<p>Self-driving vehicles could start thinking like humans if claims made by Nvidia in announcing its Alpamayo suite of AI tools and models for autonomous vehicles bear fruit. At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nvidia unveiled new products and services that could potentially turn autonomous vehicles into ‘reasoning vehicles’. The Nvidia technology, along with other innovations, could eventually allow self-driving cars to navigate complex, unpredictable scenarios such as rare traffic edge cases. This would mark a shift from most existing models, which largely follow predefined rules or patterns.</p><h2>Nvidia on self-driving vehicle future: What is the promise?</h2><p>Giving the CES 2026 keynote, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said, “Today, we are introducing Alpamayo, the world’s first thinking model for autonomous driving. Not only does your car drive as you would, it thinks as you would.”<br>Calling Alpamayo "a ChatGPT moment for physical AI”, he said the shift is towards machines that can “understand, reason, and act” in the physical world.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/-could-change-ai-google-gemini-is-performing-strong-even-without-nvidia-gpus-1763599705063">‘Could change AI’: Google Gemini is performing strong even without Nvidia GPUs</a></p><h2>What is Alpamayo? Models, tools, methods and ecosystem explained</h2><p>Alpamayo’s models and tools are designed to help autonomous vehicles reason in a step-by-step manner. The vehicles would, in essence, behave like cars with brains, making decisions in ways closer to human logic. The suite includes open-source AI models, simulation tools, and datasets using reasoning-based approaches.</p><p>Technically called &nbsp;“reasoning-based autonomy”, AI models in this suite would think through rare scenarios, drive safely in complex environments, and explain their driving decisions.&nbsp;</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/catch-and-kill-why-nvidia-s-record-20-billion-deal-with-ai-chip-startup-groq-matters-1766650238332">Catch and kill? Why Nvidia’s record $20 billion deal with AI chip startup Groq matters</a></p><p>Alpamayo 1 is a 10-billion-parameter vision-language-action model that produces driving trajectories along with reasoning that explains its decisions. Another part of the suite is AlpaSim, an open-source, high-fidelity simulation framework for testing autonomous driving behaviour under rare or diverse conditions.</p><p>Powering this technology is the Physical AI Open Datasets, which include more than 1,700 hours of driving data from multiple environments and scenarios. According to Nvidia, the large Alpamayo models act as “teacher” models that can be distilled into smaller models suitable for real-time vehicle deployment.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed</a></p><h2>Behind the tech: How human-like reasoning in Alpamayo works</h2><p>According to Nvidia, Alpamayo will help developers build, fine-tune, test, and validate reasoning-based autonomous driving systems. The company is positioning itself as a platform provider rather than a complete robotaxi solution, a strategy often compared to open-source ecosystems such as Android.</p><p>The process involves analysing camera and sensor video for objects, depth, and motion. The models rely on chain-of-thought reasoning to perform step-by-step evaluations of road situations, similar to how a human driver would judge and reason when detecting an obstacle and deciding whether to slow down or change lanes.</p><p>The models would be validated through retraining and simulation-based testing of complex scenarios.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/what-would-happen-to-nvidia-if-china-attacked-taiwan-today-a-factual-breakdown-of-the-worst-case-scenario-1764335291497">What would happen to NVIDIA if China attacked Taiwan today? A factual breakdown of the worst case scenario</a></p><h2>Artificial general intelligence in self-driving vehicles: How near are we to this future?</h2><p>Human-like reasoning would require breakthroughs in artificial general intelligence, or AGI, which is the next level of AI. Nvidia has set 2028 as the target for point-to-point self-driving features in consumer vehicles, with robotaxi testing expected to begin in 2027.</p><p>However, there is scepticism. Ride-hailing apps like Lyft said there is “zero likelihood” of reasoning-based self-driving vehicles fully replacing human drivers in the near term. Regulatory, safety, and technical challenges also remain significant hurdles.</p><h2>When will self-reasoning vehicles roll out?</h2><p>Automakers and industry players such as Jaguar Land Rover, Lucid, Uber, and Berkeley DeepDrive have shown interest in Alpamayo. Nvidia expects early real-world integrations to begin in the first quarter of this year.</p>

Nvidia’s Alpamayo AI suite aims to help self-driving cars reason like humans, handling complex traffic scenarios through step-by-step decision-making. Here is what you should know


Self-driving vehicles could start thinking like humans if claims made by Nvidia in announcing its Alpamayo suite of AI tools and models for autonomous vehicles bear fruit. At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nvidia unveiled new products and services that could potentially turn autonomous vehicles into ‘reasoning vehicles’. The Nvidia technology, along with other innovations, could eventually allow self-driving cars to navigate complex, unpredictable scenarios such as rare traffic edge cases. This would mark a shift from most existing models, which largely follow predefined rules or patterns. Nvidia on self-driving vehicle future: What is the promise? Giving the CES 2026 keynote, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said, “Today, we are introducing Alpamayo, the world’s first thinking model for autonomous driving. Not only does your car drive as you would, it thinks as you would.” Calling Alpamayo "a ChatGPT moment for physical AI”, he said the shift is towards machines that can “understand, reason, and act” in the physical world. Also read: ‘Could change AI’: Google Gemini is performing strong even without Nvidia GPUs What is Alpamayo? Models, tools, methods and ecosystem explained Alpamayo’s models and tools are designed to help autonomous vehicles reason in a step-by-step manner. The vehicles would, in essence, behave like cars with brains, making decisions in ways closer to human logic. The suite includes open-source AI models, simulation tools, and datasets using reasoning-based approaches. Technically called “reasoning-based autonomy”, AI models in this suite would think through rare scenarios, drive safely in complex environments, and explain their driving decisions. Also read: Catch and kill? Why Nvidia’s record $20 billion deal with AI chip startup Groq matters Alpamayo 1 is a 10-billion-parameter vision-language-action model that produces driving trajectories along with reasoning that explains its decisions. Another part of the suite is AlpaSim, an open-source, high-fidelity simulation framework for testing autonomous driving behaviour under rare or diverse conditions. Powering this technology is the Physical AI Open Datasets, which include more than 1,700 hours of driving data from multiple environments and scenarios. According to Nvidia, the large Alpamayo models act as “teacher” models that can be distilled into smaller models suitable for real-time vehicle deployment. https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed Behind the tech: How human-like reasoning in Alpamayo works According to Nvidia, Alpamayo will help developers build, fine-tune, test, and validate reasoning-based autonomous driving systems. The company is positioning itself as a platform provider rather than a complete robotaxi solution, a strategy often compared to open-source ecosystems such as Android. The process involves analysing camera and sensor video for objects, depth, and motion. The models rely on chain-of-thought reasoning to perform step-by-step evaluations of road situations, similar to how a human driver would judge and reason when detecting an obstacle and deciding whether to slow down or change lanes. The models would be validated through retraining and simulation-based testing of complex scenarios. Also read: What would happen to NVIDIA if China attacked Taiwan today? A factual breakdown of the worst case scenario Artificial general intelligence in self-driving vehicles: How near are we to this future? Human-like reasoning would require breakthroughs in artificial general intelligence, or AGI, which is the next level of AI. Nvidia has set 2028 as the target for point-to-point self-driving features in consumer vehicles, with robotaxi testing expected to begin in 2027. However, there is scepticism. Ride-hailing apps like Lyft said there is “zero likelihood” of reasoning-based self-driving vehicles fully replacing human drivers in the near term. Regulatory, safety, and technical challenges also remain significant hurdles. When will self-reasoning vehicles roll out? Automakers and industry players such as Jaguar Land Rover, Lucid, Uber, and Berkeley DeepDrive have shown interest in Alpamayo. Nvidia expects early real-world integrations to begin in the first quarter of this year.

<p>Nvidia’s Alpamayo AI suite aims to help self-driving cars reason like humans, handling complex traffic scenarios through step-by-step decision-making. Here is what you should know<br>&nbsp;</p>

Autonomous vehicles will ‘drive like humans’ soon. Why Nvidia’s Alpamayo could be the ‘ChatGPT of self-driving’

<p>Nicolás Maduro is in US custody. In a span of over 48 hours, he went from being president of Venezuela to being extracted from his own capital city Caracas, taken blindfolded—first to a ship and then an aircraft— prep-walked before media and photographed, and 'showcased in the back of an open vehicle in New York, to standing trial in a court in the American city. To much of the shocked world, this is an act of humiliation. President Donald Trump's idea of the US 'running Venezuela' and 'managing' its oil could lead to more deaths, destruction, and chaos. Indignation and hurt to national pride could unite the people of Venezuela, only to bring back another socialist regime after a long guerrilla war. Here is a prognosis, based on expert opinion and the history of US interventions in Latin America.</p><h2>US involvement in Venezuela: A recipe for disaster?</h2><p>A deeper involvement of the US—either as an occupier or as manager of the Venezuelan oil or economy—is sure to exacerbate violence and chaos, according to experts. Organisations like the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) have condemned unilateral US military intervention, saying it would undermine a peaceful democratic transition and risk broader regional instability.</p><p>The January 3 overnight attack on Venezuela has already raised serious questions about violation of international norms and could provoke prolonged conflict.</p><p>There is a view that the drug-trafficking allegations against Maduro—which are cited as the reason for his extraction—are "flimsy" and do not justify intervention. Analysts warned that such pretexts echo past failed policies and could position the US as a "rogue state" in global eyes.</p><p>Global reactions underscored this: Many Latin American and world leaders decried the strike on Caracas that culminated in Maduro's detention as violation of international law, predicting resentment and unification of adversaries in Venezuela against the US.</p><p>Targeting Maduro selectively ignored other brutal regimes worldwide, suggesting the move is more about power projection and greed for Venezuela's covted oil and natural resources than justice.</p><p>Experts noted that Venezuela's alliances with US adversaries like Russia, Iran, China and Cuba could give it external support, complicating any occupation. This could turn into a quagmire for the US, akin to Afghanistan or Iraq.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/wion-breaking-first-video-shows-nicolas-maduro-in-us-custody-1767500472950/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/wion-breaking-first-video-shows-nicolas-maduro-in-us-custody-1767500472950/embed</a></p><h2>What could follow: Smooth transition, guerrilla warfare, or a return to socialism?</h2><p>Fears have been expressed already that any US occupation would likely unite the disparate factions of Venezuelan politics: Chavistas (followers of Hugo Chávez's ideology), nationalists, and even some opposition groups under an anti-imperialist banner.&nbsp;</p><p>Venezuela's military, though weakened by economic collapse, is reportedly preparing for asymmetric guerrilla warfare, dispersing units and leveraging armed groups to resist conventional forces. A protracted insurgency is likely, and could cause thousands of deaths, infrastructure destruction, and humanitarian crises.</p><p>Occupation of the nation, as the US envisages, could prove practically impossible given Venezuela's vast terrain and impoverished economy despite being oil-rich. The deep-seated Bolivarian socialist legacy under Hugo Chávez would frame any American intervention as colonial theft of resources.</p><p>Socialist networks could be mobilised domestically, regionally and globally as seen in rapid pro-Maduro activism by US-based groups following the recent events.</p><h2>We have been here before: How US interventions in Latin America panned out</h2><p>The US has a long history of intervening in Latin American countries, ostensibly to promote democracy, combat threats, or secure its economic interests. Most of these caused widespread deaths and long-term instability in the relevant countries. Resentment against the US united local populations against perceived imperialism and new-age colonialism. Resistance to American activities often paved the way for revolutionary or leftist regimes to gain or retake power.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/venezuela-president-captured-us-forces-dragged-maduro-and-his-wife-cilia-flores-from-their-bedroom-during-the-operation-1767455345070">Venezuela President captured: US forces dragged Maduro and his wife Cilia Flores from their bedroom during the operation</a></p><p><br>The 1954, a CIA-orchestrated coup in Guatemala ousted democratically elected President Jacobo Árbenz. It led to decades of civil war, authoritarian rule, and an estimated 200,000 deaths, much of it fuelled by anti-US sentiment.</p><p>US support for the 1973 coup in Chile against the Salvador Allende government installed the Augusto Pinochet regime. The dictator killed thousands and tortured tens of thousands. It sowed seeds of political revolution that eventually shifted the nation back toward progressive governments.</p><p>In Nicaragua during the 1980s, the US backed the Contra rebels against the Sandinista government, prolonging a brutal civil war that caused an estimated 30,000 deaths and economic devastation. Despite that, the Sandinistas returned to power democratically in 2006 amid lingering anti-imperialist fervour.</p><p>This falls into a familiar pattern seen since the early 20th century. Since Cold War days, US intervened in Cuba, Panama, and other nations under the guise of "strategic denial" or protecting US interests. This often escalated into prolonged conflicts and crises, leading to regional backlash.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-illegal-act-iran-slams-capture-of-maduro-vows-ties-with-venezuela-remain-unchanged-1767603055944">‘Illegal act’: Iran slams capture of Maduro, vows ties with Venezuela remain unchanged</a></p><h2>US is not a stablising force in Latin America</h2><p>As one analyst put it, the US actions generated needless resentment in the region and called into question its real commitment to democracy and self-determination, often leading to cycles of instability rather than stability.</p><p>Trump's plans for "running" Venezuela would likely follow a similar trajectory. This could set the stage for the resurgence of socialist ideologies popularised by Maduro and his predecessor, Hugo Chávez. The future could echo Nicaragua's Sandinista revival or Bolivia's return to MAS rule after US-backed interventions. The cycle of intervention, resistance, and ideological resurgence has been a hallmark of Latin American history and the US role in it. Venezuela's strong anti-Yankee sentiment, amplified by Maduro's alliances, makes this outcome probable.</p>

The US extraction of Nicolás Maduro risks repeating its failed Latin American interventions. Trump's plans to ‘run the country’ could fuel nationalism, guerrilla conflict, and a resurgence of socialism while destabilising Venezuela and the wider region.

Nicolás Maduro is in US custody. In a span of over 48 hours, he went from being president of Venezuela to being extracted from his own capital city Caracas, taken blindfolded—first to a ship and then an aircraft— prep-walked before media and photographed, and 'showcased in the back of an open vehicle in New York, to standing trial in a court in the American city. To much of the shocked world, this is an act of humiliation. President Donald Trump's idea of the US 'running Venezuela' and 'managing' its oil could lead to more deaths, destruction, and chaos. Indignation and hurt to national pride could unite the people of Venezuela, only to bring back another socialist regime after a long guerrilla war. Here is a prognosis, based on expert opinion and the history of US interventions in Latin America. US involvement in Venezuela: A recipe for disaster? A deeper involvement of the US—either as an occupier or as manager of the Venezuelan oil or economy—is sure to exacerbate violence and chaos, according to experts. Organisations like the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) have condemned unilateral US military intervention, saying it would undermine a peaceful democratic transition and risk broader regional instability. The January 3 overnight attack on Venezuela has already raised serious questions about violation of international norms and could provoke prolonged conflict. There is a view that the drug-trafficking allegations against Maduro—which are cited as the reason for his extraction—are "flimsy" and do not justify intervention. Analysts warned that such pretexts echo past failed policies and could position the US as a "rogue state" in global eyes. Global reactions underscored this: Many Latin American and world leaders decried the strike on Caracas that culminated in Maduro's detention as violation of international law, predicting resentment and unification of adversaries in Venezuela against the US. Targeting Maduro selectively ignored other brutal regimes worldwide, suggesting the move is more about power projection and greed for Venezuela's covted oil and natural resources than justice. Experts noted that Venezuela's alliances with US adversaries like Russia, Iran, China and Cuba could give it external support, complicating any occupation. This could turn into a quagmire for the US, akin to Afghanistan or Iraq. https://www.wionews.com/videos/wion-breaking-first-video-shows-nicolas-maduro-in-us-custody-1767500472950/embed What could follow: Smooth transition, guerrilla warfare, or a return to socialism? Fears have been expressed already that any US occupation would likely unite the disparate factions of Venezuelan politics: Chavistas (followers of Hugo Chávez's ideology), nationalists, and even some opposition groups under an anti-imperialist banner. Venezuela's military, though weakened by economic collapse, is reportedly preparing for asymmetric guerrilla warfare, dispersing units and leveraging armed groups to resist conventional forces. A protracted insurgency is likely, and could cause thousands of deaths, infrastructure destruction, and humanitarian crises. Occupation of the nation, as the US envisages, could prove practically impossible given Venezuela's vast terrain and impoverished economy despite being oil-rich. The deep-seated Bolivarian socialist legacy under Hugo Chávez would frame any American intervention as colonial theft of resources. Socialist networks could be mobilised domestically, regionally and globally as seen in rapid pro-Maduro activism by US-based groups following the recent events. We have been here before: How US interventions in Latin America panned out The US has a long history of intervening in Latin American countries, ostensibly to promote democracy, combat threats, or secure its economic interests. Most of these caused widespread deaths and long-term instability in the relevant countries. Resentment against the US united local populations against perceived imperialism and new-age colonialism. Resistance to American activities often paved the way for revolutionary or leftist regimes to gain or retake power. Also read: Venezuela President captured: US forces dragged Maduro and his wife Cilia Flores from their bedroom during the operation The 1954, a CIA-orchestrated coup in Guatemala ousted democratically elected President Jacobo Árbenz. It led to decades of civil war, authoritarian rule, and an estimated 200,000 deaths, much of it fuelled by anti-US sentiment. US support for the 1973 coup in Chile against the Salvador Allende government installed the Augusto Pinochet regime. The dictator killed thousands and tortured tens of thousands. It sowed seeds of political revolution that eventually shifted the nation back toward progressive governments. In Nicaragua during the 1980s, the US backed the Contra rebels against the Sandinista government, prolonging a brutal civil war that caused an estimated 30,000 deaths and economic devastation. Despite that, the Sandinistas returned to power democratically in 2006 amid lingering anti-imperialist fervour. This falls into a familiar pattern seen since the early 20th century. Since Cold War days, US intervened in Cuba, Panama, and other nations under the guise of "strategic denial" or protecting US interests. This often escalated into prolonged conflicts and crises, leading to regional backlash. Also read: ‘Illegal act’: Iran slams capture of Maduro, vows ties with Venezuela remain unchanged US is not a stablising force in Latin America As one analyst put it, the US actions generated needless resentment in the region and called into question its real commitment to democracy and self-determination, often leading to cycles of instability rather than stability. Trump's plans for "running" Venezuela would likely follow a similar trajectory. This could set the stage for the resurgence of socialist ideologies popularised by Maduro and his predecessor, Hugo Chávez. The future could echo Nicaragua's Sandinista revival or Bolivia's return to MAS rule after US-backed interventions. The cycle of intervention, resistance, and ideological resurgence has been a hallmark of Latin American history and the US role in it. Venezuela's strong anti-Yankee sentiment, amplified by Maduro's alliances, makes this outcome probable.

<p>The US extraction of Nicolás Maduro risks repeating its failed Latin American interventions. Trump's plans to ‘run the country’ could fuel nationalism, guerrilla conflict, and a resurgence of socialism while destabilising Venezuela and the wider region.</p>

Carcasses in Caracas: US 'running' Venezuela is a bad idea, and we've seen that movie before. How it failed in Latin America

<p>Critics are claiming that President Donald Trump hurriedly ordered a military operation in Venezuela to extract its leader Nicolas Maduro to the US in order to tide over scandalous headlines surrounding the Epstein file release. For a president averse to foreign military interventions and who claims to have solved “eight and a quarter” wars, the Venezuela military operation of January 3 was as stunning as it was successful. But the development came amid discontent within Trump’s own support base about how his administration dealt with the release of the Epstein files, exposing connections of the late paedophile- trafficker to many politicians, including Trump. As more allegations tumbled out, some in his MAGA base were slowly turning against him. With midterm elections approaching and control of Congress at stake, Trump definitely needed a change of headlines. If Maduro was the scapegoat for that, it would not be the first time such an action was taken by a beleaguered president. Trump is only acting like some of his predecessors, who intervened abroad when pressured by domestic issues.</p><h2>Trump Venezuela opration: The timing is odd, or is it clever?</h2><p>Illinois Governor JB Pritzker had already warned that Trump might escalate to war with Venezuela to shift focus from Epstein-related scrutiny. House Oversight Democrats noted the convenient timing of the strikes, coinciding with Epstein file deadlines. &nbsp;</p><p>Political commentators like James Carville explicitly accused Trump of using the Venezuela operation as a desperate distraction from the Epstein controversy, economic issues and rising cost of living in the US.<br>Some criticised Trump for violating both the US Constitution and international law for personal gain.&nbsp;</p><p>Democratic Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez called the operation a distraction from Epstein, not narcotics, which is being cited as the reason for the Maduro extraction.</p><p>Some Democrats labelled it a regime change effort tied to oil interests.&nbsp;</p><p>Even some Republicans like Representative Thomas Massie called it unconstitutional.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed</a></p><h2>Social media awash with claims on Trump Venezuela attack - Epstein file coincidence</h2><p>In online debates, a prominent view was that the Venezuela strikes are a deliberate diversion from the Epstein files, with X user saying that invading Venezuela would make people forget the Epstein files. Interestingly, the keywords 'Epstein files' went down in online search trends almost overnight when the Venezuela strikes took place. Online commentary ranged from 'it’s all about Epstein' to speculation that Venezuela’s oil was the secondary motive for the attack.</p><p>But some Trump supporters are dismissing the criticism as 'liberal spin'.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/maduro-captured-a-new-polymarket-account-made-436-759-overnight-on-operation-absolute-resolve-1767586669789">Maduro captured: A new Polymarket account made $436,759 overnight on Operation Absolute Resolve. A wild guess?</a></p><h2>Trump's role in Epstein files</h2><p>Trump has been mentioned in the Epstein files several times, mainly as having been part of the late financier’s social circle. No new criminal charges have stemmed from the files, but Trump’s Department of Justice faces deadlines to explain redactions and release more details. These demands came just around the time of the Venezuela attack.</p><p>But Trump had for long expressed interest in intervening in Venezuela, starting from his first term in office. He had often discussed seizing its oil reserves which are among the world’s largest. Even as Epstein file pressure was building up, Trump escalated rhetoric against Venezuela including threats over disputed oil fields and invoking the Alien Enemies Act for deportations of Venezuelans in the United States. This was seen as laying groundwork for the eventual military action that followed.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/live-blog-us-venezuela-conflict-live-updates-maduro-jailed-trump-us-strikes-in-caracas-1767584039309">US-Venezuela conflict LIVE updates: Iran calls for release of Venezuela's Maduro</a></p><h2>How past presidents acted abroad when faced with domestic crises</h2><p>This is not the first time that, when faced with domestic issues, scandals and a slowing economy, American presidents chose to change the headlines by making military interventions abroad.</p><p>In 1998, Democratic President Bill Clinton was mired in the Monica Lewinsky scandal and impeachment proceedings over his affair with the intern. Out of the blue, Clinton authorised missile strikes on alleged al-Qaeda targets in Sudan and Afghanistan. This happened after US embassy bombings in Africa. But even then, the timing was suspect. Republicans called it a 'wag the dog' tactic to distract from domestic scandals. Clinton insisted that the air strikes were a necessary response to terrorism.</p><p>In the early 2000s, Republican President George W Bush was facing a number of issues including criticism for not predicting and properly tackling the 9/11 terror attack of 2001. As he was fighting for another term, the Bush administration made a buildup against Iraq, saying it was acquiring weapons of mass destruction. This was used as an alibi to invade Iraq, only to discover that there were no such weapons.</p><p>In 1986, Republican President Ronald Reagan bombed Libya. While this was ostensibly in response to a terror bombing of a Berlin cafe that killed American servicemen, it took place as Reagan’s presidency faced criticism over the Iran-Contra affair, approach to terrorism, &nbsp;concerns over economy and the then-unfolding HIV/AIDS crisis.&nbsp;</p>

After Trump’s January 3 Venezuela operation to capture Nicolás Maduro, his critics allege that it was a  tactic to deflect from the Epstein file releases row. If that's the case, it's not something new: US presidents have a history of using foreign actions to shift domestic attention.

Critics are claiming that President Donald Trump hurriedly ordered a military operation in Venezuela to extract its leader Nicolas Maduro to the US in order to tide over scandalous headlines surrounding the Epstein file release. For a president averse to foreign military interventions and who claims to have solved “eight and a quarter” wars, the Venezuela military operation of January 3 was as stunning as it was successful. But the development came amid discontent within Trump’s own support base about how his administration dealt with the release of the Epstein files, exposing connections of the late paedophile- trafficker to many politicians, including Trump. As more allegations tumbled out, some in his MAGA base were slowly turning against him. With midterm elections approaching and control of Congress at stake, Trump definitely needed a change of headlines. If Maduro was the scapegoat for that, it would not be the first time such an action was taken by a beleaguered president. Trump is only acting like some of his predecessors, who intervened abroad when pressured by domestic issues. Trump Venezuela opration: The timing is odd, or is it clever? Illinois Governor JB Pritzker had already warned that Trump might escalate to war with Venezuela to shift focus from Epstein-related scrutiny. House Oversight Democrats noted the convenient timing of the strikes, coinciding with Epstein file deadlines. Political commentators like James Carville explicitly accused Trump of using the Venezuela operation as a desperate distraction from the Epstein controversy, economic issues and rising cost of living in the US. Some criticised Trump for violating both the US Constitution and international law for personal gain. Democratic Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez called the operation a distraction from Epstein, not narcotics, which is being cited as the reason for the Maduro extraction. Some Democrats labelled it a regime change effort tied to oil interests. Even some Republicans like Representative Thomas Massie called it unconstitutional. https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed Social media awash with claims on Trump Venezuela attack - Epstein file coincidence In online debates, a prominent view was that the Venezuela strikes are a deliberate diversion from the Epstein files, with X user saying that invading Venezuela would make people forget the Epstein files. Interestingly, the keywords 'Epstein files' went down in online search trends almost overnight when the Venezuela strikes took place. Online commentary ranged from 'it’s all about Epstein' to speculation that Venezuela’s oil was the secondary motive for the attack. But some Trump supporters are dismissing the criticism as 'liberal spin'. Also read: Maduro captured: A new Polymarket account made $436,759 overnight on Operation Absolute Resolve. A wild guess? Trump's role in Epstein files Trump has been mentioned in the Epstein files several times, mainly as having been part of the late financier’s social circle. No new criminal charges have stemmed from the files, but Trump’s Department of Justice faces deadlines to explain redactions and release more details. These demands came just around the time of the Venezuela attack. But Trump had for long expressed interest in intervening in Venezuela, starting from his first term in office. He had often discussed seizing its oil reserves which are among the world’s largest. Even as Epstein file pressure was building up, Trump escalated rhetoric against Venezuela including threats over disputed oil fields and invoking the Alien Enemies Act for deportations of Venezuelans in the United States. This was seen as laying groundwork for the eventual military action that followed. Also read: US-Venezuela conflict LIVE updates: Iran calls for release of Venezuela's Maduro How past presidents acted abroad when faced with domestic crises This is not the first time that, when faced with domestic issues, scandals and a slowing economy, American presidents chose to change the headlines by making military interventions abroad. In 1998, Democratic President Bill Clinton was mired in the Monica Lewinsky scandal and impeachment proceedings over his affair with the intern. Out of the blue, Clinton authorised missile strikes on alleged al-Qaeda targets in Sudan and Afghanistan. This happened after US embassy bombings in Africa. But even then, the timing was suspect. Republicans called it a 'wag the dog' tactic to distract from domestic scandals. Clinton insisted that the air strikes were a necessary response to terrorism. In the early 2000s, Republican President George W Bush was facing a number of issues including criticism for not predicting and properly tackling the 9/11 terror attack of 2001. As he was fighting for another term, the Bush administration made a buildup against Iraq, saying it was acquiring weapons of mass destruction. This was used as an alibi to invade Iraq, only to discover that there were no such weapons. In 1986, Republican President Ronald Reagan bombed Libya. While this was ostensibly in response to a terror bombing of a Berlin cafe that killed American servicemen, it took place as Reagan’s presidency faced criticism over the Iran-Contra affair, approach to terrorism, concerns over economy and the then-unfolding HIV/AIDS crisis.

<p>After Trump’s January 3 Venezuela operation to capture Nicolás Maduro, his critics allege that it was a &nbsp;tactic to deflect from the Epstein file releases row. If that's the case, it's not something new: US presidents have a history of using foreign actions to shift domestic attention.</p>

Change the headline: Did Trump extract Maduro to divert attention from Epstein files fallout? Clinton, Bush, Reagan took similar actions

<p>India was among the largest buyers of Venezuelan oil before US sanctions sharply curtailed trade. Imports largely halted after 2020 amid American sanctions and military actions, which culminated in the removal of its president Nicholas Maduro, who will now stand trial in the US. Several Indian companies – both state-owned and/or listed &nbsp;– have been in business with Venezuela, particularly in the oil and gas sector. After the extraction of Maduro to the US, President Donald Trump revealed plans to “run” the Latin American country. Any such major change would have both short- and long-term consequences for the Indian companies as well as its energy security. Some of it could be actually positive. Here is a roundup:</p><h2>India and developments in Venezuala</h2><p>Indian markets appear to have largely shrugged off, or factored in, developments related to Venezuela. Oil-linked stocks such as Reliance showed strength, reflecting potential upside rather than immediate losses. But in the long term, if the US gives priority to American firms, it might limit Indian companies' gains.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed</a></p><h2>Indian companies in the oil and gas sector with exposure to Venezuela</h2><p>ONGC Videsh, an unlisted subsidiary of state-run Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, has stakes in two Venezuelan oil projects: 40 per cent in the San Cristóbal field and 11 per cent in Carabobo-1. The state-owned and listed Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) is a consortium partner in the Carabobo heavy-oil project with equity participation. Oil India, a listed Indian state-run oil company, is a minority partner in a Venezuelan oil joint venture alongside ONGC Videsh and IOC.</p><p>In the private sector, Reliance Industries has been a major importer of Venezuelan crude in the past, with its refineries optimised for heavy oil processing. Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals (MRPL), a listed firm, has historically imported Venezuelan oil, while Nayara Energy, an unlisted company, has imported heavy crude from Venezuela in earlier periods.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/live-blog-us-venezuela-conflict-live-updates-maduro-jailed-trump-us-strikes-in-caracas-1767584039309">US-Venezuela conflict LIVE updates: Venezuela sets commission to bring back Maduro amid Trump's warning to Cuba, Mexico, Columbia, Iran</a></p><h2>Indian pharma sector firms with exposure to Venezuela</h2><p>Several pharma companies, mostly listed in the Indian stock market, have business interests in Venezuela. Their stocks could be partially affected by any disruption or revival of trade.</p><p>Sun Pharma operates a registered subsidiary in Venezuela. Cipla has exported essential medicines to Venezuela, while Glenmark Pharma operates through a locally registered subsidiary. Smaller unlisted firms such as Addii Biotech, JoinHub Pharma, and Salvavidas Pharma have been involved in pharma exports, contributing to millions of dollars in annual pharma trade with Venezuela in recent years. Dr Reddy’s had a subsidiary in the country but divested its operations by 2024, resulting in minimal ongoing exposure.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-bus-driver-to-president-the-story-of-venezuelan-president-nicolas-maduro-1767558410299">From bus driver to President: The story of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro</a></p><h2>Metals, industrial and engineering sector firms exposed to Venezuela</h2><p>Public-sector firm Engineers India (EIL) has had an overseas office in Caracas to support its international business. Jindal Steel and Power has had iron-ore exposure in Venezuela through overseas assets, though operations have been inconsistent. Bajaj Auto had a historical presence in the Venezuelan motorcycle market, but recent years have seen limited operations due to the country’s economic conditions.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/-capture-of-nicholas-maduro-is-it-legal-to-kidnap-a-president-of-another-country-like-venezuela-1767437573552">'Capture of Nicholas Maduro': Is it legal to kidnap a 'President' of another country like Venezuela?</a></p><h2>Macro impact and energy security future of India in wake of Venezuela developments</h2><p>Indian imports from Venezuela have declined by over 90 per cent since 2019 due to sanctions. This means that while individual firms with exposure might be affected, India’s overall energy security or economy are unlikely to take a major hit from developments involving Venezuela.</p><p>On the other hand, India could benefit if Venezuela’s oil production and exports increase following sanctions relief or improved Amercian engagement.&nbsp;</p><h2>Future of Venezuela's oil industry: Will India be affected?</h2><p>Venezuela has been exporting roughly 700,000–900,000 barrels per day in recent years, largely to China. If the US helps improve oil infrastructure, output could rise over time, which would ease global supply pressures on oil.</p><p>If US sanctions on the Venezuelan oil industry are lifted, India could also recover a portion of stuck dues and dividends owed to ONGC Videsh. Refiners such as Reliance, Nayara and MRPL could benefit from renewed access to discounted heavy crude, potentially improving margins.</p><p>If production stabilises, both IOC and Oil India might be able to move forward with their joint ventures.</p><h2>Indian pharma sector could be affected in long term</h2><p>Pharma and engineering could be a different story. Sun Pharma, Cipla, Glenmark and smaller exporters might face short-term disruptions. If US–Venezuela ties improve, it could enhance market access for essential medicines over time. But again, if American pharma firms enter Venezuela market, Indian companies could face tough competition.&nbsp;</p><p>Iron-ore operations could remain vulnerable to political or port-related disruptions, though this exposure is not core to the overall business of Indian firms involved.</p>

Capture and trial of Maduro and subsequent US actions in Venezuela could reshape oil flows, affect Indian energy and pharma firms. it could be beneficial if Indian oil firms get stuck dues and global oil supply eases. But instability could be a problem. What's in store?

India was among the largest buyers of Venezuelan oil before US sanctions sharply curtailed trade. Imports largely halted after 2020 amid American sanctions and military actions, which culminated in the removal of its president Nicholas Maduro, who will now stand trial in the US. Several Indian companies – both state-owned and/or listed – have been in business with Venezuela, particularly in the oil and gas sector. After the extraction of Maduro to the US, President Donald Trump revealed plans to “run” the Latin American country. Any such major change would have both short- and long-term consequences for the Indian companies as well as its energy security. Some of it could be actually positive. Here is a roundup: India and developments in Venezuala Indian markets appear to have largely shrugged off, or factored in, developments related to Venezuela. Oil-linked stocks such as Reliance showed strength, reflecting potential upside rather than immediate losses. But in the long term, if the US gives priority to American firms, it might limit Indian companies' gains. https://www.wionews.com/videos/maduro-faces-judge-in-ny-charged-with-wife-in-narco-terror-plot-wion-1767592261165/embed Indian companies in the oil and gas sector with exposure to Venezuela ONGC Videsh, an unlisted subsidiary of state-run Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, has stakes in two Venezuelan oil projects: 40 per cent in the San Cristóbal field and 11 per cent in Carabobo-1. The state-owned and listed Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) is a consortium partner in the Carabobo heavy-oil project with equity participation. Oil India, a listed Indian state-run oil company, is a minority partner in a Venezuelan oil joint venture alongside ONGC Videsh and IOC. In the private sector, Reliance Industries has been a major importer of Venezuelan crude in the past, with its refineries optimised for heavy oil processing. Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals (MRPL), a listed firm, has historically imported Venezuelan oil, while Nayara Energy, an unlisted company, has imported heavy crude from Venezuela in earlier periods. Also read: US-Venezuela conflict LIVE updates: Venezuela sets commission to bring back Maduro amid Trump's warning to Cuba, Mexico, Columbia, Iran Indian pharma sector firms with exposure to Venezuela Several pharma companies, mostly listed in the Indian stock market, have business interests in Venezuela. Their stocks could be partially affected by any disruption or revival of trade. Sun Pharma operates a registered subsidiary in Venezuela. Cipla has exported essential medicines to Venezuela, while Glenmark Pharma operates through a locally registered subsidiary. Smaller unlisted firms such as Addii Biotech, JoinHub Pharma, and Salvavidas Pharma have been involved in pharma exports, contributing to millions of dollars in annual pharma trade with Venezuela in recent years. Dr Reddy’s had a subsidiary in the country but divested its operations by 2024, resulting in minimal ongoing exposure. Also read: From bus driver to President: The story of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro Metals, industrial and engineering sector firms exposed to Venezuela Public-sector firm Engineers India (EIL) has had an overseas office in Caracas to support its international business. Jindal Steel and Power has had iron-ore exposure in Venezuela through overseas assets, though operations have been inconsistent. Bajaj Auto had a historical presence in the Venezuelan motorcycle market, but recent years have seen limited operations due to the country’s economic conditions. Also read: 'Capture of Nicholas Maduro': Is it legal to kidnap a 'President' of another country like Venezuela? Macro impact and energy security future of India in wake of Venezuela developments Indian imports from Venezuela have declined by over 90 per cent since 2019 due to sanctions. This means that while individual firms with exposure might be affected, India’s overall energy security or economy are unlikely to take a major hit from developments involving Venezuela. On the other hand, India could benefit if Venezuela’s oil production and exports increase following sanctions relief or improved Amercian engagement. Future of Venezuela's oil industry: Will India be affected? Venezuela has been exporting roughly 700,000–900,000 barrels per day in recent years, largely to China. If the US helps improve oil infrastructure, output could rise over time, which would ease global supply pressures on oil. If US sanctions on the Venezuelan oil industry are lifted, India could also recover a portion of stuck dues and dividends owed to ONGC Videsh. Refiners such as Reliance, Nayara and MRPL could benefit from renewed access to discounted heavy crude, potentially improving margins. If production stabilises, both IOC and Oil India might be able to move forward with their joint ventures. Indian pharma sector could be affected in long term Pharma and engineering could be a different story. Sun Pharma, Cipla, Glenmark and smaller exporters might face short-term disruptions. If US–Venezuela ties improve, it could enhance market access for essential medicines over time. But again, if American pharma firms enter Venezuela market, Indian companies could face tough competition. Iron-ore operations could remain vulnerable to political or port-related disruptions, though this exposure is not core to the overall business of Indian firms involved.

<p>Capture and trial of Maduro and subsequent US actions in Venezuela could reshape oil flows, affect Indian energy and pharma firms. it could be beneficial if Indian oil firms get stuck dues and global oil supply eases. But instability could be a problem. What's in store?</p>

Some good, some bad: How Indian firms and energy security could be affected by US “running” Venezuela after taking Maduro into custody

<p>Space rockets may soon use nuclear-powered engines based on nuclear thermal propulsion, or NTP technology. While no nuclear engine will fly this year, the field is approaching a major milestone, with the first in-space demonstration of an NTP engine currently planned for early 2026. If successful, this could open the door to practical nuclear-powered missions later in the 2020s and into the 2030s. NTP is often presented as a promising technology for faster and more capable deep-space missions, especially to Mars. At the same time, it raises concerns about safety, radiation, and the potential proliferation of nuclear material in space and on Earth. As development accelerates, it is time to understand both the prospects and the problems associated with nuclear thermal propulsion.</p><h2>What is nuclear thermal propulsion or NTP?</h2><p>Nuclear thermal propulsion uses nuclear fission rather than chemical combustion to produce thrust. Instead of burning fuel and oxidiser, an NTP engine pumps liquid hydrogen through a small nuclear reactor built into the engine. Inside the reactor, uranium atoms undergo fission, releasing extreme levels of heat. This heat raises the temperature of the hydrogen, which is then expelled through a nozzle to generate thrust for the rocket.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-russian-crew-returns-to-earth-after-epic-168-million-kilometer-journey-1765336718719/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-russian-crew-returns-to-earth-after-epic-168-million-kilometer-journey-1765336718719/embed</a></p><h2>What are the advantages of NTP?</h2><p>Nuclear thermal engines can be roughly twice as efficient as the best chemical rockets in use today. This means a spacecraft can travel farther using less propellant, and carry heavier payloads for the same amount of fuel. Because hydrogen is very light, it accelerates more easily than the heavier exhaust gases produced by chemical rockets, such as water vapour.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/live-updates/science/axiom-4-mission-live-updates-indian-astronaut-shubhanshu-shukla-landing-time-check-latest-news-nasa-spacex-isro-iss-1750927403236">HIGHLIGHTS | Axiom 4 Mission Landing: Shubhanshu Shukla makes first remarks on ISS, says 'been a wonderful ride'</a></p><h2>NTP engines' two-step process to enable thrust outside Earth</h2><p>NTP process in rocket engines would not be used for lift-off from Earth. Instead, missions would follow a two-step process. First, the spacecraft would be launched into orbit using a conventional chemical rocket. The nuclear thermal engine would only be activated once the vehicle is safely in space. This approach significantly reduces the risk associated with launching nuclear material from Earth, at least in theory.</p><h2>NTP engines to help Mars missions and wider launch windows</h2><p>For missions to Mars, NTP could reduce travel time by up to about 25 per cent. Shorter journeys would reduce astronauts’ exposure to cosmic radiation and the health effects of long periods in microgravity. NTP systems are also less dependent on precise planetary alignments, allowing wider launch windows. In addition, the higher performance of nuclear propulsion could make it easier for crew to abort missions if needed.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/science-tech/watch-stunning-visuals-show-spacexs-crew-10-dragon-capsule-docking-at-international-space-station-8862579">Watch | Stunning visuals show SpaceX’s Crew-10 Dragon capsule docking at International Space Station</a></p><h2>What NASA is doing now on nuclear engines</h2><p>The most advanced current effort is a joint programme between NASA and the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), called DRACO. Short for Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations, DRACO aims to demonstrate a nuclear thermal rocket in space for the first time. The current plan is for the engine to be activated in Earth orbit in early 2026, although the schedule could slip into 2027. Lockheed Martin is developing the spacecraft. BWX Technologies is responsible for the reactor and fuel.&nbsp;</p><h2>What is India doing on nuclear propulsion rockets?</h2><p>India’s space agency, ISRO, is working on nuclear power systems and related foundational technologies to support nuclear propulsion. But an active nuclear thermal rocket programme could be years away. In the UK, private companies such as Pulsar Fusion are exploring nuclear fusion-based rocket concepts. Fusion propulsion promises very high performance, but the technology for it far less mature than fission-based NTP.</p><h2>Risks of nuclear engines for rockets</h2><p>Using uranium as rocket fuel raises security and safety concerns. NASA and the US Department of Energy are therefore working to use low-enriched uranium rather than highly enriched fuel, to cut both proliferation risks and security cost. Ground tests have shown that newer fuel types can survive the extreme temperatures and radiation inside an NTP reactor without significant damage.</p><p>Radiation remains the most obvious risk for both spacecraft and people. Shielding sensitive components and orienting the reactor away from crew areas are the solutions.&nbsp;</p><p>Launch failures are another major concern, amid fears of nuclear material releasing into the Earth's atmosphere or space. To address this, engineers are developing robust fuel forms designed to remain intact even in severe accidents.</p><h2>Nuclear-powered rockets: Challenges and prospects ahead</h2><p>NTP reactors operate at extremely high temperatures, pushing materials to their limits and making engineering especially challenging.&nbsp;</p><p>Storing and managing liquid hydrogen in space for long periods is also technically difficult. Beyond engineering, nuclear propulsion faces political, regulatory, and international policy hurdles over nuclear safety, environmental protection, and non-proliferation.</p><p>NTP offers significant potential benefits for deep-space exploration. But complex technical, safety, and political challenges remain. The planned in-space test in early 2026 will help decide whether NTP rockets can move from theory to real use in future space missions.</p>

Nuclear thermal propulsion or NPT technology could power future rockets, with NASA planning the first in-space test in early 2026. The technology is both promising and potentially horrifying. Here is why

Space rockets may soon use nuclear-powered engines based on nuclear thermal propulsion, or NTP technology. While no nuclear engine will fly this year, the field is approaching a major milestone, with the first in-space demonstration of an NTP engine currently planned for early 2026. If successful, this could open the door to practical nuclear-powered missions later in the 2020s and into the 2030s. NTP is often presented as a promising technology for faster and more capable deep-space missions, especially to Mars. At the same time, it raises concerns about safety, radiation, and the potential proliferation of nuclear material in space and on Earth. As development accelerates, it is time to understand both the prospects and the problems associated with nuclear thermal propulsion. What is nuclear thermal propulsion or NTP? Nuclear thermal propulsion uses nuclear fission rather than chemical combustion to produce thrust. Instead of burning fuel and oxidiser, an NTP engine pumps liquid hydrogen through a small nuclear reactor built into the engine. Inside the reactor, uranium atoms undergo fission, releasing extreme levels of heat. This heat raises the temperature of the hydrogen, which is then expelled through a nozzle to generate thrust for the rocket. https://www.wionews.com/videos/nasa-russian-crew-returns-to-earth-after-epic-168-million-kilometer-journey-1765336718719/embed What are the advantages of NTP? Nuclear thermal engines can be roughly twice as efficient as the best chemical rockets in use today. This means a spacecraft can travel farther using less propellant, and carry heavier payloads for the same amount of fuel. Because hydrogen is very light, it accelerates more easily than the heavier exhaust gases produced by chemical rockets, such as water vapour. Also read: HIGHLIGHTS | Axiom 4 Mission Landing: Shubhanshu Shukla makes first remarks on ISS, says 'been a wonderful ride' NTP engines' two-step process to enable thrust outside Earth NTP process in rocket engines would not be used for lift-off from Earth. Instead, missions would follow a two-step process. First, the spacecraft would be launched into orbit using a conventional chemical rocket. The nuclear thermal engine would only be activated once the vehicle is safely in space. This approach significantly reduces the risk associated with launching nuclear material from Earth, at least in theory. NTP engines to help Mars missions and wider launch windows For missions to Mars, NTP could reduce travel time by up to about 25 per cent. Shorter journeys would reduce astronauts’ exposure to cosmic radiation and the health effects of long periods in microgravity. NTP systems are also less dependent on precise planetary alignments, allowing wider launch windows. In addition, the higher performance of nuclear propulsion could make it easier for crew to abort missions if needed. Also read: Watch | Stunning visuals show SpaceX’s Crew-10 Dragon capsule docking at International Space Station What NASA is doing now on nuclear engines The most advanced current effort is a joint programme between NASA and the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), called DRACO. Short for Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations, DRACO aims to demonstrate a nuclear thermal rocket in space for the first time. The current plan is for the engine to be activated in Earth orbit in early 2026, although the schedule could slip into 2027. Lockheed Martin is developing the spacecraft. BWX Technologies is responsible for the reactor and fuel. What is India doing on nuclear propulsion rockets? India’s space agency, ISRO, is working on nuclear power systems and related foundational technologies to support nuclear propulsion. But an active nuclear thermal rocket programme could be years away. In the UK, private companies such as Pulsar Fusion are exploring nuclear fusion-based rocket concepts. Fusion propulsion promises very high performance, but the technology for it far less mature than fission-based NTP. Risks of nuclear engines for rockets Using uranium as rocket fuel raises security and safety concerns. NASA and the US Department of Energy are therefore working to use low-enriched uranium rather than highly enriched fuel, to cut both proliferation risks and security cost. Ground tests have shown that newer fuel types can survive the extreme temperatures and radiation inside an NTP reactor without significant damage. Radiation remains the most obvious risk for both spacecraft and people. Shielding sensitive components and orienting the reactor away from crew areas are the solutions. Launch failures are another major concern, amid fears of nuclear material releasing into the Earth's atmosphere or space. To address this, engineers are developing robust fuel forms designed to remain intact even in severe accidents. Nuclear-powered rockets: Challenges and prospects ahead NTP reactors operate at extremely high temperatures, pushing materials to their limits and making engineering especially challenging. Storing and managing liquid hydrogen in space for long periods is also technically difficult. Beyond engineering, nuclear propulsion faces political, regulatory, and international policy hurdles over nuclear safety, environmental protection, and non-proliferation. NTP offers significant potential benefits for deep-space exploration. But complex technical, safety, and political challenges remain. The planned in-space test in early 2026 will help decide whether NTP rockets can move from theory to real use in future space missions.

<p>Nuclear thermal propulsion or NPT technology could power future rockets, with NASA planning the first in-space test in early 2026. The technology is both promising and potentially horrifying. Here is why</p>

Nuclear engines for space rockets soon? First in-space test planned in early 2026. Promises vs risks

<p>India is aiming to set up new small nuclear reactors as the South Asian nation moves towards energy self-sufficiency. As part of its decarbonisation push, India aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070 while reducing pollution and strengthening energy security. India is actively pursuing small nuclear reactors, including small modular reactors (SMRs), as part of this transition. A key element of this strategy is the development of 220 MWe Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)–based Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs), outlined as part of an ambitious plan linked to the SHANTI Bill passed in December. A major shift is the involvement of private players in India’s nuclear energy sector, opening up what is projected to be a $214 billion market. Here is everything you need to know.</p><h2>What are Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs)?</h2><p>Bharat Small Reactors are small nuclear reactors whose designs are based on proven 220 MWe PHWR technology developed in India since the 1980s. These reactors can be deployed in remote areas and at industrial sites, replacing coal-fired power units.</p><p>The reactors are aligned with the Viksit Bharat (Developed India) 2047 framework of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government. BSRs were first announced in August 2023, with the government allocating funds for their development.</p><p>The design stage for a small modular nuclear reactor was completed by March 2025. Initial sites for BSRs include Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-impressive-contribution-to-energy-needs-russia-to-build-india-s-largest-nuclear-power-plant-in-kudankulam-says-putin-1764929473586">‘Impressive contribution to energy needs’: Russia to build India’s largest nuclear power plant in Kudankulam, says Putin</a></p><h2>Private participation in developing India's small nuclear reactors</h2><p>The most significant aspect of the BSR programme is that, unlike in the past, the government is involving private players. &nbsp;</p><p>The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) in December 2024 for the deployment of 220 MWe PHWR-based BSRs. The RFP seeks “visionary Indian industries” to finance, site, and build twin-unit reactors, primarily for captive power use in energy-intensive sectors such as steel, aluminium, and chemicals.</p><p>The tender is open to Indian companies or consortia with demonstrated financial and technical capability. Criteria include environmental clearances and a commitment to funding construction.</p><p>NPCIL will provide reactor design, engineering, safety oversight, and operations under a build-own-operate model. Along with the Department of Atomic Energy, NPCIL will also handle fuel supply and waste management.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/kudankulam-nuclear-plant-unit-3-in-pre-commissioning-phase-rosatom-1762774335529">Kudankulam Nuclear plant Unit-3 in pre-commissioning phase: Rosatom</a></p><p>The original deadline of March 31, 2025 was extended several times and is now March 31, 2026, to broaden participation.</p><p>At least six major companies have expressed interest, including Reliance Industries, Adani Power, Tata Power, Jindal Steel &amp; Power, JSW Energy, and Hindalco Industries.Industry players have already proposed five sites in Gujarat, four in Madhya Pradesh, three in Odisha, two in Andhra Pradesh, and one each in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh.</p><h2>What is the SHANTI Bill 2025?</h2><p>The SHANTI Bill, short for the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Bill, 2025, is a landmark reform passed on December 15. It repeals the Atomic Energy Act of 1962, which had restricted nuclear activities to government entities.</p><p>It also repeals the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010, to create a consolidated and modern regulatory framework.&nbsp;</p><p>Restrictions on private participation had long hindered the growth of India’s nuclear sector, even as the country targets 100 GWe of installed nuclear capacity by 2047.</p><p>The SHANTI Bill aims to promote sustainable nuclear energy, enhance safety, and attract private and foreign investment for clean energy and energy security.</p><p>It allows Indian companies, government-private joint ventures, or authorised entities to obtain licences for building, owning, operating, and decommissioning nuclear plants. Foreign-incorporated firms are excluded.</p><p>The bill is limited to non-sensitive activities such as power generation and equipment manufacturing, while core fuel cycle activities remain restricted.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/japan-earthquake-and-tsunami-what-we-know-about-the-nuclear-power-plants-1765252837054">Japan earthquake and tsunami: What we know about the nuclear power plants</a></p><h2>Liability framework and regulation under SHANTI Bill</h2><p>The bill maintains no-fault liability for operators with mandatory insurance and introduces tiered liability caps. It removes automatic operator recourse against suppliers for defects.</p><p>The overall accident liability ceiling is set at 300 million Special Drawing Rights, aligning with global norms.</p><p>The bill grants statutory status to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board and establishes the Atomic Energy Redressal Advisory Council for appeals, with further recourse to the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-considers-restarting-world-s-largest-nuclear-plant-in-niigata-1766384372138/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-considers-restarting-world-s-largest-nuclear-plant-in-niigata-1766384372138/embed</a></p><h2>Controversy over the SHANTI Bill</h2><p>The SHANTI Bill has faced criticism over allegedly lax provisions, particularly the removal of supplier liability, which critics argue favours foreign vendors and weakens accountability in the event of accidents. Proponents of the bill counter that it modernises the sector, boosts innovation, attracts investment, and creates jobs.</p><h2>India’s nuclear energy future</h2><p>India aims to reach 100 GWe of nuclear capacity by 2047, which would meet nearly 10 per cent of its projected electricity demand. Interim targets include 22.5 GWe by 2031.</p><p>The Nuclear Energy Mission, announced in February 2025, plans to have at least five Indian-designed SMRs operational by 2033, primarily utilising India’s three-stage thorium fuel cycle with an emphasis on domestic resources.</p><p>India is also aiming to partner with France and the US for advanced SMR technologies.</p>

India plans to deploy Bharat Small Reactors, as the SHANTI Bill opens up nuclear power sector to private players. Will it boost clean energy, energy security, and net-zero goals from 2026? Here is all you need to know

India is aiming to set up new small nuclear reactors as the South Asian nation moves towards energy self-sufficiency. As part of its decarbonisation push, India aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070 while reducing pollution and strengthening energy security. India is actively pursuing small nuclear reactors, including small modular reactors (SMRs), as part of this transition. A key element of this strategy is the development of 220 MWe Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)–based Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs), outlined as part of an ambitious plan linked to the SHANTI Bill passed in December. A major shift is the involvement of private players in India’s nuclear energy sector, opening up what is projected to be a $214 billion market. Here is everything you need to know. What are Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs)? Bharat Small Reactors are small nuclear reactors whose designs are based on proven 220 MWe PHWR technology developed in India since the 1980s. These reactors can be deployed in remote areas and at industrial sites, replacing coal-fired power units. The reactors are aligned with the Viksit Bharat (Developed India) 2047 framework of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government. BSRs were first announced in August 2023, with the government allocating funds for their development. The design stage for a small modular nuclear reactor was completed by March 2025. Initial sites for BSRs include Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Also read: ‘Impressive contribution to energy needs’: Russia to build India’s largest nuclear power plant in Kudankulam, says Putin Private participation in developing India's small nuclear reactors The most significant aspect of the BSR programme is that, unlike in the past, the government is involving private players. The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) in December 2024 for the deployment of 220 MWe PHWR-based BSRs. The RFP seeks “visionary Indian industries” to finance, site, and build twin-unit reactors, primarily for captive power use in energy-intensive sectors such as steel, aluminium, and chemicals. The tender is open to Indian companies or consortia with demonstrated financial and technical capability. Criteria include environmental clearances and a commitment to funding construction. NPCIL will provide reactor design, engineering, safety oversight, and operations under a build-own-operate model. Along with the Department of Atomic Energy, NPCIL will also handle fuel supply and waste management. Also read: Kudankulam Nuclear plant Unit-3 in pre-commissioning phase: Rosatom The original deadline of March 31, 2025 was extended several times and is now March 31, 2026, to broaden participation. At least six major companies have expressed interest, including Reliance Industries, Adani Power, Tata Power, Jindal Steel & Power, JSW Energy, and Hindalco Industries.Industry players have already proposed five sites in Gujarat, four in Madhya Pradesh, three in Odisha, two in Andhra Pradesh, and one each in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. What is the SHANTI Bill 2025? The SHANTI Bill, short for the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Bill, 2025, is a landmark reform passed on December 15. It repeals the Atomic Energy Act of 1962, which had restricted nuclear activities to government entities. It also repeals the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010, to create a consolidated and modern regulatory framework. Restrictions on private participation had long hindered the growth of India’s nuclear sector, even as the country targets 100 GWe of installed nuclear capacity by 2047. The SHANTI Bill aims to promote sustainable nuclear energy, enhance safety, and attract private and foreign investment for clean energy and energy security. It allows Indian companies, government-private joint ventures, or authorised entities to obtain licences for building, owning, operating, and decommissioning nuclear plants. Foreign-incorporated firms are excluded. The bill is limited to non-sensitive activities such as power generation and equipment manufacturing, while core fuel cycle activities remain restricted. Also read: Japan earthquake and tsunami: What we know about the nuclear power plants Liability framework and regulation under SHANTI Bill The bill maintains no-fault liability for operators with mandatory insurance and introduces tiered liability caps. It removes automatic operator recourse against suppliers for defects. The overall accident liability ceiling is set at 300 million Special Drawing Rights, aligning with global norms. The bill grants statutory status to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board and establishes the Atomic Energy Redressal Advisory Council for appeals, with further recourse to the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity. https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-considers-restarting-world-s-largest-nuclear-plant-in-niigata-1766384372138/embed Controversy over the SHANTI Bill The SHANTI Bill has faced criticism over allegedly lax provisions, particularly the removal of supplier liability, which critics argue favours foreign vendors and weakens accountability in the event of accidents. Proponents of the bill counter that it modernises the sector, boosts innovation, attracts investment, and creates jobs. India’s nuclear energy future India aims to reach 100 GWe of nuclear capacity by 2047, which would meet nearly 10 per cent of its projected electricity demand. Interim targets include 22.5 GWe by 2031. The Nuclear Energy Mission, announced in February 2025, plans to have at least five Indian-designed SMRs operational by 2033, primarily utilising India’s three-stage thorium fuel cycle with an emphasis on domestic resources. India is also aiming to partner with France and the US for advanced SMR technologies.

<p>India plans to deploy Bharat Small Reactors, as the SHANTI Bill opens up nuclear power sector to private players. Will it boost clean energy, energy security, and net-zero goals from 2026? Here is all you need to know</p>

Will India’s small nuclear reactor ambitions take wing in 2026? BSRs, private participation, SHANTI Bill: What you should know

<p>Warren Buffett, the Oracle of Omaha, exited as CEO of the American holding company Berkshire Hathaway at the age of 95, after a 60-year tenure, as was planned on the last day of 2025. The legendary investor and philanthropist will remain as the company’s chairman. In his final Thanksgiving letter to shareholders on 10 November he had said “As the British would say, I’m ‘going quiet.’ Sort of.” Buffett will also stop writing Berkshire’s annual reports and ‘talking endlessly’ at shareholder meetings, having transformed what was once a struggling textile company into a $1 trillion-plus conglomerate.</p><h2>Not a complete withdrawal: What Warren Buffet said on his exit as CEO</h2><p>On his health, Buffett, who will continue annual Thanksgiving messages to shareholders and his children, had said: “To my surprise, I generally feel good. Though I move slowly and read with increasing difficulty, I am at the office five days a week where I work with wonderful people.”</p><p>Reflecting on his 60-year journey, Buffett reminisced about his partnership with Charlie Munger, who passed in 2023, and key investment moves, like taking a stake in insurance firm GEICO.</p><p>“Decide what you would like your obituary to say and live the life to deserve it,” he said in his final ‘Thanksgiving letter’, asking leaders to prioritise legacy over short-term gains.</p><h2>What will Buffett do now?</h2><p>Besides continuing as Berkshire chariman, Buffett, who holds about $149 billion in its stock, plans to donate the vast majority of it before his death. He converted 1,800 Class A shares into Class B shares - a category he had introduced - for distribution to four family foundations: The Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation, The Sherwood Foundation, The Howard G Buffett Foundation, and NoVo Foundation.</p><h2>Who will succeed Buffett?</h2><p>Greg Abel will now take over as the CEO of Berkshire. “He has more than met the high expectations I had for him when I first thought he should be Berkshire’s next CEO,” Buffett said.</p><p>Abel, a Canadian accountant, joined Berkshire in 2000 via its acquisition of MidAmerican Energy and has overseen non-insurance units.</p><p>As Buffet leaves, Berkshire is sitting on a large cash pile but he had words of caution: “No matter how serene today may be, tomorrow is always uncertain.”</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/warren-buffett-invests-4-3-billion-in-alphabet-inc-as-google-parent-stock-dances-to-new-highs-1763361155203">Warren Buffett invests $4.3 billion in Alphabet Inc as Google parent stock dances to new highs</a></p><h2>Warren Buffett: Life and investment career&nbsp;</h2><p>Warren Edward Buffett was born on 30 August 1930 in Omaha, Nebraska, during the Great Depression to a US congressman and stockbroker, Howard Homan Buffett. He bought his first stock, of Cities Service, at the age of 11, and filed his first tax return at 13, famously deducting his bicycle as a work expense.</p><p>By high school, Buffett ran ventures like newspaper delivery and pinball machines, earning $5,000.</p><p>Buffett attended the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business but transferred to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, graduating at 19 with a business degree. He earned a master’s in economics from Columbia Business School in 1951, studying under Benjamin Graham, who is known as the father of value investing.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/warren-buffett-confirms-ceo-transition-timeline-1762838597589/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/warren-buffett-confirms-ceo-transition-timeline-1762838597589/embed</a></p><p>Buffett followed Graham’s principles such as buying undervalued stocks with a “margin of safety”. He worked at Buffett-Falk &amp; Co. and as a securities analyst at Graham-Newman Corp until Graham’s retirement.</p><p>In 1956, aged 25, Buffet launched Buffett Partnership Ltd in Omaha with $105,100. He made annualised returns of 29.5 per cent through 1969. He dissolved the partnerships in 1969 and returned capital to investors.</p><h2>How Warren Buffett turned around Berkshire Hathaway</h2><p>What is now Berkshire Hathaway is a New England firm that started in 1839 as a textile manufacturer named Valley Falls Company. It was declining in the 1960s due to foreign competition. In 1962, Buffett started buying shares in Berkshire Hathaway. He gained control of the company by 1965, and ousted the management after a dispute over a tender offer. From textiles, Buffett moved the company to insurance, acquiring National Indemnity in 1967. Berkshire's initial acquisitions were See’s Candies and Buffalo Evening News, starting a period of buying “wonderful businesses at fair prices.”</p><p>His major investments and acquisitions include Coca-Cola, GEICO, BNSF Railway, and stakes in Apple, making an unexpected tech play. Other acquisitions such as Nebraska Furniture Mart, Borsheims, Precision Castparts and Duracell also bore frruit for Berkshire.</p><p>Under Buffett, Berkshire shares rose dramatically over decades. By 2025, Berkshire Hathaway became one of the first non-tech American companies to hit a $1 trillion market capitalisation. At the close of the year, its Class A shares were trading around $755,400. That's a massive growth from 1965’s $19 per share.</p><p>Berkshire outperformed the S&amp;P index in many of the years through 2023. Today, it is a diversified conglomerate including insurance, railroads, energy and consumer goods with about 400,000 employees. &nbsp;Buffett’s annual letters to shareholders, and speeches, became investing gospel, where he blended humour, lessons, and transparency.</p><h2>Buffett lived frugally even as he was among the world’s richest</h2><p>Buffett’s net worth has been among the highest in the world, peaking near $150 billion in late 2025, making him among the top 10 richest people globally. But he never showed off his wealth, living frugally in his 1958 Omaha home, and drawing a modest salary. He chose long-term value investing, compound interest, and ethical management over aggressive trade practices.</p><p>He has donated billions via the Giving Pledge initiative since 2010.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/-playing-with-fire-is-us-stock-market-going-to-crash-warren-buffet-s-indicator-says-yes-1761205822466">‘Playing with fire’: Is US stock market going to crash? Warren Buffet's indicator says yes..</a></p><h2>Who will lead Berkshire now?</h2><p>Greg Abel, a Canadian accountant who joined Berkshire in 2000 via MidAmerican Energy, which is now Berkshire Hathaway Energy, rose to leadership in 2008 and was named Buffett’s successor in 2021, officially becoming CEO from New Year's Day of &nbsp;January 2026. Investment duties will primarily go to Ted Weschler and Todd Combs, who have been portfolio managers since around 2010. Ajit Jain remains vice chairman of insurance.</p><p>Buffett will stay as chairman, ensuring continuity.</p>

Warren Buffett steps down as CEO of Berkshire Hathaway after 60 years. What will he do next and who will succeed him at the firm that has topped $1 trillion market cap?


Warren Buffett, the Oracle of Omaha, exited as CEO of the American holding company Berkshire Hathaway at the age of 95, after a 60-year tenure, as was planned on the last day of 2025. The legendary investor and philanthropist will remain as the company’s chairman. In his final Thanksgiving letter to shareholders on 10 November he had said “As the British would say, I’m ‘going quiet.’ Sort of.” Buffett will also stop writing Berkshire’s annual reports and ‘talking endlessly’ at shareholder meetings, having transformed what was once a struggling textile company into a $1 trillion-plus conglomerate. Not a complete withdrawal: What Warren Buffet said on his exit as CEO On his health, Buffett, who will continue annual Thanksgiving messages to shareholders and his children, had said: “To my surprise, I generally feel good. Though I move slowly and read with increasing difficulty, I am at the office five days a week where I work with wonderful people.” Reflecting on his 60-year journey, Buffett reminisced about his partnership with Charlie Munger, who passed in 2023, and key investment moves, like taking a stake in insurance firm GEICO. “Decide what you would like your obituary to say and live the life to deserve it,” he said in his final ‘Thanksgiving letter’, asking leaders to prioritise legacy over short-term gains. What will Buffett do now? Besides continuing as Berkshire chariman, Buffett, who holds about $149 billion in its stock, plans to donate the vast majority of it before his death. He converted 1,800 Class A shares into Class B shares - a category he had introduced - for distribution to four family foundations: The Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation, The Sherwood Foundation, The Howard G Buffett Foundation, and NoVo Foundation. Who will succeed Buffett? Greg Abel will now take over as the CEO of Berkshire. “He has more than met the high expectations I had for him when I first thought he should be Berkshire’s next CEO,” Buffett said. Abel, a Canadian accountant, joined Berkshire in 2000 via its acquisition of MidAmerican Energy and has overseen non-insurance units. As Buffet leaves, Berkshire is sitting on a large cash pile but he had words of caution: “No matter how serene today may be, tomorrow is always uncertain.” Also read: Warren Buffett invests $4.3 billion in Alphabet Inc as Google parent stock dances to new highs Warren Buffett: Life and investment career Warren Edward Buffett was born on 30 August 1930 in Omaha, Nebraska, during the Great Depression to a US congressman and stockbroker, Howard Homan Buffett. He bought his first stock, of Cities Service, at the age of 11, and filed his first tax return at 13, famously deducting his bicycle as a work expense. By high school, Buffett ran ventures like newspaper delivery and pinball machines, earning $5,000. Buffett attended the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business but transferred to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, graduating at 19 with a business degree. He earned a master’s in economics from Columbia Business School in 1951, studying under Benjamin Graham, who is known as the father of value investing. https://www.wionews.com/videos/warren-buffett-confirms-ceo-transition-timeline-1762838597589/embed Buffett followed Graham’s principles such as buying undervalued stocks with a “margin of safety”. He worked at Buffett-Falk & Co. and as a securities analyst at Graham-Newman Corp until Graham’s retirement. In 1956, aged 25, Buffet launched Buffett Partnership Ltd in Omaha with $105,100. He made annualised returns of 29.5 per cent through 1969. He dissolved the partnerships in 1969 and returned capital to investors. How Warren Buffett turned around Berkshire Hathaway What is now Berkshire Hathaway is a New England firm that started in 1839 as a textile manufacturer named Valley Falls Company. It was declining in the 1960s due to foreign competition. In 1962, Buffett started buying shares in Berkshire Hathaway. He gained control of the company by 1965, and ousted the management after a dispute over a tender offer. From textiles, Buffett moved the company to insurance, acquiring National Indemnity in 1967. Berkshire's initial acquisitions were See’s Candies and Buffalo Evening News, starting a period of buying “wonderful businesses at fair prices.” His major investments and acquisitions include Coca-Cola, GEICO, BNSF Railway, and stakes in Apple, making an unexpected tech play. Other acquisitions such as Nebraska Furniture Mart, Borsheims, Precision Castparts and Duracell also bore frruit for Berkshire. Under Buffett, Berkshire shares rose dramatically over decades. By 2025, Berkshire Hathaway became one of the first non-tech American companies to hit a $1 trillion market capitalisation. At the close of the year, its Class A shares were trading around $755,400. That's a massive growth from 1965’s $19 per share. Berkshire outperformed the S&P index in many of the years through 2023. Today, it is a diversified conglomerate including insurance, railroads, energy and consumer goods with about 400,000 employees. Buffett’s annual letters to shareholders, and speeches, became investing gospel, where he blended humour, lessons, and transparency. Buffett lived frugally even as he was among the world’s richest Buffett’s net worth has been among the highest in the world, peaking near $150 billion in late 2025, making him among the top 10 richest people globally. But he never showed off his wealth, living frugally in his 1958 Omaha home, and drawing a modest salary. He chose long-term value investing, compound interest, and ethical management over aggressive trade practices. He has donated billions via the Giving Pledge initiative since 2010. Also read: ‘Playing with fire’: Is US stock market going to crash? Warren Buffet's indicator says yes.. Who will lead Berkshire now? Greg Abel, a Canadian accountant who joined Berkshire in 2000 via MidAmerican Energy, which is now Berkshire Hathaway Energy, rose to leadership in 2008 and was named Buffett’s successor in 2021, officially becoming CEO from New Year's Day of January 2026. Investment duties will primarily go to Ted Weschler and Todd Combs, who have been portfolio managers since around 2010. Ajit Jain remains vice chairman of insurance. Buffett will stay as chairman, ensuring continuity.

<p>Warren Buffett steps down as CEO of Berkshire Hathaway after 60 years. What will he do next and who will succeed him at the firm that has topped $1 trillion market cap?<br>&nbsp;</p>

Warren Buffett exits as Berkshire Hathaway CEO. What happens next as the Oracle of Omaha ‘goes quiet, sort of’?

<p>In its annual report released recently, the leading US think tank Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) said India and Pakistan could slide into another military confrontation in 2026, triggered by a terrorist incident targeting India and traced back to Pakistan-based groups. CFR’s annual <i>Preventive Priorities Survey </i>said Pakistan could also face armed conflict with Taliban-led Afghanistan over border tensions and militancy. Other conflicts and wars that could continue, escalate, or simmer include US–Venezuela tensions, the Russia–Ukraine war, and the Gaza conflict between Palestinian militants and Israel. North Korea’s nuclear and missile activity could further inflame tensions in East Asia, while China’s pressure on Taiwan remains a major source of regional instability. Below is a snapshot of the CFR report.</p><h2>India–Pakistan risk another war in 2026</h2><p>The CFR global risk map places another India–Pakistan conflict as a dangerous possibility under its Tier II category, which covers contingencies with moderate likelihood and moderate impact on US interests. A new armed confrontation could erupt in 2026, with the CFR report, released on December 18, noting that the drivers of conflict, particularly terrorism emanating from Pakistan, remain intact despite the ceasefire reached after the brief military crisis in May 2025.</p><p>Continued attacks linked to Kashmir, military modernisation and force build-ups on both sides, and limited trust between would all contribute to the risk of conflict.</p><p>Even a limited terrorist incident could again trigger retaliation, miscalculation, and escalation, especially given domestic political pressures in both countries, the report noted.</p><p>Read more: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/pakistan-on-brink-conflict-deaths-rise-73-in-2025-report-says-1767005670051">Pakistan on brink: Conflict and terror-related deaths rise 73% in 2025, report says</a></p><h2>Pakistan–Afghanistan: A high-volatility conflict</h2><p>The 2026 survey introduced a new Tier III contingency, which includes the possibility of armed conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan. CFR noted rising security frictions between the two countries that could also indirectly affect India.</p><p>Afghanistan remains a hub for regional militant groups, and instability there could feed into Pakistan–India tensions, even if indirectly.</p><p>Such a conflict could be triggered by rising cross-border militant attacks, Pakistani strikes or retaliation inside Afghan territory, and weak border control combined with mistrust between authorities. CFR assessed this scenario as moderately likely, though with relatively low direct impact on US interests.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/sudan-conflict-escalates-as-army-chief-says-no-political-situation-1766991863501/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/sudan-conflict-escalates-as-army-chief-says-no-political-situation-1766991863501/embed</a></p><h2>The Middle East: The most dangerous cluster</h2><p>In the survey, the Middle East is described as the epicentre of global risk in 2026, dominating Tier I concerns. Continued or intensified fighting in Gaza, escalation in the West Bank, and a growing risk of spillover into neighbouring states are key dangers in the region, according to CFR.</p><p>Examining the Israel–Iran–Lebanon triangle, the survey warned of direct or indirect confrontation between Israel and Iran, as well as escalation involving Hezbollah in Lebanon. Attacks on energy, military, or strategic infrastructure are possible in this interconnected set of conflicts, which CFR considers both highly likely and highly impactful, making it the single most dangerous theatre.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-divine-intervention-helped-pakistan-during-may-conflict-with-india-asim-munir-1766337259952">‘Divine intervention’ helped Pakistan during May conflict with India: Asim Munir</a></p><h2>Russia–Ukraine: A grinding war that would continue into 2026</h2><p>CFR placed the Russia–Ukraine war in the top Tier I, with expectations of continued large-scale fighting, possible territorial shifts, and pressure towards a ceasefire that could lock in gains for Russia. The conflict’s impact would extend beyond Europe, affecting global energy markets, food security, NATO cohesion, and great-power rivalry, the survey noted.</p><h2>From North Korea to the South China Sea and Taiwan: East Asia on the boil&nbsp;</h2><p>North Korea remains a Tier I concern, with provocations such as missile tests, nuclear escalation, or military clashes carrying catastrophic potential if they draw the US, South Korea, or Japan into a wider conflict.</p><p>The South China Sea and Taiwan are listed under Tier II. Risky encounters between China and US partners, particularly the Philippines, are possible in 2026. Escalating pressure on Taiwan driven by Chinese territorial ambitions could fall short of full-scale war, but still prove deeply destabilising for the region.</p><h2>American challenges: From conflict with Venezuela to violence in Haiti</h2><p>Venezuela presents an extreme scenario of direct US military escalation and is listed as a Tier I contingency by the survey. The likelihood of a full-scale war is assessed as lower, but the potential impact would be very high.</p><p>Internal violence and governance collapse in Mexico and Haiti appear in Tier II, reflecting concerns about migration pressures, criminal violence, and state fragility near US borders.</p><h2>Cyberwar: Another war front of the future</h2><p>Strikingly, Tier I contingencies include the possibility of a severe cyberattack on US critical infrastructure. This could target power grids, communications, or financial systems, carried out by state or state-linked actors, with cascading economic and political effects.</p><p>For the US, the survey also highlighted rising concerns about domestic political violence, reflecting how internal instability has become part of global risk calculations.</p><h2>Africa's most likely wars with the least attention</h2><p>Sudan conflict is among the most likely to worsen in 2026, though it is listed under Tier III due to limited US strategic impact. Similar dynamics apply to conflicts in Somalia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Sahel states. These crises, according to CFR, could lead to severe humanitarian catastrophes while remaining largely out of sustained global focus.</p><h2>A world harder to stabilise</h2><p>CFR reached the stark conclusion that 2026 is likely to be more violent and more fragmented than previous years, with conflicts overlapping and mutually reinforcing one another.&nbsp;</p><p>While preventive diplomacy could avert some crises, political will and resources for conflict prevention are shrinking, it noted.</p>

CFR’s survey warns 2026 could see renewed India-Pakistan conflict after terror attacks, Pakistan-Afghanistan clashes, escalating Middle East wars, Russia-Ukraine fighting, and rising cyber and Asia-Pacific risks. Here is a snapshot of what could happen 


In its annual report released recently, the leading US think tank Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) said India and Pakistan could slide into another military confrontation in 2026, triggered by a terrorist incident targeting India and traced back to Pakistan-based groups. CFR’s annual Preventive Priorities Survey said Pakistan could also face armed conflict with Taliban-led Afghanistan over border tensions and militancy. Other conflicts and wars that could continue, escalate, or simmer include US–Venezuela tensions, the Russia–Ukraine war, and the Gaza conflict between Palestinian militants and Israel. North Korea’s nuclear and missile activity could further inflame tensions in East Asia, while China’s pressure on Taiwan remains a major source of regional instability. Below is a snapshot of the CFR report. India–Pakistan risk another war in 2026 The CFR global risk map places another India–Pakistan conflict as a dangerous possibility under its Tier II category, which covers contingencies with moderate likelihood and moderate impact on US interests. A new armed confrontation could erupt in 2026, with the CFR report, released on December 18, noting that the drivers of conflict, particularly terrorism emanating from Pakistan, remain intact despite the ceasefire reached after the brief military crisis in May 2025. Continued attacks linked to Kashmir, military modernisation and force build-ups on both sides, and limited trust between would all contribute to the risk of conflict. Even a limited terrorist incident could again trigger retaliation, miscalculation, and escalation, especially given domestic political pressures in both countries, the report noted. Read more: Pakistan on brink: Conflict and terror-related deaths rise 73% in 2025, report says Pakistan–Afghanistan: A high-volatility conflict The 2026 survey introduced a new Tier III contingency, which includes the possibility of armed conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan. CFR noted rising security frictions between the two countries that could also indirectly affect India. Afghanistan remains a hub for regional militant groups, and instability there could feed into Pakistan–India tensions, even if indirectly. Such a conflict could be triggered by rising cross-border militant attacks, Pakistani strikes or retaliation inside Afghan territory, and weak border control combined with mistrust between authorities. CFR assessed this scenario as moderately likely, though with relatively low direct impact on US interests. https://www.wionews.com/videos/sudan-conflict-escalates-as-army-chief-says-no-political-situation-1766991863501/embed The Middle East: The most dangerous cluster In the survey, the Middle East is described as the epicentre of global risk in 2026, dominating Tier I concerns. Continued or intensified fighting in Gaza, escalation in the West Bank, and a growing risk of spillover into neighbouring states are key dangers in the region, according to CFR. Examining the Israel–Iran–Lebanon triangle, the survey warned of direct or indirect confrontation between Israel and Iran, as well as escalation involving Hezbollah in Lebanon. Attacks on energy, military, or strategic infrastructure are possible in this interconnected set of conflicts, which CFR considers both highly likely and highly impactful, making it the single most dangerous theatre. Also read: ‘Divine intervention’ helped Pakistan during May conflict with India: Asim Munir Russia–Ukraine: A grinding war that would continue into 2026 CFR placed the Russia–Ukraine war in the top Tier I, with expectations of continued large-scale fighting, possible territorial shifts, and pressure towards a ceasefire that could lock in gains for Russia. The conflict’s impact would extend beyond Europe, affecting global energy markets, food security, NATO cohesion, and great-power rivalry, the survey noted. From North Korea to the South China Sea and Taiwan: East Asia on the boil North Korea remains a Tier I concern, with provocations such as missile tests, nuclear escalation, or military clashes carrying catastrophic potential if they draw the US, South Korea, or Japan into a wider conflict. The South China Sea and Taiwan are listed under Tier II. Risky encounters between China and US partners, particularly the Philippines, are possible in 2026. Escalating pressure on Taiwan driven by Chinese territorial ambitions could fall short of full-scale war, but still prove deeply destabilising for the region. American challenges: From conflict with Venezuela to violence in Haiti Venezuela presents an extreme scenario of direct US military escalation and is listed as a Tier I contingency by the survey. The likelihood of a full-scale war is assessed as lower, but the potential impact would be very high. Internal violence and governance collapse in Mexico and Haiti appear in Tier II, reflecting concerns about migration pressures, criminal violence, and state fragility near US borders. Cyberwar: Another war front of the future Strikingly, Tier I contingencies include the possibility of a severe cyberattack on US critical infrastructure. This could target power grids, communications, or financial systems, carried out by state or state-linked actors, with cascading economic and political effects. For the US, the survey also highlighted rising concerns about domestic political violence, reflecting how internal instability has become part of global risk calculations. Africa's most likely wars with the least attention Sudan conflict is among the most likely to worsen in 2026, though it is listed under Tier III due to limited US strategic impact. Similar dynamics apply to conflicts in Somalia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Sahel states. These crises, according to CFR, could lead to severe humanitarian catastrophes while remaining largely out of sustained global focus. A world harder to stabilise CFR reached the stark conclusion that 2026 is likely to be more violent and more fragmented than previous years, with conflicts overlapping and mutually reinforcing one another. While preventive diplomacy could avert some crises, political will and resources for conflict prevention are shrinking, it noted.

<p>CFR’s survey warns 2026 could see renewed India-Pakistan conflict after terror attacks, Pakistan-Afghanistan clashes, escalating Middle East wars, Russia-Ukraine fighting, and rising cyber and Asia-Pacific risks. Here is a snapshot of what could happen&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</p>

New terror attack leading to India-Pak war; Pakistan–Afghanistan conflict and more: What may happen in 2026, according to top think tank

<p>Births in Japan for 2025 are set to fall below 670,000, the lowest number since national records began in 1899, and worse than the most pessimistic government projections. This fast population decline is raising a troubling question: Can Japan sustain its economy and society with so few young people? Here is an analysis of the symptoms and prognosis of this demographic time bomb.</p><h2>Japan’s population has been shrinking steadily since 2011</h2><p>In 2024 alone, deaths in Japan exceeded births by close to one million people. That was the first time that births fell below 700,000 for the first time since records began. Down 5.7 per cent from the previous year, this was the sharpest annual natural population decline for the Asian economic giant. The population, once 128 million, is now around 123 million and falling further.</p><h2>Core of the crisis: Extremely low fertility rate</h2><p>The Japanese fertility rate is around 1.14 children per woman, far below the replacement level of about 2.1, which is needed to maintain population stability.</p><p>Economic insecurity is the main reason for women having fewer children. Stagnant wages, rising living costs, and expensive childcare are discouraging young adults from marrying or starting families. Marriage rates have fallen sharply in recent decades. Childbirth outside marriage remains socially uncommon, meaning lesser marriages directly lead to fewer births.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-pm-takaichi-sees-budget-surplus-despite-record-budget-1766814534095/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-pm-takaichi-sees-budget-surplus-despite-record-budget-1766814534095/embed</a></p><h2>Stressful life in Japan adding to low birth numbers</h2><p>Japan’s gruelling work culture of long hours and limited work-life balance are making parenting difficult. Gender inequality puts the childcare burden almost entirely on women. But more women are opting for education, careers, and independence. This leads to delays or rejections of traditional family models.</p><h2>Labour shortages hit Japan economy</h2><p>With lesser young people adding to the workforce every year, sectors such as manufacturing, construction, agriculture, caregiving, and services are seeing labour shortages. Production capacity is going down. Supply chains are strained. Costs for businesses are increasing.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/faced-with-an-ageing-population-japan-to-open-doors-to-1-2m-foreign-workers-1766477397006">Faced with an ageing population, Japan to open doors to 1.2M+ foreign workers</a></p><h2>A rapidly ageing population puts pressure on public finances</h2><p>As of 2025, Japanese aged above 65 accounted for nearly 29 per cent of the total population. The fewer people in the workforce are support rising pension, healthcare, and eldercare expenses of the government. &nbsp;Domestic consumption is weak,as &nbsp;there are fewer young families.<br>Long-term economic growth and innovation could be dampened by these factors.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/elon-musk-predicts-this-country-will-lose-1-million-people-in-2025-claims-ai-is-the-only-hope-netizens-slam-his-ad-1754898547397">Elon Musk predicts THIS country will lose 1 million people in 2025, claims 'AI is the only hope,' netizens slam his 'ad'</a></p><h2>Immigration: A cautious approach for replacement population</h2><p>Japan is making cautious steps towards immigration as a possible population replacement mechanism.</p><p>Foreign workers are at a record high in Japan. Visa programmes for skilled and semi-skilled workers have been expanded, in industries with acute labour shortages. For instance, the government recently proposed accepting up to 1.23 million foreign workers by fiscal 2028 under a new Employment for Skill Development system and other programmes.</p><p>Immigration is framed as a labour solution rather than a path to large-scale permanent settlement, meaning, foreigners can work but not necessarily start families.&nbsp;<br>This is due to cultural concerns, language barriers, and political sensitivities. There are fears that the gradual replacement migration could alter the cultural fabric of a society long defined by homogeneity.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/japan-confronts-labor-shortages-as-elderly-population-reaches-record-high-760057">Japan confronts labor shortages as elderly population reaches record high</a></p><h2>Will Japan economy fail without enough people to run its future economy?</h2><p>A total economic collapse is unlikely, but Japan faces the real risk of stagnation. The country is a technological powerhouse, leading in automation and robotics.&nbsp;</p><p>This can partially compensate for labour shortages. &nbsp;But machines cannot fully replace human workers, especially in sectors like healthcare, education, and service industries that rely on human interaction and connection.</p><p>Japan’s population crisis is no longer a distant problem but clear and present danger. How the country balances automation, social reform, and immigration will determine whether this population timebomb leads to managed adaptation or economic gloom.</p>

Japan births for the year 2025 are reported to have fallen below 670,000, setting a new record. This is straining the economy, forcing reliance on automation and immigration.


Births in Japan for 2025 are set to fall below 670,000, the lowest number since national records began in 1899, and worse than the most pessimistic government projections. This fast population decline is raising a troubling question: Can Japan sustain its economy and society with so few young people? Here is an analysis of the symptoms and prognosis of this demographic time bomb. Japan’s population has been shrinking steadily since 2011 In 2024 alone, deaths in Japan exceeded births by close to one million people. That was the first time that births fell below 700,000 for the first time since records began. Down 5.7 per cent from the previous year, this was the sharpest annual natural population decline for the Asian economic giant. The population, once 128 million, is now around 123 million and falling further. Core of the crisis: Extremely low fertility rate The Japanese fertility rate is around 1.14 children per woman, far below the replacement level of about 2.1, which is needed to maintain population stability. Economic insecurity is the main reason for women having fewer children. Stagnant wages, rising living costs, and expensive childcare are discouraging young adults from marrying or starting families. Marriage rates have fallen sharply in recent decades. Childbirth outside marriage remains socially uncommon, meaning lesser marriages directly lead to fewer births. https://www.wionews.com/videos/japan-pm-takaichi-sees-budget-surplus-despite-record-budget-1766814534095/embed Stressful life in Japan adding to low birth numbers Japan’s gruelling work culture of long hours and limited work-life balance are making parenting difficult. Gender inequality puts the childcare burden almost entirely on women. But more women are opting for education, careers, and independence. This leads to delays or rejections of traditional family models. Labour shortages hit Japan economy With lesser young people adding to the workforce every year, sectors such as manufacturing, construction, agriculture, caregiving, and services are seeing labour shortages. Production capacity is going down. Supply chains are strained. Costs for businesses are increasing. Also read: Faced with an ageing population, Japan to open doors to 1.2M+ foreign workers A rapidly ageing population puts pressure on public finances As of 2025, Japanese aged above 65 accounted for nearly 29 per cent of the total population. The fewer people in the workforce are support rising pension, healthcare, and eldercare expenses of the government. Domestic consumption is weak,as there are fewer young families. Long-term economic growth and innovation could be dampened by these factors. Also read: Elon Musk predicts THIS country will lose 1 million people in 2025, claims 'AI is the only hope,' netizens slam his 'ad' Immigration: A cautious approach for replacement population Japan is making cautious steps towards immigration as a possible population replacement mechanism. Foreign workers are at a record high in Japan. Visa programmes for skilled and semi-skilled workers have been expanded, in industries with acute labour shortages. For instance, the government recently proposed accepting up to 1.23 million foreign workers by fiscal 2028 under a new Employment for Skill Development system and other programmes. Immigration is framed as a labour solution rather than a path to large-scale permanent settlement, meaning, foreigners can work but not necessarily start families. This is due to cultural concerns, language barriers, and political sensitivities. There are fears that the gradual replacement migration could alter the cultural fabric of a society long defined by homogeneity. Also read: Japan confronts labor shortages as elderly population reaches record high Will Japan economy fail without enough people to run its future economy? A total economic collapse is unlikely, but Japan faces the real risk of stagnation. The country is a technological powerhouse, leading in automation and robotics. This can partially compensate for labour shortages. But machines cannot fully replace human workers, especially in sectors like healthcare, education, and service industries that rely on human interaction and connection. Japan’s population crisis is no longer a distant problem but clear and present danger. How the country balances automation, social reform, and immigration will determine whether this population timebomb leads to managed adaptation or economic gloom.

<p>Japan births for the year 2025 are reported to have fallen below 670,000, setting a new record. This is straining the economy, forcing reliance on automation and immigration.<br>&nbsp;</p>

Japan births fell lowest on record in 2025: Won't it have enough people to run its future economy?

<p>The death of Begum Khaleda Zia ends a major chapter in the decades-long revenge politics between the BNP leader and Awami League chief Sheikh Hasina, which shaped Bangladesh’s history as an independent nation. Much of the country’s political story since the 1970s has been a struggle for power between a widow and a daughter. Sheikh Hasina is the daughter of Bangladesh’s founding father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Khaleda Zia, who died on Tuesday (Dec &nbsp;30), was the widow of former military ruler General Ziaur Rahman. With Hasina ousted as prime minister in 2024 and Khaleda Zia’s son, Tarique Rahman, returning to Bangladesh after years of exile, an open question remains: will the BNP–Awami League rivalry pass into the next generation, or finally come to an end? Here is a timeline of how it all started, and evolved over four decades.</p><h2>The roots of rivalry between Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina</h2><p>The seeds of this rivalry were sown on 15 August 1975, when Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was killed in a military coup along with at least 14 others, including his wife, three sons, close relatives and guards. Sheikh Hasina escaped the assassination because she was abroad at the time.&nbsp;</p><p>Over the course of her political career, Hasina pursued those responsible for the coup. Many were tried decades later, and at least 12 former military officers were executed by hanging between 2010 and 2020 after lengthy trials.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/pm-narendra-modi-condoles-death-of-ex-bnagladesh-pm-khaleda-zia-contribution-to-india-bangladesh-ties-anti-india-views-democratic-movement-1767074983538">PM Modi 'deeply saddened' on Khaleda Zia's demise: What was her role in development of Bangladesh-India ties</a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>General Ziaur Rahman, who was aware of the 1975 coup but did not directly participate in it, consolidated power in its aftermath and eventually became president. His rule shifted Bangladesh away from the Awami League’s founding secular ethos and towards Bangladeshi nationalism. He rehabilitated Islamist political parties that had been marginalised after independence.</p><h2>Ziaur Rahman’s assassination and a BNP–Awami League unlikely alliance</h2><p>On 30 May 1981, General Ziaur Rahman was assassinated during a failed military coup in Chittagong, along with at least 10 to 15 others. His widow, Khaleda Zia, later blamed elements linked to the Awami League.</p><p>What followed was another period of military rule under Hussain Muhammad Ershad, from 1982 to 1990. Despite their deep hostility, Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League and Khaleda Zia’s BNP formed an uneasy alliance to oppose Ershad.</p><p>This period saw repeated shutdowns, protests and violent clashes that paralysed the country and killed dozens. Eventually, sustained unrest forced Ershad to resign in December 1990.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/bangladesh-s-first-female-pm-khaleda-zia-dies-after-prolonged-illness-1767058663201">Bangladesh’s first female PM Khaleda Zia dies after prolonged illness: From democracy icon to years in jail – Here's all about her</a></p><h2>Power seesaw between Zia and Hasina</h2><p>In 1991, Bangladesh returned to parliamentary democracy. Khaleda Zia won the election and became the country’s first female prime minister. She governed from 1991 to 1996, with parliamentary support from the Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islami.</p><p>But stability proved elusive. In 1996, after months of protests, strikes and a disputed election, Sheikh Hasina won power and served as prime minister from 1996 to 2001.</p><p>Her term was marked by intense political confrontation, both rhetorical and physical.&nbsp;</p><p>In 2001, Khaleda Zia returned to power with a landslide victory and ruled from 2001 to 2006. Violence after the election killed dozens of Awami League supporters and members of minority communities, according to human rights groups.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/sports/why-no-matches-in-bpl-today-bangladesh-boards-postpones-games-following-death-of-two-time-pm-khaleda-zia-1767078812637">No matches in BPL today? Bangladesh boards postpones games following death of two-time PM Khaleda Zia</a></p><h2>An escalation of violence</h2><p>Street clashes evolved into large-scale violence. On 21 August 2004, a grenade attack on an Awami League rally in Dhaka, aimed at Sheikh Hasina, killed at least 24 people and injured more than 300. Hasina survived but suffered permanent hearing damage.</p><p>A prolonged legal process followed. Courts later blamed Islamist militants and senior BNP figures for the attack, findings that the BNP rejected as politically motivated.</p><p>From 2006 to 2008, a BNP–Awami League deadlock over election administration led to further street violence. In January 2007, a military-backed caretaker government took power under a state of emergency, arresting both Hasina and Khaleda Zia on corruption charges. Dozens more people were killed during this period of unrest.</p><h2>Hasina’s long rule: Historical justice or acts of retribution?</h2><p>In the elections held at the end of 2008, Sheikh Hasina won a landslide victory, beginning a long period in office that lasted until 2024.</p><p>During this time, trials were concluded for those convicted of involvement in the 1975 coup that killed her father and much of her family. At least 12 former military officers were hanged, which Hasina described as historic justice. BNP supporters, however, accused her of selective retribution.</p><p>Between 2013 and 2016, Hasina’s government intensified prosecutions through the International Crimes Tribunal for atrocities committed during the 1971 war of independence. Several senior Jamaat-e-Islami leaders were executed by hanging, along with prominent BNP figures such as Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury and Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed.</p><p>These executions triggered widespread unrest. Protests, riots and petrol-bomb attacks erupted nationwide, leading to an estimated 200 to 500 deaths over several years, including civilians, police officers and protesters.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/khaleda-zia-bnp-leader-and-ex-pm-passes-away-at-80-1767065656966/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/khaleda-zia-bnp-leader-and-ex-pm-passes-away-at-80-1767065656966/embed</a></p><h2>An election without the opposition</h2><p>In 2014, the BNP boycotted the general election, demanding a neutral caretaker government to oversee the vote. With low voter turnout and most seats uncontested, the Awami League won overwhelmingly. Election-related violence killed dozens of people.</p><p>In 2015, the BNP launched nationwide blockades and shutdowns, known as hartals, against Hasina’s rule. At least 50 people were killed, many in arson attacks, and thousands were arrested.</p><p>In 2018, Khaleda Zia was convicted in corruption cases and jailed. She remained in prison or under house arrest until 2024. Supporters and international observers described the cases as politically motivated, a charge denied by the government.</p><h2>The collapse of Hasina’s rule</h2><p>In July and August 2024, student-led protests against Sheikh Hasina’s rule escalated into a mass uprising. Security forces responded with lethal force. Estimates of the death toll range from around 1,000 to 1,500, including protesters, bystanders and police.</p><p>On 5 August 2024, Sheikh Hasina fled Bangladesh for India, and an interim administration took over.</p><p>In the months that followed, Khaleda Zia was released from detention, and her convictions were overturned or suspended. By then, her health had significantly deteriorated.</p><p>In 2025, Sheikh Hasina faced trials in absentia for alleged crimes linked to the 2024 crackdown and other cases. Some tribunals sentenced her to death in absentia, in rulings criticised internationally as politically motivated and lacking due process.</p><h2>Return of the son, and death of the mother</h2><p>As Khaleda Zia’s health worsened, her son Tarique Rahman returned to Bangladesh from Britain after years in exile. Just days after his return, Khaleda Zia died at the age of 80.</p><p>This may mark the end of a rivalry that defined Bangladeshi politics for more than three decades. Yet it may also signal the beginning of a new phase of confrontation between the BNP and the Awami League, carried forward by a new generation.</p>

Khaleda Zia’s death closes a brutal era of Bangladesh’s “Battle of the Begums”, marked by coups, assassinations, executions and mass protests that left thousands dead. Here is a timeline of that rivalry


The death of Begum Khaleda Zia ends a major chapter in the decades-long revenge politics between the BNP leader and Awami League chief Sheikh Hasina, which shaped Bangladesh’s history as an independent nation. Much of the country’s political story since the 1970s has been a struggle for power between a widow and a daughter. Sheikh Hasina is the daughter of Bangladesh’s founding father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Khaleda Zia, who died on Tuesday (Dec 30), was the widow of former military ruler General Ziaur Rahman. With Hasina ousted as prime minister in 2024 and Khaleda Zia’s son, Tarique Rahman, returning to Bangladesh after years of exile, an open question remains: will the BNP–Awami League rivalry pass into the next generation, or finally come to an end? Here is a timeline of how it all started, and evolved over four decades. The roots of rivalry between Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina The seeds of this rivalry were sown on 15 August 1975, when Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was killed in a military coup along with at least 14 others, including his wife, three sons, close relatives and guards. Sheikh Hasina escaped the assassination because she was abroad at the time. Over the course of her political career, Hasina pursued those responsible for the coup. Many were tried decades later, and at least 12 former military officers were executed by hanging between 2010 and 2020 after lengthy trials. Also read: PM Modi 'deeply saddened' on Khaleda Zia's demise: What was her role in development of Bangladesh-India ties General Ziaur Rahman, who was aware of the 1975 coup but did not directly participate in it, consolidated power in its aftermath and eventually became president. His rule shifted Bangladesh away from the Awami League’s founding secular ethos and towards Bangladeshi nationalism. He rehabilitated Islamist political parties that had been marginalised after independence. Ziaur Rahman’s assassination and a BNP–Awami League unlikely alliance On 30 May 1981, General Ziaur Rahman was assassinated during a failed military coup in Chittagong, along with at least 10 to 15 others. His widow, Khaleda Zia, later blamed elements linked to the Awami League. What followed was another period of military rule under Hussain Muhammad Ershad, from 1982 to 1990. Despite their deep hostility, Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League and Khaleda Zia’s BNP formed an uneasy alliance to oppose Ershad. This period saw repeated shutdowns, protests and violent clashes that paralysed the country and killed dozens. Eventually, sustained unrest forced Ershad to resign in December 1990. Also read: Bangladesh’s first female PM Khaleda Zia dies after prolonged illness: From democracy icon to years in jail – Here's all about her Power seesaw between Zia and Hasina In 1991, Bangladesh returned to parliamentary democracy. Khaleda Zia won the election and became the country’s first female prime minister. She governed from 1991 to 1996, with parliamentary support from the Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islami. But stability proved elusive. In 1996, after months of protests, strikes and a disputed election, Sheikh Hasina won power and served as prime minister from 1996 to 2001. Her term was marked by intense political confrontation, both rhetorical and physical. In 2001, Khaleda Zia returned to power with a landslide victory and ruled from 2001 to 2006. Violence after the election killed dozens of Awami League supporters and members of minority communities, according to human rights groups. Also read: No matches in BPL today? Bangladesh boards postpones games following death of two-time PM Khaleda Zia An escalation of violence Street clashes evolved into large-scale violence. On 21 August 2004, a grenade attack on an Awami League rally in Dhaka, aimed at Sheikh Hasina, killed at least 24 people and injured more than 300. Hasina survived but suffered permanent hearing damage. A prolonged legal process followed. Courts later blamed Islamist militants and senior BNP figures for the attack, findings that the BNP rejected as politically motivated. From 2006 to 2008, a BNP–Awami League deadlock over election administration led to further street violence. In January 2007, a military-backed caretaker government took power under a state of emergency, arresting both Hasina and Khaleda Zia on corruption charges. Dozens more people were killed during this period of unrest. Hasina’s long rule: Historical justice or acts of retribution? In the elections held at the end of 2008, Sheikh Hasina won a landslide victory, beginning a long period in office that lasted until 2024. During this time, trials were concluded for those convicted of involvement in the 1975 coup that killed her father and much of her family. At least 12 former military officers were hanged, which Hasina described as historic justice. BNP supporters, however, accused her of selective retribution. Between 2013 and 2016, Hasina’s government intensified prosecutions through the International Crimes Tribunal for atrocities committed during the 1971 war of independence. Several senior Jamaat-e-Islami leaders were executed by hanging, along with prominent BNP figures such as Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury and Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed. These executions triggered widespread unrest. Protests, riots and petrol-bomb attacks erupted nationwide, leading to an estimated 200 to 500 deaths over several years, including civilians, police officers and protesters. https://www.wionews.com/videos/khaleda-zia-bnp-leader-and-ex-pm-passes-away-at-80-1767065656966/embed An election without the opposition In 2014, the BNP boycotted the general election, demanding a neutral caretaker government to oversee the vote. With low voter turnout and most seats uncontested, the Awami League won overwhelmingly. Election-related violence killed dozens of people. In 2015, the BNP launched nationwide blockades and shutdowns, known as hartals, against Hasina’s rule. At least 50 people were killed, many in arson attacks, and thousands were arrested. In 2018, Khaleda Zia was convicted in corruption cases and jailed. She remained in prison or under house arrest until 2024. Supporters and international observers described the cases as politically motivated, a charge denied by the government. The collapse of Hasina’s rule In July and August 2024, student-led protests against Sheikh Hasina’s rule escalated into a mass uprising. Security forces responded with lethal force. Estimates of the death toll range from around 1,000 to 1,500, including protesters, bystanders and police. On 5 August 2024, Sheikh Hasina fled Bangladesh for India, and an interim administration took over. In the months that followed, Khaleda Zia was released from detention, and her convictions were overturned or suspended. By then, her health had significantly deteriorated. In 2025, Sheikh Hasina faced trials in absentia for alleged crimes linked to the 2024 crackdown and other cases. Some tribunals sentenced her to death in absentia, in rulings criticised internationally as politically motivated and lacking due process. Return of the son, and death of the mother As Khaleda Zia’s health worsened, her son Tarique Rahman returned to Bangladesh from Britain after years in exile. Just days after his return, Khaleda Zia died at the age of 80. This may mark the end of a rivalry that defined Bangladeshi politics for more than three decades. Yet it may also signal the beginning of a new phase of confrontation between the BNP and the Awami League, carried forward by a new generation.

<p>Khaleda Zia’s death closes a brutal era of Bangladesh’s “Battle of the Begums”, marked by coups, assassinations, executions and mass protests that left thousands dead. Here is a timeline of that rivalry<br>&nbsp;</p>

Khaleda Zia death ends saga of revenge politics with Sheikh Hasina in Bangladesh. Or will a new generation carry on? 'Battle of Begums' timeline

<p>For all big companies, labour is a necessary nuisance. Indian gig workers are the backbone of the country’s e-commerce giants, food delivery apps and app-based transport services. But for over a decade, they have not benefited from the massive profits made by most of these companies. While keeping them as contract workers without any employment benefits, the firms involved seem to have indirectly contributed to their unionising. The firms forgot that the gig worker has the ability to grind businesses to a halt, quite literally. The Christmas day strike, in which some 400,000 gig workers reportedly took part, indicated this. The workers are threatening a similar action on New Year’s Eve. Here is why the gig worker strikes should be taken seriously by the industry.</p><h2>The delivery workers’ strike: The first shot has been fired, but what do they want?</h2><p>Delivery workers across India held a nationwide flash strike on Thursday (Dec 25). This was organised by unions like Telangana Gig and Platform Workers Union (TGPWU) and Indian Federation of App-based Transport Workers (IFAT), with solidarity expressed by drivers of food delivery apps. The workers are demanding better wages, safer conditions, social security, transparent pay and respect for rights. They want an end to arbitrary account deactivations without an appeal process, unsafe and ultra-fast delivery demands, and better labour protections. Services were disrupted in several major cities.</p><p>The strikes by Ola/Uber/Rapido drivers in July in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur and in June in Jaipur were led by unions like IFAT and Maharashtra Gig Kamgar Manch. The demands are almost always the same: fixed or higher minimum fares at par with traditional taxis, and caps on platform commissions, transparent ID reactivation and grievance redressal processes.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/india-labour-laws-what-you-need-to-know-1764071685283/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/india-labour-laws-what-you-need-to-know-1764071685283/embed</a></p><h2>What are the labour laws governing Indian gig workers?</h2><p>India’s labour framework for gig workers, including online platform-based workers, is governed by the Code on Social Security, 2020, which was fully implemented on November 21 this year as part of four new consolidated Labour Codes replacing 29 older laws. For the first time, gig workers, who earn outside traditional employer–employee relationships, and platform workers, who perform work via digital platforms, were formally defined and included in this framework.</p><p>Under these rules, they are supposed to get life and disability insurance, accident insurance, health and maternity benefits, provident fund (PF), gratuity for fixed-term workers after one year, old-age protection and/or pension. These schemes are to be funded through a social security fund to which platform players are required to contribute 1–2 per cent of their annual turnover, capped at 5 per cent of payments to workers.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/7-ways-ai-can-damage-indian-economy-if-it-clings-to-cheap-manual-labour-1765400158654">7 ways AI can damage Indian economy if it clings to cheap manual labour?</a></p><h2>Labour reforms are on paper but not implemented fully</h2><p>Even as these provisions are in force, progress has been slow on schemes, registration mechanisms, and state-level rules to implement them. Gig workers are yet to get full access to these benefits, as companies are only waking up to the law and setting up mechanisms. While some states have already pioneered specific gig worker welfare laws, many lag in this direction.</p><p>Rajasthan’s Platform-Based Gig Workers (Registration and Welfare) Act, 2023 established a Welfare Board, mandatory registration of workers and aggregators, a welfare fund via a transaction cess and grievance redressal. Yet, full implementation has been delayed.</p><p>Karnataka’s Platform-Based Gig Workers (Social Security and Welfare) Act, 2025 has transaction-based fees and stronger grievance mechanisms. Other states like Jharkhand and Bihar passed similar laws in 2025.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/-your-boss-can-t-bully-you-anymore-top-7-ways-to-defend-your-rights-under-india-s-new-labour-codes-in-2026-1763811689423">'Your boss can’t bully you anymore': Top 7 ways to defend your rights under India’s new labour codes in 2026</a></p><h2>Gig workers are not classified as traditional 'employees'</h2><p>There are certain loopholes that platform players appear to be exploiting. For instance, even the new labour code does not classify gig workers as employees, which preserves platform flexibility. The idea is that gig workers could get limited entitlements without full employment protections. This leaves a lot to interpretation: There is no minimum wage guarantee under the Social Security Code specifically for gig workers.</p><p>Ride-hailing platforms like Ola and Uber generally classify gig workers as independent contractors or “partners” rather than employees. This allows flexibility (read: not giving full employment benefits) for the platforms and limited protections for the workers, leading to complaints.</p><p>Other issues include high commissions taken by ride-hailing apps, often up to 30 per cent per ride, which reduces net earnings for drivers. Many cab drivers earn ₹400–800 net per day after expenses, including fuel, vehicle maintenance and loan repayments, even as they put in more time than traditional employees, up to 14 hours. Some states have guidelines such as Motor Vehicles Aggregator Guidelines 2025 which cap the login time of drivers at 12 hours per day.</p><h2>Hire and fire at will: From arbitrary account suspensions to toll on physical and mental health</h2><p>Since the collapse of gainful employment in post-pandemic years, there is an oversupply of drivers in the gig economy, whcih actually lowers the earnings per worker.</p><p>As they are only “partners” and not employees, delivery and driving apps have the ability to arbitrarily suspend gig workers’ accounts without a proper appeal process. This often leads to a sudden loss of income for them.<br>Historically, no PF, health insurance, paid leave, or gratuity has been given to gig workers, who are also expected to bear the costs of risks like accidents and repairs.&nbsp;</p><p>Many drivers take high-interest loans for vehicles, encouraged by initial incentives given by the apps, which are later dropped.</p><p>Gig workers often face physical and mental health issues, with surveys reporting violence or harassment against them.</p><h2>Profit over worker welfare can lead to collapse of the system</h2><p>The recent events in aviation is a good example of how, when rules on labour welfare are strictly implemented, those who did not build trustworthy systems will collapse, hurting both the consumer and the worker.<br>The platforms that use gig workers, some of whom are still operating at heavy losses, are prioritising growth, scale and low fares for customers. But the algorithmic fare controls and arbitrary changes of incentives are hurting the workers.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/viral-video-shows-indians-dancing-on-moscow-streets-claims-to-be-part-of-labour-contingent-here-s-why-1766402658392">Viral video shows 'Indians dancing on Moscow streets', claims to be part of labour contingent — Here's why</a></p><h2>A bigger strike can spell doom for the nascent industry</h2><p>It is important for the e-commerce and platform giants to understand that labour unrest is their biggest vulnerability.&nbsp;</p><p>In a sector where labour is kept away from benefits despite several state-level laws and codes, their organising power can come down like a hammer, hurting company bottomlines and investors alike.&nbsp;</p>

Indian gig workers across delivery and ride-hailing platforms are striking over low pay, unsafe conditions and lack of social security, exposing how labour unrest threatens e-commerce and platform business models.

For all big companies, labour is a necessary nuisance. Indian gig workers are the backbone of the country’s e-commerce giants, food delivery apps and app-based transport services. But for over a decade, they have not benefited from the massive profits made by most of these companies. While keeping them as contract workers without any employment benefits, the firms involved seem to have indirectly contributed to their unionising. The firms forgot that the gig worker has the ability to grind businesses to a halt, quite literally. The Christmas day strike, in which some 400,000 gig workers reportedly took part, indicated this. The workers are threatening a similar action on New Year’s Eve. Here is why the gig worker strikes should be taken seriously by the industry. The delivery workers’ strike: The first shot has been fired, but what do they want? Delivery workers across India held a nationwide flash strike on Thursday (Dec 25). This was organised by unions like Telangana Gig and Platform Workers Union (TGPWU) and Indian Federation of App-based Transport Workers (IFAT), with solidarity expressed by drivers of food delivery apps. The workers are demanding better wages, safer conditions, social security, transparent pay and respect for rights. They want an end to arbitrary account deactivations without an appeal process, unsafe and ultra-fast delivery demands, and better labour protections. Services were disrupted in several major cities. The strikes by Ola/Uber/Rapido drivers in July in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur and in June in Jaipur were led by unions like IFAT and Maharashtra Gig Kamgar Manch. The demands are almost always the same: fixed or higher minimum fares at par with traditional taxis, and caps on platform commissions, transparent ID reactivation and grievance redressal processes. https://www.wionews.com/videos/india-labour-laws-what-you-need-to-know-1764071685283/embed What are the labour laws governing Indian gig workers? India’s labour framework for gig workers, including online platform-based workers, is governed by the Code on Social Security, 2020, which was fully implemented on November 21 this year as part of four new consolidated Labour Codes replacing 29 older laws. For the first time, gig workers, who earn outside traditional employer–employee relationships, and platform workers, who perform work via digital platforms, were formally defined and included in this framework. Under these rules, they are supposed to get life and disability insurance, accident insurance, health and maternity benefits, provident fund (PF), gratuity for fixed-term workers after one year, old-age protection and/or pension. These schemes are to be funded through a social security fund to which platform players are required to contribute 1–2 per cent of their annual turnover, capped at 5 per cent of payments to workers. Also read: 7 ways AI can damage Indian economy if it clings to cheap manual labour? Labour reforms are on paper but not implemented fully Even as these provisions are in force, progress has been slow on schemes, registration mechanisms, and state-level rules to implement them. Gig workers are yet to get full access to these benefits, as companies are only waking up to the law and setting up mechanisms. While some states have already pioneered specific gig worker welfare laws, many lag in this direction. Rajasthan’s Platform-Based Gig Workers (Registration and Welfare) Act, 2023 established a Welfare Board, mandatory registration of workers and aggregators, a welfare fund via a transaction cess and grievance redressal. Yet, full implementation has been delayed. Karnataka’s Platform-Based Gig Workers (Social Security and Welfare) Act, 2025 has transaction-based fees and stronger grievance mechanisms. Other states like Jharkhand and Bihar passed similar laws in 2025. Also read: 'Your boss can’t bully you anymore': Top 7 ways to defend your rights under India’s new labour codes in 2026 Gig workers are not classified as traditional 'employees' There are certain loopholes that platform players appear to be exploiting. For instance, even the new labour code does not classify gig workers as employees, which preserves platform flexibility. The idea is that gig workers could get limited entitlements without full employment protections. This leaves a lot to interpretation: There is no minimum wage guarantee under the Social Security Code specifically for gig workers. Ride-hailing platforms like Ola and Uber generally classify gig workers as independent contractors or “partners” rather than employees. This allows flexibility (read: not giving full employment benefits) for the platforms and limited protections for the workers, leading to complaints. Other issues include high commissions taken by ride-hailing apps, often up to 30 per cent per ride, which reduces net earnings for drivers. Many cab drivers earn ₹400–800 net per day after expenses, including fuel, vehicle maintenance and loan repayments, even as they put in more time than traditional employees, up to 14 hours. Some states have guidelines such as Motor Vehicles Aggregator Guidelines 2025 which cap the login time of drivers at 12 hours per day. Hire and fire at will: From arbitrary account suspensions to toll on physical and mental health Since the collapse of gainful employment in post-pandemic years, there is an oversupply of drivers in the gig economy, whcih actually lowers the earnings per worker. As they are only “partners” and not employees, delivery and driving apps have the ability to arbitrarily suspend gig workers’ accounts without a proper appeal process. This often leads to a sudden loss of income for them. Historically, no PF, health insurance, paid leave, or gratuity has been given to gig workers, who are also expected to bear the costs of risks like accidents and repairs. Many drivers take high-interest loans for vehicles, encouraged by initial incentives given by the apps, which are later dropped. Gig workers often face physical and mental health issues, with surveys reporting violence or harassment against them. Profit over worker welfare can lead to collapse of the system The recent events in aviation is a good example of how, when rules on labour welfare are strictly implemented, those who did not build trustworthy systems will collapse, hurting both the consumer and the worker. The platforms that use gig workers, some of whom are still operating at heavy losses, are prioritising growth, scale and low fares for customers. But the algorithmic fare controls and arbitrary changes of incentives are hurting the workers. Also read: Viral video shows 'Indians dancing on Moscow streets', claims to be part of labour contingent — Here's why A bigger strike can spell doom for the nascent industry It is important for the e-commerce and platform giants to understand that labour unrest is their biggest vulnerability. In a sector where labour is kept away from benefits despite several state-level laws and codes, their organising power can come down like a hammer, hurting company bottomlines and investors alike.

<p>Indian gig workers across delivery and ride-hailing platforms are striking over low pay, unsafe conditions and lack of social security, exposing how labour unrest threatens e-commerce and platform business models.</p>

Indian gig workers strike: Did food and travel platform aggregator companies empower them by ignoring them?

<p>Nvidia has reportedly reached its largest-ever deal, a $20 billion licensing and talent acquisition agreement with AI chip startup Groq (not to be confused with the AI bot Grok from Elon Musk’s xAI). The deal smells like an attempt to gobble up a potential competitor, part of the “catch and kill” moves Silicon Valley’s big tech industry is notorious for. What is the deal, and why does it matter for one of the world’s top AI chipmaking giants? Here is what you should know.</p><h2>What is in the Groq deal with Nvidia?</h2><p>Started by former Google engineers in 2016, Groq makes LPU (Language Processing Unit) chips for ultra-fast, low-cost AI inference. The reported $20 billion all-cash deal includes asset purchases and non-exclusive technology licensing. These assets include Groq’s AI inference technology and intellectual property.</p><p>Groq’s founder and CEO Jonathan Ross, president Sunny Madra, and other senior leaders will now be part of Nvidia talent force. This deal, if confirmed, surpasses Nvidia’s $7 billion acquisition of Mellanox in 2019. As of its September 2025 funding round, Groq was valued at $6.9 billion. GroqCloud, the cloud operations arm of the startup, is not part of the deal and will continue independently under new leadership, with CFO Simon Edwards likely to be its CEO, as per reports.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/nvidia-scripts-history-becomes-first-firm-to-reach-5-trillion-market-value-following-ai-boom-1761748694795">Riding on AI boom, Nvidia scripts history, becomes first firm to reach $5 trillion market value</a></p><h2>Why Groq matters for Nvidia</h2><p>AI inference is the process of running trained AI models, such as chatbots and other real-time applications, to generate instant responses. Currently, AI inference is becoming a larger share of total AI computing demand as models move from training to deployment at scale.&nbsp;</p><p>This possibly explains Nvidia’s growing emphasis on inference optimisation alongside its dominance in AI training.</p><p>Therefore, the Groq deal could bolster AI inference leadership for Nvidia, and eventually help integrate low-latency technology into its AI chips.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed</a></p><h2>Why Groq’s tech is a coveted asset for Nvidia: The case for LPU chips</h2><p>Groq is led by ex-Googlers like Jonathan Ross, who had helped design Google’s Tensor Processing Unit (TPU). TPUs are specialised AI chips that accelerate complex AI and Machine Learning tasks behind Google's Search, Photos, Translate, and Gemini AI interface. It is also used in Google data centres, Google Cloud, devices and recommendation engines. &nbsp;</p><p>Groq builds specialised AI accelerator chips called Language Processing Units (LPUs), designed specifically for fast, low-latency, and energy-efficient AI inference.</p><p>While traditional graphics processing units (GPUs) are good at training AI models, Groq’s LPUs focus on deterministic, high-speed inference with lower power consumption.</p><p>This makes them well-suited to heavier workloads that need quick token generation.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/what-would-happen-to-nvidia-if-china-attacked-taiwan-today-a-factual-breakdown-of-the-worst-case-scenario-1764335291497">What would happen to NVIDIA if China attacked Taiwan today? A factual breakdown of the worst case scenario</a></p><h2>Catch and kill? What Nvidia is saying about Groq deal</h2><p>Reports citing Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said the deal’s goal is to integrate Groq’s low-latency processors into Nvidia’s AI architecture to enhance inference capabilities. He insisted that Nvidia is not acquiring Groq as a company.</p><p>So, the deal is perhaps an “acqui-hire” or “reverse acqui-hire”, similar to, but not exactly the same as, Microsoft’s arrangement with Inflection AI or Meta’s deal with Scale AI.</p><p>Such deals allow access to talent, IPs, and technology while avoiding the regulatory scrutiny that would have occurred in the case of a full acquisition. Note that regulators are scrutinising partial acquisitions, asset purchases, and talent transfers in AI, as firms use these structures to avoid reviews of full mergers.</p><p>At least for now, the Groq deal looks different from a catch-and-kill, or the ‘killer acquisition’ policy in which promising startups are acquired mainly to eliminate competition and shelve their technology rather than developing them further.</p><p>Even then, one must note that Groq was indeed a direct competitor to Nvidia in AI inference, where the latter faced more rivals than in AI training.</p><p>Nvidia, for now, says it is actively planning to integrate and scale Groq’s LPU technology into its own products, including future AI factories and real-time workloads. Huang’s comments highlight an expansion of capabilities, not suppression of talent or technology, even as the deal would end Groq as an independent rival and consolidate Nvidia’s dominance in inference.</p>

Nvidia’s reported $20bn Groq deal targets the chip startup's AI inference chip technology. By licensing its LPU tech and hiring talent, Nvidia would strengthens low-latency AI computing. But is it a catch and kill approach?

Nvidia has reportedly reached its largest-ever deal, a $20 billion licensing and talent acquisition agreement with AI chip startup Groq (not to be confused with the AI bot Grok from Elon Musk’s xAI). The deal smells like an attempt to gobble up a potential competitor, part of the “catch and kill” moves Silicon Valley’s big tech industry is notorious for. What is the deal, and why does it matter for one of the world’s top AI chipmaking giants? Here is what you should know. What is in the Groq deal with Nvidia? Started by former Google engineers in 2016, Groq makes LPU (Language Processing Unit) chips for ultra-fast, low-cost AI inference. The reported $20 billion all-cash deal includes asset purchases and non-exclusive technology licensing. These assets include Groq’s AI inference technology and intellectual property. Groq’s founder and CEO Jonathan Ross, president Sunny Madra, and other senior leaders will now be part of Nvidia talent force. This deal, if confirmed, surpasses Nvidia’s $7 billion acquisition of Mellanox in 2019. As of its September 2025 funding round, Groq was valued at $6.9 billion. GroqCloud, the cloud operations arm of the startup, is not part of the deal and will continue independently under new leadership, with CFO Simon Edwards likely to be its CEO, as per reports. Also read: Riding on AI boom, Nvidia scripts history, becomes first firm to reach $5 trillion market value Why Groq matters for Nvidia AI inference is the process of running trained AI models, such as chatbots and other real-time applications, to generate instant responses. Currently, AI inference is becoming a larger share of total AI computing demand as models move from training to deployment at scale. This possibly explains Nvidia’s growing emphasis on inference optimisation alongside its dominance in AI training. Therefore, the Groq deal could bolster AI inference leadership for Nvidia, and eventually help integrate low-latency technology into its AI chips. https://www.wionews.com/videos/nvidia-hits-5tn-market-cap-world-business-watch-wion-1761801804595/embed Why Groq’s tech is a coveted asset for Nvidia: The case for LPU chips Groq is led by ex-Googlers like Jonathan Ross, who had helped design Google’s Tensor Processing Unit (TPU). TPUs are specialised AI chips that accelerate complex AI and Machine Learning tasks behind Google's Search, Photos, Translate, and Gemini AI interface. It is also used in Google data centres, Google Cloud, devices and recommendation engines. Groq builds specialised AI accelerator chips called Language Processing Units (LPUs), designed specifically for fast, low-latency, and energy-efficient AI inference. While traditional graphics processing units (GPUs) are good at training AI models, Groq’s LPUs focus on deterministic, high-speed inference with lower power consumption. This makes them well-suited to heavier workloads that need quick token generation. Also read: What would happen to NVIDIA if China attacked Taiwan today? A factual breakdown of the worst case scenario Catch and kill? What Nvidia is saying about Groq deal Reports citing Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said the deal’s goal is to integrate Groq’s low-latency processors into Nvidia’s AI architecture to enhance inference capabilities. He insisted that Nvidia is not acquiring Groq as a company. So, the deal is perhaps an “acqui-hire” or “reverse acqui-hire”, similar to, but not exactly the same as, Microsoft’s arrangement with Inflection AI or Meta’s deal with Scale AI. Such deals allow access to talent, IPs, and technology while avoiding the regulatory scrutiny that would have occurred in the case of a full acquisition. Note that regulators are scrutinising partial acquisitions, asset purchases, and talent transfers in AI, as firms use these structures to avoid reviews of full mergers. At least for now, the Groq deal looks different from a catch-and-kill, or the ‘killer acquisition’ policy in which promising startups are acquired mainly to eliminate competition and shelve their technology rather than developing them further. Even then, one must note that Groq was indeed a direct competitor to Nvidia in AI inference, where the latter faced more rivals than in AI training. Nvidia, for now, says it is actively planning to integrate and scale Groq’s LPU technology into its own products, including future AI factories and real-time workloads. Huang’s comments highlight an expansion of capabilities, not suppression of talent or technology, even as the deal would end Groq as an independent rival and consolidate Nvidia’s dominance in inference.

<p>Nvidia’s reported $20bn Groq deal targets the chip startup's AI inference chip technology. By licensing its LPU tech and hiring talent, Nvidia would strengthens low-latency AI computing. But is it a catch and kill approach?</p>

Catch and kill? Why Nvidia’s record $20 billion deal with AI chip startup Groq matters

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