<p>NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance.<br />
<br />
The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet.<br />
<br />
When the image of the thick white inner band on the rings of Saturn was looked at carefully, shadowy appearances were seen which looked like dirty fingerprints.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-finds-energy-source-and-molecule-at-saturns-moon-enceladus-670221">NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus</a></p>

<p>These were said to be mysterious ring spokes around Saturn, nearly the size of Earth, which appeared to rotate along with the rings. However, scientists still need to discover what they are.</p>

<h2><strong>Spokes appear only in two or three rotations</strong></h2>

<p>The spokes remain visible only in two or three rotations around the planet after which they disappear. This means that capturing them has been a difficult task historically.<br />
<br />
Scientists had first spotted them in 1981 by Voyager 2 and it was again seen numerous times in the Cassini mission, which was orbiting around the planet from 2004 to 2017.<br />
<br />
Currently, Hubble has been observing this unusual feature under the Outer Planets Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) programme which keeps on monitoring the weather on the gas giants of the solar system.<br />
<br />
"The leading theory is that spokes are tied to Saturn's powerful magnetic field, with some sort of solar interaction with the magnetic field that gives you the spokes," said OPAL program lead scientist Amy Simon of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, in a statement.<br />
<br />
In the past images captured by the Hubble telescope, the spokes appeared seasonally and each season lasted for nearly seven years on Saturn.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Discovery of six-planet solar system amazes astronomers&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p>"We are heading towards Saturn equinox, when we'd expect maximum spoke activity, with higher frequency and darker spokes appearing over the next few years," Simon said.<br />
<br />
This is because the tilt of Saturn at the equinox orients the planet as well as its rings in a way that solar winds are able to collide with the magnetic field of the planet more forcefully, which results in more pronounced spokes.<br />
<br />
Scientists have been hoping that continued observation of Saturn and its rings by the Hubble telescope will help in understanding the mystery of the spokes.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance. The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning image of Saturn which had an analogue-esque glow and slightly grainy appearance. The image was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope on October 22, 2023, which exposed a very interesting detail of the planet. When the image of the thick white inner band on the rings of Saturn was looked at carefully, shadowy appearances were seen which looked like dirty fingerprints. Also read: NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus These were said to be mysterious ring spokes around Saturn, nearly the size of Earth, which appeared to rotate along with the rings. However, scientists still need to discover what they are. Spokes appear only in two or three rotations The spokes remain visible only in two or three rotations around the planet after which they disappear. This means that capturing them has been a difficult task historically. Scientists had first spotted them in 1981 by Voyager 2 and it was again seen numerous times in the Cassini mission, which was orbiting around the planet from 2004 to 2017. Currently, Hubble has been observing this unusual feature under the Outer Planets Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) programme which keeps on monitoring the weather on the gas giants of the solar system. "The leading theory is that spokes are tied to Saturn's powerful magnetic field, with some sort of solar interaction with the magnetic field that gives you the spokes," said OPAL program lead scientist Amy Simon of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, in a statement. In the past images captured by the Hubble telescope, the spokes appeared seasonally and each season lasted for nearly seven years on Saturn. Watch: Discovery of six-planet solar system amazes astronomers "We are heading towards Saturn equinox, when we'd expect maximum spoke activity, with higher frequency and darker spokes appearing over the next few years," Simon said. This is because the tilt of Saturn at the equinox orients the planet as well as its rings in a way that solar winds are able to collide with the magnetic field of the planet more forcefully, which results in more pronounced spokes. Scientists have been hoping that continued observation of Saturn and its rings by the Hubble telescope will help in understanding the mystery of the spokes. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Hubble telescope captures mysterious spokes on rings of Saturn

International astronauts will be landing on the surface of the Moon as part of NASA's Artemis program. Vice President Kamala Harris announced this at the National Space Council meeting in Washington.

NASA to take international astronauts to Lunar Space

An international astronaut will be landing on the surface of the Moon as part of NASA's Artemis program. Vice President Kamala Harris announced this at the National Space Council meeting in Washington.

NASA's Artemis mission to take an international astronaut to Lunar Space

<p>NASA&nbsp;may look like a space agency that just keeps its lenses pointed at the sky to click pictures of distant galaxies. But the agency keeps on testing and developing new engines and space vehicles. And it&nbsp;successfully tested a 3D-printed engine&nbsp;on Wednesday (Dec 20). The innovation system of propulsion is called the Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (RDRE).</p>

<p>'In fall 2023' as NASA put it, the RDRE was tested at the agency's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The engine successfully completed a 251-second 'hot fire test,' said NASA. The engine generated more than 5800 pounds of thrust.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space</strong></p>

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<p>Such a sustained rocket burn is similar to one required for touchdown of a lander or even for a deep-space burn which would send a rocket say, from the Moon to Mars, according to Thomas Teasley, Marshall combustion devices engineer as quoted by NASA. Teasley is head of RDRE test effort at the center.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>A 'huge leap'</strong></h2>

<p>“The RDRE enables a huge leap in design efficiency,” he said. “It demonstrates we are closer to making lightweight propulsion systems that will allow us to send more mass and payload further into deep space, a critical component to NASA’s Moon to Mars vision.”</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hubbles-spectacular-capture-shows-distant-spiral-galaxy-with-forbidden-light-671530">Celestial masterpiece: Forbidden light of distant spiral galaxy captured by Hubble</a></strong></p>

<p>The first hot fire test of the RDRE was carried out at the center in summer of 2022. For this, NASA teamed up with In Space LLC and Purdue University. In this test produced more than 4000 pounds of thrust for almost a minute.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/its-beginning-to-look-a-lot-like-cosmos-nasa-releases-breathtaking-image-of-a-cosmic-christmas-tree-671532">Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA</a></strong></p>

<p>Teasly said that theh primary aim of the latest test was to gain better understanding about how to scale the combustor for different thrust classes, 'supporting engine systems of all types and maximizing the variety of missions it could serve.' These missions could include use of machinery from landers to upper stage engines to supersonic retropropulsion.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA may look like a space agency that just keeps its lenses pointed at the sky to click pictures of distant galaxies. But the agency keeps on testing and developing new engines and space vehicles.

NASA may look like a space agency that just keeps its lenses pointed at the sky to click pictures of distant galaxies. But the agency keeps on testing and developing new engines and space vehicles. And it successfully tested a 3D-printed engine on Wednesday (Dec 20). The innovation system of propulsion is called the Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (RDRE). 'In fall 2023' as NASA put it, the RDRE was tested at the agency's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. The engine successfully completed a 251-second 'hot fire test,' said NASA. The engine generated more than 5800 pounds of thrust. Watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space × Such a sustained rocket burn is similar to one required for touchdown of a lander or even for a deep-space burn which would send a rocket say, from the Moon to Mars, according to Thomas Teasley, Marshall combustion devices engineer as quoted by NASA. Teasley is head of RDRE test effort at the center. A 'huge leap' “The RDRE enables a huge leap in design efficiency,” he said. “It demonstrates we are closer to making lightweight propulsion systems that will allow us to send more mass and payload further into deep space, a critical component to NASA’s Moon to Mars vision.” Also Read | Celestial masterpiece: Forbidden light of distant spiral galaxy captured by Hubble The first hot fire test of the RDRE was carried out at the center in summer of 2022. For this, NASA teamed up with In Space LLC and Purdue University. In this test produced more than 4000 pounds of thrust for almost a minute. Also Read | Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA Teasly said that theh primary aim of the latest test was to gain better understanding about how to scale the combustor for different thrust classes, 'supporting engine systems of all types and maximizing the variety of missions it could serve.' These missions could include use of machinery from landers to upper stage engines to supersonic retropropulsion. (With inputs from agencies)

'Huge Leap': NASA successfully tests 3D-printed rocket engine

<p>Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.</p>

<p>Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018.</p>

<h2><strong>In-depth analysis of Ryugu</strong></h2>

<p>Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths.</p>

<p>The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/christmas-constellation-nasa-hubble-telescope-clicks-galaxy-that-appears-in-festive-mood-672132">Also read |&nbsp;Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood</a></p>

<p>Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h).</p>

<p>Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's.</p>

<p>Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage.</p>

<p>The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance.</p>

<p>Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-streams-an-ultra-high-definition-video-of-a-cat-back-to-earth-from-deep-space-671832/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth. Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018. In-depth analysis of Ryugu Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths. The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth. Also read | Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h). Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's. Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage. The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance. Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats. Also watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan's Jaxaspace agency tests spacecraft to deflect potential earth-colliding asteroid

<p>Christmas is just a few&nbsp;days away and the colour red has already started making its presence felt everywhere. The merry-making will soon start and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope couldn't have chosen a better time to click a galaxy that looks like a&nbsp;part of a Christmas tree adorned with red-coloured decorations.</p>

<p>If you are tempted to name this&nbsp;galaxy something along the lines of 'Christmas constellation', then wait a bit (though it can be a good name). The galaxy has been designated as UGC 8091. The image has been taken by NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).</p>

<p>It is a dwarf galaxy that contains 1 billion stars. The image shows red and blue coloured stars with two predominantly visible red blobs.</p>

<p>One billion stars may sound a lot, but our Milky Way Galaxy has about 100 times more stars.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space</strong></p>

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<p>UGC 8091 is 7 million light-years away from us in the constellation Virgo. We may imagine galaxies to always have the beautiful spiral form like our Milky Way Galaxy. However, only mature galaxies can normally look like this.</p>

<p>Dwarf galaxies, like UGC 8091, are yet mature. This means that they are still in process of merging with other galaxies and fully unveil their cosmic tapestry. When Milky Way Galaxy was maturing, it merged with other galaxies as well before taking the spectacular form that it has today.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/its-beginning-to-look-a-lot-like-cosmos-nasa-releases-breathtaking-image-of-a-cosmic-christmas-tree-671532">Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA</a></strong></p>

<p>And the tale does not end here. Milky Way Galaxy will merge will Andromeda Galaxy billions of years from now. This would make it lose its spiral form and two galaxies will merge to form a third mega galaxy which will not be a spiral one.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hubbles-spectacular-capture-shows-distant-spiral-galaxy-with-forbidden-light-671530">Celestial masterpiece: Forbidden light of distant spiral galaxy captured by Hubble</a></strong></p>

<p>UGC 8091 is on a similar journey but a little behind the Milky Way Galaxy. We can only make predictive guesses as to what path UGC 8091 will take. It may take millions of years for it to change its form. But for now, its sitting pretty in the night sky, unravelling its splendid colours for telescopes as powerful as Hubble.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Christmas is just a few days away and the colour red has already started making its presence felt everywhere. The merry-making will soon start and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope couldn't have chosen a better time to click a galaxy that looks like a part of a Christmas tree adorned with red-coloured decorations.

Christmas is just a few days away and the colour red has already started making its presence felt everywhere. The merry-making will soon start and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope couldn't have chosen a better time to click a galaxy that looks like a part of a Christmas tree adorned with red-coloured decorations. If you are tempted to name this galaxy something along the lines of 'Christmas constellation', then wait a bit (though it can be a good name). The galaxy has been designated as UGC 8091. The image has been taken by NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA). It is a dwarf galaxy that contains 1 billion stars. The image shows red and blue coloured stars with two predominantly visible red blobs. One billion stars may sound a lot, but our Milky Way Galaxy has about 100 times more stars. Watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space × UGC 8091 is 7 million light-years away from us in the constellation Virgo. We may imagine galaxies to always have the beautiful spiral form like our Milky Way Galaxy. However, only mature galaxies can normally look like this. Dwarf galaxies, like UGC 8091, are yet mature. This means that they are still in process of merging with other galaxies and fully unveil their cosmic tapestry. When Milky Way Galaxy was maturing, it merged with other galaxies as well before taking the spectacular form that it has today. Also Read | Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA And the tale does not end here. Milky Way Galaxy will merge will Andromeda Galaxy billions of years from now. This would make it lose its spiral form and two galaxies will merge to form a third mega galaxy which will not be a spiral one. Also Read | Celestial masterpiece: Forbidden light of distant spiral galaxy captured by Hubble UGC 8091 is on a similar journey but a little behind the Milky Way Galaxy. We can only make predictive guesses as to what path UGC 8091 will take. It may take millions of years for it to change its form. But for now, its sitting pretty in the night sky, unravelling its splendid colours for telescopes as powerful as Hubble. (With inputs from agencies)

Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood

<p>China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch. They have now revealed that the Chinese spacecraft allegedly released six unidentified objects into Earth's orbit. What for? Here's all you need to know.</p>

<h2><strong>What are these 'Mysterious wingmen'?</strong></h2>

<p>As per amateur, spacecraft trackers that have been tracking these mystery objects — designated OBJECT A, B, C, D, E, and F — are emitting emissions.</p>

<p>Scott Tilley, an amateur astronomer known for his satellite tracking expertise, has been closely monitoring these objects.</p>

<p>On X, Tilley referred to the objects as "mysterious wingmen".&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-madhya-pradesh-familys-kuldevta-turns-out-to-be-dinosaur-egg-671119">India: Madhya Pradesh family's sacred totem 'kuldevta' turns out to be dinosaur egg</a></strong></p>

<p>Speaking to Space.com, he&nbsp;said: "OBJECT A's or nearby emission is reminiscent of earlier Chinese space plane 'wingman' emissions in the sense the signal is modulated with a limited amount of data."</p>

<p>"There is speculation that the emission from OBJECT A may be from an object close to it, but this is speculation, not based on any evidence I'm aware of."</p>

<p>"It should be noted that unlike emissions early in the Chinese space plane missions 1 and 2, these emissions are very intermittent and do not stay on long," he said.</p>

<p>"It's taken days of observations, tracking pass after pass with dish antennas, to come up with this data."</p>

<p>As per Space.com, Tilley and fellow trackers are confident that the emissions originate from the objects or proximity.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-two-months-in-nasa-is-still-trying-to-open-its-sample-container-from-asteroid-bennu-670880">Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu</a></strong></p>

<p>They've based this observation on the objects' expected paths, the absence of other known objects during data collection, and the unique modulation that, as per Tilley, has "only been seen from previous Chinese space plane missions using [a frequency of] 2280MHz."</p>

<p>"In summary, this iteration of the Chinese space plane mission launched into a similar orbit as the last two, but operationally it is exhibiting different radio behaviour than before. The additional observations of the emissions from OBJECT D and E is new, but could also have been missed on earlier missions if they too were intermittent," said Tilley.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Something we should watch for is close encounters between OBJECT A and Objects D and E. D and E are in fairly elliptical orbits, while A is in a near-circular orbit. In the next couple of days there will be close approaches between these objects at perigee," he added.</p>

<h2><strong>China's mysterious packages in space</strong></h2>

<p>China's space plane, as per the report, exhibited similar behaviour in its prior missions — launched in September 2020 and August 2022, releasing unknown objects into orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Earlier, speculation ranged from service modules to small satellites for monitoring the space plane.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission. Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch.

China's enigmatic reusable space plane, Shenlong aka the "Divine Dragon", has added another layer of mystery just four days into its third mission. Amateur observers worldwide have been diligently tracking the spacecraft since its launch. They have now revealed that the Chinese spacecraft allegedly released six unidentified objects into Earth's orbit. What for? Here's all you need to know. What are these 'Mysterious wingmen'? As per amateur, spacecraft trackers that have been tracking these mystery objects — designated OBJECT A, B, C, D, E, and F — are emitting emissions. Scott Tilley, an amateur astronomer known for his satellite tracking expertise, has been closely monitoring these objects. On X, Tilley referred to the objects as "mysterious wingmen". Also read | India: Madhya Pradesh family's sacred totem 'kuldevta' turns out to be dinosaur egg Speaking to Space.com, he said: "OBJECT A's or nearby emission is reminiscent of earlier Chinese space plane 'wingman' emissions in the sense the signal is modulated with a limited amount of data." "There is speculation that the emission from OBJECT A may be from an object close to it, but this is speculation, not based on any evidence I'm aware of." "It should be noted that unlike emissions early in the Chinese space plane missions 1 and 2, these emissions are very intermittent and do not stay on long," he said. "It's taken days of observations, tracking pass after pass with dish antennas, to come up with this data." As per Space.com, Tilley and fellow trackers are confident that the emissions originate from the objects or proximity. Also read | Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu They've based this observation on the objects' expected paths, the absence of other known objects during data collection, and the unique modulation that, as per Tilley, has "only been seen from previous Chinese space plane missions using [a frequency of] 2280MHz." "In summary, this iteration of the Chinese space plane mission launched into a similar orbit as the last two, but operationally it is exhibiting different radio behaviour than before. The additional observations of the emissions from OBJECT D and E is new, but could also have been missed on earlier missions if they too were intermittent," said Tilley. "Something we should watch for is close encounters between OBJECT A and Objects D and E. D and E are in fairly elliptical orbits, while A is in a near-circular orbit. In the next couple of days there will be close approaches between these objects at perigee," he added. China's mysterious packages in space China's space plane, as per the report, exhibited similar behaviour in its prior missions — launched in September 2020 and August 2022, releasing unknown objects into orbit. Earlier, speculation ranged from service modules to small satellites for monitoring the space plane. (With inputs from agencies)

Chinese space plane deployed 6 mysterious 'wingmen' in Earth's orbit: Reports

NASA streamed an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space. The 15-second video shows Taters the cat chasing a laser beam. Watch this video for all details.

NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space

<p>As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree.</p>

<p>The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster".</p>

<h2><strong>A cosmic tree</strong></h2>

<p>Released just days before Christmas, the new composite image resembles a Christmas tree, but this is a result of "choices of colour and rotation."</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hubbles-spectacular-capture-shows-distant-spiral-galaxy-with-forbidden-light-671530">Hubble's spectacular capture shows distant spiral galaxy with 'forbidden' light</a></strong></p>

<p>"It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos," wrote NASA on X, formerly Twitter.</p>

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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p dir="ltr" lang="en">It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos. 🎶<br />
<br />
Our <a href="https://twitter.com/chandraxray?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@ChandraXray</a> Observatory recently spotted the blue-and-white lights that decorate the "Christmas Tree Cluster," a swarm of stars and gas some 2,500 light-years from Earth: <a href="https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77">https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77</a> <a href="https://t.co/HrnrmxRyd7">pic.twitter.com/HrnrmxRyd7</a></p>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1737176016622125352?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 19, 2023</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
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<p>There's also an even more festive, Christmas-ey, blinking light version of the image. In it, blinking blue and white lights as per the space agency are "young stars that give off X-rays detected by NASA's Chandra X-ray".</p>

<p><img alt="Blinking lights version " data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8a452696-7fea-4eab-9088-e466f552a7dd" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/New%20wion.gif" /></p>

<p><em><sup><strong>(Image credit: NASA)</strong></sup></em></p>

<p>In the cosmic images, the green colour of the "pine needles" corresponds to gas in the nebula. This was the result of optical data from the National Science Foundation's WIYN 0.9-meter telescope on Kitt Peak. While the twinkling foreground and background stars in white are from infrared data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasa-sends-high-definition-cat-video-from-spaceship-to-earth-covers-31mn-km-671444">Watch: NASA sends high-definition cat video from spaceship to Earth via laser, covering 31mn km</a></strong></p>

<p>"This image has been rotated clockwise by about 160 degrees from the astronomer’s standard of North pointing upward, so that it appears like the top of the tree is toward the top of the image," adds NASA.</p>

<h2><strong>NGC 2264</strong></h2>

<p>The cluster of young stars, NGC 2264, as per NASA, has stars aged between one and five million years, and it is our planet's cosmic neighbour — located in our Milky Way galaxy, just about 2,500 light years away from Earth.</p>

<p>NGC 2264's stars, as per the space agency, vary in size. Some are smaller than our star: the Sun, others are larger. Their sizes range from less than a tenth the mass of the Sun to some as big as seven times the solar mass.</p>


As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree. The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster".

As Christmas approaches, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has released an image of a space Christmas tree. The image is of NGC 2264, a cluster of young stars, which is also known as the "Christmas Tree Cluster". A cosmic tree Released just days before Christmas, the new composite image resembles a Christmas tree, but this is a result of "choices of colour and rotation." Also read | Hubble's spectacular capture shows distant spiral galaxy with 'forbidden' light "It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos," wrote NASA on X, formerly Twitter. It's beginning to look a lot like cosmos. 🎶 Our @ChandraXray Observatory recently spotted the blue-and-white lights that decorate the "Christmas Tree Cluster," a swarm of stars and gas some 2,500 light-years from Earth: https://t.co/VT2WaLgp77 pic.twitter.com/HrnrmxRyd7 — NASA (@NASA) December 19, 2023 × There's also an even more festive, Christmas-ey, blinking light version of the image. In it, blinking blue and white lights as per the space agency are "young stars that give off X-rays detected by NASA's Chandra X-ray". (Image credit: NASA) In the cosmic images, the green colour of the "pine needles" corresponds to gas in the nebula. This was the result of optical data from the National Science Foundation's WIYN 0.9-meter telescope on Kitt Peak. While the twinkling foreground and background stars in white are from infrared data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey. Also read | Watch: NASA sends high-definition cat video from spaceship to Earth via laser, covering 31mn km "This image has been rotated clockwise by about 160 degrees from the astronomer’s standard of North pointing upward, so that it appears like the top of the tree is toward the top of the image," adds NASA. NGC 2264 The cluster of young stars, NGC 2264, as per NASA, has stars aged between one and five million years, and it is our planet's cosmic neighbour — located in our Milky Way galaxy, just about 2,500 light years away from Earth. NGC 2264's stars, as per the space agency, vary in size. Some are smaller than our star: the Sun, others are larger. Their sizes range from less than a tenth the mass of the Sun to some as big as seven times the solar mass.

Cosmic Christmas tree stuns ahead of holidays in new image shared by NASA

<p>NASA on Monday (Nov 18) said that they made use of a state-of-the-art laser communication system&nbsp;to send a high-definition cat video from a spaceship to the Earth, covering a distance of 31 million kilometres.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The 15-second video features an orange tabby named Taters. This is the video which has been streamed from deep space and this shows that it is possible to transmit the higher-data-rate communications which is required for supporting complex missions like sending humans to Mars.</p>

<p>The video was sent to Earth by using a laser transceiver which was available on the Psyche probe. The probe has been moving in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter to explore a mysterious metal-rich object. &nbsp;</p>

<p>When the video was sent, the spaceship was 80 times the distance between the Moon and the Earth.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasa-releases-footage-of-tomatoes-lost-in-space-for-eight-months-670397">NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months</a></p>

<p>The Hale Telescope kept at Caltech's Palomar Observatory in San Diego County received the encoded near-infrared signal which was then sent to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">We just streamed the first ultra-HD video brought to you via laser from deep space. And it’s a video of Taters, a tabby cat.<br />
<br />
This test will pave the way for high-data-rate communications in support of the next giant leap: sending humans to Mars. <a href="https://t.co/tf2hWxaHWO">https://t.co/tf2hWxaHWO</a> <a href="https://t.co/c1FwybYsxA">pic.twitter.com/c1FwybYsxA</a></p>
— NASA (@NASA) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1736900843813605759?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 19, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>The tech demo's project manager at JPL Bill Klipstein said, "One of the goals is to demonstrate the ability to transmit broadband video across millions of miles. Nothing on Psyche generates video data, so we usually send packets of randomly generated test data."</p>

<p>"But to make this significant event more memorable, we decided to work with designers at JPL to create a fun video, which captures the essence of the demo as part of the Psyche mission," he added.</p>

<p>Traditionally, space missions have relied on radio waves for sending and receiving data, however, working with lasers is likely to increase the data rate by 10 to 100 times.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Video sent in 101 seconds&nbsp;</strong></h2>

<p>It took 101 seconds to send the ultra-HD video to Earth at the maximum bit rate of 267 megabits per second in the system, which is faster than home broadband connections.</p>

<p>Project's receiver electronics lead at JPL Ryan Rogalin said, "In fact, after receiving the video at Palomar, it was sent to JPL over the internet, and that connection was slower than the signal coming from deep space."&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;NASA uses laser technology to send the first-ever cat footage from deep space</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-uses-laser-technology-to-send-the-first-ever-cat-footage-from-deep-space-671270/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>Explaining why they streamed a cat video, JPL said that there is a historic connection. When the interest of Americans started growing in television in the 1920s, they broadcasted a statue of Felix the Cat as a test image.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also, cats continue to dominate the number-one position in the world of viral internet videos and meme culture.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA on Monday (Nov 18) said that they made use of a state-of-the-art laser communication system to send a high-definition cat video from a spaceship to the Earth, covering a distance of 31 million kilometres.

NASA on Monday (Nov 18) said that they made use of a state-of-the-art laser communication system to send a high-definition cat video from a spaceship to the Earth, covering a distance of 31 million kilometres. The 15-second video features an orange tabby named Taters. This is the video which has been streamed from deep space and this shows that it is possible to transmit the higher-data-rate communications which is required for supporting complex missions like sending humans to Mars. The video was sent to Earth by using a laser transceiver which was available on the Psyche probe. The probe has been moving in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter to explore a mysterious metal-rich object. When the video was sent, the spaceship was 80 times the distance between the Moon and the Earth. Also read: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months The Hale Telescope kept at Caltech's Palomar Observatory in San Diego County received the encoded near-infrared signal which was then sent to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. We just streamed the first ultra-HD video brought to you via laser from deep space. And it’s a video of Taters, a tabby cat. This test will pave the way for high-data-rate communications in support of the next giant leap: sending humans to Mars. https://t.co/tf2hWxaHWO pic.twitter.com/c1FwybYsxA — NASA (@NASA) December 19, 2023 × The tech demo's project manager at JPL Bill Klipstein said, "One of the goals is to demonstrate the ability to transmit broadband video across millions of miles. Nothing on Psyche generates video data, so we usually send packets of randomly generated test data." "But to make this significant event more memorable, we decided to work with designers at JPL to create a fun video, which captures the essence of the demo as part of the Psyche mission," he added. Traditionally, space missions have relied on radio waves for sending and receiving data, however, working with lasers is likely to increase the data rate by 10 to 100 times. Video sent in 101 seconds It took 101 seconds to send the ultra-HD video to Earth at the maximum bit rate of 267 megabits per second in the system, which is faster than home broadband connections. Project's receiver electronics lead at JPL Ryan Rogalin said, "In fact, after receiving the video at Palomar, it was sent to JPL over the internet, and that connection was slower than the signal coming from deep space." Watch: NASA uses laser technology to send the first-ever cat footage from deep space Explaining why they streamed a cat video, JPL said that there is a historic connection. When the interest of Americans started growing in television in the 1920s, they broadcasted a statue of Felix the Cat as a test image. Also, cats continue to dominate the number-one position in the world of viral internet videos and meme culture. (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: NASA sends high-definition cat video from spaceship to Earth via laser, covering 31mn km

<p><meta name="uuid" content="uuidWGd15FEV4K2l" /><meta charset="utf-8" /></p>

<p>Space is amazing with numerous things still undiscovered. Recently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shared footage of two tomatoes that were lost in space last year after they were harvested on the International Space Station (ISS). "Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," NASA officials wrote in an update on Dec 14.</p>

<p>The officials added that other than some discolouration, the tomatoes had no visible microbial or fungal growth. As astronauts are constantly exploring space, an important aspect is how well are they fed.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasa-releases-footage-of-tomatoes-lost-in-space-for-eight-months-670397">NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months</a></strong></p>

<p>For years, astronauts have received regular shipments of a wide variety of freeze-dried and prepackaged meals to cover their dietary needs. However, when astronauts venture further into space for months or even years, the vitamins in prepackaged form break down over time, which will affect their health, according to NASA. And in such cases, the provision of fresh fruits and vegetables becomes crucial.</p>

<h3><strong>So how does NASA address this requirement? Here's a look at the space agency's Veggie project.</strong></h3>

<h2><strong>What is Veggie?</strong></h2>

<p>According to NASA's website, the <strong><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/exploration-research-and-technology/growing-plants-in-space/">Vegetable Production System</a></strong>, also known as Veggie, is a space garden residing on the ISS. "Veggie’s purpose is to help NASA study plant growth in microgravity while adding fresh food to the astronauts’ diet and enhancing happiness and well-being on the orbiting laboratory," the space agency said.</p>

<p>The garden made by the project is about the size of a carry-on piece of luggage and typically holds six plants. Each plant grows in a “pillow” filled with a clay-based growth media and fertiliser.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-finds-energy-source-and-molecule-at-saturns-moon-enceladus-670221">NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus</a></strong></p>

<p>"The pillows are important to help distribute water, nutrients and air in a healthy balance around the roots. Otherwise, the roots would either drown in water or be engulfed by air because of the way fluids in space tend to form bubbles," as per NASA.</p>

<p>Now due to the absence of gravity in space, plants depend on other environmental factors such as light, to orient and guide growth. Inside the space station, LEDs placed above the plants produce a spectrum of light suited for the plants’ growth. "Since plants reflect a lot of green light and use more red and blue wavelengths, the Veggie chamber typically glows magenta pink," the website said.</p>

<h2><strong>How successful has Veggie been?</strong></h2>

<p>NASA said that to date, the Veggie project has grown a variety of plants, including three types of lettuce, Chinese cabbage, mizuna mustard, red Russian kale, and zinnia flowers. Some of these plants were harvested and eaten by the crew members, with the remaining samples returned to Earth to be analysed.</p>

<p>NASA highlighted that one particular concern was harmful microbes growing on the produce. However, no harmful contamination has been detected so far.</p>

<p>The space agency envisions planting more produce in the future, such as tomatoes and peppers. "Foods like berries, certain beans, and other antioxidant-rich foods would have the added benefit of providing some space radiation protection for crew members who eat them," it said.</p>

<p>Just like Veggie, there is another growth chamber on the ISS for plant research. The chamber, called the Advanced Plant Habitat (APH), uses LED lights and a porous clay substrate with controlled-release fertiliser to deliver water, nutrients, and oxygen to the plant roots.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-preps-for-pace-mission-to-study-factors-that-shape-our-climate-669448">NASA preps for PACE mission to study factors that shape our climate</a></strong></p>

<p>But unlike Veggie, it is enclosed and automated with cameras and more than 180 sensors that are in constant interactive contact with a team on the ground at the Kennedy Space Center.</p>

<p>When a harvest is ready for research, the crew aboard the ISS collects samples from the plants and sends them back to Earth to be studied so scientists can better understand how space affected their growth and development.</p>

<h2><strong>Cultivating peppers in space</strong></h2>

<p>NASA further said that its Plant Habitat-04 (PH-04) experiment cultivated Hatch Chile peppers aboard the ISS. As per the experiment, the astronauts would eat some of the peppers and send the rest back to Earth for analysis.</p>

<p>This plant experiment will be one of the most complex to date on the station because of the long germination and growing times, according to the space agency.</p>

<p>The Hatch Chile pepper is considered a mild heat pepper, with a rating of 2,000-4,000 Scoville Heat Units. The rating can vary based on growing methods and environmental conditions.</p>

<p>Now why should peppers be cultivated in space? NASA has said that peppers contain several key nutrients and are an excellent source of vitamin C. The plants are also robust with a good chance of growing successfully in microgravity.</p>

<p>"They are easy to handle in microgravity and are a pick-and-eat crop that does not require cooking or complex processing. The fruit also has low microbial levels, so they are safe for astronauts to consume," NASA added.</p>

<h2><strong>China&nbsp;growing vegetables aboard Tiangong space station</strong></h2>

<p>China is also preparing itself for deep-space exploration by growing vegetables aboard the&nbsp;Tiangong space station.&nbsp;Shenzhou 16 astronauts, mission commander Jing Haipeng and rookies&nbsp;Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao cultivated&nbsp;veggies using two sets of specialised equipment. Four batches of lettuce have already been produced, while under the&nbsp;second operation,&nbsp;cherry tomatoes and green onions are being grown.</p>


Space is amazing with numerous things still undiscovered. Recently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shared footage of two tomatoes that were lost in space last year after they were harvested on the International Space Station (ISS).

Space is amazing with numerous things still undiscovered. Recently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shared footage of two tomatoes that were lost in space last year after they were harvested on the International Space Station (ISS). "Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," NASA officials wrote in an update on Dec 14. The officials added that other than some discolouration, the tomatoes had no visible microbial or fungal growth. As astronauts are constantly exploring space, an important aspect is how well are they fed. Also read: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months For years, astronauts have received regular shipments of a wide variety of freeze-dried and prepackaged meals to cover their dietary needs. However, when astronauts venture further into space for months or even years, the vitamins in prepackaged form break down over time, which will affect their health, according to NASA. And in such cases, the provision of fresh fruits and vegetables becomes crucial. So how does NASA address this requirement? Here's a look at the space agency's Veggie project. What is Veggie? According to NASA's website, the Vegetable Production System, also known as Veggie, is a space garden residing on the ISS. "Veggie’s purpose is to help NASA study plant growth in microgravity while adding fresh food to the astronauts’ diet and enhancing happiness and well-being on the orbiting laboratory," the space agency said. The garden made by the project is about the size of a carry-on piece of luggage and typically holds six plants. Each plant grows in a “pillow” filled with a clay-based growth media and fertiliser. Also read: NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus "The pillows are important to help distribute water, nutrients and air in a healthy balance around the roots. Otherwise, the roots would either drown in water or be engulfed by air because of the way fluids in space tend to form bubbles," as per NASA. Now due to the absence of gravity in space, plants depend on other environmental factors such as light, to orient and guide growth. Inside the space station, LEDs placed above the plants produce a spectrum of light suited for the plants’ growth. "Since plants reflect a lot of green light and use more red and blue wavelengths, the Veggie chamber typically glows magenta pink," the website said. How successful has Veggie been? NASA said that to date, the Veggie project has grown a variety of plants, including three types of lettuce, Chinese cabbage, mizuna mustard, red Russian kale, and zinnia flowers. Some of these plants were harvested and eaten by the crew members, with the remaining samples returned to Earth to be analysed. NASA highlighted that one particular concern was harmful microbes growing on the produce. However, no harmful contamination has been detected so far. The space agency envisions planting more produce in the future, such as tomatoes and peppers. "Foods like berries, certain beans, and other antioxidant-rich foods would have the added benefit of providing some space radiation protection for crew members who eat them," it said. Just like Veggie, there is another growth chamber on the ISS for plant research. The chamber, called the Advanced Plant Habitat (APH), uses LED lights and a porous clay substrate with controlled-release fertiliser to deliver water, nutrients, and oxygen to the plant roots. Also read: NASA preps for PACE mission to study factors that shape our climate But unlike Veggie, it is enclosed and automated with cameras and more than 180 sensors that are in constant interactive contact with a team on the ground at the Kennedy Space Center. When a harvest is ready for research, the crew aboard the ISS collects samples from the plants and sends them back to Earth to be studied so scientists can better understand how space affected their growth and development. Cultivating peppers in space NASA further said that its Plant Habitat-04 (PH-04) experiment cultivated Hatch Chile peppers aboard the ISS. As per the experiment, the astronauts would eat some of the peppers and send the rest back to Earth for analysis. This plant experiment will be one of the most complex to date on the station because of the long germination and growing times, according to the space agency. The Hatch Chile pepper is considered a mild heat pepper, with a rating of 2,000-4,000 Scoville Heat Units. The rating can vary based on growing methods and environmental conditions. Now why should peppers be cultivated in space? NASA has said that peppers contain several key nutrients and are an excellent source of vitamin C. The plants are also robust with a good chance of growing successfully in microgravity. "They are easy to handle in microgravity and are a pick-and-eat crop that does not require cooking or complex processing. The fruit also has low microbial levels, so they are safe for astronauts to consume," NASA added. China growing vegetables aboard Tiangong space station China is also preparing itself for deep-space exploration by growing vegetables aboard the Tiangong space station. Shenzhou 16 astronauts, mission commander Jing Haipeng and rookies Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao cultivated veggies using two sets of specialised equipment. Four batches of lettuce have already been produced, while under the second operation, cherry tomatoes and green onions are being grown.

Explained | Growing vegetables in space is a big deal, and the lost tomatoes are proof

<p>NASA, on Monday (Dec 18) released new images of Uranus which showed the seventh planet from the sun in more detail than before. The photos captured by the American space agency’s high-powered James Webb Space Telescope show the planet’s glowing rings, moons, storms, and other atmospheric features including a seasonal polar cap.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Detailed new&nbsp;images</strong></h2>

<p>The latest images of the icy planet show multiple inner and outer rings, nine of its 27 known moons and the planet’s seasonal polar cap. Some of the planet’s small moons were also seen within the rings.</p>

<p><img alt="1" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="179ff048-d207-491e-a7a0-3da7f9d400d8" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/WION%20IMAGES%21%20-%202023-12-19T110406.316.png" /></p>

<h5><em><strong>This image of Uranus from NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope exquisitely captures Uranus’&nbsp;seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings. (Photo credit:&nbsp;NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI)</strong></em></h5>

<p>These photos build on a two-colour version released earlier this year and add an “additional wavelength coverage for a more detailed look,” NASA said in a statement.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/in-pics-captivating-galaxy-photos-win-big-at-top-astronomy-photography-contest-637527">A picture of the Andromeda galaxy wins top spot in astronomy photography contest</a></strong></p>

<p>The high-powered Webb telescope was also able to capture Uranus’ dim inner and outer rings, including the Zeta ring which is the closest to the planet. The Zeta ring is extremely faint and is shown in a reddish brown colour in the recent images, while several other rings were captured in a glowing blue colour.&nbsp;</p>

<p><img alt="2" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0d08cf1d-f27d-48ed-82e4-8c4afa255308" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/WION%20IMAGES%21%20-%202023-12-19T110449.699.png" /></p>

<h5><strong><em>This wide-field image of Uranus from NIRCam on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope shows the planet amid a smattering of distant background galaxies. This image also includes 14 of the planet’s 27 moons. (Photo credit:&nbsp;NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI)</em></strong></h5>

<p>“With Webb’s unparalleled infrared resolution and sensitivity, astronomers now see Uranus and its unique features with groundbreaking new clarity. These details, especially of the close-in Zeta ring, will be invaluable to planning any future missions to Uranus,” said NASA in a statement.</p>

<h2><strong>Uranus'&nbsp;seasonal north polar cap</strong></h2>

<p>One of the most striking details in the recent images is the planet’s seasonal north polar cloud cap. Some details of the cap were easier to see in the newer images, including the bright, white, inner cap and the dark lane at the bottom of the polar cap&nbsp;towards the lower latitudes, said the American space agency.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Additionally, several bright storms were also seen near and below the southern border of the polar cap. It is believed that the number of storms, their frequency, and where they appear are affected by a combination of seasonal and meteorological effects.</p>

<p><img alt="3" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="618de54a-e329-491c-9d1c-a150ef98dfd9" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/WION%20IMAGES%21%20-%202023-12-19T110616.612.png" /></p>

<h5><em><strong>This wide-field compass image of Uranus shows&nbsp;some of its 27 moons and a few prominent stars. (Photo credit:&nbsp;NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI)</strong></em></h5>

<p>NASA noted how the “polar cap appears to become more prominent when the planet’s pole begins to point toward the Sun, as it approaches solstice and receives more sunlight.”&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/in-pics-juno-captures-stunning-images-of-jupiter-as-christmas-star-669884">Juno captures stunning images of 'Christmas Star' Jupiter</a></strong></p>

<p>Uranus reaches its next solstice in 2028 and scientists are eager to observe any possible changes in the structure of these features during this time. The seventh planet from the Sun also serves as a proxy to study thousands of those discovered outside of our solar system, or exoplanets.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“This ‘exoplanet in our backyard’ can help astronomers understand how planets of this size work, what their meteorology is like, and how they formed. This can in turn help us understand our own solar system as a whole by placing it in a larger context,” said NASA in a statement.&nbsp;</p>


NASA, on Monday (Dec 18) released new images of Uranus which showed the seventh planet from the sun in more detail than before. The photos captured by the American space agency’s high-powered James Webb Space Telescope show the planet’s glowing rings, moons, storms, and other atmospheric features including a seasonal polar cap.

NASA, on Monday (Dec 18) released new images of Uranus which showed the seventh planet from the sun in more detail than before. The photos captured by the American space agency’s high-powered James Webb Space Telescope show the planet’s glowing rings, moons, storms, and other atmospheric features including a seasonal polar cap. Detailed new images The latest images of the icy planet show multiple inner and outer rings, nine of its 27 known moons and the planet’s seasonal polar cap. Some of the planet’s small moons were also seen within the rings. This image of Uranus from NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope exquisitely captures Uranus’ seasonal north polar cap and dim inner and outer rings. (Photo credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI) These photos build on a two-colour version released earlier this year and add an “additional wavelength coverage for a more detailed look,” NASA said in a statement. ALSO READ | A picture of the Andromeda galaxy wins top spot in astronomy photography contest The high-powered Webb telescope was also able to capture Uranus’ dim inner and outer rings, including the Zeta ring which is the closest to the planet. The Zeta ring is extremely faint and is shown in a reddish brown colour in the recent images, while several other rings were captured in a glowing blue colour. This wide-field image of Uranus from NIRCam on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope shows the planet amid a smattering of distant background galaxies. This image also includes 14 of the planet’s 27 moons. (Photo credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI) “With Webb’s unparalleled infrared resolution and sensitivity, astronomers now see Uranus and its unique features with groundbreaking new clarity. These details, especially of the close-in Zeta ring, will be invaluable to planning any future missions to Uranus,” said NASA in a statement. Uranus' seasonal north polar cap One of the most striking details in the recent images is the planet’s seasonal north polar cloud cap. Some details of the cap were easier to see in the newer images, including the bright, white, inner cap and the dark lane at the bottom of the polar cap towards the lower latitudes, said the American space agency. Additionally, several bright storms were also seen near and below the southern border of the polar cap. It is believed that the number of storms, their frequency, and where they appear are affected by a combination of seasonal and meteorological effects. This wide-field compass image of Uranus shows some of its 27 moons and a few prominent stars. (Photo credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI) NASA noted how the “polar cap appears to become more prominent when the planet’s pole begins to point toward the Sun, as it approaches solstice and receives more sunlight.” ALSO READ | Juno captures stunning images of 'Christmas Star' Jupiter Uranus reaches its next solstice in 2028 and scientists are eager to observe any possible changes in the structure of these features during this time. The seventh planet from the Sun also serves as a proxy to study thousands of those discovered outside of our solar system, or exoplanets. “This ‘exoplanet in our backyard’ can help astronomers understand how planets of this size work, what their meteorology is like, and how they formed. This can in turn help us understand our own solar system as a whole by placing it in a larger context,” said NASA in a statement.

Uranus stuns with halo-like rings, moons and this one special feature in new images

<p>NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material.</p>

<h2><strong>A precious payload from Bennu</strong></h2>

<p>On September 24, NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft triumphantly returned to Earth, carrying a special payload—an invaluable canister filled with rocks and dust collected from the surface of asteroid Bennu.</p>

<p>These space rocks are of profound significance, holding potential clues to the solar system's origin and the ability to answer critical questions about Earth's formation.</p>

<p>The Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM), designed to secure the asteroid sample, has become an unexpected challenge for NASA's scientific and engineering teams. Despite months of preparation and anticipation, NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston encountered a hurdle when attempting to unlock the TAGSAM.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-growing-food-in-space-what-is-nasas-veggie-project-670838">Also read |&nbsp;Explained: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space</a></p>

<p>NASA officially disclosed the issue on October 20, revealing that two out of the 35 fasteners on the TAGSAM head could not be removed using the current tools approved for use in the OSIRIS-REx glovebox. This marks the first time NASA has encountered such a challenge in retrieving a sample from an asteroid in space, highlighting the intricacies of the TAGSAM mechanics.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;NASA Chief says Aliens exist</strong></p>

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<p>In response to the unexpected challenge, the NASA team has been diligently working to troubleshoot the problem, adjusting their approach to opening the TAGSAM head. Despite multiple attempts, the resistant fasteners have proven formidable. The constraints of the OSIRIS-REx glovebox, designed to prevent contamination, have further complicated the process, limiting the tools that can be employed to those fitting within the glovebox.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/this-is-what-going-to-gym-looks-like-at-international-space-station-670676">Also read |&nbsp;This is what going to gym looks like on International Space Station</a></p>

<p>Despite these formidable challenges, the NASA has has continued its efforts to&nbsp;access a portion of the sample. It has extracting 70.3 grams of rocks and dust from both the outside and inside of the TAGSAM head so far. Surpassing the initial goal of collecting 60 grams, this partial success has already yielded valuable insights into the composition of the asteroid, providing a silver lining amid the technical challenges faced by the space agency.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material.

NASA's ambitious mission to uncover the mysteries of the solar system has encountered an unforeseen obstacle. Two months after securing a crucial sample from the asteroid Bennu, the space agency faces a perplexing challenge—it is unable to open the canister housing the precious extraterrestrial material. A precious payload from Bennu On September 24, NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft triumphantly returned to Earth, carrying a special payload—an invaluable canister filled with rocks and dust collected from the surface of asteroid Bennu. These space rocks are of profound significance, holding potential clues to the solar system's origin and the ability to answer critical questions about Earth's formation. The Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM), designed to secure the asteroid sample, has become an unexpected challenge for NASA's scientific and engineering teams. Despite months of preparation and anticipation, NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston encountered a hurdle when attempting to unlock the TAGSAM. Also read | Explained: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space NASA officially disclosed the issue on October 20, revealing that two out of the 35 fasteners on the TAGSAM head could not be removed using the current tools approved for use in the OSIRIS-REx glovebox. This marks the first time NASA has encountered such a challenge in retrieving a sample from an asteroid in space, highlighting the intricacies of the TAGSAM mechanics. Also watch | NASA Chief says Aliens exist In response to the unexpected challenge, the NASA team has been diligently working to troubleshoot the problem, adjusting their approach to opening the TAGSAM head. Despite multiple attempts, the resistant fasteners have proven formidable. The constraints of the OSIRIS-REx glovebox, designed to prevent contamination, have further complicated the process, limiting the tools that can be employed to those fitting within the glovebox. Also read | This is what going to gym looks like on International Space Station Despite these formidable challenges, the NASA has has continued its efforts to access a portion of the sample. It has extracting 70.3 grams of rocks and dust from both the outside and inside of the TAGSAM head so far. Surpassing the initial goal of collecting 60 grams, this partial success has already yielded valuable insights into the composition of the asteroid, providing a silver lining amid the technical challenges faced by the space agency. (With inputs from agencies)

Two months on, NASA is still struggling to open sample container from asteroid Bennu

<p>NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station.<br />
<br />
When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag. For some time, Rubio had stowed the food inside which had floated away later.<br />
<br />
"Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," wrote NASA officials, in an update Thursday (Dec 14). However, they did not disclose the exact location.<br />
<br />
"Other than some discolouration, it had no visible microbial or fungal growth," they added.</p>

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<p>Previously, Rubio had spoken about a single lost tomato which NASA has now informed grew as part of the eXposed Root On-Orbit Test System or XROOTS experiment in 2022.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-growing-food-in-space-what-is-nasas-veggie-project-670838">As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space</a></p>

<p>"The experiment uses hydroponic and aeroponic techniques to grow plants without soil or other growth media and could provide suitable solutions for plant systems needed for future space exploration missions," the agency said.<br />
<br />
Although the find was a lighthearted moment for Rubio, who came back from his one-year mission, NASA said that the real reason for growing food on the ISS was to practice techniques which can be used during the exploration of the moon and Mars.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/iss-discovers-tomato-which-remained-lost-in-space-for-eight-months-667098">A tomato lost for 8 months on space station has finally been found, and it is a big deal</a></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>NASA tryst with space-grown veggies</strong></h2>

<p>NASA has been carrying out more than one experiment so as to provide astronauts with fresh food.<br />
<br />
VEG-05 was carrying out a test to produce dwarf tomatoes and other foods, while the Planet Habitat-03 "is one of the first multi-generational plant studies aboard the space station which could help researchers assess whether genetic adaptations in one generation of plants grown in space can transfer to the next”, as stated by NASA.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;All about NASA's PACE mission to study Earth's clouds &amp; oceans</strong></p>

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<p>It added that there are intangible benefits in growing space food. "The benefits of growing plants in space don't stop there," said NASA officials, adding, "Astronauts report there are psychological benefits to time spent gardening, increasing their quality of life in space, and boosting their morale.”</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station. When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag.

NASA shared footage of two tiny tomatoes which were lost in space in 2022 after they were harvested by astronaut Frank Rubio on the International Space Station. When the tomatoes were discovered in the six-bedroom complex, it showed scientists how the 17 per cent humidity onboard has been affecting food present in a Ziploc bag. For some time, Rubio had stowed the food inside which had floated away later. "Despite being nearly a year after the initial disappearance of the tomatoes, the fruit was found in a plastic bag dehydrated and slightly squished," wrote NASA officials, in an update Thursday (Dec 14). However, they did not disclose the exact location. "Other than some discolouration, it had no visible microbial or fungal growth," they added. × Previously, Rubio had spoken about a single lost tomato which NASA has now informed grew as part of the eXposed Root On-Orbit Test System or XROOTS experiment in 2022. Also read: As tale of lost tomatoes grips the world, here's understanding how veggies are grown in space "The experiment uses hydroponic and aeroponic techniques to grow plants without soil or other growth media and could provide suitable solutions for plant systems needed for future space exploration missions," the agency said. Although the find was a lighthearted moment for Rubio, who came back from his one-year mission, NASA said that the real reason for growing food on the ISS was to practice techniques which can be used during the exploration of the moon and Mars. Also read: A tomato lost for 8 months on space station has finally been found, and it is a big deal NASA tryst with space-grown veggies NASA has been carrying out more than one experiment so as to provide astronauts with fresh food. VEG-05 was carrying out a test to produce dwarf tomatoes and other foods, while the Planet Habitat-03 "is one of the first multi-generational plant studies aboard the space station which could help researchers assess whether genetic adaptations in one generation of plants grown in space can transfer to the next”, as stated by NASA. Watch: All about NASA's PACE mission to study Earth's clouds & oceans It added that there are intangible benefits in growing space food. "The benefits of growing plants in space don't stop there," said NASA officials, adding, "Astronauts report there are psychological benefits to time spent gardening, increasing their quality of life in space, and boosting their morale.” (With inputs from agencies)

Watch: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months

<p>In a recent study unveiled at the 2023 American Geophysical Union meeting, researchers studied and explored "hot Jupiters" through NASA's CubeSat mission, the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE).&nbsp;</p>

<p>What sets CUTE apart is that this is really tiny in size, measuring merely 36 centimetres in length, akin to a cereal box, in contrast to the more sizable exoplanet-hunting telescopes which often look like small school buses.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Launched in September 2021, CUTE has directed its ultraviolet capabilities towards studying hot Jupiters in detail. Hot Jupiters are those planets which are in close proximity to their parent stars. The study focused on understanding atmospheric escape phenomena.</p>

<h2><strong>Previous analysis of WASP-189b</strong></h2>

<p>The team, comprising both undergraduate and graduate students, had previously published a comprehensive overview of CUTE in The Astronomical Journal in January 2023.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Subsequently, in August 2023, they reported specific results from CUTE's observations of WASP-189b, an extrasolar planet, in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.&nbsp;</p>

<p>WASP-189b, with an orbital period of 2.7 days, exhibited a staggering atmospheric escape rate of 400 million kilograms per second due to its searing surface temperatures reaching approximately 8,315 degrees Celsius.</p>

<h2><strong>CUTE’s staggering capabilities</strong></h2>

<p>Despite its diminutive size, CUTE, orbiting at an altitude of 525 kilometres above the Earth's surface, showcased remarkable observational capabilities.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The mission's reach extended beyond our solar system, as evidenced by its study of WASP-189b located approximately 325 light-years away.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This underscores CUTE's potential to gain profound insights into the formation and evolution of planets beyond our solar system.</p>

<h2><strong>Seven hot Jupiters identified as of now</strong></h2>

<p>While WASP-189b stands out as a prime example of CUTE's capabilities, the research team has extended its observations to a total of seven hot Jupiters.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;ISRO to take on multiple missions, ISRO to put a space station in orbit by 2028</strong></p>

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<p>Noteworthy among these are MASCARA-4b, located around 557 light-years from Earth, and KELT-9b, approximately 667 light-years away. The team's findings revealed varying degrees of atmospheric escape, from barely any gas escaping in the case of MASCARA-4b to a moderate level in KELT-9b.</p>

<p>“We want to understand how our solar system fits into the family of solar systems in the universe,” said Dr Kevin France, who is the CUTE Principal Investigator, an associate professor in the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences at CU Boulder, lead author of the overview paper, and co-author on the WASP-189b paper.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/watch-nasa-releases-footage-of-tomatoes-lost-in-space-for-eight-months-670397"><strong>Also read:&nbsp;Watch: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months</strong></a></p>

<p>“That means understanding the big planets, the small planets, the ones that could have life and the ones that definitely don’t—and all of the important physical processes that are operating on these planets.”</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


In a recent study unveiled at the 2023 American Geophysical Union meeting, researchers studied and explored "hot Jupiters" through NASA's CubeSat mission, the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE).

In a recent study unveiled at the 2023 American Geophysical Union meeting, researchers studied and explored "hot Jupiters" through NASA's CubeSat mission, the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE). What sets CUTE apart is that this is really tiny in size, measuring merely 36 centimetres in length, akin to a cereal box, in contrast to the more sizable exoplanet-hunting telescopes which often look like small school buses. Launched in September 2021, CUTE has directed its ultraviolet capabilities towards studying hot Jupiters in detail. Hot Jupiters are those planets which are in close proximity to their parent stars. The study focused on understanding atmospheric escape phenomena. Previous analysis of WASP-189b The team, comprising both undergraduate and graduate students, had previously published a comprehensive overview of CUTE in The Astronomical Journal in January 2023. Subsequently, in August 2023, they reported specific results from CUTE's observations of WASP-189b, an extrasolar planet, in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. WASP-189b, with an orbital period of 2.7 days, exhibited a staggering atmospheric escape rate of 400 million kilograms per second due to its searing surface temperatures reaching approximately 8,315 degrees Celsius. CUTE’s staggering capabilities Despite its diminutive size, CUTE, orbiting at an altitude of 525 kilometres above the Earth's surface, showcased remarkable observational capabilities. The mission's reach extended beyond our solar system, as evidenced by its study of WASP-189b located approximately 325 light-years away. This underscores CUTE's potential to gain profound insights into the formation and evolution of planets beyond our solar system. Seven hot Jupiters identified as of now While WASP-189b stands out as a prime example of CUTE's capabilities, the research team has extended its observations to a total of seven hot Jupiters. Watch: ISRO to take on multiple missions, ISRO to put a space station in orbit by 2028 × Noteworthy among these are MASCARA-4b, located around 557 light-years from Earth, and KELT-9b, approximately 667 light-years away. The team's findings revealed varying degrees of atmospheric escape, from barely any gas escaping in the case of MASCARA-4b to a moderate level in KELT-9b. “We want to understand how our solar system fits into the family of solar systems in the universe,” said Dr Kevin France, who is the CUTE Principal Investigator, an associate professor in the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences at CU Boulder, lead author of the overview paper, and co-author on the WASP-189b paper. Also read: Watch: NASA releases footage of tomatoes lost in space for eight months “That means understanding the big planets, the small planets, the ones that could have life and the ones that definitely don’t—and all of the important physical processes that are operating on these planets.” (With inputs from agencies)

NASA’s tiny telescope discovers seven hot Jupiters millions of light-years away

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<p>The Geminids meteor shower, which is seen in mid-December every year, has lit up the night skies once again. According to a report by Forbes on Friday (Dec 15), the meteor peaked on Thursday night. Even though the peak has now passed, the Geminids will continue through December 24. As per the report, the meteor shower was best seen in the Northern Hemisphere.</p>

<p>Next year, there will be three meteor showers peaking in moonless skies- Quadrantids in early January, Eta Aquariids in May, and Perseids in August, the report added.</p>

<h2><strong>What are Geminids?</strong></h2>

<p>Geminids are a prolific meteor shower caused by 3200 Phaethon, an asteroid that may have broken off from a larger comet. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), observations show that the Geminids are denser than meteors belonging to other showers, enabling them to get as low as 29 miles above Earth’s surface before burning up.</p>

<p>They are one of the best and most reliable annual meteor showers.</p>

<p>"The Geminids can be seen by most of the world. Yet, it is best viewed by observers in the Northern Hemisphere. As you enter the Southern Hemisphere and move towards the South Pole, the altitude of the Geminid radiant – the celestial point in the sky where the Geminid meteors appear to originate – gets lower and lower above the horizon," NASA said.</p>

<h2><strong>How fast are Geminids?</strong></h2>

<p>Geminids travel at a speed of 35km/second which is more than 1000 times faster than a cheetah, about 250 times faster than the swiftest car in the world, and over 40 times faster than a speeding bullet.</p>

<p>“Most meteors appear to be colourless or white, however, the Geminids appear with a greenish hue. They’re pretty meteors!” said Bill Cooke, lead for the Meteoroid Environment Office at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>


The Geminids meteor shower, which is seen in mid-December every year, has lit up the night skies once again. According to a report by Forbes on Friday (Dec 15), the meteor peaked on Thursday night.

The Geminids meteor shower, which is seen in mid-December every year, has lit up the night skies once again. According to a report by Forbes on Friday (Dec 15), the meteor peaked on Thursday night. Even though the peak has now passed, the Geminids will continue through December 24. As per the report, the meteor shower was best seen in the Northern Hemisphere. Next year, there will be three meteor showers peaking in moonless skies- Quadrantids in early January, Eta Aquariids in May, and Perseids in August, the report added. What are Geminids? Geminids are a prolific meteor shower caused by 3200 Phaethon, an asteroid that may have broken off from a larger comet. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), observations show that the Geminids are denser than meteors belonging to other showers, enabling them to get as low as 29 miles above Earth’s surface before burning up. They are one of the best and most reliable annual meteor showers. "The Geminids can be seen by most of the world. Yet, it is best viewed by observers in the Northern Hemisphere. As you enter the Southern Hemisphere and move towards the South Pole, the altitude of the Geminid radiant – the celestial point in the sky where the Geminid meteors appear to originate – gets lower and lower above the horizon," NASA said. How fast are Geminids? Geminids travel at a speed of 35km/second which is more than 1000 times faster than a cheetah, about 250 times faster than the swiftest car in the world, and over 40 times faster than a speeding bullet. “Most meteors appear to be colourless or white, however, the Geminids appear with a greenish hue. They’re pretty meteors!” said Bill Cooke, lead for the Meteoroid Environment Office at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville.

Geminids meteor shower lights up night sky with a greenish hue

<p>NASA has expanded the search for extraterrestrial life by identifying 17 exoplanets with the potential for habitable oceans hidden beneath their icy shells. "Water from these oceans could occasionally erupt through the ice crust as geysers. The science team calculated the amount of geyser activity on these exoplanets, the first time these estimates have been made," NASA said in a statement.</p>

<p>The study, led by Dr. Lynnae Quick of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, challenged the conventional focus on a star’s "habitable zone" and explored the possibility of subsurface oceans on distant and cold exoplanets.</p>

<p>The research, published in the Astrophysical Journal on October 4, delved into the internal heating mechanisms of these exoplanets, by taking known properties of icy moons in our solar system like Europa and Enceladus, which harbour subsurface oceans due to gravitational forces from their host planets and other moons nearby them.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-delaying-breakfast-and-dinner-increases-chances-of-heart-attack-stroke-study-670212">Delaying breakfast and dinner increases chances of heart attack, stroke: Study</a></p>

<p>"Our analyses predict that these 17 worlds may have ice-covered surfaces but receive enough internal heating from the decay of radioactive elements and tidal forces from their host stars to maintain internal oceans," explained Dr. Quick.</p>

<p>"Thanks to the amount of internal heating they experience, all planets in our study could also exhibit cryovolcanic eruptions in the form of geyser-like plumes."</p>

<p>The team focused on Earth-sized exoplanets with lower density, suggesting significant ice and water content. While their exact compositions remain unknown, estimates of surface temperatures indicated much colder conditions than Earth, implying potential ice coverings.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/iss-astronaut-snaps-photos-of-icebergs-a-reminder-of-climate-change-670133">ISS astronaut snaps photos of icebergs - a reminder of climate change</a></p>

<p>The study also estimated total internal heating by considering tidal forces and radioactive activity. Comparing these figures to Europa's allowed the team to predict ice layer thickness and geyser activity on the exoplanets.</p>

<h2><strong>Surface temperature up to 60 degrees Fahrenheit colder</strong></h2>

<p>Surface temperatures were estimated to be up to 60 degrees Fahrenheit colder than previous assessments. Ice shell thickness varied among the exoplanets, ranging from 190 feet to 24 miles. Geyser activity estimates ranged from 17.6 pounds per second for Kepler 441b to 13.2 million pounds per second for Proxima Centauri b.</p>

<section>
<p><strong>Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/green-transition-fiscal-strain-impact-of-germanys-debt-brake-suspension-670200">Green transition &amp; fiscal strain: Impact of Germany's debt brake suspension</a></strong></p>

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<p>The geyser activity could be seen when exoplanets pass in front of their stars. Water vapour from geysers could block certain colours of starlight, providing evidence of cryovolcanic eruptions. Sporadic detections of water vapour varying over time would suggest geological activity.&nbsp;</p>
</section>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA has expanded the search for extraterrestrial life by identifying 17 exoplanets with the potential for habitable oceans hidden beneath their icy shells. "Water from these oceans could occasionally erupt through the ice crust as geysers.

NASA has expanded the search for extraterrestrial life by identifying 17 exoplanets with the potential for habitable oceans hidden beneath their icy shells. "Water from these oceans could occasionally erupt through the ice crust as geysers. The science team calculated the amount of geyser activity on these exoplanets, the first time these estimates have been made," NASA said in a statement. The study, led by Dr. Lynnae Quick of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, challenged the conventional focus on a star’s "habitable zone" and explored the possibility of subsurface oceans on distant and cold exoplanets. The research, published in the Astrophysical Journal on October 4, delved into the internal heating mechanisms of these exoplanets, by taking known properties of icy moons in our solar system like Europa and Enceladus, which harbour subsurface oceans due to gravitational forces from their host planets and other moons nearby them. Also Read | Delaying breakfast and dinner increases chances of heart attack, stroke: Study "Our analyses predict that these 17 worlds may have ice-covered surfaces but receive enough internal heating from the decay of radioactive elements and tidal forces from their host stars to maintain internal oceans," explained Dr. Quick. "Thanks to the amount of internal heating they experience, all planets in our study could also exhibit cryovolcanic eruptions in the form of geyser-like plumes." The team focused on Earth-sized exoplanets with lower density, suggesting significant ice and water content. While their exact compositions remain unknown, estimates of surface temperatures indicated much colder conditions than Earth, implying potential ice coverings. Also Read | ISS astronaut snaps photos of icebergs - a reminder of climate change The study also estimated total internal heating by considering tidal forces and radioactive activity. Comparing these figures to Europa's allowed the team to predict ice layer thickness and geyser activity on the exoplanets. Surface temperature up to 60 degrees Fahrenheit colder Surface temperatures were estimated to be up to 60 degrees Fahrenheit colder than previous assessments. Ice shell thickness varied among the exoplanets, ranging from 190 feet to 24 miles. Geyser activity estimates ranged from 17.6 pounds per second for Kepler 441b to 13.2 million pounds per second for Proxima Centauri b. Watch | Green transition & fiscal strain: Impact of Germany's debt brake suspension × The geyser activity could be seen when exoplanets pass in front of their stars. Water vapour from geysers could block certain colours of starlight, providing evidence of cryovolcanic eruptions. Sporadic detections of water vapour varying over time would suggest geological activity. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA identifies 17 exoplanets hosting 'hidden' oceans beneath icy shells, erupting geysers

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<p>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has made an interesting discovery on Saturday's icy moon Enceladus. A study by NASA on Thursday (Dec 14) showed that the agency found evidence of a key ingredient for life and a supercharged source of energy to fuel it. Scientists have known that the giant plume of ice grains and water vapour spewing from Enceladus is rich in organic compounds.</p>

<p>"Now, scientists analyzing data from NASA’s Cassini mission are taking the evidence for habitability a step further: They’ve found strong confirmation of hydrogen cyanide, a molecule that is key to the origin of life," the <strong><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-023-02160-0.epdf?sharing_token=9f1fFhF9x9DTwwV3Z4KYPtRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0O62obxNW8k7GDHtvLUshnFEHPyLmkRC9CrS4VWCC4iWzGprsnt-SNu6EBvPgXNhKu_g09avF1rQpc6EgUqbrTYGqv1r68pzsZqFESsPMU6Dvgyq4KlXUNeNP_gtWiJyoM%3D">study said</a></strong>.</p>

<p>Researchers also uncovered evidence that an ocean, which is hiding below the moon's icy outer shell and supplies the plume, holds a powerful source of chemical energy. "Unidentified until now, the energy source is in the form of several organic compounds, some of which, on Earth, serve as fuel for organisms," according to NASA.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-preps-for-pace-mission-to-study-factors-that-shape-our-climate-669448">NASA preps for PACE mission to study factors that shape our climate</a></strong></p>

<p>The study's findings indicate there may be more chemical energy inside Enceladus than previously thought.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The study's lead author Jonah Peter said his&nbsp;work provides further evidence that the moon is a host to "some of the most important molecules for both creating the building blocks of life and for sustaining that life through metabolic reactions."</p>

<p>“Not only does Enceladus seem to meet the basic requirements for habitability, we now have an idea about how complex biomolecules could form there, and what sort of chemical pathways might be involved,” said Peter, a doctoral student at Harvard University who performed much of the research while working at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.</p>

<h2><strong>Previous evidence found in 2017</strong></h2>

<p>In 2017, scientists found evidence at Enceladus&nbsp;that could help sustain life, if present, in its ocean. The combination of carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen in the plume was suggestive of methanogenesis, a metabolic process that produces methane, NASA said.</p>

<p>Thursday's study has uncovered evidence for additional chemical sources far more powerful and diverse than the making of methane.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hello-from-the-other-side-nasas-voyager-1-faces-glitch-in-interstellar-space-cant-call-back-home-669373">'Hello from the other side': NASA's Voyager 1 faces glitch in interstellar space, can't call back home</a></strong></p>

<p>“If methanogenesis is like a small watch battery, in terms of energy, then our results suggest the ocean of Enceladus might offer something more akin to a car battery, capable of providing a large amount of energy to any life that might be present,” said JPL’s Kevin Hand, co-author of the study.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Reliance on statistical analyses</strong></h2>

<p>Unlike earlier research where lab experiments and geochemical modelling were used to replicate the conditions the Cassini mission found at Enceladus, researchers this time relied on detailed statistical analyses.</p>

<p>They examined data collected by Cassini’s ion and neutral mass spectrometer, which studied the gas, ions, and ice grains around Saturn, NASA said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"By quantifying the amount of information contained in the data, the authors were able to tease out subtle differences in how well different chemical compounds explain the Cassini signal," it added.</p>


The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has made an interesting discovery on Saturday's icy moon Enceladus. A study by NASA on Thursday (Dec 14) showed that the agency found evidence of a key ingredient for life and a supercharged source of energy to fuel it.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has made an interesting discovery on Saturday's icy moon Enceladus. A study by NASA on Thursday (Dec 14) showed that the agency found evidence of a key ingredient for life and a supercharged source of energy to fuel it. Scientists have known that the giant plume of ice grains and water vapour spewing from Enceladus is rich in organic compounds. "Now, scientists analyzing data from NASA’s Cassini mission are taking the evidence for habitability a step further: They’ve found strong confirmation of hydrogen cyanide, a molecule that is key to the origin of life," the study said. Researchers also uncovered evidence that an ocean, which is hiding below the moon's icy outer shell and supplies the plume, holds a powerful source of chemical energy. "Unidentified until now, the energy source is in the form of several organic compounds, some of which, on Earth, serve as fuel for organisms," according to NASA. Also read: NASA preps for PACE mission to study factors that shape our climate The study's findings indicate there may be more chemical energy inside Enceladus than previously thought. The study's lead author Jonah Peter said his work provides further evidence that the moon is a host to "some of the most important molecules for both creating the building blocks of life and for sustaining that life through metabolic reactions." “Not only does Enceladus seem to meet the basic requirements for habitability, we now have an idea about how complex biomolecules could form there, and what sort of chemical pathways might be involved,” said Peter, a doctoral student at Harvard University who performed much of the research while working at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Previous evidence found in 2017 In 2017, scientists found evidence at Enceladus that could help sustain life, if present, in its ocean. The combination of carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen in the plume was suggestive of methanogenesis, a metabolic process that produces methane, NASA said. Thursday's study has uncovered evidence for additional chemical sources far more powerful and diverse than the making of methane. Also read: 'Hello from the other side': NASA's Voyager 1 faces glitch in interstellar space, can't call back home “If methanogenesis is like a small watch battery, in terms of energy, then our results suggest the ocean of Enceladus might offer something more akin to a car battery, capable of providing a large amount of energy to any life that might be present,” said JPL’s Kevin Hand, co-author of the study. Reliance on statistical analyses Unlike earlier research where lab experiments and geochemical modelling were used to replicate the conditions the Cassini mission found at Enceladus, researchers this time relied on detailed statistical analyses. They examined data collected by Cassini’s ion and neutral mass spectrometer, which studied the gas, ions, and ice grains around Saturn, NASA said. "By quantifying the amount of information contained in the data, the authors were able to tease out subtle differences in how well different chemical compounds explain the Cassini signal," it added.

NASA finds energy source and molecule at Saturn's moon Enceladus

The instruments in Juno spacecraft include a magnetometer, gravity science system, and microwave radiometer, enabling measurements of Jupiter's magnetic fields and atmospheric properties.

In Pics: Juno captures stunning images of 'Christmas Star' Jupiter

<p>Fast radio bursts (FRBs), those enigmatic millisecond-long flashes of radio waves from distant corners of the universe, have become more mysterious than ever.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The discovery of a unique pattern in a newly detected repeating FRB, named FRB 20220912A, has left astronomers intrigued.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>New study</strong></h2>

<p>In a new study, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, astronomers have outlined the findings. The research offer valuable clues while introducing fresh puzzles to unravel.</p>

<p>The first FRB was identified in 2007, and since then, numerous such intense events have been spotted emanating from the far reaches of the cosmos. These bursts can unleash as much energy in a thousandth of a second as the sun generates in a year or more. Despite this, the cause behind FRBs remains unknown.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/boxing-glove-claws-breathing-through-legs-newly-found-sea-spider-species-has-some-bizarre-features-669867">Newly found sea spider species breathes through legs, has boxing gloves for claws</a></strong></p>

<p>As per a report in ABC 7 News, the recent discovery was made from observations made using the Allen Telescope Array (ATA) of the California-based SETI Institute, equipped with 42 antennae at the Hat Creek Radio Observatory.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Over a two-month period, the team detected 35 fast radio bursts from a single source.</p>

<p>This study marks the first use of the Allen Telescope Array to observe FRBs, showcasing the potential of new telescopes with unique capabilities in shedding light on the mysteries of FRB science.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>The discovery</strong></h2>

<p>While most FRBs last only a few milliseconds, making them challenging to observe, some have been found to repeat, enabling astronomers to trace their origin back to distant galaxies. FRB 20220912A initially appeared akin to other known repeaters, with each burst transitioning from higher to lower frequencies.</p>

<p>A closer examination unveiled a novel aspect: a distinct drop in the centre frequency of the bursts, resembling a cosmic slide whistle. When the signals were converted into sounds using xylophone notes, it was even more noticeable. The high notes represented the beginning of the bursts, and the low notes depicted the concluding tones.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/jeff-bezos-says-space-colonisation-ultimately-means-to-preserve-the-planet-669969">Bezos wants humans to colonise the solar system, while Musk has his sight set on Mars</a></strong></p>

<p>Despite efforts to identify a pattern in the timings between each burst, similar to some other repeating FRBs, researchers could not detect one for FRB 20220912A, underscoring the unpredictable nature of these celestial events.</p>

<p>Lead study author Dr Sofia Sheikh, a National Science Foundation MPS-Ascend postdoctoral fellow at the SETI Institute, expressed excitement about the findings.</p>

<p>"This work is exciting because it provides both confirmation of known FRB properties and the discovery of some new ones," said Sheikh.&nbsp;Researchers noted that each observation of FRBs yields insights and raises further questions.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Fast radio bursts (FRBs), those enigmatic millisecond-long flashes of radio waves from distant corners of the universe, have become more mysterious than ever. The discovery of a unique pattern in a newly detected repeating FRB, named FRB 20220912A, has left astronomers intrigued.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs), those enigmatic millisecond-long flashes of radio waves from distant corners of the universe, have become more mysterious than ever. The discovery of a unique pattern in a newly detected repeating FRB, named FRB 20220912A, has left astronomers intrigued. New study In a new study, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, astronomers have outlined the findings. The research offer valuable clues while introducing fresh puzzles to unravel. The first FRB was identified in 2007, and since then, numerous such intense events have been spotted emanating from the far reaches of the cosmos. These bursts can unleash as much energy in a thousandth of a second as the sun generates in a year or more. Despite this, the cause behind FRBs remains unknown. Also read | Newly found sea spider species breathes through legs, has boxing gloves for claws As per a report in ABC 7 News, the recent discovery was made from observations made using the Allen Telescope Array (ATA) of the California-based SETI Institute, equipped with 42 antennae at the Hat Creek Radio Observatory. Over a two-month period, the team detected 35 fast radio bursts from a single source. This study marks the first use of the Allen Telescope Array to observe FRBs, showcasing the potential of new telescopes with unique capabilities in shedding light on the mysteries of FRB science. The discovery While most FRBs last only a few milliseconds, making them challenging to observe, some have been found to repeat, enabling astronomers to trace their origin back to distant galaxies. FRB 20220912A initially appeared akin to other known repeaters, with each burst transitioning from higher to lower frequencies. A closer examination unveiled a novel aspect: a distinct drop in the centre frequency of the bursts, resembling a cosmic slide whistle. When the signals were converted into sounds using xylophone notes, it was even more noticeable. The high notes represented the beginning of the bursts, and the low notes depicted the concluding tones. Also read | Bezos wants humans to colonise the solar system, while Musk has his sight set on Mars Despite efforts to identify a pattern in the timings between each burst, similar to some other repeating FRBs, researchers could not detect one for FRB 20220912A, underscoring the unpredictable nature of these celestial events. Lead study author Dr Sofia Sheikh, a National Science Foundation MPS-Ascend postdoctoral fellow at the SETI Institute, expressed excitement about the findings. "This work is exciting because it provides both confirmation of known FRB properties and the discovery of some new ones," said Sheikh. Researchers noted that each observation of FRBs yields insights and raises further questions. (With inputs from agencies)

Unlocking secrets of universe: Mysterious fast radio bursts in space gets stranger

NASA is gearing up for the launch of PACE mission in 2024. The mission's objective is to enhance the understanding of Earth's atmosphere. PACE stands for Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem. Watch this video for all details.

All about NASA's PACE mission to study Earth's clouds & oceans

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<p>The Sun on Thursday (Dec 14) released an X-class solar flare, which is categorised as the most intense flare. According to a statement by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), an image of the event was captured by the space agency's Solar Dynamics Observatory. "This flare is classified as an X2.8 flare. X-class denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength," the statement said.</p>

<p>"Flares and solar eruptions can impact radio communications, electric power grids, navigation signals, and pose risks to spacecraft and astronauts," it added. X2.8 peaked at 12.02 pm EST on Tuesday.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;Explained | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-causes-solar-storms-how-they-affect-earth-and-related-phenomenon-669635">Sun has been raging for weeks and Earth is bearing the brunt. Why is that happening?</a></strong></p>

<p>According to a report by SpaceWeather.com, the X2.8 was the most powerful solar flare since September 2017. Thursday's flare caused a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Americas, the report added.</p>

<h2><strong>What is a solar flare?</strong></h2>

<p>According to NASA, a solar flare is an intense burst of radiation coming from the release of magnetic energy associated with sunspots. Flares are the solar system's largest explosive events.&nbsp;</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">The Sun emitted a strong solar flare on Dec. 14, 2023, peaking at 12:02 ET. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured an image of the event, which was classified as X2.8. <a href="https://t.co/4INrRFqIg7">https://t.co/4INrRFqIg7</a> <a href="https://t.co/2dJ1YMkiXS">pic.twitter.com/2dJ1YMkiXS</a></p>
— NASA Sun &amp; Space (@NASASun) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASASun/status/1735367831993168352?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 14, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>"They are seen as bright areas on the Sun and they can last from minutes to hours. We typically see a solar flare by the photons (or light) it releases, at most every wavelength of the spectrum," NASA said.</p>

<p>Flares are primarily monitored in X-rays and optical light. Flares are also sites where particles (electrons, protons, and heavier particles) are accelerated.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-detect-oldest-black-hole-ever-observed-its-a-million-times-the-mass-of-sun-report-668329">Astronomers detect oldest black hole ever observed. It's a million times the mass of Sun</a></strong></p>

<p>Powerful flares are often accompanied by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The SpaceWeather report said that a CME was associated with Tuesday's flare likely with an Earth-directed component.</p>

<p>The US Air Force is reporting a Type II solar radio burst, which typically comes from the leading edge of a CME. Based on the drift rate of the radio burst, the emerging CME's velocity could exceed 2,100 km/s, the report added.</p>


The Sun on Thursday (Dec 14) released an X-class solar flare, which is categorised as the most intense flare. According to a statement by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), an image of the event was captured by the space agency's Solar Dynamics Observatory.

The Sun on Thursday (Dec 14) released an X-class solar flare, which is categorised as the most intense flare. According to a statement by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), an image of the event was captured by the space agency's Solar Dynamics Observatory. "This flare is classified as an X2.8 flare. X-class denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength," the statement said. "Flares and solar eruptions can impact radio communications, electric power grids, navigation signals, and pose risks to spacecraft and astronauts," it added. X2.8 peaked at 12.02 pm EST on Tuesday. Also read: Explained | Sun has been raging for weeks and Earth is bearing the brunt. Why is that happening? According to a report by SpaceWeather.com, the X2.8 was the most powerful solar flare since September 2017. Thursday's flare caused a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Americas, the report added. What is a solar flare? According to NASA, a solar flare is an intense burst of radiation coming from the release of magnetic energy associated with sunspots. Flares are the solar system's largest explosive events. The Sun emitted a strong solar flare on Dec. 14, 2023, peaking at 12:02 ET. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured an image of the event, which was classified as X2.8. https://t.co/4INrRFqIg7 pic.twitter.com/2dJ1YMkiXS — NASA Sun & Space (@NASASun) December 14, 2023 × "They are seen as bright areas on the Sun and they can last from minutes to hours. We typically see a solar flare by the photons (or light) it releases, at most every wavelength of the spectrum," NASA said. Flares are primarily monitored in X-rays and optical light. Flares are also sites where particles (electrons, protons, and heavier particles) are accelerated. Also read: Astronomers detect oldest black hole ever observed. It's a million times the mass of Sun Powerful flares are often accompanied by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The SpaceWeather report said that a CME was associated with Tuesday's flare likely with an Earth-directed component. The US Air Force is reporting a Type II solar radio burst, which typically comes from the leading edge of a CME. Based on the drift rate of the radio burst, the emerging CME's velocity could exceed 2,100 km/s, the report added.

Watch | Sun releases strongest X-class solar flare since 2017, radio blackout reported over Americas

NASA's Perseverance Rover has uncovered new details about water on the red planet Mars. The latest insights reveal signs of an ancient lake and river delta on Mars's Jezero crater.

NASA's Perseverance Rover finds new clues about water on Mars

<p>National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is soon to glean into and boost our understanding of Earth's atmosphere with its Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission. The mission is slated for a launch in early 2024.</p>

<p>This mission will see the deployment of advanced polarimeters to study the interaction of light, aerosols and clouds. This will in turn enhance our understanding of the impact of these factors on air quality and climate.</p>

<h2><strong>Not a trivial study</strong></h2>

<p>Aerosols are very small particles in the air like those of smoke, dust, sea salt and other pollutants. Though it may appear somewhat trivial to study them, these factors influence our climate.</p>

<p>Aerosols absorb as well as scatter sunlight. This decides how much solar energy reaches the surface of Earth.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China</strong></p>

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<p>The PACE mission will analyse the colour of the ocean as well.</p>

<p>"The primary science instrument planned for PACE is the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) which will be capable of measuring the color of the ocean from ultraviolet to shortwave infrared. PACE will also include two polarimeters. Such instruments are used to measure how the oscillation of sunlight within a geometric plane - known as its polarization - is changed by passing through clouds, aerosols, and the ocean. The polarimeters onboard the PACE observatory are the Spectro-polarimeter for Planetary Exploration (SPEXone) and the Hyper Angular Research Polarimeter (HARP2)," says NASA on its website.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-perseverance-rover-decodes-martian-lakes-ancient-history-after-spending-1000-martian-days-669370">NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after 1000 Martian days</a></strong></p>

<p>The agency further explains that SPEXone and HARP2 will together provide "complementary spectral and angular sampling, polarimetric accuracy, and spatial coverage".</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/heres-how-solar-systems-bizarre-phenomena-dramatically-ballooned-atmosphere-of-mars-669420">Here's how solar system's bizarre phenomena dramatically ballooned atmosphere of Mars</a></strong></p>

<p>This will in turn "provide opportunities for improved OCI atmospheric correction, as well as a comprehensive range of aerosol and cloud science data products beyond what could be accomplished by the OCI alone. Thus, the synergistic payload of the OCI, SPEXone, and HARP2 will be poised to make significant breakthroughs in aerosol-cloud-ocean research,"&nbsp;says NASA.</p>

<p><em>(With input from agencies)</em></p>


National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is soon to glean into and boost our understanding of Earth's atmosphere with its Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is soon to glean into and boost our understanding of Earth's atmosphere with its Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission. The mission is slated for a launch in early 2024. This mission will see the deployment of advanced polarimeters to study the interaction of light, aerosols and clouds. This will in turn enhance our understanding of the impact of these factors on air quality and climate. Not a trivial study Aerosols are very small particles in the air like those of smoke, dust, sea salt and other pollutants. Though it may appear somewhat trivial to study them, these factors influence our climate. Aerosols absorb as well as scatter sunlight. This decides how much solar energy reaches the surface of Earth. Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China × The PACE mission will analyse the colour of the ocean as well. "The primary science instrument planned for PACE is the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) which will be capable of measuring the color of the ocean from ultraviolet to shortwave infrared. PACE will also include two polarimeters. Such instruments are used to measure how the oscillation of sunlight within a geometric plane - known as its polarization - is changed by passing through clouds, aerosols, and the ocean. The polarimeters onboard the PACE observatory are the Spectro-polarimeter for Planetary Exploration (SPEXone) and the Hyper Angular Research Polarimeter (HARP2)," says NASA on its website. Also Read | NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after 1000 Martian days The agency further explains that SPEXone and HARP2 will together provide "complementary spectral and angular sampling, polarimetric accuracy, and spatial coverage". Also Read | Here's how solar system's bizarre phenomena dramatically ballooned atmosphere of Mars This will in turn "provide opportunities for improved OCI atmospheric correction, as well as a comprehensive range of aerosol and cloud science data products beyond what could be accomplished by the OCI alone. Thus, the synergistic payload of the OCI, SPEXone, and HARP2 will be poised to make significant breakthroughs in aerosol-cloud-ocean research," says NASA. (With input from agencies)

NASA preps for PACE mission to study factors that shape our climate

<p>Asteroids are fine till they're whooshing past our home planet. Even a nudge from these high-speed space rocks can spell disaster for Earth and all the life on it. A straight hit from an asteroid millions of years ago ended the reign of dinosaurs and paved the way for mammals to evolve.</p>

<p>NASA and other space agencies across the world keep an eye on the asteroids near Earth. The space agency has said that a bus-sized asteroid is set to go past Earth. The asteroid has been designated Asteroid 2023 XH7 by NASA.</p>

<p>NASA's Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has revealed that Asteroid 2023 XH7 will come as close as 940,148 kilometres to Earth. This may sound a lot but in terms of distances in space, this one is nothing. The asteroid is hurtling through space at 71276 kilometres per hour.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China</strong></p>

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<p>Asteroid 2023 XH7 is from the Apollo group of Near-Earth Asteroids. These are the asteroids that fly close to Earth.&nbsp;</p>

<p>NASA says that this is not the first time Asteroid XH7 has come close to Earth. The asteroid came close to Earth for the first time on July 5, 2020. At that time, it had passed by Earth from a lot afar. It was &nbsp;9.7 million kilometers away.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-perseverance-rover-decodes-martian-lakes-ancient-history-after-spending-1000-martian-days-669370">NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after 1000 Martian days</a></strong></p>

<p>The same asteroid will come into our neighbourhood again on July 22, 2033. At that time, it will be 63 million kilometres away from the Earth.</p>

<h2><strong>Does it pose a threat?</strong></h2>

<p>The asteroid is just 34 feet across, the size of a bus. Due to its small size, it does not pose a big threat to Earth. Asteroids bigger than 492 feet that fly by Earth at a distance less than 7.5 kilometres are classified by NASA as 'Potentially Hazardous Objects'.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/heres-how-solar-systems-bizarre-phenomena-dramatically-ballooned-atmosphere-of-mars-669420">Here's how solar system's bizarre phenomena dramatically ballooned atmosphere of Mars</a></strong></p>

<p>NASA tracks asteroids using its vast network of telescopes that includes powerful ones such as NEOWISE telescope, Pans-STARRS1, Catalina Sky Survey, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and more.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Asteroids are fine till they're whooshing past our home planet. Even a nudge from these high-speed space rocks can spell disaster for Earth and all the life on it.

Asteroids are fine till they're whooshing past our home planet. Even a nudge from these high-speed space rocks can spell disaster for Earth and all the life on it. A straight hit from an asteroid millions of years ago ended the reign of dinosaurs and paved the way for mammals to evolve. NASA and other space agencies across the world keep an eye on the asteroids near Earth. The space agency has said that a bus-sized asteroid is set to go past Earth. The asteroid has been designated Asteroid 2023 XH7 by NASA. NASA's Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has revealed that Asteroid 2023 XH7 will come as close as 940,148 kilometres to Earth. This may sound a lot but in terms of distances in space, this one is nothing. The asteroid is hurtling through space at 71276 kilometres per hour. Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China × Asteroid 2023 XH7 is from the Apollo group of Near-Earth Asteroids. These are the asteroids that fly close to Earth. NASA says that this is not the first time Asteroid XH7 has come close to Earth. The asteroid came close to Earth for the first time on July 5, 2020. At that time, it had passed by Earth from a lot afar. It was 9.7 million kilometers away. Also Read | NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after 1000 Martian days The same asteroid will come into our neighbourhood again on July 22, 2033. At that time, it will be 63 million kilometres away from the Earth. Does it pose a threat? The asteroid is just 34 feet across, the size of a bus. Due to its small size, it does not pose a big threat to Earth. Asteroids bigger than 492 feet that fly by Earth at a distance less than 7.5 kilometres are classified by NASA as 'Potentially Hazardous Objects'. Also Read | Here's how solar system's bizarre phenomena dramatically ballooned atmosphere of Mars NASA tracks asteroids using its vast network of telescopes that includes powerful ones such as NEOWISE telescope, Pans-STARRS1, Catalina Sky Survey, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and more. (With inputs from agencies)

Bus-sized asteroid set to fly by Earth, says NASA

<p>The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably&nbsp;humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.'&nbsp;It is equipped with the&nbsp;tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach.</p>

<p>The James Webb, however, in no way diminishes importance and significance of good old Hubble Space Telescope which has loyally been bringing us space photos since early 90s.</p>

<p>Hubble Space Telescope is up and running again. It had experienced a glitch and went into 'safe mode' on November 19. But NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble has started doing what it has been doing best, focus its lenses at distant corners of the universe and bring us more insights.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China</strong></p>

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<p>The telescope went in safe mode last month after one of its gyros failed. The gyros are important pieces of machinery since they are part of the telescope's aiming and guidance system. Their function also helps Fine Guidance Sensors and Reaction Wheels.</p>

<p>NASA engineers quickly made repairs the next day but it failed again. As a result, operations of the space telescope stopped on November 21.</p>

<p><strong>Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-beginning-of-an-end-human-activity-on-moon-shows-sign-of-lunar-anthropocene-669613">Explained | Beginning of an end? Human activity on moon shows sign of 'Lunar Anthropocene'</a></strong></p>

<p>A repair was made to it, but a failure was again observed on November 23. The operations were then suspended till December 8.</p>

<p>But now, NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble Space Telescope started working again less than a week ago.</p>

<h2><strong>The Hubble legacy</strong></h2>

<p>Hubble Space Telescope, when it was launched in the 90s, was a huge leap in space exploration and study as humanity, for the first time the world had an actual telescope in space which was able to bypass problems faced by earth-based telescopes. Although we can observe the cosmos from Earth, the problems introduced by factors such as Earth's atmosphere and more, put constraints on our&nbsp;stargazing.</p>

<p><strong>Read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-what-causes-solar-storms-how-they-affect-earth-and-related-phenomenon-669635">Explained | What causes solar storms, how they affect Earth and related phenomenon</a></strong></p>

<p>Hubble in that respect has been invaluable. However, it has suffered numerous technical snafus over the years needing more than frequent repairs. Astronauts have also had to be sent to make&nbsp;some of these repairs manually. Nonetheless,&nbsp;Hubble Space Telescope remains an iconic symbol of human scientific achievement and a topic of sweet nostalgia.</p>


The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.' It is equipped with the tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach.

The James Webb Space Telescope is arguably humanity's latest and best 'eye in the sky.' It is equipped with the tech to glean corners of the universe hitherto out of our scientific reach. The James Webb, however, in no way diminishes importance and significance of good old Hubble Space Telescope which has loyally been bringing us space photos since early 90s. Hubble Space Telescope is up and running again. It had experienced a glitch and went into 'safe mode' on November 19. But NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble has started doing what it has been doing best, focus its lenses at distant corners of the universe and bring us more insights. Watch | NASA sidesteps ban by US, appeals researchers to gather moon samples from China × The telescope went in safe mode last month after one of its gyros failed. The gyros are important pieces of machinery since they are part of the telescope's aiming and guidance system. Their function also helps Fine Guidance Sensors and Reaction Wheels. NASA engineers quickly made repairs the next day but it failed again. As a result, operations of the space telescope stopped on November 21. Read: Explained | Beginning of an end? Human activity on moon shows sign of 'Lunar Anthropocene' A repair was made to it, but a failure was again observed on November 23. The operations were then suspended till December 8. But now, NASA has fixed the problem and Hubble Space Telescope started working again less than a week ago. The Hubble legacy Hubble Space Telescope, when it was launched in the 90s, was a huge leap in space exploration and study as humanity, for the first time the world had an actual telescope in space which was able to bypass problems faced by earth-based telescopes. Although we can observe the cosmos from Earth, the problems introduced by factors such as Earth's atmosphere and more, put constraints on our stargazing. Read: Explained | What causes solar storms, how they affect Earth and related phenomenon Hubble in that respect has been invaluable. However, it has suffered numerous technical snafus over the years needing more than frequent repairs. Astronauts have also had to be sent to make some of these repairs manually. Nonetheless, Hubble Space Telescope remains an iconic symbol of human scientific achievement and a topic of sweet nostalgia.

Trusty ol' Hubble Space Telescope is working again after NASA fixes problem

<p>NASA on Wednesday (Dec 13) announced that its Perseverance rover has completed the job that it was assigned to do when it landed on the planet Mars in February 2021. The basic task given to the robot was to conduct the survey of Jezero Crater, an ancient crater lake, and collect rocks which will help in their quest to find evidence for past life.</p>

<p>In a major conference held in San Francisco, the mission team said that the rover had accomplished this primary objective as it completed its 1000 Martian days.</p>

<p>"Marking its 1,000th Martian day on the Red Planet, NASA’s Perseverance rover recently completed its exploration of the ancient river delta that holds evidence of a lake that filled Jezero Crater billions of years ago. The six-wheeled scientist has to date collected a total of 23 samples, revealing the geologic history of this region of Mars in the process," stated NASA, in its media release.</p>

<p>"It's a pretty incredible achievement and we've done an amazing amount of science," NASA's director of planetary science Dr Lori Glaze said. However, the completion of the task did not mean that the Perseverance would park up and "switch off the engine".</p>

<p>However, the scientists are left with many challenges ahead, which include how the rock samples of the vehicle will be brought back to Earth so that they can be studied in the lab.</p>

<p>“We picked Jezero Crater as a landing site because orbital imagery showed a delta – clear evidence that a large lake once filled the crater. A lake is a potentially habitable environment, and delta rocks are a great environment for entombing signs of ancient life as fossils in the geologic record,” Perseverance’s project scientist Ken Farley of Caltech said. “After thorough exploration, we’ve pieced together the crater’s geologic history, charting its lake and river phase from beginning to end," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>NASA's exploration of the Jezero Crater</strong></h2>

<p>NASA will be entering into a partnership with the European Space Agency on a project around Jezero Crater, however, a review board is currently examining the technical solutions, time frame and cost and it will report early next year.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This would necessarily involve sending a rocket to Mars which will be loaded with the finger-sized samples which will be blasted into space for the journey home.</p>

<p>"It will be one of the most audacious robotic missions ever conducted," said Arizona State University's Dr Mini Wadhwa, who is the principal scientist on NASA's Mars Sample Return programme.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;</em></p>


NASA on Wednesday (Dec 13) announced that its Perseverance rover has completed the job that it was assigned to do when it landed on the planet Mars in February 2021.

NASA on Wednesday (Dec 13) announced that its Perseverance rover has completed the job that it was assigned to do when it landed on the planet Mars in February 2021. The basic task given to the robot was to conduct the survey of Jezero Crater, an ancient crater lake, and collect rocks which will help in their quest to find evidence for past life. In a major conference held in San Francisco, the mission team said that the rover had accomplished this primary objective as it completed its 1000 Martian days. "Marking its 1,000th Martian day on the Red Planet, NASA’s Perseverance rover recently completed its exploration of the ancient river delta that holds evidence of a lake that filled Jezero Crater billions of years ago. The six-wheeled scientist has to date collected a total of 23 samples, revealing the geologic history of this region of Mars in the process," stated NASA, in its media release. "It's a pretty incredible achievement and we've done an amazing amount of science," NASA's director of planetary science Dr Lori Glaze said. However, the completion of the task did not mean that the Perseverance would park up and "switch off the engine". However, the scientists are left with many challenges ahead, which include how the rock samples of the vehicle will be brought back to Earth so that they can be studied in the lab. “We picked Jezero Crater as a landing site because orbital imagery showed a delta – clear evidence that a large lake once filled the crater. A lake is a potentially habitable environment, and delta rocks are a great environment for entombing signs of ancient life as fossils in the geologic record,” Perseverance’s project scientist Ken Farley of Caltech said. “After thorough exploration, we’ve pieced together the crater’s geologic history, charting its lake and river phase from beginning to end," he added. NASA's exploration of the Jezero Crater NASA will be entering into a partnership with the European Space Agency on a project around Jezero Crater, however, a review board is currently examining the technical solutions, time frame and cost and it will report early next year. This would necessarily involve sending a rocket to Mars which will be loaded with the finger-sized samples which will be blasted into space for the journey home. "It will be one of the most audacious robotic missions ever conducted," said Arizona State University's Dr Mini Wadhwa, who is the principal scientist on NASA's Mars Sample Return programme. (With inputs from agencies)

Perseverance completes 1,000 days on Mars, decodes mystery of ancient crater lake

<p>Over a month after NASA unveiled the sample collected from asteroid Bennu, scientists have finally been able to take a closer look at the rock from outer space and they are stumped. Earlier this week, at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), researchers said that they have found that the sample contains a surprisingly rich array of carbon-bearing molecules.</p>

<h2><strong>‘Cauliflower-like texture’</strong></h2>

<p>“We definitely have hydrated, organic-rich remnants from the early solar system, which is exactly what we were hoping when we first conceived this mission almost 20 years ago,” said Dante Lauretta, the mission’s principal investigator and professor of planetary science and cosmochemistry at the University of Arizona, during the AGU.&nbsp;</p>

<p>He added, “I fully expect the cosmochemistry community is going to go to town on this.” Lauretta, as per Live Science, also spoke about how they have been able to retrieve only bits of the 3-billion-year-old asteroid from the outer lid of the sample capsule and described it as rich in carbon and organic molecules.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-to-unveil-fascinating-bennu-asteroid-sample-to-the-public-645380">NASA unveils sample from asteroid Bennu, says it contains abundant water and carbon</a></strong></p>

<p>The scientists have only been able to take a small part of the sample since the probe dug out so much material that particles began leaking out of the sample collector’s head, but the ones inside its outer lid were protected.</p>

<p>Therefore, while the researchers wait for approval to use new tools for use on the precious rocks, they are using tweezers to pick tiny rocks through the partially open flap and have collected 70.3 grams.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The team believes the container still holds an additional 30 grams to 70 grams of rock which will be extracted next year.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-nasa-fetches-celestial-cargo-to-earth-heres-why-bennu-asteroid-samples-matter-639472">Explained | NASA sends Bennu asteroid samples to Earth. Here's why the celestial cargo matters</a></strong></p>

<p>So far, they have found that the particles are very dark in colour and consist of centimetre- and millimetre-sized “hummocky boulders” that have a rough “cauliflower-like texture,” said Lauretta, adding that they “cling to everything we touch them with.”</p>

<h2>‘Largest pristine reservoir’</h2>

<p>Speaking at the conference, Lauretta also described the material as the “largest pristine reservoir of this material on Earth.” It is believed that the diversity of organic compounds that the extraterrestrial rock contains would help researchers understand the billions of years old complex space-based chemistry and if the origins of life on Earth can be traced back to it being hit by these asteroids.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to Lauretta, an initial analysis at the Carnegie Institution for Science suggests that the sample contains up to 4.7 per cent carbon by mass. Researchers also observed metre-long veins of white minerals which were initially thought to be calcium carbonate or limestone.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/unexpected-discovery-scientists-stumble-upon-dark-material-in-asteroid-sample-dropped-from-space-642898">Unexpected discovery: Scientists stumble upon dark material in asteroid sample dropped from space</a></strong></p>

<p>However, once placed under an electron microscope, the white material looked more like skin, according to the principal investigator. Researchers also shined a light on the white material and it reflected, which does not happen with calcium carbonate.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The team later not only found the signs of carbon and organic molecules but also magnesium, sodium, and phosphate. “I’ve been looking at meteorites for a long time and I’ve never come across anything like that,” said the University of Arizona professor.&nbsp;</p>

<p>He added, “It’s a head-scratcher right now. What is this material?” The researcher also highlighted an important early result based on the initial findings which indicate that overall composition closely resembles the ratio of elements seen in the Sun.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Over a month after NASA unveiled the sample collected from asteroid Bennu, scientists have finally been able to take a closer look at the rock from outer space and they are stumped.

Over a month after NASA unveiled the sample collected from asteroid Bennu, scientists have finally been able to take a closer look at the rock from outer space and they are stumped. Earlier this week, at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), researchers said that they have found that the sample contains a surprisingly rich array of carbon-bearing molecules. ‘Cauliflower-like texture’ “We definitely have hydrated, organic-rich remnants from the early solar system, which is exactly what we were hoping when we first conceived this mission almost 20 years ago,” said Dante Lauretta, the mission’s principal investigator and professor of planetary science and cosmochemistry at the University of Arizona, during the AGU. He added, “I fully expect the cosmochemistry community is going to go to town on this.” Lauretta, as per Live Science, also spoke about how they have been able to retrieve only bits of the 3-billion-year-old asteroid from the outer lid of the sample capsule and described it as rich in carbon and organic molecules. ALSO READ | NASA unveils sample from asteroid Bennu, says it contains abundant water and carbon The scientists have only been able to take a small part of the sample since the probe dug out so much material that particles began leaking out of the sample collector’s head, but the ones inside its outer lid were protected. Therefore, while the researchers wait for approval to use new tools for use on the precious rocks, they are using tweezers to pick tiny rocks through the partially open flap and have collected 70.3 grams. The team believes the container still holds an additional 30 grams to 70 grams of rock which will be extracted next year. ALSO READ | Explained | NASA sends Bennu asteroid samples to Earth. Here's why the celestial cargo matters So far, they have found that the particles are very dark in colour and consist of centimetre- and millimetre-sized “hummocky boulders” that have a rough “cauliflower-like texture,” said Lauretta, adding that they “cling to everything we touch them with.” ‘Largest pristine reservoir’ Speaking at the conference, Lauretta also described the material as the “largest pristine reservoir of this material on Earth.” It is believed that the diversity of organic compounds that the extraterrestrial rock contains would help researchers understand the billions of years old complex space-based chemistry and if the origins of life on Earth can be traced back to it being hit by these asteroids. According to Lauretta, an initial analysis at the Carnegie Institution for Science suggests that the sample contains up to 4.7 per cent carbon by mass. Researchers also observed metre-long veins of white minerals which were initially thought to be calcium carbonate or limestone. ALSO READ | Unexpected discovery: Scientists stumble upon dark material in asteroid sample dropped from space However, once placed under an electron microscope, the white material looked more like skin, according to the principal investigator. Researchers also shined a light on the white material and it reflected, which does not happen with calcium carbonate. The team later not only found the signs of carbon and organic molecules but also magnesium, sodium, and phosphate. “I’ve been looking at meteorites for a long time and I’ve never come across anything like that,” said the University of Arizona professor. He added, “It’s a head-scratcher right now. What is this material?” The researcher also highlighted an important early result based on the initial findings which indicate that overall composition closely resembles the ratio of elements seen in the Sun. (With inputs from agencies)

Bennu asteroid: Hummocky boulders with cauliflower-like texture in canister stump scientists

<p>Orion spacecraft, a key part of NASA’s Artemis I mission, made an iconic re-entry to&nbsp;Earth on Dec 11 last year. To mark the anniversary of this historic return, NASA released footage of the ship falling through the atmosphere at a whopping 32 times the speed of sound.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Orion was designed to take humans into deep space. It was launched using NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) on 16 Nov 2022.&nbsp;NASA paid a perfect tribute to the spacecraft by sharing the video of the fiery re-entry of the Orion capsule to Earth.</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">One year ago today, NASA’s Orion spacecraft reentered the atmosphere after completing a 1.4 million-mile, 25.5 day <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Artemis?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Artemis</a> I mission around the Moon. View the full length video here: <a href="https://t.co/0Rn7eRETua">https://t.co/0Rn7eRETua</a> <a href="https://t.co/gX95N8Kz5J">pic.twitter.com/gX95N8Kz5J</a></p>
— Orion Spacecraft (@NASA_Orion) <a href="https://twitter.com/NASA_Orion/status/1734325197145059632?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 11, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>NASA highlighted the amazing footage on Monday, Dec 11, posting a one-minute clip of it on social media X and also linked the full 25-minute re-entry video of the Orion.</p>

<h2><strong>Orion: Spacecraft of many firsts</strong></h2>

<p>Orion was sent into space for 25 days, six of which were in orbit around the moon. It reached a distance of 434,500 kilometres (270,000 miles) away, travelling further than any spacecraft designed for humans so far, before plunging into our atmosphere at around 40,000 kilometres per hour (25,000 miles per hour). Hence, it became the first spacecraft designed by humans to reach the farthest into space.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/colossal-tsunami-waves-of-92-feet-to-strike-new-zealand-every-580-years-study-669092">New Zealand at risk of tsunami waves as high as 92 feet every 580 years: Study</a></p>

<p>Another first for Orion was its epic re-entry to Earth. It became the first spaceship designed for humans to attempt a “skip” re-entry, bouncing off the atmosphere like an incredibly expensive stone on a lake. This approach helped the craft land consistently at the same site, despite where it first entered the Earth’s atmosphere. Orion’s method of re-entry will play a pivotal role in the Artemis II mission.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“The skip entry will help Orion land closer to the coast of the United States, where recovery crews will be waiting to bring the spacecraft back to land,” Chris Madsen, Orion guidance, navigation, and control subsystem manager, explained in a statement ahead of the launch.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/brainoware-this-happened-when-scientists-combined-real-human-brain-tissue-with-electronics-668968">Brainoware: This happened when scientists combined real human brain tissue with electronics</a></p>

<p>“When we fly crew in Orion beginning with Artemis II, landing accuracy will help make sure we can retrieve the crew quickly and reduces the number of resources we will need to have stationed in the Pacific Ocean to assist in recovery.”</p>

<p>NASA is now gearing up for the Artemis II mission, which will be the first-ever crewed flight aboard the Orion spacecraft, scheduled to be launched in Nov 2024.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;</em></p>


Orion spacecraft, a key part of NASA’s Artemis I mission, made an iconic re-entry to Earth on Dec 11 last year. To mark the anniversary of this historic return, NASA released footage of the ship falling through the atmosphere at a whopping 32 times the speed of sound.

Orion spacecraft, a key part of NASA’s Artemis I mission, made an iconic re-entry to Earth on Dec 11 last year. To mark the anniversary of this historic return, NASA released footage of the ship falling through the atmosphere at a whopping 32 times the speed of sound. Orion was designed to take humans into deep space. It was launched using NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) on 16 Nov 2022. NASA paid a perfect tribute to the spacecraft by sharing the video of the fiery re-entry of the Orion capsule to Earth. One year ago today, NASA’s Orion spacecraft reentered the atmosphere after completing a 1.4 million-mile, 25.5 day #Artemis I mission around the Moon. View the full length video here: https://t.co/0Rn7eRETua pic.twitter.com/gX95N8Kz5J — Orion Spacecraft (@NASA_Orion) December 11, 2023 × NASA highlighted the amazing footage on Monday, Dec 11, posting a one-minute clip of it on social media X and also linked the full 25-minute re-entry video of the Orion. Orion: Spacecraft of many firsts Orion was sent into space for 25 days, six of which were in orbit around the moon. It reached a distance of 434,500 kilometres (270,000 miles) away, travelling further than any spacecraft designed for humans so far, before plunging into our atmosphere at around 40,000 kilometres per hour (25,000 miles per hour). Hence, it became the first spacecraft designed by humans to reach the farthest into space. Also Read | New Zealand at risk of tsunami waves as high as 92 feet every 580 years: Study Another first for Orion was its epic re-entry to Earth. It became the first spaceship designed for humans to attempt a “skip” re-entry, bouncing off the atmosphere like an incredibly expensive stone on a lake. This approach helped the craft land consistently at the same site, despite where it first entered the Earth’s atmosphere. Orion’s method of re-entry will play a pivotal role in the Artemis II mission. “The skip entry will help Orion land closer to the coast of the United States, where recovery crews will be waiting to bring the spacecraft back to land,” Chris Madsen, Orion guidance, navigation, and control subsystem manager, explained in a statement ahead of the launch. Also Read | Brainoware: This happened when scientists combined real human brain tissue with electronics “When we fly crew in Orion beginning with Artemis II, landing accuracy will help make sure we can retrieve the crew quickly and reduces the number of resources we will need to have stationed in the Pacific Ocean to assist in recovery.” NASA is now gearing up for the Artemis II mission, which will be the first-ever crewed flight aboard the Orion spacecraft, scheduled to be launched in Nov 2024. (With inputs from agencies)

Watch | NASA video shows Orion re-entering Earth at 32 times the speed of sound

<p>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the space probe Voyager 1 in 1977 to study the outer Solar System, the interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere.&nbsp;</p>

<p>No spacecraft has travelled as far as Voyager 1, which is still collecting data. But sadly, it is unable to dial back home because of a glitch.</p>

<p>The spacecraft and its twin, Voyager 2, are the two longest-operating spacecraft in history. It's like a cosmic version of a song by Adele when she sang 'Hello from the other side. I must've called a thousand times...'&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-perseverance-rover-decodes-martian-lakes-ancient-history-after-spending-1000-martian-days-669370">NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after spending 1000 Martian days</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p>In a blog post, NASA wrote that engineers and other experts are working to resolve an issue with one of Voyager 1's three onboard computers, called the flight data system (FDS).&nbsp;</p>

<p>When it works properly, the FDS works on compiling information into a data package. It collects data from the science instruments as well as engineering data about the health and status of the spacecraft.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Once compiled, the data is then transmitted back to Earth using the telecommunications unit (TMU).&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-puzzle-out-how-atmospheric-green-ghosts-are-formed-669203">How are atmospheric 'green ghosts' formed? We might finally have an answer</a>&nbsp;</strong></p>

<p>The blog post said that the spacecraft is receiving and executing commands sent from Earth; however, the FDS is not communicating properly with one of the probe's subsystems, called the TMU. As a result, no science or engineering data is being sent back to Earth.</p>

<p>It said that the 46-year-old spacecraft is capable of receiving commands, but a fault appears to have occurred with the probe's processors.&nbsp;</p>

<p>NASA said that the data is in the form of ones and zeros (or binary code). "Varying combinations of the two numbers are the basis of all computer language," it said.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>When the issue will be resolved?</strong>&nbsp;</h2>

<p>As per the NASA blog post, it could take several weeks for engineers to develop a new plan to remedy the issue.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Finding solutions to problems encountered by the probes requires reading original, decades-old materials written by engineers. It is assumed that the experts may not even anticipate the issue faced by the probe today.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"As a result, it takes time for the team to understand how a new command will affect the spacecraft’s operations in order to avoid unintended consequences," NASA said.&nbsp;</p>


The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the space probe Voyager 1 in 1977 to study the outer Solar System, the interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the space probe Voyager 1 in 1977 to study the outer Solar System, the interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere. No spacecraft has travelled as far as Voyager 1, which is still collecting data. But sadly, it is unable to dial back home because of a glitch. The spacecraft and its twin, Voyager 2, are the two longest-operating spacecraft in history. It's like a cosmic version of a song by Adele when she sang 'Hello from the other side. I must've called a thousand times...' Also read: NASA's Perseverance rover decodes Martian lake's ancient history after spending 1000 Martian days In a blog post, NASA wrote that engineers and other experts are working to resolve an issue with one of Voyager 1's three onboard computers, called the flight data system (FDS). When it works properly, the FDS works on compiling information into a data package. It collects data from the science instruments as well as engineering data about the health and status of the spacecraft. Once compiled, the data is then transmitted back to Earth using the telecommunications unit (TMU). Also read: How are atmospheric 'green ghosts' formed? We might finally have an answer The blog post said that the spacecraft is receiving and executing commands sent from Earth; however, the FDS is not communicating properly with one of the probe's subsystems, called the TMU. As a result, no science or engineering data is being sent back to Earth. It said that the 46-year-old spacecraft is capable of receiving commands, but a fault appears to have occurred with the probe's processors. NASA said that the data is in the form of ones and zeros (or binary code). "Varying combinations of the two numbers are the basis of all computer language," it said. When the issue will be resolved? As per the NASA blog post, it could take several weeks for engineers to develop a new plan to remedy the issue. Finding solutions to problems encountered by the probes requires reading original, decades-old materials written by engineers. It is assumed that the experts may not even anticipate the issue faced by the probe today. "As a result, it takes time for the team to understand how a new command will affect the spacecraft’s operations in order to avoid unintended consequences," NASA said.

'Hello from the other side': NASA's Voyager 1 faces glitch in interstellar space, can't call back home

<p>NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope captured a stunning new image of a&nbsp;star that exploded in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A). The image was released by the American space agency to showcase the “Magic, Wonder, and Joy” of the holiday season, as a part of the first-ever White House Advent Calendar which was unveiled by Dr Jill Biden, NASA said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Cas A is one of the most well-studied supernova remnants in the cosmos, with multiple telescopes over the years piecing the multiwavelength picture of the object’s remnant. The new image shows the intricate details of the expanding material colliding with the gas shed by the star before it exploded.</p>

<h2><strong>About the new image</strong></h2>

<p>Since infrared is invisible to our eyes, image processors and scientists translate these wavelengths of light which make it visible to us. This was also the case with the new image of Cas A where colours were assigned to different filters from NIRCam, each of which hinted at a different activity occurring within the object.</p>

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<p>“With NIRCam’s resolution, we can now see how the dying star absolutely shattered when it exploded, leaving filaments akin to tiny shards of glass behind,” said Danny Milisavljevic of Purdue University, who leads the research team, in a statement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>He added, “It’s really unbelievable after all these years studying Cas A to now resolve those details, which are providing us with transformational insight into how this star exploded.”</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/space-gas-stations-american-startup-aims-to-revolutionise-space-technology-668508">Space gas stations: American startup aims to revolutionise space technology</a></strong></p>

<p>According to NASA, one of the most noticeable differences in the newest image are clumps represented in bright orange and light pink which make up the inner shell of the supernova remnant.&nbsp;</p>

<p><img alt="1" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="53e1faa9-1733-4451-8871-671894aa744c" src="//cdn.wionews.com/sites/default/files/inline-images/WION%20IMAGES%21%20-%202023-12-12T093405.613.png" /><br />
<em><strong>Photo credit:&nbsp;NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Danny Milisavljevic (Purdue University), Ilse De Looze (UGent), Tea Temim (Princeton University)</strong></em></p>

<p>However, some debris is too tiny even for the Webb since they are around or less than 10 billion miles across when compared to the entirety of Cas A which is around 10 light-years across, or 60 trillion miles.&nbsp;</p>


NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope captured a stunning new image of a star that exploded in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A). The image was released by the American space agency to showcase the “Magic, Wonder, and Joy” of the holiday season, as a part of the first-ever White House Advent Calendar which was unveiled by Dr Jill Biden, NASA said.

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope captured a stunning new image of a star that exploded in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A). The image was released by the American space agency to showcase the “Magic, Wonder, and Joy” of the holiday season, as a part of the first-ever White House Advent Calendar which was unveiled by Dr Jill Biden, NASA said. Cas A is one of the most well-studied supernova remnants in the cosmos, with multiple telescopes over the years piecing the multiwavelength picture of the object’s remnant. The new image shows the intricate details of the expanding material colliding with the gas shed by the star before it exploded. About the new image Since infrared is invisible to our eyes, image processors and scientists translate these wavelengths of light which make it visible to us. This was also the case with the new image of Cas A where colours were assigned to different filters from NIRCam, each of which hinted at a different activity occurring within the object. ALSO READ | 12-billion-year-old and largest reservoir of water found floating around black hole “With NIRCam’s resolution, we can now see how the dying star absolutely shattered when it exploded, leaving filaments akin to tiny shards of glass behind,” said Danny Milisavljevic of Purdue University, who leads the research team, in a statement. He added, “It’s really unbelievable after all these years studying Cas A to now resolve those details, which are providing us with transformational insight into how this star exploded.” ALSO READ | Space gas stations: American startup aims to revolutionise space technology According to NASA, one of the most noticeable differences in the newest image are clumps represented in bright orange and light pink which make up the inner shell of the supernova remnant. Photo credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Danny Milisavljevic (Purdue University), Ilse De Looze (UGent), Tea Temim (Princeton University) However, some debris is too tiny even for the Webb since they are around or less than 10 billion miles across when compared to the entirety of Cas A which is around 10 light-years across, or 60 trillion miles.

James Webb captures smashing images of a star that exploded

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