Broccoli vs Cauliflower: Which Is Healthier?

Broccoli and cauliflower, both cruciferous vegetables, stand as nutritional powerhouses. Let's explore the virtues of each to help you make an informed decision for a wholesome diet.


Broccoli is a nutritional superstar known for its vibrant green colour. Packed with vitamins C and K, fibre, and antioxidants, it supports immune function and bone health and fights oxidative stress.


Cauliflower, the versatile white cruciferous counterpart, has its perks. Rich in vitamins C and K and a good source of folate, it supports immune health and contributes to blood clotting.


Cauliflower is low in calories, making it an excellent choice for those watching their weight.


Broccoli's sulforaphane content has anti-cancer properties, making it a valuable addition to any diet.


While broccoli and cauliflower have numerous health benefits, the choice depends on personal preferences and dietary goals.


Broccoli shines with its anti-cancer properties, while cauliflower's versatility and low-calorie content make it an appealing option for various recipes.


Let's explore the virtues of each to help you make an informed decision for a wholesome diet.

IND vs AFG 3rd T20 probable playing XI: India will clash with Afghanistan in the third and final T20I of the three-match series on Wednesday (Jan 17) at the M Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka.

IND vs AFG 3rd T20 probable playing XI: India will clash with Afghanistan in the third and final T20I of the three-match series on Wednesday (Jan 17) at the M Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The Men in Blue won the first two games held in Mohali and Indore, sealing their victory in the series. Here's everything you need to know about the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I. India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I Probable Playing XI India Probable Playing XI: Rohit Sharma (C), Yashasvi Jaiswal, Virat Kohli, Shivam Dube, Jitesh Sharma(wk), Rinku Singh, Axar Patel, Washington Sundar, Ravi Bishnoi, Arshdeep Singh, Mukesh Kumar Afghanistan Probable Playing XI: Rahmanullah Gurbaz (wk), Ibrahim Zadran (C), Azmatullah Omarzai, Mohammad Nabi, Najibullah Zadran, Karim Janat, Gulbadin Naib, Naveen-ul-Haq, Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Fazalhaq Farooqi, Noor Ahmad India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I Match Details Date: Wednesday (Jan 17) Time: 07:00 am IST Venue: M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru, Karnataka Live Streaming App: JioCinema India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I Head-To-Head India and Afghanistan have squared off in seven T20I matches. Afghanistan has never won a match against India. However, they managed to draw a T20I game once. India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I Weather Forecast According to AccuWeather, the temperature in Bengaluru at the time of the match will be 26 degrees Celsius, and the humidity will be 44 per cent. The probability of precipitation is one per cent. Thus, there are no chances of rain playing the spoilsport during the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I match. India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I Pitch Report The pitch at the M Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka, is flat and ideal for batting. Moreover, the small boundaries and speedy outfit will also benefit the batters. However, the pitch can be good for the pacers in the first few overs with the new ball. Spinners can also use the pitch in the later parts of the innings as it slows down and offers some turn. Where can I watch the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I in India on TV? (Live Telecast) The live telecast of India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I will be available on Sports 18 Network. How can I watch India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I live in India? (Live Streaming) JioCinema app and website will broadcast the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I live in India. IND vs AFG 3rd T20I Squad India: Rohit Sharma (C), Shubman Gill, Yashasvi Jaiswal, Virat Kohli, Tilak Varma, Rinku Singh, Jitesh Sharma (wicket-keeper), Sanju Samson (wk), Shivam Dube, Washington Sundar, Axar Patel, Ravi Bishnoi, Kuldeep Yadav, Arshdeep Singh, Avesh Khan, Mukesh Kumar Afghanistan Ibrahim Zadran (C), Rahmanullah Gurbaz (wicket-keeper), Ikram Alikhil (wk), Hazratullah Zazai, Rahmat Shah, Najibullah Zadran, Mohammad Nabi, Karim Janat, Azmatullah Omarzai, Sharafuddin Ashraf, Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Fazalhaq Farooqi, Fareed Ahmad, Naveen Ul Haq, Noor Ahmad, Mohammad Saleem, Qais Ahmad, Gulbadin Naib, Rashid Khan (With inputs from agencies)

IND vs AFG 3rd T20 probable playing XI: Check date, time, venue, head-to-head, live, weather and pitch report

A rock resembling the logo from Star Trek was discovered by NASA's Curiosity rover on Mars. NASA's long-running Curiosity captured the image of a Mars rock that looks similar to the iconic delta-shaped Starfleet emblem that officers wear on their uniforms in the sci-fi series.

A rock resembling the logo from Star Trek was discovered by NASA's Curiosity rover on Mars. NASA's long-running Curiosity captured the image of a Mars rock that looks similar to the iconic delta-shaped Starfleet emblem that officers wear on their uniforms in the sci-fi series. While it is illogical to say that a Starfleet landing party walked near Curiosity's roving grounds, Star Trek fans are thrilled to see the symbol on the Red Planet's surface. An amateur astronomer, Stuart Atkinson, spotted the Star Trek symbol and joked about it on X. He wrote, "I bet the Star Trek fans on the @MarsCuriosity team smiled like Cheshire Cats when they saw this new image appear on their screens." To this, an X user replied, "This must be their head office in mars.." ALSO READ | Rhesus monkey cloned using new technique different from what was used for Dolly the sheep NASA's Curiosity rover has been on Mars since 2012 and continues to capture and investigate the life there. Currently, it is climbing a mountain nicknamed Mount Sharp (Aeolis Mons) as part of a mission to analyse the layers entrenched in it to know how water flowed on Mars several years ago. In September 2023, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory officials said, "Different layers of Mount Sharp represent different eras of Martian history. As Curiosity ascends, scientists learn more about how the landscape changed over time." The statement added that the rover was in a sulphate-packed zone, which might be "the highest elevation layer it will ever visit." ALSO READ | Chinese startup develops coin-sized nuclear battery that can last up to ‘50 years without charging’ According to the mission's blog, the rover captured the image of the Starfleet symbol when it was about to do "contact science on a flat block of dark-toned bedrock." The blog stated that one of its goals is to study the "composition and texture of the dark bands we've been observing from orbit" using various instruments. After the Curiosity rover's success at the Gale Crater, NASA sent a follow-up rover mission, named Perseverance, to the Jezero Crater on Mars in 2020. Perseverance aims to hunt for evidence of ancient life on the Red Planet. NASA also aims to launch another mission to bring the caches of rocks collected by Perseverance. However, funding and technology have pushed the expected return date to 2031. (With inputs from agencies)

Mars rock resembling iconic Star Trek symbol snapped by NASA’s Curiosity rover

IND vs AFG Live Streaming: India will lock horns with Afghanistan in the third and final T20I of the three-match series. It's been five years since India lost a bilateral men's T20I series at home.

IND vs AFG Live Streaming: India will lock horns with Afghanistan in the third and final T20I of the three-match series. It's been five years since India lost a bilateral men's T20I series at home. The Men in Blue sealed their victory in the India vs Afghanistan T20I series after winning the second T20I by six wickets. IND vs AFG 3rd T20I will be their last match before the T20 World Cup begins. The upcoming game in Bengaluru may allow them to test their two spin-bowling all-rounders, Axar Patel and Washington Sundar, with the bat ahead of the T20 World Cup. The two of them have performed well in the series with the ball but haven't got a chance to bat yet. Meanwhile, for Afghanistan, the batters have to try harder to turn their bowlers' good work into a victory. Mohammad Nabi is only 67 runs away from becoming Afghanistan's second batter to score 2,000 runs in T20I. In the first two T20Is in Mohali and Indore, India opted for a more aggressive strategy, showcasing a significant departure from their traditional approach. Virat Kohli returned to the T20I action for India after 14 months. Kohli demonstrated a remarkable shift in approach as he handled Mujeeb-ur-Rahmasn with ease. Afghanistan batted first in the second T20I against India and scored 172 runs. Although Gulbadin Naib scored 57 runs, only three other batters could reach the 20-run mark. ALSO READ | NZ vs PAK: Finn Allen runs riot in Dunedin with record-breaking innings as Kiwis crush Pakistan to win series IND vs AFG 3rd T20I Live Streaming Details Here's everything you need to know about the live-streaming details of India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I. Where can I watch the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I in India on TV? The live telecast of India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I will be available on Sports 18 Network. How can I watch India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I live in India? (Live Streaming) JioCinema app and website will broadcast the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I live in India. When is the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I? The India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I is on Wednesday (Jan 17). Where is the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I? M. Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka, will host the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I. What time will the India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I start? The India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20I will commence at 07:00 pm IST. (With inputs from agencies)

IND vs AFG 3rd T20 Live Streaming: How to watch India vs Afghanistan 3rd T20 LIVE in India on mobile and TV

NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I Live Streaming: New Zealand and Pakistan will square off in the third T20I of the ongoing five-match series. The hosts have taken a lead in the series by winning the first two games contested in Auckland and Hamilton.

NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I Live Streaming: New Zealand and Pakistan will square off in the third T20I of the ongoing five-match series. The hosts have taken a lead in the series by winning the first two games contested in Auckland and Hamilton. In the second T20I, the Kiwis set a target of 194 runs in the first innings. However, their bowling attack, led by Adam Milne, helped New Zealand stop the visitors at 173. While the Blackcaps aim to win the T20I series, Shaheen Afridi and Co will seek to make a comeback by winning the upcoming game and staying alive in the contest. Previously, New Zealand and Pakistan have clashed in 36 T20I matches. Out of which, New Zealand has won 15, Pakistan has won 20, and one ended in no result. NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I Live Streaming Details Here's everything you need to know about the live-streaming details of New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I. When is the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I? The New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I is on Wednesday (Jan 17). Where is the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I? University Oval in Dunedin, New Zealand, will host the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I. What time will the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I start? The New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I will commence at 05:30 am IST. ALSO READ | Former India all-rounder Yuvraj Singh reacts to youngster Prakhar Chaturvedi breaking his 24-year-old record Where can I watch the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I in India on TV? The live telecast of New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I will not be available in India. How can I watch the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I in India? Amazon Prime India will broadcast the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I live in India. How can I watch the New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I in New Zealand? Fans in New Zealand can watch the NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I on TVNZ 1, TVNZ + and SENZ Radio. How can I watch New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I in Pakistan? The NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I live streaming will be available on PTV Sports in Pakistan. NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I Probable Playing XI New Zealand: Finn Allen, Devon Conway (wk), Josh Clarkson, Daryl Mitchell, Glenn Phillips, Mark Chapman, Adam Milne, Matt Henry, Tim Southee (c), Ish Sodhi, Ben Sears Pakistan: Mohammad Rizwan, Saim Ayub, Babar Azam, Fakhar Zaman, Iftikhar Ahmed, Azam Khan (wk), Mohammad Nawaz, Mohd Waseem Jr., Shaheen Afridi (c), Zaman Khan, Haris Rauf (With inputs from agencies)

NZ vs PAK 3rd T20I Live Streaming: How to watch New Zealand vs Pakistan 3rd T20I in India and other countries

AUS vs WI 1st Test Live Streaming: Australia will lock horns with West Indies in the 1st Test match, starting Wednesday (Jan 17) at the Adelaide Oval. The main topic of discussion for the Test series was Australia's plan to replace the departing David Warner.

AUS vs WI 1st Test Live Streaming: Australia will lock horns with West Indies in the 1st Test match, starting Wednesday (Jan 17) at the Adelaide Oval. The main topic of discussion for the Test series was Australia's plan to replace the departing David Warner. An accomplished player across formats, Warner had decided to retire after the series against Pakistan, prompting conversations within the cricketing community on who would be the ideal replacement for him. Eventually, Australia decided to entrust Steve Smith with the responsibility of opening the batting, moving him up from his previous position at number four. In the meantime, Cameroon Green was included in the squad to fill Smith's old spot. Australia's Pat Cummins will lead the team as captain, while Smith will open the batting. The Aussies won against Pakistan and are currently at the top of the World Test Championship 2023/25 points table. They have played eight matches, winning five, losing two, and drawing one. India is their closest competitor. The West Indies are in seventh place with one draw and one loss. Australia have played 118 Test matches against West Indies, the second-highest number of matches against any team in history after England. Among these 118 matches, Australia have won 60 while West Indies have won 32, and 25 have ended in a draw. AUS vs WI 1st Test Live Streaming Details Here's everything you need to know about the Australia vs West Indies 1st Test live streaming. When is the Australia vs West Indies, 1st Test? The first Test between Australia and West Indies will begin on Wednesday (Jan 17) at 5:00 am IST. Where will the Australia vs West Indies, 1st Test, be played? Adelaide Oval in Adelaide will host the first Test between Australia and West Indies. Which TV channel will broadcast the Australia vs West Indies Test Series? Star Sports 2 and Star Sports 2 HD will broadcast the Australia vs West Indies Test series in India. Where will the Australia vs West Indies Test Series be live-streamed online? Disney+ Hotstar will broadcast the Australia vs West Indies Test Series live online in India. AUS vs WI Test Series 2024 Squad Australia: Marnus Labuschagne, Matt Renshaw, Steven Smith, Travis Head, Usman Khawaja, Cameron Green, Mitchell Marsh, Alex Carey (wk), Josh Hazlewood, Mitchell Starc, Nathan Lyon, Pat Cummins (c), Scott Boland West Indies: Alick Athanaze, Keacy Carty, Kjorn Ottley, Teddy Bishop, Justin Greaves, Kavem Hodge, Romario Shepherd, Roston Chase, Shai Hope (c and wk), Tevin Imlach (wk), Alzarri Joseph, Gudakesh Motie, Hayden Walsh, Matthew Forde, Oshane Thomas (With inputs from agencies)

AUS vs WI 1st Test Live Streaming: When and where to watch Australia vs West Indies Test Series LIVE in India

A recent study suggests that dogs wag their tail not only to indicate happiness but also to communicate other complex emotions. A team of European researchers proposed two major theories on the evolution of tail wagging in dogs in a recent study published in the journal Biology Letters.

A recent study suggests that dogs wag their tail not only to indicate happiness but also to communicate other complex emotions. A team of European researchers proposed two major theories on the evolution of tail wagging in dogs in a recent study published in the journal Biology Letters. The study suggests that when dogs experience a positive emotion, they tend to wag their tail more towards the right. However, their wagging inclines towards the left more when they have a negative emotion. The authors stated that wagging and arousal-related hormones or neurotransmitters might be linked in the dogs' bodies. They also mentioned that there might be a connection between the stress hormone cortisol and tail wagging. Silvia Leonetti, the study's first author and research assistant in comparative bioacoustics at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, told Newsweek, "Many animals have tails and use those tails for moving (an alligator swimming), balance ( a cat walking along a narrow fence), and removing pests (a horse swatting flies away from its body). But those examples contrast with domestic dogs, who use their tails primarily for communication rather than any other function." ALSO READ | Rhesus monkey cloned using new technique different from what was used for Dolly the sheep Dogs, compared to wolves, wag their tails more often and start from a very young age, suggesting that the behaviour evolved in the line after humans started domesticating them. Thus, dogs might have adapted wagging as a way to communicate with their human masters. "One study found that during food denial situations, dogs wagged their tails more when a human was present versus not, suggesting that tail wagging may also function as a requesting signal," the authors said. However, this evolution might not be deliberate. According to the study, wagging may have emerged as a by-product of another characteristic, like tameness or friendliness. The authors bred a cohort of silver foxes for over 40 generations for the research. They found that the foxes showed a dog-like tail-wagging behaviour after being selected for traits like tamability and docility. "Based on this, we hypothesise that the domestication process may have led to changes at the anatomical and behavioral level that altered tail wagging behavior in dogs," the authors said. Although these theories suggest how and why tail wagging evolved, there are many unanswered questions. "We are just scratching the surface," Andrea Ravignani, the study's senior author, said. It remains a mystery how dogs control their behaviour and how well they decipher the meaning of wagging among other dogs. "We echo the concerns of other researchers that these procedures may impair the communicative repertoire of an animal (although this should be empirically tested by comparing breeds) and reduce how well a dog can express its feelings and communicate," Ravignani said. (With inputs from agencies)

Dogs wag their tail to convey a lot more than just happiness, study finds

Tibet might be splitting apart as the Indian tectonic plate's upper part is tearing and warping because of constant collision, suggests a new study. A recent study presented at the annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union showed that the geology underneath the Himalayas, the world's highest mountain range, might be more complicated than previously believed.

Tibet might be splitting apart as the Indian tectonic plate's upper part is tearing and warping because of constant collision, suggests a new study. A recent study presented at the annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union showed that the geology underneath the Himalayas, the world's highest mountain range, might be more complicated than previously believed. The Himalayas continue to grow as the two tectonic plates, the Indian and Eurasian, keep colliding under them. The outcome of the collision of an oceanic and continental plate is known to geoscientists. However, the outcome is hard to anticipate when two continental plates collide, as both have similar densities. When the oceanic plate is denser, it slides under the lighter continental plate in a process known as subduction. Some geoscientists believe the Indian plate might be sliding under the Eurasian in a process known as underplating, in which one continental plate slides under the other without diving deeply into the mantle. ALSO READ | Big Bug Bang: US to see 'double cicada explosion' that won't happen for next 400 years However, many others think that the inner parts of the Indian plate are subducting, and the upper parts are cramming up against the bulk of Tibet. According to the new research, the Indian plate is subducting. However, while doing so, it is also bending and tearing, and its upper half is peeling away like the lid off a tin can. The researchers investigated earthquake waves travelling through the crust where the two plates collide. Using these waves, they created images showing slashes in the slabs of the Indian plates' crust. While the bottom of the Indian plate is 124 miles (200 kilometres) deep in some places, it is only 62 miles (100 kilometres) in others, reported Science Magazine. It suggests that some of the Indian plate has peeled away. ALSO READ | Hot springs served as catalyst for life on Earth billions of years ago, study finds In 2022, researchers mapped the variations in helium bubbling from geothermal springs in the region to find the boundary where the two plates meet in the Himalayas. Thus, previous geochemical studies also suggest that earthquake waves result in hinting at a splintering plate. Researchers have not entirely dissected how tearing and warping deep within the crust leads to the buildup of stress at the surface. However, the new study might help them know about the areas of increased earthquake risk around the plate boundary. (With inputs from agencies)

Tibet may be splitting apart due to colossal tectonic collision underneath Himalayas

The Ram Mandir consecration ceremony will take place on January 22 in Ayodhya. While several politicians, movie stars and sports personalities will attend the grand celebrations, the four shankaracharyas will not be present for the ceremony.

The Ram Mandir consecration ceremony will take place on January 22 in Ayodhya. While several politicians, movie stars and sports personalities will attend the grand celebrations, the four shankaracharyas will not be present for the ceremony. Here's everything you need to know about the four shankaracharyas and their relation to Adi Shankara, one of the most prominent figures in Hinduism. Who are the Shankaracharyas? The Shankaracharyas are the head of the four Hindu maths (monasteries), located in Dwarka (Gujarat), Joshimath (Uttarakhand), Puri (Odisha), and Sringeri (Karnataka), believed to be established by Adi Shankara in the 8th century. 'Shankaracharya' is the religious title given to the respective heads of the four cardinal maths. These teachers belong to a line of teachers tracing back to Adi Shankara himself. The four maths located in the North, South, East and West of India are also seen as keepers of the Hindu faith and traditions. Vijayanagara kingdom was the first to patronise the Sringeri math in the 14th century CE. ALSO READ | Krishna Janmabhoomi case: SC stays Allahabad HC order on Shahi Idgah survey Legend says that Adi Shankara established these maths to impart knowledge. Today, these maths consist of religious shrines, temples, libraries, and residences. These maths aim to preserve Adi Shankara's teachings and traditions. Who was Adi Shankara? As per Hindu folklore, Adi Shankara was born in Kalady village on the banks of River Periyar in what is now the south Indian state of Kerala. When Shankara was a young boy, a crocodile caught him and told his mother that he would only let him go if she allowed him to take sanyas (renunciation). Shankara's mother agreed, letting him leave home and become an ascetic (sanyasi). Shankara grew up to become a remarkable scholar and monk under the guidance of Govindacharya. He visited several crucial spiritual centres and challenged prevalent philosophical traditions. ALSO READ | Ram Mandir Ayodhya: MS Dhoni invited for 'Pran Pratishtha' ceremony after Sachin Tendulkar and Virat Kohli Later, Shankara laid the foundation of maths and organised monastic order. He became a celebrated Hindu figure who wrote around 116 books, including commentaries (bhashyas) on the Upanishads, the Brahmasutra, and the Bhagavad Gita. Adi Shankara's most famous work is Advaita Vedanta. It is a school of Hindu philosophy and spiritual discipline. The fundamental philosophy of Advaita Vedanta lies in the unity of atma (soul), or individual consciousness, and brahma or the ultimate reality. Adi Shankara transversed the length and breadth of the Indian landmass, preaching the Advaita Vedanta. (With inputs from agencies)

Ram Mandir: Who are the shankaracharyas? How are they related to Adi Shankara? Here’s all you need to know

Delhi and other parts of North India will have no respite from the dense fog and cold wave conditions gripping the region any time soon, said IMD. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), dense fog conditions will continue over North India for four days.

Delhi and other parts of North India will have no respite from the dense fog and cold wave conditions gripping the region any time soon, said IMD. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), dense fog conditions will continue over North India for four days. The weather department also mentioned that severe cold wave conditions will continue in Delhi and parts of North India. Amid the foggy and bone-chilling weather, Delhi Airport delayed at least 170 flights on Wednesday (Jan 17), reported ANI. According to the FIDS (Flight Information Display System), 53 flights, including 21 domestic arrivals, 16 domestic departures, three International departures and 13 International arrivals, were cancelled due to unfavourable weather conditions and other operational reasons. Furthermore, the dense fog delayed several trains, causing trouble to the passengers waiting at the railway stations in the cold weather. #WATCH | Delhi: Passengers await the movement of their scheduled trains as several trains get delayed and a few get cancelled due to fog. (Visuals from New Delhi Railway station) pic.twitter.com/ZM0I0Yjbvz — ANI (@ANI) January 17, 2024 × ALSO READ | Ram Mandir: National award-winning artisan crafts diamond-studded replica of temple in ‘108 days’ Most regions in North India witnessed minimum temperatures between two to five degrees Celsius. The minimum temperature ranged between six to ten degrees Celsius at many places in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, northern Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand. On Tuesday (Jan 16), Hisar (Haryana) reported the lowest minimum temperature of 1.1 degrees Celsius. The IMD forecast said 'dense' to 'very dense' fog conditions will prevail in many parts of Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh and Delhi until Monday (Jan 22). In the upcoming given days, there will also be no significant change in the minimum temperature over the rest of the country. In a post shared on X on Wednesday, IMD said, "Latest Satellite pictures at 0700 am of today indicates that fog has reduced over Bihar, east UP, north MP & Delhi since midnight. However, dense fog is still prevailing over parts of Punjab, Haryana, West Uttar Pradesh & northwest Rajasthan and likely to continue few more hours." IMD Scientist Soma Sen told ANI, "In Delhi and in North India, we are not expecting much change in the minimum temperature. Maybe one-degree rise is likely because of the sunny skies, but foggy conditions will persist. Low cloud conditions may also continue for the neighbouring regions because of which Haryana, Punjab will see severe cold day conditions for the next two to three days. We are not expecting any sudden change in either temperature or cold conditions. The intensity of cold will gradually decrease which is a seasonal effect." (With inputs from agencies)

India Weather: Dense fog in Delhi delays over 100 flights, 20 trains; Check full forecast here

National Startup Awards 2023: Winners List

Avinya Infinity Solutions Private Limited


National Startup Awards 2023 Winners List

Life on Earth might have originated from hot springs billions of years ago. According to a study published in the journal Nature Communications Earth & Environment, key molecules required to produce life consist of inorganic materials, essential to understanding the formation of the first living systems on our planet.

Life on Earth might have originated from hot springs billions of years ago. According to a study published in the journal Nature Communications Earth & Environment, key molecules required to produce life consist of inorganic materials, essential to understanding the formation of the first living systems on our planet. Researchers at Newcastle University studied how the earliest life on Earth emerged from inert geological materials more than 3.5 billion years ago. They mixed hydrogen, bicarbonate and iron-rich magnetite under conditions resembling hot springs or mild hydrothermal vents. The reaction produced a spectrum of organic molecules, notably fatty acids up to 18 carbon atoms in length. The study, funded by the United Kingdom's Natural Environmental Research Council, highlights how organic molecules needed to create life come from inorganic molecules. Lead author Dr Graham Purvis said, "Central to life's inception are cellular compartments, crucial for isolating internal chemistry from the external environment. These compartments were instrumental in fostering life-sustaining reactions by concentrating chemicals and facilitating energy production, potentially serving as the cornerstone of life's earliest moments." ALSO READ | Sex-chromosome syndromes existed even 5,000 years ago, ancient DNA study reveals According to the study, fatty acids (long organic molecules) might have formed in hydrothermal vents after hot water containing hydrogen-rich fluids from underwater vents combined with seawater infused with carbon dioxide. The results show that the combination of hydrogen-rich fluids from alkaline hydrothermal vents with bicarbonate-rich water on iron-based minerals formed the primal membranes of early cells at the very beginning of life. This reaction might have given rise to various types of membranes, some of which played a crucial part in the primary stages of the formation of life on Earth. The study also suggests that the process might have contributed to the genesis of specific acids in the elemental composition of meteorites. Principal Investigator Dr Jon Telling of the School of Natural Environmental Sciences said, "We think that this research may provide the first step in how life originated on our planet. Research in our laboratory now continues determining the second crucial step; how these organic molecules which are initially 'stuck' to the mineral surfaces can lift off to form spherical membrane-bounded cell-like compartments; the first potential 'protocells' that went on to create the first cellular life." Furthermore, the researchers also suggest that similar processes might be occurring in the oceans or under the surfaces of icy moons in our solar systems. It also increases the probability of alternative life origins in distant worlds. (With inputs from agencies)

Hot springs served as catalyst for life on Earth billions of years ago, study finds

Author

Zee News Rajasthan

Editor

Trisha Pathak

Home

Live Tv

Latest

World

India

Business

Entertainment

Sports

Opinions

Videos

Photos

Gravitas

Lifestyle

Science

Tech

Rajasthan News in Hindi: In-depth coverage of Rajasthan Crime, Political News, Education, Rajasthan Weather Update and Latest Rajasthan News on Zee News Rajasthan.