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NASA's International Space Station captured a rare image of an unusual crater or caldera which gets created on the Mount Nemrut volcano in Turkey. The image captured showed how the entire area gets split into two halves - a solidified lava region and a lake - like a yin-yang symbol from Chinese philosophy.

NASA's International Space Station captured a rare image of an unusual crater or caldera which gets created on the Mount Nemrut volcano in Turkey. The image captured showed how the entire area gets split into two halves - a solidified lava region and a lake - like a yin-yang symbol from Chinese philosophy. How was this unusual crater formed? Mount Nemrut, which has been named after the biblical figure King Nimrod, is 9,672 feet (2,948 metres) in height and is located at the intersection between the Eurasian and the Arabian tectonic plates. According to NASA's Earth Observatory, in 1650, the dormant stratovolcano had majorly erupted for the last time. Also Read: A volcano eruption 74,000 years ago could have wiped out humans, here’s how some survived The large caldera of the volcano is around 5.3 miles (8.5 kilometres) from its widest point and is nearly 2,000 feet (610 metres) deep. According to a study conducted in 2012, it was largely carved around 250,000 years ago after a single massive eruption took place. The eruption also led to the release of a huge lava flow which blocked off a river and led to the formation of Turkey's largest lake, Lake Van, which is located at the east side of the mountain. Smaller eruptions continued after that from vents in the eastern half of the caldera and led to the creation of solidified lava which flows on one side of the crater. After some time, the caldera's other side was filled with water and led to the formation of a crater lake. The stark difference between the two sides of the volcano's peak is most visible when snow covers the mountain. When this occurs, it is generally seen as the yin-yang symbol from Chinese philosophy. Watch: Mount Ruang Eruption: Indonesia’s Mount Ruang volcano erupts again, authorities evacuate over 12,000 people The snow coverage also created folds in the lava flows, which are called pressure ridges. These were formed by the molten rock's flowing and cooling. These ridges are very different in size and thickness because of the differences in the lava's viscosity across various eruptions, as per the Earth Observatory. The maximum depth of Nemrut's crater lake is around 577 feet (176 m) and it covers similar lava flows from earlier eruptions. This is, however, not the only lake present in the caldera. Another smaller lake, which is 36-foot-deep (11 m), is located between a series of lava flats close to the centre of the caldera's northern edge. The lake is fed by hot springs which reflect the presence of life beneath the caldera even though the volcano is dormant. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA captures divine ‘yin-yang’ symbol sitting atop Turkish volcano

Scientists have long been looking for 'glueballs', which are bonded states of subatomic gluon particles without any quarks, and they may have discovered them in a particle accelerator experiment.

It seems like a really big step forward in physics, but why? Let's comprehend. Gluons play a major role in maintaining the stability of atoms by holding quarks in place, which are the building blocks of protons and neutrons.

About this function, the gluon is a component of the strong nuclear force, which, together with gravity, electromagnetism, and the weak nuclear force, is one of the four basic forces of nature that sustain the rules of physics. Until now, glueballs have just been propositions that physicists believe ought to be real since gluons should be able to bind to one another.

Individual gluons possess no matter and only convey force, nonetheless, glueballs have mass due to gluon interactions. If they can be identified, it's yet another proof that the Standard Model of particle physics, which represents our current knowledge of how the Universe functions, is correct.

Also read:&nbsp;<meta name="uuid" content="uuidVzud6DijuQTp" /><a href="http://wionews.com/science/nasa-releases-stunning-images-of-solar-explosions-that-triggered-solar-flares-720674" target="_blank">NASA releases stunning images of solar explosions that triggered solar flares</a>

The experiment was conducted via China's Beijing Electron-Positron Collider II. The collider was used to smash together mesons, which are particles composed of a quark and an antiquark that are locked together by a strong nuclear force.

When researchers sifted through the subatomic debris from these particle-smashing sessions, they discovered particles with an average mass of 2,395 MeV/c. That is the anticipated mass of glueballs.

The particle is known as X(2370), and while some of the other calculations involved do not precisely match what the researchers were searching for, they come close. More measurements and observations will be required to provide a definitive response.

Although the evidence for glueballs is not yet conclusive, it is mounting. Back in 2015, scientists believed they had seen glueballs. It could not be too long until another particle transitions from the theoretical to the real. 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have long been looking for 'glueballs', which are bonded states of subatomic gluon particles without any quarks, and they may have discovered them in a particle accelerator experiment.

Scientists have long been looking for 'glueballs', which are bonded states of subatomic gluon particles without any quarks, and they may have discovered them in a particle accelerator experiment. It seems like a really big step forward in physics, but why? Let's comprehend. Gluons play a major role in maintaining the stability of atoms by holding quarks in place, which are the building blocks of protons and neutrons. About this function, the gluon is a component of the strong nuclear force, which, together with gravity, electromagnetism, and the weak nuclear force, is one of the four basic forces of nature that sustain the rules of physics. Until now, glueballs have just been propositions that physicists believe ought to be real since gluons should be able to bind to one another. Individual gluons possess no matter and only convey force, nonetheless, glueballs have mass due to gluon interactions. If they can be identified, it's yet another proof that the Standard Model of particle physics, which represents our current knowledge of how the Universe functions, is correct. Also read: NASA releases stunning images of solar explosions that triggered solar flares The experiment was conducted via China's Beijing Electron-Positron Collider II. The collider was used to smash together mesons, which are particles composed of a quark and an antiquark that are locked together by a strong nuclear force. When researchers sifted through the subatomic debris from these particle-smashing sessions, they discovered particles with an average mass of 2,395 MeV/c. That is the anticipated mass of glueballs. The particle is known as X(2370), and while some of the other calculations involved do not precisely match what the researchers were searching for, they come close. More measurements and observations will be required to provide a definitive response. Although the evidence for glueballs is not yet conclusive, it is mounting. Back in 2015, scientists believed they had seen glueballs. It could not be too long until another particle transitions from the theoretical to the real. (With inputs from agencies)

Possible discovery of a ‘glueball’ shakes up particle physics

Contrary to common belief, spending time online may actually contribute to greater wellbeing globally, according to new research. Professor Andrew Przybylski of the University of Oxford, co-author of the study, highlighted the significance of their analysis, which delved into the relationship between internet usage and wellbeing on a global scale. He noted the limitations of previous studies, which often focused on specific regions and age groups.&nbsp;Earlier research has predominantly centred on North America and Europe and primarily addressed concerns surrounding technology, especially its impact on young people.

“It would be really good to be able to target advice and tools and regulation to protect young people in particular, but that evidence simply doesn’t exist in a way that would be useful for those ends,” Przybylski said.

Published in the journal Technology, Mind, and Behaviour, the study, co-authored by Dr Matti Vuorre of Tilburg University, analysed data collected from interviews spanning&nbsp;from 2006 to 2021.

This was a part of the Gallup World Poll and it involved interviewing approximately 1,000 individuals annually across 168 countries to gather data on a wide range of topics associated with one's well-being.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/possible-discovery-of-a-glueball-shakes-up-particle-physics-720688">Possible discovery of a ‘glueball’ shakes up particle physics</a>

The research encompassed a vast sample of over 2.4 million participants aged 15 and above. By employing over 33,000 statistical models, the researchers were able to explore associations between internet access and various measures of well-being. It looked into factors like income, education, health, and relationship status - all integral components of an individual's overall well-being as they play&nbsp;a unique role in shaping one's quality of life.

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For instance, higher income levels often afford access to resources that contribute to reduced stress, and education provides individuals with the opportunities necessary for increased satisfaction.&nbsp;

<h2>What were the findings?&nbsp;</h2>

The findings revealed a positive correlation between internet access, mobile internet use, and overall well-being. Out of the analysed associations, 84.9 per cent showed a positive correlation between internet use and wellbeing, with only 0.4 per cent&nbsp;exhibiting a negative association, and 14.7 per cent&nbsp;not statistically significant, media reports said.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;Study links half of all cancer cases to obesity

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While the study couldn't establish cause and effect relation, it did find that individuals with internet access reported 8.5 per cent higher levels of life satisfaction. However, the study did not delve into the duration or purpose of internet usage.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Contrary to common belief, spending time online may actually contribute to greater wellbeing globally, according to new research. Professor Andrew Przybylski of the University of Oxford, co-author of the study, highlighted the significance of their analysis, which delved into the relationship between internet usage and wellbeing on a global scale.

Contrary to common belief, spending time online may actually contribute to greater wellbeing globally, according to new research. Professor Andrew Przybylski of the University of Oxford, co-author of the study, highlighted the significance of their analysis, which delved into the relationship between internet usage and wellbeing on a global scale. He noted the limitations of previous studies, which often focused on specific regions and age groups. Earlier research has predominantly centred on North America and Europe and primarily addressed concerns surrounding technology, especially its impact on young people. “It would be really good to be able to target advice and tools and regulation to protect young people in particular, but that evidence simply doesn’t exist in a way that would be useful for those ends,” Przybylski said. Published in the journal Technology, Mind, and Behaviour, the study, co-authored by Dr Matti Vuorre of Tilburg University, analysed data collected from interviews spanning from 2006 to 2021. This was a part of the Gallup World Poll and it involved interviewing approximately 1,000 individuals annually across 168 countries to gather data on a wide range of topics associated with one's well-being. Also Read | Possible discovery of a ‘glueball’ shakes up particle physics The research encompassed a vast sample of over 2.4 million participants aged 15 and above. By employing over 33,000 statistical models, the researchers were able to explore associations between internet access and various measures of well-being. It looked into factors like income, education, health, and relationship status - all integral components of an individual's overall well-being as they play a unique role in shaping one's quality of life. Also Read | NASA releases stunning images of solar explosions that triggered solar flares For instance, higher income levels often afford access to resources that contribute to reduced stress, and education provides individuals with the opportunities necessary for increased satisfaction. What were the findings? The findings revealed a positive correlation between internet access, mobile internet use, and overall well-being. Out of the analysed associations, 84.9 per cent showed a positive correlation between internet use and wellbeing, with only 0.4 per cent exhibiting a negative association, and 14.7 per cent not statistically significant, media reports said. Watch | Study links half of all cancer cases to obesity × While the study couldn't establish cause and effect relation, it did find that individuals with internet access reported 8.5 per cent higher levels of life satisfaction. However, the study did not delve into the duration or purpose of internet usage. (With inputs from agencies)

Internet use linked to global wellbeing boost, reveals research

In about five years, on April 13, 2029, the near-Earth asteroid Apophis, popularly named 'God of Destruction', will make a historically close approach to Earth, passing just 30,000 miles (around 48,280 kilometres) away.&nbsp;

Named after the Egyptian god of chaos, the asteroid, which is approximately 1,000 feet (around 305 metres) wide, will be so close that it will be visible to the naked eye. This 'close call' will provide a unique scientific opportunity that NASA researchers are eager to seize.

<h2>NASA to take advantage of the dangerous asteroid</h2>

On the day Apophis comes close to our planet, NASA's OSIRIS-APEX spacecraft will be in a position to study the 'God of Destruction'.

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Not only this, but there might also be a host of little satellites from the "NEAlight" project. A team at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg initiated this project under the guidance of space engineer Hakan Kayal.

These three satellites aim to gather vital data which could enhance our understanding of the solar system and aid in developing strategies for planetary defence.

<h2>'God of Destruction' Apophis</h2>

Apophis has been a significant subject of study since its discovery in 2004 due to its size and the potential proximity of its orbit to Earth.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/heartbreaking-reality-over-321000-children-left-orphaned-due-to-americas-drug-epidemic-between-2011-2021-719636">Heartbreaking! Over 321,000 children lost a parent to America's drug epidemic between 2011-2021</a>

It featured prominently on risk lists — European Space Agency's (ESA's) and NASA's Sentry Risk Table for 17 years — for potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) until 2021, when observations confirmed that it poses no threat of collision with Earth for at least the next hundred years.

Despite the absence of an immediate threat, the 2029 encounter with Apophis presents a valuable chance to analyse a primordial object that has witnessed the solar system's history since its formation about 4.6 billion years ago.

(With inputs from agencies)

In about five years, on April 13, 2029, the near-Earth asteroid Apophis, popularly named 'God of Destruction', will make a historically close approach to Earth, passing just 30,000 miles (around 48,280 kilometres) away.

In about five years, on April 13, 2029, the near-Earth asteroid Apophis, popularly named 'God of Destruction', will make a historically close approach to Earth, passing just 30,000 miles (around 48,280 kilometres) away. Named after the Egyptian god of chaos, the asteroid, which is approximately 1,000 feet (around 305 metres) wide, will be so close that it will be visible to the naked eye. This 'close call' will provide a unique scientific opportunity that NASA researchers are eager to seize. NASA to take advantage of the dangerous asteroid On the day Apophis comes close to our planet, NASA's OSIRIS-APEX spacecraft will be in a position to study the 'God of Destruction'. Also read | Elon Musk cites simple proof to assert his belief that aliens don't exist Not only this, but there might also be a host of little satellites from the "NEAlight" project. A team at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg initiated this project under the guidance of space engineer Hakan Kayal. These three satellites aim to gather vital data which could enhance our understanding of the solar system and aid in developing strategies for planetary defence. 'God of Destruction' Apophis Apophis has been a significant subject of study since its discovery in 2004 due to its size and the potential proximity of its orbit to Earth. Also read | Heartbreaking! Over 321,000 children lost a parent to America's drug epidemic between 2011-2021 It featured prominently on risk lists — European Space Agency's (ESA's) and NASA's Sentry Risk Table for 17 years — for potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) until 2021, when observations confirmed that it poses no threat of collision with Earth for at least the next hundred years. Despite the absence of an immediate threat, the 2029 encounter with Apophis presents a valuable chance to analyse a primordial object that has witnessed the solar system's history since its formation about 4.6 billion years ago. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA will do THIS when 'God of Destruction' asteroid Apophis comes near Earth in 2029

Adenomyosis is a chronic uterine illness that affects around one in five women, yet not many people are aware of it. Adenomyosis can cause symptoms such as irregular and excessive menstrual flow and pelvic discomfort. Patients differ in the degree of their symptoms; up to one-third of women with adenomyosis may experience none at all or very mild symptoms.

Fertility may also be affected by the condition. When adenomyosis-afflicted women do get pregnant, their chances of miscarrying, giving birth before term, developing pre-eclampsia, and bleeding after delivery are higher.

<h2>What causes adenomyosis?</h2>

The uterus has two main layers. Embryos&nbsp;implant in the endometrium, which is the inner layer. If there is no pregnancy, this layer sheds during your period. The myometrium is the uterus' muscular layer. It expands during pregnancy and causes contractions. Endometrium-like cells&nbsp;are detected&nbsp;in the myometrium place in adenomyosis patients.

It&nbsp;is believed&nbsp;that either medical operations or the normal processes of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and&nbsp;delivery,&nbsp;cause damage to the area between the endometrium and myometrium.

When endometrial tissue layer injury&nbsp;is not&nbsp;properly repaired&nbsp;in&nbsp;certain&nbsp;women, aberrant growth and penetration of endometrial-like cells into the myometrium occurs. They cause discomfort and bleeding by interfering with the myometrium's regular processes. There could be several contributing pathways and no single common disease-causing cause for adenomyosis.

<h2>How to&nbsp;diagnose adenomyosis?</h2>

Adenomyosis is a&nbsp;difficult&nbsp;condition to diagnose. Historically, the presence of endometrium-like cells in the myometrium could only&nbsp;be verified&nbsp;by pathology&nbsp;assessment&nbsp;where the myometrium&nbsp;is examined&nbsp;under a microscope after a hysterectomy (surgery to remove the uterus).

Recent years have seen increased diagnoses with the development of imaging technologies such as MRI and detailed pelvic ultrasound. Although adenomyosis is now commonly identified without&nbsp;the need for&nbsp;a hysterectomy, doctors are still working towards developing a standardized method for non-surgical diagnosis.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/internet-use-linked-to-global-wellbeing-boost-reveals-research-720715">Internet use linked to global wellbeing boost, reveals research</a>

As a result, it remains uncertain exactly how many women have adenomyosis.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;we know that around 20 per cent of women having hysterectomies for reasons other than suspected adenomyosis&nbsp;are found&nbsp;to have evidence of the condition on pathology assessment.

Adenomyosis is a&nbsp;tough&nbsp;disorder to detect. Because of this, the precise number of women who have adenomyosis is yet unknown. Although data indicates that the condition is more common in older women, the exact cause of adenomyosis remains unknown.

<h2>How can you treat&nbsp;adenomyosis?</h2>

Hormonal treatments include progesterone-containing tablets and oral contraceptives. Tranexamic acid is one of several non-hormonal therapies. The goal of these therapies is to reduce menstrual bleeding. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications&nbsp;are commonly used&nbsp;to relieve pain. If medication therapies do not provide significant relief from symptoms, surgical alternatives include excision of the focal lesions or a hysterectomy. 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

Adenomyosis is a chronic uterine illness that affects around one in five women, yet not many people are aware of it. Adenomyosis can cause symptoms such as irregular and excessive menstrual flow and pelvic discomfort.

Adenomyosis is a chronic uterine illness that affects around one in five women, yet not many people are aware of it. Adenomyosis can cause symptoms such as irregular and excessive menstrual flow and pelvic discomfort. Patients differ in the degree of their symptoms; up to one-third of women with adenomyosis may experience none at all or very mild symptoms. Fertility may also be affected by the condition. When adenomyosis-afflicted women do get pregnant, their chances of miscarrying, giving birth before term, developing pre-eclampsia, and bleeding after delivery are higher. What causes adenomyosis? The uterus has two main layers. Embryos implant in the endometrium, which is the inner layer. If there is no pregnancy, this layer sheds during your period. The myometrium is the uterus' muscular layer. It expands during pregnancy and causes contractions. Endometrium-like cells are detected in the myometrium place in adenomyosis patients. It is believed that either medical operations or the normal processes of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and delivery, cause damage to the area between the endometrium and myometrium. When endometrial tissue layer injury is not properly repaired in certain women, aberrant growth and penetration of endometrial-like cells into the myometrium occurs. They cause discomfort and bleeding by interfering with the myometrium's regular processes. There could be several contributing pathways and no single common disease-causing cause for adenomyosis. How to diagnose adenomyosis? Adenomyosis is a difficult condition to diagnose. Historically, the presence of endometrium-like cells in the myometrium could only be verified by pathology assessment where the myometrium is examined under a microscope after a hysterectomy (surgery to remove the uterus). Recent years have seen increased diagnoses with the development of imaging technologies such as MRI and detailed pelvic ultrasound. Although adenomyosis is now commonly identified without the need for a hysterectomy, doctors are still working towards developing a standardized method for non-surgical diagnosis. Also read: Internet use linked to global wellbeing boost, reveals research As a result, it remains uncertain exactly how many women have adenomyosis. Although we know that around 20 per cent of women having hysterectomies for reasons other than suspected adenomyosis are found to have evidence of the condition on pathology assessment. Adenomyosis is a tough disorder to detect. Because of this, the precise number of women who have adenomyosis is yet unknown. Although data indicates that the condition is more common in older women, the exact cause of adenomyosis remains unknown. How can you treat adenomyosis? Hormonal treatments include progesterone-containing tablets and oral contraceptives. Tranexamic acid is one of several non-hormonal therapies. The goal of these therapies is to reduce menstrual bleeding. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications are commonly used to relieve pain. If medication therapies do not provide significant relief from symptoms, surgical alternatives include excision of the focal lesions or a hysterectomy. (With inputs from agencies)

What is Adenomyosis? Understanding the hidden condition affecting 1 in 5 women

The origin of life in the universe has always remained shrouded in mystery. Now, in a recent find, astronomers have stumbled upon an ancient star explosion which may have birthed life in the cosmos.

The origin of life in the universe has always remained shrouded in mystery. Now, in a recent find, astronomers have stumbled upon an ancient star explosion which may have birthed life in the cosmos. The key element for the origin of life is phosphorus which is important for the creation of DNA, which is the blueprint of all life. The astronomers are now trying to study how the crucial element came into existence. A new theory has now proposed that a particular stellar explosion, called “ONe novae” can be phosphorus' primary source in the universe. How life came into existence with the Big Bang? At the inception of the universe, the lightest element - hydrogen - was generated by the Big Bang. Also Read: Space cookie still smells fresh after four years. Know how Heavier elements like helium are created from fiery cores of stars where there is intense pressure and heat fuses hydrogen atoms. The process continues and elements like oxygen and carbon are created. The fuel of the stars is eventually exhausted by these stellar furnaces which leads to cataclysmic explosions like novae and supernovae. Such events lead to the dispersal of the newly forged elements into the cosmos which enriches the interstellar medium by creating blocks for planets, asteroids, and eventually, life. How ONe novae lead to the production of phosphorus and eventually life? ONe novae are a category of stellar explosions which occur in white dwarf stars having a high composition of oxygen, neon, and magnesium. These white dwarfs take matter from a companion star and when the accumulated material reaches the critical stage, it leads to a runaway thermonuclear reaction. The explosive event releases a significant amount of stellar material which includes newly synthesised elements that surround the interstellar space. Astronomers Kenji Bekki and Takuji Tsujimoto have reached a hypothesis which suggests that these ONe novae can be the primarily mechanism which is responsible for the production and distribution of phosphorus, which is an important element for life. Watch: Boeing to send Starliner space capsule with 2 astronauts' “A ONe nova occurs when matter builds up on the surface of an oxygen-neon-magnesium rich white dwarf star and is heated to the point to ignite explosive run-away nuclear fusion,” Tsujimoto explained. According to Bekki and Tsujimoto’s model, the highest point was reached by ONe novae approximately 8 billion years ago. The peak in ONe novae activity may have led to phosphorus' major enrichment in the interstellar medium. Since our solar system was formed nearly 4.6 billion years ago, the timeline shows that phosphorus, which is a crucial element for life, would have been in abundance in the universe and would have been accessible during the early stages of the formation of Earth. The availability of phosphorus may have led to a pivotal role in the evolution and emergence of life on Earth. (With inputs from agencies)

As THIS star exploded, life probably originated in the universe, hints astronomers

New research has found that people who hit menopause early in life have a higher risk of dying young. The research added that individuals who hit menopause before the age of 40 — known as premature menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) — are twice as likely to die of a cause.

The study, due to be presented by the researchers at the European Congress of Endocrinology at the Stockholm International Fairs in Stockholm, also showed that individuals with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) are also more than four times more likely to die from cancer.&nbsp;

<h2>What is Menopause?</h2>

Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a female's reproductive years. This is triggered by the reduction in the production of hormones like estrogen and progesterone by the ovaries.&nbsp;

The majority of people who experience menstruation undergo menopause between around ages 45 to 55, with only about 1 percent seeing menopause before age 40.

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

In the new study, the researchers from the University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital analysed data from nearly 6,000 Finnish women with POI between 1988 and 2017 and compared them to more than 22,000 women without the condition.&nbsp;

They found that people with spontaneously developed POI were twice as likely to die young from heart disease and any other reason. They were also four times more likely to die young of cancer. These effects were not observed in women who had surgically triggered POI.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/web-stories/life-fun/health-and-wellness/5-common-menopause-symptoms-you-must-know-of-1713519039286">5 Common Menopause Symptoms You Must Know Of</a>

"To our knowledge, this is the largest study performed on the linkage between premature ovarian insufficiency and mortality risk," study co-author Hilla Haapakoski, a Ph.D. student at the University of Oulu in Finland, said in a statement.

In past, research has found similar patterns of increased mortality risk in women with POI. But this is the first time that a study has tapped on the trend on such a large scale.

Also watch |&nbsp;Study shows men also experience menopause as they age

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"Our study is one of the first to explore both surgical and spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency in women's all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality, and examine whether hormone replacement therapy for over six months may reduce mortality risk," Haapakoski said. "Our findings suggest specific attention should be paid to the health of women with spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency to decrease excess mortality."

(With inputs from agencies)

New research has found that people who hit menopause early in life have a higher risk of dying young. The research added that individuals who hit menopause before the age of 40 — known as premature menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) — are twice as likely to die of a cause.

New research has found that people who hit menopause early in life have a higher risk of dying young. The research added that individuals who hit menopause before the age of 40 — known as premature menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) — are twice as likely to die of a cause. The study, due to be presented by the researchers at the European Congress of Endocrinology at the Stockholm International Fairs in Stockholm, also showed that individuals with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) are also more than four times more likely to die from cancer. What is Menopause? Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a female's reproductive years. This is triggered by the reduction in the production of hormones like estrogen and progesterone by the ovaries. The majority of people who experience menstruation undergo menopause between around ages 45 to 55, with only about 1 percent seeing menopause before age 40. What does it mean? In the new study, the researchers from the University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital analysed data from nearly 6,000 Finnish women with POI between 1988 and 2017 and compared them to more than 22,000 women without the condition. They found that people with spontaneously developed POI were twice as likely to die young from heart disease and any other reason. They were also four times more likely to die young of cancer. These effects were not observed in women who had surgically triggered POI. Also read | 5 Common Menopause Symptoms You Must Know Of "To our knowledge, this is the largest study performed on the linkage between premature ovarian insufficiency and mortality risk," study co-author Hilla Haapakoski, a Ph.D. student at the University of Oulu in Finland, said in a statement. In past, research has found similar patterns of increased mortality risk in women with POI. But this is the first time that a study has tapped on the trend on such a large scale. Also watch | Study shows men also experience menopause as they age × "Our study is one of the first to explore both surgical and spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency in women's all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality, and examine whether hormone replacement therapy for over six months may reduce mortality risk," Haapakoski said. "Our findings suggest specific attention should be paid to the health of women with spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency to decrease excess mortality." (With inputs from agencies)

Early menopause linked with early death, four times increased risk of cancer

Researchers have come across a new exoplanet TOI-6713.01 located approximately 66 light-years away from Earth, reports said citing a recent study published in The Astronomical Journal.&nbsp;This newly discovered exoplanet orbiting its parent star is a celestial marvel and what sets this exoplanet apart is its striking resemblance to Jupiter's moon, Io, known for its volcanic activity.

This rocky world, about 30 percent larger than our own planet, is distinguished by its scorching surface temperature. The temperatures surpass even some stars at around 4220 degrees Fahrenheit.

Study author Stephen Kane from the University of California, Riverside, expressed his astonishment at the discovery. He said, "It was one of those discovery moments that you think, 'wow, it's amazing this can actually exist."&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-will-do-this-when-god-of-destruction-asteroid-apophis-comes-near-earth-in-2029-720727">NASA will do THIS when 'God of Destruction' asteroid Apophis comes near Earth in 2029</a>

Comparing TOI-6713.01 to Jupiter's volcanic moon, Io, Kane described it as "Io on steroids" because of its constant volcanic eruptions. The planet's surface appears glowing and red-hot due to the volcanic activities.&nbsp;

"It's been forced into a situation where it's constantly exploding with volcanoes. At optical wavelengths you would be able to see a glowing, red-hot planet with a molten lava surface," Kane added.&nbsp;

<h2>Data gathered by&nbsp;TESS</h2>

The discovery of TOI-6713.01 was made possible through data gathered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). It studied the planet's host star HD 104067. While this star was previously known to host one giant planet and a rocky world, the study revealed the existence of another rocky planet in its orbit.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/internet-use-linked-to-global-wellbeing-boost-reveals-research-720715">Internet use linked to global wellbeing boost, reveals research</a>

Researchers proposed that TOI-6713.01's volcanic activity may be driven by gravitational interactions with its parent body, similar to Io's relationship with Jupiter and its moons.

Notably, Jupiter's moon Io is volcanically active primarily due to tidal heating generated by its interactions with Jupiter and its neighbouring moons Europa and Ganymede.

Watch | New infectious diseases on the rise

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The gravitational pull from Jupiter and its moons causes Io to experience tidal forces, which flex and distort its interior. This constant flexing generates immense heat within Io's interior that leads to the melting of its rock and the formation of magma chambers.

This tidal heating effect, induced by gravitational forces, could explain the extreme volcanic behaviour observed on this new planet's surface.

(With inputs from agencies)

Researchers have come across a new exoplanet TOI-6713.01 located approximately 66 light-years away from Earth, reports said citing a recent study published in The Astronomical Journal.

Researchers have come across a new exoplanet TOI-6713.01 located approximately 66 light-years away from Earth, reports said citing a recent study published in The Astronomical Journal. This newly discovered exoplanet orbiting its parent star is a celestial marvel and what sets this exoplanet apart is its striking resemblance to Jupiter's moon, Io, known for its volcanic activity. This rocky world, about 30 percent larger than our own planet, is distinguished by its scorching surface temperature. The temperatures surpass even some stars at around 4220 degrees Fahrenheit. Study author Stephen Kane from the University of California, Riverside, expressed his astonishment at the discovery. He said, "It was one of those discovery moments that you think, 'wow, it's amazing this can actually exist." Also Read | NASA will do THIS when 'God of Destruction' asteroid Apophis comes near Earth in 2029 Comparing TOI-6713.01 to Jupiter's volcanic moon, Io, Kane described it as "Io on steroids" because of its constant volcanic eruptions. The planet's surface appears glowing and red-hot due to the volcanic activities. "It's been forced into a situation where it's constantly exploding with volcanoes. At optical wavelengths you would be able to see a glowing, red-hot planet with a molten lava surface," Kane added. Data gathered by TESS The discovery of TOI-6713.01 was made possible through data gathered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). It studied the planet's host star HD 104067. While this star was previously known to host one giant planet and a rocky world, the study revealed the existence of another rocky planet in its orbit. Also Read | Internet use linked to global wellbeing boost, reveals research Researchers proposed that TOI-6713.01's volcanic activity may be driven by gravitational interactions with its parent body, similar to Io's relationship with Jupiter and its moons. Notably, Jupiter's moon Io is volcanically active primarily due to tidal heating generated by its interactions with Jupiter and its neighbouring moons Europa and Ganymede. Watch | New infectious diseases on the rise × The gravitational pull from Jupiter and its moons causes Io to experience tidal forces, which flex and distort its interior. This constant flexing generates immense heat within Io's interior that leads to the melting of its rock and the formation of magma chambers. This tidal heating effect, induced by gravitational forces, could explain the extreme volcanic behaviour observed on this new planet's surface. (With inputs from agencies)

Furious volcanic eruptions on exoplanet termed 'lo on steroids' make it hotter than some stars

Ever wondered that time is running rather slowly when you are exercising at your local gym? Well, as your body gets going on an exercise trail, the minutes start feeling longer than usual, and science has it confirmed this time.

The authors of a new study published in the Brain and Behavior journal claim that they are the first to "conclusively demonstrate that the perception of time slows down during exercise".

Also watch |&nbsp;Gym goers opt for smart mirrors for private training; watch this report

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The findings fall in line with previous studies which have found that exercise slows our perception of time.&nbsp;

<h2>Why our perception of time differs when we exercise?</h2>

This is because, physical exertion makes our body extra conscious of its discomfort. The sensations of pain are known to slow the passage of time, as we perceive it.

<h2>How the study was conducted?</h2>

A team of scientists led by Andrew Mark Edwards from ​​Canterbury Christ Church University in the UK conducted experiments involving 33 male and female active adults who were asked to guess when a 30-second time period was up, without the help of a clock.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sit-stand-exercise-and-sleep-this-much-every-day-for-tip-top-health-717985">Sit, stand, exercise and sleep this much every day for tip-top health</a>

At rest, participants thought 30 seconds was up slightly later than the actual ticking clock.

But when participants hopped on a stationary bike for a 4-kilometer (2.5-mile) time trial, the perception of time got distorted. Half a minute on the bike felt roughly 8 per cent longer, on average, than what the clock said.

<h2>What does it mean?</h2>

According to Edwards "it is exercise per se that significantly distorts time perception" and not the intensity of exercise.

"Although the current study provides novel and impactful insights, more work has to be done to further unravel the role of external stimuli, exercise intensity, and duration on the perception of time during exercise," they conclude.

(With inputs from agencies)

Ever wondered that time is running rather slowly when you are exercising at your local gym? Well, as your body gets going on an exercise trail, the minutes start feeling longer than usual, and science has it confirmed this time.

Ever wondered that time is running rather slowly when you are exercising at your local gym? Well, as your body gets going on an exercise trail, the minutes start feeling longer than usual, and science has it confirmed this time. The authors of a new study published in the Brain and Behavior journal claim that they are the first to "conclusively demonstrate that the perception of time slows down during exercise". Also watch | Gym goers opt for smart mirrors for private training; watch this report × The findings fall in line with previous studies which have found that exercise slows our perception of time. Why our perception of time differs when we exercise? This is because, physical exertion makes our body extra conscious of its discomfort. The sensations of pain are known to slow the passage of time, as we perceive it. How the study was conducted? A team of scientists led by Andrew Mark Edwards from Canterbury Christ Church University in the UK conducted experiments involving 33 male and female active adults who were asked to guess when a 30-second time period was up, without the help of a clock. Also read | Sit, stand, exercise and sleep this much every day for tip-top health At rest, participants thought 30 seconds was up slightly later than the actual ticking clock. But when participants hopped on a stationary bike for a 4-kilometer (2.5-mile) time trial, the perception of time got distorted. Half a minute on the bike felt roughly 8 per cent longer, on average, than what the clock said. What does it mean? According to Edwards "it is exercise per se that significantly distorts time perception" and not the intensity of exercise. "Although the current study provides novel and impactful insights, more work has to be done to further unravel the role of external stimuli, exercise intensity, and duration on the perception of time during exercise," they conclude. (With inputs from agencies)

Science reveals why time in your gym runs slower than outside world

NASA detected two explosions on the sun's surface on Friday (May 10) and Saturday (May 11), which resulted in intense solar flares. The solar explosions that sent electromagnetic radiation rippling toward Earth were captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory.

NASA detected two explosions on the sun's surface on Friday (May 10) and Saturday (May 11), which resulted in intense solar flares. The solar explosions that sent electromagnetic radiation rippling toward Earth were captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory. "The Sun emitted two strong solar flares on May 10-11, 2024, peaking at 9:23 p.m. EDT on May 10, and 7:44 a.m. EDT on May 11. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured images of the events, which were classified as X5.8 and X1.5-class flares," NASA said in a statement. What ensued from these strong solar flares was a celestial extravaganza. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) issued an alarm as the first of multiple coronal mass ejections (CMEs) approached our planet. Also read: Gigantic sunspot, wide enough to fill 15 worlds, hits Earth with powerful X-class solar flare This cosmic spectacle played out for skywatchers all across the world, with beautiful auroras painting the skies in brilliant pink, green, and purple hues. Sky-gazers in northern Europe and Tasmania, Australia, were able to observe this unusual phenomenon. Although fascinating, solar storms may be dangerous for technology infrastructure. Geomagnetic storms may cause fluctuations in magnetic fields, disrupting power grids, communication networks, and satellite operations. The science behind solar flares: Understanding the phenomenon According to the European Space Agency (ESA), a solar flare is a massive explosion on the Sun that occurs when energy trapped in 'twisted' magnetic fields (often above sunspots) is abruptly released. In a short period of time, they may heat the material to temperatures in the millions, causing a sudden release of radiation ranging from radio waves to X-rays and gamma rays. Solar flares are classified by scientists based on their peak brightness at X-ray wavelengths. There are five categories, listed here in order from most intense to least intense are as follows - X-class flares, M-class flares, C-class flares, B-class flares, and A-class flares. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA releases stunning images of solar explosions that triggered solar flares

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States (US) government said on Friday (May 10) that the Earth was hit by the strongest solar storm since 2003.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States (US) government said on Friday (May 10) that the Earth was hit by the strongest solar storm since 2003. "EXTREME (G5) conditions reached Earth at 6:54 pm EDT. Geomagnetic storming is likely to persist through the weekend as several additional Earth-directed Coronal Mass Ejection (CMEs) are in transit," the NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center said in a post on X. The impact The centre said that the storming might impact GPS, power grids, satellite navigation, and other technologies. The centre pointed out that critical infrastructure operators had been notified. Extreme (G5) geomagnetic conditions have been observed! pic.twitter.com/qLsC8GbWus — NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (@NWSSWPC) May 10, 2024 × "The last extreme (G5) event occurred with the Halloween storms in October 2003. That event resulted in power outages in Sweden and damaged transformers in South Africa." The storm could produce northern lights as far as Alabama and Northern California in southern US, according to the NOAA. What is a solar storm? The NOAA stated that solar radiation storms occur when a large-scale magnetic eruption, often causing a coronal mass ejection and associated solar flare, accelerates charged particles in the solar atmosphere to very high velocities. "The most important particles are protons which can get accelerated to large fractions of the speed of light. At these velocities, the protons can traverse the 150 million km from the sun to Earth in just 10’s of minutes or less," it added. The agency also pointed out that even when the storm is over, signals between GPS satellites and ground receivers could be scrambled or lost.

Earth hit by strongest solar storm since 2003; GPS, power grids may be impacted: US agency

A new study has revealed that those who engage in gardening face fewer sleep problems. Published in&nbsp;'Journal of Affective Disorders,'&nbsp;the study highlights how gardening leads to fewer&nbsp;instances of&nbsp;insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and sleep apnoea.

Previous studies have shown how a variety of factors, including heart diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, lead to poor sleep. So, researchers turned their attention towards potential solutions, including gardening.

“According to the Physical Activity Guideline for Americans (2nd edition), gardening is a muscle-strengthening and multicomponent physical activity with one of the lowest injury risks, which is appropriate and recommended for older adults,”&nbsp;said study author Xiang Gao, a dean and distinguished professor at Fudan University.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwi4mtL96IWGAxVpcGwGHUq4CTcQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/sit-stand-exercise-and-sleep-this-much-every-day-for-tip-top-health-717985" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/sit-stand-exercise-and-sleep-this-much-every-day-for-tip-top-health-717985&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi4mtL96IWGAxVpcGwGHUq4CTcQxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE">Sit, stand, exercise and sleep this much every day for tip-top health</a>

“The benefits of gardening for physical and psychological health was well-established. However, the gardening-sleep association among the community population remained unrevealed. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether gardening was associated with sleep complaints,”&nbsp;he&nbsp;added.

To conduct the study, researchers&nbsp;analysed&nbsp;the data of 62,098 adults from 10 different US states. A survey&nbsp;was conducted, in which questions&nbsp;were asked&nbsp;on health behaviours, chronic diseases, and preventive measures, with specific modules on physical activity and sleep complaints examined for this study.

The participants&nbsp;were classified&nbsp;into&nbsp;different&nbsp;groups based on their physical activities, such as non-exercisers, gardeners, and other exercisers.

<h2>Results</h2>

It was revealed&nbsp;that those who engaged in exercises and gardening showed a lower likelihood of experiencing multiple sleep complaints&nbsp;compared to&nbsp;non-exercisers.

Those who engaged in gardening were 42&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;less likely to experience sleep problems. Meanwhile, those who did other exercises were 33&nbsp;per cent&nbsp;less likely to face insomnia.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwi4mtL96IWGAxVpcGwGHUq4CTcQxfQBKAB6BAgJEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/brain-weakens-neuronal-connections-while-you-sleep-but-only-during-first-half-717811" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/brain-weakens-neuronal-connections-while-you-sleep-but-only-during-first-half-717811&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi4mtL96IWGAxVpcGwGHUq4CTcQxfQBKAB6BAgJEAE">Brain weakens neuronal connections while you sleep, but only during first half</a>

“As a valuable non-pharmaceutical intervention and an aerobic physical activity, gardening could be more strongly recommended for adults to&nbsp;minimise&nbsp;their likelihood of sleep complaints,”&nbsp;Gao&nbsp;was quoted as saying&nbsp;by PsyPost.&nbsp; 
 
“The findings encourage the adults to participate in gardening activity, such as watering the field and growing vegetables,”&nbsp;he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

A new study has revealed that those who engage in gardening face fewer sleep problems. Published in 'Journal of Affective Disorders,' the study highlights how gardening leads to fewer instances of insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and sleep apnoea.

A new study has revealed that those who engage in gardening face fewer sleep problems. Published in 'Journal of Affective Disorders,' the study highlights how gardening leads to fewer instances of insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and sleep apnoea. Previous studies have shown how a variety of factors, including heart diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, lead to poor sleep. So, researchers turned their attention towards potential solutions, including gardening. “According to the Physical Activity Guideline for Americans (2nd edition), gardening is a muscle-strengthening and multicomponent physical activity with one of the lowest injury risks, which is appropriate and recommended for older adults,” said study author Xiang Gao, a dean and distinguished professor at Fudan University. Also read: Sit, stand, exercise and sleep this much every day for tip-top health “The benefits of gardening for physical and psychological health was well-established. However, the gardening-sleep association among the community population remained unrevealed. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether gardening was associated with sleep complaints,” he added. To conduct the study, researchers analysed the data of 62,098 adults from 10 different US states. A survey was conducted, in which questions were asked on health behaviours, chronic diseases, and preventive measures, with specific modules on physical activity and sleep complaints examined for this study. The participants were classified into different groups based on their physical activities, such as non-exercisers, gardeners, and other exercisers. Results It was revealed that those who engaged in exercises and gardening showed a lower likelihood of experiencing multiple sleep complaints compared to non-exercisers. Those who engaged in gardening were 42 per cent less likely to experience sleep problems. Meanwhile, those who did other exercises were 33 per cent less likely to face insomnia. Also read: Brain weakens neuronal connections while you sleep, but only during first half “As a valuable non-pharmaceutical intervention and an aerobic physical activity, gardening could be more strongly recommended for adults to minimise their likelihood of sleep complaints,” Gao was quoted as saying by PsyPost. “The findings encourage the adults to participate in gardening activity, such as watering the field and growing vegetables,” he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists find ultimate solution for all sleep disorders: Gardening 

Elephants, like humans, have various greeting cues that they use while meeting friends and loved ones, a new research shows. When they reunite with friends, they greet each other with ear flaps, rumbles and other deliberate sounds and gestures.&nbsp;

The study shows elephants communicate intentionally and also customise their greetings depending on what other elephants are doing. For instance, when another elephant is already paying attention, elephants are more likely to use visual gestures; otherwise, they are more likely to use touch.

The study was published on May 9 in the journal Communications Biology.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/consuming-too-much-salt-can-up-your-cancer-risk-by-40-study-finds-720164">Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds</a>

"For me, it was really exciting to finally do this, to finally understand how they use their bodies to communicate," study lead author Vesta Eleuteri, a graduate student at the University of Vienna, told Live Science. "It's just mind-blowing that they do rely on it so much, but it's so overlooked."

<h2>The art and science of Elephant communication&nbsp;</h2>

Scientists earlier knew that elephants communicate from up to miles away using deep rumbles that are too low for humans to hear but due to their massive years, elephants are able to hear such sounds with ease. Their long trunks are also excellent organs, which allow them to sniff out age, kinship, and even social groups among both elephants and people.

Previous elephant communication research has tended to focus on sound and smell separately, Eleuteri said, rather than on how those and other senses might work together.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-new-cages-of-cages-molecule-that-can-trap-greenhouse-gases-720174">Scientists discover new 'cages of cages' molecule that can trap greenhouse gases</a>

Eleuteri and her team took a different approach. They counted visual gestures, such as ear flapping and trunk reaching along with vocalisations, touches and scent-related behaviours.&nbsp;

The team tracked which gestures and sounds occurred together. They found that low rumble noises were often accompanied by ear flapping. This combination was the most common greeting they recorded.&nbsp;

The recurring combination suggested the elephants wanted to communicate, Eleuteri said. The elephants also usually looked at each other before gesturing, further reinforcing that idea.

Elephant caretakers already had some sense of their social dynamics. They used a proxy for elephant friendship: the "nearest neighbour index." Twice a month, elephant carers checked to see which elephants were standing closest to each other. They eventually chose to study six elephants that were closely bonded.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/research-shows-nearly-half-of-all-cancer-cases-are-linked-to-obesity-720324">Research shows nearly half of all cancer cases are linked to obesity</a>

This study implies that elephants live in complex social worlds, with family groups separating, coming together and keeping track of complex relationships over time, just like humans&nbsp;

"They have long lives like humans. They can live up to 70 years and they have a similar trajectory," Eleuteri said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Elephants, like humans, have various greeting cues that they use while meeting friends and loved ones, a new research shows. When they reunite with friends, they greet each other with ear flaps, rumbles and other deliberate sounds and gestures.

Elephants, like humans, have various greeting cues that they use while meeting friends and loved ones, a new research shows. When they reunite with friends, they greet each other with ear flaps, rumbles and other deliberate sounds and gestures. The study shows elephants communicate intentionally and also customise their greetings depending on what other elephants are doing. For instance, when another elephant is already paying attention, elephants are more likely to use visual gestures; otherwise, they are more likely to use touch. The study was published on May 9 in the journal Communications Biology. Also Read | Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds "For me, it was really exciting to finally do this, to finally understand how they use their bodies to communicate," study lead author Vesta Eleuteri, a graduate student at the University of Vienna, told Live Science. "It's just mind-blowing that they do rely on it so much, but it's so overlooked." The art and science of Elephant communication Scientists earlier knew that elephants communicate from up to miles away using deep rumbles that are too low for humans to hear but due to their massive years, elephants are able to hear such sounds with ease. Their long trunks are also excellent organs, which allow them to sniff out age, kinship, and even social groups among both elephants and people. Previous elephant communication research has tended to focus on sound and smell separately, Eleuteri said, rather than on how those and other senses might work together. Also Read | Scientists discover new 'cages of cages' molecule that can trap greenhouse gases Eleuteri and her team took a different approach. They counted visual gestures, such as ear flapping and trunk reaching along with vocalisations, touches and scent-related behaviours. The team tracked which gestures and sounds occurred together. They found that low rumble noises were often accompanied by ear flapping. This combination was the most common greeting they recorded. The recurring combination suggested the elephants wanted to communicate, Eleuteri said. The elephants also usually looked at each other before gesturing, further reinforcing that idea. Elephant caretakers already had some sense of their social dynamics. They used a proxy for elephant friendship: the "nearest neighbour index." Twice a month, elephant carers checked to see which elephants were standing closest to each other. They eventually chose to study six elephants that were closely bonded. Also Read | Research shows nearly half of all cancer cases are linked to obesity This study implies that elephants live in complex social worlds, with family groups separating, coming together and keeping track of complex relationships over time, just like humans "They have long lives like humans. They can live up to 70 years and they have a similar trajectory," Eleuteri said. (With inputs from agencies)

Elephants greet each other by flapping ears and making little rumbly sounds

Recent research has shown that nearly half of all cancer cases are linked to obesity, making it crucial to stay in shape by exercising and regulating your diet. The research by Sweden's Lund University saw 4.

Recent research has shown that nearly half of all cancer cases are linked to obesity, making it crucial to stay in shape by exercising and regulating your diet. The research by Sweden's Lund University saw 4.1 million participants who were monitored for about 40 years, with close check on their weight and lifestyle, The Telegraph reported on Friday (May 10). Over the period, more than 332,000 cases of cancer were identified. The report said that in 40 per cent of these cases, there appeared to be a link between excess weight and the development of cancer. In total, researchers at the university found 32 types of cancer with an obesity link. The report added that previously, international research identified 13 types of cancer linked to obesity. Also read | Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds The findings of the research will be presented at the European Congress on Obesity in Venice. 'Important public health implications' Researchers said that the study's findings have important public health implications. "Established obesity-related cancers accounted for 25 per cent of all cancer cases in this study, and the proportion increased to 40 per cent when potential obesity-related cancers were added," the researchers said, adding, that a substantial proportion of cancers could potentially be prevented by keeping a normal weight. Professor Jason Halford, president of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), told the publication that the study was a strong, large-scale analysis. Also watch | World's first jab to stop skin cancer being tested × "As always, more research is needed but it reveals what many studying the links between cancer and obesity have suspected; that obesity is likely to be a risk factor for many more types of cancer than we had evidence for before," Professor Halford added. (With inputs from agencies)

Research shows nearly half of all cancer cases are linked to obesity

A scent would have lingered in the air at the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Centre in Virginia if the world's first space-baked cookie that made its debut on Wednesday (May 8) was not enclosed in a case. Crafted from a recipe similar to the DoubleTree by Hilton chocolate chip treats, this cosmic confection has defied the odds by maintaining its aroma even after nearly four and a half years in space.&nbsp;

While lamenting the inability to experience its aroma,&nbsp;Jennifer Levasseur, curator at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, shared, "I can tell you it does still smell like a baked cookie."

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/boeing-starliners-launch-may-end-up-in-something-catastrophic-warns-nasa-contractor-719915">NASA contractor warns of 'disaster on launchpad' during second Starliner launch attempt</a>

Preserving the cookie without compromising its quality proved to be a delicate task.

Encased in a nitrogen-filled enclosure, the cookie remained shielded from moisture and potential degradation, ensuring its longevity.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/a-tiny-section-of-human-brain-reveals-astounding-57000-cells-150mn-neural-connections-719907">A tiny section of human brain reveals astounding 57,000 cells, 150mn neural connections</a>

Levasseur explained, "Because it's in this special enclosure, nobody can smell the cookie now, which is probably for the cookie's benefit because if you were able to smell it that would mean that there might potentially be oxygen penetrating it, and then we'd be going in a direction we don't want to go."&nbsp;

<h2>Cookie's journey&nbsp;</h2>

The cookie's journey began in 2019 with a collaborative effort between Nanoracks (now part of Voyager Space), Hilton, and Zero-G Kitchen to develop an oven suitable for microgravity environments.

After numerous attempts, astronauts finally achieved the perfect cookie texture aboard the International Space Station.

Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/everest-faces-the-challenge-of-overcrowding-commercialisation-hits-mount-everest-hard-719927">Everest faces the challenge of overcrowding, commercialisation hits Mount Everest hard</a>

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Returning to Earth in early 2020, the cookie underwent careful preservation procedures before finding its current home at the Smithsonian.

"We needed to defrost it," said Levasseur.

"So the conservation team did some experiments ahead of time, re-making the recipe and then testing for how long they would need to desiccate it and under what conditions would we need to store it so that we would never have to worry about mold becoming an issue."

"It will reside next to other items related to food consumption inside our recreation of the [International Space Station's] Destiny laboratory module," Levasseur added.

(With inputs from agencies)

A scent would have lingered in the air at the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Centre in Virginia if the world's first space-baked cookie that made its debut on Wednesday (May 8) was not enclosed in a case.

A scent would have lingered in the air at the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Centre in Virginia if the world's first space-baked cookie that made its debut on Wednesday (May 8) was not enclosed in a case. Crafted from a recipe similar to the DoubleTree by Hilton chocolate chip treats, this cosmic confection has defied the odds by maintaining its aroma even after nearly four and a half years in space. While lamenting the inability to experience its aroma, Jennifer Levasseur, curator at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, shared, "I can tell you it does still smell like a baked cookie." Also Read | NASA contractor warns of 'disaster on launchpad' during second Starliner launch attempt Preserving the cookie without compromising its quality proved to be a delicate task. Encased in a nitrogen-filled enclosure, the cookie remained shielded from moisture and potential degradation, ensuring its longevity. Also Read | A tiny section of human brain reveals astounding 57,000 cells, 150mn neural connections Levasseur explained, "Because it's in this special enclosure, nobody can smell the cookie now, which is probably for the cookie's benefit because if you were able to smell it that would mean that there might potentially be oxygen penetrating it, and then we'd be going in a direction we don't want to go." Cookie's journey The cookie's journey began in 2019 with a collaborative effort between Nanoracks (now part of Voyager Space), Hilton, and Zero-G Kitchen to develop an oven suitable for microgravity environments. After numerous attempts, astronauts finally achieved the perfect cookie texture aboard the International Space Station. Watch | Everest faces the challenge of overcrowding, commercialisation hits Mount Everest hard × Returning to Earth in early 2020, the cookie underwent careful preservation procedures before finding its current home at the Smithsonian. "We needed to defrost it," said Levasseur. "So the conservation team did some experiments ahead of time, re-making the recipe and then testing for how long they would need to desiccate it and under what conditions would we need to store it so that we would never have to worry about mold becoming an issue." "It will reside next to other items related to food consumption inside our recreation of the [International Space Station's] Destiny laboratory module," Levasseur added. (With inputs from agencies)

Space cookie still smells fresh after four years. Know how

Scientists from Harvard University, in collaboration with Google's machine learning experts, have meticulously reconstructed a wiring diagram of a minute section of the human brain,&nbsp;an incredibly complex and vital organ that serves as the command centre for the nervous system.

This groundbreaking endeavour has revealed new details of the structure that is comprised of billions of neurons to transmit information through electrical and chemical signals.

The study reportedly focused on a minuscule cubic millimetre of healthy brain tissue extracted from the cortex of a 45-year-old woman undergoing surgery for epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures, which are sudden, brief changes in the brain's electrical activity.

Despite the small size of the tissue, it was a monumental task to map out its wiring diagram for neural circuitry, cellular connections, and vascular support.&nbsp;Using electron microscope images of over 5,000 tissue slices, the researchers unveiled a staggering 57,000 individual cells, 23 centimetres of blood vessels, and&nbsp;150 million neural connections.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/elon-musks-neuralink-human-trial-hits-snag-as-brain-chip-begins-to-detach-719880">Human trial of Elon Musk's Neuralink hits snag as brain chip begins to detach</a>

Professor Jeff Lichtman of molecular and cellular biology at Harvard University said,&nbsp;“The aim was to get a high-resolution view of this most mysterious piece of biology that each of us carries around on our shoulders."

“The reason we haven’t done it before is that it is damn challenging. It really was enormously hard to do this," said Lichtman added.&nbsp;

By employing machine learning algorithms, the team meticulously traced the pathways of neurons and other cells through the tissue sections, a process that would have taken humans years to accomplish manually. The resulting dataset, comprising 1.4 petabytes of data, revealed numerous findings and challenged existing understandings of brain structure and function.

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/health-and-wellness/consumption-of-olive-oil-could-lower-risk-of-dying-from-dementia-study-719850">Consumption of olive oil could lower risk of dying from dementia: Study</a>

“We found many things in this dataset that are not in the textbooks,” Lichtman said.&nbsp;

<h2>Pyramidal neurons</h2>

In the study, one of the intriguing discoveries were of pyramidal neurons that exhibited an unexpected symmetry in their dendritic branching. In addition to this, the presence of tightly wound axon bundles gave details into signal transmission within the brain.&nbsp;

Watch | With ultra-processed foods, one is at higher risk of premature death: Study

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While the prospect of mapping the entire human brain remains daunting, the team is embarking on a collaborative effort with Google to reconstruct the wiring of an entire mouse brain. This endeavour aims to elucidate the neural circuits governing behaviour and decision-making.&nbsp;

“There are really wonderful opportunities, if you have a whole mouse brain, to get insight into free will, even... You know, a mouse is not a robot,"&nbsp;Lichtman said.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists from Harvard University, in collaboration with Google's machine learning experts, have meticulously reconstructed a wiring diagram of a minute section of the human brain, an incredibly complex and vital organ that serves as the command centre for the nervous system.

Scientists from Harvard University, in collaboration with Google's machine learning experts, have meticulously reconstructed a wiring diagram of a minute section of the human brain, an incredibly complex and vital organ that serves as the command centre for the nervous system. This groundbreaking endeavour has revealed new details of the structure that is comprised of billions of neurons to transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. The study reportedly focused on a minuscule cubic millimetre of healthy brain tissue extracted from the cortex of a 45-year-old woman undergoing surgery for epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures, which are sudden, brief changes in the brain's electrical activity. Despite the small size of the tissue, it was a monumental task to map out its wiring diagram for neural circuitry, cellular connections, and vascular support. Using electron microscope images of over 5,000 tissue slices, the researchers unveiled a staggering 57,000 individual cells, 23 centimetres of blood vessels, and 150 million neural connections. Also Read | Human trial of Elon Musk's Neuralink hits snag as brain chip begins to detach Professor Jeff Lichtman of molecular and cellular biology at Harvard University said, “The aim was to get a high-resolution view of this most mysterious piece of biology that each of us carries around on our shoulders." “The reason we haven’t done it before is that it is damn challenging. It really was enormously hard to do this," said Lichtman added. By employing machine learning algorithms, the team meticulously traced the pathways of neurons and other cells through the tissue sections, a process that would have taken humans years to accomplish manually. The resulting dataset, comprising 1.4 petabytes of data, revealed numerous findings and challenged existing understandings of brain structure and function. Also Read | Consumption of olive oil could lower risk of dying from dementia: Study “We found many things in this dataset that are not in the textbooks,” Lichtman said. Pyramidal neurons In the study, one of the intriguing discoveries were of pyramidal neurons that exhibited an unexpected symmetry in their dendritic branching. In addition to this, the presence of tightly wound axon bundles gave details into signal transmission within the brain. Watch | With ultra-processed foods, one is at higher risk of premature death: Study × While the prospect of mapping the entire human brain remains daunting, the team is embarking on a collaborative effort with Google to reconstruct the wiring of an entire mouse brain. This endeavour aims to elucidate the neural circuits governing behaviour and decision-making. “There are really wonderful opportunities, if you have a whole mouse brain, to get insight into free will, even... You know, a mouse is not a robot," Lichtman said. (With inputs from agencies)

A tiny section of human brain reveals astounding 57,000 cells, 150mn neural connections

A NASA contractor has appealed to the space agency to stop the upcoming Boeing Starliner launch because of serious safety concerns being raised with the wares of the aerospace company.

A NASA contractor has appealed to the space agency to stop the upcoming Boeing Starliner launch because of serious safety concerns being raised with the wares of the aerospace company. In a press release, NASA contractor and president of ValveTech, which supplies parts to the agency, said that the officials heard a buzzing sound during the now-scrubbed Starliner launch which is likely to be an indication of something wrong with the transport capsule. "As a valued NASA partner and as valve experts, we strongly urge them not to attempt a second launch due to the risk of a disaster occurring on the launchpad," warned ValveTech president Erin Faville, while speaking to Futurism. "According to media reports, a buzzing sound indicating the leaking valve was noticed by someone walking by the Starliner minutes before launch. This sound could indicate that the valve has passed its lifecycle," he added. Also Read: From countdown to letdown: Sunita Williams' third trip to space delayed as Starliner launch is scrubbed After the buzzing sound was heard just before the first crewed launch attempt of Starliner earlier on May 6, NASA announced that the second attempt wouldn't happen at least before May 17. According to Faville, a lot of steps need to be taken to move away from the worst possible outcomes. "NASA needs to re-double safety checks and re-examine safety protocols," Faville said, adding, "to make sure the Starliner is safe before something catastrophic happens to the astronauts and to the people on the ground." United Launch Alliance pushes back warnings against Boeing Starliner The CEO of United Launch Alliance - the company which has been assigned the task of launching the craft into orbit - strongly refused to heed the warnings on X. "Not sure what to say about this one. Close to none of it is correct: Not urgent. Not leaking. Etc. Remarkable that the particular person quoted doesn't seem to know how this type of valve works," he said. The warnings of ValveTech came not just after the scrubbed Starliner launch but also in the wake of Boeing being embroiled in a controversy which included its parts falling off mid-air, the deaths of two whistleblowers and government investigations. Watch: Boeing Starliner launch postponed | Israel delegation to discuss Hamas proposal According to the press release notes of the company, the launch scrub took place after a November 2023 ruling in which a federal court discovered that a valve from another aerospace company Aerojet Rocketdyne was used by Boeing. Aerojet Rocketdyne is believed to be copying the designs of ValveTech's designs. As per a witness in the trial, the part was not perfect for the job it was meant to do, and as of now, the company has not replaced it. "ValveTech continues to question how NASA, Boeing and Aerojet could have qualified this valve for the mission without proper supporting data or previous history or legacy information, which in its experience, goes against aerospace-industry qualification protocols established by NASA," read the press release. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA contractor warns of 'disaster on launchpad' during second Starliner launch attempt

Scientists have identified a new sort of porous material that is distinct in its molecular structure and has the potential to be utilised to trap carbon dioxide and another, more potent greenhouse gas. They call this substance a "cage of cages."

The material was created in two phases by scientists in the UK and China using reactions to assemble triangular prism-building pieces into bigger, more symmetrical tetrahedral cages. According to the team, this is the first molecular structure of its sort.

The resultant material has a high affinity for attracting and holding greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) due to its abundance of polar molecules. Additionally, it demonstrated outstanding stability in water, which is essential for its application in the industrial context to extract carbon from humid or wet gas streams.

"We need new porous materials to help solve society's biggest challenges, like capturing and storing greenhouse gasses," says Marc Little, a materials scientist at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh and senior author of the paper. "This is an exciting discovery."

Also read:&nbsp;<meta name="uuid" content="uuidaqvhR8vJAcau" /><a href="http://wionews.com/business-economy/red-sea-shipping-diversions-boost-carbon-emissions-equivalent-to-9-mn-cars-716173" target="_blank">Red Sea shipping diversions boost carbon emissions equivalent to 9 mn cars</a>

The novel cage-like material was also shown to have a high absorption of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), the most powerful greenhouse gas according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in lab testing, albeit these tests were not conducted at scale.&nbsp;

Researchers are working on new materials to make direct air capture more efficient and less energy-intensive, and this new substance might be one of them.&nbsp;

Even though the precursor molecules may theoretically assemble themselves, it wasn't a simple task to create a material with such tremendous structural complexity. Researchers refer to this method as supramolecular self-assembly. It requires some fine-tuning since "the best reaction conditions are often not intuitively obvious," as Little and colleagues describe in their published research. However, it can create chemically linked structures from simpler building pieces.

The difficulty of synthesis increases with the final molecule's complexity, and those processes may result in more molecular "scrambling."

In addition to its ability to absorb greenhouse gases, the researchers propose that their new material may also be employed for the elimination of other airborne pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds.

Scientists have identified a new sort of porous material that is distinct in its molecular structure and has the potential to be utilised to trap carbon dioxide and another, more potent greenhouse gas.

Scientists have identified a new sort of porous material that is distinct in its molecular structure and has the potential to be utilised to trap carbon dioxide and another, more potent greenhouse gas. They call this substance a "cage of cages." The material was created in two phases by scientists in the UK and China using reactions to assemble triangular prism-building pieces into bigger, more symmetrical tetrahedral cages. According to the team, this is the first molecular structure of its sort. The resultant material has a high affinity for attracting and holding greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) due to its abundance of polar molecules. Additionally, it demonstrated outstanding stability in water, which is essential for its application in the industrial context to extract carbon from humid or wet gas streams. "We need new porous materials to help solve society's biggest challenges, like capturing and storing greenhouse gasses," says Marc Little, a materials scientist at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh and senior author of the paper. "This is an exciting discovery." Also read: Red Sea shipping diversions boost carbon emissions equivalent to 9 mn cars The novel cage-like material was also shown to have a high absorption of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), the most powerful greenhouse gas according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in lab testing, albeit these tests were not conducted at scale. Researchers are working on new materials to make direct air capture more efficient and less energy-intensive, and this new substance might be one of them. Even though the precursor molecules may theoretically assemble themselves, it wasn't a simple task to create a material with such tremendous structural complexity. Researchers refer to this method as supramolecular self-assembly. It requires some fine-tuning since "the best reaction conditions are often not intuitively obvious," as Little and colleagues describe in their published research. However, it can create chemically linked structures from simpler building pieces. The difficulty of synthesis increases with the final molecule's complexity, and those processes may result in more molecular "scrambling." In addition to its ability to absorb greenhouse gases, the researchers propose that their new material may also be employed for the elimination of other airborne pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds.

Scientists discover new 'cages of cages' molecule that can trap greenhouse gases

A recent study from the Center for Public Health at the University of Vienna could give you pause before reaching for the salt at your next meal.

Researchers found that individuals in the UK who frequently added salt to their meals had a 41 percent higher risk of developing stomach cancer compared to those who used salt sparingly.

While prior research in China, Japan, and Korea has connected a high-salt diet with stomach cancer, this study is among the first to establish the link in Western populations.

While the Austrian study was purely observational, previous research has indicated that excessive salt intake could potentially weaken the protective lining of the stomach, resulting in tissue damage and potentially cancerous changes.

'Our research shows the connection between the frequency of added salt and stomach cancer in Western countries too,' lead author Selma Kronsteiner-Gicevic, a nutritionist at University of Vienna said, as quoted by Daily Mail.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/cutting-salt-from-diet-can-slash-risk-of-heart-problems-by-20-study-629658">Also read |&nbsp;Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds</a>

The recommended daily salt intake might surprise many people. According to the FDA, it's advised to consume no more than 2,300 mg of sodium daily, which roughly equates to about one teaspoon of table salt.

However, due to the prevalence of salt in various food items and the habit of adding additional salt, the average American typically consumes around 3,400 mg per day, as reported by the agency. For instance, a single can of Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup contains approximately 890 mg of salt.

While adding a bit of salt for flavor may seem harmless, consistently exceeding recommended limits could pose health risks, the researchers noted.

To arrive at these findings, researchers from the University of Vienna analyzed data from the UK Biobank, which included 471,144 adults in the United Kingdom. Over an 11-year period, they found that individuals who frequently added salt to their meals were 41 percent more likely to develop stomach cancer compared to those who rarely did so.

This correlation remained significant even after accounting for other factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle choices like alcohol and tobacco use.

Drinking alcohol and smoking can greatly increase your chances of getting stomach cancer, says the American Cancer Society. They predict about 26,890 new cases of stomach cancer in the U.S. for 2024, with around 10,880 people dying from it.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-develop-artificial-brain-cell-using-mix-of-salt-and-water-716336">Also read |&nbsp;Scientists develop artificial brain cell using mix of salt and&nbsp;water</a>

If caught early, stomach cancer has a good chance of being treated - someone with early stomach cancer is 75 percent as likely as someone without cancer to live for five years, according to the NIH. But if it's already spread, that chance drops to 35 percent.

Stomach cancer can develop without you noticing as its symptoms are easy to miss. Early signs like feeling bloated, having an upset stomach, or indigestion can be mistaken for just feeling full after a big meal.

(With inputs from agencies)

A recent study from the Center for Public Health at the University of Vienna could give you pause before reaching for the salt at your next meal. Researchers found that individuals in the UK who frequently added salt to their meals had a 41 percent higher risk of developing stomach cancer compared to those who used salt sparingly.

A recent study from the Center for Public Health at the University of Vienna could give you pause before reaching for the salt at your next meal. Researchers found that individuals in the UK who frequently added salt to their meals had a 41 percent higher risk of developing stomach cancer compared to those who used salt sparingly. While prior research in China, Japan, and Korea has connected a high-salt diet with stomach cancer, this study is among the first to establish the link in Western populations. While the Austrian study was purely observational, previous research has indicated that excessive salt intake could potentially weaken the protective lining of the stomach, resulting in tissue damage and potentially cancerous changes. 'Our research shows the connection between the frequency of added salt and stomach cancer in Western countries too,' lead author Selma Kronsteiner-Gicevic, a nutritionist at University of Vienna said, as quoted by Daily Mail. Also read | Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds The recommended daily salt intake might surprise many people. According to the FDA, it's advised to consume no more than 2,300 mg of sodium daily, which roughly equates to about one teaspoon of table salt. However, due to the prevalence of salt in various food items and the habit of adding additional salt, the average American typically consumes around 3,400 mg per day, as reported by the agency. For instance, a single can of Campbell's Chicken Noodle Soup contains approximately 890 mg of salt. While adding a bit of salt for flavor may seem harmless, consistently exceeding recommended limits could pose health risks, the researchers noted. To arrive at these findings, researchers from the University of Vienna analyzed data from the UK Biobank, which included 471,144 adults in the United Kingdom. Over an 11-year period, they found that individuals who frequently added salt to their meals were 41 percent more likely to develop stomach cancer compared to those who rarely did so. This correlation remained significant even after accounting for other factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle choices like alcohol and tobacco use. Drinking alcohol and smoking can greatly increase your chances of getting stomach cancer, says the American Cancer Society. They predict about 26,890 new cases of stomach cancer in the U.S. for 2024, with around 10,880 people dying from it. Also read | Scientists develop artificial brain cell using mix of salt and water If caught early, stomach cancer has a good chance of being treated - someone with early stomach cancer is 75 percent as likely as someone without cancer to live for five years, according to the NIH. But if it's already spread, that chance drops to 35 percent. Stomach cancer can develop without you noticing as its symptoms are easy to miss. Early signs like feeling bloated, having an upset stomach, or indigestion can be mistaken for just feeling full after a big meal. (With inputs from agencies)

Consuming too much salt can up your cancer risk by 40%, study finds

Elon Musk's Neuralink has faced a significant challenge with its first attempt to implant its chip in a human. On Wednesday (May 8) the company revealed that its device had started detaching from the patient's brain.

<h2>A brain implant</h2>

The patient, Noland Arbaugh, had the Neuralink chip surgically implanted in February, but issues cropped up shortly thereafter, reducing its functionality.

The Guardian reports that the miniature computer's threads were observed to be retracting from the brain.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/first-neuralink-patient-learns-about-brain-implant-through-drunken-phone-call-from-friend-704925">First Neuralink patient heard about brain implant through drunken phone call from friend</a>

"In the weeks following the surgery, a number of threads retracted from the brain, resulting in a net decrease in the number of effective electrodes," said the company in a blog post on its website.

Neuralink, as of now, has not disclosed why this happened. However, in the blog post, it reported that its engineers had refined the implant and restored functionality.

"In response to this change, we modified the recording algorithm to be more sensitive to neural population signals, improved the techniques to translate these signals into cursor movements, and enhanced the user interface. These refinements produced a rapid and sustained improvement in BPS, that has now superseded Noland's initial performance," it said.

<h2>How did the reduced capacity affect the patient?</h2>

Despite the setback, the device continued to operate at a diminished capacity, allowing Arbaugh to control a computer and play chess using his thoughts alone. It did not appear to endanger Noland Arbaugh.

The Wall Street Journal, which first reported the complications, noted that the company considered removing the implant after discovering the detachment.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/role-reversal-humans-to-blame-shocking-study-reveals-humans-infect-animals-twice-as-much-704746">We are the infectors: Humans pass on viruses to animals twice than the other way around!</a>

The experimental Neuralink technology involves embedding a processor and battery in the skull, which is connected to the brain via 64 thin threads. These threads interact with neural signals, allowing the user, in this case, a quadriplegic, to manipulate digital devices like keyboards or mouse cursors.

Arbaugh says that despite the challenges, the implant has significantly impacted his life.

"[The Link] has helped me reconnect with the world, my friends, and my family. It's given me the ability to do things on my own again without needing my family at all hours of the day and night," he said, as quoted in the Neuralink blog post.

(With inputs from agencies)

Elon Musk's Neuralink has faced a significant challenge with its first attempt to implant its chip in a human. On Wednesday (May 8) the company revealed that its device had started detaching from the patient's brain.

Elon Musk's Neuralink has faced a significant challenge with its first attempt to implant its chip in a human. On Wednesday (May 8) the company revealed that its device had started detaching from the patient's brain. A brain implant The patient, Noland Arbaugh, had the Neuralink chip surgically implanted in February, but issues cropped up shortly thereafter, reducing its functionality. The Guardian reports that the miniature computer's threads were observed to be retracting from the brain. Also read | First Neuralink patient heard about brain implant through drunken phone call from friend "In the weeks following the surgery, a number of threads retracted from the brain, resulting in a net decrease in the number of effective electrodes," said the company in a blog post on its website. Neuralink, as of now, has not disclosed why this happened. However, in the blog post, it reported that its engineers had refined the implant and restored functionality. "In response to this change, we modified the recording algorithm to be more sensitive to neural population signals, improved the techniques to translate these signals into cursor movements, and enhanced the user interface. These refinements produced a rapid and sustained improvement in BPS, that has now superseded Noland's initial performance," it said. How did the reduced capacity affect the patient? Despite the setback, the device continued to operate at a diminished capacity, allowing Arbaugh to control a computer and play chess using his thoughts alone. It did not appear to endanger Noland Arbaugh. The Wall Street Journal, which first reported the complications, noted that the company considered removing the implant after discovering the detachment. Also read: We are the infectors: Humans pass on viruses to animals twice than the other way around! The experimental Neuralink technology involves embedding a processor and battery in the skull, which is connected to the brain via 64 thin threads. These threads interact with neural signals, allowing the user, in this case, a quadriplegic, to manipulate digital devices like keyboards or mouse cursors. Arbaugh says that despite the challenges, the implant has significantly impacted his life. "[The Link] has helped me reconnect with the world, my friends, and my family. It's given me the ability to do things on my own again without needing my family at all hours of the day and night," he said, as quoted in the Neuralink blog post. (With inputs from agencies)

Human trial of Elon Musk's Neuralink hits snag as brain chip begins to detach

In a new study, it has been found that an unusual candidate for dark matter, which can be referred to as parasite black holes, is likely to be lurking inside stars and slowly devouring them from the inside. 
 
The study, which was led by astrophysicist Earl Bellinger of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and Yale University, said that teeny tiny black holes – which were created at the dawn of the time – may have been incorporated into Sun-like stars, and are likely to be present at their cores ever since and slowly slurping up the matter and creating more black holes. 
 
The study has further examined how such parasitism would affect the stars and how they can be recognised out there in the Universe if scientists happen to cross them.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/supermassive-black-hole-in-our-galaxy-spinning-rapidly-altering-space-time-around-it-scientists-664371">Supermassive black hole in our galaxy spinning rapidly, altering space-time around it: Scientis</a>ts

"We find that such objects can be surprisingly long-lived, with the lightest black holes having no influence over stellar evolution, while more massive ones consume the star over time to produce a range of observable consequences," said the researchers, in their paper. 
 
"The unique internal structures of stars harbouring black holes may make it possible for asteroseismology to discover them, should they exist,” he added.

<h2>Do tiny black holes really exist?</h2>

The universe is filled with black holes of different sizes. Scientists have spotted black holes with stellar mass ranges which are likely formed from a massive star's core collapse at the end of its life and the mergers that happen. 
 
The universe also has supermassive monsters, which are millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun and are present at the core of every galaxy. The universe also has black holes with masses in between, which are elusive but are emerging in increasing numbers. 
 
However, till now scientists have not been able to find tiny black holes, which have masses similar to planets, moons, or asteroids. There is not enough mass in these objects and hence, the gravity to collapse is as dense as a black hole.

Watch:&nbsp;Milky way's mysteries: The curious case of missing stars

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According to the researchers, they can study various stars to understand the signs of a black hole engine. It is expected that the black hole accretion is likely to produce various acoustic patterns inside the star. 
 
"This presents an opportunity to either discover such objects, or to place bounds on their number and capture rate," stated the researchers. 
 
"The implications for stars in more advanced evolutionary stages, numerical results for stars of different masses and metallicities, and investigations into stellar populations will also be explored in future works,” they added.

(With inputs from agencies)

In a new study, it has been found that an unusual candidate for dark matter, which can be referred to as parasite black holes, is likely to be lurking inside stars and slowly devouring them from the inside.

In a new study, it has been found that an unusual candidate for dark matter, which can be referred to as parasite black holes, is likely to be lurking inside stars and slowly devouring them from the inside. The study, which was led by astrophysicist Earl Bellinger of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and Yale University, said that teeny tiny black holes – which were created at the dawn of the time – may have been incorporated into Sun-like stars, and are likely to be present at their cores ever since and slowly slurping up the matter and creating more black holes. The study has further examined how such parasitism would affect the stars and how they can be recognised out there in the Universe if scientists happen to cross them. Also read: Supermassive black hole in our galaxy spinning rapidly, altering space-time around it: Scientists "We find that such objects can be surprisingly long-lived, with the lightest black holes having no influence over stellar evolution, while more massive ones consume the star over time to produce a range of observable consequences," said the researchers, in their paper. "The unique internal structures of stars harbouring black holes may make it possible for asteroseismology to discover them, should they exist,” he added. Do tiny black holes really exist? The universe is filled with black holes of different sizes. Scientists have spotted black holes with stellar mass ranges which are likely formed from a massive star's core collapse at the end of its life and the mergers that happen. The universe also has supermassive monsters, which are millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun and are present at the core of every galaxy. The universe also has black holes with masses in between, which are elusive but are emerging in increasing numbers. However, till now scientists have not been able to find tiny black holes, which have masses similar to planets, moons, or asteroids. There is not enough mass in these objects and hence, the gravity to collapse is as dense as a black hole. Watch: Milky way's mysteries: The curious case of missing stars According to the researchers, they can study various stars to understand the signs of a black hole engine. It is expected that the black hole accretion is likely to produce various acoustic patterns inside the star. "This presents an opportunity to either discover such objects, or to place bounds on their number and capture rate," stated the researchers. "The implications for stars in more advanced evolutionary stages, numerical results for stars of different masses and metallicities, and investigations into stellar populations will also be explored in future works,” they added. (With inputs from agencies)

Parasite black holes devouring stars from inside, says study

A team of scientists has now discovered that some ancient black holes could be altering the orbit of the Earth.

A team of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has said that swirling masses of matter, known as primordial black holes (PBHs), have been soaring past our solar system at least once in a decade and causing disruptions in planets and moons.&nbsp;

The PBHs, which were created shortly after the Big Bang occurred in the universe nearly 12.8 billion years ago, are as big as a microbe, but they have a density similar to that of an asteroid which can cause orbits to 'wobble.'

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-uncover-18-black-holes-devouring-stars-in-cosmic-feast-685645">Astronomers spot 18 black holes devouring stars in cosmic feast</a>

The claim made by the team suggests that these black holes can also change the distances of planets from the sun or the Earth in a specific period.&nbsp;

The PBHs were proposed by astrophysicist&nbsp;Stephen Hawking and his PhD student Bernard Carr. They had suggested that in the first moments of the Big Bang, the 'lumpy' regions had an extra mass which had been created in the universe and ultimately turned into black holes after collapsing.&nbsp;

<h2>Ancient black holes not yet detected in the universe?</h2>

However, scientists have not yet detected&nbsp;ancient black holes in the universe.&nbsp;

The new study carried out by the scientists is based on the theory that the universe is teeming with PBHs, which means the objects will have to pass by the Earth's cosmic neighbourhood.

Watch:&nbsp;Universe's oldest and farthest black hole ever discovered by Scientists

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The scientists calculated how close to the planet or moon will a PBH have to come in our solar system so that it can alter movement. 
&nbsp; 
A simulation was used by the study which featured all eight planets, more than 1.3 million asteroids, about 300 planetary satellites (like moons) and almost 4,000 comets. The model also included rogue PBHs.

The scientists observed that the orbits of planets and moons altered by several feet if an object, with a mass of an asteroid, came within just two astronomical units from the sun.&nbsp;&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp;

A team of scientists has now discovered that some ancient black holes could be altering the orbit of the Earth. A team of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has said that swirling masses of matter, known as primordial black holes (PBHs), have been soaring past our solar system at least once in a decade and causing disruptions in planets and moons.

A team of scientists has now discovered that some ancient black holes could be altering the orbit of the Earth. A team of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has said that swirling masses of matter, known as primordial black holes (PBHs), have been soaring past our solar system at least once in a decade and causing disruptions in planets and moons. The PBHs, which were created shortly after the Big Bang occurred in the universe nearly 12.8 billion years ago, are as big as a microbe, but they have a density similar to that of an asteroid which can cause orbits to 'wobble.' Also read: Astronomers spot 18 black holes devouring stars in cosmic feast The claim made by the team suggests that these black holes can also change the distances of planets from the sun or the Earth in a specific period. The PBHs were proposed by astrophysicist Stephen Hawking and his PhD student Bernard Carr. They had suggested that in the first moments of the Big Bang, the 'lumpy' regions had an extra mass which had been created in the universe and ultimately turned into black holes after collapsing. Ancient black holes not yet detected in the universe? However, scientists have not yet detected ancient black holes in the universe. The new study carried out by the scientists is based on the theory that the universe is teeming with PBHs, which means the objects will have to pass by the Earth's cosmic neighbourhood. Watch: Universe's oldest and farthest black hole ever discovered by Scientists The scientists calculated how close to the planet or moon will a PBH have to come in our solar system so that it can alter movement. A simulation was used by the study which featured all eight planets, more than 1.3 million asteroids, about 300 planetary satellites (like moons) and almost 4,000 comets. The model also included rogue PBHs. The scientists observed that the orbits of planets and moons altered by several feet if an object, with a mass of an asteroid, came within just two astronomical units from the sun. (With inputs from agencies)

Ancient black holes altering Earth's orbit once in 10 years, claim scientists

Two supermassive black holes, which were discovered in collision-created 'fossil galaxies', are so huge in size that they do not collide and merge in the cosmic space.

This black hole system is present inside the elliptical galaxy B2 0402+379. When the two black holes were weighed jointly by the scientists, it was found that they were 28 billion times heavier than the sun. Hence, this one became the most massive black hole binary ever spotted.&nbsp;

Also, the binary components of the black hole system are the closest in this supermassive black hole pair, with only a distance of 24 light-years between them.

Scientists for the first time have observed a supermassive black hole binary in such detail and tried to understand the two objects separately.&nbsp;

Also Read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/fiery-red-supermassive-black-hole-found-when-universe-was-in-infancy-694718">Scientists find oldest fiery-red supermassive black hole from universe’s infancy</a>

Interestingly, the proximity that the black holes share suggests that they should collide and merge, but they appear to remain locked in the same orbital dance close to each other for more than three billion years.

The team of scientists, who found the binary in the data which was collected by the Gemini North telescope in Hawaii, believe&nbsp;that the supermassive black holes are being stopped from merging because of their tremendous mass.&nbsp;

"Normally, it seems that galaxies with lighter black hole pairs have enough stars and mass to drive the two together quickly," said Roger Romani, a member of the team and physics professor at Stanford University, in a statement.&nbsp;

<h2>Supermassive black holes filled with lots of stars, gas: Scientists&nbsp;</h2>

"Since this pair is so heavy, it required lots of stars and gas to get the job done. But the binary has scoured the central galaxy of such matter, leaving it stalled," he added.

B2 0402+379 is a "fossil cluster" which helps scientists understand what occurs when the stars and gas of an entire galaxy cluster merge and form one single massive galaxy.&nbsp;

Watch:&nbsp;Brightest and hungriest black hole ever detected; It eats one sun a day

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The huge amount of mass at the heart of the two supermassive black holes suggests that they were created by a chain of mergers between smaller black holes as multiple galaxies in the cluster merged together.

Scientists feel that at the heart of most of the galaxies is a supermassive black hole which has a mass equivalent to that of millions or billions of suns.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Two supermassive black holes, which were discovered in collision-created 'fossil galaxies', are so huge in size that they do not collide and merge in the cosmic space.

Two supermassive black holes, which were discovered in collision-created 'fossil galaxies', are so huge in size that they do not collide and merge in the cosmic space. This black hole system is present inside the elliptical galaxy B2 0402+379. When the two black holes were weighed jointly by the scientists, it was found that they were 28 billion times heavier than the sun. Hence, this one became the most massive black hole binary ever spotted. Also, the binary components of the black hole system are the closest in this supermassive black hole pair, with only a distance of 24 light-years between them. Scientists for the first time have observed a supermassive black hole binary in such detail and tried to understand the two objects separately. Also Read: Scientists find oldest fiery-red supermassive black hole from universe’s infancy Interestingly, the proximity that the black holes share suggests that they should collide and merge, but they appear to remain locked in the same orbital dance close to each other for more than three billion years. The team of scientists, who found the binary in the data which was collected by the Gemini North telescope in Hawaii, believe that the supermassive black holes are being stopped from merging because of their tremendous mass. "Normally, it seems that galaxies with lighter black hole pairs have enough stars and mass to drive the two together quickly," said Roger Romani, a member of the team and physics professor at Stanford University, in a statement. Supermassive black holes filled with lots of stars, gas: Scientists "Since this pair is so heavy, it required lots of stars and gas to get the job done. But the binary has scoured the central galaxy of such matter, leaving it stalled," he added. B2 0402+379 is a "fossil cluster" which helps scientists understand what occurs when the stars and gas of an entire galaxy cluster merge and form one single massive galaxy. Watch: Brightest and hungriest black hole ever detected; It eats one sun a day The huge amount of mass at the heart of the two supermassive black holes suggests that they were created by a chain of mergers between smaller black holes as multiple galaxies in the cluster merged together. Scientists feel that at the heart of most of the galaxies is a supermassive black hole which has a mass equivalent to that of millions or billions of suns. (With inputs from agencies)

Two supermassive black holes weigh 28 billion times more than sun: Scientists

Black holes present in the universe have always intrigued astronomers who have tried to unravel the mysteries they encompass within their unknown vastness. Till now many black holes have been discovered by astronomers some of which are only a few times the sun's mass while some are tens of billions of times the mass of our sun.

Black holes present in the universe have always intrigued astronomers who have tried to unravel the mysteries they encompass within their unknown vastness. Till now many black holes have been discovered by astronomers some of which are only a few times the sun's mass while some are tens of billions of times the mass of our sun. It has now been suggested by a group of scientists that NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope can find a class of "featherweight" black holes which may have eluded detection till now. Also Read: Will falling into a black hole take you to fifth dimension? Here's what might actually happen The black holes are formed either when a massive star collapses or when there is a merger of heavy objects in the galaxies. The scientists, however, suspect that smaller "primordial" black holes, which include some with masses similar to that of Earth, may have been formed during the first chaotic moments of the early universe. University of California Santa Cruz's postdoctoral researcher William DeRocco said, "Detecting a population of Earth-mass primordial black holes would be an incredible step for both astronomy and particle physics because these objects can't be formed by any known physical process." He had led the study about how the black holes can be revealed by Roman. How primordial black holes may have been formed? According to scientists, the universe experienced a brief but intense phase when it was born, which is known as inflation when space stretched out faster than the speed of light. In such conditions, the areas which were denser in comparison to the surroundings are likely to have collapsed and formed low-mass primordial black holes. Although, the theory predicts that the smallest ones may have evaporated before the universe reached its present state, those which had masses similar to Earth may have survived. Watch: Gravitas: Cosmic hello from 226 million kilometres Scientists are trying to discover these tiny objects which they believe will have an enormous impact on physics and astronomy. Astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore Kailash Sahu said, "It would affect everything from galaxy formation to the universe's dark matter content to cosmic history." "Confirming their identities will be hard work and astronomers will need a lot of convincing, but it would be well worth it," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA telescope hunts for 'featherweight' black holes which have gone undetected

Scientist J Robert Oppenheimer, whose twentieth-century fame has turned to cinematic acclaim with Christopher Nolan's Oppenheimer, could very well be described as one of the first proponents who pioneered the study of black holes. 
 
This is because, the 'father of the atom bomb' had, along with his University of California Berkeley colleague Hartland S Snyder, published a pioneering paper in 1939 entitled "On Continued Gravitational Contraction," in which equations of Albert Einstein's general relativity and gravity were used to explain how black holes could be born in the universe. 
 
"Oppenheimer proposed the very first collapse model to describe how a star could collapse into a black hole," said Xavier Calmet, a professor of physics at the University of Sussex in England, while speaking to Space.com.

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/hollywood/news-oppenheimer-review-nolans-visually-stunning-epic-fuses-genius-and-guilt-618110">Oppenheimer review: Nolan's visually stunning epic fuses genius and guilt</a>

"This model explains the formation of black holes as a dynamical astrophysical process, the final stage of the evolution of heavy-enough stars. This model is still being used today,” he added. Calmet stated that the model was recently used by him in a paper which described the collapse of black holes when taking into account quantum gravity. 
 
"This model is very significant because it is analytically solvable — solving the equations can be done with pen and paper and does not require numerical work. All the physics is thus easily trackable," he stated. "Yet, despite its simplicity and maybe even crudeness, it is complex enough to describe many of the features of a collapsing star,” he added.

<h2>Oppenheimer vs Einstein</h2>

At a time when Oppenheimer and Snyder were working on the paper which was heavily dependent on the 1915 theory of general relativity, the father of the theory, Einstein, was completing the research which was aimed at proving that black holes do not exist. 
 
However, Oppenheimer and his colleagues are believed to be the first scientists who truly understood the black hole's physical birth. 
 
Three years after publishing the paper, Oppenheimer travelled to Los Alamos where he cemented his place in history and in the public's perception. However, despite his success with atomic bombs, many scientists still like to remember him as the father of black holes.

WATCH |&nbsp;Oppenheimer: A visually stunning epic fuses genius and guilt

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"Oppenheimer made very significant contributions to black hole physics and physics as a whole," Calmet stated. "While the general public may associate his name with the bomb and the Manhattan Project, his contributions to physics and astrophysics are well appreciated by the scientific community. He was one of the leading physicists during his lifetime and was extremely influential, and his seminal work is still relevant today,” he added. 
 
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Scientist J Robert Oppenheimer, whose twentieth-century fame has turned to cinematic acclaim with Christopher Nolan's Oppenheimer, could very well be described as one of the first proponents who pioneered the study of black holes.

Scientist J Robert Oppenheimer, whose twentieth-century fame has turned to cinematic acclaim with Christopher Nolan's Oppenheimer, could very well be described as one of the first proponents who pioneered the study of black holes. This is because, the 'father of the atom bomb' had, along with his University of California Berkeley colleague Hartland S Snyder, published a pioneering paper in 1939 entitled "On Continued Gravitational Contraction," in which equations of Albert Einstein's general relativity and gravity were used to explain how black holes could be born in the universe. "Oppenheimer proposed the very first collapse model to describe how a star could collapse into a black hole," said Xavier Calmet, a professor of physics at the University of Sussex in England, while speaking to Space.com. ALSO READ | Oppenheimer review: Nolan's visually stunning epic fuses genius and guilt "This model explains the formation of black holes as a dynamical astrophysical process, the final stage of the evolution of heavy-enough stars. This model is still being used today,” he added. Calmet stated that the model was recently used by him in a paper which described the collapse of black holes when taking into account quantum gravity. "This model is very significant because it is analytically solvable — solving the equations can be done with pen and paper and does not require numerical work. All the physics is thus easily trackable," he stated. "Yet, despite its simplicity and maybe even crudeness, it is complex enough to describe many of the features of a collapsing star,” he added. Oppenheimer vs Einstein At a time when Oppenheimer and Snyder were working on the paper which was heavily dependent on the 1915 theory of general relativity, the father of the theory, Einstein, was completing the research which was aimed at proving that black holes do not exist. However, Oppenheimer and his colleagues are believed to be the first scientists who truly understood the black hole's physical birth. Three years after publishing the paper, Oppenheimer travelled to Los Alamos where he cemented his place in history and in the public's perception. However, despite his success with atomic bombs, many scientists still like to remember him as the father of black holes. WATCH | Oppenheimer: A visually stunning epic fuses genius and guilt "Oppenheimer made very significant contributions to black hole physics and physics as a whole," Calmet stated. "While the general public may associate his name with the bomb and the Manhattan Project, his contributions to physics and astrophysics are well appreciated by the scientific community. He was one of the leading physicists during his lifetime and was extremely influential, and his seminal work is still relevant today,” he added. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Can Oppenheimer be called 'father of black holes'? This paper holds the answer

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a&nbsp;necessary condition&nbsp;for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet&nbsp;appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable.

Scientists describe the planet as a "super-Earth," larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. This planet circles a star that is dimmer and smaller than our sun. It completes its orbit in around 18 hours.

The existence of the large hostile planet was revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope's infrared scans with two sensors.

"The atmosphere is likely rich in carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, but can also have other gases such as water vapor and sulfur dioxide. The current observations cannot pinpoint the exact atmospheric composition," said planetary scientist Renyu Hu, the lead author of the study published in the journal Nature.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://wionews.com/science/water-world-lava-hell-former-nasa-scientist-hints-at-planets-where-alien-life-may-exist-719735">Water world, lava hell: Former NASA scientist hints at planets where alien life may exist</a>

The atmosphere's thickness was not evident from the Webb data. Hu said that it may be just as thick as Earth's or even thicker.

The planet known as Janssen, or 55 Cancri e, has a diameter of around twice that of Earth and is roughly 8.8 times more massive than Earth. It circles its star at a distance one-fifth that of Mercury. Consequently, the temperature at its surface is around 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit (1,725 degrees Celsius/2,000 degrees Kelvin).

"Indeed, this is one of the hottest-known rocky exoplanets," said astrophysicist and study co-author Brice-Olivier Demory. "There are likely better places for a vacation spot in our galaxy," he added.

The planet is situated in the constellation Cancer, approximately 41 light-years from Earth, within our Milky Way galaxy. &nbsp;

"On Earth, the atmosphere is key for life," Demory said.

"This result on 55 Cnc e entertains the hope that Webb could conduct similar investigations on planets that are much cooler than 55 Cnc e, which could support liquid water at their surface. But we are not there yet," he added.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a necessary condition for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable.

Scientists have found rocky planets outside of our solar system that contain an atmosphere, which is a necessary condition for any chance of sustaining life. However, this planet appears to have a molten rock surface and is inhabitable. Scientists describe the planet as a "super-Earth," larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. This planet circles a star that is dimmer and smaller than our sun. It completes its orbit in around 18 hours. The existence of the large hostile planet was revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope's infrared scans with two sensors. "The atmosphere is likely rich in carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, but can also have other gases such as water vapor and sulfur dioxide. The current observations cannot pinpoint the exact atmospheric composition," said planetary scientist Renyu Hu, the lead author of the study published in the journal Nature. Also read: Water world, lava hell: Former NASA scientist hints at planets where alien life may exist The atmosphere's thickness was not evident from the Webb data. Hu said that it may be just as thick as Earth's or even thicker. The planet known as Janssen, or 55 Cancri e, has a diameter of around twice that of Earth and is roughly 8.8 times more massive than Earth. It circles its star at a distance one-fifth that of Mercury. Consequently, the temperature at its surface is around 3,140 degrees Fahrenheit (1,725 degrees Celsius/2,000 degrees Kelvin). "Indeed, this is one of the hottest-known rocky exoplanets," said astrophysicist and study co-author Brice-Olivier Demory. "There are likely better places for a vacation spot in our galaxy," he added. The planet is situated in the constellation Cancer, approximately 41 light-years from Earth, within our Milky Way galaxy. "On Earth, the atmosphere is key for life," Demory said. "This result on 55 Cnc e entertains the hope that Webb could conduct similar investigations on planets that are much cooler than 55 Cnc e, which could support liquid water at their surface. But we are not there yet," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

'Super-Earth' with atmosphere discovered outside solar system - Is it habitable?

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