A revolutionary&nbsp;new blood test can detect if a patient is suffering from memory loss due to Alzheimer's disease, with 90 per cent accuracy. The convenience of a blood test means that patients can receive accurate diagnoses without splurging extra cash on&nbsp;current diagnostic methods where expensive scans and spinal fluid samples are used.&nbsp;

Comparatively, neurologists and memory specialists are able to correctly diagnose Alzheimer's in only 73 per cent of their cases. As for primary care doctors, the figure further plummets to only a 61 per cent accuracy rate.&nbsp;

Researchers at Lund University in Sweden published the study in JAMA, titled, "Blood Biomarkers to Detect Alzheimer Disease in Primary Care and Secondary Care" on Sunday (Jul 28).

To conduct the blood test, the scientists attempted to evaluate a combination of protein ratios&nbsp;found in human serum that can accurately detect the disease. The test measures&nbsp;tau protein 217 (or p-tau217 for short) and amyloid - both of which&nbsp;are biomarkers used to detect mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer’s disease.

In some countries, in order to receive medicines for Alzheimer's, the patient needs to prove that they have an accumulation of amyloids in their brain. Accumulation of amyloids is one of the indicators of Alzheimer's disease which the blood test conducted by researchers at Lund University attempted to find.&nbsp;

“Increases in p tau-217 concentrations in the blood are quite profound in Alzheimer’s disease. At the dementia stage of the disease, levels are more than 8 times higher compared with elderly without Alzheimer’s,”&nbsp;study coauthor Dr Sebastian Palmqvist was quoted as saying by CNN.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/european-medicines-watchdog-rejects-new-alzheimers-drug-744701">Watch |&nbsp;European medicines watchdog rejects new Alzheimer's drug</a>

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<h2>Reliability of blood test</h2>

To confirm whether the blood test was reliable or not,&nbsp;Palmqvist and his team zeroed in on 1213 patients who were being evaluated for Alzheimer's by their family doctors or specialists between February 2020 and January 2024. As it turns out, the blood test predicts Alzheimer's with a 90 per cent accuracy.&nbsp;

"This blood test (the APS2) had high diagnostic accuracy for identifying Alzheimer's disease among individuals with cognitive symptoms in primary and secondary care, providing superior performance compared with the diagnostic accuracy after standard clinical evaluation," the test results showed.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-fda-approves-new-breakthrough-medicine-for-alzheimers-heres-what-it-does-550175">Also read |&nbsp;US FDA approves new ‘breakthrough’ medicine for Alzheimer’s. Here’s what it does</a>

Once fully vetted, highly accurate blood tests could change the game in the speed in which doctors can conduct Alzheimer’s trials and get to the next new medication.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A revolutionary new blood test can detect if a patient is suffering from memory loss due to Alzheimer's disease, with 90 per cent accuracy. The convenience of a blood test means that patients can receive accurate diagnoses without splurging extra cash on current diagnostic methods where expensive scans and spinal fluid samples are used.

A revolutionary new blood test can detect if a patient is suffering from memory loss due to Alzheimer's disease, with 90 per cent accuracy. The convenience of a blood test means that patients can receive accurate diagnoses without splurging extra cash on current diagnostic methods where expensive scans and spinal fluid samples are used. Comparatively, neurologists and memory specialists are able to correctly diagnose Alzheimer's in only 73 per cent of their cases. As for primary care doctors, the figure further plummets to only a 61 per cent accuracy rate. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden published the study in JAMA, titled, "Blood Biomarkers to Detect Alzheimer Disease in Primary Care and Secondary Care" on Sunday (Jul 28). To conduct the blood test, the scientists attempted to evaluate a combination of protein ratios found in human serum that can accurately detect the disease. The test measures tau protein 217 (or p-tau217 for short) and amyloid - both of which are biomarkers used to detect mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. In some countries, in order to receive medicines for Alzheimer's, the patient needs to prove that they have an accumulation of amyloids in their brain. Accumulation of amyloids is one of the indicators of Alzheimer's disease which the blood test conducted by researchers at Lund University attempted to find. “Increases in p tau-217 concentrations in the blood are quite profound in Alzheimer’s disease. At the dementia stage of the disease, levels are more than 8 times higher compared with elderly without Alzheimer’s,” study coauthor Dr Sebastian Palmqvist was quoted as saying by CNN. Watch | European medicines watchdog rejects new Alzheimer's drug × Reliability of blood test To confirm whether the blood test was reliable or not, Palmqvist and his team zeroed in on 1213 patients who were being evaluated for Alzheimer's by their family doctors or specialists between February 2020 and January 2024. As it turns out, the blood test predicts Alzheimer's with a 90 per cent accuracy. "This blood test (the APS2) had high diagnostic accuracy for identifying Alzheimer's disease among individuals with cognitive symptoms in primary and secondary care, providing superior performance compared with the diagnostic accuracy after standard clinical evaluation," the test results showed. Also read | US FDA approves new ‘breakthrough’ medicine for Alzheimer’s. Here’s what it does Once fully vetted, highly accurate blood tests could change the game in the speed in which doctors can conduct Alzheimer’s trials and get to the next new medication. (With inputs from agencies)

Revolutionary new blood test can detect Alzheimer's with 90% accuracy

Alzheimer's disease generally presents with short-term memory impairment due to selective vulnerability of medial temporal lobes in the brain. Episodic memory loss is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and subsequently, the disease spreads to other association cortices or networks in the brain which results in executive dysfunction resulting in problem-solving and planning difficulties and further resulting in navigation and language disturbances.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 
Ideally, people subside memory loss as an indicator of ageing, but it is also a sign of Alzheimer’s, and millions of people are affected by it around the world. In patients suffering from Alzheimer's, their abilities deteriorate which leads to cognitive difficulties severe enough to interfere with day-to-day activities.

Early Signs and Symptoms

Early stages often consist of symptoms that are mistaken for ageing. However, it is important to recognize these early signs for timely intervention:

Memory Loss 
The most common sign of Alzheimer's is memory loss, especially forgetting something that you recently learned. Other symptoms consist of forgetting important dates, asking for the same information repeatedly, etc. It is the most common type of dementia.

Impaired Executive Function 
The executive function consists of a variety of cognitive processes that include planning, decision-making, problem-solving, and self-control.&nbsp;

Other Symptoms&nbsp; 
Other than memory loss and impaired executive function there are other symptoms to look for:

Difficulty Completing Familiar Tasks 
People suffering from Alzheimer's face difficulty in once-easy tasks. This can include cooking, driving to a known location, or managing finances.

Confusion with Time or Place 
Losing track of dates, time, and season in common. People with Alzheimer’s tend to forget where they are or how they got there.

Trouble Understanding Visual and Spatial Relationships 
Problem in vision is one of the signs of Alzheimer's. This includes difficulty in reading, judging distance, and determining colour. It can be a problem in driving.

New Problems with Words in Speaking or Writing 
People with Alzheimer's struggle to join a conversation, they tend to stop in the middle of a conversation and then have no idea how to continue. They also struggle with vocabulary or have trouble naming familiar objects

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of Alzheimer's is still not fully understood, but it is a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors.

Genetic Factors 
Certain genes increase the risk of development of Alzheimer's. For example, presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is associated with an increase in risk of Alzheimer's.

Lifestyle and Heart Health 
There is growing evidence that factors related to heart increase&nbsp;the risk of Alzheimer's. It includes a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, high blood pressure, smoking, cholesterol and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Age 
The greatest known risk for Alzheimer's is increasing age. Most cases are among people above age of 65. After age of 65, risk of Alzheimer's doubles after every 5 years and after 85, risk reaches nearly one-third.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of an individual and family. If your loved one is facing any of the symptoms immediately consult a medical professional. Diagnosis involves: 
•&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Medical History review 
•&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Neuropsychological tests 
•&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Neurological examination

Treatment Options

While there is no cure, but still there are several treatments available to manage the symptoms. Medications like cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are advised to improve the symptoms for a specific period. Non-drug treatments like memory training, cognitive training and structured environment are also beneficial.

Individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s, and their care takers must adapt new ways of living. Setting up routines and creating a supportive environment are important. One of the early signs of Alzheimer’s is memory loss and compromised executive function. Seeking advice from healthcare professional is crucial.&nbsp;

(Authored by Dr Kadam Nagpal, Head And Consultant - Neuroimmunology &amp; Movement Disorders And Neurology, Manipal Hospitals)

Alzheimer's disease generally presents with short-term memory impairment due to selective vulnerability of medial temporal lobes in the brain. Episodic memory loss is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and subsequently, the disease spreads to other association cortices or networks in the brain which results in executive dysfunction resulting in problem-solving and planning difficulties and further resulting in navigation and language disturbances.

Alzheimer's disease generally presents with short-term memory impairment due to selective vulnerability of medial temporal lobes in the brain. Episodic memory loss is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and subsequently, the disease spreads to other association cortices or networks in the brain which results in executive dysfunction resulting in problem-solving and planning difficulties and further resulting in navigation and language disturbances. Ideally, people subside memory loss as an indicator of ageing, but it is also a sign of Alzheimer’s, and millions of people are affected by it around the world. In patients suffering from Alzheimer's, their abilities deteriorate which leads to cognitive difficulties severe enough to interfere with day-to-day activities. Early Signs and Symptoms Early stages often consist of symptoms that are mistaken for ageing. However, it is important to recognize these early signs for timely intervention: Memory Loss The most common sign of Alzheimer's is memory loss, especially forgetting something that you recently learned. Other symptoms consist of forgetting important dates, asking for the same information repeatedly, etc. It is the most common type of dementia. Impaired Executive Function The executive function consists of a variety of cognitive processes that include planning, decision-making, problem-solving, and self-control. Other Symptoms Other than memory loss and impaired executive function there are other symptoms to look for: Difficulty Completing Familiar Tasks People suffering from Alzheimer's face difficulty in once-easy tasks. This can include cooking, driving to a known location, or managing finances. Confusion with Time or Place Losing track of dates, time, and season in common. People with Alzheimer’s tend to forget where they are or how they got there. Trouble Understanding Visual and Spatial Relationships Problem in vision is one of the signs of Alzheimer's. This includes difficulty in reading, judging distance, and determining colour. It can be a problem in driving. New Problems with Words in Speaking or Writing People with Alzheimer's struggle to join a conversation, they tend to stop in the middle of a conversation and then have no idea how to continue. They also struggle with vocabulary or have trouble naming familiar objects Causes and Risk Factors The exact cause of Alzheimer's is still not fully understood, but it is a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. Genetic Factors Certain genes increase the risk of development of Alzheimer's. For example, presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is associated with an increase in risk of Alzheimer's. Lifestyle and Heart Health There is growing evidence that factors related to heart increase the risk of Alzheimer's. It includes a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, high blood pressure, smoking, cholesterol and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Age The greatest known risk for Alzheimer's is increasing age. Most cases are among people above age of 65. After age of 65, risk of Alzheimer's doubles after every 5 years and after 85, risk reaches nearly one-third. Diagnosis and Treatment Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of an individual and family. If your loved one is facing any of the symptoms immediately consult a medical professional. Diagnosis involves: • Medical History review • Neuropsychological tests • Neurological examination Treatment Options While there is no cure, but still there are several treatments available to manage the symptoms. Medications like cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are advised to improve the symptoms for a specific period. Non-drug treatments like memory training, cognitive training and structured environment are also beneficial. Individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s, and their care takers must adapt new ways of living. Setting up routines and creating a supportive environment are important. One of the early signs of Alzheimer’s is memory loss and compromised executive function. Seeking advice from healthcare professional is crucial. (Authored by Dr Kadam Nagpal, Head And Consultant - Neuroimmunology & Movement Disorders And Neurology, Manipal Hospitals)

Experiencing memory loss and impaired executive function? They could be symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal. Dementia includes the loss of cognitive functioning — thinking, remembering, learning and reasoning.&nbsp;

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia. Notably, everyone with forgetfulness doesn't have Alzheimer's. Experts have often noted that there are many causes of memory loss and cognitive decline, ranging from stress and depression to medications and other medical conditions.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/infant-formula-revolution-scientists-modify-tobacco-like-plant-to-produce-human-breast-milk-nutrients-732547">Infant formula revolution? Scientists modify tobacco-like plant to produce human breast milk nutrients</a>&nbsp;

People frequently ask whether or not forgetfulness is always a sign of Alzheimer's disease and when exactly to seek help. Well, forgetfulness can indeed be a sign of Alzheimer's disease, especially when it is persistent and begins to interfere with daily life.&nbsp;

While occasional forgetfulness is common for many people, particularly as they age, Alzheimer's disease involves progressive cognitive decline that goes beyond normal age-related changes.&nbsp;

WION reached out to experts to know more about it and get detailed insight into what exactly needs to be done when we come across someone who is experiencing persistent or worsening forgetfulness or other cognitive symptoms.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/how-long-you-pee-might-signal-bladder-health-731649">Scientifically speaking, THIS is how much time one should spend peeing</a>&nbsp;

<h2>Is forgetfulness always a sign of Alzheimer's disease?&nbsp;</h2>

Dr Mahendra JV, HOD &amp; Consultant - Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Institute of Neurosciences, Ramaiah Memorial Hospital told WION, "Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases."&nbsp;

Dr Mahendra explained that it is critical to distinguish between normal age-related forgetfulness and symptoms that will indicate Alzheimer's. He said that normal forgetfulness can include losing things from time to time or occasionally forgetting names but remembering them later.&nbsp;

In contrast, Alzheimer's-related memory loss includes forgetting recently learned information, asking the same questions repeatedly, or having trouble with familiar tasks like managing finances or following a recipe.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/want-a-better-deal-your-facial-expressions-matter-most-while-negotiating-731526">Want a better deal? Your facial expressions matter most while negotiating</a>&nbsp;

Dr VP Singh, Chairman, Neurosurgery, Neurosciences, Medanta, Gurugram told WION, "It's important to know the difference between benign memory lapses and something more serious like Alzheimer's disease."

Forgetfulness in Alzheimer's tends to be more severe and it disrupts daily life, Dr Singh added.&nbsp;

Dr Nishant Shanker Yagnick – Consultant, Neurosurgery- Manipal Hospital, Gurugram told WION, "Memory of an individual can also be impacted by depression and anxiety. Addressing these conditions can help in the improvement of memory. Quality sleep is important for good mental health. Conditions like vitamin deficiencies and thyroid and chronic infections also affect memory. These are curable conditions and treating the underlying condition can also restore the functioning of the brain."&nbsp;

Dr Ritu Jha, Director &amp; HOD - Neurology, Neurosciences, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad told WION, "Dementia is diagnosed after ruling out common reversible conditions like medication overdose, emotional disturbances, hormonal imbalance, vitamin B12 deficiency or some structural lesion in the brain."&nbsp;

<h2>When should one&nbsp;seek help for memory loss?&nbsp;</h2>

While age is one of the prominent factors resulting in Alzheimer's disease, genetics also play a major role. Most cases are not directly inherited, having a family history of the condition increases the risk. Specific genes such as the APOE ε4 allele are known to influence susceptibility to Alzheimer's.&nbsp;

A history of severe head trauma, particularly repeated concussions, has been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life. Factors such as low levels of education, social isolation, and certain sleep disorders may also contribute to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease.&nbsp;

All experts said that early diagnosis is the key to managing Alzheimer's and other types of dementia. Experts have said that if you or a loved one are experiencing frequent memory lapses, it is essential to seek medical advice.&nbsp;

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia can lead to better management of the condition and improve the quality of life. It can also provide access to treatments that help slow the progression of symptoms.&nbsp;

Dr Yagnick said, "Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is one of the treatment options being explored for Alzheimer's. It involves implanting a device that sends electrical signals to specific areas of the brain. These signals can help regulate abnormal impulses in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function and memory. While still in the experimental stages for Alzheimer's, DBS has shown promise in treating other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease."&nbsp;

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal.

Memory loss is among other health-related problems that come with old age. Forgetfulness is treated as a normal part of ageing, but when it comes to dementia, it's not normal. Dementia includes the loss of cognitive functioning — thinking, remembering, learning and reasoning. Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia. Notably, everyone with forgetfulness doesn't have Alzheimer's. Experts have often noted that there are many causes of memory loss and cognitive decline, ranging from stress and depression to medications and other medical conditions. Also read: Infant formula revolution? Scientists modify tobacco-like plant to produce human breast milk nutrients People frequently ask whether or not forgetfulness is always a sign of Alzheimer's disease and when exactly to seek help. Well, forgetfulness can indeed be a sign of Alzheimer's disease, especially when it is persistent and begins to interfere with daily life. While occasional forgetfulness is common for many people, particularly as they age, Alzheimer's disease involves progressive cognitive decline that goes beyond normal age-related changes. WION reached out to experts to know more about it and get detailed insight into what exactly needs to be done when we come across someone who is experiencing persistent or worsening forgetfulness or other cognitive symptoms. Also read: Scientifically speaking, THIS is how much time one should spend peeing Is forgetfulness always a sign of Alzheimer's disease? Dr Mahendra JV, HOD & Consultant - Department of Neurology, Ramaiah Institute of Neurosciences, Ramaiah Memorial Hospital told WION, "Alzheimer’s is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases." Dr Mahendra explained that it is critical to distinguish between normal age-related forgetfulness and symptoms that will indicate Alzheimer's. He said that normal forgetfulness can include losing things from time to time or occasionally forgetting names but remembering them later. In contrast, Alzheimer's-related memory loss includes forgetting recently learned information, asking the same questions repeatedly, or having trouble with familiar tasks like managing finances or following a recipe. Also read: Want a better deal? Your facial expressions matter most while negotiating Dr VP Singh, Chairman, Neurosurgery, Neurosciences, Medanta, Gurugram told WION, "It's important to know the difference between benign memory lapses and something more serious like Alzheimer's disease." Forgetfulness in Alzheimer's tends to be more severe and it disrupts daily life, Dr Singh added. Dr Nishant Shanker Yagnick – Consultant, Neurosurgery- Manipal Hospital, Gurugram told WION, "Memory of an individual can also be impacted by depression and anxiety. Addressing these conditions can help in the improvement of memory. Quality sleep is important for good mental health. Conditions like vitamin deficiencies and thyroid and chronic infections also affect memory. These are curable conditions and treating the underlying condition can also restore the functioning of the brain." Dr Ritu Jha, Director & HOD - Neurology, Neurosciences, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad told WION, "Dementia is diagnosed after ruling out common reversible conditions like medication overdose, emotional disturbances, hormonal imbalance, vitamin B12 deficiency or some structural lesion in the brain." When should one seek help for memory loss? While age is one of the prominent factors resulting in Alzheimer's disease, genetics also play a major role. Most cases are not directly inherited, having a family history of the condition increases the risk. Specific genes such as the APOE ε4 allele are known to influence susceptibility to Alzheimer's. A history of severe head trauma, particularly repeated concussions, has been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life. Factors such as low levels of education, social isolation, and certain sleep disorders may also contribute to a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease. All experts said that early diagnosis is the key to managing Alzheimer's and other types of dementia. Experts have said that if you or a loved one are experiencing frequent memory lapses, it is essential to seek medical advice. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia can lead to better management of the condition and improve the quality of life. It can also provide access to treatments that help slow the progression of symptoms. Dr Yagnick said, "Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is one of the treatment options being explored for Alzheimer's. It involves implanting a device that sends electrical signals to specific areas of the brain. These signals can help regulate abnormal impulses in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function and memory. While still in the experimental stages for Alzheimer's, DBS has shown promise in treating other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease."

Explained: Is forgetfulness a key indicator of Alzheimer's disease? Experts tell when to seek help

In a groundbreaking study, it has been revealed that there is a strong link between Alzheimer's disease and the intake of processed foods. Researchers at the Bond University came to this conclusion after analysing the dietary habits of 438 Australians, out of which 108 showed signs of Alzheimer's.

The study has been published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. It used data from the Australian Imaging Biomarker and Lifestyle Study of Aging which since 2006 has been tracking a group of people and observing the development of Alzheimer's in some participants.

<h2>Dietary habits and Alzheimer's</h2>

The study found that those diagnosed with Alzheimer's consume meat pies, sausages, ham, pizza and hamburgers more often than their healthier counterparts. The examination of their dietary habits also revealed that they consumed fewer vegetables and fruits like oranges, strawberries, avocado, capsicum, cucumber, carrots, cabbage and spinach.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas | 17-Year-Old Hemesh's miracle tech gives new hope to Alzheimer's patients

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It was also found that those with Alzheimer's consumed less wine, both red and white, than the healthier group.

<h2>Takeaways</h2>

Dementia is a global problem, affecting more than 55 million people, with 60 per cent of them living in low and middle-income nations. The number is expected to almost double in the coming 20 years, reaching 82 million in 2030.

The disease currently has no treatment or cure and affects up to one in 10 Australians aged over 65.&nbsp; 
Lead author of the study and PhD candidate Tahera Ahmed says the new revelation should encourage youngsters to increase the intake of fruits and vegetables, while decreasing reliance on processed foods.

"Alzheimer's development in the brain begins in middle age and its effects can be attributed to an uncontrolled lifestyle from a younger age," Tahera was quoted as saying by Medical Xpress.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-jsarwt="1" data-usg="AOvVaw3sYRGPMHjSWZUO5fJrPyYV" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQwKWI44yEAxUlUWwGHQ7eDHEQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-reveal-11-dementia-risk-factors-that-could-determine-who-all-are-at-risk-629154" jsname="YKoRaf">Scientists reveal 11 dementia risk factors that could determine who all are at risk</a>

"Raising awareness among the youth about the benefits of consuming leafy greens, organic foods, or home-cooked meals is essential, as opposed to regularly indulging in junk or processed foods,” she added.

"Such dietary habits impact brain health and contribute to vascular issues and obesity, highlighting the interconnectedness of these health concerns," Tahera further said.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a groundbreaking study, it has been revealed that there is a strong link between Alzheimer's disease and the intake of processed foods. Researchers at the Bond University came to this conclusion after analysing the dietary habits of 438 Australians, out of which 108 showed signs of Alzheimer's.

In a groundbreaking study, it has been revealed that there is a strong link between Alzheimer's disease and the intake of processed foods. Researchers at the Bond University came to this conclusion after analysing the dietary habits of 438 Australians, out of which 108 showed signs of Alzheimer's. The study has been published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. It used data from the Australian Imaging Biomarker and Lifestyle Study of Aging which since 2006 has been tracking a group of people and observing the development of Alzheimer's in some participants. Dietary habits and Alzheimer's The study found that those diagnosed with Alzheimer's consume meat pies, sausages, ham, pizza and hamburgers more often than their healthier counterparts. The examination of their dietary habits also revealed that they consumed fewer vegetables and fruits like oranges, strawberries, avocado, capsicum, cucumber, carrots, cabbage and spinach. Watch: Gravitas | 17-Year-Old Hemesh's miracle tech gives new hope to Alzheimer's patients × It was also found that those with Alzheimer's consumed less wine, both red and white, than the healthier group. Takeaways Dementia is a global problem, affecting more than 55 million people, with 60 per cent of them living in low and middle-income nations. The number is expected to almost double in the coming 20 years, reaching 82 million in 2030. The disease currently has no treatment or cure and affects up to one in 10 Australians aged over 65. Lead author of the study and PhD candidate Tahera Ahmed says the new revelation should encourage youngsters to increase the intake of fruits and vegetables, while decreasing reliance on processed foods. "Alzheimer's development in the brain begins in middle age and its effects can be attributed to an uncontrolled lifestyle from a younger age," Tahera was quoted as saying by Medical Xpress. Also read: Scientists reveal 11 dementia risk factors that could determine who all are at risk "Raising awareness among the youth about the benefits of consuming leafy greens, organic foods, or home-cooked meals is essential, as opposed to regularly indulging in junk or processed foods,” she added. "Such dietary habits impact brain health and contribute to vascular issues and obesity, highlighting the interconnectedness of these health concerns," Tahera further said. (With inputs from agencies)

Strong link found between Alzheimer's disease and intake of processed food: Study

Alzheimer's disease can take a toll on the patient as well as their loved ones as cognitive decline and neurodegeneration introduces severe impediments as the disease progresses. Some of the ways to detect presence of Alzmeimer's disease is by making expensive brain scans or carrying out painful lumbar punctures. But a study has now said that a simple blood test may give as accurate results as those yielded by traditional methods in determining whether a person has Alzheimer's disease or not. What's more, the blood test is already available in the market.

The study has been published in journal Jama Neurology on Monday (January 22). In some countries, in order to receive medicines for Alzhemier's, the patient needs to prove that they have accumulation of amyloids in their brain. Accumulation of amyloids is one of the indicators of Alzheimer's disease.

Watch | Scientists sound alarm for potential outbreak

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“It’s just impossible to do spinal taps and brain scans on everyone that would need it worldwide. So this is where the blood test [has] a huge potential.” said Dr Nicholas Ashton from Gothenburg University, who is also the first author of the study.

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In their published study, the authors have said that the protein p-tau217 was a biomarker for Alzheimer's. In other words, presence of this protein has implications on the doctor's diagnosis about whether a person has Alzheimer's disease or not.

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The researchers focussed on a commercially available blood test called ALZpath. They analysed results obtained from 786 people in the US, Canada and Spain. These people had also had a lumbar puncture or an amyloid PET scan to detect presence of tau proteins in their brain. Three trials were carried out and it was seen in all of them that ALZpath blood test was as effective as traditional methods to detect signs of Alzheimer's.

“80% of individuals could be definitively diagnosed on a blood test without any other investigation,” Ashton said.

He was quoted by The Guardian.

(With inputs from agencies)

Alzheimer's disease can take a toll on the patient as well as their loved ones as cognitive decline and neurodegeneration introduces severe impediments as the disease progresses.

Alzheimer's disease can take a toll on the patient as well as their loved ones as cognitive decline and neurodegeneration introduces severe impediments as the disease progresses. Some of the ways to detect presence of Alzmeimer's disease is by making expensive brain scans or carrying out painful lumbar punctures. But a study has now said that a simple blood test may give as accurate results as those yielded by traditional methods in determining whether a person has Alzheimer's disease or not. What's more, the blood test is already available in the market. The study has been published in journal Jama Neurology on Monday (January 22). In some countries, in order to receive medicines for Alzhemier's, the patient needs to prove that they have accumulation of amyloids in their brain. Accumulation of amyloids is one of the indicators of Alzheimer's disease. Watch | Scientists sound alarm for potential outbreak × “It’s just impossible to do spinal taps and brain scans on everyone that would need it worldwide. So this is where the blood test [has] a huge potential.” said Dr Nicholas Ashton from Gothenburg University, who is also the first author of the study. Also Read | Beware! You might be making your pets sick unknowingly, new study suggests In their published study, the authors have said that the protein p-tau217 was a biomarker for Alzheimer's. In other words, presence of this protein has implications on the doctor's diagnosis about whether a person has Alzheimer's disease or not. Also Read | ‘Zombie’ virus, after remaining frozen 48,500 years in Arctic, may cause a deadly pandemic, warn scientists The researchers focussed on a commercially available blood test called ALZpath. They analysed results obtained from 786 people in the US, Canada and Spain. These people had also had a lumbar puncture or an amyloid PET scan to detect presence of tau proteins in their brain. Three trials were carried out and it was seen in all of them that ALZpath blood test was as effective as traditional methods to detect signs of Alzheimer's. “80% of individuals could be definitively diagnosed on a blood test without any other investigation,” Ashton said. He was quoted by The Guardian. (With inputs from agencies)

Study finds simple blood test to be effective in detecting Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's Disease can significantly impact the lives of those who have it. What starts as a mild memory loss gradually develops into cognitive impairment that may make the patient unable to carry out normal conversation due to memory issues. There is a genetic link to this disease and till date, no sure shot cure has been found.

But all is not lost&nbsp;as scientists and medical professionals continue to study how to defeat the disease. The case of a Colombian woman has ignited new hope.

In a study, as reported by ScienceAlert, the woman has the genetic variant that is linked with Alzheimer's disease but has not exhibited cognitive decline that is associated with it. The gene variant, called APOE3 Christchurch causes late onset of Alzheimer's disease. This means the disease starts showing symptoms in later part of life of the patient.

Watch | Safety concerns surround Neuralink's human brain implant trials

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In the study, scientists studied mice with similar gene mutation and found similar results.

<h2>What causes Alzheimer's?</h2>

The Alzheimer's disease takes about 30 years to develop, says the report. The disease starts showing symptoms when the accumulation of a substance called amyloids crosses a critical value in the brain. This kicks off a destructive process in which proteins called tau begin affecting brain metabolism and shrink the brain tissue.

The intensity of symptoms depends on how fast the 'microglia' or the cleaning cells of the brain are able to clean up amyloid deposition.

The Colombian woman is from a family with a history of Alzheimer's. In this family, the disease is triggered by gene mutation in presenilin-1. This increases amyloid plaques in brain.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/miracle-treatment-that-reduces-late-stage-liver-cancer-developed-claim-hong-kong-researchers-669569">'Miracle' treatment that reduces late-stage liver cancer developed, claim Hong Kong researchers</a>

The woman has the gene but reportedly has not shown symptoms even in her 70s.

A 2019 study carried out by Washington University School of Medicine has found that the woman has two copies of APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3ch) gene. Having one copy of the gene makes a person more likely to have the disease.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/dominant-female-meerkats-kill-other-females-and-eat-their-babies-study-shows-why-669538">Move over alpha male! The alpha female meerkat is a brutal killer who eats babies</a>

The study has been published in journal Cell and the findings are likely to help journey towards finding a cure for Alzheimer's disease.

(With inputs from agencies)

Alzheimer's Disease can significantly impact the lives of those who have it. What starts as a mild memory loss gradually develops into cognitive impairment that may make the patient unable to carry out normal conversation due to memory issues.

Alzheimer's Disease can significantly impact the lives of those who have it. What starts as a mild memory loss gradually develops into cognitive impairment that may make the patient unable to carry out normal conversation due to memory issues. There is a genetic link to this disease and till date, no sure shot cure has been found. But all is not lost as scientists and medical professionals continue to study how to defeat the disease. The case of a Colombian woman has ignited new hope. In a study, as reported by ScienceAlert, the woman has the genetic variant that is linked with Alzheimer's disease but has not exhibited cognitive decline that is associated with it. The gene variant, called APOE3 Christchurch causes late onset of Alzheimer's disease. This means the disease starts showing symptoms in later part of life of the patient. Watch | Safety concerns surround Neuralink's human brain implant trials × In the study, scientists studied mice with similar gene mutation and found similar results. What causes Alzheimer's? The Alzheimer's disease takes about 30 years to develop, says the report. The disease starts showing symptoms when the accumulation of a substance called amyloids crosses a critical value in the brain. This kicks off a destructive process in which proteins called tau begin affecting brain metabolism and shrink the brain tissue. The intensity of symptoms depends on how fast the 'microglia' or the cleaning cells of the brain are able to clean up amyloid deposition. The Colombian woman is from a family with a history of Alzheimer's. In this family, the disease is triggered by gene mutation in presenilin-1. This increases amyloid plaques in brain. Also Read | 'Miracle' treatment that reduces late-stage liver cancer developed, claim Hong Kong researchers The woman has the gene but reportedly has not shown symptoms even in her 70s. A 2019 study carried out by Washington University School of Medicine has found that the woman has two copies of APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3ch) gene. Having one copy of the gene makes a person more likely to have the disease. Also Read | Move over alpha male! The alpha female meerkat is a brutal killer who eats babies The study has been published in journal Cell and the findings are likely to help journey towards finding a cure for Alzheimer's disease. (With inputs from agencies)

A woman 'defied' Alzheimer's disease, the case may help find a cure

Till now we don't have cure for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia and according to World Health Organization (WHO), contributed to 60-70 per cent of cases of dementia. WHO says that more than 55 million people in the world suffer from dementia worldwide.

There is no cure for Alzheimer's yet but much efforts are being put into prevention or at least early detection of the disease.

Another addition to this approach against the disease is a "fitness tracker for brain health".

It is a custom-made headband made by a team from University of Colorado, University of Miami and Washington University, reported ScienceAlert. The band repeatedly uses electroencephalography (EEG) to track brain wave patterns which may indicate early signs of dementia much before the disease begins to affect our behaviour.

"Demonstrating how we can assess digital biomarkers for early indications of disease using accessible and scalable headband devices in a home setting is a huge advancement in catching and mitigating Alzheimer's disease at the earliest stages," says clinical neurologist Brice McConnell from the University of Colorado.

The trials included 205 older adults. Researchers used the headbands to detect neural events like theta bursts, sleep spindles and slow waves. These are types of brain activity associated with how memories are processed during sleep.

A link between poor sleep quality and Alzheimer's has already been seen by scientists but the exact nature has so far proven to be elusive. As of today, it is not fully clear how sleep has an influence Alzheimer's progression and vice versa.

The team of researchers identified changes in neural pattern when a person sleeps. They focussed on patterns that could be related to build up of amyloid tau proteins that are typically found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.&nbsp;

"What we found is these abnormal levels of proteins are related to sleep memory reactivations, which we could identify in people's brainwave patterns before they experienced any symptoms," says McConnell.

So will such headbands be widely available? There is some time for that as research is still going on over what exactly causes Alzheimer's. But the day such headbands become easily available, it will truly be a great step.&nbsp;

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Till now we don't have cure for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia and according to World Health Organization (WHO), contributed to 60-70 per cent of cases of dementia.

Till now we don't have cure for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia and according to World Health Organization (WHO), contributed to 60-70 per cent of cases of dementia. WHO says that more than 55 million people in the world suffer from dementia worldwide. There is no cure for Alzheimer's yet but much efforts are being put into prevention or at least early detection of the disease. Another addition to this approach against the disease is a "fitness tracker for brain health". It is a custom-made headband made by a team from University of Colorado, University of Miami and Washington University, reported ScienceAlert. The band repeatedly uses electroencephalography (EEG) to track brain wave patterns which may indicate early signs of dementia much before the disease begins to affect our behaviour. "Demonstrating how we can assess digital biomarkers for early indications of disease using accessible and scalable headband devices in a home setting is a huge advancement in catching and mitigating Alzheimer's disease at the earliest stages," says clinical neurologist Brice McConnell from the University of Colorado. The trials included 205 older adults. Researchers used the headbands to detect neural events like theta bursts, sleep spindles and slow waves. These are types of brain activity associated with how memories are processed during sleep. A link between poor sleep quality and Alzheimer's has already been seen by scientists but the exact nature has so far proven to be elusive. As of today, it is not fully clear how sleep has an influence Alzheimer's progression and vice versa. The team of researchers identified changes in neural pattern when a person sleeps. They focussed on patterns that could be related to build up of amyloid tau proteins that are typically found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. "What we found is these abnormal levels of proteins are related to sleep memory reactivations, which we could identify in people's brainwave patterns before they experienced any symptoms," says McConnell. So will such headbands be widely available? There is some time for that as research is still going on over what exactly causes Alzheimer's. But the day such headbands become easily available, it will truly be a great step. WATCH WION LIVE HERE × You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

'Fitness tracker for brain health' may warn you about Alzheimer's: Study

What can be called a massive breakthrough in the field of fighting Alzheimer's, a research said Monday (July 17) that an experimental medicine from Eli Lilly works best if Alzheimer's patients are treated as early as possible with it.

What can be called a massive breakthrough in the field of fighting Alzheimer's, a research said Monday (July 17) that an experimental medicine from Eli Lilly works best if Alzheimer's patients are treated as early as possible with it. The research, published in JAMA, emerged as a new ray of hope for all those who are suffering from this condition. It says that the medication would ideally help before patients develop symptoms of the brain-wasting disease. This is the latest promising development for treating the most common form of dementia. Alzheimer's is a type of dementia that affects the brain. It slowly destroys memory and thinking skills and the ability to carry out the simplest tasks in day-to-day life. The new trial data was presented at the Alzheimer's Association International Conference in Amsterdam. It stated that the medicine, Donanemab, has been shown to slow the progression of memory and thinking problems by about a third. However, the rate doubles to 60 per cent if it is started when patients are only mildly impaired. Also read: Eli Lilly's new Alzheimer's drug shows promise of slowing down memory decline There's no cure for Alzheimer's or any disease-modifying treatment, but Donanemab has shown positive results in its first trials. The research included over 1,700 patients, and a comprehensive analysis of the trial revealed that results were less robust for older, later-stage individuals, as well as those with greater levels of tau, a protein linked to Alzheimer's disease progression. Anne White, who is the president of neuroscience at Lilly, said that the findings highlight that "earlier detection and diagnosis can really change the trajectory of this disease". Company awaits FDA approval The medicine has not been approved yet, as Lilly expects the US Food and Drug Administration to determine whether to approve Donanemab before the end of this year. The company said that the submissions to additional global regulators are underway and that the majority will be finished by the end of the year. This medication is like the recently approved Eisai and Biogen drug Leqembi, which is an injectable antibody designed to remove deposits of a protein called beta-amyloid from Alzheimer's patient's brains. Dr Susan Kohlhaas, who is the executive director of research and partnerships at Alzheimer's Research UK referred to Lilly's data released on Monday, and said that "these results provide further confirmation that removing amyloid from the brain can change the course of Alzheimer's, and may help people affected by this devastating disease if they're treated at the right time." Also read: Research discovers repair process that fixes damaged hearing cells Are we winning against Alzheimer's? The result is promising, and millions of people who are struggling hope to make their lives better. Maybe not fully, but to help them partially as the brain disorder due to Alzheimer's gets worse over time. While dealing with Alzheimer's, what's important first and foremost is to raise awareness and address the common stigma that surrounds disease-related dementia. A World Health Organization (WHO) published earlier this year in March mentioned that more than 55 million people have dementia worldwide currently, over 60 per cent of whom live in low-and middle-income countries. Every year, there are nearly 10 million new cases. Dementia is caused by a number of diseases and traumas to the brain and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, accounting for 60-70 per cent of cases. Dementia is now the seventh largest cause of death and one of the primary causes of impairment and dependency among the world's elderly, WHO said. Maybe we are not winning, but even a positive breakthrough can be massive for those who are losing cognitive functioning and behavioural abilities. Watch this report: × Are there side effects? Lilly's research states that brain swelling, a recognised side effect of amyloid-clearing antibodies, occurred in more than 40 per cent of Alzheimer's patients. According to the company, brain swelling affected 24 per cent of the entire Donanemab treatment group. Brain haemorrhage occurred in approximately 31 per cent of the Donanemab group and around 14 per cent of the placebo group. According to the researchers, the medication was connected to the deaths of three study patients. The study investigator Dr Liana Apostolova, who is a professor in Alzheimer's Disease research at Indiana University School of Medicine, said that "these side effects should not be taken lightly," but most cases were manageable by monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or stopping the medicine. She said that doctors are likely to use "very stringent MRI safety screening while we treat these patients". Donanemab's treatment impact increased relative to the placebo during the duration of the 18-month trial, according to Lilly, even for patients who were taken off the drug after their levels of amyloid deposits dropped dramatically. Meanwhile, White said that "at the end of the trial, the average patient had been without drug for seven months and yet they continued to benefit." She said the findings support the idea that Donanemab can be stopped once amyloid is cleared from the brain. Dr Liz Coulthard, an associate professor in dementia neurology at the University of Bristol, said, "Some patients did not worsen significantly during the trial and on the average progression of disease was slowed 4.4-7.5 months over 18 months." Despite the side effects, some are hopeful. Dr Reisa Sperling, who directs the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, said that the latest study "gives me great hope" for the outcomes of those prevention trials. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Explained | Will we defeat Alzheimer's? Why new trial with 60% success is a beacon of hope

The first sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may appear in the eyes, according to a recent study. Researchers have been exploring how the eye may help in diagnosing Alzheimer’s before symptoms begin.

The first sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may appear in the eyes, according to a recent study. Researchers have been exploring how the eye may help in diagnosing Alzheimer’s before symptoms begin. According to a report by CNN health on Friday (March 24), Dr Christine Greer, director of medical education at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida, said, "The eye is the window to the brain." “You can see directly into the nervous system by looking into the back of the eye, toward the optic nerve and retina,” Dr Greer added. Dr Richard Isaacson, an Alzheimer’s preventive neurologist working at the same institute, said that the disease begins in the brain decades before the first symptoms of memory loss. Dr Isaacson said if doctors are able to identify Alzheimer's in its earliest stages, people can then make healthy lifestyle choices and control their modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, as per the report. The study, published in Acta Neuropathologica in February, said that Alzheimer’s disease pathologies were discovered in the accessible neurosensory retina. "However, their exact nature and topographical distribution, particularly in the early stages of functional impairment, and how they relate to disease progression in the brain remain largely unknown," it said. To better understand the pathological features of the disease in the retina, researchers conducted an extensive histopathological and biochemical investigation of postmortem retina and brain tissues from 86 human donors. The study said that a quantitative examination of superior and inferior temporal retinas from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's patients compared to those with normal cognition (NC) revealed significant increases in amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) forms and novel intraneuronal Aβ oligomers (AβOi), which were closely associated with exacerbated retinal macrogliosis, microgliosis, and tissue atrophy. "These pathologies were unevenly distributed across retinal layers and geometrical areas, with the inner layers and peripheral sub-regions exhibiting most pronounced accumulations in the MCI and AD versus NC retinas. While microgliosis was increased in the retina of these patients, the proportion of microglial cells engaging in Aβ uptake was reduced," it added. The study also pointed out that female patients exhibited higher levels of retinal microgliosis than males. Proteomic analysis of Alzheimer's retinas revealed activation of specific inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial, and photoreceptor-related pathways. In a statement, author Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui, a professor of neurosurgery and biomedical sciences at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, said that the study is the first to provide an in-depth analyses of the protein profiles and the molecular, cellular, and structural effects of the disease in the human retina and how they correspond with changes in the brain and cognitive function. “These changes in the retina correlated with changes in parts of the brain called the entorhinal and temporal cortices, a hub for memory, navigation and the perception of time,” Koronyo-Hamaoui added. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

First signs of Alzheimer's may appear in the eyes, study shows

Some send divers in speed boats, others dispatch submersible robots to search the seafloor, and one team deploys a "mud missile" -- all tools used by scientists to scour the world's oceans for the next potent cancer treatment or antibiotic.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

A medicinal molecule could be found in microbes scooped up in sediment, be produced by porous sponges or sea squirts -- barrel-bodied creatures that cling to rocks or the undersides of boats -- or by bacteria living symbiotically in a snail.&nbsp;

But once a compound reveals potential for the treatment of, say, Alzheimer's or epilepsy, developing it into a drug typically takes a decade or more, and costs hundreds of millions of dollars.

"Suppose you want to cure cancer -- how do you know what to study?" said William Fenical, a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, considered a pioneer in the hunt for marine-derived medicines.&nbsp;

"You don't."

With tight budgets and little support from big pharma, scientists often piggyback on other research expeditions.

Marcel Jaspars of Scotland's University of Aberdeen said colleagues collect samples by dropping a large metal tube on a 5,000 metres (16,400 feet) cable that "rams" the seafloor. A more sophisticated method uses small, remotely operated underwater vehicles.

"I say to people, all I really want is a tube of mud," he told AFP.

This small but innovative area of marine exploration is in the spotlight at crucial UN high seas treaty negotiations, covering waters beyond national jurisdiction, which could wrap up this week with new rules governing marine protected areas crucial for protecting biodiversity.&nbsp;

Nations have long tussled over how to share benefits from marine genetic resources in the open ocean -- including compounds used in medicines, bioplastics and food stabilisers, said Daniel Kachelriess, a High Seas Alliance co-lead on the issue at the negotiations.

And yet only a small number of products with marine genetic resources find their way onto the market, with just seven recorded in 2019, he said. The value of potential royalties has been estimated at $10 million to $30 million a year.&nbsp;

But the huge biological diversity of the oceans means there is likely much more to be discovered.&nbsp;&nbsp;

"The more we look, the more we find," said Jaspars, whose lab specialises in compounds from the world's extreme environments, like underwater hydrothermal vents and polar regions.

Natural origins

Since Alexander Fleming discovered a bacteria-repelling mould he called penicillin in 1928, researchers have studied and synthesised chemical compounds made by mostly land-based plants, animals, insects and microbes to treat human disease.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

"The vast majority of the antibiotics and anti-cancer&nbsp;drugs&nbsp;come from natural sources," Fenical told AFP, adding that when he started out in 1973, people were sceptical that the oceans had something to offer.&nbsp;

In one early breakthrough in the mid-1980s, Fenical and colleagues discovered a type of sea whip -- a soft coral -- growing on reefs in the Bahamas that produced a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties.&nbsp;

It caught the eye of cosmetics firm Estee Lauder, which helped develop it for use in its product at the time.

But the quantities of sea whips needed to research and market the compound ultimately led Fenical to abandon marine animals and instead focus on microorganisms.

Researchers scoop sediment from the ocean floor and then grow the microbes they find in the lab.&nbsp;

In 1991 Fenical and his colleagues found a previously-unknown marine bacterium called Salinispora in the mud off the coast of the Bahamas.&nbsp;

More than a decade of work yielded two anti-cancer&nbsp;drugs, one for lung cancer and the other for the untreatable brain tumour glioblastoma. Both are in the final stages of clinical trials.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Fenical -- who at 81 still runs a lab at Scripps -- said researchers were thrilled to have got this far, but the excitement is tempered by caution. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

"You never know if something is going to be really good, or not at all useful," he said.

New frontiers

That long pipeline is no surprise to Carmen Cuevas Marchante, head of research and development at the Spanish biotech firm PharmaMar.&nbsp;

For their first drug, they started out by cultivating and collecting some 300 tonnes of the bulbous sea squirt. &nbsp;

"From one tonne we could isolate less than one gram" of the compound they needed for clinical trials, she told AFP.&nbsp;

The company now has three cancer&nbsp;drugs&nbsp;approved, all derived from sea squirts, and has fine-tuned its methods for making synthetic versions of natural compounds.

Even if everything goes right, Marchante said, it can take 15 years between discovery and having a product to market.&nbsp;

Overall, there have been 17 marine-derived&nbsp;drugs&nbsp;approved to treat human disease since 1969, with some 40 in various stages of clinical trials around the world, according to the online tracker Marine Drug Pipeline.&nbsp;

Those already on the market include a herpes antiviral from a sponge and a powerful pain drug from a cone snail, but most treat cancer.&nbsp;

That, experts say, is partly because the huge costs of clinical trials -- potentially topping a billion dollars -- favours the development of more expensive&nbsp;drugs.

But there is a "myriad" of early-stage research on marine-derived compounds for anything from malaria to tuberculosis, said Alejandro Mayer, a pharmacology professor at Illinois' Midwestern University who runs the Marine Pipeline project and whose own speciality is the brain's immune system.

That means there is still huge potential to find the next antibiotic or HIV therapy, scientists say. &nbsp;

It might be produced by a creature buried in ocean sediment or quietly clinging to a boat's hull.

Or it could be already in our possession: laboratories around the world hold libraries of compounds that can be tested against new diseases.&nbsp;

"There's a whole new frontier out there," said Fenical.&nbsp;

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Some send divers in speed boats, others dispatch submersible robots to search the seafloor, and one team deploys a "mud missile" -- all tools used by scientists to scour the world's oceans for the next potent cancer treatment or antibiotic.

Some send divers in speed boats, others dispatch submersible robots to search the seafloor, and one team deploys a "mud missile" -- all tools used by scientists to scour the world's oceans for the next potent cancer treatment or antibiotic. A medicinal molecule could be found in microbes scooped up in sediment, be produced by porous sponges or sea squirts -- barrel-bodied creatures that cling to rocks or the undersides of boats -- or by bacteria living symbiotically in a snail. But once a compound reveals potential for the treatment of, say, Alzheimer's or epilepsy, developing it into a drug typically takes a decade or more, and costs hundreds of millions of dollars. "Suppose you want to cure cancer -- how do you know what to study?" said William Fenical, a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, considered a pioneer in the hunt for marine-derived medicines. "You don't." With tight budgets and little support from big pharma, scientists often piggyback on other research expeditions. Marcel Jaspars of Scotland's University of Aberdeen said colleagues collect samples by dropping a large metal tube on a 5,000 metres (16,400 feet) cable that "rams" the seafloor. A more sophisticated method uses small, remotely operated underwater vehicles. "I say to people, all I really want is a tube of mud," he told AFP. This small but innovative area of marine exploration is in the spotlight at crucial UN high seas treaty negotiations, covering waters beyond national jurisdiction, which could wrap up this week with new rules governing marine protected areas crucial for protecting biodiversity. Nations have long tussled over how to share benefits from marine genetic resources in the open ocean -- including compounds used in medicines, bioplastics and food stabilisers, said Daniel Kachelriess, a High Seas Alliance co-lead on the issue at the negotiations. And yet only a small number of products with marine genetic resources find their way onto the market, with just seven recorded in 2019, he said. The value of potential royalties has been estimated at $10 million to $30 million a year. But the huge biological diversity of the oceans means there is likely much more to be discovered. "The more we look, the more we find," said Jaspars, whose lab specialises in compounds from the world's extreme environments, like underwater hydrothermal vents and polar regions. Natural origins Since Alexander Fleming discovered a bacteria-repelling mould he called penicillin in 1928, researchers have studied and synthesised chemical compounds made by mostly land-based plants, animals, insects and microbes to treat human disease. "The vast majority of the antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs come from natural sources," Fenical told AFP, adding that when he started out in 1973, people were sceptical that the oceans had something to offer. In one early breakthrough in the mid-1980s, Fenical and colleagues discovered a type of sea whip -- a soft coral -- growing on reefs in the Bahamas that produced a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties. It caught the eye of cosmetics firm Estee Lauder, which helped develop it for use in its product at the time. But the quantities of sea whips needed to research and market the compound ultimately led Fenical to abandon marine animals and instead focus on microorganisms. Researchers scoop sediment from the ocean floor and then grow the microbes they find in the lab. In 1991 Fenical and his colleagues found a previously-unknown marine bacterium called Salinispora in the mud off the coast of the Bahamas. More than a decade of work yielded two anti-cancer drugs, one for lung cancer and the other for the untreatable brain tumour glioblastoma. Both are in the final stages of clinical trials. Fenical -- who at 81 still runs a lab at Scripps -- said researchers were thrilled to have got this far, but the excitement is tempered by caution. "You never know if something is going to be really good, or not at all useful," he said. New frontiers That long pipeline is no surprise to Carmen Cuevas Marchante, head of research and development at the Spanish biotech firm PharmaMar. For their first drug, they started out by cultivating and collecting some 300 tonnes of the bulbous sea squirt. "From one tonne we could isolate less than one gram" of the compound they needed for clinical trials, she told AFP. The company now has three cancer drugs approved, all derived from sea squirts, and has fine-tuned its methods for making synthetic versions of natural compounds. Even if everything goes right, Marchante said, it can take 15 years between discovery and having a product to market. Overall, there have been 17 marine-derived drugs approved to treat human disease since 1969, with some 40 in various stages of clinical trials around the world, according to the online tracker Marine Drug Pipeline. Those already on the market include a herpes antiviral from a sponge and a powerful pain drug from a cone snail, but most treat cancer. That, experts say, is partly because the huge costs of clinical trials -- potentially topping a billion dollars -- favours the development of more expensive drugs. But there is a "myriad" of early-stage research on marine-derived compounds for anything from malaria to tuberculosis, said Alejandro Mayer, a pharmacology professor at Illinois' Midwestern University who runs the Marine Pipeline project and whose own speciality is the brain's immune system. That means there is still huge potential to find the next antibiotic or HIV therapy, scientists say. It might be produced by a creature buried in ocean sediment or quietly clinging to a boat's hull. Or it could be already in our possession: laboratories around the world hold libraries of compounds that can be tested against new diseases. "There's a whole new frontier out there," said Fenical. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Drugs from the deep: Scientists explore ocean frontiers

Scientists have tested a new approach to treat Alzheimer's disease. They say 30 mice were cured of the disease in their tests. Watch this report for all details.

Scientists test a new approach to treat Alzheimer's disease

Israeli scientists have said that they cured mice of Alzheimer's using a newly developed molecule. The scientists gave an artificial molecule to 30 mice suffering from Alzheimer’s and found all of them recovered, regaining full cognitive abilities. The research, led by neuroscientists from Ben-Gurion University, was published in the Translational Neurodegeneration journal.&nbsp;

Speaking to the Times of Israel on Tuesday (February 21), the lead author of the research Professor Varda Shoshan-Barmatz said “We are taking a very different approach than efforts at Alzheimer’s medicines that we have seen so far.”

ALSO READ | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/explained-fda-approves-new-alzheimers-drug-for-early-stages-patients-but-what-are-its-safety-concerns-550546">Explained: FDA approves new Alzheimer's medicine for early-stage patients, but what are the safety concerns?</a>

“Most are trying to address plaque that forms in the brain, but we are addressing dysfunction elsewhere. And we’re optimistic. Mice who had Alzheimer’s and received our molecule and then underwent tests had the same cognitive abilities as mice who’d never had Alzheimer’s,” Professor Barmatz added.&nbsp;

According to the Times of Israel report, the molecule appeared to have been effective without significantly reducing the amount of plaque, which Barmatz thought indicated that scientists might have been overly fixated on the plaque. Despite Alzheimer’s being linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, no drug candidates are currently focused on mitochondria.&nbsp;

The report said that Ben-Gurion University set out to normalise mitochondrial activity by countering the harmful effects that occur when VDAC1-a protein- is over-produced.

According to the research, to address the multiple pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), &nbsp;neuronal cultures and a 5 × FAD mouse model of AD were treated with VBIT-4. "We addressed multiple topics related to the disease and its molecular mechanisms using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, q-RT-PCR, 3-D structural analysis and several behavioural tests," it added.&nbsp;

The research suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction with its gatekeeper VDAC1 is a promising target for AD therapeutic intervention, and VBIT-4 is a promising drug candidate for AD treatment.

The VDAC1 plays an important role in regulating the metabolic and energetic functions of mitochondria when produced in normal quantities. However, the scientists found that it is produced in huge levels in the brains of mice with Alzheimer’s, and interferes with mitochondrial activity. On Tuesday, Professor Barmatz told the Times of Israel that in the research, the team shifted the focus of &nbsp;Alzheimer’s treatments from the plaque to this protein, which is produced in the nerve cells around the plaque instead.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ai-powered-chatbot-chatgpt-can-help-detect-early-stages-of-alzheimers-disease-study-549315">AI-powered chatbot, ChatGPT can help detect early stages of Alzheimer's disease: Study</a>

“We prevent this protein from causing cell death, as the molecule interferes with its harmful effect,” she said. Her team developed a molecule that binds to VDAC1.&nbsp;

“By binding to the VDAC1, it prevents it from causing neuronal cell death and other changes associated with Alzheimer’s, including neuro-inflammation and neuro-metabolic dysfunctions,” Barmatz added.&nbsp;

For making the molecule, her team searched scientific libraries for compounds that had qualities suggesting that it would interact with the protein and inhibit its harmful effects. They developed one of the compounds into the molecule, which is designed to prevent changes in the mitochondria. Thirty mice that were suffering from Alzheimer's were given the molecule dosed via their drinking water for five months. Also, a similar number of mice with the disease did not receive the molecule.&nbsp;

Professor Barmatz said on Tuesday the mice underwent various tests. She added that at the start, the mice had a loss of memory and impaired cognitive ability. However, by the end of the experiment, the ones who received the molecule had the same memory and cognitive ability as mice without Alzheimer's.&nbsp;

Barmatz also said, "In the mice with Alzheimer’s, there was a massive neuronal cell death. The molecule prevented neuronal cell death and thus other changes associated with Alzheimer’s, including neuroinflammation and neuro-metabolic dysfunctions."

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Israeli scientists have said that they cured mice of Alzheimer's using a newly developed molecule. The scientists gave an artificial molecule to 30 mice suffering from Alzheimer’s and found all of them recovered, regaining full cognitive abilities.

Israeli scientists have said that they cured mice of Alzheimer's using a newly developed molecule. The scientists gave an artificial molecule to 30 mice suffering from Alzheimer’s and found all of them recovered, regaining full cognitive abilities. The research, led by neuroscientists from Ben-Gurion University, was published in the Translational Neurodegeneration journal. Speaking to the Times of Israel on Tuesday (February 21), the lead author of the research Professor Varda Shoshan-Barmatz said “We are taking a very different approach than efforts at Alzheimer’s medicines that we have seen so far.” ALSO READ | Explained: FDA approves new Alzheimer's medicine for early-stage patients, but what are the safety concerns? “Most are trying to address plaque that forms in the brain, but we are addressing dysfunction elsewhere. And we’re optimistic. Mice who had Alzheimer’s and received our molecule and then underwent tests had the same cognitive abilities as mice who’d never had Alzheimer’s,” Professor Barmatz added. According to the Times of Israel report, the molecule appeared to have been effective without significantly reducing the amount of plaque, which Barmatz thought indicated that scientists might have been overly fixated on the plaque. Despite Alzheimer’s being linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, no drug candidates are currently focused on mitochondria. The report said that Ben-Gurion University set out to normalise mitochondrial activity by countering the harmful effects that occur when VDAC1-a protein- is over-produced. According to the research, to address the multiple pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), neuronal cultures and a 5 × FAD mouse model of AD were treated with VBIT-4. "We addressed multiple topics related to the disease and its molecular mechanisms using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, q-RT-PCR, 3-D structural analysis and several behavioural tests," it added. The research suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction with its gatekeeper VDAC1 is a promising target for AD therapeutic intervention, and VBIT-4 is a promising drug candidate for AD treatment. The VDAC1 plays an important role in regulating the metabolic and energetic functions of mitochondria when produced in normal quantities. However, the scientists found that it is produced in huge levels in the brains of mice with Alzheimer’s, and interferes with mitochondrial activity. On Tuesday, Professor Barmatz told the Times of Israel that in the research, the team shifted the focus of Alzheimer’s treatments from the plaque to this protein, which is produced in the nerve cells around the plaque instead. ALSO READ | AI-powered chatbot, ChatGPT can help detect early stages of Alzheimer's disease: Study “We prevent this protein from causing cell death, as the molecule interferes with its harmful effect,” she said. Her team developed a molecule that binds to VDAC1. “By binding to the VDAC1, it prevents it from causing neuronal cell death and other changes associated with Alzheimer’s, including neuro-inflammation and neuro-metabolic dysfunctions,” Barmatz added. For making the molecule, her team searched scientific libraries for compounds that had qualities suggesting that it would interact with the protein and inhibit its harmful effects. They developed one of the compounds into the molecule, which is designed to prevent changes in the mitochondria. Thirty mice that were suffering from Alzheimer's were given the molecule dosed via their drinking water for five months. Also, a similar number of mice with the disease did not receive the molecule. Professor Barmatz said on Tuesday the mice underwent various tests. She added that at the start, the mice had a loss of memory and impaired cognitive ability. However, by the end of the experiment, the ones who received the molecule had the same memory and cognitive ability as mice without Alzheimer's. Barmatz also said, "In the mice with Alzheimer’s, there was a massive neuronal cell death. The molecule prevented neuronal cell death and thus other changes associated with Alzheimer’s, including neuroinflammation and neuro-metabolic dysfunctions." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Research says 30 mice cured of Alzheimer's using newly developed molecule

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved an experimental medicine named lecanemab for Alzheimer's treatment. Watch this video to know more.

U.S. FDA approves new medicine for Alzheimer's

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved an experimental medicine named lecanemab for Alzheimer's treatment. FDA Director Dr Billy Dunn in a statement said the medicine targets the underlying disease process of Alzheimer's instead of treating the symptoms only.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved an experimental medicine named lecanemab for Alzheimer's treatment. FDA Director Dr Billy Dunn in a statement said the medicine targets the underlying disease process of Alzheimer's instead of treating the symptoms only. “Alzheimer’s disease immeasurably incapacitates the lives of those who suffer from it and has devastating effects on their loved ones. This treatment option is the latest therapy to target and affect the underlying disease process of Alzheimer’s, instead of only treating the symptoms of the disease.” Japan-based Eisai and American company Biogen have jointly developed the medicine. They claim that lecanemab slows down cognitive and functional decline by almost 27 per cent over 18 months. The medicine will be sold under the name Leqembi and its treatment is expected to cost $26,500 per year in the US. The clinical trials of the medicine were published in November last year. Based on the results, some experts hailed it as the next big breakthrough to treat Alzheimer's patients. WATCH | Gravitas: Breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment × “Treatments that deliver tangible benefits to those living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s and early Alzheimer’s dementia are as valuable as treatments that extend the lives of those with other terminal diseases," said US-based Alzheimer’s Association whilst welcoming the test results. Notably, the approval process for Leqembi was expedited after a US congressional report tore into the regulatory agency for approving another Alzheimer's medicine viz. Aduhelm, without proper due diligence. Read more: Experimental drug slows down cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients: Here’s what you need to know Despite test results showing that Aduhelm carried risks of brain swelling and bleeding when administered to patients, the FDA passed it for monoclonal antibody treatment. The FDA has the authority to fast-track the medicines it believes can help patients suffering from serious conditions. Currently, over 6.5 million individuals in the US suffer from Alzheimer's disease. The disease destroys memory, and cognitive skills, often rendering the patient incapable of performing simple, day-to-day tasks. Though there is no cure for the disease, doctors say that treatment therapies and medicines can slow down the effects. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

US FDA approves new ‘breakthrough’ medicine for Alzheimer’s. Here’s what it does

The AI-based chatbot ChatGPT, which drove everyone insane with its ability to create human-like responses when prompted, has now achieved a new milestone in medical science as well! Researchers have found that it can help doctors detect the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.&nbsp;

A study from the Philadelphia-based Drexel University School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems found Open AI's ChatGPT was 80 per cent accurate in predicting early signs of dementia.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-create-a-knife-that-can-smell-tumours-and-detects-womb-cancer-in-seconds-549264">Study shows knife that can ‘smell tumours’, detects womb cancer ‘in seconds’: Here's how it works</a>

The study's authors write in their peer-reviewed paper, published on Dec. 22 in the journal PLOS Digital Health, that the program offers a "promising approach" to assessing Alzheimer's disease. 
"Our proof-of-concept shows that this could be a simple, accessible and adequately sensitive tool for community-based testing," Hualou Liang, a Drexel professor and co-author of the study, said in a news release.

"This could be very useful for early screening and risk assessment before a clinical diagnosis."

Researchers behind the ChatGPT study say because language impairment affects between 60 and 80 per cent of dementia patients, programs that can detect "subtle clues," such as grammar and pronunciation mistakes, hesitation, and forgetting the meaning of words, could help determine whether a patient needs a full examination. Although there is no cure for Alzheimer's, researchers say therapeutic options exist if the disease is spotted early.

"The most commonly used tests for early detection of Alzheimer's look at acoustic features, such as pausing, articulation and vocal quality, in addition to tests of cognition," Liang said. "But we believe the improvement of natural language processing programs provides another path to support early identification of Alzheimer's."

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The programme also outperformed an "acoustic" analysis that only&nbsp;looked at features like pauses, voice strength, and slurring in predicting the severity of a person's dementia.

Felix Agbavor, a doctoral researcher and the paper's lead author, said training ChatGPT with a "massive dataset of interviews," including some with Alzheimer's patients, would provide the information needed to detect speech patterns that could then identify future patients. Moving forward, the researchers plan to develop a web app that could be used as a pre-screening tool for Alzheimer's at home or in a doctor's office.

ChatGPT gained widespread attention after OpenAI made the AI-powered chatbot available for public testing, fascinating users with its ability to respond to a variety of questions.

&nbsp;

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The AI-based chatbot ChatGPT, which drove everyone insane with its ability to create human-like responses when prompted, has now achieved a new milestone in medical science as well!

The AI-based chatbot ChatGPT, which drove everyone insane with its ability to create human-like responses when prompted, has now achieved a new milestone in medical science as well! Researchers have found that it can help doctors detect the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. A study from the Philadelphia-based Drexel University School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems found Open AI's ChatGPT was 80 per cent accurate in predicting early signs of dementia. Also Read | Study shows knife that can ‘smell tumours’, detects womb cancer ‘in seconds’: Here's how it works The study's authors write in their peer-reviewed paper, published on Dec. 22 in the journal PLOS Digital Health, that the program offers a "promising approach" to assessing Alzheimer's disease. "Our proof-of-concept shows that this could be a simple, accessible and adequately sensitive tool for community-based testing," Hualou Liang, a Drexel professor and co-author of the study, said in a news release. "This could be very useful for early screening and risk assessment before a clinical diagnosis." Researchers behind the ChatGPT study say because language impairment affects between 60 and 80 per cent of dementia patients, programs that can detect "subtle clues," such as grammar and pronunciation mistakes, hesitation, and forgetting the meaning of words, could help determine whether a patient needs a full examination. Although there is no cure for Alzheimer's, researchers say therapeutic options exist if the disease is spotted early. "The most commonly used tests for early detection of Alzheimer's look at acoustic features, such as pausing, articulation and vocal quality, in addition to tests of cognition," Liang said. "But we believe the improvement of natural language processing programs provides another path to support early identification of Alzheimer's." Watch | Lensa-AI pictures swarm social media × The programme also outperformed an "acoustic" analysis that only looked at features like pauses, voice strength, and slurring in predicting the severity of a person's dementia. Felix Agbavor, a doctoral researcher and the paper's lead author, said training ChatGPT with a "massive dataset of interviews," including some with Alzheimer's patients, would provide the information needed to detect speech patterns that could then identify future patients. Moving forward, the researchers plan to develop a web app that could be used as a pre-screening tool for Alzheimer's at home or in a doctor's office. ChatGPT gained widespread attention after OpenAI made the AI-powered chatbot available for public testing, fascinating users with its ability to respond to a variety of questions. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

AI-powered chatbot, ChatGPT can help detect early stages of Alzheimer's disease: Study

Scientists have develeped a blood test which can be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease bypassing currently used painful procedures. The blood test may also lead to faster diagnosis of the disease.

Early detection of Alzheimer's is often a challenge. Current method of determining whether a person has Alzheimer's involves brain scanning and painful lumbar puncture.&nbsp;

In lumbar puncture, analysis of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) from spinal chord is carried out. The methods of collecting CSF is painful and patients may suffer from backache and headache after the fluid is extracted.

Watch | Gravitas: Japan approves Alzheimer's blood test kit

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But scientists from University of Pittsburgh along with their colleagues around the world have developed a blood test that may make painful CSF testing not necessary.

“A blood test is cheaper, safer and easier to administer, and it can improve clinical confidence in diagnosing Alzheimer’s and selecting participants for clinical trial and disease monitoring,” said Prof Thomas Karikari from University of Pittsburgh.

It is an antibody-based blood test to detect a specific protein called brain-derived tau. This protein is specifically linked to Alzeimer's disease.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-a-first-scientists-use-artificial-dna-to-kill-cancer-cells-heres-what-you-need-to-know-547276">Explained: In a first! Scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know</a>

For the study, the researchers carried out tests involving 600 patients at various stages of Alzheimer's. It was found the protein levels found with the help of the blood test correspond to those found after CSF analysis.

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Scientists have develeped a blood test which can be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease bypassing currently used painful procedures. The blood test may also lead to faster diagnosis of the disease.

Scientists have develeped a blood test which can be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease bypassing currently used painful procedures. The blood test may also lead to faster diagnosis of the disease. Early detection of Alzheimer's is often a challenge. Current method of determining whether a person has Alzheimer's involves brain scanning and painful lumbar puncture. In lumbar puncture, analysis of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) from spinal chord is carried out. The methods of collecting CSF is painful and patients may suffer from backache and headache after the fluid is extracted. Watch | Gravitas: Japan approves Alzheimer's blood test kit × But scientists from University of Pittsburgh along with their colleagues around the world have developed a blood test that may make painful CSF testing not necessary. “A blood test is cheaper, safer and easier to administer, and it can improve clinical confidence in diagnosing Alzheimer’s and selecting participants for clinical trial and disease monitoring,” said Prof Thomas Karikari from University of Pittsburgh. It is an antibody-based blood test to detect a specific protein called brain-derived tau. This protein is specifically linked to Alzeimer's disease. Also Read | Explained: In a first! Scientists use artificial DNA to kill cancer cells: Here’s what you need to know For the study, the researchers carried out tests involving 600 patients at various stages of Alzheimer's. It was found the protein levels found with the help of the blood test correspond to those found after CSF analysis. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

Scientists develop blood test to detect Alzheimer's disease

Researchers have found that three species of dolphin can show traces of Alzheimer's disease. According to new research, the brains of three species of dolphin were found stranded along the Scottish coast with traces of Alzheimer's disease, and provide greater insight into the disease in other species than humans.&nbsp;

This new research might help researchers find possible answers to unexplained strandings of dolphins along the coast.&nbsp;Alzheimer's is a common disease in humans, it is a neurodegenerative disorder that mostly affects older people, with symptoms such as memory loss, forgetfulness and confusion.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/yellow-brick-road-found-3000-metres-below-surface-of-the-sea-545148">'Yellow brick road' found 3000 metres below surface of the sea</a>

Earlier, different types of dementia have been found in other animals but this will be the first time that Alzheimer's disease has been detected in species other than humans.&nbsp;

The study was published on 13 December in the European Journal of Neuroscience by Scottish researchers who conducted postmortem studies on the brains of 22 toothed whales or odontocetes which to prove their findings in a more detailed way.&nbsp;

<h2>What do the researchers say?</h2>

Mark Dagleish, co-author&nbsp;and a senior clinician in anatomic pathology from the University of Glasgow said, "It’s more in-depth and breadth as it looks at larger numbers of animals from several different species of cetaceans known to be aged for the species (older in age)".&nbsp;

The study looked at specimens from five species of dolphins- Risso’s dolphins, long-finned pilot whales, white-beaked dolphins, harbour porpoises and bottlenose dolphins. Out of&nbsp;the 22 studied specimens, almost 18 were aged.&nbsp;Dagleish further added, "Critically, (it) examined the whole brains to provide lesion (abnormality) profiles using more markers of Alzheimer’s disease"&nbsp;with the same techniques used for human tissues.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/uk-scarlet-fever-on-significant-rise-with-10000-new-cases-what-is-scarlet-fever-and-its-symptoms-545009">UK: Scarlet fever on 'significant rise' with 10,000 new cases, what is scarlet fever and its symptoms?</a>

Spires-Jones,&nbsp;the personal chair of neurodegeneration at the University of Edinburgh’s Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, said, "Whether these pathological changes contribute to these animals stranding is an interesting and important question for future work".&nbsp;

<h2>What does the study say?</h2>

<p data-analytics-observe="off" data-component-name="paragraph" data-editable="text" data-uri="archive.cms.cnn.com/_components/paragraph/instances/paragraph_772A45E1-2B6B-AE17-8AC8-343A93CDB280@published">Findings showed that three aged dolphins, a long-finned pilot whale, a white-beaked dolphin and a bottlenose dolphin, presented brain changes, or lesions, similar to Alzheimer’s disease in humans. These findings are the closest anyone has been able to show that any animal can develop Alzheimer's disease, which was earlier thought to be developed in humans only.&nbsp;

<p data-analytics-observe="off" data-component-name="paragraph" data-editable="text" data-uri="archive.cms.cnn.com/_components/paragraph/instances/paragraph_772A45E1-2B6B-AE17-8AC8-343A93CDB280@published">The odontocetes have been found earlier as well on the UK coasts in groups. Study authors say that this may support the "sick-leader" theory, which is when the group follows an aged leader into shallow waters potentially as a result of the leader's confusion.&nbsp;

<p data-analytics-observe="off" data-component-name="paragraph" data-editable="text" data-uri="archive.cms.cnn.com/_components/paragraph/instances/paragraph_772A45E1-2B6B-AE17-8AC8-343A93CDB280@published">The similar neuropathology of aged dolphins and humans with Alzheimer's disease suggests that marine mammals are susceptible to the disease, but Dagleish cautioned that a diagnosis can only be made if cognitive deficits exist. These are typically discovered through cognitive impairment assessments, which are not possible with postmortem studies.

<p data-analytics-observe="off" data-component-name="paragraph" data-editable="text" data-uri="archive.cms.cnn.com/_components/paragraph/instances/paragraph_772A45E1-2B6B-AE17-8AC8-343A93CDB280@published">&nbsp;

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Researchers have found that three species of dolphin can show traces of Alzheimer's disease. According to new research, the brains of three species of dolphin were found stranded along the Scottish coast with traces of Alzheimer's disease, and provide greater insight into the disease in other species than humans.

Researchers have found that three species of dolphin can show traces of Alzheimer's disease. According to new research, the brains of three species of dolphin were found stranded along the Scottish coast with traces of Alzheimer's disease, and provide greater insight into the disease in other species than humans. This new research might help researchers find possible answers to unexplained strandings of dolphins along the coast. Alzheimer's is a common disease in humans, it is a neurodegenerative disorder that mostly affects older people, with symptoms such as memory loss, forgetfulness and confusion. Also Read | 'Yellow brick road' found 3000 metres below surface of the sea Earlier, different types of dementia have been found in other animals but this will be the first time that Alzheimer's disease has been detected in species other than humans. The study was published on 13 December in the European Journal of Neuroscience by Scottish researchers who conducted postmortem studies on the brains of 22 toothed whales or odontocetes which to prove their findings in a more detailed way. What do the researchers say? Mark Dagleish, co-author and a senior clinician in anatomic pathology from the University of Glasgow said, "It’s more in-depth and breadth as it looks at larger numbers of animals from several different species of cetaceans known to be aged for the species (older in age)". The study looked at specimens from five species of dolphins- Risso’s dolphins, long-finned pilot whales, white-beaked dolphins, harbour porpoises and bottlenose dolphins. Out of the 22 studied specimens, almost 18 were aged. Dagleish further added, "Critically, (it) examined the whole brains to provide lesion (abnormality) profiles using more markers of Alzheimer’s disease" with the same techniques used for human tissues. Also Read | UK: Scarlet fever on 'significant rise' with 10,000 new cases, what is scarlet fever and its symptoms? Spires-Jones, the personal chair of neurodegeneration at the University of Edinburgh’s Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, said, "Whether these pathological changes contribute to these animals stranding is an interesting and important question for future work". What does the study say? Findings showed that three aged dolphins, a long-finned pilot whale, a white-beaked dolphin and a bottlenose dolphin, presented brain changes, or lesions, similar to Alzheimer’s disease in humans. These findings are the closest anyone has been able to show that any animal can develop Alzheimer's disease, which was earlier thought to be developed in humans only. The odontocetes have been found earlier as well on the UK coasts in groups. Study authors say that this may support the "sick-leader" theory, which is when the group follows an aged leader into shallow waters potentially as a result of the leader's confusion. The similar neuropathology of aged dolphins and humans with Alzheimer's disease suggests that marine mammals are susceptible to the disease, but Dagleish cautioned that a diagnosis can only be made if cognitive deficits exist. These are typically discovered through cognitive impairment assessments, which are not possible with postmortem studies. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Dolphins show traces of Alzheimer's disease: Study

An experimental drug, lecanemab, is being hailed as a breakthrough in&nbsp;Alzheimer's therapy&nbsp;after a clinical trial confirms that it slows the progression of cognitive decline in patients with early stages of the disease. However, a detailed report of the findings&nbsp; published&nbsp;on Tuesday&nbsp;showed&nbsp;serious side effects that certain patients that took the drug suffered, the discussion of which&nbsp;is now at the forefront.&nbsp;

The findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine and subsequently presented at the Clinical Trials on Alzheimer's Disease meeting in San Francisco, on Tuesday.&nbsp;This comes nearly two months after the Japan-based&nbsp;Eisai and American company Biogen, the developers of lecanemab, said it showed huge potential and slowed down cognitive and functional decline by almost 27 per cent over 18 months.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/medical-breakthrough-experimental-alzheimers-drug-slows-cognitive-decline-by-27-per-cent-in-trial-520445">Medical breakthrough? Experimental Alzheimer's drug slows cognitive decline by 27 per cent</a>

The drug was tested on nearly 18,000 participants with early-stage Alzheimer's, while Phase 2, which lasted for a year, did not show a significant difference between patients who received a&nbsp;lecanemab as opposed to a placebo and it was not until Phase 3 that a&nbsp;slowed-down progression was not noted.&nbsp;

Phase 3 trials were conducted in over 230 locations across North America, Europe and Asia between 2019 to 2021 with participants aged from 50 to 90, who suffered from mild cognitive impairment due to early Alzheimer's. At least half of the patients, chosen at random were given lecanemab while others received a placebo.&nbsp;

Subsequently, at&nbsp;least 13 per cent of patients reported dangerous brain swelling and others reported bleeding in the brain during the Phase 3 trials. Furthermore, at least five participants suffered macrohemorrhages and 14 per cent suffered from microhemorrhages, both of which were linked to the drug.&nbsp;

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-studies-show-that-poor-sleep-can-cause-alzheimers-497457">Gravitas: Studies show that poor sleep can cause Alzheimer's</a>

However, the US-based Alzheimer’s Association welcomed the results, in a statement that said, “Treatments that deliver tangible benefits to those living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s and early Alzheimer’s dementia are as valuable as treatments that extend the lives of those with other terminal diseases.”&nbsp;

Lecanemab is said to be an antibody therapy which removes beta-amyloid which are clumps of protein building up in the brain. While it has not been determined how much of this build-up leads to Alzheimer’s in patients, it does indicate how the brain changes due to this&nbsp;and eventually destroys brain cells.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-world-alzheimers-day-expert-tells-wion-how-to-take-care-of-alzheimers-patient-at-home-518411">World Alzheimer's Day: Expert tells WION how to take care of Alzheimer's patient at home</a>

Notably, over the span of 18 months, 68 per cent of the participants who took the drug had amyloid clearance as well as lower levels of a different protein, tau, that forms toxic tangles inside brain cells, said the Japanese drugmaker. In an interview with Reuters, Ivan Cheung, Eisai's US chairman&nbsp;said the two deaths caused by brain haemorrhages “cannot be attributed to lecanemab.”&nbsp;

Referring to the two participants, where a 65-year-old woman was on medication for clearing blood clots after suffering a stroke and an 87-year-old who was on a blood thinner drug called Eliquis. Eisai said that the company had protocols in place for monitoring brain swelling in participants but sees no need for restrictions on which patients might be eligible for the Alzheimer's drug.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

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An experimental drug, lecanemab, is being hailed as a breakthrough in Alzheimer's therapy after a clinical trial confirms that it slows the progression of cognitive decline in patients with early stages of the disease.

An experimental drug, lecanemab, is being hailed as a breakthrough in Alzheimer's therapy after a clinical trial confirms that it slows the progression of cognitive decline in patients with early stages of the disease. However, a detailed report of the findings published on Tuesday showed serious side effects that certain patients that took the drug suffered, the discussion of which is now at the forefront. The findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine and subsequently presented at the Clinical Trials on Alzheimer's Disease meeting in San Francisco, on Tuesday. This comes nearly two months after the Japan-based Eisai and American company Biogen, the developers of lecanemab, said it showed huge potential and slowed down cognitive and functional decline by almost 27 per cent over 18 months. ALSO READ | Medical breakthrough? Experimental Alzheimer's drug slows cognitive decline by 27 per cent The drug was tested on nearly 18,000 participants with early-stage Alzheimer's, while Phase 2, which lasted for a year, did not show a significant difference between patients who received a lecanemab as opposed to a placebo and it was not until Phase 3 that a slowed-down progression was not noted. Phase 3 trials were conducted in over 230 locations across North America, Europe and Asia between 2019 to 2021 with participants aged from 50 to 90, who suffered from mild cognitive impairment due to early Alzheimer's. At least half of the patients, chosen at random were given lecanemab while others received a placebo. Subsequently, at least 13 per cent of patients reported dangerous brain swelling and others reported bleeding in the brain during the Phase 3 trials. Furthermore, at least five participants suffered macrohemorrhages and 14 per cent suffered from microhemorrhages, both of which were linked to the drug. ALSO WATCH | Gravitas: Studies show that poor sleep can cause Alzheimer's However, the US-based Alzheimer’s Association welcomed the results, in a statement that said, “Treatments that deliver tangible benefits to those living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s and early Alzheimer’s dementia are as valuable as treatments that extend the lives of those with other terminal diseases.” Lecanemab is said to be an antibody therapy which removes beta-amyloid which are clumps of protein building up in the brain. While it has not been determined how much of this build-up leads to Alzheimer’s in patients, it does indicate how the brain changes due to this and eventually destroys brain cells. ALSO READ | World Alzheimer's Day: Expert tells WION how to take care of Alzheimer's patient at home Notably, over the span of 18 months, 68 per cent of the participants who took the drug had amyloid clearance as well as lower levels of a different protein, tau, that forms toxic tangles inside brain cells, said the Japanese drugmaker. In an interview with Reuters, Ivan Cheung, Eisai's US chairman said the two deaths caused by brain haemorrhages “cannot be attributed to lecanemab.” Referring to the two participants, where a 65-year-old woman was on medication for clearing blood clots after suffering a stroke and an 87-year-old who was on a blood thinner drug called Eliquis. Eisai said that the company had protocols in place for monitoring brain swelling in participants but sees no need for restrictions on which patients might be eligible for the Alzheimer's drug. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Experimental drug slows down cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients: Here’s what you need to know

Did you know that certain genes make you more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease?&nbsp;Other risk factors include lifestyle, age and environment.

If you aren't living under a rock, you must have heard of Hollywood star Chris Hemsworth taking a break from acting over Alzheimer's risk. While shooting his docuseries 'Limitless', the 39-year-old actor got to know that he is eight to ten times more&nbsp;likely than an average person to battle the progressive disease and that has a lot to do with his genes.&nbsp;

After meeting physician Dr Peter Attia, he underwent a series of genetic tests and discovered that his DNA carries two copies of the APOE4 gene. A set from his mom and a set from his dad.

For those uninitiated, the APOE4 gene has the strongest correlation to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. And, according to a study, inheriting a single copy of APOE4 raises the risk of developing Alzheimer's about 3-fold and having two copies raises the risk to about 8 to 12-fold.

Several pieces of research on the progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which is the most common cause of dementia, have identified a number of genes associated with the disease. While risk genes increase your likelihood of developing the disease. Deterministic genes guarantee that you will develop the disease, though these are rare.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwihnPqrsMH7AhXFVHwKHcetBmMQFnoECBAQAQ" href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-expert-talk-doctor-reveals-how-sedentary-lifestyle-leads-to-cardiac-ailments-521168" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-expert-talk-doctor-reveals-how-sedentary-lifestyle-leads-to-cardiac-ailments-521168&amp;ved=2ahUKEwihnPqrsMH7AhXFVHwKHcetBmMQFnoECBAQAQ">Doctor reveals how sedentary lifestyle leads to cardiac ailments</a>

The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) risk gene is the&nbsp;most common gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and it has three common forms. The least common form is APOE e2, which reduces the risk of Alzheimer's. The second form is APOE e4, which increases the risk of Alzheimer's and is associated with getting the disease at an earlier age. The third and last form is APOE e3, which doesn't seem to affect the risk of Alzheimer's.

But you must remember that not everyone who has one or even two APOE4 genes develops Alzheimer's disease. And, the disease can also occur in people who don't have an APOE4 gene.&nbsp;Several other genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of the progressive neurologic disorder.

To find out whether you have this gene in your DNA, you can opt for genetic testing for AD. With a single blood test, doctors can identify which APOE alleles a person has, but, you must remember that the results cannot predict who will or will not develop the disease.

Before being tested, we suggest that you weigh the emotional consequences of having such information. And, the results can affect your eligibility for some forms of insurance, long-term care, disability and life insurance.

Disclaimer: The medical information in this article is not a substitute for expert opinion or doctor's advice. Please consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis.

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Did you know that certain genes make you more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease? Other risk factors include lifestyle, age and environment. If you aren't living under a rock, you must have heard of Hollywood star Chris Hemsworth taking a break from acting over Alzheimer's risk.

Did you know that certain genes make you more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease? Other risk factors include lifestyle, age and environment. If you aren't living under a rock, you must have heard of Hollywood star Chris Hemsworth taking a break from acting over Alzheimer's risk. While shooting his docuseries 'Limitless', the 39-year-old actor got to know that he is eight to ten times more likely than an average person to battle the progressive disease and that has a lot to do with his genes. After meeting physician Dr Peter Attia, he underwent a series of genetic tests and discovered that his DNA carries two copies of the APOE4 gene. A set from his mom and a set from his dad. For those uninitiated, the APOE4 gene has the strongest correlation to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. And, according to a study, inheriting a single copy of APOE4 raises the risk of developing Alzheimer's about 3-fold and having two copies raises the risk to about 8 to 12-fold. Several pieces of research on the progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which is the most common cause of dementia, have identified a number of genes associated with the disease. While risk genes increase your likelihood of developing the disease. Deterministic genes guarantee that you will develop the disease, though these are rare. Also read: Doctor reveals how sedentary lifestyle leads to cardiac ailments The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) risk gene is the most common gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and it has three common forms. The least common form is APOE e2, which reduces the risk of Alzheimer's. The second form is APOE e4, which increases the risk of Alzheimer's and is associated with getting the disease at an earlier age. The third and last form is APOE e3, which doesn't seem to affect the risk of Alzheimer's. But you must remember that not everyone who has one or even two APOE4 genes develops Alzheimer's disease. And, the disease can also occur in people who don't have an APOE4 gene. Several other genetic and environmental factors are involved in the development of the progressive neurologic disorder. To find out whether you have this gene in your DNA, you can opt for genetic testing for AD. With a single blood test, doctors can identify which APOE alleles a person has, but, you must remember that the results cannot predict who will or will not develop the disease. Before being tested, we suggest that you weigh the emotional consequences of having such information. And, the results can affect your eligibility for some forms of insurance, long-term care, disability and life insurance. Disclaimer: The medical information in this article is not a substitute for expert opinion or doctor's advice. Please consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Chris Hemsworth pauses career due to Alzheimer's risk. Here's how to find out if you're at risk

Every year on September 21, World Alzheimer's Day is observed globally to raise awareness and address the common stigma that surrounds Alzheimer-related dementia.

Every year on September 21, World Alzheimer's Day is observed globally to raise awareness and address the common stigma that surrounds Alzheimer-related dementia. Dementia is not a specific disease but is a state in which a person suffers a continuous decline in thinking, behavioural and social skills. These symptoms affect a person's ability to function independently. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia. This disease is a progressive neurological disorder, that impairs memory and other mental functions. It causes the brain to shrink and the brain cells to die. ALSO READ | A severe Victorian disease is making a comeback in UK, warns NHS. Read all about the symptoms and more On World Alzheimer's Day, WION spoke to a neurosurgeon, who explained the best possible ways to take care of Alzheimer's patients at home. From his personal and professional experiences, Dr Nishant Shanker Yagnick, who is a senior consultant of neurosurgery at the Manipal Hospitals, Gurugram shared some unique ways of taking care of an Alzheimer's patient. He said, "Taking care of Alzheimer's patients can be a very difficult and tricky problem." "For many years I have professionally and personally faced the challenge of taking care of someone with his unique set of problems," said Dr Yagnick. He mentioned that he took care of his grandfather, who was an Alzheimer's patient. Identity card He said that the first thing you need to know is that a patient of Alzheimer's, even early Alzheimer's, can "forget where they live, who they are, and become lost". It is not uncommon that a patient of Alzheimer's can wander out onto the street and be lost from the family which is a very sad event. "The number one advice given to all patients is: that they should have ideally a necklace with steel tags, just like we manufacture in Army, which has the patient's name, contact number, and address," he said. ALSO READ | Adults under 65 should get routinely screened for anxiety, recommends a US study panel Community support The second thing you can do is you can make the surroundings of the patient (watchman, members of the society, etc) understand the patient's problem. Any time they see the patient doing something that can be dangerous for their health, they can call for help. "Alzheimer's patients will fight a lot, they can become very aggressive because even though they lose their memory, they don't change their moods. And that's why they get very frustrated if someone tries to stop them from doing something. And that's why community support is absolutely essential to take care of a patient of Alzheimer's," Dr Yagnick added. Puzzles and games He explained that in the later stage of Alzheimer's, the patients just don't lose their memory, they also lose the ability to make new memories quickly, so their learning is reduced. "It's very useful to make sure that such patients get stimulated using puzzles, games, online messages, photographs of their past days and present days, and photographs of what is happening in the world to keep up with current affairs," he noted. Normal treatment He said one should not think that Alzheimer's patients wouldn't remember anything and so one should not take care of them. "Treat them as if they are absolutely normal. Make them sit at the breakfast table, and lunch table," said the doctor. He suggested, "Talk to them about world affairs, talk to them about their day, your day and make sure that you show them pictures because visual memory is good as compared to verbal memory. So, show them pictures of what's happening in the world." While concluding, Dr Yagnick said, "Believe me, these things can slow the progress or delay the ultimate effect that Alzheimer's patients have and in the end, you want the person to feel that they have an absolutely normal life as much as possible." WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

World Alzheimer's Day: Expert tells WION how to take care of Alzheimer's patient at home

Some revolutionary studies act as a base for several other research and analysis are done. But what if the so-called base study is faulty or the material and data used are tampered with?&nbsp;

A similar case has emerged as allegations have been made that part of a vital study of Alzheimer's disease that was published in 2006, may have been fabricated. If the claims emerge to be true, then decades of Alzheimer's research may be based on deliberate fraud that apparently has cost millions of lives.&nbsp;

After the report, the research community is left shocked as concerning questions have been raised over the validity of the study and its influential results.&nbsp;

On Thursday, Science magazine stated that it has uncovered evidence that some images in the study, published 16 years ago in the journal Nature, might have been doctored. Notably, the study has been extensively cited in many reports.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/earliest-known-animal-predator-has-been-named-after-sir-david-attenborough-500912">'Earliest known animal predator' has been named after Sir David Attenborough</a>&nbsp;

Sylvain Lesné, who is a neuroscientist and associate professor at the University of Minnesota, published the study. The work of&nbsp;

The key research led to an understanding that a specific assembly of proteins might act as a promising target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.&nbsp;

The finding was treated a leading theory which stated that the amyloid beta protein formed sticky plaques in the brain that were the main cause of Alzheimer’s.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/video-gamers-have-better-decision-making-skills-says-study-500884">Video gamers have better decision-making skills, says study</a>&nbsp;

It identified a subtype of the protein "amyloid beta star 56" (Aβ*56) as the cause of memory loss in rats.&nbsp;

Dr Matthew Schrag, who is a neuroscientist at Vanderbilt University, voiced raised concerns last year about the possible manipulation of images.&nbsp;

Now, Science magazine said it found more than 20 "suspect" papers by Lesné and more than 70 examples of possible image tampering in his studies have also been identified. &nbsp;

The magazine claimed that the images on Aβ*56 by Lesné had been doctored to inflate the protein's role in the progression of Alzheimer’s.&nbsp;

As quoted by NBC News, Karl Herrup, a professor of neurobiology at the University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, said the findings are "really bad for science."&nbsp;

Herrup who wasn't involved in the investigation, said "It's never shameful to be wrong in science A lot of the best science was done by people being wrong and proving first if they were wrong and then why they were wrong. What is completely toxic to science is to be fraudulent." Herrup works at the school's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.&nbsp;

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Some revolutionary studies act as a base for several other research and analysis are done. But what if the so-called base study is faulty or the material and data used are tampered with?

Some revolutionary studies act as a base for several other research and analysis are done. But what if the so-called base study is faulty or the material and data used are tampered with? A similar case has emerged as allegations have been made that part of a vital study of Alzheimer's disease that was published in 2006, may have been fabricated. If the claims emerge to be true, then decades of Alzheimer's research may be based on deliberate fraud that apparently has cost millions of lives. After the report, the research community is left shocked as concerning questions have been raised over the validity of the study and its influential results. On Thursday, Science magazine stated that it has uncovered evidence that some images in the study, published 16 years ago in the journal Nature, might have been doctored. Notably, the study has been extensively cited in many reports. ALSO READ | 'Earliest known animal predator' has been named after Sir David Attenborough Sylvain Lesné, who is a neuroscientist and associate professor at the University of Minnesota, published the study. The work of The key research led to an understanding that a specific assembly of proteins might act as a promising target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The finding was treated a leading theory which stated that the amyloid beta protein formed sticky plaques in the brain that were the main cause of Alzheimer’s. ALSO READ | Video gamers have better decision-making skills, says study It identified a subtype of the protein "amyloid beta star 56" (Aβ*56) as the cause of memory loss in rats. Dr Matthew Schrag, who is a neuroscientist at Vanderbilt University, voiced raised concerns last year about the possible manipulation of images. Now, Science magazine said it found more than 20 "suspect" papers by Lesné and more than 70 examples of possible image tampering in his studies have also been identified. The magazine claimed that the images on Aβ*56 by Lesné had been doctored to inflate the protein's role in the progression of Alzheimer’s. As quoted by NBC News, Karl Herrup, a professor of neurobiology at the University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, said the findings are "really bad for science." Herrup who wasn't involved in the investigation, said "It's never shameful to be wrong in science A lot of the best science was done by people being wrong and proving first if they were wrong and then why they were wrong. What is completely toxic to science is to be fraudulent." Herrup works at the school's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Key study on Alzheimer's disease may have been a FRAUD that could have impacted millions of lives

In a recent study, experts have found evidence to prove why women are twice as likely as men to develop Alzheimer's disease. &nbsp;

The epidemiological studies done earlier showed the phenomena but the cause of it was unclear. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The new study was published in the journal 'Nature'. &nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/dino-predator-tyrannosaurus-rex-may-have-three-species-not-one-says-study-457767" hreflang="en">Dino predator Tyrannosaurus rex may have three species, not one, says study</a>

The study, which has been led by Prof Keqiang Ye of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, seems to have unraveled the mystery. &nbsp;

It had been a puzzle for mankind for decades. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Integrating earlier studies, the team established the theory that the C/EBPb/AEP pathway was the core factor driving the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. &nbsp;

"Based on this theory, our team searched for female hormones that are dramatically changed during menopause and tested which hormone selectively activates the C/EBPb/AEP pathway," said Prof Ye. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/after-burn-hazard-fitbit-recalls-17-million-ionic-smartwatches-458500" hreflang="en">After burn hazard, Fitbit recalls 1.7 million 'Ionic' smartwatches</a>&nbsp;

The team identified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as the major pathogenic factor. &nbsp;

"During menopause, the serum concentration of FSH strongly increases, binding to the cognate FSH receptor on neurons and activating the C/EBPb/AEP pathway. This resulted in Ab and Tau pathologies, leading to the development of AD," said Dr Zaidi Mone, study’s co-corresponding author and tenured professor at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. &nbsp;

The researchers employed many methods to demonstrate the findings. &nbsp;&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

In a recent study, experts have found evidence to prove why women are twice as likely as men to develop Alzheimer's disease. The epidemiological studies done earlier showed the phenomena but the cause of it was unclear.

In a recent study, experts have found evidence to prove why women are twice as likely as men to develop Alzheimer's disease. The epidemiological studies done earlier showed the phenomena but the cause of it was unclear. The new study was published in the journal 'Nature'. Also Read: Dino predator Tyrannosaurus rex may have three species, not one, says study The study, which has been led by Prof Keqiang Ye of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, seems to have unraveled the mystery. It had been a puzzle for mankind for decades. Integrating earlier studies, the team established the theory that the C/EBPb/AEP pathway was the core factor driving the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. "Based on this theory, our team searched for female hormones that are dramatically changed during menopause and tested which hormone selectively activates the C/EBPb/AEP pathway," said Prof Ye. Also Read: After burn hazard, Fitbit recalls 1.7 million 'Ionic' smartwatches The team identified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as the major pathogenic factor. "During menopause, the serum concentration of FSH strongly increases, binding to the cognate FSH receptor on neurons and activating the C/EBPb/AEP pathway. This resulted in Ab and Tau pathologies, leading to the development of AD," said Dr Zaidi Mone, study’s co-corresponding author and tenured professor at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. The researchers employed many methods to demonstrate the findings. (With inputs from agencies)

Study finds new evidence to prove women more susceptible to Alzheimer's disease

Viagra is a boon for men with erectile dysfunction but a new study says that the pill, often mentioned as a 'wonder pill' may also be linked to reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease.

The study found that Sildenafil, the drug used in Viagra reduced risk of Alzheimer's by whopping 69 per cent. Result of the study has been published in the journal Nature Aging.

A team from Cleveland Clinic analysed a database of more than 7 million patients, and used computational methodology to screen and validate over 1,600 FDA-approved drugs as potential therapies for Alzheimer`s.

The buildup of beta amyloid and tau proteins in the brain leads to amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles -- two hallmarks of Alzheimer`s-related brain changes. The team pinpointed drugs that target both amyloid and tau as having higher scores compared to drugs that target just one or the other.

"Sildenafil, which has been shown to significantly improve cognition and memory in preclinical models, presented as the best drug candidate," said Feixiong Cheng, from Cleveland Clinic`s Genomic Medicine Institute.

Further, the analysis included patients using comparator drugs that either were in an active Alzheimer`s clinical trial (losartan or metformin) or were not yet reported as relevant to the disease (diltiazem or glimepiride).

They found that sildenafil users were 69 per cent less likely to develop Alzheimer`s disease than non-sildenafil users after 6 years of follow-up. Specifically, sildenafil had a 55 per cent reduced risk of the disease compared to losartan, 63 per cent compared to metformin, 65 per cent compared to diltiazem and 64 per cent compared to glimepiride.

"Notably, we found that sildenafil use reduced the likelihood of Alzheimer`s in individuals with coronary artery disease, hypertension and Type-2 diabetes, all of which are comorbidities significantly associated with risk of the disease, as well as in those without," Cheng said.

The researchers also developed an Alzheimer`s patient-derived brain cell model using stem cells.

In the model, they found that sildenafil increased brain cell growth and decreased hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins -- a hallmark which leads to neurofibrillary tangles --, offering biological insights into how sildenafil may influence disease-related brain changes.

(With inputs from agencies)

Viagra is a boon for men with erectile dysfunction but a new study says that the pill, often mentioned as a 'wonder pill' may also be linked to reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Viagra is a boon for men with erectile dysfunction but a new study says that the pill, often mentioned as a 'wonder pill' may also be linked to reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that Sildenafil, the drug used in Viagra reduced risk of Alzheimer's by whopping 69 per cent. Result of the study has been published in the journal Nature Aging. A team from Cleveland Clinic analysed a database of more than 7 million patients, and used computational methodology to screen and validate over 1,600 FDA-approved drugs as potential therapies for Alzheimer`s. The buildup of beta amyloid and tau proteins in the brain leads to amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles -- two hallmarks of Alzheimer`s-related brain changes. The team pinpointed drugs that target both amyloid and tau as having higher scores compared to drugs that target just one or the other. "Sildenafil, which has been shown to significantly improve cognition and memory in preclinical models, presented as the best drug candidate," said Feixiong Cheng, from Cleveland Clinic`s Genomic Medicine Institute. Further, the analysis included patients using comparator drugs that either were in an active Alzheimer`s clinical trial (losartan or metformin) or were not yet reported as relevant to the disease (diltiazem or glimepiride). They found that sildenafil users were 69 per cent less likely to develop Alzheimer`s disease than non-sildenafil users after 6 years of follow-up. Specifically, sildenafil had a 55 per cent reduced risk of the disease compared to losartan, 63 per cent compared to metformin, 65 per cent compared to diltiazem and 64 per cent compared to glimepiride. "Notably, we found that sildenafil use reduced the likelihood of Alzheimer`s in individuals with coronary artery disease, hypertension and Type-2 diabetes, all of which are comorbidities significantly associated with risk of the disease, as well as in those without," Cheng said. The researchers also developed an Alzheimer`s patient-derived brain cell model using stem cells. In the model, they found that sildenafil increased brain cell growth and decreased hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins -- a hallmark which leads to neurofibrillary tangles --, offering biological insights into how sildenafil may influence disease-related brain changes. (With inputs from agencies)

Viagra can reduce risk of Alzheimer's, says study

Scientists in UK believe that they are on the cusp of “treating or preventing ” Alzheimer’s disease.

Researchers at the University of Leicester said they have come up with a “transformative” treatment — a vaccine that would cost only 15 euros (around US $6) per dose.

Experts said the new vaccine could enter clinical trials in humans within two years.

According to the scientists, the “groundbreaking” therapy works by preventing the formation of harmful deposits of protein in the brain linked to memory loss.

Alzheimer’s disease is thought to be caused by the abnormal build-up of proteins in and around brain cells.

One of the proteins involved is called amyloid, deposits of which form plaques around brain cells. The other protein is called tau, deposits of which form tangles within brain cells.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/study-suggests-that-alzheimers-and-covid-19-share-genetic-risk-factor-419232">Study suggests that Alzheimer's and COVID-19 share genetic risk factor</a>

The scientists have identified an antibody – called TAP01-04 – which binds to the shortened toxic form of amyloid beta, preventing the molecules clumping together to form plaques.

This antibody forms the basis of the promising new therapy. Trials on mice with Alzheimer's disease found the antibody helped to restore the function of brain cells as fewer plaques were formed, improving memory.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/viral-infections-could-promote-alzheimers-and-parkinsons-disease-report-422249">Viral infections could promote Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's disease: Report</a>

The scientists are working on a vaccine which triggers the body to generate TAP01-04 antibodies and could soon be offered to people at high risk of Alzheimer's.

The team said its revolutionary approach shows Alzheimer’s could be prevented rather than just treating plaques which have already formed.&nbsp;

Professor Mark Carr, from the University of Leicester, told Daily Mail, “While the science is currently still at an early stage, if these results were to be replicated in human clinical trials, then it could be transformative.”

“It opens up the possibility to not only treat Alzheimer's once symptoms are detected, but also to potentially vaccinate against the disease before symptoms appear,” he added.&nbsp;

Around 55 million people worldwide have dementia, with over 60% living in low- and middle-income countries, according to World Health Organisation.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists in UK believe that they are on the cusp of “treating or preventing ” Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers at the University of Leicester said they have come up with a “transformative” treatment — a vaccine that would cost only 15 euros (around US $6) per dose.

Scientists in UK believe that they are on the cusp of “treating or preventing ” Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers at the University of Leicester said they have come up with a “transformative” treatment — a vaccine that would cost only 15 euros (around US $6) per dose. Experts said the new vaccine could enter clinical trials in humans within two years. According to the scientists, the “groundbreaking” therapy works by preventing the formation of harmful deposits of protein in the brain linked to memory loss. Alzheimer’s disease is thought to be caused by the abnormal build-up of proteins in and around brain cells. One of the proteins involved is called amyloid, deposits of which form plaques around brain cells. The other protein is called tau, deposits of which form tangles within brain cells. Also read | Study suggests that Alzheimer's and COVID-19 share genetic risk factor The scientists have identified an antibody – called TAP01-04 – which binds to the shortened toxic form of amyloid beta, preventing the molecules clumping together to form plaques. This antibody forms the basis of the promising new therapy. Trials on mice with Alzheimer's disease found the antibody helped to restore the function of brain cells as fewer plaques were formed, improving memory. Also read | Viral infections could promote Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's disease: Report The scientists are working on a vaccine which triggers the body to generate TAP01-04 antibodies and could soon be offered to people at high risk of Alzheimer's. The team said its revolutionary approach shows Alzheimer’s could be prevented rather than just treating plaques which have already formed. Professor Mark Carr, from the University of Leicester, told Daily Mail, “While the science is currently still at an early stage, if these results were to be replicated in human clinical trials, then it could be transformative.” “It opens up the possibility to not only treat Alzheimer's once symptoms are detected, but also to potentially vaccinate against the disease before symptoms appear,” he added. Around 55 million people worldwide have dementia, with over 60% living in low- and middle-income countries, according to World Health Organisation. (With inputs from agencies)

'Groundbreaking': UK scientists come up with vaccine therapy that could prevent Alzheimer’s disease

The US Foods and Drug Administration(FDA) on Monday approved Biogen's aducanumab drug for Alzheimer's patience.

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Breaking news: The FDA has approved Aducanumab, the first FDA-approved drug that delays decline due to Alzheimer’s. On behalf of those impacted by Alzheimer’s &amp; all other dementia, we celebrate today’s historic decision. <a href="https://t.co/2oJIeMADog">pic.twitter.com/2oJIeMADog</a>
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The FDA said: "There is substantial evidence that aducanumab reduces amyloid beta plaques in the brain and that the reduction in these plaques is reasonably likely to predict important benefits to patients."

However, the US drug regulator did say that "aducanumab data" is "complicated" with respect to its clinical benefits.

During Alzheimer's a patient suffers from memory loss and is unable to take care of himself, the drug reportedly aims to remove amyloid beta from the brains of patients in the early stages of the disease.

However, the FDA asserted that if the drug does not work it could remove it. The regulator has given&nbsp;"Accelerated Approval" to the drug since it believes it benefits patients over existing treatments but there is still some uncertainty.

The FDA hasn't approved a single Alzheimer’s drug since 2003.

The drug however has produced mixed results. In 2019, the company had halted trials after a committee said the drug didn't show any results, however, the company last year said that it worked when a patient was given a higher dose.

"As is often the case when it comes to interpreting scientific data, the expert community has offered differing perspectives," FDA's Patrizia Cavazzoni said.

Other companies including Pfizer and Johnson &amp; Johnson had earlier scrapped their study including Merck whose trials failed four years ago. Eli Lilly and Roche also failed to make an impact with their drugs.

There are reportedly 6 million people in the US who suffer from Alzheimer's.

(With inputs from Agencies)

The US Foods and Drug Administration(FDA) on Monday approved Biogen's aducanumab drug for Alzheimer's patience. Breaking news: The FDA has approved Aducanumab, the first FDA-approved drug that delays decline due to Alzheimer’s.

The US Foods and Drug Administration(FDA) on Monday approved Biogen's aducanumab drug for Alzheimer's patience. Breaking news: The FDA has approved Aducanumab, the first FDA-approved drug that delays decline due to Alzheimer’s. On behalf of those impacted by Alzheimer’s & all other dementia, we celebrate today’s historic decision. pic.twitter.com/2oJIeMADog — Alzheimer's Association (@alzassociation) June 7, 2021 × The FDA said: "There is substantial evidence that aducanumab reduces amyloid beta plaques in the brain and that the reduction in these plaques is reasonably likely to predict important benefits to patients." However, the US drug regulator did say that "aducanumab data" is "complicated" with respect to its clinical benefits. During Alzheimer's a patient suffers from memory loss and is unable to take care of himself, the drug reportedly aims to remove amyloid beta from the brains of patients in the early stages of the disease. However, the FDA asserted that if the drug does not work it could remove it. The regulator has given "Accelerated Approval" to the drug since it believes it benefits patients over existing treatments but there is still some uncertainty. The FDA hasn't approved a single Alzheimer’s drug since 2003. The drug however has produced mixed results. In 2019, the company had halted trials after a committee said the drug didn't show any results, however, the company last year said that it worked when a patient was given a higher dose. "As is often the case when it comes to interpreting scientific data, the expert community has offered differing perspectives," FDA's Patrizia Cavazzoni said. Other companies including Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson had earlier scrapped their study including Merck whose trials failed four years ago. Eli Lilly and Roche also failed to make an impact with their drugs. There are reportedly 6 million people in the US who suffer from Alzheimer's. (With inputs from Agencies)

In major breakthrough, US FDA approves new Alzheimer's drug

According to researchers, changes in the texture of the retina may help to detect&nbsp;Alzheimer’s disease.

Watch:

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The early detection of changes in the retina through the latest imaging technique may help health officials to fight the disease, a recent study has claimed. Alzheimer’s&nbsp;is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60 per cent to 80 per cent of cases in America.

According to a report, Alzheimer which becomes worse with time is thought to begin 20 years or more before symptoms arise. The symptoms occur when nerve cells in parts of the brain involved in thinking, learning and memory get damaged or destroyed.

Difficulty in remembering recent conversations, names or events is often an early clinical symptom, according to Alzheimer's Association report.

Dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease is characterised by noticeable memory, thinking or behavioural symptoms that impair a person’s ability to function in daily life, along with evidence of Alzheimer’s-related brain changes, the Alzheimer's Association claims.

Scientists have now unveiled the mouse model of Alzheimer’s which can potentially detect Alzheimer’s early and help in slowing the progress of the disease. &nbsp;The "non-invasive approach to identify measurable changes that will aid in clinical diagnostics", the study has said.

According to the report, there are currently 5.8 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s with the disease recently becoming the sixth largest cause of death in the US.

The study said layer-specific differences between pathological and control retinas are consistent with the known morphological changes associated with Alzheimer’s pathology.&nbsp;

"The data trends revealed in this study have a potential to serve as biomarkers of Alzheimer’s and with further development, may enable better identification of&nbsp;Alzheimer’s in human patients," it said.

According to researchers, changes in the texture of the retina may help to detect Alzheimer’s disease. Watch: The early detection of changes in the retina through the latest imaging technique may help health officials to fight the disease, a recent study has claimed.

According to researchers, changes in the texture of the retina may help to detect Alzheimer’s disease. Watch: The early detection of changes in the retina through the latest imaging technique may help health officials to fight the disease, a recent study has claimed. Alzheimer’s is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60 per cent to 80 per cent of cases in America. According to a report, Alzheimer which becomes worse with time is thought to begin 20 years or more before symptoms arise. The symptoms occur when nerve cells in parts of the brain involved in thinking, learning and memory get damaged or destroyed. Difficulty in remembering recent conversations, names or events is often an early clinical symptom, according to Alzheimer's Association report. Dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease is characterised by noticeable memory, thinking or behavioural symptoms that impair a person’s ability to function in daily life, along with evidence of Alzheimer’s-related brain changes, the Alzheimer's Association claims. Scientists have now unveiled the mouse model of Alzheimer’s which can potentially detect Alzheimer’s early and help in slowing the progress of the disease. The "non-invasive approach to identify measurable changes that will aid in clinical diagnostics", the study has said. According to the report, there are currently 5.8 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s with the disease recently becoming the sixth largest cause of death in the US. The study said layer-specific differences between pathological and control retinas are consistent with the known morphological changes associated with Alzheimer’s pathology. "The data trends revealed in this study have a potential to serve as biomarkers of Alzheimer’s and with further development, may enable better identification of Alzheimer’s in human patients," it said.

How changes in texture of retina may reveal signs of Alzheimer's disease

Exercising regularly has many health benefits, but did you know aerobic exercise could also benefit older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia?According to a new research, aerobic exercise may help in slowing memory loss for older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia. 
 
The findings of the study were described in a recently published article, `Cognitive Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Alzheimer`s Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial`, in the Journal of Alzheimer`s Disease. ASU Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation Professor Fang Yu led a pilot randomised control trial that included 96 older adults living with mild to moderate Alzheimer`s dementia. 
 
Participants were randomised to either cycling (stationary bike) or stretching intervention for six months. Using the Alzheimer`s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition (ADAS-Cog) to assess cognition, the results of the trial were substantial. 
 
The six-month change in ADAS-Cog was 1.0+-4.6 (cycling) and 0.1+-4.1 (stretching), which were both significantly less than the expected 3.2+-6.3-point increase observed naturally with disease progression."Our primary finding indicates that a six-month aerobic exercise intervention significantly reduced cognitive decline in comparison to the natural course of changes for Alzheimer`s dementia," Yu said. 
 
Yu added, "However, we didn`t find a superior effect of aerobic exercise to stretching, which is likely due to the pilot nature of our trial. We don`t have the statistical power to detect between-group differences, there was substantial social interaction effect in the stretching group, and many stretching participants did aerobic exercise on their own." 
 
Yu noted that their results are encouraging and support the clinical relevance of promoting aerobic exercise in individuals with Alzheimer`s dementia to maintain cognition." 
 
Aerobic exercise has a low profile of adverse events in older adults with Alzheimer`s dementia as demonstrated by our trial," said Yu. Yu concluded, "Regardless of its effect on cognition, the current collective evidence on its benefits supports the use of aerobic exercise as an additional therapy for Alzheimer`s disease." (ANI)

Exercising regularly has many health benefits, but did you know aerobic exercise could also benefit older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia?According to a new research, aerobic exercise may help in slowing memory loss for older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia.

Exercising regularly has many health benefits, but did you know aerobic exercise could also benefit older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia?According to a new research, aerobic exercise may help in slowing memory loss for older adults living with Alzheimer`s dementia. The findings of the study were described in a recently published article, `Cognitive Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Alzheimer`s Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial`, in the Journal of Alzheimer`s Disease. ASU Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation Professor Fang Yu led a pilot randomised control trial that included 96 older adults living with mild to moderate Alzheimer`s dementia. Participants were randomised to either cycling (stationary bike) or stretching intervention for six months. Using the Alzheimer`s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition (ADAS-Cog) to assess cognition, the results of the trial were substantial. The six-month change in ADAS-Cog was 1.0+-4.6 (cycling) and 0.1+-4.1 (stretching), which were both significantly less than the expected 3.2+-6.3-point increase observed naturally with disease progression."Our primary finding indicates that a six-month aerobic exercise intervention significantly reduced cognitive decline in comparison to the natural course of changes for Alzheimer`s dementia," Yu said. Yu added, "However, we didn`t find a superior effect of aerobic exercise to stretching, which is likely due to the pilot nature of our trial. We don`t have the statistical power to detect between-group differences, there was substantial social interaction effect in the stretching group, and many stretching participants did aerobic exercise on their own." Yu noted that their results are encouraging and support the clinical relevance of promoting aerobic exercise in individuals with Alzheimer`s dementia to maintain cognition." Aerobic exercise has a low profile of adverse events in older adults with Alzheimer`s dementia as demonstrated by our trial," said Yu. Yu concluded, "Regardless of its effect on cognition, the current collective evidence on its benefits supports the use of aerobic exercise as an additional therapy for Alzheimer`s disease." (ANI)

Here's how exercise may benefit older adults with Alzheimer's dementia

Researchers have revealed how the brain encodes time and place into memories in the latest study conducted by the University of Texas.

The findings published in PNAS and Science could eventually provide the basis for new treatments to combat memory loss from conditions such as traumatic brain injury or Alzheimer's disease.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/blood-test-could-predict-alzheimers-disease-4-years-before-symptoms-begin-346697">Blood test could predict Alzheimer's disease 4 years before symptoms begin</a>

About 10 years prior, a gathering of neurons known as "time cells" was found in rodents. These cells seem to assume an extraordinary part in chronicle when occasions occur, permitting the cerebrum to accurately check the request for what occurs in a wordy memory.&nbsp;

Situated in the cerebrum's hippocampus, these phones show a trademark movement design while the creatures are encoding and reviewing occasions, clarifies Bradley Lega, a partner teacher of a neurological medical procedure at University of Texas Southwestern Medical School (UTSW) and senior creator of the PNAS study.&nbsp;

By terminating in a reproducible arrangement, they permit the cerebrum to coordinate when occasions occur, Lega says. The circumstance of their terminating is constrained by 5 Hz cerebrum waves, called theta motions, in a cycle known as precession.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/not-sleeping-enough-your-brain-might-be-eating-itself-319676">Not sleeping enough? Your brain might be eating itself</a>

Lega examined whether people likewise have time cells by utilizing a memory task that sets solid expectations for time-related data. Lega and his associates enlisted volunteers from the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit at UT Southwestern's Peter O'Donnell Jr. Mind Institute, where epilepsy patients remain for a few days before the medical procedure to eliminate harmed portions of their cerebrums that flash seizures. Cathodes embedded in these patients' cerebrums assist their specialists with recognizing the seizure foci and furthermore give important data on the mind's internal functions, Lega says.&nbsp;

While recording electrical movement from the hippocampus in 27 volunteers' cerebrums, what the group discovered was energizing: Not just did they recognize a powerful populace of time cells, however, the terminating of these phones anticipated how well people had the option to connect words together as expected (a marvel called fleeting bunching). At last, these cells seem to show stage precession in people, as anticipated.&nbsp;

"For quite a long time researchers have suggested that time cells resemble the magic that binds recollections of occasions in our lives," as indicated by Lega. "This finding explicitly underpins that thought in an exquisite manner."&nbsp;

In the second examination in Science, Brad Pfeiffer, associate educator of neuroscience, driven a group researching place cells—a populace of hippocampal cells in the two creatures and people that records where occasions happen.&nbsp;

Analysts have since quite a while ago referred to that as creatures travel a way they've been on previously, neurons encoding various areas along the way will fire in succession much like time cells fire in the request for worldly occasions, Pfeiffer clarifies. Likewise, while rodents are effectively investigating a climate, place cells are additionally coordinated into "small scale arrangements" that speak to a virtual compass of areas in front of the rodent. These radar-like ranges happen about 8-10 times each second and are believed to be a mind system for foreseeing promptly impending occasions or results.&nbsp;

Before this examination, it was realized that when rodents quit running, place cells would frequently reactivate in long groupings that seemed to replay the rodent's related knowledge in the opposite. While these "converse replay" occasions were known to be significant for memory development, it was hazy how the hippocampus had the option to create such successions. For sure, impressive work had shown that experience ought to fortify forward, "look forward" successions, however, debilitate switch replay occasions.&nbsp;

To decide how these retrogressive and forward recollections cooperate, Pfeiffer and his associates set anodes in the hippocampi of rodents, at that point permitted them to investigate two better places: a square field and a long, straight track. To urge them to travel through these spaces, they put wells with chocolate milk at different spots. They at that point broke down the creatures' place cell action to perceive how it compared to their areas.&nbsp;

Specific neurons terminated as the rodents meandered through these spaces, encoding data on spot. These equivalent neurons terminated in a similar arrangement as the rodents remembered their ways, and occasionally terminated backward as they finished various legs of their excursions. In any case, investigating the information, the specialists discovered something new: As the rodents traveled through these spaces, their neurons showed forward, prescient smaller than normal successions, yet in addition in reverse, review scaled-down arrangements. The forward and in reverse groupings rotated with one another, each taking a couple of dozen milliseconds to finish.&nbsp;

"While these creatures were pushing ahead, their cerebrums were continually exchanging between expecting what might occur straightaway and reviewing what simply occurred, all inside portion of-a-second time spans," Pfeiffer says.&nbsp;

Pfeiffer and his group are at present examining what inputs these cells are accepting from different pieces of the cerebrum that cause them to act in these forward or turn around designs.&nbsp;

In principle, he says, it very well may be conceivable to capture this framework to help the mind review where an occasion occurred with greater constancy. Essentially, adds Lega, incitement strategies may in the end have the option to copy the exact designing of time cells to help individuals all the more precisely recollect fleeting successions of occasions.

Researchers have revealed how the brain encodes time and place into memories in the latest study conducted by the University of Texas. The findings published in PNAS and Science could eventually provide the basis for new treatments to combat memory loss from conditions such as traumatic brain injury or Alzheimer's disease.

Researchers have revealed how the brain encodes time and place into memories in the latest study conducted by the University of Texas. The findings published in PNAS and Science could eventually provide the basis for new treatments to combat memory loss from conditions such as traumatic brain injury or Alzheimer's disease. Also read: Blood test could predict Alzheimer's disease 4 years before symptoms begin About 10 years prior, a gathering of neurons known as "time cells" was found in rodents. These cells seem to assume an extraordinary part in chronicle when occasions occur, permitting the cerebrum to accurately check the request for what occurs in a wordy memory. Situated in the cerebrum's hippocampus, these phones show a trademark movement design while the creatures are encoding and reviewing occasions, clarifies Bradley Lega, a partner teacher of a neurological medical procedure at University of Texas Southwestern Medical School (UTSW) and senior creator of the PNAS study. By terminating in a reproducible arrangement, they permit the cerebrum to coordinate when occasions occur, Lega says. The circumstance of their terminating is constrained by 5 Hz cerebrum waves, called theta motions, in a cycle known as precession. Also read: Not sleeping enough? Your brain might be eating itself Lega examined whether people likewise have time cells by utilizing a memory task that sets solid expectations for time-related data. Lega and his associates enlisted volunteers from the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit at UT Southwestern's Peter O'Donnell Jr. Mind Institute, where epilepsy patients remain for a few days before the medical procedure to eliminate harmed portions of their cerebrums that flash seizures. Cathodes embedded in these patients' cerebrums assist their specialists with recognizing the seizure foci and furthermore give important data on the mind's internal functions, Lega says. While recording electrical movement from the hippocampus in 27 volunteers' cerebrums, what the group discovered was energizing: Not just did they recognize a powerful populace of time cells, however, the terminating of these phones anticipated how well people had the option to connect words together as expected (a marvel called fleeting bunching). At last, these cells seem to show stage precession in people, as anticipated. "For quite a long time researchers have suggested that time cells resemble the magic that binds recollections of occasions in our lives," as indicated by Lega. "This finding explicitly underpins that thought in an exquisite manner." In the second examination in Science, Brad Pfeiffer, associate educator of neuroscience, driven a group researching place cells—a populace of hippocampal cells in the two creatures and people that records where occasions happen. Analysts have since quite a while ago referred to that as creatures travel a way they've been on previously, neurons encoding various areas along the way will fire in succession much like time cells fire in the request for worldly occasions, Pfeiffer clarifies. Likewise, while rodents are effectively investigating a climate, place cells are additionally coordinated into "small scale arrangements" that speak to a virtual compass of areas in front of the rodent. These radar-like ranges happen about 8-10 times each second and are believed to be a mind system for foreseeing promptly impending occasions or results. Before this examination, it was realized that when rodents quit running, place cells would frequently reactivate in long groupings that seemed to replay the rodent's related knowledge in the opposite. While these "converse replay" occasions were known to be significant for memory development, it was hazy how the hippocampus had the option to create such successions. For sure, impressive work had shown that experience ought to fortify forward, "look forward" successions, however, debilitate switch replay occasions. To decide how these retrogressive and forward recollections cooperate, Pfeiffer and his associates set anodes in the hippocampi of rodents, at that point permitted them to investigate two better places: a square field and a long, straight track. To urge them to travel through these spaces, they put wells with chocolate milk at different spots. They at that point broke down the creatures' place cell action to perceive how it compared to their areas. Specific neurons terminated as the rodents meandered through these spaces, encoding data on spot. These equivalent neurons terminated in a similar arrangement as the rodents remembered their ways, and occasionally terminated backward as they finished various legs of their excursions. In any case, investigating the information, the specialists discovered something new: As the rodents traveled through these spaces, their neurons showed forward, prescient smaller than normal successions, yet in addition in reverse, review scaled-down arrangements. The forward and in reverse groupings rotated with one another, each taking a couple of dozen milliseconds to finish. "While these creatures were pushing ahead, their cerebrums were continually exchanging between expecting what might occur straightaway and reviewing what simply occurred, all inside portion of-a-second time spans," Pfeiffer says. Pfeiffer and his group are at present examining what inputs these cells are accepting from different pieces of the cerebrum that cause them to act in these forward or turn around designs. In principle, he says, it very well may be conceivable to capture this framework to help the mind review where an occasion occurred with greater constancy. Essentially, adds Lega, incitement strategies may in the end have the option to copy the exact designing of time cells to help individuals all the more precisely recollect fleeting successions of occasions.

Study sheds light on how brain encodes time and place into memories

A blood test that diagnoses Alzheimer's at least four years before symptoms begin could soon be available.

This is a leap for the field that could make it much easier for people to learn whether they have dementia. The breakthrough offers hope of prescribing medications - or lifestyle changes - when they are most likely to work.

Alzheimer's disease, named after Alois Alzheimer, the doctor who first described it, is a progressive disease which damages the brain more and more as it continues.

Worldwide, at least 50 million people are believed to be living with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias. According to the United Nations, that is more than the population of Columbia. If breakthroughs are not discovered, rates could exceed 152 million by 2050.

Researchers say blood tests to detect levels of the two molecules could allow doctors to track the progression of Alzheimer's disease progression in at-risk populations.

(With inputs from agencies)

A blood test that diagnoses Alzheimer's at least four years before symptoms begin could soon be available. This is a leap for the field that could make it much easier for people to learn whether they have dementia.

A blood test that diagnoses Alzheimer's at least four years before symptoms begin could soon be available. This is a leap for the field that could make it much easier for people to learn whether they have dementia. The breakthrough offers hope of prescribing medications - or lifestyle changes - when they are most likely to work. Alzheimer's disease, named after Alois Alzheimer, the doctor who first described it, is a progressive disease which damages the brain more and more as it continues. Worldwide, at least 50 million people are believed to be living with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias. According to the United Nations, that is more than the population of Columbia. If breakthroughs are not discovered, rates could exceed 152 million by 2050. Researchers say blood tests to detect levels of the two molecules could allow doctors to track the progression of Alzheimer's disease progression in at-risk populations. (With inputs from agencies)

Blood test could predict Alzheimer's disease 4 years before symptoms begin

A federal panel will decide Friday whether to recommend approval of a controversial but potentially promising Alzheimers drug, which would be the first to come to market in nearly two decades.

The drug, aducanumab, would not stop or reverse dementia, but some evidence suggests it can slow the progression of memory and thinking problems in people with mild or early symptoms of cognitive decline, giving them a little extra time before they develop Alzheimer’s. It would be the first medication to do so by attacking the core biology of Alzheimer’s disease.

Many Alzheimer’s experts, however, are skeptical that aducanumab, made by Biogen, has exhibited strong enough evidence that it can slow cognitive decline. The drug, given as a monthly intravenous infusion — would also be costly, about $50,000 a year. And some experts say that it would be challenging for doctors trying to appropriately prescribe and monitor its use and that approval of such a drug would make it less likely that patients would participate in studies for other Alzheimer’s drugs that might ultimately work better.

The drug’s path through clinical trials has been rocky, with only one of two Phase 3 trials showing positive results — and those results emerged only from an analysis of additional data after the trials were stopped in March 2019 by an independent data monitoring committee because the drug didn’t appear to be working.

Several experts, including a Mayo Clinic neurologist who was a site investigator for an aducanumab trial, have said that the evidence is too weak for the drug to warrant approval now and that another rigorous clinical trial should be conducted before a decision is made on whether the drug should be made available.

The panel, a committee of medical experts that advises the Food and Drug Administration, will review evidence of the effectiveness and safety of aducanumab. If it endorses the drug Friday, that would not guarantee its approval, but the FDA often follows the recommendations of its advisory panels.

Documents posted by the FDA in advance of the hearing gave the impression that most of the agency’s reviewers were satisfied that data from the successful trial was strong and that safety issues, which mostly involved a type of brain swelling, were manageable.

A federal panel will decide Friday whether to recommend approval of a controversial but potentially promising Alzheimers drug, which would be the first to come to market in nearly two decades.

A federal panel will decide Friday whether to recommend approval of a controversial but potentially promising Alzheimers drug, which would be the first to come to market in nearly two decades. The drug, aducanumab, would not stop or reverse dementia, but some evidence suggests it can slow the progression of memory and thinking problems in people with mild or early symptoms of cognitive decline, giving them a little extra time before they develop Alzheimer’s. It would be the first medication to do so by attacking the core biology of Alzheimer’s disease. Many Alzheimer’s experts, however, are skeptical that aducanumab, made by Biogen, has exhibited strong enough evidence that it can slow cognitive decline. The drug, given as a monthly intravenous infusion — would also be costly, about $50,000 a year. And some experts say that it would be challenging for doctors trying to appropriately prescribe and monitor its use and that approval of such a drug would make it less likely that patients would participate in studies for other Alzheimer’s drugs that might ultimately work better. The drug’s path through clinical trials has been rocky, with only one of two Phase 3 trials showing positive results — and those results emerged only from an analysis of additional data after the trials were stopped in March 2019 by an independent data monitoring committee because the drug didn’t appear to be working. Several experts, including a Mayo Clinic neurologist who was a site investigator for an aducanumab trial, have said that the evidence is too weak for the drug to warrant approval now and that another rigorous clinical trial should be conducted before a decision is made on whether the drug should be made available. The panel, a committee of medical experts that advises the Food and Drug Administration, will review evidence of the effectiveness and safety of aducanumab. If it endorses the drug Friday, that would not guarantee its approval, but the FDA often follows the recommendations of its advisory panels. Documents posted by the FDA in advance of the hearing gave the impression that most of the agency’s reviewers were satisfied that data from the successful trial was strong and that safety issues, which mostly involved a type of brain swelling, were manageable.

Controversial Alzheimer’s drug faces critical test before FDA panel

Residents of the purpose-built village near Dax in southwestern France shop for groceries, get pampered at the hair salon and enjoy music recitals just like anyone else. This is, however, no gated community for the general public. Each one of the 105 permanent residents has Alzheimer's disease.

Inside French village constructed for Alzheimer's patients