How hurricane categories forecast the scale of destruction
Category 1
Storms of this magnitude feature sustained wind speeds of 74-95 mph (119-153 kph). Considered "very dangerous," winds are capable of defacing home exteriors, snapping tree branches and causing days-long power outages. People, livestock and pets face some risk of injury or death.
Category 2
These storms have sustained winds of 96-110 mph (154-177 kph). Determined to be "extremely dangerous," winds can bring major damage to home exteriors, uproot trees that block roads and cause near-total power blackouts that could last weeks. A substantial risk of death is present.
Category 3
These major storms have sustained winds of 111-129 mph (178-208 kph). The winds are expected to cause "devastating damage" to buildings, including blown roofs, and uproot trees. In addition to lost power, water outages could occur from days to weeks after the storm passes. There is a high risk of death.
Category 4
Category 4 storms, such as Hurricane Ian, carry sustained winds of 130-156 mph (209-251 kph). Winds can cause "catastrophic damage" to homes, including destroyed roofs and exterior walls. In addition to fallen trees, downed power poles have potential to leave areas without power and uninhabitable for months. The risk of death or injury is considered very high.
Category 5
The highest designation given to hurricanes with sustained winds exceeding 157 mph (252 kph). Winds cause "catastrophic damage" that leave many homes destroyed and residential areas isolated due to downed trees and power poles. Given the extensive damage and loss of power, areas could be left unlivable for months. Risk of injury and death, even for those indoors, is very high.
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