Scientists have just disclosed a built-in garbage disposal system in our brain that becomes super-active when we are asleep and pushes out all the junk, and debris from our brain tissues. Researchers at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis revealed how this system works in a new study, emphasising the need to get sleep at least eight hours every day.

<h2>Why do we need this system?</h2>

According to scientists, our brain tissues use energy, and fuel to help us solve problems and memorising things. As the process takes place, some sort of debris is left behind.

When we sleep, a process is triggered which ends up removing the debris from brain tissues. The neurons use rhythmic waves to help move cerebrospinal fluid through brain tissue, thus flushing away the debris with it. This process is called the glymphatic system. The debris is flushed away through channels located near blood vessels.

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So, if we want to take out the trash from our brains on regular basis, we must ensure we are sleeping for at least eight hours daily.

“Neurons serve as master organisers for brain clearance,” the WUSTL research team said in a study recently published in Nature.

<h2>How was the study conducted?</h2>

The scientists used engineered mice to experiment. The mice were engineered to eliminate neuronal activity so that no brain junk is formed in the tissues.

It was observed that slow brain waves were seen before being undetectable in these engineered mice. The fluid was not pushed to clear the metabolic waste as the glymphatic system didn’t start. It made clear that neurons had to be active in order for the brain’s self-cleaning cycle to work.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiQh_WTzsSFAxWXzzgGHeAEAKcQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-two-great-techniques-to-overcome-past-negative-events-710861" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-two-great-techniques-to-overcome-past-negative-events-710861&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiQh_WTzsSFAxWXzzgGHeAEAKcQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE">Scientists discover two great techniques to overcome past negative events</a>

On the other hand, non-engineered mice exhibited faster waves, in order to move the fluid to remove the metabolic waste.

The team also highlighted why previous studies on the same matter didn’t show the same results.

“The experimental methodologies we used here largely avoid acute damage to the brain parenchyma, thereby providing valuable strategies for further investigations into neural dynamics and brain clearance,” the team said in the same study.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists have just disclosed a built-in garbage disposal system in our brain that becomes super-active when we are asleep and pushes out all the junk, and debris from our brain tissues.

Scientists have just disclosed a built-in garbage disposal system in our brain that becomes super-active when we are asleep and pushes out all the junk, and debris from our brain tissues. Researchers at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis revealed how this system works in a new study, emphasising the need to get sleep at least eight hours every day. Why do we need this system? According to scientists, our brain tissues use energy, and fuel to help us solve problems and memorising things. As the process takes place, some sort of debris is left behind. When we sleep, a process is triggered which ends up removing the debris from brain tissues. The neurons use rhythmic waves to help move cerebrospinal fluid through brain tissue, thus flushing away the debris with it. This process is called the glymphatic system. The debris is flushed away through channels located near blood vessels. Watch: New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report × So, if we want to take out the trash from our brains on regular basis, we must ensure we are sleeping for at least eight hours daily. “Neurons serve as master organisers for brain clearance,” the WUSTL research team said in a study recently published in Nature. How was the study conducted? The scientists used engineered mice to experiment. The mice were engineered to eliminate neuronal activity so that no brain junk is formed in the tissues. It was observed that slow brain waves were seen before being undetectable in these engineered mice. The fluid was not pushed to clear the metabolic waste as the glymphatic system didn’t start. It made clear that neurons had to be active in order for the brain’s self-cleaning cycle to work. Also read: Scientists discover two great techniques to overcome past negative events On the other hand, non-engineered mice exhibited faster waves, in order to move the fluid to remove the metabolic waste. The team also highlighted why previous studies on the same matter didn’t show the same results. “The experimental methodologies we used here largely avoid acute damage to the brain parenchyma, thereby providing valuable strategies for further investigations into neural dynamics and brain clearance,” the team said in the same study. (With inputs from agencies)

Sleep triggers built-in garbage disposal system in our brains, startling study shows

If you like to indulge in lobsters, shrimp, tuna, and other seafood then you need to be more careful. According to a recent study, there can be potential downsides to eating seafood.

If you like to indulge in lobsters, shrimp, tuna, and other seafood then you need to be more careful. According to a recent study, there can be potential downsides to eating seafood. Scientists from Dartmouth College in the UK revealed that frequent consumption of seafood could expose you to "forever chemicals" or per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The study noted that while guidelines for safe seafood consumption exist for mercury and other contaminants it doesn't exist for "forever chemicals". "Our recommendation isn't to eat seafood -- seafood is a great source of lean protein and omega fatty acids. But it also is a potentially underestimated source of PFAS exposure in humans," Megan Romano, corresponding author and Associate Professor of Epidemiology at Dartmouth College's Geisel School of Medicine in the UK explained. How did they reach this conclusion? The study analysed 26 different types of PFAS in popular marine spices such as cod, haddock, lobster, salmon, scallop, shrimp, and tuna and noted that shrimp and lobster contained the highest concentrations of PFAS. Also read: Changes in eyesight linked to early signs of Alzheimer’s and dementia: Study Their study, published in the journal Exposure and Health, discovered that particular PFAS chemicals were present at average amounts of 1.74 and 3.30 nanograms per gram of meat in shrimp and lobster, respectively. These compounds, known for their gradual disintegration over time, represent a substantial hazard to both human health and the environment. "Understanding this risk-benefit trade-off for seafood consumption is important for people making decisions about diet, especially for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and children," Romano added. Studies have linked PFAS exposure to various health issues, including cancer, fetal abnormalities, high cholesterol, and thyroid, liver, and reproductive disorders. Despite the potential risks, there are currently no established guidelines for safe seafood consumption concerning PFAS. (With inputs from agencies)

Seafood consumption linked to ‘forever chemicals’, scientists warn

A clinical trial has revealed that stem cells taken from body fat can help restore movement in patients affected by paralysis and can improve sensation. A small trial at Mayo Clinic, a nonprofit American academic medical centre, has shed light on the potential benefit of stem cells and regenerative medicine. Thanks to stem cell therapy, a patient who was paralysed from the neck down following an accident was able to walk again.

The first author of the study, Mohamad Bydon, MD, a Mayo Clinic neurosurgeon, said in a press release, "This study documents the safety and potential benefit of stem cells and regenerative medicine." "In spinal cord injury, even a mild improvement can make a significant difference in that patient's quality of life," he said.

<h2>How was the study conducted?</h2>

The phase 1 study involved 10 patients who got their stem cells removed from their abdomen or thigh. Following this, millions of new mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were grown in the lab over the next several weeks. These cells were then injected into each patient’s lumbar spine.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwj5yv2Vx8GFAxXQ8DgGHZzSAKIQxfQBKAB6BAgQEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/shocking-revelation-no-gold-and-platinum-formed-by-brightest-supernova-710617" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/shocking-revelation-no-gold-and-platinum-formed-by-brightest-supernova-710617&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj5yv2Vx8GFAxXQ8DgGHZzSAKIQxfQBKAB6BAgQEAE">Shocking revelation! No Gold and Platinum formed by brightest supernova</a>

It was observed that these cells migrated to the injured part of the spine and helped in recovery. The patients were assessed for the next two to three years for their response to the injection.

<h2>Results</h2>

The results, published in the journal Nature Communications, showed that seven of the 10 patients showed improvements in sensation and movement.

Patients exhibited stronger muscles and better reactions to light touches.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwj5yv2Vx8GFAxXQ8DgGHZzSAKIQxfQBKAB6BAgKEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-two-great-techniques-to-overcome-past-negative-events-710861" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-two-great-techniques-to-overcome-past-negative-events-710861&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj5yv2Vx8GFAxXQ8DgGHZzSAKIQxfQBKAB6BAgKEAE">Scientists discover two great techniques to overcome past negative events</a>

The most promising results were observed in a patient named Chris Barr. The California man got paralysed in 2017 after an accident. After 18 months following the injection of stem cells, Barr was able to walk again.

"I never dreamed I would have a recovery like this," Barr was quoted as saying by ABC News. "I can feed myself. I can walk around. I can do day-to-day independent activities," he added.

Scientists said the therapy showed no adverse effects.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A clinical trial has revealed that stem cells taken from body fat can help restore movement in patients affected by paralysis and can improve sensation. A small trial at Mayo Clinic, a nonprofit American academic medical centre, has shed light on the potential benefit of stem cells and regenerative medicine.

A clinical trial has revealed that stem cells taken from body fat can help restore movement in patients affected by paralysis and can improve sensation. A small trial at Mayo Clinic, a nonprofit American academic medical centre, has shed light on the potential benefit of stem cells and regenerative medicine. Thanks to stem cell therapy, a patient who was paralysed from the neck down following an accident was able to walk again. The first author of the study, Mohamad Bydon, MD, a Mayo Clinic neurosurgeon, said in a press release, "This study documents the safety and potential benefit of stem cells and regenerative medicine." "In spinal cord injury, even a mild improvement can make a significant difference in that patient's quality of life," he said. How was the study conducted? The phase 1 study involved 10 patients who got their stem cells removed from their abdomen or thigh. Following this, millions of new mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were grown in the lab over the next several weeks. These cells were then injected into each patient’s lumbar spine. Also read: Shocking revelation! No Gold and Platinum formed by brightest supernova It was observed that these cells migrated to the injured part of the spine and helped in recovery. The patients were assessed for the next two to three years for their response to the injection. Results The results, published in the journal Nature Communications, showed that seven of the 10 patients showed improvements in sensation and movement. Patients exhibited stronger muscles and better reactions to light touches. Also read: Scientists discover two great techniques to overcome past negative events The most promising results were observed in a patient named Chris Barr. The California man got paralysed in 2017 after an accident. After 18 months following the injection of stem cells, Barr was able to walk again. "I never dreamed I would have a recovery like this," Barr was quoted as saying by ABC News. "I can feed myself. I can walk around. I can do day-to-day independent activities," he added. Scientists said the therapy showed no adverse effects. (With inputs from agencies)

Paralysed patient walks after 7 years as stem cell therapy shows promising results

Your eyes can reveal a lot about your brain health. According to new research, changes in one's visual sensitivity can indicate signs of dementia around 12 years earlier than the official diagnosis.

Your eyes can reveal a lot about your brain health. According to new research, changes in one's visual sensitivity can indicate signs of dementia around 12 years earlier than the official diagnosis. How did the researchers conduct this study? Researchers followed 8,623 healthy individuals in Norfolk, England, for several years. Among them, 537 developed dementia. By analysing the data from the study, researchers identified factors that might precede a dementia diagnosis. The visual sensitivity test Researchers gave the participants a visual sensitivity test at the start of the study. The test required them to identify a triangle among moving dots. The ones who were slower to spot the triangle later developed dementia. Visual signs of dementia Visual issues could be a warning sign of cognitive decline. Alzheimer's disease first affects areas of the brain linked to vision before damaging memory-related regions, according to studies. Thus, vision tests could detect signs of memory disorders. Alzheimer's also affects contrast sensitivity and the ability to discern colours may be impacted early on. These impairments can affect daily life without immediate awareness. One early sign of Alzheimer's is difficulty in controlling eye movements, especially in ignoring distracting stimuli. This issue might increase the risk of accidents, particularly while driving. People with dementia may struggle to process new faces efficiently. They may not follow the usual pattern of scanning a person's face during conversation, making them seem distant or lost. Eye movement could help improve memory Studies suggest that eye movement might enhance memory performance. Watching TV or reading, activities involving frequent eye movements could potentially lower the risk of dementia. What are some limitations of this study? Despite promising findings, using eye movements as a diagnostic tool for Alzheimer's faces challenges. Access to expensive and complex eye-tracking technologies remains a barrier. Until more accessible options are available, widespread use of eye movements in diagnosis remains limited.

Changes in eyesight linked to early signs of Alzheimer’s and dementia: Study

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of ancient Stone Age rituals. The analysis of bones discovered in a tomb in France's Rhone Valley uncovers evidence of ritualistic killings reaching back over 2,000 years.

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of ancient Stone Age rituals. The analysis of bones discovered in a tomb in France's Rhone Valley uncovers evidence of ritualistic killings reaching back over 2,000 years. These findings, which were published in Science Advances on April 10, give insight into our predecessors' activities. The tomb, located in Saint-Paul-Trois-Chateaux in Avignon in southern France, was discovered more than two decades ago. The tomb, which resembled the structure of a grain silo, held the bones of three women who were interred around 5,500 years ago. What is incaprettamento? What distinguishes this find is the women's sad fate. According to analysis, they were buried alive, demonstrating the traditions of the time. The skeletons were discovered with their necks connected to their legs behind their backs, a kind of self-strangulation known as incaprettamento. Also read: Dancing in trance: Ancient humans possibly danced under hallucinogenic influence, archaeologists suggest Eric Crubrezy, a biological anthropologist at Paul Sabatier University, suggests a relationship between these ceremonies and agriculture. "You have the alignment, you have the silo, you have the broken stones - so it seems that it was a rite related to agriculture," he added. Similar tombs around Europe, spanning from 5,400 to 3,500 BC, suggest a widespread practice. When did this practice begin? According to Crubrezy's team, incaprettamento most likely began as a sacrificial tradition in the Mesolithic period before evolving into human sacrifices related to agriculture in the Neolithic. Penny Bickle, an archaeologist at the University of York, supports this theory, citing a link between fertility rituals and human sacrifice. Also read: Archaeologists find well-preserved fresco paintings replete with Trojan War characters in Pompeii Why is this research important? This finding provides insight into our ancient predecessors' religious and cultural practices. While disturbing to us now, it highlights the intricacies of early cultures and the important role rituals played in their lives.

Study unearths practice of women sacrifices across Europe during Stone Age

All of us go through ups and downs in our lives. Some negative experiences, illnesses, injuries and breakups might even have long-term effects on our behaviour and thought process. But is there any way to neutralise past negative experiences and turn them into meaningful life lessons so that they could have a positive effect on our future decisions?&nbsp; A new research published by VanEpps and Truncellito in Current Opinion in Psychology has revealed two methods through which individuals can be prepared to view past negative events through a positive lens.

<h2>First method: Cognitive reappraisal</h2>

One way to do this is to completely reframe the negative event and put more emphasis on the positive aspect. Known as ‘Cognitive Reappraisal,’ the method involves rewriting the past event and changing your assumptions and interpretations.

For example, if you went through a heart-breaking break-up with your partner and you believe you might never recover from that.

Watch:&nbsp;New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report

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Through cognitive reappraisal, you would get the opportunity to learn more about the positive aspects of your negative event. In this case, more emphasis can be placed on aspects like self-discovery, growth, and a more committed and fulfilling romantic relationship in the future.

This is the first way to reduce the negative emotional impact of a stressful past event.

<h2>Second method: Redeeming the past with storytelling</h2>

The other method to neutralise a negative past event is through the art of storytelling. This method involves repackaging the unfavourable experiences and “redeem the past.”

Well, if you incorporate your negative events in a wider story, it can help you build a larger, more positive narrative overall.

After all, not all stories are pleasant, without pain and embarrassment. But all of them carry a great story-telling value. A good story involves tension and conflicts.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwi-7fusjL-FAxWuklYBHWX6Cx4QxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/shocking-revelation-no-gold-and-platinum-formed-by-brightest-supernova-710617" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/shocking-revelation-no-gold-and-platinum-formed-by-brightest-supernova-710617&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi-7fusjL-FAxWuklYBHWX6Cx4QxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE">Shocking revelation! No Gold and Platinum formed by brightest supernova</a>

Some stories inform people while some warn or persuade. All of them have some value, whether negative or positive.

In storytelling, one can consider the past negative events as a small section in the large positive story.

The above two methods can help people overcome the trauma of the past and move ahead in future with a more positive attitude towards life.

(With inputs from agencies)

All of us go through ups and downs in our lives. Some negative experiences, illnesses, injuries and breakups might even have long-term effects on our behaviour and thought process.

All of us go through ups and downs in our lives. Some negative experiences, illnesses, injuries and breakups might even have long-term effects on our behaviour and thought process. But is there any way to neutralise past negative experiences and turn them into meaningful life lessons so that they could have a positive effect on our future decisions? A new research published by VanEpps and Truncellito in Current Opinion in Psychology has revealed two methods through which individuals can be prepared to view past negative events through a positive lens. First method: Cognitive reappraisal One way to do this is to completely reframe the negative event and put more emphasis on the positive aspect. Known as ‘Cognitive Reappraisal,’ the method involves rewriting the past event and changing your assumptions and interpretations. For example, if you went through a heart-breaking break-up with your partner and you believe you might never recover from that. Watch: New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report × Through cognitive reappraisal, you would get the opportunity to learn more about the positive aspects of your negative event. In this case, more emphasis can be placed on aspects like self-discovery, growth, and a more committed and fulfilling romantic relationship in the future. This is the first way to reduce the negative emotional impact of a stressful past event. Second method: Redeeming the past with storytelling The other method to neutralise a negative past event is through the art of storytelling. This method involves repackaging the unfavourable experiences and “redeem the past.” Well, if you incorporate your negative events in a wider story, it can help you build a larger, more positive narrative overall. After all, not all stories are pleasant, without pain and embarrassment. But all of them carry a great story-telling value. A good story involves tension and conflicts. Also read: Shocking revelation! No Gold and Platinum formed by brightest supernova Some stories inform people while some warn or persuade. All of them have some value, whether negative or positive. In storytelling, one can consider the past negative events as a small section in the large positive story. The above two methods can help people overcome the trauma of the past and move ahead in future with a more positive attitude towards life. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists discover two great techniques to overcome past negative events

On Wednesday (April 10), Arizona's top court revived a Civil War-era law from 1864, which puts a near-total ban on abortion. The law makes it a felony to provide an abortion or help a person obtain one.

On Wednesday (April 10), Arizona's top court revived a Civil War-era law from 1864, which puts a near-total ban on abortion. The law makes it a felony to provide an abortion or help a person obtain one. According to a new paper in the journal JAMA Health Forum, adults are seeking permanent contraception after the US Supreme Court overturned Roe V. Wade in 2022 and took away the 'constitutional' right to abortion. Since then, more and more US states have completely banned abortions with others imposing limited access on abortions. The study analysed data from 113 million people across the United States and found that there's been an increase in permanent contraception in both men and women between the ages of 18–30. Women's permanent contraception rate double then men Women undergoing tubal ligations, known as 'getting your tubes tied' were twice as high as men undergoing vasectomies, Since Roe v. Wade was overturned in 2022, there has been an immediate rise of 58 sterilization procedures for women, or around 5.31 procedures per 100,000 persons each month. This is roughly double the previous rate of 2.84 procedures per month for women. Men had an overall increase of 27 procedures, but no significant increase in monthly procedures. “The major difference in patterns of these two procedures likely reflects the fact that young women are overwhelmingly responsible for preventing pregnancy and disproportionately experience the health, social, and economic consequences of abortion bans,” lead author Jacqueline Ellison, said in a press release. “Women and people who can get pregnant also disproportionately experience the health, social, and economic effects of unwanted pregnancy. Because of this and the fact that parenting responsibilities fall predominately on women, cisgender men may not feel the same sense of urgency to undergo permanent contraception,” Ellison added. What do these findings imply? The abrupt increase in permanent contraceptive methods shows fear or anxiety among young people with restricted abortion access. “What is concerning to me is that young people may be feeling pressure to use a contraceptive method that they otherwise would not prefer, which has implications for reproductive autonomy,” Ellison said. Also read: 'Shame! Shame!': Arizona Republicans shut down attempts to repeal abortion ban What was the Roe v. Wade case about? The 1973 Roe v. Wade judgment provided a foundation for legal abortion in the United States. Jane Roe, an unmarried pregnant woman, challenged Texas' abortion ban. The court ruled in her favor, saying, "The United States Constitution provides a fundamental "right to privacy" that protects a person's right to choose whether to have an abortion. The abortion right is not absolute. It must be balanced against the government's interests in protecting health and prenatal life." The Court overturned the ruling in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization case in 2022, eliminating the 'constitutional' right to abortion.

US women getting tubes tied 'doubled' after constitutional right to abortion revoked

Neuroscientists have discovered that the spinal cord can make its memories independent of the brain. This new revelation can be a game-changer for treating patients' spinal cord injuries.

Neuroscientists have discovered that the spinal cord can make its memories independent of the brain. This new revelation can be a game-changer for treating patients' spinal cord injuries. Earlier studies have shown that the spinal cord can initiate reflex movements without the brain's involvement and it appears to learn and adjust movements based on previous experiences. The mechanism behind this has been unknown. "Learning and memory is often attributed as functions of the brain exclusively. Although scientists knew for more than a century that the spinal cord could learn and adapt movements in the absence of brain input, we did not know how the spinal cord learns and memorises what is has learned," Aya Takeoka, the author of the study, told Newsweek. "Gaining insights into the underlying mechanism is essential if we want to understand the foundations of movement automaticity in healthy people and use this knowledge to improve recovery after spinal cord injury," she added. How did the researchers derive the conclusion? To understand the roles of neurons in reflexive learning, the researchers first tested whether spinal cord cells could adapt to sensory inputs in the absence of brain impulses. Once they tested that with the help of a pair of mice, they learned that the spinal cord could learn and remember independently of the brain. Next, they tried to find the neuronal circuitry that was helping the spinal cord to store memory. They discovered that the spinal cord does not need learning cells or memory cells for recalling and learning what it has experienced. "The two groups of nerve cells have distinct functions; learning cells are not needed for recalling what the spinal cord had learned, and memory cells were not needed for learning," researchers derived. "Not only do these results challenge the prevailing notion that motor learning and memory are solely confined to brain circuits, but we showed that we could manipulate spinal cord motor recall, which has implications for therapies designed to improve recovery after spinal cord damage," Takeoka added.

Spinal cords can make their own memories, neuroscientists reveal

Fast ageing is becoming more common in newer births and this could be linked to a higher incidence of early-onset solid tumours, according to research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024, held April 5-10.

The new research was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024.

“We all know cancer is an ageing disease. However, it is really coming to a younger population. So, whether we can use the well-developed concept of biological ageing to apply that to the younger generation is a really untouched area,” Yin Cao, the senior author of the study said.

<h2>What is biological age?</h2>

Biological age is different from chronological age (the number of years a person has been alive).&nbsp;It refers to the age of one's cells and tissues based on physiological evidence. For instance, if someone is healthy and fit for their age, their biological age might be lower than their chronological age. Likewise, if someone is in poor physical condition, their biological age may be higher. 
“Unlike chronological age, biological age may be influenced by factors such as diet, physical activity, mental health, and environmental stressors. Accumulating evidence suggests that the younger generations may be ageing more swiftly than anticipated, likely due to earlier exposure to various risk factors and environmental insults,” she added.

The study aimed to determine if accelerated ageing, i.e. one's biological age being higher than the chronological age, contributes to the development of&nbsp;cancers at a young age.&nbsp;

The research analysed data from almost 1,50,000 participants in the UK Biobank database and calculated their biological age using nine blood biomarkers such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, C-reactive protein, glucose, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte proportion.

The biological age trend showed that those who were born in or after 1965 had a 17% higher chance of accelerated ageing compared to those who were born between 1950 and 1954.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="http://wionew.com/science/study-finds-infertility-in-men-tied-to-higher-family-cancer-risk-709492" hreflang="en">Study finds infertility in men tied to higher risk of cancer in families</a>

“By examining the relationship between accelerating ageing and the risk of early-onset cancers, we provide a fresh perspective on the shared etiology of early-onset cancers. If validated, our findings suggest that interventions to slow biological ageing could be a new avenue for cancer prevention, and screening efforts tailored to younger individuals with signs of accelerated ageing could help detect cancers early," Tian said.

The study discovered that a standard deviation increase in accelerated ageing was linked to a 42% higher risk of developing lung cancer, a 22% higher risk of gastrointestinal cancer, and a 36% higher risk of uterine cancer early on. The research could be a game changer in the early diagnosis and prevention of cancer.

Tian highlighted the potential implications of these findings, suggesting that interventions aimed at slowing biological ageing could be a novel approach to cancer prevention.

Since the study only had participants from the United Kingdom it might mean that the findings of this research might not apply to people with different genetic backgrounds and environmental conditions.

Fast ageing is becoming more common in newer births and this could be linked to a higher incidence of early-onset solid tumours, according to research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024, held April 5-10.

Fast ageing is becoming more common in newer births and this could be linked to a higher incidence of early-onset solid tumours, according to research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024, held April 5-10. The new research was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024. “We all know cancer is an ageing disease. However, it is really coming to a younger population. So, whether we can use the well-developed concept of biological ageing to apply that to the younger generation is a really untouched area,” Yin Cao, the senior author of the study said. What is biological age? Biological age is different from chronological age (the number of years a person has been alive). It refers to the age of one's cells and tissues based on physiological evidence. For instance, if someone is healthy and fit for their age, their biological age might be lower than their chronological age. Likewise, if someone is in poor physical condition, their biological age may be higher. “Unlike chronological age, biological age may be influenced by factors such as diet, physical activity, mental health, and environmental stressors. Accumulating evidence suggests that the younger generations may be ageing more swiftly than anticipated, likely due to earlier exposure to various risk factors and environmental insults,” she added. The study aimed to determine if accelerated ageing, i.e. one's biological age being higher than the chronological age, contributes to the development of cancers at a young age. The research analysed data from almost 1,50,000 participants in the UK Biobank database and calculated their biological age using nine blood biomarkers such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, C-reactive protein, glucose, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte proportion. The biological age trend showed that those who were born in or after 1965 had a 17% higher chance of accelerated ageing compared to those who were born between 1950 and 1954. Also read: Study finds infertility in men tied to higher risk of cancer in families “By examining the relationship between accelerating ageing and the risk of early-onset cancers, we provide a fresh perspective on the shared etiology of early-onset cancers. If validated, our findings suggest that interventions to slow biological ageing could be a new avenue for cancer prevention, and screening efforts tailored to younger individuals with signs of accelerated ageing could help detect cancers early," Tian said. The study discovered that a standard deviation increase in accelerated ageing was linked to a 42% higher risk of developing lung cancer, a 22% higher risk of gastrointestinal cancer, and a 36% higher risk of uterine cancer early on. The research could be a game changer in the early diagnosis and prevention of cancer. Tian highlighted the potential implications of these findings, suggesting that interventions aimed at slowing biological ageing could be a novel approach to cancer prevention. Since the study only had participants from the United Kingdom it might mean that the findings of this research might not apply to people with different genetic backgrounds and environmental conditions.

Accelerated ageing is heightening cancer risk in younger population: Study

Our Earth has witnessed several “Snowball” periods during its history. During these periods, the entire planet remained covered in ice for thousands and even millions of years. For long, scientists have debated over one question: What could have triggered the initiation of the snowball periods? Now, a study has claimed that the process might have been triggered by large asteroids that slammed into Earth.

The study, published in the journal Science Advances, has been prepared by scientists from Yale, the University of Chicago and the University of Vienna.

<h2>Previous theory</h2>

According to one theory, the ice age might have begun due to a massive decline in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, scientists still wanted to explore other possibilities.

Lead author of the study, Minmin Fu, the Richard Foster Flint Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences in Yale’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences, said in a statement: “We decided to explore an alternative possibility.”

“What if an extraterrestrial impact caused this climate change transition very abruptly?” Minmin added.

<h2>How the study was conducted?</h2>

The scientists used a climate model and aligned it with characteristics of the aftermath of an asteroid strike in four different periods of the past: Preindustrial (150 years ago), Last Glacial Maximum (21,000 years ago), Cretaceous (145 to 66 million years ago), and Neoproterozoic (1 billion to 542 million years ago).

Scientists concluded that while the asteroid strike was unlikely to trigger a snowball in two warmer periods (Cretaceous and preindustrial), it could have triggered one in the other two periods as the temperature in climate was already low.

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The temperature in the Glacial Maximum and Neoproterozoic periods was cold enough to set in motion an ice age.

“What surprised me most in our results is that, given sufficiently cold initial climate conditions, a ‘Snowball’ state after an asteroid impact can develop over the global ocean in a matter of just one decade,” said co-author Alexey Fedorov, a professor of ocean and atmospheric sciences in Yale’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwil3Jav0LeFAxX1hGMGHQx1C0IQxfQBKAB6BAgOEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/is-bird-flu-to-blame-for-thousands-of-dead-penguins-in-antarctica-scientists-rush-to-find-out-707953" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/is-bird-flu-to-blame-for-thousands-of-dead-penguins-in-antarctica-scientists-rush-to-find-out-707953&amp;ved=2ahUKEwil3Jav0LeFAxX1hGMGHQx1C0IQxfQBKAB6BAgOEAE">Is bird flu to blame for thousands of dead penguins in Antarctica? Scientists rush to find out</a>

“By then the thickness of sea ice at the Equator would reach about 10 metres. This should be compared to a typical sea ice thickness of one to three metres in the modern Arctic.”

(With inputs from agencies)

Our Earth has witnessed several “Snowball” periods during its history. During these periods, the entire planet remained covered in ice for thousands and even millions of years.

Our Earth has witnessed several “Snowball” periods during its history. During these periods, the entire planet remained covered in ice for thousands and even millions of years. For long, scientists have debated over one question: What could have triggered the initiation of the snowball periods? Now, a study has claimed that the process might have been triggered by large asteroids that slammed into Earth. The study, published in the journal Science Advances, has been prepared by scientists from Yale, the University of Chicago and the University of Vienna. Previous theory According to one theory, the ice age might have begun due to a massive decline in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, scientists still wanted to explore other possibilities. Lead author of the study, Minmin Fu, the Richard Foster Flint Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences in Yale’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences, said in a statement: “We decided to explore an alternative possibility.” “What if an extraterrestrial impact caused this climate change transition very abruptly?” Minmin added. How the study was conducted? The scientists used a climate model and aligned it with characteristics of the aftermath of an asteroid strike in four different periods of the past: Preindustrial (150 years ago), Last Glacial Maximum (21,000 years ago), Cretaceous (145 to 66 million years ago), and Neoproterozoic (1 billion to 542 million years ago). Scientists concluded that while the asteroid strike was unlikely to trigger a snowball in two warmer periods (Cretaceous and preindustrial), it could have triggered one in the other two periods as the temperature in climate was already low. Also read: NASA`s Perseverance rover spots thousands of `unusual` white rocks on Mars The temperature in the Glacial Maximum and Neoproterozoic periods was cold enough to set in motion an ice age. “What surprised me most in our results is that, given sufficiently cold initial climate conditions, a ‘Snowball’ state after an asteroid impact can develop over the global ocean in a matter of just one decade,” said co-author Alexey Fedorov, a professor of ocean and atmospheric sciences in Yale’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Also read: Is bird flu to blame for thousands of dead penguins in Antarctica? Scientists rush to find out “By then the thickness of sea ice at the Equator would reach about 10 metres. This should be compared to a typical sea ice thickness of one to three metres in the modern Arctic.” (With inputs from agencies)

Large asteroids that slammed into Earth could have triggered ice age: Study

Chinese researchers have published a paper claiming to have found a prehistoric tapeworm partially intact inside a sample of 100-million-year-old amber. The mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber was discovered in Myanmar. According to the scientists at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the discovery of a tapeworm from this era is extremely rare, and it could bear the traces of DNA of its prehistoric host.

Tapeworms span from less than one millimetre to over 30 metres in length. They can infect humans, and livestock and live in almost all kinds of environments.

The discovery indeed is fascinating and reeks of the beginning of the Sci-fi movie&nbsp;Jurassic Park, where scientists used prehistoric mosquito remains to extract the DNA from extinct creatures from a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth.

According to Luo Cihang, the first author of the study, “The current find is the most convincing body fossil of a platyhelminth ever found.”

<h2>The tapeworm may be carrying the DNA of dinosaurs</h2>

As per the research, the tapeworm might have hooked itself to the intestine of a host belonging to the Early Cretaceous period. The Cretaceous is usually noted for being the last portion of the "Age of Dinosaurs."&nbsp;

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It could mean that the tapeworm may be carrying DNA samples of various dinosaurs, including the large, meat-eating deinonychus, the horned carnotaurus, or a massive carcharodontosaurus, which boasted a bigger skull than a tyrannosaurus rex.

<h2>Host creature might be marine dinosaur</h2>

The study highlights that the amber was deposited into the amber on shore, indicating its host might have been a marine dinosaur. According to one theory, the host may have been trapped on land and died, causing the tapeworm to detach itself from the host’s intestine and move out of the body and into sticky amber.

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As per another theory, the sea creature which hosted the tapeworm might have been eaten by a land-roaming dinosaur. As and when its host was being eaten, the tapeworm would have made its way out and be stuck in the amber.

(With inputs from agencies)

Chinese researchers have published a paper claiming to have found a prehistoric tapeworm partially intact inside a sample of 100-million-year-old amber. The mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber was discovered in Myanmar.

Chinese researchers have published a paper claiming to have found a prehistoric tapeworm partially intact inside a sample of 100-million-year-old amber. The mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber was discovered in Myanmar. According to the scientists at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the discovery of a tapeworm from this era is extremely rare, and it could bear the traces of DNA of its prehistoric host. Tapeworms span from less than one millimetre to over 30 metres in length. They can infect humans, and livestock and live in almost all kinds of environments. The discovery indeed is fascinating and reeks of the beginning of the Sci-fi movie Jurassic Park, where scientists used prehistoric mosquito remains to extract the DNA from extinct creatures from a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth. According to Luo Cihang, the first author of the study, “The current find is the most convincing body fossil of a platyhelminth ever found.” The tapeworm may be carrying the DNA of dinosaurs As per the research, the tapeworm might have hooked itself to the intestine of a host belonging to the Early Cretaceous period. The Cretaceous is usually noted for being the last portion of the "Age of Dinosaurs." Also read: How do seafloors transform into towering mountains? Scientists uncover crucial step It could mean that the tapeworm may be carrying DNA samples of various dinosaurs, including the large, meat-eating deinonychus, the horned carnotaurus, or a massive carcharodontosaurus, which boasted a bigger skull than a tyrannosaurus rex. Host creature might be marine dinosaur The study highlights that the amber was deposited into the amber on shore, indicating its host might have been a marine dinosaur. According to one theory, the host may have been trapped on land and died, causing the tapeworm to detach itself from the host’s intestine and move out of the body and into sticky amber. Also read: NASA`s Perseverance rover spots thousands of `unusual` white rocks on Mars As per another theory, the sea creature which hosted the tapeworm might have been eaten by a land-roaming dinosaur. As and when its host was being eaten, the tapeworm would have made its way out and be stuck in the amber. (With inputs from agencies)

This 100mn-year-old creature found in amber once lived inside dinosaurs

What do most people look for in other individuals when hunting for a romantic partner? You might say physical attractiveness, wealth or socioeconomic status. However, a recent study has dismissed this widely-held notion. As per the study, conducted in Brazil and published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior, most people prioritise intelligence and kindness as the most sought-after traits when choosing a partner.

The findings were consistent regardless of sexual orientation.&nbsp;

“Choosing a romantic partner is a very ordinary, but also extremely intriguing process,” said study author Joao Francisco Goes Braga Takayanagi of the Institute of Psychology at the University of Sao Paulo.

“We may know immediately that we are attracted to someone, but we might not know exactly why we are attracted to them, or even if that attraction is any proof that they will be a good match for us. I am fascinated by relationship science because it helps us understand something that is universal, but also quite mysterious and important to all of us, ” Joao Francisco added.

<h2>Sample size</h2>

&nbsp;The study included 778 participants, aged between 18 and 64. The group comprised people of different sexual orientations: heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual men and women.

The participants were asked to create their ideal partner based on a set of traits: Intelligence, kindness, physical attractiveness, health, and socioeconomic status.

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All of the participants were also given three different budget scenarios: low, medium, and high, to find out how people’s priorities change with the change in the availability of resources.

<h2>Results</h2>

Intelligence and kindness emerged as the most desired traits by people of all age groups, regardless of their sexual orientation.

However, with special emphasis placed on sexual orientation, some other traits also emerged as most desired. For example, Heterosexual men said physical attractiveness played a major role when choosing partners.

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Conversely, individuals attracted to men (including heterosexual women, homosexual men, and bisexual individuals) showed a higher preference for socioeconomic status.

“Also, social status seems to be especially important for men’s appeal, since both heterosexual women and gay men valued this trait more in relation to other groups. Still, if you want to attract more potential partners, working on your brains and personality seems to be your best bet,” Takayanagi was quoted as saying by PsyPost.

(With inputs from agencies)

What do most people look for in other individuals when hunting for a romantic partner? You might say physical attractiveness, wealth or socioeconomic status. However, a recent study has dismissed this widely-held notion.

What do most people look for in other individuals when hunting for a romantic partner? You might say physical attractiveness, wealth or socioeconomic status. However, a recent study has dismissed this widely-held notion. As per the study, conducted in Brazil and published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior, most people prioritise intelligence and kindness as the most sought-after traits when choosing a partner. The findings were consistent regardless of sexual orientation. “Choosing a romantic partner is a very ordinary, but also extremely intriguing process,” said study author Joao Francisco Goes Braga Takayanagi of the Institute of Psychology at the University of Sao Paulo. “We may know immediately that we are attracted to someone, but we might not know exactly why we are attracted to them, or even if that attraction is any proof that they will be a good match for us. I am fascinated by relationship science because it helps us understand something that is universal, but also quite mysterious and important to all of us, ” Joao Francisco added. Sample size The study included 778 participants, aged between 18 and 64. The group comprised people of different sexual orientations: heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual men and women. The participants were asked to create their ideal partner based on a set of traits: Intelligence, kindness, physical attractiveness, health, and socioeconomic status. Also read: Astronauts to drive around in Moon cars that will be brought to life by these three companies All of the participants were also given three different budget scenarios: low, medium, and high, to find out how people’s priorities change with the change in the availability of resources. Results Intelligence and kindness emerged as the most desired traits by people of all age groups, regardless of their sexual orientation. However, with special emphasis placed on sexual orientation, some other traits also emerged as most desired. For example, Heterosexual men said physical attractiveness played a major role when choosing partners. Also read: NASA`s Perseverance rover spots thousands of `unusual` white rocks on Mars Conversely, individuals attracted to men (including heterosexual women, homosexual men, and bisexual individuals) showed a higher preference for socioeconomic status. “Also, social status seems to be especially important for men’s appeal, since both heterosexual women and gay men valued this trait more in relation to other groups. Still, if you want to attract more potential partners, working on your brains and personality seems to be your best bet,” Takayanagi was quoted as saying by PsyPost. (With inputs from agencies)

Intelligence, kindness most desired traits when choosing romantic partners: Study

A groundbreaking study in the UK has revealed that reducing the duration of MRI scans for prostate cancer by a third would make them cheaper and more accessible without compromising on their accuracy. Lower costs would mean that more men could be offered scans and diagnosis for a disease which is highly treatable in its early stages.

<h2>Current system</h2>

As of today, doctors rely on a three-stage MRI scan to detect prostate cancer. The patient is injected with a contrast dye at the third stage, which helps to enhance the images from the scan. Now, the new research indicates the third step can be done away with if the first two scans are done with high precision and good quality.

<h2>New Study</h2>

Researchers from University College London (UCL) and University College London Hospitals conducted a study in which they assessed the impact of dropping the third stage. The study involved 555 patients from 22 hospitals in 12 countries.

The results were exciting. They found that the shorter scans enabled doctors to diagnose 29 per cent of prostate cancers, the same proportion as with three-step scans.

Dr Clare Allen, lead radiologist on the trial, emphasised that significant prostate cancers were not likely to be missed if a third scan was not done.

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“The scans will be quicker, cheaper and can be offered to more men,” she was quoted as saying by The Guardian. “Though it is critical to emphasise that dropping the third part of the MRI scan is dependent on the first two parts of the scan being of high quality,” she added.

<h2>Difference in cost</h2>

According to experts, the shorter scan method would be 50 per cent cheaper and also quicker. In the UK, while a three-scan MRI costs £273 on average, a two-phase scan costs just £145.

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According to Matthew Hobbs, director of research at Prostate Cancer UK, which co-funded the trial with the John Black Charitable Foundation, the patients would no longer require injection.

“This will allow more men to benefit from a better, more accurate diagnosis at a lower cost to healthcare systems not only in the UK, but worldwide,” he said.

(With inputs from agencies)

A groundbreaking study in the UK has revealed that reducing the duration of MRI scans for prostate cancer by a third would make them cheaper and more accessible without compromising on their accuracy.

A groundbreaking study in the UK has revealed that reducing the duration of MRI scans for prostate cancer by a third would make them cheaper and more accessible without compromising on their accuracy. Lower costs would mean that more men could be offered scans and diagnosis for a disease which is highly treatable in its early stages. Current system As of today, doctors rely on a three-stage MRI scan to detect prostate cancer. The patient is injected with a contrast dye at the third stage, which helps to enhance the images from the scan. Now, the new research indicates the third step can be done away with if the first two scans are done with high precision and good quality. New Study Researchers from University College London (UCL) and University College London Hospitals conducted a study in which they assessed the impact of dropping the third stage. The study involved 555 patients from 22 hospitals in 12 countries. The results were exciting. They found that the shorter scans enabled doctors to diagnose 29 per cent of prostate cancers, the same proportion as with three-step scans. Dr Clare Allen, lead radiologist on the trial, emphasised that significant prostate cancers were not likely to be missed if a third scan was not done. Also read: How do seafloors transform into towering mountains? Scientists uncover crucial step “The scans will be quicker, cheaper and can be offered to more men,” she was quoted as saying by The Guardian. “Though it is critical to emphasise that dropping the third part of the MRI scan is dependent on the first two parts of the scan being of high quality,” she added. Difference in cost According to experts, the shorter scan method would be 50 per cent cheaper and also quicker. In the UK, while a three-scan MRI costs £273 on average, a two-phase scan costs just £145. Also read: NASA`s Perseverance rover spots thousands of `unusual` white rocks on Mars According to Matthew Hobbs, director of research at Prostate Cancer UK, which co-funded the trial with the John Black Charitable Foundation, the patients would no longer require injection. “This will allow more men to benefit from a better, more accurate diagnosis at a lower cost to healthcare systems not only in the UK, but worldwide,” he said. (With inputs from agencies)

Groundbreaking study reveals how to cut cost of prostate cancer scans by half

If you are a Harry Potter fan then you must have wanted an invisibility cloak, one of the three presents of Death. Well, your prayers have been answered as a company developed a shield, similar to Harry's invisibility cloak dubbed as 'invisibility megashield.

If you are a Harry Potter fan then you must have wanted an invisibility cloak, one of the three presents of Death. Well, your prayers have been answered as a company developed a shield, similar to Harry's invisibility cloak dubbed as 'invisibility megashield.' 'Want to experience the power of invisibility? We've got you covered,' said the Invisibility Shield Co., a London-based startup that is selling these shields for £699. How does the 'invisibility megashield' work? The shield makes use of a precision-engineered lens to bend the light that reflects from the person standing behind the shield away from the observer, thus making them almost invisible to the observer's eye. "The lenses in this array are oriented so that the vertical strip of light reflected by the standing/crouching subject becomes diffuse when spread out horizontally on passing through the back of the shield," the Invisibility Shield Co wrote on its Kickstarter page. × "In contrast, the strip of light reflected from the background is much wider, so when it passes through the back of the shield, far more of it is refracted both across the shield and towards the observer. From the observer's perspective, this background light is effectively smeared horizontally across the front face of the shield, over the area where the subject would ordinarily be seen," the explanation read. Also read | Ukraine develops 'invisibility cloaks' for its snipers. Here's how they work The megashield can hide multiple people standing behind it side by side because of its big size. The shield is 6ft tall and 4ft wide in size and is made from high-grade polycarbonate. It took Invisibility Shield Co. almost two years of testing before developing this latest model. According to the developing team behind 'invisibility megashield,' the shield works best against uniform backdrops such as grass, foliage, sand, and sky, or backgrounds with defined horizontal lines work extremely well, such as the horizon, walls, rails, or painted lines, etc. The company currently crowdfunding on Kickstarter, where you people can purchase the Megashield for the early bird price of £699.

UK company develops Harry Potter-like invisibility cloak. Watch how it works

Parts of the US, Canada and Mexico will thrust into darkness as the Moon glides completely covering the Sun, marking a total solar eclipse on April 8. While millions of spectators are excited, NASA engineers in Virginia plan to make the most of the few minutes of darkness by launching rockets straight into the eclipse's shadow, LiveScience reported.

Parts of the US, Canada and Mexico will thrust into darkness as the Moon glides completely covering the Sun, marking a total solar eclipse on April 8. While millions of spectators are excited, NASA engineers in Virginia plan to make the most of the few minutes of darkness by launching rockets straight into the eclipse's shadow, LiveScience reported. These launches have a crucial science goal besides the cool factor. They will enable the scientists to understand how the sudden drop in sunlight impacts Earth's blanket of air. The swift transition from day to night during the eclipse causes sudden temperature drops. It also tricks animals into engaging in nighttime behaviours. However, scientists know little about how these brief moments of darkness affect the boundary between our planet's upper and lower atmosphere, called the ionosphere. The ionosphere extends between 55 to 310 miles (90 to 500 kilometres) above the planet's surface. ALSO READ | Mars may have hosted life for millions of years longer than previously thought In the ionosphere, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun drives away electrons from atoms, creating electrically charged particles that puff up the upper atmosphere abundantly. During sunset, these ions recombine into neutral atoms, thinning out the charged particles. However, they are ripped away again the next morning. "If you think of the ionosphere as a pond with some gentle ripples on it, the eclipse is like a motorboat that suddenly rips through the water," Aroh Barjatya, a professor of engineering and physics at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, said in a 2023 NASA article. "It creates a wake immediately underneath and behind it, and then the water level momentarily goes up as it rushes back in," he added. NASA engineers expect to gather enough data to predict such disturbances, which interfere with radio and satellite communications. They will launch three rockets from Wallops Flight Facility on Wallops Island, Virginia. The Moon will block only 81.4 per cent of the sun's light at this facility. However, the team expects to use the temporary dimming. The same research team performed a similar experiment during last October's partial "ring of fire" solar eclipse when the Moon blocked a maximum of 90 per cent of the Sun's light. The experiment revealed that the drop in sunlight caused disturbances capable of impacting radio and satellite communications, highlighting the need for improved capability to anticipate them. "We are super excited to relaunch [the rockets] during the total eclipse, to see if the perturbations start at the same altitude and if their magnitude and scale remain the same," Barjatya concluded in a NASA statement. (With inputs from agencies)

NASA plans to launch three rockets into the solar eclipse shadow next week. Here’s why

A new study has claimed that a high level of narcissism is directly associated with a high level of happiness in individuals. Published in the latest issue of Personality and Individual Differences, the study aimed at exploring any link between happiness and the Dark Triad of personalities.

A new study has claimed that a high level of narcissism is directly associated with a high level of happiness in individuals. Published in the latest issue of Personality and Individual Differences, the study aimed at exploring any link between happiness and the Dark Triad of personalities. Dark Triad of personalities As per the study, the dark triad consists of three personalities: Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. Narcissism is associated with having a sense of entitlement and superiority over others. Machiavellianism is linked with being calculating, cold, and cynical. Watch: New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report × Psychopathy is identified as being fearless and ruthless. The study concludes that of these three, the narcissists exhibited signs of the most happiness. Methodology To conduct the study, the authors carried out a Meta-analysis of the link between happiness and dark triad. With a median sample size of 432, including diverse groups such as college students and older participants, several assessment tools were employed. Also read: Scientists find 12,000-year-old preserved human brains resisting decomposition This analysis found that “higher levels of narcissism were significantly associated with higher happiness, whereas higher levels of psychopathy were significantly associated with lower happiness”. “However, Machiavellianism was not significantly related to happiness,” according to the research. Why narcissists are happy? Here are possible explanations as to why narcissists seem to be happier in their lives. Narcissists tend to be more social, as they seek attention and look to express superiority over others. They are talkative as well as energetic, some traits that may lead to positive emotions and happiness. Narcissists always believe they are better than other people, in domains such as attractiveness, intelligence, and success. This sense of entitlement makes them happier On the other hand, psychopaths are less social beings and thus are more likely to fall prey to depression and negative emotions. This results in lower happiness. The study makes it clear: Narcissists are happier people. However, more research is needed to better explore this relationship and the reasons behind it. (With inputs from agencies)

Here's why narcissists are happier in their lives than psychopaths

A groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature Communications has claimed that a mother’s dietary habits might be strongly linked to how her child&nbsp;looks. The study, published on Mar 26, claimed a mother’s diet could influence some features starting in the womb.

Researchers linked protein levels in the mother’s diet to gene activity, especially mTORC1 genes. The genes directly influence the “craniofacial shape of the embryos,” said the authors.

“We found that modulation of the level of protein in the maternal diet regulates mTORC1 activity, resulting in subtle but distinct changes in the craniofacial shape of the embryos,” the researchers explained.

<h2>Facial features of children linked to protein</h2>

The researchers found that high-protein diets in mothers led to stronger, sharper jawlines and bigger noses in children. On the other hand, a low protein diet led to slimmer, pointier features.

Simply put, a mother’s protein intake has a significant influence on the shape and size of the nose or jaw of their children.

<h2>Mother’s diet linked to the health of children</h2>

Previous studies have linked the mother’s diet to the health of newborn babies already. For example, the vegan diet of mothers has been linked to lower weight in children at the time of birth.

A study published earlier this year found that mothers who were obese were more likely to give birth to children facing heightened risk of metabolic conditions — such as fatty liver disease — later in life.

Another study revealed that mothers who ate excessive processed foods could pass on harmful chemicals to their fetuses.

<h2>How was the study conducted?</h2>

To conduct the study, scientists observed behaviours in pregnant mice and zebrafish.

Watch:&nbsp;New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report

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Scientists took genetically manipulated animals and observed changes in their offspring by making changes in their nutrition levels.

<h2>Significance</h2>

The study suggests that maternal nutrition could have a long-lasting impact on offspring, which might help them evolve according to certain environmental conditions.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiD8uuzjJmFAxVknK8BHY8yCmQQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-12000-year-old-preserved-human-brain-resisting-decomposition-702201" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-find-12000-year-old-preserved-human-brain-resisting-decomposition-702201&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiD8uuzjJmFAxVknK8BHY8yCmQQxfQBKAB6BAgMEAE">Scientists find 12,000-year-old preserved human brains resisting decomposition</a>

“In summary, we have demonstrated here that the mTORC1 pathway modulates the embryonic shaping of craniofacial skeletal elements at the stage of chondrogenic condensations, with subsequent fine-tuning during intercalation of chondro-progenitors,” wrote the study authors.

“Furthermore, we provide evidence for an impact of maternal protein intake during pregnancy on the shaping of fetal craniofacial cartilage,” they added.

(With inputs from agencies)

A groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature Communications has claimed that a mother’s dietary habits might be strongly linked to how her child looks.

A groundbreaking study published in the journal Nature Communications has claimed that a mother’s dietary habits might be strongly linked to how her child looks. The study, published on Mar 26, claimed a mother’s diet could influence some features starting in the womb. Researchers linked protein levels in the mother’s diet to gene activity, especially mTORC1 genes. The genes directly influence the “craniofacial shape of the embryos,” said the authors. “We found that modulation of the level of protein in the maternal diet regulates mTORC1 activity, resulting in subtle but distinct changes in the craniofacial shape of the embryos,” the researchers explained. Facial features of children linked to protein The researchers found that high-protein diets in mothers led to stronger, sharper jawlines and bigger noses in children. On the other hand, a low protein diet led to slimmer, pointier features. Simply put, a mother’s protein intake has a significant influence on the shape and size of the nose or jaw of their children. Mother’s diet linked to the health of children Previous studies have linked the mother’s diet to the health of newborn babies already. For example, the vegan diet of mothers has been linked to lower weight in children at the time of birth. A study published earlier this year found that mothers who were obese were more likely to give birth to children facing heightened risk of metabolic conditions — such as fatty liver disease — later in life. Another study revealed that mothers who ate excessive processed foods could pass on harmful chemicals to their fetuses. How was the study conducted? To conduct the study, scientists observed behaviours in pregnant mice and zebrafish. Watch: New evidence suggests size of the Sun could be smaller, says report × Scientists took genetically manipulated animals and observed changes in their offspring by making changes in their nutrition levels. Significance The study suggests that maternal nutrition could have a long-lasting impact on offspring, which might help them evolve according to certain environmental conditions. Also read: Scientists find 12,000-year-old preserved human brains resisting decomposition “In summary, we have demonstrated here that the mTORC1 pathway modulates the embryonic shaping of craniofacial skeletal elements at the stage of chondrogenic condensations, with subsequent fine-tuning during intercalation of chondro-progenitors,” wrote the study authors. “Furthermore, we provide evidence for an impact of maternal protein intake during pregnancy on the shaping of fetal craniofacial cartilage,” they added. (With inputs from agencies)

‘Long nose, sharp jaw line:’ Study finds mother’s diet directly impacts facial features of children in womb

Two years after we became aware of the existence of Sagittarius A*, a giant black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, the Event Horizon Telescope captured it in polarised light for the first time and it gave some fascinating insights.

The image shows neatly ordered swirling polarisation lines around the black hole named Sagittarius A*.

These lines are directly related to the magnetic field around the black hole. This new research is published in the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters in collaboration with Event Horizon Telescope (EHT).

<h2>What does the Sagittarius A* image reveal?</h2>

The polarisation lines are seen when magnets align in a particular direction to create a stronger and more organised magnetic field around the object, in this case, Sagittarius A*.

The magnetic fields are generated by charged particles around the black hole.

“This spiral pattern that we see swirling around the black hole indicates that the magnetic fields must also be a spiral pattern whirling around – and that they're very strong and very ordered,” Dr Sara Issaoun, co-lead of the project was quoted as saying by the&nbsp;BBC.

<h2>Why is this discovery important?</h2>

The speculation of a magnetic field surrounding a black hole is common among scientists.

Then what makes this research so important? The team of researchers noticed that the magnetic fields around Sgr A* are comparable to another much bigger black hole, M87*.

The remarkable similarity between the magnetic fields of black holes Sgr A* and 1000 times larger M87* leads to the speculation that strong magnetic fields could be a fundamental property of all massive black holes regardless of differences in their size.

Dr Sara Issaoun told BBC, “Along with Sgr A* having a strikingly similar polarisation structure to that seen in the much larger and more powerful M87* black hole, we’ve learned that strong and ordered magnetic fields are critical to how black holes interact with the gas and matter around them."

Sagittarius A* weighs as much as four million suns and is 27,000 light-years away from Earth. The first picture of the black hole Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* was released back in 2022.&nbsp;

<h2>How did Event Horizon Telescope capture Sgr A*?</h2>

Event Horizon Telescope used a network of eight telescopes from all around the world since a single telescope wouldn’t have been powerful enough to observe Sgr A*. Data from these eight telescopes, along with timestamps were combined using supercomputers to produce the final images.

Two years after we became aware of the existence of Sagittarius A*, a giant black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, the Event Horizon Telescope captured it in polarised light for the first time and it gave some fascinating insights.

Two years after we became aware of the existence of Sagittarius A*, a giant black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, the Event Horizon Telescope captured it in polarised light for the first time and it gave some fascinating insights. The image shows neatly ordered swirling polarisation lines around the black hole named Sagittarius A*. These lines are directly related to the magnetic field around the black hole. This new research is published in the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters in collaboration with Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). What does the Sagittarius A* image reveal? The polarisation lines are seen when magnets align in a particular direction to create a stronger and more organised magnetic field around the object, in this case, Sagittarius A*. The magnetic fields are generated by charged particles around the black hole. “This spiral pattern that we see swirling around the black hole indicates that the magnetic fields must also be a spiral pattern whirling around – and that they're very strong and very ordered,” Dr Sara Issaoun, co-lead of the project was quoted as saying by the BBC. Why is this discovery important? The speculation of a magnetic field surrounding a black hole is common among scientists. Then what makes this research so important? The team of researchers noticed that the magnetic fields around Sgr A* are comparable to another much bigger black hole, M87*. The remarkable similarity between the magnetic fields of black holes Sgr A* and 1000 times larger M87* leads to the speculation that strong magnetic fields could be a fundamental property of all massive black holes regardless of differences in their size. Dr Sara Issaoun told BBC, “Along with Sgr A* having a strikingly similar polarisation structure to that seen in the much larger and more powerful M87* black hole, we’ve learned that strong and ordered magnetic fields are critical to how black holes interact with the gas and matter around them." Sagittarius A* weighs as much as four million suns and is 27,000 light-years away from Earth. The first picture of the black hole Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* was released back in 2022. How did Event Horizon Telescope capture Sgr A*? Event Horizon Telescope used a network of eight telescopes from all around the world since a single telescope wouldn’t have been powerful enough to observe Sgr A*. Data from these eight telescopes, along with timestamps were combined using supercomputers to produce the final images.

Surprising images of black hole at centre of Milky Way alter our understanding of black holes

Noland Arbaugh, the first person to get a Neuralink brain-computer interface (BCI) implanted, came to know about the Elon Musk-owned company's human trials in chaotic fashion.

The 29-year-old Arbaugh, who became paralysed after a diving accident eight years ago said during an interview with the Wall Street Journal, that he came to know about Neuralink six months ago, thanks to a drunk phone call from a friend.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-likely-to-solve-decades-long-mystery-around-formation-of-brightest-stars-704806">Scientists likely to solve decades-long mystery around formation of ‘brightest stars’</a>

His friend called him up while under the influence to tell him that Neuralink was looking for its first human trial patient. He helped Arbaugh fill out the application, but apparently misspelled his name in the process.

It's an unsurprising anecdote from the Arizona-based young man, who as per Neuralink engineer Bliss Chapman, said his favourite game was Beerio Cart, a clearly alcohol-tinged variant on the party game Mario Kart that Arbaugh was seen playing with his mind in an impressive demo posted last week.

Despite his somewhat energetic behaviour, Arbaugh appears to be a willing and promising test subject for Musk's brain implant project, as Neuralink staff boasted in a videotaped presentation last week.

Another video that Arbaugh posted on his own X account during the nearly hour-long address to Neuralink employees shows the young man breaking a timing record when learning to control a cursor with his BCI.

Chapman claims that this was only on the seventh hour of the man's first day of using his brain chip.

Arbaugh told that the process of becoming Neuralink's first-ever human patient wasn't as intense as one might expect.

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/massive-devil-comet-has-a-hidden-spiral-of-light-surrounding-its-large-icy-core-704768">'Devil comet' throws another surprise as astronomers notice a weird green glow</a>

"Brain surgery was easy," he told the WSJ newspaper. "I was expecting a much longer recovery time, and they kicked me out of the hospital like a day later."

It was challenging, though, to balance the benefits and drawbacks of becoming the face of Neuralink.

"I definitely took time to step back and evaluate all of the downsides that I could be bringing to my family," Arbaugh stated. "Not just the health downsides — things that could have happened during surgery or afterwards — but everything that comes with this, like any notoriety."

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/role-reversal-humans-to-blame-shocking-study-reveals-humans-infect-animals-twice-as-much-704746">We are the infectors: Humans pass on viruses to animals twice than the other way around!</a>

After having tried other experimental assistive technologies, Arbaugh clearly decided it was worth the risks.

"I’ve glimpsed what the possibilities are, and now it’s hard to live any other way," he told the WSJ. "So I would say to the next patient, the next candidate, just to enjoy it as much as possible."

(With inputs from agencies)

Noland Arbaugh, the first person to get a Neuralink brain-computer interface (BCI) implanted, came to know about the Elon Musk-owned company's human trials in chaotic fashion.

Noland Arbaugh, the first person to get a Neuralink brain-computer interface (BCI) implanted, came to know about the Elon Musk-owned company's human trials in chaotic fashion. The 29-year-old Arbaugh, who became paralysed after a diving accident eight years ago said during an interview with the Wall Street Journal, that he came to know about Neuralink six months ago, thanks to a drunk phone call from a friend. Also read: Scientists likely to solve decades-long mystery around formation of ‘brightest stars’ His friend called him up while under the influence to tell him that Neuralink was looking for its first human trial patient. He helped Arbaugh fill out the application, but apparently misspelled his name in the process. It's an unsurprising anecdote from the Arizona-based young man, who as per Neuralink engineer Bliss Chapman, said his favourite game was Beerio Cart, a clearly alcohol-tinged variant on the party game Mario Kart that Arbaugh was seen playing with his mind in an impressive demo posted last week. Despite his somewhat energetic behaviour, Arbaugh appears to be a willing and promising test subject for Musk's brain implant project, as Neuralink staff boasted in a videotaped presentation last week. Another video that Arbaugh posted on his own X account during the nearly hour-long address to Neuralink employees shows the young man breaking a timing record when learning to control a cursor with his BCI. Chapman claims that this was only on the seventh hour of the man's first day of using his brain chip. Arbaugh told that the process of becoming Neuralink's first-ever human patient wasn't as intense as one might expect. Also read: 'Devil comet' throws another surprise as astronomers notice a weird green glow "Brain surgery was easy," he told the WSJ newspaper. "I was expecting a much longer recovery time, and they kicked me out of the hospital like a day later." It was challenging, though, to balance the benefits and drawbacks of becoming the face of Neuralink. "I definitely took time to step back and evaluate all of the downsides that I could be bringing to my family," Arbaugh stated. "Not just the health downsides — things that could have happened during surgery or afterwards — but everything that comes with this, like any notoriety." Also read: We are the infectors: Humans pass on viruses to animals twice than the other way around! After having tried other experimental assistive technologies, Arbaugh clearly decided it was worth the risks. "I’ve glimpsed what the possibilities are, and now it’s hard to live any other way," he told the WSJ. "So I would say to the next patient, the next candidate, just to enjoy it as much as possible." (With inputs from agencies)

First Neuralink patient heard about brain implant through drunken phone call from friend

New images show that the massive "devil comet" that will soon pass by Earth has a hidden spiral of light surrounding its large icy core. The glowing green swirl was detected with the help of photo editing techniques and would have likely gone unnoticed otherwise.

New images show that the massive "devil comet" that will soon pass by Earth has a hidden spiral of light surrounding its large icy core. The glowing green swirl was detected with the help of photo editing techniques and would have likely gone unnoticed otherwise. The comet 12P/Pons-Brooks circles the sun every 71 years in a highly elliptical orbit and is made of ice and rock. It is currently approaching the sun, according to Spaceweather.com. 12P is a comet that, like most others, has a core that contains ice, gas, and dust. This core is surrounded by a frozen shell or nucleus. The nucleus is also enveloped by an icy dust cloud called a coma. This coma slowly leaks out of the comet's interior. However, 12P is a cryovolcanic comet. It frequently erupts when solar radiation causes large fissures to open in its nucleus. When this happens, the comet sprays its highly pressurized icy insides, called cryomagma, into space. As a result, its coma expands significantly, making the comet appear much brighter than usual for a short period. In July of last year, 12P became a topic of interest among astronomers when they observed it erupt for the first time in almost seven decades. Since then, the comet has continued to erupt at a fairly frequent rate. During its initial eruptions, the comet's expanded coma had an irregular shape caused by a notch in the nucleus that blocked cryomagma outflow. This gave the comet the appearance of having demonic horns, which led to its sinister nickname. However, during more recent eruptions, these horns seem to have disappeared. ALSO READ | Human brains getting larger in size, and this may be good news for some As the comet 12P approaches closer to the sun, its coma has become much more visible. This coma has a green hue due to the presence of high levels of dicarbon, which is a molecule consisting of two carbon atoms stuck together. Additionally, a sizable tail made up of dust and ice has also grown, which is blown away from the coma by the solar wind. As a result, astrophotographers are now able to capture much more striking and visually appealing shots of the comet. Astrophotographer Jan Erik Vallestad took some remarkable images of 12P and its long tail on March 9 from Norway. He used specialised software to emphasise the changing intensity of the coma's light and discovered a previously unknown spiral within its coma. The images are highly detailed and provide an excellent view of the comet. The spiral structure is also visible in images taken by Juris Seņņikovs, an astrophotographer based in Latvia. He used the imaging technique used by Vallestad to capture the structure. The spiral shape is likely caused by small geysers on 12P's surface, which are pumping out streams of cryomagma. As the comet spins, these icy jets are being twisted into the swirls that are visible in the new photos. (With inputs from agencies)

'Devil comet' throws another surprise as astronomers notice a weird green glow

Dogs have a good understanding of certain words and they know what these words stand for, a study has revealed, based on recordings of their brain activity.

The study was conducted by Marianna Boros at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary, and her colleagues. The experiment was conducted on 18 dogs of different breeds, including Border collies, toy poodles and Labrador retrievers.

It was revealed that dogs can reach beyond basic commands such as ‘sit’ and ‘fetch’.

<h2>How was the experiment conducted?</h2>

The owners of the dogs selected five familiar objects for each of their pets. During the experiment, they would utter the name of one of these objects and then present either the named object or a different one to the dog.

Using electroencephalography (EEG), the researchers monitored the brainwaves of each dog. They aimed to observe any variances in brain activity when the dog's owner mentioned a specific object, such as a "ball", but displayed a different item, like a stick, as opposed to when both the spoken word and the presented object matched.

“The idea was that if dogs understand the meaning of the words, their brain responses will differ between the presentation of matching and mismatching objects,” said Boros.

<h2>Results of the study</h2>

The results showed that distinct EEG signals were monitored when the objects didn't match with the words. A more pronounced effect on dogs was observed for words that they were more familiar with.

“The most important realisation of this study is not only that non-humans are capable of understanding words referentially, but this capacity seems to be generally present in dogs as well,” added Boros. “This study demonstrates that dogs may understand more than they show.”

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwictYm0wYmFAxV2zTgGHQ75DhkQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-call-to-protect-radio-silence-on-moons-far-side-amid-growing-scientific-interest-in-the-region-703006" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-call-to-protect-radio-silence-on-moons-far-side-amid-growing-scientific-interest-in-the-region-703006&amp;ved=2ahUKEwictYm0wYmFAxV2zTgGHQ75DhkQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE">Astronomers call to protect radio silence on Moon`s far side amid growing scientific interest in the region</a>

These findings mirror similar patterns seen in humans, implying that dogs possess an understanding that certain words correlate with specific objects.

(With inputs from agencies)

Dogs have a good understanding of certain words and they know what these words stand for, a study has revealed, based on recordings of their brain activity. The study was conducted by Marianna Boros at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary, and her colleagues.

Dogs have a good understanding of certain words and they know what these words stand for, a study has revealed, based on recordings of their brain activity. The study was conducted by Marianna Boros at Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary, and her colleagues. The experiment was conducted on 18 dogs of different breeds, including Border collies, toy poodles and Labrador retrievers. It was revealed that dogs can reach beyond basic commands such as ‘sit’ and ‘fetch’. How was the experiment conducted? The owners of the dogs selected five familiar objects for each of their pets. During the experiment, they would utter the name of one of these objects and then present either the named object or a different one to the dog. Using electroencephalography (EEG), the researchers monitored the brainwaves of each dog. They aimed to observe any variances in brain activity when the dog's owner mentioned a specific object, such as a "ball", but displayed a different item, like a stick, as opposed to when both the spoken word and the presented object matched. “The idea was that if dogs understand the meaning of the words, their brain responses will differ between the presentation of matching and mismatching objects,” said Boros. Results of the study The results showed that distinct EEG signals were monitored when the objects didn't match with the words. A more pronounced effect on dogs was observed for words that they were more familiar with. “The most important realisation of this study is not only that non-humans are capable of understanding words referentially, but this capacity seems to be generally present in dogs as well,” added Boros. “This study demonstrates that dogs may understand more than they show.” Also read: Astronomers call to protect radio silence on Moon`s far side amid growing scientific interest in the region These findings mirror similar patterns seen in humans, implying that dogs possess an understanding that certain words correlate with specific objects. (With inputs from agencies)

Dogs understand nouns and know what some words stand for, study reveals

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has honoured an Indian scientist by naming an asteroid after his name. Professor Jayant Murthy has been awarded for his work on the interstellar medium, ultraviolet astronomy, and space missions. Asteroid (215884) Jayantmurthy will always carry the rich legacy of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) scientist, previously named as 2005 EX296.

IAU is an international body entrusted with the job of naming small objects in the solar system. The asteroid (215884) Jayantmurthy was discovered by MW Buie at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona, USA, in 2005. It orbits the Sun between Mars and Jupiter every 3.3 years

<h2>Jayant Murthy’s reaction</h2>

Jayant Murthy expressed his gratitude to the IAU as well as excitement upon hearing the news.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiyjor28ImFAxU9jGMGHTAaAswQxfQBKAB6BAgaEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-call-to-protect-radio-silence-on-moons-far-side-amid-growing-scientific-interest-in-the-region-703006" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/astronomers-call-to-protect-radio-silence-on-moons-far-side-amid-growing-scientific-interest-in-the-region-703006&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiyjor28ImFAxU9jGMGHTAaAswQxfQBKAB6BAgaEAE">Astronomers call to protect radio silence on Moon`s far side amid growing scientific interest in the region</a>

“I am thrilled to have an asteroid named after me, in connection with my work on the New Horizons team, led by Dr. Alan Stern," Professor Murthy said.

<h2>About Professor Murthy</h2>

Professor Murthy concluded his tenure at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in 2021 and has since been serving as an Honorary Professor. He previously assumed the role of acting director at the institute from July 2018 to October 2019.

Watch:&nbsp;China's first hydrogen-powered urban train completes testing

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His scholarly achievements have significantly enhanced our understanding of the universe, particularly through his involvement with NASA's New Horizons Science Team. The team's endeavours to observe ultraviolet background radiation have played a crucial role in broadening our understanding of cosmic phenomena.

Professor Murthy's invaluable contributions to the New Horizons mission included the study of ultraviolet background radiation in the outer reaches of the Solar System, where the influence of the Sun and interplanetary medium is minimal.

Launched by NASA, New Horizons captured global attention with its historic flyby of Pluto in 2015, delivering unparalleled insights and data about the dwarf planet and its satellites.

Annapurni Subramaniam, director, IIA, termed the asteroid naming “a very rare honour”. Murthy joins the ranks of previous IIA directors MK Vainu Bappu and JC Bhattacharyya, who also have asteroids named after them.

(With inputs from agencies)

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has honoured an Indian scientist by naming an asteroid after his name. Professor Jayant Murthy has been awarded for his work on the interstellar medium, ultraviolet astronomy, and space missions.

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has honoured an Indian scientist by naming an asteroid after his name. Professor Jayant Murthy has been awarded for his work on the interstellar medium, ultraviolet astronomy, and space missions. Asteroid (215884) Jayantmurthy will always carry the rich legacy of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) scientist, previously named as 2005 EX296. IAU is an international body entrusted with the job of naming small objects in the solar system. The asteroid (215884) Jayantmurthy was discovered by MW Buie at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona, USA, in 2005. It orbits the Sun between Mars and Jupiter every 3.3 years Jayant Murthy’s reaction Jayant Murthy expressed his gratitude to the IAU as well as excitement upon hearing the news. Also read: Astronomers call to protect radio silence on Moon`s far side amid growing scientific interest in the region “I am thrilled to have an asteroid named after me, in connection with my work on the New Horizons team, led by Dr. Alan Stern," Professor Murthy said. About Professor Murthy Professor Murthy concluded his tenure at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in 2021 and has since been serving as an Honorary Professor. He previously assumed the role of acting director at the institute from July 2018 to October 2019. Watch: China's first hydrogen-powered urban train completes testing × His scholarly achievements have significantly enhanced our understanding of the universe, particularly through his involvement with NASA's New Horizons Science Team. The team's endeavours to observe ultraviolet background radiation have played a crucial role in broadening our understanding of cosmic phenomena. Professor Murthy's invaluable contributions to the New Horizons mission included the study of ultraviolet background radiation in the outer reaches of the Solar System, where the influence of the Sun and interplanetary medium is minimal. Launched by NASA, New Horizons captured global attention with its historic flyby of Pluto in 2015, delivering unparalleled insights and data about the dwarf planet and its satellites. Annapurni Subramaniam, director, IIA, termed the asteroid naming “a very rare honour”. Murthy joins the ranks of previous IIA directors MK Vainu Bappu and JC Bhattacharyya, who also have asteroids named after them. (With inputs from agencies)

International body names asteroid after Indian scientist Professor Jayant Murthy in ‘rare honour’

About 74,000 years back, supervolcano Mount Toba in Sumatra erupted, belching out one of the mightiest volcanic eruptions in Earth's history. This explosion potentially shook up the climate worldwide.

About 74,000 years back, supervolcano Mount Toba in Sumatra erupted, belching out one of the mightiest volcanic eruptions in Earth's history. This explosion potentially shook up the climate worldwide. The eruption, according to some scientists was big enough to wipe out most early humans. Contrary to fears of widespread extinction, a recent study suggests early humans might have weathered the storm. An archaeological dig in northwest Ethiopia revealed surprising insights. According to the new research published in the scientific journal Nature, humans were present in that location dubbed as Shinfa-Metema 1. Researchers recovered microscopic fragments of volcanic glass, animal remains, and human-made tools from the site. John Kappelman, lead author of the study, told CNN, “These fragments are less than the diameter of a human hair. Even as tiny as (that) they are still big enough to analyze the chemistry and the trace elements.” How did humans survive the Mount Toba eruptions? Adapting to adversity: At the Shinfa-Metema 1 site, humans showed remarkable resilience, continuing life despite the eruption's aftermath. They adapted to the drier conditions by altering their diets and exploiting local resources. Clever diet shift: Instead of relying solely on land animals for food, humans turned to fish. As the landscape changed, shallow waterholes formed, making fish easier to catch. This flexibility in diet proved crucial for survival. Migration insights: The study challenges traditional theories of human migration out of Africa. Instead of waiting for hospitable "green corridors," humans might have followed "blue highways," navigating seasonal rivers to new territories. Advanced technology: Excavations uncovered evidence of advanced tools, including stone points believed to be arrowheads. This suggests early humans were adept hunters, capable of innovation even in challenging environments. Debates and discoveries related to the Toba eruption While the study offers compelling evidence, experts continue to debate the exact impact of the Toba eruption. Nonetheless, it sheds light on the resourcefulness of early human populations in the face of adversity. Implications for understanding human history By understanding how our ancestors survived cataclysmic events, we gain valuable insights into the evolution and migration of our species, Homo sapiens.

A volcano eruption 74,000 years ago could have wiped out humans, here’s how some survived

Modern humanity's ancestors were on the brink of extinction some 900,000 years ago, reduced to a breeding population of barely 1,300 individuals due to climate change.

Modern humanity's ancestors were on the brink of extinction some 900,000 years ago, reduced to a breeding population of barely 1,300 individuals due to climate change. According to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the population decline and mass migration of humans out of Africa have a connection to a common denominator, the Mid-Pleistocene Transition. Earth's climate change underwent a drastic turmoil, wiping out several species during this time. It's hard to reconstruct the movement of early humans into and across Europe and Asia from Africa. The shreds of evidence (bones and stone artefacts) suggest that it wasn't one event but multiple waves. Two recent studies have found that human migration caused a population bottleneck through different types of analysis. While one studied early archaeological sites in Eurasia and dated the bottleneck to 1.1 million years ago, the other was a close analysis of the human genome that found a population bottleneck that caused a loss of genetic diversity some 900,000 years ago. Geologists Giovanni Muttoni of the University of Milan and Dennis Kent of Columbia University tried to narrow down the bottleneck's timing. They re-evaluated records of sites of early hominid habitation across Eurasia. They discovered a group of sites reliably dated to 900,000 years ago. ALSO READ | Scientists harness food by-products to fight antimicrobial resistance According to the genomic data and the dating of the hominid sites, the population bottleneck and the migration were concurrent. Global ocean levels dropped during the mid-Pleistocene transition, causing Africa and Asia to dry out. However, the falling sea levels opened up land routes in Eurasia. According to the researchers' model, the hominids would've skedaddled. The researchers carefully note that hominids had migrated previously. But around 900,000 years ago, there was a population bottleneck in the ancestor of modern Homo sapiens due to a climate upheaval that was occurring at the same time as their migration. "We suggest that the enhanced aridity during marine isotope stage 22 that caused the spread of savanna and arid zones across much of continental Africa pushed early Homo populations in Africa to adapt or migrate to avoid extinction," they write in their paper. "Rapid migration in response to a severe climate trigger and concomitant means to escape is what can account for the … migration out-of-Africa at 0.9 million years ago and contribute to the modern genomic evidence in modern African populations of the bottleneck," they added. (With inputs from agencies)

Climate change reduced ancient humans to mere 1,300 people some 900,000 years ago

A new study has revealed that writing by hand&nbsp;using pen, and not typing, boosts learning and memory in individuals. The scientists reached the conclusion by comparing two sets of people, one who typed on a keyboard and the other who wrote by hand.

Writing with hands was found to form patterns of electrical activity, which has been linked with forming memories.

The new study adds to previous research which showed that writing by hand improves spelling and the ability to remember. “There is a fundamental difference in brain organisation for handwriting, as opposed to typing,” says Ramesh Balasubramaniam, a neuroscientist who works at the University of California.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwioxbiPkPuEAxUlSmwGHRviBU4QxfQBKAB6BAgSEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/major-breakthrough-giant-volcano-found-on-mars-with-glacier-ice-beneath-it-what-could-it-mean-for-humans-699969" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/major-breakthrough-giant-volcano-found-on-mars-with-glacier-ice-beneath-it-what-could-it-mean-for-humans-699969&amp;ved=2ahUKEwioxbiPkPuEAxUlSmwGHRviBU4QxfQBKAB6BAgSEAE">Major breakthrough! Giant volcano found on Mars with glacier ice beneath it. What could it mean for humans?</a>

Audrey van der Meer and Ruud van der Weel, psychologists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, conducted a study involving college students. The participants were tasked with either typing or handwriting a word shown on a computer screen using a digital pen while wearing caps fitted with sensors to measure brain activity.

Analysing the electrical brain activity, the researchers focused on the frequency of brainwaves, indicative of synchronised activity across different brain regions. They found that handwriting triggered increased activity not only in areas associated with movement but also in regions linked to learning and memory, suggesting unique cognitive processes at play.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwioxbiPkPuEAxUlSmwGHRviBU4QxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-tracking-path-of-meteor-misled-by-noise-caused-by-truck-699208" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-tracking-path-of-meteor-misled-by-noise-caused-by-truck-699208&amp;ved=2ahUKEwioxbiPkPuEAxUlSmwGHRviBU4QxfQBKAB6BAgIEAE">Scientists tracking path of meteor misled by noise caused by 'truck'</a>

Unlike typing, writing strengthens connections between the brain's outer and central parts, particularly enhancing coordination between movement-related areas and those involved in memory function.

These findings, published on January 26 in Frontiers in Psychology, highlight distinct neural mechanisms engaged during writing compared to typing.

Even when the movements are very similar, the brain’s activity seems “much, much higher” in writing, Balasubramaniam said, adding, “It shows that there’s more involvement of these brain regions when you’re handwriting.” 
 
(With inputs from agencies)

A new study has revealed that writing by hand using pen, and not typing, boosts learning and memory in individuals. The scientists reached the conclusion by comparing two sets of people, one who typed on a keyboard and the other who wrote by hand.

A new study has revealed that writing by hand using pen, and not typing, boosts learning and memory in individuals. The scientists reached the conclusion by comparing two sets of people, one who typed on a keyboard and the other who wrote by hand. Writing with hands was found to form patterns of electrical activity, which has been linked with forming memories. The new study adds to previous research which showed that writing by hand improves spelling and the ability to remember. “There is a fundamental difference in brain organisation for handwriting, as opposed to typing,” says Ramesh Balasubramaniam, a neuroscientist who works at the University of California. Also read: Major breakthrough! Giant volcano found on Mars with glacier ice beneath it. What could it mean for humans? Audrey van der Meer and Ruud van der Weel, psychologists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, conducted a study involving college students. The participants were tasked with either typing or handwriting a word shown on a computer screen using a digital pen while wearing caps fitted with sensors to measure brain activity. Analysing the electrical brain activity, the researchers focused on the frequency of brainwaves, indicative of synchronised activity across different brain regions. They found that handwriting triggered increased activity not only in areas associated with movement but also in regions linked to learning and memory, suggesting unique cognitive processes at play. Also read: Scientists tracking path of meteor misled by noise caused by 'truck' Unlike typing, writing strengthens connections between the brain's outer and central parts, particularly enhancing coordination between movement-related areas and those involved in memory function. These findings, published on January 26 in Frontiers in Psychology, highlight distinct neural mechanisms engaged during writing compared to typing. Even when the movements are very similar, the brain’s activity seems “much, much higher” in writing, Balasubramaniam said, adding, “It shows that there’s more involvement of these brain regions when you’re handwriting.” (With inputs from agencies)

Writing by hand, not typing, linked to better learning and memory: Study

A mysterious bacterial infection is spreading in Japan at a pace never seen before even as authorities struggle to establish a cause. According to the data from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), the number of cases of a group A streptococcal disease – streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) – in 2024 is expected to surpass the record level earlier noted in 2023. While a total of 941 cases were recorded in the last year, a whopping 378 cases have already been registered in the first two months of 2024.

“There are still many unknown factors regarding the mechanisms behind fulminant (severe and sudden) forms of streptococcus, and we are not at the stage where we can explain them,” said NIID in a statement.

Of Japan’s 47 prefectures, 45 have recorded STSS cases so far this year.

<h2>What causes STSS?</h2>

The primary cause of STSS is a bacterium known as Streptococcus pyogenes, often referred to as strep A. This bacterium commonly causes sore throats, particularly in children, with many individuals unknowingly carrying it without showing symptoms.

Watch:&nbsp;Japan: Advancing tech landscape with women in science &amp; technology | WION Newspoint

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However, the highly contagious nature of the bacteria can lead to severe illnesses, complications in health, and even fatalities, especially among adults over 30, with approximately 30 per cent of STSS cases proving fatal.

<h2>Even adults fall prey to the disease</h2>

While older individuals are traditionally deemed more vulnerable, recent data from the NIID reveals a concerning trend of increased mortality among patients under 50 due to the Group A strain.

According to a report by the Asahi Shimbun newspaper, of the 65 individuals under 50 diagnosed with STSS between July and December in 2023, approximately one-third, or 21 individuals, succumbed to the infection.

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Professor Ken Kikuchi, specialising in infectious diseases at Tokyo Women’s Medical University, expressed significant concerns over the sharp rise in severe invasive streptococcal infections this year.

“People’s immunological status after recovering from Covid-19 might alter their susceptibility to some microorganisms. We need to clarify the infection cycle of severe invasive streptococcal pyogenes diseases and get them under control immediately,” he was quoted as saying by the Guardian.

(With inputs from agencies)

A mysterious bacterial infection is spreading in Japan at a pace never seen before even as authorities struggle to establish a cause. According to the data from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), the number of cases of a group A streptococcal disease – streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) – in 2024 is expected to surpass the record level earlier noted in 2023.

A mysterious bacterial infection is spreading in Japan at a pace never seen before even as authorities struggle to establish a cause. According to the data from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), the number of cases of a group A streptococcal disease – streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) – in 2024 is expected to surpass the record level earlier noted in 2023. While a total of 941 cases were recorded in the last year, a whopping 378 cases have already been registered in the first two months of 2024. “There are still many unknown factors regarding the mechanisms behind fulminant (severe and sudden) forms of streptococcus, and we are not at the stage where we can explain them,” said NIID in a statement. Of Japan’s 47 prefectures, 45 have recorded STSS cases so far this year. What causes STSS? The primary cause of STSS is a bacterium known as Streptococcus pyogenes, often referred to as strep A. This bacterium commonly causes sore throats, particularly in children, with many individuals unknowingly carrying it without showing symptoms. Watch: Japan: Advancing tech landscape with women in science & technology | WION Newspoint × However, the highly contagious nature of the bacteria can lead to severe illnesses, complications in health, and even fatalities, especially among adults over 30, with approximately 30 per cent of STSS cases proving fatal. Even adults fall prey to the disease While older individuals are traditionally deemed more vulnerable, recent data from the NIID reveals a concerning trend of increased mortality among patients under 50 due to the Group A strain. According to a report by the Asahi Shimbun newspaper, of the 65 individuals under 50 diagnosed with STSS between July and December in 2023, approximately one-third, or 21 individuals, succumbed to the infection. Also read: Japan`s economy evades recession, but concerns persist over weak recovery Professor Ken Kikuchi, specialising in infectious diseases at Tokyo Women’s Medical University, expressed significant concerns over the sharp rise in severe invasive streptococcal infections this year. “People’s immunological status after recovering from Covid-19 might alter their susceptibility to some microorganisms. We need to clarify the infection cycle of severe invasive streptococcal pyogenes diseases and get them under control immediately,” he was quoted as saying by the Guardian. (With inputs from agencies)

Mysterious, deadly bacteria spreading in Japan at record pace baffles authorities

A sweet spot in animals like cheetahs, who can run fast, explains how they can reach such high speeds, a study revealed. According to a study published in the journal Nature Communications, animals that can run fast tend to be medium in size.

A sweet spot in animals like cheetahs, who can run fast, explains how they can reach such high speeds, a study revealed. According to a study published in the journal Nature Communications, animals that can run fast tend to be medium in size. Lead author Dr David Labonte of the Imperial College London's Department of Bioengineering said, "The fastest animals are neither large elephants nor tiny ants, but intermediately sized, like cheetahs. Why does running speed break with the regular patterns that govern most other aspects of animal anatomy and performance?" The international research team developed a model to demonstrate how animal muscles move when on land and then assessed the constraints in how fast they can run. The study suggested there are two limits to how fast animals can run. They are how fast and by how far their muscles can contract. Moreover, what limit they meet first determines their maximum running speed. An animal's overall size determines this limit. ALSO READ | Major breakthrough! Giant volcano found on Mars with glacier ice beneath it. What could it mean for humans? The first limit is the "kinetic energy capacity limit," which determines how smaller animals have muscles that are restrained by how quickly they contract. The second is "work capacity limit," which means how larger animals are restrained by how far their muscles contract. Co-author Professor Christofer Clemente, from the University of the Sunshine Coast and the University of Queensland, said, "Animals about the size of a cheetah exist in a physical sweet spot at around 50kg, where these two limits coincide. These animals are consequently the fastest, reaching speeds of up to 65 miles per hour." Their model answers how some animals can run faster than others. It also determines how the muscles evolved in some animals. Moreover, it provides insight into why there are huge distinctions between certain animal groups. For instance, it explains why large reptiles like crocodiles are slower than large mammals. Co-author Taylor Dick of the University of Queensland said, "Limb muscles are a smaller percentage of a reptile's body, It means that have to hit the work limit at a smaller body weight and thus have to remain small to move quickly." "For large animals like rhinos or elephants, running might feel like lifting an enormous weight, because their muscles are relatively weaker and gravity demands a larger cost. As a result of both, animals eventually have to slow down as they get bigger," co-author Dr Peter Bishop, from Harvard University, said. (With inputs from agencies)

Why do cheetahs run so fast? Scientists reveal reason behind the animal's speed

Despite the typical narrative that male mammals are larger than females, a few mammalian species display a contrasting pattern. According to a study published in Nature Communications, females in some mammals are heavier than males.

Despite the typical narrative that male mammals are larger than females, a few mammalian species display a contrasting pattern. According to a study published in Nature Communications, females in some mammals are heavier than males. In an analysis of over 400 mammalian species, 16 per cent of species females were the heavier gender. The study showed that males outweighed females in 45 per cent of the mammals, exhibiting a condition known as sexual dimorphism, where both sexes show different morphological characteristics. In nearly 39 per cent of the mammals, both sexes had the same mass. Kaia Tombak, a postdoctoral researcher at Purdue University and the author of the new study, told the New York Times, "What we found is that there is no norm." In three categories of mammals, carnivores, primates, and even-toed hoofed animals, usually males are larger than females. These species have often been the focus of research. In 87 per cent of carnivores, 79 per cent of even-toed hoofed animals, and 62 per cent of primates, the male was bigger than the females. Rodents and bats account for over half of the mammals on Earth, and 48 per cent of rodent species analysed during the species were the same in size. Moreover, males were larger in 44 per cent of rodent species. However, females were heavier in 46 per cent of the bat species. According to Dr Tombak, there are several factors females might benefit from being the bigger gender. For instance, in bats, flying requires an enormous amount of energy. Large female bats might be better equipped to carry their developing foetuses and young offspring through the air. The "big mother" hypothesis by biologist Katherine Ralls from the 1970s suggests that larger females produce better offspring. They are likely to survive and provide better care and nourishment. If this hypothesis favours the selection of larger females and sexual competition favours the selection of larger males, the result sizes of both genders of a species might be the same. Dr Tombak said, "You have these two forces that are kind of pushing body size up on both sides." However, these findings are based on only five per cent of all mammalian species. The researchers said that they are far from the topic. However, the study demonstrated how animals vary from each other. Robert Cox, an evolutionary biologist who was not involved in the study said, "It's nice to be reminded that some of the things that we say as generalisations break down when you consider the specific details." (With inputs from agencies)

Larger daughters, not sons, rule size-chart in some species of mammals

Scientists tracking the path of a meteor that fell on Earth 10 years ago were apparently misled by the noise caused by a passing truck rumbling down a nearby road. Scientists went to the purported location of impact last year in hopes of finding and analysing debris from the meteor, called CNEOS 2014-01-08, to check whether it contained evidence of alien technology.

"The signal changed directions over time, exactly matching a road that runs past the seismometer," planetary seismologist Benjamin Fernando of Johns Hopkins University was quoted as saying by Science Alert.

"It's really difficult to take a signal and confirm it is not from something. But what we can do is show that there are lots of signals like this, and show they have all the characteristics we'd expect from a truck and none of the characteristics we'd expect from a meteor."

Today, scientists have good systems to track where the meteors enter the atmosphere and how strongly they explode upon entering the atmosphere.

One way to track big meteors is by using seismic data. This data comes from vibrations caused by the sound waves made when the rock enters the atmosphere and when pieces of the exploded rock land on the ground.

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In January 2014, the meteor CNEOS 2014-01-08 was seen entering Earth's atmosphere by US government satellites. The sensors recorded it moving unusually fast, hinting that it might have come from outside our solar system. Scientists from Harvard University, Avi Loeb and Amir Siraj, wanted to find any pieces of the meteor to study.

They looked at data from a seismic station on Manus Island and figured&nbsp;that the fast rock fell into an area near Papua New Guinea.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwj4n7Xt_u2EAxXN1jgGHV85CCYQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-oldest-dead-galaxy-ever-found-in-our-universe-697623" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-oldest-dead-galaxy-ever-found-in-our-universe-697623&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj4n7Xt_u2EAxXN1jgGHV85CCYQxfQBKAB6BAgHEAE">Scientists discover oldest `dead` galaxy ever found in our universe</a>

However, another team led by Fernando noticed something odd about the seismic data. The measurements they used to track the path of the body were much more accurate than usual, especially since they only used data from one station. This made them suspicious.

After closely analysing the sound waves from other monitoring stations near Papua New Guinea, they traced the signals to the nearby road.

However, scientists say it is not uncommon for signals interpreted one way to turn out to be something else.

(With inputs from agencies)

Scientists tracking the path of a meteor that fell on Earth 10 years ago were apparently misled by the noise caused by a passing truck rumbling down a nearby road.

Scientists tracking the path of a meteor that fell on Earth 10 years ago were apparently misled by the noise caused by a passing truck rumbling down a nearby road. Scientists went to the purported location of impact last year in hopes of finding and analysing debris from the meteor, called CNEOS 2014-01-08, to check whether it contained evidence of alien technology. "The signal changed directions over time, exactly matching a road that runs past the seismometer," planetary seismologist Benjamin Fernando of Johns Hopkins University was quoted as saying by Science Alert. "It's really difficult to take a signal and confirm it is not from something. But what we can do is show that there are lots of signals like this, and show they have all the characteristics we'd expect from a truck and none of the characteristics we'd expect from a meteor." Today, scientists have good systems to track where the meteors enter the atmosphere and how strongly they explode upon entering the atmosphere. One way to track big meteors is by using seismic data. This data comes from vibrations caused by the sound waves made when the rock enters the atmosphere and when pieces of the exploded rock land on the ground. Also read: NASA astronauts vote from space in US primary elections In January 2014, the meteor CNEOS 2014-01-08 was seen entering Earth's atmosphere by US government satellites. The sensors recorded it moving unusually fast, hinting that it might have come from outside our solar system. Scientists from Harvard University, Avi Loeb and Amir Siraj, wanted to find any pieces of the meteor to study. They looked at data from a seismic station on Manus Island and figured that the fast rock fell into an area near Papua New Guinea. Also read: Scientists discover oldest `dead` galaxy ever found in our universe However, another team led by Fernando noticed something odd about the seismic data. The measurements they used to track the path of the body were much more accurate than usual, especially since they only used data from one station. This made them suspicious. After closely analysing the sound waves from other monitoring stations near Papua New Guinea, they traced the signals to the nearby road. However, scientists say it is not uncommon for signals interpreted one way to turn out to be something else. (With inputs from agencies)

Scientists tracking path of meteor misled by noise caused by ‘truck’

Face-drenching licks by dogs feel delightful to dog owners. While some push their pooches away, others positively indulge in their pet's affection. It's a heartwarming scene but not the healthiest thing for the dog owner.

Face-drenching licks by dogs feel delightful to dog owners. While some push their pooches away, others positively indulge in their pet's affection. It's a heartwarming scene but not the healthiest thing for the dog owner. In an article published in The Conversation, Jacqueline Boyd, a senior lecturer in Animal Science at Nottingham Trent University, describes how a dog's way of showing affection by licking can do more harm than good. Licking is a crucial action for dogs. When a dog licks its mouth repeatedly, it could be a slight sign of stress or fear. They also use lip-licking as a behavioural response to their owner's emotional state. They lick their lips more frequently when they see angry faces. Almost all canine owners report being licked on their face by their dog. However, for people who are immunocompromised, have open wounds, or have a dog that has a track record of eating faeces, it's best to avoid face licks. According to Boyd, a dog's mouth has several microorganisms that are low risk for humans. However, there are rare cases when certain infections can pass from dogs to humans by bites, licks or scratches. For instance, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, a bacteria found in the mouths of up to 75 per cent of otherwise healthy dogs and cats, can cause life-threatening sepsis. Other microbes like Pasteurella multocida can also spread by contact with dog saliva, resulting in meningitis. Antibiotic resistance has become a concerning global health challenge. Canine saliva can also be a potential source of bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes. ALSO READ | Scientists develop recyclable ‘water batteries’ that never explode A German study of 2,800 hospital patients and their companion animals in 2023 proved "that the sharing of multidrug-resistant organisms between companion animals and their owners is possible." However, the study identified only a handful of cases. Thus, the researchers concluded that "cat or dog ownership isn't a significant risk factor for multidrug-resistant organism colonisation in hospital patients." In the past, animal saliva has been used for wound healing, with some dogs specially trained to lick open wounds. However, there's no strong evidence which shows that allowing animals, especially dogs, to lick wounds will help them heal. Having a dog can have healing effects on your mental health. However, allowing animals to lick open wounds can put the owner at an increased risk of infection. (With inputs from agencies)

Pet owners beware! Allowing your dog to lick your face can be unhealthy and even fatal

A new study has revealed that even brief periods of deep meditation, as short as five minutes, can induce a stronger ability to learn among individuals, while also making them more open to experiencing new things and making informed decisions.

Scientists were previously able to establish a strong link between mindfulness meditation and improvement in cognitive flexibility, emotional regulation, and stress management. However, they wanted to understand whether or not a brief period of mindfulness meditation can produce desired results.

“Our interest in this topic was driven by the recognition of mindfulness meditation’s remarkably potent influence on human cognition and its capacity to modify deeply rooted social biases,” explained study author Marius Golubickis, a lecturer at the University of Aberdeen and head of the Aberdeen Computational Social Cognition Lab.

“The revelation that even brief, 5-minute meditation sessions can exert substantial impacts highlights the practicality and accessibility of these practices for people leading busy lives. This exploration into the simplicity and efficiency of mindfulness meditation opens fascinating avenues for enhancing learning and personal development, highlighting its vital role in our cognitive toolkit,” Golubickis was quoted as saying by Psypost.

<h2>Methodology</h2>

The researchers gathered a group of 60 people who had little or no experience with meditation. These participants came from various educational backgrounds, ranging from high school to PhD degrees. They were randomly split into two groups with&nbsp;one practicing mindfulness meditation.

The mindfulness group followed a 5-minute guided meditation focusing on mindful breathing, aimed at increasing awareness of the present moment without judgment. They were guided to pay attention to their breath and gently bring their focus back when distracted. Meanwhile, the other group worked on a neutral task involving Chinese puzzles (Tangram).

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After these activities, everyone took part in the main task: a Probabilistic Selection Task. This simulated decision-making in uncertain situations, where participants had to pick between pairs of symbols based on feedback about their accuracy.

<h2>Results</h2>

Golubickis and the team discovered that those who practised mindfulness meditation showed an improved ability to learn from positive feedback during uncertain decision-making compared to the other group.

Also read:&nbsp;<a data-ved="2ahUKEwj7jvvc7-uEAxUkzjgGHXUJDz0QxfQBKAB6BAgREAE" href="https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-oldest-dead-galaxy-ever-found-in-our-universe-697623" jsname="YKoRaf" ping="/url?sa=t&amp;source=web&amp;rct=j&amp;opi=89978449&amp;url=https://www.wionews.com/science/scientists-discover-oldest-dead-galaxy-ever-found-in-our-universe-697623&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj7jvvc7-uEAxUkzjgGHXUJDz0QxfQBKAB6BAgREAE">Scientists discover oldest `dead` galaxy ever found in our universe</a>

This suggests that mindfulness meditation can help individuals better process and use new information, improving their decision-making in uncertain situations.

(With inputs from agencies)

A new study has revealed that even brief periods of deep meditation, as short as five minutes, can induce a stronger ability to learn among individuals, while also making them more open to experiencing new things and making informed decisions.

A new study has revealed that even brief periods of deep meditation, as short as five minutes, can induce a stronger ability to learn among individuals, while also making them more open to experiencing new things and making informed decisions. Scientists were previously able to establish a strong link between mindfulness meditation and improvement in cognitive flexibility, emotional regulation, and stress management. However, they wanted to understand whether or not a brief period of mindfulness meditation can produce desired results. “Our interest in this topic was driven by the recognition of mindfulness meditation’s remarkably potent influence on human cognition and its capacity to modify deeply rooted social biases,” explained study author Marius Golubickis, a lecturer at the University of Aberdeen and head of the Aberdeen Computational Social Cognition Lab. “The revelation that even brief, 5-minute meditation sessions can exert substantial impacts highlights the practicality and accessibility of these practices for people leading busy lives. This exploration into the simplicity and efficiency of mindfulness meditation opens fascinating avenues for enhancing learning and personal development, highlighting its vital role in our cognitive toolkit,” Golubickis was quoted as saying by Psypost. Methodology The researchers gathered a group of 60 people who had little or no experience with meditation. These participants came from various educational backgrounds, ranging from high school to PhD degrees. They were randomly split into two groups with one practicing mindfulness meditation. The mindfulness group followed a 5-minute guided meditation focusing on mindful breathing, aimed at increasing awareness of the present moment without judgment. They were guided to pay attention to their breath and gently bring their focus back when distracted. Meanwhile, the other group worked on a neutral task involving Chinese puzzles (Tangram). Also read: Scientists develop recyclable 'water batteries' that never explode After these activities, everyone took part in the main task: a Probabilistic Selection Task. This simulated decision-making in uncertain situations, where participants had to pick between pairs of symbols based on feedback about their accuracy. Results Golubickis and the team discovered that those who practised mindfulness meditation showed an improved ability to learn from positive feedback during uncertain decision-making compared to the other group. Also read: Scientists discover oldest `dead` galaxy ever found in our universe This suggests that mindfulness meditation can help individuals better process and use new information, improving their decision-making in uncertain situations. (With inputs from agencies)

Even five minutes of meditation can improve cognitive skills, learning ability: Study

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