<p>Indian firm Agnikul Cosmos is on its way to becoming the first in the country to privately design, develop and launch a liquid-fuelled rocket.</p>

<p>Liquid-fuelled rockets are much more complicated to design and build, when compared to solid-fuelled rockets.</p>

<p>Agnikul is targeting to launch their maiden rocket known as 'Agnibaan SOrTeD' (SubOrbital Technological Demonstrator) within a few weeks, the firm said.</p>

<p>Suborbital launches are meant to take the vehicle to the earth's upper atmosphere and not venture into space. Suborbital launches are the preferred method for startups to test and validate their maiden rocket, related sub-systems and thereby progress to more ambitious launch vehicle projects.</p>

<p>According to the firm, 'Agnibaan SOrTeD' is a single-stage launch vehicle driven by Agnikul’s patented Agnilet engine- an entirely 3D-printed, single-piece, 6kN semi-cryogenic engine.</p>

<p>Unlike traditional (solid-fuelled) sounding rockets that launch from guide rails, Agnibaan SOrTeD will lift off vertically and follow a predetermined trajectory while performing a precisely orchestrated set of manoeuvres during flight, they added.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In the presence of ISRO and IN-SPACe officials, members of the Agnikul team unveiled their launch vehicle at Agnikul's Mission Control Centre (AMCC), in the Indian Government-run spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre.</p>

<p>Notably, Agnikul also has India's first private rocket launch pad, housed within the same campus.</p>

<p>“Delighted to see the progress Agnikul team has made so far. They have our best wishes to have a successful first flight and further activities”, said A. Rajarajan, Director of SDSC-SHAR, at the event where the vehicle was unveiled.</p>

<p>According to&nbsp;Srinath Ravichandran, co-founder and CEO of Agnikul, this upcoming suborbital launch is meant to validate Agnikul's proprietary autopilot, navigation, and guidance algorithms and the capability of their launchpad to undertake more complex missions.</p>

<p>Moin SPM, co-founder and COO of Agnikul, said, “Building a launch vehicle entails the integration of diverse systems, and coming together of various teams spanning different disciplines uniting towards a common goal. This vehicle standing on the launchpad is a testament of everyone’s hard work in the team.”</p>

<p>Agnikul was established in 2017 by Srinath Ravichandran, Moin SPM, and Prof. SR Chakravarthy, who hail from IIT Madras.</p>

<p>The firm’s primary objective is to democratise space exploration by making it both accessible and cost-effective.</p>

<p>The firm had been targeting a maiden launch by September 2022, but owing to the complexities and engineering sophistication involved in kerosene-liquid oxygen rockets, the firm has overshot their initial target by a year.</p>

<p>Notably, this will be the first kerosene-liquid oxygen (semi-cryogenic) rocket to be designed, developed and launched from India.</p>

<p>Meanwhile, the Indian space agency ISRO is also testing its own semi-cryogenic engine, but its engine is exponentially more powerful and sophisticated than that of the private firm.</p>

<p>ISRO's SCE-2000 is meant to significantly enhance the lifting power of India's LVM3 rocket.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

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Indian firm Agnikul Cosmos is on its way to becoming the first in the country to privately design, develop and launch a liquid-fuelled rocket. Liquid-fuelled rockets are much more complicated to design and build, when compared to solid-fuelled rockets.

Indian firm Agnikul Cosmos is on its way to becoming the first in the country to privately design, develop and launch a liquid-fuelled rocket. Liquid-fuelled rockets are much more complicated to design and build, when compared to solid-fuelled rockets. Agnikul is targeting to launch their maiden rocket known as 'Agnibaan SOrTeD' (SubOrbital Technological Demonstrator) within a few weeks, the firm said. Suborbital launches are meant to take the vehicle to the earth's upper atmosphere and not venture into space. Suborbital launches are the preferred method for startups to test and validate their maiden rocket, related sub-systems and thereby progress to more ambitious launch vehicle projects. According to the firm, 'Agnibaan SOrTeD' is a single-stage launch vehicle driven by Agnikul’s patented Agnilet engine- an entirely 3D-printed, single-piece, 6kN semi-cryogenic engine. Unlike traditional (solid-fuelled) sounding rockets that launch from guide rails, Agnibaan SOrTeD will lift off vertically and follow a predetermined trajectory while performing a precisely orchestrated set of manoeuvres during flight, they added. In the presence of ISRO and IN-SPACe officials, members of the Agnikul team unveiled their launch vehicle at Agnikul's Mission Control Centre (AMCC), in the Indian Government-run spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre. Notably, Agnikul also has India's first private rocket launch pad, housed within the same campus. “Delighted to see the progress Agnikul team has made so far. They have our best wishes to have a successful first flight and further activities”, said A. Rajarajan, Director of SDSC-SHAR, at the event where the vehicle was unveiled. According to Srinath Ravichandran, co-founder and CEO of Agnikul, this upcoming suborbital launch is meant to validate Agnikul's proprietary autopilot, navigation, and guidance algorithms and the capability of their launchpad to undertake more complex missions. Moin SPM, co-founder and COO of Agnikul, said, “Building a launch vehicle entails the integration of diverse systems, and coming together of various teams spanning different disciplines uniting towards a common goal. This vehicle standing on the launchpad is a testament of everyone’s hard work in the team.” Agnikul was established in 2017 by Srinath Ravichandran, Moin SPM, and Prof. SR Chakravarthy, who hail from IIT Madras. The firm’s primary objective is to democratise space exploration by making it both accessible and cost-effective. The firm had been targeting a maiden launch by September 2022, but owing to the complexities and engineering sophistication involved in kerosene-liquid oxygen rockets, the firm has overshot their initial target by a year. Notably, this will be the first kerosene-liquid oxygen (semi-cryogenic) rocket to be designed, developed and launched from India. Meanwhile, the Indian space agency ISRO is also testing its own semi-cryogenic engine, but its engine is exponentially more powerful and sophisticated than that of the private firm. ISRO's SCE-2000 is meant to significantly enhance the lifting power of India's LVM3 rocket. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Agnikul Cosmos to soon launch India's first kerosene-oxygen-powered rocket

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<p>As the Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-3 entered its third and final phase, the Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander has now taken over the reins of the high-profile mission. Around 1 pm IST, on Thursday (August 17), the Indian space agency ISRO announced that the Chandrayaan-3 integrated spacecraft had separated into two parts - the propulsion module and the lander module.</p>

<p>While the propulsion module continues to orbit the moon for a few years, the lander module is headed towards the Lunar surface, in preparation for its lunar soft-landing scheduled for August 23.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"LM is successfully separated from the Propulsion Module (PM). LM is set to descend to a slightly lower orbit upon a deboosting planned for tomorrow around 1600 Hrs., IST," ISRO tweeted.&nbsp;</p>

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<p dir="ltr" lang="en">The most-anticipated Divorce case in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/india?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#india</a><br />
<br />
Propulsion module vs Vikram lander...After a harmonious 34day journey in <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/space?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#space</a>, propulsion module which got both of them till the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/moon?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#moon</a>, will separate from the lander<br />
<br />
Perhaps, around noon today🤞<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/isro?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#isro</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Chandrayaan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Chandrayaan</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/tech?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#tech</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/science?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#science</a> <a href="https://t.co/VwjRUQRx2a">pic.twitter.com/VwjRUQRx2a</a></p>
— Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) <a href="https://twitter.com/sdhrthmp/status/1692038761281179939?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 17, 2023</a></blockquote>
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<p>With the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module included, India now has three of its crafts circling the moon. This includes Chandrayaan-1 (defunct), Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module. India commenced its lunar exploration journey in 2008 with Chandrayaan-1 and then followed it up with Chandrayaan-2 in 2019, and Chandrayaan-3 in July this year.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-just-a-week-away-from-lunar-soft-landing-625932"><strong>Also read |&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3 just a week away from lunar soft landing</strong></a></p>

<h2><strong>Four vehicles in Chandrayaan-3 mission&nbsp;</strong></h2>

<p>Any spacefaring mission is like a relay race — there are many performers and each one completes their task and hands over to the next. On July 14, the LVM3 rocket was the vehicle that carried the 3.9-tonne spacecraft (comprising the propulsion module, lander and rover) into the earth's orbit. Performing its task in about 16 minutes, India's largest rocket injected the satellites into the desired orbit.</p>

<p>Then on, the craft's propulsion module gradually pushed and steered the craft away from the Earth, using its onboard engines. Until July 31, the craft orbited the earth and then fired its engines to gain more velocity, pushing itself to rendezvous with the moon in a few days (lunar transfer trajectory). On August 5, the craft reached the vicinity of the moon and fired its engines to slow itself down, reduce its orbit and get captured by lunar gravity.&nbsp;</p>

<p>From August 5 till August 17, the craft has been circling the moon. Once in a few days, the craft retro-fired its engines to slow down and reduce its orbit and get closer to the lunar surface. On Thursday, as the craft was in a 153 km x 163 km orbit, the propulsion module and lander module separated. This means that the propulsion module has completed its core task of getting the craft into an orbit around the moon.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chandrayaan-3-to-land-on-the-moon-on-august-23-626135"><strong>Watch |&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3 to land on the moon on August 23</strong></a></p>

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<p>Henceforth, it will be the responsibility of the Vikram lander to test its cameras, sensors and engines, as it prepares for a lunar soft landing. The lander craft will commence reducing its orbit on Friday (August 18) and eventually cut down its velocity from a few kilometres/second to one metre/second, which is the ideal speed for lunar soft-landing.&nbsp;</p>

<p>After the successful soft landing, the lander is meant to open its ramp and allow the 'Pragyan' rover to roll out onto the lunar surface. In close coordination with each other, the lander, rover and propulsion module would then carry out their respective scientific tasks and send their data back to Earth.</p>

<p>As far as the lander and rover are concerned, ISRO is looking at an operational life of one lunar day or two weeks on Earth. However, after the lunar night passes and the new dawn breaks, when the sunlight is available, it is possible that the lander and rover come back to life.&nbsp;</p>

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As the Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-3 entered its third and final phase, the Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander has now taken over the reins of the high-profile mission.

As the Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-3 entered its third and final phase, the Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander has now taken over the reins of the high-profile mission. Around 1 pm IST, on Thursday (August 17), the Indian space agency ISRO announced that the Chandrayaan-3 integrated spacecraft had separated into two parts - the propulsion module and the lander module. While the propulsion module continues to orbit the moon for a few years, the lander module is headed towards the Lunar surface, in preparation for its lunar soft-landing scheduled for August 23. "LM is successfully separated from the Propulsion Module (PM). LM is set to descend to a slightly lower orbit upon a deboosting planned for tomorrow around 1600 Hrs., IST," ISRO tweeted. The most-anticipated Divorce case in #india Propulsion module vs Vikram lander...After a harmonious 34day journey in #space, propulsion module which got both of them till the #moon, will separate from the lander Perhaps, around noon today🤞#isro #Chandrayaan #tech #science pic.twitter.com/VwjRUQRx2a — Sidharth.M.P (@sdhrthmp) August 17, 2023 × With the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module included, India now has three of its crafts circling the moon. This includes Chandrayaan-1 (defunct), Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and the Chandrayaan-3 propulsion module. India commenced its lunar exploration journey in 2008 with Chandrayaan-1 and then followed it up with Chandrayaan-2 in 2019, and Chandrayaan-3 in July this year. Also read | Chandrayaan-3 just a week away from lunar soft landing Four vehicles in Chandrayaan-3 mission Any spacefaring mission is like a relay race — there are many performers and each one completes their task and hands over to the next. On July 14, the LVM3 rocket was the vehicle that carried the 3.9-tonne spacecraft (comprising the propulsion module, lander and rover) into the earth's orbit. Performing its task in about 16 minutes, India's largest rocket injected the satellites into the desired orbit. Then on, the craft's propulsion module gradually pushed and steered the craft away from the Earth, using its onboard engines. Until July 31, the craft orbited the earth and then fired its engines to gain more velocity, pushing itself to rendezvous with the moon in a few days (lunar transfer trajectory). On August 5, the craft reached the vicinity of the moon and fired its engines to slow itself down, reduce its orbit and get captured by lunar gravity. From August 5 till August 17, the craft has been circling the moon. Once in a few days, the craft retro-fired its engines to slow down and reduce its orbit and get closer to the lunar surface. On Thursday, as the craft was in a 153 km x 163 km orbit, the propulsion module and lander module separated. This means that the propulsion module has completed its core task of getting the craft into an orbit around the moon. Watch | Chandrayaan-3 to land on the moon on August 23 × Henceforth, it will be the responsibility of the Vikram lander to test its cameras, sensors and engines, as it prepares for a lunar soft landing. The lander craft will commence reducing its orbit on Friday (August 18) and eventually cut down its velocity from a few kilometres/second to one metre/second, which is the ideal speed for lunar soft-landing. After the successful soft landing, the lander is meant to open its ramp and allow the 'Pragyan' rover to roll out onto the lunar surface. In close coordination with each other, the lander, rover and propulsion module would then carry out their respective scientific tasks and send their data back to Earth. As far as the lander and rover are concerned, ISRO is looking at an operational life of one lunar day or two weeks on Earth. However, after the lunar night passes and the new dawn breaks, when the sunlight is available, it is possible that the lander and rover come back to life. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Chandrayaan-3 mission: Two vehicles have done their job, two more to go

<p>American defence and aerospace giant Boeing has commenced production of the Apache AH-64E attack helicopters for the Indian Army in its facility in Mesa, Arizona.</p>

<p>In 2020, Boeing completed deliveries of 22 Apache E-model helicopters for the Indian Air Force and undertook the contract to manufacture six AH-64E helicopters for the Indian Army. The delivery of the Indian Army's Apaches is scheduled for 2024, the company said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The AH-64E is the contemporary version of the Apache AH-64A, which was delivered to India in 1984.</p>

<p>According to Boeing, more than 1,280 Apaches are in operation and they have accumulated over 5 million flight hours, which includes 1.3 million flight hours in combat.</p>

<p>The firm has delivered more than 2,700 AH-64 Apache attack helicopters, it said.</p>

<p>“The advanced technology and proven performance of the AH-64 will enhance the Indian Army's operational readiness and strengthen its defence capabilities,” said Salil Gupte, President, Boeing India.</p>

<p>In January this year, India-based Tata in a joint venture with Boeing, delivered the Indian Army's first AH-64 Apache fuselage from its advanced facility in Hyderabad. The fuselage is the central, tube-shaped structure of the aircraft.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/prime-minister-narendra-modi-pays-tribute-to-former-pm-atal-bihari-vajpayee-on-his-death-anniversary-625880">PM Modi pays tribute to former PM Vajpayee on his death anniversary</a></p>

<p>“The AH-64E continues to be the world’s premier attack helicopter,” said Christina Upah, vice president of Attack Helicopter Programmes and senior Boeing Mesa site executive.</p>

<p><strong>Also read |</strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/chandrayaan-3-just-a-week-away-from-lunar-soft-landing-625932">Chandrayaan-3 just a week away from lunar soft landing</a></p>

<p>“The AH-64 provides customers with unparalleled lethality and survivability, and we are thrilled to provide those capabilities to the Indian Army.”</p>

<p>Apart from the US and Indian armies, the Apaches are operated by the forces of Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, the Netherlands, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Greece and the UK.</p>

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American defence and aerospace giant Boeing has commenced production of the Apache AH-64E attack helicopters for the Indian Army in its facility in Mesa, Arizona.

American defence and aerospace giant Boeing has commenced production of the Apache AH-64E attack helicopters for the Indian Army in its facility in Mesa, Arizona. In 2020, Boeing completed deliveries of 22 Apache E-model helicopters for the Indian Air Force and undertook the contract to manufacture six AH-64E helicopters for the Indian Army. The delivery of the Indian Army's Apaches is scheduled for 2024, the company said. The AH-64E is the contemporary version of the Apache AH-64A, which was delivered to India in 1984. According to Boeing, more than 1,280 Apaches are in operation and they have accumulated over 5 million flight hours, which includes 1.3 million flight hours in combat. The firm has delivered more than 2,700 AH-64 Apache attack helicopters, it said. “The advanced technology and proven performance of the AH-64 will enhance the Indian Army's operational readiness and strengthen its defence capabilities,” said Salil Gupte, President, Boeing India. In January this year, India-based Tata in a joint venture with Boeing, delivered the Indian Army's first AH-64 Apache fuselage from its advanced facility in Hyderabad. The fuselage is the central, tube-shaped structure of the aircraft. Also read | PM Modi pays tribute to former PM Vajpayee on his death anniversary “The AH-64E continues to be the world’s premier attack helicopter,” said Christina Upah, vice president of Attack Helicopter Programmes and senior Boeing Mesa site executive. Also read | Chandrayaan-3 just a week away from lunar soft landing “The AH-64 provides customers with unparalleled lethality and survivability, and we are thrilled to provide those capabilities to the Indian Army.” Apart from the US and Indian armies, the Apaches are operated by the forces of Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, the Netherlands, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Greece and the UK. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Boeing starts production of Apache attack helicopters for Indian Army; delivery in 2024

<p>Around 8:30 am IST, Wednesday, ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 craft yet again retro-fired its engines while circling the moon. This 'reverse-firing' of the engine, slowed down the spacecraft and pushed it closer towards the moon. This engine firing brought the craft from a 150km x 177km orbit around the moon to a near-circular 153km x 163km orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Today’s successful firing, needed for a short duration, has put Chandrayaan-3 into an orbit of 153 km x 163 km, as intended.</p>

<p>"With this, the lunar-bound manoeuvres are completed. It’s time for preparations as the Propulsion Module and the Lander Module gear up for their separate journeys. Separation of the Lander Module from the Propulsion Module is planned for August 17, 2023," ISRO said in a statement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>On Thursday, August 17, the Chandrayaan-3 integrated spacecraft is expected to separate into two parts - the propulsion module and the Lander module. The propulsion module is the key portion of the craft that steered the 3.9-tonne spacecraft all the way from Earth's orbit to the lunar orbit and thereafter got the craft to its present orbit. Henceforth, the propulsion module will continue to be in its orbit, while the lander module continues its journey towards a lunar soft landing.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/georgia-governor-brian-kemp-takes-to-twitter-to-refute-donald-trumps-allegations-of-election-theft-625869">Georgia Governor Brian Kemp takes to Twitter to refute Donald Trump's allegations of election theft</a></p>

<p>Meanwhile, the sensors and engines on board the Lander module are to be tested. In the journey so far, ISRO has not tested these systems in space and now, as the craft is closer to the moon, these systems will be tested for their health and performance.</p>

<p>This includes the four 800 Newton throttleable engines (which are meant to help in slowing down and soft-landing the craft) and the various sensors that are meant to provide data about the craft's velocity, altitude, attitude (orientation), and other technical parameters. When the engines are test-fired, they will be commanded to fire in various combinations and similar to how it has to work during the lunar landing.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/hunter-bidens-lawyer-steps-down-to-testify-as-witness-in-doj-investigation-625865">Hunter Biden's lawyer steps down, to testify as witness in DOJ investigation</a></p>

<p>"During this process of engine testing, the orbit would reduce to 100km x 30km. The craft will remain in that orbit for around four days" M. Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION. ISRO hopes to execute the lunar soft-landing by 5:47 pm on Wednesday, 23&nbsp;August.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>The journey so far...</strong></h2>

<p>Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14&nbsp;July from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes after lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>On the intervening night of July 31&nbsp;and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence. Since then, the craft has been retro-firing its engines to slow itself down and lower its orbit.</p>

<h2><strong>Objectives of Chandrayaan-3</strong></h2>

<p>India's third&nbsp;lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander, and rover.</p>

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<p>The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments.&nbsp;</p>

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Around 8:30 am IST, Wednesday, ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 craft yet again retro-fired its engines while circling the moon. This 'reverse-firing' of the engine, slowed down the spacecraft and pushed it closer towards the moon.

Around 8:30 am IST, Wednesday, ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 craft yet again retro-fired its engines while circling the moon. This 'reverse-firing' of the engine, slowed down the spacecraft and pushed it closer towards the moon. This engine firing brought the craft from a 150km x 177km orbit around the moon to a near-circular 153km x 163km orbit. "Today’s successful firing, needed for a short duration, has put Chandrayaan-3 into an orbit of 153 km x 163 km, as intended. "With this, the lunar-bound manoeuvres are completed. It’s time for preparations as the Propulsion Module and the Lander Module gear up for their separate journeys. Separation of the Lander Module from the Propulsion Module is planned for August 17, 2023," ISRO said in a statement. On Thursday, August 17, the Chandrayaan-3 integrated spacecraft is expected to separate into two parts - the propulsion module and the Lander module. The propulsion module is the key portion of the craft that steered the 3.9-tonne spacecraft all the way from Earth's orbit to the lunar orbit and thereafter got the craft to its present orbit. Henceforth, the propulsion module will continue to be in its orbit, while the lander module continues its journey towards a lunar soft landing. Also Read | Georgia Governor Brian Kemp takes to Twitter to refute Donald Trump's allegations of election theft Meanwhile, the sensors and engines on board the Lander module are to be tested. In the journey so far, ISRO has not tested these systems in space and now, as the craft is closer to the moon, these systems will be tested for their health and performance. This includes the four 800 Newton throttleable engines (which are meant to help in slowing down and soft-landing the craft) and the various sensors that are meant to provide data about the craft's velocity, altitude, attitude (orientation), and other technical parameters. When the engines are test-fired, they will be commanded to fire in various combinations and similar to how it has to work during the lunar landing. Also Read | Hunter Biden's lawyer steps down, to testify as witness in DOJ investigation "During this process of engine testing, the orbit would reduce to 100km x 30km. The craft will remain in that orbit for around four days" M. Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION. ISRO hopes to execute the lunar soft-landing by 5:47 pm on Wednesday, 23 August. The journey so far... Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14 July from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes after lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit. On the intervening night of July 31 and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence. Since then, the craft has been retro-firing its engines to slow itself down and lower its orbit. Objectives of Chandrayaan-3 India's third lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander, and rover. Watch | Poland beefs defence amid Russia-Ukraine war × The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

Chandrayaan-3 just a week away from lunar soft landing

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<p>India's Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft has moved closer to the moon after performing its third lunar orbit reduction. This means that the craft has been&nbsp;gradually moved from a highly-elliptical orbit (174 km x 1437 km) to a near-circular orbit (150km x 177km) around the Moon. In an elliptical orbit, there is a huge difference between the craft's nearest point to the moon (perilune) and farthest point to the moon (apolune). In a near-circular orbit, there is a very minor difference between perilune and apolune.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Orbit circularisation phase commences. Precise maneuvre performed today has achieved a near-circular orbit of 150 km x 177 km. The next operation is planned for August 16, 2023, around 0830 hrs IST," ISRO posted on X, formerly known as Twitter.&nbsp;</p>

<p>ISRO's next target is to bring the craft to a circular orbit&nbsp;where the craft is 100 km above the lunar surface. This is what ISRO calls the orbit circularisation phase. When this orbit is achieved, the spacecraft will be at a constant 100 km distance above the moon, at any period of time in that orbit.</p>

<p>"When the craft is circling around the moon, a command is issued to re-orient the craft by 180 degrees. This re-orientation will ensure that the craft's engine(s) can be used as a brake. Such engine firings are known as retro-firings. In retro-firing, the engine is not pushing the craft forward. Instead, it is pushing the craft in a direction opposite to its original direction of movement and it will slow down the craft," Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, former director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, explained to WION.&nbsp;</p>

<p>When the craft was circling the earth, commands were issued to fire the engines and push the craft further away from the earth (orbit-raising manoeuvres). In those cases, the engine was fired to propel the craft forward and impart more velocity to it. In retro-firing (opposite firing), the engine firing is done in an opposite direction,&nbsp;thereby reducing&nbsp;the velocity of the craft and lowering its orbit. These are the fundamental differences between orbit-raising manoeuvres and orbit-reduction manoeuvres.</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/watch-isro-releases-video-of-the-moon-captured-by-chandrayaan-3-as-it-enters-lunar-orbit-622908">ISRO releases video of the moon captured by Chandrayaan-3 as it enters lunar orbit</a></strong></p>

<h2><strong>The journey so far</strong></h2>

<p>Chandrayaan-3 was launched on July 14 from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. 16 minutes after lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in the home planet's orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>On the intervening night of July 31 and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards lunar gravitational influence.</p>

<p>On August 6, the spacecraft performed its maiden Lunar orbit reduction manoeuvre. The second Lunar orbit reduction happened on August 9.&nbsp;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chandrayaan-3-now-within-moons-gravitational-orbit-india-isro-623261"><strong>Watch |&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3 now within moon's gravitational orbit | India | ISRO</strong></a></p>

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<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/isro-releases-majestic-images-of-earth-and-moon-captured-by-chandrayaan-3-624186#" id="jqclosemark">×</a></p>

<h2><strong>The journey that lies ahead</strong></h2>

<p>ISRO has said that the fourth orbit reduction manoeuvre is scheduled for 8:30 am IST, August 16.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"At the time of the lander separating from the propulsion module, the craft will be in a 100 km x100 km orbit. Many systems that are required to work for landing will be utilised and tested at that point. The craft will be in the orbital phase for 4-5 days,"&nbsp;Dr M. Sankaran, director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, told WION.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"So, we will carry out tests of the various systems. Four 800N throttleable engines (that are meant to help in slowing down the craft for landing) have to be test fired in different combinations, sensors on the lander will be oriented towards the propulsion module and tested for various performance parameters by getting a reflection back from it."</p>

<p>By the time the engine testing is complete, the craft will be brought to a 100 km x 30 km orbit, he added.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/opinions-blogs/isro-releases-majestic-images-of-earth-and-moon-captured-by-chandrayaan-3-624186" target="_blank"><strong>Also read | ISRO releases majestic images of Earth and Moon captured by Chandrayaan-3</strong></a></p>

<p>Thereafter, a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out&nbsp;in the run-up to the lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm IST on August 23.&nbsp;</p>

<p>ISRO Chairman Dr S Somnath has assured that the Vikram lander will be able to make a soft landing on the Moon's surface, come August 23. He added that the landing is certain even if all the sensors and two of its engines do not work. The Vikram lander is expected to descend on the moon on August 23.</p>

<p>"If everything fails, if all the sensors fail, nothing works, still it (Vikram) will make a landing. That's how it has been designed -- provided that the propulsion system works well," Somnath said.&nbsp;</p>

<h2><strong>Objectives of Chandrayaan-3</strong></h2>

<p>India's third lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 Earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE:&nbsp;</strong></p>

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India's Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft has moved closer to the moon after performing its third lunar orbit reduction. This means that the craft has been gradually moved from a highly-elliptical orbit (174 km x 1437 km) to a near-circular orbit (150km x 177km) around the Moon.

India's Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft has moved closer to the moon after performing its third lunar orbit reduction. This means that the craft has been gradually moved from a highly-elliptical orbit (174 km x 1437 km) to a near-circular orbit (150km x 177km) around the Moon. In an elliptical orbit, there is a huge difference between the craft's nearest point to the moon (perilune) and farthest point to the moon (apolune). In a near-circular orbit, there is a very minor difference between perilune and apolune. "Orbit circularisation phase commences. Precise maneuvre performed today has achieved a near-circular orbit of 150 km x 177 km. The next operation is planned for August 16, 2023, around 0830 hrs IST," ISRO posted on X, formerly known as Twitter. ISRO's next target is to bring the craft to a circular orbit where the craft is 100 km above the lunar surface. This is what ISRO calls the orbit circularisation phase. When this orbit is achieved, the spacecraft will be at a constant 100 km distance above the moon, at any period of time in that orbit. "When the craft is circling around the moon, a command is issued to re-orient the craft by 180 degrees. This re-orientation will ensure that the craft's engine(s) can be used as a brake. Such engine firings are known as retro-firings. In retro-firing, the engine is not pushing the craft forward. Instead, it is pushing the craft in a direction opposite to its original direction of movement and it will slow down the craft," Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, former director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, explained to WION. When the craft was circling the earth, commands were issued to fire the engines and push the craft further away from the earth (orbit-raising manoeuvres). In those cases, the engine was fired to propel the craft forward and impart more velocity to it. In retro-firing (opposite firing), the engine firing is done in an opposite direction, thereby reducing the velocity of the craft and lowering its orbit. These are the fundamental differences between orbit-raising manoeuvres and orbit-reduction manoeuvres. Also read: ISRO releases video of the moon captured by Chandrayaan-3 as it enters lunar orbit The journey so far Chandrayaan-3 was launched on July 14 from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. 16 minutes after lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in the home planet's orbit. On the intervening night of July 31 and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards lunar gravitational influence. On August 6, the spacecraft performed its maiden Lunar orbit reduction manoeuvre. The second Lunar orbit reduction happened on August 9. Watch | Chandrayaan-3 now within moon's gravitational orbit | India | ISRO × The journey that lies ahead ISRO has said that the fourth orbit reduction manoeuvre is scheduled for 8:30 am IST, August 16. "At the time of the lander separating from the propulsion module, the craft will be in a 100 km x100 km orbit. Many systems that are required to work for landing will be utilised and tested at that point. The craft will be in the orbital phase for 4-5 days," Dr M. Sankaran, director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, told WION. "So, we will carry out tests of the various systems. Four 800N throttleable engines (that are meant to help in slowing down the craft for landing) have to be test fired in different combinations, sensors on the lander will be oriented towards the propulsion module and tested for various performance parameters by getting a reflection back from it." By the time the engine testing is complete, the craft will be brought to a 100 km x 30 km orbit, he added. Also read | ISRO releases majestic images of Earth and Moon captured by Chandrayaan-3 Thereafter, a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out in the run-up to the lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm IST on August 23. ISRO Chairman Dr S Somnath has assured that the Vikram lander will be able to make a soft landing on the Moon's surface, come August 23. He added that the landing is certain even if all the sensors and two of its engines do not work. The Vikram lander is expected to descend on the moon on August 23. "If everything fails, if all the sensors fail, nothing works, still it (Vikram) will make a landing. That's how it has been designed -- provided that the propulsion system works well," Somnath said. Objectives of Chandrayaan-3 India's third lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 Earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments. WATCH WION LIVE HERE:

Explained | Chandrayaan-3 is just 150km above lunar surface. What does it mean?

<p>Having represented India in 300 international Hockey games, goalkeeper PR Sreejesh heads into an all-important 301st match, where India take on Malaysia in the finals of the Hockey Asian Champions Trophy(ACT) 2023. With the final scheduled for Saturday, August 12, the game will be India's chance to bag their fourth title, whereas it is the maiden ACT final for the Malaysian side. India earlier beat Malaysia 5-0 in the league game and will look for a repeat of the performance.</p>

<h2><strong>Sreejesh on milestone appearance</strong></h2>

<p>"During the game, I get to guide and remind our players about the strategy (defensive or attacking) and keep them positive. Sacrifice, discipline, focus, passion, and hard work have been behind success,” Sreejesh said in an exclusive conversation with WION’s Sidharth MP in Chennai.</p>

<p>Talking about his achievements thus far,&nbsp;he urges young players to maintain composure and not let highs or lows get to their heads and affect their game.&nbsp;Sreejesh also sees great potential in the young goalkeeping talent that India is honing.</p>

<p>The Malaysian and Indian sides are heading into the final, riding high on their thumping wins from Friday evening. Malaysia had defeated Korea 6-2, while India trounced Japan 5-0. Interestingly, Team India has remained undefeated throughout this edition of the ACT. Of the six games India has played so far, they have won five and drawn one (the first game against Japan).</p>

<p>Recalling his journey representing India in 300 International games, 35-year-old Sreejesh mentioned how he owes it all to the team and the game of hockey. Offering insights into his crucial role as both a goalie and an experienced player, Sreejesh said that the goalkeeper watches the game unfold in front of him and serves as the on-field coach.</p>

<p>Sharing his analysis of the India-Japan semi-final, Indian Head Coach Craig Fulton said, we did all that we wanted to do and played well.</p>

<p>"The skill and quality of our side came through in the India-Japan game. The best we can do is balance field goals and Penalty corners, we have a good, must-win final game against Malaysia" he added.</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |&nbsp;</strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/sports/his-character-impresses-us-happy-with-progress-paras-mhambrey-on-all-format-bowler-mukesh-kumar-624796">His character impresses us, happy with progress: Paras Mhambrey on all-format bowler Mukesh Kumar</a></p>

<p>Queried about what changed between the drawn game against Japan and the 5-0 Semifinal against Japan, he told WION, "At the start of the tournament, we had foreseen that we'd need about 5-6 days to settle and now we're in full flow. The team is full of confidence."</p>

<p>Regarding the team's preparations for the upcoming Asian Games in China, he told WION, "After this tournament, we'll fully assess all our recent performances. This will include our performances in the Pro League, Spanish games, and Asian Champions trophy."</p>

<p>India are the only team still unbeaten in the ongoing tournament as they look for a clean sweep. They will heavily rely on the services of Sreejesh and skipper Harmanpreet Singh who has scored eight goals in the tournament so far. The Indian team will look to develop momentum for the Olympics, which are less than a year away from now.</p>

<p>"Getting to enter the final is a different thing. We look forward to converting the chances we get into goals," India's captain Harmanpreet Singh said.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>WATCH WION LIVE HERE</strong></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

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<p>&nbsp;</p>

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Having represented India in 300 international Hockey games, goalkeeper PR Sreejesh heads into an all-important 301st match, where India take on Malaysia in the finals of the Hockey Asian Champions Trophy(ACT) 2023.

Having represented India in 300 international Hockey games, goalkeeper PR Sreejesh heads into an all-important 301st match, where India take on Malaysia in the finals of the Hockey Asian Champions Trophy(ACT) 2023. With the final scheduled for Saturday, August 12, the game will be India's chance to bag their fourth title, whereas it is the maiden ACT final for the Malaysian side. India earlier beat Malaysia 5-0 in the league game and will look for a repeat of the performance. Sreejesh on milestone appearance "During the game, I get to guide and remind our players about the strategy (defensive or attacking) and keep them positive. Sacrifice, discipline, focus, passion, and hard work have been behind success,” Sreejesh said in an exclusive conversation with WION’s Sidharth MP in Chennai. Talking about his achievements thus far, he urges young players to maintain composure and not let highs or lows get to their heads and affect their game. Sreejesh also sees great potential in the young goalkeeping talent that India is honing. The Malaysian and Indian sides are heading into the final, riding high on their thumping wins from Friday evening. Malaysia had defeated Korea 6-2, while India trounced Japan 5-0. Interestingly, Team India has remained undefeated throughout this edition of the ACT. Of the six games India has played so far, they have won five and drawn one (the first game against Japan). Recalling his journey representing India in 300 International games, 35-year-old Sreejesh mentioned how he owes it all to the team and the game of hockey. Offering insights into his crucial role as both a goalie and an experienced player, Sreejesh said that the goalkeeper watches the game unfold in front of him and serves as the on-field coach. Sharing his analysis of the India-Japan semi-final, Indian Head Coach Craig Fulton said, we did all that we wanted to do and played well. "The skill and quality of our side came through in the India-Japan game. The best we can do is balance field goals and Penalty corners, we have a good, must-win final game against Malaysia" he added. ALSO READ | His character impresses us, happy with progress: Paras Mhambrey on all-format bowler Mukesh Kumar Queried about what changed between the drawn game against Japan and the 5-0 Semifinal against Japan, he told WION, "At the start of the tournament, we had foreseen that we'd need about 5-6 days to settle and now we're in full flow. The team is full of confidence." Regarding the team's preparations for the upcoming Asian Games in China, he told WION, "After this tournament, we'll fully assess all our recent performances. This will include our performances in the Pro League, Spanish games, and Asian Champions trophy." India are the only team still unbeaten in the ongoing tournament as they look for a clean sweep. They will heavily rely on the services of Sreejesh and skipper Harmanpreet Singh who has scored eight goals in the tournament so far. The Indian team will look to develop momentum for the Olympics, which are less than a year away from now. "Getting to enter the final is a different thing. We look forward to converting the chances we get into goals," India's captain Harmanpreet Singh said. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

EXCLUSIVE | What I am today, is all because of team - PR Sreejesh after reaching milestone 300 appearances

<p>The Southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, which is the 2nd largest economy and the top electronic goods exporter in India, will be hosting a Global Investors Meet in January 2024. According to the Tamil Nadu Government, the state has the largest number of factories and the largest workforce in India. To be held on the 7th and 8th of January, the Tamil Nadu Global Investors Meet 2024, is aimed at attracting high-tech industries, and investment in sectors that will generate large-scale employment opportunities.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Since coming to power(in mid-2021), the Government has secured 241 investment projects valued at Rs.2.97lakh crore or USD$37bn and secured 415,000 employment opportunities" Chief Minister MK Stalin said. To consolidate its position and to attract further investments from global companies, the State Government is organising this Investors Meet, he added.</p>

<p>The global investors meet is expected to bring together industrialists, Micro Small and Medium Industries trade bodies, agriculturists, weavers and artisans from all districts of the state, the Government said. The core theme of the meet would be 'Towards a Resilient Economy, Sustainable Development, and Inclusive Growth'.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Chief Minister MK Stalin launched the logo of the event. A modified depiction of the Tamil alphabet(pronounced as 'Tha'), the logo signifies the language and the people of Tamil Nadu, and the progress towards growth and industrialisation.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Already well established as the 'Detroit of India' for its Automobile manufacturing sector and exports, Tamil Nadu also has been in the limelight for being among the states where contract manufacturers assemble Apple iPhones and other smartphones from leading brands. The state government recently announced that it had secured an investment of Rs.1600cr or USD200mn from Taiwanese firm Foxconn, for a new facility to assemble mobile phone components.&nbsp;</p>

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<p>You can <strong>now write for wionews.com</strong> and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us <strong><a href="https://www.wionews.com/content-contribution-registration-form">here</a>.</strong></p>


The Southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, which is the 2nd largest economy and the top electronic goods exporter in India, will be hosting a Global Investors Meet in January 2024.

The Southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, which is the 2nd largest economy and the top electronic goods exporter in India, will be hosting a Global Investors Meet in January 2024. According to the Tamil Nadu Government, the state has the largest number of factories and the largest workforce in India. To be held on the 7th and 8th of January, the Tamil Nadu Global Investors Meet 2024, is aimed at attracting high-tech industries, and investment in sectors that will generate large-scale employment opportunities. "Since coming to power(in mid-2021), the Government has secured 241 investment projects valued at Rs.2.97lakh crore or USD$37bn and secured 415,000 employment opportunities" Chief Minister MK Stalin said. To consolidate its position and to attract further investments from global companies, the State Government is organising this Investors Meet, he added. The global investors meet is expected to bring together industrialists, Micro Small and Medium Industries trade bodies, agriculturists, weavers and artisans from all districts of the state, the Government said. The core theme of the meet would be 'Towards a Resilient Economy, Sustainable Development, and Inclusive Growth'. Chief Minister MK Stalin launched the logo of the event. A modified depiction of the Tamil alphabet(pronounced as 'Tha'), the logo signifies the language and the people of Tamil Nadu, and the progress towards growth and industrialisation. Already well established as the 'Detroit of India' for its Automobile manufacturing sector and exports, Tamil Nadu also has been in the limelight for being among the states where contract manufacturers assemble Apple iPhones and other smartphones from leading brands. The state government recently announced that it had secured an investment of Rs.1600cr or USD200mn from Taiwanese firm Foxconn, for a new facility to assemble mobile phone components. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

Secured $37bn investment, 400K jobs in 2 yrs; Global Investors Meet in Jan 2024: TN govt

<p>From playing a loving grandfather, doting dad, and henpecked husband,&nbsp;in his latest release<em> Jailer</em>, Rajinikanth,(playing Muthuvel Pandian, a retired cop) transforms into a revenge-seeking, menacing old man, reviving 'old friends' to avenge the loss of a loved one. The stark contrast is visible in the way the protagonist is portrayed. With the idol-smuggler villain being established in the first few minutes and Rajini's son (who plays a cop) being portrayed as an upright and uncompromising Assistant Commissioner of Police, things get clear and amply predictable very early on.</p>

<p>If you're going into the multiplex, expecting fight sequences where a righteous Rajini beats up 50 baddies, you're in for a serious disappointment. Instead, <em>Jailer </em>compensates with violent action by the menacing version of 'Tiger' Muthuvel Pandian. Did you ever think Rajini would behead a baddie on screen? How about slashing the throat of a goon? It's all there! It also raises questions about how the film ended up with a UA certificate.</p>

<p>However, there's a catch. Unlike certain Rajini-centric action films, where the superstar carries the entire film on his shoulders and fights dozens of goons single-handedly, he is ably assisted by his 'old friends' and their aides in <em>Jailer.</em> In this one, he's more like the chief strategist and commander, who is supported by the right people at the right time.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Perhaps, this is a clever means of outsourcing some parts of the significant scenes to big stars from film industries of other states. In a way, it metaphorically takes the weight off the shoulders of 72-year-old Rajini and makes him seem like a man who is not alone in his journey of revenge. There are cameos by Malayalam superstar Mohanlal, veteran Hindi actor Jackie Shroff and veteran Kannada actor Shiva Rajkumar (all of whom are comparable to Rajini, in terms of age and experience).&nbsp;</p>

<p>In terms of screen time, the other superstars get very little. But the time and place where they appear are crucial. If 'Tiger' needs a handful of beefy wrestlers-cum-snipers, he has a friend who would lend them to him. If 'Tiger' needs a container-load of guns and an armoured SUV, he knows which 'old friend' to turn to.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The first half picks up pace gradually and by the interval, the big moments of Rajini's style and superstardom start unfolding, thereby giving hints about the character's past. Only after the interval does one get why the film is titled <em>Jailer,</em> thanks to a flashback scene that shows Rajini as a tough cop who was posted at the Tihar jail. As much as 'Jailer' Rajini instilled fear and terror among the jail mates, he also seemed to have some 'friends' among the outlaws, despite being an upright officer.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Negative roles</strong></p>

<p>Malayalam actor Vinayan plays&nbsp;idol smuggler and maniacal murderer, Varman. Close-up shots of his face and bloodshot eyes have the intended effect, and so do his hammer swings and style of hanging his enemies upside-down and brutally disposing&nbsp;them off without a trace. It almost seems mathematical - for every person that Varman wants to finish off, there are at least four swings of the hammer.</p>

<p>Speaking Tamil laced with a heavy Malayalam accent, interspersed with multiple Malayalam phrases, Vinayan seemed to have few dialogues and did most of the talking with his expressions and violent actions during his fits of rage.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Conflicts in the plot</strong></p>

<p>While playing the embodiment of righteousness, Rajini's character succumbs to the usual flaws that crop up in most on-screen police characters. Unnecessary glorification of abuse of power and torture is a case in point. A cop in uniform&nbsp;chopping&nbsp;off the ear of a jail inmate, it's all there. The most intolerable one among these was, cop Rajini getting one 'friendly' rowdy to bomb the car that another bunch of rowdies are travelling in.</p>

<p>If you're used to watching films by director Nelson, you'd already be used to his style of interspersing comedy scenes and comic characters right after or even during a serious sequence. In this film, one can easily observe that the negative characters and funny characters are almost equal in number. For those watching their maiden Nelson film, this is sure to seem like an absurdity. For the others, this is Nelson's version of business as usual. While there are attempts to sprinkle humour at regular intervals, not all of them work to their intended effect. Especially, when the film is viewed in any language other than Tamil, these segments could be lost in translation.&nbsp;</p>

<p>The film shows Rajini as being extremely intolerant, tough towards criminals and those who mean harm to his family. Strangely, some of the 'old friends' that help Rajini are not cops or do-gooders. Instead, they are arms dealers or bomb-makers or reformed criminals who run wrestling centres and offer firearms training to disciples. How does one remain a sincere cop and have friends and henchmen who are on the wrong side of the law? Please, let's not go there!</p>

<p><strong>The <em>Thalaiva </em>moments</strong></p>

<p>Towards the end of the first half and throughout the second half, there are the big moments that Rajini fans long for. That's the <em>paisa-vasool&nbsp;</em>(money's worth) they've all been looking for. Rajini's usual charisma is on full display- as he exits from cars, he expresses rage, as he toys around and wears his sunglasses, as he lights a cigar and whatnot! As these 'mass moments' unravel one after another, Anirudh Ravichander's music remains a constant factor and ensures that the impact of the big 'Thalaiva' (in Tamil, Rajini is fondly known as '<em>Thalaiva'</em>- Leader) moment is elevated more than ever.</p>

<p>From silhouettes to close-ups, to a shot where a fully-loaded truck is seen flipping mid-air right in front of Rajini,&nbsp;there's all kinds of shots and frames to showcase Rajini's superstardom.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>Conclusion</strong><br />
<br />
The last few films of Rajinikanth have not had a great deal of impact and response, even among his fans. Nelson delivers a film that would (after a long time) have all Rajini fans in agreement about how they've got what they expected. In many ways, <em>Jailer </em>brings Rajini to the fore, yet again, just like how the film <em>Vikram </em>had done for Kamal Haasan. Needless to mention some uncanny similarities that <em>Vikram</em> and <em>Jailer </em>share, but each one has their own moments to appease fans from each camp. <em>Jailer</em> is an entertaining film that offers glimpses of the vintage Rajini and the contemporary Rajini, ably assisted by cameos by Mohanlal, Jackie Shroff and Shiva Rajkumar.</p>


From playing a loving grandfather, doting dad, and henpecked husband, in his latest release Jailer, Rajinikanth,(playing Muthuvel Pandian, a retired cop) transforms into a revenge-seeking, menacing old man, reviving 'old friends' to avenge the loss of a loved one.

From playing a loving grandfather, doting dad, and henpecked husband, in his latest release Jailer, Rajinikanth,(playing Muthuvel Pandian, a retired cop) transforms into a revenge-seeking, menacing old man, reviving 'old friends' to avenge the loss of a loved one. The stark contrast is visible in the way the protagonist is portrayed. With the idol-smuggler villain being established in the first few minutes and Rajini's son (who plays a cop) being portrayed as an upright and uncompromising Assistant Commissioner of Police, things get clear and amply predictable very early on. If you're going into the multiplex, expecting fight sequences where a righteous Rajini beats up 50 baddies, you're in for a serious disappointment. Instead, Jailer compensates with violent action by the menacing version of 'Tiger' Muthuvel Pandian. Did you ever think Rajini would behead a baddie on screen? How about slashing the throat of a goon? It's all there! It also raises questions about how the film ended up with a UA certificate. However, there's a catch. Unlike certain Rajini-centric action films, where the superstar carries the entire film on his shoulders and fights dozens of goons single-handedly, he is ably assisted by his 'old friends' and their aides in Jailer. In this one, he's more like the chief strategist and commander, who is supported by the right people at the right time. Perhaps, this is a clever means of outsourcing some parts of the significant scenes to big stars from film industries of other states. In a way, it metaphorically takes the weight off the shoulders of 72-year-old Rajini and makes him seem like a man who is not alone in his journey of revenge. There are cameos by Malayalam superstar Mohanlal, veteran Hindi actor Jackie Shroff and veteran Kannada actor Shiva Rajkumar (all of whom are comparable to Rajini, in terms of age and experience). In terms of screen time, the other superstars get very little. But the time and place where they appear are crucial. If 'Tiger' needs a handful of beefy wrestlers-cum-snipers, he has a friend who would lend them to him. If 'Tiger' needs a container-load of guns and an armoured SUV, he knows which 'old friend' to turn to. The first half picks up pace gradually and by the interval, the big moments of Rajini's style and superstardom start unfolding, thereby giving hints about the character's past. Only after the interval does one get why the film is titled Jailer, thanks to a flashback scene that shows Rajini as a tough cop who was posted at the Tihar jail. As much as 'Jailer' Rajini instilled fear and terror among the jail mates, he also seemed to have some 'friends' among the outlaws, despite being an upright officer. Negative roles Malayalam actor Vinayan plays idol smuggler and maniacal murderer, Varman. Close-up shots of his face and bloodshot eyes have the intended effect, and so do his hammer swings and style of hanging his enemies upside-down and brutally disposing them off without a trace. It almost seems mathematical - for every person that Varman wants to finish off, there are at least four swings of the hammer. Speaking Tamil laced with a heavy Malayalam accent, interspersed with multiple Malayalam phrases, Vinayan seemed to have few dialogues and did most of the talking with his expressions and violent actions during his fits of rage. Conflicts in the plot While playing the embodiment of righteousness, Rajini's character succumbs to the usual flaws that crop up in most on-screen police characters. Unnecessary glorification of abuse of power and torture is a case in point. A cop in uniform chopping off the ear of a jail inmate, it's all there. The most intolerable one among these was, cop Rajini getting one 'friendly' rowdy to bomb the car that another bunch of rowdies are travelling in. If you're used to watching films by director Nelson, you'd already be used to his style of interspersing comedy scenes and comic characters right after or even during a serious sequence. In this film, one can easily observe that the negative characters and funny characters are almost equal in number. For those watching their maiden Nelson film, this is sure to seem like an absurdity. For the others, this is Nelson's version of business as usual. While there are attempts to sprinkle humour at regular intervals, not all of them work to their intended effect. Especially, when the film is viewed in any language other than Tamil, these segments could be lost in translation. The film shows Rajini as being extremely intolerant, tough towards criminals and those who mean harm to his family. Strangely, some of the 'old friends' that help Rajini are not cops or do-gooders. Instead, they are arms dealers or bomb-makers or reformed criminals who run wrestling centres and offer firearms training to disciples. How does one remain a sincere cop and have friends and henchmen who are on the wrong side of the law? Please, let's not go there! The Thalaiva moments Towards the end of the first half and throughout the second half, there are the big moments that Rajini fans long for. That's the paisa-vasool (money's worth) they've all been looking for. Rajini's usual charisma is on full display- as he exits from cars, he expresses rage, as he toys around and wears his sunglasses, as he lights a cigar and whatnot! As these 'mass moments' unravel one after another, Anirudh Ravichander's music remains a constant factor and ensures that the impact of the big 'Thalaiva' (in Tamil, Rajini is fondly known as 'Thalaiva'- Leader) moment is elevated more than ever. From silhouettes to close-ups, to a shot where a fully-loaded truck is seen flipping mid-air right in front of Rajini, there's all kinds of shots and frames to showcase Rajini's superstardom. Conclusion The last few films of Rajinikanth have not had a great deal of impact and response, even among his fans. Nelson delivers a film that would (after a long time) have all Rajini fans in agreement about how they've got what they expected. In many ways, Jailer brings Rajini to the fore, yet again, just like how the film Vikram had done for Kamal Haasan. Needless to mention some uncanny similarities that Vikram and Jailer share, but each one has their own moments to appease fans from each camp. Jailer is an entertaining film that offers glimpses of the vintage Rajini and the contemporary Rajini, ably assisted by cameos by Mohanlal, Jackie Shroff and Shiva Rajkumar.

Jailer review: 'Tiger' Rajinikanth and his 'old friends' deliver a revenge drama laced with dark humour

<p>Tata Lockheed Martin Aerostructures Limited (TLMAL) achieved a significant milestone as it completed the delivery of 200 empennage structures for the&nbsp;'C-130J Super Hercules' military aircraft. The empennage is the name given to the entire tail section of the aircraft, including both the horizontal and vertical stabilizers, the rudder and the elevator.</p>

<p>As a combined unit, it works similar to the feather on the arrow, helping guide the aircraft. The 'C-130J Super Hercules' is the current variant of the legacy C-130 Hercules and is operated by 21 nations.</p>

<p>According to the firm, their facility in Adibatla, Hyderabad, in India, has the distinction of being the single global source of C-130J empennage assemblies that are installed on all new Super Hercules aircraft produced in Marietta, Georgia, in the United States. C-130J Empennage assemblies produced by TLMAL include the aircraft’s horizontal and vertical stabilizers along with leading edges and tip assemblies.</p>

<p>“The C-130J is known as the world’s workhorse not just for its large global presence, but also for its international supply chain partners including TLMAL,” said Rod McLean, vice president and general manager of the Air Mobility &amp; Maritime Missions line of business at Lockheed Martin.<br />
<br />
“Each TLMAL-produced empennage literally helps the mighty Super Hercules take flight to support critical missions that impact lives and make history. While it takes many parts and pieces to build an empennage, it also requires a group of highly dedicated and skilled individuals" he said.</p>

<p>Empennages made by TLMAL are included in C-130Js operated by seven nations, including India, said the firm. A tactical airlifter, C-130Js perform search and rescue, peacekeeping, combat delivery, maritime patrol, special operations, aerial refuelling, commercial cargo transport, medical evacuation and humanitarian response missions.</p>

<p>"Today, we take immense pride in reaching the momentous milestone of producing the 200th empennage for C-130J right here in India," said Sukaran Singh, CEO and managing director, Tata Advanced Systems Limited. In March 2023, Lockheed Martin and Tata Group signed a Memorandum of Understanding to begin the implementation of fighter wing production at their Hyderabad facility. The company had said, TLMAL demonstrated the capability to produce one of the most technologically complex aerostructures — a fuel-carrying, 9G (force enduring), 12,000 hour (endurance), interchangeable/replaceable fighter wing.</p>

<p>TLMAL- a joint venture between Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics], was established in 2010. At present, the combined entity employs 650 personnel in India.</p>

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Tata Lockheed Martin Aerostructures Limited (TLMAL) achieved a significant milestone as it completed the delivery of 200 empennage structures for the 'C-130J Super Hercules' military aircraft.

Tata Lockheed Martin Aerostructures Limited (TLMAL) achieved a significant milestone as it completed the delivery of 200 empennage structures for the 'C-130J Super Hercules' military aircraft. The empennage is the name given to the entire tail section of the aircraft, including both the horizontal and vertical stabilizers, the rudder and the elevator. As a combined unit, it works similar to the feather on the arrow, helping guide the aircraft. The 'C-130J Super Hercules' is the current variant of the legacy C-130 Hercules and is operated by 21 nations. According to the firm, their facility in Adibatla, Hyderabad, in India, has the distinction of being the single global source of C-130J empennage assemblies that are installed on all new Super Hercules aircraft produced in Marietta, Georgia, in the United States. C-130J Empennage assemblies produced by TLMAL include the aircraft’s horizontal and vertical stabilizers along with leading edges and tip assemblies. “The C-130J is known as the world’s workhorse not just for its large global presence, but also for its international supply chain partners including TLMAL,” said Rod McLean, vice president and general manager of the Air Mobility & Maritime Missions line of business at Lockheed Martin. “Each TLMAL-produced empennage literally helps the mighty Super Hercules take flight to support critical missions that impact lives and make history. While it takes many parts and pieces to build an empennage, it also requires a group of highly dedicated and skilled individuals" he said. Empennages made by TLMAL are included in C-130Js operated by seven nations, including India, said the firm. A tactical airlifter, C-130Js perform search and rescue, peacekeeping, combat delivery, maritime patrol, special operations, aerial refuelling, commercial cargo transport, medical evacuation and humanitarian response missions. "Today, we take immense pride in reaching the momentous milestone of producing the 200th empennage for C-130J right here in India," said Sukaran Singh, CEO and managing director, Tata Advanced Systems Limited. In March 2023, Lockheed Martin and Tata Group signed a Memorandum of Understanding to begin the implementation of fighter wing production at their Hyderabad facility. The company had said, TLMAL demonstrated the capability to produce one of the most technologically complex aerostructures — a fuel-carrying, 9G (force enduring), 12,000 hour (endurance), interchangeable/replaceable fighter wing. TLMAL- a joint venture between Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics], was established in 2010. At present, the combined entity employs 650 personnel in India. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here.

India: Tata Lockheed Martin makes, delivers parts for 200 ‘C-130J’ military planes

<p>India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3&nbsp;has successfully completed its second Lunar orbit reduction. This is a process of firing the spacecraft's engines, in a manner that would slow down the craft and bring it into an orbit that's closer to the moon.</p>

<p>The firing carried out between 1-2 pm Wednesday, August 9 (Indian Standard Time), reduced the craft's orbit from 170 km x 4313 km to 174 km x 1437 km. This Lunar orbit reduction is part of a gradual process that will eventually lead the craft to the Lunar soft landing that is scheduled for 23rd August.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"Even closer to the moon’s surface. Chandrayaan-3's orbit is reduced to 174 km x 1437 km following a manoeuvre performed today. The next operation is scheduled for August 14, 2023, between 11:30 and 12:30 Hrs IST," ISRO said in a tweet.</p>

<p>"When the satellite is circling around the moon, a command is issued to re-orient the craft by 180 degrees. This re-orientation will ensure that the craft's engine(s) can be used as a brake. Such engine firings are known as retro-firings. In retro-firing, the engine is not pushing the craft forward. Instead, it is pushing the craft in a direction opposite to its original direction of movement and it will slow down the craft," Dr. Mylswamy Annadurai, Former Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, explained to WION.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/wagner-reaping-benefits-from-instability-in-niger-says-us-state-secretary-antony-blinken-623660">Wagner reaping benefits from instability in Niger, says US State Secretary Antony Blinken</a></p>

<p>When the craft was circling the earth, commands were issued to fire the engines and push the craft further away from the earth (orbit raising manoeuvres). In those cases, the engine was fired to propel the craft forward and impart more velocity to it. In a retro-firing (opposite firing), the engine firing is done in an opposite direction and thereby reduces the velocity of the craft and lowers its orbit. These are the fundamental differences between orbit raising manoeuvres and orbit reduction manoeuvres.</p>

<p>ISRO intends to perform two more Lunar orbit reduction burns (retro-firings) of the craft. The next retro-firing, which is also the third such would be carried out on 14th August between 11:30 and 12:30 noon (IST). The final and fourth retro-firing to reduce the orbit is expected on 16th August.</p>

<p>Also Read | <a href="https://www.wionews.com/world/man-gets-furious-and-locks-ex-colleagues-at-former-workplace-after-being-fired-from-job-623655">Man gets furious and locks ex-colleagues at former workplace after being fired from job</a></p>

<h2>The journey so far...&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</h2>

<p>Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14th July from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes from lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>On the intervening night of 31st July and 1st August, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence.</p>

<p><strong>Watch | Nepal initiates investigation against former Prime Ministers</strong></p>

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<p>On 6th August, the spacecraft performed its maiden Lunar orbit reduction manoeuvre.</p>

<h2>The journey ahead...&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</h2>

<p>ISRO has said that the craft's next operation would be the third reduction of orbit around the moon. It is scheduled for August 14th at noon, ISRO said.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"When the lander separates from the propulsion module(on August 17th), the craft will be in a 100x100km&nbsp;circular orbit around the moon. The craft would be in that orbit for 4-5 days and we would use that period to test the crucial systems, and sensors that would be used for the lunar landing(because this is the first time we would be testing them in space)," M. Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION.</p>

<p>Thereafter, the craft would be brought to 100x30km&nbsp;orbit and then a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, Fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out, in the run-up to lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time, on August 23.</p>

<h2>Objectives of Chandrayaan-3...&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</h2>

<p>India's 3rd Lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tons. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments.&nbsp;</p>

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India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 has successfully completed its second Lunar orbit reduction. This is a process of firing the spacecraft's engines, in a manner that would slow down the craft and bring it into an orbit that's closer to the moon.

India's third lunar spacecraft Chandrayaan-3 has successfully completed its second Lunar orbit reduction. This is a process of firing the spacecraft's engines, in a manner that would slow down the craft and bring it into an orbit that's closer to the moon. The firing carried out between 1-2 pm Wednesday, August 9 (Indian Standard Time), reduced the craft's orbit from 170 km x 4313 km to 174 km x 1437 km. This Lunar orbit reduction is part of a gradual process that will eventually lead the craft to the Lunar soft landing that is scheduled for 23rd August. "Even closer to the moon’s surface. Chandrayaan-3's orbit is reduced to 174 km x 1437 km following a manoeuvre performed today. The next operation is scheduled for August 14, 2023, between 11:30 and 12:30 Hrs IST," ISRO said in a tweet. "When the satellite is circling around the moon, a command is issued to re-orient the craft by 180 degrees. This re-orientation will ensure that the craft's engine(s) can be used as a brake. Such engine firings are known as retro-firings. In retro-firing, the engine is not pushing the craft forward. Instead, it is pushing the craft in a direction opposite to its original direction of movement and it will slow down the craft," Dr. Mylswamy Annadurai, Former Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, explained to WION. Also Read | Wagner reaping benefits from instability in Niger, says US State Secretary Antony Blinken When the craft was circling the earth, commands were issued to fire the engines and push the craft further away from the earth (orbit raising manoeuvres). In those cases, the engine was fired to propel the craft forward and impart more velocity to it. In a retro-firing (opposite firing), the engine firing is done in an opposite direction and thereby reduces the velocity of the craft and lowers its orbit. These are the fundamental differences between orbit raising manoeuvres and orbit reduction manoeuvres. ISRO intends to perform two more Lunar orbit reduction burns (retro-firings) of the craft. The next retro-firing, which is also the third such would be carried out on 14th August between 11:30 and 12:30 noon (IST). The final and fourth retro-firing to reduce the orbit is expected on 16th August. Also Read | Man gets furious and locks ex-colleagues at former workplace after being fired from job The journey so far... Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14th July from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes from lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit. On the intervening night of 31st July and 1st August, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence. Watch | Nepal initiates investigation against former Prime Ministers × On 6th August, the spacecraft performed its maiden Lunar orbit reduction manoeuvre. The journey ahead... ISRO has said that the craft's next operation would be the third reduction of orbit around the moon. It is scheduled for August 14th at noon, ISRO said. "When the lander separates from the propulsion module(on August 17th), the craft will be in a 100x100km circular orbit around the moon. The craft would be in that orbit for 4-5 days and we would use that period to test the crucial systems, and sensors that would be used for the lunar landing(because this is the first time we would be testing them in space)," M. Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION. Thereafter, the craft would be brought to 100x30km orbit and then a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, Fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out, in the run-up to lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time, on August 23. Objectives of Chandrayaan-3... India's 3rd Lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tons. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments. WATCH WION LIVE HERE You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. ×

India's Chandrayaan-3 performs second Lunar orbit reduction

<p>With an Indian-built satellite GSAT-24 having formally commenced its operations, from around 36,500 km&nbsp;above the earth's surface, subscribers of India's Tata Play DTH Service would have the option to view 300 more television channels.</p>

<p>Prior to the operationalisation of GSAT-24, Tata Play&nbsp;(formerly Tata Sky) was able to broadcast only 600 channels, and that number would now increase to 900 channels.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Chairman and Managing Director, NSIL, D. Radhakrishnan said, “GSAT-24 has been the first Demand Driven communication satellite mission undertaken by NSIL post space sector reforms. The GSAT-24 satellite is ready to usher in a new era of satellite television for India".</p>

<p>Built by ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru, the GSAT-24 satellite is the first demand-driven mission of NewSpace India Limited(NSIL), which is ISRO's commercial arm.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wionews.com/science/if-everything-fails-isro-chiefs-big-comment-on-chandrayaan-3-landing-on-august-23-623626"><strong>Also read:&nbsp;`If everything fails...`: ISRO chief`s BIG comment on Chandrayaan-3 landing on August 23</strong></a></p>

<p>GSAT-24 is a 24-Ku band communication satellite, meant to cater to the requirement of Tata Play’s DTH application needs. NSIL, incorporated in March 2019, is a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Indian Government's Department of Space (DOS). The entire satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 is leased to its committed customer Tata Play.</p>

<p>ISRO Chairman, Dr. S. Somanath said, “GSAT-24, a 4-tonne class communication satellite built by ISRO for providing DTH services, is fully operational at its maximum satellite capacity, following exhaustive in-orbit testing. This momentous achievement signifies a revolution in India’s telecommunications space, driven by cutting-edge indigenous technology. It serves as a tribute to our nation’s aerospace prowess and heralds India’s successful entry into the Demand Driven Mission segment.”</p>

<p><strong>Also read:&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3 now within moon's gravitational orbit&nbsp;</strong></p>

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<p>According to Tata Play, the increased bandwidth, after the inclusion of GSAT-24, will enable the DTH service to provide its users with an even sharper picture and sound quality, and an ability to carry 50 per cent more channels while becoming the largest satellite bandwidth provider among all DTH platforms.</p>

<p>Tata Play’s MD &amp; CEO Shri Harit Nagpal said, “Viewing experience has been Tata Play’s key priority. This collaboration with NSIL will provide our DTH subscribers with an even better video and audio quality and many more channels and services. It also strengthens our commitment to Linear TV in a country where approximately 140million homes are yet to buy their first TV”.</p>

<p>The GSAT-24 satellite was launched into orbit using a European Ariane-V rocket from their European Space Agency's Kourou Spaceport in French Guiana. The satellite was launched into orbit successfully on June 22nd, 2022.</p>

<p>After getting placed in orbit last mid-2022, various processes and technical assessments including on-orbit testing were carried out prior to operationalizing the satellite for broadcast operations. Meanwhile, the ground stations of Tata Play, that are meant to communicate with the satellite also were set up.&nbsp;</p>

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With an Indian-built satellite GSAT-24 having formally commenced its operations, from around 36,500 km above the earth's surface, subscribers of India's Tata Play DTH Service would have the option to view 300 more television channels.

With an Indian-built satellite GSAT-24 having formally commenced its operations, from around 36,500 km above the earth's surface, subscribers of India's Tata Play DTH Service would have the option to view 300 more television channels. Prior to the operationalisation of GSAT-24, Tata Play (formerly Tata Sky) was able to broadcast only 600 channels, and that number would now increase to 900 channels. Chairman and Managing Director, NSIL, D. Radhakrishnan said, “GSAT-24 has been the first Demand Driven communication satellite mission undertaken by NSIL post space sector reforms. The GSAT-24 satellite is ready to usher in a new era of satellite television for India". Built by ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru, the GSAT-24 satellite is the first demand-driven mission of NewSpace India Limited(NSIL), which is ISRO's commercial arm. Also read: `If everything fails...`: ISRO chief`s BIG comment on Chandrayaan-3 landing on August 23 GSAT-24 is a 24-Ku band communication satellite, meant to cater to the requirement of Tata Play’s DTH application needs. NSIL, incorporated in March 2019, is a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Indian Government's Department of Space (DOS). The entire satellite capacity on-board GSAT-24 is leased to its committed customer Tata Play. ISRO Chairman, Dr. S. Somanath said, “GSAT-24, a 4-tonne class communication satellite built by ISRO for providing DTH services, is fully operational at its maximum satellite capacity, following exhaustive in-orbit testing. This momentous achievement signifies a revolution in India’s telecommunications space, driven by cutting-edge indigenous technology. It serves as a tribute to our nation’s aerospace prowess and heralds India’s successful entry into the Demand Driven Mission segment.” Also read: Chandrayaan-3 now within moon's gravitational orbit × According to Tata Play, the increased bandwidth, after the inclusion of GSAT-24, will enable the DTH service to provide its users with an even sharper picture and sound quality, and an ability to carry 50 per cent more channels while becoming the largest satellite bandwidth provider among all DTH platforms. Tata Play’s MD & CEO Shri Harit Nagpal said, “Viewing experience has been Tata Play’s key priority. This collaboration with NSIL will provide our DTH subscribers with an even better video and audio quality and many more channels and services. It also strengthens our commitment to Linear TV in a country where approximately 140million homes are yet to buy their first TV”. The GSAT-24 satellite was launched into orbit using a European Ariane-V rocket from their European Space Agency's Kourou Spaceport in French Guiana. The satellite was launched into orbit successfully on June 22nd, 2022. After getting placed in orbit last mid-2022, various processes and technical assessments including on-orbit testing were carried out prior to operationalizing the satellite for broadcast operations. Meanwhile, the ground stations of Tata Play, that are meant to communicate with the satellite also were set up. WATCH WION LIVE HERE ×

ISRO-built satellite to bring 300 more channels on Tata Play; include Andamans, Northeast in coverage

<p>In the late hours of Sunday (around 11:00 pm Indian Standard Time), the Indian Space Agency pushed its Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft closer to the Lunar surface. This is part of a gradual process that will eventually lead the craft to the Lunar soft landing that is scheduled for August 23.</p>

<p>Since undergoing the Lunar orbit insertion in the evening hours of Saturday and starting to circle the moon, this is the first time that the craft's Lunar orbit is being reduced. Since Saturday, the craft has been in a 164 km x 18074 km orbit around the moon.&nbsp;With the engine firing done on Sunday night, the craft's orbit has been lowered to 170 km x 4313 km.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"The spacecraft successfully underwent a planned orbit reduction manoeuvre. The retro-firing of engines brought it closer to the Moon's surface, now to 170 km x 4313 km. The next operation to further reduce the orbit is scheduled for August 9, 2023, between 13:00 and 14:00 Hrs. IST." ISRO said in a tweet.&nbsp;</p>

<p><strong>ALSO READ |</strong> <a href="https://www.wionews.com/india-news/watch-isro-releases-video-of-the-moon-captured-by-chandrayaan-3-as-it-enters-lunar-orbit-622908">ISRO releases video of the moon captured by Chandrayaan-3 as it enters lunar orbit</a></p>

<h2>The journey so far...</h2>

<p>Chandrayaan-3 was launched on July 14 from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes from lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit.&nbsp;</p>

<p>On the intervening night of July 31 and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed&nbsp;out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence.&nbsp;"By firing its engines for the TLI, the craft gained departure velocity and set course from the earth orbit towards a location in the vicinity of the moon," Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, former Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>The journey that lay ahead...</h2>

<p>ISRO has said that the craft's next operation would be the second reduction of orbit around the moon. It is scheduled for August 9, around&nbsp;1-2 pm IST. Just like ISRO slingshot the craft away from earth by performing multiple engine firings, a similar process would be carried out for the reverse effect. Engine retro firings would be done to bring the craft closer to the lunar surface and eventually into a circular orbit around the moon.&nbsp;</p>

<p>"When the lander separates from the propulsion module, the craft will be in a 100x100kms circular orbit around the moon. The craft would be in that orbit for 4-5 days and we would use that period to test the crucial systems and sensors that would be used for the lunar landing (because this is the first time we would be testing them in space)," M Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION.</p>

<p><strong>WATCH |&nbsp;Chandrayaan-3 is steadily heading towards the moon</strong></p>

<div class="videoWrapper trancodeVideo"><iframe allowfullscreen="" autoplay="1" class="includeVideo" frameborder="0" height="350" src="https://www.wionews.com/videos/chandrayaan-3-is-steadily-heading-towards-the-moon-622755/embed" style="width:100%;max-width:560px;" width="560"></iframe></div>

<p>Thereafter, the craft would be brought to 100x30 km orbit, and then a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, Fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out, in the run-up to the lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time, on August 23.</p>

<h2>Objectives of Chandrayaan-3...</h2>

<p>India's 3<sup>rd</sup>&nbsp;Lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

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In the late hours of Sunday (around 11:00 pm Indian Standard Time), the Indian Space Agency pushed its Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft closer to the Lunar surface. This is part of a gradual process that will eventually lead the craft to the Lunar soft landing that is scheduled for August 23.

In the late hours of Sunday (around 11:00 pm Indian Standard Time), the Indian Space Agency pushed its Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft closer to the Lunar surface. This is part of a gradual process that will eventually lead the craft to the Lunar soft landing that is scheduled for August 23. Since undergoing the Lunar orbit insertion in the evening hours of Saturday and starting to circle the moon, this is the first time that the craft's Lunar orbit is being reduced. Since Saturday, the craft has been in a 164 km x 18074 km orbit around the moon. With the engine firing done on Sunday night, the craft's orbit has been lowered to 170 km x 4313 km. "The spacecraft successfully underwent a planned orbit reduction manoeuvre. The retro-firing of engines brought it closer to the Moon's surface, now to 170 km x 4313 km. The next operation to further reduce the orbit is scheduled for August 9, 2023, between 13:00 and 14:00 Hrs. IST." ISRO said in a tweet. ALSO READ | ISRO releases video of the moon captured by Chandrayaan-3 as it enters lunar orbit The journey so far... Chandrayaan-3 was launched on July 14 from India's spaceport, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Sixteen minutes from lift-off, the craft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit around the Earth. Thereafter, by performing five engine burns on as many occasions, the craft gradually raised its orbit and slingshot itself further away from Earth, while continuing to remain in Earth's orbit. On the intervening night of July 31 and August 1, Chandrayaan-3 performed its Trans-Lunar injection burn. By this long-duration firing of its engines, the craft was pushed out of Earth's gravitational influence and hurled towards Lunar gravitational influence. "By firing its engines for the TLI, the craft gained departure velocity and set course from the earth orbit towards a location in the vicinity of the moon," Dr Mylswamy Annadurai, former Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION. The journey that lay ahead... ISRO has said that the craft's next operation would be the second reduction of orbit around the moon. It is scheduled for August 9, around 1-2 pm IST. Just like ISRO slingshot the craft away from earth by performing multiple engine firings, a similar process would be carried out for the reverse effect. Engine retro firings would be done to bring the craft closer to the lunar surface and eventually into a circular orbit around the moon. "When the lander separates from the propulsion module, the craft will be in a 100x100kms circular orbit around the moon. The craft would be in that orbit for 4-5 days and we would use that period to test the crucial systems and sensors that would be used for the lunar landing (because this is the first time we would be testing them in space)," M Sankaran, Director of ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre, had told WION. WATCH | Chandrayaan-3 is steadily heading towards the moon Thereafter, the craft would be brought to 100x30 km orbit, and then a process of Rough braking, Attitude hold, Fine braking, and velocity reduction would be carried out, in the run-up to the lunar landing. ISRO has planned the Lunar landing at 5:47 pm Indian Standard Time, on August 23. Objectives of Chandrayaan-3... India's 3rd Lunar spacecraft comprises a propulsion module, lander and rover. The combined mass of them is 3.9 tonnes. The key goal of the craft is to perform a lunar soft-landing and perform in-situ analysis near 70 degrees latitude of the Lunar surface. The mission is expected to last 14 earth days or one lunar day, during which the six-wheeled rover and the lander will perform their respective experiments. You can now write for wionews.com and be a part of the community. Share your stories and opinions with us here. WATCH WION LIVE HERE

Chandrayaan-3 completes maiden orbit reduction, gets closer to Lunar surface

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