<p>After five months of radio silence, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Voyager 1 probe is back from the dead.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In a stellar display of problem-solving, a team of mission engineers have devised a workaround to a key computer chip whose failure led the 46-year-old spacecraft to only beam back an indecipherable repeating pattern of code.</p>

<h2><strong>Beaming gibberish</strong></h2>

<p>Since November last year, Voyager 1's flight data system had been stuck in a loop. The spacecraft, which is currently around 15 billion miles away from earth, began sending gibberish that NASA could not decipher. The data received was unusable, and the scientists were unable to determine Voyager 1's health status.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-believe-uranus-and-neptune-are-ice-giants-but-a-new-study-hints-at-something-else-712635">Scientists believe Uranus and Neptune are 'ice giants,' but a new study hints at something else</a></strong></p>

<p>Months later, in March, the Voyager engineering team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California confirmed that the "issue was tied to one of the spacecraft's three onboard computers, called the flight data subsystem (FDS)."</p>

<p>"The FDS is responsible for packaging the science and engineering data before it's sent to Earth," reports NASA.</p>

<p>They found that a single chip responsible for storing a portion of the FDS memory wasn't working.</p>

<p>Now, NASA scientists have devised an audacious workaround the ageing spacecraft's faulty chip — they rewrote the corrupted software from scratch and relocated it piecemeal into unaffected areas of the probe's computer memory.</p>

<h2><strong>How did they do it?</strong></h2>

<p>The team started their journey towards finding a possible solution by "singling out the code responsible for packaging the spacecraft's engineering data," and sending "it to its new location in the FDS memory on April 18."</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/trending/natures-grand-theatre-volcanic-eruption-and-northern-lights-create-stunning-visuals-in-iceland-watch-712812">Nature’s grand theatre: Volcanic eruption and northern lights create stunning visuals in Iceland. Watch!</a></strong></p>

<p>According to NASA, "a radio signal takes about 22 ½ hours to reach Voyager 1, which is over 15 billion miles (24 billion kilometres) from Earth, and another 22 ½ hours for a signal to come back to Earth."</p>

<p>"When the mission flight team heard back from the spacecraft on April 20, they saw that the modification worked: For the first time in five months, they have been able to check the health and status of the spacecraft," added the space agency.</p>

<p>Although old, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 are one of humanity's greatest achievements. The twin voyager spacecraft "are the longest-running and most distant spacecraft in history."</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


After five months of radio silence, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Voyager 1 probe is back from the dead. In a stellar display of problem-solving, a team of mission engineers have devised a workaround to a key computer chip whose failure led the 46-year-old spacecraft to only beam back an indecipherable repeating pattern of code.

After five months of radio silence, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Voyager 1 probe is back from the dead. In a stellar display of problem-solving, a team of mission engineers have devised a workaround to a key computer chip whose failure led the 46-year-old spacecraft to only beam back an indecipherable repeating pattern of code. Beaming gibberish Since November last year, Voyager 1's flight data system had been stuck in a loop. The spacecraft, which is currently around 15 billion miles away from earth, began sending gibberish that NASA could not decipher. The data received was unusable, and the scientists were unable to determine Voyager 1's health status. Also read | Scientists believe Uranus and Neptune are 'ice giants,' but a new study hints at something else Months later, in March, the Voyager engineering team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California confirmed that the "issue was tied to one of the spacecraft's three onboard computers, called the flight data subsystem (FDS)." "The FDS is responsible for packaging the science and engineering data before it's sent to Earth," reports NASA. They found that a single chip responsible for storing a portion of the FDS memory wasn't working. Now, NASA scientists have devised an audacious workaround the ageing spacecraft's faulty chip — they rewrote the corrupted software from scratch and relocated it piecemeal into unaffected areas of the probe's computer memory. How did they do it? The team started their journey towards finding a possible solution by "singling out the code responsible for packaging the spacecraft's engineering data," and sending "it to its new location in the FDS memory on April 18." Also read | Nature’s grand theatre: Volcanic eruption and northern lights create stunning visuals in Iceland. Watch! According to NASA, "a radio signal takes about 22 ½ hours to reach Voyager 1, which is over 15 billion miles (24 billion kilometres) from Earth, and another 22 ½ hours for a signal to come back to Earth." "When the mission flight team heard back from the spacecraft on April 20, they saw that the modification worked: For the first time in five months, they have been able to check the health and status of the spacecraft," added the space agency. Although old, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 are one of humanity's greatest achievements. The twin voyager spacecraft "are the longest-running and most distant spacecraft in history." (With inputs from agencies)

Voyager 1 ends 'radio silence' thanks to NASA's software repair 15 billion miles away from Earth

<p><meta name="uuid" content="uuiddIpOyp6YusIL" /></p>

<p>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to achieve 'debris-free' space missions by 2030.&nbsp;</p>

<p>ISRO announced in late March that one of its satellite missions "practically left zero debris in orbit" after they lowered a spent rocket stage to burn up in Earth's atmosphere during re-entry. Chairman S Somnath said last week that they will use similar deorbiting techniques to make future missions "debris-free" by the end of this decade.</p>

<p>In a session hosted by the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordinating Committee (IADC), Somnath said, "Over the years, sufficient skill has&nbsp;been developed&nbsp;within ISRO in dealing with topics related to debris management." He added, "We want to make sure that for all the spacecraft we are likely to launch in the future, we will be taking action to make sure that we deorbit and bring it to a safe location."</p>

<p>IADC has 13 spacefaring member nations. Currently, India has 54 spacecraft in orbit, excluding non-functional satellites. Of these, 13 were deorbited for reentry into Earth's atmosphere last year.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In February, ISRO lowered an Earth-observation satellite named Cartostat-2, launched in 2007, for a controlled atmospheric reentry over the Indian Ocean. As per predictions, all&nbsp;major&nbsp;parts of the satellite&nbsp;vapourised during the event.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/change-6-missions-experimental-satellites-beam-back-eerie-image-of-moon-and-earth-714096">Crater-filled Moon and faint Earth in the background: Chinese satellites beam eerie image from space</a></p>

<p>However, this may not always be the case&nbsp;as&nbsp;it's tough to foretell whether a&nbsp;certain&nbsp;satellite will burn entirely during reentry. Scientists are realising that more entities endure the journey to the surface than previously thought, Space.com reported.</p>

<p>Last month, a piece of debris from a pallet of used batteries thrown overboard from the International Space Station slammed into a home in Florida.&nbsp;This&nbsp;proved NASA's prediction wrong that it would burn up&nbsp;completely&nbsp;in space.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Approximately 30,000 objects in low Earth orbit are&nbsp;larger&nbsp;than a softball, and millions of smaller objects are&nbsp;less than a centimetre in size.&nbsp;These objects can circle the Earth at speeds&nbsp;that can reach&nbsp;up to ten times that of a bullet.</p>

<p>The primary source of space junk is owing to spent rocket stages, dead satellites, and malfunctioning satellites&nbsp;which&nbsp;have&nbsp;been&nbsp;abandoned&nbsp;in their orbits around Earth.&nbsp;These abandoned objects have caused collisions and accidental explosions&nbsp;which&nbsp;have prompted&nbsp;space agencies and private companies&nbsp;to intentionally lower their satellites for atmospheric reentries.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to achieve 'debris-free' space missions by 2030. ISRO announced in late March that one of its satellite missions "practically left zero debris in orbit" after they lowered a spent rocket stage to burn up in Earth's atmosphere during re-entry.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) aims to achieve 'debris-free' space missions by 2030. ISRO announced in late March that one of its satellite missions "practically left zero debris in orbit" after they lowered a spent rocket stage to burn up in Earth's atmosphere during re-entry. Chairman S Somnath said last week that they will use similar deorbiting techniques to make future missions "debris-free" by the end of this decade. In a session hosted by the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordinating Committee (IADC), Somnath said, "Over the years, sufficient skill has been developed within ISRO in dealing with topics related to debris management." He added, "We want to make sure that for all the spacecraft we are likely to launch in the future, we will be taking action to make sure that we deorbit and bring it to a safe location." IADC has 13 spacefaring member nations. Currently, India has 54 spacecraft in orbit, excluding non-functional satellites. Of these, 13 were deorbited for reentry into Earth's atmosphere last year. In February, ISRO lowered an Earth-observation satellite named Cartostat-2, launched in 2007, for a controlled atmospheric reentry over the Indian Ocean. As per predictions, all major parts of the satellite vapourised during the event. ALSO READ | Crater-filled Moon and faint Earth in the background: Chinese satellites beam eerie image from space However, this may not always be the case as it's tough to foretell whether a certain satellite will burn entirely during reentry. Scientists are realising that more entities endure the journey to the surface than previously thought, Space.com reported. Last month, a piece of debris from a pallet of used batteries thrown overboard from the International Space Station slammed into a home in Florida. This proved NASA's prediction wrong that it would burn up completely in space. Approximately 30,000 objects in low Earth orbit are larger than a softball, and millions of smaller objects are less than a centimetre in size. These objects can circle the Earth at speeds that can reach up to ten times that of a bullet. The primary source of space junk is owing to spent rocket stages, dead satellites, and malfunctioning satellites which have been abandoned in their orbits around Earth. These abandoned objects have caused collisions and accidental explosions which have prompted space agencies and private companies to intentionally lower their satellites for atmospheric reentries. (With inputs from agencies)

India eyes 'debris-free' space mission by the end of decade, says ISRO Chairman

The chief of US space agency NASA has told lawmakers in Washington that China is using civilian programmes to hide military objectives in space. Watch to know more.

US, China accuse each other of 'militarising space'

Chinese military, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), on Friday (Apr 19) accused the United States of "militarising space" by building a spy satellite network with Elon Musk’s SpaceX. Watch in for more details!

US militarising space with starshield satellite network, says China

US militarising space with Elon Musk's Starshield satellite network: China

<p>Space is becoming increasingly cluttered, not just with functioning spacecraft but also with the debris of those that have outlived their usefulness. As companies like SpaceX, among others, vie for supremacy in the satellite internet arena, the skies are witnessing a surge in space debris that is reportedly posing a challenge to life itself.</p>

<p>Now, experts are reportedly warning of a potential threat to Earth's magnetic field.&nbsp;<br />
<br />
Dr Jonathan McDowell from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics is highlighting the alarming rate at which companies are deploying satellite constellations, projecting a potential surge to 100,000 satellites within the next decade.</p>

<p>The rapid expansion of these mega-constellations could inundate Earth's plasma environment with hazardous trash and may jeopardise the delicate balance of the magnetosphere.</p>

<p>The influx of metallic debris from defunct rockets could disrupt the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Both of these are essential systems that play important roles in protecting our atmosphere and sustaining life on Earth. These dynamic layers of Earth's upper atmosphere interact with the solar wind and cosmic radiation and creates a shield against harmful particles and radiation from space.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/devil-comet-makes-spectacular-return-after-7-decades-graces-australian-skies-713033">Devil Comet makes spectacular return after 7 decades, graces Australian skies</a></p>

<p>Current estimates are likening the menace to multiple Eiffel Towers' worth of metallic ash annually. This influx also poses the risk of ozone depletion and atmospheric erosion.</p>

<p>The ionosphere, located roughly 48 to 965 kilometres above the Earth's surface is a region of the atmosphere where atoms and molecules become ionised by solar radiation. This process creates a layer of charged particles that reflects radio waves and enables long-distance communication via radio signals.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/hubbles-latest-marvel-twin-jet-nebula-stuns-everyone-713001">Hubble's latest marvel: Twin Jet Nebula stuns everyone!</a></p>

<p>This Ionosphere helps to protect life on Earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun, which can cause skin cancer and other health issues if it reaches the Earth's surface in large quantities.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | Study says climate change to shrink global GDP by $38 trillion by 2050</strong></p>

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<p>The lack of comprehensive studies on the impact of space pollution on the magnetosphere is concerning.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Space is becoming increasingly cluttered, not just with functioning spacecraft but also with the debris of those that have outlived their usefulness. As companies like SpaceX, among others, vie for supremacy in the satellite internet arena, the skies are witnessing a surge in space debris that is reportedly posing a challenge to life itself.

Space is becoming increasingly cluttered, not just with functioning spacecraft but also with the debris of those that have outlived their usefulness. As companies like SpaceX, among others, vie for supremacy in the satellite internet arena, the skies are witnessing a surge in space debris that is reportedly posing a challenge to life itself. Now, experts are reportedly warning of a potential threat to Earth's magnetic field. Dr Jonathan McDowell from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics is highlighting the alarming rate at which companies are deploying satellite constellations, projecting a potential surge to 100,000 satellites within the next decade. The rapid expansion of these mega-constellations could inundate Earth's plasma environment with hazardous trash and may jeopardise the delicate balance of the magnetosphere. The influx of metallic debris from defunct rockets could disrupt the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Both of these are essential systems that play important roles in protecting our atmosphere and sustaining life on Earth. These dynamic layers of Earth's upper atmosphere interact with the solar wind and cosmic radiation and creates a shield against harmful particles and radiation from space. Also Read | Devil Comet makes spectacular return after 7 decades, graces Australian skies Current estimates are likening the menace to multiple Eiffel Towers' worth of metallic ash annually. This influx also poses the risk of ozone depletion and atmospheric erosion. The ionosphere, located roughly 48 to 965 kilometres above the Earth's surface is a region of the atmosphere where atoms and molecules become ionised by solar radiation. This process creates a layer of charged particles that reflects radio waves and enables long-distance communication via radio signals. Also Read | Hubble's latest marvel: Twin Jet Nebula stuns everyone! This Ionosphere helps to protect life on Earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun, which can cause skin cancer and other health issues if it reaches the Earth's surface in large quantities. Watch | Study says climate change to shrink global GDP by $38 trillion by 2050 × The lack of comprehensive studies on the impact of space pollution on the magnetosphere is concerning. (With inputs from agencies)

Space trash threatens Earth's magnetic field

<p>In the 1980s, NASA's Voyager made a flyby past Uranus and Neptune and helped scientists conclude that the two planets are rich in frozen water.</p>

<p>Now, a new study has suggested that these planets may also contain substantial amounts of methane ice, which could help solve the puzzle of how they were formed.</p>

<h2><strong>Mystery in space</strong></h2>

<p>Uranus and Neptune have been a source of mystery due to their remote locations and the limited data available</p>

<p>Astronomers have developed models based on these observations, proposing that the planets have a thin hydrogen and helium envelope, a layer of compressed superionic water and ammonia, and a rocky core, with the water component giving them their "ice giant" designation.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-captures-erupting-volcanoes-on-jupiters-moon-io-watch-712172">NASA's Juno captures closest views of erupting volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io. Watch!</a></strong></p>

<p>However, the new study challenges this view by considering the formation process of Uranus and Neptune. As these planets took shape from the primordial dust cloud around the young sun, they would have gobbled up planetesimals — objects similar to present-day comets, reports space.com.&nbsp;</p>

<p>These planetesimals are believed to be carbon-rich, unlike the assumed water-rich building blocks in current models.</p>

<p>So "How is it possible to form an icy giant from ice-poor building blocks?" asks planetary scientist at Technion–Israel Institute of Technology Uri Malamud, the study's lead author.</p>

<p>To address this discrepancy, the researchers constructed hundreds of thousands of models of Uranus and Neptune's interiors, considering various compositions including iron, water, and methane. They found that models incorporating methane, either as solid chunks or in a mushy state under extreme pressure, best matched the planets' observed traits.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/tiny-moon-big-ocean-this-is-how-a-huge-ocean-was-created-on-saturns-death-star-moon-mimas-712562">Tiny moon, big ocean: THIS is how a huge ocean was created on Saturn's 'Death Star' moon Mimas</a></strong></p>

<p>The presence of methane could help resolve the paradox of how these "ice giants" formed. The scientists propose that the methane ice formed when hydrogen in the growing planets reacted chemically with the carbon in the accreted planetesimals, under the intense heat and pressure that would have been prevalent in the developing planets.</p>

<p>While the study sheds light on the potential composition of Uranus and Neptune, verifying the presence of methane would be challenging, said Malamud. They hope that future missions, such as those proposed by NASA, could provide further insights into these enigmatic planets and help confirm the findings of this study.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


In the 1980s, NASA's Voyager made a flyby past Uranus and Neptune and helped scientists conclude that the two planets are rich in frozen water. Now, a new study has suggested that these planets may also contain substantial amounts of methane ice, which could help solve the puzzle of how they were formed.

In the 1980s, NASA's Voyager made a flyby past Uranus and Neptune and helped scientists conclude that the two planets are rich in frozen water. Now, a new study has suggested that these planets may also contain substantial amounts of methane ice, which could help solve the puzzle of how they were formed. Mystery in space Uranus and Neptune have been a source of mystery due to their remote locations and the limited data available Astronomers have developed models based on these observations, proposing that the planets have a thin hydrogen and helium envelope, a layer of compressed superionic water and ammonia, and a rocky core, with the water component giving them their "ice giant" designation. Also read | NASA's Juno captures closest views of erupting volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io. Watch! However, the new study challenges this view by considering the formation process of Uranus and Neptune. As these planets took shape from the primordial dust cloud around the young sun, they would have gobbled up planetesimals — objects similar to present-day comets, reports space.com. These planetesimals are believed to be carbon-rich, unlike the assumed water-rich building blocks in current models. So "How is it possible to form an icy giant from ice-poor building blocks?" asks planetary scientist at Technion–Israel Institute of Technology Uri Malamud, the study's lead author. To address this discrepancy, the researchers constructed hundreds of thousands of models of Uranus and Neptune's interiors, considering various compositions including iron, water, and methane. They found that models incorporating methane, either as solid chunks or in a mushy state under extreme pressure, best matched the planets' observed traits. Also read | Tiny moon, big ocean: THIS is how a huge ocean was created on Saturn's 'Death Star' moon Mimas The presence of methane could help resolve the paradox of how these "ice giants" formed. The scientists propose that the methane ice formed when hydrogen in the growing planets reacted chemically with the carbon in the accreted planetesimals, under the intense heat and pressure that would have been prevalent in the developing planets. While the study sheds light on the potential composition of Uranus and Neptune, verifying the presence of methane would be challenging, said Malamud. They hope that future missions, such as those proposed by NASA, could provide further insights into these enigmatic planets and help confirm the findings of this study. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists believe Uranus and Neptune are 'ice giants,' but a new study hints at something else

China is bolstering its space capabilities and is using its civilian program to mask its military objectives, the head of NASA said Wednesday, warning that Washington must remain vigilant. Watch in for more details!

NASA chief warns of Chinese military presence in space

China 'militarising' space?

<p>The chief of US space agency NASA has told lawmakers in Washington that China is using civilian programmes to hide military objectives in space.</p>

<p>"China has made extraordinary strides [in space] especially in the last 10 years, but they are very, very secretive," Bill Nelson told the appropriations committee of the US House of Representatives as he testified on the US space agency's 2025 budget request.</p>

<p>"We believe that a lot of their so-called civilian space programme is a military programme. And I think, in effect, we are in a race."</p>

<p>Nelson also stressed that it was "incumbent on us" get to the moon, first as he warned: "my concern is if China got there first and suddenly said 'ok this is our territory, you stay out'."</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<meta name="uuid" content="uuid9VEXVM7C4oiS" /><meta charset="utf-8" /><a href="http://wionews.com/science/nasas-juno-captures-erupting-volcanoes-on-jupiters-moon-io-watch-712172" target="_blank">NASA's Juno captures closest views of erupting volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io. Watch!</a></strong></p>

<p>The NASA chief said that the US was not going to lose its "global edge" in space, "but you got to be realistic that China is really throwing a lot of money at it and they've got a lot of room in their budget to grow."</p>

<p>"I think that we just better not let down our guard," Nelson added.</p>

<p>The NASA chief said he hoped "the Chinese space programme would come to its senses and understand that civilian space is for peaceful uses," but added: "We have not seen that demonstrated by China."</p>

<p>With the Artemis programme NASA wants to put humans on the moon again after more than 50 years. The moon landing mission Artemis 3 was recently postponed to September 2026.</p>

<p>The long-term goal of Artemis is to establish a permanent lunar base as a foundation for missions to Mars.</p>


The chief of US space agency NASA has told lawmakers in Washington that China is using civilian programmes to hide military objectives in space. "China has made extraordinary strides [in space] especially in the last 10 years, but they are very, very secretive," Bill Nelson told the appropriations committee of the US House of Representatives as he testified on the US space agency's 2025 budget request.

The chief of US space agency NASA has told lawmakers in Washington that China is using civilian programmes to hide military objectives in space. "China has made extraordinary strides [in space] especially in the last 10 years, but they are very, very secretive," Bill Nelson told the appropriations committee of the US House of Representatives as he testified on the US space agency's 2025 budget request. "We believe that a lot of their so-called civilian space programme is a military programme. And I think, in effect, we are in a race." Nelson also stressed that it was "incumbent on us" get to the moon, first as he warned: "my concern is if China got there first and suddenly said 'ok this is our territory, you stay out'." Also read: NASA's Juno captures closest views of erupting volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io. Watch! The NASA chief said that the US was not going to lose its "global edge" in space, "but you got to be realistic that China is really throwing a lot of money at it and they've got a lot of room in their budget to grow." "I think that we just better not let down our guard," Nelson added. The NASA chief said he hoped "the Chinese space programme would come to its senses and understand that civilian space is for peaceful uses," but added: "We have not seen that demonstrated by China." With the Artemis programme NASA wants to put humans on the moon again after more than 50 years. The moon landing mission Artemis 3 was recently postponed to September 2026. The long-term goal of Artemis is to establish a permanent lunar base as a foundation for missions to Mars.

NASA chief warns of China's secretive space militarisation, urges accelerated moon mission

For a Millennia Humanity has gazed at the night sky and pondered over the universe's fate. The prevailing Theory is that the Big Bang depicts a colossal explosion that birthed the cosmos and set it on a path of endless expansion. Our next report explains the latest research on the subject.

The big crunch: Our Universe's eternal enigma

The big crunch: How will the universe end?

<p>ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity.</p>

<p>ISRO stated that the VSSC in Thiruvananthapuram used advanced Carbon-Carbon (C-C) composites to make a nozzle with top-notch features.</p>

<p>By using methods like carbonising green composites, chemical vapour infiltration, and high-temperature treatment, ISRO has created a lightweight nozzle with strong, durable properties, capable of maintaining its strength even in high temperatures.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/spacex-launches-tata-group-satellite-assembled-and-tested-in-india-709083">Also read |&nbsp;SpaceX launches TATA Group satellite assembled and tested in India</a></p>

<h2><strong>What's the special feature?</strong></h2>

<p>ISRO mentioned a special feature of the C-C nozzle: it has a coating made of silicon carbide, which helps it work better in environments where oxidation occurs. This makes it stronger against heat and corrosion, allowing it to handle tough conditions.</p>

<p>This improvement is important, especially for ISRO's main rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). Currently, the PS4 stage of the PSLV uses nozzles made of a metal called columbium alloy. But if ISRO switches these out for C-C nozzles, they could make the rocket lighter by about 67 per cent.</p>

<p>This change could let the PSLV carry 15 kg more payload into space, which is a big deal for missions.</p>

<p>Testing the C-C nozzle was a big step for ISRO. They did a 60-second test on March 19, 2024, at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test showed that the system works well and the hardware is strong.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;ISRO Chief S Somanath explains role of India's NavIC satellites; know all about NavIC satellites</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/isro-chief-s-somanath-explains-role-of-indias-navic-satellites-know-all-about-navic-satellites-708995/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>"Subsequent tests, including a 200-second hot test on April 2, 2024, further validated the nozzle's capabilities, with temperatures reaching 1216 K, matching predictions," the release said.</p>

<p>The teamwork included the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) in Valiamala near Thiruvananthapuram, which planned and set up the test. The testing and execution happened at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in IPRC, as mentioned.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity.

ISRO announced a breakthrough in rocket engine technology, having developed a lightweight Carbon-Carbon (C-C) nozzle. This innovation, achieved by the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), is set to enhance critical parameters of rocket engines, including thrust levels and payload capacity. ISRO stated that the VSSC in Thiruvananthapuram used advanced Carbon-Carbon (C-C) composites to make a nozzle with top-notch features. By using methods like carbonising green composites, chemical vapour infiltration, and high-temperature treatment, ISRO has created a lightweight nozzle with strong, durable properties, capable of maintaining its strength even in high temperatures. Also read | SpaceX launches TATA Group satellite assembled and tested in India What's the special feature? ISRO mentioned a special feature of the C-C nozzle: it has a coating made of silicon carbide, which helps it work better in environments where oxidation occurs. This makes it stronger against heat and corrosion, allowing it to handle tough conditions. This improvement is important, especially for ISRO's main rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). Currently, the PS4 stage of the PSLV uses nozzles made of a metal called columbium alloy. But if ISRO switches these out for C-C nozzles, they could make the rocket lighter by about 67 per cent. This change could let the PSLV carry 15 kg more payload into space, which is a big deal for missions. Testing the C-C nozzle was a big step for ISRO. They did a 60-second test on March 19, 2024, at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test showed that the system works well and the hardware is strong. Also watch | ISRO Chief S Somanath explains role of India's NavIC satellites; know all about NavIC satellites "Subsequent tests, including a 200-second hot test on April 2, 2024, further validated the nozzle's capabilities, with temperatures reaching 1216 K, matching predictions," the release said. The teamwork included the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) in Valiamala near Thiruvananthapuram, which planned and set up the test. The testing and execution happened at the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility in IPRC, as mentioned. (With inputs from agencies)

ISRO scientists create new lightweight nozzle for rocket engines, call it ‘breakthrough’

<p>A conference of leading cosmologists at London's Royal Society is set to challenge the conventional view that the universe is a vast, evenly speckled expanse with no notable features. This view, a fundamental pillar of the standard model of cosmology, has been the basis for understanding the Big Bang and the evolution of the universe over the past 13.7 billion years.</p>

<h2><strong>What if we're wrong?</strong></h2>

<p>This week, some of the world's leading cosmologists will come together at the Royal Society in London&nbsp;to evaluate the important question: what if this basic assumption is wrong?</p>

<p>The meeting will last two days, from April 15th (Monday) to April 16th&nbsp;(Tuesday).</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/us-space-force-readies-for-first-of-its-kind-military-exercise-in-earth-orbit-711464">US Space Force readies for first-of-its-kind military exercise in Earth orbit</a></strong></p>

<p>Cosmologist Prof Subir Sarkar of the University of Oxford, a co-organiser of the meeting, as per the Guardian said that recent high-profile astronomical observations have cast doubt on this basic assumption of uniformity across the universe.</p>

<p>These observations include evidence suggesting that the universe is expanding more quickly in some regions than others. It also hints at megastructures in the night sky, and cosmic flows - vast celestial rivers of material that challenge conventional theories.</p>

<p>"We are, in cosmology, using a model that was first formulated in 1922," said Sarkar, adding that it is so deeply ingrained that it is treated as "the religion".</p>

<p>"We have great data, but the theoretical basis is past its sell-by date. More and more people are saying the same thing and these are respected astronomers," he added.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/giant-kangaroo-double-the-size-of-animals-we-know-today-once-hopped-across-australia-study-711388">Giant kangaroo, double the size of animals we know today once 'hopped' across Australia: Study</a></strong></p>

<p>One finding presented at the conference by Dr Nathan Secrest of the US Naval Observatory suggests that the universe may be slightly lopsided. Analysing a catalogue of over 1 million quasars (extremely luminous galactic cores), his team found that one hemisphere of the sky appeared to host roughly 0.5 per cent more sources than the other.</p>

<p>If confirmed, this discrepancy could undermine the basis for dark energy, which is supposed to be the dominant component of the universe.</p>

<p>"It would mean that two-thirds of the universe has just disappeared," remarked Sarkar.</p>

<h2><strong>The expanding&nbsp;universe </strong></h2>

<p>Dr Konstantinos Migkas of Leiden University will also share findings that the rate at which the universe is expanding, known as the Hubble constant, appears to vary across space. This suggests that observations do not match predictions of the standard model at a local scale, adding "another problematic piece to the puzzle," said Migkas.</p>

<p>PhD student Alexia Lopez of the University of Central Lancashire has discovered cosmic megastructures, named Big Ring and Giant Arc, traced out by galaxies and galaxy clusters on a scale beyond which the universe should be smooth and featureless. These structures challenge the assumption that the universe is homogeneous on large scales.</p>

<p>"When we're finding a list of structures that are exceeding this scale, are they challenging this assumption that is so fundamental in cosmology?"&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Maybe there needs to be more of a critical analysis of our standard model," said Lopez.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, some scientists, like Prof George Efstathiou of the University of Cambridge, remain sceptical of these findings. At the conference, he will present his take to the scientific community. He said that while people accuse him of defending the model "they don't realise is how much time I’ve spent trying to disprove it. I completely disagree that's there’s some kind of groupthink."</p>

<p>As Prof Wendy Freeman, presenting new findings from the James Webb Space Telescope, puts it, there are "tantalising threads at varying levels of significance" that require further exploration to understand where, "if at all, the standard model breaks down."</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


A conference of leading cosmologists at London's Royal Society is set to challenge the conventional view that the universe is a vast, evenly speckled expanse with no notable features.

A conference of leading cosmologists at London's Royal Society is set to challenge the conventional view that the universe is a vast, evenly speckled expanse with no notable features. This view, a fundamental pillar of the standard model of cosmology, has been the basis for understanding the Big Bang and the evolution of the universe over the past 13.7 billion years. What if we're wrong? This week, some of the world's leading cosmologists will come together at the Royal Society in London to evaluate the important question: what if this basic assumption is wrong? The meeting will last two days, from April 15th (Monday) to April 16th (Tuesday). Also read | US Space Force readies for first-of-its-kind military exercise in Earth orbit Cosmologist Prof Subir Sarkar of the University of Oxford, a co-organiser of the meeting, as per the Guardian said that recent high-profile astronomical observations have cast doubt on this basic assumption of uniformity across the universe. These observations include evidence suggesting that the universe is expanding more quickly in some regions than others. It also hints at megastructures in the night sky, and cosmic flows - vast celestial rivers of material that challenge conventional theories. "We are, in cosmology, using a model that was first formulated in 1922," said Sarkar, adding that it is so deeply ingrained that it is treated as "the religion". "We have great data, but the theoretical basis is past its sell-by date. More and more people are saying the same thing and these are respected astronomers," he added. Also read | Giant kangaroo, double the size of animals we know today once 'hopped' across Australia: Study One finding presented at the conference by Dr Nathan Secrest of the US Naval Observatory suggests that the universe may be slightly lopsided. Analysing a catalogue of over 1 million quasars (extremely luminous galactic cores), his team found that one hemisphere of the sky appeared to host roughly 0.5 per cent more sources than the other. If confirmed, this discrepancy could undermine the basis for dark energy, which is supposed to be the dominant component of the universe. "It would mean that two-thirds of the universe has just disappeared," remarked Sarkar. The expanding universe Dr Konstantinos Migkas of Leiden University will also share findings that the rate at which the universe is expanding, known as the Hubble constant, appears to vary across space. This suggests that observations do not match predictions of the standard model at a local scale, adding "another problematic piece to the puzzle," said Migkas. PhD student Alexia Lopez of the University of Central Lancashire has discovered cosmic megastructures, named Big Ring and Giant Arc, traced out by galaxies and galaxy clusters on a scale beyond which the universe should be smooth and featureless. These structures challenge the assumption that the universe is homogeneous on large scales. "When we're finding a list of structures that are exceeding this scale, are they challenging this assumption that is so fundamental in cosmology?" "Maybe there needs to be more of a critical analysis of our standard model," said Lopez. However, some scientists, like Prof George Efstathiou of the University of Cambridge, remain sceptical of these findings. At the conference, he will present his take to the scientific community. He said that while people accuse him of defending the model "they don't realise is how much time I’ve spent trying to disprove it. I completely disagree that's there’s some kind of groupthink." As Prof Wendy Freeman, presenting new findings from the James Webb Space Telescope, puts it, there are "tantalising threads at varying levels of significance" that require further exploration to understand where, "if at all, the standard model breaks down." (With inputs from agencies)

More complex than we thought? Cosmologists set to question the standards of how we view the universe

<p>NASA's Webb Telescope discovered margarita and vinegar-like chemicals on a protostar. They shared this finding on Instagram. These substances were found in two young stars without planets.</p>

<p>"There are two servings in this discovery. This image shows the region near protostar IRAS 23385. Protostar IRAS 2A may be similar to the early stages of our own solar system. Chemicals identified around this protostar may also have been in the first stages of development of our solar system and later delivered to the primitive Earth," the post read.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>"Image of a molecular cloud region. The orange cloud is dense and bright near the top and grows darker and wispier toward the bottom. One bright star with short diffraction spikes and several dimmer stars are visible," NASA said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This post, shared on April 14, has gathered over 300,000&nbsp;likes and many comments. People shared their reactions in the comments section.</p>

<p>A person wrote, "Then we can consider another exoplanet on the way? Or maybe planets that would eventually lead to develop life due to the presence of these chemicals?"</p>

<p>A second shared, "That looks like a snowflake only with gas."</p>

<p>"Gobsmacked again by the universe!" posted a third.</p>

<p>A fourth added, "What are those shapes? I've never seen shapes like that in space photos."</p>

<p>"Am I the only one that thinks the brightest dot (the star probably) looks like a pretty snowflake," said another.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Life beyond Earth? NASA probe bound for Jupiter's moon</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-life-beyond-earth-nasa-probe-bound-for-jupiters-moon-710673/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<h2><strong>NASA’s Europa Clipper mission</strong></h2>

<p>The primary scientific objective of the Europa Clipper mission is to assess whether there are potentially habitable environments beneath the icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa. The mission's three key scientific goals involve investigating the characteristics of the ice shell and the subsurface ocean, analysing the composition of Europa, and studying its geological features, according to NASA.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/exploring-jupiter-all-about-nasas-europa-clipper-mission-711220">Also read |&nbsp;Exploring Jupiter: All about NASA’s Europa Clipper mission</a></p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>


NASA's Webb Telescope discovered margarita and vinegar-like chemicals on a protostar. They shared this finding on Instagram. These substances were found in two young stars without planets.

NASA's Webb Telescope discovered margarita and vinegar-like chemicals on a protostar. They shared this finding on Instagram. These substances were found in two young stars without planets. "There are two servings in this discovery. This image shows the region near protostar IRAS 23385. Protostar IRAS 2A may be similar to the early stages of our own solar system. Chemicals identified around this protostar may also have been in the first stages of development of our solar system and later delivered to the primitive Earth," the post read. View this post on Instagram A post shared by NASA (@nasa) × "Image of a molecular cloud region. The orange cloud is dense and bright near the top and grows darker and wispier toward the bottom. One bright star with short diffraction spikes and several dimmer stars are visible," NASA said. This post, shared on April 14, has gathered over 300,000 likes and many comments. People shared their reactions in the comments section. A person wrote, "Then we can consider another exoplanet on the way? Or maybe planets that would eventually lead to develop life due to the presence of these chemicals?" A second shared, "That looks like a snowflake only with gas." "Gobsmacked again by the universe!" posted a third. A fourth added, "What are those shapes? I've never seen shapes like that in space photos." "Am I the only one that thinks the brightest dot (the star probably) looks like a pretty snowflake," said another. Also watch | Gravitas: Life beyond Earth? NASA probe bound for Jupiter's moon NASA’s Europa Clipper mission The primary scientific objective of the Europa Clipper mission is to assess whether there are potentially habitable environments beneath the icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa. The mission's three key scientific goals involve investigating the characteristics of the ice shell and the subsurface ocean, analysing the composition of Europa, and studying its geological features, according to NASA. Also read | Exploring Jupiter: All about NASA’s Europa Clipper mission (With inputs from agencies)

NASA's Webb Telescope found margarita, vinegar-like chemicals on protostar

<p>Jupiter, the solar system's largest planet, hasn't received as much attention from astronomers as Mars. The reason is clear: Mars is viewed as the prime candidate for human colonisation. While Jupiter isn't on that list, though its moon Europa might be in the future.</p>

<p>However, because Jupiter is crucial for the entire solar system, there are plans, like the Europa Clipper mission, to study it more extensively.</p>

<p>This will help answer questions about its role and composition. It's essential to remember that Jupiter is often seen as a failed star. If it had gathered more material, it might have become one. Also, Jupiter has numerous moons, including Europa, which are gaining importance.</p>

<p>However, NASA has now announced its plans for Jupiter. The Europa Clipper mission, which began in 2013 and was officially confirmed in 2019, will soon head towards the planet.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gravitational-waves-detect-collision-of-neutron-star-with-a-mysterious-object-in-mass-gap-710785">Also read |&nbsp;Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap'</a></p>

<h2><strong>Travel duration</strong></h2>

<p>The Europa Clipper's trip to Jupiter is anticipated to last approximately six years. Prior to that, NASA will arrange for it to conduct a flyby of Mars.</p>

<p>The spacecraft is projected to arrive at Jupiter in 2030. Besides orbiting Jupiter, it will conduct flybys of Europa, coming as close as 16 miles (25 kilometres) from the moon's surface.</p>

<p>This will facilitate data collection using various scientific instruments. NASA aims to identify potential regions that could sustain life.</p>

<p>The mission aims to uncover mysteries about Europa's ocean beneath its icy shell and map its surface composition. It also seeks to solve the mystery of suspected water vapour plumes venting from the moon.</p>

<p>NASA stated that Europa was one of the most promising potentially habitable environments in our solar system. However, it also pointed out that the Europa Clipper was not a life-detection mission and that it would only look for places below the surface that could support life.</p>

<p><strong>Also watch |&nbsp;Gravitas: Life beyond Earth? NASA probe bound for Jupiter's moon</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/gravitas-life-beyond-earth-nasa-probe-bound-for-jupiters-moon-710673/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>In a few months, the spacecraft will reach the Kennedy Space Center, where it will undergo preparations for its launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. This process will involve attaching its massive solar arrays and ensuring that all components are securely fitted inside the capsule atop the rocket.</p>

<p>The main objectives of the Europa Clipper mission include determining the thickness of Europa's icy shell and its interactions with the subsurface ocean, investigating the moon's composition, and characterising its geology.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Jupiter, the solar system's largest planet, hasn't received as much attention from astronomers as Mars. The reason is clear: Mars is viewed as the prime candidate for human colonisation.

Jupiter, the solar system's largest planet, hasn't received as much attention from astronomers as Mars. The reason is clear: Mars is viewed as the prime candidate for human colonisation. While Jupiter isn't on that list, though its moon Europa might be in the future. However, because Jupiter is crucial for the entire solar system, there are plans, like the Europa Clipper mission, to study it more extensively. This will help answer questions about its role and composition. It's essential to remember that Jupiter is often seen as a failed star. If it had gathered more material, it might have become one. Also, Jupiter has numerous moons, including Europa, which are gaining importance. However, NASA has now announced its plans for Jupiter. The Europa Clipper mission, which began in 2013 and was officially confirmed in 2019, will soon head towards the planet. Also read | Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap' Travel duration The Europa Clipper's trip to Jupiter is anticipated to last approximately six years. Prior to that, NASA will arrange for it to conduct a flyby of Mars. The spacecraft is projected to arrive at Jupiter in 2030. Besides orbiting Jupiter, it will conduct flybys of Europa, coming as close as 16 miles (25 kilometres) from the moon's surface. This will facilitate data collection using various scientific instruments. NASA aims to identify potential regions that could sustain life. The mission aims to uncover mysteries about Europa's ocean beneath its icy shell and map its surface composition. It also seeks to solve the mystery of suspected water vapour plumes venting from the moon. NASA stated that Europa was one of the most promising potentially habitable environments in our solar system. However, it also pointed out that the Europa Clipper was not a life-detection mission and that it would only look for places below the surface that could support life. Also watch | Gravitas: Life beyond Earth? NASA probe bound for Jupiter's moon In a few months, the spacecraft will reach the Kennedy Space Center, where it will undergo preparations for its launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. This process will involve attaching its massive solar arrays and ensuring that all components are securely fitted inside the capsule atop the rocket. The main objectives of the Europa Clipper mission include determining the thickness of Europa's icy shell and its interactions with the subsurface ocean, investigating the moon's composition, and characterising its geology. (With inputs from agencies)

Exploring Jupiter: All about NASA’s Europa Clipper mission

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>A European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut recently provided a virtual tour of the International Space Station (ISS) to the public. The ISS, the largest space station ever built, orbits low Earth and is managed collaboratively by five space agencies: NASA, JAXA, Roscosmos, CSA, and ESA, along with their contractors. Andreas Mogensen returned to Earth in mid-March after a six-and-a-half-month stint on the ISS as part of NASA's Crew-7 mission.</p>

<p>During his time aboard, he recorded a video showing&nbsp;the station's interior, which he shared with his social media followers.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/gravitational-waves-detect-collision-of-neutron-star-with-a-mysterious-object-in-mass-gap-710785">Also read |&nbsp;Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap'</a></p>

<p>In a detailed post on X (formerly Twitter) on April 12, Mogensen revealed that one of the last things he did before leaving the ISS was to film the tour, describing it as both a personal keepsake and a way to share the wonder of the ISS with others. He expressed that the video would serve as a reminder of his time on the ISS and his crewmates whenever he missed them.</p>

<p><strong>Watch the video here:</strong></p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">It’s been a month now since I left the International <a href="https://twitter.com/Space_Station?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Space_Station</a>.<br />
<br />
One of the very last things that I did on undock day, was film a tour of the Space Station. It is as much a keepsake for me as it is a way for me to share the wonder of the International Space Station with you.… <a href="https://t.co/oFR0VXR06A">pic.twitter.com/oFR0VXR06A</a></p>
— Andreas Mogensen (@Astro_Andreas) <a href="https://twitter.com/Astro_Andreas/status/1778696040712929602?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 12, 2024</a></blockquote>
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<p>Andreas Mogensen initially offered a glimpse into the front section of the space station. Positioned above was a SpaceX Dragon craft, which carried him back to Earth on March 12. Within the clip, viewers could observe the approximately 114-by-22-foot Columbus module, provided by ESA as a science lab in 2008.</p>

<p>Additionally, they could see the smaller Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo, situated opposite the lab. Kibo was constructed shortly after Columbus.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/did-you-know-venus-is-leaking-bepicolombo-mission-finds-out-why-710834">Also read |&nbsp;Did you know Venus is leaking? BepiColombo mission finds out why ...</a></p>

<p>Andreas Mogensen gave a tour of more ISS features like workstations, storage units, restrooms, and the kitchen. He pointed out that the cupola, offering a 360-degree view of Earth and the station's size, is the most amazing spot on the ISS.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em><br />
<br />
&nbsp;</p>


A European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut recently provided a virtual tour of the International Space Station (ISS) to the public. The ISS, the largest space station ever built, orbits low Earth and is managed collaboratively by five space agencies: NASA, JAXA, Roscosmos, CSA, and ESA, along with their contractors.

A European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut recently provided a virtual tour of the International Space Station (ISS) to the public. The ISS, the largest space station ever built, orbits low Earth and is managed collaboratively by five space agencies: NASA, JAXA, Roscosmos, CSA, and ESA, along with their contractors. Andreas Mogensen returned to Earth in mid-March after a six-and-a-half-month stint on the ISS as part of NASA's Crew-7 mission. During his time aboard, he recorded a video showing the station's interior, which he shared with his social media followers. Also read | Gravitational waves detect collision of neutron star with a mysterious object in 'mass gap' In a detailed post on X (formerly Twitter) on April 12, Mogensen revealed that one of the last things he did before leaving the ISS was to film the tour, describing it as both a personal keepsake and a way to share the wonder of the ISS with others. He expressed that the video would serve as a reminder of his time on the ISS and his crewmates whenever he missed them. Watch the video here: It’s been a month now since I left the International @Space_Station. One of the very last things that I did on undock day, was film a tour of the Space Station. It is as much a keepsake for me as it is a way for me to share the wonder of the International Space Station with you.… pic.twitter.com/oFR0VXR06A — Andreas Mogensen (@Astro_Andreas) April 12, 2024 × Andreas Mogensen initially offered a glimpse into the front section of the space station. Positioned above was a SpaceX Dragon craft, which carried him back to Earth on March 12. Within the clip, viewers could observe the approximately 114-by-22-foot Columbus module, provided by ESA as a science lab in 2008. Additionally, they could see the smaller Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as Kibo, situated opposite the lab. Kibo was constructed shortly after Columbus. Also read | Did you know Venus is leaking? BepiColombo mission finds out why ... Andreas Mogensen gave a tour of more ISS features like workstations, storage units, restrooms, and the kitchen. He pointed out that the cupola, offering a 360-degree view of Earth and the station's size, is the most amazing spot on the ISS. (With inputs from agencies)

WATCH: Astronaut shows around International Space Station in this VIRAL video

<p>An American satellite, in a recent space scare, narrowly escaped destruction after a close encounter with a Russian spacecraft. Though the incident took place on February 28, officials only recently learned that the spacecraft came within a mere 10 metres of collision.</p>

<p>The near collision left NASA officials on edge as there were risks involved from the&nbsp;potential debris had the two craft hit each other. It could be dangerous for astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS).</p>

<p>NASA's deputy administrator Colonel Pam Melroy while expressing the gravity of the situation, said,&nbsp;“It was very shocking personally and for all of us at NASA."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Collisions can produce a large amount of debris which can remain in orbit for a long time and may pose a hazard to other spacecraft. The increased presence of debris can also exacerbate the risk of further collisions.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Tense moment</strong></h2>

<p>Speaking at the Space Foundation’s Space Symposium, Melroy described the tense moment when NASA's Timed satellite and the defunct Russian spy satellite Cosmos 2221 unexpectedly came close.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/former-taiwan-president-says-taiwan-china-can-peacefully-resolve-differences-710162">Former Taiwan president says Taiwan, China can peacefully resolve differences</a></p>

<p>“On February 28, a Nasa spacecraft called Timed and a Russian satellite, neither of them manoeuvrable, were expected to make a close path. We recently learnt that the path ended up being less than 10 metres apart, less than the distance of me to the front row. Had the two satellites collided, we would have seen debris generation, tiny shards travelling at 10,000 miles per hour, waiting to puncture a hole in another spacecraft and potentially putting human lives at risk," he reportedly said.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>“It’s kind of sobering to think that something that’s the size of the eraser on the end of your pencil could wreak such havoc – but it can. We’re all worried about this. Timed really scared us," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/south-korean-elections-2024-yoons-party-to-suffer-stinging-defeat-710163">South Korean elections 2024: Yoon's party to suffer stinging defeat</a></strong></p>

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<p>&nbsp;As of now, Earth is encircled by over 10,000 satellites. This is a quadruple rise from the count in 2019.</p>

<p>Globally, around 400,000 satellites have received approval for deployment in low Earth orbit. Moreover, SpaceX is planning to launch an additional 44,000 satellites for its Starlink internet network.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


An American satellite, in a recent space scare, narrowly escaped destruction after a close encounter with a Russian spacecraft. Though the incident took place on February 28, officials only recently learned that the spacecraft came within a mere 10 metres of collision.

An American satellite, in a recent space scare, narrowly escaped destruction after a close encounter with a Russian spacecraft. Though the incident took place on February 28, officials only recently learned that the spacecraft came within a mere 10 metres of collision. The near collision left NASA officials on edge as there were risks involved from the potential debris had the two craft hit each other. It could be dangerous for astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS). NASA's deputy administrator Colonel Pam Melroy while expressing the gravity of the situation, said, “It was very shocking personally and for all of us at NASA." Collisions can produce a large amount of debris which can remain in orbit for a long time and may pose a hazard to other spacecraft. The increased presence of debris can also exacerbate the risk of further collisions. Tense moment Speaking at the Space Foundation’s Space Symposium, Melroy described the tense moment when NASA's Timed satellite and the defunct Russian spy satellite Cosmos 2221 unexpectedly came close. Also Read | Former Taiwan president says Taiwan, China can peacefully resolve differences “On February 28, a Nasa spacecraft called Timed and a Russian satellite, neither of them manoeuvrable, were expected to make a close path. We recently learnt that the path ended up being less than 10 metres apart, less than the distance of me to the front row. Had the two satellites collided, we would have seen debris generation, tiny shards travelling at 10,000 miles per hour, waiting to puncture a hole in another spacecraft and potentially putting human lives at risk," he reportedly said. Also Read | Myanmar troops retreat as rebels declare control over key border town “It’s kind of sobering to think that something that’s the size of the eraser on the end of your pencil could wreak such havoc – but it can. We’re all worried about this. Timed really scared us," he added. Watch | South Korean elections 2024: Yoon's party to suffer stinging defeat × As of now, Earth is encircled by over 10,000 satellites. This is a quadruple rise from the count in 2019. Globally, around 400,000 satellites have received approval for deployment in low Earth orbit. Moreover, SpaceX is planning to launch an additional 44,000 satellites for its Starlink internet network. (With inputs from agencies)

Close call! Russian spacecraft narrowly dodges collision with US satellite by a mere 10 metres

<p>The story of Russian genius, Boriska Kipriyanovich, who is now around 28 years old and&nbsp;has left scientists impressed with his intelligence, is creating a buzz.&nbsp;The man from Russia’s Volgograd claims&nbsp;that he lived on Mars in his previous life and has reincarnated as a human on Earth to deliver a warning.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Who is Boriska Kipriyanovich?</strong></h2>

<p>Born on January 11, 1996, Boriska who also calls himself an ‘Indigo Child,’ claims to have been a pilot on the red planet before he was “reborn” on Earth.</p>

<p>The man from Russia was 11 when he reportedly issued warnings in a video which quickly went viral. He also met with scientists who were left baffled by his knowledge about the planetary system at such a young age.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/have-you-ever-wondered-about-the-weight-of-the-earth-708668">Have you ever wondered about the weight of the Earth?</a></strong></p>

<p>Boriska claimed that he and his species were wiped out after a nuclear conflict broke out on Mars thousands of years ago and feared that someday Earth might suffer from the same fate.&nbsp;</p>

<p>While his claims sound bizarre, his intelligence has left many researchers impressed. According to reports, his mother was aware of her son’s intelligence as he was able to hold his head unsupported when he was a baby.</p>

<p>His mother also said that Boriska started speaking when he was just a few months old – most children start talking after nine months – and was able to read and draw when was just 18 months old.&nbsp;</p>

<p>As he grew up and started school, Boriska’s teachers were also reportedly amazed at his ability to read and his impressive memory.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to reports, his parents say that they did not specifically teach Boriska about space when he was a child, but that he would often talk about Mars, space, and aliens.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>His warning for humans</strong></h2>

<p>Boriska reportedly said that he has come to Earth on a mission to save our planet from a nuclear apocalypse which wiped out life on Mars along with “others” who miraculously survived the conflict.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Martians, Boriska claims, are very tall, technologically advanced and capable of interplanetary travel. He also said that those living on the red planet stop ageing after 35 and are immortal.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“I remember that time when I was 14 or 15 years old. The Martians were waging wars all the time so I would often have to participate in air raids with a friend of mine,” said the 28-year-old.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/ancient-creature-recovered-from-100mn-year-old-amber-might-pave-way-for-real-jurassic-park-708975">Ancient creature recovered from 100mn-year-old amber might pave way for real Jurassic Park</a></strong></p>

<p>Boriska claims that only a few survived the nuclear conflict, some of them exist even today.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The now 28-year-old has also claimed that many secrets are left to be uncovered on our planet, including the Great Pyramid of Giza which he said is hiding something big.</p>

<p>“The human life will change when the Sphinx is opened, it has an opening mechanism somewhere behind the ear; I do not remember exactly,” Boriska said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>According to unconfirmed reports, the Russian who would be 28 years old has disappeared along with his mother and attempts to track him down have failed.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em><br />
&nbsp;</p>


The story of Russian genius, Boriska Kipriyanovich, who is now around 28 years old and has left scientists impressed with his intelligence, is creating a buzz. The man from Russia’s Volgograd claims that he lived on Mars in his previous life and has reincarnated as a human on Earth to deliver a warning.

The story of Russian genius, Boriska Kipriyanovich, who is now around 28 years old and has left scientists impressed with his intelligence, is creating a buzz. The man from Russia’s Volgograd claims that he lived on Mars in his previous life and has reincarnated as a human on Earth to deliver a warning. Who is Boriska Kipriyanovich? Born on January 11, 1996, Boriska who also calls himself an ‘Indigo Child,’ claims to have been a pilot on the red planet before he was “reborn” on Earth. The man from Russia was 11 when he reportedly issued warnings in a video which quickly went viral. He also met with scientists who were left baffled by his knowledge about the planetary system at such a young age. Also Read | Have you ever wondered about the weight of the Earth? Boriska claimed that he and his species were wiped out after a nuclear conflict broke out on Mars thousands of years ago and feared that someday Earth might suffer from the same fate. While his claims sound bizarre, his intelligence has left many researchers impressed. According to reports, his mother was aware of her son’s intelligence as he was able to hold his head unsupported when he was a baby. His mother also said that Boriska started speaking when he was just a few months old – most children start talking after nine months – and was able to read and draw when was just 18 months old. As he grew up and started school, Boriska’s teachers were also reportedly amazed at his ability to read and his impressive memory. According to reports, his parents say that they did not specifically teach Boriska about space when he was a child, but that he would often talk about Mars, space, and aliens. His warning for humans Boriska reportedly said that he has come to Earth on a mission to save our planet from a nuclear apocalypse which wiped out life on Mars along with “others” who miraculously survived the conflict. Martians, Boriska claims, are very tall, technologically advanced and capable of interplanetary travel. He also said that those living on the red planet stop ageing after 35 and are immortal. “I remember that time when I was 14 or 15 years old. The Martians were waging wars all the time so I would often have to participate in air raids with a friend of mine,” said the 28-year-old. Also Read | Ancient creature recovered from 100mn-year-old amber might pave way for real Jurassic Park Boriska claims that only a few survived the nuclear conflict, some of them exist even today. The now 28-year-old has also claimed that many secrets are left to be uncovered on our planet, including the Great Pyramid of Giza which he said is hiding something big. “The human life will change when the Sphinx is opened, it has an opening mechanism somewhere behind the ear; I do not remember exactly,” Boriska said. According to unconfirmed reports, the Russian who would be 28 years old has disappeared along with his mother and attempts to track him down have failed. (With inputs from agencies)

Russian genius who claims he lived on Mars in previous life leaves scientists baffled

<p>South Korea’s defence ministry, on Monday (Apr 8) said that the country’s second homegrown spy satellite had successfully been launched and entered orbit. The launch took place a day prior on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from the John F Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United States.</p>

<h2><strong>Second spy satellite launched</strong></h2>

<p>The second launch comes months after the first one&nbsp;put South Korea’s spy satellite into orbit from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California in December.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The recent launch also comes days after North Korea reaffirmed its plan to launch multiple reconnaissance satellites this year.</p>

<p>The successful launch took place at 2317 GMT on Sunday, which was Monday morning in Seoul. South Korea’s defense ministry said that the satellite successfully separated from the launch vehicle 45 minutes after the launch and entered its targeted orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/russia-ukraine-war-moscows-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-power-plant-comes-under-drone-strike-un-watchdog-condemns-708779">Russia-Ukraine war: Drone strikes damage Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant</a></strong></p>

<p>According to South Korea’s military officials, successful communications with a ground station were made two hours and 40 minutes after the launch.</p>

<p>The recently launched South Korean satellite is equipped with a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) which is said to be capable of producing images regardless of weather conditions.</p>

<p>“With the success of the second military spy satellite launch, our military has acquired an additional independent surveillance ability and further bolstered our ‘kill chain’ capability,” defense ministry spokesperson Jeon Ha Gyu told reporters.&nbsp;</p>

<p>South Korea will launch five spy satellites by 2025 under a contract with Elon Musk’s SpaceX. In 2022, Seoul became the 10th nation in the world to successfully launch a satellite with its own technology by using a homegrown rocket.&nbsp;</p>

<p>“We will proceed with future satellite launches without a hitch,” said a statement by the ministry after the second launch.</p>

<h2><strong>Race with North Korea</strong></h2>

<p>The spy satellite launches come amid growing tensions between Pyongyang and Seoul, with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un labelling South Korea as his country’s “principal enemy”.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Both countries have sought to improve their military capabilities in space. North Korea claimed that it successfully launched the Malligyong-1 satellite into orbit in November, after its two fiery failures.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/probe-begins-in-another-boeing-mishap-after-engine-cover-falls-off-passenger-records-scary-moment-watch-708794">Probe begins after engine cover falls off Southwest Boeing flight; passenger records 'scary' moment</a></strong></p>

<p>Speaking about North Korea’s first spy satellite,&nbsp;Marco Langbroek, a satellite expert at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands said, "We can definitely say the satellite is alive,” as&nbsp;quoted by Reuters.</p>

<p>Pyongyang has also previously vowed to launch three new spy satellites in 2024.</p>

<p>South Korean defence minister Shin Won-sik said that North Korea could launch a second spy satellite as early as mid-April, reported news agency Yonhap.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Jeon told reporters that Shin’s comments are based on the military’s observation of North Korea’s related activities.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em><br />
&nbsp;</p>


South Korea’s defence ministry, on Monday (Apr 8) said that the country’s second homegrown spy satellite had successfully been launched and entered orbit. The launch took place a day prior on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from the John F Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United States.

South Korea’s defence ministry, on Monday (Apr 8) said that the country’s second homegrown spy satellite had successfully been launched and entered orbit. The launch took place a day prior on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from the John F Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United States. Second spy satellite launched The second launch comes months after the first one put South Korea’s spy satellite into orbit from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California in December. The recent launch also comes days after North Korea reaffirmed its plan to launch multiple reconnaissance satellites this year. The successful launch took place at 2317 GMT on Sunday, which was Monday morning in Seoul. South Korea’s defense ministry said that the satellite successfully separated from the launch vehicle 45 minutes after the launch and entered its targeted orbit. Also Read | Russia-Ukraine war: Drone strikes damage Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant According to South Korea’s military officials, successful communications with a ground station were made two hours and 40 minutes after the launch. The recently launched South Korean satellite is equipped with a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) which is said to be capable of producing images regardless of weather conditions. “With the success of the second military spy satellite launch, our military has acquired an additional independent surveillance ability and further bolstered our ‘kill chain’ capability,” defense ministry spokesperson Jeon Ha Gyu told reporters. South Korea will launch five spy satellites by 2025 under a contract with Elon Musk’s SpaceX. In 2022, Seoul became the 10th nation in the world to successfully launch a satellite with its own technology by using a homegrown rocket. “We will proceed with future satellite launches without a hitch,” said a statement by the ministry after the second launch. Race with North Korea The spy satellite launches come amid growing tensions between Pyongyang and Seoul, with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un labelling South Korea as his country’s “principal enemy”. Both countries have sought to improve their military capabilities in space. North Korea claimed that it successfully launched the Malligyong-1 satellite into orbit in November, after its two fiery failures. Also Read | Probe begins after engine cover falls off Southwest Boeing flight; passenger records 'scary' moment Speaking about North Korea’s first spy satellite, Marco Langbroek, a satellite expert at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands said, "We can definitely say the satellite is alive,” as quoted by Reuters. Pyongyang has also previously vowed to launch three new spy satellites in 2024. South Korean defence minister Shin Won-sik said that North Korea could launch a second spy satellite as early as mid-April, reported news agency Yonhap. Jeon told reporters that Shin’s comments are based on the military’s observation of North Korea’s related activities. (With inputs from agencies)

South Korea successfully launches second military spy satellite amid race with North Korea

<p>Scientists at a leading gravitational wave observatory detected a mysterious signal with chilling origins. As per reports, the signal has its origins in the collision between a star corpse and an unknown object.</p>

<h2><strong>Star corpse?</strong></h2>

<p>Yes, star corpse, or better known as the stellar remnant of a neuron star. It is what's left when a massive star collapses, leaving behind only a dense core.&nbsp;</p>

<p>One of the densest objects in the universe, Neutron stars are less dense than black holes, which have gravity so strong that even light cannot escape.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/glory-effect-rare-rainbow-like-rings-observed-on-a-planet-outside-our-solar-system-708284">Glory effect: Rare rainbow-like rings observed on a planet outside our solar system</a></strong></p>

<p>The signal, which was named GW230529_181500, as per Gizmodo, travelled 650 million light-years to reach Earth. It was picked up by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, a network of observatories, last year. This was, in May 2023, just after it resumed its operations following upgrades to improve sensitivity.&nbsp;</p>

<p>While researchers have identified one object in the collision as likely being a neutron star, the other much object was more massive than any known neutron star, suggesting it could be a small black hole. However, the team will further scrutinise the collision to find out what it exactly is.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This unknown object fills the "mass gap" between the heaviest neutron stars and the lightest black holes. A paper describing the findings has been posted on the LIGO website.</p>

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<p>In a release Jess McIver, an astronomer at the University of British Columbia and Deputy Spokesperson of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration said that the detection "reveals that there may be a higher rate of similar collisions between neutron stars and low-mass black holes than we previously thought."</p>

<p>As per the report, only one other merger involving an object in this mass range has been observed before, known as GW190814.</p>

<p>There's a lot to look forward to. The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration is preparing for its fourth observing run, scheduled to start on April 10, 2023, and run until February 2025. During this time, they expect to observe more than 200 gravitational wave signals.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Scientists at a leading gravitational wave observatory detected a mysterious signal with chilling origins. As per reports, the signal has its origins in the collision between a star corpse and an unknown object.

Scientists at a leading gravitational wave observatory detected a mysterious signal with chilling origins. As per reports, the signal has its origins in the collision between a star corpse and an unknown object. Star corpse? Yes, star corpse, or better known as the stellar remnant of a neuron star. It is what's left when a massive star collapses, leaving behind only a dense core. One of the densest objects in the universe, Neutron stars are less dense than black holes, which have gravity so strong that even light cannot escape. Also read | Glory effect: Rare rainbow-like rings observed on a planet outside our solar system The signal, which was named GW230529_181500, as per Gizmodo, travelled 650 million light-years to reach Earth. It was picked up by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, a network of observatories, last year. This was, in May 2023, just after it resumed its operations following upgrades to improve sensitivity. While researchers have identified one object in the collision as likely being a neutron star, the other much object was more massive than any known neutron star, suggesting it could be a small black hole. However, the team will further scrutinise the collision to find out what it exactly is. This unknown object fills the "mass gap" between the heaviest neutron stars and the lightest black holes. A paper describing the findings has been posted on the LIGO website. Also read | Groundbreaking study reveals how to cut cost of prostate cancer scans by half In a release Jess McIver, an astronomer at the University of British Columbia and Deputy Spokesperson of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration said that the detection "reveals that there may be a higher rate of similar collisions between neutron stars and low-mass black holes than we previously thought." As per the report, only one other merger involving an object in this mass range has been observed before, known as GW190814. There's a lot to look forward to. The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration is preparing for its fourth observing run, scheduled to start on April 10, 2023, and run until February 2025. During this time, they expect to observe more than 200 gravitational wave signals. (With inputs from agencies)

Travelling 650 million light-years, a mysterious signal possibly from a star corpse has reached Earth

Scientists have revealed the biggest-ever 3D map of the universe. The map features more than 6 million galaxies. Scientists say it raised questions about the nature of dark energy and the future of the universe. Watch this video for all details.

Biggest-ever 3D map of the universe raises questions about future of the universe

3rd April, 1984 is a landmark day for India-Russia ties. 40 years ago, it was on this day that the Indian Air Force pilot Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to travel to space. He undertook the journey to space on a Soviet Intercosmos Mission.

India, Russia celebrate 40 years of Rakesh Sharma's spaceflight | 40 years to 'Sare Jahan Se Acha'

NASA achieved a resounding success last year when it intentionally crashed a spacecraft into an asteroid. The test was a way to deflect potentially hazardous space rocks from hitting Earth. Our next story tells you how this first-of-his-kind planetary defence experiment now has unintended unintended consequences.

NASA's Dart mission asteroid: Asteroid Dimorphos debris may rain on Mars

<p>A&nbsp;spectacle of golden streaks adorned the skies of southern California in the wee hours of Tuesday (Apr 2). The incident triggered&nbsp;astonishment among startled onlookers.</p>

<p>It also led to speculation and queries of all sorts so much so that some people ended up believing that it was comet sighting&nbsp;or remains of the recent Falcon 9 rocket launch from Elon Musk's SpaceX.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Whether it was comet sighting&nbsp;or meteor shower&nbsp;that residents of&nbsp;Derbyshire witnessed in the morning hours remained&nbsp;unclear. However, as per reports citing analysts, the luminous display was attributed to a re-entry event of a Chinese rocket which fragmented upon its return to Earth's atmosphere.</p>

<p>Notably, whenever a rocket re-enters Earth's atmosphere, it goes through extreme conditions due to heating and the pressure changes it experience. It can lead to fragmentation or breakup of the rocket if it's not properly designed to withstand these stresses.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Amid the flurry of confusion and excitement, eyewitnesses swiftly turned to social media. They flooded the social media platforms with videos and different theories for the sighting.</p>

<p>If reports are to be believed, even the local radio stations started buzzing with people reporting the incident in&nbsp;their neighbourhood.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientific-accident-results-in-creation-of-six-legged-mouse-without-genitals-707213">Scientific accident results in creation of six-legged mouse without genitals</a></p>

<p>Aerospace Corporation, a nonprofit organisation that operates a federally funded research and development centre (FFRDC) dedicated to the space industry and plays a vital role in supporting the US' space programmes, released a statement regarding the incident.&nbsp;</p>

<p>It clarified the reports and attributed the celestial event to the orbital module from a Chinese rocket launched in 2022.&nbsp;"Our analysis suggests that the object seen re-entering over Los Angeles this morning was the orbital module from the November 2022 Chinese Shenzhou-15 launch to their space station," it said in a statement.</p>

<p>Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-blasts-an-asteroid-in-space-it-now-fears-its-debris-may-collide-with-mars-707195">NASA blasted an asteroid in space. It now fears boulders may collide with Mars</a></p>

<p>By using tracking data from the USSF 18th Space Defense Squadron, analysts reportedly estimated the mass of the object to be approximately 1,500kg (3,300lbs).</p>

<p><strong>Watch |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/us-slams-israel-for-killing-for-aid-workers-idf-says-we-are-sorry-707291">US slams Israel for killing for aid workers, IDF says 'we are sorry'</a></strong></p>

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<p>However, the breathtaking spectacle did not cause any harm as remnants were speculated to have safely dissipated with reports quoting space relations expert Madhu Thangavelu said that they may have landed in the Pacific Ocean. "I'm hoping all of it burnt out in upper atmosphere," Thangavelu said as he also urged the space community to be more responsible.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


A spectacle of golden streaks adorned the skies of southern California in the wee hours of Tuesday (Apr 2). The incident triggered astonishment among startled onlookers.

A spectacle of golden streaks adorned the skies of southern California in the wee hours of Tuesday (Apr 2). The incident triggered astonishment among startled onlookers. It also led to speculation and queries of all sorts so much so that some people ended up believing that it was comet sighting or remains of the recent Falcon 9 rocket launch from Elon Musk's SpaceX. Whether it was comet sighting or meteor shower that residents of Derbyshire witnessed in the morning hours remained unclear. However, as per reports citing analysts, the luminous display was attributed to a re-entry event of a Chinese rocket which fragmented upon its return to Earth's atmosphere. Notably, whenever a rocket re-enters Earth's atmosphere, it goes through extreme conditions due to heating and the pressure changes it experience. It can lead to fragmentation or breakup of the rocket if it's not properly designed to withstand these stresses. Amid the flurry of confusion and excitement, eyewitnesses swiftly turned to social media. They flooded the social media platforms with videos and different theories for the sighting. If reports are to be believed, even the local radio stations started buzzing with people reporting the incident in their neighbourhood. Also Read | Scientific accident results in creation of six-legged mouse without genitals Aerospace Corporation, a nonprofit organisation that operates a federally funded research and development centre (FFRDC) dedicated to the space industry and plays a vital role in supporting the US' space programmes, released a statement regarding the incident. It clarified the reports and attributed the celestial event to the orbital module from a Chinese rocket launched in 2022. "Our analysis suggests that the object seen re-entering over Los Angeles this morning was the orbital module from the November 2022 Chinese Shenzhou-15 launch to their space station," it said in a statement. Also Read | NASA blasted an asteroid in space. It now fears boulders may collide with Mars By using tracking data from the USSF 18th Space Defense Squadron, analysts reportedly estimated the mass of the object to be approximately 1,500kg (3,300lbs). Watch | US slams Israel for killing for aid workers, IDF says 'we are sorry' × However, the breathtaking spectacle did not cause any harm as remnants were speculated to have safely dissipated with reports quoting space relations expert Madhu Thangavelu said that they may have landed in the Pacific Ocean. "I'm hoping all of it burnt out in upper atmosphere," Thangavelu said as he also urged the space community to be more responsible. (With inputs from agencies)

Southern California skies light up with golden meteor showers or comet? Here's what analysts say

The White House is making a new strategic move to spearhead space convenience to this end it has issued a directive asking it to create a unified time standard for celestial bodies notably the moon.

US government asks NASA to create time zones for the moon

<p><strong>NASA Dart Mission Asteroid:</strong> A distant asteroid was broken into pieces by NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) in space in 2022 as part of a test programme&nbsp;to deflect&nbsp;celestial bodies threatening to hit&nbsp;Earth. While the DART mission was the talk of the town at the time, the debris of the asteroid in question is&nbsp;returning to haunt a planet. Worry not, as&nbsp;Earth is safe but our red neighbour&nbsp;Mars is not.</p>

<h2><strong>NASA Dart Mission</strong></h2>

<p>An asteroid, known as Dimorphos, was knocked off its original orbit and shattered into pieces by NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) in a groundbreaking mission. In this mission, it was also proved that the scientists on Earth have the capability to redirect an asteroid if it ever poses a threat to the planet.</p>

<p>The test ended successfully as NASA was able to prove that a kinetic impactor has the capability of changing an asteroid's orbit and also altering its overall trajectory.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also Read:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/james-webb-space-telescope-probes-binary-asteroid-system-mors-somnus-in-kuiper-belt-to-know-neptunes-past-697855">James Webb Space Telescope probes binary asteroid system Mors-Somnus in Kuiper Belt to know Neptune's past</a></p>

<p>In the test, a vending machine-sized spacecraft was launched by NASA at an asteroid system which had two space rocks, Didymos and Dimorphos. The collision of the DART spacecraft reduced the speed of &nbsp;Dimorphos' orbit time around Didymos by 32 minutes and 42 seconds.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Humans generate a meteor storm</strong></h2>

<p>In a paper, which was published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, the researchers said that the pieces of Dimorphos can enter the thin atmosphere of Mars and even hit its surface, where it will create craters.</p>

<p>The study, which is yet to be peer-reviewed, has stated the myriad ways in which these boulders are likely to orbit around the Sun in the next 20,000 years. However, the scientists failed to find any possibility of them getting burnt up in the skies of the Earth.</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Collision with NASA spacecraft altered shape of asteroid</strong></p>

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<p>A near-Earth object dynamicist at the European Space Agency’s Near-Earth Objects Coordination Centre study author Marco Fenucci said, "But they’re going to cross the orbit of Mars."</p>

<p>They added that if by any chance both Mars and the mini-asteroids meet at a crossing, some of them will enter its thin atmosphere. “And they will arrive to the ground and make a crater,” said Fenucci.</p>

<p>This is the first time humans have generated their own meteor storm which is likely to end up hitting a rocky planet.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA Dart Mission Asteroid: A distant asteroid was broken into pieces by NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) in space in 2022 as part of a test programme to deflect celestial bodies threatening to hit Earth.

NASA Dart Mission Asteroid: A distant asteroid was broken into pieces by NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) in space in 2022 as part of a test programme to deflect celestial bodies threatening to hit Earth. While the DART mission was the talk of the town at the time, the debris of the asteroid in question is returning to haunt a planet. Worry not, as Earth is safe but our red neighbour Mars is not. NASA Dart Mission An asteroid, known as Dimorphos, was knocked off its original orbit and shattered into pieces by NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) in a groundbreaking mission. In this mission, it was also proved that the scientists on Earth have the capability to redirect an asteroid if it ever poses a threat to the planet. The test ended successfully as NASA was able to prove that a kinetic impactor has the capability of changing an asteroid's orbit and also altering its overall trajectory. Also Read: James Webb Space Telescope probes binary asteroid system Mors-Somnus in Kuiper Belt to know Neptune's past In the test, a vending machine-sized spacecraft was launched by NASA at an asteroid system which had two space rocks, Didymos and Dimorphos. The collision of the DART spacecraft reduced the speed of Dimorphos' orbit time around Didymos by 32 minutes and 42 seconds. Humans generate a meteor storm In a paper, which was published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, the researchers said that the pieces of Dimorphos can enter the thin atmosphere of Mars and even hit its surface, where it will create craters. The study, which is yet to be peer-reviewed, has stated the myriad ways in which these boulders are likely to orbit around the Sun in the next 20,000 years. However, the scientists failed to find any possibility of them getting burnt up in the skies of the Earth. Watch: Collision with NASA spacecraft altered shape of asteroid A near-Earth object dynamicist at the European Space Agency’s Near-Earth Objects Coordination Centre study author Marco Fenucci said, "But they’re going to cross the orbit of Mars." They added that if by any chance both Mars and the mini-asteroids meet at a crossing, some of them will enter its thin atmosphere. “And they will arrive to the ground and make a crater,” said Fenucci. This is the first time humans have generated their own meteor storm which is likely to end up hitting a rocky planet. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA blasted an asteroid in space. It now fears boulders may collide with Mars

<p>NASA's cutting-edge James Webb Space Telescope has once again helped humanity unveil cosmic wonders beyond our imagination. Following up on the work of NASA's infrared Spitzer Space Telescope, Webb has now found an Earth-like planet that emits light.</p>

<p>Now, if you're wondering why this is groundbreaking, the answer is a simple one: this is the first time any light has been detected as being emitted from another planet outside of our solar system.</p>

<h2><strong>First such find</strong></h2>

<p>In a statement, NASA said, "This is the first detection of any form of light emitted by an exoplanet as small and as cool as the rocky planets in our own solar system."</p>

<p>"The result marks an important step in determining whether planets orbiting small active stars like TRAPPIST-1 can sustain atmospheres needed to support life."</p>

<p>"It also bodes well for Webb's ability to characterise temperate, Earth-sized exoplanets using MIRI," added the American space agency.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/mars-may-have-hosted-life-for-millions-of-years-longer-than-previously-thought-706772">Mars may have hosted life for millions of years longer than previously thought</a></strong></p>

<p>Thomas Greene, an astrophysicist at NASA's Ames Research Center, emphasised the significance of these observations, and said: "These observations really take advantage of Webb’s mid-infrared capability."</p>

<p>"No previous telescopes have had the sensitivity to measure such dim mid-infrared light," he added, lauding the findings published in the journal Nature.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>TRAPPIST-1 b</strong></h2>

<p>The planet in question is called 'TRAPPIST-1 b' and it shares Earth's composition. It is also roughly the same size as our planet.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The researchers, as per the ESA Webb website, employed secondary eclipse photometry, a technique using the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)&nbsp;to measure changes in brightness as the planet moved behind its star. It found that while TRAPPIST-1 b does not emit visible light, it does emit infrared light.&nbsp;</p>

<p>However, as per a LAD bible report, the planet is missing an atmosphere and thus cannot support life.</p>

<p>"Previous observations of TRAPPIST-1 b with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, as well as NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, found no evidence for a puffy atmosphere, but were not able to rule out a dense one," says the WSA Webb website.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-announce-new-world-record-of-artificial-sun-at-100-million-degrees-706852">Scientists announce new world record of ‘artificial sun’ at 100 million degrees Celsius</a></strong></p>

<p>As per Pierre-Olivier Lagage from CEA, a co-author on the paper, "This planet is tidally locked, with one side facing the star at all times and the other in permanent darkness."</p>

<p>"If it has an atmosphere to circulate and redistribute the heat, the dayside will be cooler than if there is no atmosphere," said Lagage.</p>

<p>The planet which gets about four times the amount of energy that Earth gets from the Sun has a dayside temperature of around 500 kelvins, or 230 degrees Celsius — not an ideal temperature for life.</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


NASA's cutting-edge James Webb Space Telescope has once again helped humanity unveil cosmic wonders beyond our imagination. Following up on the work of NASA's infrared Spitzer Space Telescope, Webb has now found an Earth-like planet that emits light.

NASA's cutting-edge James Webb Space Telescope has once again helped humanity unveil cosmic wonders beyond our imagination. Following up on the work of NASA's infrared Spitzer Space Telescope, Webb has now found an Earth-like planet that emits light. Now, if you're wondering why this is groundbreaking, the answer is a simple one: this is the first time any light has been detected as being emitted from another planet outside of our solar system. First such find In a statement, NASA said, "This is the first detection of any form of light emitted by an exoplanet as small and as cool as the rocky planets in our own solar system." "The result marks an important step in determining whether planets orbiting small active stars like TRAPPIST-1 can sustain atmospheres needed to support life." "It also bodes well for Webb's ability to characterise temperate, Earth-sized exoplanets using MIRI," added the American space agency. Also read | Mars may have hosted life for millions of years longer than previously thought Thomas Greene, an astrophysicist at NASA's Ames Research Center, emphasised the significance of these observations, and said: "These observations really take advantage of Webb’s mid-infrared capability." "No previous telescopes have had the sensitivity to measure such dim mid-infrared light," he added, lauding the findings published in the journal Nature. TRAPPIST-1 b The planet in question is called 'TRAPPIST-1 b' and it shares Earth's composition. It is also roughly the same size as our planet. The researchers, as per the ESA Webb website, employed secondary eclipse photometry, a technique using the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) to measure changes in brightness as the planet moved behind its star. It found that while TRAPPIST-1 b does not emit visible light, it does emit infrared light. However, as per a LAD bible report, the planet is missing an atmosphere and thus cannot support life. "Previous observations of TRAPPIST-1 b with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, as well as NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, found no evidence for a puffy atmosphere, but were not able to rule out a dense one," says the WSA Webb website. Also read | Scientists announce new world record of ‘artificial sun’ at 100 million degrees Celsius As per Pierre-Olivier Lagage from CEA, a co-author on the paper, "This planet is tidally locked, with one side facing the star at all times and the other in permanent darkness." "If it has an atmosphere to circulate and redistribute the heat, the dayside will be cooler than if there is no atmosphere," said Lagage. The planet which gets about four times the amount of energy that Earth gets from the Sun has a dayside temperature of around 500 kelvins, or 230 degrees Celsius — not an ideal temperature for life. (With inputs from agencies)

James Webb Telescope spots extraterrestrial light outside our solar system. Here's what NASA has to say

<p><strong>Water on Mars:</strong> Mars may have hosted life for much longer than once believed, according to scientists. How much longer? Its habitable period might actually have been longer by millions of years.</p>

<h2><strong>Water on Mars</strong></h2>

<p>In its ancient past, Mars boasted oceans, lakes, and rivers, painting a picture reminiscent of early Earth during the solar system's infancy.</p>

<p>As per estimates, the gradually changing climate rendered the red planet barren, as we know it today.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/martians-wanted-nasa-is-looking-for-volunteers-to-live-in-a-mars-simulator-for-a-year-692066">‘Martians wanted’: NASA is looking for volunteers to live in a Mars simulator for a year</a></strong></p>

<p>Competing theories exist regarding the disappearance of Martian water. Some propose it evaporated into space as the planet's atmosphere thinned, while others suggest it became trapped within the planet's crust, forming an icy permafrost layer.</p>

<p>Traditionally, scientists thought Mars lost its water during the Hesperian period, about 3.7 to 2.9 billion years ago. However, recent findings propose water may have persisted until the late Hesperian period.</p>

<p>However, a research team by the UK's Imperial College has now found signs that water was abundant in a 154&nbsp;km-diameter basin just south of Mars' equator called Gale Crater. According to them, Mars had water "long after the planet was thought to have become dry and inhospitable."</p>

<h2><strong>Why does water on Mars matter?</strong></h2>

<p>The findings, as per the researchers, "have implications for our understanding of Mars' changing climate, as well as where we now look for signs of habitability."&nbsp;</p>

<p>Using data from the Curiosity rover's exploration, researchers spotted deformed layers in Mars' desert sandstone, which they say "could only have been formed by water".&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/nasa-curiosity-rover-finds-evidence-mars-was-once-a-planet-of-rivers-651444">Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers'</a></strong></p>

<p>Dr Steven Banham, the lead author of the study&nbsp;published in Geology, noted that "the sandstone revealed that water was probably abundant more recently, and for longer than previously thought—but by which process did the water leave these clues? "</p>

<p>"This water might have been pressurised liquid, forced into and deforming the sediment; frozen, with the repeat freezing and thawing process causing the deformation; or briny, and subject to large temperature swings."</p>

<p>"What's clear is that behind each of these potential ways to deform this sandstone, water is the common link," he noted.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


Water on Mars: Mars may have hosted life for much longer than once believed, according to scientists. How much longer? Its habitable period might actually have been longer by millions of years.

Water on Mars: Mars may have hosted life for much longer than once believed, according to scientists. How much longer? Its habitable period might actually have been longer by millions of years. Water on Mars In its ancient past, Mars boasted oceans, lakes, and rivers, painting a picture reminiscent of early Earth during the solar system's infancy. As per estimates, the gradually changing climate rendered the red planet barren, as we know it today. Also read | ‘Martians wanted’: NASA is looking for volunteers to live in a Mars simulator for a year Competing theories exist regarding the disappearance of Martian water. Some propose it evaporated into space as the planet's atmosphere thinned, while others suggest it became trapped within the planet's crust, forming an icy permafrost layer. Traditionally, scientists thought Mars lost its water during the Hesperian period, about 3.7 to 2.9 billion years ago. However, recent findings propose water may have persisted until the late Hesperian period. However, a research team by the UK's Imperial College has now found signs that water was abundant in a 154 km-diameter basin just south of Mars' equator called Gale Crater. According to them, Mars had water "long after the planet was thought to have become dry and inhospitable." Why does water on Mars matter? The findings, as per the researchers, "have implications for our understanding of Mars' changing climate, as well as where we now look for signs of habitability." Using data from the Curiosity rover's exploration, researchers spotted deformed layers in Mars' desert sandstone, which they say "could only have been formed by water". Also read | Life on Mars? Curiosity rover discovers that it was once a 'planet of rivers' Dr Steven Banham, the lead author of the study published in Geology, noted that "the sandstone revealed that water was probably abundant more recently, and for longer than previously thought—but by which process did the water leave these clues? " "This water might have been pressurised liquid, forced into and deforming the sediment; frozen, with the repeat freezing and thawing process causing the deformation; or briny, and subject to large temperature swings." "What's clear is that behind each of these potential ways to deform this sandstone, water is the common link," he noted. (With inputs from agencies)

Mars may have hosted life for millions of years longer than previously thought

<p>The rare Devil Comet, which is also known as the “Mother of Dragons” comet and goes by the&nbsp;scientific name Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks, is now finally visible to the human eye in the northern hemisphere's night skies.</p>

<p>The appearance of the Devil Comet gives stargazers and professional astronomers a spectacular opportunity to view the rare marvel.</p>

<p>The Halley-type comet, which revolves around the Sun every 71 years and has a nucleus which measures nearly 30 kilometres in diameter, is famous for its outbursts of gas and dust amid its voyages across the solar system.</p>

<h2><strong>All about the Devil Comet&nbsp;</strong></h2>

<p>The comet, which has been&nbsp;tracked for a long time, stands out because of its distinct “horned” appearance.</p>

<p>Like the other comets, 12P/Pons-Brooks is filled with ice, dust, and rocky material. When it reaches close to the sun, the comet goes through a transformation as the ice within it changes from solid to gas.</p>

<p><strong>Also Read:&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/devil-comet-may-appear-during-total-solar-eclipse-to-show-its-stunning-celestial-display-696285">'Devil Comet' likely to make an appearance during total solar eclipse in April</a></p>

<p>In the process, gas and dust are propelled from the surface of the comet and an expansive cloud with a distinctive tail is formed.</p>

<p>This tail, which is shaped and driven by solar winds, works as a visible marker of the path of the comet through space.</p>

<h2><strong>Comet to be visible after 70 years in Australian skies</strong></h2>

<p>The comet will also be visible to the naked eye for a brief period of time without the help of any special equipment to the Australians.</p>

<p>Speaking to 7News, Australian National University astrophysicist Brad Tucker said that this opportunity to notice a comet with the naked eye will happen during the early hours of April 22.</p>

<p>To catch sight of the comet, one will need to simply look upwards before sunrise. The comet will appear like a "green, fuzzy dot".</p>

<p><strong>Watch:&nbsp;Trash-grabbing robot in Space helps clearing congestion caused by debris&nbsp;</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/trash-grabbing-robot-in-space-helps-clearing-congestion-caused-by-debris-wion-world-dna-702925/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>"Venus is the bright star in the morning sky — if you can see where Venus is, look below, and the comet will be somewhere in that line between the sun and Venus," explained Tucker.</p>

<p>"If you're in a dark spot, you should be able to see it with your naked eye. But if you have a pair of binoculars, even small ones, it will make it great," he added.&nbsp;</p>

<p><em>(With inputs from agencies)</em></p>


The rare Devil Comet, which is also known as the “Mother of Dragons” comet and goes by the scientific name Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks, is now finally visible to the human eye in the northern hemisphere's night skies.

The rare Devil Comet, which is also known as the “Mother of Dragons” comet and goes by the scientific name Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks, is now finally visible to the human eye in the northern hemisphere's night skies. The appearance of the Devil Comet gives stargazers and professional astronomers a spectacular opportunity to view the rare marvel. The Halley-type comet, which revolves around the Sun every 71 years and has a nucleus which measures nearly 30 kilometres in diameter, is famous for its outbursts of gas and dust amid its voyages across the solar system. All about the Devil Comet The comet, which has been tracked for a long time, stands out because of its distinct “horned” appearance. Like the other comets, 12P/Pons-Brooks is filled with ice, dust, and rocky material. When it reaches close to the sun, the comet goes through a transformation as the ice within it changes from solid to gas. Also Read: 'Devil Comet' likely to make an appearance during total solar eclipse in April In the process, gas and dust are propelled from the surface of the comet and an expansive cloud with a distinctive tail is formed. This tail, which is shaped and driven by solar winds, works as a visible marker of the path of the comet through space. Comet to be visible after 70 years in Australian skies The comet will also be visible to the naked eye for a brief period of time without the help of any special equipment to the Australians. Speaking to 7News, Australian National University astrophysicist Brad Tucker said that this opportunity to notice a comet with the naked eye will happen during the early hours of April 22. To catch sight of the comet, one will need to simply look upwards before sunrise. The comet will appear like a "green, fuzzy dot". Watch: Trash-grabbing robot in Space helps clearing congestion caused by debris "Venus is the bright star in the morning sky — if you can see where Venus is, look below, and the comet will be somewhere in that line between the sun and Venus," explained Tucker. "If you're in a dark spot, you should be able to see it with your naked eye. But if you have a pair of binoculars, even small ones, it will make it great," he added. (With inputs from agencies)

Devil Comet can now be spotted from Earth, but right now only in this region

Discovered in 1930 Pluto was long considered our Solar System's ninth planet but then in 2006 the International Astronomical Union categorized it as a dwarf planet due to its tiny size. Our next report tells you how there is now a call to restore Pluto to its original status of a bonafide planet.

Pluto: A fascinating icy world beyond planetary status

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