Joint projects, such as the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite, demonstrate how collaboration enhances global monitoring of climate change, natural disasters, and other scientific research objectives.

From NASA to ISRO: Top 6 space agencies shaping the future of exploration

Japan’s Hayabusa2 spacecraft, already renowned for its successful sample return from asteroid Ryugu in 2020, faces an unprecedented challenge in its extended mission. New astronomical observations have revealed that asteroid 1998 KY26, the target for Hayabusa2’s 2031 rendezvous, is far smaller and faster than previously believed. Initially thought to be about 30 metres wide and rotating once every 10 minutes, KY26 has now been found to measure just 11 metres across and spins once every five minutes. The findings were published on Thursday, following observations by the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile.&nbsp;“We found that the reality of the object is completely different from what it was previously described as,” said Toni Santana-Ros, astronomer at the University of Alicante and the University of Barcelona, who led the study using the VLT.<h2>Challenges for Hayabusa2’s extended mission</h2>Hayabusa2’s mission extension was approved after its return from Ryugu, allowing the spacecraft to continue towards KY26. While it has enough fuel to make the journey, the new revelations raise serious complications. The asteroid’s size is comparable to the spacecraft itself, complicating efforts to orbit and potentially land on its surface. Its rapid spin further intensifies the challenge, as completing one rotation in just five minutes makes maintaining proximity and stability extremely difficult.Olivier Hainaut, astronomer at the European Southern Observatory, emphasised the complexity: “The smaller size and faster rotation now measured will make Hayabusa2's visit even more interesting, but also even more challenging.”&nbsp;This marks the first mission ever to attempt exploration of an asteroid this small, and the encounter will demand precision unlike any previous planetary mission. Astronomers had to wait until KY26’s close pass to Earth to refine their calculations, highlighting just how elusive such small space rocks are.<h2>Scientific value and broader implications</h2>Despite the technical hurdles, studying KY26 carries enormous scientific value. Its bright surface suggests it could be a solid monolithic rock, though it might also be a loosely bound rubble pile. Understanding such objects is crucial, not just for planetary science but also for planetary defence. Asteroids of similar size have struck Earth before, such as the Chelyabinsk event in 2013, which caused widespread damage and injuries.&nbsp;As Santana-Ros explained, “We have never seen a 10-metre-size asteroid in situ, so we don't really know what to expect and how it will look.” This mission could therefore provide vital insights into how small asteroids are structured and how they behave in space. Hayabusa2’s work at KY26 will also inform future missions involving asteroid mining and strategies to mitigate potential threats to Earth.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Hayabusa2 mission is now poised to make history once again, this time by attempting to characterise the smallest asteroid ever targeted by a spacecraft. While the new findings make the mission more complex, they also promise to expand humanity’s understanding of small near-Earth objects.&nbsp;

Initially thought to be about 30 metres wide and rotating once every 10 minutes, KY26 has now been found to measure just 11 metres across and spins once every five minutes. 

Japan’s Hayabusa2 spacecraft, already renowned for its successful sample return from asteroid Ryugu in 2020, faces an unprecedented challenge in its extended mission. New astronomical observations have revealed that asteroid 1998 KY26, the target for Hayabusa2’s 2031 rendezvous, is far smaller and faster than previously believed. Initially thought to be about 30 metres wide and rotating once every 10 minutes, KY26 has now been found to measure just 11 metres across and spins once every five minutes. The findings were published on Thursday, following observations by the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile. “We found that the reality of the object is completely different from what it was previously described as,” said Toni Santana-Ros, astronomer at the University of Alicante and the University of Barcelona, who led the study using the VLT. Challenges for Hayabusa2’s extended mission Hayabusa2’s mission extension was approved after its return from Ryugu, allowing the spacecraft to continue towards KY26. While it has enough fuel to make the journey, the new revelations raise serious complications. The asteroid’s size is comparable to the spacecraft itself, complicating efforts to orbit and potentially land on its surface. Its rapid spin further intensifies the challenge, as completing one rotation in just five minutes makes maintaining proximity and stability extremely difficult. Olivier Hainaut, astronomer at the European Southern Observatory, emphasised the complexity: “The smaller size and faster rotation now measured will make Hayabusa2's visit even more interesting, but also even more challenging.” This marks the first mission ever to attempt exploration of an asteroid this small, and the encounter will demand precision unlike any previous planetary mission. Astronomers had to wait until KY26’s close pass to Earth to refine their calculations, highlighting just how elusive such small space rocks are. Scientific value and broader implications Despite the technical hurdles, studying KY26 carries enormous scientific value. Its bright surface suggests it could be a solid monolithic rock, though it might also be a loosely bound rubble pile. Understanding such objects is crucial, not just for planetary science but also for planetary defence. Asteroids of similar size have struck Earth before, such as the Chelyabinsk event in 2013, which caused widespread damage and injuries. As Santana-Ros explained, “We have never seen a 10-metre-size asteroid in situ, so we don't really know what to expect and how it will look.” This mission could therefore provide vital insights into how small asteroids are structured and how they behave in space. Hayabusa2’s work at KY26 will also inform future missions involving asteroid mining and strategies to mitigate potential threats to Earth. The Hayabusa2 mission is now poised to make history once again, this time by attempting to characterise the smallest asteroid ever targeted by a spacecraft. While the new findings make the mission more complex, they also promise to expand humanity’s understanding of small near-Earth objects.

Initially thought to be about 30 metres wide and rotating once every 10 minutes, KY26 has now been found to measure just 11 metres across and spins once every five minutes.&nbsp;

Asteroid KY26 smaller and faster than expected, new challenge for Japan’s Hayabusa2

From Earth observation, lunar landers, to Mars missions, the world's leading space research agencies, NASA, ISRO, ESA, and private companies are gearing up for an ambitious and action-packed space exploration. Here are the top 10 space projects to expect in 2025 and beyond.

From NASA to ISRO: Who’s exploring what? Here are the top 10 space missions of 2025 and beyond

Japan's Hayabusa2 encounters technical glitch en route to another asteroid: What’s next?

Hayabusa2 Enters Safe Mode in Deep Space Japan's

What Happened?

A Decade of Space Travel

What’s Next for Hayabusa2?

A New Mission in the Works

Why Hayabusa2 Matters

A Pause, Not the End

Hayabusa2 spacecraft has gone into protective safe mode after detecting an abnormality during its journey through space. The probe had been on a mission to reach another asteroid, after successfully returning Ryugu samples to Earth in 2020.

Japan developed a first-of-its-kind wooden satellite, LingoSat, which has been launched into space as part of a study on using timber to help reduce the creation of space junk.

A team of scientists at Kyoto University developed the satellite to burn up when it re-enters the atmosphere, which could potentially provide a way to avoid the generation of metal particles.

The LingoSat weighs just 900g and was launched aboard a SpaceX mission recently.&nbsp;

The satellite, installed in a special container prepared by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, “flew into space safely”, Kyoto University’s Human Spaceology Center said on Tuesday.

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Once it reaches its destination, the wooden satellite will be deployed into orbit around Earth, where it will spend six months testing the durability of timber in the harsh conditions of space.&nbsp;

The satellite’s wooden panels are made from magnolia wood, which is a traditional Japanese method that avoids using screws and glue.

Researchers at the Kyoto University believe wood could one day replace certain metals in space technology, with potential applications for building colonies on the Moon or Mars.

Watch |&nbsp;Japan &amp; NASA to launch world's first wooden satellite

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But why wood? Well, unlike on Earth, wood is expected to endure space conditions well, as the absence of water and oxygen removes risks of rotting or combustion, noted Professor Koji Murata from Kyoto University.

However, the concept of using wood in space is not entirely new. Dr Simeon Barber from the Open University in the UK pointed out that wood, like cork, has already been used on spacecraft as a heat-resistant material during re-entry.&nbsp;

The Soviet Union, for example, utilised cork to help lunar rovers grip the surface.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-voyager-1-re-establishes-contact-using-1981-radio-transmitter-772687">NASA’s Voyager 1 re-establishes contact using 1981 radio transmitter</a>

But Dr Barber remains sceptical that wood will solve the space junk problem, arguing that even though wood ay reduce metal contaminants, more material might need to be carried in the first place to ensure it burns up entirely on the re-entry.

Japan’s mission is just a step towards understanding the possibilities of wood in space technology, which is a sustainable option than metal

“Satellites that are not made of metal should become mainstream,” Takao Doi, an astronaut and special professor at Kyoto University, said at a press conference earlier this year.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan developed a first-of-its-kind wooden satellite, LingoSat, which has been launched into space as part of a study on using timber to help reduce the creation of space junk.

Japan developed a first-of-its-kind wooden satellite, LingoSat, which has been launched into space as part of a study on using timber to help reduce the creation of space junk. A team of scientists at Kyoto University developed the satellite to burn up when it re-enters the atmosphere, which could potentially provide a way to avoid the generation of metal particles. The LingoSat weighs just 900g and was launched aboard a SpaceX mission recently. The satellite, installed in a special container prepared by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, “flew into space safely”, Kyoto University’s Human Spaceology Center said on Tuesday. Also Read | Riding the AI wave Nvidia overtakes Apple as the world’s largest company Once it reaches its destination, the wooden satellite will be deployed into orbit around Earth, where it will spend six months testing the durability of timber in the harsh conditions of space. The satellite’s wooden panels are made from magnolia wood, which is a traditional Japanese method that avoids using screws and glue. Researchers at the Kyoto University believe wood could one day replace certain metals in space technology, with potential applications for building colonies on the Moon or Mars. Watch | Japan & NASA to launch world's first wooden satellite × But why wood? Well, unlike on Earth, wood is expected to endure space conditions well, as the absence of water and oxygen removes risks of rotting or combustion, noted Professor Koji Murata from Kyoto University. However, the concept of using wood in space is not entirely new. Dr Simeon Barber from the Open University in the UK pointed out that wood, like cork, has already been used on spacecraft as a heat-resistant material during re-entry. The Soviet Union, for example, utilised cork to help lunar rovers grip the surface. Also Read | NASA’s Voyager 1 re-establishes contact using 1981 radio transmitter But Dr Barber remains sceptical that wood will solve the space junk problem, arguing that even though wood ay reduce metal contaminants, more material might need to be carried in the first place to ensure it burns up entirely on the re-entry. Japan’s mission is just a step towards understanding the possibilities of wood in space technology, which is a sustainable option than metal “Satellites that are not made of metal should become mainstream,” Takao Doi, an astronaut and special professor at Kyoto University, said at a press conference earlier this year. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan launches world's first wooden satellite to test wood's suitability for building space material

Japanese space agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on Monday (Aug 26) announced that it has ended its Moon lander operation. The decision as per reports was taken after the space agency lost communication with the uncrewed spaceship last week.

<h2 bis_size="{&quot;x&quot;:7,&quot;y&quot;:84,&quot;w&quot;:813,&quot;h&quot;:25,&quot;abs_x&quot;:40,&quot;abs_y&quot;:1773}">No prospect of restoring communication</h2>

Taking to social media platform X, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) wrote that there was no response from The Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM). The agency tried to communicate with SLIM last week after three frigid lunar nights or six cold weeks — in Earth time.

"We judged that there was no prospect of restoring communication with SLIM, and at around 22:40 (1340 GMT) on August 23, we sent a command to stop the SLIM activity," said the space agency.

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Nearly a year after launching the operation, it said that "SLIM continued to transmit information on its status and the surrounding environment for a much longer period than expected."&nbsp;

"At the time of launch, no one imagined that the operation would continue this long," it added.

<h2 bis_size="{&quot;x&quot;:7,&quot;y&quot;:360,&quot;w&quot;:813,&quot;h&quot;:25,&quot;abs_x&quot;:40,&quot;abs_y&quot;:2049}">Moon Sniper</h2>

Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) or the "Moon Sniper" as it has been nicknamed for its landing precision, touched down on the lunar surface eight months ago.&nbsp;

With the touchdown in January, Japan became only the fifth nation to achieve a soft landing on the moon. However, SLIM landed on the lunar surface at a wonky angle, due to which its solar panels were left facing the wrong way.

Once the sun's angle shifted, the SLIM lander came back to life for two days. At that time, it carried out scientific observations of the lunar crater with a high-spec camera.

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Even though it was not designed to withstand the frigid, two-week-long lunar nights where the temperature plunges to minus 133 degrees, it woke up for a third time in April.

The SLIM mission sought to examine a part of the Moon's mantle — the deep inner layer beneath the satellite's crust. As per estimates, it was accessible through the crater where SLIM landed. The Japanese spacecraft carried out two probes — one with a transmitter and a mini-rover that, as per AFP, moves in a similar manner as a turtle. Moving around the lunar surface, it beamed images back to Earth.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japanese space agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on Monday (Aug 26) announced that it has ended its Moon lander operation. The decision as per reports was taken after the space agency lost communication with the uncrewed spaceship last week.

Japanese space agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) on Monday (Aug 26) announced that it has ended its Moon lander operation. The decision as per reports was taken after the space agency lost communication with the uncrewed spaceship last week. No prospect of restoring communication Taking to social media platform X, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) wrote that there was no response from The Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM). The agency tried to communicate with SLIM last week after three frigid lunar nights or six cold weeks — in Earth time. "We judged that there was no prospect of restoring communication with SLIM, and at around 22:40 (1340 GMT) on August 23, we sent a command to stop the SLIM activity," said the space agency. Also read | Aliens may be exploiting miniature black hole 'moons' for energy: Study Nearly a year after launching the operation, it said that "SLIM continued to transmit information on its status and the surrounding environment for a much longer period than expected." "At the time of launch, no one imagined that the operation would continue this long," it added. Moon Sniper Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) or the "Moon Sniper" as it has been nicknamed for its landing precision, touched down on the lunar surface eight months ago. With the touchdown in January, Japan became only the fifth nation to achieve a soft landing on the moon. However, SLIM landed on the lunar surface at a wonky angle, due to which its solar panels were left facing the wrong way. Once the sun's angle shifted, the SLIM lander came back to life for two days. At that time, it carried out scientific observations of the lunar crater with a high-spec camera. Also read | NASA astronaut captures mesmerising scene of moon setting above the Pacific Even though it was not designed to withstand the frigid, two-week-long lunar nights where the temperature plunges to minus 133 degrees, it woke up for a third time in April. The SLIM mission sought to examine a part of the Moon's mantle — the deep inner layer beneath the satellite's crust. As per estimates, it was accessible through the crater where SLIM landed. The Japanese spacecraft carried out two probes — one with a transmitter and a mini-rover that, as per AFP, moves in a similar manner as a turtle. Moving around the lunar surface, it beamed images back to Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan's SLIM takes the final bow, lunar mission shut down after lost communication

Space junk is quietly littering the universe above us, and a Japanese company Astroscale is on a mission to identify and remove them. Now, it has taken stunning close-ups and timelapse of an 11-metre long, 15-year-old rocket part that's quietly moving above the earth. Astrolscale plans to remove such debris in the coming years.

The spacecraft ADRAS-J, which stands for Active Debris Removal by Astroscale-Japan, had released photos of the 3-tonne rocket stage. It is suspended in microgravity and orbiting the earth.

According to the company, ADRAS-J is "the world's first attempt to safely approach, characterise and survey the state of an existing piece of large debris through Rendezvous and Proximity Operations."

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Sometimes, you need to look at space debris from a different perspective.<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ShowtheWayADRASJ?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ShowtheWayADRASJ</a> <a href="https://t.co/XSFG2PUgOC">pic.twitter.com/XSFG2PUgOC</a>
— Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) <a href="https://twitter.com/astroscale_HQ/status/1818904504282366160?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 1, 2024</a></blockquote>
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Watch:&nbsp;Mercury's Diamonds: What lies beneath the planet's crust?&nbsp;

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The controlled fly-around operations of the space debris captured the rocket debris from various angles and lighting conditions, the company said in a release.

It hopes that the timelapse taken by its cameras will "lay the groundwork for future removal and a sustainable space environment."

The rocket part being monitored is from Japan, nearly 11 metres in length and four metres in diameter, and weighs nearly three tonnes, the size of a city bus.

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A timelapse of space debris a day keeps the wonders of ADRAS-J on display. 🛰️🔍<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ShowtheWayADRASJ?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ShowtheWayADRASJ</a> <a href="https://t.co/XX7lfUbAU8">pic.twitter.com/XX7lfUbAU8</a>
— Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) <a href="https://twitter.com/astroscale_HQ/status/1818447111253315825?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">July 31, 2024</a></blockquote>
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"The information gained from these images will provide essential data that will support a future mission to capture and remove the object," Astroscale said in the release on July 30.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/jupiter-is-set-to-align-with-mars-in-rare-conjunction-heres-how-you-can-watch-it-746261">Also read |&nbsp;Jupiter is set to align with Mars in rare conjunction. Here's how you can watch it</a>

Launched in February this year, the ADRAS-J spacecraft was selected by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency for Phase I of its Commercial Debris Removal Demonstration or CRD2 programme.

CDR2 is an initiative by Japanese space agency JAXA which aims to develop debris removal technologies.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Space junk is quietly littering the universe above us, and a Japanese company Astroscale is on a mission to identify and remove them. Now, it has taken stunning close-ups and timelapse of an 11-metre long, 15-year-old rocket part that's quietly moving above the earth.

Space junk is quietly littering the universe above us, and a Japanese company Astroscale is on a mission to identify and remove them. Now, it has taken stunning close-ups and timelapse of an 11-metre long, 15-year-old rocket part that's quietly moving above the earth. Astrolscale plans to remove such debris in the coming years. The spacecraft ADRAS-J, which stands for Active Debris Removal by Astroscale-Japan, had released photos of the 3-tonne rocket stage. It is suspended in microgravity and orbiting the earth. According to the company, ADRAS-J is "the world's first attempt to safely approach, characterise and survey the state of an existing piece of large debris through Rendezvous and Proximity Operations." Sometimes, you need to look at space debris from a different perspective.#ShowtheWayADRASJ pic.twitter.com/XSFG2PUgOC — Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) August 1, 2024 × Watch: Mercury's Diamonds: What lies beneath the planet's crust? The controlled fly-around operations of the space debris captured the rocket debris from various angles and lighting conditions, the company said in a release. It hopes that the timelapse taken by its cameras will "lay the groundwork for future removal and a sustainable space environment." The rocket part being monitored is from Japan, nearly 11 metres in length and four metres in diameter, and weighs nearly three tonnes, the size of a city bus. A timelapse of space debris a day keeps the wonders of ADRAS-J on display. 🛰️🔍#ShowtheWayADRASJ pic.twitter.com/XX7lfUbAU8 — Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) July 31, 2024 × "The information gained from these images will provide essential data that will support a future mission to capture and remove the object," Astroscale said in the release on July 30. Also read | Jupiter is set to align with Mars in rare conjunction. Here's how you can watch it Launched in February this year, the ADRAS-J spacecraft was selected by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency for Phase I of its Commercial Debris Removal Demonstration or CRD2 programme. CDR2 is an initiative by Japanese space agency JAXA which aims to develop debris removal technologies. (With inputs from agencies)

Stunning close-up timelapse of bus-sized rocket part captured by space debris monitor: Watch

Japan has lost contact with humanity's only active probe on the planet Venus, called Akatsuki or 'Dawn'.&nbsp;

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) mission account for Akatsuki on Wednesday (May 29) took to X to announce that the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) lost contact with the spacecraft after an operation in late April.&nbsp;

ISAS "lost contact with Akatsuki after an operation in late April due to an extended period of low attitude stability control mode, and is currently making efforts to reestablish communication with the spacecraft," it said.

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Efforts, it said, are currently underway to reestablish contact with Akatsuki. This, as per space.com requires maintaining a stable orientation to point its antenna towards Earth.

<h2>What happens next?</h2>

A subsequent post from the Akatsuki team expressed gratitude for the public's support and promised updates on future plans once they are determined.

"We will inform you about future plans once they are fixed. Thank you for your warm support," it said.

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[From the Akatsuki team](2/2) 
We will inform you about future plans once they are fixed. Thank you for your warm support.
— 「あかつき」チーム (@Akatsuki_JAXA) <a href="https://twitter.com/Akatsuki_JAXA/status/1795713278997586344?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 29, 2024</a></blockquote>
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<h2>The Akatsuki probe</h2>

Akatsuki, which translates to "dawn" in Japanese, as per the report, has already surpassed its primary mission objectives. The spacecraft began its extended operational phase in 2018.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/mysterious-hole-appears-on-surface-of-mars-whats-hiding-in-there-aliens-727237">Mysterious hole appears on surface of Mars. What's hiding in there? Aliens?</a>

Even if attempts to rescue Akatsuki fail, the mission has already significantly contributed to humanity's understanding of Venus' climate and atmospheric dynamics. It has also demonstrated the problem-solving capabilities of JAXA engineers.

In any case, even if Akatsuki is deemed irretrievable, the planet Venus will not remain unobserved for long.&nbsp;

Curiosity over Earth's sister planet's extreme greenhouse effect — which makes it the hottest planet in the solar system — and the intriguing potential biomarkers detected in its atmosphere, have sparked renewed scientific interest.&nbsp;

Already, NASA, the European Space Agency, India, and a private venture have announced future missions to explore Venus and continuing the quest to unravel its mysteries later in the decade.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan has lost contact with humanity's only active probe on the planet Venus, called Akatsuki or 'Dawn'. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) mission account for Akatsuki on Wednesday (May 29) took to X to announce that the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) lost contact with the spacecraft after an operation in late April.

Japan has lost contact with humanity's only active probe on the planet Venus, called Akatsuki or 'Dawn'. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) mission account for Akatsuki on Wednesday (May 29) took to X to announce that the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) lost contact with the spacecraft after an operation in late April. ISAS "lost contact with Akatsuki after an operation in late April due to an extended period of low attitude stability control mode, and is currently making efforts to reestablish communication with the spacecraft," it said. Also read | Your child's 'goo-goo-ga-ga' is not nonsense babble, but serves THIS purpose Efforts, it said, are currently underway to reestablish contact with Akatsuki. This, as per space.com requires maintaining a stable orientation to point its antenna towards Earth. What happens next? A subsequent post from the Akatsuki team expressed gratitude for the public's support and promised updates on future plans once they are determined. "We will inform you about future plans once they are fixed. Thank you for your warm support," it said. [From the Akatsuki team](2/2) We will inform you about future plans once they are fixed. Thank you for your warm support. — 「あかつき」チーム (@Akatsuki_JAXA) May 29, 2024 × The Akatsuki probe Akatsuki, which translates to "dawn" in Japanese, as per the report, has already surpassed its primary mission objectives. The spacecraft began its extended operational phase in 2018. Also read | Mysterious hole appears on surface of Mars. What's hiding in there? Aliens? Even if attempts to rescue Akatsuki fail, the mission has already significantly contributed to humanity's understanding of Venus' climate and atmospheric dynamics. It has also demonstrated the problem-solving capabilities of JAXA engineers. In any case, even if Akatsuki is deemed irretrievable, the planet Venus will not remain unobserved for long. Curiosity over Earth's sister planet's extreme greenhouse effect — which makes it the hottest planet in the solar system — and the intriguing potential biomarkers detected in its atmosphere, have sparked renewed scientific interest. Already, NASA, the European Space Agency, India, and a private venture have announced future missions to explore Venus and continuing the quest to unravel its mysteries later in the decade. (With inputs from agencies)

Humanity's only Venus mission in turmoil: Japan's Akatsuki probe vanishes on alien planet

For the first time, a satellite has captured a close-up photo of an individual piece of human-made space debris. AstroScale, a privately owned Japanese space company, released the photo of the space debris by parking another satellite next to its orbit.

The first-of-its-kind photo op in space is a step towards the ongoing mission to inspect and destroy potentially hazardous pieces of space junk, the ADRAS-J mission. ADRAS-J or Active Debris Removal mission was launched by AstroScale with the help of JAXA in 2009.&nbsp;

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📢 NEWS: Pics or it didn't happen. Behold, the world’s first image of space debris captured through rendezvous and proximity operations during our ADRAS-J mission. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/ShowtheWayADRASJ?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#ShowtheWayADRASJ</a><a href="https://t.co/amnv7UIQka">https://t.co/amnv7UIQka</a> <a href="https://t.co/CKalYTpTuJ">pic.twitter.com/CKalYTpTuJ</a>
— Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) <a href="https://twitter.com/astroscale_HQ/status/1783756807095324965?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 26, 2024</a></blockquote>
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<h2>Space debris: A menace and challenge for space industry&nbsp;</h2>

According to estimates from the European Space Agency (ESA), there are approximately one million fragments of debris larger than a centimetre&nbsp;in orbit. These sizable debris pieces, capable of “disabling a spacecraft,” present a significant threat to present and future space missions. The space industry is now trying to find ways to remove it.

At present, there are more than 9,900 tonnes of space junk clogging up the Earth’s orbit. All these tiny pieces of space junk hanging out in orbit are like a minefield for newly launched satellites and spacecraft.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/us-to-use-ai-to-teach-immigration-officers-how-to-deal-with-refugees-empathetically-719177">What a turn of events! Apparently, AI will teach US immigration officers a basic human emotion</a>

Even a small piece of debris can teak a hole through a spacecraft with enough momentum to manoeuvre away. It can even pose a threat to people on the ground when it falls back from orbit.&nbsp;

What’s more concerning is the fact the longer the space debris stays in orbit, the more it multiplies. Collisions between defunct satellites or parts of rockets can break larger debris into smaller pieces, making the resulting fragments harder to track and increasing their chances of hitting an active satellite.

AstroScale’s mission is to clean up some of the floating garbage before it can cause any damage to functioning spacecraft.

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&nbsp;In mid-April, the Astroscale successfully identified, approached and photographed a large piece of orbital debris, the upper stage of a Japanese H-IIA rocket that has been circling Earth since 2009. The demonstration was meant to test the spacecraft's ability to manoeuvre close enough to a piece of space junk to capture it, without crashing into it. The mission was a huge success, setting the stage for future removal missions.&nbsp;

The company is currently planning the second phase of the mission, which aims to remove a piece of debris, using a robotic arm attached to the craft to push the debris into a fiery descent through Earth's atmosphere.

(With inputs from agencies)

For the first time, a satellite has captured a close-up photo of an individual piece of human-made space debris. AstroScale, a privately owned Japanese space company, released the photo of the space debris by parking another satellite next to its orbit.

For the first time, a satellite has captured a close-up photo of an individual piece of human-made space debris. AstroScale, a privately owned Japanese space company, released the photo of the space debris by parking another satellite next to its orbit. The first-of-its-kind photo op in space is a step towards the ongoing mission to inspect and destroy potentially hazardous pieces of space junk, the ADRAS-J mission. ADRAS-J or Active Debris Removal mission was launched by AstroScale with the help of JAXA in 2009. 📢 NEWS: Pics or it didn't happen. Behold, the world’s first image of space debris captured through rendezvous and proximity operations during our ADRAS-J mission. #ShowtheWayADRASJhttps://t.co/amnv7UIQka pic.twitter.com/CKalYTpTuJ — Astroscale (@astroscale_HQ) April 26, 2024 × Space debris: A menace and challenge for space industry According to estimates from the European Space Agency (ESA), there are approximately one million fragments of debris larger than a centimetre in orbit. These sizable debris pieces, capable of “disabling a spacecraft,” present a significant threat to present and future space missions. The space industry is now trying to find ways to remove it. At present, there are more than 9,900 tonnes of space junk clogging up the Earth’s orbit. All these tiny pieces of space junk hanging out in orbit are like a minefield for newly launched satellites and spacecraft. Also Read | What a turn of events! Apparently, AI will teach US immigration officers a basic human emotion Even a small piece of debris can teak a hole through a spacecraft with enough momentum to manoeuvre away. It can even pose a threat to people on the ground when it falls back from orbit. What’s more concerning is the fact the longer the space debris stays in orbit, the more it multiplies. Collisions between defunct satellites or parts of rockets can break larger debris into smaller pieces, making the resulting fragments harder to track and increasing their chances of hitting an active satellite. AstroScale’s mission is to clean up some of the floating garbage before it can cause any damage to functioning spacecraft. Also Read | Boeing Starliner's 1st crewed mission will now launch no sooner than THIS date In mid-April, the Astroscale successfully identified, approached and photographed a large piece of orbital debris, the upper stage of a Japanese H-IIA rocket that has been circling Earth since 2009. The demonstration was meant to test the spacecraft's ability to manoeuvre close enough to a piece of space junk to capture it, without crashing into it. The mission was a huge success, setting the stage for future removal missions. The company is currently planning the second phase of the mission, which aims to remove a piece of debris, using a robotic arm attached to the craft to push the debris into a fiery descent through Earth's atmosphere. (With inputs from agencies)

Historic image! Japanese space company unveils world’s first close-up image of space debris

Japan has successfully launched a spacecraft designed to inspect and potentially remove man-made space debris from around the Earth, said a statement from Astroscale Japan on Monday. 
 
The Active Debris Removal has been launched by Astroscale-Japan (ADRAS-J). As per an AFP news agency report, it will rendezvous with and examine a Japanese H2A rocket remnant that has been in space for 15 years. The H2A rocket body, about the size of a bus, was launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in 2009. Its precise location and orbital position are not known.

Also read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-debris-cloud-has-been-growing-in-a-distant-star-system-due-to-a-massive-collision-between-two-exoplanets-691648">Debris cloud growing in a distant star system after massive collision between two exoplanets</a>

<h2>Debris removal</h2>

Launched from New Zealand, the ADRAS-J spacecraft has already made contact and is ready to begin operations, said project manager Eijiro Atarashi in a statement.

Using observation data from Earth, the estimated location of the H2A rocket body will be determined, and ADRAS-J will approach it "from a safe distance" to gather images and assess its condition and movements.

Selected by JAXA for its debris removal programme, ADRAS-J, as per Astroscale is the first spacecraft of its kind, which aims to remove large debris of Japanese origin in collaboration with private companies.

<h2>Space debris</h2>

As per the European Space Agency (ESA) estimates, there are around one million pieces of debris larger than a centimetre in orbit. These pieces of debris, which are big enough to "disable a spacecraft" pose a big threat.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/japan-successfully-launches-new-h3-rocket-following-setback-last-year-691091">Japan successfully launches new H3 rocket following setback last year</a>

The build-up of space debris, including used satellites and rocket parts, has been a growing concern since the space age began. Proposed solutions include using lasers to push debris into new orbits and Astroscale's space "tow-truck," which employs a magnet to collect and move out-of-service satellites.

The ADRAS-J mission follows Japan's successful launch of its new flagship H3 rocket on Saturday, after years of delays and previous failed attempts. Additionally, Japan achieved a successful, albeit slightly off-kilter, unmanned probe landing on the Moon last month, making it the fifth country to accomplish a "soft" lunar landing.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan has successfully launched a spacecraft designed to inspect and potentially remove man-made space debris from around the Earth, said a statement from Astroscale Japan on Monday.

Japan has successfully launched a spacecraft designed to inspect and potentially remove man-made space debris from around the Earth, said a statement from Astroscale Japan on Monday. The Active Debris Removal has been launched by Astroscale-Japan (ADRAS-J). As per an AFP news agency report, it will rendezvous with and examine a Japanese H2A rocket remnant that has been in space for 15 years. The H2A rocket body, about the size of a bus, was launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in 2009. Its precise location and orbital position are not known. Also read | Debris cloud growing in a distant star system after massive collision between two exoplanets Debris removal Launched from New Zealand, the ADRAS-J spacecraft has already made contact and is ready to begin operations, said project manager Eijiro Atarashi in a statement. Using observation data from Earth, the estimated location of the H2A rocket body will be determined, and ADRAS-J will approach it "from a safe distance" to gather images and assess its condition and movements. Selected by JAXA for its debris removal programme, ADRAS-J, as per Astroscale is the first spacecraft of its kind, which aims to remove large debris of Japanese origin in collaboration with private companies. Space debris As per the European Space Agency (ESA) estimates, there are around one million pieces of debris larger than a centimetre in orbit. These pieces of debris, which are big enough to "disable a spacecraft" pose a big threat. Also read | Japan successfully launches new H3 rocket following setback last year The build-up of space debris, including used satellites and rocket parts, has been a growing concern since the space age began. Proposed solutions include using lasers to push debris into new orbits and Astroscale's space "tow-truck," which employs a magnet to collect and move out-of-service satellites. The ADRAS-J mission follows Japan's successful launch of its new flagship H3 rocket on Saturday, after years of delays and previous failed attempts. Additionally, Japan achieved a successful, albeit slightly off-kilter, unmanned probe landing on the Moon last month, making it the fifth country to accomplish a "soft" lunar landing. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan launches debris removal spacecraft to tackle space junk

The moon has been a thing of fascination for humanity for thousands of years. It's not exactly easy to ignore the brightest object in the night sky. As human ideas and later scientific understanding evolved, there were theories about the exact origin of the Moon. Some of them say that the Moon formed from Earth when it collided with another planet millions of years ago. Other theories suggest that the Moon was an independent celestial body which was later drawn into Earth's gravitational field and became its satellite. Now Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is hoping to have some clues.

JAXA's Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) lander is on the lunar surface right now and carrying out important scientific observations. The Associated Press (AP) quoted JAXA's Shinichiro Sakai who said that SLIM has been using its multi-band spectral camera to study the composition of rocks on the lunar surface.

Japan became the fifth nation to land on the lunar surface with a precision landing of SLIM on January 22. The mission experienced last minute hiccup as the lander landed the wrong side up due to a last-minute failure. After the initial period during which the lander was not generating power, it finally did and began functioning.

Watch | Alaskapox: The new killer virus claims its first victim

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"For four days, the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, or SLIM — which landed on the moon last month — has used its multi-band spectral camera to study rock composition, and worked on examining lunar rocks," said Shinichiro Sakai.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/an-asteroid-hit-ended-dinosaurs-reign-but-did-it-really-help-birds-690359">An asteroid hit ended Dinosaurs' reign. But did it really help birds?</a>

“We are hoping that the rock analysis will lead us to the origin of the moon,” Sakai said. By comparing the mineral compositions of moon rocks and those of Earth, they could find out if the rocks have common elements," he added.

Currently, SLIM is 'hibernating' in the lunar night. It will last till late February. The lander is likely to be activated once sunlight reaches the region where it&nbsp;landed. But it has the challenge of surviving ultra-low temperatures of the lunar night till then.

(With inputs from agencies)

The moon has been a thing of fascination for humanity for thousands of years. It's not exactly easy to ignore the brightest object in the night sky. As human ideas and later scientific understanding evolved, there were theories about the exact origin of the Moon.

The moon has been a thing of fascination for humanity for thousands of years. It's not exactly easy to ignore the brightest object in the night sky. As human ideas and later scientific understanding evolved, there were theories about the exact origin of the Moon. Some of them say that the Moon formed from Earth when it collided with another planet millions of years ago. Other theories suggest that the Moon was an independent celestial body which was later drawn into Earth's gravitational field and became its satellite. Now Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is hoping to have some clues. JAXA's Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) lander is on the lunar surface right now and carrying out important scientific observations. The Associated Press (AP) quoted JAXA's Shinichiro Sakai who said that SLIM has been using its multi-band spectral camera to study the composition of rocks on the lunar surface. Japan became the fifth nation to land on the lunar surface with a precision landing of SLIM on January 22. The mission experienced last minute hiccup as the lander landed the wrong side up due to a last-minute failure. After the initial period during which the lander was not generating power, it finally did and began functioning. Watch | Alaskapox: The new killer virus claims its first victim × "For four days, the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, or SLIM — which landed on the moon last month — has used its multi-band spectral camera to study rock composition, and worked on examining lunar rocks," said Shinichiro Sakai. Also Read | An asteroid hit ended Dinosaurs' reign. But did it really help birds? “We are hoping that the rock analysis will lead us to the origin of the moon,” Sakai said. By comparing the mineral compositions of moon rocks and those of Earth, they could find out if the rocks have common elements," he added. Currently, SLIM is 'hibernating' in the lunar night. It will last till late February. The lander is likely to be activated once sunlight reaches the region where it landed. But it has the challenge of surviving ultra-low temperatures of the lunar night till then. (With inputs from agencies)

JAXA's SLIM mission may have clues on Moon's origins

Japan Aerospace Exploration Company (JAXA) has unveiled the first image of its lunar lander on the moon's surface, which showed that the lander had an unusual upside-down landing. The spacecraft encountered a setback with an "abnormality in the main engine" when it was merely 50 metres above the lunar surface. Subsequently, an unexpected change in landing orientation occurred, JAXA said in an update on Thursday (Jan 25).

<h2>Japan's Moon landing still a distinct achievement</h2>

Despite the anomaly affecting the spacecraft's ability to charge its solar panels due to misalignment with the sun, Japan has become the fifth nation to successfully execute a soft landing on the moon.&nbsp;

The onboard software of the SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) mission continued to autonomously guide the descent autonomously, resulting in a landing speed below the design range at around 1.4 metres per second.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/an-unprecedented-pinpoint-landing-japan-says-its-moon-landing-was-within-100-metres-of-target-683429">An 'unprecedented' pinpoint landing: Japan says its Moon landing was within 100 metres of target</a>

The lander, however, ended up just 55 metres east of the original target landing site.&nbsp;

JAXA officials declared the primary objective of demonstrating pinpoint landing technology within a 100-metre accuracy range as a success.

Earlier in the week, JAXA announced the planned powerdown of the spacecraft on the lunar surface to prevent the over-discharge of batteries connected to the misaligned solar cells.&nbsp;

The agency now awaits a change in the sun's direction, anticipating the potential for power generation once the solar cells are properly oriented.

Also watch |&nbsp;Japan's 'Moon Sniper' achieves historic lunar landing

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Accompanying the lander were two rovers, with the Lunar Exploration Vehicle-2, or SORA-Q, responsible for capturing the first image.&nbsp;

The rovers were deployed following the lunar touchdown.&nbsp;

JAXA officials are actively investigating the cause of the main engine malfunction and promise updates as the investigation progresses. A crucial juncture in the mission's recovery will occur in approximately one week when the sun's beams shift westward towards the lander's solar cells.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan Aerospace Exploration Company (JAXA) has unveiled the first image of its lunar lander on the moon's surface, which showed that the lander had an unusual upside-down landing.

Japan Aerospace Exploration Company (JAXA) has unveiled the first image of its lunar lander on the moon's surface, which showed that the lander had an unusual upside-down landing. The spacecraft encountered a setback with an "abnormality in the main engine" when it was merely 50 metres above the lunar surface. Subsequently, an unexpected change in landing orientation occurred, JAXA said in an update on Thursday (Jan 25). Japan's Moon landing still a distinct achievement Despite the anomaly affecting the spacecraft's ability to charge its solar panels due to misalignment with the sun, Japan has become the fifth nation to successfully execute a soft landing on the moon. The onboard software of the SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) mission continued to autonomously guide the descent autonomously, resulting in a landing speed below the design range at around 1.4 metres per second. Also read | An 'unprecedented' pinpoint landing: Japan says its Moon landing was within 100 metres of target The lander, however, ended up just 55 metres east of the original target landing site. JAXA officials declared the primary objective of demonstrating pinpoint landing technology within a 100-metre accuracy range as a success. Earlier in the week, JAXA announced the planned powerdown of the spacecraft on the lunar surface to prevent the over-discharge of batteries connected to the misaligned solar cells. The agency now awaits a change in the sun's direction, anticipating the potential for power generation once the solar cells are properly oriented. Also watch | Japan's 'Moon Sniper' achieves historic lunar landing × Accompanying the lander were two rovers, with the Lunar Exploration Vehicle-2, or SORA-Q, responsible for capturing the first image. The rovers were deployed following the lunar touchdown. JAXA officials are actively investigating the cause of the main engine malfunction and promise updates as the investigation progresses. A crucial juncture in the mission's recovery will occur in approximately one week when the sun's beams shift westward towards the lander's solar cells. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan's successful Moon landing was 'upside down', quite literally

Japan's 'Moon Sniper' craft, also known as the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM), successfully executed a "soft landing" on the lunar surface on Friday (Jan 19). The Vice President of the Japanese space agency, Jaxa says, "Jaxa worked with toymaker, Sony, Academia to make moon rover." Watch to know more!

Japan's lunar landing: 'Toy robot can communicate with Earth,' says Jaxa VP

Japan made history on Friday by becoming only the the fifth nation to land a spacecraft on the Moon. The Vice President of the Japanese space agency, Jaxa says, "Very happy at the successful landing at Jaxa Slim".

Japan's historic lunar landing: Jaxa's Vice President Ishii Yasua on WION

JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) is just a day away from its historic 'Moon Sniper' landing on the lunar surface. The Japanese space agency is using pinpoint technology for its landing and all eyes are on it after recent string of failures of other lunar missions. Japan is hoping for the success of its Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) mission. If the mission succeeds, Japan will be the fifth nation to achieve a soft landing on the Moon, a very tricky affair to start with.

Before this, only the United States, Russia, China and India have been successful.

Soft landing on the Moon may be tricky but the Japanese space agency has taken efforts for success of its mission. The spacecraft is equipped with a rolling robot which lends unprecedented precision to the landing attempt.

<h2>When will JAXA land on the Moon?</h2>

The descent of the SLIM craft will begin its descent is slated to start on midnight on Saturday (8:30 pm IST on Friday). If all goes well, the touchdown will take place 20 minutes after that.

<h2>What's different about JAXA Moon landing?</h2>

Unlike other missions, which target a large area of the lunar surface, JAXA is targetting 100 metres. This is far less than the usual targets of several kilometres in previous missions.

Watch | Why is NASA pushing back Moon mission timelines?

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JAXA is keen to taste success after two failed lunar missions and a recent rocket failures including explosions after lift-off.

SLIM is aiming to land in crater on the Moon where the Moon's Mantle is estimated to be accessible from its surface. Mantle is th deep inner layer beneath the crust of the lunar surface.

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"The rocks exposed here are crucial in the search for the origins of the Moon and the Earth," Tomokatsu Morota, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo specialising in lunar and planetary exploration, told AFP.

Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/mars-rock-resembling-iconic-star-trek-symbol-snapped-by-nasas-curiosity-rover-680856">Mars rock resembling iconic Star Trek symbol snapped by NASA’s Curiosity rover</a>

Japan is not new to pinpoint landings. It has achieved the feat on an asteroid. But doing so on lunar surface presents greater challenges due to relatively strong gravity of the Moon.

(With inputs from agencies)

JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) is just a day away from its historic 'Moon Sniper' landing on the lunar surface. The Japanese space agency is using pinpoint technology for its landing and all eyes are on it after recent string of failures of other lunar missions.

JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) is just a day away from its historic 'Moon Sniper' landing on the lunar surface. The Japanese space agency is using pinpoint technology for its landing and all eyes are on it after recent string of failures of other lunar missions. Japan is hoping for the success of its Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) mission. If the mission succeeds, Japan will be the fifth nation to achieve a soft landing on the Moon, a very tricky affair to start with. Before this, only the United States, Russia, China and India have been successful. Soft landing on the Moon may be tricky but the Japanese space agency has taken efforts for success of its mission. The spacecraft is equipped with a rolling robot which lends unprecedented precision to the landing attempt. When will JAXA land on the Moon? The descent of the SLIM craft will begin its descent is slated to start on midnight on Saturday (8:30 pm IST on Friday). If all goes well, the touchdown will take place 20 minutes after that. What's different about JAXA Moon landing? Unlike other missions, which target a large area of the lunar surface, JAXA is targetting 100 metres. This is far less than the usual targets of several kilometres in previous missions. Watch | Why is NASA pushing back Moon mission timelines? × JAXA is keen to taste success after two failed lunar missions and a recent rocket failures including explosions after lift-off. SLIM is aiming to land in crater on the Moon where the Moon's Mantle is estimated to be accessible from its surface. Mantle is th deep inner layer beneath the crust of the lunar surface. Also Read | Two rare comets will come close to Earth in 2024. Devil Comet is one of them "The rocks exposed here are crucial in the search for the origins of the Moon and the Earth," Tomokatsu Morota, an associate professor at the University of Tokyo specialising in lunar and planetary exploration, told AFP. Also Read | Mars rock resembling iconic Star Trek symbol snapped by NASA’s Curiosity rover Japan is not new to pinpoint landings. It has achieved the feat on an asteroid. But doing so on lunar surface presents greater challenges due to relatively strong gravity of the Moon. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan Moon mission: All eyes on JAXA with 'pinpoint' landing just a day away

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.

Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018.

<h2>In-depth analysis of Ryugu</h2>

Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths.

The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/christmas-constellation-nasa-hubble-telescope-clicks-galaxy-that-appears-in-festive-mood-672132">Also read |&nbsp;Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood</a>

Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h).

Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's.

Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage.

The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance.

Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats.

Also watch |&nbsp;NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space

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Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth.

Japan's Jaxaspace agency is preparing to conduct groundbreaking tests using its Hayabusa2 spacecraft to showcase its ability to intercept and redirect fast-moving asteroids on a potential collision course with Earth. Launched in 2014, Hayabusa2 made history with its dual touchdowns on the asteroid 1999 JU3, also known as Ryugu, situated an impressive 300 million km away from Earth in 2018. In-depth analysis of Ryugu Hayabusa2 spent approximately 18 months meticulously studying Ryugu, employing innovative techniques such as firing pellets onto the asteroid's surface and collecting samples ejected from its depths. The collected samples were securely transported to Earth in a capsule, landing in the Australian Outback in 2020. Scientists continue their rigorous examination of these samples to unravel the asteroid's composition mysteries. Currently, the spacecraft is on an extended mission, scheduled until 2026, with its destination being the asteroid 2001 CC21, positioned over 12 million km away from Earth. Also read | Christmas constellation? NASA's Hubble Telescope clicks galaxy that appears in festive mood Jaxa's future plans for Hayabusa2 involve two significant flyby missions. In 2026, the spacecraft is set to rendezvous with the asteroid 2001 CC21, with both entities hurtling towards each other at an astounding speed of 5 km/s (18,000 km/h). Following this, in 2031, Hayabusa2 is slated for a close encounter with the small, rapidly spinning asteroid 1998 KY26, whose size is comparable to that of a small school bus and whose orbit intersects with Earth's. Jaxa acknowledges the distinctive challenges posed by asteroids like 1998 KY26, characterized by their "small and fast" attributes. The rapid rotation of such asteroids creates a unique physical environment near the surface, where centrifugal force surpasses gravitational pull. Jaxa aims to study this phenomenon as asteroids of this size collide with Earth every 100 to 1,000 years, potentially causing significant damage. The upcoming flyby missions present a considerable challenge as Hayabusa2, initially designed for asteroid rendezvous, must now adapt to observing asteroids at high relative speeds from a distance. Jaxa sees these missions as an opportunity to showcase technology akin to what would be required to collide a spacecraft into an asteroid, potentially altering its orbit. This technological feat aligns with Jaxa's broader objective of contributing to planetary defense efforts against potential asteroid threats. Also watch | NASA streams an ultra-high-definition video of a cat back to Earth from deep space Building on NASA's success with the Dart mission, which demonstrated the kinetic impact method's potential to alter an asteroid's trajectory, Jaxa's upcoming tests add a new layer to the ongoing planetary defense experiments. In addition to kinetic impact, scientists worldwide are exploring alternative methods, including the deployment of nuclear devices on asteroids, to divert them away from potential collision courses with Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

Japan's Jaxaspace agency tests spacecraft to deflect potential earth-colliding asteroid

Japan's space agency was hit by cyberattacks even as hackers failed to access sensitive information about rockets and satellite operations, a spokesperson revealed Wednesday (Nov 29).&nbsp;

“There was a possibility of unauthorised access by exploiting the vulnerability of network equipment,” the spokesperson at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) was quoted as saying by Reuters. However, the official&nbsp;declined&nbsp;to elaborate on details, such as when did the attack take&nbsp;place.

JAXA got to know about the attack after an external organisation conducted an internal audit, as per the spokesperson.

He also declined&nbsp;to identify the organisation's name.

A detailed investigation is going on into the hacking attempt and it was not revealed who could be orchestrating this.

According to Japanese media, the attack took place in the summer. They were informed about the same by the police during autumn.

<h2>The suspect</h2>

Earlier in September this year, Japan, along with the US, had jointly warned global corporations against the China-linked hacker group BlackTech in a cybersecurity advisory.

"BlackTech has demonstrated capabilities in modifying router firmware without detection and exploiting routers’ domain-trust relationships to pivot from international subsidiaries to headquarters in Japan and the United States, which are the primary targets," the statement said.

Watch:&nbsp;China on its way to become Japan of 1990s

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According to Japan's National Police Agency, the China-linked group has been carrying out&nbsp;cyberattacks on governments and tech-sector companies in the United States and East Asia since around 2010.

<h2>Previous breaches blamed on China</h2>

In August, China-backed hackers were held responsible by Japan for a months-long cyberattack campaign, in which&nbsp;Japan’s National Center of Incident Readiness and Strategy for Cybersecurity (NISC) was targeted.&nbsp;

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/china-raises-fukushima-water-issue-in-un-asks-japan-to-stop-629423">Also read:&nbsp;China raises Fukushima water issue in UN, asks Japan to stop discharge</a>

It was revealed that the hackers may have gained access to sensitive data for as much as nine months, from last autumn to June this year.

<h2>Reason</h2>

As Japan deepens its military&nbsp;and strategic ties with the US and other regional allies, it has become a vulnerable target for Chinese hackers.

Government cyber security&nbsp;experts in both the US and the UK have expressed strong reservations about Japan’s ability to safely handle data.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan's space agency was hit by cyberattacks even as hackers failed to access sensitive information about rockets and satellite operations, a spokesperson revealed Wednesday (Nov 29).

Japan's space agency was hit by cyberattacks even as hackers failed to access sensitive information about rockets and satellite operations, a spokesperson revealed Wednesday (Nov 29). “There was a possibility of unauthorised access by exploiting the vulnerability of network equipment,” the spokesperson at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) was quoted as saying by Reuters. However, the official declined to elaborate on details, such as when did the attack take place. JAXA got to know about the attack after an external organisation conducted an internal audit, as per the spokesperson. He also declined to identify the organisation's name. A detailed investigation is going on into the hacking attempt and it was not revealed who could be orchestrating this. According to Japanese media, the attack took place in the summer. They were informed about the same by the police during autumn. The suspect Earlier in September this year, Japan, along with the US, had jointly warned global corporations against the China-linked hacker group BlackTech in a cybersecurity advisory. "BlackTech has demonstrated capabilities in modifying router firmware without detection and exploiting routers’ domain-trust relationships to pivot from international subsidiaries to headquarters in Japan and the United States, which are the primary targets," the statement said. Watch: China on its way to become Japan of 1990s × According to Japan's National Police Agency, the China-linked group has been carrying out cyberattacks on governments and tech-sector companies in the United States and East Asia since around 2010. Previous breaches blamed on China In August, China-backed hackers were held responsible by Japan for a months-long cyberattack campaign, in which Japan’s National Center of Incident Readiness and Strategy for Cybersecurity (NISC) was targeted. Also read: China raises Fukushima water issue in UN, asks Japan to stop discharge It was revealed that the hackers may have gained access to sensitive data for as much as nine months, from last autumn to June this year. Reason As Japan deepens its military and strategic ties with the US and other regional allies, it has become a vulnerable target for Chinese hackers. Government cyber security experts in both the US and the UK have expressed strong reservations about Japan’s ability to safely handle data. (With inputs from agencies)

Japanese space agency JAXA hit by cyberattack amid hacking spree by China

Another lunar mission planned by ISRO and JAXA will take place in the near future. The LUPEX, or Lunar Polar Exploration, mission is scheduled to launch in 2024–2025. The procedure will get even more difficult as LUPEX investigates the permanently dark polar area of the Moon.

India-Japan Space Ties: Lupex to be first-ever joint space mission by the two countries

The Indian and Japanese Space Agencies are working together on a joint lunar exploration mission. In an exclusive interview to WION, Ishii Yasuo, the Vice President of the Japanese Space Agency, Jaxa, shares more details. Watch the video to know more.

India and Japan working on moon mission 'Lupex': Ishii Yasuo, Vice President of Jaxa

Japan has successfully launched a new navigation satellite into orbit that will be replacing the country's decade-old navigation satellite.

According to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, the satellite, QZS-1R, was launched onboard an H-2A rocket from Tanegashima Space Center on Monday night at 10.19 pm.

The QZS-1R satellite will join other satellites that are part of the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, or QZSS, which is Japan's satellite navigation system.&nbsp;It is a replacement for Quasi-Zenith Satellite System 1 satellite which was launched in 2010.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-launches-landsat-9-satellite-to-monitor-earths-surface-416604">NASA launches Landsat 9 satellite to monitor Earth's surface</a>

The company Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) builds and operates H-2A rockets.&nbsp;"It was really beautiful launch," the company said in a tweet after a successful lift-off.

"H-IIA F44 flight proceeded nominally. Approximately 28 minutes 6 seconds after launch, as planned, the payload separated from the launch vehicle," the statement said.

According to the official QZSS website, there are four satellites in the constellation: QZS-1, QZS-2, QZS-3, and QZS-4.

As per JAXA, QZSS constellation will eventually consist of a total of seven satellites in an orbit passing through a near-zenith (or directly overhead) above Japan. QZS-R1 is meant to share nearly the same transmission signals as recent GPS satellites.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/nasa-isro-earth-observation-satellite-launch-on-gslv-mk-ii-by-jan-2023-369143">NASA-ISRO Earth observation satellite launch on GSLV Mk II by Jan 2023</a>

It is specifically designed for mountainous and urban areas in Japan, according to JAXA.

A Mitsubishi rocket launch system has been in use since 2003. Satellites have been launched to Mars (Emirates Mars Mission) and Venus (Akatsuki) using the H-2A 202 rocket launch system.

This is the first launch of the H2-A rocket since Japan launched a relay satellite with laser communications technology into orbit on Nov. 29, 2020.

(With inputs from agencies)

Japan has successfully launched a new navigation satellite into orbit that will be replacing the country's decade-old navigation satellite. According to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, the satellite, QZS-1R, was launched onboard an H-2A rocket from Tanegashima Space Center on Monday night at 10.

Japan has successfully launched a new navigation satellite into orbit that will be replacing the country's decade-old navigation satellite. According to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, the satellite, QZS-1R, was launched onboard an H-2A rocket from Tanegashima Space Center on Monday night at 10.19 pm. The QZS-1R satellite will join other satellites that are part of the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, or QZSS, which is Japan's satellite navigation system. It is a replacement for Quasi-Zenith Satellite System 1 satellite which was launched in 2010. Also read | NASA launches Landsat 9 satellite to monitor Earth's surface The company Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) builds and operates H-2A rockets. "It was really beautiful launch," the company said in a tweet after a successful lift-off. "H-IIA F44 flight proceeded nominally. Approximately 28 minutes 6 seconds after launch, as planned, the payload separated from the launch vehicle," the statement said. According to the official QZSS website, there are four satellites in the constellation: QZS-1, QZS-2, QZS-3, and QZS-4. As per JAXA, QZSS constellation will eventually consist of a total of seven satellites in an orbit passing through a near-zenith (or directly overhead) above Japan. QZS-R1 is meant to share nearly the same transmission signals as recent GPS satellites. Also read | NASA-ISRO Earth observation satellite launch on GSLV Mk II by Jan 2023 It is specifically designed for mountainous and urban areas in Japan, according to JAXA. A Mitsubishi rocket launch system has been in use since 2003. Satellites have been launched to Mars (Emirates Mars Mission) and Venus (Akatsuki) using the H-2A 202 rocket launch system. This is the first launch of the H2-A rocket since Japan launched a relay satellite with laser communications technology into orbit on Nov. 29, 2020. (With inputs from agencies)

Replacing decade-old system, Japan launches advanced GPS satellite into orbit

The merits of robot technology in space are multi-faceted. Besides limiting the danger to human life, sophisticated technology has been largely instrumental in making space exploration a reality.&nbsp;And now, Japan aims to turn up the heat! The country’s space agency - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is sending a shapeshifting robot, first of its kind to the Moon.

According to The Byte, JAXA has collaborated with Sony, Doshisha University and toymaker Tomy to create a ball-shaped robot capable of transformation.&nbsp;The goal of this quirky robot will be to study the lunar soil before a crewed rover takes the stage in 2029.

The robot will weigh&nbsp;249 grams (8.8 ounce) and be encased in a ball which will facilitate its movement to a lunar lander. Ispace, a private robotics company will assist the development of the robot.

The robot’s toy-like sensibilities are reflected in how it’s expected to operate on the Moon. JAXA claims that the robot will expand and open up after landing on the lunar surface.&nbsp;

Once on the surface, it’ll drive itself to its full configuration mode and capture picture of the Moon’s surface. Due to its transforming&nbsp;nature, JAXA believes the robot will come in handy in many missions that follow.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/technology/first-instance-of-killer-robot-attacking-human-without-orders-recorded-in-libya-un-report-388344" hreflang="en">First instance of 'killer robot' attacking human without orders recorded in Libya: UN report</a>

According to Engadget, the control tech for the robot was provided by Sony. To make the device more compact and movable, Tomy and Doshisha were employed.

Till 2016, the work on the robot had remained limited to paper as the rough idea&nbsp;was pitched in a study.&nbsp; But after Sony entered the scene in 2019, the mission to create robo-ball took off. In 2021, Doshisha also joined the efforts.

Reports suggest that the robot and its lander will be launched by Ispace in 2022. The design of the robot could change the route space exploration firms take in terms of product development.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://13.235.153.162/technology/robot-soldiers-are-the-new-combat-weapons-in-age-of-technology-377618" hreflang="en">Robot soldiers are the new combat weapons in age of technology</a>

The merits of robot technology in space are multi-faceted. Besides limiting the danger to human life, sophisticated technology has been largely instrumental in making space exploration a reality.

The merits of robot technology in space are multi-faceted. Besides limiting the danger to human life, sophisticated technology has been largely instrumental in making space exploration a reality. And now, Japan aims to turn up the heat! The country’s space agency - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is sending a shapeshifting robot, first of its kind to the Moon. According to The Byte, JAXA has collaborated with Sony, Doshisha University and toymaker Tomy to create a ball-shaped robot capable of transformation. The goal of this quirky robot will be to study the lunar soil before a crewed rover takes the stage in 2029. The robot will weigh 249 grams (8.8 ounce) and be encased in a ball which will facilitate its movement to a lunar lander. Ispace, a private robotics company will assist the development of the robot. The robot’s toy-like sensibilities are reflected in how it’s expected to operate on the Moon. JAXA claims that the robot will expand and open up after landing on the lunar surface. Once on the surface, it’ll drive itself to its full configuration mode and capture picture of the Moon’s surface. Due to its transforming nature, JAXA believes the robot will come in handy in many missions that follow. Also read: First instance of 'killer robot' attacking human without orders recorded in Libya: UN report According to Engadget, the control tech for the robot was provided by Sony. To make the device more compact and movable, Tomy and Doshisha were employed. Till 2016, the work on the robot had remained limited to paper as the rough idea was pitched in a study. But after Sony entered the scene in 2019, the mission to create robo-ball took off. In 2021, Doshisha also joined the efforts. Reports suggest that the robot and its lander will be launched by Ispace in 2022. The design of the robot could change the route space exploration firms take in terms of product development. Also read: Robot soldiers are the new combat weapons in age of technology

Japan is sending a shape-shifting miniature robot to the Moon

Scientists in Japan said Tuesday they were left "speechless" when they saw how much asteroid dust was inside a capsule delivered by the Hayabusa-2 space probe in an unprecedented mission.

The Hayabusa-2 space probe collected surface dust and pristine material last year from the asteroid Ryugu, around 300 million kilometres (200 million miles) away, during two daring phases of its six-year mission.

Also see:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/in-pics-after-a-six-year-long-journey-capsule-carrying-asteroid-samples-arrives-in-japan-348342">In pics: After a six year-long journey, capsule carrying asteroid samples arrives in Japan</a>

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency said its staff initially spotted some black particles sitting on the bottom of the capsule's sample-catcher when they pulled out the container on Monday.

By Tuesday, scientists found more of the soil and gas samples in a compartment that stored those from the first of Hayabusa's two touchdowns on the asteroid last year.

''We have confirmed a good amount of sand apparently collected from the asteroid Ryugu, along with gases,''&nbsp;JAXA Hayabusa2 project manager Yuichi Tsuda said in a video message during an online news conference.

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''The samples from outside of our planet, which we have long dreamed of, are now in our hands.''

Tsuda called the successful return of asteroid soil and gas samples a major scientific milestone."

The pan-shaped capsule, 40 centimeters (15 inches) in diameter, was dropped by Hayabusa2 from space to a predetermined spot in a sparsely populated Australian desert on Dec. 6 at the end of its six-year round trip to Ryugu, more than 300 million kilometers (190 million miles) from Earth. 
The capsule arrived in Japan last Tuesday for research that will scientists hope will provide insight into the origins of the solar system and life on Earth.

Hirotaka Sawada, a JAXA scientist, was the first to look inside the capsule's sample-catcher. Sawada said he was ''almost speechless''&nbsp;with surprise and joy when he found that the samples inside included were just the expected dust size but also the size of grain and pebbles.

Soil samples in photos shown in Tuesday's presentation looked like dark coffee grounds or black sesame seeds.

Scientists are hoping samples from the asteroid's subsurface can provide information from billions of years ago that are unaffected by space radiation and other environmental factors. JAXA scientists say they are particularly interested in organic materials in the samples to learn about how they were distributed in the solar system and if they are related to life on Earth.

Sei-ichiro Watanabe, a Nagoya University earth and environmental scientist working with JAXA, said having more sample material to work with than expected is great news as it will expand the scope of studies.

The samples were gathered from two touchdowns that Hayabusa2 made last year on Ryugu. The landings were more difficult than expected because of the asteroid's extremely rocky surface.

The first landing collected samples from Ryugu's surface and the second from underground. Each was stored separately. JAXA said it will look into another compartment, used for a second touchdown, next week, and will continue an initial examination ahead of the later studies of the material.

Following studies in Japan, some of the samples will be shared with NASA and other international groups for additional research beginning in 2022.&nbsp;

Scientists in Japan said Tuesday they were left "speechless" when they saw how much asteroid dust was inside a capsule delivered by the Hayabusa-2 space probe in an unprecedented mission.

Scientists in Japan said Tuesday they were left "speechless" when they saw how much asteroid dust was inside a capsule delivered by the Hayabusa-2 space probe in an unprecedented mission. The Hayabusa-2 space probe collected surface dust and pristine material last year from the asteroid Ryugu, around 300 million kilometres (200 million miles) away, during two daring phases of its six-year mission. Also see: In pics: After a six year-long journey, capsule carrying asteroid samples arrives in Japan The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency said its staff initially spotted some black particles sitting on the bottom of the capsule's sample-catcher when they pulled out the container on Monday. By Tuesday, scientists found more of the soil and gas samples in a compartment that stored those from the first of Hayabusa's two touchdowns on the asteroid last year. ''We have confirmed a good amount of sand apparently collected from the asteroid Ryugu, along with gases,'' JAXA Hayabusa2 project manager Yuichi Tsuda said in a video message during an online news conference. ''The samples from outside of our planet, which we have long dreamed of, are now in our hands.'' Tsuda called the successful return of asteroid soil and gas samples a major scientific milestone." The pan-shaped capsule, 40 centimeters (15 inches) in diameter, was dropped by Hayabusa2 from space to a predetermined spot in a sparsely populated Australian desert on Dec. 6 at the end of its six-year round trip to Ryugu, more than 300 million kilometers (190 million miles) from Earth. The capsule arrived in Japan last Tuesday for research that will scientists hope will provide insight into the origins of the solar system and life on Earth. Hirotaka Sawada, a JAXA scientist, was the first to look inside the capsule's sample-catcher. Sawada said he was ''almost speechless'' with surprise and joy when he found that the samples inside included were just the expected dust size but also the size of grain and pebbles. Soil samples in photos shown in Tuesday's presentation looked like dark coffee grounds or black sesame seeds. Scientists are hoping samples from the asteroid's subsurface can provide information from billions of years ago that are unaffected by space radiation and other environmental factors. JAXA scientists say they are particularly interested in organic materials in the samples to learn about how they were distributed in the solar system and if they are related to life on Earth. Sei-ichiro Watanabe, a Nagoya University earth and environmental scientist working with JAXA, said having more sample material to work with than expected is great news as it will expand the scope of studies. The samples were gathered from two touchdowns that Hayabusa2 made last year on Ryugu. The landings were more difficult than expected because of the asteroid's extremely rocky surface. The first landing collected samples from Ryugu's surface and the second from underground. Each was stored separately. JAXA said it will look into another compartment, used for a second touchdown, next week, and will continue an initial examination ahead of the later studies of the material. Following studies in Japan, some of the samples will be shared with NASA and other international groups for additional research beginning in 2022.

Asteroid samples from Hayabusa-2 space probe leave Japanese scientists 'speechless'

Japan's Hayabusa2 probe landed successfully Thursday on a distant <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/japanese-spacecraft-hayabusa2-lands-on-ryugu-asteroid-takes-samples-198878">asteroid for a final touchdown</a>, hoping to collect samples that could shed light on the evolution of the solar system.

"The touchdown is successful," spokesman Takayuki Tomobe from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

The successful touchdown was greeted with cheering and applause in the JAXA mission control room, with officials grinning and shaking hands.

JAXA officials said earlier that the probe appeared to have landed successfully, but confirmation came only after Hayabusa2 lifted back up from the asteroid and resumed communications with the control room.

"All of us are relieved to see that the probe has resumed sending data from its antenna, which can send a large amount of data to us," Tomobe said.

"This means that the probe is not in a serious condition," he added.

The brief landing Thursday is the second time Hayabusa2 has touched down on the desolate asteroid Ryugu, some 300 million kilometres (185 million miles) from Earth.

The complex multi-year mission has also involved sending rovers and robots down to the surface.

Thursday's touchdown was intended to collect pristine materials from beneath the surface of the asteroid that could provide insights into what the solar system was like at its birth, some 4.6 billion years ago.

To get at those crucial materials, in April an "impactor" was fired from Hayabusa2 towards Ryugu in a risky process that created a crater on the asteroid's surface and stirred up material that had not previously been exposed to the atmosphere.

Hayabusa2's first touchdown was in February, when it landed briefly on Ryugu and fired a bullet into the surface to puff up dust for collection, before blasting back to its holding position.

The second touchdown required special preparations because any problems could mean the probe would lose the precious materials already gathered during its first landing.

A photo of the crater taken by Hayabusa2's camera after the April blast showed that parts of the asteroid's surface are covered with materials that are "obviously different" from the rest of the surface, mission manager Makoto Yoshikawa told reporters before the latest touchdown.

The probe was expected to land briefing in an area some 20 metres away from the centre of the crater to collect the unidentified materials believed to be "ejecta" from the blast.

"It would be safe to say that extremely attractive materials are near the crater," Tsuda said.

The touchdown is the last major part of Hayabusa2's mission, and when the probe returns to Earth next year scientists hope to learn more about the history of the solar system and even the origin of life from its samples.

"I'm really looking forward to analysing these materials," Yoshikawa said.

The Hayabusa2 mission has attracted international attention, with Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May sending a video to the probe's team ahead of the landing.

"The world is watching. We love you, take care Hayabusa2," the musician told the team.

At about the size of a large refrigerator and equipped with solar panels to keep it powered, Hayabusa2 is the successor to JAXA's first asteroid explorer, Hayabusa -&nbsp;Japanese for falcon.

That probe returned with dust samples from a smaller, potato-shaped asteroid in 2010, despite various setbacks during its epic seven-year odyssey and was hailed as a scientific triumph.

Hayabusa2's photos of Ryugu, which means "Dragon Palace" in Japanese and refers to a castle at the bottom of the ocean in an ancient Japanese tale, show the asteroid has a rough surface full of boulders.

The Hayabusa2 mission was launched in December 2014, and has a price tag of around $270 million.&nbsp;

It has already made history, including with the creation of the crater on Ryugu's surface.

In 2005, NASA's Deep Impact project succeeded in creating an artificial crater on a comet but only for observation purposes.

Japan's Hayabusa2 probe landed successfully Thursday on a distant asteroid for a final touchdown, hoping to collect samples that could shed light on the evolution of the solar system.

Japan's Hayabusa2 probe landed successfully Thursday on a distant asteroid for a final touchdown, hoping to collect samples that could shed light on the evolution of the solar system. "The touchdown is successful," spokesman Takayuki Tomobe from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The successful touchdown was greeted with cheering and applause in the JAXA mission control room, with officials grinning and shaking hands. JAXA officials said earlier that the probe appeared to have landed successfully, but confirmation came only after Hayabusa2 lifted back up from the asteroid and resumed communications with the control room. "All of us are relieved to see that the probe has resumed sending data from its antenna, which can send a large amount of data to us," Tomobe said. "This means that the probe is not in a serious condition," he added. The brief landing Thursday is the second time Hayabusa2 has touched down on the desolate asteroid Ryugu, some 300 million kilometres (185 million miles) from Earth. The complex multi-year mission has also involved sending rovers and robots down to the surface. Thursday's touchdown was intended to collect pristine materials from beneath the surface of the asteroid that could provide insights into what the solar system was like at its birth, some 4.6 billion years ago. To get at those crucial materials, in April an "impactor" was fired from Hayabusa2 towards Ryugu in a risky process that created a crater on the asteroid's surface and stirred up material that had not previously been exposed to the atmosphere. Hayabusa2's first touchdown was in February, when it landed briefly on Ryugu and fired a bullet into the surface to puff up dust for collection, before blasting back to its holding position. The second touchdown required special preparations because any problems could mean the probe would lose the precious materials already gathered during its first landing. A photo of the crater taken by Hayabusa2's camera after the April blast showed that parts of the asteroid's surface are covered with materials that are "obviously different" from the rest of the surface, mission manager Makoto Yoshikawa told reporters before the latest touchdown. The probe was expected to land briefing in an area some 20 metres away from the centre of the crater to collect the unidentified materials believed to be "ejecta" from the blast. "It would be safe to say that extremely attractive materials are near the crater," Tsuda said. The touchdown is the last major part of Hayabusa2's mission, and when the probe returns to Earth next year scientists hope to learn more about the history of the solar system and even the origin of life from its samples. "I'm really looking forward to analysing these materials," Yoshikawa said. The Hayabusa2 mission has attracted international attention, with Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May sending a video to the probe's team ahead of the landing. "The world is watching. We love you, take care Hayabusa2," the musician told the team. At about the size of a large refrigerator and equipped with solar panels to keep it powered, Hayabusa2 is the successor to JAXA's first asteroid explorer, Hayabusa - Japanese for falcon. That probe returned with dust samples from a smaller, potato-shaped asteroid in 2010, despite various setbacks during its epic seven-year odyssey and was hailed as a scientific triumph. Hayabusa2's photos of Ryugu, which means "Dragon Palace" in Japanese and refers to a castle at the bottom of the ocean in an ancient Japanese tale, show the asteroid has a rough surface full of boulders. The Hayabusa2 mission was launched in December 2014, and has a price tag of around $270 million. It has already made history, including with the creation of the crater on Ryugu's surface. In 2005, NASA's Deep Impact project succeeded in creating an artificial crater on a comet but only for observation purposes.

Japan's Hayabusa2 probe lands successfully on asteroid

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