Chandrayaan-3 vs Luna 25, What All You Need to Know 

What are the major challenges faced by ISRO in Chandrayaan-3 mission? 

The major challenge for ISRO is to navigate the long journey while Chandrayaan-3 enters the moon orbit and to make a successful landing on the lunar surface. 


How is ISRO planning to ensure a safe landing for Chandrayaan-3 on the lunar surface? 


ISRO Chairman S Somanath said the agency has ensured a proper touchdown of Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander this time. He explained that Vikram has been designed in such a way that it can make a soft landing even if all the sensors or engines fail. 


What are the differences between Luna 25 and Chandrayaan-3? 



Luna 25 is Russia’s first lunar landing mission launched on August 11, 2023. Chandrayaan-3 is India’s third lunar mission which was launched on July 14, 2023, and is on its journey to the moon.

How long will Luna 25 and Chandrayaan-3 stay on the moon?



Luna 25 will aim to operate for one year from the moon’s south pole. Chandrayaan-3 is expected to land on August 23, 2023, and will spend one lunar day which is equivalent to 14 Earth days.

What is the expected landing site for Luna 25 and Chandrayaan-3? 

Chandrayaan-3 and Luna 25, both missions aim to soft land on the lunar south pole. 

Chandrayaan-3 vs Luna 25, What All You Need to Know

 Pumpkin seeds are a powerhouse of nutrients. They help maintain blood sugar levels and improve fertility and heart health.  

These seeds are rich in antioxidants and also contain vitamin E. Antioxidants help in reducing inflammation and protect cells.


They contain plant compounds that prevent cancer


According to some studies, eating pumpkin seeds prevents the risk of breast cancer in women. The seeds have the potential to reduce the growth of cancer cells.


Pumpkin seeds are considered the best natural source of magnesium, which is a very important mineral for the human body as it helps in controlling blood pressure and reduces heart disease risk.

These seeds are a great source of fibre. A diet rich in fibre helps in maintaining heart health and reduces the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Pumpkin seeds help in relieving symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. It is a condition in which people suffer from the problem of urination because the prostate gland enlarges.

Including pumpkin seeds in your diet helps in improving sleep. These seeds are a natural source of tryptophan, an amino acid that improves sleep.

6 Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seeds

 Uric acid is a normal body waste product formed when chemicals called purines, a natural substance found in many foods, break down. The body gets rid of it through natural excretion methods. 

Avoiding or limiting the intake of purine-rich food will help in reducing the uric acid levels in the body. Purine-rich foods include red meat, fish, beer, etc. 


Sugar intake plays a very important role in the high levels of uric acid in the body. Reducing sugar intake will reduce the levels of uric acid. 

Drinking more water can help kidneys to flush out uric acid faster. 

According to research, alcohol can be a trigger for high levels of uric acid. Alcohol increases the production of purine in the body which results in high uric acid. 

Eating fibre helps in the reduction of uric acid levels. It also helps in balancing blood sugar and insulin levels. Generally, adults should aim to consume 22 to 23 gm of fibre per day. 

 Ways to Reduce Uric Acid in Your Body

Top 10 Most Visited Websites in India

For many people, a pen is something from which ink flows, usually bought cheap. Generally we don’t think much about pens but many collectors and aficionados think differently. Here is a list of several luxury pens around the globe.

7. Prince Rainier III Limited Edition 81


Prince Rainier III was designed by Montblanc in the year 2005. The pen made its appearance in 2007 at a charity function in Monte Carlo and was sold for $256,000.


This luxury piece was created by Montblanc, Van Cleef and Arpels. This pen was created with 30 carats of gems and was sold for $730,000.

Jewelery designer Anita Tan made just eight pieces of this pen. The pen is adorned with 1,888 diamonds which weigh around 48 carats. The pen was valued at $1 million.

4. The 1010 Diamonds Limited Edition Fountain Pen

 Caran d’Ache, a Swiss manufacturer, designed this pen with more than 850 diamonds. 
This luxury pen was designed to pay tribute to watch dials.

It is one of the most exclusive pens, made once per year. The pen is designed with 30 carats of diamonds and has a value of about $1.28 million.

This luxury pen is designed by Montblanc. It is designed with 18-carat white gold and 1,400 diamonds. It is the second-most-expensive pen and costs about $1.5 million.

Created by Tibaldi, the pen is titled as the most expensive pen in the world. It is adorned with 945 black diamonds and 123 rubies. The pen was sold for $8 million in 2010.

7 Most Expensive Pens in the World

In 1976, NASA’s Viking 1 lander showed humans what a sunset looks like on the red planet, for the first time.




A Martian sunrise was captured by Viking 2 on June 14, 1978.

On May 9, 2005, NASA’s Spirit Mars rover captured the sun sinking below the rim of Gusev Crater on the red planet.


NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover captured the sun sinking below the Martian horizon in 2015.



NASA’s Insight Lander returned several views of Martian sunsets and sunrises in 2019, which were also captured as parts of the spacecraft on a dusty plain.

On Mars, the Sun looks two-third of the size we see on the Earth.

AI Imagines How Sun Looks from Mars

What India Looked Like from Chandrayaan-3, as per AI

Scientists and space enthusiasts around the nation are eagerly waiting for the successful landing of Chandrayaan-3. AI has imagined how India must have looked like from Chandrayaan-3 after it took off.



Chandrayaan-3, India’s third lunar mission, is very near to a successful landing.


ISRO recently shared a video of the moon as viewed by Chandrayaan-3 on August 6, 2023.

After successfully performing the orbit reduction manoeuvre on August 6, 2023, it is inching towards the moon.


According to ISRO, Chandrayaan-3 is expected to land on the lunar surface on August 23 and in-setu missions will be conducted for one lunar day (14 earth days).


If Chandrayaan-3 successfully lands on the moon's surface, India will become only the fourth country to do so and the first country to perform a soft landing near the south pole.

What India looked like from Chandrayaan-3, as per AI

What is Vitamin P & 5 Ways It Keeps You Healthy

Vitamin P is a term used for polyphenolic plant compounds called flavonoids. However, flavonoids are not vitamins.


Flavonoids, earlier known as vitamin P, are a group of yellow polyphenolic compounds found naturally in plant-based products like cocoa, tea, deep-coloured fruits, and wine.


Vitamin P, or flavonoids, acts as an antioxidant as it reduces or neutralises the production of unstable molecules called free radicals which can cause cell damage.


Consuming a flavonoid-rich diet helps lower the risk of chronic diseases. 

The antioxidant capabilities of flavonoids help in reducing inflammation and controlling blood pressure. It also helps in maintaining cholesterol levels.


Daily consumption of at least 300 mg of vitamin P can help prevent diabetes as it improves the utilisation of glucose and carbohydrates.

Flavonoids help in protecting the brain by reducing inflammation. According to studies, flavanols (a particular type of flavonoid), found in cocoa, can protect brain cells and improve brain health.

Some food items with high flavonoid content include onions, blueberries, bananas, citrus fruits, red wine, and dark chocolate.

Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in many aspects of health. It promotes better bones, the formation of Red Blood Cells, and increases energy levels. Here are the main benefits of B12  as reported by Healthline.

Formation of red blood cell,  prevention of anemia

Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in the formation of red blood cells. Therefore, low levels of Vitamin B12 hampers the growth of RBCs, and can cause anemia.


According to studies, Vitamin B12 is essential in fetus development. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 in mothers can lead to premature delivery or miscarriage.


Supports bone health, prevents osteoporosis

Adequate levels of Vitamin B12 are essential for maintaining healthy bones. Bone health is crucial to prevent the risk of osteoporosis.

Vitamin B12 helps prevent age-related macular degeneration, an eye disease that affects our central vision 

According to several studies, Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with memory loss in older adults.
It can help prevent brain atrophy but more conclusive research is needed to confirm this.

Vitamin B12 supplements can be the go-to product to increase energy levels.  All Vitamin B supplements are known for increased energy but there is no scientific evidence to support this claim.

6 Benefits of Vitamin B12

As scientists still explore the possibility of finding water on Mars, here are some AI-generated images of what it would be like to see water bodies on the planet, along with an update on the research so far.


According to NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ( MRO), Mars had rivers and water billions of years ago.


MRO has acquired information that Mars had water flowing through it around 2.5 billion years ago.

The shape of certain valleys provides a hint that water flowed on Mars.


Salt Deposits found recently provide the first mineral evidence, confirming river water flowed on the red planet.

Water on Mars is not similar to water on Earth.

Here, water is a combination of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen, but on Mars, it has Co2 mixed with it.

Water on Mars has evaporated a long time ago and there is no evidence of life. On Earth, where there is water, there is life.

AI Imagines Water On Mars

Amid Tomato Price Hike, Here Are 5 Best Tomato Substitutes

Tomato is a vital ingredient in cooking, but its prices are surging. Here are the five best alternatives to tomatoes.

Tamarind has a sweet-tangy flavour that resembles the taste of tomatoes. Tamarind pulp or paste can be used as an alternative during cooking.


Curd or plain yoghurt can be used to substitute tomatoes. Curd adds a sweet flavour and tartness to the dish.


Tomatoes are often used to thicken the curry, and gram flour can be a great replacement. Gram flour works wonders for thickening a curry and adding some flavour to it.

Mango powder or amchur also has a tangy and sweet flavour like tomatoes. Mango powder is affordable and used in various dishes.

Pumpkin puree is also a great substitute for tomato puree.

Performing breathing exercises daily reduces stress and keeps a person calm which helps improve the quality of sleep.

Breathing exercises help in maintaining blood pressure levels and prevent the chances of suffering a heart stroke.

Breathing exercises also help in the detoxification of the body. Carbon dioxide and toxic gases are released while performing these exercises.

Pranayama, in particular, promotes oxygen supply and increases the blood thrust which makes the skin glow.

Breathing exercises enhance the defence mechanism of the human body, thus improving immunity.

Breathing exercises are also associated with improved focus and concentration. They also enhance memory.


Doctors advise patients with chronic lung diseases, like Asthma, to do breathing exercises regularly. They help improve the functioning of the lungs.

7 Benefits of Breathing Exercises

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Zee News Rajasthan

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Wion Desk

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