The President of Cop28, Sultan Al Jaber, has claimed that there is "no science" indicating that a phase-out of fossil fuels is needed to restrict global heating to 1.5°C. Al Jaber's comments have attracted widespread criticism. Should oil leaders head climate summits?

Gravitas:  Climate summit head questions science behind phasing out fossil fuel

Climate change is real. No matter what some politicians say to make it sound like a 'hoax'. It is real and it is here. The issue is directly connected with survival of humankind. In previous decades, scientists have been warning about global warming, greenhouse gases and many other aspects connected to the crisis. Climate change is no longer a future possibility, we are already witnessing the effects, just as scientists had predicted.

Regions across the world are witnessing these effects and populations have begun to experience negative effects. This may become a ticking time bomb which may put strain on our healthcare as well as disaster management capacities. Effects of climate change can also reverse progress we've made in medical field over decades.

"Extreme weather events are becoming extreme health events," said Martin Edlund, CEO of Malaria No More, a global health nonprofit. Edlund was quoted by Reuters.

<h2>Mosquitoes infest new regions</h2>

A link between climate change and mosquitoes appears a bit strange at first look as usual conversation around climate change tends to revolve around melting ice-caps, rising sea levels and so on.

But there indeed is a link between mosquito infestation and climate change.

Watch | Climate change and its impact on mental health

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As average global temperature shows uptick, regions which were previously inhospitable to mosquito growth due to colder temperatures are now becoming more conducive to their growth. This has made vector-borne disease a common occurrence in regions which were previously not among the most vulnerable.

Warmer conditions and heavier rains in these regions are making it easier for mosquitoes to breed. As a result, pathogens causing dengue, malaria, Zika, West Nile etc., are spreading to more countries.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/climate-change-part-of-the-problem-behind-brazils-all-time-temperature-record-661191">Brazil sees all-time temperature record, climate change partly to blame</a>

According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report cited by Reuters, cases of dengue rose to more than 5 million in 2019 from around half a million in the year 2000.

Edlund reportedly said that dengue cases in Brazil saw an uptick of 73 per cent against the five-year average. Bangladesh, the South Asian country has witnessed a record outbreak of dengue.

Climate change is also causing massive increase in cases of malaria. In the year 2022, more 5 million cases were detected than the year before, according to WHO's World Malaria Report.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/climate-change-is-costing-us-usd-16-million-per-hour-study-644591">Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour: Study</a>

The report cited Pakistan floods that hit the country last year, culminated in 400 per cent increase in malaria cases.

Malaria cases are now found even in highlands of Africa where the climate was prviously cold for mosquitoes.

Scientists are working on malaria vaccines and it is expected that two will be available next year. But this definitely does not mean that we should stop taking efforts to combat spread of the disease.

<h2>Troubled waters</h2>

Scientists have been warning that climate change will result in increased intensity and impact of natural calamities like cyclone, floods and more. We have already begun to witness this.

Storms and flooding are leading to easy spread of other water-borne diseases too. And even here, there is a danger that decades of progress in medical science will come to a nought.

Take cholera for example. It is an intenstinal infection caused and spread due to contaminated water and food. Without medical help, cholera can result in death in matter of hours. But years of advancement in the medical field has meant that cholera is not the dreaded disease it once was.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/climate-change-uniting-the-threads-of-causes-consequences-and-visible-impacts-620218">Climate Change: Uniting the threads of causes, consequences, and visible impacts</a>

However, it has been reported that the cases are on the rise again, even in the countries which had nearly eradicated the disease.

Numbers with the WHO say that cholera cases were reported in 44 countries last year. This amounted to a 25 per cent increase as comapred to numbers in 2021. In its findings the WHO has taken cognisance of effect of cyclones, drought, floods and other calamities which resulted in limited supply of clean water. Such calamities also helped bacteria to thrive.

The global health agency has noted that outbreaks of cholera oberved recently have resulted in far more deaths and higher fatality rate in more than a decade.

Climate change is helping spread of diarrhoea as well. Climate change has led to irregular rainfall which often results in wet or dry conditions.

Only pneumonia kills more children under the age of 5 than diarrhoea in the world.

<h2>Wildfires and heat-stress</h2>

Increasing average temperatures have made forests drier. This has made devastating wildfires a regular occurence compared to before.

In addition to this, heat stress has become a major issue caused by climate change. It is now projected that hundreds of millions of people as temperatures rise in next few decades.

The average world temperature is already around 1.1 degrees Celsius that that in pre-idustrial times. It was seen that in the year 2022, people across the world faced average of 86 days of temperatures that were dangerously high, said a report from Lancet medical journal published last month.

(With inputs from agencies)

Climate change is real. No matter what some politicians say to make it sound like a 'hoax'. It is real and it is here. The issue is directly connected with survival of humankind.

Climate change is real. No matter what some politicians say to make it sound like a 'hoax'. It is real and it is here. The issue is directly connected with survival of humankind. In previous decades, scientists have been warning about global warming, greenhouse gases and many other aspects connected to the crisis. Climate change is no longer a future possibility, we are already witnessing the effects, just as scientists had predicted. Regions across the world are witnessing these effects and populations have begun to experience negative effects. This may become a ticking time bomb which may put strain on our healthcare as well as disaster management capacities. Effects of climate change can also reverse progress we've made in medical field over decades. "Extreme weather events are becoming extreme health events," said Martin Edlund, CEO of Malaria No More, a global health nonprofit. Edlund was quoted by Reuters. Mosquitoes infest new regions A link between climate change and mosquitoes appears a bit strange at first look as usual conversation around climate change tends to revolve around melting ice-caps, rising sea levels and so on. But there indeed is a link between mosquito infestation and climate change. Watch | Climate change and its impact on mental health × As average global temperature shows uptick, regions which were previously inhospitable to mosquito growth due to colder temperatures are now becoming more conducive to their growth. This has made vector-borne disease a common occurrence in regions which were previously not among the most vulnerable. Warmer conditions and heavier rains in these regions are making it easier for mosquitoes to breed. As a result, pathogens causing dengue, malaria, Zika, West Nile etc., are spreading to more countries. Also Read | Brazil sees all-time temperature record, climate change partly to blame According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report cited by Reuters, cases of dengue rose to more than 5 million in 2019 from around half a million in the year 2000. Edlund reportedly said that dengue cases in Brazil saw an uptick of 73 per cent against the five-year average. Bangladesh, the South Asian country has witnessed a record outbreak of dengue. Climate change is also causing massive increase in cases of malaria. In the year 2022, more 5 million cases were detected than the year before, according to WHO's World Malaria Report. Also Read | Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour: Study The report cited Pakistan floods that hit the country last year, culminated in 400 per cent increase in malaria cases. Malaria cases are now found even in highlands of Africa where the climate was prviously cold for mosquitoes. Scientists are working on malaria vaccines and it is expected that two will be available next year. But this definitely does not mean that we should stop taking efforts to combat spread of the disease. Troubled waters Scientists have been warning that climate change will result in increased intensity and impact of natural calamities like cyclone, floods and more. We have already begun to witness this. Storms and flooding are leading to easy spread of other water-borne diseases too. And even here, there is a danger that decades of progress in medical science will come to a nought. Take cholera for example. It is an intenstinal infection caused and spread due to contaminated water and food. Without medical help, cholera can result in death in matter of hours. But years of advancement in the medical field has meant that cholera is not the dreaded disease it once was. Also Read | Climate Change: Uniting the threads of causes, consequences, and visible impacts However, it has been reported that the cases are on the rise again, even in the countries which had nearly eradicated the disease. Numbers with the WHO say that cholera cases were reported in 44 countries last year. This amounted to a 25 per cent increase as comapred to numbers in 2021. In its findings the WHO has taken cognisance of effect of cyclones, drought, floods and other calamities which resulted in limited supply of clean water. Such calamities also helped bacteria to thrive. The global health agency has noted that outbreaks of cholera oberved recently have resulted in far more deaths and higher fatality rate in more than a decade. Climate change is helping spread of diarrhoea as well. Climate change has led to irregular rainfall which often results in wet or dry conditions. Only pneumonia kills more children under the age of 5 than diarrhoea in the world. Wildfires and heat-stress Increasing average temperatures have made forests drier. This has made devastating wildfires a regular occurence compared to before. In addition to this, heat stress has become a major issue caused by climate change. It is now projected that hundreds of millions of people as temperatures rise in next few decades. The average world temperature is already around 1.1 degrees Celsius that that in pre-idustrial times. It was seen that in the year 2022, people across the world faced average of 86 days of temperatures that were dangerously high, said a report from Lancet medical journal published last month. (With inputs from agencies)

Explained | This is how climate change is causing health issues around the world

New data from the Climate Trace project shows&nbsp;that electricity generation in China and India, along with oil and gas production in the US, has driven the most significant increases in global greenhouse gas emissions since the signing of the Paris climate agreement in 2015.

The findings shift focus to&nbsp;the challenge of accurately reporting emissions, with many countries and companies failing to fulfil their obligations under the Paris Agreement.

<h2>Rising methane emissions despite pledges</h2>

The data also reveals a rise in methane emissions, a greenhouse gas 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide.

Over 100 countries pledged to reduce methane emissions, yet the latest figures indicate an increase.

Coal mines in China notably contributed to the surge in methane emissions between 2021 and 2022.

Also watch |&nbsp;COP28 Summit: Could the world agree to ditch fossil fuels at COP28?

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China, however, has recently committed to including methane in its national climate plans and is collaborating with the US to address this issue.

As more than 190 countries convene in Dubai for the COP28 UN climate summit, the focus is on the "global stocktake," assessing progress toward the emissions cuts necessary to stay within the 1.5ºC temperature limit set by the Paris Agreement.

Al Gore, co-founder of Climate Trace, pointed out to&nbsp;The Guardian the importance of accurate emissions information and the project's role in pinpointing emission sources through satellite images and AI software.

“Climate Trace is filling a vacuum that is presently virtually devoid of accurate information. We can break down exactly where emissions are coming from, facility by facility. If the problem is greenhouse gas emissions, it only makes sense to find out where they’re coming from,” he said.&nbsp;

Scientists stress the urgency of sharp cuts to methane to mitigate the worst impacts of global heating.

Cooperation on methane reduction at the COP28 summit is viewed as a positive step that could potentially help keep the 1.5C target achievable.

Methane reductions, along with cuts to other short-lived pollutants, could contribute significantly to lowering global temperature increases by up to 0.3C.

Over 50 oil and gas companies at COP28 have joined a "decarbonisation accelerator" to reduce the climate impact of their operations.

However, critics argue that the voluntary nature of the pledge makes accountability challenging, and stronger legal agreements are needed for a substantial phase-out of fossil fuels.

Climate Trace data also reveals a rebound in emissions from aviation post-Covid&nbsp;lockdowns. Carbon emissions from international flights surged by 74 per cent&nbsp;between 2021 and 2022, while domestic flight emissions rose by 18 per cent&nbsp;during the same period. Road transport emissions increased by 3.5 per cent&nbsp;potentially linked to the rise in SUV sales.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-cop28-five-passionate-environmentalists-who-are-restoring-indias-biodiversity-tirelessly-665225">Also read |&nbsp;COP28: Five passionate environmentalists who are restoring India's biodiversity tirelessly</a>

<h2>Deforestation decline offers a positive note</h2>

Amidst the concerning trends, there is positive news regarding deforestation. Key regions, including the Congo Basin, have witnessed a drop in emissions from forest degradation and destruction. In 2022, emissions in the Congo Basin decreased by up to 19 per cent compared to the previous year.

(With inputs from agencies)

New data from the Climate Trace project shows that electricity generation in China and India, along with oil and gas production in the US, has driven the most significant increases in global greenhouse gas emissions since the signing of the Paris climate agreement in 2015.

New data from the Climate Trace project shows that electricity generation in China and India, along with oil and gas production in the US, has driven the most significant increases in global greenhouse gas emissions since the signing of the Paris climate agreement in 2015. The findings shift focus to the challenge of accurately reporting emissions, with many countries and companies failing to fulfil their obligations under the Paris Agreement. Rising methane emissions despite pledges The data also reveals a rise in methane emissions, a greenhouse gas 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide. Over 100 countries pledged to reduce methane emissions, yet the latest figures indicate an increase. Coal mines in China notably contributed to the surge in methane emissions between 2021 and 2022. Also watch | COP28 Summit: Could the world agree to ditch fossil fuels at COP28? China, however, has recently committed to including methane in its national climate plans and is collaborating with the US to address this issue. As more than 190 countries convene in Dubai for the COP28 UN climate summit, the focus is on the "global stocktake," assessing progress toward the emissions cuts necessary to stay within the 1.5ºC temperature limit set by the Paris Agreement. Al Gore, co-founder of Climate Trace, pointed out to The Guardian the importance of accurate emissions information and the project's role in pinpointing emission sources through satellite images and AI software. “Climate Trace is filling a vacuum that is presently virtually devoid of accurate information. We can break down exactly where emissions are coming from, facility by facility. If the problem is greenhouse gas emissions, it only makes sense to find out where they’re coming from,” he said. Scientists stress the urgency of sharp cuts to methane to mitigate the worst impacts of global heating. Cooperation on methane reduction at the COP28 summit is viewed as a positive step that could potentially help keep the 1.5C target achievable. Methane reductions, along with cuts to other short-lived pollutants, could contribute significantly to lowering global temperature increases by up to 0.3C. Over 50 oil and gas companies at COP28 have joined a "decarbonisation accelerator" to reduce the climate impact of their operations. However, critics argue that the voluntary nature of the pledge makes accountability challenging, and stronger legal agreements are needed for a substantial phase-out of fossil fuels. Climate Trace data also reveals a rebound in emissions from aviation post-Covid lockdowns. Carbon emissions from international flights surged by 74 per cent between 2021 and 2022, while domestic flight emissions rose by 18 per cent during the same period. Road transport emissions increased by 3.5 per cent potentially linked to the rise in SUV sales. Also read | COP28: Five passionate environmentalists who are restoring India's biodiversity tirelessly Deforestation decline offers a positive note Amidst the concerning trends, there is positive news regarding deforestation. Key regions, including the Congo Basin, have witnessed a drop in emissions from forest degradation and destruction. In 2022, emissions in the Congo Basin decreased by up to 19 per cent compared to the previous year. (With inputs from agencies)

Surge in greenhouse gas emissions points to China, US, and India as primary culprits: Data

In line with a global initiative to reduce emissions that fuel climate change, the Biden administration unveiled final regulations on Saturday that aim to severely restrict methane emissions from the US oil and gas industry. US officials unveiled the regulations, which had been in the works for two years, during the COP28 climate change conference held in Dubai.

COP28 UAE: US unveils strategy at COP 28 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from gas and oil

The COP28 Summit has started on a grim note in Dubai. This year 2023 is set to become the hottest year on record climate in 2023. Months before the end of the year we can already declare that 2023 is the hottest here recorded in human history.

India, UAE are partners in green, prosperous future, COP28 will boost climate action: PM Modi

Environment Minister Bhupender Singh Yadav Addresses Climate Action Measures at India Global Forum. Adaption, mitigation and individual efforts are needed to save the world, says Bhupender Yadav.

Adaption & individual efforts are needed to save the world: Bhupender Yadav, Environment minister

COP28 climate summit head Sultan Ahmed al-Jaber notched a win on the first official day of talks in Dubai, with the adoption of an agreement to set up a "loss and damage" fund to help developing nations.

COP28 Summit: Climate aid fund established on first day of Dubai summit

The cop 28 Summit has started on a grim note in Dubai. This year 2023 is set to become the hottest year on record climate in 2023. Months before the end of the year we can already declare that 2023 is the hottest here recorded in human history.

Indian PM Narendra Modi attends COP28, delegates from nearly 200 countries gather

Day 2 of the 28th Annual un climate Summit and discussions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and effectively combat climate change will go on over the next two weeks. World leaders gathered for a family photo on the first day of the leader Summit.

COP28 Summit: World leaders gather to discuss ways to climate change

Climate disaster fund approved at UN’s COP28 climate summit

COP28: The time for action on global warming is now

The UN Climate Change Conference, COP28, set to take place in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from November 30 to December 12, 2023, marks a significant global effort to address climate change.

With over 70,000 delegates expected to attend, the conference becomes a crucial platform for nations worldwide to deliberate on climate policies, set emission targets, and collaborate on solutions to combat the escalating climate crisis.

India, among the most prominent developing nations and a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, assumes a crucial role in the discussions at COP28. With a population exceeding one billion, India is confronted with the dual challenge of striving for ambitious climate objectives while ensuring fairness in climate actions.

Follow this <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/cop28-summit-dubai-live-spotlight-on-global-leaders-for-urgent-action-over-climate-crisis-664484">blog</a> for all the live updates on COP28.

<h2>Overview of COP28</h2>

Officially designated as the 28th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), COP28 serves as the world's premier multilateral decision-making forum on climate change.

This annual gathering involves nearly every country globally, facilitating discussions, negotiations, and agreements aimed at shaping international climate policies.

<h2>Significance amid geopolitical challenges</h2>

The backdrop of COP28 is marked by geopolitical challenges, including the aftermath of the Israel-Hamas conflict and Russia's ongoing military operations in Ukraine.

These geopolitical dynamics add an additional layer of complexity to the negotiations, as nations come together to address climate change against a backdrop of global uncertainties.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uae-using-cop28-summit-platform-to-strike-deals-with-oil-companies-report-663564">Also read |&nbsp;UAE using COP28 summit platform to strike deals with oil companies: Report</a>

<h2>India's crucial role at COP28</h2>

As one of the largest developing nations and a significant emitter of greenhouse gases, India plays a pivotal role in the discussions at COP28. With a population exceeding a billion people, India faces the dual challenge of ensuring ambitious climate goals while maintaining equity in climate actions.

Negotiations for India at COP28 will hinge on striking a delicate balance – pursuing ambitious targets while recognizing the unique developmental challenges faced by the nation.

<h3>Key themes to watch at COP28</h3>

Several critical themes will dominate the discussions at COP28:

<ol>
	<li>
	Emissions mitigation targets: Countries will engage in negotiations to set ambitious emissions reduction targets, aligning with the broader goal of limiting global temperature rise.
	</li>
	<li>
	Phase-out of fossil fuels: The imperative to transition away from fossil fuels will be a central theme. While developed nations may push for an accelerated phase-out, developing countries, including India, face challenges in balancing energy security needs with emission reduction goals.
	</li>
	<li>
	Financing from developed nations: The provision of financial support from developed to developing nations for climate mitigation and adaptation efforts will be a contentious issue. India, like other developing countries, will stress on&nbsp;the need for substantial financial assistance.
	</li>
	<li>
	Industry-led solutions: COP28 will likely witness discussions on harnessing industry-led innovations to drive sustainable development and reduce carbon footprints.
	</li>
	<li>
	Low-carbon innovation: Emphasis on fostering low-carbon innovations and technologies will be a key aspect of the conference, with a focus on creating a pathway for a sustainable future.
	</li>
	<li>
	Differences between developed and developing nations: Bridging the gaps between developed and developing nations remains a persistent challenge. Negotiations will strive to address historical imbalances and ensure that climate actions are fair and just.
	</li>
	<li>
	Progress on operationalising Paris Agreement article: COP28 will assess progress on operationalizing the various aspects of the Paris Agreement, including mechanisms for reporting and transparency.
	</li>
	<li>
	Reforming the role of private sector investment: The role of private sector investment in climate actions will be under scrutiny, with discussions on how private capital can be effectively mobilized to address climate challenges.
	</li>
	<li>
	Proxy for other issues and relations restoration: Climate negotiations often serve as a proxy for broader international relations. COP28 may witness discussions reflecting geopolitical dynamics, providing an opportunity for nations to rebuild relationships.
	</li>
</ol>

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/at-cop28-big-meat-companies-to-present-meat-as-sustainable-nutrition-664355">Also read |&nbsp;At COP28, big meat companies to present meat as ‘sustainable nutrition’</a>

<h2>India's challenges at COP28</h2>

India faces several challenges and points of contention at COP28:

<ol>
	<li>
	Methane emissions from agriculture: India's high methane emissions from agriculture, termed "survival emissions," pose a challenge. Balancing the need for emission reduction with the livelihoods dependent on agriculture becomes a delicate negotiation point.
	</li>
	<li>
	Luxury emissions: There is a call for India to reduce "luxury emissions," encompassing emissions from sectors like oil and gas and waste, contributing to methane emissions. This demand requires a nuanced approach considering the impact on various sectors and India's broader developmental goals.
	</li>
	<li>
	Loss and damage finance: With India experiencing an increasing frequency of extreme weather events, emphasizing "loss and damage finance" becomes crucial. This involves addressing economic, non-economic, and ecological losses due to climate change impacts.
	</li>
	<li>
	Coal dependence and fossil fuel phase-out: India's reliance on coal for power production remains a contentious issue. Immediate shutdown proposals for coal-fired power plants clash with India's emphasis on energy security.
	</li>
	<li>
	Financial support for renewable energy: While India transitions towards cleaner energy sources, securing financial support for green energy corridors and grid infrastructure development is imperative. The financial assistance needed aligns with the G20 New Delhi Leaders Declaration, emphasizing the requirement for significant funds.
	</li>
	<li>
	Emission reduction proposals: Any proposal suggesting a reduction in India's emissions faces resistance. India frames its climate actions in terms of emissions intensity, focusing on emissions per unit of GDP rather than setting absolute emission reduction targets.
	</li>
</ol>

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/us-president-joe-biden-to-skip-cop28-climate-summit-confirms-white-house-663274">Also read |&nbsp;US President Joe Biden to skip COP28 climate summit, says White House</a>

The two-week summit will include a "global stocktake" to assess progress toward keeping global warming below 1.5°C. The talks may extend beyond the scheduled period as delegates finalise the communique.

COP28 emerges as a critical juncture for global climate action, with India navigating challenges to ensure a balanced and equitable approach to emissions reduction and sustainable development.

(With inputs from agencies)

The UN Climate Change Conference, COP28, set to take place in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from November 30 to December 12, 2023, marks a significant global effort to address climate change.

The UN Climate Change Conference, COP28, set to take place in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from November 30 to December 12, 2023, marks a significant global effort to address climate change. With over 70,000 delegates expected to attend, the conference becomes a crucial platform for nations worldwide to deliberate on climate policies, set emission targets, and collaborate on solutions to combat the escalating climate crisis. India, among the most prominent developing nations and a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, assumes a crucial role in the discussions at COP28. With a population exceeding one billion, India is confronted with the dual challenge of striving for ambitious climate objectives while ensuring fairness in climate actions. Follow this blog for all the live updates on COP28. Overview of COP28 Officially designated as the 28th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), COP28 serves as the world's premier multilateral decision-making forum on climate change. This annual gathering involves nearly every country globally, facilitating discussions, negotiations, and agreements aimed at shaping international climate policies. Significance amid geopolitical challenges The backdrop of COP28 is marked by geopolitical challenges, including the aftermath of the Israel-Hamas conflict and Russia's ongoing military operations in Ukraine. These geopolitical dynamics add an additional layer of complexity to the negotiations, as nations come together to address climate change against a backdrop of global uncertainties. Also read | UAE using COP28 summit platform to strike deals with oil companies: Report India's crucial role at COP28 As one of the largest developing nations and a significant emitter of greenhouse gases, India plays a pivotal role in the discussions at COP28. With a population exceeding a billion people, India faces the dual challenge of ensuring ambitious climate goals while maintaining equity in climate actions. Negotiations for India at COP28 will hinge on striking a delicate balance – pursuing ambitious targets while recognizing the unique developmental challenges faced by the nation. Key themes to watch at COP28 Several critical themes will dominate the discussions at COP28: Emissions mitigation targets: Countries will engage in negotiations to set ambitious emissions reduction targets, aligning with the broader goal of limiting global temperature rise. Phase-out of fossil fuels: The imperative to transition away from fossil fuels will be a central theme. While developed nations may push for an accelerated phase-out, developing countries, including India, face challenges in balancing energy security needs with emission reduction goals. Financing from developed nations: The provision of financial support from developed to developing nations for climate mitigation and adaptation efforts will be a contentious issue. India, like other developing countries, will stress on the need for substantial financial assistance. Industry-led solutions: COP28 will likely witness discussions on harnessing industry-led innovations to drive sustainable development and reduce carbon footprints. Low-carbon innovation: Emphasis on fostering low-carbon innovations and technologies will be a key aspect of the conference, with a focus on creating a pathway for a sustainable future. Differences between developed and developing nations: Bridging the gaps between developed and developing nations remains a persistent challenge. Negotiations will strive to address historical imbalances and ensure that climate actions are fair and just. Progress on operationalising Paris Agreement article: COP28 will assess progress on operationalizing the various aspects of the Paris Agreement, including mechanisms for reporting and transparency. Reforming the role of private sector investment: The role of private sector investment in climate actions will be under scrutiny, with discussions on how private capital can be effectively mobilized to address climate challenges. Proxy for other issues and relations restoration: Climate negotiations often serve as a proxy for broader international relations. COP28 may witness discussions reflecting geopolitical dynamics, providing an opportunity for nations to rebuild relationships. Also read | At COP28, big meat companies to present meat as ‘sustainable nutrition’ India's challenges at COP28 India faces several challenges and points of contention at COP28: Methane emissions from agriculture: India's high methane emissions from agriculture, termed "survival emissions," pose a challenge. Balancing the need for emission reduction with the livelihoods dependent on agriculture becomes a delicate negotiation point. Luxury emissions: There is a call for India to reduce "luxury emissions," encompassing emissions from sectors like oil and gas and waste, contributing to methane emissions. This demand requires a nuanced approach considering the impact on various sectors and India's broader developmental goals. Loss and damage finance: With India experiencing an increasing frequency of extreme weather events, emphasizing "loss and damage finance" becomes crucial. This involves addressing economic, non-economic, and ecological losses due to climate change impacts. Coal dependence and fossil fuel phase-out: India's reliance on coal for power production remains a contentious issue. Immediate shutdown proposals for coal-fired power plants clash with India's emphasis on energy security. Financial support for renewable energy: While India transitions towards cleaner energy sources, securing financial support for green energy corridors and grid infrastructure development is imperative. The financial assistance needed aligns with the G20 New Delhi Leaders Declaration, emphasizing the requirement for significant funds. Emission reduction proposals: Any proposal suggesting a reduction in India's emissions faces resistance. India frames its climate actions in terms of emissions intensity, focusing on emissions per unit of GDP rather than setting absolute emission reduction targets. Also read | US President Joe Biden to skip COP28 climate summit, says White House The two-week summit will include a "global stocktake" to assess progress toward keeping global warming below 1.5°C. The talks may extend beyond the scheduled period as delegates finalise the communique. COP28 emerges as a critical juncture for global climate action, with India navigating challenges to ensure a balanced and equitable approach to emissions reduction and sustainable development. (With inputs from agencies)

Explained | Will India overcome climate challenges and spearhead change at COP28?

Prime Minister Narendra Modi and other world leaders are scheduled to attend the COP28 Summit, the yearly United Nations summit on climate change. The dates of the summit are November 30 to December 12. Delegates from almost 200 nations will be present at the summit, which is being hosted by conference host and OPEC member the UAE. They will be there to support the idea of a low-carbon future that embraces fossil fuels rather than rejects them.

COP28 begins in Dubai; PM Modi to attend summit, Pope Francis cancels Dubai visit

COP28 begins in Dubai; PM Modi to attend summit

Cadman Glacier on the west Antarctic Peninsula has shifted to 8 kilometres in just a matter of two-and-a-half years, as per the satellite images cited by a study. A study led by a glaciologist at the University of Leeds Benjamin Wallis, who used satellites to monitor the Cadman Glacier in the west Antarctic peninsula, unveiled that between November 2018 and May 2021, the glacier retreated eight kilometres as the ice shelf at its end collapsed.

The scientists said that Antarctic glaciers could undergo rapid changes and lose significant amounts of ice due to warmer ocean conditions. The collapsed ice shelf, if had remained intact, would have slowed down the glacier's movement towards the sea. Warmer ocean waters are believed to have surrounded the glacier, causing the ice shelf to thin and become ungrounded.

Consequently, the glacier's flow speed doubled, leading to increased ice discharge into the sea through iceberg calving.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/not-a-meteorite-but-indias-deccan-traps-led-to-extinction-of-dinosaurs-from-earth-study-664402">Not a meteorite, but India's Deccan Traps led to extinction of dinosaurs from Earth: Study</a>

Benjamin Wallis expressed surprise at the rapid deterioration of Cadman Glacier, stating, "We were surprised to see the speed at which Cadman went from being an apparently stable glacier to one where we see sudden deterioration and significant ice loss."

<h2>Neighbouring glaciers not affected much&nbsp;</h2>

Wallis pointed at the unique response of neighbouring glaciers, suggesting important insights for projecting climate change effects in the polar region. The Cadman Glacier is now in a state of "substantial dynamic imbalance," with ice elevation shrinking at a rate of around 20 metres per year.

Approximately 2.16 billion tonnes of ice is draining into the ocean annually.

The researchers, who spoke on the importance of long-term monitoring, integrated three decades of data from nine satellite missions and in-situ oceanographic measurements.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/whats-creating-hurdles-to-find-alien-worlds-something-as-trivial-as-haze-664389">What's creating hurdles to find alien worlds? Something as trivial as HAZE</a>

The study, titled "Ocean warming drives rapid dynamic activation of marine-terminating glacier on the west Antarctic Peninsula," was published in the scientific journal Nature Communications on November 28.

The Cadman Glacier's instability is attributed to unusually high ocean temperatures in 2018/19, gradually thinning the ice shelf since the early 2000s.

The researchers said that some of the neighbouring glaciers remained stable as analysis of subsea oceanographic data revealed subsea ridges acting as a defence, deflecting warmer water channels. However, the scientists warned that rising ocean temperatures could compromise the protective capacity of these ridges.

(With inputs from agencies)

Cadman Glacier on the west Antarctic Peninsula has shifted to 8 kilometres in just a matter of two-and-a-half years, as per the satellite images cited by a study.

Cadman Glacier on the west Antarctic Peninsula has shifted to 8 kilometres in just a matter of two-and-a-half years, as per the satellite images cited by a study. A study led by a glaciologist at the University of Leeds Benjamin Wallis, who used satellites to monitor the Cadman Glacier in the west Antarctic peninsula, unveiled that between November 2018 and May 2021, the glacier retreated eight kilometres as the ice shelf at its end collapsed. The scientists said that Antarctic glaciers could undergo rapid changes and lose significant amounts of ice due to warmer ocean conditions. The collapsed ice shelf, if had remained intact, would have slowed down the glacier's movement towards the sea. Warmer ocean waters are believed to have surrounded the glacier, causing the ice shelf to thin and become ungrounded. Consequently, the glacier's flow speed doubled, leading to increased ice discharge into the sea through iceberg calving. Also Read | Not a meteorite, but India's Deccan Traps led to extinction of dinosaurs from Earth: Study Benjamin Wallis expressed surprise at the rapid deterioration of Cadman Glacier, stating, "We were surprised to see the speed at which Cadman went from being an apparently stable glacier to one where we see sudden deterioration and significant ice loss." Neighbouring glaciers not affected much Wallis pointed at the unique response of neighbouring glaciers, suggesting important insights for projecting climate change effects in the polar region. The Cadman Glacier is now in a state of "substantial dynamic imbalance," with ice elevation shrinking at a rate of around 20 metres per year. Approximately 2.16 billion tonnes of ice is draining into the ocean annually. The researchers, who spoke on the importance of long-term monitoring, integrated three decades of data from nine satellite missions and in-situ oceanographic measurements. Also Read | What's creating hurdles to find alien worlds? Something as trivial as HAZE The study, titled "Ocean warming drives rapid dynamic activation of marine-terminating glacier on the west Antarctic Peninsula," was published in the scientific journal Nature Communications on November 28. The Cadman Glacier's instability is attributed to unusually high ocean temperatures in 2018/19, gradually thinning the ice shelf since the early 2000s. The researchers said that some of the neighbouring glaciers remained stable as analysis of subsea oceanographic data revealed subsea ridges acting as a defence, deflecting warmer water channels. However, the scientists warned that rising ocean temperatures could compromise the protective capacity of these ridges. (With inputs from agencies)

Cadman Glacier in Antarctic Peninsula shifts 8 kilometres in just 2.5 years

At COP28, nations grapple with the consequences of a year marked by record heat and drought. From assessing global climate progress to heated debates over the future of fossil fuels, this summit is a battleground of ideas and commitments.

Nations grapple with climate change urgency at COP28

Ahead of COP28 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Dubai, a study published earlier this week has claimed that billions of people are expected to be displaced within the next 25 years because of severe impacts of climate change.&nbsp;

Climate Change has been aggravating the severity of some natural disasters, ranging from the floods and wildfires to landslides and cloud bursts.&nbsp;

Also watch |&nbsp;UN chief urges world leaders to take decisive action against global warming

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The study by Ipsos revealed that nearly four in 10 people believe that they will lose their homes from impacts related to the climate change.&nbsp;

<h2>People in Turkey, Brazil and India most worried about losing homes</h2>

The Ipsos study surveyed over 24,000 individuals from across 31 countries between September 22 to October 6.&nbsp;

In total, 38 per cent of those surveyed said that they will likely be displaced in the next 25 years due to impacts related to climate change.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-will-cop28-implement-the-much-awaited-loss-and-damage-fund-663678">Explained: Will COP28 implement the much-awaited loss and damage fund?</a>

But people in Turkey, Brazil and India were most worried about losing their homes due to impacts related to climate change.

In Turkey, 68 per cent of people believe that they will lose their homes due to climate change in the next 25 years. The number was 61 per cent in Brazil and 57 per cent in India.&nbsp;

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

If the survey is deemed representative of the global population, the results from each of the 31 countries equate to more than two&nbsp;billion people fearing they will be displaced due to climate change.

<h2>Where&nbsp;are people least worried about losing&nbsp;their homes?</h2>

Of the 31 countries surveyed, people in the Netherlands were least concerned about losing their homes due to Climate Change. Just 19 per cent of Dutch respondents believe that&nbsp;they'd be displaced in the next 25 years due to the impacts of climate change.

(With inputs from agencies)

Ahead of COP28 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Dubai, a study published earlier this week has claimed that billions of people are expected to be displaced within the next 25 years because of severe impacts of climate change.

Ahead of COP28 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Dubai, a study published earlier this week has claimed that billions of people are expected to be displaced within the next 25 years because of severe impacts of climate change. Climate Change has been aggravating the severity of some natural disasters, ranging from the floods and wildfires to landslides and cloud bursts. Also watch | UN chief urges world leaders to take decisive action against global warming × The study by Ipsos revealed that nearly four in 10 people believe that they will lose their homes from impacts related to the climate change. People in Turkey, Brazil and India most worried about losing homes The Ipsos study surveyed over 24,000 individuals from across 31 countries between September 22 to October 6. In total, 38 per cent of those surveyed said that they will likely be displaced in the next 25 years due to impacts related to climate change. Also read | Explained: Will COP28 implement the much-awaited loss and damage fund? But people in Turkey, Brazil and India were most worried about losing their homes due to impacts related to climate change. In Turkey, 68 per cent of people believe that they will lose their homes due to climate change in the next 25 years. The number was 61 per cent in Brazil and 57 per cent in India. What does it mean? If the survey is deemed representative of the global population, the results from each of the 31 countries equate to more than two billion people fearing they will be displaced due to climate change. Where are people least worried about losing their homes? Of the 31 countries surveyed, people in the Netherlands were least concerned about losing their homes due to Climate Change. Just 19 per cent of Dutch respondents believe that they'd be displaced in the next 25 years due to the impacts of climate change. (With inputs from agencies)

Over 50% Indians fear they will lose their homes to climate change in next 25 years

The United Nations chief urges world leaders to take decisive action to tackle ever-worsening climate change when they gather at the COP28 summit in Dubai starting this week. "We are trapped in a deadly cycle," UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres says. "The solutions are well known."

COP28 Summit: Could the world agree to ditch fossil fuels at COP28?

COP28 Summit: Will countries agree to quit all fossil fuels?

COP28 president optimistic of stopping global warming

The world’s first transatlantic powered by 100 per cent Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) took off on Tuesday (Nov 28) from London and is currently en route to New York. The flight operated by Virgin Atlantic, dubbed Flight100, marked the first step in a potential low-carbon option as the world continues to grapple with the impact of climate change and is looking for ways in which it can lower the release of Earth-warming gases.&nbsp;

The large passenger powered by only alternative fuels operated by a Virgin Boeing 787 and powered by Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 engines plans to show that SAF is a safe replacement for fossil-derived jet fuel compatible with today’s engines, airframes and fuel infrastructure.

The flight took off from London’s Heathrow Airport at 1149 GMT and is scheduled to arrive at New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport at 1940 GMT.

The maiden flight also comes days ahead of the beginning of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uae-using-cop28-summit-platform-to-strike-deals-with-oil-companies-report-663564">COP28 climate talks</a> in Dubai which are expected to&nbsp;focus on the future role of fossil fuels, and whether countries should commit to phasing out the use of carbon emitting&nbsp;coal, oil and gas.

<h2>What is SAF?</h2>

The so-called SAF is typically made from renewable biomass and waste resources but is said to have the potential to deliver the performance of petroleum-based jet fuel but with a fraction of its carbon footprint. SAF can be made from a variety of sources, including crops and household waste.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sea-ice-around-antarctica-recedes-to-historically-low-levels-scientists-636821">Sea ice around Antarctica recedes to historically low levels: Scientists</a>

The SAF for Flight100 is made from a “unique duel blend” which includes 88 per cent of HEFA and 12 per cent of SAK, the former is said to be made from waste fats, while the latter is rest from the wastes of corn production in the United States, said Virgin Atlantic.&nbsp;

The fuel used by Flight100 also includes a small amount of synthetic aromatic kerosene made from waste corn, said the company. While the SAF is not unheard of since it is used in jet engines as part of a blend with traditional kerosene, this is the first time that a flight will only run on this type of fuel.&nbsp;

<h2>About Flight100&nbsp;</h2>

The one-of-a-kind flight is not carrying any paying passengers or cargo but includes passengers like Virgin Atlantic’s billionaire founder Richard Branson, its chief executive Shai Weiss, and United Kingdom’s Transport Minister Mark Harper.&nbsp;

“The world will always assume something can’t be done, until you do it. The spirit of innovation is getting out there and trying to prove that we can do things better for everyone’s benefit,” said Branson, in a statement ahead of the take-off.&nbsp;

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Virgin Atlantic’s <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Flight100?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Flight100</a> took to the skies today. The world’s first 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) transatlantic flight by a commercial airline ✈ <a href="https://t.co/u75pv9hMbb">https://t.co/u75pv9hMbb</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/VirginAtlantic?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@virginatlantic</a> <a href="https://t.co/LJQNfxpwiT">pic.twitter.com/LJQNfxpwiT</a>
— Virgin (@Virgin) <a href="https://twitter.com/Virgin/status/1729475869544997089?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 28, 2023</a></blockquote>
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ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-at-london-museum-to-study-dust-from-bennu-asteroid-and-unveil-secrets-663827">Scientists at London Museum to study dust from Bennu asteroid and unveil secrets</a>

Boeing 787 has been filled with 50 tonnes of SAF and will become the first time a commercial airline has flown long haul on 100 per cent “green fuel”. The Flight100’s departure follows the Gulfstream G600 business jet’s successful transatlantic crossing using the same fuel last week.

The milestone also comes after successful ground tests and analyses conducted as well as following the approval by the UK regulator the Civil Aviation Authority earlier this month.&nbsp;

The Virgin Atlantic-led, partly government funded, project involves a number of major companies including Rolls-Royce, Boeing and energy giant BP.

The consortium also includes Imperial College London, the University of Sheffield, ICF, and Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI). Researchers from Imperial and Sheffield will be leading the scientific work to assess the climate effects of the Flight100.

<h2>How much difference does SAF make?</h2>

As countries across the world have sought to decarbonise in the upcoming decade the aviation industry is relying on SAF as the most effective tool available to help bring its net emissions down to zero.&nbsp;

The aviation industry is arguably one of the most difficult to decarbonise and accounts for around three per cent of emissions which contribute to human-induced climate change as a result of carbon dioxide and non-carbon dioxide emissions.&nbsp;

The use of SAF is not going to stop planes from emitting carbon, but the industry says the “lifecycle emissions” of these fuels can be up to 70 per cent lower compared to fossil-based jet fuel over its lifecycle.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-finds-that-medias-climate-crisis-coverage-sparks-fear-and-favours-avoidance-585451">Study finds that media's climate crisis coverage sparks fear and favours avoidance</a>

But while SAF is key to reducing those emissions it comes at a cost which is about three to five times higher than regular jet fuel right now and accounts for less than 0.1 per cent of total global jet fuel in use today.&nbsp;

The planes releasing carbon dioxide also release particulate matter (PM) which causes contrails which are said to contribute significantly to climate change since they trap heat causing a greenhouse effect – particularly those that persist at night.&nbsp;

Therefore, researchers believe that we can reduce the aviation industry’s contribution to global warming by taking steps like using SAF altering flight altitude and flying during the daytime.&nbsp;

Researchers who are leading the scientific work, ahead of the take-off on Tuesday, measured particulate matter (PM) emitted by a smaller-scale aircraft engine and found that SAF reduces the emissions of PM.&nbsp;

As per the Imperial College in London the researchers will also reportedly analyse the effect of using SAF after the flight with on-board flight data, weather data and satellite imagery to estimate the amount of particulate matter released and track any contrails formed by the flight.

Last month, the head of the International Airlines Group (IAG) said the risk of the aviation industry not meeting the European Union mandate for SAF availability in 2025 is higher than 90 per cent.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-what-are-the-key-issues-in-the-upcoming-cop28-summit-in-uae-663469">Explained | What are the key issues in the upcoming COP28 summit in UAE?</a>

Similarly, a report by Reuters citing analysts said that the 2030 target looks challenging given SAF’s small volumes and its high cost.

<h2>‘Greenwashing’</h2>

While many have hailed the maiden flight as a success story that, according to the UK’s transport minister, could inspire the “next generation of solutions” others, like environmental advocacy group Stay Grounded have described it as a “greenwashing distraction.”

“(Fuel substitutes) are nowhere close to being scalable in the necessary timeframe to avoid climate collapse. What is urgently needed is to reduce the burning of fossil jet fuels, which means reducing flights wherever possible,” said Magdalena Heuwieser, who represents the network, as quoted by Reuters.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The world’s first transatlantic powered by 100 per cent Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) took off on Tuesday (Nov 28) from London and is currently en route to New York.

The world’s first transatlantic powered by 100 per cent Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) took off on Tuesday (Nov 28) from London and is currently en route to New York. The flight operated by Virgin Atlantic, dubbed Flight100, marked the first step in a potential low-carbon option as the world continues to grapple with the impact of climate change and is looking for ways in which it can lower the release of Earth-warming gases. The large passenger powered by only alternative fuels operated by a Virgin Boeing 787 and powered by Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 engines plans to show that SAF is a safe replacement for fossil-derived jet fuel compatible with today’s engines, airframes and fuel infrastructure. The flight took off from London’s Heathrow Airport at 1149 GMT and is scheduled to arrive at New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport at 1940 GMT. The maiden flight also comes days ahead of the beginning of COP28 climate talks in Dubai which are expected to focus on the future role of fossil fuels, and whether countries should commit to phasing out the use of carbon emitting coal, oil and gas. What is SAF? The so-called SAF is typically made from renewable biomass and waste resources but is said to have the potential to deliver the performance of petroleum-based jet fuel but with a fraction of its carbon footprint. SAF can be made from a variety of sources, including crops and household waste. ALSO READ | Sea ice around Antarctica recedes to historically low levels: Scientists The SAF for Flight100 is made from a “unique duel blend” which includes 88 per cent of HEFA and 12 per cent of SAK, the former is said to be made from waste fats, while the latter is rest from the wastes of corn production in the United States, said Virgin Atlantic. The fuel used by Flight100 also includes a small amount of synthetic aromatic kerosene made from waste corn, said the company. While the SAF is not unheard of since it is used in jet engines as part of a blend with traditional kerosene, this is the first time that a flight will only run on this type of fuel. About Flight100 The one-of-a-kind flight is not carrying any paying passengers or cargo but includes passengers like Virgin Atlantic’s billionaire founder Richard Branson, its chief executive Shai Weiss, and United Kingdom’s Transport Minister Mark Harper. “The world will always assume something can’t be done, until you do it. The spirit of innovation is getting out there and trying to prove that we can do things better for everyone’s benefit,” said Branson, in a statement ahead of the take-off. Virgin Atlantic’s #Flight100 took to the skies today. The world’s first 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) transatlantic flight by a commercial airline ✈ https://t.co/u75pv9hMbb @virginatlantic pic.twitter.com/LJQNfxpwiT — Virgin (@Virgin) November 28, 2023 × ALSO READ | Scientists at London Museum to study dust from Bennu asteroid and unveil secrets Boeing 787 has been filled with 50 tonnes of SAF and will become the first time a commercial airline has flown long haul on 100 per cent “green fuel”. The Flight100’s departure follows the Gulfstream G600 business jet’s successful transatlantic crossing using the same fuel last week. The milestone also comes after successful ground tests and analyses conducted as well as following the approval by the UK regulator the Civil Aviation Authority earlier this month. The Virgin Atlantic-led, partly government funded, project involves a number of major companies including Rolls-Royce, Boeing and energy giant BP. The consortium also includes Imperial College London, the University of Sheffield, ICF, and Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI). Researchers from Imperial and Sheffield will be leading the scientific work to assess the climate effects of the Flight100. How much difference does SAF make? As countries across the world have sought to decarbonise in the upcoming decade the aviation industry is relying on SAF as the most effective tool available to help bring its net emissions down to zero. The aviation industry is arguably one of the most difficult to decarbonise and accounts for around three per cent of emissions which contribute to human-induced climate change as a result of carbon dioxide and non-carbon dioxide emissions. The use of SAF is not going to stop planes from emitting carbon, but the industry says the “lifecycle emissions” of these fuels can be up to 70 per cent lower compared to fossil-based jet fuel over its lifecycle. ALSO READ | Study finds that media's climate crisis coverage sparks fear and favours avoidance But while SAF is key to reducing those emissions it comes at a cost which is about three to five times higher than regular jet fuel right now and accounts for less than 0.1 per cent of total global jet fuel in use today. The planes releasing carbon dioxide also release particulate matter (PM) which causes contrails which are said to contribute significantly to climate change since they trap heat causing a greenhouse effect – particularly those that persist at night. Therefore, researchers believe that we can reduce the aviation industry’s contribution to global warming by taking steps like using SAF altering flight altitude and flying during the daytime. Researchers who are leading the scientific work, ahead of the take-off on Tuesday, measured particulate matter (PM) emitted by a smaller-scale aircraft engine and found that SAF reduces the emissions of PM. As per the Imperial College in London the researchers will also reportedly analyse the effect of using SAF after the flight with on-board flight data, weather data and satellite imagery to estimate the amount of particulate matter released and track any contrails formed by the flight. Last month, the head of the International Airlines Group (IAG) said the risk of the aviation industry not meeting the European Union mandate for SAF availability in 2025 is higher than 90 per cent. ALSO READ | Explained | What are the key issues in the upcoming COP28 summit in UAE? Similarly, a report by Reuters citing analysts said that the 2030 target looks challenging given SAF’s small volumes and its high cost. ‘Greenwashing’ While many have hailed the maiden flight as a success story that, according to the UK’s transport minister, could inspire the “next generation of solutions” others, like environmental advocacy group Stay Grounded have described it as a “greenwashing distraction.” “(Fuel substitutes) are nowhere close to being scalable in the necessary timeframe to avoid climate collapse. What is urgently needed is to reduce the burning of fossil jet fuels, which means reducing flights wherever possible,” said Magdalena Heuwieser, who represents the network, as quoted by Reuters. (With inputs from agencies)

Explained | World’s 1st transatlantic flight using 100% green fuels takes off. All you need to know

UN chief urges world leaders to take decisive action against global warming

UN chief urges COP28 to break 'deadly cycle' of global warming

More than 100 climate activists, including five children and a 97-year-old reverend, have been arrested, said the police, after a two-day blockade of one of the world’s largest coal ports in Australia, on Monday (Nov 27).&nbsp;

The protest group Rising Tide, which organised the blockade claims that the 30-hour blockade of the shipping lane in Port of Newcastle over the weekend prevented over half a million tonnes of coal from leaving the country.

<h2>What did the climate protesters do?</h2>

Hundreds of activists took to the Newcastle port’s shipping lane on Australia’s east coast swimming or using kayaks in protest of the government’s climate inaction and imploring them to end the country’s long reliance on fossil fuel exports. 
 
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(Photo credit: Rising Tide)

Canberra is the world’s second-biggest coal exporter and heavily relies on fossil fuels for its own electricity needs. The government is also reportedly in the midst of planning a string of new coal mines, oil fields and gas projects.&nbsp;

The port in Australia’s east is around 170 kilometres away from Sydney and is said to be the country’s most important terminal for coal shipments.

Around 3,000 people from across the country took part in the 30-hour blockade, reported BBC, the permission for which was granted by the authorities. However, police boats reportedly started closing in after the deadline had crossed and the crowds of activists refused to leave the water.&nbsp;

<h2>Watch | ‘Oldest Australian ever arrested and charged’</h2>

The New South Wales Police said five juveniles had also been arrested but did not give their ages. As per BBC, the five children were subsequently released.&nbsp;

The NSW police, in a statement, said that they have charged 104 people, on Monday. Among those arrested and charged was 97-year-old Uniting Church reverend Alan Stuart who as per Rising Tide’s post on X, is the “OLDEST PERSON EVER ARRESTED AND CHARGED IN AUSTRALIA”. 
&nbsp;

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How to arrest a 97yo climate protector at the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/PeoplesBlockade?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#PeoplesBlockade</a>? Very carefully and to a heroes welcome! If charged, Reverend Alan Stuart will be the oldest person ever charged in Australia 😲 
 
"I think it is my duty to do what I can and to stand up for what I know is right.” <a href="https://t.co/mZLunitdRa">pic.twitter.com/mZLunitdRa</a>
— RisingTideAustralia (@RisingTideAus) <a href="https://twitter.com/RisingTideAus/status/1728683938967884006?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 26, 2023</a></blockquote>
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“I am doing this for my grandchildren and future generations because I don’t want to leave them a world full of increasingly severe and frequent climate disasters,” said Stuart, in a statement prior to his arrest.

He added, “I am so sorry that they will have to suffer the consequences of our inaction. So, I think it is my duty to do what I can and to stand up for what I know is right.”

The group also called the protest the “biggest act of civil disobedience for climate in Australia’s history”.&nbsp;

“I’m doing this as a student because the decision makers in this country have consistently ignored young people’s voices,” said 17-year-old Anjali Beams who travelled from Adelaide and also remained past the 30-hour deadline.&nbsp;

“The Newcastle coal port is the largest coal port in the world, and I will not be complicit in letting my future get sold away by the fossil fuel industry for their profit,” she added.

(With inputs from agencies)

More than 100 climate activists, including five children and a 97-year-old reverend, have been arrested, said the police, after a two-day blockade of one of the world’s largest coal ports in Australia, on Monday (Nov 27).

More than 100 climate activists, including five children and a 97-year-old reverend, have been arrested, said the police, after a two-day blockade of one of the world’s largest coal ports in Australia, on Monday (Nov 27). The protest group Rising Tide, which organised the blockade claims that the 30-hour blockade of the shipping lane in Port of Newcastle over the weekend prevented over half a million tonnes of coal from leaving the country. What did the climate protesters do? Hundreds of activists took to the Newcastle port’s shipping lane on Australia’s east coast swimming or using kayaks in protest of the government’s climate inaction and imploring them to end the country’s long reliance on fossil fuel exports. (Photo credit: Rising Tide) Canberra is the world’s second-biggest coal exporter and heavily relies on fossil fuels for its own electricity needs. The government is also reportedly in the midst of planning a string of new coal mines, oil fields and gas projects. The port in Australia’s east is around 170 kilometres away from Sydney and is said to be the country’s most important terminal for coal shipments. Around 3,000 people from across the country took part in the 30-hour blockade, reported BBC, the permission for which was granted by the authorities. However, police boats reportedly started closing in after the deadline had crossed and the crowds of activists refused to leave the water. Watch | ‘Oldest Australian ever arrested and charged’ The New South Wales Police said five juveniles had also been arrested but did not give their ages. As per BBC, the five children were subsequently released. The NSW police, in a statement, said that they have charged 104 people, on Monday. Among those arrested and charged was 97-year-old Uniting Church reverend Alan Stuart who as per Rising Tide’s post on X, is the “OLDEST PERSON EVER ARRESTED AND CHARGED IN AUSTRALIA”. How to arrest a 97yo climate protector at the #PeoplesBlockade? Very carefully and to a heroes welcome! If charged, Reverend Alan Stuart will be the oldest person ever charged in Australia 😲 "I think it is my duty to do what I can and to stand up for what I know is right.” pic.twitter.com/mZLunitdRa — RisingTideAustralia (@RisingTideAus) November 26, 2023 × “I am doing this for my grandchildren and future generations because I don’t want to leave them a world full of increasingly severe and frequent climate disasters,” said Stuart, in a statement prior to his arrest. He added, “I am so sorry that they will have to suffer the consequences of our inaction. So, I think it is my duty to do what I can and to stand up for what I know is right.” The group also called the protest the “biggest act of civil disobedience for climate in Australia’s history”. “I’m doing this as a student because the decision makers in this country have consistently ignored young people’s voices,” said 17-year-old Anjali Beams who travelled from Adelaide and also remained past the 30-hour deadline. “The Newcastle coal port is the largest coal port in the world, and I will not be complicit in letting my future get sold away by the fossil fuel industry for their profit,” she added. (With inputs from agencies)

More than 100 climate activists arrested after two-day blockade of Australia’s largest coal port

Which one is the faster way to combat climate change: Planting more trees or installing more solar panels?&nbsp;

A new study published in the journal Environmental Science &amp; Technology has revealed that if land use is taken into account, installing more solar panels or investing more in solar energy is more climate-efficient than planting trees in the same area.

The research shows that while photovoltaic fields break even and begin offering climate change mitigation benefits after about 2.5 years, afforestation can take decades to reach its full potential.&nbsp;

<h2>Why this disparity?</h2>

The difference between the efficiency of trees and solar panels in fighting climate change is because of how they work.&nbsp;

Trees, in forests, slowly remove carbon dioxide from the air, helping reduce the greenhouse gas over time. Solar panels, on the other hand, directly decrease greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuel electricity with clean, renewable energy.

Interestingly, both trees and solar panels can absorb more sunlight and contribute to preventing global warming by darkening the land surface.&nbsp;

A study measured this reflection of sunlight, called surface albedo, in a solar field in Israel's Negev desert and compared it to data from a nearby forest.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-warns-of-solar-storm-hitting-earth-today-amid-increased-activity-fiery-eruptions-on-sun-662975">Also read:&nbsp;NASA warns of solar storm hitting Earth today amid increased activity, fiery eruptions on Sun</a>

The study aimed to see which method balanced the negatives and positives better. The results showed that solar panels achieve this balance faster than planting trees, especially in semiarid regions.

<h2>Forests still irreplaceable</h2>

While solar energy has a quicker positive impact, the study recognises the overall benefits of forests. Besides reducing carbon, forests provide crucial services for ecosystems, regulate local climates, and offer social benefits like recreation and protecting biodiversity.&nbsp;

Watch: India aims to cut solar panel taxes by 50%

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So, even though solar energy has advantages, we can't overlook the importance of trees in the bigger picture.

The findings of this study underscore the importance of considering both climate change mitigation potential and broader environmental and social benefits when making land-use decisions.

(With inputs from agencies)

Which one is the faster way to combat climate change: Planting more trees or installing more solar panels? A new study published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology has revealed that if land use is taken into account, installing more solar panels or investing more in solar energy is more climate-efficient than planting trees in the same area.

Which one is the faster way to combat climate change: Planting more trees or installing more solar panels? A new study published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology has revealed that if land use is taken into account, installing more solar panels or investing more in solar energy is more climate-efficient than planting trees in the same area. The research shows that while photovoltaic fields break even and begin offering climate change mitigation benefits after about 2.5 years, afforestation can take decades to reach its full potential. Why this disparity? The difference between the efficiency of trees and solar panels in fighting climate change is because of how they work. Trees, in forests, slowly remove carbon dioxide from the air, helping reduce the greenhouse gas over time. Solar panels, on the other hand, directly decrease greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuel electricity with clean, renewable energy. Interestingly, both trees and solar panels can absorb more sunlight and contribute to preventing global warming by darkening the land surface. A study measured this reflection of sunlight, called surface albedo, in a solar field in Israel's Negev desert and compared it to data from a nearby forest. Also read: NASA warns of solar storm hitting Earth today amid increased activity, fiery eruptions on Sun The study aimed to see which method balanced the negatives and positives better. The results showed that solar panels achieve this balance faster than planting trees, especially in semiarid regions. Forests still irreplaceable While solar energy has a quicker positive impact, the study recognises the overall benefits of forests. Besides reducing carbon, forests provide crucial services for ecosystems, regulate local climates, and offer social benefits like recreation and protecting biodiversity. Watch: India aims to cut solar panel taxes by 50% × So, even though solar energy has advantages, we can't overlook the importance of trees in the bigger picture. The findings of this study underscore the importance of considering both climate change mitigation potential and broader environmental and social benefits when making land-use decisions. (With inputs from agencies)

Installing solar panels more eco-friendly than planting trees: Study

UN Climate Change chief Simon Stiell warned on Tuesday that climate pledges of the countries will cut carbon emissions by just two per cent by the end of the decade from 2019 levels. The projected data is far short of the 43 per cent fall needed to limit warming to 1.5C.&nbsp;

An assessment of climate pledges shows only minor progress in reducing emissions this decade and the world leaders have not acted with sufficient urgency to curb greenhouse gas emissions.&nbsp;

Stiell said that the annual assessment of climate commitments shows they are "severely off track" as he called for climate talks in Dubai this month.&nbsp;

Climate change is evident in the form of rising global temperatures and disturbances in weather patterns, and now the UN said that the world is "failing to get a grip" on these climate-related issues.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/worlds-largest-iceberg-bigger-than-greater-london-is-leaving-antarctica-662357">World's largest iceberg, bigger than Greater London, is moving away from Antarctica</a>&nbsp;

The scientists believe that the pressure on world leaders to reduce planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions has never been greater despite the fact that they have failed to far. Global temperatures rising and 2023 is set to be the warmest year in human history.&nbsp;

The UN found that combined climate plans from nearly 200 nations would put the world on a path for 2030 carbon emissions just two per cent below 2019 levels. That is far short of the 43 per cent fall that the UN's IPCC climate panel.&nbsp;

"Every fraction of a degree matters, but we are severely off track. COP28 is our time to change that," said UN Climate Change chief Simon Stiell.

He called for climate talks in Dubai this month to mark a "clear turning point" for a world already wracked by increasing floods, heatwaves and storms.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/blue-whales-return-to-indian-ocean-region-decades-after-being-wiped-out-due-to-whaling-study-662029">Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study</a>&nbsp;

<h2>What did the UN say?</h2>

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, warning that countries were not acting fast enough to avoid catastrophe. 
 
"The world is failing to get a grip on the climate crisis," said U

"Inch by inch progress will not do. It is time for a climate ambition supernova in every country, city, and sector."&nbsp;

With inputs from agencies)

UN Climate Change chief Simon Stiell warned on Tuesday that climate pledges of the countries will cut carbon emissions by just two per cent by the end of the decade from 2019 levels.

UN Climate Change chief Simon Stiell warned on Tuesday that climate pledges of the countries will cut carbon emissions by just two per cent by the end of the decade from 2019 levels. The projected data is far short of the 43 per cent fall needed to limit warming to 1.5C. An assessment of climate pledges shows only minor progress in reducing emissions this decade and the world leaders have not acted with sufficient urgency to curb greenhouse gas emissions. Stiell said that the annual assessment of climate commitments shows they are "severely off track" as he called for climate talks in Dubai this month. Climate change is evident in the form of rising global temperatures and disturbances in weather patterns, and now the UN said that the world is "failing to get a grip" on these climate-related issues. Also read: World's largest iceberg, bigger than Greater London, is moving away from Antarctica The scientists believe that the pressure on world leaders to reduce planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions has never been greater despite the fact that they have failed to far. Global temperatures rising and 2023 is set to be the warmest year in human history. The UN found that combined climate plans from nearly 200 nations would put the world on a path for 2030 carbon emissions just two per cent below 2019 levels. That is far short of the 43 per cent fall that the UN's IPCC climate panel. "Every fraction of a degree matters, but we are severely off track. COP28 is our time to change that," said UN Climate Change chief Simon Stiell. He called for climate talks in Dubai this month to mark a "clear turning point" for a world already wracked by increasing floods, heatwaves and storms. Also read: Blue whales return to Indian Ocean region decades after being wiped out due to whaling: Study What did the UN say? UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, warning that countries were not acting fast enough to avoid catastrophe. "The world is failing to get a grip on the climate crisis," said U "Inch by inch progress will not do. It is time for a climate ambition supernova in every country, city, and sector." With inputs from agencies)

UN warns world over plans to combat climate change as leaders remain off track to limit emissions

The world leaders are getting out for the COP 28 summit, and a new report has now shared more details about one of the pledges there. According to a report by the news agency AFP, next month a cooling pledge will be unveiled.

COP28 Climate Summit 2023: 'We need to preserve the forests we have'

A study has said that online searches around 'climate anxiety' have risen sharply amid increased frequency of flood, droughts and wildfires across the globe, said a report in BBC.

The data in this regard was gathered by Google and shared exclusively with BBC. The data has also revealed that women are more affected by "climate anxiety" than men.

Climate anxiety is referred to as a feeling of distress about climate change impacts. This is becoming common across the world, especially among children and young people.

The searches around the topic have increased many times than before, revealed Google Trends data.

As reported by BBC, the data has revealed that searches related to climate anxiety from January to October this year were 27 times higher than those in the same period in 2017.

Some specific observations were made about search surges in some specific languages. Portuguese saw a 73-fold increase, while Simplified Chinese saw an eight-and-a-half times increase. Searches in Arabic rose by a fifth.

The gathered data combined searches made with the terms "climate anxiety" and "eco-anxiety". These search terms are often used interchangeably in spite of slight differences in meaning.

The data has also taken a look at a metric called "search interest". This metric measures the comparative popularity of search terms over a period of time.

It has reportedly been found that Nordic countries have consistently topped the list of countries contributing the largest portions of search queries about climate anxiety.

Google has said that adjustments have been made to the data so that countries with different population sizes can be compared at the same level. Due to this, countries with smaller populations may rank higher than those with larger populations.

The analysis found that countries in the Global South, for example,&nbsp;the Philippines, Chile and South Africa contributed smaller percentages of search queries related to 'climate anxiety'.

A study has said that online searches around 'climate anxiety' have risen sharply amid increased frequency of flood, droughts and wildfires across the globe, said a report in BBC.

A study has said that online searches around 'climate anxiety' have risen sharply amid increased frequency of flood, droughts and wildfires across the globe, said a report in BBC. The data in this regard was gathered by Google and shared exclusively with BBC. The data has also revealed that women are more affected by "climate anxiety" than men. Climate anxiety is referred to as a feeling of distress about climate change impacts. This is becoming common across the world, especially among children and young people. The searches around the topic have increased many times than before, revealed Google Trends data. As reported by BBC, the data has revealed that searches related to climate anxiety from January to October this year were 27 times higher than those in the same period in 2017. Some specific observations were made about search surges in some specific languages. Portuguese saw a 73-fold increase, while Simplified Chinese saw an eight-and-a-half times increase. Searches in Arabic rose by a fifth. The gathered data combined searches made with the terms "climate anxiety" and "eco-anxiety". These search terms are often used interchangeably in spite of slight differences in meaning. The data has also taken a look at a metric called "search interest". This metric measures the comparative popularity of search terms over a period of time. It has reportedly been found that Nordic countries have consistently topped the list of countries contributing the largest portions of search queries about climate anxiety. Google has said that adjustments have been made to the data so that countries with different population sizes can be compared at the same level. Due to this, countries with smaller populations may rank higher than those with larger populations. The analysis found that countries in the Global South, for example, the Philippines, Chile and South Africa contributed smaller percentages of search queries related to 'climate anxiety'.

Google searches around 'climate anxiety' have risen, says study

Climate change is real this is a statement we have heard over the years but a byproduct stemming from these conversations is of climate anxiety. Much like climate change the anxiety around it is also a very real phenomenon. Google's data now shows that searches around climate anxiety have been on the rise.

Women suffer more from 'Climate Anxiety' than men, shows study

Peruvian scientists from the state agency that studies glaciers said on Wednesday (Nov 22) that Peru has lost more than half of its glacier surface in the last six decades. The authorities also said that 175 glaciers became extinct due to climate change between 2016 and 2020.&nbsp;

Mayra Mejía, an official with Peru's National Institute of Research of Mountain Glaciers and Ecosystems, or Inaigem, said: "In 58 years, 56.22% of the glacial coverage recorded in 1962 has been lost."&nbsp;

The institute stated that Peru holds 68 per cent of the world's tropical glaciers. While weighing in on the alarming stats, it said that warming temperatures have led to melting and the creation of new mountain lagoons that risk overflowing and flooding.&nbsp;

Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-instrument-aboard-iss-excels-at-spotting-greenhouse-gas-emission-sources-661550">NASA instrument aboard ISS excels at spotting greenhouse gas emission sources</a>&nbsp;

It was confirmed by Jesús Gómez, director of glacier research at Inaigem, who told The Associated Press that the major factor behind this is the average global temperature increase as it leads to an accelerated retreat of glaciers.&nbsp;

"The new lagoons could be, in the future, water reserves, but being at high altitudes they cause a danger of overflowing and flooding," said Gomez as quoted by Reuters.&nbsp;

The findings came after analysing satellite imagery until 2020. The report shows that 2,084 glaciers cover 1,050 square kilometres in Peru, which is less than the 2,399 square kilometres of ice and snow in 1962.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ozone-hole-might-not-have-been-recovering-as-previously-thought-a-new-study-claims-661325">Ozone hole probably getting larger instead of healing as previously claimed, study says</a>&nbsp;

Mejía, who is an expert in glaciology, said there are some mountain ranges in Peru where glaciers have almost disappeared, namely Chila. As per the report, Chila has lost 99 per cent of its glacial surface since 1962.&nbsp;

Beatriz Fuentealba, the institute's director, was quoted by Reuters as saying that "in four years, from 2016 to 2020 we have lost almost 6% of these high mountain glaciers".&nbsp;

"This means that we have lost more than half of our water reserves," said Environment Minister Albina Ruiz, noting that glacial retreat is impacting the natural mountain ecosystem.&nbsp;

"Although we cannot prevent glaciers from disappearing over the years, we can reduce the speed at which they are being lost," she said, calling for less pollution, more green areas and "above all, recognizing that the mountain provides us with life."&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

Peruvian scientists from the state agency that studies glaciers said on Wednesday (Nov 22) that Peru has lost more than half of its glacier surface in the last six decades.

Peruvian scientists from the state agency that studies glaciers said on Wednesday (Nov 22) that Peru has lost more than half of its glacier surface in the last six decades. The authorities also said that 175 glaciers became extinct due to climate change between 2016 and 2020. Mayra Mejía, an official with Peru's National Institute of Research of Mountain Glaciers and Ecosystems, or Inaigem, said: "In 58 years, 56.22% of the glacial coverage recorded in 1962 has been lost." The institute stated that Peru holds 68 per cent of the world's tropical glaciers. While weighing in on the alarming stats, it said that warming temperatures have led to melting and the creation of new mountain lagoons that risk overflowing and flooding. Also read: NASA instrument aboard ISS excels at spotting greenhouse gas emission sources It was confirmed by Jesús Gómez, director of glacier research at Inaigem, who told The Associated Press that the major factor behind this is the average global temperature increase as it leads to an accelerated retreat of glaciers. "The new lagoons could be, in the future, water reserves, but being at high altitudes they cause a danger of overflowing and flooding," said Gomez as quoted by Reuters. The findings came after analysing satellite imagery until 2020. The report shows that 2,084 glaciers cover 1,050 square kilometres in Peru, which is less than the 2,399 square kilometres of ice and snow in 1962. Also read: Ozone hole probably getting larger instead of healing as previously claimed, study says Mejía, who is an expert in glaciology, said there are some mountain ranges in Peru where glaciers have almost disappeared, namely Chila. As per the report, Chila has lost 99 per cent of its glacial surface since 1962. Beatriz Fuentealba, the institute's director, was quoted by Reuters as saying that "in four years, from 2016 to 2020 we have lost almost 6% of these high mountain glaciers". "This means that we have lost more than half of our water reserves," said Environment Minister Albina Ruiz, noting that glacial retreat is impacting the natural mountain ecosystem. "Although we cannot prevent glaciers from disappearing over the years, we can reduce the speed at which they are being lost," she said, calling for less pollution, more green areas and "above all, recognizing that the mountain provides us with life." (With inputs from agencies)

Climate change: Peru has lost 56% of tropical glaciers in last six decades

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