The Taliban Ministry of higher education has now ordered private universities to not allow its female students to take University level entrance examinations. Highlighting its policy of restricting women from attaining higher education, a letter from the ministry addressing institutions in the northern provinces of Afghanistan including Kabul say that institutions which will not observe the rules would face legal action.

Afghanistan: Taliban underscores its resistance against women's education

People with poor literacy face more mental health problems such as loneliness, depression and anxiety, according to a review of studies which used data from nine countries, including India. The research, published in the journal Mental Health and Social Inclusion, is the first to look at the global picture of literacy and mental health.

The researchers from the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the UK found that little or no literacy disproportionately affects women, who account for two-thirds of the world’s illiterate.

“Despite rising literacy rates over the past 50 years, there are still an estimated 773 million adults globally who can’t read or write,” said Bonnie Teague from UEA’s Norwich Medical School.

“Literacy rates are lower in developing countries and those with a history of conflict, and women are disproportionately affected,” Teague said.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-got-ultra-dry-skin-use-hyaluronic-acid-to-get-smooth-and-supple-skin-this-winter-554931">Got ultra dry skin? Use hyaluronic acid to achieve smooth and supple skin this winter</a>

The researchers noted that people with more literacy tend to have better social outcomes in terms of things like finding employment, being paid well, and being able to afford better food and housing.

Not being able to read or write holds a person back throughout their life and they often become trapped in poverty or more likely to commit crimes, they said.

“We also know that lower literacy is related to poorer health, chronic diseases and shorter life expectancy,” Teague said.

“There has been some research examining the potential association between literacy and mental health but this is the first study looking at the issue on a global scale,” he added.

The team reviewed data from 19 studies that measured both literacy and mental health. These studies took place across nine different countries — US, China, Nepal, Thailand, Iran, India, Ghana, Pakistan, and Brazil, and involved almost two million participants.

The researchers used information relating to mental health and literacy to assess the globally reported relationship between these two factors.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-resorts-for-rabbits-this-country-has-luxury-hotels-for-bunnies-555233">Resorts for rabbits? This country has luxury hotels for bunnies</a>

They found a significant association between literacy and mental health outcomes across multiple countries.

“People with lower literacy had greater mental health difficulties such as anxiety and depression,” said Lucy Hunn, who completed the review as part of her Doctorate in clinical psychology training at UEA.

“We can’t say for sure that poor literacy causes poor mental health, but there is a strong association,” Hunn said.

The researchers noted that there may be multiple factors impacting mental health which also impact literacy such as poverty or living in an area with a history of conflict.

However, the data suggests that even in these places, worse mental health is seen for those without literacy skills, they added.

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People with poor literacy face more mental health problems such as loneliness, depression and anxiety, according to a review of studies which used data from nine countries, including India.

People with poor literacy face more mental health problems such as loneliness, depression and anxiety, according to a review of studies which used data from nine countries, including India. The research, published in the journal Mental Health and Social Inclusion, is the first to look at the global picture of literacy and mental health. The researchers from the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the UK found that little or no literacy disproportionately affects women, who account for two-thirds of the world’s illiterate. “Despite rising literacy rates over the past 50 years, there are still an estimated 773 million adults globally who can’t read or write,” said Bonnie Teague from UEA’s Norwich Medical School. “Literacy rates are lower in developing countries and those with a history of conflict, and women are disproportionately affected,” Teague said. Also read: Got ultra dry skin? Use hyaluronic acid to achieve smooth and supple skin this winter The researchers noted that people with more literacy tend to have better social outcomes in terms of things like finding employment, being paid well, and being able to afford better food and housing. Not being able to read or write holds a person back throughout their life and they often become trapped in poverty or more likely to commit crimes, they said. “We also know that lower literacy is related to poorer health, chronic diseases and shorter life expectancy,” Teague said. “There has been some research examining the potential association between literacy and mental health but this is the first study looking at the issue on a global scale,” he added. The team reviewed data from 19 studies that measured both literacy and mental health. These studies took place across nine different countries — US, China, Nepal, Thailand, Iran, India, Ghana, Pakistan, and Brazil, and involved almost two million participants. The researchers used information relating to mental health and literacy to assess the globally reported relationship between these two factors. Also read: Resorts for rabbits? This country has luxury hotels for bunnies They found a significant association between literacy and mental health outcomes across multiple countries. “People with lower literacy had greater mental health difficulties such as anxiety and depression,” said Lucy Hunn, who completed the review as part of her Doctorate in clinical psychology training at UEA. “We can’t say for sure that poor literacy causes poor mental health, but there is a strong association,” Hunn said. The researchers noted that there may be multiple factors impacting mental health which also impact literacy such as poverty or living in an area with a history of conflict. However, the data suggests that even in these places, worse mental health is seen for those without literacy skills, they added. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Poor literacy linked to worse mental health problems: Study

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) and other Indian academia have to make a major contribution in emerging countries by focusing on providing free education and low-cost certification in technical courses, said representatives of academia and research groups.

They were referring to the&nbsp;National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL), which&nbsp;has the world's largest online repository of courses in basic sciences, engineering, humanities, and social sciences subjects.

Created by seven IITs and the Indian Institute of Science, the NPTEL has over 56,000 hours of video content and is said to be the most accessed library of peer-reviewed educational content in the world.&nbsp;Since 2014,&nbsp;NPTEL has been offering open online courses, along with certificates from the IITs/IISc for those who successfully complete the course. The courses are free for enrolment and learning, however,&nbsp; the certification examination conducted upon course completion is optional and has a fee.

Prof. Subash S,&nbsp;faculty&nbsp;of Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Madras, explained to WION that the massively open online courses (MOOC) model can be replicated in the global south. "Open platforms built by academia can enhance the skill of the aspirants who haven't been able to make it to top institutions or afford an education there. It not only up-skills the youth, but also makes them future-ready," he said.&nbsp;

Dr&nbsp;Seshadri Chari, member of&nbsp;Governing Board and Governing Council, RIS, told WION that India has missed the bus during the first, second, and third iterations of the Industrial Revolution and that the country is better poised to handle the Fourth Industrial Revolution. He attributed this statement to the changes in academic curricula, emphasis on research than mere theory, and the scaling up of institutions focused on technology, life sciences, medical research etc.&nbsp;

He reasoned that the startups and Micro Small &amp; Medium Industries are getting strengthened and growing in numbers, and openng&nbsp;up vast opportunities for those graduating from IITs and academia. Regarding India's ability to contribute to emerging nations, he said that India promotes the idea of development partnership (as opposed to development aid) and is a participant in the growth of other countries, and can help create a combination of skill and wealth.

As part of the 'G20 University Connect' Lecture Series, members of the academia and researchers had addressed school and college students from across backgrounds&nbsp;at the IIT-Madras campus in Chennai. They had explained the significance of India having assumed the presidency of the G20 this year and the impact that it would have. The students were also sensitised about the processes involved and how youth could contribute to the larger efforts.&nbsp;

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The Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) and other Indian academia have to make a major contribution in emerging countries by focusing on providing free education and low-cost certification in technical courses, said representatives of academia and research groups.

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) and other Indian academia have to make a major contribution in emerging countries by focusing on providing free education and low-cost certification in technical courses, said representatives of academia and research groups. They were referring to the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL), which has the world's largest online repository of courses in basic sciences, engineering, humanities, and social sciences subjects. Created by seven IITs and the Indian Institute of Science, the NPTEL has over 56,000 hours of video content and is said to be the most accessed library of peer-reviewed educational content in the world. Since 2014, NPTEL has been offering open online courses, along with certificates from the IITs/IISc for those who successfully complete the course. The courses are free for enrolment and learning, however, the certification examination conducted upon course completion is optional and has a fee. Prof. Subash S, faculty of Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Madras, explained to WION that the massively open online courses (MOOC) model can be replicated in the global south. "Open platforms built by academia can enhance the skill of the aspirants who haven't been able to make it to top institutions or afford an education there. It not only up-skills the youth, but also makes them future-ready," he said. Dr Seshadri Chari, member of Governing Board and Governing Council, RIS, told WION that India has missed the bus during the first, second, and third iterations of the Industrial Revolution and that the country is better poised to handle the Fourth Industrial Revolution. He attributed this statement to the changes in academic curricula, emphasis on research than mere theory, and the scaling up of institutions focused on technology, life sciences, medical research etc. He reasoned that the startups and Micro Small & Medium Industries are getting strengthened and growing in numbers, and openng up vast opportunities for those graduating from IITs and academia. Regarding India's ability to contribute to emerging nations, he said that India promotes the idea of development partnership (as opposed to development aid) and is a participant in the growth of other countries, and can help create a combination of skill and wealth. As part of the 'G20 University Connect' Lecture Series, members of the academia and researchers had addressed school and college students from across backgrounds at the IIT-Madras campus in Chennai. They had explained the significance of India having assumed the presidency of the G20 this year and the impact that it would have. The students were also sensitised about the processes involved and how youth could contribute to the larger efforts. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

IITs, Indian academia can offer open-source online education to G20 emerging nations, say experts

A new study has revealed that a certain class of antidepressants can make patients emotionally "blunt" or dull.&nbsp;

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which happen to be the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, target serotonin or the "feel-good" chemical that as per scientists appears to affect mood, emotions, appetite, and digestion.&nbsp;

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The joint study by the University of Copenhagen and the University of Cambridge involved 66 healthy volunteers, who were "semi-randomised to receive either 20 mg of escitalopram (a first-line antidepressant) or placebo, balanced for age, sex and intelligence quotient (IQ) for at least 21 days."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hormone-replacement-therapy-may-help-reduce-risk-of-alzheimers-disease-in-women-study-552570">Hormone replacement therapy may help reduce risk of Alzheimer’s disease in women: Study</a>

32 patients received escitalopram while 36 were given the placebo. It found that the drug reduced "reinforcement sensitivity" compared to the placebo.&nbsp;

This reinforcement sensitivity theory proposes that there are three brain-behavioural systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment, and motivation. So, what the drugs did was reduce these behavioural systems and essentially "blunt" a person's ability to modify their behaviours according to the stimuli.

Professor Barbara Sahakian, of the University of Cambridge, who is a senior author of the study says that SSRIs "take away some of the emotional pain that people who experience depression feel, but, unfortunately, it seems that they also take away some of the enjoyment."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-highlights-risks-of-mental-health-outcomes-in-people-with-covid-19-454764">Study highlights risks of mental health outcomes in people with COVID-19</a>

"Emotional blunting" has long been a side-effect reported by patients who have been prescribed anti-depressants, with around 40-60 per cent experiencing a detachment from the things they once used to enjoy. It is estimated that globally, around a hundred million suffer from mental health disorders like depression, and most of them are prescribed SSRIs. As per NHS data, between 2021-22, in just England, around 8.3 million patients were prescribed these antidepressants,

(With inputs from agencies)

If you or someone you know wants help for mental well being, don't hesitate to talk to a professional. Aasra (Mumbai) 022-27546669, 98204 66726, Sneha (Chennai) 044-24640050, Sumaitri (Delhi) 011-23389090, Cooj (Goa) 0832- 2252525, Jeevan (Jamshedpur) 065-76453841, Pratheeksha (Kochi) 048-42448830, Maithri (Kochi) 0484-2540530, Roshni (Hyderabad) 040-66202000, Lifeline 033-64643267 (Kolkata), Parivarthan (Bangalore) +91 76766 02602

WION is not associated with any of these organisations and does not make any recommendations.

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A new study has revealed that a certain class of antidepressants can make patients emotionally "blunt" or dull. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which happen to be the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, target serotonin or the "feel-good" chemical that as per scientists appears to affect mood, emotions, appetite, and digestion.

A new study has revealed that a certain class of antidepressants can make patients emotionally "blunt" or dull. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which happen to be the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, target serotonin or the "feel-good" chemical that as per scientists appears to affect mood, emotions, appetite, and digestion. Watch | Gravitas Plus: A silent Pandemic The joint study by the University of Copenhagen and the University of Cambridge involved 66 healthy volunteers, who were "semi-randomised to receive either 20 mg of escitalopram (a first-line antidepressant) or placebo, balanced for age, sex and intelligence quotient (IQ) for at least 21 days." Also read | Hormone replacement therapy may help reduce risk of Alzheimer’s disease in women: Study 32 patients received escitalopram while 36 were given the placebo. It found that the drug reduced "reinforcement sensitivity" compared to the placebo. This reinforcement sensitivity theory proposes that there are three brain-behavioural systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment, and motivation. So, what the drugs did was reduce these behavioural systems and essentially "blunt" a person's ability to modify their behaviours according to the stimuli. Professor Barbara Sahakian, of the University of Cambridge, who is a senior author of the study says that SSRIs "take away some of the emotional pain that people who experience depression feel, but, unfortunately, it seems that they also take away some of the enjoyment." Also read | Study highlights risks of mental health outcomes in people with COVID-19 "Emotional blunting" has long been a side-effect reported by patients who have been prescribed anti-depressants, with around 40-60 per cent experiencing a detachment from the things they once used to enjoy. It is estimated that globally, around a hundred million suffer from mental health disorders like depression, and most of them are prescribed SSRIs. As per NHS data, between 2021-22, in just England, around 8.3 million patients were prescribed these antidepressants, (With inputs from agencies) If you or someone you know wants help for mental well being, don't hesitate to talk to a professional. Aasra (Mumbai) 022-27546669, 98204 66726, Sneha (Chennai) 044-24640050, Sumaitri (Delhi) 011-23389090, Cooj (Goa) 0832- 2252525, Jeevan (Jamshedpur) 065-76453841, Pratheeksha (Kochi) 048-42448830, Maithri (Kochi) 0484-2540530, Roshni (Hyderabad) 040-66202000, Lifeline 033-64643267 (Kolkata), Parivarthan (Bangalore) +91 76766 02602 WION is not associated with any of these organisations and does not make any recommendations. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Study reveals the relationship between antidepressants and 'emotional blunting'

Military veterans in the United States can now avail of free treatment when stuck in an “acute suicidal crisis”. Free treatment, including inpatient care of up to 30 days, and outpatient care of up to 90 days will now be available to them.

The mental health care plan was announced by the Department of Veterans. Announcing the move on Friday, Secretary for Veterans Affairs (VA) Denis McDonough in a statement that is available on the VA website said, “Veterans in suicidal crisis can now receive the free, world-class emergency health care they deserve–no matter where they need it, when they need it, or whether they’re enrolled in VA care.”&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;A silent Pandemic

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“This expansion of care will save Veterans’ lives, and there’s nothing more important than that,” he added.

As per the release, the care can be availed in both VA and non-VA healthcare facilities, and even those veterans that are not enrolled in the VA system can avail of the benefit.

Veterans who were discharged from the military after a minimum of two years of service are eligible for this care facility. However, those who were dishonourably discharged are not eligible.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/mental-health-matters-what-is-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-477702">Mental health matters: What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?</a>

Additionally, “former members of the armed forces, including reserve service members, who served more than 100 days under a combat exclusion or in support of a contingency operation either directly or by operating an unmanned aerial vehicle from another location who was discharged under conditions other than dishonourable,”&nbsp;can also avail the suicide care.

The policy will also apply to veterans who suffered “a physical assault of a sexual nature, a battery of a sexual nature, or sexual harassment while serving in the armed forces”.

According to the release statement, the policy will pay directly or reimburse treatment costs of eligible veterans.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/over-50-per-cent-of-trans-and-non-binary-youth-in-us-considered-suicide-says-survey-543991">Over 50% of trans and non-binary youth in US considered suicide in 2022, reveals survey</a>

The move is reportedly a key part of the Joe Biden- Kamala Harris administration plan for reducing military and veteran suicides.&nbsp;

Every year, hundreds of veterans haunted by their time in the army, suffering from mental health issues like PTSD, take their own lives. Suicide, as per a VA report, is the 13th leading cause of death among former army personnel. As per the report, in 2020, 6,146 US veterans died by suicide. Another report, this one by the US Defence Department, shows that in 2021, 519 US service members, including active duty, Reserve, and National Guard troops, died by suicide.

(With inputs from agencies)

If you or someone you know wants help for mental well-being, don't hesitate to talk to a professional. Aasra (Mumbai) 022-27546669, 98204 66726, Sneha (Chennai) 044-24640050, Sumaitri (Delhi) 011-23389090, Cooj (Goa) 0832- 2252525, Jeevan (Jamshedpur) 065-76453841, Pratheeksha (Kochi) 048-42448830, Maithri (Kochi) 0484-2540530, Roshni (Hyderabad) 040-66202000, Lifeline 033-64643267 (Kolkata), Parivarthan (Bangalore) +91 76766 02602

WION is not associated with any of these organisations and does not make any recommendations.

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Military veterans in the United States can now avail of free treatment when stuck in an “acute suicidal crisis”. Free treatment, including inpatient care of up to 30 days, and outpatient care of up to 90 days will now be available to them.

Military veterans in the United States can now avail of free treatment when stuck in an “acute suicidal crisis”. Free treatment, including inpatient care of up to 30 days, and outpatient care of up to 90 days will now be available to them. The mental health care plan was announced by the Department of Veterans. Announcing the move on Friday, Secretary for Veterans Affairs (VA) Denis McDonough in a statement that is available on the VA website said, “Veterans in suicidal crisis can now receive the free, world-class emergency health care they deserve–no matter where they need it, when they need it, or whether they’re enrolled in VA care.” Watch | A silent Pandemic “This expansion of care will save Veterans’ lives, and there’s nothing more important than that,” he added. As per the release, the care can be availed in both VA and non-VA healthcare facilities, and even those veterans that are not enrolled in the VA system can avail of the benefit. Veterans who were discharged from the military after a minimum of two years of service are eligible for this care facility. However, those who were dishonourably discharged are not eligible. Also read | Mental health matters: What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)? Additionally, “former members of the armed forces, including reserve service members, who served more than 100 days under a combat exclusion or in support of a contingency operation either directly or by operating an unmanned aerial vehicle from another location who was discharged under conditions other than dishonourable,” can also avail the suicide care. The policy will also apply to veterans who suffered “a physical assault of a sexual nature, a battery of a sexual nature, or sexual harassment while serving in the armed forces”. According to the release statement, the policy will pay directly or reimburse treatment costs of eligible veterans. Also read | Over 50% of trans and non-binary youth in US considered suicide in 2022, reveals survey The move is reportedly a key part of the Joe Biden- Kamala Harris administration plan for reducing military and veteran suicides. Every year, hundreds of veterans haunted by their time in the army, suffering from mental health issues like PTSD, take their own lives. Suicide, as per a VA report, is the 13th leading cause of death among former army personnel. As per the report, in 2020, 6,146 US veterans died by suicide. Another report, this one by the US Defence Department, shows that in 2021, 519 US service members, including active duty, Reserve, and National Guard troops, died by suicide. (With inputs from agencies) If you or someone you know wants help for mental well-being, don't hesitate to talk to a professional. Aasra (Mumbai) 022-27546669, 98204 66726, Sneha (Chennai) 044-24640050, Sumaitri (Delhi) 011-23389090, Cooj (Goa) 0832- 2252525, Jeevan (Jamshedpur) 065-76453841, Pratheeksha (Kochi) 048-42448830, Maithri (Kochi) 0484-2540530, Roshni (Hyderabad) 040-66202000, Lifeline 033-64643267 (Kolkata), Parivarthan (Bangalore) +91 76766 02602 WION is not associated with any of these organisations and does not make any recommendations. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

US army veterans can now avail free 'suicide help'

The Jammu and Kashmir government has decided to bear the educational expenses of the children of&nbsp;police personnel killed in militancy-related incidents in the Union territory. The educational expense includes monthly school fees, transport charges as well as the annual uniform expense. However, It will only be applicable to the first two children of those police personnel who laid their lives in militancy-related incidents and encounters.

''The Government shall reimburse the expenditure towards monthly fee, transportation charges (up to a maximum ceiling of Rs 3,000 per child per month), one-time annual uniform charges (up to a maximum ceiling of Rs 10,000 per child per year) and one-time expenditure on books (only textbooks prescribed by the respective Boards) if any, up to class 12* in any School (both government and private), within the territorial jurisdiction of the Union territory of J&amp;K.'' said the government order.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-bengaluru-metro-pillar-comes-crashing-killing-mother-toddler-son-bmrcl-orders-enquiry-551105">India: Bengaluru Metro pillar comes crashing killing mother, toddler son; BMRCL orders inquiry</a>

The Jammu and Kashmir Government has said that the schools would require to be duly recognised by the government and affiliated with the J&amp;K Board of School Education/Central Board of School Education or any other registered board in India. For those&nbsp;who are enrolled in private schools, the government said that the private Schools shall treat these students as part of admission under EWS and reimbursements will be made accordingly.

The guardians of these children will have to register with the concerned district SP. The payments shall be made to the legal guardian (whoever incurs such expenditure on the wards) by the concerned District Superintendent of Police on the production of valid proof of guardianship by the legal guardian.

In case there is any dispute about the children of a particular martyr having varying guardians e.g., one child living with their mother and the other with his family, the reimbursement shall be made to both the guardians on an actual basis, however, on the production of separate guardianship certificate to be issued by the concerned school authority.

''The reimbursement on account of the monthly fee, and transport charges, shall be made on a quarterly basis by the concerned District Superintendent of Police, (on the production of relevant vouchers), where the family of the martyr ordinarily resides. While the reimbursement on account of the expenditure incurred on uniforms and books shall be reimbursed in the month of April every year subject to the ceiling and condition mentioned in paragraph&nbsp;1,'' said the order.

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The government order also said that this arrangement shall be deemed to come into force fully for the year 2022-2023, besides the pending claim of Rs 15.22 lakh for the year 2019-20, 2020-21, and 2021-22 shall be reimbursed, subject to the mentioned stipulations.

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The Jammu and Kashmir government has decided to bear the educational expenses of the children of police personnel killed in militancy-related incidents in the Union territory.

The Jammu and Kashmir government has decided to bear the educational expenses of the children of police personnel killed in militancy-related incidents in the Union territory. The educational expense includes monthly school fees, transport charges as well as the annual uniform expense. However, It will only be applicable to the first two children of those police personnel who laid their lives in militancy-related incidents and encounters. ''The Government shall reimburse the expenditure towards monthly fee, transportation charges (up to a maximum ceiling of Rs 3,000 per child per month), one-time annual uniform charges (up to a maximum ceiling of Rs 10,000 per child per year) and one-time expenditure on books (only textbooks prescribed by the respective Boards) if any, up to class 12* in any School (both government and private), within the territorial jurisdiction of the Union territory of J&K.'' said the government order. Also read | India: Bengaluru Metro pillar comes crashing killing mother, toddler son; BMRCL orders inquiry The Jammu and Kashmir Government has said that the schools would require to be duly recognised by the government and affiliated with the J&K Board of School Education/Central Board of School Education or any other registered board in India. For those who are enrolled in private schools, the government said that the private Schools shall treat these students as part of admission under EWS and reimbursements will be made accordingly. The guardians of these children will have to register with the concerned district SP. The payments shall be made to the legal guardian (whoever incurs such expenditure on the wards) by the concerned District Superintendent of Police on the production of valid proof of guardianship by the legal guardian. In case there is any dispute about the children of a particular martyr having varying guardians e.g., one child living with their mother and the other with his family, the reimbursement shall be made to both the guardians on an actual basis, however, on the production of separate guardianship certificate to be issued by the concerned school authority. ''The reimbursement on account of the monthly fee, and transport charges, shall be made on a quarterly basis by the concerned District Superintendent of Police, (on the production of relevant vouchers), where the family of the martyr ordinarily resides. While the reimbursement on account of the expenditure incurred on uniforms and books shall be reimbursed in the month of April every year subject to the ceiling and condition mentioned in paragraph 1,'' said the order. Also watch | Ex-Tata Cliq CEO Vikas Purohit takes charge as Meta's new global head in India The government order also said that this arrangement shall be deemed to come into force fully for the year 2022-2023, besides the pending claim of Rs 15.22 lakh for the year 2019-20, 2020-21, and 2021-22 shall be reimbursed, subject to the mentioned stipulations. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

India: J&K gov't promises free education to children of martyred police officers

The US, UK and UN have criticised the Taliban's ban on Afghanistan women from universities. The Taliban have banned female students from private and public universities in Afghanistan. Girls are already banned from secondary school education in the country.

US, UK and UN criticise the Taliban's ban on Afghan women from universities

Afghanistan’s Taliban government banned women from attending university, disregarding warnings from the US and inflicting yet another blow to half its population’s educational rights.

Taliban bans women from universities in Afghanistan

You would think that well-qualified MPs would score high on standardised tests taken by 10-year-old school children, however, a mock exam conducted at an event in UK's Westminster proved otherwise.&nbsp;At the event organised by More Than A Score, a campaign that advocated for the scrapping of unnecessary tests, an MP sitting for a year six SAT exam actually scored less than Britain's average 10-year-olds.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/florida-beach-chucks-up-a-weird-80-feet-object-what-it-is-remains-a-mystery-540812">Florida beach chucks up a weird 80 feet object, what it is remains 'a mystery'</a>

Guardian reports that in the test undertaken by Commons education select committee, chair Robin Walker and other MPs only 44 per cent of the "class" of parliamentarians scored the expected standard score in maths, while about 50 per cent scored the standard in English grammar, punctuation and spelling.

This is far below what the children achieve; this year as per Times, 71 per cent of 10 and 11-year-olds across the country reached the expected standard in maths, while 72 per cent got the expected score in English grammar, punctuation and spelling.&nbsp;

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This morning I did my Maths and Grammar SAT exams with <a href="https://twitter.com/MoreThanScore?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@MoreThanScore</a> under the same conditions that our Year 6 children experience - invigilated by the children themselves! 
👩‍🎓📝<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BSSI?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BSSI</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/MoreThanAScore?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#MoreThanAScore</a> <a href="https://t.co/dvZX68SaQi">pic.twitter.com/dvZX68SaQi</a>
— Emma Lewell-Buck MP (@EmmaLewellBuck) <a href="https://twitter.com/EmmaLewellBuck/status/1600150887522975745?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 6, 2022</a></blockquote>
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The pressure in the room is palpable as MPs sit the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SATs?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#SATs</a> exam in Westminster under the exact conditions Year 6’s experience <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BSSI?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BSSI</a> <a href="https://t.co/j5u5yhlpm1">pic.twitter.com/j5u5yhlpm1</a>
— More Than A Score (@MoreThanScore) <a href="https://twitter.com/MoreThanScore/status/1600081187543793664?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 6, 2022</a></blockquote>
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In 2019, the last time this test was conducted, a higher number of students; 65 per cent achieved the expected score.

The aim of the More Than A Score event was to make politicians realise that the high-pressure exams "only judge schools but do not help children’s learning".

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/uk-festive-travel-set-to-take-a-hit-amid-planned-rail-strikes-in-december-540854">UK festive travel set to take a hit amid planned rail strikes in December</a>

While the campaign may not have successfully convinced MPs about altogether scrapping the tests, it did make them acknowledge the sheer pressure these young children face.

Robin Walker, the new chair of the education select committee, as per Guardian, acknowledged that reform is needed.

However, the politician said that while reform is needed "there will always be a place for testing but that cannot be the be-all and end-all to accessing the most opportunity. Ultimately, it’s not just about testing but it’s how we develop their love of reading."

(With inputs from agencies)

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You would think that well-qualified MPs would score high on standardised tests taken by 10-year-old school children, however, a mock exam conducted at an event in UK's Westminster proved otherwise.

You would think that well-qualified MPs would score high on standardised tests taken by 10-year-old school children, however, a mock exam conducted at an event in UK's Westminster proved otherwise. At the event organised by More Than A Score, a campaign that advocated for the scrapping of unnecessary tests, an MP sitting for a year six SAT exam actually scored less than Britain's average 10-year-olds. Also read | Florida beach chucks up a weird 80 feet object, what it is remains 'a mystery' Guardian reports that in the test undertaken by Commons education select committee, chair Robin Walker and other MPs only 44 per cent of the "class" of parliamentarians scored the expected standard score in maths, while about 50 per cent scored the standard in English grammar, punctuation and spelling. This is far below what the children achieve; this year as per Times, 71 per cent of 10 and 11-year-olds across the country reached the expected standard in maths, while 72 per cent got the expected score in English grammar, punctuation and spelling. This morning I did my Maths and Grammar SAT exams with @MoreThanScore under the same conditions that our Year 6 children experience - invigilated by the children themselves! 👩‍🎓📝#BSSI #MoreThanAScore pic.twitter.com/dvZX68SaQi — Emma Lewell-Buck MP (@EmmaLewellBuck) December 6, 2022 × The pressure in the room is palpable as MPs sit the #SATs exam in Westminster under the exact conditions Year 6’s experience #BSSI pic.twitter.com/j5u5yhlpm1 — More Than A Score (@MoreThanScore) December 6, 2022 × In 2019, the last time this test was conducted, a higher number of students; 65 per cent achieved the expected score. The aim of the More Than A Score event was to make politicians realise that the high-pressure exams "only judge schools but do not help children’s learning". Also read | UK festive travel set to take a hit amid planned rail strikes in December While the campaign may not have successfully convinced MPs about altogether scrapping the tests, it did make them acknowledge the sheer pressure these young children face. Robin Walker, the new chair of the education select committee, as per Guardian, acknowledged that reform is needed. However, the politician said that while reform is needed "there will always be a place for testing but that cannot be the be-all and end-all to accessing the most opportunity. Ultimately, it’s not just about testing but it’s how we develop their love of reading." (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Exams 'do not help children’s learning': UK MPs score lower than the average 10-year-old

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa is facing a possible impeachment threat over the "Farmgate" scandal. In the latest update, Ramaphosa delayed a scheduled appearance in parliament to answer questions from lawmakers. Watch this video to know more.

‘Farmgate’ Corruption Scandal: Ramaphosa delays parliament appearance

Mahatma Gandhi made a 'historic appearance' at the United Nations, where he spoke on the value of education as the organisation marked the International Day of Non-Violence to commemorate the anniversary of the founding father of the country.

The General Assembly's decision in June 2007 created the International Day of Nonviolence. The occasion presents an opportunity to "disseminate the message of non-violence, including through education and public awareness."

Gandhi's life-size hologram was on display for the occasion at the UN's New York headquarters on Friday during a panel discussion. The event was organised by the UNESCO Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development and India's Permanent Mission to the UN (MGIEP).

"Join us today for 5th Ahinsa/#NonViolence Lecture in Commemoration of #InternationalDayOfNonviolence featuring a life-size hologram of #MahatmaGandhi," tweeted Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj of India, who is also the permanent representative of India to the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/live-putin-set-to-officially-annex-occupied-ukrainian-regions-at-official-event-today-521193">UN</a>.

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Join us today for 5th Ahinsa/<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NonViolence?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NonViolence</a> Lecture in Commemoration of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/InternationalDayOfNonviolence?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#InternationalDayOfNonviolence</a> featuring life-size hologram of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/MahatmaGandhi?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#MahatmaGandhi</a> 
 
Panelist: 
➡️ Princess <a href="https://twitter.com/GKRHayu?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@GKRHayu</a> 
➡️ <a href="https://twitter.com/BerniceKing?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@BerniceKing</a>, CEO <a href="https://twitter.com/TheKingCenter?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@TheKingCenter</a> 
➡️ <a href="https://twitter.com/akduraiappah?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@akduraiappah</a>, Dir <a href="https://twitter.com/UNESCO_MGIEP?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@UNESCO_MGIEP</a> 
 
📺: <a href="https://t.co/lQ1BI504ra">https://t.co/lQ1BI504ra</a> <a href="https://t.co/pJkLQIHLuw">pic.twitter.com/pJkLQIHLuw</a>
— Ruchira Kamboj (@ruchirakamboj) <a href="https://twitter.com/ruchirakamboj/status/1575831344310931458?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 30, 2022</a></blockquote>
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The discussion's focus was "Education for Human Flourishing," and it was moderated by Anantha Duraiappah, director of the UNESCO MGIEP. The CEO of The King Center in Atlanta, Bernice King, the Permanent Representative of India to the UN, Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj, and Princess Hayu of Indonesia, a champion of digital education change and a youth representative, all took part in the panel discussion.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/putin-accuses-west-of-nord-stream-blasts-measuring-23-and-21-on-richter-scale-521258">Putin blames West for Nord Stream blasts measuring 2.3 and 2.1 on Richter scale</a>

Gandhi's hologram made three appearances throughout the panel discussion, delivering his message about education while standing and while seated.

“Literacy is not the end of education or even the beginning. By education, I mean an all-around drawing out of the best in the child and the man, body, mind and spirit. By spiritual training, I mean education of the heart."

“We assess the value of education in the same manner as we assess the value of land or shares in the <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/live-updates-global-recession-fears-china-debt-default-looms-520949">stock market</a>. We want to provide only such education as would enable the student to earn more."

"We hardly give any thought to the improvement of the character of the educated. The schools and colleges are really a factory of turning out clerks for the government. On the contrary, real education consists in drawing the best out of yourself. What better book can there be than the book of humanity," the Gandhi hologram said.

In 2019, the MGIEP collaborated with the director of the Mahatma Gandhi Digital Museum in Hyderabad, Birad Yajnik, to develop a dialogue with a hologram of Gandhi. This was the second iteration of the Gandhi hologram in 4k.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Mahatma Gandhi made a 'historic appearance' at the United Nations, where he spoke on the value of education as the organisation marked the International Day of Non-Violence to commemorate the anniversary of the founding father of the country.

Mahatma Gandhi made a 'historic appearance' at the United Nations, where he spoke on the value of education as the organisation marked the International Day of Non-Violence to commemorate the anniversary of the founding father of the country. The General Assembly's decision in June 2007 created the International Day of Nonviolence. The occasion presents an opportunity to "disseminate the message of non-violence, including through education and public awareness." Gandhi's life-size hologram was on display for the occasion at the UN's New York headquarters on Friday during a panel discussion. The event was organised by the UNESCO Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development and India's Permanent Mission to the UN (MGIEP). "Join us today for 5th Ahinsa/#NonViolence Lecture in Commemoration of #InternationalDayOfNonviolence featuring a life-size hologram of #MahatmaGandhi," tweeted Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj of India, who is also the permanent representative of India to the UN. Join us today for 5th Ahinsa/#NonViolence Lecture in Commemoration of #InternationalDayOfNonviolence featuring life-size hologram of #MahatmaGandhi Panelist: ➡️ Princess @GKRHayu ➡️ @BerniceKing, CEO @TheKingCenter ➡️ @akduraiappah, Dir @UNESCO_MGIEP 📺: https://t.co/lQ1BI504ra pic.twitter.com/pJkLQIHLuw — Ruchira Kamboj (@ruchirakamboj) September 30, 2022 × The discussion's focus was "Education for Human Flourishing," and it was moderated by Anantha Duraiappah, director of the UNESCO MGIEP. The CEO of The King Center in Atlanta, Bernice King, the Permanent Representative of India to the UN, Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj, and Princess Hayu of Indonesia, a champion of digital education change and a youth representative, all took part in the panel discussion. Also read | Putin blames West for Nord Stream blasts measuring 2.3 and 2.1 on Richter scale Gandhi's hologram made three appearances throughout the panel discussion, delivering his message about education while standing and while seated. “Literacy is not the end of education or even the beginning. By education, I mean an all-around drawing out of the best in the child and the man, body, mind and spirit. By spiritual training, I mean education of the heart." “We assess the value of education in the same manner as we assess the value of land or shares in the stock market. We want to provide only such education as would enable the student to earn more." "We hardly give any thought to the improvement of the character of the educated. The schools and colleges are really a factory of turning out clerks for the government. On the contrary, real education consists in drawing the best out of yourself. What better book can there be than the book of humanity," the Gandhi hologram said. In 2019, the MGIEP collaborated with the director of the Mahatma Gandhi Digital Museum in Hyderabad, Birad Yajnik, to develop a dialogue with a hologram of Gandhi. This was the second iteration of the Gandhi hologram in 4k. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

In a first, 'Mahatma Gandhi' makes a special appearance at the UN, stresses on education

Another suicide attack rocks Afghanistan. The attack took place at an education institute in the Afghan capital Kabul killed at least 19 people and wounded dozens but there was no immediate claim of responsibility for the blast.

Afghanistan: Education centre comes under attack in Kabul, no group has claimed responsibility yet

From Pakistan to Ukraine to Venezuela to vast stretches of sub-Saharan Africa, rising crises and climate disasters are taking an added toll on the most vulnerable -- children deprived of&nbsp;school.

"It is horrendous, and it's hard to imagine," said Yasmine Sherif, head of Education Cannot Wait, a&nbsp;UN&nbsp;fund that focuses on education in&nbsp;crisis&nbsp;zones.

"They've lost everything, and on top of it, they have lost their access to a quality education," she said in a recent interview.

Sherif spoke to AFP ahead of a&nbsp;UN&nbsp;summit on the education&nbsp;crisis&nbsp;to take place Monday, a day before the annual General Assembly.

The&nbsp;UN&nbsp;fund estimates that 222 million children around the world have seen their education disrupted by conflict or climate-related disasters, including nearly 80 million who never set foot in&nbsp;school.

Since 2016, Education Cannot Wait has raised more than $1 billion to build&nbsp;schools&nbsp;and buy educational materials as well as provide daily meals and offer psychological services. The aid helps nearly seven million children in 32 countries.&nbsp;

But Sherif said that the urgency of the situation required much bigger efforts.

"If we are going to meet the needs, we have to think in completely different terms today," she said. "We are speaking billions and billions here, not&nbsp;millions" of dollars.

Following the&nbsp;UN&nbsp;summit, Sherif is organizing a conference in Geneva in February where the fund will seek a further $1.5 billion with a goal of reaching an additional 20 million children.

Some Western nations spend $10,000 per year on educating a child. If children in conflict&nbsp;zones&nbsp;receive $150 each, "you can see the extreme divide," said Sherif, who is Swedish.

In some conflict&nbsp;zones,&nbsp;schools&nbsp;have been destroyed, in what Sherif denounced as war crimes, while others, in violation of international law, have been turned into weapons depots.

Elsewhere, physical danger or the gradual unraveling of infrastructure and public services have shut down education, which Sherif said should be a lifeline for the world's young.

"What we offer is a tool, a hope, an empowerment, to resist those forces in a conflict and, through their own means, be able to rise out of those ashes," she said.

The lack of education has real and immediate consequences. Children sometimes end up on the streets, facing threats of violence, human trafficking, recruitment by armed groups or, for girls, forced marriage.

"They've seen their villages burned down, they've seen their parents be executed, they have been subjected to violence. The only thing left for them is, 'If I can get an education, I can rise up out of this and make a difference in my life,'" Sherif said.

"We're taking away that very last piece of hope, unless we provide them with an education."

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From Pakistan to Ukraine to Venezuela to vast stretches of sub-Saharan Africa, rising crises and climate disasters are taking an added toll on the most vulnerable -- children deprived of school.

From Pakistan to Ukraine to Venezuela to vast stretches of sub-Saharan Africa, rising crises and climate disasters are taking an added toll on the most vulnerable -- children deprived of school. "It is horrendous, and it's hard to imagine," said Yasmine Sherif, head of Education Cannot Wait, a UN fund that focuses on education in crisis zones. "They've lost everything, and on top of it, they have lost their access to a quality education," she said in a recent interview. Sherif spoke to AFP ahead of a UN summit on the education crisis to take place Monday, a day before the annual General Assembly. The UN fund estimates that 222 million children around the world have seen their education disrupted by conflict or climate-related disasters, including nearly 80 million who never set foot in school. Since 2016, Education Cannot Wait has raised more than $1 billion to build schools and buy educational materials as well as provide daily meals and offer psychological services. The aid helps nearly seven million children in 32 countries. But Sherif said that the urgency of the situation required much bigger efforts. "If we are going to meet the needs, we have to think in completely different terms today," she said. "We are speaking billions and billions here, not millions" of dollars. Following the UN summit, Sherif is organizing a conference in Geneva in February where the fund will seek a further $1.5 billion with a goal of reaching an additional 20 million children. Some Western nations spend $10,000 per year on educating a child. If children in conflict zones receive $150 each, "you can see the extreme divide," said Sherif, who is Swedish. In some conflict zones, schools have been destroyed, in what Sherif denounced as war crimes, while others, in violation of international law, have been turned into weapons depots. Elsewhere, physical danger or the gradual unraveling of infrastructure and public services have shut down education, which Sherif said should be a lifeline for the world's young. "What we offer is a tool, a hope, an empowerment, to resist those forces in a conflict and, through their own means, be able to rise out of those ashes," she said. The lack of education has real and immediate consequences. Children sometimes end up on the streets, facing threats of violence, human trafficking, recruitment by armed groups or, for girls, forced marriage. "They've seen their villages burned down, they've seen their parents be executed, they have been subjected to violence. The only thing left for them is, 'If I can get an education, I can rise up out of this and make a difference in my life,'" Sherif said. "We're taking away that very last piece of hope, unless we provide them with an education." WATCH WION LIVE HERE

In crisis zones, an urgent UN push to put millions in school

Education is a significant and intrinsic part of our lives. Parents begin to worry about their children's education and careers when they are three years old. Education empowers a child with knowledge and learning skills. It also develops a child’s capabilities and helps in bringing out a flourishing personality. It adds value to his/her morale and cultural ethics. It assists them in concentrating and focusing on better avenues of life. An opportunity to become educated strengthened the setup of a dynamic world.

It not only generates a sense of accomplishment but also infuses a feeling of encouragement and motivation to spread awareness about its surroundings. The development of an infant to an adult turns out to be the most syndicated and comprehensive idea to propagate literacy in this world of chaos.

A phenomenon of learning new ways for subject-oriented projects is a concept of defining your idea of existence on this earthly plane. Moreover, with the ongoing policies and government schemes for imparting training in knowledge to young minds, it can be asserted that the present scenario is moving towards progression and modernism. The adaption of historically Thomas Macaulay’s education system has turned out to be a blessing, and Gandhi’s talim system largely contributed towards the upliftment of good accessibility of understanding among the educated yet liberal approaches.

Without a doubt, learning literacy scholarships is the only way to achieve the ultimate awakening of understanding the rational logic around you. It can tutor you in becoming a self-trainer so that a guiding light can show you a rightly chosen path.

Nonetheless, a disciplined attitude to prove your worth in a specific setting of this multicultural and diverse world is a source of cultivating personality development and drilling improvement.

&nbsp;In the present scenario, according to the National Statistical Commission of India, the literacy rate stood at 77 per cent&nbsp;in 2017-18. Males make up 84.7 per cent&nbsp;of the population, while females make up 70 per cent. Ignorance of learning and schooling can lead to frustration and low self-esteem. As per a report, India has the largest proportion of illiterate adults, which is 287 million, or 37 per cent.

If we go by the latest reports, Human Resource Development's new schemes regarding the education sector are appalling as they show no coherent approach. It shows that the basic requirements of an education system are decided based on capabilities that necessitate the allocation of the right attitude in the mind of a child. Indeed, it’s a well-thought plan to encourage the suitable idea of propagating a unified approach through individual efforts.

Be it five-year plans or seven-year plan, an improvement in the education sector is a powerful weapon to move toward self-fulfillment and self-sufficiency. Furthermore, the plan to curtail the adversaries is an assertive idea, but at the same time, the uncertainties should be kept in mind while dreaming of a new world of unified educated Indians.

The basic challenges are as follows:&nbsp;

School dropouts: Generally, the 2020-21 report by the Unified District Information System for Education, showed the annual dropout rate of secondary school students was 14.6 per cent. On the other hand, at the primary level, the dropout rate was&nbsp;0.8 per cent. So, overall, this is a&nbsp;commendable effort made by the government.

&nbsp;But at the same time, the rate also stated in the report a depressive thought of not attending school. As per an economic survey, the pandemic has also hit schools in rural and urban areas, which has resulted in high dropout rates in the schools. The dropout rate has increased due to the massive digital divide. The enrolment dropped from 135 million in 2012-13 to 122 million&nbsp;in 2019-20 at the primary level because of a lower enrolment of children in the 6-10 age group. This is one of the challenges that are present in front of the government.

Pandemic:&nbsp;Believe it or not, the fear of a pandemic is still not over. No matter how many booster doses and vaccines are administered, there is still hope of living a balanced life. But still, the latest statistics haven't shown a good picture of the world. A kind of uncertainty is still looming over the minds of many people, and that has become a hindrance to proving themselves as physically secure people. Indeed, they’ve resumed their work, but again, it seems a momentary development that is questioning the relevance of education while fighting the odds.

According to the latest Union Health Ministry report, India’s active caseload of COVID-19 cases stands at 101K. The active cases comprise 0.23 per cent of the total infections, while the national recovery rate stands at 98.58 per cent. India so far has reported 13,272 new cases and 36 deaths in the last 24 hours. Therefore, it shows that the pandemic has created havoc in terms of human extinction.

Epidemic:&nbsp;The sudden outbreak of the epidemic of MonkeyPox has again questioned the community population. Already, the coronavirus caused havoc in society, calling into question the relevance of the current global system, which includes education. Furthermore, the question of living on Earth has suddenly become a farce, as it only instills a sense of insecurity and uncertainty.No matter whether a person is heading to school or at a workplace, a mental imbalance has been created which is only questionable.

Health &amp; Hygiene:&nbsp;According to UNICEF India, nearly 22 per cent&nbsp;of Indian schools lacked appropriate toilets for girls, and 58 per cent of preschools lacked all toilets. Nearly 56 per cent of preschools had no water available on the premises. Even though the benchmark achievement through Swachch Vidyalaya Puraskar is commendable in some places, efforts should be proactively diverted towards this issue within the stipulated time.

Minority Development:&nbsp;&nbsp;A slight focus should also be given to the development of children from the minority section of society.&nbsp;According to the Sachar Committee Report, one-fourth of the Muslim children in the age group of 6–14 years of age are either dropouts or matriculated. For the children above the age of 17, the educational qualification of Muslims at matriculation is 17 per cent as against the national average of 26 per cent.

In conclusion, it can be said that the entire education system of India is progressive and high-spirited, which allows every individual to establish themselves as literate citizen of society. Indeed, the elephant-sized challenges are only testing the tolerance, patience, and capabilities of defining their overall governance in India. However, the key to establishing itself as a fully capable government is by accepting the testing times of challenges fearlessly and getting confirmed seats for the coming elections.

&nbsp;

Education is a significant and intrinsic part of our lives. Parents begin to worry about their children's education and careers when they are three years old. Education empowers a child with knowledge and learning skills.

Education is a significant and intrinsic part of our lives. Parents begin to worry about their children's education and careers when they are three years old. Education empowers a child with knowledge and learning skills. It also develops a child’s capabilities and helps in bringing out a flourishing personality. It adds value to his/her morale and cultural ethics. It assists them in concentrating and focusing on better avenues of life. An opportunity to become educated strengthened the setup of a dynamic world. It not only generates a sense of accomplishment but also infuses a feeling of encouragement and motivation to spread awareness about its surroundings. The development of an infant to an adult turns out to be the most syndicated and comprehensive idea to propagate literacy in this world of chaos. A phenomenon of learning new ways for subject-oriented projects is a concept of defining your idea of existence on this earthly plane. Moreover, with the ongoing policies and government schemes for imparting training in knowledge to young minds, it can be asserted that the present scenario is moving towards progression and modernism. The adaption of historically Thomas Macaulay’s education system has turned out to be a blessing, and Gandhi’s talim system largely contributed towards the upliftment of good accessibility of understanding among the educated yet liberal approaches. Without a doubt, learning literacy scholarships is the only way to achieve the ultimate awakening of understanding the rational logic around you. It can tutor you in becoming a self-trainer so that a guiding light can show you a rightly chosen path. Nonetheless, a disciplined attitude to prove your worth in a specific setting of this multicultural and diverse world is a source of cultivating personality development and drilling improvement. In the present scenario, according to the National Statistical Commission of India, the literacy rate stood at 77 per cent in 2017-18. Males make up 84.7 per cent of the population, while females make up 70 per cent. Ignorance of learning and schooling can lead to frustration and low self-esteem. As per a report, India has the largest proportion of illiterate adults, which is 287 million, or 37 per cent. If we go by the latest reports, Human Resource Development's new schemes regarding the education sector are appalling as they show no coherent approach. It shows that the basic requirements of an education system are decided based on capabilities that necessitate the allocation of the right attitude in the mind of a child. Indeed, it’s a well-thought plan to encourage the suitable idea of propagating a unified approach through individual efforts. Be it five-year plans or seven-year plan, an improvement in the education sector is a powerful weapon to move toward self-fulfillment and self-sufficiency. Furthermore, the plan to curtail the adversaries is an assertive idea, but at the same time, the uncertainties should be kept in mind while dreaming of a new world of unified educated Indians. The basic challenges are as follows: School dropouts: Generally, the 2020-21 report by the Unified District Information System for Education, showed the annual dropout rate of secondary school students was 14.6 per cent. On the other hand, at the primary level, the dropout rate was 0.8 per cent. So, overall, this is a commendable effort made by the government. But at the same time, the rate also stated in the report a depressive thought of not attending school. As per an economic survey, the pandemic has also hit schools in rural and urban areas, which has resulted in high dropout rates in the schools. The dropout rate has increased due to the massive digital divide. The enrolment dropped from 135 million in 2012-13 to 122 million in 2019-20 at the primary level because of a lower enrolment of children in the 6-10 age group. This is one of the challenges that are present in front of the government. Pandemic: Believe it or not, the fear of a pandemic is still not over. No matter how many booster doses and vaccines are administered, there is still hope of living a balanced life. But still, the latest statistics haven't shown a good picture of the world. A kind of uncertainty is still looming over the minds of many people, and that has become a hindrance to proving themselves as physically secure people. Indeed, they’ve resumed their work, but again, it seems a momentary development that is questioning the relevance of education while fighting the odds. According to the latest Union Health Ministry report, India’s active caseload of COVID-19 cases stands at 101K. The active cases comprise 0.23 per cent of the total infections, while the national recovery rate stands at 98.58 per cent. India so far has reported 13,272 new cases and 36 deaths in the last 24 hours. Therefore, it shows that the pandemic has created havoc in terms of human extinction. Epidemic: The sudden outbreak of the epidemic of MonkeyPox has again questioned the community population. Already, the coronavirus caused havoc in society, calling into question the relevance of the current global system, which includes education. Furthermore, the question of living on Earth has suddenly become a farce, as it only instills a sense of insecurity and uncertainty.No matter whether a person is heading to school or at a workplace, a mental imbalance has been created which is only questionable. Health & Hygiene: According to UNICEF India, nearly 22 per cent of Indian schools lacked appropriate toilets for girls, and 58 per cent of preschools lacked all toilets. Nearly 56 per cent of preschools had no water available on the premises. Even though the benchmark achievement through Swachch Vidyalaya Puraskar is commendable in some places, efforts should be proactively diverted towards this issue within the stipulated time. Minority Development: A slight focus should also be given to the development of children from the minority section of society. According to the Sachar Committee Report, one-fourth of the Muslim children in the age group of 6–14 years of age are either dropouts or matriculated. For the children above the age of 17, the educational qualification of Muslims at matriculation is 17 per cent as against the national average of 26 per cent. In conclusion, it can be said that the entire education system of India is progressive and high-spirited, which allows every individual to establish themselves as literate citizen of society. Indeed, the elephant-sized challenges are only testing the tolerance, patience, and capabilities of defining their overall governance in India. However, the key to establishing itself as a fully capable government is by accepting the testing times of challenges fearlessly and getting confirmed seats for the coming elections.

What challenges affect education in India?

The latest edition of the United States News and World report has sparked a heated debate in the higher education world. The latest ratings were called into question after the publication demoted Columbia university to number 18 from number 2.

US News & World report college ranking under scrutiny; Columbia admits to providing faulty data

Dozens of children from a nomadic village in Chad were given a rare opportunity for their education as they sat crammed together on mats in an open-air school and watched as their teacher wrote simple sums.

According to the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs, as of 2018, less than 1 per cent&nbsp;of nomad males and 0 per cent of&nbsp;nomad females were enrolled in school.

Seeing kids playing at a nomad camp in Toukra during regular school hours in 2019, Leonard Gmaigue was motivated to establish a mobile school. The 28-year-old recalled the instance that he had nothing when they officially started.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/chad-signs-peace-pact-with-rebels-but-main-insurgents-stay-out-504930">Also&nbsp;read |&nbsp;Chad signs peace pact with rebels, but main insurgents stay out</a>

Gmaigue said that almost three years after, owing to contributions, his school relocates with the community every two months or so, and currently has 69 students of varied ages. Saying with pride he said, "They had never been to school before, none of them ... today they can already write their names correctly, express themselves in French, do sums," Reuters reported.

Not only does he teach, but he has also learned many nomadic lifestyles, such as how to conserve water, eat a high milk diet, and become accustomed to pacing up and moving the school.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/chad-peace-talks-start-in-qatar-461910">Also read |&nbsp;Chad peace talks start in Qatar</a>

Ousmane Brahmin, a camp leader, said, "We rejoice in the creation of this modest school for ... our children, who are making progress despite our difficult living conditions," Reuters reported.

As Brahim said, "We nomads did not know the importance of schooling, but nowadays we are beginning to understand its importance for ourselves and for our country."

Chad, one of the world's poorest nations, with a population of 16 million people, where 7 per cent are nomads, has had an incompatible education.

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Dozens of children from a nomadic village in Chad were given a rare opportunity for their education as they sat crammed together on mats in an open-air school and watched as their teacher wrote simple sums.

Dozens of children from a nomadic village in Chad were given a rare opportunity for their education as they sat crammed together on mats in an open-air school and watched as their teacher wrote simple sums. According to the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs, as of 2018, less than 1 per cent of nomad males and 0 per cent of nomad females were enrolled in school. Seeing kids playing at a nomad camp in Toukra during regular school hours in 2019, Leonard Gmaigue was motivated to establish a mobile school. The 28-year-old recalled the instance that he had nothing when they officially started. Also read | Chad signs peace pact with rebels, but main insurgents stay out Gmaigue said that almost three years after, owing to contributions, his school relocates with the community every two months or so, and currently has 69 students of varied ages. Saying with pride he said, "They had never been to school before, none of them ... today they can already write their names correctly, express themselves in French, do sums," Reuters reported. Not only does he teach, but he has also learned many nomadic lifestyles, such as how to conserve water, eat a high milk diet, and become accustomed to pacing up and moving the school. Also read | Chad peace talks start in Qatar Ousmane Brahmin, a camp leader, said, "We rejoice in the creation of this modest school for ... our children, who are making progress despite our difficult living conditions," Reuters reported. As Brahim said, "We nomads did not know the importance of schooling, but nowadays we are beginning to understand its importance for ourselves and for our country." Chad, one of the world's poorest nations, with a population of 16 million people, where 7 per cent are nomads, has had an incompatible education. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Chad: Mobile school brings hope to nomad children 

In a rather welcome move to make higher education accessible to all, New jersey's Princeton University earlier this week announced that students whose parents earn less than $100,000 per year will have to no longer pay any expenses to attend college.

In a rather welcome move to make higher education accessible to all, New jersey's Princeton University earlier this week announced that students whose parents earn less than $100,000 per year will have to no longer pay any expenses to attend college. The move is aimed at increasing the 'socioeconomic diversity' of the Ivy League campus, according to the school administrators. Princeton University, whose notable alumni include Former First lady Michelle Obama, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, and Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor amongst others will no longer accept any payment from students belonging to the aforementioned income bracket. The move is expected to help over 25 per cent of the university's undergraduates. Reportedly, over 1,500 students will receive full financial aid that covers their tuition, room, and board expenses. "One of Princeton's defining values is our commitment to ensure that talented students from all backgrounds can not only afford a Princeton education but can flourish on our campus and in the world beyond it," stated Christopher L. Eisgruber, Princeton's president. Read more: US Supreme Court permits Jewish university to temporarily deny recognition to LGBTQ students It is pertinent to note that earlier only families earning less than $65,000 used to receive full financial aid coverage. In addition to lowering the ceiling for availing financial help, the University has also done away with the annual student contribution. Under this contribution, students were expected to pay a portion of tuition and expenses with their own savings and on-campus work. Instead, students will have increased financial aid for books and other personal allowance, "These improvements to our aid packages, made possible by the sustained generosity of our alumni and friends, will enhance the experiences of students during their time at Princeton and their choices and impact after they graduate." President Eisgruber further added. Read more: Indian-origin Laxman Narasimhan becomes new Starbucks CEO - Everything you need to know The Ivy League colleges in the USA are one of the most sought-after educational institutions across the globe. Millions of students apply for enrolment every year. However, despite clearing the initial hurdles, many are not able to afford the sky-high price of attending these schools. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Princeton University to be free for students whose families earn less than $100,000

An Orthodox Jewish university in New York was given temporary permission by the US Supreme Court to deny official recognition to an LGBTQ student group on Friday (September 9).

This permission comes after the university appealed to the court for an expedited ruling after a New York judge ordered the university to permit the Pride Alliance to form a student group, allowing them access to all services and facilities in the institute.

The university, in a statement, said, "As a deeply religious Jewish university, Yeshiva cannot comply with that order because doing so would violate its sincere religious beliefs about how to form its undergraduate students in Torah values," AFP reported.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/twitter-failed-to-curb-monkeypox-hate-speech-aimed-at-lgbtq-community-says-study-510379">Also read |&nbsp;Twitter failed to curb monkeypox hate speech aimed at LGBTQ community, says study</a>

In response to this statement, the Pride Group argued that the university also teaches various subjects other than religion and also has non-Jewish students. The group&nbsp;further added, "It may not deny certain students access to the non-religious resources it offers the entire student community on the basis of sexual orientation," AFP reported.

The group was formed in 2018 to hold meetings, organise lectures and participate in activities, and applied for its official recognition as a student group.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-marriage-to-the-death-penalty-lgbtq-rights-across-the-globe-509186">Also read |&nbsp;From marriage to death penalty: LGBTQIA rights across the globe</a>

The university, which was founded more than 100 years ago to promote Judaism, also offers varying degrees in fields that are not related to religion, like biology and accounting.

The Supreme Court suspended the judge's ruling with a 6-3 consecutive majority after the university's request. The court did not specify any reasoning or votes cast, as the decision was declared in emergency cases.

The US Supreme Court has made some favourable decisions for the LGBTQ&nbsp;community in recent months.

(With inputs from agencies)

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&nbsp;

An Orthodox Jewish university in New York was given temporary permission by the US Supreme Court to deny official recognition to an LGBTQ student group on Friday (September 9).

An Orthodox Jewish university in New York was given temporary permission by the US Supreme Court to deny official recognition to an LGBTQ student group on Friday (September 9). This permission comes after the university appealed to the court for an expedited ruling after a New York judge ordered the university to permit the Pride Alliance to form a student group, allowing them access to all services and facilities in the institute. The university, in a statement, said, "As a deeply religious Jewish university, Yeshiva cannot comply with that order because doing so would violate its sincere religious beliefs about how to form its undergraduate students in Torah values," AFP reported. Also read | Twitter failed to curb monkeypox hate speech aimed at LGBTQ community, says study In response to this statement, the Pride Group argued that the university also teaches various subjects other than religion and also has non-Jewish students. The group further added, "It may not deny certain students access to the non-religious resources it offers the entire student community on the basis of sexual orientation," AFP reported. The group was formed in 2018 to hold meetings, organise lectures and participate in activities, and applied for its official recognition as a student group. Also read | From marriage to death penalty: LGBTQIA rights across the globe The university, which was founded more than 100 years ago to promote Judaism, also offers varying degrees in fields that are not related to religion, like biology and accounting. The Supreme Court suspended the judge's ruling with a 6-3 consecutive majority after the university's request. The court did not specify any reasoning or votes cast, as the decision was declared in emergency cases. The US Supreme Court has made some favourable decisions for the LGBTQ community in recent months. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE

US Supreme Court permits Jewish university to temporarily deny recognition to LGBTQ students

As&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;students&nbsp;return for the new academic year, veteran&nbsp;teacher&nbsp;Wong is counting down the days until the political maelstrom sweeping the city leaves him no choice but to&nbsp;quit.

Wong, 34, fears he will soon join the exodus of teachers and&nbsp;students&nbsp;triggered by Beijing's tightening grip on&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong, which has started transforming local&nbsp;schools, according to multiple educators.

The latest government figures show more than 4,000 teachers left their jobs in the past&nbsp;school&nbsp;year, a five-year high and a 70 per cent spike from the year before.

"I have no faith in the future of&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;or that of the industry. It is hard to nurture a person in this environment," Wong, who asked to use just his surname, told AFP.

The political crackdown has coincided with the coronavirus pandemic, during which&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;has kept strict zero-Covid rules that fuelled further departures.&nbsp;

Students&nbsp;have pulled out of&nbsp;school&nbsp;in droves, with 30,000 fewer attending primary and secondary&nbsp;school&nbsp;in September 2021 compared to the preceding October.

Wong, who has taught for more than a decade, said five teenagers from his class of 32 withdrew halfway through a term to emigrate.

"The&nbsp;students&nbsp;are leaving not because they dislike the&nbsp;school, but because of&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong's environment."

Patriotic classrooms

China is remoulding once outspoken&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;in its own authoritarian image, following massive and sometimes violent democracy protests in 2019 in which youngsters played a key part.

Teachers have since been ordered to instil patriotism in&nbsp;students&nbsp;and comply with a Beijing-imposed national security law that has criminalised much dissent.

Curriculums are being tweaked to align more closely with Chinese Communist Party ideology.

Earlier this month, teachers were told to "study and learn the key messages" of a recent speech by President Xi Jinping.

Students&nbsp;and parents have also been encouraged to report teachers who might be breaching the security law.&nbsp;

Wong received a letter of reprimand from&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong's Education Bureau last year after his teaching materials analysing the pros and cons of civil disobedience drew anonymous complaints.

"It shattered the trust that was fundamental to teaching," he recalled.

Between 2019 and 2021,&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;authorities received 344 complaints against teachers in relation to the democracy protests, with 55 percent of cases found to be substantiated.

One high-school&nbsp;principal told AFP he would instruct staff to keep their heads down and comply with government guidelines to the letter.

"Everyone is being very careful... If some (teaching materials) may touch on political sensitivities, then we'll skirt around it," said the principal, who requested anonymity.

"Nobody wants trouble and the teachers don't want to be held personally responsible."

Lower standards?

Authorities have rejected the idea of an emigration wave and argue teachers choose to leave their posts for various reasons, including retirement and further study.

Hong&nbsp;Kong's education chief said&nbsp;schools&nbsp;were generally operating smoothly and there were enough qualified teachers despite a "slightly higher" attrition rate.

But a recent survey of 140&nbsp;schools&nbsp;showed each institution&nbsp;on average lost 32&nbsp;students&nbsp;and seven teachers over the past year.

Newspaper Ming Pao surveyed its classified section and found at least 200&nbsp;schools&nbsp;were still looking for teachers in late July. In previous years, most vacancies would be filled by the end of May.

Administrators say some&nbsp;schools&nbsp;have been forced to hire less-qualified candidates.

Schools&nbsp;are also competing to poach&nbsp;students, as their headcount often determines their government subsidies and protects against closure.&nbsp; 
 
And education is not the only sector affected by&nbsp;brain&nbsp;drain.

The city's labour force has dropped about six percent since 2018 to 3.75 million people, according to the latest official figures, the lowest number in nearly a decade.

A new generation of&nbsp;Hong&nbsp;Kong&nbsp;teachers are now weighing options and assessing risks that come with their careers.

University graduate Mak, 23, has spent a year teaching English at a secondary&nbsp;school&nbsp;even though he does not have a&nbsp;teacher's diploma -- a fact his employer did not seem to mind.

"I'll continue teaching for the next few years, but not necessarily in the long term," he said.

Mak feels he has little control over what happens to his profession.

"There's not much that can be changed," he sighed.&nbsp;"You either&nbsp;submit, or&nbsp;quit."

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As Hong Kong students return for the new academic year, veteran teacher Wong is counting down the days until the political maelstrom sweeping the city leaves him no choice but to quit.

As Hong Kong students return for the new academic year, veteran teacher Wong is counting down the days until the political maelstrom sweeping the city leaves him no choice but to quit. Wong, 34, fears he will soon join the exodus of teachers and students triggered by Beijing's tightening grip on Hong Kong, which has started transforming local schools, according to multiple educators. The latest government figures show more than 4,000 teachers left their jobs in the past school year, a five-year high and a 70 per cent spike from the year before. "I have no faith in the future of Hong Kong or that of the industry. It is hard to nurture a person in this environment," Wong, who asked to use just his surname, told AFP. The political crackdown has coincided with the coronavirus pandemic, during which Hong Kong has kept strict zero-Covid rules that fuelled further departures. Students have pulled out of school in droves, with 30,000 fewer attending primary and secondary school in September 2021 compared to the preceding October. Wong, who has taught for more than a decade, said five teenagers from his class of 32 withdrew halfway through a term to emigrate. "The students are leaving not because they dislike the school, but because of Hong Kong's environment." Patriotic classrooms China is remoulding once outspoken Hong Kong in its own authoritarian image, following massive and sometimes violent democracy protests in 2019 in which youngsters played a key part. Teachers have since been ordered to instil patriotism in students and comply with a Beijing-imposed national security law that has criminalised much dissent. Curriculums are being tweaked to align more closely with Chinese Communist Party ideology. Earlier this month, teachers were told to "study and learn the key messages" of a recent speech by President Xi Jinping. Students and parents have also been encouraged to report teachers who might be breaching the security law. Wong received a letter of reprimand from Hong Kong's Education Bureau last year after his teaching materials analysing the pros and cons of civil disobedience drew anonymous complaints. "It shattered the trust that was fundamental to teaching," he recalled. Between 2019 and 2021, Hong Kong authorities received 344 complaints against teachers in relation to the democracy protests, with 55 percent of cases found to be substantiated. One high-school principal told AFP he would instruct staff to keep their heads down and comply with government guidelines to the letter. "Everyone is being very careful... If some (teaching materials) may touch on political sensitivities, then we'll skirt around it," said the principal, who requested anonymity. "Nobody wants trouble and the teachers don't want to be held personally responsible." Lower standards? Authorities have rejected the idea of an emigration wave and argue teachers choose to leave their posts for various reasons, including retirement and further study. Hong Kong's education chief said schools were generally operating smoothly and there were enough qualified teachers despite a "slightly higher" attrition rate. But a recent survey of 140 schools showed each institution on average lost 32 students and seven teachers over the past year. Newspaper Ming Pao surveyed its classified section and found at least 200 schools were still looking for teachers in late July. In previous years, most vacancies would be filled by the end of May. Administrators say some schools have been forced to hire less-qualified candidates. Schools are also competing to poach students, as their headcount often determines their government subsidies and protects against closure. And education is not the only sector affected by brain drain. The city's labour force has dropped about six percent since 2018 to 3.75 million people, according to the latest official figures, the lowest number in nearly a decade. A new generation of Hong Kong teachers are now weighing options and assessing risks that come with their careers. University graduate Mak, 23, has spent a year teaching English at a secondary school even though he does not have a teacher's diploma -- a fact his employer did not seem to mind. "I'll continue teaching for the next few years, but not necessarily in the long term," he said. Mak feels he has little control over what happens to his profession. "There's not much that can be changed," he sighed. "You either submit, or quit."

'Submit or quit': Hong Kong schools witness exodus of teachers and students

Education is one of the most basic human rights. A tool for any nation’s democratic system to succeed. Here's how education became a fundamental right.

India@75: How education became a fundamental right

India@75: How education became

Education knows no boundaries, no limits. And spreading it across is a Ghanaian artist Ibrahim Mahama. His community learning hub in a sparsely located landscape draws a stream of visitors for its unique way of imparting knowledge to them. To know further about it, take a look at our next story.

World Of Africa: Ghana's artistic educational hub

Two cases of the deadly Marburg virus have been identified in Ghana. As per health authorities, this is the first time that this Ebola-like disease has been found in a West African nation. Blood tests collected from two victims in the southern Ashanti area earlier this month revealed the Marburg virus. As per an AFP report, the Ghana Health Service (GHS) reported that the samples were submitted to the Pasteur Institute in Senegal, which confirmed the diagnosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda have seen previous outbreaks and isolated cases of Marburg.

According to the GHS statement, 98 individuals who have been identified as contact cases are presently quarantined. It also stated that no more Marburg cases have been found in Ghana.

Watch |&nbsp;More than 1.4 billion people at heightened risk of deadly disease: WHO report

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Let's take a look at the disease, its symptoms and treatments for Marburg:

What is the Marburg virus?

As per&nbsp;WHO,&nbsp;the Marburg virus is similar&nbsp;to the Ebola virus and causes Marburg virus disease (MVD). The disease&nbsp;kills around one out of every two afflicted people.

Following studies on imported African green monkeys, the virus&nbsp;was first identified in 1967 in Germany and the former Yugoslavia.

What are its symptoms?

The time from infection to the start of symptoms, or incubation period for Marburg, ranges from 2 to 21 days.

As per WHO, the Marburg virus causes sudden onset illness characterised by a high temperature, excruciating headaches, and severe fatigue. Another typical symptom is aches and pains in the muscles. On the third day, severe watery diarrhoea, cramps and discomfort in the abdomen, nausea, and vomiting can be there.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/which-are-the-deadliest-viruses-of-21st-century-486963">Which are the deadliest viruses of 21st century?</a>

Many patients develop severe haemorrhagic symptoms between 5 and 7 days, and fatal cases typically have some sort of bleeding, often from numerous sites. Bleeding from the nose, gums, and vagina frequently accompanies fresh blood in vomit&nbsp;and faeces.

Is it fatal?

The disease has a case fatality ratio of up to 88 per cent that, with proper patient care, can be significantly lower.

Depending on the virus strain and case treatment, fatality rates in confirmed cases have ranged from 24 to 88 per cent in past outbreaks, according to the WHO.

Death in fatal instances often occurs 8 to 9 days after the beginning of symptoms and is typically preceded by significant blood loss and shock.

Transmission

Prolonged exposure to mines or caves where Rousettus bat colonies are present was earlier the primary cause of human MVD infection.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/new-york-people-queue-up-in-long-lines-for-monkeypox-vaccine-498366" hreflang="en">New York: People queue up in long lines for monkeypox vaccine</a>

It can also be transmitted from person to person through direct contact with the blood, secretions or other body fluids of infected persons, as well as with surfaces and things contaminated with these fluids.

Healthcare professionals caring for infected people are also at risk. Direct contact with an infected person's corpse during funeral rites has also been linked to the spread of Marburg.

As long as the virus is present in a person's blood, they are contagious.

Treatment

There are currently no authorized vaccinations or antiviral medications for MVD. However, supportive care, such as rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids, and treatment of symptoms, increase the chances of&nbsp;survival.

(With inputs from agencies)

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You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us <a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.

Two cases of the deadly Marburg virus have been identified in Ghana. As per health authorities, this is the first time that this Ebola-like disease has been found in a West African nation.

Two cases of the deadly Marburg virus have been identified in Ghana. As per health authorities, this is the first time that this Ebola-like disease has been found in a West African nation. Blood tests collected from two victims in the southern Ashanti area earlier this month revealed the Marburg virus. As per an AFP report, the Ghana Health Service (GHS) reported that the samples were submitted to the Pasteur Institute in Senegal, which confirmed the diagnosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda have seen previous outbreaks and isolated cases of Marburg. According to the GHS statement, 98 individuals who have been identified as contact cases are presently quarantined. It also stated that no more Marburg cases have been found in Ghana. Watch | More than 1.4 billion people at heightened risk of deadly disease: WHO report Let's take a look at the disease, its symptoms and treatments for Marburg: What is the Marburg virus? As per WHO, the Marburg virus is similar to the Ebola virus and causes Marburg virus disease (MVD). The disease kills around one out of every two afflicted people. Following studies on imported African green monkeys, the virus was first identified in 1967 in Germany and the former Yugoslavia. What are its symptoms? The time from infection to the start of symptoms, or incubation period for Marburg, ranges from 2 to 21 days. As per WHO, the Marburg virus causes sudden onset illness characterised by a high temperature, excruciating headaches, and severe fatigue. Another typical symptom is aches and pains in the muscles. On the third day, severe watery diarrhoea, cramps and discomfort in the abdomen, nausea, and vomiting can be there. Also read | Which are the deadliest viruses of 21st century? Many patients develop severe haemorrhagic symptoms between 5 and 7 days, and fatal cases typically have some sort of bleeding, often from numerous sites. Bleeding from the nose, gums, and vagina frequently accompanies fresh blood in vomit and faeces. Is it fatal? The disease has a case fatality ratio of up to 88 per cent that, with proper patient care, can be significantly lower. Depending on the virus strain and case treatment, fatality rates in confirmed cases have ranged from 24 to 88 per cent in past outbreaks, according to the WHO. Death in fatal instances often occurs 8 to 9 days after the beginning of symptoms and is typically preceded by significant blood loss and shock. Transmission Prolonged exposure to mines or caves where Rousettus bat colonies are present was earlier the primary cause of human MVD infection. Also read | New York: People queue up in long lines for monkeypox vaccine It can also be transmitted from person to person through direct contact with the blood, secretions or other body fluids of infected persons, as well as with surfaces and things contaminated with these fluids. Healthcare professionals caring for infected people are also at risk. Direct contact with an infected person's corpse during funeral rites has also been linked to the spread of Marburg. As long as the virus is present in a person's blood, they are contagious. Treatment There are currently no authorized vaccinations or antiviral medications for MVD. However, supportive care, such as rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids, and treatment of symptoms, increase the chances of survival. (With inputs from agencies) Watch WION LIVE HERE: You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Ghana reports 2 deaths from Marburg, which has fatality rate of 88%. Here are its symptoms, treatment & more

What does 'greenwashing' mean and why is it a problem? Why do big brands like Coca Cola engage in it? Greenwashing serves as a smokescreen which hides the continued exploitation of the planet and allows those responsible to get away with it. "The number of products labelled as sustainable or green has increased exponentially in recent years, with many household brands guilty of greenwashing. Yet, as businesses claim progress towards sustainability, emissions continue to rise, extraction increases, and overproduction spirals," says Changing Markets Foundation (CMF)

What is greenwashing, the practice major companies are accused of engaging in?

Big brands like Coca Cola found guilty of 'greenwashing', what is this and why is it problematic?

Do you remember your science lessons from school? Do you remember learning about chromosomes? We were taught that there are two chromosomes X and Y and that each of us has a set of chromosomes. Individuals with XX (or two X chromosomes) are female, while those with XY (or one X and one Y chromosome) are male. A recently published study has now revealed that many men can actually carry an extra chromosome.&nbsp;The study was published in the journal Genetics in Medicine. It included data on more than 207,000 men. It was discovered that of the participants, over 350 had an extra chromosome, either X or Y.&nbsp;Very few of these men knew about this abnormality or had it mentioned in their medical records.

Talking to the Guardian Dr Ken Ong, co-senior author of the study who is a pediatric endocrinologist in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit at the University of Cambridge says that they were surprised at how common this abnormality is.

Watch |&nbsp;Robots to solve ocean's pollution menace: 15mm long robo-fish to hunt for plastic

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The National Human Genome Research Institute reported that previous estimations indicated that approximately 100 to 200 men out of every 100,000 are XXY. An estimated 18 to 100 out of every 100,000 were believed to be XYY.

Having an extra chromosome can raise the risk of certain health conditions. Those having Klinefelter syndrome (KS) or an extra X chromosome are linked to reproductive problems like infertility and delayed puberty. According to the National Human Genome Research Institute, XXY men are four times more likely than XY men to have late puberty.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-beer-a-day-might-keep-your-gut-flora-healthy-study-491178" hreflang="en">A beer a day might keep your gut flora healthy: Study</a>

On the other hand, with an extra Y chromosome or 47,XYY syndrome does not come with reproductive problems but was linked to learning disabilities, including delay in acquiring speech and motor skills. According to the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, they also have unusually low muscle tone.

Additionally, both XXY and XYY men have a higher rate of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the artery walls), pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the veins and lung arteries), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (which obstructs airflow to the lungs).

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/the-tiny-mites-that-have-sex-on-our-faces-may-go-extinct-490962" hreflang="en">The tiny mites that have sex on our faces may go extinct</a>

In their report, the authors questioned: "why both KS and 47,XYY should show striking similarities in conferring substantially higher risks for many diseases in common." As per them, future research is needed to examine the reasons causing this elevated risk.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Do you remember your science lessons from school? Do you remember learning about chromosomes? We were taught that there are two chromosomes X and Y and that each of us has a set of chromosomes.

Do you remember your science lessons from school? Do you remember learning about chromosomes? We were taught that there are two chromosomes X and Y and that each of us has a set of chromosomes. Individuals with XX (or two X chromosomes) are female, while those with XY (or one X and one Y chromosome) are male. A recently published study has now revealed that many men can actually carry an extra chromosome. The study was published in the journal Genetics in Medicine. It included data on more than 207,000 men. It was discovered that of the participants, over 350 had an extra chromosome, either X or Y. Very few of these men knew about this abnormality or had it mentioned in their medical records. Talking to the Guardian Dr Ken Ong, co-senior author of the study who is a pediatric endocrinologist in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit at the University of Cambridge says that they were surprised at how common this abnormality is. Watch | Robots to solve ocean's pollution menace: 15mm long robo-fish to hunt for plastic The National Human Genome Research Institute reported that previous estimations indicated that approximately 100 to 200 men out of every 100,000 are XXY. An estimated 18 to 100 out of every 100,000 were believed to be XYY. Having an extra chromosome can raise the risk of certain health conditions. Those having Klinefelter syndrome (KS) or an extra X chromosome are linked to reproductive problems like infertility and delayed puberty. According to the National Human Genome Research Institute, XXY men are four times more likely than XY men to have late puberty. Also read | A beer a day might keep your gut flora healthy: Study On the other hand, with an extra Y chromosome or 47,XYY syndrome does not come with reproductive problems but was linked to learning disabilities, including delay in acquiring speech and motor skills. According to the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, they also have unusually low muscle tone. Additionally, both XXY and XYY men have a higher rate of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the artery walls), pulmonary embolism (blood clots in the veins and lung arteries), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (which obstructs airflow to the lungs). Also read | The tiny mites that have sex on our faces may go extinct In their report, the authors questioned: "why both KS and 47,XYY should show striking similarities in conferring substantially higher risks for many diseases in common." As per them, future research is needed to examine the reasons causing this elevated risk. (With inputs from agencies) Watch WION LIVE HERE: You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

For the men out there: Do you fall sick often? This might be why

Taliban on Thursday failed to explain the closure of girls` schools in Afghanistan to the UN after the Taliban earlier backtracked within a few hours of announcing the reopening of girls` schools.

The UN Rapporteur for Afghanistan Human Rights, Richard Bennett said that "specific reasons were not given" for the closure of girls` schools in Afghanistan.

"The reason... they said there technical reasons. Specific reasons were not given and I was not told that they would remain closed. I was told and I repeat this that a committee will be... is working on it and will be reporting. I pressed them for when that report would be made and when.. schools will reopened," Bennet told Tolo News in an interview.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/taliban-assure-india-to-act-on-pakistan-based-terror-groups-in-afghanistan-report-486820">Taliban assure India to act on Pakistan-based terror groups in Afghanistan: Report</a>

Many gatherings of the Islamic scholars and human rights watchdogs called on the Taliban to reopen schools for female students above grade six.

Recently a gathering in the western province of Badghis called for the reopening of schools for female students in grade 6-12, reported Tolo News.

Following a request from religious scholars in Badghis to reopen girls` schools above sixth grade, former president Hamid Karzai on Twitter called on the Taliban to respect the voice of the Afghan people and religious scholars and to reopen girls` schools.

Watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Indian diplomats meet senior Taliban leadership

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The girls` schools beyond grade six have been closed for more than 270 days, reported Tolo News.

"We are concerned that our rights have been taken from us. This basic right is ensured in religion and in government," said Sehat, a female student.

Afghan women are staring at a bleak future due to a number of restrictions imposed by the Taliban governing aspects of their lives within ten months of Afghanistan`s takeover.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/south-asia/taliban-regime-accountable-for-rise-in-illegal-trafficking-of-children-in-afghanistan-486101">Taliban regime accountable for rise in illegal trafficking of children in Afghanistan</a>

Women are no longer allowed to travel unless accompanied by men related to them. Random checks are being conducted on public transport to see if women are indeed accompanied by related men and taxis and buses are often refusing to take women passengers in the first place to avoid the ire of the Taliban`s moral police.

The UN Rapporteur earlier concluded an 11-day visit to Afghanistan. Bennet told Tolo News that Afghan women must play a full role in society based on the international human rights standard.

"It is a tragedy that girls are missing almost one year of school at the secondary level. This is an important generation. A generation that needs to be... so they can be the future of Afghanistan and women must play a full role in Afghan society, according to international human rights standards," he said.

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Taliban on Thursday failed to explain the closure of girls` schools in Afghanistan to the UN after the Taliban earlier backtracked within a few hours of announcing the reopening of girls` schools.

Taliban on Thursday failed to explain the closure of girls` schools in Afghanistan to the UN after the Taliban earlier backtracked within a few hours of announcing the reopening of girls` schools. The UN Rapporteur for Afghanistan Human Rights, Richard Bennett said that "specific reasons were not given" for the closure of girls` schools in Afghanistan. "The reason... they said there technical reasons. Specific reasons were not given and I was not told that they would remain closed. I was told and I repeat this that a committee will be... is working on it and will be reporting. I pressed them for when that report would be made and when.. schools will reopened," Bennet told Tolo News in an interview. Also read | Taliban assure India to act on Pakistan-based terror groups in Afghanistan: Report Many gatherings of the Islamic scholars and human rights watchdogs called on the Taliban to reopen schools for female students above grade six. Recently a gathering in the western province of Badghis called for the reopening of schools for female students in grade 6-12, reported Tolo News. Following a request from religious scholars in Badghis to reopen girls` schools above sixth grade, former president Hamid Karzai on Twitter called on the Taliban to respect the voice of the Afghan people and religious scholars and to reopen girls` schools. Watch | Gravitas: Indian diplomats meet senior Taliban leadership The girls` schools beyond grade six have been closed for more than 270 days, reported Tolo News. "We are concerned that our rights have been taken from us. This basic right is ensured in religion and in government," said Sehat, a female student. Afghan women are staring at a bleak future due to a number of restrictions imposed by the Taliban governing aspects of their lives within ten months of Afghanistan`s takeover. Also read | Taliban regime accountable for rise in illegal trafficking of children in Afghanistan Women are no longer allowed to travel unless accompanied by men related to them. Random checks are being conducted on public transport to see if women are indeed accompanied by related men and taxis and buses are often refusing to take women passengers in the first place to avoid the ire of the Taliban`s moral police. The UN Rapporteur earlier concluded an 11-day visit to Afghanistan. Bennet told Tolo News that Afghan women must play a full role in society based on the international human rights standard. "It is a tragedy that girls are missing almost one year of school at the secondary level. This is an important generation. A generation that needs to be... so they can be the future of Afghanistan and women must play a full role in Afghan society, according to international human rights standards," he said. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Taliban fail to explain closure of girls' schools in Afghanistan to UN

After Taliban takeover in Afghanistan, students complete their studies in Iraq- see pics

Shares in China's New Oriental climbed for a fourth straight day on Wednesday, with analysts saying its new live-streaming sales strategy could help it recover from a regulatory crackdown that decimated its education business.

The company was once one of China's largest private tutoring firms but its fortunes changed overnight in July last year when Beijing enforced sweeping new rules on private education that barred tutoring for profit. New Oriental's shares plunged and it dismissed tens of thousands of staff.

Also read |<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/new-chinese-textbooks-say-hong-kong-was-not-a-british-colony-report-488096">&nbsp;New Chinese textbooks say Hong Kong was not a British colony: Report</a>

It tried to pivot to sectors unaffected by the regulations, including dancing and drawing classes, and in December ventured into selling agricultural products online via live streaming, with its founder Yu Minhong, well-known in China for his entrepreneurial undertakings, occasionally hosting the sessions.

The company's sales were lacklustre, however, until late last week when its hosts, former New Oriental teachers, started using the sessions to teach English to viewers as well.

In one video that went viral on Chinese social media, the New Oriental host, after promoting a set deal for steaks, pulls out a small whiteboard where he wrote words including "steak" and "seasoning" in English, explaining how to use them in sentences before encouraging viewers to buy.

Sales from New Oriental's live-streaming platform, which had been stuck at less than 1 million yuan ($148,858) a day, leapt past the 15 million yuan mark on Friday, according to data from live-streaming tracking platform Huitun.

Watch |&nbsp;'China's attack on Taiwan would hit Global trade,' says Taiwan

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Shares in Koolearn Technology, which operates New Oriental's live-stream e-commerce business through a studio called Dongfang Zhenxuan on Douyin, surged 54.2 per cent&nbsp;on Wednesday.

Shares listed in Hong Kong in New Oriental, which holds 55.7 per cent&nbsp;of Koolearn, jumped 22.5 per cent on Wednesday and are up 54 per cent since the open on Friday.

However, they are still only worth about a third of their value before the new rules came in last year. New Oriental is also listed in the United States.

Citi analysts, who have a "buy" rating on New Oriental, called Koolearn's online live broadcasting a bright spot and estimated it could achieve more than 7 billion yuan in annual gross merchandise value if it maintained the current run rate.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/oil-prices-rise-as-tight-supply-counters-china-covid-recession-worries-488026">Oil prices rise as tight supply counters China COVID, recession worries</a>

China banned tutoring for profit in an attempt to ease pressure on children and parents, but it also led to a wave of school closures and layoffs across the private education sector.

Some customers who purchased products from New Oriental after watching the live streams on Friday said they were impressed by the company's never-say-die attitude.

"I burst into tears when I watched it," said Kong Ling, a tech worker in Hangzhou. "I'm watching a warrior who stands up firmly despite being beaten by the iron fist of life and I wanted to buy to show my support."

($1 = 6.7178 Chinese yuan renminbi)

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Shares in China's New Oriental climbed for a fourth straight day on Wednesday, with analysts saying its new live-streaming sales strategy could help it recover from a regulatory crackdown that decimated its education business.

Shares in China's New Oriental climbed for a fourth straight day on Wednesday, with analysts saying its new live-streaming sales strategy could help it recover from a regulatory crackdown that decimated its education business. The company was once one of China's largest private tutoring firms but its fortunes changed overnight in July last year when Beijing enforced sweeping new rules on private education that barred tutoring for profit. New Oriental's shares plunged and it dismissed tens of thousands of staff. Also read | New Chinese textbooks say Hong Kong was not a British colony: Report It tried to pivot to sectors unaffected by the regulations, including dancing and drawing classes, and in December ventured into selling agricultural products online via live streaming, with its founder Yu Minhong, well-known in China for his entrepreneurial undertakings, occasionally hosting the sessions. The company's sales were lacklustre, however, until late last week when its hosts, former New Oriental teachers, started using the sessions to teach English to viewers as well. In one video that went viral on Chinese social media, the New Oriental host, after promoting a set deal for steaks, pulls out a small whiteboard where he wrote words including "steak" and "seasoning" in English, explaining how to use them in sentences before encouraging viewers to buy. Sales from New Oriental's live-streaming platform, which had been stuck at less than 1 million yuan ($148,858) a day, leapt past the 15 million yuan mark on Friday, according to data from live-streaming tracking platform Huitun. Watch | 'China's attack on Taiwan would hit Global trade,' says Taiwan Shares in Koolearn Technology, which operates New Oriental's live-stream e-commerce business through a studio called Dongfang Zhenxuan on Douyin, surged 54.2 per cent on Wednesday. Shares listed in Hong Kong in New Oriental, which holds 55.7 per cent of Koolearn, jumped 22.5 per cent on Wednesday and are up 54 per cent since the open on Friday. However, they are still only worth about a third of their value before the new rules came in last year. New Oriental is also listed in the United States. Citi analysts, who have a "buy" rating on New Oriental, called Koolearn's online live broadcasting a bright spot and estimated it could achieve more than 7 billion yuan in annual gross merchandise value if it maintained the current run rate. Also read | Oil prices rise as tight supply counters China COVID, recession worries China banned tutoring for profit in an attempt to ease pressure on children and parents, but it also led to a wave of school closures and layoffs across the private education sector. Some customers who purchased products from New Oriental after watching the live streams on Friday said they were impressed by the company's never-say-die attitude. "I burst into tears when I watched it," said Kong Ling, a tech worker in Hangzhou. "I'm watching a warrior who stands up firmly despite being beaten by the iron fist of life and I wanted to buy to show my support." ($1 = 6.7178 Chinese yuan renminbi) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

China's New Oriental education giant finds new life in English live streaming

On Wednesday evening (June 01), Sourav Ganguly created a huge stir on social media platforms after his viral cryptic tweet became the talk of the town. In his tweet, Ganguly had written, "2022 marks the 30th year since the start of my journey with cricket in 1992. Since then, cricket has given me a lot. Most importantly, it had given me the support of all of you. I want to thank every single person who has been a part of the journey, supported me, and helped me reach where I am today."

"Today, I am planning to start something that I feel will probably help a lot of people. I hope you continue your support as I enter this chapter of my life," he added.

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Since then, many were speculating about the former Indian captain's next move as rumours were rife that Ganguly was set to resign as the BCCI President and join politics. Amid all this, BCCI Secretary Jay Shah tarnished all such reports.&nbsp;"Sourav Ganguly has not resigned as the president of BCCI," Shah told news agency ANI.

Now, Ganguly has also opened up on his tweet and made it clear that he is not resigning as the BCCI chief. He revealed that he is set to launch a new educational application.&nbsp;"I have not resigned.&nbsp;I am launching a new education app worldwide. There is no resignation, nothing," Sourav was quoted as saying.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/sports/planning-to-start-something-speculations-intensify-as-sourav-ganguly-post-leaves-netizens-guessing-484151">Sourav Ganguly not resigning, confirms Jay Shah after BCCI president's cryptic tweet goes viral</a>

Currently, the ex-Indian cricketer Ganguly is serving as the BCCI chief, a post he took over in October 2019. Under him, BCCI recently hosted the IPL 2022 edition entirely in India without any fuss and the board's overall efforts were hailed by many.&nbsp;

Ganguly's statement is surely a sigh of relief for many of his loyalists, worldwide, who want to see him continue as the Indian cricket board's chief.

On Wednesday evening (June 01), Sourav Ganguly created a huge stir on social media platforms after his viral cryptic tweet became the talk of the town. In his tweet, Ganguly had written, "2022 marks the 30th year since the start of my journey with cricket in 1992.

On Wednesday evening (June 01), Sourav Ganguly created a huge stir on social media platforms after his viral cryptic tweet became the talk of the town. In his tweet, Ganguly had written, "2022 marks the 30th year since the start of my journey with cricket in 1992. Since then, cricket has given me a lot. Most importantly, it had given me the support of all of you. I want to thank every single person who has been a part of the journey, supported me, and helped me reach where I am today." "Today, I am planning to start something that I feel will probably help a lot of people. I hope you continue your support as I enter this chapter of my life," he added. pic.twitter.com/JrHOVvH3Vi — Sourav Ganguly (@SGanguly99) June 1, 2022 × Since then, many were speculating about the former Indian captain's next move as rumours were rife that Ganguly was set to resign as the BCCI President and join politics. Amid all this, BCCI Secretary Jay Shah tarnished all such reports. "Sourav Ganguly has not resigned as the president of BCCI," Shah told news agency ANI. Now, Ganguly has also opened up on his tweet and made it clear that he is not resigning as the BCCI chief. He revealed that he is set to launch a new educational application. "I have not resigned. I am launching a new education app worldwide. There is no resignation, nothing," Sourav was quoted as saying. ALSO READ | Sourav Ganguly not resigning, confirms Jay Shah after BCCI president's cryptic tweet goes viral Currently, the ex-Indian cricketer Ganguly is serving as the BCCI chief, a post he took over in October 2019. Under him, BCCI recently hosted the IPL 2022 edition entirely in India without any fuss and the board's overall efforts were hailed by many. Ganguly's statement is surely a sigh of relief for many of his loyalists, worldwide, who want to see him continue as the Indian cricket board's chief.

'There's no resignation' - Sourav Ganguly to remain BCCI chief, reveals plans of launching new education app

Mission to Moon: How US and Japan plan to once again send humans to the lunar surface

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