Changing times more and more women are choosing not to be mothers. Over the past decades, women are either postponing motherhood or are not at all planning to give birth and this is a situation all over the world.

Women plagued by different issues are choosing to delay motherhood

The Taliban have introduced a new policy of sending women to prison. Why? The Taliban says it's doing so to keep women safe. Hem Saroya brings you a report.

Gravitas | Taliban sending women to prison 'to keep them safe'

The Taliban is sending women to jail to protect them from gender-based violence. The Taliban has limited the access of women to almost everything in the country and according to a UN report, a woman with no male relative is considered unsafe.

Taliban jailing 'unprotected' women to keep them safe, says UN report

Afghanistan: Taliban jailing 'unprotected' women to keep them safe

The latest trend which has left researchers baffled and has forced people to worry about the growing dangers of artificial intelligence technology in the future is its use by websites and applications for undressing women in photos. 
 
Such applications and websites have been gaining popularity, as per the report published by Bloomberg. According to the information gathered by social network analysis company Graphika, undressing websites were visited by 24 million people in September. 
 
As per Graphika, popular social networks are being used by many of these undressing or “nudify” services for marketing. The researchers said that from the start of the year, the number of links which advertised the undressing apps saw an increase of more than 2,400 per cent on social media, which included Reddit and X.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/google-launches-gemini-its-most-advanced-ai-model-that-powers-bard-intensifying-competition-with-openai-666952">Google launches Gemini, its most advanced AI model that powers Bard, intensifying competition with OpenAI</a>

AI is being used by the services for recreating an image in which the person is nude. Many of these platforms only use AI on images of women.

<h2>AI's deepfake pornography</h2>

Such applications have become a part of a worrying trend of non-consensual pornography which is being developed and distributed due to the advancement in artificial intelligence. This can be called as one kind of fabricated media, also known as deepfake pornography. 
 
Such applications are bound to face ethical and legal hurdles as the images are generally picked from social media and distributed without any control, consent or knowledge of the subject. 
 
Graphika said that such applications are becoming popular at a time when many open-source diffusion models are being released and images of superior quality are being created by artificial intelligence.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas: Artificial Intelligence can strip you of your dignity

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Since they are open source, the models which are being used by the app developers are available for free. “You can create something that actually looks realistic,” said Santiago Lakatos, who works as an analyst at Graphika, while speaking to Bloomberg. He added that earlier deepfakes were often blurry. 
 
Meanwhile, the report stated that one of the apps had made payment for sponsored content on YouTube – owned by Google – for appearing first when the word “nudify” is searched. 
 
Speaking about the same, a Google spokesperson said ads “that contain sexually explicit content are not allowed by the company. We’ve reviewed the ads in question and are removing those that violate our policies.”&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The latest trend which has left researchers baffled and has forced people to worry about the growing dangers of artificial intelligence technology in the future is its use by websites and applications for undressing women in photos.

The latest trend which has left researchers baffled and has forced people to worry about the growing dangers of artificial intelligence technology in the future is its use by websites and applications for undressing women in photos. Such applications and websites have been gaining popularity, as per the report published by Bloomberg. According to the information gathered by social network analysis company Graphika, undressing websites were visited by 24 million people in September. As per Graphika, popular social networks are being used by many of these undressing or “nudify” services for marketing. The researchers said that from the start of the year, the number of links which advertised the undressing apps saw an increase of more than 2,400 per cent on social media, which included Reddit and X. Also read: Google launches Gemini, its most advanced AI model that powers Bard, intensifying competition with OpenAI AI is being used by the services for recreating an image in which the person is nude. Many of these platforms only use AI on images of women. AI's deepfake pornography Such applications have become a part of a worrying trend of non-consensual pornography which is being developed and distributed due to the advancement in artificial intelligence. This can be called as one kind of fabricated media, also known as deepfake pornography. Such applications are bound to face ethical and legal hurdles as the images are generally picked from social media and distributed without any control, consent or knowledge of the subject. Graphika said that such applications are becoming popular at a time when many open-source diffusion models are being released and images of superior quality are being created by artificial intelligence. Watch: Gravitas: Artificial Intelligence can strip you of your dignity Since they are open source, the models which are being used by the app developers are available for free. “You can create something that actually looks realistic,” said Santiago Lakatos, who works as an analyst at Graphika, while speaking to Bloomberg. He added that earlier deepfakes were often blurry. Meanwhile, the report stated that one of the apps had made payment for sponsored content on YouTube – owned by Google – for appearing first when the word “nudify” is searched. Speaking about the same, a Google spokesperson said ads “that contain sexually explicit content are not allowed by the company. We’ve reviewed the ads in question and are removing those that violate our policies.” (With inputs from agencies)

Tech’s dark world: Apps, websites misuse AI for undressing women in photos, gain popularity

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets. 
 
The tests were carried out on more than 1,700 women in Singapore, New Zealand and the United Kingdom who have been planning to conceive. In these tests, it was found that most of them were lacking nutrients which are found in abundance in dairy and meat products and are important for healthy development of foetus. 
 
“We were surprised at how common low or marginal status was for these micronutrients,” said Prof Keith Godfrey, who is the lead author of the study at the University of Southampton and an epidemiologist.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/children-develop-behavioural-issues-if-mothers-experience-high-stress-during-pregnancy-study-660254">Children develop behavioural issues if mothers experience high stress during pregnancy: Study</a>

“For the individual, the simple answer is that unless you’re following a really high-quality diet, you may need to consider taking a supplement,” he added, as reported by The Guardian.

<h2>Are supplements, and probiotics good options to increase the level of nutrients?</h2>

The women, who were between the age group of 18 to 38, were included in the Nipper study – which is an international trial that has been exploring whether combinations of nutrients as well as probiotics taken before and during pregnancy help in improving the health of the babies and their mothers. 
 
The blood levels of vital nutrients were measured by the doctors after the women were recruited and they were randomly assigned to either a standard vitamin supplement for pregnant women which contains folic acid, beta-carotene, iron, calcium and iodine, and an enhanced version which contained additional riboflavin, vitamins B6, B12 and D, probiotics, zinc and myo-inositol, which is a form of sugar.

Watch:&nbsp;Gravitas: New study suggest advises mothers to talk to their baby bumps

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According to a report in Plos Medicine, before conceiving, marginal or low levels of folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12 or vitamin D were found in nine out of 10 women and many suffered from vitamin B6 deficiency in late pregnancy. 
 
The supplements were found to improve vitamin levels in women, although not always to sufficient levels. “More work needs to be done to identify the ideal quantities, but certainly the amounts we gave, which you can purchase over the counter at the chemist, were sufficient to substantially reduce the prevalence of deficiency,” said Godfrey.

(With inputs from agencies)

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets.

According to researchers, more than 90 per cent of women who have been trying to conceive a baby have marginal or low levels of vitamins which are important for a healthy pregnancy and the problem is worsening with the growing popularity of vegetarian diets. The tests were carried out on more than 1,700 women in Singapore, New Zealand and the United Kingdom who have been planning to conceive. In these tests, it was found that most of them were lacking nutrients which are found in abundance in dairy and meat products and are important for healthy development of foetus. “We were surprised at how common low or marginal status was for these micronutrients,” said Prof Keith Godfrey, who is the lead author of the study at the University of Southampton and an epidemiologist. Also read: Children develop behavioural issues if mothers experience high stress during pregnancy: Study “For the individual, the simple answer is that unless you’re following a really high-quality diet, you may need to consider taking a supplement,” he added, as reported by The Guardian. Are supplements, and probiotics good options to increase the level of nutrients? The women, who were between the age group of 18 to 38, were included in the Nipper study – which is an international trial that has been exploring whether combinations of nutrients as well as probiotics taken before and during pregnancy help in improving the health of the babies and their mothers. The blood levels of vital nutrients were measured by the doctors after the women were recruited and they were randomly assigned to either a standard vitamin supplement for pregnant women which contains folic acid, beta-carotene, iron, calcium and iodine, and an enhanced version which contained additional riboflavin, vitamins B6, B12 and D, probiotics, zinc and myo-inositol, which is a form of sugar. Watch: Gravitas: New study suggest advises mothers to talk to their baby bumps According to a report in Plos Medicine, before conceiving, marginal or low levels of folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12 or vitamin D were found in nine out of 10 women and many suffered from vitamin B6 deficiency in late pregnancy. The supplements were found to improve vitamin levels in women, although not always to sufficient levels. “More work needs to be done to identify the ideal quantities, but certainly the amounts we gave, which you can purchase over the counter at the chemist, were sufficient to substantially reduce the prevalence of deficiency,” said Godfrey. (With inputs from agencies)

Vegan diet behind troubled pregnancy? Here's what researchers think

You can now easily create fake images and videos due to the advancement of AI. The rise in deepfakes on the internet is becoming problematic and is directly attacking women. We get you more details in this story.

Can deepfakes be stopped?

Russian President Vladimir Putin has appealed to the country's women to give birth to as many as eight children and make it a “norm” to create large families. 
 
He made the statement while speaking at the World Russian People's Council in Moscow on Tuesday (Nov 28).

The birth rate in Russia has been declining since the 1990s and the country has recorded more than 300,000 casualties in the Ukraine war, as per a report published by The Independent. 
 
In the speech, Putin said boosting the country's population will be "our goal for the coming decades". 
 
"Many of our ethnic groups have preserved the tradition of having strong multigenerational families with four, five, or even more children. Let us remember that Russian families, many of our grandmothers and great-grandmothers had seven, eight, or even more children," said Putin, while addressing the council through a video link.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/russia-imposes-ban-on-international-lgbt-movement-claims-it-to-be-extremist-group-664803">Russia imposes ban on 'international LGBT movement', terming it 'extremist group'</a>

"Let us preserve and revive these excellent traditions. Large families must become the norm, a way of life for all Russia's peoples. The family is not just the foundation of the state and society, it is a spiritual phenomenon, a source of morality," he said. 
 
The entire speech was uploaded on the official website of the Russian president. 
 
"Preserving and increasing the population of Russia is our goal for the coming decades and even generations ahead. This is the future of the Russian world, the millennium-old, eternal Russia," Putin said.

<h2>Putin's comment linked to massive casualties suffered in war?</h2>

Head of Russia's Orthodox Church Patriarch Kirill organised the conference and the representatives of many traditional organisations of Russia attended it, said The Independent. 
 
Though the comments of the Russian president did not directly refer to the massive casualties suffered by the Russian Army in the war against Ukraine, many media outlets have linked the statement to the loss borne in the conflict.

Watch:&nbsp;Russia-Ukraine war: Russia deploys in Kherson region: British Intelligence

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UK defence ministry had estimated the death toll from Ukraine war at more than 300,000.

 
As per a report by independent Russian policy group Re:Russia, nearly 820,000-920,000 people have till now fled the country. 
 
The country is also dealing severe shortage of workforce and there has economic slowdown because of the sanctions imposed by the West, in retaliation to the war waged by Russia against Ukraine.

(With inputs from agencies)

Russian President Vladimir Putin has appealed to the country's women to give birth to as many as eight children and make it a “norm” to create large families. He made the statement while speaking at the World Russian People's Council in Moscow on Tuesday (Nov 28).

Russian President Vladimir Putin has appealed to the country's women to give birth to as many as eight children and make it a “norm” to create large families. He made the statement while speaking at the World Russian People's Council in Moscow on Tuesday (Nov 28). The birth rate in Russia has been declining since the 1990s and the country has recorded more than 300,000 casualties in the Ukraine war, as per a report published by The Independent. In the speech, Putin said boosting the country's population will be "our goal for the coming decades". "Many of our ethnic groups have preserved the tradition of having strong multigenerational families with four, five, or even more children. Let us remember that Russian families, many of our grandmothers and great-grandmothers had seven, eight, or even more children," said Putin, while addressing the council through a video link. Also read: Russia imposes ban on 'international LGBT movement', terming it 'extremist group' "Let us preserve and revive these excellent traditions. Large families must become the norm, a way of life for all Russia's peoples. The family is not just the foundation of the state and society, it is a spiritual phenomenon, a source of morality," he said. The entire speech was uploaded on the official website of the Russian president. "Preserving and increasing the population of Russia is our goal for the coming decades and even generations ahead. This is the future of the Russian world, the millennium-old, eternal Russia," Putin said. Putin's comment linked to massive casualties suffered in war? Head of Russia's Orthodox Church Patriarch Kirill organised the conference and the representatives of many traditional organisations of Russia attended it, said The Independent. Though the comments of the Russian president did not directly refer to the massive casualties suffered by the Russian Army in the war against Ukraine, many media outlets have linked the statement to the loss borne in the conflict. Watch: Russia-Ukraine war: Russia deploys in Kherson region: British Intelligence UK defence ministry had estimated the death toll from Ukraine war at more than 300,000. As per a report by independent Russian policy group Re:Russia, nearly 820,000-920,000 people have till now fled the country. The country is also dealing severe shortage of workforce and there has economic slowdown because of the sanctions imposed by the West, in retaliation to the war waged by Russia against Ukraine. (With inputs from agencies)

Putin appeals to Russian women to give birth to '8 or more' children

Exactly 30 years on from when the Declaration was adopted by the United Nations the world has seen very little to no improvement it has in fact witnessed a surge in violence against women. Women have always been the most vulnerable and often exploited section of the society in any age, place and society. Globally an estimated 736 million women and that is every one in three have been subjected to some form of physical and or sexual violence at least once in their lives.

Rallies across the world condemns violence against women

Climate change is real this is a statement we have heard over the years but a byproduct stemming from these conversations is of climate anxiety. Much like climate change the anxiety around it is also a very real phenomenon. Google's data now shows that searches around climate anxiety have been on the rise.

Women suffer more from 'Climate Anxiety' than men, shows study

When it comes to binge drinking among women, the United Kingdom tops the list according to a new report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Among women binge drinkers, UK tops the chart

The National Health Service (NHS) in England has announced that almost 300,000 women will be offered a drug called anastrozole to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer

New UK drug to prevent breast cancer | Almost 300,000 women to be given this drug

A new report from investment management firm Blackrock states that parity between men and women has helped companies earn 29% higher profits in the last decade. Companies, where women are appropriately represented in the middle management, have generated 0.36% higher monthly returns, compared to companies where women representation is poor.

Women-led hedge funds outperform in last 16 years | World Business News

The election season is underway in India five major States will be going to the polls next month. Watch our report to know more.

The wait for 'one nation, one election'

Expect our society to perpetuate gender norms! In fact, we didn't even spare prehistoric times and assumed that men took on the more powerful roles that required excessive physical strength.

In a recent study, the years-long belief that in prehistoric times men were the hunters and women played the gatherers has been challenged. 
 
The research, led by anthropology professor at the University of Delaware Sarah Lacy, suggests that women did not have the physical capability to hunt but likely took part in it.

<h2>Study focuses on Paleolithic era</h2>

The study's focus was on the Paleolithic era, which spans from around 2.5 million to 12,000 years ago. During the study, very little evidence was found by the researchers which suggested that the roles of men and women were rigidly defined by gender. 
 
Professor Lacy, who has specialised in the health of early humans, entered into a collaboration with Cara Ocobock from the University of Notre Dame, who has been drawing connections between the fossil record and modern-day physiology.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/alien-life-unlike-humans-may-not-be-carbon-based-suggests-new-study-639916">Alien life, unlike humans, may not be carbon-based, suggests new study</a>

While carrying out the study, the researchers saw scope for challenging the long-held belief regarding gendered division of labour. The researchers questioned why the “cavemen hunt, women gather” theory was accepted so widely. “We have so much evidence that that’s not the case,” Lacy stated while speaking to earth.com

<h2>Gender equality in prehistoric times?</h2>

A striking image of gender equality was revealed to the researchers while reviewing ancient tools, diets, art, burials, and anatomy. 
 
“People found things in the past and they just automatically gendered them male and didn’t acknowledge the fact that everyone we found in the past has these markers, whether in their bones or in stone tools that are being placed in their burials,” stated Professor Lacy. 
 
“We can’t really tell who made what, right? We can’t say, ‘Oh, only males flintknap,’ because there’s no signature left on the stone tool that tells us who made it,” she added.

Watch |&nbsp;Switzerland Parliamentary Elections: 36% of voters say climate change a big election issue

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Lacy further stated that from the evidence collected so far, there seems to be nearly no difference in the roles assigned to the two genders. 
 
The research further addressed another question, that of whether any physiological barriers prevented women from going hunting. 
 
“When we take a deeper look at the anatomy and the modern physiology and then actually look at the skeletal remains of ancient people, there’s no difference in trauma patterns between males and females, because they’re doing the same activities,” stated Lacy. 
 
In the Paleolithic era, most people survived in small groups. “You live in such a small society. You have to be really, really flexible. Everyone has to be able to pick up any role at any time. It just seems like the obvious thing, but people weren’t taking it that way,” she added.

(With inputs from agencies)

You can&nbsp;now write for wionews.com&nbsp;and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.

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Expect our society to perpetuate gender norms! In fact, we didn't even spare prehistoric times and assumed that men took on the more powerful roles that required excessive physical strength.

Expect our society to perpetuate gender norms! In fact, we didn't even spare prehistoric times and assumed that men took on the more powerful roles that required excessive physical strength. In a recent study, the years-long belief that in prehistoric times men were the hunters and women played the gatherers has been challenged. The research, led by anthropology professor at the University of Delaware Sarah Lacy, suggests that women did not have the physical capability to hunt but likely took part in it. Study focuses on Paleolithic era The study's focus was on the Paleolithic era, which spans from around 2.5 million to 12,000 years ago. During the study, very little evidence was found by the researchers which suggested that the roles of men and women were rigidly defined by gender. Professor Lacy, who has specialised in the health of early humans, entered into a collaboration with Cara Ocobock from the University of Notre Dame, who has been drawing connections between the fossil record and modern-day physiology. ALSO READ | Alien life, unlike humans, may not be carbon-based, suggests new study While carrying out the study, the researchers saw scope for challenging the long-held belief regarding gendered division of labour. The researchers questioned why the “cavemen hunt, women gather” theory was accepted so widely. “We have so much evidence that that’s not the case,” Lacy stated while speaking to earth.com Gender equality in prehistoric times? A striking image of gender equality was revealed to the researchers while reviewing ancient tools, diets, art, burials, and anatomy. “People found things in the past and they just automatically gendered them male and didn’t acknowledge the fact that everyone we found in the past has these markers, whether in their bones or in stone tools that are being placed in their burials,” stated Professor Lacy. “We can’t really tell who made what, right? We can’t say, ‘Oh, only males flintknap,’ because there’s no signature left on the stone tool that tells us who made it,” she added. Watch | Switzerland Parliamentary Elections: 36% of voters say climate change a big election issue Lacy further stated that from the evidence collected so far, there seems to be nearly no difference in the roles assigned to the two genders. The research further addressed another question, that of whether any physiological barriers prevented women from going hunting. “When we take a deeper look at the anatomy and the modern physiology and then actually look at the skeletal remains of ancient people, there’s no difference in trauma patterns between males and females, because they’re doing the same activities,” stated Lacy. In the Paleolithic era, most people survived in small groups. “You live in such a small society. You have to be really, really flexible. Everyone has to be able to pick up any role at any time. It just seems like the obvious thing, but people weren’t taking it that way,” she added. (With inputs from agencies) You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Hunting was not solely a man's arena in prehistoric times, women did it too, study suggests

The changes that a woman's body is prone to menstruation is probably the most prominent one commonly referred to as periods - it's a monthly phenomena where the body discharges blood. But what causes modd swings in periods?

Menstruation: Study maps brain changes during periods

The Miss Universe beauty pageant is all set to undergo a historic change. The organization behind the event announced that it has eliminated its upper age limit of 28.

Miss Universe pageant to have two trans women contestants

The Nobel Prize Committee's decision to award the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences to Professor Claudia Goldin is a big win for women economists and&nbsp;economic historians. She is only the third woman -- and the first solo winner -- to win to this honour and economic historians have seldom been considered for the prize, which was established in 1969.

Breaking the glass ceiling, however, is not new for Goldin. She was also the first woman to secure a tenured track at Harvard University's prestigious economics department.

But beyond the usual headlines, Goldin's work on women's participation in the labour force across history is pathbreaking - to say the least. &nbsp;

Goldin began her academic journey in the transformative 1970s, at the height of the feminist movement, when the role of women in the economy was rapidly changing.

In her 1998 essay "The Economist as Detective", she recalls how her lifelong passion, which ultimately awarded her the Economics Nobel, began: "Women were in the data when young and single and often when widowed. But their stories were faintly heard after they married, for they were often not producing goods and services."

As her doctoral guide, University of Chicago's Robert Fogel played a key role in Goldin's early academic career. The 1993 winner of the Economics Nobel was instrumental in drawing her into the field of economic history.

Goldin's 1995 paper, "Cliometrics and the Nobel", is a tribute to Fogel as well as a chronicle of economic history. "They (Fogel &amp; North - the co-winner) are distinctive, because for them economic history is not a handmaiden of economics but a distinct field of scholarship," Goldin wrote arguing that Fogel formalised economic history "in a manner similar to the injection of mathematical models and statistics into the rest of economics".

But what makes Goldin's work special is her ability to see labour and gender through the prism of economic history. In doing so, Goldin has given the world, what the Nobel Prize Committee rightly states, "the first comprehensive account of women’s earnings and labour market participation through the centuries".

While it is difficult to sum up Goldin's work in a few paragraphs, three of her research papers give us enough insights into her work.

Perhaps, the Harvard professor's most famous research paper is "The power of the pill", which traces the influence of contraceptives on women's work life. The paper argues that "the pill" granted reproductive autonomy to women, boosting their educational and career freedoms.

Another important work, "The quiet revolution", postulates how women have increasingly committed themselves to higher education and professional careers by delaying marriage and motherhood. The study also notes how more and more women entered the fields of medicine, law and management from 1970s onward, while the number of women teachers, librarians and nurses began to fell.

But her most consequential research has been on gender pay gap. Her 2014 paper, "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter", talks about how the gender wage gap is less about human capital differences but more about labor market rewarding long work hours and penalising flexibility.

One common theme in all her research work is the meticulous use of historical records -- she has collected over 200 years of data from the US -- and quantitative economic methods to understand the past and make sense of the present.

“I have always thought of myself as a detective. The detective always believes there is a way of finding the answer," she told the Nobel Prize Committee after her win. Goldin, who once dreamt of being an archeologist, has always had a knack for investigation. Archeology's loss has turned out to be economics' gain.

Goldin has used her "detective" skills to unearth economic truths, dispel myths, and make the world a more gender-sensitive place.

The Nobel Prize Committee's decision to award the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences to Professor Claudia Goldin is a big win for women economists and economic historians.

The Nobel Prize Committee's decision to award the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences to Professor Claudia Goldin is a big win for women economists and economic historians. She is only the third woman -- and the first solo winner -- to win to this honour and economic historians have seldom been considered for the prize, which was established in 1969. Breaking the glass ceiling, however, is not new for Goldin. She was also the first woman to secure a tenured track at Harvard University's prestigious economics department. But beyond the usual headlines, Goldin's work on women's participation in the labour force across history is pathbreaking - to say the least. Goldin began her academic journey in the transformative 1970s, at the height of the feminist movement, when the role of women in the economy was rapidly changing. In her 1998 essay "The Economist as Detective", she recalls how her lifelong passion, which ultimately awarded her the Economics Nobel, began: "Women were in the data when young and single and often when widowed. But their stories were faintly heard after they married, for they were often not producing goods and services." As her doctoral guide, University of Chicago's Robert Fogel played a key role in Goldin's early academic career. The 1993 winner of the Economics Nobel was instrumental in drawing her into the field of economic history. Goldin's 1995 paper, "Cliometrics and the Nobel", is a tribute to Fogel as well as a chronicle of economic history. "They (Fogel & North - the co-winner) are distinctive, because for them economic history is not a handmaiden of economics but a distinct field of scholarship," Goldin wrote arguing that Fogel formalised economic history "in a manner similar to the injection of mathematical models and statistics into the rest of economics". But what makes Goldin's work special is her ability to see labour and gender through the prism of economic history. In doing so, Goldin has given the world, what the Nobel Prize Committee rightly states, "the first comprehensive account of women’s earnings and labour market participation through the centuries". While it is difficult to sum up Goldin's work in a few paragraphs, three of her research papers give us enough insights into her work. Perhaps, the Harvard professor's most famous research paper is "The power of the pill", which traces the influence of contraceptives on women's work life. The paper argues that "the pill" granted reproductive autonomy to women, boosting their educational and career freedoms. Another important work, "The quiet revolution", postulates how women have increasingly committed themselves to higher education and professional careers by delaying marriage and motherhood. The study also notes how more and more women entered the fields of medicine, law and management from 1970s onward, while the number of women teachers, librarians and nurses began to fell. But her most consequential research has been on gender pay gap. Her 2014 paper, "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter", talks about how the gender wage gap is less about human capital differences but more about labor market rewarding long work hours and penalising flexibility. One common theme in all her research work is the meticulous use of historical records -- she has collected over 200 years of data from the US -- and quantitative economic methods to understand the past and make sense of the present. “I have always thought of myself as a detective. The detective always believes there is a way of finding the answer," she told the Nobel Prize Committee after her win. Goldin, who once dreamt of being an archeologist, has always had a knack for investigation. Archeology's loss has turned out to be economics' gain. Goldin has used her "detective" skills to unearth economic truths, dispel myths, and make the world a more gender-sensitive place.

Claudia Goldin: A 'detective' who won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Economics 

Harvard University's&nbsp;Professor Claudia Goldin has been honoured with the Nobel Prize in Economics for 2023, as announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

This esteemed recognition, officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was awarded to Goldin in acknowledgment of her extensive research contributions to the understanding of women's roles and outcomes in the labor market.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences commended Goldin's groundbreaking work, stating that she has significantly advanced the world's&nbsp;comprehension of women's labour market results.

Goldin becomes the 55th laureate of this prestigious award and only the third woman, after&nbsp;Elinor Ostrom&nbsp;in 2009 and Esther Duflo in 2019, to receive this honour since its establishment in 1969.

According to a Moneycontrol report, the Academy highlighted Goldin's remarkable contributions, emphasising her meticulous examination of historical data and the presentation of new and unexpected insights.

Her research, in the words of the Nobel committee,&nbsp;deepened our insights into the factors influencing women's opportunities in the labour market, particularly the impact of marriage and household responsibilities.

Goldin's studies underscore that change in labour market dynamics occurs gradually, as career choices are influenced by expectations that may evolve over time.

Her research has global relevance, with similar patterns observed in numerous countries, offering valuable insights into labour markets of the past, present, and future.

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Harvard University's Professor Claudia Goldin has been honoured with the Nobel Prize in Economics for 2023, as announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Harvard University's Professor Claudia Goldin has been honoured with the Nobel Prize in Economics for 2023, as announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. This esteemed recognition, officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was awarded to Goldin in acknowledgment of her extensive research contributions to the understanding of women's roles and outcomes in the labor market. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences commended Goldin's groundbreaking work, stating that she has significantly advanced the world's comprehension of women's labour market results. Goldin becomes the 55th laureate of this prestigious award and only the third woman, after Elinor Ostrom in 2009 and Esther Duflo in 2019, to receive this honour since its establishment in 1969. According to a Moneycontrol report, the Academy highlighted Goldin's remarkable contributions, emphasising her meticulous examination of historical data and the presentation of new and unexpected insights. Her research, in the words of the Nobel committee, deepened our insights into the factors influencing women's opportunities in the labour market, particularly the impact of marriage and household responsibilities. Goldin's studies underscore that change in labour market dynamics occurs gradually, as career choices are influenced by expectations that may evolve over time. Her research has global relevance, with similar patterns observed in numerous countries, offering valuable insights into labour markets of the past, present, and future. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Claudia Goldin awarded Nobel Prize in economics for research on women's labour market impact

After three years after the outbreak COVID-19 continues to pose a serious threat a new landsat study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the MRNA from the COVID-19 vaccines

Covid-19 MRNA detected in breast milk

Over the past week 130 world leaders and more than 50 ministers addressed the annual high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, but fewer than 12 per cent&nbsp;of those to stand at the lectern were women.

"We have to be courageous enough ... to call people out, delegation by delegation, when you meet them," UN&nbsp;Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed told reporters on Tuesday after the last country had spoken in the 193-member General Assembly.

"It's clear and abundant in the hall, when you're sitting at the podium and you're looking down, it's true - I'm searching for the women and that has to get better," she added.

Only four countries did not address the six day meeting - Niger, Myanmar, Afghanistan and Madagascar, diplomats said.

Of the 189 member countries who spoke there were 88 heads of state and 42 heads of government, said senior U.N. official Movses Abelian. The remaining speakers were made up of deputy leaders and ministers, along with six ambassadors.

Among the speakers were 21 women - six heads of state, four heads of government, one vice president, nine ministers and one vice minister, Abelian told reporters.

In his speech, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa drew applause on the first day of the General Assembly when he said that women made up 50 per cent&nbsp;of South Africa's cabinet and that he had been accompanied to New York by an all-female delegation.

"It should be a matter of concern to us all that the majority of people who are sitting in this assembly are men," he said. "The question we have to ask - where are the women of the world? The women of the world have a right to be here."

Within the United Nations there is gender parity among the top level of under-secretaries-general, according to U.N. data. Throughout the entire UN&nbsp;system, women make up 44 per cent&nbsp;of international staff.

* The longest speech, at 38 minutes, was given by Burkina Faso's Minister of State and Civil Service Bassolma Bazie, while the shortest, at about 10 minutes, was Rwandan President Paul Kagame, Abelian said.

* While 190 countries spoke about the COVID-19 pandemic during the high-level General Assembly in 2021, only about 40 countries did this year.

WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

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Over the past week 130 world leaders and more than 50 ministers addressed the annual high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, but fewer than 12 per cent of those to stand at the lectern were women.

Over the past week 130 world leaders and more than 50 ministers addressed the annual high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, but fewer than 12 per cent of those to stand at the lectern were women. "We have to be courageous enough ... to call people out, delegation by delegation, when you meet them," UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed told reporters on Tuesday after the last country had spoken in the 193-member General Assembly. "It's clear and abundant in the hall, when you're sitting at the podium and you're looking down, it's true - I'm searching for the women and that has to get better," she added. Only four countries did not address the six day meeting - Niger, Myanmar, Afghanistan and Madagascar, diplomats said. Of the 189 member countries who spoke there were 88 heads of state and 42 heads of government, said senior U.N. official Movses Abelian. The remaining speakers were made up of deputy leaders and ministers, along with six ambassadors. Among the speakers were 21 women - six heads of state, four heads of government, one vice president, nine ministers and one vice minister, Abelian told reporters. In his speech, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa drew applause on the first day of the General Assembly when he said that women made up 50 per cent of South Africa's cabinet and that he had been accompanied to New York by an all-female delegation. "It should be a matter of concern to us all that the majority of people who are sitting in this assembly are men," he said. "The question we have to ask - where are the women of the world? The women of the world have a right to be here." Within the United Nations there is gender parity among the top level of under-secretaries-general, according to U.N. data. Throughout the entire UN system, women make up 44 per cent of international staff. * The longest speech, at 38 minutes, was given by Burkina Faso's Minister of State and Civil Service Bassolma Bazie, while the shortest, at about 10 minutes, was Rwandan President Paul Kagame, Abelian said. * While 190 countries spoke about the COVID-19 pandemic during the high-level General Assembly in 2021, only about 40 countries did this year. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Gender disparity: Women speakers at UN General Assembly were less than 12%

There are things that you and I use daily that are possibly not actually designed for women, these could be gym instruments, gaming controllers even reproductive products. Watch this report to know more.

Gender inequality affects cancer treatment

Women in India are far more likely to seek jobs if the salaries of their husbands keep rising from approximately Rs 40,000 per month. Here's what a new study has found.

Gravitas: Indian women seek employment as husbands' incomes rise | What new study reveals?

Women's Reservation Bill has been tabled in the Lower House of the Parliament. It will now be deliberated on by the members of parliament. What does the bill actually propose? Will it finally be passed? Molly Gambhir tells you more.

Gravitas: Historic bill for Indian women in politics | Explained

For the first time, three young women are said to become Temple priests in India. These women have completed their training and will soon be designated as assistant priests at temples in the southern state of Tamil Nadu. The women named S Ramya, S Krishnaveni, and N Ranjitha are expected to commence their duties in 2024.

Three women complete 'All-Castes Priests Training' in Tamil Nadu

In a realm where innovation reigns supreme, the ghost of an old adage still whispers in the wind: "Shrink It and Pink It." Once a dictum for product design, it now silently weaves its threads into the very heart of Artificial Intelligence (AI), blurring the lines between antiquity and advancement. As we stand on the cusp of an AI-driven era, the question looms large: How does a belief rooted in yesteryears remain steadfast in the face of technology's rapid evolution?

Behold the convergence of past prejudice and present progress, where the hues of pink and the art of "shrinking" transmute into digitized dogma. The same sentiments that once pigeonholed women's interests into dainty boxes now insidiously taint AI responses, entangling our digital future with historical biases. It's a cautionary tale of how the tides of change don't always wash away the footprints of the past.

In this exposé, we embark on an exploration that transcends mere problem identification. We voyage from the origins of "Shrink It and Pink It" to the disturbing underbelly of AI responses that mirror the sexism of the past. But here, our journey isn't one of despair – it's a beacon of hope. We're peeling back the layers to showcase the stories of the women who've stormed the bastions of technology and AI, carving their names on a landscape once dominated by a singular gender.

<h2>A bleak outlook for women</h2>

Gender bias in AI is an ominous cloud overshadowing the realm of artificial intelligence. It threatens to deepen the longstanding gender divide. Alarming reports worldwide paint a grim picture of how AI could adversely affect women.

<ul>
	<li dir="ltr">
	A recent McKinsey report rings the alarm: The AI surge might disproportionately displace women from the workforce by the decade's end. American women, in particular, could bear the brunt of AI-induced job losses, exposing a stark gender bias in AI's impact distribution.
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	The World Economic Forum (WEF), a global gender equality advocate, delivers equally sobering news. The Global Gender Gap Report 2022 predicts gender equality to remain a distant dream, with a staggering 132-year wait. Progress, albeit present, crawls at a frustratingly slow pace.
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	Beneath these troubling statistics lies a glaring underrepresentation of women in AI and tech. UNESCO's 2019 data reveals that merely 12% of AI researchers are women. In the software development realm, women occupy a mere 6% of the workforce. Shockingly, women are 13 times less likely to file ICT patents compared to their male counterparts.
	</li>
</ul>

These reports unveil a bleak narrative—a future where AI could amplify gender disparities. The question that resounds through these findings isn't just about AI's capabilities but the ethical responsibility to ensure AI's advancement doesn't further marginalize women.

<h2>When code reflects culture's shadows</h2>

Picture this: a world where technology, that most modern of marvels, not only listens but also perpetuates the same age-old stereotypes that have plagued society for generations. It seems like a paradox, right? But as AI models become more sophisticated, it's becoming increasingly evident that they are not immune to the biases ingrained in our culture. Let's dive into the world of AI and gender bias, where virtual responses echo real-world inequalities with uncanny accuracy.

<ul>
	<li dir="ltr">
	Imagine feeding<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="0" href="https://medium.com/illumination/are-midjourney-and-chat-gpt-sexist-realizing-the-gender-bias-f27d1de553c5" id="OWAb4e386e7-5a5f-15ef-314c-34e720d7865b" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">&nbsp;Midjourney</a>&nbsp;the prompts, "/imagine a woman having a period and blood stain on her pants" or "/imagine a woman having a period." The response is nothing short of eyebrow-raising. "Action needed to continue," it declares, hinting at the taboo surrounding menstruation, even in the digital realm. Even AI, it seems, isn't immune to the period taboo.&nbsp;
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	But it doesn't stop there. Experiments using AI models like Dall-e and ChatGPT unveil a disheartening trend. These virtual minds, tasked with imagining professions, tend to sketch a tech founder or CEO as a man more often than not. While ChatGPT leans towards generating more Chinese-American name combinations, including ‘Sarah Chen’ or ‘John Kim’, Dall-e's imagery predominantly consists of white men. Diversity? Not quite.
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	In the age of Twitter threads and digital activism, examples of AI's bias are shared as vividly as a painter's palette. Users have managed to coax responses from AI models that are undeniably sexist. Take, for instance, the user who<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="1" href="https://twitter.com/numetaljacket/status/1599540643025793025?s=20" id="OWAe1407ed8-cd6d-2097-98f3-dc73654efe0f" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">&nbsp;prompted</a>&nbsp;ChatGPT to concoct lyrics that relegated women in lab coats to mere floor cleaners while elevating men to the pedestal of knowledge. Or the one who received a<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="2" href="https://twitter.com/spiantado/status/1599462375887114240?s=20" id="OWA277e378d-b0a8-75af-3b02-55db06cf3e39" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">&nbsp;reply</a>&nbsp;stating that "race - white, gender - male" when asking about a Python code, demonstrating how AI can inadvertently<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="3" href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/emgreenberg_gender-bias-in-chatgpt-activity-7056439774072483840-RyWr/?originalSubdomain=ug" id="OWA93eef2ff-203f-2a75-d695-232a4da8282b" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">&nbsp;stereotype</a>&nbsp;individuals.
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	Even OpenAI's CEO, Sam Altman, weighed in, suggesting that users&nbsp;<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="4" href="https://twitter.com/sama/status/1599472245285752832?s=20" id="OWAbec82454-7c2b-153e-a2eb-c00611da8ead" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">"thumbs down"</a>&nbsp;such biased results to aid AI's improvement. The very existence of these responses underscores the urgency to address AI's gender bias, raising questions about who curates the data, the ethical obligations of AI developers, and the potential fallout of disseminating biased technology.
	</li>
</ul>

<div class="ui-state-default" contenteditable="false">
<div class="twitter-block" draggable="false">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
please hit the thumbs down on these and help us improve!
— Sam Altman (@sama) <a href="https://twitter.com/sama/status/1599472245285752832?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 4, 2022</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></div>
<a class="close-mark close-div" href="#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></div>

<ul>
	<li dir="ltr">
	The bias isn't limited to text alone; it even seeps into AI's interpretation of images.&nbsp;<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="5" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/feb/08/biased-ai-algorithms-racy-women-bodies" id="OWAe8d9e243-f0b1-a021-55d9-6a73373be39c" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Guardian</a>'s investigation into AI algorithms reveals a disturbing trend. These algorithms, developed to protect users on social media platforms, exhibit a gender bias, often categorizing images of women in everyday scenarios as sexually suggestive.&nbsp;
	</li>
	<li dir="ltr">
	And if you think AI's biases stop at the textual or visual, think again. An experiment involving specially designed&nbsp;<a data-auth="NotApplicable" data-linkindex="6" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/07/16/racist-robots-ai/" id="OWA5173ec49-3215-4e92-1846-9dcf54f5f437" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">robots</a>&nbsp;sorting through billions of images led to them consistently choosing blocks with Black men's faces as&nbsp;"criminals."&nbsp;This stark revelation underscores the dire need to address the biases embedded in AI algorithms before they become the guiding force behind automation.
	</li>
</ul>

In the face of such revelations, it becomes clear that AI's journey towards objectivity is far from over. These instances of bias, whether in text, imagery, or responses, are a stark reminder that technology mirrors society's shadows.&nbsp;

<h2>Women leading the charge against gender bias in AI</h2>

In the rapidly evolving landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), gender bias has emerged as a critical concern. Three remarkable women in the AI domain, Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah, an AI Engineer and AI Ambassador in Malaysia; Shruti Nagpal, a Research Scientist at Sony AI renowned for her contributions to AI ethics and creativity; and Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy, a Data Scientist and Ambassador for Women in AI Ireland, have provided valuable insights.

Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy emphasises that AI models inherit biases from human-generated data, stating,&nbsp;"These models inherit the sexist and anti-feminist responses that are introduced by humans, who are the source of the data."&nbsp;This includes biases such as sexism and anti-feminism.

Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah highlights the importance of training data, which can introduce gender bias into AI responses. She points out that using female names and voices for AI assistants like Amazon's Alexa and Apple's Siri can further reinforce stereotypes about women, stating,&nbsp;"The data and labelling often exhibit bias, leading the model to learn from incorrect data, ultimately resulting in erroneous predictions."

Addressing biased AI responses, Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy calls for a balance between innovation and ethics in AI development. Shruti Nagpal adds that AI models are continually evolving, emphasizing that&nbsp;"AI models are a work in progress."

Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah stresses that combatting anti-feminist and sexist AI statements requires more than user feedback. She suggests retraining AI models on diverse datasets and educating users about AI bias.

Dr Shruti underlines that&nbsp;"AI is a potent tool, provided it is used appropriately and responsibly."&nbsp;She emphasizes that AI-induced gender bias can significantly hinder global gender equality, affecting various aspects of life, from job opportunities to loan approvals.

Regarding advancing gender parity, Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah notes that there are more female AI researchers than developers in Malaysia due to academic preferences. Dr Genç-McEvoy highlights the need to address the decline of women in higher-level positions and recommends creating female-only academic positions and targeted recruitment in companies.

In building inclusive AI models, Dr Genç-McEvoy encourages developers to adopt trustworthy AI principles and assemble diverse teams that question and research freely.

Dr Hamzah insists on&nbsp;"holding AI developers accountable for the ethical implications of their work, having a diverse team of developers working on AI systems, and incorporating fairness metrics into the design of AI systems"&nbsp;to ensure responsible AI evolution.

Dr. Hamzah also emphasizes the roles of governments, the private sector, and AI organizations in promoting gender equality in AI, highlighting the importance of policies, STEM education for girls, mentorship programs, and equitable hiring practices.

These visionary women illustrate that addressing gender bias in AI is a multifaceted challenge, but through education, diversity, and collaborative efforts, meaningful progress is attainable. They serve as inspiring catalysts, leading the way towards a more inclusive AI-driven society.

<h2>Crafting an equitable future</h2>

In the echoing chambers of AI, gender bias reverberates, threatening to cast shadows on the future. But in these echoes, there's a call to action—a promise of progress. To dismantle gender bias in AI, we must first recognize its existence, understand its roots, and acknowledge the role of data and developers in perpetuating bias.&nbsp;

The path forward isn't solely about combating bias but also about creating a technology landscape where everyone has a seat at the table. In this ever-evolving narrative, the conclusion remains open-ended. The question now echoes: Will AI become a realm of equality, or will it merely amplify the biases of the past? The answer lies in our hands, our code, and our commitment to progress. It's a future where the echo of "Shrink It and Pink It" is replaced by the harmony of diversity, equality, and innovation.

WATCH WION LIVE HERE

<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/live-tv/embed?autoplay=1&amp;mute=1" width="100%"></iframe>

In a realm where innovation reigns supreme, the ghost of an old adage still whispers in the wind: "Shrink It and Pink It." Once a dictum for product design, it now silently weaves its threads into the very heart of Artificial Intelligence (AI), blurring the lines between antiquity and advancement.

In a realm where innovation reigns supreme, the ghost of an old adage still whispers in the wind: "Shrink It and Pink It." Once a dictum for product design, it now silently weaves its threads into the very heart of Artificial Intelligence (AI), blurring the lines between antiquity and advancement. As we stand on the cusp of an AI-driven era, the question looms large: How does a belief rooted in yesteryears remain steadfast in the face of technology's rapid evolution? Behold the convergence of past prejudice and present progress, where the hues of pink and the art of "shrinking" transmute into digitized dogma. The same sentiments that once pigeonholed women's interests into dainty boxes now insidiously taint AI responses, entangling our digital future with historical biases. It's a cautionary tale of how the tides of change don't always wash away the footprints of the past. In this exposé, we embark on an exploration that transcends mere problem identification. We voyage from the origins of "Shrink It and Pink It" to the disturbing underbelly of AI responses that mirror the sexism of the past. But here, our journey isn't one of despair – it's a beacon of hope. We're peeling back the layers to showcase the stories of the women who've stormed the bastions of technology and AI, carving their names on a landscape once dominated by a singular gender. A bleak outlook for women Gender bias in AI is an ominous cloud overshadowing the realm of artificial intelligence. It threatens to deepen the longstanding gender divide. Alarming reports worldwide paint a grim picture of how AI could adversely affect women. A recent McKinsey report rings the alarm: The AI surge might disproportionately displace women from the workforce by the decade's end. American women, in particular, could bear the brunt of AI-induced job losses, exposing a stark gender bias in AI's impact distribution. The World Economic Forum (WEF), a global gender equality advocate, delivers equally sobering news. The Global Gender Gap Report 2022 predicts gender equality to remain a distant dream, with a staggering 132-year wait. Progress, albeit present, crawls at a frustratingly slow pace. Beneath these troubling statistics lies a glaring underrepresentation of women in AI and tech. UNESCO's 2019 data reveals that merely 12% of AI researchers are women. In the software development realm, women occupy a mere 6% of the workforce. Shockingly, women are 13 times less likely to file ICT patents compared to their male counterparts. These reports unveil a bleak narrative—a future where AI could amplify gender disparities. The question that resounds through these findings isn't just about AI's capabilities but the ethical responsibility to ensure AI's advancement doesn't further marginalize women. When code reflects culture's shadows Picture this: a world where technology, that most modern of marvels, not only listens but also perpetuates the same age-old stereotypes that have plagued society for generations. It seems like a paradox, right? But as AI models become more sophisticated, it's becoming increasingly evident that they are not immune to the biases ingrained in our culture. Let's dive into the world of AI and gender bias, where virtual responses echo real-world inequalities with uncanny accuracy. Imagine feeding Midjourney the prompts, "/imagine a woman having a period and blood stain on her pants" or "/imagine a woman having a period." The response is nothing short of eyebrow-raising. "Action needed to continue," it declares, hinting at the taboo surrounding menstruation, even in the digital realm. Even AI, it seems, isn't immune to the period taboo. But it doesn't stop there. Experiments using AI models like Dall-e and ChatGPT unveil a disheartening trend. These virtual minds, tasked with imagining professions, tend to sketch a tech founder or CEO as a man more often than not. While ChatGPT leans towards generating more Chinese-American name combinations, including ‘Sarah Chen’ or ‘John Kim’, Dall-e's imagery predominantly consists of white men. Diversity? Not quite. In the age of Twitter threads and digital activism, examples of AI's bias are shared as vividly as a painter's palette. Users have managed to coax responses from AI models that are undeniably sexist. Take, for instance, the user who prompted ChatGPT to concoct lyrics that relegated women in lab coats to mere floor cleaners while elevating men to the pedestal of knowledge. Or the one who received a reply stating that "race - white, gender - male" when asking about a Python code, demonstrating how AI can inadvertently stereotype individuals. Even OpenAI's CEO, Sam Altman, weighed in, suggesting that users "thumbs down" such biased results to aid AI's improvement. The very existence of these responses underscores the urgency to address AI's gender bias, raising questions about who curates the data, the ethical obligations of AI developers, and the potential fallout of disseminating biased technology. please hit the thumbs down on these and help us improve! — Sam Altman (@sama) December 4, 2022 × The bias isn't limited to text alone; it even seeps into AI's interpretation of images. Guardian's investigation into AI algorithms reveals a disturbing trend. These algorithms, developed to protect users on social media platforms, exhibit a gender bias, often categorizing images of women in everyday scenarios as sexually suggestive. And if you think AI's biases stop at the textual or visual, think again. An experiment involving specially designed robots sorting through billions of images led to them consistently choosing blocks with Black men's faces as "criminals." This stark revelation underscores the dire need to address the biases embedded in AI algorithms before they become the guiding force behind automation. In the face of such revelations, it becomes clear that AI's journey towards objectivity is far from over. These instances of bias, whether in text, imagery, or responses, are a stark reminder that technology mirrors society's shadows. Women leading the charge against gender bias in AI In the rapidly evolving landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), gender bias has emerged as a critical concern. Three remarkable women in the AI domain, Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah, an AI Engineer and AI Ambassador in Malaysia; Shruti Nagpal, a Research Scientist at Sony AI renowned for her contributions to AI ethics and creativity; and Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy, a Data Scientist and Ambassador for Women in AI Ireland, have provided valuable insights. Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy emphasises that AI models inherit biases from human-generated data, stating, "These models inherit the sexist and anti-feminist responses that are introduced by humans, who are the source of the data." This includes biases such as sexism and anti-feminism. Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah highlights the importance of training data, which can introduce gender bias into AI responses. She points out that using female names and voices for AI assistants like Amazon's Alexa and Apple's Siri can further reinforce stereotypes about women, stating, "The data and labelling often exhibit bias, leading the model to learn from incorrect data, ultimately resulting in erroneous predictions." Addressing biased AI responses, Dr Begüm Genç-McEvoy calls for a balance between innovation and ethics in AI development. Shruti Nagpal adds that AI models are continually evolving, emphasizing that "AI models are a work in progress." Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah stresses that combatting anti-feminist and sexist AI statements requires more than user feedback. She suggests retraining AI models on diverse datasets and educating users about AI bias. Dr Shruti underlines that "AI is a potent tool, provided it is used appropriately and responsibly." She emphasizes that AI-induced gender bias can significantly hinder global gender equality, affecting various aspects of life, from job opportunities to loan approvals. Regarding advancing gender parity, Dr Fairoza Amira Binti Hamzah notes that there are more female AI researchers than developers in Malaysia due to academic preferences. Dr Genç-McEvoy highlights the need to address the decline of women in higher-level positions and recommends creating female-only academic positions and targeted recruitment in companies. In building inclusive AI models, Dr Genç-McEvoy encourages developers to adopt trustworthy AI principles and assemble diverse teams that question and research freely. Dr Hamzah insists on "holding AI developers accountable for the ethical implications of their work, having a diverse team of developers working on AI systems, and incorporating fairness metrics into the design of AI systems" to ensure responsible AI evolution. Dr. Hamzah also emphasizes the roles of governments, the private sector, and AI organizations in promoting gender equality in AI, highlighting the importance of policies, STEM education for girls, mentorship programs, and equitable hiring practices. These visionary women illustrate that addressing gender bias in AI is a multifaceted challenge, but through education, diversity, and collaborative efforts, meaningful progress is attainable. They serve as inspiring catalysts, leading the way towards a more inclusive AI-driven society. Crafting an equitable future In the echoing chambers of AI, gender bias reverberates, threatening to cast shadows on the future. But in these echoes, there's a call to action—a promise of progress. To dismantle gender bias in AI, we must first recognize its existence, understand its roots, and acknowledge the role of data and developers in perpetuating bias. The path forward isn't solely about combating bias but also about creating a technology landscape where everyone has a seat at the table. In this ever-evolving narrative, the conclusion remains open-ended. The question now echoes: Will AI become a realm of equality, or will it merely amplify the biases of the past? The answer lies in our hands, our code, and our commitment to progress. It's a future where the echo of "Shrink It and Pink It" is replaced by the harmony of diversity, equality, and innovation. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Breaking biases: Unveiling persistent echo of 'shrink it and pink it' in AI, championed by women for change

Miss universe scraps age limit: New rules to come in effect from 2024

From the fight against poverty to education access, from political representation to economic opportunity, the world is "failing women and girls," the United Nations warned in a report on gender equality released Thursday.&nbsp;

The report from UN Women reviewed the progress made on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), adopted by the body's members in 2015, which were meant to create a better world for all by 2030.

The results of the review are grim.

"When we look at the data, it does look like the world is failing to advance and achieve gender equality," deputy executive director of UN Women Sarah Hendriks told AFP.

"And it is becoming, I'd say, an increasingly distant goal," she added.&nbsp;

The goal focused on gender equality aims by the end of the decade to eliminate gender discrimination, violence against women, forced marriages and genital mutilation, to make domestic work more equal, to guarantee access to reproductive health care and to ensure women's participation in political and economic life.

But "halfway to 2030, the world is failing women and girls," the report warns, with most of the goal's targets falling behind.&nbsp;

Every year, 245 million women over age 15 are victims of physical violence by their partners, one in five women are married before age 18, women spend 2.8 more hours per day doing unpaid housework than their male counterparts and women represent only 26.7 per cent of all lawmakers worldwide.

To change those trends, it would cost some $360 billion in additional investments per year in 50 developing countries, representing some 70 per cent of the world's population, the agency estimates.&nbsp;

That money would "enable the lifting of the entire SDG agenda," Hendriks said.&nbsp;

"We know what needs to be done and the world needs to pay for it," she said.&nbsp;

"And if we make gender equality that specific objective of development, the trajectory can change," she said, by "strengthening mutual accountability to place women and girls at the centre."

In July, the UN rang the alarm on the SDGs overall, saying they are "in peril" and calling for a "rescue plan" ahead of a summit set for September 18 and 19.&nbsp;

According to the UN Women report, the outcomes for many global development goals are worse for women than they are for humanity overall.&nbsp;

For example, at the current rate, 575 million people will still live in extreme poverty by 2030, a far cry from the eradication the UN hoped for. And of those, 342 million of them will be women, or about 8 per cent of the women in the world, according to the report.

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From the fight against poverty to education access, from political representation to economic opportunity, the world is "failing women and girls," the United Nations warned in a report on gender equality released Thursday.

From the fight against poverty to education access, from political representation to economic opportunity, the world is "failing women and girls," the United Nations warned in a report on gender equality released Thursday. The report from UN Women reviewed the progress made on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), adopted by the body's members in 2015, which were meant to create a better world for all by 2030. The results of the review are grim. "When we look at the data, it does look like the world is failing to advance and achieve gender equality," deputy executive director of UN Women Sarah Hendriks told AFP. "And it is becoming, I'd say, an increasingly distant goal," she added. The goal focused on gender equality aims by the end of the decade to eliminate gender discrimination, violence against women, forced marriages and genital mutilation, to make domestic work more equal, to guarantee access to reproductive health care and to ensure women's participation in political and economic life. But "halfway to 2030, the world is failing women and girls," the report warns, with most of the goal's targets falling behind. Every year, 245 million women over age 15 are victims of physical violence by their partners, one in five women are married before age 18, women spend 2.8 more hours per day doing unpaid housework than their male counterparts and women represent only 26.7 per cent of all lawmakers worldwide. To change those trends, it would cost some $360 billion in additional investments per year in 50 developing countries, representing some 70 per cent of the world's population, the agency estimates. That money would "enable the lifting of the entire SDG agenda," Hendriks said. "We know what needs to be done and the world needs to pay for it," she said. "And if we make gender equality that specific objective of development, the trajectory can change," she said, by "strengthening mutual accountability to place women and girls at the centre." In July, the UN rang the alarm on the SDGs overall, saying they are "in peril" and calling for a "rescue plan" ahead of a summit set for September 18 and 19. According to the UN Women report, the outcomes for many global development goals are worse for women than they are for humanity overall. For example, at the current rate, 575 million people will still live in extreme poverty by 2030, a far cry from the eradication the UN hoped for. And of those, 342 million of them will be women, or about 8 per cent of the women in the world, according to the report. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

World is failing women and girls, warns United Nations in gender equality report

To empower the women of Jammu and Kashmir, the election commission of the Union Territory has reserved 358 wards for women in 77 municipal bodies of J&amp;K for the upcoming municipality and Urban Local Body (ULB) polls. In 1119 wards across 77 municipal bodies of Jammu and Kashmir, a total of 358 seats have been reserved for women.&nbsp;

In the Srinagar district alone, the Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) has recommended reserving 25 out of a total of 74 wards for women in the Srinagar Municipal Corporation. For the Jammu Municipal Corporation, the proposal includes reservations for 25 wards for women, besides 10 for Scheduled Castes, and two for Scheduled Tribes.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/exclusive-how-chola-era-skill-was-used-to-sculpt-8-metal18-ton-nataraja-idol-in-7months-632945">How Chola-era skill was used to sculpt 8-metal,18-ton Nataraja idol, in 7months</a>

The women across Jammu and Kashmir have welcomed the step and said&nbsp;it will help in making things better in the Union Territory.&nbsp;

''It's not only for women's empowerment but the role women have played in the current politics of Jammu and Kashmir. It was important. Women always think better and with all the faithfulness for the society. The quota was demanded for a long time and it's a very beautiful decision for the females. The women in J&amp;K have strong convictions and are always at the forefront. The women played a major role in the last elections and I see a better future after this quota being given to females,'' said Hina Bhat, Vice Chairperson of J&amp;K Khadi &amp; Village Industries Board.&nbsp;

As per the notification, citizens and stakeholders have been granted a seven-day window to provide their objections and suggestions concerning the proposal. The political parties including from the region welcomed the decision to make a huge number of wards reserved for women.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indian-supreme-court-grants-temporarily-stays-arrest-of-senior-journalists-over-report-on-manipur-clashes-632941">Indian Supreme Court grants temporarily stays arrest of senior journalists over report on Manipur clashes</a>

''It's a great step that women have been given their quota, in the previous governments women never got their reservations and it's in the BJP rule that reservations for ladies have been provided. There are so many benefits for women because of this. We will get our rights and we can work better for the women and society. Ladies always know it better to get the work done and we will make sure to work better,'' said Rashida, a BJP leader.&nbsp;

However, political parties like PDP have said that nothing new has been done but it's the old ideas being sold in new bottles. The BJP government has withdrawn the laws which were for the security and empowerment of women, it alleged.&nbsp;

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''When BJP has no issues at hand, they try to put old ideas into new bottles. In 2018 there was reservation for women. It's a good thing, Mehbooba Mufti was the CM who removed the stamp duty for the women buying properties, which was taken away by the BJP and they talk of women empowerment. The laws which were for the security of women were withdrawn by this government, so this is all a sham. Let the elections happen and they would know their place,'' said Mohit Bhan, PDP spokesperson.&nbsp;

The municipal polls in Jammu and Kashmir are likely to be held in October-November this year for which the preparations have already started. 
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To empower the women of Jammu and Kashmir, the election commission of the Union Territory has reserved 358 wards for women in 77 municipal bodies of J&K for the upcoming municipality and Urban Local Body (ULB) polls.

To empower the women of Jammu and Kashmir, the election commission of the Union Territory has reserved 358 wards for women in 77 municipal bodies of J&K for the upcoming municipality and Urban Local Body (ULB) polls. In 1119 wards across 77 municipal bodies of Jammu and Kashmir, a total of 358 seats have been reserved for women. In the Srinagar district alone, the Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) has recommended reserving 25 out of a total of 74 wards for women in the Srinagar Municipal Corporation. For the Jammu Municipal Corporation, the proposal includes reservations for 25 wards for women, besides 10 for Scheduled Castes, and two for Scheduled Tribes. Also Read | How Chola-era skill was used to sculpt 8-metal,18-ton Nataraja idol, in 7months The women across Jammu and Kashmir have welcomed the step and said it will help in making things better in the Union Territory. ''It's not only for women's empowerment but the role women have played in the current politics of Jammu and Kashmir. It was important. Women always think better and with all the faithfulness for the society. The quota was demanded for a long time and it's a very beautiful decision for the females. The women in J&K have strong convictions and are always at the forefront. The women played a major role in the last elections and I see a better future after this quota being given to females,'' said Hina Bhat, Vice Chairperson of J&K Khadi & Village Industries Board. As per the notification, citizens and stakeholders have been granted a seven-day window to provide their objections and suggestions concerning the proposal. The political parties including from the region welcomed the decision to make a huge number of wards reserved for women. Also Read | Indian Supreme Court grants temporarily stays arrest of senior journalists over report on Manipur clashes ''It's a great step that women have been given their quota, in the previous governments women never got their reservations and it's in the BJP rule that reservations for ladies have been provided. There are so many benefits for women because of this. We will get our rights and we can work better for the women and society. Ladies always know it better to get the work done and we will make sure to work better,'' said Rashida, a BJP leader. However, political parties like PDP have said that nothing new has been done but it's the old ideas being sold in new bottles. The BJP government has withdrawn the laws which were for the security and empowerment of women, it alleged. Watch | G20's role in shaping the future of global trade × ''When BJP has no issues at hand, they try to put old ideas into new bottles. In 2018 there was reservation for women. It's a good thing, Mehbooba Mufti was the CM who removed the stamp duty for the women buying properties, which was taken away by the BJP and they talk of women empowerment. The laws which were for the security of women were withdrawn by this government, so this is all a sham. Let the elections happen and they would know their place,'' said Mohit Bhan, PDP spokesperson. The municipal polls in Jammu and Kashmir are likely to be held in October-November this year for which the preparations have already started. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

To empower women, J&K election commission reserves 358 seats for them in municipal, urban local body polls

As per a new study, which was published in The Lancet Global Health journal, at least one in three men above the age of 15 is infected with at least one type of genital human papillomavirus (HPV), and one in five contracts one or more of high-risk HPV types. 
 
As per the research, men frequently contract genital HPV infections and pressed on the need to involve men in efforts to control HPV infection and reduce the number of related diseases in both men and women. 
 
HPV is a viral infection which commonly leads to skin or mucous membrane growths (warts). There exist more than 100 varieties of HPV.

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"This global study on the prevalence of genital HPV infection among men confirms how widespread HPV infection is. HPV infection with high-risk HPV types can cause genital warts and oral, penile and anal cancer in men," stated Meg Doherty, Director of WHO's Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes. 
 
"We must continue to look for opportunities to prevent HPV infection and to reduce the incidence of HPV-related disease in both men and women," said Doherty, in a statement.

<h2>HPV's global prevalence is 31 per cent: study</h2>

The meta-analysis and systematic review assessed the genital HPV infection's prevalence in the general male population on the basis of the studies published between 1995 and 2022. 
 
The study further discovered that HPV's global pooled prevalence was 31 per cent and that of high-risk HPV was 21 per cent. HPV-16 was found to be the most prevalent HPV genotype (5 per cent ) which was followed by HPV-6 (4 per cent ). 
 
The prevalence of HPV was high in young adults, which was found maximum in the age bracket of 25 years and 29 years, and slightly decreased or stabilised thereafter, said the researchers.

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They added that pooled prevalence estimates were found the same in the UN Sustainable Development Goal geographical regions of Europe and Northern America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Australia and New Zealand (Oceania). 
 
As per the researchers, the estimates for Eastern and South-Eastern Asia were half in comparison to the other regions. They stated that the majority of HPV infections found in women and men are asymptomatic, but it can lead to mortality and long-term sequelae. 
 
The study claimed that more than 340,000 women every year die of cervical cancer. The researchers said that HPV infection generally manifests clinically as anogenital warts in men which increases HPV transmission rates and leads to significant morbidity.

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As per a new study, which was published in The Lancet Global Health journal, at least one in three men above the age of 15 is infected with at least one type of genital human papillomavirus (HPV), and one in five contracts one or more of high-risk HPV types.

As per a new study, which was published in The Lancet Global Health journal, at least one in three men above the age of 15 is infected with at least one type of genital human papillomavirus (HPV), and one in five contracts one or more of high-risk HPV types. As per the research, men frequently contract genital HPV infections and pressed on the need to involve men in efforts to control HPV infection and reduce the number of related diseases in both men and women. HPV is a viral infection which commonly leads to skin or mucous membrane growths (warts). There exist more than 100 varieties of HPV. ALSO READ | Study suggests brain stimulation enhances mathematical skills "This global study on the prevalence of genital HPV infection among men confirms how widespread HPV infection is. HPV infection with high-risk HPV types can cause genital warts and oral, penile and anal cancer in men," stated Meg Doherty, Director of WHO's Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes. "We must continue to look for opportunities to prevent HPV infection and to reduce the incidence of HPV-related disease in both men and women," said Doherty, in a statement. HPV's global prevalence is 31 per cent: study The meta-analysis and systematic review assessed the genital HPV infection's prevalence in the general male population on the basis of the studies published between 1995 and 2022. The study further discovered that HPV's global pooled prevalence was 31 per cent and that of high-risk HPV was 21 per cent. HPV-16 was found to be the most prevalent HPV genotype (5 per cent ) which was followed by HPV-6 (4 per cent ). The prevalence of HPV was high in young adults, which was found maximum in the age bracket of 25 years and 29 years, and slightly decreased or stabilised thereafter, said the researchers. WATCH | Gravitas | Study: Antibiotics wipe out gut microbiomes, damage immune system They added that pooled prevalence estimates were found the same in the UN Sustainable Development Goal geographical regions of Europe and Northern America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Australia and New Zealand (Oceania). As per the researchers, the estimates for Eastern and South-Eastern Asia were half in comparison to the other regions. They stated that the majority of HPV infections found in women and men are asymptomatic, but it can lead to mortality and long-term sequelae. The study claimed that more than 340,000 women every year die of cervical cancer. The researchers said that HPV infection generally manifests clinically as anogenital warts in men which increases HPV transmission rates and leads to significant morbidity. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

One in three men infected with genital HPV globally, claims study

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