The United Nations (UN) warned on Tuesday (Nov 14) that the world was failing to get a grip on climate change, as an assessment of current climate pledges showed only minor progress on reducing emissions this decade. In a statement, the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said the world was failing to act with sufficient urgency to curb greenhouse gas emissions.

The UN found out that combined climate plans from nearly 200 countries would put the world on a path for 2030 carbon emissions just two per cent below 2019 levels. This was far short of the 43 per cent fall that the IPCC said was needed to limit warming to the Paris deal target of 1.5 degrees Celsius since the preindustrial era.&nbsp;

Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/climate-change-is-costing-us-usd-16-million-per-hour-study-644591">Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour, says study</a>

The report was released just weeks before the COP28 in Dubai which will be from Nov 30 to Dec 12.

<h2>'Inch-by-inch progress will not do'</h2>

Speaking to the news agency AFP, UN Climate Change Chief Simon Stiell said, "Every fraction of a degree matters, but we are severely off track. COP28 is our time to change that." He called for the upcoming climate change conference to mark a clear turning point for a world already wrecked by increasing floods, heatwaves and storms.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned that countries were not acting fast enough to avoid a climate catastrophe. "Inch-by-inch progress will not do. It is time for a climate ambition supernova in every country, city, and sector," Guterres said.&nbsp;

AFP reported that in September, a global stocktake of the world's progress on averting the worst impacts of climate change warned that the world was far off target. Global greenhouse gas emissions must peak by 2025 and drop sharply thereafter to keep the 1.5C limit in view, it said.&nbsp;

A response to the stocktake would form the centrepiece of the COP28 meeting with important discussions over the future of oil, gas and coal. However, countries still fail to match their actions to what scientists say is needed to avoid blasting past the world's agreed global warming limits.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

The United Nations (UN) warned on Tuesday (Nov 14) that the world was failing to get a grip on climate change, as an assessment of current climate pledges showed only minor progress on reducing emissions this decade.

The United Nations (UN) warned on Tuesday (Nov 14) that the world was failing to get a grip on climate change, as an assessment of current climate pledges showed only minor progress on reducing emissions this decade. In a statement, the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said the world was failing to act with sufficient urgency to curb greenhouse gas emissions. The UN found out that combined climate plans from nearly 200 countries would put the world on a path for 2030 carbon emissions just two per cent below 2019 levels. This was far short of the 43 per cent fall that the IPCC said was needed to limit warming to the Paris deal target of 1.5 degrees Celsius since the preindustrial era. Also read: Climate change is costing us USD 16 million per hour, says study The report was released just weeks before the COP28 in Dubai which will be from Nov 30 to Dec 12. 'Inch-by-inch progress will not do' Speaking to the news agency AFP, UN Climate Change Chief Simon Stiell said, "Every fraction of a degree matters, but we are severely off track. COP28 is our time to change that." He called for the upcoming climate change conference to mark a clear turning point for a world already wrecked by increasing floods, heatwaves and storms. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned that countries were not acting fast enough to avoid a climate catastrophe. "Inch-by-inch progress will not do. It is time for a climate ambition supernova in every country, city, and sector," Guterres said. AFP reported that in September, a global stocktake of the world's progress on averting the worst impacts of climate change warned that the world was far off target. Global greenhouse gas emissions must peak by 2025 and drop sharply thereafter to keep the 1.5C limit in view, it said. A response to the stocktake would form the centrepiece of the COP28 meeting with important discussions over the future of oil, gas and coal. However, countries still fail to match their actions to what scientists say is needed to avoid blasting past the world's agreed global warming limits. (With inputs from agencies)

UN warns world failing to get a grip on climate change

Although climate change and its impact are making headlines everyday. Experts believe otherwise. interestingly, experts see hope in gloomy climate reports. According to the recent report issued by the intergovernmental panel on Climate Change, commonly known as IPCC humanity is set to blow past 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the early 2030s and adapting to climate change will become increasingly difficult.

Experts see hope in gloomy climate reports | WION Climate Tracker

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has warned that the world is already only a few tenths of a degree away from the global target of limiting warming to 1.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has warned that the world is already only a few tenths of a degree away from the global target of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. In its latest report on climate change, released on Monday (March 20), the IPCC said that there are multiple, feasible and effective options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to human-caused climate change. "This Synthesis Report underscores the urgency of taking more ambitious action and shows that if we act now, we can still secure a liveable sustainable future for all," the report said. Back in 2018, the IPCC highlighted the unprecedented scale of the challenge needed to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. But five years later, this challenge has even become greater because of a continued increase in greenhouse gas emissions. If left unchecked, climate change will undo a lot of the progress made over the past years in development. So what is climate change, what are its consequences and what are the solutions? What is climate change? According to the United Nations (UN), climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. The UN says that these shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. Climate change can affect our health, ability to grow food, housing, safety and work. "Some of us are already more vulnerable to climate impacts, such as people living in small island nations and other developing countries," the UN says. "Conditions like sea-level rise and saltwater intrusion have advanced to the point where whole communities have had to relocate, and protracted droughts are putting people at risk of famine. In the future, the number of “climate refugees” is expected to rise," it adds. What are the consequences? The UN says that the consequences of climate change include intense droughts, water scarcity, severe fires, rising sea levels, melting polar ice, catastrophic storms and declining biodiversity. What happens if climate change is left unchecked? If left unchecked, climate change can undo a lot of the progress made over the past years in development. It can also exacerbate threats such as food and water scarcity, which can lead to conflict. The UN says that doing nothing will end up costing a lot more than if actions are taken now that will lead to more jobs, greater prosperity, and better lives for all while reducing greenhouse emissions and building climate resilience. Is climate change affecting people's lives? Yes, people's lives are being affected by climate change. Severe weather and rising sea levels are affecting people and their properties in developed and developing countries. The UN points out that climate change is especially affecting the poor and vulnerable, as well as marginalised groups like women, children and the elderly. What are the solutions? Climate change can be addressed, but the efforts have to be ramped up. The UN says that countries must transform their energy, industries, transport, food, agriculture and forestry systems to ensure that rise in global temperatures can be limited to well below two degrees, perhaps even 1.5. "We also need to anticipate, adapt and become resilient to the current and future impacts of climate change," the UN says. It points out that many climate change solutions can deliver economic benefits while improving lives, and protecting the environment. The UN also says that switching energy systems from fossil fuels to renewables like solar or wind will reduce the emissions driving climate change. Switching energy systems from fossil fuels to renewables like solar or wind will reduce the emissions driving climate change. "But we have to start right now. While a growing coalition of countries is committing to net zero emissions by 2050, about half of emissions cuts must be in place by 2030 to keep warming below 1.5°C. Fossil fuel production must decline by roughly 6 per cent per year between 2020 and 2030." The importance of keeping warming below 1.5ºCelsius In several UN reports, thousands of scientists and government reviewers have agreed that limiting global temperature rise to no more than 1.5 degrees Celsius would help avoid the worst climate impacts and maintain a livable climate. Yet policies which are currently in place point to a 2.8°C temperature rise by the end of the century. The Synthesis report on Monday said that if temperatures are to be kept to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, deep, rapid, and sustained greenhouse gas emissions reductions will be needed in all sectors this decade. Emissions need to go down and be cut by almost half by 2030, if this goal has any chance of being achieved. On Monday, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres described the report as a “how-to guide to defuse the climate time bomb.” Guterres proposed to the G20 a "Climate Solidarity Pact,” where big emitters would make extra efforts to cut emissions, and wealthier countries would mobilise financial and technical resources to support emerging economies in a common effort to ensure that global temperatures do not rise by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Explained: What is climate change? What are its consequences? | A lowdown

The United Nations-backed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has released what is being described as a sobering report, with the bottom line being that the time on saving the planet is running out. The Synthesis Report of the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) was published on Monday (March 21) and is likely the final one of the series.&nbsp;

Why is the report important?

The mammoth Synthesis Report (SYR) of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) comprised some of the most crucial findings about the knowledge of climate change, its impact and risks and how they can be mitigated and adapted to.&nbsp;

The important summary was a part of the six-part research which has now been completed after five years and draws on the findings of hundreds of scientists to provide a comprehensive assessment of the climate crisis. The 37-page document was made following a week of deliberations in Interlaken, Switzerland.&nbsp;

Extreme weather events are set to intensify

The findings also come as the world is witnessing the adverse effects of human-induced climate change including extreme weather events and widespread changes in our natural ecosystems, said the report. Additionally, these effects have also impacted people particularly, “Vulnerable communities who have historically contributed the least to current climate change are disproportionately affected,”&nbsp;the report noted.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/final-warning-over-devastating-climate-impacts-un-report-calls-for-urgent-action-573965">'Final warning' over devastating climate impacts: UN report calls for urgent action</a>

It also said that there is very little chance of keeping the world from warming by more than 1.5 degree Celsius, which the governments had previously pledged to avoid. However, since the global temperature has also risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius experts said that there is a chance it might breach the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold. The report has also said that the impacts related to this rise in temperature are also set to intensify.&nbsp;

According to the report, approximately 3.3-3.6 billion people are “highly vulnerable” to climate change while increasing weather and climate extreme events have exposed millions of people to acute food insecurity and reduced water security. The IPCC report also notes the disparity between rich nations and poorer countries, as the former has largely contributed to the rise in carbon dioxide emissions during industrialisation.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/un-chief-says-climate-time-bomb-ticking-key-points-of-ipcc-report-574033">UN chief says 'climate time bomb ticking': Key points of IPCC report</a>

The emissions which to this day are present in the air but the brunt of which is being witnessed by the citizens of poorer countries who suffer due to the extreme weather events and are “up to 15 times more likely to die in floods, droughts and storms,”&nbsp;said Science panel chief Hoesung Lee as per Associated Press.&nbsp;

Rise in temperature and concentration of&nbsp;greenhouse gases&nbsp;

“It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land,”&nbsp;said the IPCC report, while also recognising the role of natural changes to the Earth’s climate. However, the report finds that out of the 1.07 degrees Celsius of the 1.09 degrees Celsius of the Earth’s global surface temperature rise is due to greenhouse gases associated with human activities.&nbsp;

“It has always been clear in the IPCC and in climate science, that it's not very likely that we always will stay below 1.5 degrees Celsius”, said Dr Oliver Geden a member of the report’s core writing team, as per BBC. Extreme heat events have resulted in human mortality and morbidity, the report stated and heat waves as well as heavy rain has become more frequent and intense since the 1950s.&nbsp;

The increases in well-mixed greenhouse gas concentrations are “unequivocally” caused by human activities and their consequential emissions. At least 42 per cent of the current cumulative net carbon dioxide emissions occurred between 1990 and 2019, said the report.&nbsp;

ALSO WATCH |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/new-ipcc-report-on-climate-change-574323">New IPCC report on climate change</a>

In 2019, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere was higher than at any time in at least two million years while the concentration of methane and nitrous oxide was higher than at any time in at least 800,000 years.&nbsp;

Is it too late?

Once the global temperatures cross the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold, “the risks are starting to pile on,” said report co-author Francis X. Johnson to Associated Press. The report also mentions “tipping points” around that temperature which include the extinction of species like coral reefs, irreversible melting of ice sheets and sea level rise of several metres.&nbsp;

While UN chief Antonio Guterres has insisted that “the 1.5 degree limit is achievable”, some scientists and authors of the report are sceptical and said that reaching that threshold is “inevitable,” reported AP.&nbsp;

The report also notes that if it continues its consumption of fossil fuels either existing now or proposed the temperature will rise to at least two degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times. Although the data is from a few years ago, it does not account for the rise in the use of coal and natural gas recently which has been attributed to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/global-rankings-predict-high-risk-to-indian-states-due-to-climate-change-564342">Global rankings predict high risk to Indian states due to climate change</a>

Meanwhile, the authors of the report have also suggested numerous methods for adaptation which include reforms in agricultural practices, urban greening, and restoration of wetlands and upstream forest ecosystems have been effective in reducing flood risks and urban heat.&nbsp;

The report also calls for a combination of both non-structural and structural measures. Non-structural measures, like early warning systems, &nbsp;disaster risk management, climate services and social safety nets have broad applicability across multiple sectors, said the report.&nbsp;

The IPCC has also said that the emissions must be halved by the mid-2030s to limit the rise in temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius and called for countries and communities around the world to find ways to adapt to climate change with actions to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions.&nbsp;

ALSO READ |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/new-study-reveals-impacts-of-climate-change-on-mental-health-561630">New study reveals impact of climate change on mental health</a>

This also included the use of alternative energy options like wind and solar, using electric vehicles, promoting the use of public transport or enabling active mobility in urban areas like walking or cycling, and so on.&nbsp;

The IPCC chief told the AP that they do not tell nations what they need to do in order to limit the worst warming, adding “it’s up to each government to find the best solution.” He added, “The pace and scale of what has been done so far and current plans are insufficient to tackle climate change. We are walking when we should be sprinting.”&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)&nbsp; 
 
&nbsp;

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The United Nations-backed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has released what is being described as a sobering report, with the bottom line being that the time on saving the planet is running out.

The United Nations-backed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has released what is being described as a sobering report, with the bottom line being that the time on saving the planet is running out. The Synthesis Report of the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) was published on Monday (March 21) and is likely the final one of the series. Why is the report important? The mammoth Synthesis Report (SYR) of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) comprised some of the most crucial findings about the knowledge of climate change, its impact and risks and how they can be mitigated and adapted to. The important summary was a part of the six-part research which has now been completed after five years and draws on the findings of hundreds of scientists to provide a comprehensive assessment of the climate crisis. The 37-page document was made following a week of deliberations in Interlaken, Switzerland. Extreme weather events are set to intensify The findings also come as the world is witnessing the adverse effects of human-induced climate change including extreme weather events and widespread changes in our natural ecosystems, said the report. Additionally, these effects have also impacted people particularly, “Vulnerable communities who have historically contributed the least to current climate change are disproportionately affected,” the report noted. ALSO READ | 'Final warning' over devastating climate impacts: UN report calls for urgent action It also said that there is very little chance of keeping the world from warming by more than 1.5 degree Celsius, which the governments had previously pledged to avoid. However, since the global temperature has also risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius experts said that there is a chance it might breach the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold. The report has also said that the impacts related to this rise in temperature are also set to intensify. According to the report, approximately 3.3-3.6 billion people are “highly vulnerable” to climate change while increasing weather and climate extreme events have exposed millions of people to acute food insecurity and reduced water security. The IPCC report also notes the disparity between rich nations and poorer countries, as the former has largely contributed to the rise in carbon dioxide emissions during industrialisation. ALSO READ | UN chief says 'climate time bomb ticking': Key points of IPCC report The emissions which to this day are present in the air but the brunt of which is being witnessed by the citizens of poorer countries who suffer due to the extreme weather events and are “up to 15 times more likely to die in floods, droughts and storms,” said Science panel chief Hoesung Lee as per Associated Press. Rise in temperature and concentration of greenhouse gases “It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land,” said the IPCC report, while also recognising the role of natural changes to the Earth’s climate. However, the report finds that out of the 1.07 degrees Celsius of the 1.09 degrees Celsius of the Earth’s global surface temperature rise is due to greenhouse gases associated with human activities. “It has always been clear in the IPCC and in climate science, that it's not very likely that we always will stay below 1.5 degrees Celsius”, said Dr Oliver Geden a member of the report’s core writing team, as per BBC. Extreme heat events have resulted in human mortality and morbidity, the report stated and heat waves as well as heavy rain has become more frequent and intense since the 1950s. The increases in well-mixed greenhouse gas concentrations are “unequivocally” caused by human activities and their consequential emissions. At least 42 per cent of the current cumulative net carbon dioxide emissions occurred between 1990 and 2019, said the report. ALSO WATCH | New IPCC report on climate change In 2019, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere was higher than at any time in at least two million years while the concentration of methane and nitrous oxide was higher than at any time in at least 800,000 years. Is it too late? Once the global temperatures cross the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold, “the risks are starting to pile on,” said report co-author Francis X. Johnson to Associated Press. The report also mentions “tipping points” around that temperature which include the extinction of species like coral reefs, irreversible melting of ice sheets and sea level rise of several metres. While UN chief Antonio Guterres has insisted that “the 1.5 degree limit is achievable”, some scientists and authors of the report are sceptical and said that reaching that threshold is “inevitable,” reported AP. The report also notes that if it continues its consumption of fossil fuels either existing now or proposed the temperature will rise to at least two degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times. Although the data is from a few years ago, it does not account for the rise in the use of coal and natural gas recently which has been attributed to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. ALSO READ | Global rankings predict high risk to Indian states due to climate change Meanwhile, the authors of the report have also suggested numerous methods for adaptation which include reforms in agricultural practices, urban greening, and restoration of wetlands and upstream forest ecosystems have been effective in reducing flood risks and urban heat. The report also calls for a combination of both non-structural and structural measures. Non-structural measures, like early warning systems, disaster risk management, climate services and social safety nets have broad applicability across multiple sectors, said the report. The IPCC has also said that the emissions must be halved by the mid-2030s to limit the rise in temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius and called for countries and communities around the world to find ways to adapt to climate change with actions to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions. ALSO READ | New study reveals impact of climate change on mental health This also included the use of alternative energy options like wind and solar, using electric vehicles, promoting the use of public transport or enabling active mobility in urban areas like walking or cycling, and so on. The IPCC chief told the AP that they do not tell nations what they need to do in order to limit the worst warming, adding “it’s up to each government to find the best solution.” He added, “The pace and scale of what has been done so far and current plans are insufficient to tackle climate change. We are walking when we should be sprinting.” (With inputs from agencies) WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Explained | UN report delivers ‘final warning’ on climate crisis. Here are some key takeaways

UN chief says 'climate time bomb ticking': Key points of IPCC report

The fourth and final instalment of the sixth assessment report by the intergovernmental panel on climate change is out. It says that the world is on course to overshoot the 1.5 degree celsius global warming threshold. The assessment also stressed that humanity still has a chance to prevent the worst of future harms. In this episode of WION conversation we decode the IPCC report and some of the key takeaways.

New IPCC report on climate change

The&nbsp;US&nbsp;Energy Department launched a&nbsp;program&nbsp;on Thursday to fund four large-scale projects across the country that can remove&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;dioxide from the air, investing $3.5&nbsp;billion&nbsp;in a nascent&nbsp;technology the Biden administration says is necessary to meet a goal of achieving net zero emissions by mid century.

The agency released a formal notice saying it would fund the $3.5&nbsp;billion&nbsp;program&nbsp;created by the 2021 Bipartisan Infrastucture Law that would create four regional direct air capture hubs&nbsp;to spur the widespread deployment of the&nbsp;technology and&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;dioxide transport and storage infrastructure.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/greenhouse-gas-sea-level-all-broke-records-in-2021-says-un-warns-of-climate-catastrophe-480233">Greenhouse gas, sea level all broke records in 2021, says UN, warns of 'climate catastrophe'</a>

The UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released a report last month that said the world will need “carbon dioxide removal”&nbsp;technologies - ranging from planting trees that soak&nbsp;up&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;to grow, to costly&nbsp;technologies to suck&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;dioxide directly from the air to meet global goals to curb climate change.

“The UN's latest climate report made clear that removing legacy&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;pollution from the air through direct air capture and safely storing it is an essential weapon in our fight against the climate crisis,” said Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm.

Carbon&nbsp;removal&nbsp;technology has gained major attention and investment in recent months. There are three major direct air capture projects under&nbsp;development&nbsp;that have emerged in North America and Europe but they are only sucking&nbsp;up&nbsp;small amounts of CO2 from the air currently.

Watch |&nbsp;Aviation leaves huge carbon footprint, new report says only 1 of 50 goals met

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Earlier this year,&nbsp;technology firms Google, Shopify, Meta, and Stripe launched a $1&nbsp;billion&nbsp;fund that will buy&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;removal&nbsp;credits over the next decade as a way to incentivize rapid deployment of the&nbsp;technology.

Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk last year offered inventors $100 million in prize money to develop new&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;removal&nbsp;technologies.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/technology/what-is-a-taxibot-employed-at-airports-to-reduce-carbon-emissions-474961">What is a TaxiBot employed at airports to reduce carbon emissions?</a>

The DOE said that by midcentury,&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;removal&nbsp;will need to be deployed at the gigaton scale, meaning it would need to be able to sequester the equivalent of emissions from approximately 250 million vehicles driven in one year.&nbsp;

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&nbsp;

The US Energy Department launched a program on Thursday to fund four large-scale projects across the country that can remove carbon dioxide from the air, investing $3.

The US Energy Department launched a program on Thursday to fund four large-scale projects across the country that can remove carbon dioxide from the air, investing $3.5 billion in a nascent technology the Biden administration says is necessary to meet a goal of achieving net zero emissions by mid century. The agency released a formal notice saying it would fund the $3.5 billion program created by the 2021 Bipartisan Infrastucture Law that would create four regional direct air capture hubs to spur the widespread deployment of the technology and carbon dioxide transport and storage infrastructure. Also read | Greenhouse gas, sea level all broke records in 2021, says UN, warns of 'climate catastrophe' The UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released a report last month that said the world will need “carbon dioxide removal” technologies - ranging from planting trees that soak up carbon to grow, to costly technologies to suck carbon dioxide directly from the air to meet global goals to curb climate change. “The UN's latest climate report made clear that removing legacy carbon pollution from the air through direct air capture and safely storing it is an essential weapon in our fight against the climate crisis,” said Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm. Carbon removal technology has gained major attention and investment in recent months. There are three major direct air capture projects under development that have emerged in North America and Europe but they are only sucking up small amounts of CO2 from the air currently. Watch | Aviation leaves huge carbon footprint, new report says only 1 of 50 goals met Earlier this year, technology firms Google, Shopify, Meta, and Stripe launched a $1 billion fund that will buy carbon removal credits over the next decade as a way to incentivize rapid deployment of the technology. Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk last year offered inventors $100 million in prize money to develop new carbon removal technologies. Also read | What is a TaxiBot employed at airports to reduce carbon emissions? The DOE said that by midcentury, carbon removal will need to be deployed at the gigaton scale, meaning it would need to be able to sequester the equivalent of emissions from approximately 250 million vehicles driven in one year. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

US launches $3.5 billion programme to speed development of up carbon removal tech

Will India witness normal temperatures? W.M.O's new report indicates optimistic findings as it contradicts IPCC's grim findings.

Will India witness normal temperatures? W.M.O's new report's optimistic findings

Climate models are essential tools in climatology as they allow the projection of future warming scenarios, making it easier to identify and analyse probable climate change impacts, a report&nbsp;said.

However, a study has predicted&nbsp;that Arctic rainfall would become dominating in 2060s than in previous decades, another study claimed&nbsp;that by 2100, air pollution from forest fires in western US could triple. The third study has predicted&nbsp;a major extinction of the oceans during the next several millennia. These studies were published last year, relying on future estimates generated by some of the world’s climate models, the 'Science'&nbsp;report&nbsp;said.&nbsp;

Also Read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/antarctica-scientists-find-subglacial-aquifer-teeming-with-seawater-476713">Antarctica: Scientists find subglacial aquifer teeming with seawater</a>

Though, the models’ creators admit that many of them have major flaws, forecasting that future will become too hot, too fast. The modelmakers are still adjusting to this reality and researchers who use model forecasts to asses climate change implications are yet to be done. This has resulted in a slew of “faster than predicted” outcomes which threatens to undermine the credibility of climate science.

Watch |&nbsp;Australia: Climate change causes insurability crisis

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A group of climate scientists argued in an editorial published in 'Nature' that scientists need to be considerably more selective in how they interpret the model results.&nbsp;

Kate Marvel, climate scientist, NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies and co-author of the editorial, said that nothing about “too hot” generation invalidates climate science’s tenets. Marvel said, although the greenhouse effect is still warming, ice is melting, sea levels are rising and droughts are also becoming frequent in areas. These models aren’t perfect. “They’re not crystal balls.”

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The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), which aggregates the result of the world’s models in anticipation of the major IPPC reports that comes out after every 7-8 years&nbsp;talked about the problems of “too-hot” models in 2019.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/in-pics-flights-delayed-as-iraq-battered-by-a-dust-storm-once-again-475607">In pics: One dead, 5000 suffer breathing problems as thick sandstorm hits Iraq</a>

Last year, the IPCC attempted to address the issues by publishing its first working group report on the physical basis of climate change. The IPCC graded models based in their ability to reproduce historical temperatures. It then employed the sophisticated models to create official “assessed warming” forecasts for various fossil fuel emissions scenarios. When it comes to predicting future changes to Earth, the IPCC provided results from all the models based on the degree of warming: 1.5°C, 2°C useful information from the hot models, even if they have reached certain criteria too quickly.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

Climate models are essential tools in climatology as they allow the projection of future warming scenarios, making it easier to identify and analyse probable climate change impacts, a report said.

Climate models are essential tools in climatology as they allow the projection of future warming scenarios, making it easier to identify and analyse probable climate change impacts, a report said. However, a study has predicted that Arctic rainfall would become dominating in 2060s than in previous decades, another study claimed that by 2100, air pollution from forest fires in western US could triple. The third study has predicted a major extinction of the oceans during the next several millennia. These studies were published last year, relying on future estimates generated by some of the world’s climate models, the 'Science' report said. Also Read | Antarctica: Scientists find subglacial aquifer teeming with seawater Though, the models’ creators admit that many of them have major flaws, forecasting that future will become too hot, too fast. The modelmakers are still adjusting to this reality and researchers who use model forecasts to asses climate change implications are yet to be done. This has resulted in a slew of “faster than predicted” outcomes which threatens to undermine the credibility of climate science. Watch | Australia: Climate change causes insurability crisis A group of climate scientists argued in an editorial published in 'Nature' that scientists need to be considerably more selective in how they interpret the model results. Kate Marvel, climate scientist, NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies and co-author of the editorial, said that nothing about “too hot” generation invalidates climate science’s tenets. Marvel said, although the greenhouse effect is still warming, ice is melting, sea levels are rising and droughts are also becoming frequent in areas. These models aren’t perfect. “They’re not crystal balls.” WATCH WION LIVE HERE: The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), which aggregates the result of the world’s models in anticipation of the major IPPC reports that comes out after every 7-8 years talked about the problems of “too-hot” models in 2019. Also read | In pics: One dead, 5000 suffer breathing problems as thick sandstorm hits Iraq Last year, the IPCC attempted to address the issues by publishing its first working group report on the physical basis of climate change. The IPCC graded models based in their ability to reproduce historical temperatures. It then employed the sophisticated models to create official “assessed warming” forecasts for various fossil fuel emissions scenarios. When it comes to predicting future changes to Earth, the IPCC provided results from all the models based on the degree of warming: 1.5°C, 2°C useful information from the hot models, even if they have reached certain criteria too quickly. (With inputs from agencies)

"Too hot" climate models overstate global warming's effects, says report

UN&nbsp;climate&nbsp;experts are set to&nbsp;release&nbsp;what is expected to be the definitive guide to halting global warming on Monday, in a report that lays out how societies and economies must transform to ensure a "liveable" future.

With war in Ukraine spurring an urgent energy rethink in the West, analysts say the latest report from the&nbsp;UN's Intergovernmental Panel on&nbsp;Climate&nbsp;Change&nbsp;will also be an important resource for nations seeking a rapid transition away from Russian oil and gas.

In recent months the IPCC has published the first two instalments in a trilogy of mammoth scientific assessments covering how greenhouse gas pollution is heating the planet and what that means for life on Earth.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/many-of-new-zealands-glaciers-might-vanish-within-a-decade-scientists-warn-467056">Scientists warn that many of New Zealand’s glaciers might vanish within a decade</a>

This third report will outline what to do about it.

But that answer has sweeping political ramifications as&nbsp;climate&nbsp;solutions&nbsp;touch on virtually all aspects of modern life -- and require significant investment.&nbsp;

Two weeks of gruelling negotiations have seen nearly 200 nations struggling to thrash out line-by-line a high-level "summary for policymakers" that distils the hundreds of pages of underlying assessment.&nbsp;

That meeting was supposed to wrap up on Friday, but dragged on through the weekend.&nbsp;The IPCC assessment was originally due to be published publicly on Monday at 0900 GMT, but will now be released at 1500GMT.&nbsp;

"Everybody has something to lose and everybody has something to gain," said one person close to the process.

Easy answers are unlikely, with the IPCC expected to detail the need for transformational changes to energy generation and industry, as well as to cities, transportation and food systems.&nbsp;

Watch |&nbsp;India, a voice for developing nations on climate change

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/india-a-voice-for-developing-nations-on-climate-change-467487/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo">&nbsp;</div>

To save the world from the worst ravages of&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change, the report is also expected to warn that slashing carbon dioxide pollution is no longer enough.&nbsp;

And technologies that are not yet operating to scale will need to be ramped up enormously to suck CO2 out of the atmosphere.

A 1.5C cap on global warming -- the aspirational goal of the 2015 Paris&nbsp;climate&nbsp;accord -- has been embraced as a target by most of the world's nations.

Barely 1.1C of warming so far has ushered in a devastating surge of deadly extreme weather across the globe.

Fossil fuels

UN&nbsp;chief Antonio Guterres warned last month that major economies are allowing carbon pollution to increase when drastic cuts are needed.

"We are sleepwalking to&nbsp;climate&nbsp;catastrophe," he said.

In February, the IPCC report on past, present and future&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change&nbsp;impacts and vulnerabilities detailed what Guterres called an "atlas of human suffering".&nbsp;

The report concluded that further delays in cutting carbon pollution and preparing for impacts already in the pipeline "will miss a brief and rapidly closing window of opportunity to secure a liveable and sustainable future for all".

Also read |<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/covid-vaccine-covaxin-supply-through-un-procurement-agencies-suspended-by-who-467944">&nbsp;Covid vaccine Covaxin supply through UN procurement agencies suspended by WHO &nbsp;</a>

Current national carbon-cutting commitments still put the world on a catastrophic path toward 2.7C of warming by 2100.

"How much more destruction must we witness, and how many more scientific reports will it take, before governments finally acknowledge fossil fuels as the real culprits behind the human suffering being felt across the globe?", said Namrata Chowdhary of 350.org.&nbsp;

The main focus of the report is on weaning the global economy off fossil fuels and moving to low- or zero-carbon sources of energy, from solar and wind to nuclear, hydro and hydrogen.

Helping that transition is the fact that renewable energy is now cheaper than energy generated by fossil fuels in most markets.

The IPCC also details ways to reduce demand for oil, gas and coal, whether by making buildings more energy-efficient or encouraging shifts in lifestyle, such as eating less beef and not flying half-way around the world for a holiday or business meeting.

With intense political wrangling over the high-level policy summary, some fear the message will have been watered down.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/un-peacekeepers-deployed-to-northeastern-mali-amid-spate-of-killings-467447">UN peacekeepers deployed to northeastern Mali amid spate of killings</a>

"The&nbsp;climate&nbsp;crisis is accelerating and fossil fuels are the overwhelming cause. Any report on mitigation that fails to emphasise that fact is denying the very science to which the IPCC is committed," said Nikki Reisch of the Center for International Environmental Law.&nbsp;

The report's finding will feed into&nbsp;UN&nbsp;political negotiations, which resume in November in Egypt at COP 27.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

UN climate experts are set to release what is expected to be the definitive guide to halting global warming on Monday, in a report that lays out how societies and economies must transform to ensure a "liveable" future.

UN climate experts are set to release what is expected to be the definitive guide to halting global warming on Monday, in a report that lays out how societies and economies must transform to ensure a "liveable" future. With war in Ukraine spurring an urgent energy rethink in the West, analysts say the latest report from the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change will also be an important resource for nations seeking a rapid transition away from Russian oil and gas. In recent months the IPCC has published the first two instalments in a trilogy of mammoth scientific assessments covering how greenhouse gas pollution is heating the planet and what that means for life on Earth. Also read | Scientists warn that many of New Zealand’s glaciers might vanish within a decade This third report will outline what to do about it. But that answer has sweeping political ramifications as climate solutions touch on virtually all aspects of modern life -- and require significant investment. Two weeks of gruelling negotiations have seen nearly 200 nations struggling to thrash out line-by-line a high-level "summary for policymakers" that distils the hundreds of pages of underlying assessment. That meeting was supposed to wrap up on Friday, but dragged on through the weekend. The IPCC assessment was originally due to be published publicly on Monday at 0900 GMT, but will now be released at 1500GMT. "Everybody has something to lose and everybody has something to gain," said one person close to the process. Easy answers are unlikely, with the IPCC expected to detail the need for transformational changes to energy generation and industry, as well as to cities, transportation and food systems. Watch | India, a voice for developing nations on climate change To save the world from the worst ravages of climate change, the report is also expected to warn that slashing carbon dioxide pollution is no longer enough. And technologies that are not yet operating to scale will need to be ramped up enormously to suck CO2 out of the atmosphere. A 1.5C cap on global warming -- the aspirational goal of the 2015 Paris climate accord -- has been embraced as a target by most of the world's nations. Barely 1.1C of warming so far has ushered in a devastating surge of deadly extreme weather across the globe. Fossil fuels UN chief Antonio Guterres warned last month that major economies are allowing carbon pollution to increase when drastic cuts are needed. "We are sleepwalking to climate catastrophe," he said. In February, the IPCC report on past, present and future climate change impacts and vulnerabilities detailed what Guterres called an "atlas of human suffering". The report concluded that further delays in cutting carbon pollution and preparing for impacts already in the pipeline "will miss a brief and rapidly closing window of opportunity to secure a liveable and sustainable future for all". Also read | Covid vaccine Covaxin supply through UN procurement agencies suspended by WHO Current national carbon-cutting commitments still put the world on a catastrophic path toward 2.7C of warming by 2100. "How much more destruction must we witness, and how many more scientific reports will it take, before governments finally acknowledge fossil fuels as the real culprits behind the human suffering being felt across the globe?", said Namrata Chowdhary of 350.org. The main focus of the report is on weaning the global economy off fossil fuels and moving to low- or zero-carbon sources of energy, from solar and wind to nuclear, hydro and hydrogen. Helping that transition is the fact that renewable energy is now cheaper than energy generated by fossil fuels in most markets. The IPCC also details ways to reduce demand for oil, gas and coal, whether by making buildings more energy-efficient or encouraging shifts in lifestyle, such as eating less beef and not flying half-way around the world for a holiday or business meeting. With intense political wrangling over the high-level policy summary, some fear the message will have been watered down. Also read | UN peacekeepers deployed to northeastern Mali amid spate of killings "The climate crisis is accelerating and fossil fuels are the overwhelming cause. Any report on mitigation that fails to emphasise that fact is denying the very science to which the IPCC is committed," said Nikki Reisch of the Center for International Environmental Law. The report's finding will feed into UN political negotiations, which resume in November in Egypt at COP 27.

UN to release handbook of climate change solutions

For months now climate activists and global bodies have been sounding an alarm over climate change calling for urgent climate action. The United Nations has in the latest said that the impact of global warming is now simply irreversible and that there is still a brief window of time to avoid the very worst.

IPCC scientists to examine carbon removal

The world needs to launch a "transformation" to curb global warming, a top researcher behind an upcoming UN report on&nbsp;climate&nbsp;solutions said, adding that it is&nbsp;never&nbsp;to&nbsp;late&nbsp;to act.

In a United Nations assessment in February dubbed an "atlas of human suffering", experts laid out in devastating detail the past, present and future impacts of&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change on people and the planet they depend on.&nbsp;

Science now considers it unequivocal that humans are responsible for this accelerating climatic upheaval, and the next report by the Intergovernmental Panel on&nbsp;Climate&nbsp;Change (IPCC), expected in early April, focuses on how we might get ourselves out of the mess we created.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/wion-climate-summit-denmarks-ambassador-to-india-emphasised-the-need-of-individual-responsibility-462688">WION Climate Summit | Denmark's Ambassador to India stresses the need for individual responsibility</a>

To do that the world must find a way to drastically cut the amount of planet-warming gases pumped into the atmosphere.&nbsp;

"We are talking about the large-scale transformation of all the major systems: energy, transport, infrastructure, buildings, agriculture and food,"&nbsp;climate&nbsp;economist Celine Guivarch told AFP.&nbsp;

The war in Ukraine not only shows the world’s "great dependence on fossil fuels", particularly responsible for&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change, but it also could be an opportunity to make the right choices, she said.

"We are at a crossroads and depending on the decisions taken, we can contribute to making the problem of&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change worse or to find answers", said Guivarch.&nbsp;

But to reach carbon neutrality by mid-century, major changes must be started now, said the researcher at the International Centre for Research on the Environment and Development.&nbsp;

That is in part because of the inertia in human systems -- like the time it takes to build new infrastructure -- and natural ones, because CO2 remains in the atmosphere for several centuries.

Never&nbsp;too&nbsp;late

According to the UN, emissions must be slashed almost in half by 2030 to have a hope of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial era, the most ambitious Paris Agreement goal.&nbsp;

But emissions are still on the rise.&nbsp;

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/thousands-protest-in-france-to-call-for-more-attention-towards-climate-461810">Thousands protest in France to call for more attention towards climate</a>

Despite the urgency, some still want to do nothing.&nbsp;

"We hardly hear&nbsp;climate-sceptic commentary anymore, but there is this new 'delay discourse'," said Guivarch.&nbsp;

"They recognise that there is&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change and that it is of human origin, but they seek to justify minimal&nbsp;action&nbsp;or no&nbsp;action."

Some suggest waiting for future technological solutions to be deployed in 10, 20 or 30 years.&nbsp;&nbsp;

And people, companies and even nations may argue that since their emissions are dwarfed by bigger polluters, it is useless to take&nbsp;action.&nbsp;

Others shrug at the signs that&nbsp;climate&nbsp;change is ramping up extreme events and say it is&nbsp;too&nbsp;late&nbsp;to do anything about it.&nbsp;&nbsp;

"This is wrong," said Guivarch, adding that every fraction of a degree increases the impacts and multiplies the risks.&nbsp;

So, "it is&nbsp;never&nbsp;too&nbsp;late&nbsp;to act, because all greenhouse gas emissions avoided, stave off impacts and risks".&nbsp;

But she does not minimise the challenges ahead.&nbsp;

To trigger a real economic transformation will require bringing on board "the whole of society, businesses, citizens", while focusing investments on solutions and away from fossil fuels.&nbsp;

While awareness has grown since the Paris deal was signed in 2015 and decision-makers are increasingly embracing the subject, she said there is still a lack of understanding of the "orders of magnitude, the speed and the extent of the transformation that we are talking about". &nbsp;&nbsp;

"Collectively on a global scale, the actions are not up to the challenge," said Guivarch.

Watch |&nbsp;Wion Climate Summit: Where do we find the money to fund climate change?

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/wion-climate-summit-where-do-we-find-the-money-to-fund-climate-change-462644/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

The world needs to launch a "transformation" to curb global warming, a top researcher behind an upcoming UN report on climate solutions said, adding that it is never to late to act.

The world needs to launch a "transformation" to curb global warming, a top researcher behind an upcoming UN report on climate solutions said, adding that it is never to late to act. In a United Nations assessment in February dubbed an "atlas of human suffering", experts laid out in devastating detail the past, present and future impacts of climate change on people and the planet they depend on. Science now considers it unequivocal that humans are responsible for this accelerating climatic upheaval, and the next report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), expected in early April, focuses on how we might get ourselves out of the mess we created. Also read | WION Climate Summit | Denmark's Ambassador to India stresses the need for individual responsibility To do that the world must find a way to drastically cut the amount of planet-warming gases pumped into the atmosphere. "We are talking about the large-scale transformation of all the major systems: energy, transport, infrastructure, buildings, agriculture and food," climate economist Celine Guivarch told AFP. The war in Ukraine not only shows the world’s "great dependence on fossil fuels", particularly responsible for climate change, but it also could be an opportunity to make the right choices, she said. "We are at a crossroads and depending on the decisions taken, we can contribute to making the problem of climate change worse or to find answers", said Guivarch. But to reach carbon neutrality by mid-century, major changes must be started now, said the researcher at the International Centre for Research on the Environment and Development. That is in part because of the inertia in human systems -- like the time it takes to build new infrastructure -- and natural ones, because CO2 remains in the atmosphere for several centuries. Never too late According to the UN, emissions must be slashed almost in half by 2030 to have a hope of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial era, the most ambitious Paris Agreement goal. But emissions are still on the rise. Also read | Thousands protest in France to call for more attention towards climate Despite the urgency, some still want to do nothing. "We hardly hear climate-sceptic commentary anymore, but there is this new 'delay discourse'," said Guivarch. "They recognise that there is climate change and that it is of human origin, but they seek to justify minimal action or no action." Some suggest waiting for future technological solutions to be deployed in 10, 20 or 30 years. And people, companies and even nations may argue that since their emissions are dwarfed by bigger polluters, it is useless to take action. Others shrug at the signs that climate change is ramping up extreme events and say it is too late to do anything about it. "This is wrong," said Guivarch, adding that every fraction of a degree increases the impacts and multiplies the risks. So, "it is never too late to act, because all greenhouse gas emissions avoided, stave off impacts and risks". But she does not minimise the challenges ahead. To trigger a real economic transformation will require bringing on board "the whole of society, businesses, citizens", while focusing investments on solutions and away from fossil fuels. While awareness has grown since the Paris deal was signed in 2015 and decision-makers are increasingly embracing the subject, she said there is still a lack of understanding of the "orders of magnitude, the speed and the extent of the transformation that we are talking about". "Collectively on a global scale, the actions are not up to the challenge," said Guivarch. Watch | Wion Climate Summit: Where do we find the money to fund climate change?

Never too late for 'transformational' climate action: UN report

United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has warned that humanity is not doing enough to limit the effects of climate change. IPCC noted that nearly half of the world population was already vulnerable to increasingly dangerous climate impacts.

Through its report, the IPCC has called for drastic action on huge scale. A third to a half of the planet needs to be conserved to ensure future food and freshwater supplies. Coastal cities need plans to keep people safe from storms and rising seas. And more.

"Adaptation saves lives," UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said with the report's release. "As climate impacts worsen – and they will – scaling up investments will be essential for survival... Delay means death."

The 3,675-page report, the latest in a series by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), details the global consensus on climate science. This report, however, focuses on how nature and societies are being affected and what they can do to adapt.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine overshadowed the release of the report and drove the sole Ukrainian author to leave the proceedings to take shelter, although a government representative did attend its final approval by nearly 200 nations.

British, Spanish and Egyptian officials said the report was a call to action. U.S. Climate Envoy John Kerry lamented that too little has been done to adapt to climate change and said the report offered a "blueprint for action".

"Denial and delay are not strategies, they are a recipe for disaster," Kerry said in a statement.

TOUGH CHOICES

On nearly all counts, the report makes clear that climate change is impacting the world far faster than scientists had anticipated. Meanwhile, countries have failed to rein in planet-warming carbon emissions, which continue to rise.

"Unchecked carbon pollution is forcing the world's most vulnerable on a frogmarch to destruction," Guterres said in a video address Monday. "The facts are undeniable. This abdication of leadership is criminal."

While governments need to drastically curb their emissions to prevent runaway global warming, they can also work to limit suffering by adapting to the conditions of a warmer world, the report says.

That will take a lot of money - to finance new technologies and institutional support. Cities can invest in cooling areas to help people through heatwaves. Coastal communities may need new infrastructure or to relocate altogether.

"The scale of transformation that we need is unprecedented in human history," said Zinta Zommers, a report review editor with the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has warned that humanity is not doing enough to limit the effects of climate change. IPCC noted that nearly half of the world population was already vulnerable to increasingly dangerous climate impacts.

United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has warned that humanity is not doing enough to limit the effects of climate change. IPCC noted that nearly half of the world population was already vulnerable to increasingly dangerous climate impacts. Through its report, the IPCC has called for drastic action on huge scale. A third to a half of the planet needs to be conserved to ensure future food and freshwater supplies. Coastal cities need plans to keep people safe from storms and rising seas. And more. "Adaptation saves lives," UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said with the report's release. "As climate impacts worsen – and they will – scaling up investments will be essential for survival... Delay means death." The 3,675-page report, the latest in a series by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), details the global consensus on climate science. This report, however, focuses on how nature and societies are being affected and what they can do to adapt. Russia's invasion of Ukraine overshadowed the release of the report and drove the sole Ukrainian author to leave the proceedings to take shelter, although a government representative did attend its final approval by nearly 200 nations. British, Spanish and Egyptian officials said the report was a call to action. U.S. Climate Envoy John Kerry lamented that too little has been done to adapt to climate change and said the report offered a "blueprint for action". "Denial and delay are not strategies, they are a recipe for disaster," Kerry said in a statement. TOUGH CHOICES On nearly all counts, the report makes clear that climate change is impacting the world far faster than scientists had anticipated. Meanwhile, countries have failed to rein in planet-warming carbon emissions, which continue to rise. "Unchecked carbon pollution is forcing the world's most vulnerable on a frogmarch to destruction," Guterres said in a video address Monday. "The facts are undeniable. This abdication of leadership is criminal." While governments need to drastically curb their emissions to prevent runaway global warming, they can also work to limit suffering by adapting to the conditions of a warmer world, the report says. That will take a lot of money - to finance new technologies and institutional support. Cities can invest in cooling areas to help people through heatwaves. Coastal communities may need new infrastructure or to relocate altogether. "The scale of transformation that we need is unprecedented in human history," said Zinta Zommers, a report review editor with the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

UN climate report calls for immediate, drastic action

Australia's conservative prime minister rejected growing calls Tuesday to adopt more&nbsp;ambitious&nbsp;emissions&nbsp;targets,&nbsp;insisting the country was doing enough to tackle <a href="https://www.wionews.com/topics/climate-change">climate change</a>.

Hours after a landmark UN climate report warned catastrophic global warming is occurring far more quickly than previously forecast, Prime Minister Scott Morrison signalled he would not adopt a net-zero target.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/sustainable-development-report-ranks-australia-last-on-climate-action-395157">Sustainable development report ranks Australia last on climate action</a>

"Australia&nbsp;is doing its part," Morrison said. "I won't be signing a blank cheque on behalf of Australians to&nbsp;targets&nbsp;without plans."

Australia&nbsp;is at the forefront of the global climate crisis, as one of the world's largest fossil fuel exporters and the victim of multiple climate-worsened disasters.

In recent years, the country has suffered intense droughts, the largest bushfires in its recorded history, floods and coastal erosion among other disasters.

But ahead of a major climate summit later this year, Morrison has rejected calls -- including from allies such as the United States,&nbsp;to adopt a formal target for reducing or offsetting carbon&nbsp;emissions.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/australias-greta-thunberg-steps-up-climate-change-activism-388693">'Australia's Greta Thunberg' steps up climate change activism</a>

Australia&nbsp;has suggested it will achieve net-zero carbon&nbsp;emissions&nbsp;"as soon as possible", and preferably by 2050, but has not made any commitments to do so.

Instead, Morrison sought to deflect focus onto developing countries and the need for new technology, which he said was key to solving the crisis.

"We need to take a different approach. We need to focus on the technological breakthroughs that are necessary to change the world, and how we operate," Morrison said.

Many politicians within Morrison's conservative coalition with close ties to the coal industry have denied climate change is happening or sought to play down the risks.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/climate-report-must-be-death-knell-for-fossil-fuels-un-chief-404307">Climate report must be 'death knell' for fossil fuels: UN chief</a>

Senator Matthew Canavan described the latest UN climate report as "fear porn" and said the panel that drafted it was always warning "the sky is falling in, and it never does".

The prime minister once brought a lump of coal onto the floor of parliament, urging people not to be scared of it.&nbsp;

His Liberal Party and&nbsp;Australia's opposition Labour party both support continued coal mining, despite global investment in the sector drying up and importers shifting to cleaner fuels.

Australia&nbsp;has one of the highest rates of&nbsp;emissions&nbsp;per capita in the rich world and is among the world's largest exporters of coal and natural gas.

It faces mounting political and economic pressure to act.

Both the United States and the European Union are moving toward imposing carbon import tariffs that could effectively sanction&nbsp;Australia&nbsp;and other countries shirking measures to tackle climate change.

One of the UN panel's authors, Mark Howden of Australian National University, said the Pacific region would be one of the worst affected by projected warming.

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/this-is-code-red-for-humanity-warns-un-climate-report-404384/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

"If we don't start to reduce our&nbsp;emissions&nbsp;significantly before 2050, the world is extremely likely to exceed two degrees Celsius of warming during the 21st century," he said.

"Global temperature rises will have serious impacts across the Pacific region. This includes dramatic and devastating sea level rise."

Australia's conservative prime minister rejected growing calls Tuesday to adopt more ambitious emissions targets, insisting the country was doing enough to tackle climate change.

Australia's conservative prime minister rejected growing calls Tuesday to adopt more ambitious emissions targets, insisting the country was doing enough to tackle climate change. Hours after a landmark UN climate report warned catastrophic global warming is occurring far more quickly than previously forecast, Prime Minister Scott Morrison signalled he would not adopt a net-zero target. Also read | Sustainable development report ranks Australia last on climate action "Australia is doing its part," Morrison said. "I won't be signing a blank cheque on behalf of Australians to targets without plans." Australia is at the forefront of the global climate crisis, as one of the world's largest fossil fuel exporters and the victim of multiple climate-worsened disasters. In recent years, the country has suffered intense droughts, the largest bushfires in its recorded history, floods and coastal erosion among other disasters. But ahead of a major climate summit later this year, Morrison has rejected calls -- including from allies such as the United States, to adopt a formal target for reducing or offsetting carbon emissions. Also read | 'Australia's Greta Thunberg' steps up climate change activism Australia has suggested it will achieve net-zero carbon emissions "as soon as possible", and preferably by 2050, but has not made any commitments to do so. Instead, Morrison sought to deflect focus onto developing countries and the need for new technology, which he said was key to solving the crisis. "We need to take a different approach. We need to focus on the technological breakthroughs that are necessary to change the world, and how we operate," Morrison said. Many politicians within Morrison's conservative coalition with close ties to the coal industry have denied climate change is happening or sought to play down the risks. Also read | Climate report must be 'death knell' for fossil fuels: UN chief Senator Matthew Canavan described the latest UN climate report as "fear porn" and said the panel that drafted it was always warning "the sky is falling in, and it never does". The prime minister once brought a lump of coal onto the floor of parliament, urging people not to be scared of it. His Liberal Party and Australia's opposition Labour party both support continued coal mining, despite global investment in the sector drying up and importers shifting to cleaner fuels. Australia has one of the highest rates of emissions per capita in the rich world and is among the world's largest exporters of coal and natural gas. It faces mounting political and economic pressure to act. Both the United States and the European Union are moving toward imposing carbon import tariffs that could effectively sanction Australia and other countries shirking measures to tackle climate change. One of the UN panel's authors, Mark Howden of Australian National University, said the Pacific region would be one of the worst affected by projected warming. "If we don't start to reduce our emissions significantly before 2050, the world is extremely likely to exceed two degrees Celsius of warming during the 21st century," he said. "Global temperature rises will have serious impacts across the Pacific region. This includes dramatic and devastating sea level rise."

'Won't be signing blank cheque': Australia rejects emissions targets despite damning UN report

Climate change was the day's top headline, but for years it was buried in page 10. So what changed today? The IPCC published what's being called a 'red code for humanity'. Palki Sharma tells you all about it.

Gravitas: IPCC sounds alarm on climate change

A bombshell climate science report "must sound a death knell" for coal, oil and gas, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said Monday, warning that fossil fuels were destroying the planet.

The Intergovernmental Panel on <a href="https://www.wionews.com/topics/climate-change">Climate Change</a> concluded that the 1.5C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement would likely be breached around 2030 -- a decade earlier than it itself projected just three years ago.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/upcoming-un-climate-report-presents-starkest-warning-yet-403984" hreflang="en">Upcoming UN climate report presents 'starkest warning yet'</a>

Guterres called the IPCC's assessment -- the most detailed review of climate science ever conducted -- "code red for humanity".

"This report must sound a death knell for coal and fossil fuels, before they destroy our planet," he said in a statement.

"Countries should also end all new fossil fuel exploration and production, and shift fossil fuel subsidies into renewable energy."

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/eus-copernicus-sentinel-3-releases-satellite-images-of-mega-drought-from-climate-change-403330" hreflang="en">EU's Copernicus Sentinel-3 releases satellite images of 'mega-drought' from climate change</a>

In its first major scientific assessment since 2014, the IPCC said that Earth's average surface temperature is projected to hit 1.5 or 1.6 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels at around 2030, no matter what trajectory greenhouse gas emissions take in the meantime.

By mid-century, the 1.5C threshold will have been breached across the board, by a tenth of a degree along the most ambitious pathway, and by nearly a full degree at the opposite extreme.

'The alarm bells are deafening'&nbsp;

In his most frontal assault yet on the fossil fuel industry that powers the global economy, Guterres said: "immediate action" was needed to decarbonise the energy sector.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/biden-to-set-target-of-half-of-us-car-sales-to-be-zero-emission-by-2030-white-house-403259" hreflang="en">Biden to set target of half of US car sales to be zero-emission by 2030: White House</a>

"The alarm bells are deafening, and the evidence is irrefutable: greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation are choking our planet and putting billions of people at immediate risk," said Guterres.

The Portuguese diplomat said keeping the 1.5C temperature goal in play meant that no new coal plants could be built and that all energy derived from burning coal must come from renewable sources by 2040.

Atmospheric levels of planet-warming CO2 are currently at their highest in at least the last two million years, with methane and nitrous oxide levels at their highest since 800,000 years ago.

Despite a record drop in carbon pollution last year driven by pandemic restrictions, the IPCC found "no detectable decrease" in the rate of greenhouse gas accumulation.

Also read |&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/a-carbon-calculation-how-many-deaths-do-emissions-cause-401587" hreflang="en">A carbon calculation: How many deaths do emissions cause?</a>

Guterres called on world leaders to ensure the COP26 climate summit in November leads to ramped up emissions cuts and finance to countries already dealing with the fallout from global heating.&nbsp;

"If we combine forces now, we can avert climate catastrophe," he said.&nbsp;

"But, as today's report makes clear, there is no time for delay and no room for excuses."

A bombshell climate science report "must sound a death knell" for coal, oil and gas, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said Monday, warning that fossil fuels were destroying the planet.

A bombshell climate science report "must sound a death knell" for coal, oil and gas, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said Monday, warning that fossil fuels were destroying the planet. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that the 1.5C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement would likely be breached around 2030 -- a decade earlier than it itself projected just three years ago. Also read | Upcoming UN climate report presents 'starkest warning yet' Guterres called the IPCC's assessment -- the most detailed review of climate science ever conducted -- "code red for humanity". "This report must sound a death knell for coal and fossil fuels, before they destroy our planet," he said in a statement. "Countries should also end all new fossil fuel exploration and production, and shift fossil fuel subsidies into renewable energy." Also read | EU's Copernicus Sentinel-3 releases satellite images of 'mega-drought' from climate change In its first major scientific assessment since 2014, the IPCC said that Earth's average surface temperature is projected to hit 1.5 or 1.6 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels at around 2030, no matter what trajectory greenhouse gas emissions take in the meantime. By mid-century, the 1.5C threshold will have been breached across the board, by a tenth of a degree along the most ambitious pathway, and by nearly a full degree at the opposite extreme. 'The alarm bells are deafening' In his most frontal assault yet on the fossil fuel industry that powers the global economy, Guterres said: "immediate action" was needed to decarbonise the energy sector. Also read | Biden to set target of half of US car sales to be zero-emission by 2030: White House "The alarm bells are deafening, and the evidence is irrefutable: greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation are choking our planet and putting billions of people at immediate risk," said Guterres. The Portuguese diplomat said keeping the 1.5C temperature goal in play meant that no new coal plants could be built and that all energy derived from burning coal must come from renewable sources by 2040. Atmospheric levels of planet-warming CO2 are currently at their highest in at least the last two million years, with methane and nitrous oxide levels at their highest since 800,000 years ago. Despite a record drop in carbon pollution last year driven by pandemic restrictions, the IPCC found "no detectable decrease" in the rate of greenhouse gas accumulation. Also read | A carbon calculation: How many deaths do emissions cause? Guterres called on world leaders to ensure the COP26 climate summit in November leads to ramped up emissions cuts and finance to countries already dealing with the fallout from global heating. "If we combine forces now, we can avert climate catastrophe," he said. "But, as today's report makes clear, there is no time for delay and no room for excuses."

Climate report must be 'death knell' for fossil fuels: UN chief

A report by Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group-I study issued on Monday stated that greater heat waves and droughts, increased rainfall events, and higher cyclonic activity are projected to occur across India and the subcontinent during the next several decades.&nbsp; 
 
<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/dixie-blaze-california-wildfire-becomes-second-worst-in-states-history-404173">In Pics:&nbsp;Dixie blaze: California wildfire becomes second-worst in state's history</a>

According to this frightening report on the condition of the world's climate, the fatal heat waves, floods, and droughts that are upending the lives of millions of people throughout the world will only grow worse as global temperatures continue to climb. &nbsp;

For the Indian subcontinent, the report stated, “the observed mean surface temperature increase has clearly emerged out of the range of internal variability compared to 1850-1900. Heat extremes have increased while cold extremes have decreased, and these trends will continue over the coming decades.” 
 
Watch: Dixie Wildfire, largest single blaze in California history

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/dixie-wildfire-largest-single-blaze-in-california-history-404174/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

According to the latest research by the WGI (Working Group I), the world would warm by 1.5 degrees Celsius in all scenarios. 
 
Even under the most aggressive emissions cut scenario, the temperature would rise to 1.5°C in the 2030s, overshoot to 1.6°C, and then fall to 1.4°C by the end of the century.&nbsp;

Warming over India is likely to follow the worldwide average, with an increase in the frequency and intensity of hot extremes, according to the IPCC study, which also forecasts a rise in annual mean precipitation.&nbsp;Rainfall the monsoon season is also expected to rise.

The most recent study includes a far better grasp of how people are unmistakably to blame for climate change that has occurred since pre-industrial times.

The scientists warn that there is clear doubt that human activities have warmed the globe and caused quick and broad changes, with some effects already locked in. &nbsp;

Without substantial, profound emissions reductions, the study predicts that the world would continue to suffer unprecedented change.&nbsp;

(With inputs from agencies)

A report by Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group-I study issued on Monday stated that greater heat waves and droughts, increased rainfall events, and higher cyclonic activity are projected to occur across India and the subcontinent during the next several decades.

A report by Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group-I study issued on Monday stated that greater heat waves and droughts, increased rainfall events, and higher cyclonic activity are projected to occur across India and the subcontinent during the next several decades. In Pics: Dixie blaze: California wildfire becomes second-worst in state's history According to this frightening report on the condition of the world's climate, the fatal heat waves, floods, and droughts that are upending the lives of millions of people throughout the world will only grow worse as global temperatures continue to climb. For the Indian subcontinent, the report stated, “the observed mean surface temperature increase has clearly emerged out of the range of internal variability compared to 1850-1900. Heat extremes have increased while cold extremes have decreased, and these trends will continue over the coming decades.” Watch: Dixie Wildfire, largest single blaze in California history According to the latest research by the WGI (Working Group I), the world would warm by 1.5 degrees Celsius in all scenarios. Even under the most aggressive emissions cut scenario, the temperature would rise to 1.5°C in the 2030s, overshoot to 1.6°C, and then fall to 1.4°C by the end of the century. Warming over India is likely to follow the worldwide average, with an increase in the frequency and intensity of hot extremes, according to the IPCC study, which also forecasts a rise in annual mean precipitation. Rainfall the monsoon season is also expected to rise. The most recent study includes a far better grasp of how people are unmistakably to blame for climate change that has occurred since pre-industrial times. The scientists warn that there is clear doubt that human activities have warmed the globe and caused quick and broad changes, with some effects already locked in. Without substantial, profound emissions reductions, the study predicts that the world would continue to suffer unprecedented change. (With inputs from agencies)

Deadly heat waves, floods, drought to occur across India, warns IPCC report from UN

The UN report on climate warned that global warming is on track to hit 1.5 degrees Celsius around 2030.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) said 1.5 Celcius warming threshold would be surpassed by 2050 even if fossil fuels were&nbsp;aggressively taken off.

<a href="https://www.wionews.com/photos/dixie-blaze-california-wildfire-becomes-second-worst-in-states-history-404173">In Pics:&nbsp;Dixie blaze: California wildfire becomes second-worst in state's history</a>

"It has been clear for decades that the Earth's climate is changing, and the role of human influence on the climate system is undisputed," Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group 1 co-chair Valerie Masson-Delmotte said.

The report said heatwaves, rainfall and droughts are "unprecedented in the observational record" as the climate body warned&nbsp;extreme weather would sweep&nbsp;the world.

"Climate report must be death knell for fossil fuels," the UN chief Guterres said.

The UN report said rising sea levels and the melting of Earth's frozen spaces are now "irreversible for centuries or millenia".

Nearly 1 billion people worldwide could swelter in more frequent life-threatening heat waves, the report said, adding, hundreds of millions more would struggle for water because of severe droughts with some animal and plant species becoming extent.

"The alarm bells are deafening&nbsp;and the evidence is irrefutable: greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation are choking our planet and putting billions of people at immediate risk," said Guterres.

Coral reefs, which sustain fisheries for large swaths of the globe, will suffer more frequent mass die-offs, the report warned.

The report said that if nations fail in their efforts, global average temperatures will keep rising potentially passing 2 degrees, 3 degrees or even 4 degrees Celsius compared with the preindustrial era.

The UK said the report was "a stark warning... that human activity is damaging the planet at an alarming rate".

(With inputs from Agencies) 
&nbsp;

The UN report on climate warned that global warming is on track to hit 1.5 degrees Celsius around 2030. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) said 1.

The UN report on climate warned that global warming is on track to hit 1.5 degrees Celsius around 2030. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) said 1.5 Celcius warming threshold would be surpassed by 2050 even if fossil fuels were aggressively taken off. In Pics: Dixie blaze: California wildfire becomes second-worst in state's history "It has been clear for decades that the Earth's climate is changing, and the role of human influence on the climate system is undisputed," Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group 1 co-chair Valerie Masson-Delmotte said. The report said heatwaves, rainfall and droughts are "unprecedented in the observational record" as the climate body warned extreme weather would sweep the world. "Climate report must be death knell for fossil fuels," the UN chief Guterres said. The UN report said rising sea levels and the melting of Earth's frozen spaces are now "irreversible for centuries or millenia". Nearly 1 billion people worldwide could swelter in more frequent life-threatening heat waves, the report said, adding, hundreds of millions more would struggle for water because of severe droughts with some animal and plant species becoming extent. "The alarm bells are deafening and the evidence is irrefutable: greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation are choking our planet and putting billions of people at immediate risk," said Guterres. Coral reefs, which sustain fisheries for large swaths of the globe, will suffer more frequent mass die-offs, the report warned. The report said that if nations fail in their efforts, global average temperatures will keep rising potentially passing 2 degrees, 3 degrees or even 4 degrees Celsius compared with the preindustrial era. The UK said the report was "a stark warning... that human activity is damaging the planet at an alarming rate". (With inputs from Agencies)

UN report warns more vicious floods, heatwaves, worsening droughts and rise in sea levels

Used and abused, oceans key to fighting climate change

World warned: Change now or endanger food and climate

The world must overhaul how it feeds itself and manages Earth's forests, pasture and resources in order to avoid food insecurity and the worst impacts of climate change, a landmark UN assessment said Thursday.&nbsp;

The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change warned that failure to act rapidly on reducing land degradation, food waste and agriculture's carbon footprint could challenge food systems and undermine efforts to head off disastrous global warming.&nbsp;

The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change on Thursday delivered the most comprehensive scientific overview yet of the links between the land we live off and global warming.

The report was compiled by more than 100 climate and land use scientists, drawing on thousands of data sets.

It depicts a world ravaged by humankind's insatiable appetite for food and natural resources.

Human activity is now imprinted on more than 70 per cent of all ice-free land on Earth; agriculture uses 70 per cent of the planet's freshwater.

At the same time, human activity is expanding the world's deserts, with the area of dryland experiencing drought increasing around 1 per cent each year.

Land, with its soil, vegetation and ability to reflect much of the Sun's heat, sucked up as much as 29 per cent of mankind's CO2 emissions in the decade to 2016.

But as temperatures rise across the globe, there are fears that absorption rate will slow.&nbsp;

The land is also a source of greenhouse gases, with agriculture, forestry and other activities accounting for 23 per cent of total net man-made emissions.

1.5C already? 

The IPCC sprung to global attention in 2018 with its assessment on how to limit global warming to 1.5C (2.6 Fahrenheit), as aimed for in the Paris climate deal.&nbsp;

It spelt out the need for drastic greenhouse gas emissions cuts achieved partly by a near-immediate fall in fossil fuel consumption.&nbsp;

Earth's surface has already heated 1C since pre-industrial times, but temperatures on land rise faster than in the ocean.&nbsp;

Thursday's report suggested that compared with the pre-industrial average, land temperatures have already risen 1.53C.

It highlighted an increased risk of crop vulnerability, land degradation and extreme weather events exacerbated by climate change, with women, children and the elderly at most immediate risk.

It also warned that the risk of food insecurity would go from "high" under 1.5C of warming, to "very high" under 2C.

Overweight, underfed

Between 25-30 per cent of all food produced is currently lost or wasted.&nbsp;

This waste comes amid an epoch of vastly heightened meat and fat consumption in wealthy nations, and indeed global per capita food calories have increased around one third since 1961.&nbsp;

Two billion adults are classified as overweight or obese, while at least 820 million people go to bed hungry every night.

Trade-offs

The report looks at ways that humanity can use land to combat climate change. It stresses the value of maintaining and even restoring forests to suck carbon from the atmosphere.

In addition, it runs the rule over bioenergy schemes, including as yet untested systems that use biomass to sequester greenhouse gases, and later get burned for energy as an alternative to fossil fuels.&nbsp;

But the area of land needed to keep to a 1.5-C limit varies in projections depending on global consumption patterns in the decades to come.&nbsp;

Even under a low-consumption trajectory, where populations rise slower than anticipated in a less resource-intensive world, a "high risk" of food insecurity occurs in the IPCC models at warming between 2.5-3.5C.&nbsp;

For a world on its current consumption path, that happens at just 1.3C.&nbsp;

The report warns that land given over to bioenergy at the scale required to scrub out global missions, could "increase risks for desertification, land degradation, food security and sustainable development".

Emissions reductions

The land use assessment repeats the 1.5C report warning that man-made greenhouse gas emissions need to start falling immediately in order to avoid "irreversible loss in land ecosystem functions and services required for food, health, habitable settlements and production".&nbsp; 
&nbsp;

The world must overhaul how it feeds itself and manages Earth's forests, pasture and resources in order to avoid food insecurity and the worst impacts of climate change, a landmark UN assessment said Thursday.

The world must overhaul how it feeds itself and manages Earth's forests, pasture and resources in order to avoid food insecurity and the worst impacts of climate change, a landmark UN assessment said Thursday. The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change warned that failure to act rapidly on reducing land degradation, food waste and agriculture's carbon footprint could challenge food systems and undermine efforts to head off disastrous global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change on Thursday delivered the most comprehensive scientific overview yet of the links between the land we live off and global warming. The report was compiled by more than 100 climate and land use scientists, drawing on thousands of data sets. It depicts a world ravaged by humankind's insatiable appetite for food and natural resources. Human activity is now imprinted on more than 70 per cent of all ice-free land on Earth; agriculture uses 70 per cent of the planet's freshwater. At the same time, human activity is expanding the world's deserts, with the area of dryland experiencing drought increasing around 1 per cent each year. Land, with its soil, vegetation and ability to reflect much of the Sun's heat, sucked up as much as 29 per cent of mankind's CO2 emissions in the decade to 2016. But as temperatures rise across the globe, there are fears that absorption rate will slow. The land is also a source of greenhouse gases, with agriculture, forestry and other activities accounting for 23 per cent of total net man-made emissions. 1.5C already? The IPCC sprung to global attention in 2018 with its assessment on how to limit global warming to 1.5C (2.6 Fahrenheit), as aimed for in the Paris climate deal. It spelt out the need for drastic greenhouse gas emissions cuts achieved partly by a near-immediate fall in fossil fuel consumption. Earth's surface has already heated 1C since pre-industrial times, but temperatures on land rise faster than in the ocean. Thursday's report suggested that compared with the pre-industrial average, land temperatures have already risen 1.53C. It highlighted an increased risk of crop vulnerability, land degradation and extreme weather events exacerbated by climate change, with women, children and the elderly at most immediate risk. It also warned that the risk of food insecurity would go from "high" under 1.5C of warming, to "very high" under 2C. Overweight, underfed Between 25-30 per cent of all food produced is currently lost or wasted. This waste comes amid an epoch of vastly heightened meat and fat consumption in wealthy nations, and indeed global per capita food calories have increased around one third since 1961. Two billion adults are classified as overweight or obese, while at least 820 million people go to bed hungry every night. Trade-offs The report looks at ways that humanity can use land to combat climate change. It stresses the value of maintaining and even restoring forests to suck carbon from the atmosphere. In addition, it runs the rule over bioenergy schemes, including as yet untested systems that use biomass to sequester greenhouse gases, and later get burned for energy as an alternative to fossil fuels. But the area of land needed to keep to a 1.5-C limit varies in projections depending on global consumption patterns in the decades to come. Even under a low-consumption trajectory, where populations rise slower than anticipated in a less resource-intensive world, a "high risk" of food insecurity occurs in the IPCC models at warming between 2.5-3.5C. For a world on its current consumption path, that happens at just 1.3C. The report warns that land given over to bioenergy at the scale required to scrub out global missions, could "increase risks for desertification, land degradation, food security and sustainable development". Emissions reductions The land use assessment repeats the 1.5C report warning that man-made greenhouse gas emissions need to start falling immediately in order to avoid "irreversible loss in land ecosystem functions and services required for food, health, habitable settlements and production".

In landmark assessment, UN body suggests ways to avoid food insecurity, worst impacts of climate change

Humanity's next test: Feeding 10 billion without ruining Earth

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