<p>There have been several Gen Z protests across the world in 2025, but the most prominent one in South Asia happened in Nepal. In a year marked by political upheaval, &nbsp;the Himalayan nation’s Gen Z protests were not only about the incumbent government, but also a reflection of youth frustration with established parties and leaders. “Nepo kids” and other members of the same generation were at odds in a country rife with corruption and governance failures. Here is a roundup of how Nepal changed in 2025.</p><h2>Gen Z protests: Youth say enough is enough</h2><p>Weeks of often violent protests led to the collapse of the Oli government of the CPN-UML. An interim administration took its place and preparations are on for a fresh election in which new parties and youth are expected to play a key role.</p><p>The seeds of this change were sown in the early months of 2025, with Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli facing criticism over corruption scandals and Nepal’s economic woes. There were long-standing frustrations over governance failures, economic stagnation, unemployment, and scandals like the Pokhara airport contract.</p><p>In spite of some policy moves aimed at addressing corruption, economic growth and infrastructure, no tangible changes were seen for months.&nbsp;</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/-infiltration-took-place-kp-oli-alleges-conspiracy-behind-nepal-protests-questions-automatic-weapons-used-1758279122146">‘Infiltration took place’: KP Oli alleges conspiracy behind Nepal protests, questions automatic weapons used</a></p><h2>Social media ban triggers Gen Z protest</h2><p>Gen Z, which used social media to share its anger, was triggered when the government banned 26 apps, including Facebook and Instagram on 4 September 2025. This was seen as a move to curb free speech and dissent and to silence criticism of nepotism and privileges enjoyed by the political, bureaucratic and military elite.</p><p>Particularly on September 8–9, mass demonstrations, pitched street battles and even gun violence were reported. Several government buildings were either vandalised or set on fire, including Parliament, the Supreme Court and the Prime Minister’s Office. Protesters clashed with security forces, leading to at least 51 deaths according to some reports, including protesters and police. The army was briefly deployed amid the widespread destruction.</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nepal-s-kp-sharma-oli-seeks-third-term-amid-youth-support-surge-1765980237066/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nepal-s-kp-sharma-oli-seeks-third-term-amid-youth-support-surge-1765980237066/embed</a></p><h2>A change of guard: Nepal gets first woman prime minister</h2><p>On September 9, Prime Minister Oli resigned along with several ministers, and former chief justice Sushila Karki took over as the first female prime minister of Nepal to lead an interim government.&nbsp;</p><p>Her selection was unique: it involved an online youth vote through the Discord platform, as well as discussions with the army, protesters and President Ramchandra Paudel.</p><p>The social media ban was subsequently lifted. &nbsp;Nepal’s Parliament was dissolved, and elections are scheduled for 5 March 2026.</p><p>The interim government is investigating corruption even as it restores order and prepares for the elections. However, there is already criticism, as traditional parties like the Nepali Congress and the CPN-UML are terming the processes unconstitutional.</p><p>Also read: <a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/yearender-2025-from-nepal-to-madagascar-how-gen-z-took-to-streets-to-protest-against-governments-1765784385043">Fire, tear-gas, graffiti and more: From Nepal to Madagascar, how Gen Z protests shook governments | YEARENDER 2025</a></p><h2>Traditional parties are not leaving ground</h2><p>The Nepali government estimated that the GenZ protests caused losses of nearly 586 million US dollars. Traditional parties are slowly recovering after the shock of the protests. The CPN-UML held its 11th general convention in December, and was addressed by Oli who is seeking re-election despite internal challenges. Meanwhile, several leftist parties merged into the Nepali Communist Party in November, led by former Maoist leader-turned prime minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda) and Madhav Kumar Nepal. They are setting aside differences in order to consolidate votes and emerge victorious in the 2026 general elections.</p><p>In spite of the optimism, it remains to be seen if the unprecedented youth activism will bring about long-lasting change in Nepal.&nbsp;</p><p>Will next year’s elections bring back the old political guard or herald a new generation of leadership?</p>

The main event of Nepal in 2025 was the Gen Z protests, but it has been in the making for months before erupting in September. The protest, triggered by a social media ban led to PM Oli’s resignation. Here is a recap of the key events in Nepal's pivotal year

There have been several Gen Z protests across the world in 2025, but the most prominent one in South Asia happened in Nepal. In a year marked by political upheaval, the Himalayan nation’s Gen Z protests were not only about the incumbent government, but also a reflection of youth frustration with established parties and leaders. “Nepo kids” and other members of the same generation were at odds in a country rife with corruption and governance failures. Here is a roundup of how Nepal changed in 2025. Gen Z protests: Youth say enough is enough Weeks of often violent protests led to the collapse of the Oli government of the CPN-UML. An interim administration took its place and preparations are on for a fresh election in which new parties and youth are expected to play a key role. The seeds of this change were sown in the early months of 2025, with Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli facing criticism over corruption scandals and Nepal’s economic woes. There were long-standing frustrations over governance failures, economic stagnation, unemployment, and scandals like the Pokhara airport contract. In spite of some policy moves aimed at addressing corruption, economic growth and infrastructure, no tangible changes were seen for months. Also read: ‘Infiltration took place’: KP Oli alleges conspiracy behind Nepal protests, questions automatic weapons used Social media ban triggers Gen Z protest Gen Z, which used social media to share its anger, was triggered when the government banned 26 apps, including Facebook and Instagram on 4 September 2025. This was seen as a move to curb free speech and dissent and to silence criticism of nepotism and privileges enjoyed by the political, bureaucratic and military elite. Particularly on September 8–9, mass demonstrations, pitched street battles and even gun violence were reported. Several government buildings were either vandalised or set on fire, including Parliament, the Supreme Court and the Prime Minister’s Office. Protesters clashed with security forces, leading to at least 51 deaths according to some reports, including protesters and police. The army was briefly deployed amid the widespread destruction. https://www.wionews.com/videos/nepal-s-kp-sharma-oli-seeks-third-term-amid-youth-support-surge-1765980237066/embed A change of guard: Nepal gets first woman prime minister On September 9, Prime Minister Oli resigned along with several ministers, and former chief justice Sushila Karki took over as the first female prime minister of Nepal to lead an interim government. Her selection was unique: it involved an online youth vote through the Discord platform, as well as discussions with the army, protesters and President Ramchandra Paudel. The social media ban was subsequently lifted. Nepal’s Parliament was dissolved, and elections are scheduled for 5 March 2026. The interim government is investigating corruption even as it restores order and prepares for the elections. However, there is already criticism, as traditional parties like the Nepali Congress and the CPN-UML are terming the processes unconstitutional. Also read: Fire, tear-gas, graffiti and more: From Nepal to Madagascar, how Gen Z protests shook governments | YEARENDER 2025 Traditional parties are not leaving ground The Nepali government estimated that the GenZ protests caused losses of nearly 586 million US dollars. Traditional parties are slowly recovering after the shock of the protests. The CPN-UML held its 11th general convention in December, and was addressed by Oli who is seeking re-election despite internal challenges. Meanwhile, several leftist parties merged into the Nepali Communist Party in November, led by former Maoist leader-turned prime minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda) and Madhav Kumar Nepal. They are setting aside differences in order to consolidate votes and emerge victorious in the 2026 general elections. In spite of the optimism, it remains to be seen if the unprecedented youth activism will bring about long-lasting change in Nepal. Will next year’s elections bring back the old political guard or herald a new generation of leadership?

<p>The main event of Nepal in 2025 was the Gen Z protests, but it has been in the making for months before erupting in September. The protest, triggered by a social media ban, led to PM Oli’s resignation. Here is a recap of the key events in Nepal's pivotal year</p>

Year-Ender: Nepal politics saw a tectonic shift after Gen Z protests of 2025

High unemployment has long been treated as a structural issue, with families relying heavily on remittances (nearly 23 per cent of Nepal’s GDP). Many young people migrate to Gulf countries, Malaysia, or India instead of fighting the government. 

Instagram addiction? Why Nepal’s Gen Z never protested on unemployment but organised a revolution to protect social media

<p>Amid ongoing “Gen Z” protests in Nepal, a video has surfaced on social media showing an Indian woman requesting help from the Indian government. The woman identified as Upasana Gill has claimed in the video that while she was at a spa, protesters set fire to the hotel where she was staying. She also said that a mob carrying sticks were rushing toward her, prompting Upasana to leave the place in order to save her, as she was in Nepal to host a volleyball league.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>“My name is Upasana Gill, and I am sending this video to Praful Garg. I request the Indian embassy to please help us. All those who can help us, please help. I am stuck here in Pokhara, Nepal, as I had come here to host a volleyball league. Currently, the hotel where I was staying has been set on fire. All my luggage and belongings were in my room, and the entire hotel was set on fire. I was in the spa, and people c me with large sticks, and I barely managed to escape with my life,” the Indian woman is heard saying in the video. She also requested that all those people who can help, as the situation is very tense over there.</p>

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<p>Upasana Gill highlighted in the video that protesters did not spare even tourists. “The situation here is very bad. Fires are being set on roads everywhere. They are not sparing tourists here. They don't care if someone is a tourist or has come here for work. The situation has become very bad here because they are setting fires everywhere without thinking. We don't know how long we will stay in another hotel. But I just request the Indian embassy to help us and this video, this message, should be delivered to them as soon as possible. With folded hands, I request all of you, please help us. There are many people with me here, and we are all stranded here,” Gill added.</p><h3>Indian Embassy responds</h3><p>In response to the situation, the Indian Embassy in Kathmandu advised all Indian citizens in Nepal to avoid travelling outside. Additionally, it advised them to remain in their current places of residence until the situation stabilises. It also provided emergency contact numbers for those facing any urgent situation or requiring further assistance.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Sharing a post on social media platform X, the Indian embassy said, “All Indian nationals in Nepal are hereby requested to note the following telephone numbers from the Embassy of India, Kathmandu, for contact, in case they are facing any emergency situation or require assistance: 977 - 980 860 2881, 977 - 981 032 6134.”</p>

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Press Release: Advisory for Nepal⬇️<br>🔗 <a href="https://t.co/KWAzgnJaL1">https://t.co/KWAzgnJaL1</a> <a href="https://t.co/2pBOSYt6oP">pic.twitter.com/2pBOSYt6oP</a></p>&mdash; Randhir Jaiswal (@MEAIndia) <a href="https://twitter.com/MEAIndia/status/1965364251251671421?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 9, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

<p>"In view of the developing situation in Nepal, Indian citizens are advised to defer travel there until the situation has stabilised. Indian citizens presently in Nepal are advised to shelter in their current places of residence, avoid going out onto the streets and exercise all due caution," the MEA said.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>“They are also advised to follow local safety advisories from the Nepal authorities as well as the Embassy of India in Kathmandu. In case of any assistance required, please call the Embassy of India, Kathmandu, on the following helpline numbers: 977 - 980 860 2881 ( WhatsApp call also), 977 - 981 032 6134 ( WhatsApp call also ),” the MEA added.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>The student-driven Gen Z protests in Nepal, which started over a government ban on social media, have grown into a wider movement, voicing public discontent with Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli’s administration and the political elite over alleged corruption and neglect of ordinary citizens.</p>

The Indian Embassy in Kathmandu advised all Indian citizens in Nepal to avoid travelling outside and also directed them to shelter in their current places of residence until the situation stabilises.

Amid ongoing “Gen Z” protests in Nepal, a video has surfaced on social media showing an Indian woman requesting help from the Indian government. The woman identified as Upasana Gill has claimed in the video that while she was at a spa, protesters set fire to the hotel where she was staying. She also said that a mob carrying sticks were rushing toward her, prompting Upasana to leave the place in order to save her, as she was in Nepal to host a volleyball league. “My name is Upasana Gill, and I am sending this video to Praful Garg. I request the Indian embassy to please help us. All those who can help us, please help. I am stuck here in Pokhara, Nepal, as I had come here to host a volleyball league. Currently, the hotel where I was staying has been set on fire. All my luggage and belongings were in my room, and the entire hotel was set on fire. I was in the spa, and people c me with large sticks, and I barely managed to escape with my life,” the Indian woman is heard saying in the video. She also requested that all those people who can help, as the situation is very tense over there.

<p>The Indian Embassy in Kathmandu advised all Indian citizens in Nepal to avoid travelling outside. It also directed them to shelter in their current places of residence until the situation stabilises.</p>

'Hotel set on fire, mob chased me with sticks': Indian tourist trapped in Nepal appeals for help | VIDEO

Other than Nepal, several other nations have also banned major social media platforms like Facebook, X (Twitter), and Instagram, each for varying political, security, or regulatory reasons, but still have not lifted the ban on them. Check the list below.

Not just Nepal! 5 countries that banned Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and other social media apps — Check here

In recent years, several nations across the globe have witnessed demonstrations against the government, which include social media app bans, corruption or any provisions that couldn't meet the demands of a few sections of society. Let's delve into the list of recent major protests.

Global Unrest? List of countries that witnessed protest in recent years

<p>After the Nepal government banned social media in the country, protests by Gen Z have reached a level of violence and massive destruction in terms of life and property. This has led to the tragic state of the country, and now Bollywood celebrities Manisha Koirala and Rohit Saraf have expressed their heartbreak on social media.</p><h2>Rohit Saraf and Manisha Koirala's reaction to the Nepal Gen Z protest</h2><p>Manisha Koirala took to her Instagram handle and shared a picture of a blood-soaked shoe in her post and wrote, Today is a black day for Nepal- when bullets respond to the voice of people, outrage against corruption and demand for justice".</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Also Read: </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bollywood/karisma-kapoor-s-kids-samaira-and-kiaan-approach-delhi-hc-seeking-share-in-dad-sunjay-kapur-s-wealth-claim-stepmom-priya-sachdev-forged-will-1757415076007"><strong>Karisma Kapoor’s kids Samaira and Kiaan approach Delhi HC seeking share in dad Sunjay Kapur’s wealth, claim stepmom Priya Sachdev forged will</strong></a></p>

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<p>While the Kathmandu-born actor, Rohit Saraf, took to his Instagram stories and wrote, "To everyone in Nepal...my thoughts and prayers are with you. No struggle should come at the cost of innocent lives. Violence is never the answer. Hoping for dialogue, compassion and peace".</p><figure class="image"><img src="https://c.ndtvimg.com/2025-09/dfp1pmco_asc_625x300_09_September_25.jpg" alt="Latest and Breaking News on NDTV"></figure><p>The nationwide unrest is due to the strong protests led by Gen Z demanding digital freedom and government accountability. Post this, the Nepal government has officially lifted its controversial social media ban.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Also Read: </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/bollywood/censorship-petition-for-the-bengal-files-dismissed-by-the-calcutta-high-court-1757404283749"><strong>Censorship petition for The Bengal Files dismissed by the Calcutta High Court</strong></a></p><h2>What is the current situation in Nepal?</h2><p>Amid heavy uproar among Nepalese netizens over the social media ban, reports of Prime Minister KP Oli resigning from the post of Prime Minister have been doing the rounds. A video of a chopper carrying him out of the country amid violent protests is circulating all over the internet.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Also Read: </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/from-bell-bottom-to-kantara-5-must-watch-movies-of-rishab-shetty-1757398179272"><strong>From Bell Bottom to Kantara: 5 Rishab Shetty films that you need to watch</strong></a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Prior to this, as per reports, fresh protests erupted in Nepal, which have led to the loss of 19 lives and hundreds being injured on Monday.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Also Read: </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/leanne-netflix-renews-chuck-lorre-s-show-for-season-2-1757400185103"><strong>Leanne: Netflix renews Chuck Lorre's show for season 2</strong></a></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Moreover, the situation has escalated to such an extent that police opening fire, using tear gas, and rubber bullets are also being reported. As per WION's Nepal correspondent Saloni Murarka, the protesters have set ablaze Prime Minister KP Oli's residence, demanding accountability for those killed on Monday.</p>

Celebrities Rohit Saraf and Manisha Koirala have broken their silence over the massive violence that has erupted in Nepal after the government banned social media. 

After the Nepal government banned social media in the country, protests by Gen Z have reached a level of violence and massive destruction in terms of life and property. This has led to the tragic state of the country, and now Bollywood celebrities Manisha Koirala and Rohit Saraf have expressed their heartbreak on social media. Rohit Saraf and Manisha Koirala's reaction to the Nepal Gen Z protest Manisha Koirala took to her Instagram handle and shared a picture of a blood-soaked shoe in her post and wrote, Today is a black day for Nepal- when bullets respond to the voice of people, outrage against corruption and demand for justice". Also Read: Karisma Kapoor’s kids Samaira and Kiaan approach Delhi HC seeking share in dad Sunjay Kapur’s wealth, claim stepmom Priya Sachdev forged will

<p>Celebrities Rohit Saraf and Manisha Koirala have broken their silence over the massive violence that has erupted in Nepal after the government banned social media.&nbsp;</p>

Nepal Gen Z protests: Manisha Koirala and Rohit Saraf express heartbreak over violence in country

<p>Hours after Nepal PM KP Oli resigned from his post, a video of a chopper reportedly carrying him out of the country amid violent protests was circulated on social media. Oli has reportedly fled to Dubai after being provided a safe passage by the Nepal army chief. Nepal President Ram Chandra Paudel and Nepal Army chief General Ashok Raj Sigdel are in talks to decide the next steps for forming a new government. While the protesters set the Parliament and PM Oli's house on fire, some reports also claimed that many ministers, including Finance Minister Bishnu Prasad Paudel were chased by angry protesters on the streets.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Read More | </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/nepal-bans-facebook-x-youtube-in-massive-social-media-crackdown-what-prompted-the-move-and-what-is-allowed-1757008255733"><strong>Chaos, clashes and deaths: How social media ban led to deadly protest in Nepal, and WHY that was not the ONLY reason</strong></a></p>

<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-media-max-width="560"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Nepal PM Flees in Chopper, Likely Heading to Dubai Amid Gen-Z Protests <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepalprotest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepalprotest</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/protest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#protest</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/genz?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#genz</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/genzprotest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#genzprotest</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/kathmandu?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#kathmandu</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/KathmanduProtest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#KathmanduProtest</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/SocialMediaBan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#SocialMediaBan</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepalnewsupdate?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepalnewsupdate</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepalnewstoday?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepalnewstoday</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepalnews?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepalnews</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NepalBreakingNews?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NepalBreakingNews</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepalupdate?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepalupdate</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nepal?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nepal</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/NepalGenZProtest?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#NepalGenZProtest</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/KPSharmaOli?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#KPSharmaOli</a> <a href="https://t.co/eKZ3ucZ448">pic.twitter.com/eKZ3ucZ448</a></p>&mdash; Northeast Live (@NELiveTV) <a href="https://twitter.com/NELiveTV/status/1965354152047116668?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 9, 2025</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

<p><strong>Read More |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/when-gen-z-protests-heads-roll-from-nepal-to-indonesia-and-beyond-tiktok-generation-leads-change-in-politics-dominated-by-the-old-and-senile-1757401084536"><strong>When Gen Z protests, heads roll: From Nepal to Indonesia and beyond, TikTok generation leads change in politics dominated by the old and senile</strong></a></p><h2><strong>How the protest started?</strong></h2><p>The government’s decision on September 4 to block 26 social media platforms, including Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, X, and YouTube acted as a catalyst to trigger widespread protests led by Gen Z, already frustrated by corruption and lack of accountability and action by the government. With the Nepalese government trying to curb the protests using brutal force, the scenario turned ugly and as many as 19 people died in just one day. The protesters refused to bow down to power and soon stormed the Parliament building. Even though the social media ban was revoked late on Monday, protests continued, demanding larger accountability.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/nepal-protests-nepal-pm-kp-sharma-oli-resigns-19-killed-over-400-injured-1757412352209/embed">https://www.wionews.com/videos/nepal-protests-nepal-pm-kp-sharma-oli-resigns-19-killed-over-400-injured-1757412352209/embed</a>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>In addition to the social media ban, the protests were also a result of corruption scandals involving top political figures, such as a 2017 Airbus procurement deal that caused financial losses and resulted in convictions after a probe by the Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA). Protest accounts also underscored worries about the lack of job opportunities, and a growing sense of inequality.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Read More | </strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/nepal-protests-information-minister-house-fire-1757398175566"><strong>Nepal Protests: Protestors set ablaze Information Minister's house</strong></a></p>

Nepal is on the boil and its Prime Minister KP Oli has resigned. Now, a video has surfaced in which he is seen fleeing the country in a chopper. This gives a major deja vu moment as Oli becomes another PM in India's neighbourhood to flee after Bangladesh's Sheikh Hasina last year. 

Hours after Nepal PM KP Oli resigned from his post, a video of a chopper reportedly carrying him out of the country amid violent protests was circulated on social media. Oli has reportedly fled to Dubai after being provided a safe passage by the Nepal army chief. Nepal President Ram Chandra Paudel and Nepal Army chief General Ashok Raj Sigdel are in talks to decide the next steps for forming a new government. While the protesters set the Parliament and PM Oli's house on fire, some reports also claimed that many ministers, including Finance Minister Bishnu Prasad Paudel were chased by angry protesters on the streets. Read More | Chaos, clashes and deaths: How social media ban led to deadly protest in Nepal, and WHY that was not the ONLY reason

<p>Nepal is on the boil and its Prime Minister KP Oli has resigned. Now, a video has surfaced in which he is seen fleeing the country in a chopper. This gives a major deja vu moment as Oli becomes another PM in India's neighbourhood to flee after Bangladesh's Sheikh Hasina last year.&nbsp;</p>

Nepal PM KP Oli flees in chopper amid violent protests; President Paudel, Army chief to take next steps to form new govt: Reports

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