Israeli researchers say new technology can help predict the response of individual cancer patients to the leading immunotherapy treatment.

New technology can predict cancer patient response to immunotherapy

<p>In a first, scientists discovered new information about&nbsp;a key process which is involved in the early phases of programmed cell death also known as apoptosis which also stops cancer from spreading. The findings of the study which was led by Dr Luke Clifton, of the Science and Technology&nbsp;Facilities Council’s ISIS Neutron and Muon Source in Oxfordshire were published last week in the journal Science Advances.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>What do we need to know about the cells studied?</strong></h2>

<p>The researchers found the molecular mechanism in apoptosis where cells are no longer needed to undergo self-destruction by activating the so-called “death programme”. Apoptosis is crucial for human life and also plays an important role in biological processes like immune system regulation.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It also helps eliminate potentially harmful or cancerous cells from the body while its disruption can cause cancerous cells to grow and reject treatments. Typically, apoptosis in healthy cells is regulated by two proteins, Bax and Bcl-2.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Bax is a soluble protein which is responsible for getting rid of the old or diseased cells from the body, as it creates pierces through a cell’s mitochondrial membrane to form pores which trigger the programmed cell death or apoptosis.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Meanwhile, Bcl-2, which is embedded within the mitochondrial membrane, can offset this process in some cases which acts to prevent untimely cell death by capturing and sequestering Bax proteins. However, in cancerous cells, Bcl-2 is overproduced and leads to uninhibited cell growth and where normal cells stop dividing, cancer cells can keep on proliferating forming a growing tumour.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>What did the scientists find?</strong></h2>

<p>For the first time, the researchers have found evidence of the involvement of mitochondrial lipids in the cell-death process, through a technique known as neutron reflectometry. It enabled scientists to study in real time the way that the Bax interacts with lipids present in the mitochondrial membrane during the initial stages of apoptosis.</p>

<p>“As far as we can tell, the mechanism by which Bax initiates cell death is previously unseen. Once we know more about the interplay between Bax and Bcl-2 and how it relates to this mechanism, we’ll have a more complete picture of a process that is fundamental to human life,” said Dr Clifton, as quoted by the Irish Examiner.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The scientists found that when Bax creates pores, it extracts lipids from the mitochondrial membrane to form clusters on the mitochondrial surface and with the help of time-resolved neutron reflectometry and surface infrared spectroscopy, they were able to see that in two stages.&nbsp;</p>

<p>First was the fast absorption of Bax onto the mitochondrial membrane surface which was followed by a slower formation of membrane-destroying pores and Bax-lipid clusters, which occurred simultaneously.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Similarly, Professor Gerhard Grobner of Umea University in Sweden and co-lead of the study said, “The unique findings here will not only have a significant impact in the field of apoptosis research but will also open gateways for exploring Bax and its relatives as interesting targets in cancer therapy such as by tuning up their cell-killing potential,” as per ANI.&nbsp;<br />
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In a first, scientists discovered new information about a key process which is involved in the early phases of programmed cell death also known as apoptosis which also stops cancer from spreading.

In a first, scientists discovered new information about a key process which is involved in the early phases of programmed cell death also known as apoptosis which also stops cancer from spreading. The findings of the study which was led by Dr Luke Clifton, of the Science and Technology Facilities Council’s ISIS Neutron and Muon Source in Oxfordshire were published last week in the journal Science Advances. What do we need to know about the cells studied? The researchers found the molecular mechanism in apoptosis where cells are no longer needed to undergo self-destruction by activating the so-called “death programme”. Apoptosis is crucial for human life and also plays an important role in biological processes like immune system regulation. It also helps eliminate potentially harmful or cancerous cells from the body while its disruption can cause cancerous cells to grow and reject treatments. Typically, apoptosis in healthy cells is regulated by two proteins, Bax and Bcl-2. Bax is a soluble protein which is responsible for getting rid of the old or diseased cells from the body, as it creates pierces through a cell’s mitochondrial membrane to form pores which trigger the programmed cell death or apoptosis. Meanwhile, Bcl-2, which is embedded within the mitochondrial membrane, can offset this process in some cases which acts to prevent untimely cell death by capturing and sequestering Bax proteins. However, in cancerous cells, Bcl-2 is overproduced and leads to uninhibited cell growth and where normal cells stop dividing, cancer cells can keep on proliferating forming a growing tumour. What did the scientists find? For the first time, the researchers have found evidence of the involvement of mitochondrial lipids in the cell-death process, through a technique known as neutron reflectometry. It enabled scientists to study in real time the way that the Bax interacts with lipids present in the mitochondrial membrane during the initial stages of apoptosis. “As far as we can tell, the mechanism by which Bax initiates cell death is previously unseen. Once we know more about the interplay between Bax and Bcl-2 and how it relates to this mechanism, we’ll have a more complete picture of a process that is fundamental to human life,” said Dr Clifton, as quoted by the Irish Examiner. The scientists found that when Bax creates pores, it extracts lipids from the mitochondrial membrane to form clusters on the mitochondrial surface and with the help of time-resolved neutron reflectometry and surface infrared spectroscopy, they were able to see that in two stages. First was the fast absorption of Bax onto the mitochondrial membrane surface which was followed by a slower formation of membrane-destroying pores and Bax-lipid clusters, which occurred simultaneously. Similarly, Professor Gerhard Grobner of Umea University in Sweden and co-lead of the study said, “The unique findings here will not only have a significant impact in the field of apoptosis research but will also open gateways for exploring Bax and its relatives as interesting targets in cancer therapy such as by tuning up their cell-killing potential,” as per ANI. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Scientists find key process in cell death that stops progression of cancer

<p>Researchers say&nbsp;a blood test for more than 50 types of cancer showed enormous promise in an extensive NHS study.</p>

<p>The test successfully identified two out of every three malignancies among 5,000 individuals in England and Wales who had seen their GP with unsure symptoms.</p>

<p>It also showed the primary location of cancer in 85 per cent&nbsp;of the confirmed cases. The Galleri test searches for specific variations in genetic code leaking from various malignancies. Early detection of curable cancer can save lives.</p>

<p>The test is still a "work in progress," according to the Oxford University experts, but it might boost the number of malignancies discovered.</p>

<p>Patients frequently have symptoms, such as weight loss, that have a variety of probable reasons and need several testing and hospital visits.</p>

<p>More than 350 people in the trial, which was the largest of its type in patients with suspected cancer symptoms, were later diagnosed with cancer using standard procedures including scans and biopsies.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Approximately 75 per cent&nbsp;of individuals who tested positive on the blood test were confirmed to have cancer.</p>

<p>Cancer was discovered in 2.5 per cent&nbsp;of individuals who tested negative.</p>

<p>Although not accurate enough to "rule in or rule out cancer", the test was really useful for patients lead researcher Prof Mark Middleton told BBC.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"The test was 85 per cent&nbsp;accurate in detecting the source of the cancer - and that can be really helpful because so many times it is not immediately obvious when you have got the patient in front of you what test is needed to see whether their symptoms are down to cancer," he said.</p>

<p>"With that prediction from the test, we can decide whether to order a scope or a scan and make sure we are giving the right test the first time," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The findings will be presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/breakthrough-nhs-migraine-medication-rimegepant-to-provide-hope-for-thousands-in-uk-599218">Breakthrough NHS migraine medication 'Rimegepant' to provide hope to thousands in UK</a></p>

<h2><strong>More research&nbsp;needed&nbsp;</strong></h2>

<p>The NHS has also been testing the Galleri test, developed by the Californian company Grail, on thousands of patients who have no symptoms to determine if it may detect hidden malignancies.</p>

<p>The first findings are due next year, and if successful, the NHS in England intends to expand the deployment to one million more patients in 2024 and 2025.</p>

<p>The test is especially effective in detecting cancers that are difficult to detect, such as head and neck, bowel, lung, pancreas, and throat cancers.</p>

<p>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-is-hmpv-respiratory-virus-the-most-important-virus-that-still-remains-unheard-598782">Explained | What is HMPV respiratory virus? The most important virus still unheard of</a></p>

<p>"This study is the first step in testing a new way to identify cancer as quickly as possible, being pioneered by the NHS - earlier detection of cancer is vital and this test could help us to catch more cancers at an earlier stage and help save thousands of lives,"&nbsp;NHS national director for cancer professor&nbsp;Peter Johnson told BBC.</p>

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Researchers say a blood test for more than 50 types of cancer showed enormous promise in an extensive NHS study. The test successfully identified two out of every three malignancies among 5,000 individuals in England and Wales who had seen their GP with unsure symptoms.

Researchers say a blood test for more than 50 types of cancer showed enormous promise in an extensive NHS study. The test successfully identified two out of every three malignancies among 5,000 individuals in England and Wales who had seen their GP with unsure symptoms. It also showed the primary location of cancer in 85 per cent of the confirmed cases. The Galleri test searches for specific variations in genetic code leaking from various malignancies. Early detection of curable cancer can save lives. The test is still a "work in progress," according to the Oxford University experts, but it might boost the number of malignancies discovered. Patients frequently have symptoms, such as weight loss, that have a variety of probable reasons and need several testing and hospital visits. More than 350 people in the trial, which was the largest of its type in patients with suspected cancer symptoms, were later diagnosed with cancer using standard procedures including scans and biopsies. Approximately 75 per cent of individuals who tested positive on the blood test were confirmed to have cancer. Cancer was discovered in 2.5 per cent of individuals who tested negative. Although not accurate enough to "rule in or rule out cancer", the test was really useful for patients lead researcher Prof Mark Middleton told BBC. "The test was 85 per cent accurate in detecting the source of the cancer - and that can be really helpful because so many times it is not immediately obvious when you have got the patient in front of you what test is needed to see whether their symptoms are down to cancer," he said. "With that prediction from the test, we can decide whether to order a scope or a scan and make sure we are giving the right test the first time," he added. The findings will be presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago. Also read | Breakthrough NHS migraine medication 'Rimegepant' to provide hope to thousands in UK More research needed The NHS has also been testing the Galleri test, developed by the Californian company Grail, on thousands of patients who have no symptoms to determine if it may detect hidden malignancies. The first findings are due next year, and if successful, the NHS in England intends to expand the deployment to one million more patients in 2024 and 2025. The test is especially effective in detecting cancers that are difficult to detect, such as head and neck, bowel, lung, pancreas, and throat cancers. Also read | Explained | What is HMPV respiratory virus? The most important virus still unheard of "This study is the first step in testing a new way to identify cancer as quickly as possible, being pioneered by the NHS - earlier detection of cancer is vital and this test could help us to catch more cancers at an earlier stage and help save thousands of lives," NHS national director for cancer professor Peter Johnson told BBC. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Medical breakthrough! Multi-cancer blood test shows real potential in NHS study

<p>Mental health is a crucial aspect of our overall well-being, and yet it has often been overlooked or stigmatised in the past. However, in recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the significance of mental health and the impact it has on individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole.</p>

<p>These concerns are also significant for cancer patients and those undergoing palliative therapies. A cancer diagnosis often triggers a range of emotions such as fear, sadness, anger, anxiety, and depression.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It's crucial to acknowledge and address these emotions. These patients may benefit from counseling or therapy to help them cope with their feelings and develop effective strategies for managing stress.</p>

<p>WION spoke with Consultant Rehabilitation Psychologist Ms. Archana Sharma on conditions that can significantly impact the quality of life of a cancer patient.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Providing insights on techniques for individuals diagnosed with cancer to effectively navigate the emotional impact of their condition, Ms. Sharma said, "people when diagnosed with cancer have mixed feelings and emotions for various reasons that include threat to life, losing any of the body organs and sudden financial burden."</p>

<p>She emphasized that when an individual receives a cancer or life-threatening disease diagnosis, it affects not only the person but the entire family, creating a sense of collective suffering.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"So definitely psychological therapies and counseling processes help the suffering family and the patient in understanding the disease and accepting it. Without acceptance it's difficult to cope," she added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to Ms. Sharma, various coping techniques such as cognitive behavior therapy, art therapy, Jacobson progressive muscle relaxation technique, and direct interactions with nature have proven beneficial in assisting cancer patients and their families in managing the challenges associated with the disease.</p>

<p>When asked about the available support services for cancer patients dealing with mental health challenges, Ms. Sharma explained that every hospital providing cancer treatment has a social welfare department that offers comprehensive support in various domains, including financial issues, mental health concerns, and other challenges.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"When we talk of mental health issues of cancer patients, we need to focus holistically as sometimes even lack of financial support can be the sole reason for mental illness."</p>

<p>Additionally, she said, in many cities where cancer treatment is available, there are non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that assist cancer patients and their families by providing treatment support, counseling services, and facilitating the formation of support groups.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Well-aligned support system definitely help cancer patients to combat mental health issues at various levels."</p>

<p>When asked about how cancer patients can effectively navigate challenging conversations about end-of-life concerns while preserving their mental well-being, Ms. Sharma emphasised the importance of accepting the reality of mortality.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Responding on how cancer patients can navigate difficult conversations about end-of-life concerns and maintaining their mental well-being, Ms. Sharma said, "This is evident that we all will die one day. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy helps them to accept death in a positive manner."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Ms. Sharma's approach involves helping her patients focus on making the most of the time they have left, rather than dwelling on the inability to extend their lifespan.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"I help my patients by adding days to the life left with them instead of feeling bad."</p>

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Mental health is a crucial aspect of our overall well-being, and yet it has often been overlooked or stigmatised in the past. However, in recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the significance of mental health and the impact it has on individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole.

Mental health is a crucial aspect of our overall well-being, and yet it has often been overlooked or stigmatised in the past. However, in recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the significance of mental health and the impact it has on individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. These concerns are also significant for cancer patients and those undergoing palliative therapies. A cancer diagnosis often triggers a range of emotions such as fear, sadness, anger, anxiety, and depression. It's crucial to acknowledge and address these emotions. These patients may benefit from counseling or therapy to help them cope with their feelings and develop effective strategies for managing stress. WION spoke with Consultant Rehabilitation Psychologist Ms. Archana Sharma on conditions that can significantly impact the quality of life of a cancer patient. Providing insights on techniques for individuals diagnosed with cancer to effectively navigate the emotional impact of their condition, Ms. Sharma said, "people when diagnosed with cancer have mixed feelings and emotions for various reasons that include threat to life, losing any of the body organs and sudden financial burden." She emphasized that when an individual receives a cancer or life-threatening disease diagnosis, it affects not only the person but the entire family, creating a sense of collective suffering. "So definitely psychological therapies and counseling processes help the suffering family and the patient in understanding the disease and accepting it. Without acceptance it's difficult to cope," she added. According to Ms. Sharma, various coping techniques such as cognitive behavior therapy, art therapy, Jacobson progressive muscle relaxation technique, and direct interactions with nature have proven beneficial in assisting cancer patients and their families in managing the challenges associated with the disease. When asked about the available support services for cancer patients dealing with mental health challenges, Ms. Sharma explained that every hospital providing cancer treatment has a social welfare department that offers comprehensive support in various domains, including financial issues, mental health concerns, and other challenges. "When we talk of mental health issues of cancer patients, we need to focus holistically as sometimes even lack of financial support can be the sole reason for mental illness." Additionally, she said, in many cities where cancer treatment is available, there are non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that assist cancer patients and their families by providing treatment support, counseling services, and facilitating the formation of support groups. "Well-aligned support system definitely help cancer patients to combat mental health issues at various levels." When asked about how cancer patients can effectively navigate challenging conversations about end-of-life concerns while preserving their mental well-being, Ms. Sharma emphasised the importance of accepting the reality of mortality. Responding on how cancer patients can navigate difficult conversations about end-of-life concerns and maintaining their mental well-being, Ms. Sharma said, "This is evident that we all will die one day. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy helps them to accept death in a positive manner." Ms. Sharma's approach involves helping her patients focus on making the most of the time they have left, rather than dwelling on the inability to extend their lifespan. "I help my patients by adding days to the life left with them instead of feeling bad." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Palliative care: A vital component for the well-being of cancer patients

<p>In a finding that can change the way how cancerous brain tumours are treated, a team of scientists led by an Indian, has found that cancerous cells link with healthy brain cells to become hyperactive. This in turn causes speedy cognitive loss and death in patients. The team of scientists from San Francisco Medical Centre&nbsp;was led by Saritha Krishna.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The team has also found out that a commonly used&nbsp;anti-seizure drug&nbsp;was effective in reducing hyperactivity of the tumour cells and even stopping their growth.</p>

<p>Press Trust of India reported that the study was published in latest issue of journal Nature.</p>

<p>These scientists have reportedly found out that the link up and communication between healthy brain cells and cancerous cells could be manipulated to slow down&nbsp;which can in turn, slow down or even halt growth of the tumour.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The study reportedly noted that these findings will be more beneficial for patients with glioblastoma. It is considered to be most fatal among adult brain cancers.</p>

<p>The study conducted by Krishna and fellow scientist Shawn Hervey-Jumper discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which brain tumours hijack and modify brain circuitry to cause a decline in cognitive activities in glioblastoma patients while recording the brain activity in patients undergoing awake-brain tumour surgery.</p>

<p>Krishna is a native of Thiruvananthapuram in southern Indian state of Kerala. She is the lead author of the paper. Krishna told PTI that when patients were given language tasks during awake brain surgery, in addition to the commonly known language areas of the brain, the scientists found activation in tumour-infiltrated brain regions. These regions were remote and farther away from language brain zones.</p>

<p>This unexpected finding showed that the deadly cancer cells can hijack and restructure connections in surrounding brain tissue to make them hyperactive, speeding up cognitive decline and shortening the survival period among patients.</p>

<p>Scientists were thus forced to carry out extensive biological characterisation of the connected tumour cells using brain organoids.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Brain organoids are small bundles of neurons derived from human stem cells and mouse models engrafted with human glioblastoma cells.</p>

<p>"These experiments revealed a key role of a protein called 'thrombospondin-1' in this neuronal hyperexcitability and that the drug, gabapentin, a commonly used anti-seizure medication, successfully reduced neuronal hyperexcitability and halted further tumour growth," the study quoted.</p>

<p>"Besides this known anti-seizure activity, this study discovering the anti-tumour effect of gabapentin using mouse models highlights the potential of repurposing this existing drug to target tumour growth, thereby expediting therapeutic drug development for patients with malignant glioma," Saritha said as quoted by the PTI.</p>

<p>"Non-invasive brain modulation techniques traditionally applied to modulate neuronal function in epilepsy and psychiatric diseases, could now be exploited in clinical trials and tested in patients with brain cancer to suppress glioma’s activity," she said.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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In a finding that can change the way how cancerous brain tumours are treated, a team of scientists led by an Indian, has found that cancerous cells link with healthy brain cells to become hyperactive.

In a finding that can change the way how cancerous brain tumours are treated, a team of scientists led by an Indian, has found that cancerous cells link with healthy brain cells to become hyperactive. This in turn causes speedy cognitive loss and death in patients. The team of scientists from San Francisco Medical Centre was led by Saritha Krishna. The team has also found out that a commonly used anti-seizure drug was effective in reducing hyperactivity of the tumour cells and even stopping their growth. Press Trust of India reported that the study was published in latest issue of journal Nature. These scientists have reportedly found out that the link up and communication between healthy brain cells and cancerous cells could be manipulated to slow down which can in turn, slow down or even halt growth of the tumour. The study reportedly noted that these findings will be more beneficial for patients with glioblastoma. It is considered to be most fatal among adult brain cancers. The study conducted by Krishna and fellow scientist Shawn Hervey-Jumper discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which brain tumours hijack and modify brain circuitry to cause a decline in cognitive activities in glioblastoma patients while recording the brain activity in patients undergoing awake-brain tumour surgery. Krishna is a native of Thiruvananthapuram in southern Indian state of Kerala. She is the lead author of the paper. Krishna told PTI that when patients were given language tasks during awake brain surgery, in addition to the commonly known language areas of the brain, the scientists found activation in tumour-infiltrated brain regions. These regions were remote and farther away from language brain zones. This unexpected finding showed that the deadly cancer cells can hijack and restructure connections in surrounding brain tissue to make them hyperactive, speeding up cognitive decline and shortening the survival period among patients. Scientists were thus forced to carry out extensive biological characterisation of the connected tumour cells using brain organoids. Brain organoids are small bundles of neurons derived from human stem cells and mouse models engrafted with human glioblastoma cells. "These experiments revealed a key role of a protein called 'thrombospondin-1' in this neuronal hyperexcitability and that the drug, gabapentin, a commonly used anti-seizure medication, successfully reduced neuronal hyperexcitability and halted further tumour growth," the study quoted. "Besides this known anti-seizure activity, this study discovering the anti-tumour effect of gabapentin using mouse models highlights the potential of repurposing this existing drug to target tumour growth, thereby expediting therapeutic drug development for patients with malignant glioma," Saritha said as quoted by the PTI. "Non-invasive brain modulation techniques traditionally applied to modulate neuronal function in epilepsy and psychiatric diseases, could now be exploited in clinical trials and tested in patients with brain cancer to suppress glioma’s activity," she said. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

US scientists, led by Indian, make big discovery that'll help brain cancer patients

Cooler temperatures and light rain brought relief that allowed some wildfire evacuees to return home in Canada's Alberta province but several blazes were still out of control and a coming sharp rise in the mercury could set back efforts to tame the fires.

Canada's Alberta declares state of emergency over wildfires

<p>A team of dermatologists&nbsp;discovered the world's smallest skin cancer after Christy Staats&nbsp;visited her dermatologist over a suspicious red spot underneath her eye.&nbsp;The spot was detected to be "Melonama." Dr Alexander Witkowski, an assistant professor of dermatology at the Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) in Poland, claimed it to be&nbsp;almost invisible to the human eye&nbsp;since the tiny spot was 0.65 mm in size and difficult to spot.&nbsp;The American Cancer Society has predicted that almost 97,610 cases of melanoma will be detected this year, FirstPost reported.&nbsp;According to the university, melanoma only accounts for one per cent of skin cancer&nbsp;cases, yet has a significant number of fatalities. Here's everything you need to know about melanoma and the smallest skin cancer&nbsp;ever detected.</p>

<p><strong>What is melanoma?</strong></p>

<p>The American Cancer Society stated melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops when melanocytes (cells that give the skin its colour) start to grow out of control. It can appear anywhere on the skin but is more likely to begin from the chest, back and areas like the neck and face. Cells in any part of the body can become cancerous and spread to other areas of the body.&nbsp;</p>

<p>As quoted by NDTV, it is one of the deadliest skin cancers&nbsp;which is caused by ultraviolet (UV) light emitted by the sun and is used in sunbeds.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>What are the symptoms of melanoma?</strong></p>

<p>The main symptom of this deadly skin cancer is a new mole or changes in an existing one, which can be anywhere on the body.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Another important symptom is a spot that looks different from all other spots on your skin. Other warning signs include a sore that doesn't heal, the spread of pigmentation, and redness or swelling of the mole.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>How was the "smallest skin cancer" detected?</strong></p>

<p>After the skin condition was discovered, Dr Witowski diagnosed Christy Staats with cherry angioma, non-cancerous skin growth.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The expert clicked its pictures using a Sklip smartphone attachment, which is designed for skin experts to take a close look at skin growth. He then performed reflectance confocal microscopy (RFM), illuminating and highlighting the spot, which revealed these atypical cells are present in melanoma patients.&nbsp;</p>

<p>He then claimed it to be the smallest type of skin cancer detected.</p>

<p>The university team&nbsp;was presented with a World Guinness Record for the discovery.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Can melanoma be cured?</strong></p>

<p>Yes, it can be cured but only when it's at the earliest stage, meaning when the cancer cells are present in the epidermis or the outermost skin layer. Treatment needs to ensure that all abnormal cells are eliminated, by removing melanoma along with some borders of the skin.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In the case of Staat,&nbsp;the cancer was found before it could spread to other parts of the body.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Consult an expert in case you notice anything abnormal on your body.</p>

<p>Every year, melanoma is diagnosed in over 17,000 Britishers and almost 100,000 Americans leading to over 2,000 and 8,00 deaths respectively.&nbsp;</p>


A team of dermatologists discovered the world's smallest skin cancer after Christy Staats visited her dermatologist over a suspicious red spot underneath her eye.

A team of dermatologists discovered the world's smallest skin cancer after Christy Staats visited her dermatologist over a suspicious red spot underneath her eye. The spot was detected to be "Melonama." Dr Alexander Witkowski, an assistant professor of dermatology at the Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) in Poland, claimed it to be almost invisible to the human eye since the tiny spot was 0.65 mm in size and difficult to spot. The American Cancer Society has predicted that almost 97,610 cases of melanoma will be detected this year, FirstPost reported. According to the university, melanoma only accounts for one per cent of skin cancer cases, yet has a significant number of fatalities. Here's everything you need to know about melanoma and the smallest skin cancer ever detected. What is melanoma? The American Cancer Society stated melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops when melanocytes (cells that give the skin its colour) start to grow out of control. It can appear anywhere on the skin but is more likely to begin from the chest, back and areas like the neck and face. Cells in any part of the body can become cancerous and spread to other areas of the body. As quoted by NDTV, it is one of the deadliest skin cancers which is caused by ultraviolet (UV) light emitted by the sun and is used in sunbeds. What are the symptoms of melanoma? The main symptom of this deadly skin cancer is a new mole or changes in an existing one, which can be anywhere on the body. Another important symptom is a spot that looks different from all other spots on your skin. Other warning signs include a sore that doesn't heal, the spread of pigmentation, and redness or swelling of the mole. How was the "smallest skin cancer" detected? After the skin condition was discovered, Dr Witowski diagnosed Christy Staats with cherry angioma, non-cancerous skin growth. The expert clicked its pictures using a Sklip smartphone attachment, which is designed for skin experts to take a close look at skin growth. He then performed reflectance confocal microscopy (RFM), illuminating and highlighting the spot, which revealed these atypical cells are present in melanoma patients. He then claimed it to be the smallest type of skin cancer detected. The university team was presented with a World Guinness Record for the discovery. Can melanoma be cured? Yes, it can be cured but only when it's at the earliest stage, meaning when the cancer cells are present in the epidermis or the outermost skin layer. Treatment needs to ensure that all abnormal cells are eliminated, by removing melanoma along with some borders of the skin. In the case of Staat, the cancer was found before it could spread to other parts of the body. Consult an expert in case you notice anything abnormal on your body. Every year, melanoma is diagnosed in over 17,000 Britishers and almost 100,000 Americans leading to over 2,000 and 8,00 deaths respectively.

The 'smallest detected skin cancer' turned out to be melanoma. Know its symptoms

<p>An artificial intelligence (AI) model has been created by scientists, doctors and researchers which can identify cancer accurately, marking a developmental stage which can speed up the diagnosis of the disease and fast-track treatment.</p>

<p>Cancer has become a leading cause of fatalities throughout the world, resulting in around 10 million deaths every year, which is one in six patients, according to the World Health Organization.</p>

<p>However, in many cases, cancer can be cured and lives can be saved if it is detected early and swift treatment is provided to patients.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |</strong> <a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/explained-ai-journalism-can-artificial-intelligence-replace-journalists-587630">Explained | AI journalism: Can artificial intelligence replace journalists?</a></p>

<p>Experts from Royal Marsden NHS foundation trust along with Imperial College London and the Institute of Cancer Research, London, designed the AI tool which can identify if abnormal growths seen on a person's CT scans are cancerous.</p>

<p>As per the study, the performance of the algorithm has been more efficient and effective compared to the current methods. The research's findings were published in the eBioMedicine journal of the Lancet.</p>

<p>“In the future, we hope it will improve early detection and potentially make cancer treatment more successful by highlighting high-risk patients and fast-tracking them to earlier intervention,” stated Dr Benjamin Hunter, a clinical research fellow at Imperial and a clinical oncology registrar who works at the Royal Marsden.</p>

<p>The research team used CT scans of around 500 patients who had large lung nodules to create an AI algorithm with the use of radiomics. Through the technique, vital information can be extracted from medical images that the human eye fails to easily spot.</p>

<p>A measure, known as area under the curve (AUC), was used in the study to test the model's effectiveness at predicting cancer.</p>

<p>If a model gets an AUC of 1 it will be considered, with 0.5 indicating that it is randomly guessing. The results of the study showed that the risk of cancer in each nodule can be identified by the AI model with an AUC of 0.87.</p>

<p>“According to these initial results, our model appears to identify cancerous large lung nodules accurately,” said Hunter. “Next, we plan to test the technology on patients with large lung nodules in the clinic to see if it can accurately predict their risk of lung cancer,” he added.</p>

<p><strong>WATCH | Artificial Intelligence has changed the music industry forever, here's how</strong></p>

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<p>Libra study’s chief investigator, Dr Richard Lee said, “Through this work, we hope to push boundaries to speed up the detection of the disease using innovative technologies such as AI.”</p>

<p>Speaking about lung cancer which is considered the biggest reason for cancer mortality, Lee stated, “People diagnosed with lung cancer at the earliest stage are much more likely to survive for five years when compared with those whose cancer is caught late. This means it is a priority we find ways to speed up the detection of the disease, and this study – which is the first to develop a radiomics model specifically focused on large lung nodules – could one-day support clinicians in identifying high-risk patients.”</p>

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An artificial intelligence (AI) model has been created by scientists, doctors and researchers which can identify cancer accurately, marking a developmental stage which can speed up the diagnosis of the disease and fast-track treatment.

An artificial intelligence (AI) model has been created by scientists, doctors and researchers which can identify cancer accurately, marking a developmental stage which can speed up the diagnosis of the disease and fast-track treatment. Cancer has become a leading cause of fatalities throughout the world, resulting in around 10 million deaths every year, which is one in six patients, according to the World Health Organization. However, in many cases, cancer can be cured and lives can be saved if it is detected early and swift treatment is provided to patients. ALSO READ | Explained | AI journalism: Can artificial intelligence replace journalists? Experts from Royal Marsden NHS foundation trust along with Imperial College London and the Institute of Cancer Research, London, designed the AI tool which can identify if abnormal growths seen on a person's CT scans are cancerous. As per the study, the performance of the algorithm has been more efficient and effective compared to the current methods. The research's findings were published in the eBioMedicine journal of the Lancet. “In the future, we hope it will improve early detection and potentially make cancer treatment more successful by highlighting high-risk patients and fast-tracking them to earlier intervention,” stated Dr Benjamin Hunter, a clinical research fellow at Imperial and a clinical oncology registrar who works at the Royal Marsden. The research team used CT scans of around 500 patients who had large lung nodules to create an AI algorithm with the use of radiomics. Through the technique, vital information can be extracted from medical images that the human eye fails to easily spot. A measure, known as area under the curve (AUC), was used in the study to test the model's effectiveness at predicting cancer. If a model gets an AUC of 1 it will be considered, with 0.5 indicating that it is randomly guessing. The results of the study showed that the risk of cancer in each nodule can be identified by the AI model with an AUC of 0.87. “According to these initial results, our model appears to identify cancerous large lung nodules accurately,” said Hunter. “Next, we plan to test the technology on patients with large lung nodules in the clinic to see if it can accurately predict their risk of lung cancer,” he added. WATCH | Artificial Intelligence has changed the music industry forever, here's how Libra study’s chief investigator, Dr Richard Lee said, “Through this work, we hope to push boundaries to speed up the detection of the disease using innovative technologies such as AI.” Speaking about lung cancer which is considered the biggest reason for cancer mortality, Lee stated, “People diagnosed with lung cancer at the earliest stage are much more likely to survive for five years when compared with those whose cancer is caught late. This means it is a priority we find ways to speed up the detection of the disease, and this study – which is the first to develop a radiomics model specifically focused on large lung nodules – could one-day support clinicians in identifying high-risk patients.” You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

AI to defeat cancer? Doctors create AI tool that can detect disease

A Johnson & Johnson subsidiary is again asking a U.S. judge to pause tens of thousands of lawsuits alleging the company's baby powder and other talc products cause cancer, as it seeks to resolve the litigation in bankruptcy after a federal appeals court found its first attempt improper.

J&J talc unit asks judge to halt cancer lawsuits as it pursues $8.9 bln settlement

<p>A study has found that remnants of million-year-old viruses passed down in humans, could have been hiding inside DNA, and might help the body fight cancers. Scientists believe that the findings could be useful to treat more people to survive lung cancer. &nbsp;</p>

<p>A group of scientists were studying lung cancer and analysing why some patients respond better than others to immunotherapy.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Lung cancer is a type of cancer which begins in the lungs and spreads to other organs. It is common cancer, caused by harmful cells in lungs and grows&nbsp;unchecked.&nbsp;</p>

<p>While the scientists at the Francis Crick Institute were studying lung cancer and related immunotherapy, they found that the dormant remnants become active when cancerous cells go out of control and then help the immune system target and attack the tumour.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Julian Downward, who is the associate research director and head of the oncogene biology laboratory at the institute, said: "This work opens up a number of new opportunities for improving patient responses to immunotherapy, a crucial step in helping more people survive lung cancer."&nbsp;</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05771-9">study </a>titled "Antibodies against endogenous retroviruses promote lung cancer immunotherapy" was published in the journal Nature this week.&nbsp;</p>

<p>A part of the story mentioned that anti-tumour antibodies are frequently induced in multiple cancer types, targeting both internal and tumour cell-surface antigens.&nbsp;</p>

<p>And these tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) include non-mutated differentiation antigens and shared tumour antigens, as well as antigens derived from endogenous retroviruses (ERVs)</p>

<p>Downward said: "We now know that areas of B cell expansion can help us predict a positive response to checkpoint inhibition. With more research, we could work to boost B cell activity in a targeted way for the patients less likely to respond."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Meanwhile, as quoted by media outlets, Dr Claire Bromley, who is from the charity, said that for better understanding and any practical approach, more research was needed. But Bromley added: "Nevertheless, this study adds to the growing body of research that could one day see this innovative approach to cancer treatment become a reality."&nbsp;<br />
<br />
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A study has found that remnants of million-year-old viruses passed down in humans, could have been hiding inside DNA, and might help the body fight cancers. Scientists believe that the findings could be useful to treat more people to survive lung cancer.

A study has found that remnants of million-year-old viruses passed down in humans, could have been hiding inside DNA, and might help the body fight cancers. Scientists believe that the findings could be useful to treat more people to survive lung cancer. A group of scientists were studying lung cancer and analysing why some patients respond better than others to immunotherapy. Lung cancer is a type of cancer which begins in the lungs and spreads to other organs. It is common cancer, caused by harmful cells in lungs and grows unchecked. While the scientists at the Francis Crick Institute were studying lung cancer and related immunotherapy, they found that the dormant remnants become active when cancerous cells go out of control and then help the immune system target and attack the tumour. Julian Downward, who is the associate research director and head of the oncogene biology laboratory at the institute, said: "This work opens up a number of new opportunities for improving patient responses to immunotherapy, a crucial step in helping more people survive lung cancer." The study titled "Antibodies against endogenous retroviruses promote lung cancer immunotherapy" was published in the journal Nature this week. A part of the story mentioned that anti-tumour antibodies are frequently induced in multiple cancer types, targeting both internal and tumour cell-surface antigens. And these tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) include non-mutated differentiation antigens and shared tumour antigens, as well as antigens derived from endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) Downward said: "We now know that areas of B cell expansion can help us predict a positive response to checkpoint inhibition. With more research, we could work to boost B cell activity in a targeted way for the patients less likely to respond." Meanwhile, as quoted by media outlets, Dr Claire Bromley, who is from the charity, said that for better understanding and any practical approach, more research was needed. But Bromley added: "Nevertheless, this study adds to the growing body of research that could one day see this innovative approach to cancer treatment become a reality." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Traces of ancient viruses in DNA of humans could help fight cancer: Study

<p>Sharing food with your loved ones is often considered a way to deepen the love and care two people share. However, a study published in the journal Nature shows that a virus that is primarily spread through saliva can evolve into cancer. This virus can be transmitted when people kiss, or share drinks or food and affects more than 90 per cent of the world's population.</p>

<p>The virus is called Epstein-Barr virus or EBV and it is the cause of infectious mononucleosis or mono and other infections. As per an ANI news agency report, the virus frequently comes with no symptoms.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Most EBV infections are small and transient, however, in some cases, the virus can go dormant and reactivate later.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Long-lasting latent infections, i.e., infections by an organism that has for some time been inactive in the body, are&nbsp;associated with a number of cancers as well as several chronic inflammatory disorders.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/research-reveals-how-artificial-intelligence-can-help-look-for-alien-lifeforms-on-mars-and-other-planets-582992">Research reveals how Artificial Intelligence can help look for alien lifeforms on Mars and other planets</a></strong></p>

<p>Researchers at the University of California San Diego have discovered how the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can exploit genomic weaknesses to trigger cancer, while also decreasing the body's ability to suppress it.&nbsp;</p>

<p>They found that the virus induces cleavage of human chromosome 11, and triggers genomic instability, which can activate a leukaemia-causing oncogene and reduce the function of a major tumour suppressor.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Throughout every person's genome, there are fragile sites that are more prone to producing mutations, breaks, or gaps when replicating, some of which can cause cancer. The researchers found that EBNA1, a viral protein that remains in cells infected with EBV, binds to a fragile site on human chromosome 11, triggering chromosomal breakage.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/traces-of-ancient-viruses-in-dna-of-humans-could-help-fight-cancer-study-582940">Traces of ancient viruses in DNA of humans could help fight cancer: Study</a></strong></p>

<p>Examining whole-genome sequencing data for 2,439 cancers across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, they found that cancer tumours with detectable EBV had higher levels of chromosome 11 abnormalities. This was found to be true in cases including 100 per cent of head and neck cancer cases.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The findings could help identify at-risk individuals who are susceptible to developing latent infection-associated diseases, as the EBV virus is generally harmless for most people, said the study's first author Julia Li, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in Cleveland's lab.</p>

<p>"For a ubiquitous virus that is harmless for the majority of the human population, identifying at-risk individuals susceptible to the development of latent infection-associated diseases is still an ongoing effort," she said.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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Sharing food with your loved ones is often considered a way to deepen the love and care two people share. However, a study published in the journal Nature shows that a virus that is primarily spread through saliva can evolve into cancer.

Sharing food with your loved ones is often considered a way to deepen the love and care two people share. However, a study published in the journal Nature shows that a virus that is primarily spread through saliva can evolve into cancer. This virus can be transmitted when people kiss, or share drinks or food and affects more than 90 per cent of the world's population. The virus is called Epstein-Barr virus or EBV and it is the cause of infectious mononucleosis or mono and other infections. As per an ANI news agency report, the virus frequently comes with no symptoms. Most EBV infections are small and transient, however, in some cases, the virus can go dormant and reactivate later. Long-lasting latent infections, i.e., infections by an organism that has for some time been inactive in the body, are associated with a number of cancers as well as several chronic inflammatory disorders. Also read | Research reveals how Artificial Intelligence can help look for alien lifeforms on Mars and other planets Researchers at the University of California San Diego have discovered how the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can exploit genomic weaknesses to trigger cancer, while also decreasing the body's ability to suppress it. They found that the virus induces cleavage of human chromosome 11, and triggers genomic instability, which can activate a leukaemia-causing oncogene and reduce the function of a major tumour suppressor. Throughout every person's genome, there are fragile sites that are more prone to producing mutations, breaks, or gaps when replicating, some of which can cause cancer. The researchers found that EBNA1, a viral protein that remains in cells infected with EBV, binds to a fragile site on human chromosome 11, triggering chromosomal breakage. Also read | Traces of ancient viruses in DNA of humans could help fight cancer: Study Examining whole-genome sequencing data for 2,439 cancers across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, they found that cancer tumours with detectable EBV had higher levels of chromosome 11 abnormalities. This was found to be true in cases including 100 per cent of head and neck cancer cases. The findings could help identify at-risk individuals who are susceptible to developing latent infection-associated diseases, as the EBV virus is generally harmless for most people, said the study's first author Julia Li, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in Cleveland's lab. "For a ubiquitous virus that is harmless for the majority of the human population, identifying at-risk individuals susceptible to the development of latent infection-associated diseases is still an ongoing effort," she said. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Study reveals how 'EBV' virus that spreads through saliva can lead to cancer

<p>A recent study into lung cancers has left researchers baffled as the key findings show that the tumour cells have almost "almost infinite" to evolve and survive, as per reports which also added that a universal cure for the disease is not likely to be in sight any sooner.</p>

<p>While the study said that even as one should not pin their hopes on a universal cure for cancer, there is a greater need to shift attention to preventive measures.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/imran-khan-bushra-bibis-marriage-not-as-per-shariah-law-cleric-581906">Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi's marriage not as per Shariah law: Cleric</a></p>

<p>As per Cancer Research UK, cancer must be detected when it is in an early stage. Under the title, TracerX, the analysis talks about the evolution of cancer and its causes.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It is pertinent to note that cancer cells can mutate and is ever-changing. These cells can reach a state where it becomes more aggressive and dodge the immune system. It further spread itself in different parts of the body.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The research was conducted on lung cancer patients, however, it purportedly applies to all types of cancers. For the study, biopsies for over 400 people who are treated at 13 UK hospitals, were taken from different parts of their lung cancer.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/world-bank-announces-grant-of-200-million-to-repair-ukraines-energy-infrastructure-581892">World Bank announces grant of $200 million to repair Ukraine's energy infrastructure</a></p>

<p>Professor Charles Swanton from the Francis Crick Institute and University College London said, "That has never been done before at this scale."&nbsp;</p>

<p>"I don't want to sound too depressing about this, but I think - given the almost infinite possibilities in which a tumour can evolve, and the very large number of cells in a late-stage tumour, which could be several hundred billion cells - then achieving cures in all patients with late-stage disease is a formidable task."</p>

<p><strong>Watch | Prince Harry to attend King Charles Coronation without wife Meghan</strong></p>

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<p>Professor Swanton said he does not think the universal cures is going to be able to come up by medical research any time soon. "If we want to make the biggest impact we need to focus on prevention, early detection and early detection of relapse," Swanton added.</p>

<p>Further shedding light on the types of cancers, the study suggests that tumours which demonstrate higher levels of genetic "chaos" were more likely to relapse after surgery to other parts of the body.&nbsp;One of the reasons that the study provides is that cellular machinery can get corrupted and make the cells more aggressive.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Head of prevention and early detection at Cancer Research UK Dr David Crosby said, "The exciting results emerging from TracerX improve our understanding that cancer is a disease which evolves as it progresses, meaning that late-stage cancers can become very hard to treat successfully."</p>

<p>"This underscores the crucial importance of further research to help us to detect cancers at the earliest stages of their development or even better, to prevent them from happening at all."</p>

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A recent study into lung cancers has left researchers baffled as the key findings show that the tumour cells have almost "almost infinite" to evolve and survive, as per reports which also added that a universal cure for the disease is not likely to be in sight any sooner.

A recent study into lung cancers has left researchers baffled as the key findings show that the tumour cells have almost "almost infinite" to evolve and survive, as per reports which also added that a universal cure for the disease is not likely to be in sight any sooner. While the study said that even as one should not pin their hopes on a universal cure for cancer, there is a greater need to shift attention to preventive measures. Also Read | Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi's marriage not as per Shariah law: Cleric As per Cancer Research UK, cancer must be detected when it is in an early stage. Under the title, TracerX, the analysis talks about the evolution of cancer and its causes. It is pertinent to note that cancer cells can mutate and is ever-changing. These cells can reach a state where it becomes more aggressive and dodge the immune system. It further spread itself in different parts of the body. The research was conducted on lung cancer patients, however, it purportedly applies to all types of cancers. For the study, biopsies for over 400 people who are treated at 13 UK hospitals, were taken from different parts of their lung cancer. Also Read | World Bank announces grant of $200 million to repair Ukraine's energy infrastructure Professor Charles Swanton from the Francis Crick Institute and University College London said, "That has never been done before at this scale." "I don't want to sound too depressing about this, but I think - given the almost infinite possibilities in which a tumour can evolve, and the very large number of cells in a late-stage tumour, which could be several hundred billion cells - then achieving cures in all patients with late-stage disease is a formidable task." Watch | Prince Harry to attend King Charles Coronation without wife Meghan × Professor Swanton said he does not think the universal cures is going to be able to come up by medical research any time soon. "If we want to make the biggest impact we need to focus on prevention, early detection and early detection of relapse," Swanton added. Further shedding light on the types of cancers, the study suggests that tumours which demonstrate higher levels of genetic "chaos" were more likely to relapse after surgery to other parts of the body. One of the reasons that the study provides is that cellular machinery can get corrupted and make the cells more aggressive. Head of prevention and early detection at Cancer Research UK Dr David Crosby said, "The exciting results emerging from TracerX improve our understanding that cancer is a disease which evolves as it progresses, meaning that late-stage cancers can become very hard to treat successfully." "This underscores the crucial importance of further research to help us to detect cancers at the earliest stages of their development or even better, to prevent them from happening at all." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Universal cure for cancer not anytime soon, tumours have 'almost infinite' ability to evolve: Research

Pharmaceutical giant Moderna says that it will develop a Cancer vaccine by 2030. Will Moderna cure cancer in the coming decades? Molly Gambhir reports.

Gravitas: Moderna to develop a Cancer vaccine by 2030?

Unlike the Covid vaccines, the advancements in the vaccines for cancer are awaited. Though a few major medical advancements take place now and then. Last month, U.S. FDA granted breakthrough therapy designation to Moderna & Merck's skin cancer vaccine. The mRNA cancer vaccines will train the patient's immune system to fight cancer.

Cancer vaccines to be a reality soon using technology akin to that of Covid shots

Cancer patients undergoing Chemotherapy often lose their hair as a side effect of the treatment. A beautician in Nairobi is helping to improve Cancer patients' self-esteem with free wigs and makeovers.

Salon in Nairobi for Cancer patients | World Of Africa

<p>Military pilots have high rates of cancer, and for the first time, a <a href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/23713702-military-pilots-cancer-study">Pentagon study </a>has revealed that the ground crews who fuel, maintain, and launch those aircraft are also becoming sick.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Retired military aviators who had been raising concerns about the number of air and ground crew personnel they knew who had cancer for years had long wanted the data. They were informed that past military investigations had found no evidence that they were more at risk than the American population as a whole, as reported by the Associated Press.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The Pentagon found that air crew members had an 87&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;higher rate of melanoma and a 39 per cent&nbsp;higher rate of thyroid cancer, as well as a 16 per cent&nbsp;higher rate of prostate cancer for men and a 16&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;higher rate of breast cancer for women, in its year-long study of nearly 900,000 service members who flew or worked on military aircraft between 1992 and 2017. The risk of all cancers was 24&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;higher overall among flight crews.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The study found that while women had a seven&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;higher breast cancer risk, ground crews had a 19&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;higher rate of brain and nervous system cancers, a 15&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;&nbsp;higher rate of thyroid cancer, and a nine&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;&nbsp;higher rate of kidney or renal cancers. The total rate of all cancers increased by three&nbsp;per cent.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/3d-bioprinting-in-healthcare-this-technology-can-repair-organs-inside-the-human-body-573782">3D bioprinting in healthcare: This technology can eliminate the need for invasive surgeries</a></p>

<p>Additionally, some good news was reported. Lung cancer rates were much lower among ground and air crews, and air crews also had reduced rates of bladder and colon cancer.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;Did Trump pay adult-film star to not discuss the encounter? New York braces for drama | Details</strong></p>

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<p>As observed by&nbsp;the Pentagon, the latest study was one of the biggest and most comprehensive studies to date. This study looked across all of the services and at both air and ground troops, in contrast to a prior study that just examined Air Force pilots and discovered some increased rates of cancer.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The research found that when people in the crew were diagnosed with cancer, they had a higher chance of surviving than people in the general population. The research suggested that this was because crew members were more likely to be in better health due to their military fitness requirements and were diagnosed with cancer earlier due to regular required medical checkups.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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Military pilots have high rates of cancer, and for the first time, a Pentagon study has revealed that the ground crews who fuel, maintain, and launch those aircraft are also becoming sick.

Military pilots have high rates of cancer, and for the first time, a Pentagon study has revealed that the ground crews who fuel, maintain, and launch those aircraft are also becoming sick. Retired military aviators who had been raising concerns about the number of air and ground crew personnel they knew who had cancer for years had long wanted the data. They were informed that past military investigations had found no evidence that they were more at risk than the American population as a whole, as reported by the Associated Press. The Pentagon found that air crew members had an 87 per cent higher rate of melanoma and a 39 per cent higher rate of thyroid cancer, as well as a 16 per cent higher rate of prostate cancer for men and a 16 per cent higher rate of breast cancer for women, in its year-long study of nearly 900,000 service members who flew or worked on military aircraft between 1992 and 2017. The risk of all cancers was 24 per cent higher overall among flight crews. The study found that while women had a seven per cent higher breast cancer risk, ground crews had a 19 per cent higher rate of brain and nervous system cancers, a 15 per cent higher rate of thyroid cancer, and a nine per cent higher rate of kidney or renal cancers. The total rate of all cancers increased by three per cent. ALSO READ | 3D bioprinting in healthcare: This technology can eliminate the need for invasive surgeries Additionally, some good news was reported. Lung cancer rates were much lower among ground and air crews, and air crews also had reduced rates of bladder and colon cancer. ALSO WATCH | Did Trump pay adult-film star to not discuss the encounter? New York braces for drama | Details As observed by the Pentagon, the latest study was one of the biggest and most comprehensive studies to date. This study looked across all of the services and at both air and ground troops, in contrast to a prior study that just examined Air Force pilots and discovered some increased rates of cancer. The research found that when people in the crew were diagnosed with cancer, they had a higher chance of surviving than people in the general population. The research suggested that this was because crew members were more likely to be in better health due to their military fitness requirements and were diagnosed with cancer earlier due to regular required medical checkups. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

US: Pentagon study finds higher cancer rates in military pilots, ground crew

<p>Tennis great&nbsp;Martina&nbsp;Navratilova said she is cancer-free nearly four months after announcing she had been diagnosed with throat and breast cancer. The Czech–American, who won a total of 59 Grand Slam titles across singles and doubles and is considered among one the greatest players of all time, had said in January that the cancer was in Stage 1.</p>

<p>"As far as they know I'm cancer-free," the 66-year-old told Piers Morgan for TalkTV in an excerpt of an interview to be released later on Tuesday. "I still need to do the right breast probably with radiation but only for a couple of weeks and that's more preventative than anything else."</p>

<p>The cancer was discovered in November last year. Navratilova was previously diagnosed with breast cancer in 2010 and recovered.</p>

<h3><strong>Navratilova puts adoption plan on hold</strong></h3>

<p>Tennis icon Martina Navratilova has conceded that the adoption plans she had with wife Julia Lemigova have been "put on hold" due to her battle against cancer.</p>

<p>The 66-year-old has revealed she is now "cancer-free" just two months after being diagnosed with stage one throat and breast cancer. The Czech-born tennis star won 18 major singles titles and 31 Grand Slam doubles crowns during her illustrious career and has now re-considered her adoption plan.</p>


Tennis great Martina Navratilova said she is cancer-free nearly four months after announcing she had been diagnosed with throat and breast cancer. The Czech–American, who won a total of 59 Grand Slam titles across singles and doubles and is considered among one the greatest players of all time, had said in January that the cancer was in Stage 1.

Tennis great Martina Navratilova said she is cancer-free nearly four months after announcing she had been diagnosed with throat and breast cancer. The Czech–American, who won a total of 59 Grand Slam titles across singles and doubles and is considered among one the greatest players of all time, had said in January that the cancer was in Stage 1. "As far as they know I'm cancer-free," the 66-year-old told Piers Morgan for TalkTV in an excerpt of an interview to be released later on Tuesday. "I still need to do the right breast probably with radiation but only for a couple of weeks and that's more preventative than anything else." The cancer was discovered in November last year. Navratilova was previously diagnosed with breast cancer in 2010 and recovered. Navratilova puts adoption plan on hold Tennis icon Martina Navratilova has conceded that the adoption plans she had with wife Julia Lemigova have been "put on hold" due to her battle against cancer. The 66-year-old has revealed she is now "cancer-free" just two months after being diagnosed with stage one throat and breast cancer. The Czech-born tennis star won 18 major singles titles and 31 Grand Slam doubles crowns during her illustrious career and has now re-considered her adoption plan.

Tennis great Martina Navratilova says she is free of cancer

<p>The site of Ohio town's train derailment in the United States contains cancer-causing toxin levels far above the safe limit, newly released data has found.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The levels of toxins found in two soil samples are up to 14 times higher than dioxin soil limits in some US states. At the same time, 'the numbers point to wider contamination', Linda Birnbaum, a former head of the US National Toxicology Programme and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) scientist was quoted as saying by <em>The Guardian</em>.</p>

<p>Dioxins are a class of chemicals that are a byproduct produced when chlorine is burned, which is a common industrial process in making products such as polymer pipes.</p>

<p>"The levels are not screaming high, but we have confirmed that dioxins are in East Palestine’s soil," she was quoted as saying by <em>The Guardian</em>. "The EPA must test the soil in the area more broadly."</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;In pics | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/in-pics-ohio-derailment-leaves-toxic-trail-of-chemical-spillage-drone-footage-shows-559619">Ohio derailment leaves toxic trail of chemical spillage, drone footage shows</a></strong></p>

<p>East Palestine's train crash&nbsp;as well as its toxic aftermath&nbsp;have&nbsp;become a major issue in the United States. The locals as well as the activists have cited a lack of action by both the government and the train operator, Norfolk Southern.</p>

<p>The data released suggests that the soil at the site of train crash had toxicity equivalence of “2,3,7,8 TCDD toxicity equivalence” of 700 parts per trillion (ppt). The level at which the authorities will initiate cleanup action in residential areas is 1,000 ppt.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;Ohio train derailment: Environmental disaster</strong></p>

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<p>In many US states, the cleanup triggers are much lower than what has been reported from Ohio's train derailment site – 90 ppt in Michigan, and 50 ppt in California.</p>

<p>“So based on this, the concentrations are actually concerning,” Carsten Prasse, an organic chemist at Johns Hopkins University and scientific adviser for SimpleLab, was quoted as saying by <em>The Guardian</em>.<br />
<br />
<em>(With inputs from agencies)</em><br />
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<p>You can <strong>now write for wionews.com</strong> and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us <strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.</strong></p>


The site of Ohio town's train derailment in the United States contains cancer-causing toxin levels far above the safe limit, newly released data has found. The levels of toxins found in two soil samples are up to 14 times higher than dioxin soil limits in some US states.

The site of Ohio town's train derailment in the United States contains cancer-causing toxin levels far above the safe limit, newly released data has found. The levels of toxins found in two soil samples are up to 14 times higher than dioxin soil limits in some US states. At the same time, 'the numbers point to wider contamination', Linda Birnbaum, a former head of the US National Toxicology Programme and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) scientist was quoted as saying by The Guardian. Dioxins are a class of chemicals that are a byproduct produced when chlorine is burned, which is a common industrial process in making products such as polymer pipes. "The levels are not screaming high, but we have confirmed that dioxins are in East Palestine’s soil," she was quoted as saying by The Guardian. "The EPA must test the soil in the area more broadly." ALSO READ | In pics | Ohio derailment leaves toxic trail of chemical spillage, drone footage shows East Palestine's train crash as well as its toxic aftermath have become a major issue in the United States. The locals as well as the activists have cited a lack of action by both the government and the train operator, Norfolk Southern. The data released suggests that the soil at the site of train crash had toxicity equivalence of “2,3,7,8 TCDD toxicity equivalence” of 700 parts per trillion (ppt). The level at which the authorities will initiate cleanup action in residential areas is 1,000 ppt. ALSO WATCH | Ohio train derailment: Environmental disaster × In many US states, the cleanup triggers are much lower than what has been reported from Ohio's train derailment site – 90 ppt in Michigan, and 50 ppt in California. “So based on this, the concentrations are actually concerning,” Carsten Prasse, an organic chemist at Johns Hopkins University and scientific adviser for SimpleLab, was quoted as saying by The Guardian. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Ohio train derailment site contaminated with cancer-causing toxins, study finds

Here, we bring you the news that is trending across WION's social media platforms - Kiska, dubbed the loneliest whale in the world, has died at Marineland, a zoo and amusement park in Canada. Caught in wild Icelandic waters she spent four decades held captive. She was just three years old when she was taken from the ocean, and her family, and condemned to a life in a barren, concrete tank.

Trending on WION: Pfizer to acquire US biotech firm Seagen to accelerate fight against cancer

In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, diseases of the circulatory system were the main cause of death in all EU countries, except in Denmark, Ireland, France and the Netherlands, where cancer was the main cause. These two groups of diseases, remained the leading causes of death and in total, 1.7 million people died of circulatory diseases and almost 1.2 million died from cancer.

Circulatory diseases killed more than COVID-19 in 2020

<p>'Dukes of Hazzard' actor John Schneider announced on Tuesday that his wife, producer Alicia Allain, has died. The actor shared the tragic news on his social media and wrote, "My beautiful Smile is pain free, living in her new body alongside Jesus." The actor asked for privacy in this moment of grief and said, "Please do not ask any questions. If you have any pictures of us and our obvious love and adoration for each other, please post them below. Lastly… hug those you love tight and let them know how you feel. We always did."</p>

<p>Schneider and Allain married in 2019. Allain was a producer and an executive director. She was 53. The cause of her death has not been made public although the couple has been quite open about Allain's battle with cancer for the last few years.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>An obituary from the Wilbert Funeral Home in Plaquemine, Louisiana, clarified that Allain passed away surrounded by family at her home on Tuesday.<br />
<br />
Shneider later shared an additional post detailing his pain. &nbsp;"This is a time of unimaginable sorrow for me. Grief is much too small a word. I’ve heard it said that ‘with great love comes great sorrow.' I had no idea what that meant until now. Alicia was the fuel that ran my biggest dreams. The inspiration behind every creative thought. The very fabric of my soul. The glue that held me together. I miss her more than any words could possibly describe."<br />
<br />
The actor also appealed to his fans that if they happened to see him at a coffee shop or anywhere out, they should ask how he is doing. "The answer is ‘broken’ and it’s currently too difficult for me to fathom and certainly too painful to verbalize. She loved you all and spoke of how dedicated and loyal you have been all these years and I love you right along with her. Bare with me down this rutted and treacherous road I never dreamed I’d have to travel. Be patient with my unimaginable process."<br />
<br />
Schneider asked his fans to continue to "pray for the strength of myself and my beautiful family to endure these most trying of times," and concluded his message by thanking the Lord "for sharing the gift of Alicia with me." The actor added that he will never be the same again.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
Earlier in 2020, Schneider and Allain had announced on 'Fox &amp; Friends' that Allain had been diagnosed with stage 4 HER2 negative cancer.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
At the time of her diagnosis, Schneider says his wife was "three years into a five-year shelf life."<br />
<br />
Allain said that her symptoms consisted of 'aches and pains,' which eventually "showed up on the skin." After seeking treatment from a dermatologist, Allain learned of her diagnosis.</p>


'Dukes of Hazzard' actor John Schneider announced on Tuesday that his wife, producer Alicia Allain, has died. The actor shared the tragic news on his social media and wrote, "My beautiful Smile is pain free, living in her new body alongside Jesus.

'Dukes of Hazzard' actor John Schneider announced on Tuesday that his wife, producer Alicia Allain, has died. The actor shared the tragic news on his social media and wrote, "My beautiful Smile is pain free, living in her new body alongside Jesus." The actor asked for privacy in this moment of grief and said, "Please do not ask any questions. If you have any pictures of us and our obvious love and adoration for each other, please post them below. Lastly… hug those you love tight and let them know how you feel. We always did." Schneider and Allain married in 2019. Allain was a producer and an executive director. She was 53. The cause of her death has not been made public although the couple has been quite open about Allain's battle with cancer for the last few years. View this post on Instagram A post shared by John Schneider (@johnschneider) × An obituary from the Wilbert Funeral Home in Plaquemine, Louisiana, clarified that Allain passed away surrounded by family at her home on Tuesday. Shneider later shared an additional post detailing his pain. "This is a time of unimaginable sorrow for me. Grief is much too small a word. I’ve heard it said that ‘with great love comes great sorrow.' I had no idea what that meant until now. Alicia was the fuel that ran my biggest dreams. The inspiration behind every creative thought. The very fabric of my soul. The glue that held me together. I miss her more than any words could possibly describe." The actor also appealed to his fans that if they happened to see him at a coffee shop or anywhere out, they should ask how he is doing. "The answer is ‘broken’ and it’s currently too difficult for me to fathom and certainly too painful to verbalize. She loved you all and spoke of how dedicated and loyal you have been all these years and I love you right along with her. Bare with me down this rutted and treacherous road I never dreamed I’d have to travel. Be patient with my unimaginable process." Schneider asked his fans to continue to "pray for the strength of myself and my beautiful family to endure these most trying of times," and concluded his message by thanking the Lord "for sharing the gift of Alicia with me." The actor added that he will never be the same again. Earlier in 2020, Schneider and Allain had announced on 'Fox & Friends' that Allain had been diagnosed with stage 4 HER2 negative cancer. At the time of her diagnosis, Schneider says his wife was "three years into a five-year shelf life." Allain said that her symptoms consisted of 'aches and pains,' which eventually "showed up on the skin." After seeking treatment from a dermatologist, Allain learned of her diagnosis.

Actor John Schneider reveals his wife Alicia Allain is dead: 'My beautiful smile is pain free'

<p>Scientists have discovered the pieces of DNA which are said to act like “Bond villains” in helping cancers spread. The bits of genetic material known as extrachromosomal DNA or ecDNA were found by researchers working on an initiative known as the Cancer Grand Challenges, which is backed by Cancer Research in the United Kingdom and the United States National Cancer Institute. The team of researchers included chemists, biologists, geneticists, mathematicians, and immunologists based in London and California as well as other centres, reported the Guardian.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The scientists also said that this ecDNA can help tumours to develop resistance to anti-cancer drugs, therefore, its discovery can revolutionise treatments of some of the most aggressive tumours affecting people today. Speaking to the Guardian, Professor Paul Mischel of California’s Stanford University, called the discovery of how these microscopic agents behave inside the human body a “game changer.”&nbsp;</p>

<p>He added, that they believe that this ecDNA is responsible for a “large number of the more advanced, most serious cancers” that people are suffering from today and if they can “block their activities, we can block the spread of these cancers.” Notably, these small circular pieces of genetic information can enable cancer cells to evolve rapidly and become more resistant to existing cancer treatments.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Furthermore, researchers also found that the ecDNA act as cancer-causing genes as they are somehow able to separate themselves from a person’s chromosomes and “have started to behave in ways that circumvent the normal rules of genetics” said Stanford University geneticist Howard Chang, as per the Guardian. He added, “They behave like villains in a Bond film. At first, in a film, you see different explosions, killings and disasters occurring and you don’t know why they are happening or who is responsible. Then, at some point, you finally meet the villain who is revealed to be the agent of all this mayhem.”</p>

<p>While these genes, known as oncogenes, can be targeted by a range of drugs and therapies it is their resistance to these methods which allows cancer to return, Professor Mischel explained. Researchers also found that in some of the most aggressive forms of cancer, the oncogenes were “actually on extrachromosomal DNA.”</p>

<p>He added, “The vulnerable gene had quickly disappeared when threatened by cancer drugs and was hidden in ecDNA. Then it reappeared once it was safe for it to start causing damage again”. Therefore, the researchers are now “looking to pinpoint the achilles heel of ecDNA and have identified a protein that helps hold it together”, said Chang, reported the Guardian. He also spoke about how the team has found the drug which has a “promising effect” on the identified protein and in a few years with a lot more testing he is sure that they will find the best way to tackle ecDNA. &nbsp;<br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>

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Scientists have discovered the pieces of DNA which are said to act like “Bond villains” in helping cancers spread. The bits of genetic material known as extrachromosomal DNA or ecDNA were found by researchers working on an initiative known as the Cancer Grand Challenges, which is backed by Cancer Research in the United Kingdom and the United States National Cancer Institute.

Scientists have discovered the pieces of DNA which are said to act like “Bond villains” in helping cancers spread. The bits of genetic material known as extrachromosomal DNA or ecDNA were found by researchers working on an initiative known as the Cancer Grand Challenges, which is backed by Cancer Research in the United Kingdom and the United States National Cancer Institute. The team of researchers included chemists, biologists, geneticists, mathematicians, and immunologists based in London and California as well as other centres, reported the Guardian. The scientists also said that this ecDNA can help tumours to develop resistance to anti-cancer drugs, therefore, its discovery can revolutionise treatments of some of the most aggressive tumours affecting people today. Speaking to the Guardian, Professor Paul Mischel of California’s Stanford University, called the discovery of how these microscopic agents behave inside the human body a “game changer.” He added, that they believe that this ecDNA is responsible for a “large number of the more advanced, most serious cancers” that people are suffering from today and if they can “block their activities, we can block the spread of these cancers.” Notably, these small circular pieces of genetic information can enable cancer cells to evolve rapidly and become more resistant to existing cancer treatments. Furthermore, researchers also found that the ecDNA act as cancer-causing genes as they are somehow able to separate themselves from a person’s chromosomes and “have started to behave in ways that circumvent the normal rules of genetics” said Stanford University geneticist Howard Chang, as per the Guardian. He added, “They behave like villains in a Bond film. At first, in a film, you see different explosions, killings and disasters occurring and you don’t know why they are happening or who is responsible. Then, at some point, you finally meet the villain who is revealed to be the agent of all this mayhem.” While these genes, known as oncogenes, can be targeted by a range of drugs and therapies it is their resistance to these methods which allows cancer to return, Professor Mischel explained. Researchers also found that in some of the most aggressive forms of cancer, the oncogenes were “actually on extrachromosomal DNA.” He added, “The vulnerable gene had quickly disappeared when threatened by cancer drugs and was hidden in ecDNA. Then it reappeared once it was safe for it to start causing damage again”. Therefore, the researchers are now “looking to pinpoint the achilles heel of ecDNA and have identified a protein that helps hold it together”, said Chang, reported the Guardian. He also spoke about how the team has found the drug which has a “promising effect” on the identified protein and in a few years with a lot more testing he is sure that they will find the best way to tackle ecDNA. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Scientists discover ‘Bond villain’ DNA, say it is ‘game changer’ for cancer treatment

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<p>Abnormal growth of cells begins in the gallbladder, which is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of the abdomen, just beneath your liver, is defined as gallbladder cancer. Experts have noted that the size gallbladder and its location make it easier for cancer to grow undetected.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In a report published in a medical journal in August 2019, it was found that cases of gallbladder cancer (GBC) have been increasing significantly.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The <a href="https://cco.amegroups.com/article/view/28518/25067">report</a> titled-"Epidemiology of gallbladder cancer in India"-it is mentioned that India is a high-incidence area for GBC and contributes to about 10 per cent of the global GBC burden.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It was also mentioned that within India, the incidence is high in the North, North-East, Central and Eastern parts of the nation and less common in South and West India.&nbsp;</p>

<p>WION spoke with experts to know more about GBC.&nbsp;<strong>Dr Shubham Jain</strong>, the HoD and consultant at surgical oncology, HCMCT in Manipal Hospitals,&nbsp;Dwarka in New Delhi, said: "India is in fact a high-incidence area for GBC seen worldwide, the South Asian region contributes roughly 70 per cent of the patients suffering from this type of cancer. The Indo-Gangetic belt, which is predominantly northern India is the area with the highest density of patients suffering from GBC."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Jain added, "Conventionally, gallstones are seen as a risk factor for developing cancer, however, there are no defined preventive strategies towards fighting gall balder cancers."&nbsp;</p>

<p>He noted that it is not recommended that anybody diagnosed with gall stones disease should get the gall removal done just because of the fear of developing gallbladder cancer in the future.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Jain said that GBC is known to be aggressive cancer so if detected timely, surgery is the best to trfeat it.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Dr Sumit Bhatia</strong>, who is a senior consultant gastroenterologist at Paras Hospital in Gurgaon, said: "Gallbladder cancer is a lethal and a very aggressive malignancy worldwide this cancer is supposed to be rare but they are marked ethnic in geographical variations. Now in India itself, they are marked regional differences in the incidence and prevalence of gallbladder cancer."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Talking about risk factors, Dr Bhatia said that for GBC, there are several risk factors. He reiterated that it's more common in certain specific geographic areas like Northern India.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Bhatia said that it's more common in females as compared to males but the most important risk factor is the presence of gallstones.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Bhatia said, "Gallstones are seen in almost 80% to 90% of gallbladder cancer cases. In addition to gallstones, the other risk factors are old age, and obesity and it's very common in smokers."&nbsp;</p>

<p>"It's common in females taking medication like contraceptive pills. It's again common in patients with a strong family history of gall bladder cancer earlier and in certain infections like Salmonella-typhi carriers," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Bhatia explained, "The symptoms for gall bladder cancers are very vague and non-specific and hence most patients are diagnosed once the disease is at an advanced stage."&nbsp;</p>

<p>While talking about early signs and symptoms, Dr Bhatia said that the common presenting symptoms for gallbladder cancer are the right upper abdominal pain or discomfort."&nbsp;</p>

<p>He said that patients can also present with non-specific vague symptoms like loss of appetite loss of weight and jaundice. Jaundice generally is a feature of advanced disease if the person has any of the above symptoms or has gallstones with other important risk factors.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Bhatia recommended that patients need to take medical opinion regarding early gallbladder surgery and if diagnosed early and well in time, which unfortunately happens only in 5% to 10% of cases, surgery is a treatment of choice.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Dr Bhatia said that gall bladder cancer otherwise carries a very poor prognosis with advanced disease.&nbsp;</p>

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Abnormal growth of cells begins in the gallbladder, which is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of the abdomen, just beneath your liver, is defined as gallbladder cancer.

Abnormal growth of cells begins in the gallbladder, which is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of the abdomen, just beneath your liver, is defined as gallbladder cancer. Experts have noted that the size gallbladder and its location make it easier for cancer to grow undetected. In a report published in a medical journal in August 2019, it was found that cases of gallbladder cancer (GBC) have been increasing significantly. The report titled-"Epidemiology of gallbladder cancer in India"-it is mentioned that India is a high-incidence area for GBC and contributes to about 10 per cent of the global GBC burden. It was also mentioned that within India, the incidence is high in the North, North-East, Central and Eastern parts of the nation and less common in South and West India. WION spoke with experts to know more about GBC. Dr Shubham Jain, the HoD and consultant at surgical oncology, HCMCT in Manipal Hospitals, Dwarka in New Delhi, said: "India is in fact a high-incidence area for GBC seen worldwide, the South Asian region contributes roughly 70 per cent of the patients suffering from this type of cancer. The Indo-Gangetic belt, which is predominantly northern India is the area with the highest density of patients suffering from GBC." Dr Jain added, "Conventionally, gallstones are seen as a risk factor for developing cancer, however, there are no defined preventive strategies towards fighting gall balder cancers." He noted that it is not recommended that anybody diagnosed with gall stones disease should get the gall removal done just because of the fear of developing gallbladder cancer in the future. Dr Jain said that GBC is known to be aggressive cancer so if detected timely, surgery is the best to trfeat it. Dr Sumit Bhatia, who is a senior consultant gastroenterologist at Paras Hospital in Gurgaon, said: "Gallbladder cancer is a lethal and a very aggressive malignancy worldwide this cancer is supposed to be rare but they are marked ethnic in geographical variations. Now in India itself, they are marked regional differences in the incidence and prevalence of gallbladder cancer." Talking about risk factors, Dr Bhatia said that for GBC, there are several risk factors. He reiterated that it's more common in certain specific geographic areas like Northern India. Dr Bhatia said that it's more common in females as compared to males but the most important risk factor is the presence of gallstones. Dr Bhatia said, "Gallstones are seen in almost 80% to 90% of gallbladder cancer cases. In addition to gallstones, the other risk factors are old age, and obesity and it's very common in smokers." "It's common in females taking medication like contraceptive pills. It's again common in patients with a strong family history of gall bladder cancer earlier and in certain infections like Salmonella-typhi carriers," he added. Dr Bhatia explained, "The symptoms for gall bladder cancers are very vague and non-specific and hence most patients are diagnosed once the disease is at an advanced stage." While talking about early signs and symptoms, Dr Bhatia said that the common presenting symptoms for gallbladder cancer are the right upper abdominal pain or discomfort." He said that patients can also present with non-specific vague symptoms like loss of appetite loss of weight and jaundice. Jaundice generally is a feature of advanced disease if the person has any of the above symptoms or has gallstones with other important risk factors. Dr Bhatia recommended that patients need to take medical opinion regarding early gallbladder surgery and if diagnosed early and well in time, which unfortunately happens only in 5% to 10% of cases, surgery is a treatment of choice. Dr Bhatia said that gall bladder cancer otherwise carries a very poor prognosis with advanced disease. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Experts weigh in on India being high-incidence region for gallbladder cancer globally

<p>A British woman from New Manchester claimed that a $5.72 pizza helped her find out that she had cancer in her left lung. The&nbsp;woman had ordered a pizza online and put the dish in the oven to heat it. The woman said that while putting the pizza in the oven, she lost her balance and slipped. The 'excruciating' pain spread across her back, both shoulders and head. When the woman reached hospital, the doctors discovered unusual growth on her left lung, apart from a minor fracture on her spine due to her near-the-oven fall.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-cancer-day-2023-add-these-foods-to-your-diet-to-lower-cancer-risk-558754">World Cancer Day 2023: Add these foods to your diet to lower cancer risk</a></strong></p>

<p>"In a way, this snack was responsible for saving my life,"&nbsp;the woman, Ms. Schofield was quoted as saying by Daily Mail. &nbsp;</p>

<p>On July 25, 2022, Schofield marked the beginning of the end of her cancer treatment and in November, she was declared to be in remission.&nbsp;</p>

<p>She now reportedly attends follow up appointments every three months and these are set to continue for the next five years. &nbsp;</p>

<p>She said, "I'm still struggling with my health but my body has been through a lot of treatments to get rid of the cancer. I'm glad I slipped over and hurt myself – it's the only reason I'm still kicking about today and it's all because of a miracle pizza."</p>

<p><strong>ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/your-story-breast-cancer-overtakes-lung-cancer-to-become-most-common-361395">Your Story: Breast cancer overtakes Lung cancer to become most common</a></strong></p>

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<p>Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in the UK, accounting for around a fifth of all deaths from the disease. It kills almost 35,000 people each year in the UK and more than 127,000 in the United States. Just one in five men, and one in five women with lung cancer live for more than five years, in the UK. This is partly because lung cancer often doesn't cause symptoms, such as a persistent cough, until it has progressed. &nbsp;Smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer, accounting for more than 70 out of 100 cases, according to the National Health Service. But, even people who have never smoked can develop the disease, mostly in old age.&nbsp;</p>

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A British woman from New Manchester claimed that a $5.72 pizza helped her find out that she had cancer in her left lung. The woman had ordered a pizza online and put the dish in the oven to heat it.

A British woman from New Manchester claimed that a $5.72 pizza helped her find out that she had cancer in her left lung. The woman had ordered a pizza online and put the dish in the oven to heat it. The woman said that while putting the pizza in the oven, she lost her balance and slipped. The 'excruciating' pain spread across her back, both shoulders and head. When the woman reached hospital, the doctors discovered unusual growth on her left lung, apart from a minor fracture on her spine due to her near-the-oven fall. ALSO READ | World Cancer Day 2023: Add these foods to your diet to lower cancer risk "In a way, this snack was responsible for saving my life," the woman, Ms. Schofield was quoted as saying by Daily Mail. On July 25, 2022, Schofield marked the beginning of the end of her cancer treatment and in November, she was declared to be in remission. She now reportedly attends follow up appointments every three months and these are set to continue for the next five years. She said, "I'm still struggling with my health but my body has been through a lot of treatments to get rid of the cancer. I'm glad I slipped over and hurt myself – it's the only reason I'm still kicking about today and it's all because of a miracle pizza." ALSO WATCH | Your Story: Breast cancer overtakes Lung cancer to become most common × Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in the UK, accounting for around a fifth of all deaths from the disease. It kills almost 35,000 people each year in the UK and more than 127,000 in the United States. Just one in five men, and one in five women with lung cancer live for more than five years, in the UK. This is partly because lung cancer often doesn't cause symptoms, such as a persistent cough, until it has progressed. Smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer, accounting for more than 70 out of 100 cases, according to the National Health Service. But, even people who have never smoked can develop the disease, mostly in old age. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

British woman credits ‘miracle pizza’ for her timely lung cancer diagnosis

Academic, author, and entrepreneur Vivek Wadhwa lost a dear family member to cancer - and a cure for the disease became his life’s mission. He speaks to Vikram Chandra about why he feels medical research is easier in India than the US, and why India is the place where he feels most excited to launch the hunt for a cure. He also talks about the incoming green energy revolution, and why he feels technology will save the world - but warns about the dangers of AI like ChatGPT.

This World: Will a cure for cancer come from India?

Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee claims that a breakthrough new method of cell therapy can cure certain types of cancer once thought untreatable. He takes Vikram Chandra through how this new cure works, and what are the chances it’ll become a new miracle for those affected by the deadly disease.

This World: Could a new cell therapy method bring a cure for cancer?

Gardening is a wonderful, calming hobby to incorporate into our Spring-time routine. But, did you know that it can also help reduce cancer risk?

Gardening helps reduce cancer risk: Study

Israeli scientists believe they’ve discovered a way to prevent cancerous cells from entering blood and moving around the body causing secondary tumours. The team of researchers at Bar Ilan University in Tel Aviv have published their peer-reviewed study, which suggests a 90% effectiveness in mice. WION’s Jodie Cohen explains.

Potential breakthrough in preventing secondary cancers?

<p>Over the past three decades (circa 1991-2023), the death rate from cancer in the US has declined by a startling 30 per cent. This amounts to about 3.8 million lives saved since 1991, according to research that was published in <a href="https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21763"><em>CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians</em></a>. Even better, the studies show that the death rate from cancer decreased from 2019 to 2020 by 1.5 per cent, which contrasts sharply with other major illnesses.</p>

<p>Researchers have shown that cancer is not only a major issue affecting worldwide health but also the second-worst killer in the US, after heart disease. COVID-19 takes the third spot.</p>

<h2><strong>Decline in cancer cases: What exactly happened?</strong></h2>

<p>Over the course of the three decades (circa 1991-2023), researchers estimated that 2.6 million deaths in men and 1.2 million in women from cancer were averted. Men saw a 2.6 per cent&nbsp;annual decline in lung cancer incidence from 2015 to 2019 compared to women's 1.1 per cent&nbsp;yearly decline.</p>

<p>Young women's (20–24-year-olds) risk of developing cervical cancer has dramatically decreased, falling by 11.4 per cent between 2012 and 2019 and by a staggering 65 per cent&nbsp;overall within the same time frame.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-the-chocolaty-secret-to-chocolates-sweetness-552453">Scientists find the chocolaty secret to chocolate's sweetness</a></p>

<p>Additionally, death rates for kidney cancer, melanoma, and leukemia decreased by two&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;year from 2016 to 2020.</p>

<h2><strong>How did the decline in cancer cases take place?</strong></h2>

<p>The study found that the death rate has dropped over the previous three decades as a result of a dip in smoking and advancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment.</p>

<p>The American Cancer Society's CEO, Karen Knudsen, told CNN that the drop in cancer mortality is "truly formidable."</p>

<p>“New revelations for prevention, for early detection, and for treatment have resulted in true, meaningful gains in many of the 200 diseases that we call cancer,” Knudsen added.</p>

<p>The first vaccination against the two strains of the human papillomavirus, according to researchers, is to credit for the drop in cervical cancer cases (which cause 70 per cent of such cancers).</p>

<p>The vaccination was originally permitted for use in females between the ages of 9 and 26 in 2006 by the US Food and Drug Administration, as per researchers.</p>

<p>“This totally follows the time when HPV vaccines were put into use,” Dr William Dahut, the society’s chief scientific officer, told&nbsp;CNN<em>.</em></p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-a-first-scientists-use-artificial-dna-to-kill-cancer-cells-heres-what-you-need-to-know-547276">Explained: In a first, scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know</a></p>

<p>The report&nbsp;also stated that the first group who received these strains' immunisations are currently in their 20s.</p>

<p>Conclusively,&nbsp;these findings point to sharp future declines in HPV malignancies, the majority of which affect women.</p>

<p>“There are other cancers that are HPV-related – whether that’s head and neck cancers or anal cancers – so there’s optimism this will have importance beyond this,” Dahut added.</p>

<h2><strong>Some cancers are on the rise</strong></h2>

<p>The latest research points out that occurrences of breast, uterine, and prostate cancer have been "of concern" and growing in the US, despite the fact that the overall cancer mortality rate has been steadily declining.</p>

<p>Cancer among adults under 50 may be on the rise globally. The research states that since the middle of the 2000s, the incidence rates of breast cancer in women have been rising by roughly 0.5 per cent&nbsp;per year.</p>

<p>Incidence of uterine corpus cancer has increased around one per cent year since the mid-2000s among women 50 and older and roughly two&nbsp;per cent annually since at least the mid-1990s among younger women.</p>

<p>After two decades of reduction, the incidence rate of prostate cancer increased by three per cent&nbsp;year from 2014 to 2019.</p>

<h2><strong>What did the White House say?</strong></h2>

<p>White House Cancer Moonshot Coordinator Dr&nbsp;Danielle Carnival stated in a statement issued on Thursday that the latest study "shows great progress."</p>

<p>President Biden renewed the White House's "Cancer Moonshot" project last year, pledging the country to aim toward cutting the death rate from cancer by at least 50 per cent over the following 25 years.</p>

<p>“The report showing the US&nbsp;has cut cancer deaths by one-third over the last 30 years is great progress, which we’ve achieved through driving smoking rates down, improving early detection, and delivering better treatments for many cancers. It means millions of American families have been spared the immeasurable loss of a loved one,” Carnival said in a&nbsp;statement quoted by <em>CNN</em>.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“The report also underscores that there’s more work to do to save more lives,” she said. “President Biden’s vision for ending cancer as we know it is building on the progress we’ve made with an all-hands-on-deck effort to develop new ways to prevent, detect, and treat cancer – and ensure that the tools we have and those we develop along the way reach all Americans.”</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

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Over the past three decades (circa 1991-2023), the death rate from cancer in the US has declined by a startling 30 per cent. This amounts to about 3.8 million lives saved since 1991, according to research that was published in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians.

Over the past three decades (circa 1991-2023), the death rate from cancer in the US has declined by a startling 30 per cent. This amounts to about 3.8 million lives saved since 1991, according to research that was published in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. Even better, the studies show that the death rate from cancer decreased from 2019 to 2020 by 1.5 per cent, which contrasts sharply with other major illnesses. Researchers have shown that cancer is not only a major issue affecting worldwide health but also the second-worst killer in the US, after heart disease. COVID-19 takes the third spot. Decline in cancer cases: What exactly happened? Over the course of the three decades (circa 1991-2023), researchers estimated that 2.6 million deaths in men and 1.2 million in women from cancer were averted. Men saw a 2.6 per cent annual decline in lung cancer incidence from 2015 to 2019 compared to women's 1.1 per cent yearly decline. Young women's (20–24-year-olds) risk of developing cervical cancer has dramatically decreased, falling by 11.4 per cent between 2012 and 2019 and by a staggering 65 per cent overall within the same time frame. Also read | Scientists find the chocolaty secret to chocolate's sweetness Additionally, death rates for kidney cancer, melanoma, and leukemia decreased by two per cent year from 2016 to 2020. How did the decline in cancer cases take place? The study found that the death rate has dropped over the previous three decades as a result of a dip in smoking and advancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment. The American Cancer Society's CEO, Karen Knudsen, told CNN that the drop in cancer mortality is "truly formidable." “New revelations for prevention, for early detection, and for treatment have resulted in true, meaningful gains in many of the 200 diseases that we call cancer,” Knudsen added. The first vaccination against the two strains of the human papillomavirus, according to researchers, is to credit for the drop in cervical cancer cases (which cause 70 per cent of such cancers). The vaccination was originally permitted for use in females between the ages of 9 and 26 in 2006 by the US Food and Drug Administration, as per researchers. “This totally follows the time when HPV vaccines were put into use,” Dr William Dahut, the society’s chief scientific officer, told CNN. Also read | Explained: In a first, scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know The report also stated that the first group who received these strains' immunisations are currently in their 20s. Conclusively, these findings point to sharp future declines in HPV malignancies, the majority of which affect women. “There are other cancers that are HPV-related – whether that’s head and neck cancers or anal cancers – so there’s optimism this will have importance beyond this,” Dahut added. Some cancers are on the rise The latest research points out that occurrences of breast, uterine, and prostate cancer have been "of concern" and growing in the US, despite the fact that the overall cancer mortality rate has been steadily declining. Cancer among adults under 50 may be on the rise globally. The research states that since the middle of the 2000s, the incidence rates of breast cancer in women have been rising by roughly 0.5 per cent per year. Incidence of uterine corpus cancer has increased around one per cent year since the mid-2000s among women 50 and older and roughly two per cent annually since at least the mid-1990s among younger women. After two decades of reduction, the incidence rate of prostate cancer increased by three per cent year from 2014 to 2019. What did the White House say? White House Cancer Moonshot Coordinator Dr Danielle Carnival stated in a statement issued on Thursday that the latest study "shows great progress." President Biden renewed the White House's "Cancer Moonshot" project last year, pledging the country to aim toward cutting the death rate from cancer by at least 50 per cent over the following 25 years. “The report showing the US has cut cancer deaths by one-third over the last 30 years is great progress, which we’ve achieved through driving smoking rates down, improving early detection, and delivering better treatments for many cancers. It means millions of American families have been spared the immeasurable loss of a loved one,” Carnival said in a statement quoted by CNN. “The report also underscores that there’s more work to do to save more lives,” she said. “President Biden’s vision for ending cancer as we know it is building on the progress we’ve made with an all-hands-on-deck effort to develop new ways to prevent, detect, and treat cancer – and ensure that the tools we have and those we develop along the way reach all Americans.” (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Explained: How did US cancer rates drop by 33% since 1991?

Official US documents have disclosed that a popular anti-stroke medicine may have used fictitious data while concealing research on its fatal effects. In 2009, the acclaimed British medical journal, The Lancet, published a prime story on rivaroxaban, a blood thinner medicine, which showed that the treatment was safe and efficient. But recently, the same journal warned of defaults in the trial data and claimed to initiate an investigation over it.

Lancet opens probe into ‘unreliable’ anti-stroke medicine

<p>Air quality index (AQI) in India's capital city has plummeted again, and Delhi has returned to breathing polluted air. Meanwhile, there has been a spike in the cancer-causing pollutant PM 2.5. It penetrates the lungs and causes chronic respiratory illness.&nbsp;The PM 2.5 level in Delhi's air is nearly 100 times above the safe limit, as per World Health Organisation.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;</strong><a href="www.wionews.com/trending/air-india-passenger-accused-of-urinating-on-woman-co-flyer-sent-to-judicial-custody-for-14-days-550288">Air India passenger accused of urinating on woman co-flyer sent to judicial custody for 14-days</a></p>

<p>Despite the measures taken by Delhi authorities to monitor pollution levels in India's capital city, the air quality remains shoddy. As per predictions, the air quality is likely to worsen in Delhi, due to which authorities have set more restrictions.<br />
<br />
The officials at the Met office in Delhi said the double whammy of a poor air quality and ongoing severe cold wave will only add to the woes and Delhi's air quality will hover in the 'very poor' category&nbsp;over the next three to four days.</p>

<p>As per the Centre's air quality panel, CAQM, the air quality in the dark red zones of Delhi will plunge in the upcoming days. Moreover, dense fog, calm winds, and low temperatures will accompany inferior air quality.&nbsp;</p>

<p>CAQM has banned coal's industrial usage and has asked them to swap it for cleaner fuel. But people frequently use fuels like biomass and metallurgical coke in India's capital city.</p>

<p><strong>Watch |&nbsp;China: Covid-19 cases on the rise, WHO urges to share real-time data</strong></p>

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<p>Due to the deteriorating air quality in Delhi, people are also questioning CAQM's Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP). On January 4, CAQM relaxed tight restrictions quoting the predictions by the Indian Meteorological Department and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology.</p>

<p>Although the ban on coal is effective, the administration must look into a regional clean-up of Delhi, reports say. Such measures will help the industries benefit from their switch to natural gas.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE</strong></p>

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Air quality index (AQI) in India's capital city has plummeted again, and Delhi has returned to breathing polluted air. Meanwhile, there has been a spike in the cancer-causing pollutant PM 2.

Air quality index (AQI) in India's capital city has plummeted again, and Delhi has returned to breathing polluted air. Meanwhile, there has been a spike in the cancer-causing pollutant PM 2.5. It penetrates the lungs and causes chronic respiratory illness. The PM 2.5 level in Delhi's air is nearly 100 times above the safe limit, as per World Health Organisation. Also Read | Air India passenger accused of urinating on woman co-flyer sent to judicial custody for 14-days Despite the measures taken by Delhi authorities to monitor pollution levels in India's capital city, the air quality remains shoddy. As per predictions, the air quality is likely to worsen in Delhi, due to which authorities have set more restrictions. The officials at the Met office in Delhi said the double whammy of a poor air quality and ongoing severe cold wave will only add to the woes and Delhi's air quality will hover in the 'very poor' category over the next three to four days. As per the Centre's air quality panel, CAQM, the air quality in the dark red zones of Delhi will plunge in the upcoming days. Moreover, dense fog, calm winds, and low temperatures will accompany inferior air quality. CAQM has banned coal's industrial usage and has asked them to swap it for cleaner fuel. But people frequently use fuels like biomass and metallurgical coke in India's capital city. Watch | China: Covid-19 cases on the rise, WHO urges to share real-time data Due to the deteriorating air quality in Delhi, people are also questioning CAQM's Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP). On January 4, CAQM relaxed tight restrictions quoting the predictions by the Indian Meteorological Department and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology. Although the ban on coal is effective, the administration must look into a regional clean-up of Delhi, reports say. Such measures will help the industries benefit from their switch to natural gas. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Air quality in India's capital city Delhi plunges, spike in lung cancer-causing pollutants

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