In order to solidify its position in the worldwide market for commercial satellite launches, India's space agency Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched 36 satellites using its biggest rocket just after midnight on Sunday. The rocket successfully placed 36 OneWeb satellites into orbits, confirmed ISRO.&nbsp;

These satellites are owned by the London-based communications company OneWeb, in which India's Bharti Enterprises is a significant shareholder, and were launched by the Indian Space <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-finds-why-are-some-people-mosquito-magnets-and-might-remain-that-way-526927">Research</a> Organization (ISRO) on the rocket LVM3.

In June 2017,<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/as-isro-gslv-mk3-rocket-zooms-towards-south-pole-indian-ship-sagar-nidhi-will-be-tracking-it-527611"> ISRO</a> launched 31 tiny satellites, many of which were for European countries, as part of its earlier plan to become a global low-cost provider of space services.

It's the first commercial satellite launch for the LVM3 rocket. The central government-owned corporation NewSpace India Limited, also known as NSIL, and the London-based enterprise signed the agreement.

“Another set of 36 OneWeb satellites will be launched by the LVM3 in the first half of next year,” an NSIL executive told news agency PTI.

The newest and heaviest rocket produced by the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-at-least-15-killed-40-injured-after-bus-accident-in-madhya-pradesh-527604">Indian</a> space agency is capable of launching satellites that weigh four tonnes, or almost as much as a huge flatbed truck.

India launched an orbiter to Mars in 2014 for just $74 million, compared to NASA's $671 million expenditure for the MAVEN Mars mission.

(With inputs from agencies)

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In order to solidify its position in the worldwide market for commercial satellite launches, India's space agency Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched 36 satellites using its biggest rocket just after midnight on Sunday.

In order to solidify its position in the worldwide market for commercial satellite launches, India's space agency Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched 36 satellites using its biggest rocket just after midnight on Sunday. The rocket successfully placed 36 OneWeb satellites into orbits, confirmed ISRO. These satellites are owned by the London-based communications company OneWeb, in which India's Bharti Enterprises is a significant shareholder, and were launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on the rocket LVM3. In June 2017, ISRO launched 31 tiny satellites, many of which were for European countries, as part of its earlier plan to become a global low-cost provider of space services. It's the first commercial satellite launch for the LVM3 rocket. The central government-owned corporation NewSpace India Limited, also known as NSIL, and the London-based enterprise signed the agreement. “Another set of 36 OneWeb satellites will be launched by the LVM3 in the first half of next year,” an NSIL executive told news agency PTI. The newest and heaviest rocket produced by the Indian space agency is capable of launching satellites that weigh four tonnes, or almost as much as a huge flatbed truck. India launched an orbiter to Mars in 2014 for just $74 million, compared to NASA's $671 million expenditure for the MAVEN Mars mission. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

ISRO's heaviest rocket successfully places 36 OneWeb satellites into orbits in first commercial flight

With less than 12 hours to go for the maiden commercial launch and multi-satellite launch by India's heaviest rocket, ISRO chairman Dr. Somanath, termed it a “historic event”. He said that the Indian space agency was happy to have 36 OneWeb satellites on board the LVM3 rocket, ready for deployment in orbit.&nbsp;

The wee-hour launch that is to take place at 12:07 am on Sunday, will take place from India's spaceport Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. This launch is meant to place 36 satellites of UK-based OneWeb, in Low Earth Orbit, around 601 kms above the earth's surface.&nbsp;

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Here's the much-awaited integration <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/video?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#video</a> of the heaviest <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/rocket?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#rocket</a> designed &amp; built in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/India?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#India</a> - GSLV Mk3/LVM3 
This beast will be launched tomo 00:07 in its maiden commercial mission &amp; orbiting 36 satellites of <a href="https://twitter.com/OneWeb?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@OneWeb</a> 
 
This'll mark foray of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/isro?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#isro</a> into global medium-lift market🚀 <a href="https://t.co/IvMpAgQvTQ">pic.twitter.com/IvMpAgQvTQ</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1583653045253963777?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 22, 2022</a></blockquote>
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This mission is dubbed as 'LVM3 M2/OneWeb India-1' and 'M2' refers to the fact that this is the second operational launch of India's heaviest rocket Launch Vehicle Mark 3 (LVM 3 or GSLV Mk3). The suffix of OneWeb India-1 signifies that the launch is being facilitated for the customer company, UK-based OneWeb. The number '1' is meant to denote that this is the first of two launches that ISRO will be carrying out for OneWeb, as part of a launch contract.&nbsp;

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/24-hr-countdown-for-gslv-mk3-first-ever-commercial-flight-527424">24-hour countdown for GSLV Mk3's first-ever commercial flight to begin Saturday</a>

"It's truly a red-letter day for India, NSIL (commercial arm of ISRO) and OneWeb. As we embark upon the 14th launch of OneWeb, which will inject 36 new satellites into orbit, this becomes a very special moment for all of us. I am very glad that today, we are lifting off one of the most important missions from India, on the GSLV Mk3 rocket" said Sunil Bharti Mittal, Founder and Chairman, Bharti Enterprises. 
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"Today we're going to witness historic LVM3-OneWeb mission, 1st-ever commercial launch of LVM3 &amp; 36sats to be orbited" S.Somanath, Chairman <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ISRO?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ISRO</a> 
 
"Truly a red-letter day for <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/India?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#India</a> ,NSIL <a href="https://twitter.com/isro?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@isro</a> &amp; <a href="https://twitter.com/OneWeb?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@OneWeb</a> ;14th launch of OneWeb, a spl moment" Sunil Bharti Mittal,Bharti Enterprise <a href="https://t.co/WwbvDENRp2">pic.twitter.com/WwbvDENRp2</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1583674931102949376?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 22, 2022</a></blockquote>
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OneWeb is a global communication network powered from space, enabling connectivity for governments, businesses and communities. The firm is implementing a constellation of Low Earth orbit satellites, which will be arranged in 12 orbital planes with 49 satellites in each plane, this constellation will have a total of 648 satellites. India's Bharti Enterprises serves as a major shareholder and investor in OneWeb. This is OneWeb's 14th launch overall and first-ever launch with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and its commercial arm NSIL.

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/land-acquisition-complete-for-indias-2nd-spaceport-work-may-begin-soon-says-former-isro-director-526400">Land acquisition complete for India's 2nd spaceport, work may begin soon, says former ISRO Director</a>

The duration of the mission, from lift-off till separation of the first satellite will be a little over 19 minutes. This launch will mark the entry of the Indian GSLV Mk3 rocket into the global medium-lift commercial launch services arena, which has largely been a duopoly of American and European firms.&nbsp;

The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry 4-ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tons to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II. 
&nbsp;

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"This launch'll open up the big commercial launch service market, for LVM3 <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/rocket?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#rocket</a> .Many operators world over are looking at establishing LEO constellations for global comms..This effort by <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NSIL?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NSIL</a> will enhance India's market share in global <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/space?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#space</a> economy" Radhakrishnan, CMD, NSIL <a href="https://t.co/ccPvc6Arx9">pic.twitter.com/ccPvc6Arx9</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1583694334611726336?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 22, 2022</a></blockquote>
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&nbsp;

D.Radhakrishnan, Chairman and Managing Director, NSIL, referred to this launch as a significant milestone for NSIL. He added that it would open up the big global commercial launch service market for this rocket, as many operators world-over were looking to build Low Earth Orbit constellations for meeting global communications needs. He said that this effort of NSIL would go a long way in Enhancing India's share in the global space economy.

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With less than 12 hours to go for the maiden commercial launch and multi-satellite launch by India's heaviest rocket, ISRO chairman Dr. Somanath, termed it a “historic event”.

With less than 12 hours to go for the maiden commercial launch and multi-satellite launch by India's heaviest rocket, ISRO chairman Dr. Somanath, termed it a “historic event”. He said that the Indian space agency was happy to have 36 OneWeb satellites on board the LVM3 rocket, ready for deployment in orbit. The wee-hour launch that is to take place at 12:07 am on Sunday, will take place from India's spaceport Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. This launch is meant to place 36 satellites of UK-based OneWeb, in Low Earth Orbit, around 601 kms above the earth's surface. Here's the much-awaited integration #video of the heaviest #rocket designed & built in #India - GSLV Mk3/LVM3 This beast will be launched tomo 00:07 in its maiden commercial mission & orbiting 36 satellites of @OneWeb This'll mark foray of #isro into global medium-lift market🚀 pic.twitter.com/IvMpAgQvTQ — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 22, 2022 × This mission is dubbed as 'LVM3 M2/OneWeb India-1' and 'M2' refers to the fact that this is the second operational launch of India's heaviest rocket Launch Vehicle Mark 3 (LVM 3 or GSLV Mk3). The suffix of OneWeb India-1 signifies that the launch is being facilitated for the customer company, UK-based OneWeb. The number '1' is meant to denote that this is the first of two launches that ISRO will be carrying out for OneWeb, as part of a launch contract. ALSO READ: 24-hour countdown for GSLV Mk3's first-ever commercial flight to begin Saturday "It's truly a red-letter day for India, NSIL (commercial arm of ISRO) and OneWeb. As we embark upon the 14th launch of OneWeb, which will inject 36 new satellites into orbit, this becomes a very special moment for all of us. I am very glad that today, we are lifting off one of the most important missions from India, on the GSLV Mk3 rocket" said Sunil Bharti Mittal, Founder and Chairman, Bharti Enterprises. "Today we're going to witness historic LVM3-OneWeb mission, 1st-ever commercial launch of LVM3 & 36sats to be orbited" S.Somanath, Chairman #ISRO "Truly a red-letter day for #India ,NSIL @isro & @OneWeb ;14th launch of OneWeb, a spl moment" Sunil Bharti Mittal,Bharti Enterprise pic.twitter.com/WwbvDENRp2 — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 22, 2022 × OneWeb is a global communication network powered from space, enabling connectivity for governments, businesses and communities. The firm is implementing a constellation of Low Earth orbit satellites, which will be arranged in 12 orbital planes with 49 satellites in each plane, this constellation will have a total of 648 satellites. India's Bharti Enterprises serves as a major shareholder and investor in OneWeb. This is OneWeb's 14th launch overall and first-ever launch with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and its commercial arm NSIL. ALSO READ: Land acquisition complete for India's 2nd spaceport, work may begin soon, says former ISRO Director The duration of the mission, from lift-off till separation of the first satellite will be a little over 19 minutes. This launch will mark the entry of the Indian GSLV Mk3 rocket into the global medium-lift commercial launch services arena, which has largely been a duopoly of American and European firms. The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry 4-ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tons to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II. "This launch'll open up the big commercial launch service market, for LVM3 #rocket .Many operators world over are looking at establishing LEO constellations for global comms..This effort by #NSIL will enhance India's market share in global #space economy" Radhakrishnan, CMD, NSIL pic.twitter.com/ccPvc6Arx9 — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 22, 2022 × D.Radhakrishnan, Chairman and Managing Director, NSIL, referred to this launch as a significant milestone for NSIL. He added that it would open up the big global commercial launch service market for this rocket, as many operators world-over were looking to build Low Earth Orbit constellations for meeting global communications needs. He said that this effort of NSIL would go a long way in Enhancing India's share in the global space economy. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

‘Historic event’: ISRO chairman Somanath ahead of 'LVM3 M2 OneWeb India-1' mission

The 24-hour countdown for the first-ever commercial launch of India's heaviest rocket, the GSLV Mk3 is set to commence at 00:07 hrs on Saturday. The launch will be carried out from India's spaceport Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota on Sunday, 23rd October at 12:07 am.&nbsp;

The wee-hour launch is meant to place 36 satellites of UK-based OneWeb, in Low Earth Orbit, around 601kms above the earth's surface.&nbsp;

During the countdown, the rocket's systems and satellite health will be monitored. Liquid and cryogenic fuels that power the second and third stage of the rocket respectively would also be filled during the final hours of the countdown.&nbsp;

OneWeb is a global communication network powered from space, enabling connectivity for governments, businesses and communities. The firm is implementing a constellation of Low Earth orbit satellites, which will be arranged in 12 orbital planes with 49 satellites in each plane; this constellation will have a total of 648 satellites.&nbsp;

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/sorrowful-incident-says-minister-on-at-sea-incident-involving-indian-navy-at-ind-sl-boundary-527407">'Sorrowful incident' says minister on at-sea incident involving Indian Navy at Ind-SL boundary</a>

India's Bharti Enterprises serves as a major shareholder and investor in OneWeb. This is OneWeb's 14th launch overall and first-ever launch with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and its commercial arm NSIL.

The duration of the mission, from lift-off till separation of the first satellite will be a little over 19 minutes. This launch will mark the entry of the Indian GSLV Mk3 rocket into the global medium-lift commercial launch services arena, which has largely been a duopoly of American and European firms.&nbsp;

The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry a 4-ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II.

ALSO READ:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-designates-sankarasubramanian-as-principal-scientist-for-aditya-l1-mission-527103">ISRO designates Sankarasubramanian as Principal Scientist for Aditya-L1 mission</a> &nbsp;

Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the International market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites.

ISRO will be carrying out a similar launch of the GSLV Mk3 in early 2023, to place in orbit another batch of OneWeb satellites.&nbsp;

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The 24-hour countdown for the first-ever commercial launch of India's heaviest rocket, the GSLV Mk3 is set to commence at 00:07 hrs on Saturday. The launch will be carried out from India's spaceport Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota on Sunday, 23rd October at 12:07 am.

The 24-hour countdown for the first-ever commercial launch of India's heaviest rocket, the GSLV Mk3 is set to commence at 00:07 hrs on Saturday. The launch will be carried out from India's spaceport Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota on Sunday, 23rd October at 12:07 am. The wee-hour launch is meant to place 36 satellites of UK-based OneWeb, in Low Earth Orbit, around 601kms above the earth's surface. During the countdown, the rocket's systems and satellite health will be monitored. Liquid and cryogenic fuels that power the second and third stage of the rocket respectively would also be filled during the final hours of the countdown. OneWeb is a global communication network powered from space, enabling connectivity for governments, businesses and communities. The firm is implementing a constellation of Low Earth orbit satellites, which will be arranged in 12 orbital planes with 49 satellites in each plane; this constellation will have a total of 648 satellites. ALSO READ: 'Sorrowful incident' says minister on at-sea incident involving Indian Navy at Ind-SL boundary India's Bharti Enterprises serves as a major shareholder and investor in OneWeb. This is OneWeb's 14th launch overall and first-ever launch with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and its commercial arm NSIL. The duration of the mission, from lift-off till separation of the first satellite will be a little over 19 minutes. This launch will mark the entry of the Indian GSLV Mk3 rocket into the global medium-lift commercial launch services arena, which has largely been a duopoly of American and European firms. The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry a 4-ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II. ALSO READ: ISRO designates Sankarasubramanian as Principal Scientist for Aditya-L1 mission Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the International market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites. ISRO will be carrying out a similar launch of the GSLV Mk3 in early 2023, to place in orbit another batch of OneWeb satellites. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

24-hour countdown for GSLV Mk3's first-ever commercial flight to begin Saturday

Indian Space agency ISRO has designated senior Solar Scientist&nbsp;Dr Sankarasubramanian K&nbsp;as the Principal Scientist of the 'Aditya-L1' Mission. He heads the&nbsp;Space Astronomy Group (SAG) of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru, and had contributed to ISRO mission such as Chandrayaan 1 &amp;2, AstroSat, in several capacities.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Dr&nbsp;Sankarasubramanian has a&nbsp;PhD in Physics from Bangalore University through the Indian Institute&nbsp;of Astrophysics, Bengaluru. His research's areas of interest are the solar magnetic field, optics, and instrumentation. The Space Astronomy Group (SAG) which he heads is involved in developing scientific payloads for the upcoming missions of Aditya-L1, XPoSat, and science payload onboard the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module.&nbsp;

He is also the Principal Investigator for one of the X-ray payloads onboard Aditya-L1. Dr&nbsp;Sankarasubramanian K also heads the Aditya-L1 Science Working Group, which has members from several institutes of India engaged in solar science research.&nbsp;

Aditya-L1 is the first observatory-class space-based solar mission from India and is said to be scheduled for launch in 2023. The spacecraft will be placed in a halo orbit around the first Lagrange point, L1, of the Sun-Earth system. A satellite around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without occultation/eclipses. This position provides a greater advantage of observing solar activities continuously.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Aditya-L1 carries seven payloads to observe the photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layers of the Sun (the corona) using electromagnetic and particle detectors. According to ISRO, four payloads on Aditya-L1 directly view the Sun from the unique vantage point of L1, and the remaining three payloads carry out in-situ studies of particles and fields at the Lagrange point L1.&nbsp;

Indian Space agency ISRO has designated senior Solar Scientist Dr Sankarasubramanian K as the Principal Scientist of the 'Aditya-L1' Mission. He heads the Space Astronomy Group (SAG) of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru, and had contributed to ISRO mission such as Chandrayaan 1 &2, AstroSat, in several capacities.

Indian Space agency ISRO has designated senior Solar Scientist Dr Sankarasubramanian K as the Principal Scientist of the 'Aditya-L1' Mission. He heads the Space Astronomy Group (SAG) of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru, and had contributed to ISRO mission such as Chandrayaan 1 &2, AstroSat, in several capacities. Dr Sankarasubramanian has a PhD in Physics from Bangalore University through the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru. His research's areas of interest are the solar magnetic field, optics, and instrumentation. The Space Astronomy Group (SAG) which he heads is involved in developing scientific payloads for the upcoming missions of Aditya-L1, XPoSat, and science payload onboard the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module. He is also the Principal Investigator for one of the X-ray payloads onboard Aditya-L1. Dr Sankarasubramanian K also heads the Aditya-L1 Science Working Group, which has members from several institutes of India engaged in solar science research. Aditya-L1 is the first observatory-class space-based solar mission from India and is said to be scheduled for launch in 2023. The spacecraft will be placed in a halo orbit around the first Lagrange point, L1, of the Sun-Earth system. A satellite around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without occultation/eclipses. This position provides a greater advantage of observing solar activities continuously. Aditya-L1 carries seven payloads to observe the photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layers of the Sun (the corona) using electromagnetic and particle detectors. According to ISRO, four payloads on Aditya-L1 directly view the Sun from the unique vantage point of L1, and the remaining three payloads carry out in-situ studies of particles and fields at the Lagrange point L1.

ISRO designates Sankarasubramanian as Principal Scientist for Aditya-L1 mission      

Land acquisition has been completed for India's second spaceport at Kulasekarapattinam in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, revealed a top government official. Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, the vice president of Tamil Nadu State Council for Science & Technology and the former director, ISRO Satellite Center said the work on building the new spaceport may start anytime.

Land acquisition has been completed for India's second spaceport at Kulasekarapattinam in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, revealed a top government official. Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, the vice president of Tamil Nadu State Council for Science & Technology and the former director, ISRO Satellite Center said the work on building the new spaceport may start anytime. He was optimistic about the emergence of a space ecosystem around the new spaceport in Tamil Nadu's Tuticorin district. Sriharikota offers various advantages as an ideal launch site. Situated on the east coast and at a position nearer to the equator, rockets launched from here are aided by the additional velocity of Earth's West-East rotation. This effect of this rotation is felt closest to the equator and is almost nil at the earth's poles. This effect mainly benefits launches into equatorial orbits. Read more: Why is India building a new spaceport in Tamil Nadu? Dr Annadurai was speaking at the international conclave titled “Space Technology: The Next Business Frontier” hosted at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) by the US Consulate General and the Indian Space Association (ISpA). "It is predicted that 10,000 satellites will be launched in the next ten years. They are meant to perform functions ranging from communications, radars, optical sensors, remote sensing etc.," said Prof. Rajeev Jyoti, Director Technical, IN-SPACe, Indian National Space Promotion & Authorisation Centre. He elaborated by referring to the trend of the global space sector moving from the large satellites in geostationary orbit to developing small satellite constellations for low earth orbit. “Land acquisition for India’s 2nd spaceport (Kulasekarapattinam, #TamilNadu )has been completed, work may begin soon” Dr. Mylswamy Annadurai, VP TN Council Sci&Tech, Fmr Director, URSC #isro He emphasises- #india can capitalise on demand for small sat lunches from 2nd spaceport pic.twitter.com/uJdsgzxlOg — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 18, 2022 × Urging the Indian industry and private sector to take forward the country's space programme, he said that solutions had to be developed for space debris mitigation, as space was getting increasingly crowded. Referring to the new rules of the Federal Communications Commission(FCC), he said that defunct space objects (debris) had to now be removed within five years, as opposed to the earlier 25-year time period for the same. Adding to the prospects for India in the era of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations, Dr Annadurai added that the new SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle) rocket holds huge potential. He emphasised how the rocket would be able to perform to its full payload capability, once it is launched from the upcoming spaceport in Tamil Nadu's Kulasekarapattinam. Currently, India carries out all rocket launch activity from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Land acquisition complete for India's 2nd spaceport, work may begin soon, says former ISRO Director

Throwing light on work that is underway to develop a Next-Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV rocket) for India, Chairman, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) said that it should be cost-effective, support efficient manufacturing processes, reusable, and be possible to produce faster.

Throwing light on work that is underway to develop a Next-Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV rocket) for India, Chairman, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) said that it should be cost-effective, support efficient manufacturing processes, reusable, and be possible to produce faster. Dr S. Somanath, who heads ISRO and also serves as secretary of India's department of space, was addressing a gathering of fellow scientists and engineers from across domains. While firmly stating that India's existing fleet of PSLV and GSLV (with the exception of GSLV MKIII) rockets are 1980s technology and are meant to be retired someday, Somanath touched upon ISRO's future launch vehicle. He was speaking at the 'INAE Engineers Conclave-2022', which was hosted by ISRO's Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre(LPSC) in Kerala's Thiruvananthapuram. Read more: ISRO to launch 36 'OneWeb' satellites in maiden commercial flight of GSLV Mk III on Oct. 23 https://publish.twitter.com/?query=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fsdhrthmp%2Fstatus%2F1581960954564132864&widget=Tweet × Depictions of the prospective technical specifications of the NGLV indicated that it could carry up to 10 tonnes of payload to Geostationary Transfer Orbit (payload 2.5 times higher than India's current heaviest launcher GSLV MKIII). It was also revealed that this could be a three-stage launch vehicle that is powered by Green fuel combinations such as Methane and Liquid oxygen or Kerosene and Liquid oxygen. In terms of the intended utility of the vehicle, it was mentioned that NGLV could be used for launching multiple communication satellites, for deep space missions, for ferrying cargo, and for performing future human spaceflight missions. It is also intended that this rocket would offer a low cost per kilogramme to orbit. Read more: 'Private consortiums to build GSLV & SSLV rockets, in addition to PSLV', says ISRO chief This is a measure of how much it costs to take one kg of payload to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It is intended that the NGLV would offer launch costs of $1900/kg (in reusable configuration) and $3000/kg (in expendable configuration). Expendable configuration turns out expensive because of how the rocket parts fall back into the sea after their burn time, whereas reusable systems ensure that some or all parts of the rocket are recovered and can be reused in future launches. On the process of realising such a rocket, Somanath said that it is crucial to have the participation of Indian industry, right from the beginning of the definition stage of the rocket. He added that it would help make the rocket, manufacturing-friendly, and operational-friendly whilst making it possible for the Indian industry to build, operate, and launch the rocket with ISRO's technical support and backing. He envisioned this rocket as a 'national asset' and one that could operate for a long period, while also undergoing upgrades, as technology progresses. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

ISRO chairman shares insights into key aspects of India's next-gen rocket

The Indian Space Agency has announced that it will be having a wee-hour launch for the first-ever commercial flight of the GSLV Mk3 rocket, which is India's heaviest launch vehicle. Indian Space Research Organization specified that the launch would be carried out during the wee hours of Sunday, 23rd October, at 0007 hours, or seven minutes past the midnight hour.&nbsp;

ISRO will be carrying out this launch, as part of a contract between NewSpace India Limited (ISRO's commercial arm) and OneWeb, the UK-based Low Earth Orbit Satellite communications company. With this launch, OneWeb will have over 70 per cent&nbsp;of its planned Gen 1 LEO Constellation in orbit. The company is working towards delivering high-speed, low-latency connectivity services around the world.&nbsp;

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LVM3 - M2/OneWeb India-1 Mission: Launch scheduled at 0007 hrs. IST on October 23, 2022. Cryo stage, equipment bay (EB) assembly completed. Satellites are encapsulated and assembled in the vehicle. Final vehicle checks are in progress. <a href="https://twitter.com/NSIL_India?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NSIL_India</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/OneWeb?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@OneWeb</a> <a href="https://t.co/pPbqjDjFmS">pic.twitter.com/pPbqjDjFmS</a>
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"Cryo stage, equipment bay (EB) assembly completed. Satellites are encapsulated and assembled in the vehicle. Final vehicle checks are in progress" ISRO said.&nbsp;

The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry four-tonne class satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II.

Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes&nbsp;to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the international market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites. While India's GSLV Mk3 has flown all four Indian national missions successfully to date, this will be the first time that the rocket will be performing the paid service of ferrying customer satellites to space.&nbsp;

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indias-gslv-mk3-rocket-to-launch-oneweb-satellites-in-oct22-and-jan23-isro-chairman-493475">India's GSLV Mk3 rocket to launch Oneweb satellites in Oct'22 and Jan'23: ISRO Chairman</a>

Around the third week of September, a Ukrainian Antonov-124 transporter plane, ferrying the 36 OneWeb satellites flew all the way from Florida in the US to the Indian city of Chennai. The satellites were then transported by road to India's spaceport at&nbsp;Sriharikota in&nbsp;Southern Andhra Pradesh.&nbsp;

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The Indian Space Agency has announced that it will be having a wee-hour launch for the first-ever commercial flight of the GSLV Mk3 rocket, which is India's heaviest launch vehicle.

The Indian Space Agency has announced that it will be having a wee-hour launch for the first-ever commercial flight of the GSLV Mk3 rocket, which is India's heaviest launch vehicle. Indian Space Research Organization specified that the launch would be carried out during the wee hours of Sunday, 23rd October, at 0007 hours, or seven minutes past the midnight hour. ISRO will be carrying out this launch, as part of a contract between NewSpace India Limited (ISRO's commercial arm) and OneWeb, the UK-based Low Earth Orbit Satellite communications company. With this launch, OneWeb will have over 70 per cent of its planned Gen 1 LEO Constellation in orbit. The company is working towards delivering high-speed, low-latency connectivity services around the world. LVM3 - M2/OneWeb India-1 Mission: Launch scheduled at 0007 hrs. IST on October 23, 2022. Cryo stage, equipment bay (EB) assembly completed. Satellites are encapsulated and assembled in the vehicle. Final vehicle checks are in progress. @NSIL_India @OneWeb pic.twitter.com/pPbqjDjFmS — ISRO (@isro) October 14, 2022 × "Cryo stage, equipment bay (EB) assembly completed. Satellites are encapsulated and assembled in the vehicle. Final vehicle checks are in progress" ISRO said. The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). GSLV Mk III is designed to carry four-tonne class satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II. Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the international market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites. While India's GSLV Mk3 has flown all four Indian national missions successfully to date, this will be the first time that the rocket will be performing the paid service of ferrying customer satellites to space. Also read | India's GSLV Mk3 rocket to launch Oneweb satellites in Oct'22 and Jan'23: ISRO Chairman Around the third week of September, a Ukrainian Antonov-124 transporter plane, ferrying the 36 OneWeb satellites flew all the way from Florida in the US to the Indian city of Chennai. The satellites were then transported by road to India's spaceport at Sriharikota in Southern Andhra Pradesh. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

ISRO to launch 36 'OneWeb' satellites in maiden commercial flight of GSLV Mk III on Oct. 23

If the very manufacturers of a machine expect it to work for only a six-month duration, then it must be taken for granted that every additional day (beyond six months) of its operation is purely a bonus.

If the very manufacturers of a machine expect it to work for only a six-month duration, then it must be taken for granted that every additional day (beyond six months) of its operation is purely a bonus. The aforementioned situation is all the more applicable when it comes to machines that have to entirely operate in the harsh environs of Earth's orbit, deep space, or specifically Mars orbit. We are referring to India's maiden Mars Orbiter Mission(MoM) Mangalyaan, which is speculated to have recently reached the end of its life, after completing nine successful years post-launch from the Earth. There have been recent reports regarding Mangalyaan having run out of fuel and its battery being drained. However, the Indian space agency i.e. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) has not yet come out with any official communication in this regard. Firstly, one must understand that satellites carry a finite amount of fuel and can exhaust them sooner or later depending on how many times they have to fire their engine(s). In the case of Mangalyaan, the spacecraft had to expend fuel to perform multiple Orbit Raising Manoeuvres (ORM) and also to insert itself into Martian orbit and thereafter get aligned into the final intended orbit. Additionally, the spacecraft had to also perform burns to correct its orbit and also to avoid any comet showers. Despite all this, the spacecraft functioned for at least eight years in Martian orbit and performed scientific activities to study the Martian surface features, morphology, mineralogy, and Martian atmosphere. Read more: India's Mangalyaan mission comes to an end with no fuel and drained battery, says source According to ISRO, the highlights of this mission include having taken snapshots of the full disc of Mars at its farthest point and finer details from the closest point as well as first-time observation of the far side of Deimos, one of the moons of Mars. The Mars Colour Camera, one of the scientific payloads onboard the spacecraft, has produced 1100+ images so far and published a Mars Atlas, and has helped publish more than 35 research papers in peer-reviewed journals. As recently as last week, speaking at an event commemorating '8 Years of Mangalyaan', a senior ISRO scientist shared specific details on the MoM. "Right now, we have no fuel left, to be able to change the geometry of the spacecraft to the sun" the scientist is heard saying in the video. It was also elaborated that the spacecraft had to operate during back-to-back, long-duration eclipses(periods when the shadow of Mars falls on it, thus hindering its ability to receive solar energy on its panels and charge its batteries). Sr #ISRO scientist says “Right now, there is no fuel left..we are not able to change the geometry between the spacecraft and the sun”.. this is from last week’s @isro event titled ‘8 yrs of #Mangalyaan #MarsOrbiter ‘ ISRO foresaw the inevitable! Hoping for a statement on MoM pic.twitter.com/JXIHUlNF8K — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 3, 2022 × "From April 1, 2022, we have had back-to-back long eclipses that spanned anywhere from 30 minutes to seven-and-a-half hours...the one we really survived was an eclipse that lasted six and a half hours," the scientist says. Notably, the spacecraft did a critical manoeuvre in 2017 and ended up burning 20 kilogrammes of its 33 kg fuel. After that manoeuvre, the spacecraft had only 13 kg of fuel left, of which 2.5 kg is required every year for basic manoeuvres to remain in orbit, the scientist stated. Finally, it was added that there is only around 2 or 2.4 kg of fuel left in the spacecraft and that quantity won't be sufficient for any future manoeuvres. Read more: ISRO VSSC Director explains significance of latest hybrid rocket motor test Going by that statement, it is evident that ISRO has been well aware of the inevitable. Perhaps, the agency is making final attempts to possibly establish contact with the spacecraft and ascertain its condition. Under these conditions, it would be best for the Indian space agency itself to use proper channels and expeditiously communicate relevant information on MoM's health. This mission was accomplished in September 2014. Since mid-2015 (beyond the planned six months) the functioning of the spacecraft is only a bonus. For the coming times, the focus must remain on making the best use of the scientific data captured by this mission and enhancing the knowledge base about Mars and applying those lessons in future Mars exploration missions. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

When an ISRO scientist said 'Mangalyaan' was running really low on fuel

Clearing the mystery over the health of the country's nine-year-old Mars mission, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) declared the 'Mangalyaan' Mars orbiting spacecraft non-recoverable.

Clearing the mystery over the health of the country's nine-year-old Mars mission, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) declared the 'Mangalyaan' Mars orbiting spacecraft non-recoverable. This confirmation from ISRO comes after there were reports of the spacecraft having lost communication with the ground station and run out of fuel. Finally, #ISRO puts to rest the confusion over #MangalyaanMission After 8yrs of orbiting #Mars and generating terabytes of data…The #indian #satellite has gone for eternal rest.. @isro says fuel must have been exhausted, sat couldn’t look at sun, so declared non-recoverable https://t.co/uIZqt7Jv1o pic.twitter.com/8w6ougeWHP — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 3, 2022 × ISRO launched Mangalyaan or Mars Orbiter Mission (MoM) on November 3, 2013, and the spacecraft entered the Martian orbit on September 24, 2014, after a 300-days-long interplanetary journey. Designed for a six-month operational life in Martian orbit, the MoM spacecraft worked for almost eight years and generated ample quantities of scientific data about the red planet. "ISRO deliberated that the propellant (fuel onboard the spacecraft) must have been exhausted, and therefore, the desired attitude pointing could not be achieved (spacecraft's solar panels could not point towards the sun) for sustained power generation," read the statement from ISRO. Based on the analysis, the Indian space agency declared the spacecraft non-recoverable and as having reached the 'end of its life'. As recently as last week, speaking at an event commemorating '8 Years of Mangalyaan', a senior ISRO scientist shared specific details on the MoM. "Right now, we have no fuel left, to be able to change the geometry of the spacecraft to the sun" the scientist is heard saying in the video. It was also elaborated that the spacecraft had to operate during back-to-back, long-duration eclipses (periods when the shadow of Mars falls on it, thus hindering its ability to receive solar energy on its panels and charge its batteries)." Sr #ISRO scientist says “Right now, there is no fuel left..we are not able to change the geometry between the spacecraft and the sun”.. this is from last week’s @isro event titled ‘8 yrs of #Mangalyaan #MarsOrbiter ‘ ISRO foresaw the inevitable! Hoping for a statement on MoM pic.twitter.com/JXIHUlNF8K — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) October 3, 2022 × "From April 1, 2022, we have had back-to-back long eclipses that spanned anywhere from 30 minutes to seven-and-a-half hours...the one we really survived was an eclipse that lasted six and a half hours," the scientist says. Read more: When an ISRO scientist said 'Mangalyaan' was running really low on fuel The scientist also added that the spacecraft did a critical manoeuvre in 2017 and ended up burning 20 kilogrammes of its 33 kg fuel. After that manoeuvre, the spacecraft had only 13 kg of fuel left, of which 2.5 kg is required every year for basic manoeuvres to remain in orbit. Finally, it was added that there is only around 2 or 2.4 kg of fuel left in the spacecraft and that quantity won't be sufficient for any future manoeuvres. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

After 8 years of service, Indian space agency ISRO declares Mars mission non-recoverable

The Indian&nbsp;Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.e., they are&nbsp;powered by solid fuel and solid oxidizers or liquid fuel and liquid oxidisers. However, the latest Hybrid motor uses a Solid fuel Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as an oxidizer.&nbsp;

According to ISRO, the test of flight equivalent 30 kN hybrid motor demonstrated ignition and sustained combustion for the intended duration of 15 seconds. The motor performance was satisfactory, the Indian space agency added.&nbsp; 
&nbsp; 
Speaking to WION, Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre highlighted the advantages of the hybrid motor and its future applications. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is the lead Centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the Department of Space (DOS), Government of India. The Centre is named in fond memory of Dr Vikram A Sarabhai, the great visionary and the father of the Indian Space Programme. VSSC pioneers in rocket research and launch vehicle projects of ISRO.&nbsp;

He said that rocket motors powered by solid fuels and solid oxidizers are a single-use category. This essentially means that they are discarded (fall back into the ocean) after they burn out the fuel contained within. These motors also cannot be re-started and fired again. However, in the case of motors that use liquid fuel and a liquid oxidizer, the motors can be restarted and the amount of thrust can be throttled (controlled).&nbsp;

In the hybrid motor, the use of Liquid oxygen as oxidizer enables throttling of the motor and the control over the flow rate of the Liquid oxygen enables the re-start capability.

Simply put, the hybrid motor tested by ISRO combines the high-thrust capability of solid-fuelled motors and the re-start and throttle capability of liquid-fuelled motors. "Hybrid motors can be used for applications such as spent stage recovery (partially-reusable rockets). This technology is scalable and can be used for future rockets where there is a need for restart, throttle ability, more safety and greener fuel" Dr Nair elaborated.

He also added that the 30kN hybrid motor was designed using the Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR300) motor case and hence the new hybrid motor could be flight tested in the sounding rocket. Sounding rockets are smaller rockets that are meant to conduct upper atmospheric and space research. They are smaller and simpler in terms of technology and carry very less (up to 100kg payload) to altitudes between 80 km and 475 km when compared to orbital rockets that carry tons of payload to various orbits.

Queried about the specific purpose of firing the new hybrid motor for a short duration of 15 seconds, Dr Nair replied that&nbsp;duration was chosen because the most important part is the starting transient and how quickly the thrust gets stabilised from the ignition. He added that the duration of motor firing could be easily stretched for longer periods.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently completed a successful test of what it called a hybrid motor. Conventional motors that are developed by ISRO burn a chemical combination that is in similar states (either solid or liquid), i.e., they are powered by solid fuel and solid oxidizers or liquid fuel and liquid oxidisers. However, the latest Hybrid motor uses a Solid fuel Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as an oxidizer. According to ISRO, the test of flight equivalent 30 kN hybrid motor demonstrated ignition and sustained combustion for the intended duration of 15 seconds. The motor performance was satisfactory, the Indian space agency added. Speaking to WION, Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre highlighted the advantages of the hybrid motor and its future applications. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is the lead Centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the Department of Space (DOS), Government of India. The Centre is named in fond memory of Dr Vikram A Sarabhai, the great visionary and the father of the Indian Space Programme. VSSC pioneers in rocket research and launch vehicle projects of ISRO. He said that rocket motors powered by solid fuels and solid oxidizers are a single-use category. This essentially means that they are discarded (fall back into the ocean) after they burn out the fuel contained within. These motors also cannot be re-started and fired again. However, in the case of motors that use liquid fuel and a liquid oxidizer, the motors can be restarted and the amount of thrust can be throttled (controlled). In the hybrid motor, the use of Liquid oxygen as oxidizer enables throttling of the motor and the control over the flow rate of the Liquid oxygen enables the re-start capability. Simply put, the hybrid motor tested by ISRO combines the high-thrust capability of solid-fuelled motors and the re-start and throttle capability of liquid-fuelled motors. "Hybrid motors can be used for applications such as spent stage recovery (partially-reusable rockets). This technology is scalable and can be used for future rockets where there is a need for restart, throttle ability, more safety and greener fuel" Dr Nair elaborated. He also added that the 30kN hybrid motor was designed using the Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR300) motor case and hence the new hybrid motor could be flight tested in the sounding rocket. Sounding rockets are smaller rockets that are meant to conduct upper atmospheric and space research. They are smaller and simpler in terms of technology and carry very less (up to 100kg payload) to altitudes between 80 km and 475 km when compared to orbital rockets that carry tons of payload to various orbits. Queried about the specific purpose of firing the new hybrid motor for a short duration of 15 seconds, Dr Nair replied that duration was chosen because the most important part is the starting transient and how quickly the thrust gets stabilised from the ignition. He added that the duration of motor firing could be easily stretched for longer periods. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

ISRO VSSC Director explains significance of latest hybrid rocket motor test

Indian President Droupadi Murmu&nbsp;inaugurated the Integrated Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing Facility (ICMF) of the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, India's state-run aerospace and defence firm, in southern Bengaluru city on Tuesday.

“India is the sixth country in the world to have Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing capabilities. The glorious past of HAL and ISRO gives us an assurance that they will play a crucial role in the future,” she said.

Karnataka Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai, ISRO Chairman Dr. S.Somanth and HAL Director C.B.Ananthakrishnan also took part in the event.&nbsp;

Cryogenic engines are sophisticated machines that burn liquefied gases (supercooled into liquid form) as fuel and oxidizer. Cryogenic engines use liquid oxygen (stored at -183 degrees Centigrade) as an oxidizer and liquid hydrogen (stored at -253 degrees Centigrade) as fuel.

ISRO chief Somanath said that India can emerge as a superpower in rocket technology only with the help of HAL, which has shown the ability to absorb complicated space technology with perfection.

ISRO, therefore, is confident that the entire rocket manufacturing will happen at HAL’s facility, he added.&nbsp;

Referring to Bengaluru as the ‘Space City’, Chief Minister Bommai said the state contributed to most of the space and defence related manufacturing activities in the country and the Karnataka government will continue to support the development of science and technology projects in the state to realise the ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’(self-reliant India) vision.

This 4500sq meter facility will cater to the entire cryogenic rocket engine manufacturing needs of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

This facility has 70 high-tech equipment and testing apparatus for manufacturing CE20 Cryogenic engines and SE2000 cryogenic engines for Indian rockets.

The CE20 engines finds use in the final stage of the GSLV Mk3 rocket, while the SCE-2000 semi-cryogenic engine is meant to be used in the SC-120 rocket stage, which is being developed.&nbsp;

According to HAL, it was in 2013 that a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed with ISRO for establishing the facility for manufacturing of Cryogenic Engine modules at HAL, Aerospace Division.

The MOU for the Cryogenic Engine facility was subsequently amended in the year 2016 for setting up of Integrated Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing Facility (ICMF) with an investment of Rs.208 crores.

The aerospace firm added that the&nbsp;commissioning of all the critical equipment for the manufacturing and assembly requirement is completed. The pre-production activities which involve preparation of the process plans, drawings, quality plan etc. has also commenced. HAL will start realising the modules(engines) by March 2023&nbsp;

HAL Aerospace Division manufactures liquid propellant tanks and launch vehicle structures of Indian rockets PSLV, GSLV MK-II, GSLV Mk-III and also carries out stage integration for GSLV Mk-II.&nbsp;

&nbsp;

Indian President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the Integrated Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing Facility (ICMF) of the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, India's state-run aerospace and defence firm, in southern Bengaluru city on Tuesday.

Indian President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the Integrated Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing Facility (ICMF) of the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, India's state-run aerospace and defence firm, in southern Bengaluru city on Tuesday. “India is the sixth country in the world to have Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing capabilities. The glorious past of HAL and ISRO gives us an assurance that they will play a crucial role in the future,” she said. Karnataka Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai, ISRO Chairman Dr. S.Somanth and HAL Director C.B.Ananthakrishnan also took part in the event. Cryogenic engines are sophisticated machines that burn liquefied gases (supercooled into liquid form) as fuel and oxidizer. Cryogenic engines use liquid oxygen (stored at -183 degrees Centigrade) as an oxidizer and liquid hydrogen (stored at -253 degrees Centigrade) as fuel. ISRO chief Somanath said that India can emerge as a superpower in rocket technology only with the help of HAL, which has shown the ability to absorb complicated space technology with perfection. ISRO, therefore, is confident that the entire rocket manufacturing will happen at HAL’s facility, he added. Referring to Bengaluru as the ‘Space City’, Chief Minister Bommai said the state contributed to most of the space and defence related manufacturing activities in the country and the Karnataka government will continue to support the development of science and technology projects in the state to realise the ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’(self-reliant India) vision. This 4500sq meter facility will cater to the entire cryogenic rocket engine manufacturing needs of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). This facility has 70 high-tech equipment and testing apparatus for manufacturing CE20 Cryogenic engines and SE2000 cryogenic engines for Indian rockets. The CE20 engines finds use in the final stage of the GSLV Mk3 rocket, while the SCE-2000 semi-cryogenic engine is meant to be used in the SC-120 rocket stage, which is being developed. According to HAL, it was in 2013 that a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed with ISRO for establishing the facility for manufacturing of Cryogenic Engine modules at HAL, Aerospace Division. The MOU for the Cryogenic Engine facility was subsequently amended in the year 2016 for setting up of Integrated Cryogenic Engine Manufacturing Facility (ICMF) with an investment of Rs.208 crores. The aerospace firm added that the commissioning of all the critical equipment for the manufacturing and assembly requirement is completed. The pre-production activities which involve preparation of the process plans, drawings, quality plan etc. has also commenced. HAL will start realising the modules(engines) by March 2023 HAL Aerospace Division manufactures liquid propellant tanks and launch vehicle structures of Indian rockets PSLV, GSLV MK-II, GSLV Mk-III and also carries out stage integration for GSLV Mk-II.

Indian President Murmu inaugurates HAL's new manufacturing facility to build cryogenic engines

A Ukrainian Antonov-124 transporter plane, ferrying precious cargo that belonged to a British Internet service provider, flew all the way from Florida in the US to the Indian city of Chennai. As amazing as it sounds, these are among the final steps that are underway for the much-awaited, maiden commercial launch of India's heavy-lifter rocket, the GSLV Mk3.&nbsp;

While India's GSLV Mk3 has flown all four Indian national missions successfully to date, this will be the first time that the rocket will be performing the paid service of ferrying customer satellites into space.

The cargo offloaded by the heavy-lift transporter plane were the 36 satellites of British internet service provider 'OneWeb', which are to be launched from India's spaceport in Sriharikota. The launch, which is said to be scheduled for October will mark a major milestone for India's space agency - the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen).

It is designed to carry 4 ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tons to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II.

Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the international market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites.

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Florida ➡️ Satish Dhawan Space Centre 
 
We are excited to confirm the arrival of 36 satellites at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in advance of a planned launch from Sriharikota, India 🛰️ 
 
Thanks to our launch partners, <a href="https://twitter.com/isro?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@isro</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/NSIL_India?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NSIL_India</a> as well as the team at <a href="https://twitter.com/OneWebSatellit1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@OneWebSatellit1</a>. <a href="https://t.co/sNapT8aG9R">pic.twitter.com/sNapT8aG9R</a>
— OneWeb (@OneWeb) <a href="https://twitter.com/OneWeb/status/1572109306710970369?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 20, 2022</a></blockquote>
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Making an announcement of the satellites having landed in India, OneWeb tweeted, "Florida ➡️ Satish Dhawan Space Centre. We are excited to confirm the arrival of 36 satellites at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in advance of a planned launch from Sriharikota, India 🛰️Thanks to our launch partners, @isro and @NSIL_India as well as the team at @OneWebSatellit1".&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indias-gslv-mk3-rocket-to-launch-oneweb-satellites-in-oct22-and-jan23-isro-chairman-493475">India's GSLV Mk3 rocket to launch Oneweb satellites in Oct'22 and Jan'23: ISRO Chairman</a>

Earlier this year, Chairman, ISRO, Dr S.Somanath mentioned two launches that the GSLV Mk3 would be performing for the UK-based OneWeb. While the first launch was said to be in October 2022, the second launch is likely to be in January 2023.&nbsp;

A Ukrainian Antonov-124 transporter plane, ferrying precious cargo that belonged to a British Internet service provider, flew all the way from Florida in the US to the Indian city of Chennai.

A Ukrainian Antonov-124 transporter plane, ferrying precious cargo that belonged to a British Internet service provider, flew all the way from Florida in the US to the Indian city of Chennai. As amazing as it sounds, these are among the final steps that are underway for the much-awaited, maiden commercial launch of India's heavy-lifter rocket, the GSLV Mk3. While India's GSLV Mk3 has flown all four Indian national missions successfully to date, this will be the first time that the rocket will be performing the paid service of ferrying customer satellites into space. The cargo offloaded by the heavy-lift transporter plane were the 36 satellites of British internet service provider 'OneWeb', which are to be launched from India's spaceport in Sriharikota. The launch, which is said to be scheduled for October will mark a major milestone for India's space agency - the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The GSLV Mk3 rocket is a three-stage heavy-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO. The vehicle has two solid strap-on motors (burns solid fuel), a core-stage liquid booster (burns a combination of liquid fuels) and a cryogenic upper stage (burns liquid hydrogen with liquid oxygen). It is designed to carry 4 ton class of satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) or about 10 tons to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), which is about twice the capability of its predecessor, the GSLV Mk II. Thus far, ISRO has purely relied on its PSLV rocket (that can carry up to 1.75 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit), to do commercial launches. The addition of the GSLV MK3 to this list would mean that India can make a greater impact in the international market and thereby earn revenue from launching heavier customer satellites. Florida ➡️ Satish Dhawan Space Centre We are excited to confirm the arrival of 36 satellites at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in advance of a planned launch from Sriharikota, India 🛰️ Thanks to our launch partners, @isro and @NSIL_India as well as the team at @OneWebSatellit1. pic.twitter.com/sNapT8aG9R — OneWeb (@OneWeb) September 20, 2022 × Making an announcement of the satellites having landed in India, OneWeb tweeted, "Florida ➡️ Satish Dhawan Space Centre. We are excited to confirm the arrival of 36 satellites at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in advance of a planned launch from Sriharikota, India 🛰️Thanks to our launch partners, @isro and @NSIL_India as well as the team at @OneWebSatellit1". Also read | India's GSLV Mk3 rocket to launch Oneweb satellites in Oct'22 and Jan'23: ISRO Chairman Earlier this year, Chairman, ISRO, Dr S.Somanath mentioned two launches that the GSLV Mk3 would be performing for the UK-based OneWeb. While the first launch was said to be in October 2022, the second launch is likely to be in January 2023.

As ISRO launch vehicle GSLV Mk3 gets ready for maiden commercial flight; 'OneWeb' passengers arrive

Emirates Mars Mission "Science Lead" Hessa Al Matroushi has called ISRO an "important voice among the world’s younger space nations".

The Emirates Mars Mission was launched by United Arab Emirates Space Agency in 2020 for the exploration of the red planet.

The UAE space agency was created in 2014, while ISRO was established over 50 years ago in August of 1969.

Al Matroushi joined Emirates Mars Mission’s science team to work on the Emirates Mars Ultraviolet Spectrometer (EMUS) instrument in 2015. Her work was published in several papers, particularly in the analysis of models to simulate Mars' thermospheric oxygen emissions.&nbsp;

Recently, Emirates Mars Mission discovered new kind of ‘patchy’ mars proton aurora while working along with NASA’s MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) mission.

Speaking to WION’s diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, she explained the significance of the discovery.

WION: Kindly explain the ‘Proton Aurora’ to our readers.

Hessa Al Matroushi: The new aurora that the Emirates Mars Mission has discovered has been dubbed the ‘patchy proton aurora’ and is a totally new and previously unimagined behaviour of Mars’ atmosphere. Prior missions had observed a broad dayside glow, the proton aurora, caused by hydrogen atoms in the sparse atmosphere of the planet interacting with the solar wind – the stream of high-speed particles emitted by the sun.

The Emirates Mars Mission’s Hope probe has been something of a game changer, though, both because its unique elliptical orbit gives near complete coverage of the planet every nine days. This means we can see all of the planet where before we only had ‘snapshots’ and we see it with better coverage and fidelity not only at all times of day and night but also throughout the seasons.

Because of that, when we looked at the dayside atmosphere during periods of high solar activity, we saw that the proton aurora wasn’t in fact uniform – that there was significant turbulence taking place, in which hydrogen atoms, in particular, were interacting with the solar wind in a chaotic behaviour we hadn’t seen before. There are a number of triggers for this turbulence, and that’s where observations made by NASA’s MAVEN mission came in – we were able to correlate MAVEN data with the data we were getting from EMM’s Hope probe and explore some of the likely causes for this chaotic behaviour.

&nbsp;

WION: How significant is this discovery and your collaboration with NASA’s MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) mission?

Hessa Al Matroushi: This is the third set of unique observations Hope has made of Mars’ aurora – we had previously made planetary scale observations of the discrete nightside aurora, which map to the planet’s unique crustal magnetosphere, as well as a mysterious and huge auroral effect called the sinuous discrete aurora, which stretches almost halfway across the planet. All of these new phenomena give us insights into the interaction between the Martian atmosphere and the solar wind, which are critical to our understanding of how Mars’ atmosphere has been lost – at one time, we believe Mars had a rich atmosphere capable of supporting life, with running water on the planet’s surface. How this transformed into today’s dead planet is one of the questions that Hope has set out to better understand.

The data from MAVEN gave us context for our observations and helped us to better understand the causational environment for the patchy proton aurora. The paper we’ve published on the new phenomenon was made possible by a data-sharing collaboration linked between the Emirates Mars Mission and MAVEN and we think it shows how collaboration between nations and missions is critical to the exploration of space.

&nbsp;

WION: What next can we expect from the Emirates Mars Mission?

Hessa Al Matroushi: Basically, more data. We are releasing all of the data gathered by the Hope observatory every quarter and it’s freely available to any researcher, scientist or enthusiast around the world at the Emirates Mars Mission Science Data Center –https://sdc.emiratesmarsmission.ae.

&nbsp;

WION: Is a collaboration between the Emirates Mars Mission and India's ISRO in the pipeline?

Hessa Al Matroushi: We believe that collaboration between nations, missions, space agencies and the fast-growing private sector in space is critical for our future exploration of space. It’s one of the main reasons the UAE has launched the Abu Dhabi Space Debate, a new global forum designed to create a platform to address the critical issues that we all face moving forwards. The need for international cooperation and collaboration in the development of the space sector has never been more pressing and the Abu Dhabi Space Debate is a global platform for leaders and policymakers to review the opportunities and challenges ahead for the space sector and advance not only global dialogue and collaboration between nations but also forge concrete alliances and multilateral agreements that advance the sector as a whole. The inaugural debate is taking place in Abu Dhabi on December 5 and 6 this year and we hope it will be an opportunity to make concrete progress in advancing international cooperation, standards and policy-setting for the global space sector. Critically, we hope that ISRO, as an important voice among the world’s younger space nations, will be a major partner in that ongoing debate.

Emirates Mars Mission "Science Lead" Hessa Al Matroushi has called ISRO an "important voice among the world’s younger space nations". The Emirates Mars Mission was launched by United Arab Emirates Space Agency in 2020 for the exploration of the red planet.

Emirates Mars Mission "Science Lead" Hessa Al Matroushi has called ISRO an "important voice among the world’s younger space nations". The Emirates Mars Mission was launched by United Arab Emirates Space Agency in 2020 for the exploration of the red planet. The UAE space agency was created in 2014, while ISRO was established over 50 years ago in August of 1969. Al Matroushi joined Emirates Mars Mission’s science team to work on the Emirates Mars Ultraviolet Spectrometer (EMUS) instrument in 2015. Her work was published in several papers, particularly in the analysis of models to simulate Mars' thermospheric oxygen emissions. Recently, Emirates Mars Mission discovered new kind of ‘patchy’ mars proton aurora while working along with NASA’s MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) mission. Speaking to WION’s diplomatic correspondent Sidhant Sibal, she explained the significance of the discovery. WION: Kindly explain the ‘Proton Aurora’ to our readers. Hessa Al Matroushi: The new aurora that the Emirates Mars Mission has discovered has been dubbed the ‘patchy proton aurora’ and is a totally new and previously unimagined behaviour of Mars’ atmosphere. Prior missions had observed a broad dayside glow, the proton aurora, caused by hydrogen atoms in the sparse atmosphere of the planet interacting with the solar wind – the stream of high-speed particles emitted by the sun. The Emirates Mars Mission’s Hope probe has been something of a game changer, though, both because its unique elliptical orbit gives near complete coverage of the planet every nine days. This means we can see all of the planet where before we only had ‘snapshots’ and we see it with better coverage and fidelity not only at all times of day and night but also throughout the seasons. Because of that, when we looked at the dayside atmosphere during periods of high solar activity, we saw that the proton aurora wasn’t in fact uniform – that there was significant turbulence taking place, in which hydrogen atoms, in particular, were interacting with the solar wind in a chaotic behaviour we hadn’t seen before. There are a number of triggers for this turbulence, and that’s where observations made by NASA’s MAVEN mission came in – we were able to correlate MAVEN data with the data we were getting from EMM’s Hope probe and explore some of the likely causes for this chaotic behaviour. WION: How significant is this discovery and your collaboration with NASA’s MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) mission? Hessa Al Matroushi: This is the third set of unique observations Hope has made of Mars’ aurora – we had previously made planetary scale observations of the discrete nightside aurora, which map to the planet’s unique crustal magnetosphere, as well as a mysterious and huge auroral effect called the sinuous discrete aurora, which stretches almost halfway across the planet. All of these new phenomena give us insights into the interaction between the Martian atmosphere and the solar wind, which are critical to our understanding of how Mars’ atmosphere has been lost – at one time, we believe Mars had a rich atmosphere capable of supporting life, with running water on the planet’s surface. How this transformed into today’s dead planet is one of the questions that Hope has set out to better understand. The data from MAVEN gave us context for our observations and helped us to better understand the causational environment for the patchy proton aurora. The paper we’ve published on the new phenomenon was made possible by a data-sharing collaboration linked between the Emirates Mars Mission and MAVEN and we think it shows how collaboration between nations and missions is critical to the exploration of space. WION: What next can we expect from the Emirates Mars Mission? Hessa Al Matroushi: Basically, more data. We are releasing all of the data gathered by the Hope observatory every quarter and it’s freely available to any researcher, scientist or enthusiast around the world at the Emirates Mars Mission Science Data Center –https://sdc.emiratesmarsmission.ae. WION: Is a collaboration between the Emirates Mars Mission and India's ISRO in the pipeline? Hessa Al Matroushi: We believe that collaboration between nations, missions, space agencies and the fast-growing private sector in space is critical for our future exploration of space. It’s one of the main reasons the UAE has launched the Abu Dhabi Space Debate, a new global forum designed to create a platform to address the critical issues that we all face moving forwards. The need for international cooperation and collaboration in the development of the space sector has never been more pressing and the Abu Dhabi Space Debate is a global platform for leaders and policymakers to review the opportunities and challenges ahead for the space sector and advance not only global dialogue and collaboration between nations but also forge concrete alliances and multilateral agreements that advance the sector as a whole. The inaugural debate is taking place in Abu Dhabi on December 5 and 6 this year and we hope it will be an opportunity to make concrete progress in advancing international cooperation, standards and policy-setting for the global space sector. Critically, we hope that ISRO, as an important voice among the world’s younger space nations, will be a major partner in that ongoing debate.

Emirates Mars Mission's 'Science Lead' calls ISRO an 'important voice among world’s younger space nations'

Hughes Communications India (HCI) in collaboration with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on Monday officially launched its first high throughput satellite (HTS) broadband internet service in the country. The company had been testing its operation in North India for the last year.&nbsp;&nbsp;

From northeast to desolate parts of Leh and Ladakh, the company, using ISRO's Ku-band capacity of GSAT-11 and GSAT-29 satellites has promised to deliver high-speed satellite broadband services to remote locations across India.&nbsp;

Through the HTS technology, the company is already providing assistance to the Indian Army, and paramilitary forces patrolling the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and other remote border outposts.&nbsp;

ISRO Chairman Dr S Somnath, who was present at the launch stated that the partnership with the private sector was to help improve people's lives.&nbsp;&nbsp;

"With the new HTS capabilities powered by ISRO satellites, we are confident that HCI will continue to deliver excellent quality satellite broadband services and further enhance the connectivity experience that accelerates India's digital transformation." said Dr Somnath.&nbsp;&nbsp;

It is pertinent to note that currently, cooperative banks, telecommunication 4G operators, and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the customers of HTS service. At the moment, Hughes has 1 Gbps of capacity on HTS but expects to grow it to 10 Gbps to 100 Gbps in the future.&nbsp;

When quizzed if the company might be able to compete when the big players such as Starlink or Amazon find their way into the increasingly attractive satellite broadband service, Partho Banerjee, president and managing director, HCI stated that despite being in the B2B segment, their pricing was competitive.&nbsp;&nbsp;

"Currently, we are majorly operating in the B2B sector. In the B2B space, the value proposition is quite different from consumer space or single connectivity. There will be different segments but we are definitely cost-competitive. We are moving to the next generation of K band satellites as well where we will become even more cost-competitive,"&nbsp;Banerjee told WION.&nbsp;

A Make-in-India initiative

Meanwhile,&nbsp;Shivaji Chatterjee, senior vice-president, Hughes India stated that the company was truly in essence with the Make in India initiative.&nbsp;

"Of course the satellite is Indian (laughs). However, under Hughes India, we have a lot of products made in India. So far Reliance Jio, the entire system, the outdoor modem etc. are made in India. The antenna and the dishes you see are completely made by the company in India.&nbsp;The Indian Oil and SD-WAN project are also made in India," Chatterjee told WION.&nbsp;

What is HTS?

Succinctly put,&nbsp;High-throughput Satellite differs&nbsp;from a conventional satellite in the sense that it increases capacity when using the same amount of orbital spectrum while simultaneously reducing the cost per bit.

According to Chatterjee, "HTS provides much more bandwidth. It provides much lower-cost bandwidth, and it provides a much higher user experience."

HTS uses spot-beam to perform its operations, unlike traditional satellites which use a broad single beam or few beams. Spot beam technology allows to focus on a limited area and provides seamless and fast connectivity.&nbsp;

Hughes India uses its home-grown Jupiter system for both HTS and conventional satellite implementations worldwide. HCI is currently providing satellite broadband access to more than two lakh business and government sites across India.&nbsp;

WATCH WION LIVE HERE:&nbsp;

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="350" loading="”lazy”" src="https://www.wionews.com/live-tv/embed?autoplay=1&amp;mute=1" width="100%"></iframe>

&nbsp;

Hughes Communications India (HCI) in collaboration with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on Monday officially launched its first high throughput satellite (HTS) broadband internet service in the country.

Hughes Communications India (HCI) in collaboration with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on Monday officially launched its first high throughput satellite (HTS) broadband internet service in the country. The company had been testing its operation in North India for the last year. From northeast to desolate parts of Leh and Ladakh, the company, using ISRO's Ku-band capacity of GSAT-11 and GSAT-29 satellites has promised to deliver high-speed satellite broadband services to remote locations across India. Through the HTS technology, the company is already providing assistance to the Indian Army, and paramilitary forces patrolling the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and other remote border outposts. ISRO Chairman Dr S Somnath, who was present at the launch stated that the partnership with the private sector was to help improve people's lives. "With the new HTS capabilities powered by ISRO satellites, we are confident that HCI will continue to deliver excellent quality satellite broadband services and further enhance the connectivity experience that accelerates India's digital transformation." said Dr Somnath. It is pertinent to note that currently, cooperative banks, telecommunication 4G operators, and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the customers of HTS service. At the moment, Hughes has 1 Gbps of capacity on HTS but expects to grow it to 10 Gbps to 100 Gbps in the future. When quizzed if the company might be able to compete when the big players such as Starlink or Amazon find their way into the increasingly attractive satellite broadband service, Partho Banerjee, president and managing director, HCI stated that despite being in the B2B segment, their pricing was competitive. "Currently, we are majorly operating in the B2B sector. In the B2B space, the value proposition is quite different from consumer space or single connectivity. There will be different segments but we are definitely cost-competitive. We are moving to the next generation of K band satellites as well where we will become even more cost-competitive," Banerjee told WION. A Make-in-India initiative Meanwhile, Shivaji Chatterjee, senior vice-president, Hughes India stated that the company was truly in essence with the Make in India initiative. "Of course the satellite is Indian (laughs). However, under Hughes India, we have a lot of products made in India. So far Reliance Jio, the entire system, the outdoor modem etc. are made in India. The antenna and the dishes you see are completely made by the company in India. The Indian Oil and SD-WAN project are also made in India," Chatterjee told WION. What is HTS? Succinctly put, High-throughput Satellite differs from a conventional satellite in the sense that it increases capacity when using the same amount of orbital spectrum while simultaneously reducing the cost per bit. According to Chatterjee, "HTS provides much more bandwidth. It provides much lower-cost bandwidth, and it provides a much higher user experience." HTS uses spot-beam to perform its operations, unlike traditional satellites which use a broad single beam or few beams. Spot beam technology allows to focus on a limited area and provides seamless and fast connectivity. Hughes India uses its home-grown Jupiter system for both HTS and conventional satellite implementations worldwide. HCI is currently providing satellite broadband access to more than two lakh business and government sites across India. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

ISRO and Hughes launch India's first commercial satellite broadband service

Earlier this month, it was announced that the private sector will soon be manufacturing and realising the country's most reliable rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).

Earlier this month, it was announced that the private sector will soon be manufacturing and realising the country's most reliable rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). On Monday, on the sidelines of the launch of India's first satellite broadband service, ISRO Chairman Dr S Somnath added that private consortiums will soon be manufacturing India's heavy rockets viz. the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rockets as well. Quizzed whether ISRO will be collaborating with the private sector for the heavy launch vehicles, the ISRO chief replied in affirmative. "In due course time, we will be handing over the manufacturing of GSLV-MK III and SSLV to industrial consortiums. That is our plan for the long term to hand over all operational launches...to be rebuilt, relaunched and operated on a commercial basis by NSIL (New Space India Limited) [ISRO's commercial arm]." Dr Somnath told WION. The ISRO chief further added, "We are also looking at how in the future rockets can be built, designed and built by consortiums, industries and NSIL for a better, cost-effective structure. Instead of government spending money. This model will be changing in due course of time," Read more: ISRO and Hughes launch India's first commercial satellite broadband service It is pertinent to note that GSLV series is the largest launch vehicle developed by India, which is currently in operation. ISRO chief added that the private space industry in India was growing. "We believe that the satellites which are coming up in the private ecosystem which is definitely going to happen. That's the market we are looking at. We are also seeing the growth of the industry significantly in India. Not only small satellites but bigger satellites are also being built here in India. Maybe the ones that are being built outside will also be built here in India. We hope that it will happen and NSIL will move towards that market." said Dr Somnath. Read more: ISRO: Indigenously designed and developed supersonic decelerator test successful As reported by WION, a consortium of the government-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private entity L&T won the bid for building five PSLV rockets, over a period of four years. The contract for the same was exchanged between HAL and ISRO's commercial arm NSIL (New Space India Limited) during the inaugural session of the seventh Bengaluru Space Expo 2022. Based on competitive bidding, the HAL-led consortium emerged as the successful one with their $109 million (Rs 860 crore) bid. Read more: ISRO PSLV to be entirely made by industry WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

'Private consortiums to build GSLV & SSLV rockets, in addition to PSLV', says ISRO chief

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) recently announced the successful test of a supersonic 'Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator' (IAD). The IAD was indigenously designed by ISRO's lead facility, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(VSSC), and was realised by the Indian industry. WION spoke to Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, VSSC, regarding the significance of this test; what went into the making, and the potential this technology holds.

Traditionally, rocket scientists think of ways and means to have their rockets travel faster and do so more efficiently. However, when it comes to performing interplanetary missions and recovering spent rocket stages(re-usability), it is crucial to slow down a rocket/spacecraft. The rocket stages that are re-entering earth's atmosphere travel at supersonic speeds and spacecraft entering other planets travel at hypersonic speeds.

The commonly used technology to slow down a descending spacecraft/rocket is the firing of a retro-rocket. Simply put, when a rocket is on the ground its engines are fired to lift it off and it functions like a typical rocket. In the case of re-entry, the rocket is travelling at high speeds owing to the energy added by its propulsion system and gravitational pull on its mass.&nbsp;

So, the same engines used for lift-off are fired again to slow it down to a suitable speed for landing. The IAD aims to do something similar without firing rocket engines. It just uses friction or aerodynamic drag.

"IAD is an inflatable structure made of kevlar fabric, coated with Polychloroprene. As the IAD is made of fabric, it can be packed into a small volume of 15litres and can be packed into the nosecone of RH300 rocket (which was used for the test). Once the test rocket reaches an altitude of about 84kilometre, the IAD is deployed and begins to slow down the rocket body(the component known as the payload part) as it undergoes atmospheric re-entry and finally splashes down in the sea" explained Dr Nair.

Read more:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/isro-pslv-to-be-entirely-made-by-industry-513462">ISRO PSLV to be entirely made by industry</a>

He added that the inflation of the IAD was carried out by compressed nitrogen gas stored in a gas bottle. Once the IAD falls into the sea, it is deflated by firing a pyro valve to prevent it from floating and thereby causing any harm to sea vehicles.&nbsp;

Notably, this is the first time that an IAD is designed specifically for spent stage recovery. The IAD has huge potential in a variety of space applications like recovery of spent stages of the rocket, landing payloads on Mars or Venus, and making space habitats for human space flight missions.

"This demonstration opens a gateway for cost effective spent stage recovery using the IAD technology. This technology can also be used in ISRO's future missions to Venus and Mars" said Dr S Somanath, Chairman ISRO, and Secretary DOS, who witnessed the successful launch.

Read more<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/emirates-mars-mission-discovers-new-patchy-proton-aurora-on-red-planet-512368">:&nbsp;Emirates Mars Mission discovers new 'patchy' Proton Aurora on the red planet</a>

Queried about the scalability of the IAD and the possibility of guided landings, Dr Nair said that it can be scaled up to recover even a spent rocket stage.&nbsp;

"It can be used to systematically decelerate a re-entering vehicle by gradually inflating the decelerator. As such, the IAD is not guided. For sea landing precise guidance is not a must. By suitably sizing the IAD, the need for a retro rocket can be avoided for spent stages of vehicle first stage, where energy of spent stage is comparatively less." said Dr Nair before adding that we are yet to do a scaled-up design.&nbsp;

WATCH WION LIVE HERE:&nbsp; 
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="350" loading="”lazy”" src="https://www.wionews.com/live-tv/embed?autoplay=1&amp;mute=1" width="100%"></iframe> &nbsp;

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) recently announced the successful test of a supersonic 'Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator' (IAD). The IAD was indigenously designed by ISRO's lead facility, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(VSSC), and was realised by the Indian industry.

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) recently announced the successful test of a supersonic 'Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator' (IAD). The IAD was indigenously designed by ISRO's lead facility, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(VSSC), and was realised by the Indian industry. WION spoke to Dr S. Unnikrishnan Nair, Director, VSSC, regarding the significance of this test; what went into the making, and the potential this technology holds. Traditionally, rocket scientists think of ways and means to have their rockets travel faster and do so more efficiently. However, when it comes to performing interplanetary missions and recovering spent rocket stages(re-usability), it is crucial to slow down a rocket/spacecraft. The rocket stages that are re-entering earth's atmosphere travel at supersonic speeds and spacecraft entering other planets travel at hypersonic speeds. The commonly used technology to slow down a descending spacecraft/rocket is the firing of a retro-rocket. Simply put, when a rocket is on the ground its engines are fired to lift it off and it functions like a typical rocket. In the case of re-entry, the rocket is travelling at high speeds owing to the energy added by its propulsion system and gravitational pull on its mass. So, the same engines used for lift-off are fired again to slow it down to a suitable speed for landing. The IAD aims to do something similar without firing rocket engines. It just uses friction or aerodynamic drag. "IAD is an inflatable structure made of kevlar fabric, coated with Polychloroprene. As the IAD is made of fabric, it can be packed into a small volume of 15litres and can be packed into the nosecone of RH300 rocket (which was used for the test). Once the test rocket reaches an altitude of about 84kilometre, the IAD is deployed and begins to slow down the rocket body(the component known as the payload part) as it undergoes atmospheric re-entry and finally splashes down in the sea" explained Dr Nair. Read more: ISRO PSLV to be entirely made by industry He added that the inflation of the IAD was carried out by compressed nitrogen gas stored in a gas bottle. Once the IAD falls into the sea, it is deflated by firing a pyro valve to prevent it from floating and thereby causing any harm to sea vehicles. Notably, this is the first time that an IAD is designed specifically for spent stage recovery. The IAD has huge potential in a variety of space applications like recovery of spent stages of the rocket, landing payloads on Mars or Venus, and making space habitats for human space flight missions. "This demonstration opens a gateway for cost effective spent stage recovery using the IAD technology. This technology can also be used in ISRO's future missions to Venus and Mars" said Dr S Somanath, Chairman ISRO, and Secretary DOS, who witnessed the successful launch. Read more: Emirates Mars Mission discovers new 'patchy' Proton Aurora on the red planet Queried about the scalability of the IAD and the possibility of guided landings, Dr Nair said that it can be scaled up to recover even a spent rocket stage. "It can be used to systematically decelerate a re-entering vehicle by gradually inflating the decelerator. As such, the IAD is not guided. For sea landing precise guidance is not a must. By suitably sizing the IAD, the need for a retro rocket can be avoided for spent stages of vehicle first stage, where energy of spent stage is comparatively less." said Dr Nair before adding that we are yet to do a scaled-up design. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

ISRO: Indigenously designed and developed supersonic decelerator test successful

In a welcome step, Indian industry will soon be entirely manufacturing and realising the country's most reliable rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. This development comes after a consortium of the Government-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private entity L&amp;T won the bid for building five PSLV rockets, over a period of four years.&nbsp;&nbsp;

The contract for the same was exchanged between HAL and ISRO's commercial arm NSIL (New Space India Limited) during the inaugural session of the 7th Bengaluru Space Expo 2022.&nbsp;As part of its mandate, NSIL had invited Expression of Interest (EoI) on August 16, 2019, for realization of five PSLV-XL Launch Vehicles by Indian industry. Based on competitive bidding the HAL-led consortium emerged as the successful with their Rs.860cr bid.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/node/513381" hreflang="en">Delhi man leaves 77-page suicide note, details how he killed his mother</a>

Originally designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the PSLV rocket has flown over 50 successful missions (most-ever for an Indian rocket), thus earning the moniker of being the country's workhorse spacefaring machine.&nbsp;&nbsp;

In recent years, the Indian Government has been introducing reforms in the predominantly Government-controlled space sector, to enable greater participation of the private industry. While Indian industry has long been contributing as component manufacturers and suppliers of parts, the recent reforms are aimed at enabling end-to-end participation, which includes the approvals to build rockets and satellites and related ground infrastructure.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

In a welcome step, Indian industry will soon be entirely manufacturing and realising the country's most reliable rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. This development comes after a consortium of the Government-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private entity L&T won the bid for building five PSLV rockets, over a period of four years.

In a welcome step, Indian industry will soon be entirely manufacturing and realising the country's most reliable rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. This development comes after a consortium of the Government-run Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private entity L&T won the bid for building five PSLV rockets, over a period of four years. The contract for the same was exchanged between HAL and ISRO's commercial arm NSIL (New Space India Limited) during the inaugural session of the 7th Bengaluru Space Expo 2022. As part of its mandate, NSIL had invited Expression of Interest (EoI) on August 16, 2019, for realization of five PSLV-XL Launch Vehicles by Indian industry. Based on competitive bidding the HAL-led consortium emerged as the successful with their Rs.860cr bid. Also read | Delhi man leaves 77-page suicide note, details how he killed his mother Originally designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the PSLV rocket has flown over 50 successful missions (most-ever for an Indian rocket), thus earning the moniker of being the country's workhorse spacefaring machine. In recent years, the Indian Government has been introducing reforms in the predominantly Government-controlled space sector, to enable greater participation of the private industry. While Indian industry has long been contributing as component manufacturers and suppliers of parts, the recent reforms are aimed at enabling end-to-end participation, which includes the approvals to build rockets and satellites and related ground infrastructure.

ISRO PSLV to be entirely made by industry

Mangalyaan or India's Mars Orbiter Mission and its record-breaking successful entry into Martian orbit in the maiden attempt is a tale of frugal engineering and perseverance, which is known far and wide. 'Yaanam' (Sanskrit for journey), a 44-minute documentary is an attempt to show the masses what went into the making of Mangalyaan and the efforts of the Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) scientists who worked on the mission, from the perspective of the scientists themselves.

According to National award winner Vinod Mankara who directed the project, 'Yaanam' is entirely narrated in the ancient Indian language Sanskrit and this would be the first-ever science documentary to be made in the language. Based on the book 'My Odyssey' by Dr K.Radhakrishnan, the documentary is put together with the support of archival videos of ISRO's Mangalyaan mission and the related developmental activities.&nbsp;

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'Yaanam' is the world's first science-sanskrit film &amp;it is entirely about India's Mars Orbiter Mission(Mangalyaan), how <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/indian?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#indian</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/isro?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#isro</a> scientists succeeded on maiden attempt(a world 1st).This 44-min documentary features fmr Chairman Dr.Radhakrishnan &amp; others, all speak <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/sanskrit?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#sanskrit</a> <a href="https://t.co/VEWcyN0lmS">pic.twitter.com/VEWcyN0lmS</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1561188194837622784?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 21, 2022</a></blockquote>
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"There is a misconception that Sanksrit is a language that is only meant for devotion and and scriptures, even my first Sanskrit film 'Priyamanasam' was made to break this misconception. Sanskrit language has a wider scope and now 'Yaanam' is my second Sanskrit film project. this documentary has been made in such a way that it can easily be understood for even the common man and those with least exposure to space science" Vinod Mankara told WION.

Team 'Yaanam' has ensured that even the ISRO scientists whose clips are featured in the project, spoke in Sanskrit and explained the significance of their work. Dr Radhakrishnan, former Chairman, ISRO (who served at the top role during Mangalyaan), and Dr S. Somanath, Chairman, ISRO (who is serving in the role since January 2022) are among those who will feature in the project.&nbsp;

Vinod adds that this project would not have materialized without the support of ISRO, its Chairman Dr S. Somanath and producer Dr AV Anoop, who bankrolled the niche, non-commercial project, which is executed in the Sanskrit language and screened with English subtitles.&nbsp;

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Directed by national award-winning filmmaker Vinod Mankara , ‘Yaanam’ is produced by AVA productions &amp; documentary will have its world premiere today in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/chennai?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#chennai</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/TamilNadu?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#TamilNadu</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/india?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#india</a> ,in the presence of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ISRO?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ISRO</a> leadership &amp; senior scientists 
 
It will be available on OTT/YouTube soon! <a href="https://t.co/z9Qf3npzzX">https://t.co/z9Qf3npzzX</a> <a href="https://t.co/S44EPlNaMT">pic.twitter.com/S44EPlNaMT</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1561221608546930689?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 21, 2022</a></blockquote>
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"I had read the entire biographical account of Dr Radhakrishnan and at one point in time Vinod (the Director) told me about the documentary idea and also checked with Dr Radhakrishnan (former Chairman, ISRO), and that's how the project took off. The entire team ISRO is excited and we will be organizing special screenings for the scientific community. 'Yaanam' is a project that our team completed in less than three months and we will have our first screening on August 21st, Sunday." Dr AV Anoop, the project producer told WION.&nbsp;

He added that ISRO had provided complete support for this project by offering archival footage from the Mangalyaan mission days, permission to film at various ISRO facilities and also access to their senior leadership. Notably, ISRO leaders are also seen showcasing their artistic side in this documentary.&nbsp;

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&nbsp;

Mangalyaan or India's Mars Orbiter Mission and its record-breaking successful entry into Martian orbit in the maiden attempt is a tale of frugal engineering and perseverance, which is known far and wide.

Mangalyaan or India's Mars Orbiter Mission and its record-breaking successful entry into Martian orbit in the maiden attempt is a tale of frugal engineering and perseverance, which is known far and wide. 'Yaanam' (Sanskrit for journey), a 44-minute documentary is an attempt to show the masses what went into the making of Mangalyaan and the efforts of the Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) scientists who worked on the mission, from the perspective of the scientists themselves. According to National award winner Vinod Mankara who directed the project, 'Yaanam' is entirely narrated in the ancient Indian language Sanskrit and this would be the first-ever science documentary to be made in the language. Based on the book 'My Odyssey' by Dr K.Radhakrishnan, the documentary is put together with the support of archival videos of ISRO's Mangalyaan mission and the related developmental activities. 'Yaanam' is the world's first science-sanskrit film &it is entirely about India's Mars Orbiter Mission(Mangalyaan), how #indian #isro scientists succeeded on maiden attempt(a world 1st).This 44-min documentary features fmr Chairman Dr.Radhakrishnan & others, all speak #sanskrit pic.twitter.com/VEWcyN0lmS — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) August 21, 2022 × "There is a misconception that Sanksrit is a language that is only meant for devotion and and scriptures, even my first Sanskrit film 'Priyamanasam' was made to break this misconception. Sanskrit language has a wider scope and now 'Yaanam' is my second Sanskrit film project. this documentary has been made in such a way that it can easily be understood for even the common man and those with least exposure to space science" Vinod Mankara told WION. Team 'Yaanam' has ensured that even the ISRO scientists whose clips are featured in the project, spoke in Sanskrit and explained the significance of their work. Dr Radhakrishnan, former Chairman, ISRO (who served at the top role during Mangalyaan), and Dr S. Somanath, Chairman, ISRO (who is serving in the role since January 2022) are among those who will feature in the project. Vinod adds that this project would not have materialized without the support of ISRO, its Chairman Dr S. Somanath and producer Dr AV Anoop, who bankrolled the niche, non-commercial project, which is executed in the Sanskrit language and screened with English subtitles. Directed by national award-winning filmmaker Vinod Mankara , ‘Yaanam’ is produced by AVA productions & documentary will have its world premiere today in #chennai #TamilNadu #india ,in the presence of #ISRO leadership & senior scientists It will be available on OTT/YouTube soon! https://t.co/z9Qf3npzzX pic.twitter.com/S44EPlNaMT — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) August 21, 2022 × "I had read the entire biographical account of Dr Radhakrishnan and at one point in time Vinod (the Director) told me about the documentary idea and also checked with Dr Radhakrishnan (former Chairman, ISRO), and that's how the project took off. The entire team ISRO is excited and we will be organizing special screenings for the scientific community. 'Yaanam' is a project that our team completed in less than three months and we will have our first screening on August 21st, Sunday." Dr AV Anoop, the project producer told WION. He added that ISRO had provided complete support for this project by offering archival footage from the Mangalyaan mission days, permission to film at various ISRO facilities and also access to their senior leadership. Notably, ISRO leaders are also seen showcasing their artistic side in this documentary. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

'Yaanam' the story of India's Mars mission is the first-ever science documentary in Sanskrit

After launching the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV-D1) on Sunday morning, the Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) said the "satellites are no longer usable".&nbsp;

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(1/2) SSLV-D1/EOS-02 Mission update: SSLV-D1 placed the satellites into 356 km x 76 km elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit. Satellites are no longer usable. Issue is reasonably identified. Failure of a logic to identify a sensor failure and go for a salvage action
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1556208112138215424?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 7, 2022</a></blockquote>
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"The issue is reasonably identified. Failure of a logic to identify a sensor failure and go for a salvage action caused the deviation," ISRO declared.

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(2/2) caused the deviation. A committee would analyse and recommend. With the implementation of the recommendations, ISRO will come back soon with SSLV-D2. 
A detailed statement by Chairman, ISRO will be uploaded soon.
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1556208114621222912?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 7, 2022</a></blockquote>
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<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-launches-sslv-mission-small-satellite-carrying-azaadisat-built-by-girl-students-504436">Also Read:&nbsp;ISRO launches SSLV mission</a>

"SSLV-D1 placed the satellites into 356 km x 76 km elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit," it said.

India's space agency said a committee will analyse the launch. ISRO said it will come back soon with SSLV-D2. &nbsp;

The SSLV mission was carrying the Earth Observation Satellite EOS-02 and a student satellite named AzaadiSAT.

(With inputs from Agencies)

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After launching the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV-D1) on Sunday morning, the Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) said the "satellites are no longer usable".

After launching the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV-D1) on Sunday morning, the Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) said the "satellites are no longer usable". (1/2) SSLV-D1/EOS-02 Mission update: SSLV-D1 placed the satellites into 356 km x 76 km elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit. Satellites are no longer usable. Issue is reasonably identified. Failure of a logic to identify a sensor failure and go for a salvage action — ISRO (@isro) August 7, 2022 × "The issue is reasonably identified. Failure of a logic to identify a sensor failure and go for a salvage action caused the deviation," ISRO declared. (2/2) caused the deviation. A committee would analyse and recommend. With the implementation of the recommendations, ISRO will come back soon with SSLV-D2. A detailed statement by Chairman, ISRO will be uploaded soon. — ISRO (@isro) August 7, 2022 × Also Read: ISRO launches SSLV mission "SSLV-D1 placed the satellites into 356 km x 76 km elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit," it said. India's space agency said a committee will analyse the launch. ISRO said it will come back soon with SSLV-D2. The SSLV mission was carrying the Earth Observation Satellite EOS-02 and a student satellite named AzaadiSAT. (With inputs from Agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

SSLV launch: Satellites no longer usable, says ISRO

For the first-time ever, enthusiasts can witness the maiden launch of an all-new Indian rocket from an Indian Spaceport. The Indian Space Research Organization has announced that the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle(SSLV) will be having its maiden flight or first developmental flight on Saturday, August 7th, at 9:18am, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The icing on the cake is that public will be allowed to witness the launch from up-close, from ISRO's Launch Viewers gallery.&nbsp;

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The launch of the SSLV-D1/EOS-02 Mission is scheduled for Sunday, August 7, 2022, at 9:18 am (IST) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota. ISRO invites citizens to the Launch View Gallery at SDSC to witness the launch. Registration is open at <a href="https://t.co/J9jd8yDs4a">https://t.co/J9jd8yDs4a</a> <a href="https://t.co/rq37VfSfXu">pic.twitter.com/rq37VfSfXu</a>
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1554003107545092096?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 1, 2022</a></blockquote>
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&nbsp;

India's workhorse PSLV rocket had its maiden flight in 1993, GSLV rocket in 2001 and GSLV Mk3 rocket in 2017. However, during these launches the public did not have any means to witness the launch from the spaceport. In recent years, ISRO has inaugurated a Launch Viewers Gallery at Sriharikota and the public will have the opportunity to witness it from there, based on <a href="https://lvg.shar.gov.in/VSCREGISTRATION/index.jsp">prior registration</a> with ISRO.

SSLV&nbsp;is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr. Somanath had earlier told WION that&nbsp;SSLV&nbsp;was being conceptualized as a rocket that can be handed over to Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He had added that&nbsp;SSLV&nbsp;uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry.&nbsp;

On its maiden launch, the SSLV's primary payload is said to be the&nbsp;142kg 'Miscrosat 2A' or 'EOS-2', which is meant to meet the increasing demand for cadastral mapping(demarcation of land parcel boundaries), urban and rural management, coastal land use etc. The satellite carries two payloads MWIR and LWIR, with the resolution of 6meters.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

In addition to this, a student-built satellite <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/student-built-azaadisat-to-be-co-passenger-on-isros-maiden-launch-of-sslv-rocket-501487">'AzaadiSAT'</a> will also be piggybacking on the SSLV.&nbsp;

&nbsp;

For the first-time ever, enthusiasts can witness the maiden launch of an all-new Indian rocket from an Indian Spaceport. The Indian Space Research Organization has announced that the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle(SSLV) will be having its maiden flight or first developmental flight on Saturday, August 7th, at 9:18am, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

For the first-time ever, enthusiasts can witness the maiden launch of an all-new Indian rocket from an Indian Spaceport. The Indian Space Research Organization has announced that the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle(SSLV) will be having its maiden flight or first developmental flight on Saturday, August 7th, at 9:18am, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The icing on the cake is that public will be allowed to witness the launch from up-close, from ISRO's Launch Viewers gallery. The launch of the SSLV-D1/EOS-02 Mission is scheduled for Sunday, August 7, 2022, at 9:18 am (IST) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota. ISRO invites citizens to the Launch View Gallery at SDSC to witness the launch. Registration is open at https://t.co/J9jd8yDs4a pic.twitter.com/rq37VfSfXu — ISRO (@isro) August 1, 2022 × India's workhorse PSLV rocket had its maiden flight in 1993, GSLV rocket in 2001 and GSLV Mk3 rocket in 2017. However, during these launches the public did not have any means to witness the launch from the spaceport. In recent years, ISRO has inaugurated a Launch Viewers Gallery at Sriharikota and the public will have the opportunity to witness it from there, based on prior registration with ISRO. SSLV is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr. Somanath had earlier told WION that SSLV was being conceptualized as a rocket that can be handed over to Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He had added that SSLV uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry. On its maiden launch, the SSLV's primary payload is said to be the 142kg 'Miscrosat 2A' or 'EOS-2', which is meant to meet the increasing demand for cadastral mapping(demarcation of land parcel boundaries), urban and rural management, coastal land use etc. The satellite carries two payloads MWIR and LWIR, with the resolution of 6meters. In addition to this, a student-built satellite 'AzaadiSAT' will also be piggybacking on the SSLV.

Public can watch the maiden launch of India's SSLV rocket, from up-close; Here's how

As the Indian Space Research Organization's new-age Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) lifts off from the spaceport in Sriharikota, 750 girl students from across India will be watching in delight, with high expectations. On its maiden flight, which is scheduled for the first week of August 2022 (likely to be August 2nd), the SSLV will also be carrying the 'AzaadiSAT' that is a result of the girl students efforts.&nbsp;

Weighing 8kg, this student-built satellite carries 75 miniature payloads known as 'femto experiments' (developed by the school students), a selfie camera to study the performance of solar panels in space, in addition to a LoRa (Long Range Communications) transponder experiments, which would give low bandwidth connectivity to IOT devices at remote locations. It is equipped with a store and forward messaging system for amateur radio operators. The satellite also carries sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, pressure sensors, an accelerometer, gyroscope and a magnetometer.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/launch-timeline-and-cost-of-isros-five-upcoming-space-science-missions-revealed-500820">Launch timeline and cost of ISRO's five upcoming space science missions revealed</a>&nbsp;

According to Dr&nbsp;Srimathy Kesan, CEO, SpaceKidz India, the team which mentored the students to build the satellite, the entire satellite building effort was done from scratch. "The satellite bus(infrastructure and shell), on-board computer, communication system, power system etc were designed from scratch and done indigenously. It is going to motivate more girls into the space industry or to take up STEM subjects" she told WION.&nbsp;

It is important to note that 'AzaadiSAT' will be a normal orbital satellite, unlike most student satellites that piggyback on the 4th and final stage of the PSLV rocket. So, 'AzaadiSAT' is an upgrade over earlier students' satellites of SpaceKidz India, as the latest one has its own power systems, and batteries, that are expected to make it work in orbit for six months.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/experts-say-a-big-chinese-rocket-body-will-fall-to-earth-around-this-date-read-why-it-is-concerning-501275">Experts say a big Chinese rocket body will fall to Earth around THIS date. Read why it is concerning</a>&nbsp;

She added that their team signed the MoU for the launch on board the SSLV rocket, during the inauguration of INSPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center) headquarters in Ahmedabad, in the presence of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.&nbsp;

SSLV is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr Somanath had earlier told WION that SSLV was being conceptualised as a rocket that can be handed over to the Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He added that SSLV uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry.&nbsp;

The primary payload of the maiden SSLV rocket is said to be the 142kg 'Miscrosat 2A', which is meant to meet the increasing demand for cadastral mapping (demarcation of land parcel boundaries), urban and rural management, coastal land use etc. The satellite carries two payloads MWIR and LWIR, with a resolution of 6 meters.&nbsp;

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As the Indian Space Research Organization's new-age Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) lifts off from the spaceport in Sriharikota, 750 girl students from across India will be watching in delight, with high expectations.

As the Indian Space Research Organization's new-age Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) lifts off from the spaceport in Sriharikota, 750 girl students from across India will be watching in delight, with high expectations. On its maiden flight, which is scheduled for the first week of August 2022 (likely to be August 2nd), the SSLV will also be carrying the 'AzaadiSAT' that is a result of the girl students efforts. Weighing 8kg, this student-built satellite carries 75 miniature payloads known as 'femto experiments' (developed by the school students), a selfie camera to study the performance of solar panels in space, in addition to a LoRa (Long Range Communications) transponder experiments, which would give low bandwidth connectivity to IOT devices at remote locations. It is equipped with a store and forward messaging system for amateur radio operators. The satellite also carries sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, pressure sensors, an accelerometer, gyroscope and a magnetometer. ALSO READ | Launch timeline and cost of ISRO's five upcoming space science missions revealed According to Dr Srimathy Kesan, CEO, SpaceKidz India, the team which mentored the students to build the satellite, the entire satellite building effort was done from scratch. "The satellite bus(infrastructure and shell), on-board computer, communication system, power system etc were designed from scratch and done indigenously. It is going to motivate more girls into the space industry or to take up STEM subjects" she told WION. It is important to note that 'AzaadiSAT' will be a normal orbital satellite, unlike most student satellites that piggyback on the 4th and final stage of the PSLV rocket. So, 'AzaadiSAT' is an upgrade over earlier students' satellites of SpaceKidz India, as the latest one has its own power systems, and batteries, that are expected to make it work in orbit for six months. ALSO READ | Experts say a big Chinese rocket body will fall to Earth around THIS date. Read why it is concerning She added that their team signed the MoU for the launch on board the SSLV rocket, during the inauguration of INSPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center) headquarters in Ahmedabad, in the presence of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. SSLV is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr Somanath had earlier told WION that SSLV was being conceptualised as a rocket that can be handed over to the Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He added that SSLV uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry. The primary payload of the maiden SSLV rocket is said to be the 142kg 'Miscrosat 2A', which is meant to meet the increasing demand for cadastral mapping (demarcation of land parcel boundaries), urban and rural management, coastal land use etc. The satellite carries two payloads MWIR and LWIR, with a resolution of 6 meters. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Student-built 'AzaadiSAT' to be co-passenger on ISRO's maiden launch of SSLV rocket

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is well-known for having performed space science missions such as Chandrayaan 1 &amp; 2 (Lunar orbiter and observation missions) and Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission), among others. While ISRO did see a lull in the frequency of launches during the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, the Indian space agency has a busy launch calendar for the years to come.&nbsp;

ISRO's launches can generally be categorised into two kinds: "National Missions' that are meant to fulfil India's own strategic needs and 'Commercial Missions' where India provides the launch service for private companies or foreign countries that pay to have their satellites launched from India. However, national missions are not just about launching satellites for routine purposes such as navigation, telecommunication, Earth observation, strategic use, etc. Another crucial kind of national mission are those that are done for space exploration and interplanetary studies, etc. Such science missions are not just national in scope, but also benefit the larger global scientific community.

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<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ISRO?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ISRO</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NewsUpdate?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NewsUpdate</a> : Here's 5 Space <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/science?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#science</a> missions that <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Indian?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Indian</a> space agency <a href="https://twitter.com/isro?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@isro</a> will be performing by 2025.. The list with sanctioned cost, timeline, is as shared by <a href="https://twitter.com/DrJitendraSingh?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@DrJitendraSingh</a> in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/LokSabha?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#LokSabha</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ParliamentQuestion?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ParliamentQuestion</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ParliamentSession?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ParliamentSession</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/India?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#India</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/space?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#space</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Rocketry?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Rocketry</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/launch?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#launch</a> <a href="https://t.co/ddwERJ2PE4">pic.twitter.com/ddwERJ2PE4</a>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1551888851563847680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 26, 2022</a></blockquote>
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Dr. Jitendra Singh, who serves as India's Minister for State, Science &amp; Technology, revealed in the Lower House of Parliament that India would be performing five science missions by 2025. The mission names, sanctioned cost and proposed launch date are as follows:&nbsp;

"Aditya-L1, at a cost of Rs.3.7billion, launch by Q1 2023; Chandrayaan-3, at a cost of Rs.2.5billion, launch by Q1 2023, XPoSAT, at a cost of Rs 0.60 billion, launch by Q2 2023, Space Docking Experiment, at a cost of Rs.1.24billion, launch by Q3 2024 and Gaganyaan at a cost of Rs.90.23 billion, whereas the first milestone of Gaganyaan Abort Demonstration will be carried out by Q4 2022" it was shared in the Lok Sabha.

Aditya L1 is an Indian satellite mission meant to study the Corona(outer layers) of the Sun and explore related sciences, Chandrayaan-3 is the third Lunar mission and the country's second Lunar Landing attempt, XPoSAT is meant to study the Polarization of X-Rays in Space. Space Docking experiment is a project that will involve launching two different satellites and ensuring that they are able to dock and function as a single unit while in orbit. This in-space docking is a crucial technology that is the fundamental step in being able to perform in-space refuelling of satellites, building a space station, transferring astronauts from one spacecraft to another etc.&nbsp;

Gaganyaan is a science mission aimed at sending Indian astronauts to space, from an Indian spaceport and on-board an Indian rocket. To accomplish Gaganyaan, ISRO has to essentially modify its cargo-carrier GSLV Mark 3 rocket and make it reliable enough to carry astronauts. As per ISRO Chairman Dr.S. Somanath, ISRO would have to perform Crew Escape system tests in 2022, followed by the first unmanned mission in mid-2023, followed by two more escape tests and another unmanned mission, before the manned flight(expected in 2024). 
&nbsp;

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The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is well-known for having performed space science missions such as Chandrayaan 1 & 2 (Lunar orbiter and observation missions) and Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission), among others.

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is well-known for having performed space science missions such as Chandrayaan 1 & 2 (Lunar orbiter and observation missions) and Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission), among others. While ISRO did see a lull in the frequency of launches during the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, the Indian space agency has a busy launch calendar for the years to come. ISRO's launches can generally be categorised into two kinds: "National Missions' that are meant to fulfil India's own strategic needs and 'Commercial Missions' where India provides the launch service for private companies or foreign countries that pay to have their satellites launched from India. However, national missions are not just about launching satellites for routine purposes such as navigation, telecommunication, Earth observation, strategic use, etc. Another crucial kind of national mission are those that are done for space exploration and interplanetary studies, etc. Such science missions are not just national in scope, but also benefit the larger global scientific community. #ISRO #NewsUpdate : Here's 5 Space #science missions that #Indian space agency @isro will be performing by 2025.. The list with sanctioned cost, timeline, is as shared by @DrJitendraSingh in #LokSabha #ParliamentQuestion #ParliamentSession #India #space #Rocketry #launch pic.twitter.com/ddwERJ2PE4 — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) July 26, 2022 × Dr. Jitendra Singh, who serves as India's Minister for State, Science & Technology, revealed in the Lower House of Parliament that India would be performing five science missions by 2025. The mission names, sanctioned cost and proposed launch date are as follows: "Aditya-L1, at a cost of Rs.3.7billion, launch by Q1 2023; Chandrayaan-3, at a cost of Rs.2.5billion, launch by Q1 2023, XPoSAT, at a cost of Rs 0.60 billion, launch by Q2 2023, Space Docking Experiment, at a cost of Rs.1.24billion, launch by Q3 2024 and Gaganyaan at a cost of Rs.90.23 billion, whereas the first milestone of Gaganyaan Abort Demonstration will be carried out by Q4 2022" it was shared in the Lok Sabha. Aditya L1 is an Indian satellite mission meant to study the Corona(outer layers) of the Sun and explore related sciences, Chandrayaan-3 is the third Lunar mission and the country's second Lunar Landing attempt, XPoSAT is meant to study the Polarization of X-Rays in Space. Space Docking experiment is a project that will involve launching two different satellites and ensuring that they are able to dock and function as a single unit while in orbit. This in-space docking is a crucial technology that is the fundamental step in being able to perform in-space refuelling of satellites, building a space station, transferring astronauts from one spacecraft to another etc. Gaganyaan is a science mission aimed at sending Indian astronauts to space, from an Indian spaceport and on-board an Indian rocket. To accomplish Gaganyaan, ISRO has to essentially modify its cargo-carrier GSLV Mark 3 rocket and make it reliable enough to carry astronauts. As per ISRO Chairman Dr.S. Somanath, ISRO would have to perform Crew Escape system tests in 2022, followed by the first unmanned mission in mid-2023, followed by two more escape tests and another unmanned mission, before the manned flight(expected in 2024). WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Launch timeline and cost of ISRO's five upcoming space science missions revealed

India's 'Gaganyaan' or first-ever Human Spaceflight programme has been garnering attention as India is working on launching Indian astronauts on home-grown rockets. Dr. Jitendra Singh who serves as India's Minister of State, Science and Technology, added to the buzz around the subject by recently mentioning that India is working on indigenous space tourism capabilities.&nbsp;

"The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is in the process of developing indigenous capabilities towards space tourism through the demonstration of human space flight capability to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)" the Minister had said. However, this seems easier said than done and also seems decades away. Here's why it is so:

As it stands, the manned Gaganyaan mission itself could be accomplished by only 2024-25. Before the manned mission, ISRO has lots of work to do, because launching satellites(cargo) to space and launching humans to space are two extremely different things.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/isro-moves-one-step-ahead-in-converting-cargo-carrier-gslv-rocket-into-human-carrier-398249">Also read |&nbsp;ISRO moves one step ahead in converting ‘cargo-carrier’ GSLV rocket into human-carrier</a>

To accomplish Gaganyaan, ISRO has to essentially modify its cargo-carrier GSLV Mark 3 rocket and make it reliable enough to carry astronauts. As per ISRO Chairman Dr.S. Somanath, the organisation&nbsp;would have to perform Crew Escape system tests in 2022, followed by the first unmanned mission in mid-2023, followed by two more escape tests and another unmanned mission, before the manned flight(expected in 2024).

Why Gaganyaan can't be compared to space tourism ventures?&nbsp;

Gaganyaan is a science mission aimed at sending astronauts to space and it is vastly different from the much-talked about space tourism ventures - such as Virgin Galactic's Space Plane or Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket or even SpaceX Dragon capsule(carried by the Falcon 9 rocket) etc. The major differences are that - India's Gaganyaan has not yet flown or proven its reliability, Gaganyaan uses an expendable rocket(which falls into the sea after its burn time), as opposed to re-usable rockets/space planes that foreign companies use. All the above foreign private firms are funded by maverick billionaires and not their respective national governments, whereas ISRO lives off modest Indian Government funds.

What it takes for India to really foray into space tourism?&nbsp;

Sending a tourist to space on board a rocket/spaceplane requires confidence and immense faith in the reliability of the technology - both Sir Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos flew to space on their respective company vehicles, and took immense risk to prove a point. For example, Virgin Galactic has been a service aimed at catering to the super-rich who can afford a fun ride to space. India is still at a stage when work is underway to ensure that we can send our trained astronauts to Low Earth Orbit and bring them back safely. India remains far behind in this aspect and has to master Human Spaceflight step-by-step and do so entirely on its own. Whereas, most forieign companies are operating with the prior experience, know-how, know-why, that their respective space industries have gained over the years.

So, for indigenous space tourism to become a reality in India (as the Minister suggested), it would require all of the following - flawless success of the Gaganyaan programme, multiple repeats of the same, development and successful flights of a re-usable rocket meant for ferrying tourists, ensuring that all systems are reliable&amp; low-cost to be feasible as a business etc. All of this requires time(in decades), large-scale investment and true dedication to the cause of Space tourism, as seen in the private-sector examples from the Western world. &nbsp;

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&nbsp;

India's 'Gaganyaan' or first-ever Human Spaceflight programme has been garnering attention as India is working on launching Indian astronauts on home-grown rockets.

India's 'Gaganyaan' or first-ever Human Spaceflight programme has been garnering attention as India is working on launching Indian astronauts on home-grown rockets. Dr. Jitendra Singh who serves as India's Minister of State, Science and Technology, added to the buzz around the subject by recently mentioning that India is working on indigenous space tourism capabilities. "The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is in the process of developing indigenous capabilities towards space tourism through the demonstration of human space flight capability to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)" the Minister had said. However, this seems easier said than done and also seems decades away. Here's why it is so: As it stands, the manned Gaganyaan mission itself could be accomplished by only 2024-25. Before the manned mission, ISRO has lots of work to do, because launching satellites(cargo) to space and launching humans to space are two extremely different things. Also read | ISRO moves one step ahead in converting ‘cargo-carrier’ GSLV rocket into human-carrier To accomplish Gaganyaan, ISRO has to essentially modify its cargo-carrier GSLV Mark 3 rocket and make it reliable enough to carry astronauts. As per ISRO Chairman Dr.S. Somanath, the organisation would have to perform Crew Escape system tests in 2022, followed by the first unmanned mission in mid-2023, followed by two more escape tests and another unmanned mission, before the manned flight(expected in 2024). Why Gaganyaan can't be compared to space tourism ventures? Gaganyaan is a science mission aimed at sending astronauts to space and it is vastly different from the much-talked about space tourism ventures - such as Virgin Galactic's Space Plane or Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket or even SpaceX Dragon capsule(carried by the Falcon 9 rocket) etc. The major differences are that - India's Gaganyaan has not yet flown or proven its reliability, Gaganyaan uses an expendable rocket(which falls into the sea after its burn time), as opposed to re-usable rockets/space planes that foreign companies use. All the above foreign private firms are funded by maverick billionaires and not their respective national governments, whereas ISRO lives off modest Indian Government funds. What it takes for India to really foray into space tourism? Sending a tourist to space on board a rocket/spaceplane requires confidence and immense faith in the reliability of the technology - both Sir Richard Branson and Jeff Bezos flew to space on their respective company vehicles, and took immense risk to prove a point. For example, Virgin Galactic has been a service aimed at catering to the super-rich who can afford a fun ride to space. India is still at a stage when work is underway to ensure that we can send our trained astronauts to Low Earth Orbit and bring them back safely. India remains far behind in this aspect and has to master Human Spaceflight step-by-step and do so entirely on its own. Whereas, most forieign companies are operating with the prior experience, know-how, know-why, that their respective space industries have gained over the years. So, for indigenous space tourism to become a reality in India (as the Minister suggested), it would require all of the following - flawless success of the Gaganyaan programme, multiple repeats of the same, development and successful flights of a re-usable rocket meant for ferrying tourists, ensuring that all systems are reliable& low-cost to be feasible as a business etc. All of this requires time(in decades), large-scale investment and true dedication to the cause of Space tourism, as seen in the private-sector examples from the Western world. Watch WION's live TV here: ×

ISRO developing indigenous space tourism capabilities, says Indian minister; how credible is it ?

Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently "unlocked" the Indian space sector, over 60 firms have registered with ISRO, according to Union Minister of State for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh. While other startup concepts range from nanosatellites, launch vehicles, ground systems, research, etc., "quite a few" of them are involved in projects relating to space debris control.

On Monday, at the ISRO Control Center in Bengaluru, Singh officially launched the ISRO System for Safe &amp; Sustainable Operation (IS4OM).

At the inauguration of IN-SPACe headquarters in Ahmedabad, the Prime Minister had only recently declared, "When the strength of government space institutions and the zeal of India's private sector meet, not even the sky will be the limit."

The union minister reaffirmed that through enhancing the Department of Space's ability to safeguard India's space interests by building all-around capabilities in the fields of space transportation, debris control, infrastructure, and applications.

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According to Singh, the IS4OM service will help India reach its SSA (Space Situational Awareness) objectives by giving users thorough and timely information on the space environment. This multi-domain awareness platform will provide timely, precise, and actionable information on on-orbit collisions, fragmentation, atmospheric re-entry risk, space-based strategic intelligence, hazardous asteroids, and space weather forecast.

The facility is designed holistically to ensure safety and sustainability while gaining the advantages of sustainable space utilisation for national development, the minister highlighted.

According to Singh, the functioning spacecraft and space debris items have been protected against purposeful and unintentional close encounters by ISRO by taking the necessary precautions.

Identifying and monitoring other operational spacecraft with close approaches, having an overpass over the Indian region, intentional manoeuvres with dubious intentions, and re-entry within the Indian region are just a few of the strategic implications of space situational awareness activities, he continued. 
&nbsp;

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Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently "unlocked" the Indian space sector, over 60 firms have registered with ISRO, according to Union Minister of State for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh.

Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently "unlocked" the Indian space sector, over 60 firms have registered with ISRO, according to Union Minister of State for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh. While other startup concepts range from nanosatellites, launch vehicles, ground systems, research, etc., "quite a few" of them are involved in projects relating to space debris control. On Monday, at the ISRO Control Center in Bengaluru, Singh officially launched the ISRO System for Safe & Sustainable Operation (IS4OM). At the inauguration of IN-SPACe headquarters in Ahmedabad, the Prime Minister had only recently declared, "When the strength of government space institutions and the zeal of India's private sector meet, not even the sky will be the limit." The union minister reaffirmed that through enhancing the Department of Space's ability to safeguard India's space interests by building all-around capabilities in the fields of space transportation, debris control, infrastructure, and applications. Watch: According to Singh, the IS4OM service will help India reach its SSA (Space Situational Awareness) objectives by giving users thorough and timely information on the space environment. This multi-domain awareness platform will provide timely, precise, and actionable information on on-orbit collisions, fragmentation, atmospheric re-entry risk, space-based strategic intelligence, hazardous asteroids, and space weather forecast. The facility is designed holistically to ensure safety and sustainability while gaining the advantages of sustainable space utilisation for national development, the minister highlighted. According to Singh, the functioning spacecraft and space debris items have been protected against purposeful and unintentional close encounters by ISRO by taking the necessary precautions. Identifying and monitoring other operational spacecraft with close approaches, having an overpass over the Indian region, intentional manoeuvres with dubious intentions, and re-entry within the Indian region are just a few of the strategic implications of space situational awareness activities, he continued. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

60 startups registered with ISRO since unlocking of Indian space sector: Govt

The Indian Space agency now has a new facility aimed at performing what in simple terms can be explained as a holistic 'Traffic Management in Space' and to ensure the sustainable use of space. Known as the&nbsp;'ISRO System for Safe &amp; Sustainable Operations Management' (IS4OM), the new facility based in Bengaluru will perform a host of functions - safeguarding India's space assets, protecting them from space debris, predicting the orbital movement of debris, predicting likely collisions and coordinating with global agencies for all of the above.&nbsp;

With every passing day, the number of satellites orbiting earth are increasing in number, this also naturally means an increase in space debris. Debris includes everything from the spent upper stages of rockets, and defunct satellites, to even smaller objects that emerge after debris collisions. Given that these objects orbit the earth at nearly 27,000km per hour, any collision with space assets can prove catastrophic and could cause a massive outage of space-based services. Hence, it becomes increasingly important to have&nbsp;a 'Space Traffic Management System'.

"This is not about (space)traffic management alone, it is about keeping orbits available to everyone, operating in space without causing problems to one another, and ensuring sustainable use" explained Chairman, ISRO Dr. S. Somanath.&nbsp;

Elaborating on the different functions of 'IS40M', Dr. Somanath told WION, "Firstly it is about using radars and optical observation to watch and tag objects in space, then we will have to&nbsp;consider the effect of earth's gravitational pull, impact of sun and moon etc. and&nbsp;predict the movement of the said object/debris. Based on this, we will have to look for possibilities of collisions. This entire process has to be carried out on a daily basis. In case an object poses a threat to our satellite, we must accordingly move our satellite out of harm's way and also inform foreign agencies(whose satellites are in the vicinity) about our collision avoidance maneuver."

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Honorable Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh Ji dedicated ISRO System for Safe &amp; Sustainable Operations Management (IS4OM) to the nation today in Bengaluru. <a href="https://t.co/nwyzFvbUVW">pic.twitter.com/nwyzFvbUVW</a>
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1546509763210465280?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 11, 2022</a></blockquote>
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In addition to this, the objects that are likely to fall back onto the earth (recently, parts of a spent Chinese rocket landed in an Indian village), asteroids that are on collision course with earth will also have to be tracked. These are complex calculations and are error-prone, owing to the large number of factors involved, thus necessitating various corrections.&nbsp;Dr. Somanath added that these mathematical models used to calculate and project the path of debris and their impact etc. are indigenously developed and even if a country wanted, such models are not available for purchase in the International market.

On India's capabilities, he explained that India has radars that are&nbsp;meant to observe satellites and the Indian space agency is also installing optical tracking facilities. However, the Indian space agency&nbsp;does not have all facilities required to track objects of 10cm size and for this it relies on data provided by foreign agencies.&nbsp;

"Overall, we have to cover every aspect of safety and security of space assets and do so round-the-clock. Our scope of coverage from a single location will be limited. Multiple tracking stations across the globe are required to have entire coverage like America and Russia are having.&nbsp;For India's national security we will also have to observe and watch movements of foreign satellites over our country. As part of cooperation with foreign space agencies, we will exchange useful data, with the exceptions being the classified data and the precise ones which we need for our national security" Dr. Somanath concluded.&nbsp;

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The Indian Space agency now has a new facility aimed at performing what in simple terms can be explained as a holistic 'Traffic Management in Space' and to ensure the sustainable use of space.

The Indian Space agency now has a new facility aimed at performing what in simple terms can be explained as a holistic 'Traffic Management in Space' and to ensure the sustainable use of space. Known as the 'ISRO System for Safe & Sustainable Operations Management' (IS4OM), the new facility based in Bengaluru will perform a host of functions - safeguarding India's space assets, protecting them from space debris, predicting the orbital movement of debris, predicting likely collisions and coordinating with global agencies for all of the above. With every passing day, the number of satellites orbiting earth are increasing in number, this also naturally means an increase in space debris. Debris includes everything from the spent upper stages of rockets, and defunct satellites, to even smaller objects that emerge after debris collisions. Given that these objects orbit the earth at nearly 27,000km per hour, any collision with space assets can prove catastrophic and could cause a massive outage of space-based services. Hence, it becomes increasingly important to have a 'Space Traffic Management System'. "This is not about (space)traffic management alone, it is about keeping orbits available to everyone, operating in space without causing problems to one another, and ensuring sustainable use" explained Chairman, ISRO Dr. S. Somanath. Elaborating on the different functions of 'IS40M', Dr. Somanath told WION, "Firstly it is about using radars and optical observation to watch and tag objects in space, then we will have to consider the effect of earth's gravitational pull, impact of sun and moon etc. and predict the movement of the said object/debris. Based on this, we will have to look for possibilities of collisions. This entire process has to be carried out on a daily basis. In case an object poses a threat to our satellite, we must accordingly move our satellite out of harm's way and also inform foreign agencies(whose satellites are in the vicinity) about our collision avoidance maneuver." Honorable Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh Ji dedicated ISRO System for Safe & Sustainable Operations Management (IS4OM) to the nation today in Bengaluru. pic.twitter.com/nwyzFvbUVW — ISRO (@isro) July 11, 2022 × In addition to this, the objects that are likely to fall back onto the earth (recently, parts of a spent Chinese rocket landed in an Indian village), asteroids that are on collision course with earth will also have to be tracked. These are complex calculations and are error-prone, owing to the large number of factors involved, thus necessitating various corrections. Dr. Somanath added that these mathematical models used to calculate and project the path of debris and their impact etc. are indigenously developed and even if a country wanted, such models are not available for purchase in the International market. On India's capabilities, he explained that India has radars that are meant to observe satellites and the Indian space agency is also installing optical tracking facilities. However, the Indian space agency does not have all facilities required to track objects of 10cm size and for this it relies on data provided by foreign agencies. "Overall, we have to cover every aspect of safety and security of space assets and do so round-the-clock. Our scope of coverage from a single location will be limited. Multiple tracking stations across the globe are required to have entire coverage like America and Russia are having. For India's national security we will also have to observe and watch movements of foreign satellites over our country. As part of cooperation with foreign space agencies, we will exchange useful data, with the exceptions being the classified data and the precise ones which we need for our national security" Dr. Somanath concluded. Watch WION's live TV here:

IS40M is India's space traffic management facility, ISRO Chairman explains to WION

India's new-age rocket, the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) would have its maiden flight by July end, said ISRO Chairman, Dr S. Somanath. He was speaking following the successful launch of the PSLV-C53 mission that ISRO had performed to orbit three customer satellites from Singapore. Having completed two launch missions in 2022, Somanath added that ISRO is looking forward to performing three more launch missions by the end of the year.&nbsp;

SSLV is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr Somanath had earlier told WION that SSLV was being conceptualised as a rocket that can be handed over to the Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He had added that SSLV uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry.&nbsp;

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On the 'POEM' (PSLV Orbital Experiment Module) that is being carried out by the fourth stage of the PSLV C-53 rocket, he said that it was akin to recycling space debris and putting it to productive uses. "This time, the stage won't be uncontrolled (it will be stabilised) and we have used on-board computers and sensors to handle it," he said, referring to how the stage carries science experiments from Indian start-ups.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-venus-mission-plan-ready-chairman-urges-academia-scientists-to-work-on-specific-outcomes-476570">'Focus on how it will benefit India and the world' ISRO Chairman tells scientists, on upcoming Venus Mission</a>

Sharing updates on the upcoming high-profile national missions, he said that the Gaganyaan Human Spaceflight mission would happen only around 2024 and elaborated that two Crew Escape system tests would be carried out this year, using a new vehicle known as 'Test Vehicle' or TV.&nbsp;

"Unmanned mission we could have by mid-2023 and then we will have two more escape tests and then another unmanned mission, followed by a manned mission," he said.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/isro-takes-control-of-its-foreign-launched-gsat-24-satellite-finds-it-healthy-491118">ISRO takes control of its foreign-launched 'GSAT-24' satellite, finds it healthy</a>

In terms of Aditya-L1, the science mission to study the Sun, he said that its critical payload- a Coronagraph to study the sun's corona effect was being tested and calibrated at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and could possibly be launched by year-end. With regards third Lunar mission Chandrayaan-3, the Chairman said that testing of its lander propulsion systems and ruggedization of the Lunar lander's legs were in progress. 
&nbsp;

India's new-age rocket, the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) would have its maiden flight by July end, said ISRO Chairman, Dr S. Somanath. He was speaking following the successful launch of the PSLV-C53 mission that ISRO had performed to orbit three customer satellites from Singapore.

India's new-age rocket, the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) would have its maiden flight by July end, said ISRO Chairman, Dr S. Somanath. He was speaking following the successful launch of the PSLV-C53 mission that ISRO had performed to orbit three customer satellites from Singapore. Having completed two launch missions in 2022, Somanath added that ISRO is looking forward to performing three more launch missions by the end of the year. SSLV is a rocket that is designed to orbit satellites weighing less than 500kg in Low Earth Orbit. Dr Somanath had earlier told WION that SSLV was being conceptualised as a rocket that can be handed over to the Indian industry for the entire manufacturing process and it can be put together for launch in a week's time. He had added that SSLV uses less-exotic materials in its manufacturing process to ensure that it is kept simple and easy to adopt by industry. Watch | All the times humanity tried to communicate with aliens On the 'POEM' (PSLV Orbital Experiment Module) that is being carried out by the fourth stage of the PSLV C-53 rocket, he said that it was akin to recycling space debris and putting it to productive uses. "This time, the stage won't be uncontrolled (it will be stabilised) and we have used on-board computers and sensors to handle it," he said, referring to how the stage carries science experiments from Indian start-ups. Also read | 'Focus on how it will benefit India and the world' ISRO Chairman tells scientists, on upcoming Venus Mission Sharing updates on the upcoming high-profile national missions, he said that the Gaganyaan Human Spaceflight mission would happen only around 2024 and elaborated that two Crew Escape system tests would be carried out this year, using a new vehicle known as 'Test Vehicle' or TV. "Unmanned mission we could have by mid-2023 and then we will have two more escape tests and then another unmanned mission, followed by a manned mission," he said. Also read | ISRO takes control of its foreign-launched 'GSAT-24' satellite, finds it healthy In terms of Aditya-L1, the science mission to study the Sun, he said that its critical payload- a Coronagraph to study the sun's corona effect was being tested and calibrated at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and could possibly be launched by year-end. With regards third Lunar mission Chandrayaan-3, the Chairman said that testing of its lander propulsion systems and ruggedization of the Lunar lander's legs were in progress.

ISRO's next-gen rocket SSLV to have maiden launch by July-end

In the past, the Indian Space Research Organization has astounded the globe by carrying out space missions at astonishingly low rates. Following in this tradition, the ISRO has now set its sights on an expedition to Venus, which will only cost between Rs 5 billion and Rs 10 billion.

The ISRO chooses budget-friendly projects compared to other international space agencies like NASA, which spend enormous sums on space missions. Costing about Rs 3.86 billion, ISRO's Chandrayan-1 was a low-cost spacecraft. While the launch of Chandrayaan-2 cost Rs 3.67 billion, the mission itself cost Rs 6.3 billion.

Following its Moon and Mars expeditions, the ISRO is currently considering a Venus trip.There are reports that the ISRO had been considering a December 2024 launch window for the Venus expedition. 
 
It wouldn't be made public until the Union government gave it its final approval. The ISRO has been working to make sure it will be a distinctive mission.

According to sources, ISRO's "Shukrayaan-I," the expedition to Venus, has been conceptualised. The mission hopes to solve these questions in the coming years when it explores the sun's hottest planet. Several international space agencies have expressed interest in the mission and want to send payloads with "Shukrayaan."

Most likely, "Shukrayaan-I" will be launched on a GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) Mk II, though it may potentially travel on a more potent GSLV Mk III in order to carry additional equipment or fuel.

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In the past, the Indian Space Research Organization has astounded the globe by carrying out space missions at astonishingly low rates. Following in this tradition, the ISRO has now set its sights on an expedition to Venus, which will only cost between Rs 5 billion and Rs 10 billion.

In the past, the Indian Space Research Organization has astounded the globe by carrying out space missions at astonishingly low rates. Following in this tradition, the ISRO has now set its sights on an expedition to Venus, which will only cost between Rs 5 billion and Rs 10 billion. The ISRO chooses budget-friendly projects compared to other international space agencies like NASA, which spend enormous sums on space missions. Costing about Rs 3.86 billion, ISRO's Chandrayan-1 was a low-cost spacecraft. While the launch of Chandrayaan-2 cost Rs 3.67 billion, the mission itself cost Rs 6.3 billion. Following its Moon and Mars expeditions, the ISRO is currently considering a Venus trip.There are reports that the ISRO had been considering a December 2024 launch window for the Venus expedition. It wouldn't be made public until the Union government gave it its final approval. The ISRO has been working to make sure it will be a distinctive mission. According to sources, ISRO's "Shukrayaan-I," the expedition to Venus, has been conceptualised. The mission hopes to solve these questions in the coming years when it explores the sun's hottest planet. Several international space agencies have expressed interest in the mission and want to send payloads with "Shukrayaan." Most likely, "Shukrayaan-I" will be launched on a GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) Mk II, though it may potentially travel on a more potent GSLV Mk III in order to carry additional equipment or fuel. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Watch | ISRO's yet another budget space trip: After moon and mars, India is going to Venus

As per&nbsp;the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the Chandrayaan-2 Lunar Orbiter recently performed a Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre (CAM), to mitigate the risk of passing very close to NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). As both lunar orbiters are studying the moon from a Polar orbit (flying in a manner that nearly covers both the north and south poles), they come fairly close to each other near the Lunar poles.

However, in the recent case, calculations by both ISRO and NASA showed that the radial operation between the spacecraft would be less than 100 meters and the closest approach distance would be 3km, at a certain time. This close approach was predicted to occur at 11:15 am IST, on 20th October, near the Lunar North Pole.&nbsp;Thereafter, both agencies mutually agreed that the Indian orbiter would undergo the Collision avoidance manoeuvre.

“The manoeuvre was scheduled for 18th October 2021.It was designed to ensure a sufficiently large radial separation at the next closest conjunction between the two spacecraft. The CAM was executed nominally at 14:52 UTC (8:22 pm IST), on October 18th” said ISRO. The Indian Space agency also added calculations based on the new orbit confirmed that there would be no further close passes in the near future.&nbsp;

<img alt="CAM1" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="3866602a-053a-49b2-9a67-2cc53ab2aecb" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/CAM%201.png" />

CAMs are performed to mitigate the collision risk of satellites in orbit with other spacecraft or with space debris. However, such manoeuvres are also considered quite resource-hungry, as the satellite will have to expend its onboard liquid fuel (stored in a limited quantity) to perform the engine firing (manoeuvre). Since satellites are in space for a specified mission time, such unplanned firings of their engines can reduce their mission life, owing to the loss of precious onboard fuel.&nbsp;

ISRO regularly monitors such critical close approaches and executes CAMs for its operational satellites, whenever the collision risk is assessed to be critical. However, this is the first time such critically close conjunction was experienced for a space exploration mission of ISRO. Earlier, the Russian Space Agency had revealed that India’s Cartosat 2F weighing over 700kg dangerously approached the Kanopus-V spacecraft on November 27th, 2020. In a tweet, Roscosmos has said that the minimum distance between both Russian and foreign satellites was 224 meters. They are both designed for remote sensing of the earth.&nbsp;

How significant and dangerous is a close-pass in space?&nbsp;

A highly-placed source had earlier told WION that, 1 Kilometer is an ideal distance between satellites in orbit, whereas anything less than 300 meters is scary and can be counted as a near-miss. Generally, when two satellites are predicted (based on calculations) to make a close pass, a decision is taken to manoeuvre one of them away in advance (usually days ahead).&nbsp;

Given how space is getting increasingly crowded with satellites that are used for various purposes, it is said to be normal for top space agencies to manoeuvre one of their satellites every 3-4 weeks. It is notable that low Earth orbit (500-2000km) is the most congested, with satellites of various sizes overpopulating it - ranging from 10cm cubes to ones that are the size of a car or larger.&nbsp;However, the decision to manoeuvre is not very easy. Especially, when the satellite is performing a strategic role that requires it to be at a particular spot. Because the manoeuvre would affect the schedule of the pre-planned operation of surveillance (imaging or using other sensors). In the earlier case, Roscosmos had said that both Indian and Russian spacecraft were remote sensing satellites. This implies that they were in all likelihood being used for strategic purposes.&nbsp;

The space community has been divided over prediction models for tracking satellites in orbit. The existing ones are the European Model, American Model, Russian Model, and an Indian Model (fairly recent). The reason that the space community hotly debates the efficiency of the models is that there are differences between the calculations made using each model.&nbsp;

<img alt="CAM2" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="c3bae883-d9df-4f6d-8b8b-712307c55c78" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/CAM%202.png" />

Let’s assume that the Indian model said that the satellites would be 1km apart, whereas the Russian model would have predicted that they would be 500m apart. It is also highly likely that in reality, both models will be wrong and the satellites get closer than the prediction showed. Hence, there is no single model that works accurately, as each one can provide a different result.&nbsp;

The real danger posed by a possible collision of satellites would be the debris of varying sizes scattered across space in all directions, at high speeds with a high potential of harming other satellites and even future missions to that respective region.

The last large collision of satellites (in earth orbit) happened in 2009, when a US commercial Iridium spacecraft hit a defunct Russian satellite over Siberia, producing thousands of pieces of debris. Presently, there are over 2,000 active satellites orbiting the earth. There are also more than 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10cm (4inches) in orbit, according to NASA.

Space Situational Awareness (SSA)

Space Situational Awareness (SSA) is the science of tracking objects (man-made and natural) that are in orbit and also predicting where they would be at a given point in time. So far, only America, Russia and Europe have similar established capabilities in place to track space objects and share collision warnings.&nbsp;

In late 2020, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) had set up a dedicated Control Centre to monitor, track and protect India’s space assets and coordinate between Indian agencies, their foreign counterparts and international bodies. The Directorate of Space Situational Awareness and Management (DSSAM) has been established at ISRO to enhance Space Situational Awareness.

An entity focused on SSA is much-needed owing to the manner in which space is getting over-populated with government, private satellites, man-made space debris which pose a serious threat to satellites that are orbiting the earth.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Russia destroys satellite, releases big cloud of 'space junk'

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According to ISRO, the NEtwork for space object TRacking and Analysis (NETRA) project is initiated as a first step towards meeting this goal. NETRA’s main elements would be a radar, an optical telescope facility, and a control centre.&nbsp;

ISRO’s SSA Control Centre, “NETRA”, is now set up within the ISTRAC campus at Peenya, Bangalore.

Some core SSA activities will comprise close approach analysis between ISRO’s satellite and launch vehicles, timely dissemination of advance alerts on collision avoidance of space assets, prediction of atmospheric re-entry of derelict satellites and rocket bodies.&nbsp;

As per the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the Chandrayaan-2 Lunar Orbiter recently performed a Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre (CAM), to mitigate the risk of passing very close to NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO).

As per the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), the Chandrayaan-2 Lunar Orbiter recently performed a Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre (CAM), to mitigate the risk of passing very close to NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). As both lunar orbiters are studying the moon from a Polar orbit (flying in a manner that nearly covers both the north and south poles), they come fairly close to each other near the Lunar poles. However, in the recent case, calculations by both ISRO and NASA showed that the radial operation between the spacecraft would be less than 100 meters and the closest approach distance would be 3km, at a certain time. This close approach was predicted to occur at 11:15 am IST, on 20th October, near the Lunar North Pole. Thereafter, both agencies mutually agreed that the Indian orbiter would undergo the Collision avoidance manoeuvre. “The manoeuvre was scheduled for 18th October 2021.It was designed to ensure a sufficiently large radial separation at the next closest conjunction between the two spacecraft. The CAM was executed nominally at 14:52 UTC (8:22 pm IST), on October 18th” said ISRO. The Indian Space agency also added calculations based on the new orbit confirmed that there would be no further close passes in the near future. CAMs are performed to mitigate the collision risk of satellites in orbit with other spacecraft or with space debris. However, such manoeuvres are also considered quite resource-hungry, as the satellite will have to expend its onboard liquid fuel (stored in a limited quantity) to perform the engine firing (manoeuvre). Since satellites are in space for a specified mission time, such unplanned firings of their engines can reduce their mission life, owing to the loss of precious onboard fuel. ISRO regularly monitors such critical close approaches and executes CAMs for its operational satellites, whenever the collision risk is assessed to be critical. However, this is the first time such critically close conjunction was experienced for a space exploration mission of ISRO. Earlier, the Russian Space Agency had revealed that India’s Cartosat 2F weighing over 700kg dangerously approached the Kanopus-V spacecraft on November 27th, 2020. In a tweet, Roscosmos has said that the minimum distance between both Russian and foreign satellites was 224 meters. They are both designed for remote sensing of the earth. How significant and dangerous is a close-pass in space? A highly-placed source had earlier told WION that, 1 Kilometer is an ideal distance between satellites in orbit, whereas anything less than 300 meters is scary and can be counted as a near-miss. Generally, when two satellites are predicted (based on calculations) to make a close pass, a decision is taken to manoeuvre one of them away in advance (usually days ahead). Given how space is getting increasingly crowded with satellites that are used for various purposes, it is said to be normal for top space agencies to manoeuvre one of their satellites every 3-4 weeks. It is notable that low Earth orbit (500-2000km) is the most congested, with satellites of various sizes overpopulating it - ranging from 10cm cubes to ones that are the size of a car or larger. However, the decision to manoeuvre is not very easy. Especially, when the satellite is performing a strategic role that requires it to be at a particular spot. Because the manoeuvre would affect the schedule of the pre-planned operation of surveillance (imaging or using other sensors). In the earlier case, Roscosmos had said that both Indian and Russian spacecraft were remote sensing satellites. This implies that they were in all likelihood being used for strategic purposes. The space community has been divided over prediction models for tracking satellites in orbit. The existing ones are the European Model, American Model, Russian Model, and an Indian Model (fairly recent). The reason that the space community hotly debates the efficiency of the models is that there are differences between the calculations made using each model. Let’s assume that the Indian model said that the satellites would be 1km apart, whereas the Russian model would have predicted that they would be 500m apart. It is also highly likely that in reality, both models will be wrong and the satellites get closer than the prediction showed. Hence, there is no single model that works accurately, as each one can provide a different result. The real danger posed by a possible collision of satellites would be the debris of varying sizes scattered across space in all directions, at high speeds with a high potential of harming other satellites and even future missions to that respective region. The last large collision of satellites (in earth orbit) happened in 2009, when a US commercial Iridium spacecraft hit a defunct Russian satellite over Siberia, producing thousands of pieces of debris. Presently, there are over 2,000 active satellites orbiting the earth. There are also more than 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10cm (4inches) in orbit, according to NASA. Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Space Situational Awareness (SSA) is the science of tracking objects (man-made and natural) that are in orbit and also predicting where they would be at a given point in time. So far, only America, Russia and Europe have similar established capabilities in place to track space objects and share collision warnings. In late 2020, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) had set up a dedicated Control Centre to monitor, track and protect India’s space assets and coordinate between Indian agencies, their foreign counterparts and international bodies. The Directorate of Space Situational Awareness and Management (DSSAM) has been established at ISRO to enhance Space Situational Awareness. An entity focused on SSA is much-needed owing to the manner in which space is getting over-populated with government, private satellites, man-made space debris which pose a serious threat to satellites that are orbiting the earth. Watch | Gravitas: Russia destroys satellite, releases big cloud of 'space junk' According to ISRO, the NEtwork for space object TRacking and Analysis (NETRA) project is initiated as a first step towards meeting this goal. NETRA’s main elements would be a radar, an optical telescope facility, and a control centre. ISRO’s SSA Control Centre, “NETRA”, is now set up within the ISTRAC campus at Peenya, Bangalore. Some core SSA activities will comprise close approach analysis between ISRO’s satellite and launch vehicles, timely dissemination of advance alerts on collision avoidance of space assets, prediction of atmospheric re-entry of derelict satellites and rocket bodies.

Explained: How India’s Lunar Orbiter Chandrayaan-2 avoided Collision with NASA’s LRO

&nbsp;"If we have to conduct a successful human spaceflight and sustain it in India, we need a strong pool of doctors to get involved in the Human Spaceflight mission. There are opportunities in not just emergency medicine, but also for doctors in other domains" said Dr. S. Somanath, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO). Addressing a gathering of Doctors from across medical domains and ISRO scientists, he touched upon how medical professionals could work together on Spacecraft design for India's highly-anticipated Gaganyaan(Human Spaceflight) mission.&nbsp;

Elaborating on this, Somanath said that scientists and engineers were building machines, but lacked the feel of human beings (those who were going to use the equipment). He was saying this in light of the Gaganyaan Spacecraft that is being built to carry and house the Indian astronauts in space and return them to earth. Regarding the interactions with the four Indian astronauts, he mentioned receiving their constant feedback on equipment placement, lighting, software, displays, etc. onboard the spacecraft (simulator).&nbsp;

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(3/3) Dr. T S Srinath Kumar, Head, Narayana Health would hold brainstorming sessions with the quality experts from ISRO. 
Details: <a href="https://t.co/dOGvKJGZdr">https://t.co/dOGvKJGZdr</a> 
Watch the deliberations LIVE from 11 am (IST) at<a href="https://t.co/Uiq1oqA2Yd">https://t.co/Uiq1oqA2Yd</a>
— ISRO (@isro) <a href="https://twitter.com/isro/status/1529135048342917120?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 24, 2022</a></blockquote>
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Organised at the ISRO Headquarters in Bengaluru, the event Health-Quality Upgradation Enabled through Space Technology (Health-QUEST) was aimed at percolating best practices in ISRO’s quality domain into emergency healthcare and critical healthcare departments for reducing mortality rates.

Notably, even the best healthcare systems in the world have an error rate of 8-10 per cent, whereas the aerospace industry and rocketry operate at zero per cent error, as even the most minor error can prove catastrophic. Speaking at the event, Dr Alexander Thomas, president, Association of Healthcare Providers India (AHPI), emphasised the importance of absorbing and implementing the stringent safety standards of the aerospace industry in the healthcare sector (particularly in the hospital emergency wards, accident wards and critical care units).&nbsp;

Listing out the areas of cooperation between ISRO and the Indian healthcare sector, he touched upon geo-mapping of accident and emergency care centres across the country, in order to have accurate information on the type of services and level of care available in the healthcare facilities. He also added the need to geo-tag ambulances and ICUs, besides the need to study the impact of climate change and its threat on health.&nbsp;

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"If we have to conduct a successful human spaceflight and sustain it in India, we need a strong pool of doctors to get involved in the Human Spaceflight mission.

"If we have to conduct a successful human spaceflight and sustain it in India, we need a strong pool of doctors to get involved in the Human Spaceflight mission. There are opportunities in not just emergency medicine, but also for doctors in other domains" said Dr. S. Somanath, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO). Addressing a gathering of Doctors from across medical domains and ISRO scientists, he touched upon how medical professionals could work together on Spacecraft design for India's highly-anticipated Gaganyaan(Human Spaceflight) mission. Elaborating on this, Somanath said that scientists and engineers were building machines, but lacked the feel of human beings (those who were going to use the equipment). He was saying this in light of the Gaganyaan Spacecraft that is being built to carry and house the Indian astronauts in space and return them to earth. Regarding the interactions with the four Indian astronauts, he mentioned receiving their constant feedback on equipment placement, lighting, software, displays, etc. onboard the spacecraft (simulator). (3/3) Dr. T S Srinath Kumar, Head, Narayana Health would hold brainstorming sessions with the quality experts from ISRO. Details: https://t.co/dOGvKJGZdr Watch the deliberations LIVE from 11 am (IST) athttps://t.co/Uiq1oqA2Yd — ISRO (@isro) May 24, 2022 × Organised at the ISRO Headquarters in Bengaluru, the event Health-Quality Upgradation Enabled through Space Technology (Health-QUEST) was aimed at percolating best practices in ISRO’s quality domain into emergency healthcare and critical healthcare departments for reducing mortality rates. Notably, even the best healthcare systems in the world have an error rate of 8-10 per cent, whereas the aerospace industry and rocketry operate at zero per cent error, as even the most minor error can prove catastrophic. Speaking at the event, Dr Alexander Thomas, president, Association of Healthcare Providers India (AHPI), emphasised the importance of absorbing and implementing the stringent safety standards of the aerospace industry in the healthcare sector (particularly in the hospital emergency wards, accident wards and critical care units). Listing out the areas of cooperation between ISRO and the Indian healthcare sector, he touched upon geo-mapping of accident and emergency care centres across the country, in order to have accurate information on the type of services and level of care available in the healthcare facilities. He also added the need to geo-tag ambulances and ICUs, besides the need to study the impact of climate change and its threat on health. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Need a strong pool of doctors to collaborate with Human Spaceflight Programme: ISRO Chairman Somanath

GSAT-24, an Indian communication satellite built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for satellite television service provider TataSky, will be placed in orbit on June 22, by the French Ariane 5 rocket.

The launch of the four-ton GSAT-24, dubbed ‘VA257’, would be carried out from Guiana Space Centre, Europe’s spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.

Once placed in the geostationary orbit, GSAT-24 will provide high-quality television, telecommunications and broadcasting services.

Arianespace, the launch service provider, shared a picture of the container carrying the satellite being offloaded from a military transport aircraft, and stated, "We’ll let you know once the beast is awake".

Notably, this launch is what India's state-run Department of Space calls the “first demand driven communication satellite mission” of the New Space India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO.

NSIL was incorporated in March 2019 and was later mandated to undertake&nbsp;operational satellite missions on a “demand driven” model. It is responsible to build, launch, own &amp; operate the satellite and provide services to its committed customer.

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Hello there! 👀 
Welcome to GSAT-24, the second passenger of our Flight <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/VA257?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#VA257</a>. This satellite built by <a href="https://twitter.com/isro?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@isro</a> for <a href="https://twitter.com/NSIL_India?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NSIL_India</a>, will be launched on June 2⃣2⃣ onboard our <a href="https://twitter.com/ariane5?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Ariane5</a> launcher! 
We’ll let you know once the beast is awake 😏 <a href="https://t.co/k1KdIjBtGD">pic.twitter.com/k1KdIjBtGD</a>
— Arianespace (@Arianespace) <a href="https://twitter.com/Arianespace/status/1527587103147696128?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 20, 2022</a></blockquote>
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As part of the GSAT-24 mission, NSIL is getting the&nbsp;four-ton class Ku- band satellite built by ISRO and will be launching it using Ariane-5 launcher operated by s Arianespace.

The entire satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 will be leased to its committed customer Tata Sky for meeting their DTH application needs.

NSIL has entered into a necessary agreement with Tata Sky for utilising the satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 and with M/s Arianespace for seeking the launch services. GSAT-24 satellite will be owned and operated by NSIL on a commercial basis. GSAT-24 satellite mission will be fully funded by NSIL.

While India launches the indigenously-built satellites for national requirements and customer-built satellites on-board its own rockets, the country also uses the services of the French launcher Ariane to fulfil certain missions from foreign soil.

Significantly, GSAT-24 will be the 25th Indian satellite orbited by Arianespace, highlighting the longstanding partnership.

India's ties with launch provider Arianespace date back to 1981, when an Ariane 1 rocket launched the Indian satellite APPLE.

Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment, APPLE, was an experimental communication satellite built by ISRO.

GSAT-24, an Indian communication satellite built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for satellite television service provider TataSky, will be placed in orbit on June 22, by the French Ariane 5 rocket.

GSAT-24, an Indian communication satellite built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for satellite television service provider TataSky, will be placed in orbit on June 22, by the French Ariane 5 rocket. The launch of the four-ton GSAT-24, dubbed ‘VA257’, would be carried out from Guiana Space Centre, Europe’s spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana. Once placed in the geostationary orbit, GSAT-24 will provide high-quality television, telecommunications and broadcasting services. Arianespace, the launch service provider, shared a picture of the container carrying the satellite being offloaded from a military transport aircraft, and stated, "We’ll let you know once the beast is awake". Notably, this launch is what India's state-run Department of Space calls the “first demand driven communication satellite mission” of the New Space India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO. NSIL was incorporated in March 2019 and was later mandated to undertake operational satellite missions on a “demand driven” model. It is responsible to build, launch, own & operate the satellite and provide services to its committed customer. Hello there! 👀 Welcome to GSAT-24, the second passenger of our Flight #VA257. This satellite built by @isro for @NSIL_India, will be launched on June 2⃣2⃣ onboard our @Ariane5 launcher! We’ll let you know once the beast is awake 😏 pic.twitter.com/k1KdIjBtGD — Arianespace (@Arianespace) May 20, 2022 × As part of the GSAT-24 mission, NSIL is getting the four-ton class Ku- band satellite built by ISRO and will be launching it using Ariane-5 launcher operated by s Arianespace. The entire satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 will be leased to its committed customer Tata Sky for meeting their DTH application needs. NSIL has entered into a necessary agreement with Tata Sky for utilising the satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 and with M/s Arianespace for seeking the launch services. GSAT-24 satellite will be owned and operated by NSIL on a commercial basis. GSAT-24 satellite mission will be fully funded by NSIL. While India launches the indigenously-built satellites for national requirements and customer-built satellites on-board its own rockets, the country also uses the services of the French launcher Ariane to fulfil certain missions from foreign soil. Significantly, GSAT-24 will be the 25th Indian satellite orbited by Arianespace, highlighting the longstanding partnership. India's ties with launch provider Arianespace date back to 1981, when an Ariane 1 rocket launched the Indian satellite APPLE. Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment, APPLE, was an experimental communication satellite built by ISRO.

ISRO-built GSAT-24 satellite for Tata Sky to be launched by French rocket on June 22

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ISRO designates Sankarasubramanian as Principal Scientist for Aditya-L1 mission

Land acquisition complete for India's 2nd spaceport, work may begin soon, says former ISRO Director

ISRO chairman shares insights into key aspects of India's next-gen rocket

ISRO to launch 36 'OneWeb' satellites in maiden commercial flight of GSLV Mk III on Oct. 23

When an ISRO scientist said 'Mangalyaan' was running really low on fuel

After 8 years of service, Indian space agency ISRO declares Mars mission non-recoverable

ISRO VSSC Director explains significance of latest hybrid rocket motor test

Indian President Murmu inaugurates HAL's new manufacturing facility to build cryogenic engines

As ISRO launch vehicle GSLV Mk3 gets ready for maiden commercial flight; 'OneWeb' passengers arrive

Emirates Mars Mission's 'Science Lead' calls ISRO an 'important voice among world’s younger space nations'

ISRO and Hughes launch India's first commercial satellite broadband service

'Private consortiums to build GSLV & SSLV rockets, in addition to PSLV', says ISRO chief

ISRO: Indigenously designed and developed supersonic decelerator test successful

ISRO PSLV to be entirely made by industry

'Yaanam' the story of India's Mars mission is the first-ever science documentary in Sanskrit

SSLV launch: Satellites no longer usable, says ISRO

Public can watch the maiden launch of India's SSLV rocket, from up-close; Here's how

Public can watch the maiden launch of India's SSLV rocket, from up-close; Here's how

Student-built 'AzaadiSAT' to be co-passenger on ISRO's maiden launch of SSLV rocket

Launch timeline and cost of ISRO's five upcoming space science missions revealed

ISRO developing indigenous space tourism capabilities, says Indian minister; how credible is it ?

60 startups registered with ISRO since unlocking of Indian space sector: Govt

IS40M is India's space traffic management facility, ISRO Chairman explains to WION