The Euphrates emerges where the Karasu and Murat rivers merge in northeastern Turkey and flows to join the Tigris near Basra in Iraq. Historically, Mesopotamia the region lying between the Euphrates and Tigris, was the heartland of the Babylonian and Assyrian empires.

Middle East’s melting pot

Two developments, the pending return of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad to the Arab fold and protests in Sudan, Jordan and Tunisia, send contradictory messages of where the Middle East and North Africa are headed.

Efforts to return Syria’s Bashar al-Assad to Arab fold amount to hollow victory for autocrats

Israel will study a US decision to pull its forces from Syria and will ensure its own security, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said. Netanyahu in a statement said he had spoken over the past two days with the US president and secretary of state about their intention to withdraw US forces from Syria.

Will protect ourselves, says Israeli PM Netanyahu as Trump decides to pullout US troops from Syria

Turkey and other world powers would consider working with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad if he won a democratic election, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu told a conference in Qatar on Sunday.

Turkey would consider working with Assad if he won a democratic Syrian election

France has issued its first international arrest warrants for three senior Syrian intelligence officials, a move hailed by rights groups Monday as an important step towards prosecuting war criminals.

France issues arrest warrant against three Syrian intelligence officials

Assad reportedly made the remarks as he received the credentials of North Korean Ambassador Mun Jong Nam

Syria's Assad says will visit North Korea, news agency reports

Israeli Energy Minister Yuval Steinitz hinted that Assad himself may be targeted for assassination

Israeli response to Iran attack from Syria could be toppling Assad: Minister

The ministry added it plans to study a US Tomahawk cruise missile captured by Syrian forces in a recent attack

Russia to deliver new air defence systems to Syria: Defence Ministry

Molkino in southwestern Russia is where the Russian 10th Special Forces Brigade is based, according to information on the Kremlin website

Russian civilians helping Assad use military base back home - Witnesses

Assad, backed by Russia and Iran, is seeking to wipe out the last few rebel enclaves near Damascus

Syrian rebels withdraw from enclave northeast of Damascus

An Iraqi military spokesman told Reuters that air strikes were carried out in coordination with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's government.

Air Force carried out strikes on Islamic State targets inside Syria: Iraq PM

The last rebels withdrew from eastern Ghouta hours after the Western bombing

Assad steps up efforts to crush last besieged enclaves

Since taking office earlier this year, Maas, a Social Democrat, has spearheaded a harsher line towards Moscow.

Syria strikes: 'Can open window for dialogue with Russia,' says German foreign minister

US, France and Britain had conducted missile strikes on Assad's Syria on Saturday targetting at least three research centres believed to be chemical weapons sites

After US, France says 'highly likely' evidence will be removed from Syria attack site

The British prime minister said she "conscious of the gravity of the decisions" to strike Syria.

Syria strikes right thing to do, not because Trump asked us to do it: British PM Theresa May

Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov, however, dismissed reports of tampering

Russia may have tampered with Syria attack strike: US envoy Kenneth Ward

Sources confirmed reports of a military operation underway along the road that links Homs to the neighbouring town Al Salamiya in Hama province

Post Ghouta victory, Assad-led forces launch fresh offensive

Assad met a group of Russian lawmakers in Damascus on Sunday after the West launched missile strikes against Syria

Assad's children visited Crimean holiday camp: Russian lawmaker

Russian news agency reported that the last rebel stronghold in eastern Ghouta enclave outside Damascus was under Syrian government control.

Syrian government forces have taken full control of Douma: Russia

Syrian state media had said the US was responsible for the air strike on Tayfur airport but it was swiftly denied by Pentagon.

Israeli Air Force planes carried out strikes on Syrian air base: Russian defence ministry

Pro-government forces and Kurdish-led forces have fought each other elsewhere in Syria and Damascus opposes the Kurds` demands for autonomy. But in Afrin they have a common enemy and a mutual interest in blocking Turkish advances

Friend or foe? Assad quietly aids Syrian Kurds against Turkey

Erdogan and Macron are expected to discuss the Syrian crisis along with the Palestinian situation

Turkey and France to discuss Syrian crisis in Paris?

Among the dead are soldiers and civilians, said the head of the Syrian Observatory for Human rights

18 killed in Damascus suicide bombing: Monitor

This could potentially reopen a supply route to send Iranian weapons to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad

Iran-backed Iraqi force says takes Islamic State villages near Syria

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