space Telescope of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has captured a breathtaking image of the planet Jupiter. The image is in a colour composite of ultraviolet wavelengths. Jupiter and the Sun are on opposite sides of the sky. This view of the planet includes the iconic and massive storm called the "Great Red Spot". The image has been released to honour the opposition. Though the storm appears red to the naked eye, it appears deeper in this UV image because high-altitude haze particles absorb light at these wavelengths. The reddish, wavy polar hazes absorb slightly less of this light because of changes in particle size, content, or altitude. Also read: What exactly is NASA's Lucy Mission? Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and is the largest planet in the solar system, which is more than twice as massive as all the other planets combined. It is called the gas giant planet. Its stripes and swirls are basically cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water, which are floating in an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium. "The data used to create this ultraviolet image is part of a Hubble proposal that looked at Jupiter's stealthy superstorm system. The researchers plan to map deep water clouds using the Hubble data to define 3D cloud structures in Jupiter's atmosphere," Nasa said. Also read: Is northern lights-style aurora in Uranus hiding key to alien life? Scientists hint so Just in time for Jupiter reaching opposition, this Hubble image shows a unique view of the planet in ultraviolet light! Look up tonight to find Jupiter – it appears large and bright, because its position is directly opposite the Sun in the sky: https://t.co/v4EIXynA1F pic.twitter.com/ZKtOYJlU38 — Hubble (@NASAHubble) November 2, 2023 × Hidden ocean the source of CO2 on Jupiter's Moon Last month, a report said that carbon dioxide detected on Jupiter's moon Europa comes from the vast ocean beneath its icy shell. The research was done using the James Webb Space Telescope data. This will potentially bolster hopes that the hidden water could harbour life. Scientists are confident there is a huge ocean of saltwater kilometres below Europa's ice-covered surface, making the moon a prime candidate for hosting extra-terrestrial life in our Solar System. However, determining whether this concealed ocean has the right chemical elements to support life has been difficult. (With inputs from agencies)

Hubble captures Jupiter in breathtaking colours as giant planet reaches farthest to sun

<p>&nbsp;A spacecraft was smashed into the asteroid Dimorphos by NASA last year. The debris, which resulted after the smashing of spacecraft, was now captured by the Hubble Space Telescope in stunning detail. The cloud of space rocks captured revealed a glittering field of boulders.</p>

<p>In the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a 600-kilogram spacecraft smashed Dimorphos, which circles around a bigger asteroid called Didymos. The asteroid was smashed to understand if the orbit of the space rock can be altered as a practice run to divert future dangerous asteroids. The mission to smash the asteroid was a success which decreased the length of Dimorphos’s orbit by around 33 minutes after the impact in September 2022.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/part-of-indian-rocket-mysterious-cylinder-washes-up-on-australian-beach-616535">Part of Indian rocket? Mysterious cylinder washes up on Australian beach</a></p>

<p>In December 2022, &nbsp;a few months later, Hubble Space Telescope was used by David Jewitt at the University of California, Los Angeles and his colleagues to know more about the debris expelled by the collision. The team discovered 37 large boulders, which will range from 1 to almost 7 metres across, and appeared like small sparkles of light in the picture shared.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Hera spacecraft to study cloud of boulders</strong></h2>

<p>It is most likely that these rocks were tied loosely to the surface of Dimorphous, and not the shards released from the body of the asteroid itself. These clouds are moving relatively slowly compared to Dimorphous, at a speed of 0.8 kilometres per hour, and the total mass of the rock is around 0.1 per cent of their parent asteroid.</p>

<p>“This tells us for the first time what happens when you hit an asteroid and see material coming out up to the largest sizes,” said Jewitt, in a statement. “The boulders are some of the faintest things ever imaged inside our solar system," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"This is a spectacular observation – much better than I expected. We see a cloud of boulders carrying mass and energy away from the impact target. The numbers, sizes, and shapes of the boulders are consistent with them having been knocked off the surface of Dimorphos by the impact," Jewitt stated.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>WATCH |&nbsp;India's gateway to outer space at Satish Dhawan Space Centre</strong></p>

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<p>European Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft, which will depart from Earth in October 2024 and reach Didymos and Dimorphos at the end of 2026, will further study the cloud of boulders. By putting into use the Hubble observations which have been taken now and Hera observations made in future, astronomers might be successful in pinning down the exact trajectories of the boulders.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

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A spacecraft was smashed into the asteroid Dimorphos by NASA last year. The debris, which resulted after the smashing of spacecraft, was now captured by the Hubble Space Telescope in stunning detail.

A spacecraft was smashed into the asteroid Dimorphos by NASA last year. The debris, which resulted after the smashing of spacecraft, was now captured by the Hubble Space Telescope in stunning detail. The cloud of space rocks captured revealed a glittering field of boulders. In the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a 600-kilogram spacecraft smashed Dimorphos, which circles around a bigger asteroid called Didymos. The asteroid was smashed to understand if the orbit of the space rock can be altered as a practice run to divert future dangerous asteroids. The mission to smash the asteroid was a success which decreased the length of Dimorphos’s orbit by around 33 minutes after the impact in September 2022. ALSO READ | Part of Indian rocket? Mysterious cylinder washes up on Australian beach In December 2022, a few months later, Hubble Space Telescope was used by David Jewitt at the University of California, Los Angeles and his colleagues to know more about the debris expelled by the collision. The team discovered 37 large boulders, which will range from 1 to almost 7 metres across, and appeared like small sparkles of light in the picture shared. Hera spacecraft to study cloud of boulders It is most likely that these rocks were tied loosely to the surface of Dimorphous, and not the shards released from the body of the asteroid itself. These clouds are moving relatively slowly compared to Dimorphous, at a speed of 0.8 kilometres per hour, and the total mass of the rock is around 0.1 per cent of their parent asteroid. “This tells us for the first time what happens when you hit an asteroid and see material coming out up to the largest sizes,” said Jewitt, in a statement. “The boulders are some of the faintest things ever imaged inside our solar system," he added. "This is a spectacular observation – much better than I expected. We see a cloud of boulders carrying mass and energy away from the impact target. The numbers, sizes, and shapes of the boulders are consistent with them having been knocked off the surface of Dimorphos by the impact," Jewitt stated. WATCH | India's gateway to outer space at Satish Dhawan Space Centre European Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft, which will depart from Earth in October 2024 and reach Didymos and Dimorphos at the end of 2026, will further study the cloud of boulders. By putting into use the Hubble observations which have been taken now and Hera observations made in future, astronomers might be successful in pinning down the exact trajectories of the boulders. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

NASA's Hubble telescope spots stunning 'cloud of space rocks' made from asteroid-smashing DART mission

<p>In what is being described as a "happy accident," the Hubble Space Telescope has spotted a runaway black hole and its trail of infant stars. What is special about this is that in what could've been a tussle with two other black holes, this supermassive black hole was ejected from its own galaxy. Additionally, its trail of infant stars is an astounding 200,000 light-years long chain. This "contrail" of newborn starts as per Science Daily is twice the diameter of our Milky Way galaxy.</p>

<p>The black hole is huge — it has a mass equivalent to around 20 million suns — and is travelling a such a breakneck speed that it can cover the 382,500 kilometres distance between our planet Earth and its moon in just 14 minutes.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/james-webb-telescope-clicks-four-most-distant-galaxies-ever-seen-by-us-579822">James Webb telescope clicks four most distant galaxies ever seen by astronomers</a></strong></p>

<p>Black holes are notorious for gobbling up stars in their wake, but this one is different. It is moving too fast to act like a "cosmic Pac-Man" and snack on whatever crosses its path. Instead, as per Science Daily, it is "plowing into gas in front of it to trigger new star formation along a narrow corridor," which is forming its trail of newborn stars.</p>

<p>This unique behaviour has astounded scientists who say that nothing like this has ever been seen before.</p>

<p>Talking about the discovery, Pieter van Dokkum of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, said: "What we're seeing is the aftermath. Like the wake behind a ship we're seeing the wake behind the black hole."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Reportedly, the trail is almost half as bright as the host galaxy it is linked to. This means it must have lots of new stars.</p>

<p>"This is pure serendipity that we stumbled across it," adds Dokkum.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-observe-glowing-black-holes-in-colliding-galaxies-579793">Scientists observe glowing black holes in colliding galaxies</a></strong></p>

<p>Astronomers believe that this astounding phenomenon is the result of multiple collisions of three supermassive black holes, two of which must have collided around 50 million years ago. This collision would have created a binary black hole.</p>

<p>'Two's company and three's a crowd," when another blackhole joined the mix, it created a chaotic and unstable configuration and one of the three was thrown out. The single black hole travelled in one direction, the pair in another. As per the astronomers, this could be deduced by circumstantial evidence; there is no active black hole remaining in that galaxy's centre. To confirm these theories, they will now conduct follow-up observations with NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory. NASA's upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope might also provide some insight.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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In what is being described as a "happy accident," the Hubble Space Telescope has spotted a runaway black hole and its trail of infant stars. What is special about this is that in what could've been a tussle with two other black holes, this supermassive black hole was ejected from its own galaxy.

In what is being described as a "happy accident," the Hubble Space Telescope has spotted a runaway black hole and its trail of infant stars. What is special about this is that in what could've been a tussle with two other black holes, this supermassive black hole was ejected from its own galaxy. Additionally, its trail of infant stars is an astounding 200,000 light-years long chain. This "contrail" of newborn starts as per Science Daily is twice the diameter of our Milky Way galaxy. The black hole is huge — it has a mass equivalent to around 20 million suns — and is travelling a such a breakneck speed that it can cover the 382,500 kilometres distance between our planet Earth and its moon in just 14 minutes. Also read | James Webb telescope clicks four most distant galaxies ever seen by astronomers Black holes are notorious for gobbling up stars in their wake, but this one is different. It is moving too fast to act like a "cosmic Pac-Man" and snack on whatever crosses its path. Instead, as per Science Daily, it is "plowing into gas in front of it to trigger new star formation along a narrow corridor," which is forming its trail of newborn stars. This unique behaviour has astounded scientists who say that nothing like this has ever been seen before. Talking about the discovery, Pieter van Dokkum of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, said: "What we're seeing is the aftermath. Like the wake behind a ship we're seeing the wake behind the black hole." Reportedly, the trail is almost half as bright as the host galaxy it is linked to. This means it must have lots of new stars. "This is pure serendipity that we stumbled across it," adds Dokkum. Also read | Scientists observe glowing black holes in colliding galaxies Astronomers believe that this astounding phenomenon is the result of multiple collisions of three supermassive black holes, two of which must have collided around 50 million years ago. This collision would have created a binary black hole. 'Two's company and three's a crowd," when another blackhole joined the mix, it created a chaotic and unstable configuration and one of the three was thrown out. The single black hole travelled in one direction, the pair in another. As per the astronomers, this could be deduced by circumstantial evidence; there is no active black hole remaining in that galaxy's centre. To confirm these theories, they will now conduct follow-up observations with NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory. NASA's upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope might also provide some insight. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

NASA's Hubble telescope stumbles upon a black hole and its 200,000 light years long trail of infant stars

<p>The early days of the universe is an extremely popular topic among researchers and they have now turned towards the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, to decode more of its secrets. According to scientists, it has the same composition as Milky Way and that makes it perfect for a comparative study to understand the early days of our universe.</p>

<p>The Hubble Space Telescope found a number of young stars in the middle of a massive star cluster called NGC 346, according to Live Science. Considering the formation of new stars, the scientists concluded that the process is quite similar to how celestial bodies were formed in the Milky Way.</p>

<p>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/explainer-how-ethereum-merge-can-change-the-world-of-cryptocurrencies-515305" hreflang="en">Explainer: How Ethereum Merge can cut crypto energy consumption by 99 per cent</a></p>

<p>The conclusion was supported by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope.</p>

<p>The newly formed or relatively young stars were found to be spiralling in the middle of the galaxy and the outer arm of the spiral was found to be the perfect birthing place for star formation.</p>

<p>The observations recorded from NGC 346 will now be applied in the studies regarding the Milky Way and it can tell us a lot about how the universe looked around 2 to 3 billion years ago.</p>

<p>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/explainer-how-ethereum-merge-can-change-the-world-of-cryptocurrencies-515305" hreflang="en">Explainer: How Ethereum Merge can cut crypto energy consumption by 99 per cent</a></p>

<p>"Stars are the machines that sculpt the universe. We would not have life without stars, and yet we don't fully understand how they form," explained study leader Elena Sabbi of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore according to Live Science.</p>

<p>"We have several models that make predictions, and some of these predictions are contradictory. We want to determine what is regulating the process of star formation, because these are the laws that we need to also understand what we see in the early universe."</p>

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The early days of the universe is an extremely popular topic among researchers and they have now turned towards the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, to decode more of its secrets.

The early days of the universe is an extremely popular topic among researchers and they have now turned towards the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, to decode more of its secrets. According to scientists, it has the same composition as Milky Way and that makes it perfect for a comparative study to understand the early days of our universe. The Hubble Space Telescope found a number of young stars in the middle of a massive star cluster called NGC 346, according to Live Science. Considering the formation of new stars, the scientists concluded that the process is quite similar to how celestial bodies were formed in the Milky Way. Also read | Explainer: How Ethereum Merge can cut crypto energy consumption by 99 per cent The conclusion was supported by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. The newly formed or relatively young stars were found to be spiralling in the middle of the galaxy and the outer arm of the spiral was found to be the perfect birthing place for star formation. The observations recorded from NGC 346 will now be applied in the studies regarding the Milky Way and it can tell us a lot about how the universe looked around 2 to 3 billion years ago. Also read | Explainer: How Ethereum Merge can cut crypto energy consumption by 99 per cent "Stars are the machines that sculpt the universe. We would not have life without stars, and yet we don't fully understand how they form," explained study leader Elena Sabbi of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore according to Live Science. "We have several models that make predictions, and some of these predictions are contradictory. We want to determine what is regulating the process of star formation, because these are the laws that we need to also understand what we see in the early universe."

New findings of NASA's Hubble Telescope can help in understanding early days of universe

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<p>The Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning galaxy CGCG 396-2. NASA shared details about the unusual multi-armed galaxy merger. The official website of the American space agency said that the galaxy captured by Hubble is located at a distance of 520 million light-years from Earth in the direction of the constellation Orion.&nbsp;</p>

<p>NASA revealed that the observation is a gem from the Galaxy Zoo project, which is a citizen science project. In this unique project, hundreds of thousands of volunteers classified galaxies to help scientists solve a problem of astronomical proportions. A way to sort through the vast amounts of data generated by robotic telescopes.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/on-this-day-nasa-will-reveal-secret-images-taken-by-the-most-powerful-telescope-ever-launched-into-space-495846">On this day, NASA will reveal 'secret' images taken by the most powerful telescope ever launched into space</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p><strong>Watch the video here:&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p>It is understood that the most astronomically intriguing objects from the Galaxy Zoo were selected for follow-up for the observations with Hubble after a public vote. NASA revealed that CGCG 396-2 is one such object which was captured in this image by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/researchers-detect-microplastics-in-meat-milk-and-blood-of-farm-animal-495692">Researchers detect microplastics in meat, milk and blood of farm animal</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p><strong>More about The Galaxy Zoo project</strong></p>

<p>The project came into existence when an astronomer was set on the task of classifying more than 900 000 galaxies by eye. NASA said that by making a web interface and inviting citizen scientists to contribute to the challenge, the Galaxy Zoo team was able to crowdsource the analysis. NASA revealed that within six months, a legion of 100 000 volunteer citizen astronomers had contributed more than 40 million galaxy classifications.&nbsp;</p>

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The Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning galaxy CGCG 396-2. NASA shared details about the unusual multi-armed galaxy merger. The official website of the American space agency said that the galaxy captured by Hubble is located at a distance of 520 million light-years from Earth in the direction of the constellation Orion.

The Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning galaxy CGCG 396-2. NASA shared details about the unusual multi-armed galaxy merger. The official website of the American space agency said that the galaxy captured by Hubble is located at a distance of 520 million light-years from Earth in the direction of the constellation Orion. NASA revealed that the observation is a gem from the Galaxy Zoo project, which is a citizen science project. In this unique project, hundreds of thousands of volunteers classified galaxies to help scientists solve a problem of astronomical proportions. A way to sort through the vast amounts of data generated by robotic telescopes. ALSO READ | On this day, NASA will reveal 'secret' images taken by the most powerful telescope ever launched into space Watch the video here: × It is understood that the most astronomically intriguing objects from the Galaxy Zoo were selected for follow-up for the observations with Hubble after a public vote. NASA revealed that CGCG 396-2 is one such object which was captured in this image by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. ALSO READ | Researchers detect microplastics in meat, milk and blood of farm animal More about The Galaxy Zoo project The project came into existence when an astronomer was set on the task of classifying more than 900 000 galaxies by eye. NASA said that by making a web interface and inviting citizen scientists to contribute to the challenge, the Galaxy Zoo team was able to crowdsource the analysis. NASA revealed that within six months, a legion of 100 000 volunteer citizen astronomers had contributed more than 40 million galaxy classifications. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

A galactic gem: Hubble Space Telescope captures an unusual multi-armed galaxy merger

<p>The night sky is a sparkle to start with. The countless stars are just there for us to unravel their mystery. But just sometimes, when we are in the mood for some dreamy stargazing, weather plays a spoilsport.</p>

<p>It was to overcome this limitation exactly that Hubble Space Telescope was put in orbit. It eliminates the weather factor completely.</p>

<p>Hubble has been sending us mesmerising images for years. Another image has joined the long list. The space telescope has clicked a crisp photo of a sparkling galaxy. NASA has shared the image on Instagram and other social media feeds.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/star-burns-brighter-even-after-supernova-explosion-491718">Star burns brighter even after supernova explosion</a></strong></p>

<p>"A little glitter goes a long way…Millions of light-years, actually! In the middle of this picture is a sparkling galaxy, crisply captured by the @NASAHubble Space Telescope. You might notice, however, that there are quite a few stars that look much brighter than the stars contained within the galaxy. For example, there’s a shining star at the center—actually, it’s a part of our own galaxy, the Milky Way. The star looks more luminous because it’s much closer to us," says NASA in its post</p>

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The night sky is a sparkle to start with. The countless stars are just there for us to unravel their mystery. But just sometimes, when we are in the mood for some dreamy stargazing, weather plays a spoilsport.

The night sky is a sparkle to start with. The countless stars are just there for us to unravel their mystery. But just sometimes, when we are in the mood for some dreamy stargazing, weather plays a spoilsport. It was to overcome this limitation exactly that Hubble Space Telescope was put in orbit. It eliminates the weather factor completely. Hubble has been sending us mesmerising images for years. Another image has joined the long list. The space telescope has clicked a crisp photo of a sparkling galaxy. NASA has shared the image on Instagram and other social media feeds. Also Read | Star burns brighter even after supernova explosion "A little glitter goes a long way…Millions of light-years, actually! In the middle of this picture is a sparkling galaxy, crisply captured by the @NASAHubble Space Telescope. You might notice, however, that there are quite a few stars that look much brighter than the stars contained within the galaxy. For example, there’s a shining star at the center—actually, it’s a part of our own galaxy, the Milky Way. The star looks more luminous because it’s much closer to us," says NASA in its post View this post on Instagram A post shared by NASA (@nasa) × As usual, the image is being liked by users. At the time of publishing of this story, nearly one million people had liked the photo. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks crisp image of a sparkling galaxy

<p>NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has spotted a peculiarly-shaped cloud hovering over the largest inland body of water on the planet, the Caspian Sea.</p>

<p>In sharp contrast with the typical diffused and dispersed cloud cover, this particular cloud had well-defined edges resembling something from a cartoon or something painted onto the scenery.</p>

<p>The cloud, which resembles what can be called a white smudge of paint, is a small stratocumulus cloud according to Bastiaan van Diedenhoven, who is an atmospheric scientist at SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">If you zoom in on this imagery, which was captured via the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/GOESEast?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#GOESEast</a> 🛰️, the clouds seem to form the word "GO." 😃 <a href="https://t.co/JkfdzvckwP">pic.twitter.com/JkfdzvckwP</a></p>
— NOAA Satellites (@NOAASatellites) <a href="https://twitter.com/NOAASatellites/status/1522592762318794755?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 6, 2022</a></blockquote>
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<p>Usually found during good weather conditions, cumulus clouds are detached “heaps” of “cauliflower-shaped” clouds and form at low altitudes, generally between 600 and 2,000 metres.</p>

<p>Spanning a layer about 100 kilometres, the stratocumulus cloud in the picture is hovering at an altitude of about 1,500 metres.</p>

<p>The image of the cloud, which has gone viral on social media, has garnered hundreds of likes and has been shared multiple times.</p>

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<p>While a Twitter user commented “Google, the eye in the sky," another wrote “Zoom in more it spells GOD."&nbsp;</p>

<p>“Sharp edges are often formed when dry, warm air coming from land collides with colder moist air over the ocean, and the cloud forms at that boundary. You often see this off the west coast of Africa but at much larger scales," said Diedenhoven.</p>

<p>He believes that the cloud drifted to the coast of Makhachkala from the Caspian Sea during the afternoon and dissipated when it reached land.</p>

<p>It comes after there were reports that cosmic cannibalism is taking place in space as a dead star is ripping apart its planetary system.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Using the archival data from the Hubble Space Telescope, NASA scientists have found that a White Dwarf star called G238-44 is responsible for the phenomenon which is happening for the first time.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has spotted a peculiarly-shaped cloud hovering over the largest inland body of water on the planet, the Caspian Sea.

NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has spotted a peculiarly-shaped cloud hovering over the largest inland body of water on the planet, the Caspian Sea. In sharp contrast with the typical diffused and dispersed cloud cover, this particular cloud had well-defined edges resembling something from a cartoon or something painted onto the scenery. The cloud, which resembles what can be called a white smudge of paint, is a small stratocumulus cloud according to Bastiaan van Diedenhoven, who is an atmospheric scientist at SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research. If you zoom in on this imagery, which was captured via the #GOESEast 🛰️, the clouds seem to form the word "GO." 😃 pic.twitter.com/JkfdzvckwP — NOAA Satellites (@NOAASatellites) May 6, 2022 × Usually found during good weather conditions, cumulus clouds are detached “heaps” of “cauliflower-shaped” clouds and form at low altitudes, generally between 600 and 2,000 metres. Spanning a layer about 100 kilometres, the stratocumulus cloud in the picture is hovering at an altitude of about 1,500 metres. The image of the cloud, which has gone viral on social media, has garnered hundreds of likes and has been shared multiple times. × While a Twitter user commented “Google, the eye in the sky," another wrote “Zoom in more it spells GOD." “Sharp edges are often formed when dry, warm air coming from land collides with colder moist air over the ocean, and the cloud forms at that boundary. You often see this off the west coast of Africa but at much larger scales," said Diedenhoven. He believes that the cloud drifted to the coast of Makhachkala from the Caspian Sea during the afternoon and dissipated when it reached land. It comes after there were reports that cosmic cannibalism is taking place in space as a dead star is ripping apart its planetary system. Using the archival data from the Hubble Space Telescope, NASA scientists have found that a White Dwarf star called G238-44 is responsible for the phenomenon which is happening for the first time. (With inputs from agencies) Watch WION's live TV here:

'Zoom in more it spells GOD': NASA spots peculiar cloud hovering over Caspian Sea

<p>The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has shared a breathtaking image of the Whirlpool Galaxy’s curving arms.</p>

<p>From pink star-forming regions to brilliant blue strands of star clusters, the&nbsp;Whirlpool Galaxy has the traits of a typical spiral galaxy.</p>

<p>The Whirlpool Galaxy, which is located about 31 million light-years away in the constellation Canes Venatici, is also known as M51 and has been captured by the Hubble Space Telescope.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Round and round we go…<br />
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Let yourself be whisked away by the Whirlpool Galaxy’s curving arms, pink star-forming regions, and brilliant blue strands of star clusters. Explore <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/GalaxiesGalore?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#GalaxiesGalore</a> with <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAHubble?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NASAHubble</a> on <a href="https://twitter.com/tumblr?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Tumblr</a>: <a href="https://t.co/F2kzCVAYBt">https://t.co/F2kzCVAYBt</a> <a href="https://t.co/zVUKShxrEB">pic.twitter.com/zVUKShxrEB</a></p>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1528500653693222913?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 22, 2022</a></blockquote>
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<p>After NASA shared the image, a Twitter user commented ''What a beauty, can't divert my eyes!''</p>

<p>Another Twitter user wrote in the post's comments ''The Whirlpool Galaxy is an interacting grand-design spiral galaxy with a Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus.''</p>

<p>The post shared by the US space agency has received over 14,000 likes and more than 1800 retweets.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-voyager-1-sending-weird-signals-from-beyond-solar-system-engineers-perplexed-481052" hreflang="en">NASA’s Voyager 1 sending weird signals from beyond solar system, engineers perplexed</a></strong></p>

<p>It comes after US President Joe Biden met Japanese Prime Minister Fumio and said that NASA will welcome Japanese astronauts aboard the gateway.</p>

<p>“In recent years, the alliance between Japan and the United States has grown stronger, deeper, and more capable as we work together to take on new challenges – just as important as the opportunities – of a rapidly changing world,” said Biden.</p>

<p>''A great example of this: We viewed Japan's lunar rover... a symbol of how our space cooperation is taking off, looking towards the Moon and to Mars.''</p>

<p>''And I'm excited about the work we'll do together on the Gateway station around the Moon and look forward to the first Japanese astronaut joining us in the mission to the lunar surface under the Artemis program,'' he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“Our shared ambition to see Japanese and American astronauts walk on the Moon together reflects our nations’ shared values to explore space responsibly and transparently for the benefit of humanity here on Earth,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson.</p>

<p>“With this historic announcement, President Biden is once again showing nations throughout the world that America will not go alone but with like-minded partners. Under Artemis, it’s our intention to invest in and explore the cosmos with countries that promote science, economic opportunity, and a common set of shared values.”&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

<p><strong>Watch WION's live TV here:</strong></p>

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The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has shared a breathtaking image of the Whirlpool Galaxy’s curving arms. From pink star-forming regions to brilliant blue strands of star clusters, the Whirlpool Galaxy has the traits of a typical spiral galaxy.

The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has shared a breathtaking image of the Whirlpool Galaxy’s curving arms. From pink star-forming regions to brilliant blue strands of star clusters, the Whirlpool Galaxy has the traits of a typical spiral galaxy. The Whirlpool Galaxy, which is located about 31 million light-years away in the constellation Canes Venatici, is also known as M51 and has been captured by the Hubble Space Telescope. Round and round we go… Let yourself be whisked away by the Whirlpool Galaxy’s curving arms, pink star-forming regions, and brilliant blue strands of star clusters. Explore #GalaxiesGalore with @NASAHubble on @Tumblr: https://t.co/F2kzCVAYBt pic.twitter.com/zVUKShxrEB — NASA (@NASA) May 22, 2022 × After NASA shared the image, a Twitter user commented ''What a beauty, can't divert my eyes!'' Another Twitter user wrote in the post's comments ''The Whirlpool Galaxy is an interacting grand-design spiral galaxy with a Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus.'' The post shared by the US space agency has received over 14,000 likes and more than 1800 retweets. Also read | NASA’s Voyager 1 sending weird signals from beyond solar system, engineers perplexed It comes after US President Joe Biden met Japanese Prime Minister Fumio and said that NASA will welcome Japanese astronauts aboard the gateway. “In recent years, the alliance between Japan and the United States has grown stronger, deeper, and more capable as we work together to take on new challenges – just as important as the opportunities – of a rapidly changing world,” said Biden. ''A great example of this: We viewed Japan's lunar rover... a symbol of how our space cooperation is taking off, looking towards the Moon and to Mars.'' ''And I'm excited about the work we'll do together on the Gateway station around the Moon and look forward to the first Japanese astronaut joining us in the mission to the lunar surface under the Artemis program,'' he added. “Our shared ambition to see Japanese and American astronauts walk on the Moon together reflects our nations’ shared values to explore space responsibly and transparently for the benefit of humanity here on Earth,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “With this historic announcement, President Biden is once again showing nations throughout the world that America will not go alone but with like-minded partners. Under Artemis, it’s our intention to invest in and explore the cosmos with countries that promote science, economic opportunity, and a common set of shared values.” (With inputs from agencies) Watch WION's live TV here:

'Round and round we go': NASA shares breathtaking image of Whirlpool Galaxy

Nasa is all set to launch its biggest telescope into the orbit in a few hours from now. It is also almost a hundred times more powerful than Hubble and will explore the possibilities of life beyond earth.

A new frontier in space exploration

<p>Hubble space telescope has been humankind's eye in the sky for decades and though the space telescope has developed glitches, hit snags and has required frequent repairs, it has clicked wonders lying in unimaginably distant corners of the universe and enhanced our knowledge.</p>

<p>It has now clicked an image of colliding gases in 'Running Man' Nebula.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Nebulas are where stars form. When this image was clicked, Hubble was trying to observe effect young stars have on their surroundings.</p>

<p>The image it clicked was of Herbig-Haro object (HH 45). Herbig Haro nebula is a type of nebula that forms when gas from a young star collides with surrounding dust and produces shockwaves.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/nasa-depicts-solar-eclipse-from-space-in-a-brilliant-photo-435258">NASA depicts solar eclipse from space in a brilliant photo</a></strong></p>

<p>Herbig Haro objects are a rare sight in the universe. This Herbig Haro object has been spotted by Hubble in nebula named NGC 1977. This nebula is also called 'Running Man Nebula'. This is a complex structure of three nebulae. The Running Man Nebula is about 5000 light-years away from Earth. The Running Man Nebula is a reflection nebula. This means that it does not emit light of its own but reflects light emitted by other nebulae.</p>

<p>NASA is soon launching a 'successor' to Hubble Space Telescope. In December, it is going to launch James Webb Space Telescope. This space telescope is more powerful than Hubble telescope and will be equipped with latest technology.</p>


Hubble space telescope has been humankind's eye in the sky for decades and though the space telescope has developed glitches, hit snags and has required frequent repairs, it has clicked wonders lying in unimaginably distant corners of the universe and enhanced our knowledge.

Hubble space telescope has been humankind's eye in the sky for decades and though the space telescope has developed glitches, hit snags and has required frequent repairs, it has clicked wonders lying in unimaginably distant corners of the universe and enhanced our knowledge. It has now clicked an image of colliding gases in 'Running Man' Nebula. Nebulas are where stars form. When this image was clicked, Hubble was trying to observe effect young stars have on their surroundings. The image it clicked was of Herbig-Haro object (HH 45). Herbig Haro nebula is a type of nebula that forms when gas from a young star collides with surrounding dust and produces shockwaves. Also Read: NASA depicts solar eclipse from space in a brilliant photo Herbig Haro objects are a rare sight in the universe. This Herbig Haro object has been spotted by Hubble in nebula named NGC 1977. This nebula is also called 'Running Man Nebula'. This is a complex structure of three nebulae. The Running Man Nebula is about 5000 light-years away from Earth. The Running Man Nebula is a reflection nebula. This means that it does not emit light of its own but reflects light emitted by other nebulae. NASA is soon launching a 'successor' to Hubble Space Telescope. In December, it is going to launch James Webb Space Telescope. This space telescope is more powerful than Hubble telescope and will be equipped with latest technology.

Hubble telescope clicks photo of colliding gases in 'running man' nebula

<p>NASA's Hubble Telescope has captured the 'eye' of a massive dying star that is 15,000 light-years away.</p>

<p>Hubble has released images of a stellar explosion of the AG Carinae, a luminous blue variable star. It is among the biggest and brightest stars in the galaxy.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-ingenuity-helicopter-takes-3d-photo-of-rock-structure-on-mars-414347" hreflang="en">NASA's Ingenuity helicopter takes 3D photo of rock structure on Mars</a></strong></p>

<p>About 55 to 70 times the mass of the Sun, AG Carinae is unstable and a few million years old.</p>

<p>Luminous blue variables (LBVs) have the highest mass-loss rates. They are highly irregular and fluctuate quite significantly.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/at-iss-sun-rises-and-sets-every-45-minutes-nasa-tells-why-412923" hreflang="en">At ISS, Sun rises and sets every 45 minutes, NASA tells why</a></strong></p>

<p>This fluctuation pushes radiation pressure outward. Its death throes are wilder than most stars.</p>

<p>As it begins to run out of fuel to fuse into hydrogen, its eruptive variability begins to exhibit its characteristics.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-asteroid-may-have-formed-its-own-moons-412078" hreflang="en">This asteroid may have formed its own moons</a></strong></p>

<p>With the material of its stellar core heating, the star begins to contract.</p>

<p>Waging a tug-of-war between radiation to avoid self-destruction and gravity, it is surrounded by a halo of gas and dust.</p>

<p>Like a boiling teapot boiling off its lid, the star's outer layer was blown into space&nbsp;</p>

<p>Different types of materials are represented by different colors. Ionised gas ejected from the star is represented by red while blue shows the dust around the star.<br />
&nbsp;</p>


NASA's Hubble Telescope has captured the 'eye' of a massive dying star that is 15,000 light-years away. Hubble has released images of a stellar explosion of the AG Carinae, a luminous blue variable star.

NASA's Hubble Telescope has captured the 'eye' of a massive dying star that is 15,000 light-years away. Hubble has released images of a stellar explosion of the AG Carinae, a luminous blue variable star. It is among the biggest and brightest stars in the galaxy. Also read | NASA's Ingenuity helicopter takes 3D photo of rock structure on Mars About 55 to 70 times the mass of the Sun, AG Carinae is unstable and a few million years old. Luminous blue variables (LBVs) have the highest mass-loss rates. They are highly irregular and fluctuate quite significantly. Also read | At ISS, Sun rises and sets every 45 minutes, NASA tells why This fluctuation pushes radiation pressure outward. Its death throes are wilder than most stars. As it begins to run out of fuel to fuse into hydrogen, its eruptive variability begins to exhibit its characteristics. Also read | This asteroid may have formed its own moons With the material of its stellar core heating, the star begins to contract. Waging a tug-of-war between radiation to avoid self-destruction and gravity, it is surrounded by a halo of gas and dust. Like a boiling teapot boiling off its lid, the star's outer layer was blown into space Different types of materials are represented by different colors. Ionised gas ejected from the star is represented by red while blue shows the dust around the star.

NASA's Hubble Telescope captures massive 'eye' of dying star

<p>The Hubble Space Telescope is damaged, and NASA is scrambling to figure out what's wrong with the workhorse observatory's most significant problem in almost a decade.</p>

<p>Astronomers were using the 31-year-old Hubble telescope to study pulsing stars 200 million miles away when it suddenly stopped working on June 13.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
<strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-reports-trouble-with-hubble-space-telescope-392571">NASA reports trouble with Hubble Space Telescope</a></strong></p>

<p>After one of its onboard computers malfunctioned on June 13, the Hubble Space Telescope was put into safe mode, with science operations shut off.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
<strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science-technology/nasas-giant-webb-telescope-succeeds-in-key-pre-launch-test-384613">NASA's giant Webb telescope succeeds in key pre-launch test</a></strong>&nbsp;</p>

<p>"NASA completed a review to assess all factors and minimise risks related to Hubble’s possible switch to backup hardware, which may occur later this week. Investigation into the cause of the payload computer issue is ongoing," NASA&nbsp;said.</p>

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<p>The agency's initial findings pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer halt. When the operations team attempted to switch to a backup memory module, however, the command to initiate the backup module failed to complete.<br />
<br />
The main computer then automatically placed all science instruments in a safe mode configuration. Control centre personnel at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland restarted the payload computer on Monday, June 14, but it soon experienced the same problem, the space agency said.<br />
<br />
Hundreds of astronomy projects had to be placed on pause or cancelled due to the failure of the orbiting telescope, which NASA is trying to figure out what went wrong.</p>

<p>Efforts to comprehend galaxies, comets, stars, exoplanets, and the entire cosmos are at stake.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The Hubble Space Telescope is damaged, and NASA is scrambling to figure out what's wrong with the workhorse observatory's most significant problem in almost a decade.

The Hubble Space Telescope is damaged, and NASA is scrambling to figure out what's wrong with the workhorse observatory's most significant problem in almost a decade. Astronomers were using the 31-year-old Hubble telescope to study pulsing stars 200 million miles away when it suddenly stopped working on June 13. Also read | NASA reports trouble with Hubble Space Telescope After one of its onboard computers malfunctioned on June 13, the Hubble Space Telescope was put into safe mode, with science operations shut off. Also read | NASA's giant Webb telescope succeeds in key pre-launch test "NASA completed a review to assess all factors and minimise risks related to Hubble’s possible switch to backup hardware, which may occur later this week. Investigation into the cause of the payload computer issue is ongoing," NASA said. × The agency's initial findings pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer halt. When the operations team attempted to switch to a backup memory module, however, the command to initiate the backup module failed to complete. The main computer then automatically placed all science instruments in a safe mode configuration. Control centre personnel at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland restarted the payload computer on Monday, June 14, but it soon experienced the same problem, the space agency said. Hundreds of astronomy projects had to be placed on pause or cancelled due to the failure of the orbiting telescope, which NASA is trying to figure out what went wrong. Efforts to comprehend galaxies, comets, stars, exoplanets, and the entire cosmos are at stake. (With inputs from agencies)

Down for a month: NASA faces Hubble Space Telescope's most serious glitch in years

<p>NASA's golden-mirrored James Webb Space Telescope has passed a key review this week, a&nbsp;key&nbsp;milestone before the $10 billion observatory is launched later this year.</p>

<p>The telescope, which has been peering into the universe for more than 30 years, had&nbsp;been down for a&nbsp;few days last month.</p>

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<p>NASA said initial evidence pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer problem.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The technology for the payload computer dates back to the 1980s, and it was replaced during maintenance work in 2009.</p>

<p>The James&nbsp;Webb&nbsp;Space&nbsp;Telescope's 21 feet 4 inches (6.5 meters) mirror was commanded to fully expand and lock itself into place,&nbsp;NASA&nbsp;said, a final&nbsp;test&nbsp;to ensure it will survive its million-mile (1.6 million kilometers) journey and is ready to discover the origins of the Universe.</p>

<p>Scott Willoughby, the&nbsp;lead contractor Northrop Grumman, had defined building it as a ''Swiss watch at 40-feet-tall... and getting it ready for this journey that we take into the vacuum at minus 400 degrees Fahrenheit (-240 Celsius), four times further than the Moon."</p>

<p>He was speaking at the company's spaceport in Redondo Beach, California, from where the&nbsp;telescope&nbsp;will be shipped to French Guiana to be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket, with&nbsp;NASA&nbsp;targeting October 31 for liftoff.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">NASA continues to work to resolve an issue with the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope, which halted on June 13.<br />
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Launched in 1990, Hubble has contributed greatly to our understanding of the universe over the past 30 years. <a href="https://t.co/qEmIUQCtuX">https://t.co/qEmIUQCtuX</a></p>
— Hubble (@NASAHubble) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAHubble/status/1405939940471492619?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">June 18, 2021</a></blockquote>
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<p>Webb's primary mirror is made of 18 hexagonal segments coated with an ultra-thin layer of gold to improve its reflection of infrared light.</p>

<p>It will fly to&nbsp;space&nbsp;folded like a piece of origami artwork, which allows it to fit inside a 16-foot (5-meter) rocket fairing, and will then use 132 individual actuators and motors to bend each mirror into a specific position.</p>

<p>Together, the mirrors will function as one massive reflector, to enable the&nbsp;telescope&nbsp;to peer deeper into the cosmos than ever before.</p>

<p><strong>Time machine</strong></p>

<p>Scientists want to use the&nbsp;telescope&nbsp;to look back in time over 13.5 billion years ago and see for the first time the first stars and galaxies that formed, a few hundred million years after the Big Bang.</p>

<p>To do this, they need to detect infrared. The current premier&nbsp;space&nbsp;telescope, Hubble, only has limited infrared capacity.</p>

<p>This is&nbsp;key&nbsp;because, by the time the light from the first objects reaches our telescopes, it has been shifted towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum as a result of the Universe extending the&nbsp;space&nbsp;between objects as it expands.</p>

<p>Another&nbsp;key&nbsp;area will be the discovery of alien worlds. The first planets to orbit other stars were detected in the 1990s and there are now more than 4,000 exoplanets that have been confirmed.</p>

<p>Webb&nbsp;"has instrumentation that will propel this new and exciting field into its next epic of discovery," said Eric Smith, James&nbsp;Webb&nbsp;telescope&nbsp;program scientist.</p>

<p>Scientists from 44 countries will be able to make use of the&nbsp;telescope, with proposals including using the infrared capabilities to penetrate the supermassive black holes at the centre of galaxies, including our own.</p>

<p>"The discovery capability of&nbsp;Webb&nbsp;is limited only by our own imaginations, and scientists around the world will soon be using this general-purpose observatory to take us places we haven't dreamed of going before," said Smith.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's golden-mirrored James Webb Space Telescope has passed a key review this week, a key milestone before the $10 billion observatory is launched later this year.

NASA's golden-mirrored James Webb Space Telescope has passed a key review this week, a key milestone before the $10 billion observatory is launched later this year. The telescope, which has been peering into the universe for more than 30 years, had been down for a few days last month. NASA said initial evidence pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer problem. The technology for the payload computer dates back to the 1980s, and it was replaced during maintenance work in 2009. The James Webb Space Telescope's 21 feet 4 inches (6.5 meters) mirror was commanded to fully expand and lock itself into place, NASA said, a final test to ensure it will survive its million-mile (1.6 million kilometers) journey and is ready to discover the origins of the Universe. Scott Willoughby, the lead contractor Northrop Grumman, had defined building it as a ''Swiss watch at 40-feet-tall... and getting it ready for this journey that we take into the vacuum at minus 400 degrees Fahrenheit (-240 Celsius), four times further than the Moon." He was speaking at the company's spaceport in Redondo Beach, California, from where the telescope will be shipped to French Guiana to be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket, with NASA targeting October 31 for liftoff. NASA continues to work to resolve an issue with the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope, which halted on June 13. Launched in 1990, Hubble has contributed greatly to our understanding of the universe over the past 30 years. https://t.co/qEmIUQCtuX — Hubble (@NASAHubble) June 18, 2021 × Webb's primary mirror is made of 18 hexagonal segments coated with an ultra-thin layer of gold to improve its reflection of infrared light. It will fly to space folded like a piece of origami artwork, which allows it to fit inside a 16-foot (5-meter) rocket fairing, and will then use 132 individual actuators and motors to bend each mirror into a specific position. Together, the mirrors will function as one massive reflector, to enable the telescope to peer deeper into the cosmos than ever before. Time machine Scientists want to use the telescope to look back in time over 13.5 billion years ago and see for the first time the first stars and galaxies that formed, a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. To do this, they need to detect infrared. The current premier space telescope, Hubble, only has limited infrared capacity. This is key because, by the time the light from the first objects reaches our telescopes, it has been shifted towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum as a result of the Universe extending the space between objects as it expands. Another key area will be the discovery of alien worlds. The first planets to orbit other stars were detected in the 1990s and there are now more than 4,000 exoplanets that have been confirmed. Webb "has instrumentation that will propel this new and exciting field into its next epic of discovery," said Eric Smith, James Webb telescope program scientist. Scientists from 44 countries will be able to make use of the telescope, with proposals including using the infrared capabilities to penetrate the supermassive black holes at the centre of galaxies, including our own. "The discovery capability of Webb is limited only by our own imaginations, and scientists around the world will soon be using this general-purpose observatory to take us places we haven't dreamed of going before," said Smith. (With inputs from agencies)

James Webb Space Telescope passes key review ahead of fall launch

<p>US Space agency NASA continues to work on the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope, which halted probably due to a degrading memory module.<br />
<br />
Hubble, which has been watching the universe over the past 30 years, faced trouble with its payload computer on June 13. An attempt to restart the computer failed on June 14, NASA said.<br />
<br />
"NASA continues to work on resolving an issue with the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope. The operations team will be running tests and collecting more information on the system to further isolate the problem. The science instruments will remain in a safe mode state until the issue is resolved. The telescope itself and science instruments remain in good health," the space agency said in a statement.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-reports-trouble-with-hubble-space-telescope-392571">NASA reports trouble with Hubble Space Telescope</a></strong><br />
<br />
The agency's initial findings pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer halt. When the operations team attempted to switch to a backup memory module, however, the command to initiate the backup module failed to complete.<br />
<br />
Another attempt was conducted on both modules to obtain more diagnostic information while again trying to bring those memory modules online. However, those attempts were not successful, NASA said.<br />
<br />
The payload computer is a NASA Standard Spacecraft Computer-1 (NSSC-1) system built in the 1980s that is located on the Science Instrument Command and Data Handling unit. The computer's purpose is to control and coordinate the science instruments and monitor them for health and safety purposes.<br />
<br />
It is fully redundant in that a second computer, along with its associated hardware, exists in orbit that can be switched over to in the event of a problem. Both computers can access and use any of four independent memory modules, which each contain 64K of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) memory. The payload computer uses only one memory module operationally at a time, with the other three serving as backups.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science-technology/nasas-giant-webb-telescope-succeeds-in-key-pre-launch-test-384613">NASA's giant Webb telescope succeeds in key pre-launch test</a></strong>&nbsp;<br />
<br />
The purpose of the payload computer is to control and coordinate the science instruments onboard the spacecraft. After the halt occurred on Sunday, the main computer stopped receiving a "keep-alive" signal, which is a standard handshake between the payload and main spacecraft computers to indicate all is well.<br />
<br />
The main computer then automatically placed all science instruments in a safe mode configuration. Control centre personnel at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland restarted the payload computer on Monday, June 14, but it soon experienced the same problem, the space agency said.</p>


US Space agency NASA continues to work on the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope, which halted probably due to a degrading memory module. Hubble, which has been watching the universe over the past 30 years, faced trouble with its payload computer on June 13.

US Space agency NASA continues to work on the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope, which halted probably due to a degrading memory module. Hubble, which has been watching the universe over the past 30 years, faced trouble with its payload computer on June 13. An attempt to restart the computer failed on June 14, NASA said. "NASA continues to work on resolving an issue with the payload computer on the Hubble Space Telescope. The operations team will be running tests and collecting more information on the system to further isolate the problem. The science instruments will remain in a safe mode state until the issue is resolved. The telescope itself and science instruments remain in good health," the space agency said in a statement. Also read | NASA reports trouble with Hubble Space Telescope The agency's initial findings pointed to a degrading computer memory module as the source of the computer halt. When the operations team attempted to switch to a backup memory module, however, the command to initiate the backup module failed to complete. Another attempt was conducted on both modules to obtain more diagnostic information while again trying to bring those memory modules online. However, those attempts were not successful, NASA said. The payload computer is a NASA Standard Spacecraft Computer-1 (NSSC-1) system built in the 1980s that is located on the Science Instrument Command and Data Handling unit. The computer's purpose is to control and coordinate the science instruments and monitor them for health and safety purposes. It is fully redundant in that a second computer, along with its associated hardware, exists in orbit that can be switched over to in the event of a problem. Both computers can access and use any of four independent memory modules, which each contain 64K of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) memory. The payload computer uses only one memory module operationally at a time, with the other three serving as backups. Also read | NASA's giant Webb telescope succeeds in key pre-launch test The purpose of the payload computer is to control and coordinate the science instruments onboard the spacecraft. After the halt occurred on Sunday, the main computer stopped receiving a "keep-alive" signal, which is a standard handshake between the payload and main spacecraft computers to indicate all is well. The main computer then automatically placed all science instruments in a safe mode configuration. Control centre personnel at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland restarted the payload computer on Monday, June 14, but it soon experienced the same problem, the space agency said.

Hubble telescope on halt after trouble with payload computer: NASA

<p>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Hubble Telescope has released a stunning image of the Veil Nebula&nbsp;bringing out fine details of the it’s delicate threads and filaments of ionised gas.</p>

<p dir="ltr">To create this colourful image, observations taken by Hubble's&nbsp;Wide Field Camera 3&nbsp;instrument through 5 different filters were used. The new post-processing methods have further enhanced details of emissions from doubly ionised oxygen (seen here in blues), ionised hydrogen and ionised nitrogen (seen here in reds).</p>

<p dir="ltr">The Veil Nebula lies around 2100 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus (The Swan), making it a relatively close neighbour in astronomical terms. Only a small portion of the nebula was captured in this image.</p>

<p dir="ltr"><strong>Also read|&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-resolves-the-mystery-of-blue-ring-nebula-reveal-stellar-missing-link-344087">NASA resolves the mystery of Blue Ring Nebula, reveal stellar missing link</a></strong></p>

<p dir="ltr">The Veil Nebula is the visible portion of the nearby Cygnus Loop, a supernova remnant formed roughly 10,000 years ago by the death of a massive star. The Veil Nebula’s progenitor star, which was 20 times the mass of the Sun, lived fast and died young, ending its life in a cataclysmic release of energy. Despite this stellar violence, the shockwaves and debris from the supernova sculpted the Veil Nebula’s delicate tracery of ionised gas,&nbsp;creating a scene of surprising astronomical beauty.</p>

<p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/C4JihreUQiI" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></p>

<p>Astronomers suspect that before the Veil Nebula’s source star exploded it expelled a strong stellar wind. This wind blew a large cavity into the surrounding interstellar gas. As the shock wave from the supernova expands outwards, it encounters the walls of this cavity — and forms the nebula’s distinctive structures. Bright filaments are produced as the shock wave interacts with a relatively dense cavity wall, whilst fainter structures are generated by regions nearly devoid of material. The Veil Nebula’s colourful appearance is generated by variations in the temperatures and densities of the chemical elements present.</p>

<p>The blue coloured features, outlining the cavity wall, appear smooth and curved in comparison to the fluffy green and red coloured ones. This is because the gas traced by the blue filter has more recently encountered the nebula’s shock wave, thus still maintain the original shape of the shock front. These features also contain hotter gas than the red and green coloured ones.&nbsp;The latter excited longer ago and have subsequently diffused into more chaotic structures.</p>

<p>Hidden amongst these bright, chaotic structures lie a few thin, sharply edged, red coloured filaments. These faint hydrogen emission features are created through a totally different mechanism than that which generates their fluffy red companions, and they provide scientists with a snapshot of the shock front. The red colour arises after gas is swept into the shock wave,&nbsp;which is moving at almost 1.5 million kilometres per hour, and the hydrogen within the gas is excited by particle collisions right at the shock front itself.</p>

<p>Despite utilising six full Hubble fields of view, these new WFC3 images cover just a tiny fraction of the nebula’s outer limb. Located on the west side of the supernova remnant, this section of the outer shell is in a region known as&nbsp;NGC 6960&nbsp;or&nbsp;more colloquially the Witch’s Broom Nebula.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>


The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Hubble Telescope has released a stunning image of the Veil Nebula bringing out fine details of the it’s delicate threads and filaments of ionised gas.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Hubble Telescope has released a stunning image of the Veil Nebula bringing out fine details of the it’s delicate threads and filaments of ionised gas. To create this colourful image, observations taken by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 instrument through 5 different filters were used. The new post-processing methods have further enhanced details of emissions from doubly ionised oxygen (seen here in blues), ionised hydrogen and ionised nitrogen (seen here in reds). The Veil Nebula lies around 2100 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus (The Swan), making it a relatively close neighbour in astronomical terms. Only a small portion of the nebula was captured in this image. Also read| NASA resolves the mystery of Blue Ring Nebula, reveal stellar missing link The Veil Nebula is the visible portion of the nearby Cygnus Loop, a supernova remnant formed roughly 10,000 years ago by the death of a massive star. The Veil Nebula’s progenitor star, which was 20 times the mass of the Sun, lived fast and died young, ending its life in a cataclysmic release of energy. Despite this stellar violence, the shockwaves and debris from the supernova sculpted the Veil Nebula’s delicate tracery of ionised gas, creating a scene of surprising astronomical beauty. Astronomers suspect that before the Veil Nebula’s source star exploded it expelled a strong stellar wind. This wind blew a large cavity into the surrounding interstellar gas. As the shock wave from the supernova expands outwards, it encounters the walls of this cavity — and forms the nebula’s distinctive structures. Bright filaments are produced as the shock wave interacts with a relatively dense cavity wall, whilst fainter structures are generated by regions nearly devoid of material. The Veil Nebula’s colourful appearance is generated by variations in the temperatures and densities of the chemical elements present. The blue coloured features, outlining the cavity wall, appear smooth and curved in comparison to the fluffy green and red coloured ones. This is because the gas traced by the blue filter has more recently encountered the nebula’s shock wave, thus still maintain the original shape of the shock front. These features also contain hotter gas than the red and green coloured ones. The latter excited longer ago and have subsequently diffused into more chaotic structures. Hidden amongst these bright, chaotic structures lie a few thin, sharply edged, red coloured filaments. These faint hydrogen emission features are created through a totally different mechanism than that which generates their fluffy red companions, and they provide scientists with a snapshot of the shock front. The red colour arises after gas is swept into the shock wave, which is moving at almost 1.5 million kilometres per hour, and the hydrogen within the gas is excited by particle collisions right at the shock front itself. Despite utilising six full Hubble fields of view, these new WFC3 images cover just a tiny fraction of the nebula’s outer limb. Located on the west side of the supernova remnant, this section of the outer shell is in a region known as NGC 6960 or more colloquially the Witch’s Broom Nebula.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captures stunning image of Veil Nebula

<p>NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has detected that&nbsp;torrential outflows from infant stars may not stop them from growing.</p>

<p>The unexpected discovery made in the study, which will appear in&nbsp;an upcoming issue of The Astrophysical Journal, may change&nbsp;our understanding of star formation.</p>

<p><strong>Also read|&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-spacecraft-unveils-dark-origins-of-jupiters-mysterious-auroral-storms-for-first-time-371195" hreflang="en">NASA's Juno spacecraft unveils dark origins of Jupiter's mysterious auroral storms for first time</a></strong></p>

<p>It has been assumed that a newly forming star blows off a lot of hot gas through lightsaber-shaped outflowing jets and hurricane-like winds launched from the encircling disk by powerful magnetic fields. These fireworks should squelch further growth of the central star. But a new, comprehensive Hubble survey shows that this most common explanation doesn't seem to work, leaving astronomers puzzled.</p>

<p>Researchers used data previously collected from NASA's Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes and the European Space Agency's Herschel Space Telescope to analyze 304 developing stars, called protostars, in the Orion Complex, the nearest major star-forming region to Earth. (Spitzer and Herschel are no longer operational).</p>

<p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rO-mcWsqLaQ" width="560"></iframe></p>

<p>In this largest-ever survey of nascent stars to date, researchers are finding that gas-clearing by a star's outflow may not be as important in determining its final mass as conventional theories suggest. The researchers' goal was to determine whether stellar outflows halt the infall of gas onto a star and stop it from growing.</p>

<p>Instead, they found that the cavities in the surrounding gas cloud sculpted by a forming star's outflow did not grow regularly as they matured, as theories propose.</p>

<p>"In one stellar formation model, if you start out with a small cavity, as the protostar rapidly becomes more evolved, its outflow creates an ever-larger cavity until the surrounding gas is eventually blown away, leaving an isolated star," explained lead researcher Nolan Habel of the University of Toledo in Ohio.</p>

<p>"Our observations indicate there is no progressive growth that we can find, so the cavities are not growing until they push out all of the mass in the cloud. So, there must be some other process going on that gets rid of the gas that doesn't end up in the star."</p>

<p><strong>A Star is Born</strong></p>

<p>During a star's relatively brief birthing stage, lasting only about 500,000 years, the star quickly bulks up on mass. What gets messy is that, as the star grows, it launches a wind, as well as a pair of spinning, lawn-sprinkler-style jets shooting off in opposite directions. These outflows begin to eat away at the surrounding cloud, creating cavities in the gas.</p>

<p>Popular theories predict that as the young star evolves and the outflows continue, the cavities grow wider until the entire gas cloud around the star is completely pushed away. With its gas tank empty, the star stops accreting mass – in other words, it stops growing.</p>

<p>To look for cavity growth, the researchers first sorted the protostars by age by analyzing Herschel and Spitzer data of each star's light output. The protostars in the Hubble observations were also observed as part of the Herschel telescope's Herschel Orion Protostar Survey.</p>

<p>Then the astronomers observed the cavities in near-infrared light with Hubble's Near-infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer and Wide Field Camera 3. The observations were taken between 2008 and 2017. Although the stars themselves are shrouded in dust, they emit powerful radiation which strikes the cavity walls and scatters off dust grains, illuminating the gaps in the gaseous envelopes in infrared light.</p>

<p>The Hubble images reveal the details of the cavities produced by protostars at various stages of evolution. Habel's team used the images to measure the structures' shapes and estimate the volumes of gas cleared out to form the cavities. From this analysis, they could estimate the amount of mass that had been cleared out by the stars' outbursts.<br />
<br />
"We find that at the end of the protostellar phase, where most of the gas has fallen from the surrounding cloud onto the star, a number of young stars still have fairly narrow cavities," said team member Tom Megeath of the University of Toledo. "So, this picture that is still commonly held of what determines the mass of a star and what halts the infall of gas is that this growing outflow cavity scoops up all of the gas. This has been pretty fundamental to our idea of how star formation proceeds, but it just doesn't seem to fit the data here."</p>

<p>Future telescopes such as NASA's upcoming James Webb Space Telescope will probe deeper into a protostar's formation process. Webb spectroscopic observations will observe the inner regions of disks surrounding protostars in infrared light, looking for jets in the youngest sources. Webb also will help astronomers measure the accretion rate of material from the disk onto the star, and study how the inner disk is interacting with the outflow.</p>


NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has detected that torrential outflows from infant stars may not stop them from growing. The unexpected discovery made in the study, which will appear in an upcoming issue of The Astrophysical Journal, may change our understanding of star formation.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has detected that torrential outflows from infant stars may not stop them from growing. The unexpected discovery made in the study, which will appear in an upcoming issue of The Astrophysical Journal, may change our understanding of star formation. Also read| NASA's Juno spacecraft unveils dark origins of Jupiter's mysterious auroral storms for first time It has been assumed that a newly forming star blows off a lot of hot gas through lightsaber-shaped outflowing jets and hurricane-like winds launched from the encircling disk by powerful magnetic fields. These fireworks should squelch further growth of the central star. But a new, comprehensive Hubble survey shows that this most common explanation doesn't seem to work, leaving astronomers puzzled. Researchers used data previously collected from NASA's Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes and the European Space Agency's Herschel Space Telescope to analyze 304 developing stars, called protostars, in the Orion Complex, the nearest major star-forming region to Earth. (Spitzer and Herschel are no longer operational). In this largest-ever survey of nascent stars to date, researchers are finding that gas-clearing by a star's outflow may not be as important in determining its final mass as conventional theories suggest. The researchers' goal was to determine whether stellar outflows halt the infall of gas onto a star and stop it from growing. Instead, they found that the cavities in the surrounding gas cloud sculpted by a forming star's outflow did not grow regularly as they matured, as theories propose. "In one stellar formation model, if you start out with a small cavity, as the protostar rapidly becomes more evolved, its outflow creates an ever-larger cavity until the surrounding gas is eventually blown away, leaving an isolated star," explained lead researcher Nolan Habel of the University of Toledo in Ohio. "Our observations indicate there is no progressive growth that we can find, so the cavities are not growing until they push out all of the mass in the cloud. So, there must be some other process going on that gets rid of the gas that doesn't end up in the star." A Star is Born During a star's relatively brief birthing stage, lasting only about 500,000 years, the star quickly bulks up on mass. What gets messy is that, as the star grows, it launches a wind, as well as a pair of spinning, lawn-sprinkler-style jets shooting off in opposite directions. These outflows begin to eat away at the surrounding cloud, creating cavities in the gas. Popular theories predict that as the young star evolves and the outflows continue, the cavities grow wider until the entire gas cloud around the star is completely pushed away. With its gas tank empty, the star stops accreting mass – in other words, it stops growing. To look for cavity growth, the researchers first sorted the protostars by age by analyzing Herschel and Spitzer data of each star's light output. The protostars in the Hubble observations were also observed as part of the Herschel telescope's Herschel Orion Protostar Survey. Then the astronomers observed the cavities in near-infrared light with Hubble's Near-infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer and Wide Field Camera 3. The observations were taken between 2008 and 2017. Although the stars themselves are shrouded in dust, they emit powerful radiation which strikes the cavity walls and scatters off dust grains, illuminating the gaps in the gaseous envelopes in infrared light. The Hubble images reveal the details of the cavities produced by protostars at various stages of evolution. Habel's team used the images to measure the structures' shapes and estimate the volumes of gas cleared out to form the cavities. From this analysis, they could estimate the amount of mass that had been cleared out by the stars' outbursts. "We find that at the end of the protostellar phase, where most of the gas has fallen from the surrounding cloud onto the star, a number of young stars still have fairly narrow cavities," said team member Tom Megeath of the University of Toledo. "So, this picture that is still commonly held of what determines the mass of a star and what halts the infall of gas is that this growing outflow cavity scoops up all of the gas. This has been pretty fundamental to our idea of how star formation proceeds, but it just doesn't seem to fit the data here." Future telescopes such as NASA's upcoming James Webb Space Telescope will probe deeper into a protostar's formation process. Webb spectroscopic observations will observe the inner regions of disks surrounding protostars in infrared light, looking for jets in the youngest sources. Webb also will help astronomers measure the accretion rate of material from the disk onto the star, and study how the inner disk is interacting with the outflow.

Astronomers detect torrential outflows from infant stars may not stop them from growing

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